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| 1 | ·f55d2758268170187e71172cb8df2aa1·24141444·debug·optional·binutils-mingw-w64-i686-dbgsym_2.44-2+12_i386.deb | 1 | ·f55d2758268170187e71172cb8df2aa1·24141444·debug·optional·binutils-mingw-w64-i686-dbgsym_2.44-2+12_i386.deb |
| 2 | · | 2 | ·a18b61fe0fb23f23fcbe33f477ebc1c3·2883640·devel·optional·binutils-mingw-w64-i686_2.44-2+12_i386.deb |
| 3 | ·29a0d24b1288c91803a8342c6763e48d·26533200·debug·optional·binutils-mingw-w64-ucrt64-dbgsym_2.44-2+12_i386.deb | 3 | ·29a0d24b1288c91803a8342c6763e48d·26533200·debug·optional·binutils-mingw-w64-ucrt64-dbgsym_2.44-2+12_i386.deb |
| 4 | · | 4 | ·a183b758fad3409e99735a4579994f45·3624236·devel·optional·binutils-mingw-w64-ucrt64_2.44-2+12_i386.deb |
| 5 | ·808dc0ec4956297947efd2776eb34df3·27004304·debug·optional·binutils-mingw-w64-x86-64-dbgsym_2.44-2+12_i386.deb | 5 | ·808dc0ec4956297947efd2776eb34df3·27004304·debug·optional·binutils-mingw-w64-x86-64-dbgsym_2.44-2+12_i386.deb |
| 6 | · | 6 | ·a10b8b73b94f5fd5fe576ece6933e178·3622232·devel·optional·binutils-mingw-w64-x86-64_2.44-2+12_i386.deb |
| 7 | ·7c287b3633826f2385af78190c46604a·149224·devel·optional·binutils-mingw-w64_2.44-2+12_all.deb | 7 | ·7c287b3633826f2385af78190c46604a·149224·devel·optional·binutils-mingw-w64_2.44-2+12_all.deb |
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| 2 | -rw-r--r--···0········0········0·····2008·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·control.tar.xz | 2 | -rw-r--r--···0········0········0·····2008·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·control.tar.xz |
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| 50 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····29664·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-as.1.gz | 50 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····29664·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-as.1.gz |
| 51 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····3765·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-c++filt.1.gz | 51 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····3765·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-c++filt.1.gz |
| 52 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····5720·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-dlltool.1.gz | 52 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····5720·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-dlltool.1.gz |
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| 54 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····2557·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-elfedit.1.gz | 54 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····2557·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-elfedit.1.gz |
| 55 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····7943·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-gprof.1.gz | 55 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····7943·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-gprof.1.gz |
| 56 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····47 | 56 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····47328·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-ld.1.gz |
| 57 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····7084·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-nm.1.gz | 57 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····7084·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-nm.1.gz |
| 58 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····14200·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-objcopy.1.gz | 58 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····14200·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-objcopy.1.gz |
| 59 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····14901·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-objdump.1.gz | 59 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····14901·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-objdump.1.gz |
| 60 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····2144·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-ranlib.1.gz | 60 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····2144·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-ranlib.1.gz |
| 61 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····8507·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-readelf.1.gz | 61 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····8507·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-readelf.1.gz |
| 62 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····3015·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-size.1.gz | 62 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····3015·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-size.1.gz |
| 63 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····3806·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-strings.1.gz | 63 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····3806·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/i686-w64-mingw32-strings.1.gz |
| Offset 1, 9 lines modified | Offset 1, 9 lines modified | ||
| 1 | .\"·-*-·mode:·troff;·coding:·utf-8·-*- | 1 | .\"·-*-·mode:·troff;·coding:·utf-8·-*- |
| 2 | .\"·Automatically·generated·by·Pod::Man· | 2 | .\"·Automatically·generated·by·Pod::Man·v6.0.2·(Pod::Simple·3.45) |
| 3 | .\" | 3 | .\" |
| 4 | .\"·Standard·preamble: | 4 | .\"·Standard·preamble: |
| 5 | .\"·======================================================================== | 5 | .\"·======================================================================== |
| 6 | .de·Sp·\"·Vertical·space·(when·we·can't·use·.PP) | 6 | .de·Sp·\"·Vertical·space·(when·we·can't·use·.PP) |
| 7 | .if·t·.sp·.5v | 7 | .if·t·.sp·.5v |
| 8 | .if·n·.sp | 8 | .if·n·.sp |
| 9 | .. | 9 | .. |
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| 48 | .········if·!\nF==2·\{\ | 48 | .········if·!\nF==2·\{\ |
| 49 | .············nr·%·0 | 49 | .············nr·%·0 |
