{"diffoscope-json-version": 1, "source1": "/srv/reproducible-results/rbuild-debian/r-b-build.iLqTtImz/b1/grub2_2.12-9_amd64.changes", "source2": "/srv/reproducible-results/rbuild-debian/r-b-build.iLqTtImz/b2/grub2_2.12-9_amd64.changes", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "Files", "source2": "Files", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,38 +1,38 @@\n \n 28e68a341725a918c4b62f8b0731e9eb 11821364 debug optional grub-common-dbgsym_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 094ebea750b1c5bd94166d746456f24a 2898928 admin optional grub-common_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- f516d1f1471aa94451266c6762342caf 648408 admin optional grub-coreboot-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ 85257fafbdecc5dcc023d0f4f03b43a2 648428 admin optional grub-coreboot-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n fed0525502b0c412295e026415abc0fa 3113324 debug optional grub-coreboot-dbg_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n ebc45098697ed7592c6ef0841e96ae86 46672 admin optional grub-coreboot_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- 4cfa4cb08b8a3dc94c61e8dad85e0cd4 1053684 admin optional grub-efi-amd64-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ e5c614ab633083e24feb62709cf302dd 1053700 admin optional grub-efi-amd64-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n b8a476b9162fb96702b1ca0a1a4d8b45 3701888 debug optional grub-efi-amd64-dbg_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n cdd3937488bfbfb754dc33fc17896f96 317348 admin optional grub-efi-amd64-signed-template_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- 1e76b68f2a947a0f2fe193e886acf016 1361264 admin optional grub-efi-amd64-unsigned_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ d132c7724f3e14dd58519d0adcd72cc2 1361460 admin optional grub-efi-amd64-unsigned_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 43bb0d8c8c91d7fa01fbf8d3778ff4db 46672 admin optional grub-efi-amd64_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- 69431d7cb4e7ee7a1ef342429418f7cf 691272 admin optional grub-efi-ia32-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ 7904992545a9c55af03cbef366b7f051 691332 admin optional grub-efi-ia32-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 584fcd79c6bfd1cb7571efac68992fb9 3351624 debug optional grub-efi-ia32-dbg_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- 292fd6d3ecc37a782dccbe5700958dd5 1323404 admin optional grub-efi-ia32-unsigned_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ eb509a2ed2488730af7bc49f0e3c4e48 1323472 admin optional grub-efi-ia32-unsigned_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 5d82bb35916b30d9323a2c92bd1c73c8 46692 admin optional grub-efi-ia32_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n c9c63d61e42b180db83718b7e9c27064 2372 admin optional grub-efi_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 51f84ad55a8e2141feb4cd45ec04fea2 2818200 debug optional grub-emu-dbg_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n f2af5c1d535bb942a1c74b7de22d27fe 34580 debug optional grub-emu-dbgsym_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- ddd7908e490b068f695467e57fd78360 3072336 admin optional grub-emu_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- 11d7a80170e3a2f699a1a103df4e8693 927240 admin optional grub-firmware-qemu_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- 1e25b73a714d617b23a510381623784c 635956 admin optional grub-ieee1275-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ 1df451fe5abd649f56463a1011bb4757 3072216 admin optional grub-emu_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ ed5a7d94dcc867b6de2bdfd286111d8c 927240 admin optional grub-firmware-qemu_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ ac275e3c513e339d0124832c66cb99ef 636048 admin optional grub-ieee1275-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n c1d2fc369fdac6ad99ac17abae09f2bf 3045864 debug optional grub-ieee1275-dbg_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n a6f959746d5d4997ae93ac2a645b41a4 46652 admin optional grub-ieee1275_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 3bc77d988d59b884868bd36322f067ff 2360 oldlibs optional grub-linuxbios_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 2602b8f97a3dcde747a6ab41a50791fc 438480 debian-installer optional grub-mount-udeb_2.12-9_amd64.udeb\n 44b684d0a93aa22abc6d77347cb3a34d 1232332 debug optional grub-pc-bin-dbgsym_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- 49e3df91745c1145e385563f85457da9 1021200 admin optional grub-pc-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ 8198cca637e8962f6876e36712601b8a 1021180 admin optional grub-pc-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 81b2c4d79df3b89aaaa8ca4d5228f96f 3274184 debug optional grub-pc-dbg_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 120cd3f15c737dceb08d9d89c3d666ae 128456 admin optional grub-pc_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- 222005fe4f3745f4f4ff0da00d17a0ee 2647836 admin optional grub-rescue-pc_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ 156042ccb1e3b68989c11feb0261e93f 2648148 admin optional grub-rescue-pc_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 5d3585bd1f30ae86c0a5dff71af7cbaf 2156800 admin optional grub-theme-starfield_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- 073c3ae5ef4680d7d6ade9050902fea2 1040636 admin optional grub-xen-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ 5cd3a0340d55a9849b4786696508ae16 1040584 admin optional grub-xen-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 3a5e61a987d01a7ba10050a5384823c2 7890220 debug optional grub-xen-dbg_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- 335481066a53cf22b8d4a86a99983472 1336444 admin optional grub-xen-host_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ b4f956afa8ffd78a8d6d57c259e52b2a 1336584 admin optional grub-xen-host_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 35ef02da29d9d630612c160a52989bcf 46588 admin optional grub-xen_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n d47fbef7c1a3650afe943d6b6a68ccf5 1596808 debug optional grub2-common-dbgsym_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n- cde1907c3340b52fa6e54a59d9ad60a2 642632 admin optional grub2-common_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n+ 0e09430df666298b0d42073102f2b4d6 642624 admin optional grub2-common_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n 344e43c089955b55ead1edd60a7ba4a8 2360 oldlibs optional grub2_2.12-9_amd64.deb\n"}, {"source1": "grub-coreboot-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-coreboot-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 7412 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 640804 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 640824 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -146,15 +146,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3724 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3864 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3648 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3816 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3732 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5804 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4910 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2637 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2635 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2316 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/morse.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 27464 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2392 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1972 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 13872 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 15088 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4152 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/nativedisk.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-coreboot/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=coreboot\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-efi-amd64-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-efi-amd64-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 8140 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1045352 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1045368 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -158,15 +158,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5848 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5944 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5920 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 6000 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5824 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 9120 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5318 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2561 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2559 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3128 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/morse.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 44032 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3592 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2360 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 22000 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 24944 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 6624 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/nativedisk.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=x86_64\n grub_modinfo_platform=efi\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-efi-amd64-unsigned_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-efi-amd64-unsigned_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1236 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1359836 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1360032 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/gcdx64.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/gcdx64.efi", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "objdump", "source2": "objdump", "unified_diff": "@@ -766752,16 +766752,16 @@\n 2349f0:\tlods %ds:(%rsi),%al\n 2349f1:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 2349f3:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 2349f5:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 2349f7:\tadd %dh,0xcd3(%rsi)\n 2349fd:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 2349ff:\tadd %al,(%rax,%rax,4)\n- 234a02:\tpush %rdi\n- 234a03:\tadd $0x0,%al\n+ 234a02:\tscas %es:(%rdi),%al\n+ 234a03:\tor %al,(%rax)\n 234a05:\tadd %ah,%al\n 234a07:\trorl %cl,(%rax,%rax,1)\n \t...\n 23561e:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 235620:\tadd (%rax),%al\n 235622:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 235624:\tsub %al,(%rax)\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubnetx64-installer.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubnetx64-installer.efi", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "objdump", "source2": "objdump", "unified_diff": "@@ -772175,16 +772175,16 @@\n 23904f:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 239051:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 239053:\tadd %ch,-0x2d(%rdx)\n 239056:\tor $0x0,%al\n 239058:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 23905a:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 23905c:\tadd $0x80,%al\n- 23905e:\tpush %rdi\n- 23905f:\tadd $0x0,%al\n+ 23905e:\tscas %es:(%rdi),%al\n+ 23905f:\tor %al,(%rax)\n 239061:\tadd %dl,0xc(%rbx,%rdx,8)\n \t...\n 239cc8:\tadd (%rax),%al\n 239cca:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 239ccc:\tsub %al,(%rax)\n 239cce:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 239cd0:\toutsb %ds:(%rsi),(%dx)\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubnetx64.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubnetx64.efi", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "objdump", "source2": "objdump", "unified_diff": "@@ -772175,16 +772175,16 @@\n 23904f:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 239051:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 239053:\tadd %ch,-0x2d(%rdx)\n 239056:\tor $0x0,%al\n 239058:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 23905a:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 23905c:\tadd $0x80,%al\n- 23905e:\tpush %rdi\n- 23905f:\tadd $0x0,%al\n+ 23905e:\tscas %es:(%rdi),%al\n+ 23905f:\tor %al,(%rax)\n 239061:\tadd %dl,0xc(%rbx,%rdx,8)\n \t...\n 239cc8:\tadd (%rax),%al\n 239cca:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 239ccc:\tsub %al,(%rax)\n 239cce:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 239cd0:\toutsb %ds:(%rsi),(%dx)\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubx64.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-efi/monolithic/grubx64.efi", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "objdump", "source2": "objdump", "unified_diff": "@@ -878303,16 +878303,16 @@\n 28b59a:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 28b59c:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 28b59e:\txchg %eax,%esp\n 28b59f:\trorb %cl,(%rax,%rax,1)\n 28b5a2:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 28b5a4:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 28b5a6:\tadd $0x80,%al\n- 28b5a8:\tpush %rdi\n- 28b5a9:\tadd $0x0,%al\n+ 28b5a8:\tscas %es:(%rdi),%al\n+ 28b5a9:\tor %al,(%rax)\n 28b5ab:\tadd %dh,0xcd2(%rsi)\n \t...\n 28c2ed:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 28c2ef:\tadd %al,(%rbx)\n 28c2f1:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n 28c2f3:\tadd %bl,(%rax)\n 28c2f5:\tadd %al,(%rax)\n"}]}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-efi-ia32-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-efi-ia32-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 7868 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 683212 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 7872 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 683268 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -159,15 +159,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3836 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3996 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3796 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3932 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3864 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 6800 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5340 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2604 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2602 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2320 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/morse.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 28648 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2404 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1996 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14404 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 16100 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4292 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/nativedisk.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=efi\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-efi-ia32-unsigned_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-efi-ia32-unsigned_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1236 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1321976 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1322044 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/gcdia32.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/gcdia32.efi", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -115859,15 +115859,15 @@\n 001c4920: 6f64 652e 7066 3201 0000 0000 0000 0001 ode.pf2.........\n 001c4930: 0000 006c 0000 0001 0004 0066 6f6e 7473 ...l.......fonts\n 001c4940: 8c00 0200 0200 0700 6772 7562 2e63 6667 ........grub.cfg\n 001c4950: 1080 acd1 0c00 0000 0000 ec00 0000 0000 ................\n 001c4960: 0000 9cd3 0c00 0000 0000 2080 6c00 0000 .......... .l...\n 001c4970: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 8c00 0000 ................\n 001c4980: 0000 0000 ac00 0000 0000 0000 b6d3 0c00 ................\n-001c4990: 0000 0000 0480 5704 0000 e0d3 0c00 0000 ......W.........\n+001c4990: 0000 0000 0480 ae08 0000 e0d3 0c00 0000 ................\n 001c49a0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c49b0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c49c0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c49d0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c49e0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c49f0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c4a00: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/grubia32.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/grubia32.efi", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -135545,15 +135545,15 @@\n 00211780: ed01 0000 0000 67b1 6668 0300 0000 0000 ......g.fh......\n 00211790: 0000 0300 0000 1c00 1f00 0400 0000 3880 ..............8.\n 002117a0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0200 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 002117b0: 0200 0a00 756e 6963 6f64 652e 7066 3200 ....unicode.pf2.\n 002117c0: 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 006c 0000 0001 ...........l....\n 002117d0: 0004 0066 6f6e 7473 1880 6c00 0000 0000 ...fonts..l.....\n 002117e0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 8c00 0000 0000 ................\n-002117f0: 0000 94d2 0c00 0000 0000 0480 5704 0000 ............W...\n+002117f0: 0000 94d2 0c00 0000 0000 0480 ae08 0000 ................\n 00211800: b6d2 0c00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 00211810: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 00211820: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 00211830: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 00211840: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 00211850: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 00211860: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/grubnetia32-installer.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/grubnetia32-installer.efi", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -116581,15 +116581,15 @@\n 001c7640: 756e 6963 6f64 652e 7066 3201 0000 0000 unicode.pf2.....\n 001c7650: 0000 0001 0000 006c 0000 0001 0004 0066 .......l.......f\n 001c7660: 6f6e 7473 8c00 0200 0200 0700 6772 7562 onts........grub\n 001c7670: 2e63 6667 1080 acd1 0c00 0000 0000 9c00 .cfg............\n 001c7680: 0000 0000 0000 4cd3 0c00 0000 0000 2080 ......L....... .\n 001c7690: 6c00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 l...............\n 001c76a0: 8c00 0000 0000 0000 ac00 0000 0000 0000 ................\n-001c76b0: 66d3 0c00 0000 0000 0480 5704 0000 90d3 f.........W.....\n+001c76b0: 66d3 0c00 0000 0000 0480 ae08 0000 90d3 f...............\n 001c76c0: 0c00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c76d0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c76e0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c76f0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c7700: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c7710: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c7720: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/grubnetia32.efi", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-efi/monolithic/grubnetia32.efi", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -116581,15 +116581,15 @@\n 001c7640: 756e 6963 6f64 652e 7066 3201 0000 0000 unicode.pf2.....\n 001c7650: 0000 0001 0000 006c 0000 0001 0004 0066 .......l.......f\n 001c7660: 6f6e 7473 8c00 0200 0200 0700 6772 7562 onts........grub\n 001c7670: 2e63 6667 1080 acd1 0c00 0000 0000 9c00 .cfg............\n 001c7680: 0000 0000 0000 4cd3 0c00 0000 0000 2080 ......L....... .\n 001c7690: 6c00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 l...............\n 001c76a0: 8c00 0000 0000 0000 ac00 0000 0000 0000 ................\n-001c76b0: 66d3 0c00 0000 0000 0480 5704 0000 90d3 f.........W.....\n+001c76b0: 66d3 0c00 0000 0000 0480 ae08 0000 90d3 f...............\n 001c76c0: 0c00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c76d0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c76e0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c76f0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c7700: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c7710: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001c7720: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-emu_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-emu_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 6232 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 3065912 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 3065792 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -126,15 +126,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 39688 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/minix.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 40272 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 45352 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 40120 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 44664 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 44584 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3750 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2375 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2373 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 329864 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 23248 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 11752 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 601280 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/net.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 32552 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/newc.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 74576 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/nilfs2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1043648 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/normal.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-emu/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=x86_64\n grub_modinfo_platform=emu\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-firmware-qemu_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-firmware-qemu_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./usr/share/qemu/grub.bin", "source2": "./usr/share/qemu/grub.bin", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -112078,27 +112078,27 @@\n 001b5cd0: 0000 0008 2800 0062 6f6f 742f 0000 0000 ....(..boot/....\n 001b5ce0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5cf0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5d00: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5d10: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5d20: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5d30: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0030 3030 3037 ...........00007\n-001b5d40: 3535 0030 3030 3231 3237 0030 3030 3231 55.0002127.00021\n-001b5d50: 3237 0030 3030 3030 3030 3030 3030 0031 27.00000000000.1\n-001b5d60: 3530 3431 3136 3131 3535 0030 3132 3335 5041161155.01235\n-001b5d70: 3600 2035 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 6. 5............\n+001b5d40: 3535 0030 3030 3432 3536 0030 3030 3432 55.0004256.00042\n+001b5d50: 3536 0030 3030 3030 3030 3030 3030 0031 56.00000000000.1\n+001b5d60: 3532 3434 3337 3433 3333 0030 3132 3430 5244374333.01240\n+001b5d70: 3300 2035 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 3. 5............\n 001b5d80: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5d90: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5da0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5db0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5dc0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5dd0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 7573 7461 7220 2000 ........ustar .\n-001b5de0: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3100 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder1.......\n+001b5de0: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3200 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder2.......\n 001b5df0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n-001b5e00: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3100 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder1.......\n+001b5e00: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3200 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder2.......\n 001b5e10: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5e20: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5e30: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5e40: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5e50: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5e60: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5e70: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n@@ -112110,27 +112110,27 @@\n 001b5ed0: 0000 0000 0000 0062 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 .......boot/grub\n 001b5ee0: 2f00 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 /...............\n 001b5ef0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5f00: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5f10: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5f20: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5f30: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0030 3030 3037 ...........00007\n-001b5f40: 3535 0030 3030 3231 3237 0030 3030 3231 55.0002127.00021\n-001b5f50: 3237 0030 3030 3030 3030 3030 3030 0031 27.00000000000.1\n-001b5f60: 3530 3431 3136 3131 3535 0030 3133 3331 5041161155.01331\n-001b5f70: 3500 2035 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 5. 5............\n+001b5f40: 3535 0030 3030 3432 3536 0030 3030 3432 55.0004256.00042\n+001b5f50: 3536 0030 3030 3030 3030 3030 3030 0031 56.00000000000.1\n+001b5f60: 3532 3434 3337 3433 3333 0030 3133 3334 5244374333.01334\n+001b5f70: 3200 2035 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 2. 5............\n 001b5f80: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5f90: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5fa0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5fb0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5fc0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b5fd0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 7573 7461 7220 2000 ........ustar .\n-001b5fe0: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3100 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder1.......\n+001b5fe0: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3200 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder2.......\n 001b5ff0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n-001b6000: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3100 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder1.......\n+001b6000: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3200 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder2.......\n 001b6010: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6020: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6030: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6040: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6050: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6060: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6070: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n@@ -112142,27 +112142,27 @@\n 001b60d0: 0000 0000 0000 0062 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 .......boot/grub\n 001b60e0: 2f67 7275 622e 6366 6700 0000 0000 0000 /grub.cfg.......\n 001b60f0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6100: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6110: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6120: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6130: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0030 3030 3036 ...........00006\n-001b6140: 3434 0030 3030 3231 3237 0030 3030 3231 44.0002127.00021\n-001b6150: 3237 0030 3030 3030 3030 3132 3432 0031 27.00000001242.1\n-001b6160: 3530 3431 3136 3131 3535 0030 3134 3733 5041161155.01473\n-001b6170: 3400 2030 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 4. 0............\n+001b6140: 3434 0030 3030 3432 3536 0030 3030 3432 44.0004256.00042\n+001b6150: 3536 0030 3030 3030 3030 3132 3432 0031 56.00000001242.1\n+001b6160: 3532 3434 3337 3433 3333 0030 3134 3736 5244374333.01476\n+001b6170: 3100 2030 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1. 0............\n 001b6180: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6190: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b61a0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b61b0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b61c0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b61d0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 7573 7461 7220 2000 ........ustar .\n-001b61e0: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3100 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder1.......\n+001b61e0: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3200 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder2.......\n 001b61f0: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n-001b6200: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3100 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder1.......\n+001b6200: 7062 7569 6c64 6572 3200 0000 0000 0000 pbuilder2.......\n 001b6210: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6220: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6230: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6240: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6250: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6260: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n 001b6270: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 ................\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-ieee1275-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-ieee1275-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 7400 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 628364 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 628456 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -145,15 +145,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3724 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3864 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3648 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3816 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3732 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5788 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4708 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2637 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2635 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2316 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/morse.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 27464 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2392 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1972 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 13704 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14692 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2696 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/nand.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-ieee1275/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=ieee1275\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-pc-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-pc-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 8424 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1012584 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1012564 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -171,15 +171,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3724 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3864 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3648 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3816 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3732 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 8480 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5791 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2623 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2621 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2316 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/morse.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 27464 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2392 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1972 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14892 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 15924 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4148 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/nativedisk.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=pc\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-rescue-pc_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-rescue-pc_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1024 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 2646620 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 2646932 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./usr/lib/grub-rescue/grub-rescue-cdrom.iso", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub-rescue/grub-rescue-cdrom.iso", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "isoinfo -l -i {}", "source2": "isoinfo -l -i {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,325 +1,325 @@\n \n Directory listing of /\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] boot \n----------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 48 00] boot.cat;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] boot \n+---------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 48 00] boot.cat;1 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] grub \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] grub \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 23 02] fonts \n----------- 0 0 0 1705 Jul 26 2025 [ 1227 00] grub.cfg;1 \n-d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Jul 26 2025 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 43 02] locale \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 44 02] roms \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 23 02] fonts \n+---------- 0 0 0 1705 Aug 28 2026 [ 1227 00] grub.cfg;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Aug 28 2026 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 43 02] locale \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 44 02] roms \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/fonts/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 23 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n----------- 0 0 0 2411806 Jul 26 2025 [ 49 00] unicode.pf2;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 23 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+---------- 0 0 0 2411806 Aug 28 2026 [ 49 00] unicode.pf2;1 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/i386-pc/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Jul 26 2025 [ 24 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n----------- 0 0 0 7820 Jul 26 2025 [ 1228 00] 915resol.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10576 Jul 26 2025 [ 1232 00] acpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1200 Jul 26 2025 [ 1238 00] adler32.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5644 Jul 26 2025 [ 1239 00] affs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6048 Jul 26 2025 [ 1242 00] afs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1508 Jul 26 2025 [ 1245 00] afsplitt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 15608 Jul 26 2025 [ 1246 00] ahci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 492 Jul 26 2025 [ 1254 00] all_vide.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 956 Jul 26 2025 [ 1255 00] aout.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3024 Jul 26 2025 [ 1256 00] archelp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4116 Jul 26 2025 [ 1258 00] at_keybo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5544 Jul 26 2025 [ 1261 00] ata.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1576 Jul 26 2025 [ 1264 00] backtrac.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6764 Jul 26 2025 [ 1265 00] bfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4616 Jul 26 2025 [ 1269 00] biosdisk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2188 Jul 26 2025 [ 1272 00] bitmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3596 Jul 26 2025 [ 1274 00] bitmap_s.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2004 Jul 26 2025 [ 1276 00] blocklis.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2628 Jul 26 2025 [ 1277 00] boot.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 31272 Jul 26 2025 [ 1279 00] bsd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2280 Jul 26 2025 [ 1295 00] bswap_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 20048 Jul 26 2025 [ 1297 00] btrfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2092 Jul 26 2025 [ 1307 00] bufio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2816 Jul 26 2025 [ 1309 00] cat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3872 Jul 26 2025 [ 1311 00] cbfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3336 Jul 26 2025 [ 1313 00] cbls.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2440 Jul 26 2025 [ 1315 00] cbmemc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1048 Jul 26 2025 [ 1317 00] cbtable.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2752 Jul 26 2025 [ 1318 00] cbtime.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3396 Jul 26 2025 [ 1320 00] chain.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2944 Jul 26 2025 [ 1322 00] cmdline_.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1164 Jul 26 2025 [ 1324 00] cmosdump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1824 Jul 26 2025 [ 1325 00] cmostest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2208 Jul 26 2025 [ 1326 00] cmp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4580 Jul 26 2025 [ 1328 00] cmp_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3931 Jul 26 2025 [ 1331 00] command.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2204 Jul 26 2025 [ 1333 00] configfi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2744 Jul 26 2025 [ 1335 00] cpio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2980 Jul 26 2025 [ 1337 00] cpio_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1652 Jul 26 2025 [ 1339 00] cpuid.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1552 Jul 26 2025 [ 1340 00] crc64.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 936 Jul 26 2025 [ 1341 00] crypto.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4896 Jul 26 2025 [ 1342 00] crypto.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 14720 Jul 26 2025 [ 1345 00] cryptodi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3584 Jul 26 2025 [ 1353 00] cs5536.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1684 Jul 26 2025 [ 1355 00] ctz_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2096 Jul 26 2025 [ 1356 00] date.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1720 Jul 26 2025 [ 1358 00] datehook.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2148 Jul 26 2025 [ 1359 00] datetime.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2364 Jul 26 2025 [ 1361 00] disk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9816 Jul 26 2025 [ 1363 00] diskfilt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 956 Jul 26 2025 [ 1368 00] div.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5504 Jul 26 2025 [ 1369 00] div_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1768 Jul 26 2025 [ 1372 00] dm_nv.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5296 Jul 26 2025 [ 1373 00] drivemap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1896 Jul 26 2025 [ 1376 00] echo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 23624 Jul 26 2025 [ 1377 00] efiemu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7644 Jul 26 2025 [ 1389 00] efiemu32.o;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 11048 Jul 26 2025 [ 1393 00] efiemu64.o;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 16128 Jul 26 2025 [ 1399 00] ehci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5824 Jul 26 2025 [ 1407 00] elf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 31318 Jul 26 2025 [ 1410 00] eltorito.img;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1368 Jul 26 2025 [ 1426 00] eval.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5988 Jul 26 2025 [ 1427 00] exfat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1380 Jul 26 2025 [ 1430 00] exfctest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6120 Jul 26 2025 [ 1431 00] ext2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4620 Jul 26 2025 [ 1434 00] extcmd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6628 Jul 26 2025 [ 1437 00] f2fs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6132 Jul 26 2025 [ 1441 00] fat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 17100 Jul 26 2025 [ 1444 00] file.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 13840 Jul 26 2025 [ 1453 00] font.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2612 Jul 26 2025 [ 1460 00] freedos.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 219 Jul 26 2025 [ 1462 00] fs.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2924 Jul 26 2025 [ 1463 00] fshelp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 34144 Jul 26 2025 [ 1465 00] function.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1580 Jul 26 2025 [ 1482 00] gcry_arc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7976 Jul 26 2025 [ 1483 00] gcry_blo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 33532 Jul 26 2025 [ 1487 00] gcry_cam.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 16304 Jul 26 2025 [ 1504 00] gcry_cas.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10516 Jul 26 2025 [ 1512 00] gcry_crc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 19084 Jul 26 2025 [ 1518 00] gcry_des.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2180 Jul 26 2025 [ 1528 00] gcry_dsa.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2872 Jul 26 2025 [ 1530 00] gcry_ide.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3024 Jul 26 2025 [ 1532 00] gcry_md4.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3632 Jul 26 2025 [ 1534 00] gcry_md5.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2260 Jul 26 2025 [ 1536 00] gcry_rfc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 19300 Jul 26 2025 [ 1538 00] gcry_rij.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8200 Jul 26 2025 [ 1548 00] gcry_rmd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1960 Jul 26 2025 [ 1553 00] gcry_rsa.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 14772 Jul 26 2025 [ 1554 00] gcry_see.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 17740 Jul 26 2025 [ 1562 00] gcry_ser.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8536 Jul 26 2025 [ 1571 00] gcry_sh0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4324 Jul 26 2025 [ 1576 00] gcry_sh1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7724 Jul 26 2025 [ 1579 00] gcry_sh2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 13472 Jul 26 2025 [ 1583 00] gcry_tig.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 36800 Jul 26 2025 [ 1590 00] gcry_two.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 24504 Jul 26 2025 [ 1608 00] gcry_whi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 25096 Jul 26 2025 [ 1620 00] gdb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5600 Jul 26 2025 [ 1633 00] geli.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4892 Jul 26 2025 [ 1636 00] gettext.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 39012 Jul 26 2025 [ 1639 00] gfxmenu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9872 Jul 26 2025 [ 1659 00] gfxterm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2796 Jul 26 2025 [ 1664 00] gfxterm0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4888 Jul 26 2025 [ 1666 00] gfxterm1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3740 Jul 26 2025 [ 1669 00] gptsync.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8744 Jul 26 2025 [ 1671 00] gzio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4616 Jul 26 2025 [ 1676 00] halt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5164 Jul 26 2025 [ 1679 00] hashsum.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6504 Jul 26 2025 [ 1682 00] hdparm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1140 Jul 26 2025 [ 1686 00] hello.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2584 Jul 26 2025 [ 1687 00] help.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3052 Jul 26 2025 [ 1689 00] hexdump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6856 Jul 26 2025 [ 1691 00] hfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8116 Jul 26 2025 [ 1695 00] hfsplus.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2972 Jul 26 2025 [ 1699 00] hfsplusc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5820 Jul 26 2025 [ 1701 00] http.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2452 Jul 26 2025 [ 1704 00] hwmatch.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2780 Jul 26 2025 [ 1706 00] iorw.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9252 Jul 26 2025 [ 1708 00] iso9660.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6404 Jul 26 2025 [ 1713 00] jfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7804 Jul 26 2025 [ 1717 00] jpeg.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4268 Jul 26 2025 [ 1721 00] json.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4968 Jul 26 2025 [ 1724 00] keylayou.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1832 Jul 26 2025 [ 1727 00] keystatu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6260 Jul 26 2025 [ 1728 00] ldm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 14396 Jul 26 2025 [ 1732 00] legacy_p.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 30056 Jul 26 2025 [ 1740 00] legacycf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 13504 Jul 26 2025 [ 1755 00] linux.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5516 Jul 26 2025 [ 1762 00] linux16.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5744 Jul 26 2025 [ 1765 00] loadenv.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3312 Jul 26 2025 [ 1768 00] loopback.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3868 Jul 26 2025 [ 1770 00] ls.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4740 Jul 26 2025 [ 1772 00] lsacpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2236 Jul 26 2025 [ 1775 00] lsapm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1792 Jul 26 2025 [ 1777 00] lsmmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4768 Jul 26 2025 [ 1778 00] lspci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3924 Jul 26 2025 [ 1781 00] luks.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 14300 Jul 26 2025 [ 1783 00] luks2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8512 Jul 26 2025 [ 1790 00] lvm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4816 Jul 26 2025 [ 1795 00] lzopio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3212 Jul 26 2025 [ 1798 00] macbless.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7376 Jul 26 2025 [ 1800 00] macho.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2020 Jul 26 2025 [ 1804 00] mda_text.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2104 Jul 26 2025 [ 1805 00] mdraid00.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1964 Jul 26 2025 [ 1807 00] mdraid01.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1880 Jul 26 2025 [ 1808 00] mdraid1x.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2096 Jul 26 2025 [ 1809 00] memdisk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2796 Jul 26 2025 [ 1811 00] memrw.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3568 Jul 26 2025 [ 1813 00] minicmd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3592 Jul 26 2025 [ 1815 00] minix.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3724 Jul 26 2025 [ 1817 00] minix2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3864 Jul 26 2025 [ 1819 00] minix2_b.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3648 Jul 26 2025 [ 1821 00] minix3.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3816 Jul 26 2025 [ 1823 00] minix3_b.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3732 Jul 26 2025 [ 1825 00] minix_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8480 Jul 26 2025 [ 1827 00] mmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5791 Jul 26 2025 [ 1832 00] moddep.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2623 Jul 26 2025 [ 1835 00] modinfo.sh;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2316 Jul 26 2025 [ 1837 00] morse.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 27464 Jul 26 2025 [ 1839 00] mpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2392 Jul 26 2025 [ 1853 00] msdospar.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1972 Jul 26 2025 [ 1855 00] mul_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 14892 Jul 26 2025 [ 1856 00] multibo0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 15924 Jul 26 2025 [ 1864 00] multibo1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4148 Jul 26 2025 [ 1872 00] nativedi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 59412 Jul 26 2025 [ 1875 00] net.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3152 Jul 26 2025 [ 1905 00] newc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6732 Jul 26 2025 [ 1907 00] nilfs2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 115084 Jul 26 2025 [ 1911 00] normal.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10632 Jul 26 2025 [ 1968 00] ntfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4308 Jul 26 2025 [ 1974 00] ntfscomp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2504 Jul 26 2025 [ 1977 00] ntldr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2964 Jul 26 2025 [ 1979 00] odc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1444 Jul 26 2025 [ 1981 00] offsetio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10288 Jul 26 2025 [ 1982 00] ohci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1588 Jul 26 2025 [ 1988 00] part_aco.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1812 Jul 26 2025 [ 1989 00] part_ami.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2052 Jul 26 2025 [ 1990 00] part_app.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2680 Jul 26 2025 [ 1992 00] part_bsd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1712 Jul 26 2025 [ 1994 00] part_dfl.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1424 Jul 26 2025 [ 1995 00] part_dvh.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2300 Jul 26 2025 [ 1996 00] part_gpt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2284 Jul 26 2025 [ 1998 00] part_msd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1732 Jul 26 2025 [ 2000 00] part_pla.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1436 Jul 26 2025 [ 2001 00] part_su0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1588 Jul 26 2025 [ 2002 00] part_su1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 111 Jul 26 2025 [ 2003 00] partmap.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 17 Jul 26 2025 [ 2004 00] parttool.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4632 Jul 26 2025 [ 2005 00] parttool.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1820 Jul 26 2025 [ 2008 00] passwor0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2732 Jul 26 2025 [ 2009 00] passwor1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4808 Jul 26 2025 [ 2011 00] pata.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1312 Jul 26 2025 [ 2014 00] pbkdf2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2088 Jul 26 2025 [ 2015 00] pbkdf2_t.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1316 Jul 26 2025 [ 2017 00] pci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2364 Jul 26 2025 [ 2018 00] pcidump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 11388 Jul 26 2025 [ 2020 00] pgp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7260 Jul 26 2025 [ 2026 00] plainmou.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6268 Jul 26 2025 [ 2030 00] plan9.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2448 Jul 26 2025 [ 2034 00] play.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7984 Jul 26 2025 [ 2036 00] png.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1512 Jul 26 2025 [ 2040 00] priority.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3500 Jul 26 2025 [ 2041 00] probe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2272 Jul 26 2025 [ 2043 00] procfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2144 Jul 26 2025 [ 2045 00] progress.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3672 Jul 26 2025 [ 2047 00] pxe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2608 Jul 26 2025 [ 2049 00] pxechain.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1288 Jul 26 2025 [ 2051 00] raid5rec.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2188 Jul 26 2025 [ 2052 00] raid6rec.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3668 Jul 26 2025 [ 2054 00] random.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1832 Jul 26 2025 [ 2056 00] rdmsr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1764 Jul 26 2025 [ 2057 00] read.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1628 Jul 26 2025 [ 2058 00] reboot.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 50888 Jul 26 2025 [ 2059 00] regexp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8664 Jul 26 2025 [ 2084 00] reiserfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 15036 Jul 26 2025 [ 2089 00] relocato.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4080 Jul 26 2025 [ 2097 00] romfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4612 Jul 26 2025 [ 2099 00] scsi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3688 Jul 26 2025 [ 2102 00] search.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3128 Jul 26 2025 [ 2104 00] search_0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3192 Jul 26 2025 [ 2106 00] search_1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3124 Jul 26 2025 [ 2108 00] search_l.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6996 Jul 26 2025 [ 2110 00] sendkey.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9948 Jul 26 2025 [ 2114 00] serial.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 628 Jul 26 2025 [ 2119 00] setjmp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1624 Jul 26 2025 [ 2120 00] setjmp_t.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5208 Jul 26 2025 [ 2121 00] setpci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5100 Jul 26 2025 [ 2124 00] sfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2424 Jul 26 2025 [ 2127 00] shift_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6360 Jul 26 2025 [ 2129 00] signatur.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2116 Jul 26 2025 [ 2133 00] sleep.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2312 Jul 26 2025 [ 2135 00] sleep_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5504 Jul 26 2025 [ 2137 00] smbios.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2008 Jul 26 2025 [ 2140 00] spkmodem.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7200 Jul 26 2025 [ 2141 00] squash4.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2112 Jul 26 2025 [ 2145 00] strtoull.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 17344 Jul 26 2025 [ 2147 00] syslinux.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3504 Jul 26 2025 [ 2156 00] tar.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 202 Jul 26 2025 [ 2158 00] terminal.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4432 Jul 26 2025 [ 2159 00] terminal.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 12212 Jul 26 2025 [ 2162 00] terminfo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5208 Jul 26 2025 [ 2168 00] test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1272 Jul 26 2025 [ 2171 00] test_blo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2712 Jul 26 2025 [ 2172 00] testload.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2244 Jul 26 2025 [ 2174 00] testspee.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5360 Jul 26 2025 [ 2176 00] tftp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4592 Jul 26 2025 [ 2179 00] tga.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1456 Jul 26 2025 [ 2182 00] time.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2320 Jul 26 2025 [ 2183 00] tr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1656 Jul 26 2025 [ 2185 00] trig.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1152 Jul 26 2025 [ 2186 00] true.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3556 Jul 26 2025 [ 2187 00] truecryp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8784 Jul 26 2025 [ 2189 00] udf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5236 Jul 26 2025 [ 2194 00] ufs1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5652 Jul 26 2025 [ 2197 00] ufs1_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5348 Jul 26 2025 [ 2200 00] ufs2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6492 Jul 26 2025 [ 2203 00] uhci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10368 Jul 26 2025 [ 2207 00] usb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3740 Jul 26 2025 [ 2213 00] usb_keyb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6936 Jul 26 2025 [ 2215 00] usbms.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1924 Jul 26 2025 [ 2219 00] usbseri0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2272 Jul 26 2025 [ 2220 00] usbseri1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2632 Jul 26 2025 [ 2222 00] usbseri2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1460 Jul 26 2025 [ 2224 00] usbseri3.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3560 Jul 26 2025 [ 2225 00] usbtest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9684 Jul 26 2025 [ 2227 00] vbe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2608 Jul 26 2025 [ 2232 00] verifier.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4940 Jul 26 2025 [ 2234 00] vga.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2128 Jul 26 2025 [ 2237 00] vga_text.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 33 Jul 26 2025 [ 2239 00] video.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5928 Jul 26 2025 [ 2240 00] video.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5548 Jul 26 2025 [ 2243 00] video_bo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6020 Jul 26 2025 [ 2246 00] video_ci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5612 Jul 26 2025 [ 2249 00] video_co.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 21312 Jul 26 2025 [ 2252 00] video_fb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3976 Jul 26 2025 [ 2263 00] videoinf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4216 Jul 26 2025 [ 2265 00] videote0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2280 Jul 26 2025 [ 2268 00] videote1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1448 Jul 26 2025 [ 2270 00] wrmsr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8196 Jul 26 2025 [ 2271 00] xfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 27288 Jul 26 2025 [ 2276 00] xnu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2084 Jul 26 2025 [ 2290 00] xnu_uui0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1924 Jul 26 2025 [ 2292 00] xnu_uui1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 14940 Jul 26 2025 [ 2293 00] xzio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 40876 Jul 26 2025 [ 2301 00] zfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5468 Jul 26 2025 [ 2321 00] zfscrypt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6484 Jul 26 2025 [ 2324 00] zfsinfo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 45736 Jul 26 2025 [ 2328 00] zstd.mod;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Aug 28 2026 [ 24 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+---------- 0 0 0 7820 Aug 28 2026 [ 1228 00] 915resol.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10576 Aug 28 2026 [ 1232 00] acpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1200 Aug 28 2026 [ 1238 00] adler32.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5644 Aug 28 2026 [ 1239 00] affs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6048 Aug 28 2026 [ 1242 00] afs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1508 Aug 28 2026 [ 1245 00] afsplitt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 15608 Aug 28 2026 [ 1246 00] ahci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 492 Aug 28 2026 [ 1254 00] all_vide.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 956 Aug 28 2026 [ 1255 00] aout.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3024 Aug 28 2026 [ 1256 00] archelp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4116 Aug 28 2026 [ 1258 00] at_keybo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5544 Aug 28 2026 [ 1261 00] ata.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1576 Aug 28 2026 [ 1264 00] backtrac.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6764 Aug 28 2026 [ 1265 00] bfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4616 Aug 28 2026 [ 1269 00] biosdisk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2188 Aug 28 2026 [ 1272 00] bitmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3596 Aug 28 2026 [ 1274 00] bitmap_s.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2004 Aug 28 2026 [ 1276 00] blocklis.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2628 Aug 28 2026 [ 1277 00] boot.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 31272 Aug 28 2026 [ 1279 00] bsd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2280 Aug 28 2026 [ 1295 00] bswap_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 20048 Aug 28 2026 [ 1297 00] btrfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2092 Aug 28 2026 [ 1307 00] bufio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2816 Aug 28 2026 [ 1309 00] cat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3872 Aug 28 2026 [ 1311 00] cbfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3336 Aug 28 2026 [ 1313 00] cbls.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2440 Aug 28 2026 [ 1315 00] cbmemc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1048 Aug 28 2026 [ 1317 00] cbtable.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2752 Aug 28 2026 [ 1318 00] cbtime.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3396 Aug 28 2026 [ 1320 00] chain.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2944 Aug 28 2026 [ 1322 00] cmdline_.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1164 Aug 28 2026 [ 1324 00] cmosdump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1824 Aug 28 2026 [ 1325 00] cmostest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2208 Aug 28 2026 [ 1326 00] cmp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4580 Aug 28 2026 [ 1328 00] cmp_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3931 Aug 28 2026 [ 1331 00] command.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2204 Aug 28 2026 [ 1333 00] configfi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2744 Aug 28 2026 [ 1335 00] cpio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2980 Aug 28 2026 [ 1337 00] cpio_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1652 Aug 28 2026 [ 1339 00] cpuid.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1552 Aug 28 2026 [ 1340 00] crc64.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 936 Aug 28 2026 [ 1341 00] crypto.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4896 Aug 28 2026 [ 1342 00] crypto.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14720 Aug 28 2026 [ 1345 00] cryptodi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3584 Aug 28 2026 [ 1353 00] cs5536.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1684 Aug 28 2026 [ 1355 00] ctz_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2096 Aug 28 2026 [ 1356 00] date.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1720 Aug 28 2026 [ 1358 00] datehook.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2148 Aug 28 2026 [ 1359 00] datetime.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2364 Aug 28 2026 [ 1361 00] disk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9816 Aug 28 2026 [ 1363 00] diskfilt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 956 Aug 28 2026 [ 1368 00] div.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5504 Aug 28 2026 [ 1369 00] div_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1768 Aug 28 2026 [ 1372 00] dm_nv.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5296 Aug 28 2026 [ 1373 00] drivemap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1896 Aug 28 2026 [ 1376 00] echo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 23624 Aug 28 2026 [ 1377 00] efiemu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7644 Aug 28 2026 [ 1389 00] efiemu32.o;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 11048 Aug 28 2026 [ 1393 00] efiemu64.o;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 16128 Aug 28 2026 [ 1399 00] ehci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5824 Aug 28 2026 [ 1407 00] elf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 31318 Aug 28 2026 [ 1410 00] eltorito.img;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1368 Aug 28 2026 [ 1426 00] eval.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5988 Aug 28 2026 [ 1427 00] exfat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1380 Aug 28 2026 [ 1430 00] exfctest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6120 Aug 28 2026 [ 1431 00] ext2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4620 Aug 28 2026 [ 1434 00] extcmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6628 Aug 28 2026 [ 1437 00] f2fs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6132 Aug 28 2026 [ 1441 00] fat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 17100 Aug 28 2026 [ 1444 00] file.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 13840 Aug 28 2026 [ 1453 00] font.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2612 Aug 28 2026 [ 1460 00] freedos.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 219 Aug 28 2026 [ 1462 00] fs.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2924 Aug 28 2026 [ 1463 00] fshelp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 34144 Aug 28 2026 [ 1465 00] function.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1580 Aug 28 2026 [ 1482 00] gcry_arc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7976 Aug 28 2026 [ 1483 00] gcry_blo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 33532 Aug 28 2026 [ 1487 00] gcry_cam.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 16304 Aug 28 2026 [ 1504 00] gcry_cas.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10516 Aug 28 2026 [ 1512 00] gcry_crc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 19084 Aug 28 2026 [ 1518 00] gcry_des.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2180 Aug 28 2026 [ 1528 00] gcry_dsa.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2872 Aug 28 2026 [ 1530 00] gcry_ide.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3024 Aug 28 2026 [ 1532 00] gcry_md4.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3632 Aug 28 2026 [ 1534 00] gcry_md5.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2260 Aug 28 2026 [ 1536 00] gcry_rfc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 19300 Aug 28 2026 [ 1538 00] gcry_rij.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8200 Aug 28 2026 [ 1548 00] gcry_rmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1960 Aug 28 2026 [ 1553 00] gcry_rsa.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14772 Aug 28 2026 [ 1554 00] gcry_see.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 17740 Aug 28 2026 [ 1562 00] gcry_ser.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8536 Aug 28 2026 [ 1571 00] gcry_sh0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4324 Aug 28 2026 [ 1576 00] gcry_sh1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7724 Aug 28 2026 [ 1579 00] gcry_sh2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 13472 Aug 28 2026 [ 1583 00] gcry_tig.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 36800 Aug 28 2026 [ 1590 00] gcry_two.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 24504 Aug 28 2026 [ 1608 00] gcry_whi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 25096 Aug 28 2026 [ 1620 00] gdb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5600 Aug 28 2026 [ 1633 00] geli.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4892 Aug 28 2026 [ 1636 00] gettext.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 39012 Aug 28 2026 [ 1639 00] gfxmenu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9872 Aug 28 2026 [ 1659 00] gfxterm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2796 Aug 28 2026 [ 1664 00] gfxterm0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4888 Aug 28 2026 [ 1666 00] gfxterm1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3740 Aug 28 2026 [ 1669 00] gptsync.