| 50 | .············nr·F·2 | 50 | .············nr·F·2 |
| 51 | .········\} | 51 | .········\} |
| 52 | .····\} | 52 | .····\} |
| 53 | .\} | 53 | .\} |
| 54 | .rr·rF | 54 | .rr·rF |
| 55 | .\" | ||
| 56 | .\"·Required·to·disable·full·justification·in·groff·1.23.0. | ||
| 57 | .if·n·.ds·AD·l | ||
| 55 | .\"·======================================================================== | 58 | .\"·======================================================================== |
| 56 | .\" | 59 | .\" |
| 57 | .IX·Title·"LD·1" | 60 | .IX·Title·"LD·1" |
| 58 | .TH·LD·1·202 | 61 | .TH·LD·1·2025-02-02·binutils-2.44·"GNU·Development·Tools" |
| 59 | .\"·For·nroff,·turn·off·justification.··Always·turn·off·hyphenation;·it·makes | 62 | .\"·For·nroff,·turn·off·justification.··Always·turn·off·hyphenation;·it·makes |
| 60 | .\"·way·too·many·mistakes·in·technical·documents. | 63 | .\"·way·too·many·mistakes·in·technical·documents. |
| 61 | .if·n·.ad·l | 64 | .if·n·.ad·l |
| 62 | .nh | 65 | .nh |
| 63 | .SH·NAME | 66 | .SH·NAME |
| 64 | ld·\-·The·GNU·linker | 67 | ld·\-·The·GNU·linker |
| 65 | .SH·SYNOPSIS | 68 | .SH·SYNOPSIS |
| Offset 68, 15 lines modified | Offset 71, 15 lines modified | ||
| 68 | .SH·DESCRIPTION | 71 | .SH·DESCRIPTION |
| 69 | .IX·Header·"DESCRIPTION" | 72 | .IX·Header·"DESCRIPTION" |
| 70 | \&\fBld\fR·combines·a·number·of·object·and·archive·files,·relocates | 73 | \&\fBld\fR·combines·a·number·of·object·and·archive·files,·relocates |
| 71 | their·data·and·ties·up·symbol·references.·Usually·the·last·step·in | 74 | their·data·and·ties·up·symbol·references.·Usually·the·last·step·in |
| 72 | compiling·a·program·is·to·run·\fBld\fR. | 75 | compiling·a·program·is·to·run·\fBld\fR. |
| 73 | .PP | 76 | .PP |
| 74 | \&\fBld\fR·accepts·Linker·Command·Language·files·written·in | 77 | \&\fBld\fR·accepts·Linker·Command·Language·files·written·in |
| 75 | a·superset·of·AT&T | 78 | a·superset·of·AT&T\*(Aqs·Link·Editor·Command·Language·syntax, |
| 76 | to·provide·explicit·and·total·control·over·the·linking·process. | 79 | to·provide·explicit·and·total·control·over·the·linking·process. |
| 77 | .PP | 80 | .PP |
| 78 | This·man·page·does·not·describe·the·command·language;·see·the | 81 | This·man·page·does·not·describe·the·command·language;·see·the |
| 79 | \&\fBld\fR·entry·in·\f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR·for·full·details·on·the·command | 82 | \&\fBld\fR·entry·in·\f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR·for·full·details·on·the·command |
| 80 | language·and·on·other·aspects·of·the·GNU·linker. | 83 | language·and·on·other·aspects·of·the·GNU·linker. |
| 81 | .PP | 84 | .PP |
| 82 | This·version·of·\fBld\fR·uses·the·general·purpose·BFD·libraries | 85 | This·version·of·\fBld\fR·uses·the·general·purpose·BFD·libraries |
| Offset 92, 41 lines modified | Offset 95, 41 lines modified | ||
| 92 | (or,·in·some·cases,·to·get·an·output·file·in·spite·of·the·error). | 95 | (or,·in·some·cases,·to·get·an·output·file·in·spite·of·the·error). |
| 93 | .PP | 96 | .PP |
| 94 | The·GNU·linker·\fBld\fR·is·meant·to·cover·a·broad·range·of·situations, | 97 | The·GNU·linker·\fBld\fR·is·meant·to·cover·a·broad·range·of·situations, |
| 95 | and·to·be·as·compatible·as·possible·with·other·linkers.··As·a·result, | 98 | and·to·be·as·compatible·as·possible·with·other·linkers.··As·a·result, |
| 96 | you·have·many·choices·to·control·its·behavior. | 99 | you·have·many·choices·to·control·its·behavior. |
| 97 | .SH·OPTIONS | 100 | .SH·OPTIONS |
| 98 | .IX·Header·"OPTIONS" | 101 | .IX·Header·"OPTIONS" |
| 99 | The·linker·supports·a·plethora·of·command-line·options,·but·in·actual | 102 | The·linker·supports·a·plethora·of·command\-line·options,·but·in·actual |
| 100 | practice·few·of·them·are·used·in·any·particular·context. | 103 | practice·few·of·them·are·used·in·any·particular·context. |
| 101 | For·instance,·a·frequent·use·of·\fBld\fR·is·to·link·standard·Unix | 104 | For·instance,·a·frequent·use·of·\fBld\fR·is·to·link·standard·Unix |
| 102 | object·files·on·a·standard,·supported·Unix·system.··On·such·a·system,·to | 105 | object·files·on·a·standard,·supported·Unix·system.··On·such·a·system,·to |
| 103 | link·a·file·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR: | 106 | link·a·file·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR: |
| 104 | .PP | 107 | .PP |
| 105 | .Vb·1 | 108 | .Vb·1 |
| 106 | \&········ld·\-o·<output>·/lib/crt0.o·hello.o·\-lc | 109 | \&········ld·\-o·<output>·/lib/crt0.o·hello.o·\-lc |
| 107 | .Ve | 110 | .Ve |
| 108 | .PP | 111 | .PP |
| 109 | This·tells·\fBld\fR·to·produce·a·file·called·\fIoutput\fR·as·the | 112 | This·tells·\fBld\fR·to·produce·a·file·called·\fIoutput\fR·as·the |
| 110 | result·of·linking·the·file·\f(CW\*(C`/lib/crt0.o\*(C'\fR·with·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR·and | 113 | result·of·linking·the·file·\f(CW\*(C`/lib/crt0.o\*(C'\fR·with·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR·and |
| 111 | the·library·\f(CW\*(C`libc.a\*(C'\fR,·which·will·come·from·the·standard·search | 114 | the·library·\f(CW\*(C`libc.a\*(C'\fR,·which·will·come·from·the·standard·search |
| 112 | directories.··(See·the·discussion·of·the·\fB\-l\fR·option·below.) | 115 | directories.··(See·the·discussion·of·the·\fB\-l\fR·option·below.) |
| 113 | .PP | 116 | .PP |
| 114 | Some·of·the·command-line·options·to·\fBld\fR·may·be·specified·at·any | 117 | Some·of·the·command\-line·options·to·\fBld\fR·may·be·specified·at·any |
| 115 | point·in·the·command·line.··However,·options·which·refer·to·files,·such | 118 | point·in·the·command·line.··However,·options·which·refer·to·files,·such |
| 116 | as·\fB\-l\fR·or·\fB\-T\fR,·cause·the·file·to·be·read·at·the·point·at | 119 | as·\fB\-l\fR·or·\fB\-T\fR,·cause·the·file·to·be·read·at·the·point·at |
| 117 | which·the·option·appears·in·the·command·line,·relative·to·the·object | 120 | which·the·option·appears·in·the·command·line,·relative·to·the·object |
| 118 | files·and·other·file·options.··Repeating·non-file·options·with·a | 121 | files·and·other·file·options.··Repeating·non\-file·options·with·a |