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8744 Aug 28 2026 [ 1671 00] gzio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4616 Aug 28 2026 [ 1676 00] halt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5164 Aug 28 2026 [ 1679 00] hashsum.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6504 Aug 28 2026 [ 1682 00] hdparm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1140 Aug 28 2026 [ 1686 00] hello.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2584 Aug 28 2026 [ 1687 00] help.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3052 Aug 28 2026 [ 1689 00] hexdump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6856 Aug 28 2026 [ 1691 00] hfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8116 Aug 28 2026 [ 1695 00] hfsplus.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2972 Aug 28 2026 [ 1699 00] hfsplusc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5820 Aug 28 2026 [ 1701 00] http.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2452 Aug 28 2026 [ 1704 00] hwmatch.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2780 Aug 28 2026 [ 1706 00] iorw.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9252 Aug 28 2026 [ 1708 00] iso9660.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6404 Aug 28 2026 [ 1713 00] jfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7804 Aug 28 2026 [ 1717 00] jpeg.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4268 Aug 28 2026 [ 1721 00] json.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4968 Aug 28 2026 [ 1724 00] keylayou.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1832 Aug 28 2026 [ 1727 00] keystatu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6260 Aug 28 2026 [ 1728 00] ldm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14396 Aug 28 2026 [ 1732 00] legacy_p.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 30056 Aug 28 2026 [ 1740 00] legacycf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 13504 Aug 28 2026 [ 1755 00] linux.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5516 Aug 28 2026 [ 1762 00] linux16.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5744 Aug 28 2026 [ 1765 00] loadenv.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3312 Aug 28 2026 [ 1768 00] loopback.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3868 Aug 28 2026 [ 1770 00] ls.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4740 Aug 28 2026 [ 1772 00] lsacpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2236 Aug 28 2026 [ 1775 00] lsapm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1792 Aug 28 2026 [ 1777 00] lsmmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4768 Aug 28 2026 [ 1778 00] lspci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3924 Aug 28 2026 [ 1781 00] luks.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14300 Aug 28 2026 [ 1783 00] luks2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8512 Aug 28 2026 [ 1790 00] lvm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4816 Aug 28 2026 [ 1795 00] lzopio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3212 Aug 28 2026 [ 1798 00] macbless.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7376 Aug 28 2026 [ 1800 00] macho.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2020 Aug 28 2026 [ 1804 00] mda_text.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2104 Aug 28 2026 [ 1805 00] mdraid00.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1964 Aug 28 2026 [ 1807 00] mdraid01.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1880 Aug 28 2026 [ 1808 00] mdraid1x.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2096 Aug 28 2026 [ 1809 00] memdisk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2796 Aug 28 2026 [ 1811 00] memrw.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3568 Aug 28 2026 [ 1813 00] minicmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3592 Aug 28 2026 [ 1815 00] minix.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3724 Aug 28 2026 [ 1817 00] minix2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3864 Aug 28 2026 [ 1819 00] minix2_b.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3648 Aug 28 2026 [ 1821 00] minix3.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3816 Aug 28 2026 [ 1823 00] minix3_b.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3732 Aug 28 2026 [ 1825 00] minix_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8480 Aug 28 2026 [ 1827 00] mmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5791 Aug 28 2026 [ 1832 00] moddep.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2621 Aug 28 2026 [ 1835 00] modinfo.sh;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2316 Aug 28 2026 [ 1837 00] morse.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 27464 Aug 28 2026 [ 1839 00] mpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2392 Aug 28 2026 [ 1853 00] msdospar.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1972 Aug 28 2026 [ 1855 00] mul_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14892 Aug 28 2026 [ 1856 00] multibo0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 15924 Aug 28 2026 [ 1864 00] multibo1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4148 Aug 28 2026 [ 1872 00] nativedi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 59412 Aug 28 2026 [ 1875 00] net.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3152 Aug 28 2026 [ 1905 00] newc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6732 Aug 28 2026 [ 1907 00] nilfs2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 115084 Aug 28 2026 [ 1911 00] normal.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10632 Aug 28 2026 [ 1968 00] ntfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4308 Aug 28 2026 [ 1974 00] ntfscomp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2504 Aug 28 2026 [ 1977 00] ntldr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2964 Aug 28 2026 [ 1979 00] odc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1444 Aug 28 2026 [ 1981 00] offsetio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10288 Aug 28 2026 [ 1982 00] ohci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1588 Aug 28 2026 [ 1988 00] part_aco.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1812 Aug 28 2026 [ 1989 00] part_ami.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2052 Aug 28 2026 [ 1990 00] part_app.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2680 Aug 28 2026 [ 1992 00] part_bsd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1712 Aug 28 2026 [ 1994 00] part_dfl.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1424 Aug 28 2026 [ 1995 00] part_dvh.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2300 Aug 28 2026 [ 1996 00] part_gpt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2284 Aug 28 2026 [ 1998 00] part_msd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1732 Aug 28 2026 [ 2000 00] part_pla.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1436 Aug 28 2026 [ 2001 00] part_su0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1588 Aug 28 2026 [ 2002 00] part_su1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 111 Aug 28 2026 [ 2003 00] partmap.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 17 Aug 28 2026 [ 2004 00] parttool.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4632 Aug 28 2026 [ 2005 00] parttool.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1820 Aug 28 2026 [ 2008 00] passwor0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2732 Aug 28 2026 [ 2009 00] passwor1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4808 Aug 28 2026 [ 2011 00] pata.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1312 Aug 28 2026 [ 2014 00] pbkdf2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2088 Aug 28 2026 [ 2015 00] pbkdf2_t.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1316 Aug 28 2026 [ 2017 00] pci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2364 Aug 28 2026 [ 2018 00] pcidump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 11388 Aug 28 2026 [ 2020 00] pgp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7260 Aug 28 2026 [ 2026 00] plainmou.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6268 Aug 28 2026 [ 2030 00] plan9.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2448 Aug 28 2026 [ 2034 00] play.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7984 Aug 28 2026 [ 2036 00] png.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1512 Aug 28 2026 [ 2040 00] priority.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3500 Aug 28 2026 [ 2041 00] probe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2272 Aug 28 2026 [ 2043 00] procfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2144 Aug 28 2026 [ 2045 00] progress.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3672 Aug 28 2026 [ 2047 00] pxe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2608 Aug 28 2026 [ 2049 00] pxechain.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1288 Aug 28 2026 [ 2051 00] raid5rec.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2188 Aug 28 2026 [ 2052 00] raid6rec.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3668 Aug 28 2026 [ 2054 00] random.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1832 Aug 28 2026 [ 2056 00] rdmsr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1764 Aug 28 2026 [ 2057 00] read.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1628 Aug 28 2026 [ 2058 00] reboot.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 50888 Aug 28 2026 [ 2059 00] regexp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8664 Aug 28 2026 [ 2084 00] reiserfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 15036 Aug 28 2026 [ 2089 00] relocato.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4080 Aug 28 2026 [ 2097 00] romfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4612 Aug 28 2026 [ 2099 00] scsi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3688 Aug 28 2026 [ 2102 00] search.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3128 Aug 28 2026 [ 2104 00] search_0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3192 Aug 28 2026 [ 2106 00] search_1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3124 Aug 28 2026 [ 2108 00] search_l.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6996 Aug 28 2026 [ 2110 00] sendkey.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9948 Aug 28 2026 [ 2114 00] serial.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 628 Aug 28 2026 [ 2119 00] setjmp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1624 Aug 28 2026 [ 2120 00] setjmp_t.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5208 Aug 28 2026 [ 2121 00] setpci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5100 Aug 28 2026 [ 2124 00] sfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2424 Aug 28 2026 [ 2127 00] shift_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6360 Aug 28 2026 [ 2129 00] signatur.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2116 Aug 28 2026 [ 2133 00] sleep.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2312 Aug 28 2026 [ 2135 00] sleep_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5504 Aug 28 2026 [ 2137 00] smbios.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2008 Aug 28 2026 [ 2140 00] spkmodem.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7200 Aug 28 2026 [ 2141 00] squash4.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2112 Aug 28 2026 [ 2145 00] strtoull.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 17344 Aug 28 2026 [ 2147 00] syslinux.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3504 Aug 28 2026 [ 2156 00] tar.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 202 Aug 28 2026 [ 2158 00] terminal.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4432 Aug 28 2026 [ 2159 00] terminal.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 12212 Aug 28 2026 [ 2162 00] terminfo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5208 Aug 28 2026 [ 2168 00] test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1272 Aug 28 2026 [ 2171 00] test_blo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2712 Aug 28 2026 [ 2172 00] testload.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2244 Aug 28 2026 [ 2174 00] testspee.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5360 Aug 28 2026 [ 2176 00] tftp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4592 Aug 28 2026 [ 2179 00] tga.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1456 Aug 28 2026 [ 2182 00] time.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2320 Aug 28 2026 [ 2183 00] tr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1656 Aug 28 2026 [ 2185 00] trig.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1152 Aug 28 2026 [ 2186 00] true.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3556 Aug 28 2026 [ 2187 00] truecryp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8784 Aug 28 2026 [ 2189 00] udf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5236 Aug 28 2026 [ 2194 00] ufs1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5652 Aug 28 2026 [ 2197 00] ufs1_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5348 Aug 28 2026 [ 2200 00] ufs2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6492 Aug 28 2026 [ 2203 00] uhci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10368 Aug 28 2026 [ 2207 00] usb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3740 Aug 28 2026 [ 2213 00] usb_keyb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6936 Aug 28 2026 [ 2215 00] usbms.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1924 Aug 28 2026 [ 2219 00] usbseri0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2272 Aug 28 2026 [ 2220 00] usbseri1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2632 Aug 28 2026 [ 2222 00] usbseri2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1460 Aug 28 2026 [ 2224 00] usbseri3.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3560 Aug 28 2026 [ 2225 00] usbtest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9684 Aug 28 2026 [ 2227 00] vbe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2608 Aug 28 2026 [ 2232 00] verifier.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4940 Aug 28 2026 [ 2234 00] vga.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2128 Aug 28 2026 [ 2237 00] vga_text.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 33 Aug 28 2026 [ 2239 00] video.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5928 Aug 28 2026 [ 2240 00] video.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5548 Aug 28 2026 [ 2243 00] video_bo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6020 Aug 28 2026 [ 2246 00] video_ci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5612 Aug 28 2026 [ 2249 00] video_co.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 21312 Aug 28 2026 [ 2252 00] video_fb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3976 Aug 28 2026 [ 2263 00] videoinf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4216 Aug 28 2026 [ 2265 00] videote0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2280 Aug 28 2026 [ 2268 00] videote1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1448 Aug 28 2026 [ 2270 00] wrmsr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8196 Aug 28 2026 [ 2271 00] xfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 27288 Aug 28 2026 [ 2276 00] xnu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2084 Aug 28 2026 [ 2290 00] xnu_uui0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1924 Aug 28 2026 [ 2292 00] xnu_uui1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 14940 Aug 28 2026 [ 2293 00] xzio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 40876 Aug 28 2026 [ 2301 00] zfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5468 Aug 28 2026 [ 2321 00] zfscrypt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6484 Aug 28 2026 [ 2324 00] zfsinfo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 45736 Aug 28 2026 [ 2328 00] zstd.mod;1 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/locale/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 43 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 43 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/roms/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 44 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 44 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n"}, {"source1": "isoinfo -l -i {} -R", "source2": "isoinfo -l -i {} -R", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,325 +1,325 @@\n \n Directory listing of /\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] boot \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 48 00] boot.catalog \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] boot \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 48 00] boot.catalog \n \n Directory listing of /boot/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] grub \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] grub \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 23 02] fonts \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 Jul 26 2025 [ 1227 00] grub.cfg \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Jul 26 2025 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 43 02] locale \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 44 02] roms \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 23 02] fonts \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 Aug 28 2026 [ 1227 00] grub.cfg \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Aug 28 2026 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 43 02] locale \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 44 02] roms \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/fonts/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 23 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2411806 Jul 26 2025 [ 49 00] unicode.pf2 \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 23 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2411806 Aug 28 2026 [ 49 00] unicode.pf2 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/i386-pc/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Jul 26 2025 [ 24 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7820 Jul 26 2025 [ 1228 00] 915resolution.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10576 Jul 26 2025 [ 1232 00] acpi.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1200 Jul 26 2025 [ 1238 00] adler32.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5644 Jul 26 2025 [ 1239 00] affs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6048 Jul 26 2025 [ 1242 00] afs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1508 Jul 26 2025 [ 1245 00] afsplitter.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15608 Jul 26 2025 [ 1246 00] ahci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 492 Jul 26 2025 [ 1254 00] all_video.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 Jul 26 2025 [ 1255 00] aout.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3024 Jul 26 2025 [ 1256 00] archelp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4116 Jul 26 2025 [ 1258 00] at_keyboard.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5544 Jul 26 2025 [ 1261 00] ata.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1576 Jul 26 2025 [ 1264 00] backtrace.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6764 Jul 26 2025 [ 1265 00] bfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 Jul 26 2025 [ 1269 00] biosdisk.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 Jul 26 2025 [ 1272 00] bitmap.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3596 Jul 26 2025 [ 1274 00] bitmap_scale.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2004 Jul 26 2025 [ 1276 00] blocklist.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2628 Jul 26 2025 [ 1277 00] boot.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31272 Jul 26 2025 [ 1279 00] bsd.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 Jul 26 2025 [ 1295 00] bswap_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 20048 Jul 26 2025 [ 1297 00] btrfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2092 Jul 26 2025 [ 1307 00] bufio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2816 Jul 26 2025 [ 1309 00] cat.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3872 Jul 26 2025 [ 1311 00] cbfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3336 Jul 26 2025 [ 1313 00] cbls.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2440 Jul 26 2025 [ 1315 00] cbmemc.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1048 Jul 26 2025 [ 1317 00] cbtable.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2752 Jul 26 2025 [ 1318 00] cbtime.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3396 Jul 26 2025 [ 1320 00] chain.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2944 Jul 26 2025 [ 1322 00] cmdline_cat_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1164 Jul 26 2025 [ 1324 00] cmosdump.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1824 Jul 26 2025 [ 1325 00] cmostest.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2208 Jul 26 2025 [ 1326 00] cmp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4580 Jul 26 2025 [ 1328 00] cmp_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3931 Jul 26 2025 [ 1331 00] command.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2204 Jul 26 2025 [ 1333 00] configfile.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2744 Jul 26 2025 [ 1335 00] cpio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2980 Jul 26 2025 [ 1337 00] cpio_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1652 Jul 26 2025 [ 1339 00] cpuid.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1552 Jul 26 2025 [ 1340 00] crc64.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 936 Jul 26 2025 [ 1341 00] crypto.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4896 Jul 26 2025 [ 1342 00] crypto.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14720 Jul 26 2025 [ 1345 00] cryptodisk.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3584 Jul 26 2025 [ 1353 00] cs5536.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1684 Jul 26 2025 [ 1355 00] ctz_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2096 Jul 26 2025 [ 1356 00] date.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1720 Jul 26 2025 [ 1358 00] datehook.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2148 Jul 26 2025 [ 1359 00] datetime.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 Jul 26 2025 [ 1361 00] disk.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9816 Jul 26 2025 [ 1363 00] diskfilter.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 Jul 26 2025 [ 1368 00] div.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 Jul 26 2025 [ 1369 00] div_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1768 Jul 26 2025 [ 1372 00] dm_nv.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5296 Jul 26 2025 [ 1373 00] drivemap.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1896 Jul 26 2025 [ 1376 00] echo.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 23624 Jul 26 2025 [ 1377 00] efiemu.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7644 Jul 26 2025 [ 1389 00] efiemu32.o \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11048 Jul 26 2025 [ 1393 00] efiemu64.o \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16128 Jul 26 2025 [ 1399 00] ehci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5824 Jul 26 2025 [ 1407 00] elf.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31318 Jul 26 2025 [ 1410 00] eltorito.img \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1368 Jul 26 2025 [ 1426 00] eval.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5988 Jul 26 2025 [ 1427 00] exfat.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1380 Jul 26 2025 [ 1430 00] exfctest.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6120 Jul 26 2025 [ 1431 00] ext2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4620 Jul 26 2025 [ 1434 00] extcmd.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6628 Jul 26 2025 [ 1437 00] f2fs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6132 Jul 26 2025 [ 1441 00] fat.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17100 Jul 26 2025 [ 1444 00] file.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13840 Jul 26 2025 [ 1453 00] font.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2612 Jul 26 2025 [ 1460 00] freedos.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 219 Jul 26 2025 [ 1462 00] fs.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2924 Jul 26 2025 [ 1463 00] fshelp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 34144 Jul 26 2025 [ 1465 00] functional_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1580 Jul 26 2025 [ 1482 00] gcry_arcfour.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7976 Jul 26 2025 [ 1483 00] gcry_blowfish.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33532 Jul 26 2025 [ 1487 00] gcry_camellia.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16304 Jul 26 2025 [ 1504 00] gcry_cast5.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10516 Jul 26 2025 [ 1512 00] gcry_crc.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19084 Jul 26 2025 [ 1518 00] gcry_des.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2180 Jul 26 2025 [ 1528 00] gcry_dsa.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2872 Jul 26 2025 [ 1530 00] gcry_idea.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3024 Jul 26 2025 [ 1532 00] gcry_md4.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3632 Jul 26 2025 [ 1534 00] gcry_md5.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2260 Jul 26 2025 [ 1536 00] gcry_rfc2268.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19300 Jul 26 2025 [ 1538 00] gcry_rijndael.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8200 Jul 26 2025 [ 1548 00] gcry_rmd160.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1960 Jul 26 2025 [ 1553 00] gcry_rsa.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14772 Jul 26 2025 [ 1554 00] gcry_seed.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17740 Jul 26 2025 [ 1562 00] gcry_serpent.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8536 Jul 26 2025 [ 1571 00] gcry_sha1.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4324 Jul 26 2025 [ 1576 00] gcry_sha256.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7724 Jul 26 2025 [ 1579 00] gcry_sha512.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13472 Jul 26 2025 [ 1583 00] gcry_tiger.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 36800 Jul 26 2025 [ 1590 00] gcry_twofish.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 24504 Jul 26 2025 [ 1608 00] gcry_whirlpool.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 25096 Jul 26 2025 [ 1620 00] gdb.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5600 Jul 26 2025 [ 1633 00] geli.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4892 Jul 26 2025 [ 1636 00] gettext.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 39012 Jul 26 2025 [ 1639 00] gfxmenu.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9872 Jul 26 2025 [ 1659 00] gfxterm.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2796 Jul 26 2025 [ 1664 00] gfxterm_background.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4888 Jul 26 2025 [ 1666 00] gfxterm_menu.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 Jul 26 2025 [ 1669 00] gptsync.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8744 Jul 26 2025 [ 1671 00] gzio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 Jul 26 2025 [ 1676 00] halt.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5164 Jul 26 2025 [ 1679 00] hashsum.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6504 Jul 26 2025 [ 1682 00] hdparm.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1140 Jul 26 2025 [ 1686 00] hello.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2584 Jul 26 2025 [ 1687 00] help.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3052 Jul 26 2025 [ 1689 00] hexdump.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6856 Jul 26 2025 [ 1691 00] hfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8116 Jul 26 2025 [ 1695 00] hfsplus.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2972 Jul 26 2025 [ 1699 00] hfspluscomp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5820 Jul 26 2025 [ 1701 00] http.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2452 Jul 26 2025 [ 1704 00] hwmatch.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2780 Jul 26 2025 [ 1706 00] iorw.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9252 Jul 26 2025 [ 1708 00] iso9660.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6404 Jul 26 2025 [ 1713 00] jfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7804 Jul 26 2025 [ 1717 00] jpeg.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4268 Jul 26 2025 [ 1721 00] json.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4968 Jul 26 2025 [ 1724 00] keylayouts.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 Jul 26 2025 [ 1727 00] keystatus.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6260 Jul 26 2025 [ 1728 00] ldm.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14396 Jul 26 2025 [ 1732 00] legacy_password_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 30056 Jul 26 2025 [ 1740 00] legacycfg.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13504 Jul 26 2025 [ 1755 00] linux.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5516 Jul 26 2025 [ 1762 00] linux16.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5744 Jul 26 2025 [ 1765 00] loadenv.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3312 Jul 26 2025 [ 1768 00] loopback.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3868 Jul 26 2025 [ 1770 00] ls.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4740 Jul 26 2025 [ 1772 00] lsacpi.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2236 Jul 26 2025 [ 1775 00] lsapm.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1792 Jul 26 2025 [ 1777 00] lsmmap.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4768 Jul 26 2025 [ 1778 00] lspci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3924 Jul 26 2025 [ 1781 00] luks.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14300 Jul 26 2025 [ 1783 00] luks2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8512 Jul 26 2025 [ 1790 00] lvm.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4816 Jul 26 2025 [ 1795 00] lzopio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3212 Jul 26 2025 [ 1798 00] macbless.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7376 Jul 26 2025 [ 1800 00] macho.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2020 Jul 26 2025 [ 1804 00] mda_text.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2104 Jul 26 2025 [ 1805 00] mdraid09.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1964 Jul 26 2025 [ 1807 00] mdraid09_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1880 Jul 26 2025 [ 1808 00] mdraid1x.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2096 Jul 26 2025 [ 1809 00] memdisk.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2796 Jul 26 2025 [ 1811 00] memrw.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3568 Jul 26 2025 [ 1813 00] minicmd.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3592 Jul 26 2025 [ 1815 00] minix.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3724 Jul 26 2025 [ 1817 00] minix2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3864 Jul 26 2025 [ 1819 00] minix2_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3648 Jul 26 2025 [ 1821 00] minix3.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3816 Jul 26 2025 [ 1823 00] minix3_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3732 Jul 26 2025 [ 1825 00] minix_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8480 Jul 26 2025 [ 1827 00] mmap.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5791 Jul 26 2025 [ 1832 00] moddep.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2623 Jul 26 2025 [ 1835 00] modinfo.sh \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2316 Jul 26 2025 [ 1837 00] morse.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27464 Jul 26 2025 [ 1839 00] mpi.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2392 Jul 26 2025 [ 1853 00] msdospart.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1972 Jul 26 2025 [ 1855 00] mul_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14892 Jul 26 2025 [ 1856 00] multiboot.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15924 Jul 26 2025 [ 1864 00] multiboot2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4148 Jul 26 2025 [ 1872 00] nativedisk.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 59412 Jul 26 2025 [ 1875 00] net.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3152 Jul 26 2025 [ 1905 00] newc.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6732 Jul 26 2025 [ 1907 00] nilfs2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 115084 Jul 26 2025 [ 1911 00] normal.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10632 Jul 26 2025 [ 1968 00] ntfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4308 Jul 26 2025 [ 1974 00] ntfscomp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2504 Jul 26 2025 [ 1977 00] ntldr.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2964 Jul 26 2025 [ 1979 00] odc.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1444 Jul 26 2025 [ 1981 00] offsetio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10288 Jul 26 2025 [ 1982 00] ohci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 Jul 26 2025 [ 1988 00] part_acorn.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1812 Jul 26 2025 [ 1989 00] part_amiga.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2052 Jul 26 2025 [ 1990 00] part_apple.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2680 Jul 26 2025 [ 1992 00] part_bsd.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1712 Jul 26 2025 [ 1994 00] part_dfly.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1424 Jul 26 2025 [ 1995 00] part_dvh.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2300 Jul 26 2025 [ 1996 00] part_gpt.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2284 Jul 26 2025 [ 1998 00] part_msdos.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1732 Jul 26 2025 [ 2000 00] part_plan.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1436 Jul 26 2025 [ 2001 00] part_sun.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 Jul 26 2025 [ 2002 00] part_sunpc.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 111 Jul 26 2025 [ 2003 00] partmap.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17 Jul 26 2025 [ 2004 00] parttool.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4632 Jul 26 2025 [ 2005 00] parttool.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1820 Jul 26 2025 [ 2008 00] password.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2732 Jul 26 2025 [ 2009 00] password_pbkdf2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4808 Jul 26 2025 [ 2011 00] pata.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1312 Jul 26 2025 [ 2014 00] pbkdf2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2088 Jul 26 2025 [ 2015 00] pbkdf2_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1316 Jul 26 2025 [ 2017 00] pci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 Jul 26 2025 [ 2018 00] pcidump.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11388 Jul 26 2025 [ 2020 00] pgp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7260 Jul 26 2025 [ 2026 00] plainmount.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6268 Jul 26 2025 [ 2030 00] plan9.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2448 Jul 26 2025 [ 2034 00] play.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7984 Jul 26 2025 [ 2036 00] png.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1512 Jul 26 2025 [ 2040 00] priority_queue.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3500 Jul 26 2025 [ 2041 00] probe.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2272 Jul 26 2025 [ 2043 00] procfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2144 Jul 26 2025 [ 2045 00] progress.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3672 Jul 26 2025 [ 2047 00] pxe.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2608 Jul 26 2025 [ 2049 00] pxechain.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1288 Jul 26 2025 [ 2051 00] raid5rec.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 Jul 26 2025 [ 2052 00] raid6rec.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3668 Jul 26 2025 [ 2054 00] random.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 Jul 26 2025 [ 2056 00] rdmsr.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1764 Jul 26 2025 [ 2057 00] read.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1628 Jul 26 2025 [ 2058 00] reboot.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 50888 Jul 26 2025 [ 2059 00] regexp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8664 Jul 26 2025 [ 2084 00] reiserfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15036 Jul 26 2025 [ 2089 00] relocator.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4080 Jul 26 2025 [ 2097 00] romfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4612 Jul 26 2025 [ 2099 00] scsi.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3688 Jul 26 2025 [ 2102 00] search.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3128 Jul 26 2025 [ 2104 00] search_fs_file.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3192 Jul 26 2025 [ 2106 00] search_fs_uuid.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3124 Jul 26 2025 [ 2108 00] search_label.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6996 Jul 26 2025 [ 2110 00] sendkey.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9948 Jul 26 2025 [ 2114 00] serial.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 628 Jul 26 2025 [ 2119 00] setjmp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1624 Jul 26 2025 [ 2120 00] setjmp_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5208 Jul 26 2025 [ 2121 00] setpci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5100 Jul 26 2025 [ 2124 00] sfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2424 Jul 26 2025 [ 2127 00] shift_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6360 Jul 26 2025 [ 2129 00] signature_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2116 Jul 26 2025 [ 2133 00] sleep.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2312 Jul 26 2025 [ 2135 00] sleep_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 Jul 26 2025 [ 2137 00] smbios.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2008 Jul 26 2025 [ 2140 00] spkmodem.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7200 Jul 26 2025 [ 2141 00] squash4.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2112 Jul 26 2025 [ 2145 00] strtoull_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17344 Jul 26 2025 [ 2147 00] syslinuxcfg.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3504 Jul 26 2025 [ 2156 00] tar.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 202 Jul 26 2025 [ 2158 00] terminal.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4432 Jul 26 2025 [ 2159 00] terminal.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 12212 Jul 26 2025 [ 2162 00] terminfo.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5208 Jul 26 2025 [ 2168 00] test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1272 Jul 26 2025 [ 2171 00] test_blockarg.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2712 Jul 26 2025 [ 2172 00] testload.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2244 Jul 26 2025 [ 2174 00] testspeed.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5360 Jul 26 2025 [ 2176 00] tftp.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4592 Jul 26 2025 [ 2179 00] tga.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1456 Jul 26 2025 [ 2182 00] time.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2320 Jul 26 2025 [ 2183 00] tr.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1656 Jul 26 2025 [ 2185 00] trig.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1152 Jul 26 2025 [ 2186 00] true.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3556 Jul 26 2025 [ 2187 00] truecrypt.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8784 Jul 26 2025 [ 2189 00] udf.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5236 Jul 26 2025 [ 2194 00] ufs1.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5652 Jul 26 2025 [ 2197 00] ufs1_be.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5348 Jul 26 2025 [ 2200 00] ufs2.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6492 Jul 26 2025 [ 2203 00] uhci.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10368 Jul 26 2025 [ 2207 00] usb.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 Jul 26 2025 [ 2213 00] usb_keyboard.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6936 Jul 26 2025 [ 2215 00] usbms.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 Jul 26 2025 [ 2219 00] usbserial_common.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2272 Jul 26 2025 [ 2220 00] usbserial_ftdi.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2632 Jul 26 2025 [ 2222 00] usbserial_pl2303.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1460 Jul 26 2025 [ 2224 00] usbserial_usbdebug.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3560 Jul 26 2025 [ 2225 00] usbtest.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9684 Jul 26 2025 [ 2227 00] vbe.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2608 Jul 26 2025 [ 2232 00] verifiers.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4940 Jul 26 2025 [ 2234 00] vga.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2128 Jul 26 2025 [ 2237 00] vga_text.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33 Jul 26 2025 [ 2239 00] video.lst \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5928 Jul 26 2025 [ 2240 00] video.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5548 Jul 26 2025 [ 2243 00] video_bochs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6020 Jul 26 2025 [ 2246 00] video_cirrus.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5612 Jul 26 2025 [ 2249 00] video_colors.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 21312 Jul 26 2025 [ 2252 00] video_fb.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3976 Jul 26 2025 [ 2263 00] videoinfo.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4216 Jul 26 2025 [ 2265 00] videotest.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 Jul 26 2025 [ 2268 00] videotest_checksum.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1448 Jul 26 2025 [ 2270 00] wrmsr.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8196 Jul 26 2025 [ 2271 00] xfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27288 Jul 26 2025 [ 2276 00] xnu.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2084 Jul 26 2025 [ 2290 00] xnu_uuid.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 Jul 26 2025 [ 2292 00] xnu_uuid_test.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14940 Jul 26 2025 [ 2293 00] xzio.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 40876 Jul 26 2025 [ 2301 00] zfs.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5468 Jul 26 2025 [ 2321 00] zfscrypt.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6484 Jul 26 2025 [ 2324 00] zfsinfo.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 45736 Jul 26 2025 [ 2328 00] zstd.mod \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Aug 28 2026 [ 24 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7820 Aug 28 2026 [ 1228 00] 915resolution.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10576 Aug 28 2026 [ 1232 00] acpi.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1200 Aug 28 2026 [ 1238 00] adler32.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5644 Aug 28 2026 [ 1239 00] affs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6048 Aug 28 2026 [ 1242 00] afs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1508 Aug 28 2026 [ 1245 00] afsplitter.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15608 Aug 28 2026 [ 1246 00] ahci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 492 Aug 28 2026 [ 1254 00] all_video.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 Aug 28 2026 [ 1255 00] aout.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3024 Aug 28 2026 [ 1256 00] archelp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4116 Aug 28 2026 [ 1258 00] at_keyboard.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5544 Aug 28 2026 [ 1261 00] ata.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1576 Aug 28 2026 [ 1264 00] backtrace.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6764 Aug 28 2026 [ 1265 00] bfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 Aug 28 2026 [ 1269 00] biosdisk.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 Aug 28 2026 [ 1272 00] bitmap.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3596 Aug 28 2026 [ 1274 00] bitmap_scale.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2004 Aug 28 2026 [ 1276 00] blocklist.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2628 Aug 28 2026 [ 1277 00] boot.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31272 Aug 28 2026 [ 1279 00] bsd.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 Aug 28 2026 [ 1295 00] bswap_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 20048 Aug 28 2026 [ 1297 00] btrfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2092 Aug 28 2026 [ 1307 00] bufio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2816 Aug 28 2026 [ 1309 00] cat.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3872 Aug 28 2026 [ 1311 00] cbfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3336 Aug 28 2026 [ 1313 00] cbls.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2440 Aug 28 2026 [ 1315 00] cbmemc.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1048 Aug 28 2026 [ 1317 00] cbtable.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2752 Aug 28 2026 [ 1318 00] cbtime.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3396 Aug 28 2026 [ 1320 00] chain.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2944 Aug 28 2026 [ 1322 00] cmdline_cat_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1164 Aug 28 2026 [ 1324 00] cmosdump.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1824 Aug 28 2026 [ 1325 00] cmostest.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2208 Aug 28 2026 [ 1326 00] cmp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4580 Aug 28 2026 [ 1328 00] cmp_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3931 Aug 28 2026 [ 1331 00] command.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2204 Aug 28 2026 [ 1333 00] configfile.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2744 Aug 28 2026 [ 1335 00] cpio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2980 Aug 28 2026 [ 1337 00] cpio_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1652 Aug 28 2026 [ 1339 00] cpuid.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1552 Aug 28 2026 [ 1340 00] crc64.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 936 Aug 28 2026 [ 1341 00] crypto.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4896 Aug 28 2026 [ 1342 00] crypto.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14720 Aug 28 2026 [ 1345 00] cryptodisk.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3584 Aug 28 2026 [ 1353 00] cs5536.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1684 Aug 28 2026 [ 1355 00] ctz_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2096 Aug 28 2026 [ 1356 00] date.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1720 Aug 28 2026 [ 1358 00] datehook.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2148 Aug 28 2026 [ 1359 00] datetime.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 Aug 28 2026 [ 1361 00] disk.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9816 Aug 28 2026 [ 1363 00] diskfilter.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 Aug 28 2026 [ 1368 00] div.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 Aug 28 2026 [ 1369 00] div_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1768 Aug 28 2026 [ 1372 00] dm_nv.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5296 Aug 28 2026 [ 1373 00] drivemap.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1896 Aug 28 2026 [ 1376 00] echo.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 23624 Aug 28 2026 [ 1377 00] efiemu.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7644 Aug 28 2026 [ 1389 00] efiemu32.o \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11048 Aug 28 2026 [ 1393 00] efiemu64.o \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16128 Aug 28 2026 [ 1399 00] ehci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5824 Aug 28 2026 [ 1407 00] elf.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31318 Aug 28 2026 [ 1410 00] eltorito.img \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1368 Aug 28 2026 [ 1426 00] eval.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5988 Aug 28 2026 [ 1427 00] exfat.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1380 Aug 28 2026 [ 1430 00] exfctest.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6120 Aug 28 2026 [ 1431 00] ext2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4620 Aug 28 2026 [ 1434 00] extcmd.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6628 Aug 28 2026 [ 1437 00] f2fs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6132 Aug 28 2026 [ 1441 00] fat.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17100 Aug 28 2026 [ 1444 00] file.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13840 Aug 28 2026 [ 1453 00] font.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2612 Aug 28 2026 [ 1460 00] freedos.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 219 Aug 28 2026 [ 1462 00] fs.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2924 Aug 28 2026 [ 1463 00] fshelp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 34144 Aug 28 2026 [ 1465 00] functional_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1580 Aug 28 2026 [ 1482 00] gcry_arcfour.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7976 Aug 28 2026 [ 1483 00] gcry_blowfish.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33532 Aug 28 2026 [ 1487 00] gcry_camellia.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16304 Aug 28 2026 [ 1504 00] gcry_cast5.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10516 Aug 28 2026 [ 1512 00] gcry_crc.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19084 Aug 28 2026 [ 1518 00] gcry_des.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2180 Aug 28 2026 [ 1528 00] gcry_dsa.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2872 Aug 28 2026 [ 1530 00] gcry_idea.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3024 Aug 28 2026 [ 1532 00] gcry_md4.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3632 Aug 28 2026 [ 1534 00] gcry_md5.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2260 Aug 28 2026 [ 1536 00] gcry_rfc2268.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19300 Aug 28 2026 [ 1538 00] gcry_rijndael.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8200 Aug 28 2026 [ 1548 00] gcry_rmd160.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1960 Aug 28 2026 [ 1553 00] gcry_rsa.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14772 Aug 28 2026 [ 1554 00] gcry_seed.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17740 Aug 28 2026 [ 1562 00] gcry_serpent.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8536 Aug 28 2026 [ 1571 00] gcry_sha1.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4324 Aug 28 2026 [ 1576 00] gcry_sha256.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7724 Aug 28 2026 [ 1579 00] gcry_sha512.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13472 Aug 28 2026 [ 1583 00] gcry_tiger.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 36800 Aug 28 2026 [ 1590 00] gcry_twofish.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 24504 Aug 28 2026 [ 1608 00] gcry_whirlpool.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 25096 Aug 28 2026 [ 1620 00] gdb.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5600 Aug 28 2026 [ 1633 00] geli.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4892 Aug 28 2026 [ 1636 00] gettext.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 39012 Aug 28 2026 [ 1639 00] gfxmenu.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9872 Aug 28 2026 [ 1659 00] gfxterm.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2796 Aug 28 2026 [ 1664 00] gfxterm_background.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4888 Aug 28 2026 [ 1666 00] gfxterm_menu.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 Aug 28 2026 [ 1669 00] gptsync.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8744 Aug 28 2026 [ 1671 00] gzio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 Aug 28 2026 [ 1676 00] halt.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5164 Aug 28 2026 [ 1679 00] hashsum.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6504 Aug 28 2026 [ 1682 00] hdparm.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1140 Aug 28 2026 [ 1686 00] hello.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2584 Aug 28 2026 [ 1687 00] help.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3052 Aug 28 2026 [ 1689 00] hexdump.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6856 Aug 28 2026 [ 1691 00] hfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8116 Aug 28 2026 [ 1695 00] hfsplus.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2972 Aug 28 2026 [ 1699 00] hfspluscomp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5820 Aug 28 2026 [ 1701 00] http.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2452 Aug 28 2026 [ 1704 00] hwmatch.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2780 Aug 28 2026 [ 1706 00] iorw.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9252 Aug 28 2026 [ 1708 00] iso9660.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6404 Aug 28 2026 [ 1713 00] jfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7804 Aug 28 2026 [ 1717 00] jpeg.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4268 Aug 28 2026 [ 1721 00] json.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4968 Aug 28 2026 [ 1724 00] keylayouts.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 Aug 28 2026 [ 1727 00] keystatus.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6260 Aug 28 2026 [ 1728 00] ldm.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14396 Aug 28 2026 [ 1732 00] legacy_password_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 30056 Aug 28 2026 [ 1740 00] legacycfg.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13504 Aug 28 2026 [ 1755 00] linux.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5516 Aug 28 2026 [ 1762 00] linux16.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5744 Aug 28 2026 [ 1765 00] loadenv.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3312 Aug 28 2026 [ 1768 00] loopback.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3868 Aug 28 2026 [ 1770 00] ls.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4740 Aug 28 2026 [ 1772 00] lsacpi.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2236 Aug 28 2026 [ 1775 00] lsapm.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1792 Aug 28 2026 [ 1777 00] lsmmap.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4768 Aug 28 2026 [ 1778 00] lspci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3924 Aug 28 2026 [ 1781 00] luks.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14300 Aug 28 2026 [ 1783 00] luks2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8512 Aug 28 2026 [ 1790 00] lvm.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4816 Aug 28 2026 [ 1795 00] lzopio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3212 Aug 28 2026 [ 1798 00] macbless.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7376 Aug 28 2026 [ 1800 00] macho.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2020 Aug 28 2026 [ 1804 00] mda_text.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2104 Aug 28 2026 [ 1805 00] mdraid09.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1964 Aug 28 2026 [ 1807 00] mdraid09_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1880 Aug 28 2026 [ 1808 00] mdraid1x.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2096 Aug 28 2026 [ 1809 00] memdisk.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2796 Aug 28 2026 [ 1811 00] memrw.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3568 Aug 28 2026 [ 1813 00] minicmd.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3592 Aug 28 2026 [ 1815 00] minix.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3724 Aug 28 2026 [ 1817 00] minix2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3864 Aug 28 2026 [ 1819 00] minix2_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3648 Aug 28 2026 [ 1821 00] minix3.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3816 Aug 28 2026 [ 1823 00] minix3_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3732 Aug 28 2026 [ 1825 00] minix_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8480 Aug 28 2026 [ 1827 00] mmap.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5791 Aug 28 2026 [ 1832 00] moddep.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2621 Aug 28 2026 [ 1835 00] modinfo.sh \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2316 Aug 28 2026 [ 1837 00] morse.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27464 Aug 28 2026 [ 1839 00] mpi.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2392 Aug 28 2026 [ 1853 00] msdospart.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1972 Aug 28 2026 [ 1855 00] mul_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14892 Aug 28 2026 [ 1856 00] multiboot.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15924 Aug 28 2026 [ 1864 00] multiboot2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4148 Aug 28 2026 [ 1872 00] nativedisk.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 59412 Aug 28 2026 [ 1875 00] net.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3152 Aug 28 2026 [ 1905 00] newc.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6732 Aug 28 2026 [ 1907 00] nilfs2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 115084 Aug 28 2026 [ 1911 00] normal.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10632 Aug 28 2026 [ 1968 00] ntfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4308 Aug 28 2026 [ 1974 00] ntfscomp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2504 Aug 28 2026 [ 1977 00] ntldr.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2964 Aug 28 2026 [ 1979 00] odc.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1444 Aug 28 2026 [ 1981 00] offsetio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10288 Aug 28 2026 [ 1982 00] ohci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 Aug 28 2026 [ 1988 00] part_acorn.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1812 Aug 28 2026 [ 1989 00] part_amiga.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2052 Aug 28 2026 [ 1990 00] part_apple.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2680 Aug 28 2026 [ 1992 00] part_bsd.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1712 Aug 28 2026 [ 1994 00] part_dfly.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1424 Aug 28 2026 [ 1995 00] part_dvh.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2300 Aug 28 2026 [ 1996 00] part_gpt.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2284 Aug 28 2026 [ 1998 00] part_msdos.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1732 Aug 28 2026 [ 2000 00] part_plan.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1436 Aug 28 2026 [ 2001 00] part_sun.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 Aug 28 2026 [ 2002 00] part_sunpc.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 111 Aug 28 2026 [ 2003 00] partmap.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17 Aug 28 2026 [ 2004 00] parttool.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4632 Aug 28 2026 [ 2005 00] parttool.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1820 Aug 28 2026 [ 2008 00] password.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2732 Aug 28 2026 [ 2009 00] password_pbkdf2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4808 Aug 28 2026 [ 2011 00] pata.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1312 Aug 28 2026 [ 2014 00] pbkdf2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2088 Aug 28 2026 [ 2015 00] pbkdf2_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1316 Aug 28 2026 [ 2017 00] pci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 Aug 28 2026 [ 2018 00] pcidump.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11388 Aug 28 2026 [ 2020 00] pgp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7260 Aug 28 2026 [ 2026 00] plainmount.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6268 Aug 28 2026 [ 2030 00] plan9.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2448 Aug 28 2026 [ 2034 00] play.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7984 Aug 28 2026 [ 2036 00] png.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1512 Aug 28 2026 [ 2040 00] priority_queue.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3500 Aug 28 2026 [ 2041 00] probe.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2272 Aug 28 2026 [ 2043 00] procfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2144 Aug 28 2026 [ 2045 00] progress.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3672 Aug 28 2026 [ 2047 00] pxe.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2608 Aug 28 2026 [ 2049 00] pxechain.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1288 Aug 28 2026 [ 2051 00] raid5rec.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 Aug 28 2026 [ 2052 00] raid6rec.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3668 Aug 28 2026 [ 2054 00] random.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 Aug 28 2026 [ 2056 00] rdmsr.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1764 Aug 28 2026 [ 2057 00] read.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1628 Aug 28 2026 [ 2058 00] reboot.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 50888 Aug 28 2026 [ 2059 00] regexp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8664 Aug 28 2026 [ 2084 00] reiserfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15036 Aug 28 2026 [ 2089 00] relocator.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4080 Aug 28 2026 [ 2097 00] romfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4612 Aug 28 2026 [ 2099 00] scsi.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3688 Aug 28 2026 [ 2102 00] search.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3128 Aug 28 2026 [ 2104 00] search_fs_file.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3192 Aug 28 2026 [ 2106 00] search_fs_uuid.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3124 Aug 28 2026 [ 2108 00] search_label.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6996 Aug 28 2026 [ 2110 00] sendkey.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9948 Aug 28 2026 [ 2114 00] serial.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 628 Aug 28 2026 [ 2119 00] setjmp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1624 Aug 28 2026 [ 2120 00] setjmp_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5208 Aug 28 2026 [ 2121 00] setpci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5100 Aug 28 2026 [ 2124 00] sfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2424 Aug 28 2026 [ 2127 00] shift_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6360 Aug 28 2026 [ 2129 00] signature_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2116 Aug 28 2026 [ 2133 00] sleep.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2312 Aug 28 2026 [ 2135 00] sleep_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 Aug 28 2026 [ 2137 00] smbios.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2008 Aug 28 2026 [ 2140 00] spkmodem.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7200 Aug 28 2026 [ 2141 00] squash4.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2112 Aug 28 2026 [ 2145 00] strtoull_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17344 Aug 28 2026 [ 2147 00] syslinuxcfg.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3504 Aug 28 2026 [ 2156 00] tar.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 202 Aug 28 2026 [ 2158 00] terminal.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4432 Aug 28 2026 [ 2159 00] terminal.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 12212 Aug 28 2026 [ 2162 00] terminfo.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5208 Aug 28 2026 [ 2168 00] test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1272 Aug 28 2026 [ 2171 00] test_blockarg.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2712 Aug 28 2026 [ 2172 00] testload.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2244 Aug 28 2026 [ 2174 00] testspeed.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5360 Aug 28 2026 [ 2176 00] tftp.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4592 Aug 28 2026 [ 2179 00] tga.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1456 Aug 28 2026 [ 2182 00] time.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2320 Aug 28 2026 [ 2183 00] tr.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1656 Aug 28 2026 [ 2185 00] trig.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1152 Aug 28 2026 [ 2186 00] true.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3556 Aug 28 2026 [ 2187 00] truecrypt.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8784 Aug 28 2026 [ 2189 00] udf.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5236 Aug 28 2026 [ 2194 00] ufs1.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5652 Aug 28 2026 [ 2197 00] ufs1_be.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5348 Aug 28 2026 [ 2200 00] ufs2.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6492 Aug 28 2026 [ 2203 00] uhci.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10368 Aug 28 2026 [ 2207 00] usb.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 Aug 28 2026 [ 2213 00] usb_keyboard.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6936 Aug 28 2026 [ 2215 00] usbms.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 Aug 28 2026 [ 2219 00] usbserial_common.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2272 Aug 28 2026 [ 2220 00] usbserial_ftdi.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2632 Aug 28 2026 [ 2222 00] usbserial_pl2303.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1460 Aug 28 2026 [ 2224 00] usbserial_usbdebug.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3560 Aug 28 2026 [ 2225 00] usbtest.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9684 Aug 28 2026 [ 2227 00] vbe.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2608 Aug 28 2026 [ 2232 00] verifiers.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4940 Aug 28 2026 [ 2234 00] vga.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2128 Aug 28 2026 [ 2237 00] vga_text.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33 Aug 28 2026 [ 2239 00] video.lst \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5928 Aug 28 2026 [ 2240 00] video.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5548 Aug 28 2026 [ 2243 00] video_bochs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6020 Aug 28 2026 [ 2246 00] video_cirrus.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5612 Aug 28 2026 [ 2249 00] video_colors.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 21312 Aug 28 2026 [ 2252 00] video_fb.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3976 Aug 28 2026 [ 2263 00] videoinfo.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4216 Aug 28 2026 [ 2265 00] videotest.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 Aug 28 2026 [ 2268 00] videotest_checksum.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1448 Aug 28 2026 [ 2270 00] wrmsr.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8196 Aug 28 2026 [ 2271 00] xfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27288 Aug 28 2026 [ 2276 00] xnu.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2084 Aug 28 2026 [ 2290 00] xnu_uuid.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 Aug 28 2026 [ 2292 00] xnu_uuid_test.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14940 Aug 28 2026 [ 2293 00] xzio.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 40876 Aug 28 2026 [ 2301 00] zfs.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5468 Aug 28 2026 [ 2321 00] zfscrypt.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6484 Aug 28 2026 [ 2324 00] zfsinfo.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 45736 Aug 28 2026 [ 2328 00] zstd.mod \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/locale/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 43 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 43 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/roms/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 44 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 44 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n"}, {"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,298 +1,298 @@\n-dr-xr-xr-x 3 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:19.000000 .