| 119 | different·argument·will·either·have·no·further·effect,·or·override·prior | 122 | different·argument·will·either·have·no·further·effect,·or·override·prior |
| 120 | occurrences·(those·further·to·the·left·on·the·command·line)·of·that | 123 | occurrences·(those·further·to·the·left·on·the·command·line)·of·that |
| 121 | option.··Options·which·may·be·meaningfully·specified·more·than·once·are | 124 | option.··Options·which·may·be·meaningfully·specified·more·than·once·are |
| 122 | noted·in·the·descriptions·below. | 125 | noted·in·the·descriptions·below. |
| 123 | .PP | 126 | .PP |
| 124 | Non-option·arguments·are·object·files·or·archives·which·are·to·be·linked | 127 | Non\-option·arguments·are·object·files·or·archives·which·are·to·be·linked |
| 125 | together.··They·may·follow,·precede,·or·be·mixed·in·with·command-line | 128 | together.··They·may·follow,·precede,·or·be·mixed·in·with·command\-line |
| 126 | options,·except·that·an·object·file·argument·may·not·be·placed·between | 129 | options,·except·that·an·object·file·argument·may·not·be·placed·between |
| 127 | an·option·and·its·argument. | 130 | an·option·and·its·argument. |
| 128 | .PP | 131 | .PP |
| 129 | Usually·the·linker·is·invoked·with·at·least·one·object·file,·but·you·can | 132 | Usually·the·linker·is·invoked·with·at·least·one·object·file,·but·you·can |
| 130 | specify·other·forms·of·binary·input·files·using·\fB\-l\fR,·\fB\-R\fR, | 133 | specify·other·forms·of·binary·input·files·using·\fB\-l\fR,·\fB\-R\fR, |
| 131 | and·the·script·command·language.··If·\fIno\fR·binary·input·files·at·all | 134 | and·the·script·command·language.··If·\fIno\fR·binary·input·files·at·all |
| 132 | are·specified,·the·linker·does·not·produce·any·output,·and·issues·the | 135 | are·specified,·the·linker·does·not·produce·any·output,·and·issues·the |
| Offset 148, 53 lines modified | Offset 151, 53 lines modified | ||
| 148 | option·arguments·must·either·follow·the·option·letter·without·intervening | 151 | option·arguments·must·either·follow·the·option·letter·without·intervening |
| 149 | whitespace,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments·immediately·following·the | 152 | whitespace,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments·immediately·following·the |
| 150 | option·that·requires·them. | 153 | option·that·requires·them. |
| 151 | .PP | 154 | .PP |
| 152 | For·options·whose·names·are·multiple·letters,·either·one·dash·or·two·can | 155 | For·options·whose·names·are·multiple·letters,·either·one·dash·or·two·can |
| 153 | precede·the·option·name;·for·example,·\fB\-trace\-symbol\fR·and | 156 | precede·the·option·name;·for·example,·\fB\-trace\-symbol\fR·and |
| 154 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol\fR·are·equivalent.··Note\-\-\-there·is·one·exception·to | 157 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol\fR·are·equivalent.··Note\-\-\-there·is·one·exception·to |
| 155 | this·rule.··Multiple·letter·options·that·start·with·a·lower·case· | 158 | this·rule.··Multiple·letter·options·that·start·with·a·lower·case·\*(Aqo\*(Aq·can |
| 156 | only·be·preceded·by·two·dashes.··This·is·to·reduce·confusion·with·the | 159 | only·be·preceded·by·two·dashes.··This·is·to·reduce·confusion·with·the |
| 157 | \&\fB\-o\fR·option.··So·for·example·\fB\-omagic\fR·sets·the·output·file | 160 | \&\fB\-o\fR·option.··So·for·example·\fB\-omagic\fR·sets·the·output·file |
| 158 | name·to·\fBmagic\fR·whereas·\fB\-\-omagic\fR·sets·the·NMAGIC·flag·on·the | 161 | name·to·\fBmagic\fR·whereas·\fB\-\-omagic\fR·sets·the·NMAGIC·flag·on·the |
| 159 | output. | 162 | output. |
| 160 | .PP | 163 | .PP |
| 161 | Arguments·to·multiple-letter·options·must·either·be·separated·from·the | 164 | Arguments·to·multiple\-letter·options·must·either·be·separated·from·the |
| 162 | option·name·by·an·equals·sign,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments | 165 | option·name·by·an·equals·sign,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments |
| 163 | immediately·following·the·option·that·requires·them.··For·example, | 166 | immediately·following·the·option·that·requires·them.··For·example, |
| 164 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol·foo\fR·and·\fB\-\-trace\-symbol=foo\fR·are·equivalent. | 167 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol·foo\fR·and·\fB\-\-trace\-symbol=foo\fR·are·equivalent. |
| 165 | Unique·abbreviations·of·the·names·of·multiple-letter·options·are | 168 | Unique·abbreviations·of·the·names·of·multiple\-letter·options·are |
| 166 | accepted. | 169 | accepted. |
| 167 | .PP | 170 | .PP |
| 168 | Note\-\-\-if·the·linker·is·being·invoked·indirectly,·via·a·compiler·driver | 171 | Note\-\-\-if·the·linker·is·being·invoked·indirectly,·via·a·compiler·driver |
| 169 | (e.g.·\fBgcc\fR)·then·all·the·linker·command-line·options·should·be | 172 | (e.g.·\fBgcc\fR)·then·all·the·linker·command\-line·options·should·be |
| 170 | prefixed·by·\fB\-Wl,\fR·(or·whatever·is·appropriate·for·the·particular | 173 | prefixed·by·\fB\-Wl,\fR·(or·whatever·is·appropriate·for·the·particular |
| 171 | compiler·driver)·like·this: | 174 | compiler·driver)·like·this: |
| 172 | .PP | 175 | .PP |
| 173 | .Vb·1 | 176 | .Vb·1 |
| 174 | \&··········gcc·\-Wl,\-\-start\-group·foo.o·bar.o·\-Wl,\-\-end\-group | 177 | \&··········gcc·\-Wl,\-\-start\-group·foo.o·bar.o·\-Wl,\-\-end\-group |
| 175 | .Ve | 178 | .Ve |
| 176 | .PP | 179 | .PP |
| 177 | This·is·important,·because·otherwise·the·compiler·driver·program·may | 180 | This·is·important,·because·otherwise·the·compiler·driver·program·may |
| 178 | silently·drop·the·linker·options,·resulting·in·a·bad·link.··Confusion | 181 | silently·drop·the·linker·options,·resulting·in·a·bad·link.··Confusion |
| 179 | may·also·arise·when·passing·options·that·require·values·through·a | 182 | may·also·arise·when·passing·options·that·require·values·through·a |
| 180 | driver,·as·the·use·of·a·space·between·option·and·argument·acts·as | 183 | driver,·as·the·use·of·a·space·between·option·and·argument·acts·as |