\n-dr-xr-xr-x 3 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot\n-dr-xr-xr-x 6 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub\n-dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/fonts\n-dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 38912 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc\n-dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/locale\n-dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/roms\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot.catalog\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2411806 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/fonts/unicode.pf2\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 2025-07-26 14:05:19.000000 boot/grub/grub.cfg\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7820 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/915resolution.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10576 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/acpi.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1200 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/adler32.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5644 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/affs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6048 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/afs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1508 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/afsplitter.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15608 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ahci.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 492 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/all_video.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/aout.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3024 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/archelp.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4116 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/at_keyboard.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5544 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ata.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1576 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/backtrace.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6764 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/biosdisk.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bitmap.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3596 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bitmap_scale.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2004 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/blocklist.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2628 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/boot.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31272 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bsd.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bswap_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 20048 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/btrfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2092 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bufio.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2816 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cat.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3872 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3336 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbls.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2440 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbmemc.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1048 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbtable.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2752 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbtime.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3396 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/chain.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2944 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmdline_cat_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1164 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmosdump.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1824 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmostest.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2208 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmp.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4580 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmp_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3931 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/command.lst\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2204 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/configfile.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2744 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpio.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2980 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpio_be.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1652 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpuid.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1552 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crc64.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 936 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crypto.lst\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4896 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crypto.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14720 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cryptodisk.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3584 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cs5536.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1684 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ctz_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2096 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/date.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1720 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/datehook.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2148 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/datetime.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/disk.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9816 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/diskfilter.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/div.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/div_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1768 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/dm_nv.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5296 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/drivemap.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1896 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/echo.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 23624 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7644 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu32.o\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11048 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu64.o\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16128 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ehci.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5824 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/elf.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31318 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/eltorito.img\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1368 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/eval.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5988 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/exfat.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1380 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/exfctest.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6120 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ext2.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4620 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/extcmd.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6628 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/f2fs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6132 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fat.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17100 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/file.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13840 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/font.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2612 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/freedos.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 219 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fs.lst\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2924 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fshelp.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 34144 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/functional_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1580 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_arcfour.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7976 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_blowfish.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33532 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_camellia.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16304 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_cast5.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10516 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_crc.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19084 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_des.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2180 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_dsa.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2872 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_idea.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3024 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_md4.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3632 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_md5.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2260 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rfc2268.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19300 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rijndael.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8200 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rmd160.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1960 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rsa.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14772 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_seed.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17740 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_serpent.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8536 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha1.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4324 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha256.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7724 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha512.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13472 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_tiger.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 36800 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_twofish.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 24504 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_whirlpool.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 25096 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gdb.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5600 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/geli.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4892 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gettext.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 39012 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxmenu.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9872 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2796 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm_background.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4888 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm_menu.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gptsync.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8744 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gzio.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/halt.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5164 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hashsum.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6504 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hdparm.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1140 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hello.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2584 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/help.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3052 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hexdump.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6856 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8116 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfsplus.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2972 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfspluscomp.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5820 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/http.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2452 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hwmatch.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2780 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/iorw.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9252 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/iso9660.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6404 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/jfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7804 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/jpeg.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4268 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/json.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4968 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/keylayouts.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/keystatus.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6260 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ldm.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14396 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/legacy_password_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 30056 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/legacycfg.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13504 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/linux.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5516 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/linux16.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5744 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/loadenv.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3312 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/loopback.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3868 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ls.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4740 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsacpi.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2236 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsapm.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1792 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsmmap.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4768 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lspci.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3924 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/luks.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14300 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/luks2.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8512 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lvm.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4816 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lzopio.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3212 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/macbless.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7376 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/macho.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2020 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mda_text.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2104 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid09.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1964 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid09_be.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1880 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid1x.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2096 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/memdisk.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2796 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/memrw.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3568 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minicmd.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3592 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3724 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix2.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3864 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix2_be.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3648 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix3.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3816 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix3_be.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3732 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix_be.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8480 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mmap.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5791 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/moddep.lst\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2623 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2316 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/morse.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27464 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mpi.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2392 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/msdospart.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1972 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mul_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14892 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/multiboot.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15924 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/multiboot2.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4148 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/nativedisk.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 59412 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/net.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3152 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/newc.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6732 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/nilfs2.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 115084 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/normal.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10632 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4308 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntfscomp.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2504 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntldr.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2964 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/odc.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1444 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/offsetio.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10288 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ohci.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_acorn.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1812 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_amiga.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2052 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_apple.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2680 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_bsd.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1712 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_dfly.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1424 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_dvh.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2300 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_gpt.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2284 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_msdos.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1732 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_plan.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1436 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_sun.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_sunpc.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 111 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/partmap.lst\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/parttool.lst\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4632 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/parttool.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1820 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/password.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2732 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/password_pbkdf2.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4808 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pata.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1312 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pbkdf2.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2088 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pbkdf2_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1316 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pci.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pcidump.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11388 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pgp.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7260 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/plainmount.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6268 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/plan9.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2448 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/play.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7984 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/png.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1512 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/priority_queue.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3500 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/probe.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2272 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/procfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2144 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/progress.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3672 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pxe.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2608 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pxechain.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1288 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/raid5rec.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/raid6rec.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3668 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/random.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/rdmsr.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1764 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/read.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1628 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/reboot.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 50888 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/regexp.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8664 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/reiserfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15036 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/relocator.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4080 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/romfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4612 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/scsi.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3688 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3128 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_fs_file.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3192 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_fs_uuid.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3124 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_label.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6996 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sendkey.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9948 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/serial.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 628 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setjmp.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1624 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setjmp_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5208 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setpci.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5100 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2424 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/shift_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6360 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/signature_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2116 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sleep.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2312 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sleep_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/smbios.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2008 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/spkmodem.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7200 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/squash4.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2112 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/strtoull_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17344 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/syslinuxcfg.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3504 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tar.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 202 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminal.lst\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4432 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminal.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 12212 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminfo.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5208 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1272 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/test_blockarg.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2712 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/testload.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2244 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/testspeed.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5360 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tftp.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4592 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tga.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1456 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/time.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2320 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tr.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1656 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/trig.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1152 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/true.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3556 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/truecrypt.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8784 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/udf.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5236 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs1.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5652 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs1_be.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5348 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs2.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6492 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/uhci.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10368 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usb.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usb_keyboard.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6936 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbms.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_common.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2272 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_ftdi.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2632 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_pl2303.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1460 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_usbdebug.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3560 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbtest.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9684 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vbe.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2608 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/verifiers.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4940 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vga.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2128 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vga_text.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video.lst\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5928 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5548 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_bochs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6020 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_cirrus.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5612 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_colors.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 21312 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_fb.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3976 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videoinfo.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4216 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videotest.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videotest_checksum.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1448 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/wrmsr.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8196 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27288 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2084 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu_uuid.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu_uuid_test.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14940 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xzio.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 40876 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfs.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5468 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfscrypt.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6484 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfsinfo.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 45736 2025-07-26 14:05:23.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zstd.mod\n+dr-xr-xr-x 3 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 .\n+dr-xr-xr-x 3 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot\n+dr-xr-xr-x 6 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub\n+dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/fonts\n+dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 38912 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc\n+dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/locale\n+dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/roms\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot.catalog\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2411806 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/fonts/unicode.pf2\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/grub.cfg\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7820 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/915resolution.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10576 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/acpi.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1200 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/adler32.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5644 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/affs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/afs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1508 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/afsplitter.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15608 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ahci.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 492 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/all_video.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/aout.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3024 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/archelp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4116 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/at_keyboard.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5544 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ata.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1576 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/backtrace.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6764 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/biosdisk.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bitmap.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3596 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bitmap_scale.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2004 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/blocklist.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2628 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/boot.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31272 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bsd.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bswap_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 20048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/btrfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2092 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bufio.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2816 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cat.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3872 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3336 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbls.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2440 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbmemc.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbtable.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2752 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbtime.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3396 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/chain.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2944 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmdline_cat_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1164 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmosdump.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1824 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmostest.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2208 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4580 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmp_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3931 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/command.lst\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2204 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/configfile.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2744 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpio.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2980 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpio_be.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1652 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpuid.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1552 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crc64.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 936 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crypto.lst\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4896 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crypto.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14720 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cryptodisk.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3584 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cs5536.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1684 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ctz_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2096 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/date.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1720 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/datehook.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2148 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/datetime.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/disk.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9816 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/diskfilter.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 956 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/div.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/div_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1768 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/dm_nv.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5296 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/drivemap.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1896 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/echo.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 23624 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7644 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu32.o\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu64.o\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16128 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ehci.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5824 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/elf.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 31318 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/eltorito.img\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1368 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/eval.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5988 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/exfat.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1380 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/exfctest.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6120 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ext2.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4620 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/extcmd.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6628 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/f2fs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6132 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fat.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17100 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/file.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13840 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/font.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2612 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/freedos.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 219 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fs.lst\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2924 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fshelp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 34144 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/functional_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1580 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_arcfour.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7976 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_blowfish.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33532 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_camellia.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 16304 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_cast5.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10516 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_crc.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19084 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_des.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2180 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_dsa.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2872 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_idea.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3024 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_md4.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3632 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_md5.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2260 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rfc2268.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 19300 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rijndael.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8200 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rmd160.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1960 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rsa.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14772 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_seed.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17740 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_serpent.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8536 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha1.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4324 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha256.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7724 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha512.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13472 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_tiger.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 36800 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_twofish.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 24504 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_whirlpool.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 25096 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gdb.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5600 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/geli.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4892 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gettext.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 39012 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxmenu.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9872 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2796 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm_background.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4888 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm_menu.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gptsync.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8744 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gzio.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4616 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/halt.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5164 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hashsum.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6504 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hdparm.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1140 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hello.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2584 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/help.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3052 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hexdump.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6856 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8116 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfsplus.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2972 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfspluscomp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5820 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/http.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2452 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hwmatch.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2780 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/iorw.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9252 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/iso9660.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6404 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/jfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7804 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/jpeg.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4268 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/json.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4968 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/keylayouts.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/keystatus.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6260 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ldm.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14396 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/legacy_password_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 30056 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/legacycfg.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 13504 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/linux.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5516 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/linux16.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5744 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/loadenv.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3312 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/loopback.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3868 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ls.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4740 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsacpi.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2236 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsapm.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1792 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsmmap.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4768 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lspci.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3924 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/luks.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14300 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/luks2.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8512 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lvm.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4816 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lzopio.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3212 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/macbless.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7376 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/macho.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2020 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mda_text.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2104 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid09.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1964 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid09_be.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1880 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid1x.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2096 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/memdisk.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2796 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/memrw.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3568 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minicmd.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3592 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3724 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix2.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3864 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix2_be.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3648 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix3.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3816 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix3_be.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3732 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix_be.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8480 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mmap.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5791 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/moddep.lst\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2621 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2316 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/morse.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27464 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mpi.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2392 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/msdospart.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1972 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mul_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14892 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/multiboot.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15924 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/multiboot2.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4148 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/nativedisk.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 59412 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/net.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3152 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/newc.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6732 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/nilfs2.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 115084 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/normal.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10632 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4308 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntfscomp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2504 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntldr.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2964 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/odc.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1444 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/offsetio.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10288 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ohci.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_acorn.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1812 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_amiga.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2052 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_apple.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2680 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_bsd.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1712 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_dfly.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1424 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_dvh.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2300 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_gpt.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2284 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_msdos.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1732 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_plan.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1436 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_sun.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1588 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_sunpc.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 111 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/partmap.lst\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/parttool.lst\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4632 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/parttool.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1820 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/password.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2732 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/password_pbkdf2.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4808 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pata.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1312 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pbkdf2.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2088 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pbkdf2_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1316 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pci.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2364 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pcidump.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 11388 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pgp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7260 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/plainmount.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6268 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/plan9.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2448 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/play.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7984 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/png.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1512 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/priority_queue.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3500 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/probe.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2272 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/procfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2144 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/progress.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3672 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pxe.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2608 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pxechain.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1288 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/raid5rec.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2188 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/raid6rec.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3668 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/random.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1832 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/rdmsr.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1764 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/read.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1628 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/reboot.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 50888 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/regexp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8664 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/reiserfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 15036 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/relocator.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4080 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/romfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4612 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/scsi.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3688 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3128 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_fs_file.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3192 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_fs_uuid.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3124 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_label.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6996 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sendkey.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9948 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/serial.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 628 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setjmp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1624 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setjmp_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5208 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setpci.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5100 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2424 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/shift_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6360 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/signature_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2116 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sleep.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2312 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sleep_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5504 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/smbios.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2008 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/spkmodem.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 7200 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/squash4.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2112 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/strtoull_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 17344 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/syslinuxcfg.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3504 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tar.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 202 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminal.lst\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4432 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminal.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 12212 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminfo.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5208 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1272 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/test_blockarg.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2712 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/testload.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2244 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/testspeed.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5360 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tftp.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4592 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tga.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1456 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/time.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2320 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tr.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1656 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/trig.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1152 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/true.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3556 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/truecrypt.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8784 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/udf.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5236 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs1.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5652 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs1_be.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5348 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs2.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6492 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/uhci.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 10368 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usb.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3740 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usb_keyboard.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6936 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbms.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_common.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2272 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_ftdi.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2632 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_pl2303.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1460 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_usbdebug.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3560 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbtest.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 9684 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vbe.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2608 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/verifiers.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4940 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vga.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2128 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vga_text.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 33 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video.lst\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5928 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5548 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_bochs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6020 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_cirrus.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5612 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_colors.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 21312 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_fb.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 3976 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videoinfo.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 4216 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videotest.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2280 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videotest_checksum.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1448 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/wrmsr.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 8196 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 27288 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2084 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu_uuid.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1924 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu_uuid_test.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 14940 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xzio.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 40876 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfs.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 5468 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfscrypt.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 6484 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfsinfo.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 45736 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zstd.mod\n"}, {"source1": "boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "source2": "boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=pc\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub-rescue/grub-rescue-floppy.img", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub-rescue/grub-rescue-floppy.img", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "isoinfo -l -i {}", "source2": "isoinfo -l -i {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,324 +1,324 @@\n \n Directory listing of /\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] boot \n----------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 48 00] boot.cat;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] boot \n+---------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 48 00] boot.cat;1 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] grub \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] grub \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] .. \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 23 02] fonts \n----------- 0 0 0 1705 Jul 26 2025 [ 49 00] grub.cfg;1 \n-d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Jul 26 2025 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 43 02] locale \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 44 02] roms \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 23 02] fonts \n+---------- 0 0 0 1705 Aug 28 2026 [ 49 00] grub.cfg;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Aug 28 2026 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 43 02] locale \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 44 02] roms \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/fonts/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 23 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 23 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/i386-pc/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Jul 26 2025 [ 24 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n----------- 0 0 0 3588 Jul 26 2025 [ 50 00] 915resol.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4328 Jul 26 2025 [ 52 00] acpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 552 Jul 26 2025 [ 55 00] adler32.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2672 Jul 26 2025 [ 56 00] affs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3200 Jul 26 2025 [ 58 00] afs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 836 Jul 26 2025 [ 60 00] afsplitt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5056 Jul 26 2025 [ 61 00] ahci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 240 Jul 26 2025 [ 64 00] all_vide.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 500 Jul 26 2025 [ 65 00] aout.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1664 Jul 26 2025 [ 66 00] archelp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2024 Jul 26 2025 [ 67 00] at_keybo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2708 Jul 26 2025 [ 68 00] ata.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 756 Jul 26 2025 [ 70 00] backtrac.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3620 Jul 26 2025 [ 71 00] bfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2532 Jul 26 2025 [ 73 00] biosdisk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1156 Jul 26 2025 [ 75 00] bitmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2024 Jul 26 2025 [ 76 00] bitmap_s.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1084 Jul 26 2025 [ 77 00] blocklis.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1188 Jul 26 2025 [ 78 00] boot.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 12580 Jul 26 2025 [ 79 00] bsd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1064 Jul 26 2025 [ 86 00] bswap_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9264 Jul 26 2025 [ 87 00] btrfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1108 Jul 26 2025 [ 92 00] bufio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1364 Jul 26 2025 [ 93 00] cat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1860 Jul 26 2025 [ 94 00] cbfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1184 Jul 26 2025 [ 95 00] cbls.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 980 Jul 26 2025 [ 96 00] cbmemc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 544 Jul 26 2025 [ 97 00] cbtable.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1116 Jul 26 2025 [ 98 00] cbtime.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1576 Jul 26 2025 [ 99 00] chain.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1164 Jul 26 2025 [ 100 00] cmdline_.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 568 Jul 26 2025 [ 101 00] cmosdump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 860 Jul 26 2025 [ 102 00] cmostest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1016 Jul 26 2025 [ 103 00] cmp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1788 Jul 26 2025 [ 104 00] cmp_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1476 Jul 26 2025 [ 105 00] command.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 852 Jul 26 2025 [ 106 00] configfi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1332 Jul 26 2025 [ 107 00] cpio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1488 Jul 26 2025 [ 108 00] cpio_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 724 Jul 26 2025 [ 109 00] cpuid.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 784 Jul 26 2025 [ 110 00] crc64.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 420 Jul 26 2025 [ 111 00] crypto.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2320 Jul 26 2025 [ 112 00] crypto.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6784 Jul 26 2025 [ 114 00] cryptodi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1480 Jul 26 2025 [ 118 00] cs5536.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 816 Jul 26 2025 [ 119 00] ctz_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1028 Jul 26 2025 [ 120 00] date.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 716 Jul 26 2025 [ 121 00] datehook.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1100 Jul 26 2025 [ 122 00] datetime.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1308 Jul 26 2025 [ 123 00] disk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5284 Jul 26 2025 [ 124 00] diskfilt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 508 Jul 26 2025 [ 127 00] div.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2236 Jul 26 2025 [ 128 00] div_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 844 Jul 26 2025 [ 130 00] dm_nv.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2416 Jul 26 2025 [ 131 00] drivemap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 892 Jul 26 2025 [ 133 00] echo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9388 Jul 26 2025 [ 134 00] efiemu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3196 Jul 26 2025 [ 139 00] efiemu32.o;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3740 Jul 26 2025 [ 141 00] efiemu64.o;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6056 Jul 26 2025 [ 143 00] ehci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2472 Jul 26 2025 [ 146 00] elf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 48364 Jul 26 2025 [ 148 00] eltorito.img;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 656 Jul 26 2025 [ 172 00] eval.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3380 Jul 26 2025 [ 173 00] exfat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 560 Jul 26 2025 [ 175 00] exfctest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3248 Jul 26 2025 [ 176 00] ext2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2436 Jul 26 2025 [ 178 00] extcmd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3496 Jul 26 2025 [ 180 00] f2fs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3584 Jul 26 2025 [ 182 00] fat.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5856 Jul 26 2025 [ 184 00] file.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6588 Jul 26 2025 [ 187 00] font.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1164 Jul 26 2025 [ 191 00] freedos.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 208 Jul 26 2025 [ 192 00] fs.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1772 Jul 26 2025 [ 193 00] fshelp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8520 Jul 26 2025 [ 194 00] function.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 792 Jul 26 2025 [ 199 00] gcry_arc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5516 Jul 26 2025 [ 200 00] gcry_blo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8428 Jul 26 2025 [ 203 00] gcry_cam.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10644 Jul 26 2025 [ 208 00] gcry_cas.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8612 Jul 26 2025 [ 214 00] gcry_crc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4080 Jul 26 2025 [ 219 00] gcry_des.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 944 Jul 26 2025 [ 221 00] gcry_dsa.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1512 Jul 26 2025 [ 222 00] gcry_ide.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1440 Jul 26 2025 [ 223 00] gcry_md4.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1820 Jul 26 2025 [ 224 00] gcry_md5.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1308 Jul 26 2025 [ 225 00] gcry_rfc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7600 Jul 26 2025 [ 226 00] gcry_rij.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2732 Jul 26 2025 [ 230 00] gcry_rmd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 892 Jul 26 2025 [ 232 00] gcry_rsa.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4508 Jul 26 2025 [ 233 00] gcry_see.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5336 Jul 26 2025 [ 236 00] gcry_ser.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3156 Jul 26 2025 [ 239 00] gcry_sh0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2088 Jul 26 2025 [ 241 00] gcry_sh1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2956 Jul 26 2025 [ 243 00] gcry_sh2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 10688 Jul 26 2025 [ 245 00] gcry_tig.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9848 Jul 26 2025 [ 251 00] gcry_two.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6056 Jul 26 2025 [ 256 00] gcry_whi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3780 Jul 26 2025 [ 259 00] gdb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2552 Jul 26 2025 [ 261 00] geli.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2132 Jul 26 2025 [ 263 00] gettext.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 15588 Jul 26 2025 [ 265 00] gfxmenu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3880 Jul 26 2025 [ 273 00] gfxterm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1128 Jul 26 2025 [ 275 00] gfxterm0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1852 Jul 26 2025 [ 276 00] gfxterm1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1816 Jul 26 2025 [ 277 00] gptsync.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4504 Jul 26 2025 [ 278 00] gzio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2196 Jul 26 2025 [ 281 00] halt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2132 Jul 26 2025 [ 283 00] hashsum.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2888 Jul 26 2025 [ 285 00] hdparm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 496 Jul 26 2025 [ 287 00] hello.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1264 Jul 26 2025 [ 288 00] help.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1452 Jul 26 2025 [ 289 00] hexdump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3744 Jul 26 2025 [ 290 00] hfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4160 Jul 26 2025 [ 292 00] hfsplus.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1536 Jul 26 2025 [ 295 00] hfsplusc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2728 Jul 26 2025 [ 296 00] http.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1168 Jul 26 2025 [ 298 00] hwmatch.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1128 Jul 26 2025 [ 299 00] iorw.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4744 Jul 26 2025 [ 300 00] iso9660.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3464 Jul 26 2025 [ 303 00] jfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4004 Jul 26 2025 [ 305 00] jpeg.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2532 Jul 26 2025 [ 307 00] json.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1404 Jul 26 2025 [ 309 00] keylayou.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 772 Jul 26 2025 [ 310 00] keystatu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2908 Jul 26 2025 [ 311 00] ldm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 908 Jul 26 2025 [ 313 00] legacy_p.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 11064 Jul 26 2025 [ 314 00] legacycf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6148 Jul 26 2025 [ 320 00] linux.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2616 Jul 26 2025 [ 324 00] linux16.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2828 Jul 26 2025 [ 326 00] loadenv.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1516 Jul 26 2025 [ 328 00] loopback.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1688 Jul 26 2025 [ 329 00] ls.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2072 Jul 26 2025 [ 330 00] lsacpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 980 Jul 26 2025 [ 332 00] lsapm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 812 Jul 26 2025 [ 333 00] lsmmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1772 Jul 26 2025 [ 334 00] lspci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1828 Jul 26 2025 [ 335 00] luks.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6016 Jul 26 2025 [ 336 00] luks2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3964 Jul 26 2025 [ 339 00] lvm.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2716 Jul 26 2025 [ 341 00] lzopio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1600 Jul 26 2025 [ 343 00] macbless.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3240 Jul 26 2025 [ 344 00] macho.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 976 Jul 26 2025 [ 346 00] mda_text.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 940 Jul 26 2025 [ 347 00] mdraid00.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 964 Jul 26 2025 [ 348 00] mdraid01.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 916 Jul 26 2025 [ 349 00] mdraid1x.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 980 Jul 26 2025 [ 350 00] memdisk.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1128 Jul 26 2025 [ 351 00] memrw.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1568 Jul 26 2025 [ 352 00] minicmd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2012 Jul 26 2025 [ 353 00] minix.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2108 Jul 26 2025 [ 354 00] minix2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2172 Jul 26 2025 [ 356 00] minix2_b.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2056 Jul 26 2025 [ 358 00] minix3.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2132 Jul 26 2025 [ 360 00] minix3_b.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2080 Jul 26 2025 [ 362 00] minix_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4136 Jul 26 2025 [ 364 00] mmap.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2128 Jul 26 2025 [ 367 00] moddep.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1288 Jul 26 2025 [ 369 00] modinfo.sh;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 716 Jul 26 2025 [ 370 00] morse.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 12576 Jul 26 2025 [ 371 00] mpi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1080 Jul 26 2025 [ 378 00] msdospar.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 948 Jul 26 2025 [ 379 00] mul_test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6708 Jul 26 2025 [ 380 00] multibo0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7072 Jul 26 2025 [ 384 00] multibo1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1924 Jul 26 2025 [ 388 00] nativedi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 25584 Jul 26 2025 [ 389 00] net.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1548 Jul 26 2025 [ 402 00] newc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3360 Jul 26 2025 [ 403 00] nilfs2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 44812 Jul 26 2025 [ 405 00] normal.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5776 Jul 26 2025 [ 427 00] ntfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2480 Jul 26 2025 [ 430 00] ntfscomp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1076 Jul 26 2025 [ 432 00] ntldr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1460 Jul 26 2025 [ 433 00] odc.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 692 Jul 26 2025 [ 434 00] offsetio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4448 Jul 26 2025 [ 435 00] ohci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 816 Jul 26 2025 [ 438 00] part_aco.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 900 Jul 26 2025 [ 439 00] part_ami.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 980 Jul 26 2025 [ 440 00] part_app.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1276 Jul 26 2025 [ 441 00] part_bsd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 860 Jul 26 2025 [ 442 00] part_dfl.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 708 Jul 26 2025 [ 443 00] part_dvh.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1104 Jul 26 2025 [ 444 00] part_gpt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1204 Jul 26 2025 [ 445 00] part_msd.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 852 Jul 26 2025 [ 446 00] part_pla.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 732 Jul 26 2025 [ 447 00] part_su0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 776 Jul 26 2025 [ 448 00] part_su1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 120 Jul 26 2025 [ 449 00] partmap.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 72 Jul 26 2025 [ 450 00] parttool.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2096 Jul 26 2025 [ 451 00] parttool.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 836 Jul 26 2025 [ 453 00] passwor0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1304 Jul 26 2025 [ 454 00] passwor1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2340 Jul 26 2025 [ 455 00] pata.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 688 Jul 26 2025 [ 457 00] pbkdf2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 928 Jul 26 2025 [ 458 00] pbkdf2_t.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 724 Jul 26 2025 [ 459 00] pci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1128 Jul 26 2025 [ 460 00] pcidump.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4752 Jul 26 2025 [ 461 00] pgp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3132 Jul 26 2025 [ 464 00] plainmou.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3028 Jul 26 2025 [ 466 00] plan9.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1224 Jul 26 2025 [ 468 00] play.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4096 Jul 26 2025 [ 469 00] png.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 800 Jul 26 2025 [ 471 00] priority.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1472 Jul 26 2025 [ 472 00] probe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 964 Jul 26 2025 [ 473 00] procfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1104 Jul 26 2025 [ 474 00] progress.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1552 Jul 26 2025 [ 475 00] pxe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1136 Jul 26 2025 [ 476 00] pxechain.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 700 Jul 26 2025 [ 477 00] raid5rec.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1228 Jul 26 2025 [ 478 00] raid6rec.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1752 Jul 26 2025 [ 479 00] random.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 852 Jul 26 2025 [ 480 00] rdmsr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 780 Jul 26 2025 [ 481 00] read.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 740 Jul 26 2025 [ 482 00] reboot.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 27008 Jul 26 2025 [ 483 00] regexp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4280 Jul 26 2025 [ 497 00] reiserfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 6712 Jul 26 2025 [ 500 00] relocato.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2160 Jul 26 2025 [ 504 00] romfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2280 Jul 26 2025 [ 506 00] scsi.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1424 Jul 26 2025 [ 508 00] search.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1520 Jul 26 2025 [ 509 00] search_0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1616 Jul 26 2025 [ 510 00] search_1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1524 Jul 26 2025 [ 511 00] search_l.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2584 Jul 26 2025 [ 512 00] sendkey.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4248 Jul 26 2025 [ 514 00] serial.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 304 Jul 26 2025 [ 517 00] setjmp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 680 Jul 26 2025 [ 518 00] setjmp_t.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2212 Jul 26 2025 [ 519 00] setpci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2612 Jul 26 2025 [ 521 00] sfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1128 Jul 26 2025 [ 523 00] shift_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4272 Jul 26 2025 [ 524 00] signatur.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 916 Jul 26 2025 [ 527 00] sleep.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1152 Jul 26 2025 [ 528 00] sleep_te.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2340 Jul 26 2025 [ 529 00] smbios.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 808 Jul 26 2025 [ 531 00] spkmodem.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 3796 Jul 26 2025 [ 532 00] squash4.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 920 Jul 26 2025 [ 534 00] strtoull.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 7216 Jul 26 2025 [ 535 00] syslinux.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1724 Jul 26 2025 [ 539 00] tar.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 168 Jul 26 2025 [ 540 00] terminal.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1784 Jul 26 2025 [ 541 00] terminal.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5148 Jul 26 2025 [ 542 00] terminfo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2320 Jul 26 2025 [ 545 00] test.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 580 Jul 26 2025 [ 547 00] test_blo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1252 Jul 26 2025 [ 548 00] testload.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1024 Jul 26 2025 [ 549 00] testspee.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2324 Jul 26 2025 [ 550 00] tftp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1804 Jul 26 2025 [ 552 00] tga.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 688 Jul 26 2025 [ 553 00] time.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1084 Jul 26 2025 [ 554 00] tr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 788 Jul 26 2025 [ 555 00] trig.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 504 Jul 26 2025 [ 556 00] true.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1556 Jul 26 2025 [ 557 00] truecryp.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4532 Jul 26 2025 [ 558 00] udf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2656 Jul 26 2025 [ 561 00] ufs1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2880 Jul 26 2025 [ 563 00] ufs1_be.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2756 Jul 26 2025 [ 565 00] ufs2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2976 Jul 26 2025 [ 567 00] uhci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 5164 Jul 26 2025 [ 569 00] usb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1812 Jul 26 2025 [ 572 00] usb_keyb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2808 Jul 26 2025 [ 573 00] usbms.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 964 Jul 26 2025 [ 575 00] usbseri0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1008 Jul 26 2025 [ 576 00] usbseri1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1064 Jul 26 2025 [ 577 00] usbseri2.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 620 Jul 26 2025 [ 578 00] usbseri3.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1788 Jul 26 2025 [ 579 00] usbtest.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4100 Jul 26 2025 [ 580 00] vbe.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1288 Jul 26 2025 [ 583 00] verifier.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1892 Jul 26 2025 [ 584 00] vga.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1016 Jul 26 2025 [ 585 00] vga_text.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 88 Jul 26 2025 [ 586 00] video.lst;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2312 Jul 26 2025 [ 587 00] video.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2128 Jul 26 2025 [ 589 00] video_bo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2328 Jul 26 2025 [ 591 00] video_ci.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2276 Jul 26 2025 [ 593 00] video_co.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 9336 Jul 26 2025 [ 595 00] video_fb.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1708 Jul 26 2025 [ 600 00] videoinf.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 1656 Jul 26 2025 [ 601 00] videote0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 888 Jul 26 2025 [ 602 00] videote1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 728 Jul 26 2025 [ 603 00] wrmsr.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 4088 Jul 26 2025 [ 604 00] xfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 11332 Jul 26 2025 [ 606 00] xnu.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 972 Jul 26 2025 [ 612 00] xnu_uui0.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 812 Jul 26 2025 [ 613 00] xnu_uui1.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 8084 Jul 26 2025 [ 614 00] xzio.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 19132 Jul 26 2025 [ 618 00] zfs.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2728 Jul 26 2025 [ 628 00] zfscrypt.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 2540 Jul 26 2025 [ 630 00] zfsinfo.mod;1 \n----------- 0 0 0 19312 Jul 26 2025 [ 632 00] zstd.mod;1 \n+d--------- 0 0 0 38912 Aug 28 2026 [ 24 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+---------- 0 0 0 3588 Aug 28 2026 [ 50 00] 915resol.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4328 Aug 28 2026 [ 52 00] acpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 552 Aug 28 2026 [ 55 00] adler32.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2672 Aug 28 2026 [ 56 00] affs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3200 Aug 28 2026 [ 58 00] afs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 836 Aug 28 2026 [ 60 00] afsplitt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5056 Aug 28 2026 [ 61 00] ahci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 240 Aug 28 2026 [ 64 00] all_vide.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 500 Aug 28 2026 [ 65 00] aout.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1664 Aug 28 2026 [ 66 00] archelp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2024 Aug 28 2026 [ 67 00] at_keybo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2708 Aug 28 2026 [ 68 00] ata.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 756 Aug 28 2026 [ 70 00] backtrac.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3620 Aug 28 2026 [ 71 00] bfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2532 Aug 28 2026 [ 73 00] biosdisk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1156 Aug 28 2026 [ 75 00] bitmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2024 Aug 28 2026 [ 76 00] bitmap_s.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1084 Aug 28 2026 [ 77 00] blocklis.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1188 Aug 28 2026 [ 78 00] boot.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 12580 Aug 28 2026 [ 79 00] bsd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1064 Aug 28 2026 [ 86 00] bswap_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9264 Aug 28 2026 [ 87 00] btrfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1108 Aug 28 2026 [ 92 00] bufio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1364 Aug 28 2026 [ 93 00] cat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1860 Aug 28 2026 [ 94 00] cbfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1184 Aug 28 2026 [ 95 00] cbls.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 980 Aug 28 2026 [ 96 00] cbmemc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 544 Aug 28 2026 [ 97 00] cbtable.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1116 Aug 28 2026 [ 98 00] cbtime.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1576 Aug 28 2026 [ 99 00] chain.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1164 Aug 28 2026 [ 100 00] cmdline_.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 568 Aug 28 2026 [ 101 00] cmosdump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 860 Aug 28 2026 [ 102 00] cmostest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1016 Aug 28 2026 [ 103 00] cmp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1788 Aug 28 2026 [ 104 00] cmp_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1476 Aug 28 2026 [ 105 00] command.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 852 Aug 28 2026 [ 106 00] configfi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1332 Aug 28 2026 [ 107 00] cpio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1488 Aug 28 2026 [ 108 00] cpio_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 724 Aug 28 2026 [ 109 00] cpuid.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 784 Aug 28 2026 [ 110 00] crc64.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 420 Aug 28 2026 [ 111 00] crypto.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2320 Aug 28 2026 [ 112 00] crypto.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6784 Aug 28 2026 [ 114 00] cryptodi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1480 Aug 28 2026 [ 118 00] cs5536.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 816 Aug 28 2026 [ 119 00] ctz_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1028 Aug 28 2026 [ 120 00] date.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 716 Aug 28 2026 [ 121 00] datehook.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1100 Aug 28 2026 [ 122 00] datetime.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1308 Aug 28 2026 [ 123 00] disk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5284 Aug 28 2026 [ 124 00] diskfilt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 508 Aug 28 2026 [ 127 00] div.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2236 Aug 28 2026 [ 128 00] div_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 844 Aug 28 2026 [ 130 00] dm_nv.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2416 Aug 28 2026 [ 131 00] drivemap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 892 Aug 28 2026 [ 133 00] echo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9388 Aug 28 2026 [ 134 00] efiemu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3196 Aug 28 2026 [ 139 00] efiemu32.o;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3740 Aug 28 2026 [ 141 00] efiemu64.o;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6056 Aug 28 2026 [ 143 00] ehci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2472 Aug 28 2026 [ 146 00] elf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 48364 Aug 28 2026 [ 148 00] eltorito.img;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 656 Aug 28 2026 [ 172 00] eval.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3380 Aug 28 2026 [ 173 00] exfat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 560 Aug 28 2026 [ 175 00] exfctest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3248 Aug 28 2026 [ 176 00] ext2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2436 Aug 28 2026 [ 178 00] extcmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3496 Aug 28 2026 [ 180 00] f2fs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3584 Aug 28 2026 [ 182 00] fat.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5856 Aug 28 2026 [ 184 00] file.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6588 Aug 28 2026 [ 187 00] font.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1164 Aug 28 2026 [ 191 00] freedos.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 208 Aug 28 2026 [ 192 00] fs.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1772 Aug 28 2026 [ 193 00] fshelp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8520 Aug 28 2026 [ 194 00] function.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 792 Aug 28 2026 [ 199 00] gcry_arc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5516 Aug 28 2026 [ 200 00] gcry_blo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8428 Aug 28 2026 [ 203 00] gcry_cam.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10644 Aug 28 2026 [ 208 00] gcry_cas.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8612 Aug 28 2026 [ 214 00] gcry_crc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4080 Aug 28 2026 [ 219 00] gcry_des.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 944 Aug 28 2026 [ 221 00] gcry_dsa.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1512 Aug 28 2026 [ 222 00] gcry_ide.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1440 Aug 28 2026 [ 223 00] gcry_md4.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1820 Aug 28 2026 [ 224 00] gcry_md5.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1308 Aug 28 2026 [ 225 00] gcry_rfc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7600 Aug 28 2026 [ 226 00] gcry_rij.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2732 Aug 28 2026 [ 230 00] gcry_rmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 892 Aug 28 2026 [ 232 00] gcry_rsa.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4508 Aug 28 2026 [ 233 00] gcry_see.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5336 Aug 28 2026 [ 236 00] gcry_ser.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3156 Aug 28 2026 [ 239 00] gcry_sh0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2088 Aug 28 2026 [ 241 00] gcry_sh1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2956 Aug 28 2026 [ 243 00] gcry_sh2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 10688 Aug 28 2026 [ 245 00] gcry_tig.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9848 Aug 28 2026 [ 251 00] gcry_two.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6056 Aug 28 2026 [ 256 00] gcry_whi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3780 Aug 28 2026 [ 259 00] gdb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2552 Aug 28 2026 [ 261 00] geli.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2132 Aug 28 2026 [ 263 00] gettext.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 15588 Aug 28 2026 [ 265 00] gfxmenu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3880 Aug 28 2026 [ 273 00] gfxterm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1128 Aug 28 2026 [ 275 00] gfxterm0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1852 Aug 28 2026 [ 276 00] gfxterm1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1816 Aug 28 2026 [ 277 00] gptsync.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4504 Aug 28 2026 [ 278 00] gzio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2196 Aug 28 2026 [ 281 00] halt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2132 Aug 28 2026 [ 283 00] hashsum.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2888 Aug 28 2026 [ 285 00] hdparm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 496 Aug 28 2026 [ 287 00] hello.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1264 Aug 28 2026 [ 288 00] help.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1452 Aug 28 2026 [ 289 00] hexdump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3744 Aug 28 2026 [ 290 00] hfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4160 Aug 28 2026 [ 292 00] hfsplus.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1536 Aug 28 2026 [ 295 00] hfsplusc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2728 Aug 28 2026 [ 296 00] http.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1168 Aug 28 2026 [ 298 00] hwmatch.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1128 Aug 28 2026 [ 299 00] iorw.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4744 Aug 28 2026 [ 300 00] iso9660.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3464 Aug 28 2026 [ 303 00] jfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4004 Aug 28 2026 [ 305 00] jpeg.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2532 Aug 28 2026 [ 307 00] json.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1404 Aug 28 2026 [ 309 00] keylayou.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 772 Aug 28 2026 [ 310 00] keystatu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2908 Aug 28 2026 [ 311 00] ldm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 908 Aug 28 2026 [ 313 00] legacy_p.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 11064 Aug 28 2026 [ 314 00] legacycf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6148 Aug 28 2026 [ 320 00] linux.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2616 Aug 28 2026 [ 324 00] linux16.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2828 Aug 28 2026 [ 326 00] loadenv.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1516 Aug 28 2026 [ 328 00] loopback.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1688 Aug 28 2026 [ 329 00] ls.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2072 Aug 28 2026 [ 330 00] lsacpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 980 Aug 28 2026 [ 332 00] lsapm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 812 Aug 28 2026 [ 333 00] lsmmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1772 Aug 28 2026 [ 334 00] lspci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1828 Aug 28 2026 [ 335 00] luks.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6016 Aug 28 2026 [ 336 00] luks2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3964 Aug 28 2026 [ 339 00] lvm.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2716 Aug 28 2026 [ 341 00] lzopio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1600 Aug 28 2026 [ 343 00] macbless.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3240 Aug 28 2026 [ 344 00] macho.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 976 Aug 28 2026 [ 346 00] mda_text.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 940 Aug 28 2026 [ 347 00] mdraid00.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 964 Aug 28 2026 [ 348 00] mdraid01.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 916 Aug 28 2026 [ 349 00] mdraid1x.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 980 Aug 28 2026 [ 350 00] memdisk.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1128 Aug 28 2026 [ 351 00] memrw.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1568 Aug 28 2026 [ 352 00] minicmd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2012 Aug 28 2026 [ 353 00] minix.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2108 Aug 28 2026 [ 354 00] minix2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2172 Aug 28 2026 [ 356 00] minix2_b.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2056 Aug 28 2026 [ 358 00] minix3.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2132 Aug 28 2026 [ 360 00] minix3_b.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2080 Aug 28 2026 [ 362 00] minix_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4136 Aug 28 2026 [ 364 00] mmap.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2128 Aug 28 2026 [ 367 00] moddep.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1288 Aug 28 2026 [ 369 00] modinfo.sh;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 716 Aug 28 2026 [ 370 00] morse.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 12576 Aug 28 2026 [ 371 00] mpi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1080 Aug 28 2026 [ 378 00] msdospar.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 948 Aug 28 2026 [ 379 00] mul_test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6708 Aug 28 2026 [ 380 00] multibo0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7072 Aug 28 2026 [ 384 00] multibo1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1924 Aug 28 2026 [ 388 00] nativedi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 25584 Aug 28 2026 [ 389 00] net.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1548 Aug 28 2026 [ 402 00] newc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3360 Aug 28 2026 [ 403 00] nilfs2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 44812 Aug 28 2026 [ 405 00] normal.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5776 Aug 28 2026 [ 427 00] ntfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2480 Aug 28 2026 [ 430 00] ntfscomp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1076 Aug 28 2026 [ 432 00] ntldr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1460 Aug 28 2026 [ 433 00] odc.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 692 Aug 28 2026 [ 434 00] offsetio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4448 Aug 28 2026 [ 435 00] ohci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 816 Aug 28 2026 [ 438 00] part_aco.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 900 Aug 28 2026 [ 439 00] part_ami.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 980 Aug 28 2026 [ 440 00] part_app.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1276 Aug 28 2026 [ 441 00] part_bsd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 860 Aug 28 2026 [ 442 00] part_dfl.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 708 Aug 28 2026 [ 443 00] part_dvh.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1104 Aug 28 2026 [ 444 00] part_gpt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1204 Aug 28 2026 [ 445 00] part_msd.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 852 Aug 28 2026 [ 446 00] part_pla.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 732 Aug 28 2026 [ 447 00] part_su0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 776 Aug 28 2026 [ 448 00] part_su1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 120 Aug 28 2026 [ 449 00] partmap.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 72 Aug 28 2026 [ 450 00] parttool.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2096 Aug 28 2026 [ 451 00] parttool.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 836 Aug 28 2026 [ 453 00] passwor0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1304 Aug 28 2026 [ 454 00] passwor1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2340 Aug 28 2026 [ 455 00] pata.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 688 Aug 28 2026 [ 457 00] pbkdf2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 928 Aug 28 2026 [ 458 00] pbkdf2_t.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 724 Aug 28 2026 [ 459 00] pci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1128 Aug 28 2026 [ 460 00] pcidump.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4752 Aug 28 2026 [ 461 00] pgp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3132 Aug 28 2026 [ 464 00] plainmou.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3028 Aug 28 2026 [ 466 00] plan9.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1224 Aug 28 2026 [ 468 00] play.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4096 Aug 28 2026 [ 469 00] png.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 800 Aug 28 2026 [ 471 00] priority.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1472 Aug 28 2026 [ 472 00] probe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 964 Aug 28 2026 [ 473 00] procfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1104 Aug 28 2026 [ 474 00] progress.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1552 Aug 28 2026 [ 475 00] pxe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1136 Aug 28 2026 [ 476 00] pxechain.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 700 Aug 28 2026 [ 477 00] raid5rec.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1228 Aug 28 2026 [ 478 00] raid6rec.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1752 Aug 28 2026 [ 479 00] random.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 852 Aug 28 2026 [ 480 00] rdmsr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 780 Aug 28 2026 [ 481 00] read.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 740 Aug 28 2026 [ 482 00] reboot.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 27008 Aug 28 2026 [ 483 00] regexp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4280 Aug 28 2026 [ 497 00] reiserfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 6712 Aug 28 2026 [ 500 00] relocato.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2160 Aug 28 2026 [ 504 00] romfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2280 Aug 28 2026 [ 506 00] scsi.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1424 Aug 28 2026 [ 508 00] search.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1520 Aug 28 2026 [ 509 00] search_0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1616 Aug 28 2026 [ 510 00] search_1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1524 Aug 28 2026 [ 511 00] search_l.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2584 Aug 28 2026 [ 512 00] sendkey.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4248 Aug 28 2026 [ 514 00] serial.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 304 Aug 28 2026 [ 517 00] setjmp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 680 Aug 28 2026 [ 518 00] setjmp_t.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2212 Aug 28 2026 [ 519 00] setpci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2612 Aug 28 2026 [ 521 00] sfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1128 Aug 28 2026 [ 523 00] shift_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4272 Aug 28 2026 [ 524 00] signatur.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 916 Aug 28 2026 [ 527 00] sleep.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1152 Aug 28 2026 [ 528 00] sleep_te.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2340 Aug 28 2026 [ 529 00] smbios.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 808 Aug 28 2026 [ 531 00] spkmodem.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 3796 Aug 28 2026 [ 532 00] squash4.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 920 Aug 28 2026 [ 534 00] strtoull.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 7216 Aug 28 2026 [ 535 00] syslinux.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1724 Aug 28 2026 [ 539 00] tar.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 168 Aug 28 2026 [ 540 00] terminal.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1784 Aug 28 2026 [ 541 00] terminal.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5148 Aug 28 2026 [ 542 00] terminfo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2320 Aug 28 2026 [ 545 00] test.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 580 Aug 28 2026 [ 547 00] test_blo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1252 Aug 28 2026 [ 548 00] testload.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1024 Aug 28 2026 [ 549 00] testspee.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2324 Aug 28 2026 [ 550 00] tftp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1804 Aug 28 2026 [ 552 00] tga.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 688 Aug 28 2026 [ 553 00] time.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1084 Aug 28 2026 [ 554 00] tr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 788 Aug 28 2026 [ 555 00] trig.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 504 Aug 28 2026 [ 556 00] true.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1556 Aug 28 2026 [ 557 00] truecryp.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4532 Aug 28 2026 [ 558 00] udf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2656 Aug 28 2026 [ 561 00] ufs1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2880 Aug 28 2026 [ 563 00] ufs1_be.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2756 Aug 28 2026 [ 565 00] ufs2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2976 Aug 28 2026 [ 567 00] uhci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 5164 Aug 28 2026 [ 569 00] usb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1812 Aug 28 2026 [ 572 00] usb_keyb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2808 Aug 28 2026 [ 573 00] usbms.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 964 Aug 28 2026 [ 575 00] usbseri0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1008 Aug 28 2026 [ 576 00] usbseri1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1064 Aug 28 2026 [ 577 00] usbseri2.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 620 Aug 28 2026 [ 578 00] usbseri3.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1788 Aug 28 2026 [ 579 00] usbtest.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4100 Aug 28 2026 [ 580 00] vbe.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1288 Aug 28 2026 [ 583 00] verifier.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1892 Aug 28 2026 [ 584 00] vga.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1016 Aug 28 2026 [ 585 00] vga_text.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 88 Aug 28 2026 [ 586 00] video.lst;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2312 Aug 28 2026 [ 587 00] video.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2128 Aug 28 2026 [ 589 00] video_bo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2328 Aug 28 2026 [ 591 00] video_ci.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2276 Aug 28 2026 [ 593 00] video_co.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 9336 Aug 28 2026 [ 595 00] video_fb.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1708 Aug 28 2026 [ 600 00] videoinf.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 1656 Aug 28 2026 [ 601 00] videote0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 888 Aug 28 2026 [ 602 00] videote1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 728 Aug 28 2026 [ 603 00] wrmsr.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 4088 Aug 28 2026 [ 604 00] xfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 11332 Aug 28 2026 [ 606 00] xnu.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 972 Aug 28 2026 [ 612 00] xnu_uui0.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 812 Aug 28 2026 [ 613 00] xnu_uui1.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 8084 Aug 28 2026 [ 614 00] xzio.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 19132 Aug 28 2026 [ 618 00] zfs.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2728 Aug 28 2026 [ 628 00] zfscrypt.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 2540 Aug 28 2026 [ 630 00] zfsinfo.mod;1 \n+---------- 0 0 0 19312 Aug 28 2026 [ 632 00] zstd.mod;1 \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/locale/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 43 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 43 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/roms/\n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 44 02] . \n-d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 44 02] . \n+d--------- 0 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n"}, {"source1": "isoinfo -l -i {} -R", "source2": "isoinfo -l -i {} -R", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,324 +1,324 @@\n \n Directory listing of /\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] boot \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 48 00] boot.catalog \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] boot \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 48 00] boot.catalog \n \n Directory listing of /boot/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 19 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] grub \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 19 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] grub \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 21 02] .. \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 23 02] fonts \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 Jul 26 2025 [ 49 00] grub.cfg \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Jul 26 2025 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 43 02] locale \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 44 02] roms \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 21 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 23 02] fonts \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 Aug 28 2026 [ 49 00] grub.cfg \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Aug 28 2026 [ 24 02] i386-pc \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 43 02] locale \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 44 02] roms \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/fonts/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 23 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 23 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/i386-pc/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Jul 26 2025 [ 24 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3588 Jul 26 2025 [ 50 00] 915resolution.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4328 Jul 26 2025 [ 52 00] acpi.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 552 Jul 26 2025 [ 55 00] adler32.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2672 Jul 26 2025 [ 56 00] affs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3200 Jul 26 2025 [ 58 00] afs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 Jul 26 2025 [ 60 00] afsplitter.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5056 Jul 26 2025 [ 61 00] ahci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 240 Jul 26 2025 [ 64 00] all_video.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 500 Jul 26 2025 [ 65 00] aout.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1664 Jul 26 2025 [ 66 00] archelp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2024 Jul 26 2025 [ 67 00] at_keyboard.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2708 Jul 26 2025 [ 68 00] ata.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 756 Jul 26 2025 [ 70 00] backtrace.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3620 Jul 26 2025 [ 71 00] bfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 Jul 26 2025 [ 73 00] biosdisk.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1156 Jul 26 2025 [ 75 00] bitmap.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2024 Jul 26 2025 [ 76 00] bitmap_scale.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 Jul 26 2025 [ 77 00] blocklist.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1188 Jul 26 2025 [ 78 00] boot.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12580 Jul 26 2025 [ 79 00] bsd.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1064 Jul 26 2025 [ 86 00] bswap_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9264 Jul 26 2025 [ 87 00] btrfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1108 Jul 26 2025 [ 92 00] bufio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1364 Jul 26 2025 [ 93 00] cat.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1860 Jul 26 2025 [ 94 00] cbfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1184 Jul 26 2025 [ 95 00] cbls.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Jul 26 2025 [ 96 00] cbmemc.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 544 Jul 26 2025 [ 97 00] cbtable.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1116 Jul 26 2025 [ 98 00] cbtime.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1576 Jul 26 2025 [ 99 00] chain.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 Jul 26 2025 [ 100 00] cmdline_cat_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 568 Jul 26 2025 [ 101 00] cmosdump.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 Jul 26 2025 [ 102 00] cmostest.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1016 Jul 26 2025 [ 103 00] cmp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1788 Jul 26 2025 [ 104 00] cmp_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1476 Jul 26 2025 [ 105 00] command.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Jul 26 2025 [ 106 00] configfile.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1332 Jul 26 2025 [ 107 00] cpio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1488 Jul 26 2025 [ 108 00] cpio_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 Jul 26 2025 [ 109 00] cpuid.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 784 Jul 26 2025 [ 110 00] crc64.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 420 Jul 26 2025 [ 111 00] crypto.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2320 Jul 26 2025 [ 112 00] crypto.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6784 Jul 26 2025 [ 114 00] cryptodisk.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1480 Jul 26 2025 [ 118 00] cs5536.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 Jul 26 2025 [ 119 00] ctz_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1028 Jul 26 2025 [ 120 00] date.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 Jul 26 2025 [ 121 00] datehook.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1100 Jul 26 2025 [ 122 00] datetime.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 Jul 26 2025 [ 123 00] disk.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5284 Jul 26 2025 [ 124 00] diskfilter.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 508 Jul 26 2025 [ 127 00] div.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2236 Jul 26 2025 [ 128 00] div_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 844 Jul 26 2025 [ 130 00] dm_nv.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2416 Jul 26 2025 [ 131 00] drivemap.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 Jul 26 2025 [ 133 00] echo.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9388 Jul 26 2025 [ 134 00] efiemu.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3196 Jul 26 2025 [ 139 00] efiemu32.o \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3740 Jul 26 2025 [ 141 00] efiemu64.o \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 Jul 26 2025 [ 143 00] ehci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2472 Jul 26 2025 [ 146 00] elf.mod \n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 48364 Jul 26 2025 [ 148 00] eltorito.img \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 656 Jul 26 2025 [ 172 00] eval.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3380 Jul 26 2025 [ 173 00] exfat.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 560 Jul 26 2025 [ 175 00] exfctest.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3248 Jul 26 2025 [ 176 00] ext2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2436 Jul 26 2025 [ 178 00] extcmd.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3496 Jul 26 2025 [ 180 00] f2fs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3584 Jul 26 2025 [ 182 00] fat.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5856 Jul 26 2025 [ 184 00] file.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6588 Jul 26 2025 [ 187 00] font.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 Jul 26 2025 [ 191 00] freedos.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 208 Jul 26 2025 [ 192 00] fs.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 Jul 26 2025 [ 193 00] fshelp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8520 Jul 26 2025 [ 194 00] functional_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 792 Jul 26 2025 [ 199 00] gcry_arcfour.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5516 Jul 26 2025 [ 200 00] gcry_blowfish.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8428 Jul 26 2025 [ 203 00] gcry_camellia.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10644 Jul 26 2025 [ 208 00] gcry_cast5.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8612 Jul 26 2025 [ 214 00] gcry_crc.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4080 Jul 26 2025 [ 219 00] gcry_des.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 944 Jul 26 2025 [ 221 00] gcry_dsa.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1512 Jul 26 2025 [ 222 00] gcry_idea.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1440 Jul 26 2025 [ 223 00] gcry_md4.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1820 Jul 26 2025 [ 224 00] gcry_md5.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 Jul 26 2025 [ 225 00] gcry_rfc2268.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7600 Jul 26 2025 [ 226 00] gcry_rijndael.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2732 Jul 26 2025 [ 230 00] gcry_rmd160.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 Jul 26 2025 [ 232 00] gcry_rsa.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4508 Jul 26 2025 [ 233 00] gcry_seed.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5336 Jul 26 2025 [ 236 00] gcry_serpent.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3156 Jul 26 2025 [ 239 00] gcry_sha1.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2088 Jul 26 2025 [ 241 00] gcry_sha256.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2956 Jul 26 2025 [ 243 00] gcry_sha512.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10688 Jul 26 2025 [ 245 00] gcry_tiger.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9848 Jul 26 2025 [ 251 00] gcry_twofish.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 Jul 26 2025 [ 256 00] gcry_whirlpool.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3780 Jul 26 2025 [ 259 00] gdb.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2552 Jul 26 2025 [ 261 00] geli.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 Jul 26 2025 [ 263 00] gettext.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 15588 Jul 26 2025 [ 265 00] gfxmenu.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3880 Jul 26 2025 [ 273 00] gfxterm.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Jul 26 2025 [ 275 00] gfxterm_background.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1852 Jul 26 2025 [ 276 00] gfxterm_menu.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1816 Jul 26 2025 [ 277 00] gptsync.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4504 Jul 26 2025 [ 278 00] gzio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2196 Jul 26 2025 [ 281 00] halt.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 Jul 26 2025 [ 283 00] hashsum.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2888 Jul 26 2025 [ 285 00] hdparm.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 496 Jul 26 2025 [ 287 00] hello.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1264 Jul 26 2025 [ 288 00] help.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1452 Jul 26 2025 [ 289 00] hexdump.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3744 Jul 26 2025 [ 290 00] hfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4160 Jul 26 2025 [ 292 00] hfsplus.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1536 Jul 26 2025 [ 295 00] hfspluscomp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 Jul 26 2025 [ 296 00] http.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1168 Jul 26 2025 [ 298 00] hwmatch.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Jul 26 2025 [ 299 00] iorw.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4744 Jul 26 2025 [ 300 00] iso9660.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3464 Jul 26 2025 [ 303 00] jfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4004 Jul 26 2025 [ 305 00] jpeg.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 Jul 26 2025 [ 307 00] json.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1404 Jul 26 2025 [ 309 00] keylayouts.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 772 Jul 26 2025 [ 310 00] keystatus.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2908 Jul 26 2025 [ 311 00] ldm.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 908 Jul 26 2025 [ 313 00] legacy_password_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 11064 Jul 26 2025 [ 314 00] legacycfg.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6148 Jul 26 2025 [ 320 00] linux.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2616 Jul 26 2025 [ 324 00] linux16.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2828 Jul 26 2025 [ 326 00] loadenv.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1516 Jul 26 2025 [ 328 00] loopback.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1688 Jul 26 2025 [ 329 00] ls.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2072 Jul 26 2025 [ 330 00] lsacpi.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Jul 26 2025 [ 332 00] lsapm.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 812 Jul 26 2025 [ 333 00] lsmmap.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 Jul 26 2025 [ 334 00] lspci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1828 Jul 26 2025 [ 335 00] luks.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6016 Jul 26 2025 [ 336 00] luks2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3964 Jul 26 2025 [ 339 00] lvm.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2716 Jul 26 2025 [ 341 00] lzopio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1600 Jul 26 2025 [ 343 00] macbless.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3240 Jul 26 2025 [ 344 00] macho.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 976 Jul 26 2025 [ 346 00] mda_text.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 940 Jul 26 2025 [ 347 00] mdraid09.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 Jul 26 2025 [ 348 00] mdraid09_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 Jul 26 2025 [ 349 00] mdraid1x.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Jul 26 2025 [ 350 00] memdisk.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Jul 26 2025 [ 351 00] memrw.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1568 Jul 26 2025 [ 352 00] minicmd.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2012 Jul 26 2025 [ 353 00] minix.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2108 Jul 26 2025 [ 354 00] minix2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2172 Jul 26 2025 [ 356 00] minix2_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2056 Jul 26 2025 [ 358 00] minix3.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 Jul 26 2025 [ 360 00] minix3_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2080 Jul 26 2025 [ 362 00] minix_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4136 Jul 26 2025 [ 364 00] mmap.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 Jul 26 2025 [ 367 00] moddep.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1288 Jul 26 2025 [ 369 00] modinfo.sh \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 Jul 26 2025 [ 370 00] morse.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12576 Jul 26 2025 [ 371 00] mpi.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1080 Jul 26 2025 [ 378 00] msdospart.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 948 Jul 26 2025 [ 379 00] mul_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6708 Jul 26 2025 [ 380 00] multiboot.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7072 Jul 26 2025 [ 384 00] multiboot2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1924 Jul 26 2025 [ 388 00] nativedisk.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 25584 Jul 26 2025 [ 389 00] net.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1548 Jul 26 2025 [ 402 00] newc.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3360 Jul 26 2025 [ 403 00] nilfs2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 44812 Jul 26 2025 [ 405 00] normal.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5776 Jul 26 2025 [ 427 00] ntfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2480 Jul 26 2025 [ 430 00] ntfscomp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1076 Jul 26 2025 [ 432 00] ntldr.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1460 Jul 26 2025 [ 433 00] odc.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 692 Jul 26 2025 [ 434 00] offsetio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4448 Jul 26 2025 [ 435 00] ohci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 Jul 26 2025 [ 438 00] part_acorn.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 900 Jul 26 2025 [ 439 00] part_amiga.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Jul 26 2025 [ 440 00] part_apple.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1276 Jul 26 2025 [ 441 00] part_bsd.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 Jul 26 2025 [ 442 00] part_dfly.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 708 Jul 26 2025 [ 443 00] part_dvh.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 Jul 26 2025 [ 444 00] part_gpt.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1204 Jul 26 2025 [ 445 00] part_msdos.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Jul 26 2025 [ 446 00] part_plan.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 732 Jul 26 2025 [ 447 00] part_sun.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 776 Jul 26 2025 [ 448 00] part_sunpc.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 120 Jul 26 2025 [ 449 00] partmap.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 72 Jul 26 2025 [ 450 00] parttool.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2096 Jul 26 2025 [ 451 00] parttool.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 Jul 26 2025 [ 453 00] password.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1304 Jul 26 2025 [ 454 00] password_pbkdf2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 Jul 26 2025 [ 455 00] pata.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 Jul 26 2025 [ 457 00] pbkdf2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 928 Jul 26 2025 [ 458 00] pbkdf2_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 Jul 26 2025 [ 459 00] pci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Jul 26 2025 [ 460 00] pcidump.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4752 Jul 26 2025 [ 461 00] pgp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3132 Jul 26 2025 [ 464 00] plainmount.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3028 Jul 26 2025 [ 466 00] plan9.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1224 Jul 26 2025 [ 468 00] play.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4096 Jul 26 2025 [ 469 00] png.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 800 Jul 26 2025 [ 471 00] priority_queue.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1472 Jul 26 2025 [ 472 00] probe.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 Jul 26 2025 [ 473 00] procfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 Jul 26 2025 [ 474 00] progress.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1552 Jul 26 2025 [ 475 00] pxe.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1136 Jul 26 2025 [ 476 00] pxechain.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 700 Jul 26 2025 [ 477 00] raid5rec.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1228 Jul 26 2025 [ 478 00] raid6rec.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1752 Jul 26 2025 [ 479 00] random.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Jul 26 2025 [ 480 00] rdmsr.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 780 Jul 26 2025 [ 481 00] read.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 740 Jul 26 2025 [ 482 00] reboot.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 27008 Jul 26 2025 [ 483 00] regexp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4280 Jul 26 2025 [ 497 00] reiserfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6712 Jul 26 2025 [ 500 00] relocator.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2160 Jul 26 2025 [ 504 00] romfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2280 Jul 26 2025 [ 506 00] scsi.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1424 Jul 26 2025 [ 508 00] search.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1520 Jul 26 2025 [ 509 00] search_fs_file.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1616 Jul 26 2025 [ 510 00] search_fs_uuid.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1524 Jul 26 2025 [ 511 00] search_label.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2584 Jul 26 2025 [ 512 00] sendkey.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4248 Jul 26 2025 [ 514 00] serial.