| 181 | a·separator,·and·causes·the·driver·to·pass·only·the·option·to·the·linker | 184 | a·separator,·and·causes·the·driver·to·pass·only·the·option·to·the·linker |
| 182 | and·the·argument·to·the·compiler.··In·this·case,·it·is·simplest·to·use | 185 | and·the·argument·to·the·compiler.··In·this·case,·it·is·simplest·to·use |
| 183 | the·joined·forms·of·both·single\-·and·multiple-letter·options,·such·as: | 186 | the·joined·forms·of·both·single\-·and·multiple\-letter·options,·such·as: |
| 184 | .PP | 187 | .PP |
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| 38 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····5720·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-dlltool.1.gz | 38 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····5720·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-dlltool.1.gz |
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| 40 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····2557·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-elfedit.1.gz | 40 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····2557·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-elfedit.1.gz |
| 41 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····7943·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-gprof.1.gz | 41 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····7943·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-gprof.1.gz |
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| 43 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····7084·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-nm.1.gz | 43 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····7084·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-nm.1.gz |
| 44 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····14200·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-objcopy.1.gz | 44 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····14200·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-objcopy.1.gz |
| 45 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····14901·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-objdump.1.gz | 45 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)····14901·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-objdump.1.gz |
| 46 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····2144·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-ranlib.1.gz | 46 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····2144·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-ranlib.1.gz |
| 47 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····8507·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-readelf.1.gz | 47 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····8507·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-readelf.1.gz |
| 48 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····3015·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-size.1.gz | 48 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····3015·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-size.1.gz |
| 49 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····3806·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-strings.1.gz | 49 | -rw-r--r--···0·root·········(0)·root·········(0)·····3806·2024-10-26·18:03:55.000000·./usr/share/man/man1/x86_64-w64-mingw32ucrt-strings.1.gz |
| Offset 1, 9 lines modified | Offset 1, 9 lines modified | ||
| 1 | .\"·-*-·mode:·troff;·coding:·utf-8·-*- | 1 | .\"·-*-·mode:·troff;·coding:·utf-8·-*- |
| 2 | .\"·Automatically·generated·by·Pod::Man· | 2 | .\"·Automatically·generated·by·Pod::Man·v6.0.2·(Pod::Simple·3.45) |
| 3 | .\" | 3 | .\" |
| 4 | .\"·Standard·preamble: | 4 | .\"·Standard·preamble: |
| 5 | .\"·======================================================================== | 5 | .\"·======================================================================== |
| 6 | .de·Sp·\"·Vertical·space·(when·we·can't·use·.PP) | 6 | .de·Sp·\"·Vertical·space·(when·we·can't·use·.PP) |
| 7 | .if·t·.sp·.5v | 7 | .if·t·.sp·.5v |
| 8 | .if·n·.sp | 8 | .if·n·.sp |
| 9 | .. | 9 | .. |
| Offset 48, 18 lines modified | Offset 48, 21 lines modified | ||
| 48 | .········if·!\nF==2·\{\ | 48 | .········if·!\nF==2·\{\ |
| 49 | .············nr·%·0 | 49 | .············nr·%·0 |
| 50 | .············nr·F·2 | 50 | .············nr·F·2 |
| 51 | .········\} | 51 | .········\} |
| 52 | .····\} | 52 | .····\} |
| 53 | .\} | 53 | .\} |
| 54 | .rr·rF | 54 | .rr·rF |
| 55 | .\" | ||
| 56 | .\"·Required·to·disable·full·justification·in·groff·1.23.0. | ||
| 57 | .if·n·.ds·AD·l | ||
| 55 | .\"·======================================================================== | 58 | .\"·======================================================================== |
| 56 | .\" | 59 | .\" |
| 57 | .IX·Title·"LD·1" | 60 | .IX·Title·"LD·1" |
| 58 | .TH·LD·1·202 | 61 | .TH·LD·1·2025-02-02·binutils-2.44·"GNU·Development·Tools" |
| 59 | .\"·For·nroff,·turn·off·justification.··Always·turn·off·hyphenation;·it·makes | 62 | .\"·For·nroff,·turn·off·justification.··Always·turn·off·hyphenation;·it·makes |
| 60 | .\"·way·too·many·mistakes·in·technical·documents. | 63 | .\"·way·too·many·mistakes·in·technical·documents. |
| 61 | .if·n·.ad·l | 64 | .if·n·.ad·l |
| 62 | .nh | 65 | .nh |
| 63 | .SH·NAME | 66 | .SH·NAME |
| 64 | ld·\-·The·GNU·linker | 67 | ld·\-·The·GNU·linker |
| 65 | .SH·SYNOPSIS | 68 | .SH·SYNOPSIS |
| Offset 68, 15 lines modified | Offset 71, 15 lines modified | ||
| 68 | .SH·DESCRIPTION | 71 | .SH·DESCRIPTION |
| 69 | .IX·Header·"DESCRIPTION" | 72 | .IX·Header·"DESCRIPTION" |
| 70 | \&\fBld\fR·combines·a·number·of·object·and·archive·files,·relocates | 73 | \&\fBld\fR·combines·a·number·of·object·and·archive·files,·relocates |
| 71 | their·data·and·ties·up·symbol·references.·Usually·the·last·step·in | 74 | their·data·and·ties·up·symbol·references.·Usually·the·last·step·in |
| 72 | compiling·a·program·is·to·run·\fBld\fR. | 75 | compiling·a·program·is·to·run·\fBld\fR. |
| 73 | .PP | 76 | .PP |
| 74 | \&\fBld\fR·accepts·Linker·Command·Language·files·written·in | 77 | \&\fBld\fR·accepts·Linker·Command·Language·files·written·in |