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 304 Jul 26 2025 [ 517 00] setjmp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 680 Jul 26 2025 [ 518 00] setjmp_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2212 Jul 26 2025 [ 519 00] setpci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2612 Jul 26 2025 [ 521 00] sfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Jul 26 2025 [ 523 00] shift_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4272 Jul 26 2025 [ 524 00] signature_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 Jul 26 2025 [ 527 00] sleep.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1152 Jul 26 2025 [ 528 00] sleep_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 Jul 26 2025 [ 529 00] smbios.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 808 Jul 26 2025 [ 531 00] spkmodem.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3796 Jul 26 2025 [ 532 00] squash4.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 920 Jul 26 2025 [ 534 00] strtoull_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7216 Jul 26 2025 [ 535 00] syslinuxcfg.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1724 Jul 26 2025 [ 539 00] tar.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 168 Jul 26 2025 [ 540 00] terminal.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1784 Jul 26 2025 [ 541 00] terminal.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5148 Jul 26 2025 [ 542 00] terminfo.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2320 Jul 26 2025 [ 545 00] test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 580 Jul 26 2025 [ 547 00] test_blockarg.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1252 Jul 26 2025 [ 548 00] testload.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1024 Jul 26 2025 [ 549 00] testspeed.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2324 Jul 26 2025 [ 550 00] tftp.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1804 Jul 26 2025 [ 552 00] tga.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 Jul 26 2025 [ 553 00] time.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 Jul 26 2025 [ 554 00] tr.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 788 Jul 26 2025 [ 555 00] trig.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 504 Jul 26 2025 [ 556 00] true.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1556 Jul 26 2025 [ 557 00] truecrypt.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4532 Jul 26 2025 [ 558 00] udf.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2656 Jul 26 2025 [ 561 00] ufs1.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2880 Jul 26 2025 [ 563 00] ufs1_be.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2756 Jul 26 2025 [ 565 00] ufs2.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2976 Jul 26 2025 [ 567 00] uhci.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5164 Jul 26 2025 [ 569 00] usb.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1812 Jul 26 2025 [ 572 00] usb_keyboard.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2808 Jul 26 2025 [ 573 00] usbms.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 Jul 26 2025 [ 575 00] usbserial_common.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1008 Jul 26 2025 [ 576 00] usbserial_ftdi.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1064 Jul 26 2025 [ 577 00] usbserial_pl2303.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 620 Jul 26 2025 [ 578 00] usbserial_usbdebug.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1788 Jul 26 2025 [ 579 00] usbtest.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4100 Jul 26 2025 [ 580 00] vbe.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1288 Jul 26 2025 [ 583 00] verifiers.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1892 Jul 26 2025 [ 584 00] vga.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1016 Jul 26 2025 [ 585 00] vga_text.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 88 Jul 26 2025 [ 586 00] video.lst \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2312 Jul 26 2025 [ 587 00] video.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 Jul 26 2025 [ 589 00] video_bochs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2328 Jul 26 2025 [ 591 00] video_cirrus.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2276 Jul 26 2025 [ 593 00] video_colors.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9336 Jul 26 2025 [ 595 00] video_fb.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1708 Jul 26 2025 [ 600 00] videoinfo.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1656 Jul 26 2025 [ 601 00] videotest.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 888 Jul 26 2025 [ 602 00] videotest_checksum.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 728 Jul 26 2025 [ 603 00] wrmsr.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4088 Jul 26 2025 [ 604 00] xfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 11332 Jul 26 2025 [ 606 00] xnu.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 972 Jul 26 2025 [ 612 00] xnu_uuid.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 812 Jul 26 2025 [ 613 00] xnu_uuid_test.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8084 Jul 26 2025 [ 614 00] xzio.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19132 Jul 26 2025 [ 618 00] zfs.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 Jul 26 2025 [ 628 00] zfscrypt.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2540 Jul 26 2025 [ 630 00] zfsinfo.mod \n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19312 Jul 26 2025 [ 632 00] zstd.mod \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 38912 Aug 28 2026 [ 24 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3588 Aug 28 2026 [ 50 00] 915resolution.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4328 Aug 28 2026 [ 52 00] acpi.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 552 Aug 28 2026 [ 55 00] adler32.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2672 Aug 28 2026 [ 56 00] affs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3200 Aug 28 2026 [ 58 00] afs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 Aug 28 2026 [ 60 00] afsplitter.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5056 Aug 28 2026 [ 61 00] ahci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 240 Aug 28 2026 [ 64 00] all_video.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 500 Aug 28 2026 [ 65 00] aout.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1664 Aug 28 2026 [ 66 00] archelp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2024 Aug 28 2026 [ 67 00] at_keyboard.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2708 Aug 28 2026 [ 68 00] ata.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 756 Aug 28 2026 [ 70 00] backtrace.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3620 Aug 28 2026 [ 71 00] bfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 Aug 28 2026 [ 73 00] biosdisk.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1156 Aug 28 2026 [ 75 00] bitmap.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2024 Aug 28 2026 [ 76 00] bitmap_scale.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 Aug 28 2026 [ 77 00] blocklist.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1188 Aug 28 2026 [ 78 00] boot.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12580 Aug 28 2026 [ 79 00] bsd.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1064 Aug 28 2026 [ 86 00] bswap_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9264 Aug 28 2026 [ 87 00] btrfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1108 Aug 28 2026 [ 92 00] bufio.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1364 Aug 28 2026 [ 93 00] cat.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1860 Aug 28 2026 [ 94 00] cbfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1184 Aug 28 2026 [ 95 00] cbls.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Aug 28 2026 [ 96 00] cbmemc.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 544 Aug 28 2026 [ 97 00] cbtable.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1116 Aug 28 2026 [ 98 00] cbtime.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1576 Aug 28 2026 [ 99 00] chain.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 Aug 28 2026 [ 100 00] cmdline_cat_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 568 Aug 28 2026 [ 101 00] cmosdump.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 Aug 28 2026 [ 102 00] cmostest.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1016 Aug 28 2026 [ 103 00] cmp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1788 Aug 28 2026 [ 104 00] cmp_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1476 Aug 28 2026 [ 105 00] command.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Aug 28 2026 [ 106 00] configfile.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1332 Aug 28 2026 [ 107 00] cpio.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1488 Aug 28 2026 [ 108 00] cpio_be.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 Aug 28 2026 [ 109 00] cpuid.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 784 Aug 28 2026 [ 110 00] crc64.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 420 Aug 28 2026 [ 111 00] crypto.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2320 Aug 28 2026 [ 112 00] crypto.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6784 Aug 28 2026 [ 114 00] cryptodisk.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1480 Aug 28 2026 [ 118 00] cs5536.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 Aug 28 2026 [ 119 00] ctz_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1028 Aug 28 2026 [ 120 00] date.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 Aug 28 2026 [ 121 00] datehook.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1100 Aug 28 2026 [ 122 00] datetime.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 Aug 28 2026 [ 123 00] disk.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5284 Aug 28 2026 [ 124 00] diskfilter.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 508 Aug 28 2026 [ 127 00] div.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2236 Aug 28 2026 [ 128 00] div_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 844 Aug 28 2026 [ 130 00] dm_nv.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2416 Aug 28 2026 [ 131 00] drivemap.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 Aug 28 2026 [ 133 00] echo.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9388 Aug 28 2026 [ 134 00] efiemu.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3196 Aug 28 2026 [ 139 00] efiemu32.o \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3740 Aug 28 2026 [ 141 00] efiemu64.o \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 Aug 28 2026 [ 143 00] ehci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2472 Aug 28 2026 [ 146 00] elf.mod \n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 48364 Aug 28 2026 [ 148 00] eltorito.img \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 656 Aug 28 2026 [ 172 00] eval.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3380 Aug 28 2026 [ 173 00] exfat.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 560 Aug 28 2026 [ 175 00] exfctest.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3248 Aug 28 2026 [ 176 00] ext2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2436 Aug 28 2026 [ 178 00] extcmd.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3496 Aug 28 2026 [ 180 00] f2fs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3584 Aug 28 2026 [ 182 00] fat.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5856 Aug 28 2026 [ 184 00] file.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6588 Aug 28 2026 [ 187 00] font.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 Aug 28 2026 [ 191 00] freedos.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 208 Aug 28 2026 [ 192 00] fs.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 Aug 28 2026 [ 193 00] fshelp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8520 Aug 28 2026 [ 194 00] functional_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 792 Aug 28 2026 [ 199 00] gcry_arcfour.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5516 Aug 28 2026 [ 200 00] gcry_blowfish.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8428 Aug 28 2026 [ 203 00] gcry_camellia.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10644 Aug 28 2026 [ 208 00] gcry_cast5.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8612 Aug 28 2026 [ 214 00] gcry_crc.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4080 Aug 28 2026 [ 219 00] gcry_des.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 944 Aug 28 2026 [ 221 00] gcry_dsa.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1512 Aug 28 2026 [ 222 00] gcry_idea.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1440 Aug 28 2026 [ 223 00] gcry_md4.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1820 Aug 28 2026 [ 224 00] gcry_md5.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 Aug 28 2026 [ 225 00] gcry_rfc2268.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7600 Aug 28 2026 [ 226 00] gcry_rijndael.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2732 Aug 28 2026 [ 230 00] gcry_rmd160.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 Aug 28 2026 [ 232 00] gcry_rsa.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4508 Aug 28 2026 [ 233 00] gcry_seed.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5336 Aug 28 2026 [ 236 00] gcry_serpent.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3156 Aug 28 2026 [ 239 00] gcry_sha1.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2088 Aug 28 2026 [ 241 00] gcry_sha256.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2956 Aug 28 2026 [ 243 00] gcry_sha512.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10688 Aug 28 2026 [ 245 00] gcry_tiger.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9848 Aug 28 2026 [ 251 00] gcry_twofish.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 Aug 28 2026 [ 256 00] gcry_whirlpool.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3780 Aug 28 2026 [ 259 00] gdb.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2552 Aug 28 2026 [ 261 00] geli.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 Aug 28 2026 [ 263 00] gettext.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 15588 Aug 28 2026 [ 265 00] gfxmenu.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3880 Aug 28 2026 [ 273 00] gfxterm.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Aug 28 2026 [ 275 00] gfxterm_background.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1852 Aug 28 2026 [ 276 00] gfxterm_menu.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1816 Aug 28 2026 [ 277 00] gptsync.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4504 Aug 28 2026 [ 278 00] gzio.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2196 Aug 28 2026 [ 281 00] halt.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 Aug 28 2026 [ 283 00] hashsum.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2888 Aug 28 2026 [ 285 00] hdparm.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 496 Aug 28 2026 [ 287 00] hello.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1264 Aug 28 2026 [ 288 00] help.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1452 Aug 28 2026 [ 289 00] hexdump.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3744 Aug 28 2026 [ 290 00] hfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4160 Aug 28 2026 [ 292 00] hfsplus.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1536 Aug 28 2026 [ 295 00] hfspluscomp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 Aug 28 2026 [ 296 00] http.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1168 Aug 28 2026 [ 298 00] hwmatch.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Aug 28 2026 [ 299 00] iorw.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4744 Aug 28 2026 [ 300 00] iso9660.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3464 Aug 28 2026 [ 303 00] jfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4004 Aug 28 2026 [ 305 00] jpeg.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 Aug 28 2026 [ 307 00] json.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1404 Aug 28 2026 [ 309 00] keylayouts.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 772 Aug 28 2026 [ 310 00] keystatus.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2908 Aug 28 2026 [ 311 00] ldm.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 908 Aug 28 2026 [ 313 00] legacy_password_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 11064 Aug 28 2026 [ 314 00] legacycfg.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6148 Aug 28 2026 [ 320 00] linux.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2616 Aug 28 2026 [ 324 00] linux16.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2828 Aug 28 2026 [ 326 00] loadenv.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1516 Aug 28 2026 [ 328 00] loopback.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1688 Aug 28 2026 [ 329 00] ls.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2072 Aug 28 2026 [ 330 00] lsacpi.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Aug 28 2026 [ 332 00] lsapm.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 812 Aug 28 2026 [ 333 00] lsmmap.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 Aug 28 2026 [ 334 00] lspci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1828 Aug 28 2026 [ 335 00] luks.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6016 Aug 28 2026 [ 336 00] luks2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3964 Aug 28 2026 [ 339 00] lvm.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2716 Aug 28 2026 [ 341 00] lzopio.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1600 Aug 28 2026 [ 343 00] macbless.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3240 Aug 28 2026 [ 344 00] macho.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 976 Aug 28 2026 [ 346 00] mda_text.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 940 Aug 28 2026 [ 347 00] mdraid09.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 Aug 28 2026 [ 348 00] mdraid09_be.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 Aug 28 2026 [ 349 00] mdraid1x.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Aug 28 2026 [ 350 00] memdisk.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Aug 28 2026 [ 351 00] memrw.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1568 Aug 28 2026 [ 352 00] minicmd.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2012 Aug 28 2026 [ 353 00] minix.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2108 Aug 28 2026 [ 354 00] minix2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2172 Aug 28 2026 [ 356 00] minix2_be.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2056 Aug 28 2026 [ 358 00] minix3.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 Aug 28 2026 [ 360 00] minix3_be.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2080 Aug 28 2026 [ 362 00] minix_be.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4136 Aug 28 2026 [ 364 00] mmap.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 Aug 28 2026 [ 367 00] moddep.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1288 Aug 28 2026 [ 369 00] modinfo.sh \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 Aug 28 2026 [ 370 00] morse.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12576 Aug 28 2026 [ 371 00] mpi.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1080 Aug 28 2026 [ 378 00] msdospart.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 948 Aug 28 2026 [ 379 00] mul_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6708 Aug 28 2026 [ 380 00] multiboot.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7072 Aug 28 2026 [ 384 00] multiboot2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1924 Aug 28 2026 [ 388 00] nativedisk.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 25584 Aug 28 2026 [ 389 00] net.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1548 Aug 28 2026 [ 402 00] newc.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3360 Aug 28 2026 [ 403 00] nilfs2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 44812 Aug 28 2026 [ 405 00] normal.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5776 Aug 28 2026 [ 427 00] ntfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2480 Aug 28 2026 [ 430 00] ntfscomp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1076 Aug 28 2026 [ 432 00] ntldr.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1460 Aug 28 2026 [ 433 00] odc.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 692 Aug 28 2026 [ 434 00] offsetio.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4448 Aug 28 2026 [ 435 00] ohci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 Aug 28 2026 [ 438 00] part_acorn.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 900 Aug 28 2026 [ 439 00] part_amiga.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 Aug 28 2026 [ 440 00] part_apple.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1276 Aug 28 2026 [ 441 00] part_bsd.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 Aug 28 2026 [ 442 00] part_dfly.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 708 Aug 28 2026 [ 443 00] part_dvh.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 Aug 28 2026 [ 444 00] part_gpt.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1204 Aug 28 2026 [ 445 00] part_msdos.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Aug 28 2026 [ 446 00] part_plan.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 732 Aug 28 2026 [ 447 00] part_sun.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 776 Aug 28 2026 [ 448 00] part_sunpc.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 120 Aug 28 2026 [ 449 00] partmap.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 72 Aug 28 2026 [ 450 00] parttool.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2096 Aug 28 2026 [ 451 00] parttool.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 Aug 28 2026 [ 453 00] password.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1304 Aug 28 2026 [ 454 00] password_pbkdf2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 Aug 28 2026 [ 455 00] pata.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 Aug 28 2026 [ 457 00] pbkdf2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 928 Aug 28 2026 [ 458 00] pbkdf2_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 Aug 28 2026 [ 459 00] pci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Aug 28 2026 [ 460 00] pcidump.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4752 Aug 28 2026 [ 461 00] pgp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3132 Aug 28 2026 [ 464 00] plainmount.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3028 Aug 28 2026 [ 466 00] plan9.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1224 Aug 28 2026 [ 468 00] play.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4096 Aug 28 2026 [ 469 00] png.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 800 Aug 28 2026 [ 471 00] priority_queue.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1472 Aug 28 2026 [ 472 00] probe.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 Aug 28 2026 [ 473 00] procfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 Aug 28 2026 [ 474 00] progress.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1552 Aug 28 2026 [ 475 00] pxe.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1136 Aug 28 2026 [ 476 00] pxechain.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 700 Aug 28 2026 [ 477 00] raid5rec.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1228 Aug 28 2026 [ 478 00] raid6rec.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1752 Aug 28 2026 [ 479 00] random.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 Aug 28 2026 [ 480 00] rdmsr.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 780 Aug 28 2026 [ 481 00] read.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 740 Aug 28 2026 [ 482 00] reboot.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 27008 Aug 28 2026 [ 483 00] regexp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4280 Aug 28 2026 [ 497 00] reiserfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6712 Aug 28 2026 [ 500 00] relocator.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2160 Aug 28 2026 [ 504 00] romfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2280 Aug 28 2026 [ 506 00] scsi.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1424 Aug 28 2026 [ 508 00] search.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1520 Aug 28 2026 [ 509 00] search_fs_file.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1616 Aug 28 2026 [ 510 00] search_fs_uuid.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1524 Aug 28 2026 [ 511 00] search_label.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2584 Aug 28 2026 [ 512 00] sendkey.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4248 Aug 28 2026 [ 514 00] serial.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 304 Aug 28 2026 [ 517 00] setjmp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 680 Aug 28 2026 [ 518 00] setjmp_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2212 Aug 28 2026 [ 519 00] setpci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2612 Aug 28 2026 [ 521 00] sfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 Aug 28 2026 [ 523 00] shift_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4272 Aug 28 2026 [ 524 00] signature_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 Aug 28 2026 [ 527 00] sleep.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1152 Aug 28 2026 [ 528 00] sleep_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 Aug 28 2026 [ 529 00] smbios.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 808 Aug 28 2026 [ 531 00] spkmodem.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3796 Aug 28 2026 [ 532 00] squash4.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 920 Aug 28 2026 [ 534 00] strtoull_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7216 Aug 28 2026 [ 535 00] syslinuxcfg.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1724 Aug 28 2026 [ 539 00] tar.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 168 Aug 28 2026 [ 540 00] terminal.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1784 Aug 28 2026 [ 541 00] terminal.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5148 Aug 28 2026 [ 542 00] terminfo.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2320 Aug 28 2026 [ 545 00] test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 580 Aug 28 2026 [ 547 00] test_blockarg.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1252 Aug 28 2026 [ 548 00] testload.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1024 Aug 28 2026 [ 549 00] testspeed.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2324 Aug 28 2026 [ 550 00] tftp.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1804 Aug 28 2026 [ 552 00] tga.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 Aug 28 2026 [ 553 00] time.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 Aug 28 2026 [ 554 00] tr.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 788 Aug 28 2026 [ 555 00] trig.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 504 Aug 28 2026 [ 556 00] true.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1556 Aug 28 2026 [ 557 00] truecrypt.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4532 Aug 28 2026 [ 558 00] udf.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2656 Aug 28 2026 [ 561 00] ufs1.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2880 Aug 28 2026 [ 563 00] ufs1_be.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2756 Aug 28 2026 [ 565 00] ufs2.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2976 Aug 28 2026 [ 567 00] uhci.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5164 Aug 28 2026 [ 569 00] usb.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1812 Aug 28 2026 [ 572 00] usb_keyboard.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2808 Aug 28 2026 [ 573 00] usbms.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 Aug 28 2026 [ 575 00] usbserial_common.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1008 Aug 28 2026 [ 576 00] usbserial_ftdi.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1064 Aug 28 2026 [ 577 00] usbserial_pl2303.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 620 Aug 28 2026 [ 578 00] usbserial_usbdebug.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1788 Aug 28 2026 [ 579 00] usbtest.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4100 Aug 28 2026 [ 580 00] vbe.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1288 Aug 28 2026 [ 583 00] verifiers.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1892 Aug 28 2026 [ 584 00] vga.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1016 Aug 28 2026 [ 585 00] vga_text.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 88 Aug 28 2026 [ 586 00] video.lst \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2312 Aug 28 2026 [ 587 00] video.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 Aug 28 2026 [ 589 00] video_bochs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2328 Aug 28 2026 [ 591 00] video_cirrus.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2276 Aug 28 2026 [ 593 00] video_colors.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9336 Aug 28 2026 [ 595 00] video_fb.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1708 Aug 28 2026 [ 600 00] videoinfo.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1656 Aug 28 2026 [ 601 00] videotest.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 888 Aug 28 2026 [ 602 00] videotest_checksum.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 728 Aug 28 2026 [ 603 00] wrmsr.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4088 Aug 28 2026 [ 604 00] xfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 11332 Aug 28 2026 [ 606 00] xnu.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 972 Aug 28 2026 [ 612 00] xnu_uuid.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 812 Aug 28 2026 [ 613 00] xnu_uuid_test.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8084 Aug 28 2026 [ 614 00] xzio.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19132 Aug 28 2026 [ 618 00] zfs.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 Aug 28 2026 [ 628 00] zfscrypt.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2540 Aug 28 2026 [ 630 00] zfsinfo.mod \n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19312 Aug 28 2026 [ 632 00] zstd.mod \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/locale/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 43 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 43 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n \n Directory listing of /boot/grub/roms/\n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 44 02] . \n-dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Jul 26 2025 [ 22 02] .. \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 44 02] . \n+dr-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2048 Aug 28 2026 [ 22 02] .. \n"}, {"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,297 +1,297 @@\n-dr-xr-xr-x 3 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:19.000000 .\n-dr-xr-xr-x 3 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot\n-dr-xr-xr-x 6 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub\n-dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/fonts\n-dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 38912 2025-07-26 14:05:29.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc\n-dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/locale\n-dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/roms\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot.catalog\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 2025-07-26 14:05:19.000000 boot/grub/grub.cfg\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3588 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/915resolution.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4328 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/acpi.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 552 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/adler32.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2672 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/affs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3200 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/afs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/afsplitter.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5056 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ahci.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 240 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/all_video.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 500 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/aout.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1664 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/archelp.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2024 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/at_keyboard.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2708 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ata.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 756 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/backtrace.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3620 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/biosdisk.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1156 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bitmap.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2024 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bitmap_scale.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/blocklist.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1188 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/boot.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12580 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bsd.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1064 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bswap_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9264 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/btrfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1108 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bufio.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1364 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cat.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1860 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1184 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbls.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbmemc.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 544 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbtable.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1116 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbtime.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1576 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/chain.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmdline_cat_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 568 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmosdump.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmostest.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1016 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmp.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1788 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmp_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1476 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/command.lst\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/configfile.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1332 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpio.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1488 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpio_be.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpuid.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 784 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crc64.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 420 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crypto.lst\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2320 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crypto.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6784 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cryptodisk.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1480 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cs5536.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ctz_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1028 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/date.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/datehook.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1100 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/datetime.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/disk.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5284 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/diskfilter.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 508 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/div.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2236 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/div_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 844 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/dm_nv.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2416 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/drivemap.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/echo.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9388 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3196 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu32.o\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3740 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu64.o\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ehci.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2472 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/elf.mod\n--r--r--r-- 1 0 0 48364 2025-07-26 14:05:29.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/eltorito.img\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 656 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/eval.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3380 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/exfat.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 560 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/exfctest.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3248 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ext2.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2436 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/extcmd.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3496 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/f2fs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3584 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fat.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5856 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/file.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6588 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/font.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/freedos.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 208 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fs.lst\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fshelp.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8520 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/functional_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 792 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_arcfour.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5516 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_blowfish.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8428 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_camellia.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10644 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_cast5.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8612 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_crc.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4080 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_des.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 944 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_dsa.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1512 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_idea.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1440 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_md4.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1820 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_md5.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rfc2268.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7600 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rijndael.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2732 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rmd160.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rsa.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4508 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_seed.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5336 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_serpent.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3156 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha1.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2088 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha256.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2956 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha512.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10688 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_tiger.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9848 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_twofish.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_whirlpool.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3780 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gdb.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2552 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/geli.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gettext.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 15588 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxmenu.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3880 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm_background.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1852 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm_menu.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1816 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gptsync.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4504 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gzio.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2196 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/halt.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hashsum.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2888 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hdparm.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 496 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hello.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1264 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/help.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1452 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hexdump.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3744 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4160 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfsplus.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1536 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfspluscomp.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/http.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1168 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hwmatch.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/iorw.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4744 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/iso9660.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3464 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/jfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4004 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/jpeg.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/json.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1404 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/keylayouts.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 772 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/keystatus.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2908 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ldm.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 908 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/legacy_password_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 11064 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/legacycfg.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6148 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/linux.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2616 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/linux16.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2828 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/loadenv.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1516 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/loopback.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1688 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ls.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2072 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsacpi.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsapm.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 812 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsmmap.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lspci.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1828 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/luks.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6016 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/luks2.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3964 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lvm.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2716 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lzopio.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1600 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/macbless.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3240 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/macho.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 976 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mda_text.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 940 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid09.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid09_be.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid1x.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/memdisk.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/memrw.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1568 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minicmd.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2012 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2108 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix2.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2172 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix2_be.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2056 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix3.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix3_be.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2080 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix_be.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4136 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mmap.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/moddep.lst\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1288 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/morse.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12576 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mpi.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1080 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/msdospart.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 948 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mul_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6708 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/multiboot.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7072 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/multiboot2.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1924 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/nativedisk.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 25584 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/net.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1548 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/newc.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3360 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/nilfs2.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 44812 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/normal.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5776 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2480 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntfscomp.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1076 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntldr.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1460 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/odc.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 692 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/offsetio.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4448 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ohci.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_acorn.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 900 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_amiga.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_apple.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1276 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_bsd.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_dfly.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 708 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_dvh.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_gpt.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1204 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_msdos.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_plan.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 732 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_sun.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 776 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_sunpc.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 120 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/partmap.lst\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 72 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/parttool.lst\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2096 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/parttool.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/password.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1304 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/password_pbkdf2.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pata.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pbkdf2.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 928 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pbkdf2_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pci.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pcidump.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4752 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pgp.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3132 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/plainmount.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3028 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/plan9.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1224 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/play.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4096 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/png.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 800 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/priority_queue.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1472 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/probe.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/procfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/progress.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1552 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pxe.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1136 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pxechain.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 700 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/raid5rec.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1228 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/raid6rec.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1752 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/random.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/rdmsr.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 780 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/read.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 740 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/reboot.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 27008 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/regexp.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4280 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/reiserfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6712 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/relocator.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2160 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/romfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2280 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/scsi.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1424 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1520 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_fs_file.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1616 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_fs_uuid.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1524 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_label.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2584 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sendkey.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4248 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/serial.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 304 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setjmp.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 680 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setjmp_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2212 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setpci.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2612 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/shift_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4272 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/signature_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sleep.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1152 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sleep_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/smbios.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 808 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/spkmodem.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3796 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/squash4.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 920 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/strtoull_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7216 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/syslinuxcfg.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1724 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tar.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 168 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminal.lst\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1784 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminal.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5148 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminfo.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2320 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 580 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/test_blockarg.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1252 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/testload.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1024 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/testspeed.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2324 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tftp.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1804 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tga.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/time.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tr.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 788 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/trig.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 504 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/true.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1556 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/truecrypt.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4532 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/udf.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2656 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs1.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2880 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs1_be.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2756 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs2.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2976 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/uhci.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5164 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usb.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1812 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usb_keyboard.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2808 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbms.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_common.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1008 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_ftdi.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1064 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_pl2303.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 620 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_usbdebug.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1788 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbtest.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4100 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vbe.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1288 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/verifiers.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1892 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vga.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1016 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vga_text.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 88 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video.lst\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2312 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_bochs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2328 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_cirrus.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2276 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_colors.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9336 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_fb.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1708 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videoinfo.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1656 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videotest.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 888 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videotest_checksum.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 728 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/wrmsr.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4088 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 11332 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 972 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu_uuid.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 812 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu_uuid_test.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8084 2025-07-26 14:05:26.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xzio.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19132 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfs.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 2025-07-26 14:05:27.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfscrypt.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2540 2025-07-26 14:05:28.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfsinfo.mod\n--r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19312 2025-07-26 14:05:24.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zstd.mod\n+dr-xr-xr-x 3 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 .\n+dr-xr-xr-x 3 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot\n+dr-xr-xr-x 6 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub\n+dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/fonts\n+dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 38912 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc\n+dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/locale\n+dr-xr-xr-x 2 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/roms\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 2048 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot.catalog\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 1705 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/grub.cfg\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3588 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/915resolution.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4328 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/acpi.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 552 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/adler32.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2672 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/affs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3200 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/afs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/afsplitter.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5056 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ahci.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 240 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/all_video.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 500 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/aout.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1664 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/archelp.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2024 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/at_keyboard.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2708 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ata.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 756 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/backtrace.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3620 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/biosdisk.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1156 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bitmap.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2024 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bitmap_scale.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/blocklist.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1188 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/boot.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12580 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bsd.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1064 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bswap_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9264 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/btrfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1108 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/bufio.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1364 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cat.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1860 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1184 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbls.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbmemc.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 544 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbtable.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1116 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cbtime.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1576 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/chain.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmdline_cat_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 568 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmosdump.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmostest.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1016 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmp.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1788 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cmp_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1476 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/command.lst\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/configfile.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1332 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpio.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1488 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpio_be.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cpuid.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 784 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crc64.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 420 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crypto.lst\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2320 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/crypto.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6784 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cryptodisk.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1480 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/cs5536.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ctz_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1028 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/date.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/datehook.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1100 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/datetime.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/disk.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5284 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/diskfilter.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 508 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/div.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2236 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/div_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 844 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/dm_nv.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2416 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/drivemap.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/echo.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9388 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3196 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu32.o\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3740 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/efiemu64.o\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ehci.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2472 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/elf.mod\n+-r--r--r-- 1 0 0 48364 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/eltorito.img\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 656 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/eval.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3380 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/exfat.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 560 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/exfctest.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3248 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ext2.