| 75 | a·superset·of·AT&T | 78 | a·superset·of·AT&T\*(Aqs·Link·Editor·Command·Language·syntax, |
| 76 | to·provide·explicit·and·total·control·over·the·linking·process. | 79 | to·provide·explicit·and·total·control·over·the·linking·process. |
| 77 | .PP | 80 | .PP |
| 78 | This·man·page·does·not·describe·the·command·language;·see·the | 81 | This·man·page·does·not·describe·the·command·language;·see·the |
| 79 | \&\fBld\fR·entry·in·\f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR·for·full·details·on·the·command | 82 | \&\fBld\fR·entry·in·\f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR·for·full·details·on·the·command |
| 80 | language·and·on·other·aspects·of·the·GNU·linker. | 83 | language·and·on·other·aspects·of·the·GNU·linker. |
| 81 | .PP | 84 | .PP |
| 82 | This·version·of·\fBld\fR·uses·the·general·purpose·BFD·libraries | 85 | This·version·of·\fBld\fR·uses·the·general·purpose·BFD·libraries |
| Offset 92, 41 lines modified | Offset 95, 41 lines modified | ||
| 92 | (or,·in·some·cases,·to·get·an·output·file·in·spite·of·the·error). | 95 | (or,·in·some·cases,·to·get·an·output·file·in·spite·of·the·error). |
| 93 | .PP | 96 | .PP |
| 94 | The·GNU·linker·\fBld\fR·is·meant·to·cover·a·broad·range·of·situations, | 97 | The·GNU·linker·\fBld\fR·is·meant·to·cover·a·broad·range·of·situations, |
| 95 | and·to·be·as·compatible·as·possible·with·other·linkers.··As·a·result, | 98 | and·to·be·as·compatible·as·possible·with·other·linkers.··As·a·result, |
| 96 | you·have·many·choices·to·control·its·behavior. | 99 | you·have·many·choices·to·control·its·behavior. |
| 97 | .SH·OPTIONS | 100 | .SH·OPTIONS |
| 98 | .IX·Header·"OPTIONS" | 101 | .IX·Header·"OPTIONS" |
| 99 | The·linker·supports·a·plethora·of·command-line·options,·but·in·actual | 102 | The·linker·supports·a·plethora·of·command\-line·options,·but·in·actual |
| 100 | practice·few·of·them·are·used·in·any·particular·context. | 103 | practice·few·of·them·are·used·in·any·particular·context. |
| 101 | For·instance,·a·frequent·use·of·\fBld\fR·is·to·link·standard·Unix | 104 | For·instance,·a·frequent·use·of·\fBld\fR·is·to·link·standard·Unix |
| 102 | object·files·on·a·standard,·supported·Unix·system.··On·such·a·system,·to | 105 | object·files·on·a·standard,·supported·Unix·system.··On·such·a·system,·to |
| 103 | link·a·file·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR: | 106 | link·a·file·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR: |
| 104 | .PP | 107 | .PP |
| 105 | .Vb·1 | 108 | .Vb·1 |
| 106 | \&········ld·\-o·<output>·/lib/crt0.o·hello.o·\-lc | 109 | \&········ld·\-o·<output>·/lib/crt0.o·hello.o·\-lc |
| 107 | .Ve | 110 | .Ve |
| 108 | .PP | 111 | .PP |
| 109 | This·tells·\fBld\fR·to·produce·a·file·called·\fIoutput\fR·as·the | 112 | This·tells·\fBld\fR·to·produce·a·file·called·\fIoutput\fR·as·the |
| 110 | result·of·linking·the·file·\f(CW\*(C`/lib/crt0.o\*(C'\fR·with·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR·and | 113 | result·of·linking·the·file·\f(CW\*(C`/lib/crt0.o\*(C'\fR·with·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR·and |
| 111 | the·library·\f(CW\*(C`libc.a\*(C'\fR,·which·will·come·from·the·standard·search | 114 | the·library·\f(CW\*(C`libc.a\*(C'\fR,·which·will·come·from·the·standard·search |
| 112 | directories.··(See·the·discussion·of·the·\fB\-l\fR·option·below.) | 115 | directories.··(See·the·discussion·of·the·\fB\-l\fR·option·below.) |
| 113 | .PP | 116 | .PP |
| 114 | Some·of·the·command-line·options·to·\fBld\fR·may·be·specified·at·any | 117 | Some·of·the·command\-line·options·to·\fBld\fR·may·be·specified·at·any |
| 115 | point·in·the·command·line.··However,·options·which·refer·to·files,·such | 118 | point·in·the·command·line.··However,·options·which·refer·to·files,·such |
| 116 | as·\fB\-l\fR·or·\fB\-T\fR,·cause·the·file·to·be·read·at·the·point·at | 119 | as·\fB\-l\fR·or·\fB\-T\fR,·cause·the·file·to·be·read·at·the·point·at |
| 117 | which·the·option·appears·in·the·command·line,·relative·to·the·object | 120 | which·the·option·appears·in·the·command·line,·relative·to·the·object |
| 118 | files·and·other·file·options.··Repeating·non-file·options·with·a | 121 | files·and·other·file·options.··Repeating·non\-file·options·with·a |
| 119 | different·argument·will·either·have·no·further·effect,·or·override·prior | 122 | different·argument·will·either·have·no·further·effect,·or·override·prior |
| 120 | occurrences·(those·further·to·the·left·on·the·command·line)·of·that | 123 | occurrences·(those·further·to·the·left·on·the·command·line)·of·that |
| 121 | option.··Options·which·may·be·meaningfully·specified·more·than·once·are | 124 | option.··Options·which·may·be·meaningfully·specified·more·than·once·are |
| 122 | noted·in·the·descriptions·below. | 125 | noted·in·the·descriptions·below. |
| 123 | .PP | 126 | .PP |
| 124 | Non-option·arguments·are·object·files·or·archives·which·are·to·be·linked | 127 | Non\-option·arguments·are·object·files·or·archives·which·are·to·be·linked |
| 125 | together.··They·may·follow,·precede,·or·be·mixed·in·with·command-line | 128 | together.··They·may·follow,·precede,·or·be·mixed·in·with·command\-line |
| 126 | options,·except·that·an·object·file·argument·may·not·be·placed·between | 129 | options,·except·that·an·object·file·argument·may·not·be·placed·between |
| 127 | an·option·and·its·argument. | 130 | an·option·and·its·argument. |
| 128 | .PP | 131 | .PP |
| 129 | Usually·the·linker·is·invoked·with·at·least·one·object·file,·but·you·can | 132 | Usually·the·linker·is·invoked·with·at·least·one·object·file,·but·you·can |
| 130 | specify·other·forms·of·binary·input·files·using·\fB\-l\fR,·\fB\-R\fR, | 133 | specify·other·forms·of·binary·input·files·using·\fB\-l\fR,·\fB\-R\fR, |
| 131 | and·the·script·command·language.··If·\fIno\fR·binary·input·files·at·all | 134 | and·the·script·command·language.··If·\fIno\fR·binary·input·files·at·all |
| 132 | are·specified,·the·linker·does·not·produce·any·output,·and·issues·the | 135 | are·specified,·the·linker·does·not·produce·any·output,·and·issues·the |