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2436 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/extcmd.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3496 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/f2fs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3584 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fat.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5856 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/file.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6588 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/font.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1164 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/freedos.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 208 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fs.lst\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/fshelp.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8520 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/functional_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 792 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_arcfour.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5516 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_blowfish.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8428 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_camellia.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10644 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_cast5.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8612 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_crc.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4080 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_des.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 944 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_dsa.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1512 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_idea.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1440 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_md4.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1820 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_md5.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1308 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rfc2268.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7600 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rijndael.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2732 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rmd160.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 892 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_rsa.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4508 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_seed.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5336 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_serpent.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3156 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha1.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2088 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha256.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2956 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_sha512.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 10688 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_tiger.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9848 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_twofish.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6056 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gcry_whirlpool.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3780 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gdb.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2552 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/geli.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gettext.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 15588 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxmenu.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3880 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm_background.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1852 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gfxterm_menu.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1816 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gptsync.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4504 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/gzio.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2196 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/halt.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hashsum.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2888 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hdparm.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 496 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hello.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1264 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/help.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1452 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hexdump.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3744 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4160 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfsplus.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1536 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hfspluscomp.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/http.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1168 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/hwmatch.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/iorw.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4744 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/iso9660.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3464 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/jfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4004 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/jpeg.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2532 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/json.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1404 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/keylayouts.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 772 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/keystatus.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2908 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ldm.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 908 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/legacy_password_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 11064 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/legacycfg.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6148 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/linux.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2616 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/linux16.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2828 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/loadenv.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1516 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/loopback.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1688 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ls.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2072 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsacpi.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsapm.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 812 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lsmmap.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1772 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lspci.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1828 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/luks.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6016 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/luks2.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3964 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lvm.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2716 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/lzopio.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1600 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/macbless.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3240 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/macho.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 976 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mda_text.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 940 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid09.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid09_be.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mdraid1x.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/memdisk.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/memrw.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1568 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minicmd.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2012 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2108 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix2.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2172 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix2_be.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2056 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix3.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2132 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix3_be.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2080 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/minix_be.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4136 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mmap.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/moddep.lst\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1288 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 716 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/morse.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 12576 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mpi.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1080 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/msdospart.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 948 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/mul_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6708 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/multiboot.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7072 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/multiboot2.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1924 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/nativedisk.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 25584 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/net.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1548 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/newc.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3360 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/nilfs2.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 44812 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/normal.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5776 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2480 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntfscomp.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1076 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ntldr.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1460 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/odc.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 692 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/offsetio.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4448 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ohci.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 816 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_acorn.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 900 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_amiga.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 980 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_apple.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1276 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_bsd.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 860 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_dfly.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 708 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_dvh.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_gpt.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1204 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_msdos.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_plan.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 732 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_sun.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 776 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/part_sunpc.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 120 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/partmap.lst\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 72 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/parttool.lst\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2096 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/parttool.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 836 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/password.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1304 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/password_pbkdf2.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pata.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pbkdf2.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 928 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pbkdf2_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 724 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pci.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pcidump.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4752 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pgp.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3132 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/plainmount.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3028 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/plan9.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1224 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/play.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4096 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/png.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 800 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/priority_queue.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1472 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/probe.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/procfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1104 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/progress.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1552 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pxe.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1136 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/pxechain.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 700 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/raid5rec.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1228 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/raid6rec.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1752 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/random.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 852 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/rdmsr.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 780 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/read.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 740 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/reboot.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 27008 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/regexp.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4280 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/reiserfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 6712 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/relocator.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2160 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/romfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2280 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/scsi.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1424 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1520 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_fs_file.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1616 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_fs_uuid.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1524 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/search_label.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2584 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sendkey.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4248 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/serial.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 304 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setjmp.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 680 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setjmp_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2212 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/setpci.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2612 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1128 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/shift_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4272 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/signature_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 916 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sleep.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1152 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/sleep_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2340 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/smbios.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 808 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/spkmodem.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 3796 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/squash4.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 920 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/strtoull_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 7216 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/syslinuxcfg.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1724 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tar.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 168 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminal.lst\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1784 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminal.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5148 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/terminfo.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2320 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 580 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/test_blockarg.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1252 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/testload.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1024 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/testspeed.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2324 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tftp.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1804 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tga.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 688 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/time.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1084 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/tr.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 788 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/trig.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 504 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/true.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1556 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/truecrypt.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4532 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/udf.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2656 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs1.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2880 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs1_be.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2756 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/ufs2.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2976 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/uhci.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 5164 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usb.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1812 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usb_keyboard.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2808 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbms.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 964 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_common.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1008 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_ftdi.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1064 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_pl2303.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 620 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbserial_usbdebug.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1788 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/usbtest.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4100 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vbe.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1288 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/verifiers.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1892 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vga.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1016 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/vga_text.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 88 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video.lst\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2312 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2128 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_bochs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2328 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_cirrus.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2276 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_colors.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 9336 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/video_fb.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1708 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videoinfo.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 1656 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videotest.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 888 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/videotest_checksum.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 728 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/wrmsr.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 4088 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 11332 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 972 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu_uuid.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 812 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xnu_uuid_test.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 8084 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/xzio.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19132 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfs.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2728 2026-08-28 21:06:38.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfscrypt.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 2540 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zfsinfo.mod\n+-r-xr-xr-x 1 0 0 19312 2026-08-28 21:06:39.000000 boot/grub/i386-pc/zstd.mod\n"}, {"source1": "boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "source2": "boot/grub/i386-pc/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "modinfo.sh-content", "source2": "modinfo.sh-content", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=pc\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-xen-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-xen-bin_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 11684 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1028760 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 11688 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1028704 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -124,15 +124,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3592 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3724 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3864 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3648 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3816 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3732 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3766 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2622 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2620 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 27464 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2392 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1972 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 59408 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/net.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3152 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/newc.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 6732 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/nilfs2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 115068 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/normal.mod\n@@ -342,15 +342,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3724 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3864 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3648 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3816 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3732 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5788 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/mmap.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3871 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2634 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2632 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 27464 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2392 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1972 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 13700 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/multiboot.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14688 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/multiboot2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 59408 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/net.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3152 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/newc.mod\n@@ -562,15 +562,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5560 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5672 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5768 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix2_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5744 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix3.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5824 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix3_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 5648 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/minix_be.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3766 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/moddep.lst\n--rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2547 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/modinfo.sh\n+-rwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 2545 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/modinfo.sh\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 44032 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/mpi.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3592 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/msdospart.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 2360 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/mul_test.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 96896 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/net.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4728 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/newc.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 10024 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/nilfs2.mod\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 177328 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/normal.mod\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=xen\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/i386-xen_pvh/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=i386\n grub_modinfo_platform=xen_pvh\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/modinfo.sh", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub/x86_64-xen/modinfo.sh", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@\n-#!/bin/bash\n+#!/bin/sh\n \n # User-controllable options\n grub_modinfo_target_cpu=x86_64\n grub_modinfo_platform=xen\n grub_disk_cache_stats=0\n grub_boot_time_stats=0\n grub_have_font_source=1\n"}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub-xen-host_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub-xen-host_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1300 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1334952 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1304 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1335088 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-i386-xen.bin", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-i386-xen.bin", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "source2": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -9311,17 +9311,17 @@\n .rel.rodata\n .rodata.str1.1\n .module_license\n .moddeps\n .modname\n grub.cfg\n 00000001140\n-15041161277\n-pbuilder1\n-pbuilder1\n+15244374446\n+pbuilder2\n+pbuilder2\n # First search for a suitable grub to chainload\n if search -s -f /boot/xen/pvboot-i386.elf ; then\n \techo \"Chainloading (${root})/boot/xen/pvboot-i386.elf\"\n \tmultiboot \"/boot/xen/pvboot-i386.elf\"\n if search -s -f /xen/pvboot-i386.elf ; then\n \techo \"Chainloading (${root})/xen/pvboot-i386.elf\"\n \tmultiboot \"/xen/pvboot-i386.elf\"\n"}, {"source1": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "source2": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -92921,27 +92921,27 @@\n 0x00177763 00000000 01000000 08280000 67727562 .........(..grub\n 0x00177773 2e636667 00000000 00000000 00000000 .cfg............\n 0x00177783 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00177793 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x001777a3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x001777b3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x001777c3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n- 0x001777d3 30303030 36343400 30303032 31323700 0000644.0002127.\n- 0x001777e3 30303032 31323700 30303030 30303031 0002127.00000001\n- 0x001777f3 31343000 31353034 31313631 32373700 140.15041161277.\n- 0x00177803 30313330 33340020 30000000 00000000 013034. 0.......\n+ 0x001777d3 30303030 36343400 30303034 32353600 0000644.0004256.\n+ 0x001777e3 30303034 32353600 30303030 30303031 0004256.00000001\n+ 0x001777f3 31343000 31353234 34333734 34343600 140.15244374446.\n+ 0x00177803 30313330 36310020 30000000 00000000 013061. 0.......\n 0x00177813 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00177823 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00177833 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00177843 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00177853 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00177863 00000000 00000000 00000000 00757374 .............ust\n- 0x00177873 61722020 00706275 696c6465 72310000 ar .pbuilder1..\n+ 0x00177873 61722020 00706275 696c6465 72320000 ar .pbuilder2..\n 0x00177883 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n- 0x00177893 00000000 00706275 696c6465 72310000 .....pbuilder1..\n+ 0x00177893 00000000 00706275 696c6465 72320000 .....pbuilder2..\n 0x001778a3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x001778b3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x001778c3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x001778d3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x001778e3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x001778f3 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00177903 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-i386-xen_pvh.bin", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-i386-xen_pvh.bin", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "source2": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -9616,16 +9616,16 @@\n .rodata.str1.1\n .module_license\n .moddeps\n .modname\n grub.cfg\n 00000000350\n 15031530547\n-pbuilder1\n-pbuilder1\n+pbuilder2\n+pbuilder2\n if search -s -f /boot/grub/grub.cfg ; then\n \techo \"Reading (${root})/boot/grub/grub.cfg\"\n \tconfigfile /boot/grub/grub.cfg\n if search -s -f /grub/grub.cfg ; then\n \techo \"Reading (${root})/grub/grub.cfg\"\n \tconfigfile /grub/grub.cfg\n normal (memdisk)/grub.cfg\n"}, {"source1": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "source2": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -94907,28 +94907,28 @@\n 0x0027f23b 00000000 01000000 00000000 01000000 ................\n 0x0027f24b 08280000 67727562 2e636667 00000000 .(..grub.cfg....\n 0x0027f25b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f26b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f27b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f28b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f29b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n- 0x0027f2ab 00000000 00000000 30303030 36343400 ........0000644.\n- 0x0027f2bb 30303032 31323700 30303032 31323700 0002127.0002127.\n+ 0x0027f2ab 00000000 00000000 30303030 36363400 ........0000664.\n+ 0x0027f2bb 30303034 32353600 30303034 32353600 0004256.0004256.\n 0x0027f2cb 30303030 30303030 33353000 31353033 00000000350.1503\n- 0x0027f2db 31353330 35343700 30313330 33350020 1530547.013035. \n+ 0x0027f2db 31353330 35343700 30313330 35330020 1530547.013053. \n 0x0027f2eb 30000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0...............\n 0x0027f2fb 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f30b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f31b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f32b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f33b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f34b 00000000 00757374 61722020 00706275 .....ustar .pbu\n- 0x0027f35b 696c6465 72310000 00000000 00000000 ilder1..........\n+ 0x0027f35b 696c6465 72320000 00000000 00000000 ilder2..........\n 0x0027f36b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00706275 .............pbu\n- 0x0027f37b 696c6465 72310000 00000000 00000000 ilder1..........\n+ 0x0027f37b 696c6465 72320000 00000000 00000000 ilder2..........\n 0x0027f38b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f39b 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f3ab 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f3bb 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f3cb 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f3db 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x0027f3eb 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-x86_64-xen.bin", "source2": "./usr/lib/grub-xen/grub-x86_64-xen.bin", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "source2": "strings --all --bytes=8 {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -10869,17 +10869,17 @@\n .rela.rodata\n .rodata.str1.1\n .module_license\n .moddeps\n .modname\n grub.cfg\n 00000001154\n-15041161277\n-pbuilder1\n-pbuilder1\n+15244374446\n+pbuilder2\n+pbuilder2\n # First search for a suitable grub to chainload\n if search -s -f /boot/xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf ; then\n \techo \"Chainloading (${root})/boot/xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf\"\n \tmultiboot \"/boot/xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf\"\n if search -s -f /xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf ; then\n \techo \"Chainloading (${root})/xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf\"\n \tmultiboot \"/xen/pvboot-x86_64.elf\"\n"}, {"source1": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "source2": "readelf --wide --decompress --hex-dump=mods {}", "unified_diff": "@@ -131302,27 +131302,27 @@\n 0x00210b5f 01000000 08280000 67727562 2e636667 .....(..grub.cfg\n 0x00210b6f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210b7f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210b8f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210b9f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210baf 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210bbf 00000000 00000000 00000000 30303030 ............0000\n- 0x00210bcf 36343400 30303032 31323700 30303032 644.0002127.0002\n- 0x00210bdf 31323700 30303030 30303031 31353400 127.00000001154.\n- 0x00210bef 31353034 31313631 32373700 30313330 15041161277.0130\n- 0x00210bff 34310020 30000000 00000000 00000000 41. 0...........\n+ 0x00210bcf 36343400 30303034 32353600 30303034 644.0004256.0004\n+ 0x00210bdf 32353600 30303030 30303031 31353400 256.00000001154.\n+ 0x00210bef 31353234 34333734 34343600 30313330 15244374446.0130\n+ 0x00210bff 36360020 30000000 00000000 00000000 66. 0...........\n 0x00210c0f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210c1f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210c2f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210c3f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210c4f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210c5f 00000000 00000000 00757374 61722020 .........ustar \n- 0x00210c6f 00706275 696c6465 72310000 00000000 .pbuilder1......\n+ 0x00210c6f 00706275 696c6465 72320000 00000000 .pbuilder2......\n 0x00210c7f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n- 0x00210c8f 00706275 696c6465 72310000 00000000 .pbuilder1......\n+ 0x00210c8f 00706275 696c6465 72320000 00000000 .pbuilder2......\n 0x00210c9f 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210caf 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210cbf 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210ccf 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210cdf 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210cef 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n 0x00210cff 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 ................\n"}]}]}]}]}, {"source1": "grub2-common_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "source2": "grub2-common_2.12-9_amd64.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 1372 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 641068 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 641060 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -22,16 +22,16 @@\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/grub/\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/grub/default/\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1532 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/grub/default/grub\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 186 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/grub/default/grub.md5sum\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/info/\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 37889 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub-dev.info.gz\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 87406 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub.info-1.gz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14850 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub.info-2.gz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3578 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub.info.gz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 14852 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub.info-2.gz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 3580 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/info/grub.info.gz\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/man/\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/man/man8/\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 1958 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/man/man8/grub-install.8.gz\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 921 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/man/man8/grub-reboot.8.gz\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 655 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/man/man8/grub-set-default.8.gz\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 248 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/share/man/man8/update-grub.8.gz\n lrwxrwxrwx 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-07-03 16:35:51.000000 ./usr/sbin/update-grub2 -> update-grub\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/share/info/grub.info-1.gz", "source2": "./usr/share/info/grub.info-1.gz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "grub.info-1", "source2": "grub.info-1", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -1,18915 +1,18915 @@\n 00000000: 5468 6973 2069 7320 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 This is grub.inf\n 00000010: 6f2c 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 6279 206d o, produced by m\n 00000020: 616b 6569 6e66 6f20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 akeinfo version \n 00000030: 372e 312e 3120 6672 6f6d 2067 7275 622e 7.1.1 from grub.\n 00000040: 7465 7869 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 texi...This manu\n 00000050: 616c 2069 7320 666f 7220 474e 5520 4752 al is for GNU GR\n 00000060: 5542 2028 7665 7273 696f 6e20 322e 3132 UB (version 2.12\n-00000070: 2c20 3236 204a 756c 7920 3230 3235 292e , 26 July 2025).\n-00000080: 0a0a 2020 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 20c2 .. Copyright .\n-00000090: a90a 3139 3939 2c32 3030 302c 3230 3031 ..1999,2000,2001\n-000000a0: 2c32 3030 322c 3230 3034 2c32 3030 362c ,2002,2004,2006,\n-000000b0: 3230 3038 2c32 3030 392c 3230 3130 2c32 2008,2009,2010,2\n-000000c0: 3031 312c 3230 3132 2c32 3031 3320 4672 011,2012,2013 Fr\n-000000d0: 6565 0a53 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e ee.Software Foun\n-000000e0: 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e 0a0a 2020 dation, Inc... \n-000000f0: 2020 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 6973 Permission is\n-00000100: 2067 7261 6e74 6564 2074 6f20 636f 7079 granted to copy\n-00000110: 2c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2061 6e64 , distribute and\n-00000120: 2f6f 7220 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 6869 730a /or modify this.\n-00000130: 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 756e document un\n-00000140: 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 der the terms of\n-00000150: 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 446f the GNU Free Do\n-00000160: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 cumentation Lice\n-00000170: 6e73 652c 0a20 2020 2020 5665 7273 696f nse,. Versio\n-00000180: 6e20 312e 3220 6f72 2061 6e79 206c 6174 n 1.2 or any lat\n-00000190: 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 7562 6c69 er version publi\n-000001a0: 7368 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4672 6565 shed by the Free\n-000001b0: 2053 6f66 7477 6172 650a 2020 2020 2046 Software. F\n-000001c0: 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e3b 2077 6974 6820 oundation; with \n-000001d0: 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 no Invariant Sec\n-000001e0: 7469 6f6e 732e 0a49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d tions..INFO-DIR-\n-000001f0: 5345 4354 494f 4e20 4b65 726e 656c 0a53 SECTION Kernel.S\n-00000200: 5441 5254 2d49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d 454e TART-INFO-DIR-EN\n-00000210: 5452 590a 2a20 4752 5542 3a20 2867 7275 TRY.* GRUB: (gru\n-00000220: 6229 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 b). \n-00000230: 2020 2020 5468 6520 4752 616e 6420 556e The GRand Un\n-00000240: 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 ified Bootloader\n-00000250: 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c3a .* grub-install:\n-00000260: 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (grub)Invoking \n-00000270: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2e20 2020 grub-install. \n-00000280: 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 6f6e Install GRUB on\n-00000290: 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a 2a20 6772 your drive.* gr\n-000002a0: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a 2028 6772 ub-mkconfig: (gr\n-000002b0: 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 ub)Invoking grub\n-000002c0: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 672e 2020 4765 6e65 -mkconfig. Gene\n-000002d0: 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 636f 6e66 6967 rate GRUB config\n-000002e0: 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d uration.* grub-m\n-000002f0: 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 3a20 kpasswd-pbkdf2: \n-00000300: 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 (grub)Invoking g\n-00000310: 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b rub-mkpasswd-pbk\n-00000320: 6466 322e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 df2..* grub-mkre\n-00000330: 6c70 6174 683a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 lpath: (grub)Inv\n-00000340: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c oking grub-mkrel\n-00000350: 7061 7468 2e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 path..* grub-mkr\n-00000360: 6573 6375 653a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 escue: (grub)Inv\n-00000370: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 oking grub-mkres\n-00000380: 6375 652e 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 5255 cue. Make a GRU\n-00000390: 4220 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 6765 0a2a B rescue image.*\n-000003a0: 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 743a 2028 6772 grub-mount: (gr\n-000003b0: 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 ub)Invoking grub\n-000003c0: 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 2020 204d -mount. M\n-000003d0: 6f75 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 ount a file syst\n-000003e0: 656d 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 420a 2a20 em using GRUB.* \n-000003f0: 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 3a20 2867 7275 grub-probe: (gru\n-00000400: 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d b)Invoking grub-\n-00000410: 7072 6f62 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 5072 probe. Pr\n-00000420: 6f62 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e66 6f72 obe device infor\n-00000430: 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 7363 mation.* grub-sc\n-00000440: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a20 2867 7275 ript-check: (gru\n-00000450: 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d b)Invoking grub-\n-00000460: 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 2e0a 454e script-check..EN\n-00000470: 442d 494e 464f 2d44 4952 2d45 4e54 5259 D-INFO-DIR-ENTRY\n-00000480: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00000490: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 546f 702c nfo, Node: Top,\n-000004a0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 Next: Introduc\n-000004b0: 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2028 6469 7229 tion, Up: (dir)\n-000004c0: 0a0a 474e 5520 4752 5542 206d 616e 7561 ..GNU GRUB manua\n-000004d0: 6c0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a l.**************\n-000004e0: 2a0a 0a54 6869 7320 6973 2074 6865 2064 *..This is the d\n-000004f0: 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 ocumentation of \n-00000500: 474e 5520 4752 5542 2c20 7468 6520 4752 GNU GRUB, the GR\n-00000510: 616e 6420 556e 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 and Unified Boot\n-00000520: 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 610a 666c 6578 6962 loader, a.flexib\n-00000530: 6c65 2061 6e64 2070 6f77 6572 6675 6c20 le and powerful \n-00000540: 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 7072 6f67 boot loader prog\n-00000550: 7261 6d20 666f 7220 6120 7769 6465 2072 ram for a wide r\n-00000560: 616e 6765 206f 660a 6172 6368 6974 6563 ange of.architec\n-00000570: 7475 7265 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 tures... This \n-00000580: 6564 6974 696f 6e20 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 edition document\n-00000590: 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e20 322e 3132 2e0a s version 2.12..\n-000005a0: 0a20 2020 5468 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c20 . This manual \n-000005b0: 6973 2066 6f72 2047 4e55 2047 5255 4220 is for GNU GRUB \n-000005c0: 2876 6572 7369 6f6e 2032 2e31 322c 2032 (version 2.12, 2\n-000005d0: 3620 4a75 6c79 2032 3032 3529 2e0a 0a20 6 July 2025)... \n-000005e0: 2020 436f 7079 7269 6768 7420 c2a9 0a31 Copyright ...1\n-000005f0: 3939 392c 3230 3030 2c32 3030 312c 3230 999,2000,2001,20\n-00000600: 3032 2c32 3030 342c 3230 3036 2c32 3030 02,2004,2006,200\n-00000610: 382c 3230 3039 2c32 3031 302c 3230 3131 8,2009,2010,2011\n-00000620: 2c32 3031 322c 3230 3133 2046 7265 650a ,2012,2013 Free.\n-00000630: 536f 6674 7761 7265 2046 6f75 6e64 6174 Software Foundat\n-00000640: 696f 6e2c 2049 6e63 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 ion, Inc... \n-00000650: 5065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 2069 7320 6772 Permission is gr\n-00000660: 616e 7465 6420 746f 2063 6f70 792c 2064 anted to copy, d\n-00000670: 6973 7472 6962 7574 6520 616e 642f 6f72 istribute and/or\n-00000680: 206d 6f64 6966 7920 7468 6973 0a20 2020 modify this. \n-00000690: 2020 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2075 6e64 6572 document under\n-000006a0: 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d73 206f 6620 7468 the terms of th\n-000006b0: 6520 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 756d e GNU Free Docum\n-000006c0: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e 7365 entation License\n-000006d0: 2c0a 2020 2020 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2031 ,. Version 1\n-000006e0: 2e32 206f 7220 616e 7920 6c61 7465 7220 .2 or any later \n-000006f0: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 7075 626c 6973 6865 version publishe\n-00000700: 6420 6279 2074 6865 2046 7265 6520 536f d by the Free So\n-00000710: 6674 7761 7265 0a20 2020 2020 466f 756e ftware. Foun\n-00000720: 6461 7469 6f6e 3b20 7769 7468 206e 6f20 dation; with no \n-00000730: 496e 7661 7269 616e 7420 5365 6374 696f Invariant Sectio\n-00000740: 6e73 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 ns...* Menu:..* \n-00000750: 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 Introduction:: \n-00000760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4361 Ca\n-00000770: 7074 7572 696e 6720 7468 6520 7370 6972 pturing the spir\n-00000780: 6974 206f 6620 4752 5542 0a2a 204e 616d it of GRUB.* Nam\n-00000790: 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 3a3a ing convention::\n-000007a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204e 616d 6573 Names\n-000007b0: 206f 6620 796f 7572 2064 7269 7665 7320 of your drives \n-000007c0: 696e 2047 5255 420a 2a20 4f53 2d73 7065 in GRUB.* OS-spe\n-000007d0: 6369 6669 6320 6e6f 7465 7320 6162 6f75 cific notes abou\n-000007e0: 7420 6772 7562 2074 6f6f 6c73 3a3a 0a20 t grub tools::. \n-000007f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 S\n-00000810: 6f6d 6520 6e6f 7465 7320 6162 6f75 7420 ome notes about \n-00000820: 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6265 6861 OS-specific beha\n-00000830: 7669 6f75 7220 6f66 2047 5255 420a 2020 viour of GRUB. \n-00000840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 746f to\n-00000860: 6f6c 730a 2a20 496e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 ols.* Installati\n-00000870: 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 on:: \n-00000880: 2020 2020 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2047 Installing G\n-00000890: 5255 4220 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 RUB on your driv\n-000008a0: 650a 2a20 426f 6f74 696e 673a 3a20 2020 e.* Booting:: \n-000008b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000008c0: 2020 486f 7720 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 6469 How to boot di\n-000008d0: 6666 6572 656e 7420 6f70 6572 6174 696e fferent operatin\n-000008e0: 6720 7379 7374 656d 730a 2a20 436f 6e66 g systems.* Conf\n-000008f0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a20 2020 2020 iguration:: \n-00000900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5772 6974 696e Writin\n-00000910: 6720 796f 7572 206f 776e 2063 6f6e 6669 g your own confi\n-00000920: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 650a 2a20 guration file.* \n-00000930: 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 Theme file forma\n-00000940: 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 466f t:: Fo\n-00000950: 726d 6174 206f 6620 4752 5542 2074 6865 rmat of GRUB the\n-00000960: 6d65 2066 696c 6573 0a2a 204e 6574 776f me files.* Netwo\n-00000970: 726b 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rk:: \n-00000980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 6f77 6e6c 6f61 Downloa\n-00000990: 6469 6e67 204f 5320 696d 6167 6573 2066 ding OS images f\n-000009a0: 726f 6d20 6120 6e65 7477 6f72 6b0a 2a20 rom a network.* \n-000009b0: 5365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c3a Serial terminal:\n-000009c0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5573 : Us\n-000009d0: 696e 6720 4752 5542 2076 6961 2061 2073 ing GRUB via a s\n-000009e0: 6572 6961 6c20 6c69 6e65 0a2a 2056 656e erial line.* Ven\n-000009f0: 646f 7220 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 dor power-on key\n-00000a00: 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2043 6861 6e67 s:: Chang\n-00000a10: 696e 6720 4752 5542 2062 6568 6176 696f ing GRUB behavio\n-00000a20: 7572 206f 6e20 7665 6e64 6f72 2070 6f77 ur on vendor pow\n-00000a30: 6572 2d6f 6e20 6b65 7973 0a2a 2049 6d61 er-on keys.* Ima\n-00000a40: 6765 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ges:: \n-00000a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 GRUB \n-00000a60: 696d 6167 6520 6669 6c65 730a 2a20 436f image files.* Co\n-00000a70: 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2073 697a 6520 6c69 re image size li\n-00000a80: 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 4752 5542 mitation:: GRUB\n-00000a90: 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c 6573 2073 697a image files siz\n-00000aa0: 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 730a 2a20 e limitations.* \n-00000ab0: 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 3a3a 2020 2020 Filesystem:: \n-00000ac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4669 Fi\n-00000ad0: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2073 796e 7461 7820 lesystem syntax \n-00000ae0: 616e 6420 7365 6d61 6e74 6963 730a 2a20 and semantics.* \n-00000af0: 496e 7465 7266 6163 653a 3a20 2020 2020 Interface:: \n-00000b00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 Th\n-00000b10: 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2063 e menu and the c\n-00000b20: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 650a 2a20 456e ommand-line.* En\n-00000b30: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 743a 3a20 2020 2020 vironment:: \n-00000b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 5542 GRUB\n-00000b50: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-00000b60: 6961 626c 6573 0a2a 204d 6f64 756c 6573 iables.* Modules\n-00000b70: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-00000b80: 2020 2020 2020 2041 7661 696c 6162 6c65 Available\n-00000b90: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 0a2a 2043 6f6d 6d61 modules.* Comma\n-00000ba0: 6e64 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nds:: \n-00000bb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 7661 696c 6162 Availab\n-00000bc0: 6c65 2062 7569 6c74 696e 2063 6f6d 6d61 le builtin comma\n-00000bd0: 6e64 730a 2a20 496e 7465 726e 6174 696f nds.* Internatio\n-00000be0: 6e61 6c69 7361 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 nalisation:: \n-00000bf0: 2020 2020 546f 7069 6373 2072 656c 6174 Topics relat\n-00000c00: 696e 6720 746f 206c 616e 6775 6167 6520 ing to language \n-00000c10: 7375 7070 6f72 740a 2a20 5365 6375 7269 support.* Securi\n-00000c20: 7479 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ty:: \n-00000c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4175 7468 656e 7469 Authenti\n-00000c40: 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 6175 7468 6f72 6973 cation, authoris\n-00000c50: 6174 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 2073 6967 6e61 ation, and signa\n-00000c60: 7475 7265 730a 2a20 506c 6174 666f 726d tures.* Platform\n-00000c70: 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 3a3a 2020 limitations:: \n-00000c80: 2020 2020 2020 506c 6174 666f 726d 2d73 Platform-s\n-00000c90: 7065 6369 6669 6320 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 pecific limitati\n-00000ca0: 6f6e 730a 2a20 506c 6174 666f 726d 2d73 ons.* Platform-s\n-00000cb0: 7065 6369 6669 6320 6f70 6572 6174 696f pecific operatio\n-00000cc0: 6e73 3a3a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 ns:: Platform-sp\n-00000cd0: 6563 6966 6963 206f 7065 7261 7469 6f6e ecific operation\n-00000ce0: 730a 2a20 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6b65 s.* Supported ke\n-00000cf0: 726e 656c 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 rnels:: \n-00000d00: 2020 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6b65 726e Supported kern\n-00000d10: 656c 730a 2a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f els.* Troublesho\n-00000d20: 6f74 696e 673a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 oting:: \n-00000d30: 2020 2020 4572 726f 7220 6d65 7373 6167 Error messag\n-00000d40: 6573 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 6279 2047 es produced by G\n-00000d50: 5255 420a 2a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 RUB.* User-space\n-00000d60: 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 3a3a 2020 2020 utilities:: \n-00000d70: 2020 2020 5573 6167 6520 6f66 2075 7365 Usage of use\n-00000d80: 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 696c 6974 6965 r-space utilitie\n-00000d90: 730a 2a20 4f62 7461 696e 696e 6720 616e s.* Obtaining an\n-00000da0: 6420 4275 696c 6469 6e67 2047 5255 423a d Building GRUB:\n-00000db0: 3a20 486f 7720 746f 206f 6274 6169 6e20 : How to obtain \n-00000dc0: 616e 6420 6275 696c 6420 4752 5542 0a2a and build GRUB.*\n-00000dd0: 2052 6570 6f72 7469 6e67 2062 7567 733a Reporting bugs:\n-00000de0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2057 : W\n-00000df0: 6865 7265 2079 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 here you should \n-00000e00: 7365 6e64 2061 2062 7567 2072 6570 6f72 send a bug repor\n-00000e10: 740a 2a20 4675 7475 7265 3a3a 2020 2020 t.* Future:: \n+00000070: 2c20 3238 2041 7567 7573 7420 3230 3236 , 28 August 2026\n+00000080: 292e 0a0a 2020 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 )... Copyright\n+00000090: 20c2 a90a 3139 3939 2c32 3030 302c 3230 ...1999,2000,20\n+000000a0: 3031 2c32 3030 322c 3230 3034 2c32 3030 01,2002,2004,200\n+000000b0: 362c 3230 3038 2c32 3030 392c 3230 3130 6,2008,2009,2010\n+000000c0: 2c32 3031 312c 3230 3132 2c32 3031 3320 ,2011,2012,2013 \n+000000d0: 4672 6565 0a53 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f Free.Software Fo\n+000000e0: 756e 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e 0a0a undation, Inc...\n+000000f0: 2020 2020 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 Permission \n+00000100: 6973 2067 7261 6e74 6564 2074 6f20 636f is granted to co\n+00000110: 7079 2c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2061 py, distribute a\n+00000120: 6e64 2f6f 7220 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 6869 nd/or modify thi\n+00000130: 730a 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 s. document \n+00000140: 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 under the terms \n+00000150: 6f66 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 of the GNU Free \n+00000160: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 Documentation Li\n+00000170: 6365 6e73 652c 0a20 2020 2020 5665 7273 cense,. Vers\n+00000180: 696f 6e20 312e 3220 6f72 2061 6e79 206c ion 1.2 or any l\n+00000190: 6174 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 7562 ater version pub\n+000001a0: 6c69 7368 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4672 lished by the Fr\n+000001b0: 6565 2053 6f66 7477 6172 650a 2020 2020 ee Software. \n+000001c0: 2046 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e3b 2077 6974 Foundation; wit\n+000001d0: 6820 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 h no Invariant S\n+000001e0: 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 0a49 4e46 4f2d 4449 ections..INFO-DI\n+000001f0: 522d 5345 4354 494f 4e20 4b65 726e 656c R-SECTION Kernel\n+00000200: 0a53 5441 5254 2d49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d .START-INFO-DIR-\n+00000210: 454e 5452 590a 2a20 4752 5542 3a20 2867 ENTRY.* GRUB: (g\n+00000220: 7275 6229 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rub). \n+00000230: 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 4752 616e 6420 The GRand \n+00000240: 556e 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 6c6f 6164 Unified Bootload\n+00000250: 6572 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c er.* grub-instal\n+00000260: 6c3a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e l: (grub)Invokin\n+00000270: 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2e20 g grub-install. \n+00000280: 2020 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 Install GRUB \n+00000290: 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a 2a20 on your drive.* \n+000002a0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a 2028 grub-mkconfig: (\n+000002b0: 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 grub)Invoking gr\n+000002c0: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 672e 2020 4765 ub-mkconfig. Ge\n+000002d0: 6e65 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 636f 6e66 nerate GRUB conf\n+000002e0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6772 7562 iguration.* grub\n+000002f0: 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 -mkpasswd-pbkdf2\n+00000300: 3a20 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 : (grub)Invoking\n+00000310: 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 grub-mkpasswd-p\n+00000320: 626b 6466 322e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6b bkdf2..* grub-mk\n+00000330: 7265 6c70 6174 683a 2028 6772 7562 2949 relpath: (grub)I\n+00000340: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n+00000350: 656c 7061 7468 2e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d elpath..* grub-m\n+00000360: 6b72 6573 6375 653a 2028 6772 7562 2949 krescue: (grub)I\n+00000370: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n+00000380: 6573 6375 652e 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 escue. Make a G\n+00000390: 5255 4220 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 6765 RUB rescue image\n+000003a0: 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 743a 2028 .* grub-mount: (\n+000003b0: 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 grub)Invoking gr\n+000003c0: 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 2020 ub-mount. \n+000003d0: 204d 6f75 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 7379 Mount a file sy\n+000003e0: 7374 656d 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 420a stem using GRUB.\n+000003f0: 2a20 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 3a20 2867 * grub-probe: (g\n+00000400: 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 rub)Invoking gru\n+00000410: 622d 7072 6f62 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 b-probe. \n+00000420: 5072 6f62 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e66 Probe device inf\n+00000430: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d ormation.* grub-\n+00000440: 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a20 2867 script-check: (g\n+00000450: 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 rub)Invoking gru\n+00000460: 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 2e0a b-script-check..\n+00000470: 454e 442d 494e 464f 2d44 4952 2d45 4e54 END-INFO-DIR-ENT\n+00000480: 5259 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 RY....File: grub\n+00000490: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 546f .info, Node: To\n+000004a0: 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 p, Next: Introd\n+000004b0: 7563 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2028 6469 uction, Up: (di\n+000004c0: 7229 0a0a 474e 5520 4752 5542 206d 616e r)..GNU GRUB man\n+000004d0: 7561 6c0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ual.************\n+000004e0: 2a2a 2a0a 0a54 6869 7320 6973 2074 6865 ***..This is the\n+000004f0: 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 206f documentation o\n+00000500: 6620 474e 5520 4752 5542 2c20 7468 6520 f GNU GRUB, the \n+00000510: 4752 616e 6420 556e 6966 6965 6420 426f GRand Unified Bo\n+00000520: 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 610a 666c 6578 otloader, a.flex\n+00000530: 6962 6c65 2061 6e64 2070 6f77 6572 6675 ible and powerfu\n+00000540: 6c20 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 7072 l boot loader pr\n+00000550: 6f67 7261 6d20 666f 7220 6120 7769 6465 ogram for a wide\n+00000560: 2072 616e 6765 206f 660a 6172 6368 6974 range of.archit\n+00000570: 6563 7475 7265 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 ectures... Thi\n+00000580: 7320 6564 6974 696f 6e20 646f 6375 6d65 s edition docume\n+00000590: 6e74 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e20 322e 3132 nts version 2.12\n+000005a0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6973 206d 616e 7561 ... This manua\n+000005b0: 6c20 6973 2066 6f72 2047 4e55 2047 5255 l is for GNU GRU\n+000005c0: 4220 2876 6572 7369 6f6e 2032 2e31 322c B (version 2.12,\n+000005d0: 2032 3820 4175 6775 7374 2032 3032 3629 28 August 2026)\n+000005e0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 436f 7079 7269 6768 7420 ... Copyright \n+000005f0: c2a9 0a31 3939 392c 3230 3030 2c32 3030 ...1999,2000,200\n+00000600: 312c 3230 3032 2c32 3030 342c 3230 3036 1,2002,2004,2006\n+00000610: 2c32 3030 382c 3230 3039 2c32 3031 302c ,2008,2009,2010,\n+00000620: 3230 3131 2c32 3031 322c 3230 3133 2046 2011,2012,2013 F\n+00000630: 7265 650a 536f 6674 7761 7265 2046 6f75 ree.Software Fou\n+00000640: 6e64 6174 696f 6e2c 2049 6e63 2e0a 0a20 ndation, Inc... \n+00000650: 2020 2020 5065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 2069 Permission i\n+00000660: 7320 6772 616e 7465 6420 746f 2063 6f70 s granted to cop\n+00000670: 792c 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 6520 616e y, distribute an\n+00000680: 642f 6f72 206d 6f64 6966 7920 7468 6973 d/or modify this\n+00000690: 0a20 2020 2020 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2075 . document u\n+000006a0: 6e64 6572 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d73 206f nder the terms o\n+000006b0: 6620 7468 6520 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 f the GNU Free D\n+000006c0: 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 ocumentation Lic\n+000006d0: 656e 7365 2c0a 2020 2020 2056 6572 7369 ense,. Versi\n+000006e0: 6f6e 2031 2e32 206f 7220 616e 7920 6c61 on 1.2 or any la\n+000006f0: 7465 7220 7665 7273 696f 6e20 7075 626c ter version publ\n+00000700: 6973 6865 6420 6279 2074 6865 2046 7265 ished by the Fre\n+00000710: 6520 536f 6674 7761 7265 0a20 2020 2020 e Software. \n+00000720: 466f 756e 6461 7469 6f6e 3b20 7769 7468 Foundation; with\n+00000730: 206e 6f20 496e 7661 7269 616e 7420 5365 no Invariant Se\n+00000740: 6374 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a ctions...* Menu:\n+00000750: 0a0a 2a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e ..* Introduction\n+00000760: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+00000770: 2020 4361 7074 7572 696e 6720 7468 6520 Capturing the \n+00000780: 7370 6972 6974 206f 6620 4752 5542 0a2a spirit of GRUB.*\n+00000790: 204e 616d 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 Naming conventi\n+000007a0: 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204e on:: N\n+000007b0: 616d 6573 206f 6620 796f 7572 2064 7269 ames of your dri\n+000007c0: 7665 7320 696e 2047 5255 420a 2a20 4f53 ves in GRUB.* OS\n+000007d0: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6e6f 7465 7320 -specific notes \n+000007e0: 6162 6f75 7420 6772 7562 2074 6f6f 6c73 about grub tools\n+000007f0: 3a3a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ::. \n+00000800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00000810: 2020 2053 6f6d 6520 6e6f 7465 7320 6162 Some notes ab\n+00000820: 6f75 7420 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 out OS-specific \n+00000830: 6265 6861 7669 6f75 7220 6f66 2047 5255 behaviour of GRU\n+00000840: 420a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 B. \n+00000850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00000860: 2020 746f 6f6c 730a 2a20 496e 7374 616c tools.* Instal\n+00000870: 6c61 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 lation:: \n+00000880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 496e 7374 616c 6c69 Installi\n+00000890: 6e67 2047 5255 4220 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 ng GRUB on your \n+000008a0: 6472 6976 650a 2a20 426f 6f74 696e 673a drive.* Booting:\n+000008b0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+000008c0: 2020 2020 2020 486f 7720 746f 2062 6f6f How to boo\n+000008d0: 7420 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 6f70 6572 t different oper\n+000008e0: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 730a 2a20 ating systems.* \n+000008f0: 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a20 Configuration:: \n+00000900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5772 Wr\n+00000910: 6974 696e 6720 796f 7572 206f 776e 2063 iting your own c\n+00000920: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c onfiguration fil\n+00000930: 650a 2a20 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2066 e.* Theme file f\n+00000940: 6f72 6d61 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ormat:: \n+00000950: 2020 466f 726d 6174 206f 6620 4752 5542 Format of GRUB\n+00000960: 2074 6865 6d65 2066 696c 6573 0a2a 204e theme files.* N\n+00000970: 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 etwork:: \n+00000980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 6f77 Dow\n+00000990: 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 204f 5320 696d 6167 nloading OS imag\n+000009a0: 6573 2066 726f 6d20 6120 6e65 7477 6f72 es from a networ\n+000009b0: 6b0a 2a20 5365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 k.* Serial termi\n+000009c0: 6e61 6c3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nal:: \n+000009d0: 2020 5573 696e 6720 4752 5542 2076 6961 Using GRUB via\n+000009e0: 2061 2073 6572 6961 6c20 6c69 6e65 0a2a a serial line.*\n+000009f0: 2056 656e 646f 7220 706f 7765 722d 6f6e Vendor power-on\n+00000a00: 206b 6579 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2043 keys:: C\n+00000a10: 6861 6e67 696e 6720 4752 5542 2062 6568 hanging GRUB beh\n+00000a20: 6176 696f 7572 206f 6e20 7665 6e64 6f72 aviour on vendor\n+00000a30: 2070 6f77 6572 2d6f 6e20 6b65 7973 0a2a power-on keys.*\n+00000a40: 2049 6d61 6765 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 Images:: \n+00000a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2047 G\n+00000a60: 5255 4220 696d 6167 6520 6669 6c65 730a RUB image files.\n+00000a70: 2a20 436f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2073 697a * Core image siz\n+00000a80: 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 e limitation:: \n+00000a90: 4752 5542 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c 6573 GRUB image files\n+00000aa0: 2073 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e size limitation\n+00000ab0: 730a 2a20 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 3a3a s.* Filesystem::\n+00000ac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00000ad0: 2020 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2073 796e Filesystem syn\n+00000ae0: 7461 7820 616e 6420 7365 6d61 6e74 6963 tax and semantic\n+00000af0: 730a 2a20 496e 7465 7266 6163 653a 3a20 s.* Interface:: \n+00000b00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00000b10: 2020 5468 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 6e64 2074 The menu and t\n+00000b20: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 650a he command-line.\n+00000b30: 2a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 743a 3a20 * Environment:: \n+00000b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00000b50: 4752 5542 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 GRUB environment\n+00000b60: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a2a 204d 6f64 variables.* Mod\n+00000b70: 756c 6573 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ules:: \n+00000b80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 7661 696c Avail\n+00000b90: 6162 6c65 206d 6f64 756c 6573 0a2a 2043 able modules.* C\n+00000ba0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 ommands:: \n+00000bb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 7661 Ava\n+00000bc0: 696c 6162 6c65 2062 7569 6c74 696e 2063 ilable builtin c\n+00000bd0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 2a20 496e 7465 726e ommands.* Intern\n+00000be0: 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 7361 7469 6f6e 3a3a ationalisation::\n+00000bf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 546f 7069 6373 2072 Topics r\n+00000c00: 656c 6174 696e 6720 746f 206c 616e 6775 elating to langu\n+00000c10: 6167 6520 7375 7070 6f72 740a 2a20 5365 age support.* Se\n+00000c20: 6375 7269 7479 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 curity:: \n+00000c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4175 7468 Auth\n+00000c40: 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 6175 7468 entication, auth\n+00000c50: 6f72 6973 6174 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 2073 orisation, and s\n+00000c60: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 730a 2a20 506c 6174 ignatures.* Plat\n+00000c70: 666f 726d 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 form limitations\n+00000c80: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 506c 6174 666f :: Platfo\n+00000c90: 726d 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6c69 6d69 rm-specific limi\n+00000ca0: 7461 7469 6f6e 730a 2a20 506c 6174 666f tations.* Platfo\n+00000cb0: 726d 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6f70 6572 rm-specific oper\n+00000cc0: 6174 696f 6e73 3a3a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 ations:: Platfor\n+00000cd0: 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206f 7065 7261 m-specific opera\n+00000ce0: 7469 6f6e 730a 2a20 5375 7070 6f72 7465 tions.* Supporte\n+00000cf0: 6420 6b65 726e 656c 733a 3a20 2020 2020 d kernels:: \n+00000d00: 2020 2020 2020 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 Supported \n+00000d10: 6b65 726e 656c 730a 2a20 5472 6f75 626c kernels.* Troubl\n+00000d20: 6573 686f 6f74 696e 673a 3a20 2020 2020 eshooting:: \n+00000d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4572 726f 7220 6d65 Error me\n+00000d40: 7373 6167 6573 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 ssages produced \n+00000d50: 6279 2047 5255 420a 2a20 5573 6572 2d73 by GRUB.* User-s\n+00000d60: 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 3a3a pace utilities::\n+00000d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5573 6167 6520 6f66 Usage of\n+00000d80: 2075 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 696c user-space util\n+00000d90: 6974 6965 730a 2a20 4f62 7461 696e 696e ities.* Obtainin\n+00000da0: 6720 616e 6420 4275 696c 6469 6e67 2047 g and Building G\n+00000db0: 5255 423a 3a20 486f 7720 746f 206f 6274 RUB:: How to obt\n+00000dc0: 6169 6e20 616e 6420 6275 696c 6420 4752 ain and build GR\n+00000dd0: 5542 0a2a 2052 6570 6f72 7469 6e67 2062 UB.* Reporting b\n+00000de0: 7567 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ugs:: \n+00000df0: 2020 2057 6865 7265 2079 6f75 2073 686f Where you sho\n+00000e00: 756c 6420 7365 6e64 2061 2062 7567 2072 uld send a bug r\n+00000e10: 6570 6f72 740a 2a20 4675 7475 7265 3a3a eport.* Future::\n 00000e20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000e30: 2020 536f 6d65 2066 7574 7572 6520 706c Some future pl\n-00000e40: 616e 7320 6f6e 2047 5255 420a 2a20 436f ans on GRUB.* Co\n-00000e50: 7079 696e 6720 5468 6973 204d 616e 7561 pying This Manua\n-00000e60: 6c3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 436f 7079 l:: Copy\n-00000e70: 696e 6720 5468 6973 204d 616e 7561 6c0a ing This Manual.\n-00000e80: 2a20 496e 6465 783a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c * Index::....Fil\n-00000e90: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00000ea0: 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f ode: Introductio\n-00000eb0: 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4e61 6d69 6e67 n, Next: Naming\n-00000ec0: 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 convention, Pr\n-00000ed0: 6576 3a20 546f 702c 2020 5570 3a20 546f ev: Top, Up: To\n-00000ee0: 700a 0a31 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f p..1 Introductio\n-00000ef0: 6e20 746f 2047 5255 420a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a n to GRUB.******\n+00000e30: 2020 2020 2020 536f 6d65 2066 7574 7572 Some futur\n+00000e40: 6520 706c 616e 7320 6f6e 2047 5255 420a e plans on GRUB.\n+00000e50: 2a20 436f 7079 696e 6720 5468 6973 204d * Copying This M\n+00000e60: 616e 7561 6c3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 anual:: \n+00000e70: 436f 7079 696e 6720 5468 6973 204d 616e Copying This Man\n+00000e80: 7561 6c0a 2a20 496e 6465 783a 3a0a 0a1f ual.* Index::...\n+00000e90: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00000ea0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 726f 6475 , Node: Introdu\n+00000eb0: 6374 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4e61 ction, Next: Na\n+00000ec0: 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e2c ming convention,\n+00000ed0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 546f 702c 2020 5570 Prev: Top, Up\n+00000ee0: 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 2049 6e74 726f 6475 : Top..1 Introdu\n+00000ef0: 6374 696f 6e20 746f 2047 5255 420a 2a2a ction to GRUB.**\n 00000f00: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00000f10: 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 204f 7665 ..* Menu:..* Ove\n-00000f20: 7276 6965 773a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 rview:: \n-00000f30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2057 6861 7420 What \n-00000f40: 6578 6163 746c 7920 4752 5542 2069 7320 exactly GRUB is \n-00000f50: 616e 6420 686f 7720 746f 2075 7365 2069 and how to use i\n-00000f60: 740a 2a20 4869 7374 6f72 793a 3a20 2020 t.* History:: \n-00000f70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000f80: 2020 4672 6f6d 206d 6167 676f 7420 746f From maggot to\n-00000f90: 2068 6f75 7365 2066 6c79 0a2a 2043 6861 house fly.* Cha\n-00000fa0: 6e67 6573 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 204c nges from GRUB L\n-00000fb0: 6567 6163 793a 3a20 2020 2044 6966 6665 egacy:: Diffe\n-00000fc0: 7265 6e63 6573 2066 726f 6d20 7072 6576 rences from prev\n-00000fd0: 696f 7573 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 730a 2a20 ious versions.* \n-00000fe0: 4665 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 Features:: \n-00000ff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 GR\n-00001000: 5542 2066 6561 7475 7265 730a 2a20 526f UB features.* Ro\n-00001010: 6c65 206f 6620 6120 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 le of a boot loa\n-00001020: 6465 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 der:: The \n-00001030: 726f 6c65 206f 6620 6120 626f 6f74 206c role of a boot l\n-00001040: 6f61 6465 720a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 oader....File: g\n-00001050: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00001060: 204f 7665 7276 6965 772c 2020 4e65 7874 Overview, Next\n-00001070: 3a20 4869 7374 6f72 792c 2020 5570 3a20 : History, Up: \n-00001080: 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 0a0a 312e Introduction..1.\n-00001090: 3120 4f76 6572 7669 6577 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 1 Overview.=====\n-000010a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a42 7269 6566 6c79 =======..Briefly\n-000010b0: 2c20 6120 e280 9c62 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 , a ...boot load\n-000010c0: 6572 e280 9d20 6973 2074 6865 2066 6972 er... is the fir\n-000010d0: 7374 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 7072 6f67 st software prog\n-000010e0: 7261 6d20 7468 6174 2072 756e 7320 7768 ram that runs wh\n-000010f0: 656e 2061 0a63 6f6d 7075 7465 7220 7374 en a.computer st\n-00001100: 6172 7473 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2072 6573 arts. It is res\n-00001110: 706f 6e73 6962 6c65 2066 6f72 206c 6f61 ponsible for loa\n-00001120: 6469 6e67 2061 6e64 2074 7261 6e73 6665 ding and transfe\n-00001130: 7272 696e 6720 636f 6e74 726f 6c0a 746f rring control.to\n-00001140: 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 an operating sy\n-00001150: 7374 656d 20e2 809c 6b65 726e 656c e280 stem ...kernel..\n-00001160: 9d20 736f 6674 7761 7265 2028 7375 6368 . software (such\n-00001170: 2061 7320 4c69 6e75 7820 6f72 2047 4e55 as Linux or GNU\n-00001180: 204d 6163 6829 2e0a 5468 6520 6b65 726e Mach)..The kern\n-00001190: 656c 2c20 696e 2074 7572 6e2c 2069 6e69 el, in turn, ini\n-000011a0: 7469 616c 697a 6573 2074 6865 2072 6573 tializes the res\n-000011b0: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206f 7065 7261 7469 t of the operati\n-000011c0: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 2865 2e67 2e0a ng system (e.g..\n-000011d0: 6120 474e 5520 7379 7374 656d 292e 0a0a a GNU system)...\n-000011e0: 2020 2047 4e55 2047 5255 4220 6973 2061 GNU GRUB is a\n-000011f0: 2076 6572 7920 706f 7765 7266 756c 2062 very powerful b\n-00001200: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 7768 6963 oot loader, whic\n-00001210: 6820 6361 6e20 6c6f 6164 2061 2077 6964 h can load a wid\n-00001220: 650a 7661 7269 6574 7920 6f66 2066 7265 e.variety of fre\n-00001230: 6520 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 e operating syst\n-00001240: 656d 732c 2061 7320 7765 6c6c 2061 7320 ems, as well as \n-00001250: 7072 6f70 7269 6574 6172 7920 6f70 6572 proprietary oper\n-00001260: 6174 696e 670a 7379 7374 656d 7320 7769 ating.systems wi\n-00001270: 7468 2063 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 th chain-loading\n-00001280: 2831 2920 282a 6e6f 7465 204f 7665 7276 (1) (*note Overv\n-00001290: 6965 772d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 3a3a iew-Footnote-1::\n-000012a0: 292e 2020 4752 5542 2069 730a 6465 7369 ). GRUB is.desi\n-000012b0: 676e 6564 2074 6f20 6164 6472 6573 7320 gned to address \n-000012c0: 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6c65 7869 7479 206f the complexity o\n-000012d0: 6620 626f 6f74 696e 6720 6120 7065 7273 f booting a pers\n-000012e0: 6f6e 616c 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 723b 2062 onal computer; b\n-000012f0: 6f74 680a 7468 6520 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 oth.the program \n-00001300: 616e 6420 7468 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c20 and this manual \n-00001310: 6172 6520 7469 6768 746c 7920 626f 756e are tightly boun\n-00001320: 6420 746f 2074 6861 7420 636f 6d70 7574 d to that comput\n-00001330: 6572 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2c 0a61 6c74 er platform,.alt\n-00001340: 686f 7567 6820 706f 7274 696e 6720 746f hough porting to\n-00001350: 206f 7468 6572 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 other platforms\n-00001360: 206d 6179 2062 6520 6164 6472 6573 7365 may be addresse\n-00001370: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 7574 7572 652e d in the future.\n-00001380: 0a0a 2020 204f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 .. One of the \n-00001390: 696d 706f 7274 616e 7420 6665 6174 7572 important featur\n-000013a0: 6573 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2069 7320 666c es in GRUB is fl\n-000013b0: 6578 6962 696c 6974 793b 2047 5255 420a exibility; GRUB.\n-000013c0: 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 7320 6669 6c65 understands file\n-000013d0: 7379 7374 656d 7320 616e 6420 6b65 726e systems and kern\n-000013e0: 656c 2065 7865 6375 7461 626c 6520 666f el executable fo\n-000013f0: 726d 6174 732c 2073 6f20 796f 7520 6361 rmats, so you ca\n-00001400: 6e20 6c6f 6164 0a61 6e20 6172 6269 7472 n load.an arbitr\n-00001410: 6172 7920 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 ary operating sy\n-00001420: 7374 656d 2074 6865 2077 6179 2079 6f75 stem the way you\n-00001430: 206c 696b 652c 2077 6974 686f 7574 2072 like, without r\n-00001440: 6563 6f72 6469 6e67 2074 6865 0a70 6879 ecording the.phy\n-00001450: 7369 6361 6c20 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 206f sical position o\n-00001460: 6620 796f 7572 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6f6e f your kernel on\n-00001470: 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b2e 2020 5468 7573 the disk. Thus\n-00001480: 2079 6f75 2063 616e 206c 6f61 6420 7468 you can load th\n-00001490: 650a 6b65 726e 656c 206a 7573 7420 6279 e.kernel just by\n-000014a0: 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 6974 7320 specifying its \n-000014b0: 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 616e 6420 7468 file name and th\n-000014c0: 6520 6472 6976 6520 616e 6420 7061 7274 e drive and part\n-000014d0: 6974 696f 6e0a 7768 6572 6520 7468 6520 ition.where the \n-000014e0: 6b65 726e 656c 2072 6573 6964 6573 2e0a kernel resides..\n-000014f0: 0a20 2020 5768 656e 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 . When booting\n-00001500: 2077 6974 6820 4752 5542 2c20 796f 7520 with GRUB, you \n-00001510: 6361 6e20 7573 6520 6569 7468 6572 2061 can use either a\n-00001520: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e command-line in\n-00001530: 7465 7266 6163 650a 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 terface.(*note C\n-00001540: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 ommand-line inte\n-00001550: 7266 6163 653a 3a29 2c20 6f72 2061 206d rface::), or a m\n-00001560: 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 282a enu interface (*\n-00001570: 6e6f 7465 204d 656e 750a 696e 7465 7266 note Menu.interf\n-00001580: 6163 653a 3a29 2e20 2055 7369 6e67 2074 ace::). Using t\n-00001590: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 he command-line \n-000015a0: 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c 2079 6f75 2074 interface, you t\n-000015b0: 7970 6520 7468 6520 6472 6976 650a 7370 ype the drive.sp\n-000015c0: 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 616e 6420 ecification and \n-000015d0: 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 file name of the\n-000015e0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6d61 6e75 616c 6c79 kernel manually\n-000015f0: 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 0a69 . In the menu.i\n-00001600: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 796f 7520 6a75 nterface, you ju\n-00001610: 7374 2073 656c 6563 7420 616e 204f 5320 st select an OS \n-00001620: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 6172 726f 7720 using the arrow \n-00001630: 6b65 7973 2e20 2054 6865 206d 656e 7520 keys. The menu \n-00001640: 6973 0a62 6173 6564 206f 6e20 6120 636f is.based on a co\n-00001650: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n-00001660: 2077 6869 6368 2079 6f75 2070 7265 7061 which you prepa\n-00001670: 7265 2062 6566 6f72 6568 616e 6420 282a re beforehand (*\n-00001680: 6e6f 7465 0a43 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 note.Configurati\n-00001690: 6f6e 3a3a 292e 2020 5768 696c 6520 696e on::). While in\n-000016a0: 2074 6865 206d 656e 752c 2079 6f75 2063 the menu, you c\n-000016b0: 616e 2073 7769 7463 6820 746f 2074 6865 an switch to the\n-000016c0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 650a 6d6f command-line.mo\n-000016d0: 6465 2c20 616e 6420 7669 6365 2d76 6572 de, and vice-ver\n-000016e0: 7361 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 616e 2065 7665 sa. You can eve\n-000016f0: 6e20 6564 6974 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 n edit menu entr\n-00001700: 6965 7320 6265 666f 7265 2075 7369 6e67 ies before using\n-00001710: 2074 6865 6d2e 0a0a 2020 2049 6e20 7468 them... In th\n-00001720: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6368 6170 e following chap\n-00001730: 7465 7273 2c20 796f 7520 7769 6c6c 206c ters, you will l\n-00001740: 6561 726e 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 6563 earn how to spec\n-00001750: 6966 7920 6120 6472 6976 652c 2061 0a70 ify a drive, a.p\n-00001760: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 616e 6420 6120 artition, and a \n-00001770: 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 file name (*note\n-00001780: 204e 616d 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 Naming conventi\n-00001790: 6f6e 3a3a 2920 746f 2047 5255 422c 2068 on::) to GRUB, h\n-000017a0: 6f77 2074 6f0a 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 ow to.install GR\n-000017b0: 5542 206f 6e20 796f 7572 2064 7269 7665 UB on your drive\n-000017c0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 7374 616c 6c61 (*note Installa\n-000017d0: 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 2068 6f77 tion::), and how\n-000017e0: 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2079 6f75 720a 4f53 to boot your.OS\n-000017f0: 6573 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 426f 6f74 696e es (*note Bootin\n-00001800: 673a 3a29 2c20 7374 6570 2062 7920 7374 g::), step by st\n-00001810: 6570 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ep.....File: gru\n-00001820: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204f b.info, Node: O\n-00001830: 7665 7276 6965 772d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 verview-Footnote\n-00001840: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4f76 6572 7669 6577 s, Up: Overview\n-00001850: 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 20e2 809c 6368 6169 .. (1) ...chai\n-00001860: 6e2d 6c6f 6164 e280 9d20 6973 2074 6865 n-load... is the\n-00001870: 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2066 6f72 206c mechanism for l\n-00001880: 6f61 6469 6e67 2075 6e73 7570 706f 7274 oading unsupport\n-00001890: 6564 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 0a73 7973 ed operating.sys\n-000018a0: 7465 6d73 2062 7920 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 tems by loading \n-000018b0: 616e 6f74 6865 7220 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 another boot loa\n-000018c0: 6465 722e 2020 4974 2069 7320 7479 7069 der. It is typi\n-000018d0: 6361 6c6c 7920 7573 6564 2066 6f72 0a6c cally used for.l\n-000018e0: 6f61 6469 6e67 2044 4f53 206f 7220 5769 oading DOS or Wi\n-000018f0: 6e64 6f77 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ndows.....File: \n-00001900: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00001910: 3a20 4869 7374 6f72 792c 2020 4e65 7874 : History, Next\n-00001920: 3a20 4368 616e 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 2047 : Changes from G\n-00001930: 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 2c20 2050 7265 RUB Legacy, Pre\n-00001940: 763a 204f 7665 7276 6965 772c 2020 5570 v: Overview, Up\n-00001950: 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 0a0a : Introduction..\n-00001960: 312e 3220 4869 7374 6f72 7920 6f66 2047 1.2 History of G\n-00001970: 5255 420a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d RUB.============\n-00001980: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 6f72 =======..GRUB or\n-00001990: 6967 696e 6174 6564 2069 6e20 3139 3935 iginated in 1995\n-000019a0: 2077 6865 6e20 4572 6963 6820 426f 6c65 when Erich Bole\n-000019b0: 796e 2077 6173 2074 7279 696e 6720 746f yn was trying to\n-000019c0: 2062 6f6f 7420 7468 6520 474e 550a 4875 boot the GNU.Hu\n-000019d0: 7264 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 556e 6976 rd with the Univ\n-000019e0: 6572 7369 7479 206f 6620 5574 6168 2773 ersity of Utah's\n-000019f0: 204d 6163 6820 3420 6d69 6372 6f6b 6572 Mach 4 microker\n-00001a00: 6e65 6c20 286e 6f77 206b 6e6f 776e 2061 nel (now known a\n-00001a10: 7320 474e 550a 4d61 6368 292e 2020 4572 s GNU.Mach). Er\n-00001a20: 6963 6820 616e 6420 4272 6961 6e20 466f ich and Brian Fo\n-00001a30: 7264 2064 6573 6967 6e65 6420 7468 6520 rd designed the \n-00001a40: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 6563 6966 Multiboot Specif\n-00001a50: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 282a 6e6f 7465 0a4d ication (*note.M\n-00001a60: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2053 7065 6369 6669 ultiboot Specifi\n-00001a70: 6361 7469 6f6e 3a20 286d 756c 7469 626f cation: (multibo\n-00001a80: 6f74 2954 6f70 2e29 2c20 6265 6361 7573 ot)Top.), becaus\n-00001a90: 6520 7468 6579 2077 6572 6520 6465 7465 e they were dete\n-00001aa0: 726d 696e 6564 0a6e 6f74 2074 6f20 6164 rmined.not to ad\n-00001ab0: 6420 746f 2074 6865 206c 6172 6765 206e d to the large n\n-00001ac0: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 206d 7574 7561 6c6c umber of mutuall\n-00001ad0: 792d 696e 636f 6d70 6174 6962 6c65 2050 y-incompatible P\n-00001ae0: 4320 626f 6f74 206d 6574 686f 6473 2e0a C boot methods..\n-00001af0: 0a20 2020 4572 6963 6820 7468 656e 2062 . Erich then b\n-00001b00: 6567 616e 206d 6f64 6966 7969 6e67 2074 egan modifying t\n-00001b10: 6865 2046 7265 6542 5344 2062 6f6f 7420 he FreeBSD boot \n-00001b20: 6c6f 6164 6572 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2069 loader so that i\n-00001b30: 7420 776f 756c 640a 756e 6465 7273 7461 t would.understa\n-00001b40: 6e64 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2e20 2048 nd Multiboot. H\n-00001b50: 6520 736f 6f6e 2072 6561 6c69 7a65 6420 e soon realized \n-00001b60: 7468 6174 2069 7420 776f 756c 6420 6265 that it would be\n-00001b70: 2061 206c 6f74 2065 6173 6965 7220 746f a lot easier to\n-00001b80: 0a77 7269 7465 2068 6973 206f 776e 2062 .write his own b\n-00001b90: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2066 726f 6d20 oot loader from \n-00001ba0: 7363 7261 7463 6820 7468 616e 2074 6f20 scratch than to \n-00001bb0: 6b65 6570 2077 6f72 6b69 6e67 206f 6e20 keep working on \n-00001bc0: 7468 650a 4672 6565 4253 4420 626f 6f74 the.FreeBSD boot\n-00001bd0: 206c 6f61 6465 722c 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 loader, and so \n-00001be0: 4752 5542 2077 6173 2062 6f72 6e2e 0a0a GRUB was born...\n-00001bf0: 2020 2045 7269 6368 2061 6464 6564 206d Erich added m\n-00001c00: 616e 7920 6665 6174 7572 6573 2074 6f20 any features to \n-00001c10: 4752 5542 2c20 6275 7420 6f74 6865 7220 GRUB, but other \n-00001c20: 7072 696f 7269 7469 6573 2070 7265 7665 priorities preve\n-00001c30: 6e74 6564 2068 696d 0a66 726f 6d20 6b65 nted him.from ke\n-00001c40: 6570 696e 6720 7570 2077 6974 6820 7468 eping up with th\n-00001c50: 6520 6465 6d61 6e64 7320 6f66 2069 7473 e demands of its\n-00001c60: 2071 7569 636b 6c79 2d65 7870 616e 6469 quickly-expandi\n-00001c70: 6e67 2075 7365 7220 6261 7365 2e20 2049 ng user base. I\n-00001c80: 6e0a 3139 3939 2c20 476f 7264 6f6e 204d n.1999, Gordon M\n-00001c90: 6174 7a69 676b 6569 7420 616e 6420 596f atzigkeit and Yo\n-00001ca0: 7368 696e 6f72 6920 4b2e 204f 6b75 6a69 shinori K. Okuji\n-00001cb0: 2061 646f 7074 6564 2047 5255 4220 6173 adopted GRUB as\n-00001cc0: 2061 6e0a 6f66 6669 6369 616c 2047 4e55 an.official GNU\n-00001cd0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 616e 6420 6f70 package, and op\n-00001ce0: 656e 6564 2069 7473 2064 6576 656c 6f70 ened its develop\n-00001cf0: 6d65 6e74 2062 7920 6d61 6b69 6e67 2074 ment by making t\n-00001d00: 6865 206c 6174 6573 740a 736f 7572 6365 he latest.source\n-00001d10: 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7669 6120 s available via \n-00001d20: 616e 6f6e 796d 6f75 7320 4356 532e 202a anonymous CVS. *\n-00001d30: 4e6f 7465 204f 6274 6169 6e69 6e67 2061 Note Obtaining a\n-00001d40: 6e64 2042 7569 6c64 696e 670a 4752 5542 nd Building.GRUB\n-00001d50: 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 ::, for more inf\n-00001d60: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 4f76 ormation... Ov\n-00001d70: 6572 2074 6865 206e 6578 7420 6665 7720 er the next few \n-00001d80: 7965 6172 732c 2047 5255 4220 7761 7320 years, GRUB was \n-00001d90: 6578 7465 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 6d65 6574 extended to meet\n-00001da0: 206d 616e 7920 6e65 6564 732c 2062 7574 many needs, but\n-00001db0: 2069 740a 7175 6963 6b6c 7920 6265 6361 it.quickly beca\n-00001dc0: 6d65 2063 6c65 6172 2074 6861 7420 6974 me clear that it\n-00001dd0: 7320 6465 7369 676e 2077 6173 206e 6f74 s design was not\n-00001de0: 206b 6565 7069 6e67 2075 7020 7769 7468 keeping up with\n-00001df0: 2074 6865 0a65 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 7320 the.extensions \n-00001e00: 6265 696e 6720 6d61 6465 2074 6f20 6974 being made to it\n-00001e10: 2c20 616e 6420 7765 2072 6561 6368 6564 , and we reached\n-00001e20: 2074 6865 2070 6f69 6e74 2077 6865 7265 the point where\n-00001e30: 2069 7420 7761 7320 7665 7279 0a64 6966 it was very.dif\n-00001e40: 6669 6375 6c74 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 2061 ficult to make a\n-00001e50: 6e79 2066 7572 7468 6572 2063 6861 6e67 ny further chang\n-00001e60: 6573 2077 6974 686f 7574 2062 7265 616b es without break\n-00001e70: 696e 6720 6578 6973 7469 6e67 0a66 6561 ing existing.fea\n-00001e80: 7475 7265 732e 2020 4172 6f75 6e64 2032 tures. Around 2\n-00001e90: 3030 322c 2059 6f73 6869 6e6f 7269 204b 002, Yoshinori K\n-00001ea0: 2e20 4f6b 756a 6920 7374 6172 7465 6420 . Okuji started \n-00001eb0: 776f 726b 206f 6e20 5055 5041 0a28 5072 work on PUPA.(Pr\n-00001ec0: 656c 696d 696e 6172 7920 556e 6976 6572 eliminary Univer\n-00001ed0: 7361 6c20 5072 6f67 7261 6d6d 696e 6720 sal Programming \n-00001ee0: 4172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 2066 6f72 Architecture for\n-00001ef0: 2047 4e55 2047 5255 4229 2c20 6169 6d69 GNU GRUB), aimi\n-00001f00: 6e67 2074 6f0a 7265 7772 6974 6520 7468 ng to.rewrite th\n-00001f10: 6520 636f 7265 206f 6620 4752 5542 2074 e core of GRUB t\n-00001f20: 6f20 6d61 6b65 2069 7420 636c 6561 6e65 o make it cleane\n-00001f30: 722c 2073 6166 6572 2c20 6d6f 7265 2072 r, safer, more r\n-00001f40: 6f62 7573 742c 2061 6e64 0a6d 6f72 6520 obust, and.more \n-00001f50: 706f 7765 7266 756c 2e20 2050 5550 4120 powerful. PUPA \n-00001f60: 7761 7320 6576 656e 7475 616c 6c79 2072 was eventually r\n-00001f70: 656e 616d 6564 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2032 enamed to GRUB 2\n-00001f80: 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 6f72 6967 696e , and the origin\n-00001f90: 616c 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 4752 al.version of GR\n-00001fa0: 5542 2077 6173 2072 656e 616d 6564 2074 UB was renamed t\n-00001fb0: 6f20 4752 5542 204c 6567 6163 792e 2020 o GRUB Legacy. \n-00001fc0: 536d 616c 6c20 616d 6f75 6e74 7320 6f66 Small amounts of\n-00001fd0: 0a6d 6169 6e74 656e 616e 6365 2063 6f6e .maintenance con\n-00001fe0: 7469 6e75 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2064 6f6e tinued to be don\n-00001ff0: 6520 6f6e 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 e on GRUB Legacy\n-00002000: 2c20 6275 7420 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2072 , but the last r\n-00002010: 656c 6561 7365 0a28 302e 3937 2920 7761 elease.(0.97) wa\n-00002020: 7320 6d61 6465 2069 6e20 3230 3035 2061 s made in 2005 a\n-00002030: 6e64 2061 7420 7468 6520 7469 6d65 206f nd at the time o\n-00002040: 6620 7772 6974 696e 6720 6974 2073 6565 f writing it see\n-00002050: 6d73 2075 6e6c 696b 656c 790a 7468 6174 ms unlikely.that\n-00002060: 2074 6865 7265 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2061 there will be a\n-00002070: 6e6f 7468 6572 2e0a 0a20 2020 4279 2061 nother... By a\n-00002080: 726f 756e 6420 3230 3037 2c20 474e 552f round 2007, GNU/\n-00002090: 4c69 6e75 7820 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 Linux distributi\n-000020a0: 6f6e 7320 7374 6172 7465 6420 746f 2075 ons started to u\n-000020b0: 7365 2047 5255 4220 3220 746f 0a6c 696d se GRUB 2 to.lim\n-000020c0: 6974 6564 2065 7874 656e 7473 2c20 616e ited extents, an\n-000020d0: 6420 6279 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 d by the end of \n-000020e0: 3230 3039 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 6d61 2009 multiple ma\n-000020f0: 6a6f 7220 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e jor distribution\n-00002100: 730a 7765 7265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e s.were installin\n-00002110: 6720 6974 2062 7920 6465 6661 756c 742e g it by default.\n-00002120: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00002130: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4368 616e nfo, Node: Chan\n-00002140: 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 4220 4c65 ges from GRUB Le\n-00002150: 6761 6379 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2046 6561 gacy, Next: Fea\n-00002160: 7475 7265 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4869 tures, Prev: Hi\n-00002170: 7374 6f72 792c 2020 5570 3a20 496e 7472 story, Up: Intr\n-00002180: 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 0a0a 312e 3320 4469 oduction..1.3 Di\n-00002190: 6666 6572 656e 6365 7320 6672 6f6d 2070 fferences from p\n-000021a0: 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e73 revious versions\n-000021b0: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+00000f10: 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a ****..* Menu:..*\n+00000f20: 204f 7665 7276 6965 773a 3a20 2020 2020 Overview:: \n+00000f30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2057 W\n+00000f40: 6861 7420 6578 6163 746c 7920 4752 5542 hat exactly GRUB\n+00000f50: 2069 7320 616e 6420 686f 7720 746f 2075 is and how to u\n+00000f60: 7365 2069 740a 2a20 4869 7374 6f72 793a se it.* History:\n+00000f70: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+00000f80: 2020 2020 2020 4672 6f6d 206d 6167 676f From maggo\n+00000f90: 7420 746f 2068 6f75 7365 2066 6c79 0a2a t to house fly.*\n+00000fa0: 2043 6861 6e67 6573 2066 726f 6d20 4752 Changes from GR\n+00000fb0: 5542 204c 6567 6163 793a 3a20 2020 2044 UB Legacy:: D\n+00000fc0: 6966 6665 7265 6e63 6573 2066 726f 6d20 ifferences from \n+00000fd0: 7072 6576 696f 7573 2076 6572 7369 6f6e previous version\n+00000fe0: 730a 2a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 2020 s.* Features:: \n+00000ff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00001000: 2020 4752 5542 2066 6561 7475 7265 730a GRUB features.\n+00001010: 2a20 526f 6c65 206f 6620 6120 626f 6f74 * Role of a boot\n+00001020: 206c 6f61 6465 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 loader:: \n+00001030: 5468 6520 726f 6c65 206f 6620 6120 626f The role of a bo\n+00001040: 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 720a 0a1f 0a46 696c ot loader....Fil\n+00001050: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00001060: 6f64 653a 204f 7665 7276 6965 772c 2020 ode: Overview, \n+00001070: 4e65 7874 3a20 4869 7374 6f72 792c 2020 Next: History, \n+00001080: 5570 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e Up: Introduction\n+00001090: 0a0a 312e 3120 4f76 6572 7669 6577 0a3d ..1.1 Overview.=\n+000010a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a42 7269 ===========..Bri\n+000010b0: 6566 6c79 2c20 6120 e280 9c62 6f6f 7420 efly, a ...boot \n+000010c0: 6c6f 6164 6572 e280 9d20 6973 2074 6865 loader... is the\n+000010d0: 2066 6972 7374 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 first software \n+000010e0: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 7468 6174 2072 756e program that run\n+000010f0: 7320 7768 656e 2061 0a63 6f6d 7075 7465 s when a.compute\n+00001100: 7220 7374 6172 7473 2e20 2049 7420 6973 r starts. It is\n+00001110: 2072 6573 706f 6e73 6962 6c65 2066 6f72 responsible for\n+00001120: 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e64 2074 7261 loading and tra\n+00001130: 6e73 6665 7272 696e 6720 636f 6e74 726f nsferring contro\n+00001140: 6c0a 746f 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696e l.to an operatin\n+00001150: 6720 7379 7374 656d 20e2 809c 6b65 726e g system ...kern\n+00001160: 656c e280 9d20 736f 6674 7761 7265 2028 el... software (\n+00001170: 7375 6368 2061 7320 4c69 6e75 7820 6f72 such as Linux or\n+00001180: 2047 4e55 204d 6163 6829 2e0a 5468 6520 GNU Mach)..The \n+00001190: 6b65 726e 656c 2c20 696e 2074 7572 6e2c kernel, in turn,\n+000011a0: 2069 6e69 7469 616c 697a 6573 2074 6865 initializes the\n+000011b0: 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206f 7065 rest of the ope\n+000011c0: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 2865 rating system (e\n+000011d0: 2e67 2e0a 6120 474e 5520 7379 7374 656d .g..a GNU system\n+000011e0: 292e 0a0a 2020 2047 4e55 2047 5255 4220 )... GNU GRUB \n+000011f0: 6973 2061 2076 6572 7920 706f 7765 7266 is a very powerf\n+00001200: 756c 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 ul boot loader, \n+00001210: 7768 6963 6820 6361 6e20 6c6f 6164 2061 which can load a\n+00001220: 2077 6964 650a 7661 7269 6574 7920 6f66 wide.variety of\n+00001230: 2066 7265 6520 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 free operating \n+00001240: 7379 7374 656d 732c 2061 7320 7765 6c6c systems, as well\n+00001250: 2061 7320 7072 6f70 7269 6574 6172 7920 as proprietary \n+00001260: 6f70 6572 6174 696e 670a 7379 7374 656d operating.system\n+00001270: 7320 7769 7468 2063 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 s with chain-loa\n+00001280: 6469 6e67 2831 2920 282a 6e6f 7465 204f ding(1) (*note O\n+00001290: 7665 7276 6965 772d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 verview-Footnote\n+000012a0: 2d31 3a3a 292e 2020 4752 5542 2069 730a -1::). GRUB is.\n+000012b0: 6465 7369 676e 6564 2074 6f20 6164 6472 designed to addr\n+000012c0: 6573 7320 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6c65 7869 ess the complexi\n+000012d0: 7479 206f 6620 626f 6f74 696e 6720 6120 ty of booting a \n+000012e0: 7065 7273 6f6e 616c 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 personal compute\n+000012f0: 723b 2062 6f74 680a 7468 6520 7072 6f67 r; both.the prog\n+00001300: 7261 6d20 616e 6420 7468 6973 206d 616e ram and this man\n+00001310: 7561 6c20 6172 6520 7469 6768 746c 7920 ual are tightly \n+00001320: 626f 756e 6420 746f 2074 6861 7420 636f bound to that co\n+00001330: 6d70 7574 6572 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2c mputer platform,\n+00001340: 0a61 6c74 686f 7567 6820 706f 7274 696e .although portin\n+00001350: 6720 746f 206f 7468 6572 2070 6c61 7466 g to other platf\n+00001360: 6f72 6d73 206d 6179 2062 6520 6164 6472 orms may be addr\n+00001370: 6573 7365 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 7574 essed in the fut\n+00001380: 7572 652e 0a0a 2020 204f 6e65 206f 6620 ure... One of \n+00001390: 7468 6520 696d 706f 7274 616e 7420 6665 the important fe\n+000013a0: 6174 7572 6573 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2069 atures in GRUB i\n+000013b0: 7320 666c 6578 6962 696c 6974 793b 2047 s flexibility; G\n+000013c0: 5255 420a 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 7320 RUB.understands \n+000013d0: 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 7320 616e 6420 filesystems and \n+000013e0: 6b65 726e 656c 2065 7865 6375 7461 626c kernel executabl\n+000013f0: 6520 666f 726d 6174 732c 2073 6f20 796f e formats, so yo\n+00001400: 7520 6361 6e20 6c6f 6164 0a61 6e20 6172 u can load.an ar\n+00001410: 6269 7472 6172 7920 6f70 6572 6174 696e bitrary operatin\n+00001420: 6720 7379 7374 656d 2074 6865 2077 6179 g system the way\n+00001430: 2079 6f75 206c 696b 652c 2077 6974 686f you like, witho\n+00001440: 7574 2072 6563 6f72 6469 6e67 2074 6865 ut recording the\n+00001450: 0a70 6879 7369 6361 6c20 706f 7369 7469 .physical positi\n+00001460: 6f6e 206f 6620 796f 7572 206b 6572 6e65 on of your kerne\n+00001470: 6c20 6f6e 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b2e 2020 l on the disk. \n+00001480: 5468 7573 2079 6f75 2063 616e 206c 6f61 Thus you can loa\n+00001490: 6420 7468 650a 6b65 726e 656c 206a 7573 d the.kernel jus\n+000014a0: 7420 6279 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 t by specifying \n+000014b0: 6974 7320 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 616e its file name an\n+000014c0: 6420 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 616e 6420 d the drive and \n+000014d0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e0a 7768 6572 6520 partition.where \n+000014e0: 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2072 6573 6964 the kernel resid\n+000014f0: 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 5768 656e 2062 6f6f es... When boo\n+00001500: 7469 6e67 2077 6974 6820 4752 5542 2c20 ting with GRUB, \n+00001510: 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7573 6520 6569 7468 you can use eith\n+00001520: 6572 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e er a command-lin\n+00001530: 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 650a 282a 6e6f e interface.(*no\n+00001540: 7465 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 te Command-line \n+00001550: 696e 7465 7266 6163 653a 3a29 2c20 6f72 interface::), or\n+00001560: 2061 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 a menu interfac\n+00001570: 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 204d 656e 750a 696e e (*note Menu.in\n+00001580: 7465 7266 6163 653a 3a29 2e20 2055 7369 terface::). Usi\n+00001590: 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c ng the command-l\n+000015a0: 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c 2079 ine interface, y\n+000015b0: 6f75 2074 7970 6520 7468 6520 6472 6976 ou type the driv\n+000015c0: 650a 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 e.specification \n+000015d0: 616e 6420 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 6f66 and file name of\n+000015e0: 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6d61 6e75 the kernel manu\n+000015f0: 616c 6c79 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6520 6d65 ally. In the me\n+00001600: 6e75 0a69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 796f nu.interface, yo\n+00001610: 7520 6a75 7374 2073 656c 6563 7420 616e u just select an\n+00001620: 204f 5320 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 6172 OS using the ar\n+00001630: 726f 7720 6b65 7973 2e20 2054 6865 206d row keys. The m\n+00001640: 656e 7520 6973 0a62 6173 6564 206f 6e20 enu is.based on \n+00001650: 6120 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 a configuration \n+00001660: 6669 6c65 2077 6869 6368 2079 6f75 2070 file which you p\n+00001670: 7265 7061 7265 2062 6566 6f72 6568 616e repare beforehan\n+00001680: 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a43 6f6e 6669 6775 d (*note.Configu\n+00001690: 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 2020 5768 696c ration::). Whil\n+000016a0: 6520 696e 2074 6865 206d 656e 752c 2079 e in the menu, y\n+000016b0: 6f75 2063 616e 2073 7769 7463 6820 746f ou can switch to\n+000016c0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e the command-lin\n+000016d0: 650a 6d6f 6465 2c20 616e 6420 7669 6365 e.mode, and vice\n+000016e0: 2d76 6572 7361 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 616e -versa. You can\n+000016f0: 2065 7665 6e20 6564 6974 206d 656e 7520 even edit menu \n+00001700: 656e 7472 6965 7320 6265 666f 7265 2075 entries before u\n+00001710: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 6d2e 0a0a 2020 2049 sing them... I\n+00001720: 6e20 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 n the following \n+00001730: 6368 6170 7465 7273 2c20 796f 7520 7769 chapters, you wi\n+00001740: 6c6c 206c 6561 726e 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 ll learn how to \n+00001750: 7370 6563 6966 7920 6120 6472 6976 652c specify a drive,\n+00001760: 2061 0a70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 616e a.partition, an\n+00001770: 6420 6120 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 282a d a file name (*\n+00001780: 6e6f 7465 204e 616d 696e 6720 636f 6e76 note Naming conv\n+00001790: 656e 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2920 746f 2047 5255 ention::) to GRU\n+000017a0: 422c 2068 6f77 2074 6f0a 696e 7374 616c B, how to.instal\n+000017b0: 6c20 4752 5542 206f 6e20 796f 7572 2064 l GRUB on your d\n+000017c0: 7269 7665 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 7374 rive (*note Inst\n+000017d0: 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 allation::), and\n+000017e0: 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2079 6f75 how to boot you\n+000017f0: 720a 4f53 6573 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 426f r.OSes (*note Bo\n+00001800: 6f74 696e 673a 3a29 2c20 7374 6570 2062 oting::), step b\n+00001810: 7920 7374 6570 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a y step.....File:\n+00001820: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00001830: 653a 204f 7665 7276 6965 772d 466f 6f74 e: Overview-Foot\n+00001840: 6e6f 7465 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4f76 6572 notes, Up: Over\n+00001850: 7669 6577 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 20e2 809c view.. (1) ...\n+00001860: 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 e280 9d20 6973 chain-load... is\n+00001870: 2074 6865 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2066 the mechanism f\n+00001880: 6f72 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2075 6e73 7570 or loading unsup\n+00001890: 706f 7274 6564 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 ported operating\n+000018a0: 0a73 7973 7465 6d73 2062 7920 6c6f 6164 .systems by load\n+000018b0: 696e 6720 616e 6f74 6865 7220 626f 6f74 ing another boot\n+000018c0: 206c 6f61 6465 722e 2020 4974 2069 7320 loader. It is \n+000018d0: 7479 7069 6361 6c6c 7920 7573 6564 2066 typically used f\n+000018e0: 6f72 0a6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2044 4f53 206f or.loading DOS o\n+000018f0: 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 r Windows.....Fi\n+00001900: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00001910: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4869 7374 6f72 792c 2020 Node: History, \n+00001920: 4e65 7874 3a20 4368 616e 6765 7320 6672 Next: Changes fr\n+00001930: 6f6d 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 2c20 om GRUB Legacy, \n+00001940: 2050 7265 763a 204f 7665 7276 6965 772c Prev: Overview,\n+00001950: 2020 5570 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 Up: Introducti\n+00001960: 6f6e 0a0a 312e 3220 4869 7374 6f72 7920 on..1.2 History \n+00001970: 6f66 2047 5255 420a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d of GRUB.========\n+00001980: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 ===========..GRU\n+00001990: 4220 6f72 6967 696e 6174 6564 2069 6e20 B originated in \n+000019a0: 3139 3935 2077 6865 6e20 4572 6963 6820 1995 when Erich \n+000019b0: 426f 6c65 796e 2077 6173 2074 7279 696e Boleyn was tryin\n+000019c0: 6720 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 7468 6520 474e g to boot the GN\n+000019d0: 550a 4875 7264 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 U.Hurd with the \n+000019e0: 556e 6976 6572 7369 7479 206f 6620 5574 University of Ut\n+000019f0: 6168 2773 204d 6163 6820 3420 6d69 6372 ah's Mach 4 micr\n+00001a00: 6f6b 6572 6e65 6c20 286e 6f77 206b 6e6f okernel (now kno\n+00001a10: 776e 2061 7320 474e 550a 4d61 6368 292e wn as GNU.Mach).\n+00001a20: 2020 4572 6963 6820 616e 6420 4272 6961 Erich and Bria\n+00001a30: 6e20 466f 7264 2064 6573 6967 6e65 6420 n Ford designed \n+00001a40: 7468 6520 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 the Multiboot Sp\n+00001a50: 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 282a 6e6f ecification (*no\n+00001a60: 7465 0a4d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2053 7065 te.Multiboot Spe\n+00001a70: 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 3a20 286d 756c cification: (mul\n+00001a80: 7469 626f 6f74 2954 6f70 2e29 2c20 6265 tiboot)Top.), be\n+00001a90: 6361 7573 6520 7468 6579 2077 6572 6520 cause they were \n+00001aa0: 6465 7465 726d 696e 6564 0a6e 6f74 2074 determined.not t\n+00001ab0: 6f20 6164 6420 746f 2074 6865 206c 6172 o add to the lar\n+00001ac0: 6765 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 206d 7574 ge number of mut\n+00001ad0: 7561 6c6c 792d 696e 636f 6d70 6174 6962 ually-incompatib\n+00001ae0: 6c65 2050 4320 626f 6f74 206d 6574 686f le PC boot metho\n+00001af0: 6473 2e0a 0a20 2020 4572 6963 6820 7468 ds... Erich th\n+00001b00: 656e 2062 6567 616e 206d 6f64 6966 7969 en began modifyi\n+00001b10: 6e67 2074 6865 2046 7265 6542 5344 2062 ng the FreeBSD b\n+00001b20: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2073 6f20 7468 oot loader so th\n+00001b30: 6174 2069 7420 776f 756c 640a 756e 6465 at it would.unde\n+00001b40: 7273 7461 6e64 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 rstand Multiboot\n+00001b50: 2e20 2048 6520 736f 6f6e 2072 6561 6c69 . He soon reali\n+00001b60: 7a65 6420 7468 6174 2069 7420 776f 756c zed that it woul\n+00001b70: 6420 6265 2061 206c 6f74 2065 6173 6965 d be a lot easie\n+00001b80: 7220 746f 0a77 7269 7465 2068 6973 206f r to.write his o\n+00001b90: 776e 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2066 wn boot loader f\n+00001ba0: 726f 6d20 7363 7261 7463 6820 7468 616e rom scratch than\n+00001bb0: 2074 6f20 6b65 6570 2077 6f72 6b69 6e67 to keep working\n+00001bc0: 206f 6e20 7468 650a 4672 6565 4253 4420 on the.FreeBSD \n+00001bd0: 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 722c 2061 6e64 boot loader, and\n+00001be0: 2073 6f20 4752 5542 2077 6173 2062 6f72 so GRUB was bor\n+00001bf0: 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2045 7269 6368 2061 6464 n... Erich add\n+00001c00: 6564 206d 616e 7920 6665 6174 7572 6573 ed many features\n+00001c10: 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2c20 6275 7420 6f74 to GRUB, but ot\n+00001c20: 6865 7220 7072 696f 7269 7469 6573 2070 her priorities p\n+00001c30: 7265 7665 6e74 6564 2068 696d 0a66 726f revented him.fro\n+00001c40: 6d20 6b65 6570 696e 6720 7570 2077 6974 m keeping up wit\n+00001c50: 6820 7468 6520 6465 6d61 6e64 7320 6f66 h the demands of\n+00001c60: 2069 7473 2071 7569 636b 6c79 2d65 7870 its quickly-exp\n+00001c70: 616e 6469 6e67 2075 7365 7220 6261 7365 anding user base\n+00001c80: 2e20 2049 6e0a 3139 3939 2c20 476f 7264 . In.1999, Gord\n+00001c90: 6f6e 204d 6174 7a69 676b 6569 7420 616e on Matzigkeit an\n+00001ca0: 6420 596f 7368 696e 6f72 6920 4b2e 204f d Yoshinori K. O\n+00001cb0: 6b75 6a69 2061 646f 7074 6564 2047 5255 kuji adopted GRU\n+00001cc0: 4220 6173 2061 6e0a 6f66 6669 6369 616c B as an.official\n+00001cd0: 2047 4e55 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 616e GNU package, an\n+00001ce0: 6420 6f70 656e 6564 2069 7473 2064 6576 d opened its dev\n+00001cf0: 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2062 7920 6d61 6b69 elopment by maki\n+00001d00: 6e67 2074 6865 206c 6174 6573 740a 736f ng the latest.so\n+00001d10: 7572 6365 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 urces available \n+00001d20: 7669 6120 616e 6f6e 796d 6f75 7320 4356 via anonymous CV\n+00001d30: 532e 202a 4e6f 7465 204f 6274 6169 6e69 S. *Note Obtaini\n+00001d40: 6e67 2061 6e64 2042 7569 6c64 696e 670a ng and Building.\n+00001d50: 4752 5542 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 GRUB::, for more\n+00001d60: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 information... \n+00001d70: 2020 4f76 6572 2074 6865 206e 6578 7420 Over the next \n+00001d80: 6665 7720 7965 6172 732c 2047 5255 4220 few years, GRUB \n+00001d90: 7761 7320 6578 7465 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 was extended to \n+00001da0: 6d65 6574 206d 616e 7920 6e65 6564 732c meet many needs,\n+00001db0: 2062 7574 2069 740a 7175 6963 6b6c 7920 but it.quickly \n+00001dc0: 6265 6361 6d65 2063 6c65 6172 2074 6861 became clear tha\n+00001dd0: 7420 6974 7320 6465 7369 676e 2077 6173 t its design was\n+00001de0: 206e 6f74 206b 6565 7069 6e67 2075 7020 not keeping up \n+00001df0: 7769 7468 2074 6865 0a65 7874 656e 7369 with the.extensi\n+00001e00: 6f6e 7320 6265 696e 6720 6d61 6465 2074 ons being made t\n+00001e10: 6f20 6974 2c20 616e 6420 7765 2072 6561 o it, and we rea\n+00001e20: 6368 6564 2074 6865 2070 6f69 6e74 2077 ched the point w\n+00001e30: 6865 7265 2069 7420 7761 7320 7665 7279 here it was very\n+00001e40: 0a64 6966 6669 6375 6c74 2074 6f20 6d61 .difficult to ma\n+00001e50: 6b65 2061 6e79 2066 7572 7468 6572 2063 ke any further c\n+00001e60: 6861 6e67 6573 2077 6974 686f 7574 2062 hanges without b\n+00001e70: 7265 616b 696e 6720 6578 6973 7469 6e67 reaking existing\n+00001e80: 0a66 6561 7475 7265 732e 2020 4172 6f75 .features. Arou\n+00001e90: 6e64 2032 3030 322c 2059 6f73 6869 6e6f nd 2002, Yoshino\n+00001ea0: 7269 204b 2e20 4f6b 756a 6920 7374 6172 ri K. Okuji star\n+00001eb0: 7465 6420 776f 726b 206f 6e20 5055 5041 ted work on PUPA\n+00001ec0: 0a28 5072 656c 696d 696e 6172 7920 556e .(Preliminary Un\n+00001ed0: 6976 6572 7361 6c20 5072 6f67 7261 6d6d iversal Programm\n+00001ee0: 696e 6720 4172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 ing Architecture\n+00001ef0: 2066 6f72 2047 4e55 2047 5255 4229 2c20 for GNU GRUB), \n+00001f00: 6169 6d69 6e67 2074 6f0a 7265 7772 6974 aiming to.rewrit\n+00001f10: 6520 7468 6520 636f 7265 206f 6620 4752 e the core of GR\n+00001f20: 5542 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 2069 7420 636c UB to make it cl\n+00001f30: 6561 6e65 722c 2073 6166 6572 2c20 6d6f eaner, safer, mo\n+00001f40: 7265 2072 6f62 7573 742c 2061 6e64 0a6d re robust, and.m\n+00001f50: 6f72 6520 706f 7765 7266 756c 2e20 2050 ore powerful. P\n+00001f60: 5550 4120 7761 7320 6576 656e 7475 616c UPA was eventual\n+00001f70: 6c79 2072 656e 616d 6564 2074 6f20 4752 ly renamed to GR\n+00001f80: 5542 2032 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 6f72 UB 2, and the or\n+00001f90: 6967 696e 616c 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e 206f iginal.version o\n+00001fa0: 6620 4752 5542 2077 6173 2072 656e 616d f GRUB was renam\n+00001fb0: 6564 2074 6f20 4752 5542 204c 6567 6163 ed to GRUB Legac\n+00001fc0: 792e 2020 536d 616c 6c20 616d 6f75 6e74 y. Small amount\n+00001fd0: 7320 6f66 0a6d 6169 6e74 656e 616e 6365 s of.maintenance\n+00001fe0: 2063 6f6e 7469 6e75 6564 2074 6f20 6265 continued to be\n+00001ff0: 2064 6f6e 6520 6f6e 2047 5255 4220 4c65 done on GRUB Le\n+00002000: 6761 6379 2c20 6275 7420 7468 6520 6c61 gacy, but the la\n+00002010: 7374 2072 656c 6561 7365 0a28 302e 3937 st release.(0.97\n+00002020: 2920 7761 7320 6d61 6465 2069 6e20 3230 ) was made in 20\n+00002030: 3035 2061 6e64 2061 7420 7468 6520 7469 05 and at the ti\n+00002040: 6d65 206f 6620 7772 6974 696e 6720 6974 me of writing it\n+00002050: 2073 6565 6d73 2075 6e6c 696b 656c 790a seems unlikely.\n+00002060: 7468 6174 2074 6865 7265 2077 696c 6c20 that there will \n+00002070: 6265 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2e0a 0a20 2020 be another... \n+00002080: 4279 2061 726f 756e 6420 3230 3037 2c20 By around 2007, \n+00002090: 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 6469 7374 7269 GNU/Linux distri\n+000020a0: 6275 7469 6f6e 7320 7374 6172 7465 6420 butions started \n+000020b0: 746f 2075 7365 2047 5255 4220 3220 746f to use GRUB 2 to\n+000020c0: 0a6c 696d 6974 6564 2065 7874 656e 7473 .limited extents\n+000020d0: 2c20 616e 6420 6279 2074 6865 2065 6e64 , and by the end\n+000020e0: 206f 6620 3230 3039 206d 756c 7469 706c of 2009 multipl\n+000020f0: 6520 6d61 6a6f 7220 6469 7374 7269 6275 e major distribu\n+00002100: 7469 6f6e 730a 7765 7265 2069 6e73 7461 tions.were insta\n+00002110: 6c6c 696e 6720 6974 2062 7920 6465 6661 lling it by defa\n+00002120: 756c 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ult.....File: gr\n+00002130: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00002140: 4368 616e 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 Changes from GRU\n+00002150: 4220 4c65 6761 6379 2c20 204e 6578 743a B Legacy, Next:\n+00002160: 2046 6561 7475 7265 732c 2020 5072 6576 Features, Prev\n+00002170: 3a20 4869 7374 6f72 792c 2020 5570 3a20 : History, Up: \n+00002180: 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 0a0a 312e Introduction..1.\n+00002190: 3320 4469 6666 6572 656e 6365 7320 6672 3 Differences fr\n+000021a0: 6f6d 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7665 7273 om previous vers\n+000021b0: 696f 6e73 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ions.===========\n 000021c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000021d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 3220 =======..GRUB 2 \n-000021e0: 6973 2061 2072 6577 7269 7465 206f 6620 is a rewrite of \n-000021f0: 4752 5542 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4869 7374 GRUB (*note Hist\n-00002200: 6f72 793a 3a29 2c20 616c 7468 6f75 6768 ory::), although\n-00002210: 2069 7420 7368 6172 6573 206d 616e 790a it shares many.\n-00002220: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7269 7374 6963 7320 characteristics \n-00002230: 7769 7468 2074 6865 2070 7265 7669 6f75 with the previou\n-00002240: 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e2c 206e 6f77 206b s version, now k\n-00002250: 6e6f 776e 2061 7320 4752 5542 204c 6567 nown as GRUB Leg\n-00002260: 6163 792e 0a55 7365 7273 206f 6620 4752 acy..Users of GR\n-00002270: 5542 204c 6567 6163 7920 6d61 7920 6e65 UB Legacy may ne\n-00002280: 6564 2073 6f6d 6520 6775 6964 616e 6365 ed some guidance\n-00002290: 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 2074 6865 6972 2077 to find their w\n-000022a0: 6179 2061 726f 756e 640a 7468 6973 206e ay around.this n\n-000022b0: 6577 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 ew version... \n-000022c0: e280 a220 5468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ... The configur\n-000022d0: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2068 6173 2061 ation file has a\n-000022e0: 206e 6577 206e 616d 6520 28e2 8098 6772 new name (...gr\n-000022f0: 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 7261 7468 6572 ub.cfg... rather\n-00002300: 2074 6861 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6d65 than. ...me\n-00002310: 6e75 2e6c 7374 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 nu.lst... or ...\n-00002320: 6772 7562 2e63 6f6e 66e2 8099 292c 206e grub.conf...), n\n-00002330: 6577 2073 796e 7461 7820 282a 6e6f 7465 ew syntax (*note\n-00002340: 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a Configuration::\n-00002350: 2920 616e 640a 2020 2020 206d 616e 7920 ) and. many \n-00002360: 6e65 7720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2028 2a6e new commands (*n\n-00002370: 6f74 6520 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 3a3a 292e ote Commands::).\n-00002380: 2020 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 Configuration \n-00002390: 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 650a 2020 2020 2063 cannot be. c\n-000023a0: 6f70 6965 6420 6f76 6572 2064 6972 6563 opied over direc\n-000023b0: 746c 792c 2061 6c74 686f 7567 6820 6d6f tly, although mo\n-000023c0: 7374 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 2075 st GRUB Legacy u\n-000023d0: 7365 7273 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 740a sers should not.\n-000023e0: 2020 2020 2066 696e 6420 7468 6520 7379 find the sy\n-000023f0: 6e74 6178 2074 6f6f 2073 7572 7072 6973 ntax too surpris\n-00002400: 696e 672e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ing... ... ...\n-00002410: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 6973 2074 grub.cfg... is t\n-00002420: 7970 6963 616c 6c79 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 ypically automat\n-00002430: 6963 616c 6c79 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 ically generated\n-00002440: 2062 7920 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f by ...grub-mkco\n-00002450: 6e66 6967 e280 990a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e nfig.... (*n\n-00002460: 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 ote Simple confi\n-00002470: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 guration::). Th\n-00002480: 6973 206d 616b 6573 2069 7420 6561 7369 is makes it easi\n-00002490: 6572 2074 6f20 6861 6e64 6c65 0a20 2020 er to handle. \n-000024a0: 2020 7665 7273 696f 6e65 6420 6b65 726e versioned kern\n-000024b0: 656c 2075 7067 7261 6465 732e 0a0a 2020 el upgrades... \n-000024c0: 20e2 80a2 2050 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206e ... Partition n\n-000024d0: 756d 6265 7273 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2064 umbers in GRUB d\n-000024e0: 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6e6f 7720 evice names now \n-000024f0: 7374 6172 7420 6174 2031 2c20 6e6f 7420 start at 1, not \n-00002500: 3020 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 4e61 0 (*note. Na\n-00002510: 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e3a ming convention:\n-00002520: 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 5468 6520 :)... ... The \n-00002530: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n-00002540: 6c65 2069 7320 6e6f 7720 7772 6974 7465 le is now writte\n-00002550: 6e20 696e 2073 6f6d 6574 6869 6e67 2063 n in something c\n-00002560: 6c6f 7365 7220 746f 2061 2066 756c 6c0a loser to a full.\n-00002570: 2020 2020 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 206c scripting l\n-00002580: 616e 6775 6167 653a 2076 6172 6961 626c anguage: variabl\n-00002590: 6573 2c20 636f 6e64 6974 696f 6e61 6c73 es, conditionals\n-000025a0: 2c20 616e 6420 6c6f 6f70 7320 6172 650a , and loops are.\n-000025b0: 2020 2020 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e0a available..\n-000025c0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4120 736d 616c 6c20 . ... A small \n-000025d0: 616d 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 7065 7273 6973 amount of persis\n-000025e0: 7465 6e74 2073 746f 7261 6765 2069 7320 tent storage is \n-000025f0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6163 726f 7373 available across\n-00002600: 2072 6562 6f6f 7473 2c0a 2020 2020 2075 reboots,. u\n-00002610: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7361 7665 sing the ...save\n-00002620: 5f65 6e76 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 986c _env... and ...l\n-00002630: 6f61 645f 656e 76e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 oad_env... comma\n-00002640: 6e64 7320 696e 2047 5255 4220 616e 6420 nds in GRUB and \n-00002650: 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6772 7562 the. ...grub\n-00002660: 2d65 6469 7465 6e76 e280 9920 7574 696c -editenv... util\n-00002670: 6974 792e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6e6f ity. This is no\n-00002680: 7420 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 696e 2061 t available in a\n-00002690: 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ll. configur\n-000026a0: 6174 696f 6e73 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 456e ations (*note En\n-000026b0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b3a vironment block:\n-000026c0: 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4752 5542 :)... ... GRUB\n-000026d0: 2032 2068 6173 206d 6f72 6520 7265 6c69 2 has more reli\n-000026e0: 6162 6c65 2077 6179 7320 746f 2066 696e able ways to fin\n-000026f0: 6420 6974 7320 6f77 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 d its own files \n-00002700: 616e 6420 7468 6f73 6520 6f66 0a20 2020 and those of. \n-00002710: 2020 7461 7267 6574 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 target kernels\n-00002720: 206f 6e20 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2d64 6973 on multiple-dis\n-00002730: 6b20 7379 7374 656d 732c 2061 6e64 2068 k systems, and h\n-00002740: 6173 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 282a 6e6f as commands (*no\n-00002750: 7465 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 3a3a te. search::\n-00002760: 2920 746f 2066 696e 6420 6465 7669 6365 ) to find device\n-00002770: 7320 7573 696e 6720 6669 6c65 2073 7973 s using file sys\n-00002780: 7465 6d20 6c61 6265 6c73 206f 7220 556e tem labels or Un\n-00002790: 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 790a 2020 2020 2055 iversally. U\n-000027a0: 6e69 7175 6520 4964 656e 7469 6669 6572 nique Identifier\n-000027b0: 7320 2855 5549 4473 292e 0a0a 2020 20e2 s (UUIDs)... .\n-000027c0: 80a2 2047 5255 4220 3220 6973 2061 7661 .. GRUB 2 is ava\n-000027d0: 696c 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 2073 6576 6572 ilable for sever\n-000027e0: 616c 206f 7468 6572 2074 7970 6573 206f al other types o\n-000027f0: 6620 7379 7374 656d 2069 6e20 6164 6469 f system in addi\n-00002800: 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2074 6865 tion. to the\n-00002810: 2050 4320 4249 4f53 2073 7973 7465 6d73 PC BIOS systems\n-00002820: 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 2062 7920 4752 supported by GR\n-00002830: 5542 204c 6567 6163 793a 2050 4320 4546 UB Legacy: PC EF\n-00002840: 492c 2050 430a 2020 2020 2063 6f72 6562 I, PC. coreb\n-00002850: 6f6f 742c 2050 6f77 6572 5043 2c20 5350 oot, PowerPC, SP\n-00002860: 4152 432c 2061 6e64 204d 4950 5320 4c65 ARC, and MIPS Le\n-00002870: 6d6f 7465 2059 6565 6c6f 6f6e 6720 6172 mote Yeeloong ar\n-00002880: 6520 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 2073 7570 706f e all. suppo\n-00002890: 7274 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4d61 rted... ... Ma\n-000028a0: 6e79 206d 6f72 6520 6669 6c65 2073 7973 ny more file sys\n-000028b0: 7465 6d73 2061 7265 2073 7570 706f 7274 tems are support\n-000028c0: 6564 2c20 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 6275 ed, including bu\n-000028d0: 7420 6e6f 7420 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 746f t not limited to\n-000028e0: 0a20 2020 2020 6578 7434 2c20 4846 532b . ext4, HFS+\n-000028f0: 2c20 616e 6420 4e54 4653 2e0a 0a20 2020 , and NTFS... \n-00002900: e280 a220 4752 5542 2032 2063 616e 2072 ... GRUB 2 can r\n-00002910: 6561 6420 6669 6c65 7320 6469 7265 6374 ead files direct\n-00002920: 6c79 2066 726f 6d20 4c56 4d20 616e 6420 ly from LVM and \n-00002930: 5241 4944 2064 6576 6963 6573 2e0a 0a20 RAID devices... \n-00002940: 2020 e280 a220 4120 6772 6170 6869 6361 ... A graphica\n-00002950: 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c 2061 6e64 2061 l terminal and a\n-00002960: 2067 7261 7068 6963 616c 206d 656e 7520 graphical menu \n-00002970: 7379 7374 656d 2061 7265 2061 7661 696c system are avail\n-00002980: 6162 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4752 able... ... GR\n-00002990: 5542 2032 2773 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 UB 2's interface\n-000029a0: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7472 616e 736c 6174 can be translat\n-000029b0: 6564 2c20 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 6d65 ed, including me\n-000029c0: 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 206e 616d 6573 2e0a nu entry names..\n-000029d0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 5468 6520 696d 6167 . ... The imag\n-000029e0: 6520 6669 6c65 7320 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 e files (*note I\n-000029f0: 6d61 6765 733a 3a29 2074 6861 7420 6d61 mages::) that ma\n-00002a00: 6b65 2075 7020 4752 5542 2068 6176 6520 ke up GRUB have \n-00002a10: 6265 656e 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6f72 6761 been. reorga\n-00002a20: 6e69 7365 643b 2053 7461 6765 2031 2c20 nised; Stage 1, \n-00002a30: 5374 6167 6520 312e 352c 2061 6e64 2053 Stage 1.5, and S\n-00002a40: 7461 6765 2032 2061 7265 206e 6f20 6d6f tage 2 are no mo\n-00002a50: 7265 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4752 5542 re... ... GRUB\n-00002a60: 2032 2070 7574 7320 6d61 6e79 2066 6163 2 puts many fac\n-00002a70: 696c 6974 6965 7320 696e 2064 796e 616d ilities in dynam\n-00002a80: 6963 616c 6c79 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6d6f ically loaded mo\n-00002a90: 6475 6c65 732c 2061 6c6c 6f77 696e 670a dules, allowing.\n-00002aa0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d the core im\n-00002ab0: 6167 6520 746f 2062 6520 736d 616c 6c65 age to be smalle\n-00002ac0: 722c 2061 6e64 2061 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 r, and allowing \n-00002ad0: 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2074 the core image t\n-00002ae0: 6f20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 6275 696c 7420 o be. built \n-00002af0: 696e 206d 6f72 6520 666c 6578 6962 6c65 in more flexible\n-00002b00: 2077 6179 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ways.....File: \n-00002b10: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00002b20: 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 2c20 204e 6578 : Features, Nex\n-00002b30: 743a 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f t: Role of a boo\n-00002b40: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 2050 7265 763a t loader, Prev:\n-00002b50: 2043 6861 6e67 6573 2066 726f 6d20 4752 Changes from GR\n-00002b60: 5542 204c 6567 6163 792c 2020 5570 3a20 UB Legacy, Up: \n-00002b70: 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 0a0a 312e Introduction..1.