| Offset 148, 53 lines modified | Offset 151, 53 lines modified | ||
| 148 | option·arguments·must·either·follow·the·option·letter·without·intervening | 151 | option·arguments·must·either·follow·the·option·letter·without·intervening |
| 149 | whitespace,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments·immediately·following·the | 152 | whitespace,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments·immediately·following·the |
| 150 | option·that·requires·them. | 153 | option·that·requires·them. |
| 151 | .PP | 154 | .PP |
| 152 | For·options·whose·names·are·multiple·letters,·either·one·dash·or·two·can | 155 | For·options·whose·names·are·multiple·letters,·either·one·dash·or·two·can |
| 153 | precede·the·option·name;·for·example,·\fB\-trace\-symbol\fR·and | 156 | precede·the·option·name;·for·example,·\fB\-trace\-symbol\fR·and |
| 154 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol\fR·are·equivalent.··Note\-\-\-there·is·one·exception·to | 157 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol\fR·are·equivalent.··Note\-\-\-there·is·one·exception·to |
| 155 | this·rule.··Multiple·letter·options·that·start·with·a·lower·case· | 158 | this·rule.··Multiple·letter·options·that·start·with·a·lower·case·\*(Aqo\*(Aq·can |
| 156 | only·be·preceded·by·two·dashes.··This·is·to·reduce·confusion·with·the | 159 | only·be·preceded·by·two·dashes.··This·is·to·reduce·confusion·with·the |
| 157 | \&\fB\-o\fR·option.··So·for·example·\fB\-omagic\fR·sets·the·output·file | 160 | \&\fB\-o\fR·option.··So·for·example·\fB\-omagic\fR·sets·the·output·file |
| 158 | name·to·\fBmagic\fR·whereas·\fB\-\-omagic\fR·sets·the·NMAGIC·flag·on·the | 161 | name·to·\fBmagic\fR·whereas·\fB\-\-omagic\fR·sets·the·NMAGIC·flag·on·the |
| 159 | output. | 162 | output. |
| 160 | .PP | 163 | .PP |
| 161 | Arguments·to·multiple-letter·options·must·either·be·separated·from·the | 164 | Arguments·to·multiple\-letter·options·must·either·be·separated·from·the |
| 162 | option·name·by·an·equals·sign,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments | 165 | option·name·by·an·equals·sign,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments |
| 163 | immediately·following·the·option·that·requires·them.··For·example, | 166 | immediately·following·the·option·that·requires·them.··For·example, |
| 164 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol·foo\fR·and·\fB\-\-trace\-symbol=foo\fR·are·equivalent. | 167 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol·foo\fR·and·\fB\-\-trace\-symbol=foo\fR·are·equivalent. |
| 165 | Unique·abbreviations·of·the·names·of·multiple-letter·options·are | 168 | Unique·abbreviations·of·the·names·of·multiple\-letter·options·are |
| 166 | accepted. | 169 | accepted. |
| 167 | .PP | 170 | .PP |
| 168 | Note\-\-\-if·the·linker·is·being·invoked·indirectly,·via·a·compiler·driver | 171 | Note\-\-\-if·the·linker·is·being·invoked·indirectly,·via·a·compiler·driver |
| 169 | (e.g.·\fBgcc\fR)·then·all·the·linker·command-line·options·should·be | 172 | (e.g.·\fBgcc\fR)·then·all·the·linker·command\-line·options·should·be |
| 170 | prefixed·by·\fB\-Wl,\fR·(or·whatever·is·appropriate·for·the·particular | 173 | prefixed·by·\fB\-Wl,\fR·(or·whatever·is·appropriate·for·the·particular |
| 171 | compiler·driver)·like·this: | 174 | compiler·driver)·like·this: |
| 172 | .PP | 175 | .PP |
| 173 | .Vb·1 | 176 | .Vb·1 |
| 174 | \&··········gcc·\-Wl,\-\-start\-group·foo.o·bar.o·\-Wl,\-\-end\-group | 177 | \&··········gcc·\-Wl,\-\-start\-group·foo.o·bar.o·\-Wl,\-\-end\-group |
| 175 | .Ve | 178 | .Ve |
| 176 | .PP | 179 | .PP |
| 177 | This·is·important,·because·otherwise·the·compiler·driver·program·may | 180 | This·is·important,·because·otherwise·the·compiler·driver·program·may |
| 178 | silently·drop·the·linker·options,·resulting·in·a·bad·link.··Confusion | 181 | silently·drop·the·linker·options,·resulting·in·a·bad·link.··Confusion |
| 179 | may·also·arise·when·passing·options·that·require·values·through·a | 182 | may·also·arise·when·passing·options·that·require·values·through·a |
| 180 | driver,·as·the·use·of·a·space·between·option·and·argument·acts·as | 183 | driver,·as·the·use·of·a·space·between·option·and·argument·acts·as |
| 181 | a·separator,·and·causes·the·driver·to·pass·only·the·option·to·the·linker | 184 | a·separator,·and·causes·the·driver·to·pass·only·the·option·to·the·linker |
| 182 | and·the·argument·to·the·compiler.··In·this·case,·it·is·simplest·to·use | 185 | and·the·argument·to·the·compiler.··In·this·case,·it·is·simplest·to·use |
| 183 | the·joined·forms·of·both·single\-·and·multiple-letter·options,·such·as: | 186 | the·joined·forms·of·both·single\-·and·multiple\-letter·options,·such·as: |
| 184 | .PP | 187 | .PP |
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| Offset 1, 9 lines modified | Offset 1, 9 lines modified | ||
| 1 | .\"·-*-·mode:·troff;·coding:·utf-8·-*- | 1 | .\"·-*-·mode:·troff;·coding:·utf-8·-*- |
| 2 | .\"·Automatically·generated·by·Pod::Man· | 2 | .\"·Automatically·generated·by·Pod::Man·v6.0.2·(Pod::Simple·3.45) |
| 3 | .\" | 3 | .\" |
| 4 | .\"·Standard·preamble: | 4 | .\"·Standard·preamble: |
| 5 | .\"·======================================================================== | 5 | .\"·======================================================================== |
| 6 | .de·Sp·\"·Vertical·space·(when·we·can't·use·.PP) | 6 | .de·Sp·\"·Vertical·space·(when·we·can't·use·.PP) |
| 7 | .if·t·.sp·.5v | 7 | .if·t·.sp·.5v |
| 8 | .if·n·.sp | 8 | .if·n·.sp |
| 9 | .. | 9 | .. |
| Offset 48, 18 lines modified | Offset 48, 21 lines modified | ||
| 48 | .········if·!\nF==2·\{\ | 48 | .········if·!\nF==2·\{\ |
| 49 | .············nr·%·0 | 49 | .············nr·%·0 |
| 50 | .············nr·F·2 | 50 | .············nr·F·2 |
| 51 | .········\} | 51 | .········\} |
| 52 | .····\} | 52 | .····\} |
| 53 | .\} | 53 | .\} |
| 54 | .rr·rF | 54 | .rr·rF |
| 55 | .\" | ||
| 56 | .\"·Required·to·disable·full·justification·in·groff·1.23.0. | ||
| 57 | .if·n·.ds·AD·l | ||
| 55 | .\"·======================================================================== | 58 | .\"·======================================================================== |
| 56 | .\" | 59 | .\" |
| 57 | .IX·Title·"LD·1" | 60 | .IX·Title·"LD·1" |
| 58 | .TH·LD·1·202 | 61 | .TH·LD·1·2025-02-02·binutils-2.44·"GNU·Development·Tools" |
| 59 | .\"·For·nroff,·turn·off·justification.··Always·turn·off·hyphenation;·it·makes | 62 | .\"·For·nroff,·turn·off·justification.··Always·turn·off·hyphenation;·it·makes |
| 60 | .\"·way·too·many·mistakes·in·technical·documents. | 63 | .\"·way·too·many·mistakes·in·technical·documents. |
| 61 | .if·n·.ad·l | 64 | .if·n·.ad·l |
| 62 | .nh | 65 | .nh |
| 63 | .SH·NAME | 66 | .SH·NAME |
| 64 | ld·\-·The·GNU·linker | 67 | ld·\-·The·GNU·linker |
| 65 | .SH·SYNOPSIS | 68 | .SH·SYNOPSIS |
| Offset 68, 15 lines modified | Offset 71, 15 lines modified | ||
| 68 | .SH·DESCRIPTION | 71 | .SH·DESCRIPTION |
| 69 | .IX·Header·"DESCRIPTION" | 72 | .IX·Header·"DESCRIPTION" |
| 70 | \&\fBld\fR·combines·a·number·of·object·and·archive·files,·relocates | 73 | \&\fBld\fR·combines·a·number·of·object·and·archive·files,·relocates |
| 71 | their·data·and·ties·up·symbol·references.·Usually·the·last·step·in | 74 | their·data·and·ties·up·symbol·references.·Usually·the·last·step·in |
| 72 | compiling·a·program·is·to·run·\fBld\fR. | 75 | compiling·a·program·is·to·run·\fBld\fR. |
| 73 | .PP | 76 | .PP |
| 74 | \&\fBld\fR·accepts·Linker·Command·Language·files·written·in | 77 | \&\fBld\fR·accepts·Linker·Command·Language·files·written·in |
| 75 | a·superset·of·AT&T | 78 | a·superset·of·AT&T\*(Aqs·Link·Editor·Command·Language·syntax, |
| 76 | to·provide·explicit·and·total·control·over·the·linking·process. | 79 | to·provide·explicit·and·total·control·over·the·linking·process. |
| 77 | .PP | 80 | .PP |
| 78 | This·man·page·does·not·describe·the·command·language;·see·the | 81 | This·man·page·does·not·describe·the·command·language;·see·the |
| 79 | \&\fBld\fR·entry·in·\f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR·for·full·details·on·the·command | 82 | \&\fBld\fR·entry·in·\f(CW\*(C`info\*(C'\fR·for·full·details·on·the·command |
| 80 | language·and·on·other·aspects·of·the·GNU·linker. | 83 | language·and·on·other·aspects·of·the·GNU·linker. |
| 81 | .PP | 84 | .PP |
| 82 | This·version·of·\fBld\fR·uses·the·general·purpose·BFD·libraries | 85 | This·version·of·\fBld\fR·uses·the·general·purpose·BFD·libraries |
| Offset 92, 41 lines modified | Offset 95, 41 lines modified | ||
| 92 | (or,·in·some·cases,·to·get·an·output·file·in·spite·of·the·error). | 95 | (or,·in·some·cases,·to·get·an·output·file·in·spite·of·the·error). |
| 93 | .PP | 96 | .PP |
| 94 | The·GNU·linker·\fBld\fR·is·meant·to·cover·a·broad·range·of·situations, | 97 | The·GNU·linker·\fBld\fR·is·meant·to·cover·a·broad·range·of·situations, |
| 95 | and·to·be·as·compatible·as·possible·with·other·linkers.··As·a·result, | 98 | and·to·be·as·compatible·as·possible·with·other·linkers.··As·a·result, |
| 96 | you·have·many·choices·to·control·its·behavior. | 99 | you·have·many·choices·to·control·its·behavior. |
| 97 | .SH·OPTIONS | 100 | .SH·OPTIONS |
| 98 | .IX·Header·"OPTIONS" | 101 | .IX·Header·"OPTIONS" |
| 99 | The·linker·supports·a·plethora·of·command-line·options,·but·in·actual | 102 | The·linker·supports·a·plethora·of·command\-line·options,·but·in·actual |
| 100 | practice·few·of·them·are·used·in·any·particular·context. | 103 | practice·few·of·them·are·used·in·any·particular·context. |
| 101 | For·instance,·a·frequent·use·of·\fBld\fR·is·to·link·standard·Unix | 104 | For·instance,·a·frequent·use·of·\fBld\fR·is·to·link·standard·Unix |
| 102 | object·files·on·a·standard,·supported·Unix·system.··On·such·a·system,·to | 105 | object·files·on·a·standard,·supported·Unix·system.··On·such·a·system,·to |
| 103 | link·a·file·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR: | 106 | link·a·file·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR: |
| 104 | .PP | 107 | .PP |
| 105 | .Vb·1 | 108 | .Vb·1 |
| 106 | \&········ld·\-o·<output>·/lib/crt0.o·hello.o·\-lc | 109 | \&········ld·\-o·<output>·/lib/crt0.o·hello.o·\-lc |
| 107 | .Ve | 110 | .Ve |
| 108 | .PP | 111 | .PP |
| 109 | This·tells·\fBld\fR·to·produce·a·file·called·\fIoutput\fR·as·the | 112 | This·tells·\fBld\fR·to·produce·a·file·called·\fIoutput\fR·as·the |
| 110 | result·of·linking·the·file·\f(CW\*(C`/lib/crt0.o\*(C'\fR·with·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR·and | 113 | result·of·linking·the·file·\f(CW\*(C`/lib/crt0.o\*(C'\fR·with·\f(CW\*(C`hello.o\*(C'\fR·and |
| 111 | the·library·\f(CW\*(C`libc.a\*(C'\fR,·which·will·come·from·the·standard·search | 114 | the·library·\f(CW\*(C`libc.a\*(C'\fR,·which·will·come·from·the·standard·search |
| 112 | directories.··(See·the·discussion·of·the·\fB\-l\fR·option·below.) | 115 | directories.··(See·the·discussion·of·the·\fB\-l\fR·option·below.) |
| 113 | .PP | 116 | .PP |
| 114 | Some·of·the·command-line·options·to·\fBld\fR·may·be·specified·at·any | 117 | Some·of·the·command\-line·options·to·\fBld\fR·may·be·specified·at·any |
| 115 | point·in·the·command·line.··However,·options·which·refer·to·files,·such | 118 | point·in·the·command·line.··However,·options·which·refer·to·files,·such |
| 116 | as·\fB\-l\fR·or·\fB\-T\fR,·cause·the·file·to·be·read·at·the·point·at | 119 | as·\fB\-l\fR·or·\fB\-T\fR,·cause·the·file·to·be·read·at·the·point·at |
| 117 | which·the·option·appears·in·the·command·line,·relative·to·the·object | 120 | which·the·option·appears·in·the·command·line,·relative·to·the·object |
| 118 | files·and·other·file·options.··Repeating·non-file·options·with·a | 121 | files·and·other·file·options.··Repeating·non\-file·options·with·a |
| 119 | different·argument·will·either·have·no·further·effect,·or·override·prior | 122 | different·argument·will·either·have·no·further·effect,·or·override·prior |
| 120 | occurrences·(those·further·to·the·left·on·the·command·line)·of·that | 123 | occurrences·(those·further·to·the·left·on·the·command·line)·of·that |
| 121 | option.··Options·which·may·be·meaningfully·specified·more·than·once·are | 124 | option.··Options·which·may·be·meaningfully·specified·more·than·once·are |
| 122 | noted·in·the·descriptions·below. | 125 | noted·in·the·descriptions·below. |
| 123 | .PP | 126 | .PP |
| 124 | Non-option·arguments·are·object·files·or·archives·which·are·to·be·linked | 127 | Non\-option·arguments·are·object·files·or·archives·which·are·to·be·linked |
| 125 | together.··They·may·follow,·precede,·or·be·mixed·in·with·command-line | 128 | together.··They·may·follow,·precede,·or·be·mixed·in·with·command\-line |
| 126 | options,·except·that·an·object·file·argument·may·not·be·placed·between | 129 | options,·except·that·an·object·file·argument·may·not·be·placed·between |
| 127 | an·option·and·its·argument. | 130 | an·option·and·its·argument. |
| 128 | .PP | 131 | .PP |
| 129 | Usually·the·linker·is·invoked·with·at·least·one·object·file,·but·you·can | 132 | Usually·the·linker·is·invoked·with·at·least·one·object·file,·but·you·can |
| 130 | specify·other·forms·of·binary·input·files·using·\fB\-l\fR,·\fB\-R\fR, | 133 | specify·other·forms·of·binary·input·files·using·\fB\-l\fR,·\fB\-R\fR, |
| 131 | and·the·script·command·language.··If·\fIno\fR·binary·input·files·at·all | 134 | and·the·script·command·language.··If·\fIno\fR·binary·input·files·at·all |
| 132 | are·specified,·the·linker·does·not·produce·any·output,·and·issues·the | 135 | are·specified,·the·linker·does·not·produce·any·output,·and·issues·the |
| Offset 148, 53 lines modified | Offset 151, 53 lines modified | ||
| 148 | option·arguments·must·either·follow·the·option·letter·without·intervening | 151 | option·arguments·must·either·follow·the·option·letter·without·intervening |
| 149 | whitespace,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments·immediately·following·the | 152 | whitespace,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments·immediately·following·the |
| 150 | option·that·requires·them. | 153 | option·that·requires·them. |
| 151 | .PP | 154 | .PP |
| 152 | For·options·whose·names·are·multiple·letters,·either·one·dash·or·two·can | 155 | For·options·whose·names·are·multiple·letters,·either·one·dash·or·two·can |
| 153 | precede·the·option·name;·for·example,·\fB\-trace\-symbol\fR·and | 156 | precede·the·option·name;·for·example,·\fB\-trace\-symbol\fR·and |
| 154 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol\fR·are·equivalent.··Note\-\-\-there·is·one·exception·to | 157 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol\fR·are·equivalent.··Note\-\-\-there·is·one·exception·to |
| 155 | this·rule.··Multiple·letter·options·that·start·with·a·lower·case· | 158 | this·rule.··Multiple·letter·options·that·start·with·a·lower·case·\*(Aqo\*(Aq·can |
| 156 | only·be·preceded·by·two·dashes.··This·is·to·reduce·confusion·with·the | 159 | only·be·preceded·by·two·dashes.··This·is·to·reduce·confusion·with·the |
| 157 | \&\fB\-o\fR·option.··So·for·example·\fB\-omagic\fR·sets·the·output·file | 160 | \&\fB\-o\fR·option.··So·for·example·\fB\-omagic\fR·sets·the·output·file |
| 158 | name·to·\fBmagic\fR·whereas·\fB\-\-omagic\fR·sets·the·NMAGIC·flag·on·the | 161 | name·to·\fBmagic\fR·whereas·\fB\-\-omagic\fR·sets·the·NMAGIC·flag·on·the |
| 159 | output. | 162 | output. |
| 160 | .PP | 163 | .PP |
| 161 | Arguments·to·multiple-letter·options·must·either·be·separated·from·the | 164 | Arguments·to·multiple\-letter·options·must·either·be·separated·from·the |
| 162 | option·name·by·an·equals·sign,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments | 165 | option·name·by·an·equals·sign,·or·be·given·as·separate·arguments |
| 163 | immediately·following·the·option·that·requires·them.··For·example, | 166 | immediately·following·the·option·that·requires·them.··For·example, |
| 164 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol·foo\fR·and·\fB\-\-trace\-symbol=foo\fR·are·equivalent. | 167 | \&\fB\-\-trace\-symbol·foo\fR·and·\fB\-\-trace\-symbol=foo\fR·are·equivalent. |
| 165 | Unique·abbreviations·of·the·names·of·multiple-letter·options·are | 168 | Unique·abbreviations·of·the·names·of·multiple\-letter·options·are |
| 166 | accepted. | 169 | accepted. |
| 167 | .PP | 170 | .PP |
| 168 | Note\-\-\-if·the·linker·is·being·invoked·indirectly,·via·a·compiler·driver | 171 | Note\-\-\-if·the·linker·is·being·invoked·indirectly,·via·a·compiler·driver |
| 169 | (e.g.·\fBgcc\fR)·then·all·the·linker·command-line·options·should·be | 172 | (e.g.·\fBgcc\fR)·then·all·the·linker·command\-line·options·should·be |
| 170 | prefixed·by·\fB\-Wl,\fR·(or·whatever·is·appropriate·for·the·particular | 173 | prefixed·by·\fB\-Wl,\fR·(or·whatever·is·appropriate·for·the·particular |
| 171 | compiler·driver)·like·this: | 174 | compiler·driver)·like·this: |
| 172 | .PP | 175 | .PP |
| 173 | .Vb·1 | 176 | .Vb·1 |
| 174 | \&··········gcc·\-Wl,\-\-start\-group·foo.o·bar.o·\-Wl,\-\-end\-group | 177 | \&··········gcc·\-Wl,\-\-start\-group·foo.o·bar.o·\-Wl,\-\-end\-group |
| 175 | .Ve | 178 | .Ve |
| 176 | .PP | 179 | .PP |
| 177 | This·is·important,·because·otherwise·the·compiler·driver·program·may | 180 | This·is·important,·because·otherwise·the·compiler·driver·program·may |
| 178 | silently·drop·the·linker·options,·resulting·in·a·bad·link.··Confusion | 181 | silently·drop·the·linker·options,·resulting·in·a·bad·link.··Confusion |
| 179 | may·also·arise·when·passing·options·that·require·values·through·a | 182 | may·also·arise·when·passing·options·that·require·values·through·a |
| 180 | driver,·as·the·use·of·a·space·between·option·and·argument·acts·as | 183 | driver,·as·the·use·of·a·space·between·option·and·argument·acts·as |
| 181 | a·separator,·and·causes·the·driver·to·pass·only·the·option·to·the·linker | 184 | a·separator,·and·causes·the·driver·to·pass·only·the·option·to·the·linker |
| 182 | and·the·argument·to·the·compiler.··In·this·case,·it·is·simplest·to·use | 185 | and·the·argument·to·the·compiler.··In·this·case,·it·is·simplest·to·use |
| 183 | the·joined·forms·of·both·single\-·and·multiple-letter·options,·such·as: | 186 | the·joined·forms·of·both·single\-·and·multiple\-letter·options,·such·as: |
| 184 | .PP | 187 | .PP |
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