\n-00002b80: 3420 4752 5542 2066 6561 7475 7265 730a 4 GRUB features.\n-00002b90: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00002ba0: 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 7269 6d61 7279 2072 =..The primary r\n-00002bb0: 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 2066 6f72 2047 equirement for G\n-00002bc0: 5255 4220 6973 2074 6861 7420 6974 2062 RUB is that it b\n-00002bd0: 6520 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 7420 7769 7468 e compliant with\n-00002be0: 2074 6865 0ae2 809c 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f the....Multiboo\n-00002bf0: 7420 5370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6ee2 t Specification.\n-00002c00: 809d 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6973 2064 6573 .., which is des\n-00002c10: 6372 6962 6564 2069 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 cribed in *note \n-00002c20: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 740a 5370 6563 6966 Multiboot.Specif\n-00002c30: 6963 6174 696f 6e3a 2028 6d75 6c74 6962 ication: (multib\n-00002c40: 6f6f 7429 546f 702e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 oot)Top... The\n-00002c50: 206f 7468 6572 2067 6f61 6c73 2c20 6c69 other goals, li\n-00002c60: 7374 6564 2069 6e20 6170 7072 6f78 696d sted in approxim\n-00002c70: 6174 6520 6f72 6465 7220 6f66 2069 6d70 ate order of imp\n-00002c80: 6f72 7461 6e63 652c 2061 7265 3a0a 0a20 ortance, are:.. \n-00002c90: 2020 e280 a220 4261 7369 6320 6675 6e63 ... Basic func\n-00002ca0: 7469 6f6e 7320 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7374 tions must be st\n-00002cb0: 7261 6967 6874 666f 7277 6172 6420 666f raightforward fo\n-00002cc0: 7220 656e 642d 7573 6572 732e 0a0a 2020 r end-users... \n-00002cd0: 20e2 80a2 2052 6963 6820 6675 6e63 7469 ... Rich functi\n-00002ce0: 6f6e 616c 6974 7920 746f 2073 7570 706f onality to suppo\n-00002cf0: 7274 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6578 7065 7274 rt kernel expert\n-00002d00: 7320 616e 6420 6465 7369 676e 6572 732e s and designers.\n-00002d10: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2042 6163 6b77 6172 .. ... Backwar\n-00002d20: 6420 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c 6974 7920 d compatibility \n-00002d30: 666f 7220 626f 6f74 696e 6720 4672 6565 for booting Free\n-00002d40: 4253 442c 204e 6574 4253 442c 204f 7065 BSD, NetBSD, Ope\n-00002d50: 6e42 5344 2c20 616e 640a 2020 2020 204c nBSD, and. L\n-00002d60: 696e 7578 2e20 2050 726f 7072 6965 7461 inux. Proprieta\n-00002d70: 7279 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2028 7375 6368 ry kernels (such\n-00002d80: 2061 7320 444f 532c 2057 696e 646f 7773 as DOS, Windows\n-00002d90: 204e 542c 2061 6e64 204f 532f 3229 2061 NT, and OS/2) a\n-00002da0: 7265 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 6f72 7465 re. supporte\n-00002db0: 6420 7669 6120 6120 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f d via a chain-lo\n-00002dc0: 6164 696e 6720 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2e0a ading function..\n-00002dd0: 0a20 2020 4578 6365 7074 2066 6f72 2073 . Except for s\n-00002de0: 7065 6369 6669 6320 636f 6d70 6174 6962 pecific compatib\n-00002df0: 696c 6974 7920 6d6f 6465 7320 2863 6861 ility modes (cha\n-00002e00: 696e 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e64 2074 in-loading and t\n-00002e10: 6865 204c 696e 7578 0ae2 809c 7069 6767 he Linux....pigg\n-00002e20: 7962 6163 6be2 809d 2066 6f72 6d61 7429 yback... format)\n-00002e30: 2c20 616c 6c20 6b65 726e 656c 7320 7769 , all kernels wi\n-00002e40: 6c6c 2062 6520 7374 6172 7465 6420 696e ll be started in\n-00002e50: 206d 7563 6820 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2073 much the same s\n-00002e60: 7461 7465 0a61 7320 696e 2074 6865 204d tate.as in the M\n-00002e70: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2053 7065 6369 6669 ultiboot Specifi\n-00002e80: 6361 7469 6f6e 2e20 204f 6e6c 7920 6b65 cation. Only ke\n-00002e90: 726e 656c 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 7420 rnels loaded at \n-00002ea0: 3120 6d65 6761 6279 7465 206f 720a 6162 1 megabyte or.ab\n-00002eb0: 6f76 6520 6172 6520 7072 6573 656e 746c ove are presentl\n-00002ec0: 7920 7375 7070 6f72 7465 642e 2020 416e y supported. An\n-00002ed0: 7920 6174 7465 6d70 7420 746f 206c 6f61 y attempt to loa\n-00002ee0: 6420 6265 6c6f 7720 7468 6174 2062 6f75 d below that bou\n-00002ef0: 6e64 6172 790a 7769 6c6c 2073 696d 706c ndary.will simpl\n-00002f00: 7920 7265 7375 6c74 2069 6e20 696d 6d65 y result in imme\n-00002f10: 6469 6174 6520 6661 696c 7572 6520 616e diate failure an\n-00002f20: 6420 616e 2065 7272 6f72 206d 6573 7361 d an error messa\n-00002f30: 6765 2072 6570 6f72 7469 6e67 0a74 6865 ge reporting.the\n-00002f40: 2070 726f 626c 656d 2e0a 0a20 2020 496e problem... In\n-00002f50: 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e20 746f 2074 6865 addition to the\n-00002f60: 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 7320 6162 requirements ab\n-00002f70: 6f76 652c 2047 5255 4220 6861 7320 7468 ove, GRUB has th\n-00002f80: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 670a 6665 6174 e following.feat\n-00002f90: 7572 6573 2028 6e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 ures (note that \n-00002fa0: 7468 6520 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 the Multiboot Sp\n-00002fb0: 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 646f 6573 ecification does\n-00002fc0: 6e27 7420 7265 7175 6972 6520 616c 6c20 n't require all \n-00002fd0: 7468 650a 6665 6174 7572 6573 2074 6861 the.features tha\n-00002fe0: 7420 4752 5542 2073 7570 706f 7274 7329 t GRUB supports)\n-00002ff0: 3a0a 0a52 6563 6f67 6e69 7a65 206d 756c :..Recognize mul\n-00003000: 7469 706c 6520 6578 6563 7574 6162 6c65 tiple executable\n-00003010: 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 0a20 2020 2020 5375 formats. Su\n-00003020: 7070 6f72 7420 6d61 6e79 206f 6620 7468 pport many of th\n-00003030: 6520 e280 9c61 2e6f 7574 e280 9d20 7661 e ...a.out... va\n-00003040: 7269 616e 7473 2070 6c75 7320 e280 9c45 riants plus ...E\n-00003050: 4c46 e280 9d2e 2053 796d 626f 6c20 7461 LF.... Symbol ta\n-00003060: 626c 6573 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 616c bles are. al\n-00003070: 736f 206c 6f61 6465 642e 0a0a 5375 7070 so loaded...Supp\n-00003080: 6f72 7420 6e6f 6e2d 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f ort non-Multiboo\n-00003090: 7420 6b65 726e 656c 730a 2020 2020 2053 t kernels. S\n-000030a0: 7570 706f 7274 206d 616e 7920 6f66 2074 upport many of t\n-000030b0: 6865 2076 6172 696f 7573 2066 7265 6520 he various free \n-000030c0: 3332 2d62 6974 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2074 32-bit kernels t\n-000030d0: 6861 7420 6c61 636b 204d 756c 7469 626f hat lack Multibo\n-000030e0: 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d70 6c69 616e ot. complian\n-000030f0: 6365 2028 7072 696d 6172 696c 7920 4672 ce (primarily Fr\n-00003100: 6565 4253 442c 204e 6574 4253 4428 3129 eeBSD, NetBSD(1)\n-00003110: 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2046 6561 (*note. Fea\n-00003120: 7475 7265 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 tures-Footnote-1\n-00003130: 3a3a 292c 204f 7065 6e42 5344 2c20 616e ::), OpenBSD, an\n-00003140: 6420 4c69 6e75 7829 2e20 2043 6861 696e d Linux). Chain\n-00003150: 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 206f 660a 2020 2020 -loading of. \n-00003160: 206f 7468 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 other boot load\n-00003170: 6572 7320 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 7375 7070 ers is also supp\n-00003180: 6f72 7465 642e 0a0a 4c6f 6164 206d 756c orted...Load mul\n-00003190: 7469 706c 6573 206d 6f64 756c 6573 0a20 tiples modules. \n-000031a0: 2020 2020 4675 6c6c 7920 7375 7070 6f72 Fully suppor\n-000031b0: 7420 7468 6520 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 t the Multiboot \n-000031c0: 6665 6174 7572 6520 6f66 206c 6f61 6469 feature of loadi\n-000031d0: 6e67 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 6d6f 6475 ng multiple modu\n-000031e0: 6c65 732e 0a0a 4c6f 6164 2061 2063 6f6e les...Load a con\n-000031f0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 650a figuration file.\n-00003200: 2020 2020 2053 7570 706f 7274 2061 2068 Support a h\n-00003210: 756d 616e 2d72 6561 6461 626c 6520 7465 uman-readable te\n-00003220: 7874 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e xt configuration\n-00003230: 2066 696c 6520 7769 7468 2070 7265 7365 file with prese\n-00003240: 7420 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d t boot. comm\n-00003250: 616e 6473 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 616e 2061 ands. You can a\n-00003260: 6c73 6f20 6c6f 6164 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 lso load another\n-00003270: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n-00003280: 696c 6520 6479 6e61 6d69 6361 6c6c 790a ile dynamically.\n-00003290: 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2065 6d62 6564 2061 and embed a\n-000032a0: 2070 7265 7365 7420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 preset configur\n-000032b0: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 6e20 6120 ation file in a \n-000032c0: 4752 5542 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c 652e GRUB image file.\n-000032d0: 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 206c 6973 7420 The. list \n-000032e0: 6f66 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 282a 6e6f of commands (*no\n-000032f0: 7465 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a 3a29 2061 te Commands::) a\n-00003300: 7265 2061 2073 7570 6572 7365 7420 6f66 re a superset of\n-00003310: 2074 686f 7365 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 those. supp\n-00003320: 6f72 7465 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d orted on the com\n-00003330: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 652e 2020 416e 2065 mand-line. An e\n-00003340: 7861 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 xample configura\n-00003350: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6973 0a20 2020 tion file is. \n-00003360: 2020 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2069 6e20 2a6e provided in *n\n-00003370: 6f74 6520 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f ote Configuratio\n-00003380: 6e3a 3a2e 0a0a 5072 6f76 6964 6520 6120 n::...Provide a \n-00003390: 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a20 menu interface. \n-000033a0: 2020 2020 4120 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 A menu inter\n-000033b0: 6661 6365 206c 6973 7469 6e67 2070 7265 face listing pre\n-000033c0: 7365 7420 626f 6f74 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 set boot command\n-000033d0: 732c 2077 6974 6820 6120 7072 6f67 7261 s, with a progra\n-000033e0: 6d6d 6162 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 7469 6d65 mmable. time\n-000033f0: 6f75 742c 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c out, is availabl\n-00003400: 652e 2020 5468 6572 6520 6973 206e 6f20 e. There is no \n-00003410: 6669 7865 6420 6c69 6d69 7420 6f6e 2074 fixed limit on t\n-00003420: 6865 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 0a20 2020 he number of. \n-00003430: 2020 626f 6f74 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2c20 boot entries, \n-00003440: 616e 6420 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 and the current \n-00003450: 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2068 implementation h\n-00003460: 6173 2073 7061 6365 2066 6f72 2073 6576 as space for sev\n-00003470: 6572 616c 0a20 2020 2020 6875 6e64 7265 eral. hundre\n-00003480: 642e 0a0a 4861 7665 2061 2066 6c65 7869 d...Have a flexi\n-00003490: 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 ble command-line\n-000034a0: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a20 2020 2020 interface. \n-000034b0: 4120 6661 6972 6c79 2066 6c65 7869 626c A fairly flexibl\n-000034c0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2069 e command-line i\n-000034d0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 6163 6365 7373 nterface, access\n-000034e0: 6962 6c65 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6d65 ible from the me\n-000034f0: 6e75 2c0a 2020 2020 2069 7320 6176 6169 nu,. is avai\n-00003500: 6c61 626c 6520 746f 2065 6469 7420 616e lable to edit an\n-00003510: 7920 7072 6573 6574 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 y preset command\n-00003520: 732c 206f 7220 7772 6974 6520 6120 6e65 s, or write a ne\n-00003530: 7720 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d w boot. comm\n-00003540: 616e 6420 7365 7420 6672 6f6d 2073 6372 and set from scr\n-00003550: 6174 6368 2e20 2049 6620 6e6f 2063 6f6e atch. If no con\n-00003560: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 figuration file \n-00003570: 6973 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2c0a 2020 2020 is present,. \n-00003580: 2047 5255 4220 6472 6f70 7320 746f 2074 GRUB drops to t\n-00003590: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 652e he command-line.\n-000035a0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206c 6973 7420 .. The list \n-000035b0: 6f66 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 282a 6e6f of commands (*no\n-000035c0: 7465 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a 3a29 2061 te Commands::) a\n-000035d0: 7265 2061 2073 7562 7365 7420 6f66 2074 re a subset of t\n-000035e0: 686f 7365 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 6f72 hose. suppor\n-000035f0: 7465 6420 666f 7220 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ted for configur\n-00003600: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 732e 2020 4564 ation files. Ed\n-00003610: 6974 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2063 iting commands c\n-00003620: 6c6f 7365 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 7265 7365 losely. rese\n-00003630: 6d62 6c65 7320 7468 6520 4261 7368 2063 mbles the Bash c\n-00003640: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 282a 6e6f ommand-line (*no\n-00003650: 7465 2042 6173 683a 2028 6665 6174 7572 te Bash: (featur\n-00003660: 6573 2943 6f6d 6d61 6e64 204c 696e 650a es)Command Line.\n-00003670: 2020 2020 2045 6469 7469 6e67 2e29 2c20 Editing.), \n-00003680: 7769 7468 203c 5441 423e 2d63 6f6d 706c with -compl\n-00003690: 6574 696f 6e20 6f66 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 etion of command\n-000036a0: 732c 2064 6576 6963 6573 2c20 7061 7274 s, devices, part\n-000036b0: 6974 696f 6e73 2c0a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 itions,. and\n-000036c0: 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 6120 6469 7265 files in a dire\n-000036d0: 6374 6f72 7920 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 ctory depending \n-000036e0: 6f6e 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 2e0a 0a53 7570 on context...Sup\n-000036f0: 706f 7274 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 6669 port multiple fi\n-00003700: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2074 7970 6573 0a20 lesystem types. \n-00003710: 2020 2020 5375 7070 6f72 7420 6d75 6c74 Support mult\n-00003720: 6970 6c65 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 iple filesystem \n-00003730: 7479 7065 7320 7472 616e 7370 6172 656e types transparen\n-00003740: 746c 792c 2070 6c75 7320 6120 7573 6566 tly, plus a usef\n-00003750: 756c 0a20 2020 2020 6578 706c 6963 6974 ul. explicit\n-00003760: 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 206e 6f74 6174 blocklist notat\n-00003770: 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 6520 6375 7272 656e ion. The curren\n-00003780: 746c 7920 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6669 tly supported fi\n-00003790: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 0a20 2020 2020 7479 lesystem. ty\n-000037a0: 7065 7320 6172 6520 e280 9c41 6d69 6761 pes are ...Amiga\n-000037b0: 2046 6173 7420 4669 6c65 5379 7374 656d Fast FileSystem\n-000037c0: 2028 4146 4653 29e2 809d 2c20 e280 9c41 (AFFS)..., ...A\n-000037d0: 7468 654f 5320 6673 e280 9d2c 20e2 809c theOS fs..., ...\n-000037e0: 4265 4653 e280 9d2c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 BeFS...,. ..\n-000037f0: 9c42 7472 4653 e280 9d20 2869 6e63 6c75 .BtrFS... (inclu\n-00003800: 6469 6e67 2072 6169 6430 2c20 7261 6964 ding raid0, raid\n-00003810: 312c 2072 6169 6431 302c 2067 7a69 7020 1, raid10, gzip \n-00003820: 616e 6420 6c7a 6f29 2c20 e280 9c63 7069 and lzo), ...cpi\n-00003830: 6fe2 809d 0a20 2020 2020 286c 6974 746c o.... (littl\n-00003840: 652d 2061 6e64 2062 6967 2d65 6e64 6961 e- and big-endia\n-00003850: 6e20 6269 6e2c 206f 6463 2061 6e64 206e n bin, odc and n\n-00003860: 6577 6320 7661 7269 616e 7473 292c 20e2 ewc variants), .\n-00003870: 809c 4c69 6e75 780a 2020 2020 2065 7874 ..Linux. ext\n-00003880: 322f 6578 7433 2f65 7874 34e2 809d 2c20 2/ext3/ext4..., \n-00003890: e280 9c44 4f53 2046 4154 3132 2f46 4154 ...DOS FAT12/FAT\n-000038a0: 3136 2f46 4154 3332 e280 9d2c 20e2 809c 16/FAT32..., ...\n-000038b0: 6578 4641 54e2 809d 2c20 e280 9c46 3246 exFAT..., ...F2F\n-000038c0: 53e2 809d 2c20 e280 9c48 4653 e280 9d2c S..., ...HFS...,\n-000038d0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9c48 4653 2be2 809d . ...HFS+...\n-000038e0: 2c20 e280 9c49 534f 3936 3630 e280 9d20 , ...ISO9660... \n-000038f0: 2869 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 204a 6f6c 6965 (including Jolie\n-00003900: 742c 2052 6f63 6b2d 7269 6467 6520 616e t, Rock-ridge an\n-00003910: 6420 6d75 6c74 692d 6368 756e 6b0a 2020 d multi-chunk. \n-00003920: 2020 2066 696c 6573 292c 20e2 809c 4a46 files), ...JF\n-00003930: 53e2 809d 2c20 e280 9c4d 696e 6978 2066 S..., ...Minix f\n-00003940: 73e2 809d 2028 7665 7273 696f 6e73 2031 s... (versions 1\n-00003950: 2c20 3220 616e 6420 3329 2c20 e280 9c6e , 2 and 3), ...n\n-00003960: 696c 6673 32e2 809d 2c20 e280 9c4e 5446 ilfs2..., ...NTF\n-00003970: 53e2 809d 0a20 2020 2020 2869 6e63 6c75 S.... (inclu\n-00003980: 6469 6e67 2063 6f6d 7072 6573 7369 6f6e ding compression\n-00003990: 292c 20e2 809c 5265 6973 6572 4653 e280 ), ...ReiserFS..\n-000039a0: 9d2c 20e2 809c 524f 4d46 53e2 809d 2c20 ., ...ROMFS..., \n-000039b0: e280 9c41 6d69 6761 2053 6d61 7274 0a20 ...Amiga Smart. \n-000039c0: 2020 2020 4669 6c65 5379 7374 656d 2028 FileSystem (\n-000039d0: 5346 5329 e280 9d2c 20e2 809c 5371 7561 SFS)..., ...Squa\n-000039e0: 7368 34e2 809d 2c20 e280 9c74 6172 e280 sh4..., ...tar..\n-000039f0: 9d2c 20e2 809c 5544 46e2 809d 2c20 e280 ., ...UDF..., ..\n-00003a00: 9c42 5344 2055 4653 2f55 4653 32e2 809d .BSD UFS/UFS2...\n-00003a10: 2c20 e280 9c58 4653 e280 9d2c 0a20 2020 , ...XFS...,. \n-00003a20: 2020 616e 6420 e280 9c5a 4653 e280 9d20 and ...ZFS... \n-00003a30: 2869 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 206c 7a6a 622c (including lzjb,\n-00003a40: 2067 7a69 702c 207a 6c65 2c20 6d69 7272 gzip, zle, mirr\n-00003a50: 6f72 2c20 7374 7269 7065 2c20 7261 6964 or, stripe, raid\n-00003a60: 7a31 2f32 2f33 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 z1/2/3. and \n-00003a70: 656e 6372 7970 7469 6f6e 2069 6e20 4145 encryption in AE\n-00003a80: 532d 4343 4d20 616e 6420 4145 532d 4743 S-CCM and AES-GC\n-00003a90: 4d29 2e20 2a4e 6f74 6520 4669 6c65 7379 M). *Note Filesy\n-00003aa0: 7374 656d 3a3a 2c20 666f 720a 2020 2020 stem::, for. \n-00003ab0: 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f more informatio\n-00003ac0: 6e2e 0a0a 5375 7070 6f72 7420 6175 746f n...Support auto\n-00003ad0: 6d61 7469 6320 6465 636f 6d70 7265 7373 matic decompress\n-00003ae0: 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2043 616e 2064 6563 ion. Can dec\n-00003af0: 6f6d 7072 6573 7320 6669 6c65 7320 7768 ompress files wh\n-00003b00: 6963 6820 7765 7265 2063 6f6d 7072 6573 ich were compres\n-00003b10: 7365 6420 6279 20e2 8098 677a 6970 e280 sed by ...gzip..\n-00003b20: 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 787a e280 9928 3229 . or ...xz...(2)\n-00003b30: 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2046 6561 . (*note Fea\n-00003b40: 7475 7265 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d32 tures-Footnote-2\n-00003b50: 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 6973 2066 756e 6374 ::). This funct\n-00003b60: 696f 6e20 6973 2062 6f74 6820 6175 746f ion is both auto\n-00003b70: 6d61 7469 6320 616e 640a 2020 2020 2074 matic and. t\n-00003b80: 7261 6e73 7061 7265 6e74 2074 6f20 7468 ransparent to th\n-00003b90: 6520 7573 6572 2028 692e 652e 2020 616c e user (i.e. al\n-00003ba0: 6c20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 6f70 6572 l functions oper\n-00003bb0: 6174 6520 7570 6f6e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ate upon the. \n-00003bc0: 2020 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 2063 uncompressed c\n-00003bd0: 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2073 ontents of the s\n-00003be0: 7065 6369 6669 6564 2066 696c 6573 292e pecified files).\n-00003bf0: 2020 5468 6973 2067 7265 6174 6c79 0a20 This greatly. \n-00003c00: 2020 2020 7265 6475 6365 7320 6120 6669 reduces a fi\n-00003c10: 6c65 2073 697a 6520 616e 6420 6c6f 6164 le size and load\n-00003c20: 696e 6720 7469 6d65 2c20 6120 7061 7274 ing time, a part\n-00003c30: 6963 756c 6172 6c79 2067 7265 6174 2062 icularly great b\n-00003c40: 656e 6566 6974 0a20 2020 2020 666f 7220 enefit. for \n-00003c50: 666c 6f70 7069 6573 2e28 3329 2020 282a floppies.(3) (*\n-00003c60: 6e6f 7465 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f note Features-Fo\n-00003c70: 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d33 3a3a 290a 0a20 2020 otnote-3::).. \n-00003c80: 2020 4974 2069 7320 636f 6e63 6569 7661 It is conceiva\n-00003c90: 626c 6520 7468 6174 2073 6f6d 6520 6b65 ble that some ke\n-00003ca0: 726e 656c 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2073 686f rnel modules sho\n-00003cb0: 756c 6420 6265 206c 6f61 6465 6420 696e uld be loaded in\n-00003cc0: 2061 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d70 7265 7373 a. compress\n-00003cd0: 6564 2073 7461 7465 2c20 736f 2061 2064 ed state, so a d\n-00003ce0: 6966 6665 7265 6e74 206d 6f64 756c 652d ifferent module-\n-00003cf0: 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 loading command \n-00003d00: 6361 6e20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 can be. spec\n-00003d10: 6966 6965 6420 746f 2061 766f 6964 2075 ified to avoid u\n-00003d20: 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7369 6e67 2074 6865 ncompressing the\n-00003d30: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2e0a 0a41 6363 6573 modules...Acces\n-00003d40: 7320 6461 7461 206f 6e20 616e 7920 696e s data on any in\n-00003d50: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6465 7669 6365 0a20 stalled device. \n-00003d60: 2020 2020 5375 7070 6f72 7420 7265 6164 Support read\n-00003d70: 696e 6720 6461 7461 2066 726f 6d20 616e ing data from an\n-00003d80: 7920 6f72 2061 6c6c 2066 6c6f 7070 6965 y or all floppie\n-00003d90: 7320 6f72 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b 2873 s or hard disk(s\n-00003da0: 290a 2020 2020 2072 6563 6f67 6e69 7a65 ). recognize\n-00003db0: 6420 6279 2074 6865 2042 494f 532c 2069 d by the BIOS, i\n-00003dc0: 6e64 6570 656e 6465 6e74 206f 6620 7468 ndependent of th\n-00003dd0: 6520 7365 7474 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 e setting of the\n-00003de0: 2072 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2064 6576 6963 root. devic\n-00003df0: 652e 0a0a 4265 2069 6e64 6570 656e 6465 e...Be independe\n-00003e00: 6e74 206f 6620 6472 6976 6520 6765 6f6d nt of drive geom\n-00003e10: 6574 7279 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e etry translation\n-00003e20: 730a 2020 2020 2055 6e6c 696b 6520 6d61 s. Unlike ma\n-00003e30: 6e79 206f 7468 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f ny other boot lo\n-00003e40: 6164 6572 732c 2047 5255 4220 6d61 6b65 aders, GRUB make\n-00003e50: 7320 7468 6520 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 s the particular\n-00003e60: 2064 7269 7665 0a20 2020 2020 7472 616e drive. tran\n-00003e70: 736c 6174 696f 6e20 6972 7265 6c65 7661 slation irreleva\n-00003e80: 6e74 2e20 2041 2064 7269 7665 2069 6e73 nt. A drive ins\n-00003e90: 7461 6c6c 6564 2061 6e64 2072 756e 6e69 talled and runni\n-00003ea0: 6e67 2077 6974 6820 6f6e 650a 2020 2020 ng with one. \n-00003eb0: 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 translation may\n-00003ec0: 2062 6520 636f 6e76 6572 7465 6420 746f be converted to\n-00003ed0: 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 another transla\n-00003ee0: 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 686f 7574 2061 6e79 tion without any\n-00003ef0: 0a20 2020 2020 6164 7665 7273 6520 6566 . adverse ef\n-00003f00: 6665 6374 7320 6f72 2063 6861 6e67 6573 fects or changes\n-00003f10: 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2773 2063 6f6e 6669 in GRUB's confi\n-00003f20: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a44 6574 6563 guration...Detec\n-00003f30: 7420 616c 6c20 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 t all installed \n-00003f40: 5241 4d0a 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 6361 RAM. GRUB ca\n-00003f50: 6e20 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 6669 6e64 n generally find\n-00003f60: 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c all the install\n-00003f70: 6564 2052 414d 206f 6e20 6120 5043 2d63 ed RAM on a PC-c\n-00003f80: 6f6d 7061 7469 626c 650a 2020 2020 206d ompatible. m\n-00003f90: 6163 6869 6e65 2e20 2049 7420 7573 6573 achine. It uses\n-00003fa0: 2061 6e20 6164 7661 6e63 6564 2042 494f an advanced BIO\n-00003fb0: 5320 7175 6572 7920 7465 6368 6e69 7175 S query techniqu\n-00003fc0: 6520 666f 7220 6669 6e64 696e 6720 616c e for finding al\n-00003fd0: 6c0a 2020 2020 206d 656d 6f72 7920 7265 l. memory re\n-00003fe0: 6769 6f6e 732e 2020 4173 2064 6573 6372 gions. As descr\n-00003ff0: 6962 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 4d75 6c74 ibed on the Mult\n-00004000: 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 6563 6966 6963 6174 iboot Specificat\n-00004010: 696f 6e20 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 ion (*note. \n-00004020: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 6563 6966 Multiboot Specif\n-00004030: 6963 6174 696f 6e3a 2028 6d75 6c74 6962 ication: (multib\n-00004040: 6f6f 7429 546f 702e 292c 206e 6f74 2061 oot)Top.), not a\n-00004050: 6c6c 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 206d 616b 6520 ll kernels make \n-00004060: 7573 650a 2020 2020 206f 6620 7468 6973 use. of this\n-00004070: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2c20 6275 information, bu\n-00004080: 7420 4752 5542 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 t GRUB provides \n-00004090: 6974 2066 6f72 2074 686f 7365 2077 686f it for those who\n-000040a0: 2064 6f2e 0a0a 5375 7070 6f72 7420 4c6f do...Support Lo\n-000040b0: 6769 6361 6c20 426c 6f63 6b20 4164 6472 gical Block Addr\n-000040c0: 6573 7320 6d6f 6465 0a20 2020 2020 496e ess mode. In\n-000040d0: 2074 7261 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2064 6973 traditional dis\n-000040e0: 6b20 6361 6c6c 7320 2863 616c 6c65 6420 k calls (called \n-000040f0: e280 9c43 4853 206d 6f64 65e2 809d 292c ...CHS mode...),\n-00004100: 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 6120 6765 6f6d there is a geom\n-00004110: 6574 7279 0a20 2020 2020 7472 616e 736c etry. transl\n-00004120: 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6f62 6c65 6d2c 2074 ation problem, t\n-00004130: 6861 7420 6973 2c20 7468 6520 4249 4f53 hat is, the BIOS\n-00004140: 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6163 6365 7373 206f cannot access o\n-00004150: 7665 7220 3130 3234 0a20 2020 2020 6379 ver 1024. cy\n-00004160: 6c69 6e64 6572 732c 2073 6f20 7468 6520 linders, so the \n-00004170: 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 2073 7061 6365 accessible space\n-00004180: 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 746f 2061 is limited to a\n-00004190: 7420 6c65 6173 7420 3530 3820 4d42 0a20 t least 508 MB. \n-000041a0: 2020 2020 616e 6420 746f 2061 7420 6d6f and to at mo\n-000041b0: 7374 2038 4742 2e20 4752 5542 2063 616e st 8GB. GRUB can\n-000041c0: 2774 2075 6e69 7665 7273 616c 6c79 2073 't universally s\n-000041d0: 6f6c 7665 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f62 6c65 olve this proble\n-000041e0: 6d2c 2061 730a 2020 2020 2074 6865 7265 m, as. there\n-000041f0: 2069 7320 6e6f 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 is no standard \n-00004200: 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 7573 6564 2069 interface used i\n-00004210: 6e20 616c 6c20 6d61 6368 696e 6573 2e20 n all machines. \n-00004220: 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c0a 2020 2020 2073 However,. s\n-00004230: 6576 6572 616c 206e 6577 6572 206d 6163 everal newer mac\n-00004240: 6869 6e65 7320 6861 7665 2074 6865 206e hines have the n\n-00004250: 6577 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 4c6f ew interface, Lo\n-00004260: 6769 6361 6c20 426c 6f63 6b0a 2020 2020 gical Block. \n-00004270: 2041 6464 7265 7373 2028 e280 9c4c 4241 Address (...LBA\n-00004280: e280 9d29 206d 6f64 652e 2020 4752 5542 ...) mode. GRUB\n-00004290: 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2064 automatically d\n-000042a0: 6574 6563 7473 2069 6620 4c42 4120 6d6f etects if LBA mo\n-000042b0: 6465 2069 730a 2020 2020 2061 7661 696c de is. avail\n-000042c0: 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 2075 7365 7320 6974 able and uses it\n-000042d0: 2069 6620 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 if available. \n-000042e0: 496e 204c 4241 206d 6f64 652c 2047 5255 In LBA mode, GRU\n-000042f0: 4220 6361 6e20 6163 6365 7373 0a20 2020 B can access. \n-00004300: 2020 7468 6520 656e 7469 7265 2064 6973 the entire dis\n-00004310: 6b2e 0a0a 5375 7070 6f72 7420 6e65 7477 k...Support netw\n-00004320: 6f72 6b20 626f 6f74 696e 670a 2020 2020 ork booting. \n-00004330: 2047 5255 4220 6973 2062 6173 6963 616c GRUB is basical\n-00004340: 6c79 2061 2064 6973 6b2d 6261 7365 6420 ly a disk-based \n-00004350: 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 6275 7420 boot loader but \n-00004360: 616c 736f 2068 6173 206e 6574 776f 726b also has network\n-00004370: 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 6f72 742e 2020 . support. \n-00004380: 596f 7520 6361 6e20 6c6f 6164 204f 5320 You can load OS \n-00004390: 696d 6167 6573 2066 726f 6d20 6120 6e65 images from a ne\n-000043a0: 7477 6f72 6b20 6279 2075 7369 6e67 2074 twork by using t\n-000043b0: 6865 20e2 809c 5446 5450 e280 9d0a 2020 he ...TFTP.... \n-000043c0: 2020 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c2e 0a0a 5375 protocol...Su\n-000043d0: 7070 6f72 7420 7265 6d6f 7465 2074 6572 pport remote ter\n-000043e0: 6d69 6e61 6c73 0a20 2020 2020 546f 2073 minals. To s\n-000043f0: 7570 706f 7274 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 7273 upport computers\n-00004400: 2077 6974 6820 6e6f 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 with no console\n-00004410: 2c20 4752 5542 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 , GRUB provides \n-00004420: 7265 6d6f 7465 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c0a remote terminal.\n-00004430: 2020 2020 2073 7570 706f 7274 2c20 736f support, so\n-00004440: 2074 6861 7420 796f 7520 6361 6e20 636f that you can co\n-00004450: 6e74 726f 6c20 4752 5542 2066 726f 6d20 ntrol GRUB from \n-00004460: 6120 7265 6d6f 7465 2068 6f73 742e 2020 a remote host. \n-00004470: 4f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7269 616c Only. serial\n-00004480: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7375 7070 6f72 terminal suppor\n-00004490: 7420 6973 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6564 t is implemented\n-000044a0: 2061 7420 7468 6520 6d6f 6d65 6e74 2e0a at the moment..\n-000044b0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-000044c0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2046 6561 7475 fo, Node: Featu\n-000044d0: 7265 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 732c 2020 res-Footnotes, \n-000044e0: 5570 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 0a0a 2020 Up: Features.. \n-000044f0: 2028 3129 2054 6865 204e 6574 4253 442f (1) The NetBSD/\n-00004500: 6933 3836 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6973 204d i386 kernel is M\n-00004510: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2d63 6f6d 706c 6961 ultiboot-complia\n-00004520: 6e74 2c20 6275 7420 6c61 636b 7320 7375 nt, but lacks su\n-00004530: 7070 6f72 740a 666f 7220 4d75 6c74 6962 pport.for Multib\n-00004540: 6f6f 7420 6d6f 6475 6c65 732e 0a0a 2020 oot modules... \n-00004550: 2028 3229 204f 6e6c 7920 4352 4333 3220 (2) Only CRC32 \n-00004560: 6461 7461 2069 6e74 6567 7269 7479 2063 data integrity c\n-00004570: 6865 636b 2069 7320 7375 7070 6f72 7465 heck is supporte\n-00004580: 6420 2878 7a20 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 d (xz default is\n-00004590: 2043 5243 3634 0a73 6f20 6f6e 6520 7368 CRC64.so one sh\n-000045a0: 6f75 6c64 2075 7365 202d 6368 6563 6b3d ould use -check=\n-000045b0: 6372 6333 3220 6f70 7469 6f6e 292e 2020 crc32 option). \n-000045c0: 4c5a 4d41 2042 434a 2066 696c 7465 7273 LZMA BCJ filters\n-000045d0: 2061 7265 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 2e0a are supported..\n-000045e0: 0a20 2020 2833 2920 5468 6572 6520 6172 . (3) There ar\n-000045f0: 6520 6120 6665 7720 7061 7468 6f6c 6f67 e a few patholog\n-00004600: 6963 616c 2063 6173 6573 2077 6865 7265 ical cases where\n-00004610: 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 2076 6572 7920 loading a very \n-00004620: 6261 646c 790a 6f72 6761 6e69 7a65 6420 badly.organized \n-00004630: 454c 4620 6b65 726e 656c 206d 6967 6874 ELF kernel might\n-00004640: 2074 616b 6520 6c6f 6e67 6572 2c20 6275 take longer, bu\n-00004650: 7420 696e 2070 7261 6374 6963 6520 7468 t in practice th\n-00004660: 6973 206e 6576 6572 0a68 6170 7065 6e2e is never.happen.\n-00004670: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00004680: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 526f 6c65 nfo, Node: Role\n-00004690: 206f 6620 6120 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 of a boot loade\n-000046a0: 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4665 6174 7572 r, Prev: Featur\n-000046b0: 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e74 726f 6475 es, Up: Introdu\n-000046c0: 6374 696f 6e0a 0a31 2e35 2054 6865 2072 ction..1.5 The r\n-000046d0: 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f ole of a boot lo\n-000046e0: 6164 6572 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ader.===========\n+000021d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 ===========..GRU\n+000021e0: 4220 3220 6973 2061 2072 6577 7269 7465 B 2 is a rewrite\n+000021f0: 206f 6620 4752 5542 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 of GRUB (*note \n+00002200: 4869 7374 6f72 793a 3a29 2c20 616c 7468 History::), alth\n+00002210: 6f75 6768 2069 7420 7368 6172 6573 206d ough it shares m\n+00002220: 616e 790a 6368 6172 6163 7465 7269 7374 any.characterist\n+00002230: 6963 7320 7769 7468 2074 6865 2070 7265 ics with the pre\n+00002240: 7669 6f75 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e2c 206e vious version, n\n+00002250: 6f77 206b 6e6f 776e 2061 7320 4752 5542 ow known as GRUB\n+00002260: 204c 6567 6163 792e 0a55 7365 7273 206f Legacy..Users o\n+00002270: 6620 4752 5542 204c 6567 6163 7920 6d61 f GRUB Legacy ma\n+00002280: 7920 6e65 6564 2073 6f6d 6520 6775 6964 y need some guid\n+00002290: 616e 6365 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 2074 6865 ance to find the\n+000022a0: 6972 2077 6179 2061 726f 756e 640a 7468 ir way around.th\n+000022b0: 6973 206e 6577 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2e0a is new version..\n+000022c0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 5468 6520 636f 6e66 . ... The conf\n+000022d0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2068 iguration file h\n+000022e0: 6173 2061 206e 6577 206e 616d 6520 28e2 as a new name (.\n+000022f0: 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 7261 ..grub.cfg... ra\n+00002300: 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 ther than. .\n+00002310: 8098 6d65 6e75 2e6c 7374 e280 9920 6f72 ..menu.lst... or\n+00002320: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6f6e 66e2 8099 ...grub.conf...\n+00002330: 292c 206e 6577 2073 796e 7461 7820 282a ), new syntax (*\n+00002340: 6e6f 7465 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 note Configurati\n+00002350: 6f6e 3a3a 2920 616e 640a 2020 2020 206d on::) and. m\n+00002360: 616e 7920 6e65 7720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 any new commands\n+00002370: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 (*note Commands\n+00002380: 3a3a 292e 2020 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 ::). Configurat\n+00002390: 696f 6e20 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 650a 2020 ion cannot be. \n+000023a0: 2020 2063 6f70 6965 6420 6f76 6572 2064 copied over d\n+000023b0: 6972 6563 746c 792c 2061 6c74 686f 7567 irectly, althoug\n+000023c0: 6820 6d6f 7374 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 h most GRUB Lega\n+000023d0: 6379 2075 7365 7273 2073 686f 756c 6420 cy users should \n+000023e0: 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2066 696e 6420 7468 not. find th\n+000023f0: 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2074 6f6f 2073 7572 e syntax too sur\n+00002400: 7072 6973 696e 672e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 prising... ...\n+00002410: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 ...grub.cfg... \n+00002420: 6973 2074 7970 6963 616c 6c79 2061 7574 is typically aut\n+00002430: 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2067 656e 6572 omatically gener\n+00002440: 6174 6564 2062 7920 e280 9867 7275 622d ated by ...grub-\n+00002450: 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 990a 2020 2020 mkconfig.... \n+00002460: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 (*note Simple c\n+00002470: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e onfiguration::).\n+00002480: 2020 5468 6973 206d 616b 6573 2069 7420 This makes it \n+00002490: 6561 7369 6572 2074 6f20 6861 6e64 6c65 easier to handle\n+000024a0: 0a20 2020 2020 7665 7273 696f 6e65 6420 . versioned \n+000024b0: 6b65 726e 656c 2075 7067 7261 6465 732e kernel upgrades.\n+000024c0: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2050 6172 7469 7469 .. ... Partiti\n+000024d0: 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7273 2069 6e20 4752 on numbers in GR\n+000024e0: 5542 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 UB device names \n+000024f0: 6e6f 7720 7374 6172 7420 6174 2031 2c20 now start at 1, \n+00002500: 6e6f 7420 3020 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 not 0 (*note. \n+00002510: 2020 4e61 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 Naming convent\n+00002520: 696f 6e3a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 ion::)... ... \n+00002530: 5468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f The configuratio\n+00002540: 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 7320 6e6f 7720 7772 n file is now wr\n+00002550: 6974 7465 6e20 696e 2073 6f6d 6574 6869 itten in somethi\n+00002560: 6e67 2063 6c6f 7365 7220 746f 2061 2066 ng closer to a f\n+00002570: 756c 6c0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 6970 7469 ull. scripti\n+00002580: 6e67 206c 616e 6775 6167 653a 2076 6172 ng language: var\n+00002590: 6961 626c 6573 2c20 636f 6e64 6974 696f iables, conditio\n+000025a0: 6e61 6c73 2c20 616e 6420 6c6f 6f70 7320 nals, and loops \n+000025b0: 6172 650a 2020 2020 2061 7661 696c 6162 are. availab\n+000025c0: 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4120 736d le... ... A sm\n+000025d0: 616c 6c20 616d 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 7065 all amount of pe\n+000025e0: 7273 6973 7465 6e74 2073 746f 7261 6765 rsistent storage\n+000025f0: 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6163 is available ac\n+00002600: 726f 7373 2072 6562 6f6f 7473 2c0a 2020 ross reboots,. \n+00002610: 2020 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 using the ...\n+00002620: 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 e280 9920 616e 6420 save_env... and \n+00002630: e280 986c 6f61 645f 656e 76e2 8099 2063 ...load_env... c\n+00002640: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 696e 2047 5255 4220 ommands in GRUB \n+00002650: 616e 6420 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 and the. ...\n+00002660: 6772 7562 2d65 6469 7465 6e76 e280 9920 grub-editenv... \n+00002670: 7574 696c 6974 792e 2020 5468 6973 2069 utility. This i\n+00002680: 7320 6e6f 7420 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 s not available \n+00002690: 696e 2061 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 in all. conf\n+000026a0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e73 2028 2a6e 6f74 igurations (*not\n+000026b0: 6520 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c e Environment bl\n+000026c0: 6f63 6b3a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 ock::)... ... \n+000026d0: 4752 5542 2032 2068 6173 206d 6f72 6520 GRUB 2 has more \n+000026e0: 7265 6c69 6162 6c65 2077 6179 7320 746f reliable ways to\n+000026f0: 2066 696e 6420 6974 7320 6f77 6e20 6669 find its own fi\n+00002700: 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7468 6f73 6520 6f66 les and those of\n+00002710: 0a20 2020 2020 7461 7267 6574 206b 6572 . target ker\n+00002720: 6e65 6c73 206f 6e20 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 nels on multiple\n+00002730: 2d64 6973 6b20 7379 7374 656d 732c 2061 -disk systems, a\n+00002740: 6e64 2068 6173 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 nd has commands \n+00002750: 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6172 (*note. sear\n+00002760: 6368 3a3a 2920 746f 2066 696e 6420 6465 ch::) to find de\n+00002770: 7669 6365 7320 7573 696e 6720 6669 6c65 vices using file\n+00002780: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6c61 6265 6c73 206f system labels o\n+00002790: 7220 556e 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 790a 2020 r Universally. \n+000027a0: 2020 2055 6e69 7175 6520 4964 656e 7469 Unique Identi\n+000027b0: 6669 6572 7320 2855 5549 4473 292e 0a0a fiers (UUIDs)...\n+000027c0: 2020 20e2 80a2 2047 5255 4220 3220 6973 ... GRUB 2 is\n+000027d0: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 2073 available for s\n+000027e0: 6576 6572 616c 206f 7468 6572 2074 7970 everal other typ\n+000027f0: 6573 206f 6620 7379 7374 656d 2069 6e20 es of system in \n+00002800: 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 746f addition. to\n+00002810: 2074 6865 2050 4320 4249 4f53 2073 7973 the PC BIOS sys\n+00002820: 7465 6d73 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 2062 tems supported b\n+00002830: 7920 4752 5542 204c 6567 6163 793a 2050 y GRUB Legacy: P\n+00002840: 4320 4546 492c 2050 430a 2020 2020 2063 C EFI, PC. c\n+00002850: 6f72 6562 6f6f 742c 2050 6f77 6572 5043 oreboot, PowerPC\n+00002860: 2c20 5350 4152 432c 2061 6e64 204d 4950 , SPARC, and MIP\n+00002870: 5320 4c65 6d6f 7465 2059 6565 6c6f 6f6e S Lemote Yeeloon\n+00002880: 6720 6172 6520 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 2073 g are all. s\n+00002890: 7570 706f 7274 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 upported... ..\n+000028a0: a220 4d61 6e79 206d 6f72 6520 6669 6c65 . Many more file\n+000028b0: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2061 7265 2073 7570 systems are sup\n+000028c0: 706f 7274 6564 2c20 696e 636c 7564 696e ported, includin\n+000028d0: 6720 6275 7420 6e6f 7420 6c69 6d69 7465 g but not limite\n+000028e0: 6420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6578 7434 2c20 d to. ext4, \n+000028f0: 4846 532b 2c20 616e 6420 4e54 4653 2e0a HFS+, and NTFS..\n+00002900: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4752 5542 2032 2063 . ... GRUB 2 c\n+00002910: 616e 2072 6561 6420 6669 6c65 7320 6469 an read files di\n+00002920: 7265 6374 6c79 2066 726f 6d20 4c56 4d20 rectly from LVM \n+00002930: 616e 6420 5241 4944 2064 6576 6963 6573 and RAID devices\n+00002940: 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4120 6772 6170 ... ... A grap\n+00002950: 6869 6361 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c 2061 hical terminal a\n+00002960: 6e64 2061 2067 7261 7068 6963 616c 206d nd a graphical m\n+00002970: 656e 7520 7379 7374 656d 2061 7265 2061 enu system are a\n+00002980: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 vailable... ..\n+00002990: a220 4752 5542 2032 2773 2069 6e74 6572 . GRUB 2's inter\n+000029a0: 6661 6365 2063 616e 2062 6520 7472 616e face can be tran\n+000029b0: 736c 6174 6564 2c20 696e 636c 7564 696e slated, includin\n+000029c0: 6720 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 206e 616d g menu entry nam\n+000029d0: 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 5468 6520 es... ... The \n+000029e0: 696d 6167 6520 6669 6c65 7320 282a 6e6f image files (*no\n+000029f0: 7465 2049 6d61 6765 733a 3a29 2074 6861 te Images::) tha\n+00002a00: 7420 6d61 6b65 2075 7020 4752 5542 2068 t make up GRUB h\n+00002a10: 6176 6520 6265 656e 0a20 2020 2020 7265 ave been. re\n+00002a20: 6f72 6761 6e69 7365 643b 2053 7461 6765 organised; Stage\n+00002a30: 2031 2c20 5374 6167 6520 312e 352c 2061 1, Stage 1.5, a\n+00002a40: 6e64 2053 7461 6765 2032 2061 7265 206e nd Stage 2 are n\n+00002a50: 6f20 6d6f 7265 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 o more... ... \n+00002a60: 4752 5542 2032 2070 7574 7320 6d61 6e79 GRUB 2 puts many\n+00002a70: 2066 6163 696c 6974 6965 7320 696e 2064 facilities in d\n+00002a80: 796e 616d 6963 616c 6c79 206c 6f61 6465 ynamically loade\n+00002a90: 6420 6d6f 6475 6c65 732c 2061 6c6c 6f77 d modules, allow\n+00002aa0: 696e 670a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2063 6f72 ing. the cor\n+00002ab0: 6520 696d 6167 6520 746f 2062 6520 736d e image to be sm\n+00002ac0: 616c 6c65 722c 2061 6e64 2061 6c6c 6f77 aller, and allow\n+00002ad0: 696e 6720 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 ing the core ima\n+00002ae0: 6765 2074 6f20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 6275 ge to be. bu\n+00002af0: 696c 7420 696e 206d 6f72 6520 666c 6578 ilt in more flex\n+00002b00: 6962 6c65 2077 6179 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 ible ways.....Fi\n+00002b10: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00002b20: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 2c20 Node: Features, \n+00002b30: 204e 6578 743a 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 Next: Role of a\n+00002b40: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 2050 boot loader, P\n+00002b50: 7265 763a 2043 6861 6e67 6573 2066 726f rev: Changes fro\n+00002b60: 6d20 4752 5542 204c 6567 6163 792c 2020 m GRUB Legacy, \n+00002b70: 5570 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e Up: Introduction\n+00002b80: 0a0a 312e 3420 4752 5542 2066 6561 7475 ..1.4 GRUB featu\n+00002b90: 7265 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d res.============\n+00002ba0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 7269 6d61 =====..The prima\n+00002bb0: 7279 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 2066 ry requirement f\n+00002bc0: 6f72 2047 5255 4220 6973 2074 6861 7420 or GRUB is that \n+00002bd0: 6974 2062 6520 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 7420 it be compliant \n+00002be0: 7769 7468 2074 6865 0ae2 809c 4d75 6c74 with the....Mult\n+00002bf0: 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 6563 6966 6963 6174 iboot Specificat\n+00002c00: 696f 6ee2 809d 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6973 ion..., which is\n+00002c10: 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 2069 6e20 2a6e described in *n\n+00002c20: 6f74 6520 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 740a 5370 ote Multiboot.Sp\n+00002c30: 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e3a 2028 6d75 ecification: (mu\n+00002c40: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7429 546f 702e 0a0a 2020 ltiboot)Top... \n+00002c50: 2054 6865 206f 7468 6572 2067 6f61 6c73 The other goals\n+00002c60: 2c20 6c69 7374 6564 2069 6e20 6170 7072 , listed in appr\n+00002c70: 6f78 696d 6174 6520 6f72 6465 7220 6f66 oximate order of\n+00002c80: 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e63 652c 2061 7265 importance, are\n+00002c90: 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4261 7369 6320 :.. ... Basic \n+00002ca0: 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 6d75 7374 2062 functions must b\n+00002cb0: 6520 7374 7261 6967 6874 666f 7277 6172 e straightforwar\n+00002cc0: 6420 666f 7220 656e 642d 7573 6572 732e d for end-users.\n+00002cd0: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2052 6963 6820 6675 .. ... Rich fu\n+00002ce0: 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 6974 7920 746f 2073 nctionality to s\n+00002cf0: 7570 706f 7274 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6578 upport kernel ex\n+00002d00: 7065 7274 7320 616e 6420 6465 7369 676e perts and design\n+00002d10: 6572 732e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2042 6163 ers... ... Bac\n+00002d20: 6b77 6172 6420 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c kward compatibil\n+00002d30: 6974 7920 666f 7220 626f 6f74 696e 6720 ity for booting \n+00002d40: 4672 6565 4253 442c 204e 6574 4253 442c FreeBSD, NetBSD,\n+00002d50: 204f 7065 6e42 5344 2c20 616e 640a 2020 OpenBSD, and. \n+00002d60: 2020 204c 696e 7578 2e20 2050 726f 7072 Linux. Propr\n+00002d70: 6965 7461 7279 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2028 ietary kernels (\n+00002d80: 7375 6368 2061 7320 444f 532c 2057 696e such as DOS, Win\n+00002d90: 646f 7773 204e 542c 2061 6e64 204f 532f dows NT, and OS/\n+00002da0: 3229 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 2) are. supp\n+00002db0: 6f72 7465 6420 7669 6120 6120 6368 6169 orted via a chai\n+00002dc0: 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 6675 6e63 7469 n-loading functi\n+00002dd0: 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 4578 6365 7074 2066 on... Except f\n+00002de0: 6f72 2073 7065 6369 6669 6320 636f 6d70 or specific comp\n+00002df0: 6174 6962 696c 6974 7920 6d6f 6465 7320 atibility modes \n+00002e00: 2863 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 (chain-loading a\n+00002e10: 6e64 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 0ae2 809c nd the Linux....\n+00002e20: 7069 6767 7962 6163 6be2 809d 2066 6f72 piggyback... for\n+00002e30: 6d61 7429 2c20 616c 6c20 6b65 726e 656c mat), all kernel\n+00002e40: 7320 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7374 6172 7465 s will be starte\n+00002e50: 6420 696e 206d 7563 6820 7468 6520 7361 d in much the sa\n+00002e60: 6d65 2073 7461 7465 0a61 7320 696e 2074 me state.as in t\n+00002e70: 6865 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2053 7065 he Multiboot Spe\n+00002e80: 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2e20 204f 6e6c cification. Onl\n+00002e90: 7920 6b65 726e 656c 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 y kernels loaded\n+00002ea0: 2061 7420 3120 6d65 6761 6279 7465 206f at 1 megabyte o\n+00002eb0: 720a 6162 6f76 6520 6172 6520 7072 6573 r.above are pres\n+00002ec0: 656e 746c 7920 7375 7070 6f72 7465 642e ently supported.\n+00002ed0: 2020 416e 7920 6174 7465 6d70 7420 746f Any attempt to\n+00002ee0: 206c 6f61 6420 6265 6c6f 7720 7468 6174 load below that\n+00002ef0: 2062 6f75 6e64 6172 790a 7769 6c6c 2073 boundary.will s\n+00002f00: 696d 706c 7920 7265 7375 6c74 2069 6e20 imply result in \n+00002f10: 696d 6d65 6469 6174 6520 6661 696c 7572 immediate failur\n+00002f20: 6520 616e 6420 616e 2065 7272 6f72 206d e and an error m\n+00002f30: 6573 7361 6765 2072 6570 6f72 7469 6e67 essage reporting\n+00002f40: 0a74 6865 2070 726f 626c 656d 2e0a 0a20 .the problem... \n+00002f50: 2020 496e 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e20 746f In addition to\n+00002f60: 2074 6865 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 the requirement\n+00002f70: 7320 6162 6f76 652c 2047 5255 4220 6861 s above, GRUB ha\n+00002f80: 7320 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 670a s the following.\n+00002f90: 6665 6174 7572 6573 2028 6e6f 7465 2074 features (note t\n+00002fa0: 6861 7420 7468 6520 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f hat the Multiboo\n+00002fb0: 7420 5370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 t Specification \n+00002fc0: 646f 6573 6e27 7420 7265 7175 6972 6520 doesn't require \n+00002fd0: 616c 6c20 7468 650a 6665 6174 7572 6573 all the.features\n+00002fe0: 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 2073 7570 706f that GRUB suppo\n+00002ff0: 7274 7329 3a0a 0a52 6563 6f67 6e69 7a65 rts):..Recognize\n+00003000: 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 6578 6563 7574 multiple execut\n+00003010: 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 0a20 2020 able formats. \n+00003020: 2020 5375 7070 6f72 7420 6d61 6e79 206f Support many o\n+00003030: 6620 7468 6520 e280 9c61 2e6f 7574 e280 f the ...a.out..\n+00003040: 9d20 7661 7269 616e 7473 2070 6c75 7320 . variants plus \n+00003050: e280 9c45 4c46 e280 9d2e 2053 796d 626f ...ELF.... Symbo\n+00003060: 6c20 7461 626c 6573 2061 7265 0a20 2020 l tables are. \n+00003070: 2020 616c 736f 206c 6f61 6465 642e 0a0a also loaded...\n+00003080: 5375 7070 6f72 7420 6e6f 6e2d 4d75 6c74 Support non-Mult\n+00003090: 6962 6f6f 7420 6b65 726e 656c 730a 2020 iboot kernels. \n+000030a0: 2020 2053 7570 706f 7274 206d 616e 7920 Support many \n+000030b0: 6f66 2074 6865 2076 6172 696f 7573 2066 of the various f\n+000030c0: 7265 6520 3332 2d62 6974 206b 6572 6e65 ree 32-bit kerne\n+000030d0: 6c73 2074 6861 7420 6c61 636b 204d 756c ls that lack Mul\n+000030e0: 7469 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d70 tiboot. comp\n+000030f0: 6c69 616e 6365 2028 7072 696d 6172 696c liance (primaril\n+00003100: 7920 4672 6565 4253 442c 204e 6574 4253 y FreeBSD, NetBS\n+00003110: 4428 3129 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 D(1) (*note. \n+00003120: 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f Features-Footno\n+00003130: 7465 2d31 3a3a 292c 204f 7065 6e42 5344 te-1::), OpenBSD\n+00003140: 2c20 616e 6420 4c69 6e75 7829 2e20 2043 , and Linux). C\n+00003150: 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 206f 660a hain-loading of.\n+00003160: 2020 2020 206f 7468 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 other boot \n+00003170: 6c6f 6164 6572 7320 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 loaders is also \n+00003180: 7375 7070 6f72 7465 642e 0a0a 4c6f 6164 supported...Load\n+00003190: 206d 756c 7469 706c 6573 206d 6f64 756c multiples modul\n+000031a0: 6573 0a20 2020 2020 4675 6c6c 7920 7375 es. Fully su\n+000031b0: 7070 6f72 7420 7468 6520 4d75 6c74 6962 pport the Multib\n+000031c0: 6f6f 7420 6665 6174 7572 6520 6f66 206c oot feature of l\n+000031d0: 6f61 6469 6e67 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 oading multiple \n+000031e0: 6d6f 6475 6c65 732e 0a0a 4c6f 6164 2061 modules...Load a\n+000031f0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n+00003200: 696c 650a 2020 2020 2053 7570 706f 7274 ile. Support\n+00003210: 2061 2068 756d 616e 2d72 6561 6461 626c a human-readabl\n+00003220: 6520 7465 7874 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 e text configura\n+00003230: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 7769 7468 2070 tion file with p\n+00003240: 7265 7365 7420 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 reset boot. \n+00003250: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 commands. You c\n+00003260: 616e 2061 6c73 6f20 6c6f 6164 2061 6e6f an also load ano\n+00003270: 7468 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 ther configurati\n+00003280: 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6479 6e61 6d69 6361 on file dynamica\n+00003290: 6c6c 790a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2065 6d62 lly. and emb\n+000032a0: 6564 2061 2070 7265 7365 7420 636f 6e66 ed a preset conf\n+000032b0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 iguration file i\n+000032c0: 6e20 6120 4752 5542 2069 6d61 6765 2066 n a GRUB image f\n+000032d0: 696c 652e 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 206c ile. The. l\n+000032e0: 6973 7420 6f66 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 ist of commands \n+000032f0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a (*note Commands:\n+00003300: 3a29 2061 7265 2061 2073 7570 6572 7365 :) are a superse\n+00003310: 7420 6f66 2074 686f 7365 0a20 2020 2020 t of those. \n+00003320: 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 supported on the\n+00003330: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 652e 2020 command-line. \n+00003340: 416e 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 An example confi\n+00003350: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6973 guration file is\n+00003360: 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2069 . provided i\n+00003370: 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 436f 6e66 6967 7572 n *note Configur\n+00003380: 6174 696f 6e3a 3a2e 0a0a 5072 6f76 6964 ation::...Provid\n+00003390: 6520 6120 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 e a menu interfa\n+000033a0: 6365 0a20 2020 2020 4120 6d65 6e75 2069 ce. A menu i\n+000033b0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 206c 6973 7469 6e67 nterface listing\n+000033c0: 2070 7265 7365 7420 626f 6f74 2063 6f6d preset boot com\n+000033d0: 6d61 6e64 732c 2077 6974 6820 6120 7072 mands, with a pr\n+000033e0: 6f67 7261 6d6d 6162 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 ogrammable. \n+000033f0: 7469 6d65 6f75 742c 2069 7320 6176 6169 timeout, is avai\n+00003400: 6c61 626c 652e 2020 5468 6572 6520 6973 lable. There is\n+00003410: 206e 6f20 6669 7865 6420 6c69 6d69 7420 no fixed limit \n+00003420: 6f6e 2074 6865 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 on the number of\n+00003430: 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 2065 6e74 7269 . boot entri\n+00003440: 6573 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 6375 7272 es, and the curr\n+00003450: 656e 7420 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 ent implementati\n+00003460: 6f6e 2068 6173 2073 7061 6365 2066 6f72 on has space for\n+00003470: 2073 6576 6572 616c 0a20 2020 2020 6875 several. hu\n+00003480: 6e64 7265 642e 0a0a 4861 7665 2061 2066 ndred...Have a f\n+00003490: 6c65 7869 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d lexible command-\n+000034a0: 6c69 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a20 line interface. \n+000034b0: 2020 2020 4120 6661 6972 6c79 2066 6c65 A fairly fle\n+000034c0: 7869 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 xible command-li\n+000034d0: 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 6163 ne interface, ac\n+000034e0: 6365 7373 6962 6c65 2066 726f 6d20 7468 cessible from th\n+000034f0: 6520 6d65 6e75 2c0a 2020 2020 2069 7320 e menu,. is \n+00003500: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 746f 2065 6469 available to edi\n+00003510: 7420 616e 7920 7072 6573 6574 2063 6f6d t any preset com\n+00003520: 6d61 6e64 732c 206f 7220 7772 6974 6520 mands, or write \n+00003530: 6120 6e65 7720 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 a new boot. \n+00003540: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7365 7420 6672 6f6d command set from\n+00003550: 2073 6372 6174 6368 2e20 2049 6620 6e6f scratch. If no\n+00003560: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n+00003570: 696c 6520 6973 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2c0a ile is present,.\n+00003580: 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 6472 6f70 7320 GRUB drops \n+00003590: 746f 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c to the command-l\n+000035a0: 696e 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206c ine... The l\n+000035b0: 6973 7420 6f66 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 ist of commands \n+000035c0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a (*note Commands:\n+000035d0: 3a29 2061 7265 2061 2073 7562 7365 7420 :) are a subset \n+000035e0: 6f66 2074 686f 7365 0a20 2020 2020 7375 of those. su\n+000035f0: 7070 6f72 7465 6420 666f 7220 636f 6e66 pported for conf\n+00003600: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 732e iguration files.\n+00003610: 2020 4564 6974 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e Editing comman\n+00003620: 6473 2063 6c6f 7365 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 ds closely. \n+00003630: 7265 7365 6d62 6c65 7320 7468 6520 4261 resembles the Ba\n+00003640: 7368 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 sh command-line \n+00003650: 282a 6e6f 7465 2042 6173 683a 2028 6665 (*note Bash: (fe\n+00003660: 6174 7572 6573 2943 6f6d 6d61 6e64 204c atures)Command L\n+00003670: 696e 650a 2020 2020 2045 6469 7469 6e67 ine. Editing\n+00003680: 2e29 2c20 7769 7468 203c 5441 423e 2d63 .), with -c\n+00003690: 6f6d 706c 6574 696f 6e20 6f66 2063 6f6d ompletion of com\n+000036a0: 6d61 6e64 732c 2064 6576 6963 6573 2c20 mands, devices, \n+000036b0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 2c0a 2020 2020 partitions,. \n+000036c0: 2061 6e64 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 6120 and files in a \n+000036d0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6465 7065 6e64 directory depend\n+000036e0: 696e 6720 6f6e 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 2e0a ing on context..\n+000036f0: 0a53 7570 706f 7274 206d 756c 7469 706c .Support multipl\n+00003700: 6520 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2074 7970 e filesystem typ\n+00003710: 6573 0a20 2020 2020 5375 7070 6f72 7420 es. Support \n+00003720: 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2066 696c 6573 7973 multiple filesys\n+00003730: 7465 6d20 7479 7065 7320 7472 616e 7370 tem types transp\n+00003740: 6172 656e 746c 792c 2070 6c75 7320 6120 arently, plus a \n+00003750: 7573 6566 756c 0a20 2020 2020 6578 706c useful. expl\n+00003760: 6963 6974 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 206e icit blocklist n\n+00003770: 6f74 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 6520 6375 otation. The cu\n+00003780: 7272 656e 746c 7920 7375 7070 6f72 7465 rrently supporte\n+00003790: 6420 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 0a20 2020 d filesystem. \n+000037a0: 2020 7479 7065 7320 6172 6520 e280 9c41 types are ...A\n+000037b0: 6d69 6761 2046 6173 7420 4669 6c65 5379 miga Fast FileSy\n+000037c0: 7374 656d 2028 4146 4653 29e2 809d 2c20 stem (AFFS)..., \n+000037d0: e280 9c41 7468 654f 5320 6673 e280 9d2c ...AtheOS fs...,\n+000037e0: 20e2 809c 4265 4653 e280 9d2c 0a20 2020 ...BeFS...,. \n+000037f0: 2020 e280 9c42 7472 4653 e280 9d20 2869 ...BtrFS... (i\n+00003800: 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2072 6169 6430 2c20 ncluding raid0, \n+00003810: 7261 6964 312c 2072 6169 6431 302c 2067 raid1, raid10, g\n+00003820: 7a69 7020 616e 6420 6c7a 6f29 2c20 e280 zip and lzo), ..\n+00003830: 9c63 7069 6fe2 809d 0a20 2020 2020 286c .cpio.... (l\n+00003840: 6974 746c 652d 2061 6e64 2062 6967 2d65 ittle- and big-e\n+00003850: 6e64 6961 6e20 6269 6e2c 206f 6463 2061 ndian bin, odc a\n+00003860: 6e64 206e 6577 6320 7661 7269 616e 7473 nd newc variants\n+00003870: 292c 20e2 809c 4c69 6e75 780a 2020 2020 ), ...Linux. \n+00003880: 2065 7874 322f 6578 7433 2f65 7874 34e2 ext2/ext3/ext4.\n+00003890: 809d 2c20 e280 9c44 4f53 2046 4154 3132 .., ...DOS FAT12\n+000038a0: 2f46 4154 3136 2f46 4154 3332 e280 9d2c /FAT16/FAT32...,\n+000038b0: 20e2 809c 6578 4641 54e2 809d 2c20 e280 ...exFAT..., ..\n+000038c0: 9c46 3246 53e2 809d 2c20 e280 9c48 4653 .F2FS..., ...HFS\n+000038d0: e280 9d2c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9c48 4653 ...,. ...HFS\n+000038e0: 2be2 809d 2c20 e280 9c49 534f 3936 3630 +..., ...ISO9660\n+000038f0: e280 9d20 2869 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 204a ... (including J\n+00003900: 6f6c 6965 742c 2052 6f63 6b2d 7269 6467 oliet, Rock-ridg\n+00003910: 6520 616e 6420 6d75 6c74 692d 6368 756e e and multi-chun\n+00003920: 6b0a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6573 292c 20e2 k. files), .\n+00003930: 809c 4a46 53e2 809d 2c20 e280 9c4d 696e ..JFS..., ...Min\n+00003940: 6978 2066 73e2 809d 2028 7665 7273 696f ix fs... (versio\n+00003950: 6e73 2031 2c20 3220 616e 6420 3329 2c20 ns 1, 2 and 3), \n+00003960: e280 9c6e 696c 6673 32e2 809d 2c20 e280 ...nilfs2..., ..\n+00003970: 9c4e 5446 53e2 809d 0a20 2020 2020 2869 .NTFS.... (i\n+00003980: 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2063 6f6d 7072 6573 ncluding compres\n+00003990: 7369 6f6e 292c 20e2 809c 5265 6973 6572 sion), ...Reiser\n+000039a0: 4653 e280 9d2c 20e2 809c 524f 4d46 53e2 FS..., ...ROMFS.\n+000039b0: 809d 2c20 e280 9c41 6d69 6761 2053 6d61 .., ...Amiga Sma\n+000039c0: 7274 0a20 2020 2020 4669 6c65 5379 7374 rt. FileSyst\n+000039d0: 656d 2028 5346 5329 e280 9d2c 20e2 809c em (SFS)..., ...\n+000039e0: 5371 7561 7368 34e2 809d 2c20 e280 9c74 Squash4..., ...t\n+000039f0: 6172 e280 9d2c 20e2 809c 5544 46e2 809d ar..., ...UDF...\n+00003a00: 2c20 e280 9c42 5344 2055 4653 2f55 4653 , ...BSD UFS/UFS\n+00003a10: 32e2 809d 2c20 e280 9c58 4653 e280 9d2c 2..., ...XFS...,\n+00003a20: 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 e280 9c5a 4653 . and ...ZFS\n+00003a30: e280 9d20 2869 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 206c ... (including l\n+00003a40: 7a6a 622c 2067 7a69 702c 207a 6c65 2c20 zjb, gzip, zle, \n+00003a50: 6d69 7272 6f72 2c20 7374 7269 7065 2c20 mirror, stripe, \n+00003a60: 7261 6964 7a31 2f32 2f33 0a20 2020 2020 raidz1/2/3. \n+00003a70: 616e 6420 656e 6372 7970 7469 6f6e 2069 and encryption i\n+00003a80: 6e20 4145 532d 4343 4d20 616e 6420 4145 n AES-CCM and AE\n+00003a90: 532d 4743 4d29 2e20 2a4e 6f74 6520 4669 S-GCM). *Note Fi\n+00003aa0: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 3a3a 2c20 666f 720a lesystem::, for.\n+00003ab0: 2020 2020 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d more inform\n+00003ac0: 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 5375 7070 6f72 7420 ation...Support \n+00003ad0: 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6320 6465 636f 6d70 automatic decomp\n+00003ae0: 7265 7373 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2043 616e ression. Can\n+00003af0: 2064 6563 6f6d 7072 6573 7320 6669 6c65 decompress file\n+00003b00: 7320 7768 6963 6820 7765 7265 2063 6f6d s which were com\n+00003b10: 7072 6573 7365 6420 6279 20e2 8098 677a pressed by ...gz\n+00003b20: 6970 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 787a e280 ip... or ...xz..\n+00003b30: 9928 3229 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 .(2). (*note\n+00003b40: 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f Features-Footno\n+00003b50: 7465 2d32 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 6973 2066 te-2::). This f\n+00003b60: 756e 6374 696f 6e20 6973 2062 6f74 6820 unction is both \n+00003b70: 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6320 616e 640a 2020 automatic and. \n+00003b80: 2020 2074 7261 6e73 7061 7265 6e74 2074 transparent t\n+00003b90: 6f20 7468 6520 7573 6572 2028 692e 652e o the user (i.e.\n+00003ba0: 2020 616c 6c20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 all functions \n+00003bb0: 6f70 6572 6174 6520 7570 6f6e 2074 6865 operate upon the\n+00003bc0: 0a20 2020 2020 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 . uncompress\n+00003bd0: 6564 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 ed contents of t\n+00003be0: 6865 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2066 696c he specified fil\n+00003bf0: 6573 292e 2020 5468 6973 2067 7265 6174 es). This great\n+00003c00: 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6475 6365 7320 ly. reduces \n+00003c10: 6120 6669 6c65 2073 697a 6520 616e 6420 a file size and \n+00003c20: 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 7469 6d65 2c20 6120 loading time, a \n+00003c30: 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 6c79 2067 7265 particularly gre\n+00003c40: 6174 2062 656e 6566 6974 0a20 2020 2020 at benefit. \n+00003c50: 666f 7220 666c 6f70 7069 6573 2e28 3329 for floppies.(3)\n+00003c60: 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2046 6561 7475 7265 (*note Feature\n+00003c70: 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d33 3a3a 290a s-Footnote-3::).\n+00003c80: 0a20 2020 2020 4974 2069 7320 636f 6e63 . It is conc\n+00003c90: 6569 7661 626c 6520 7468 6174 2073 6f6d eivable that som\n+00003ca0: 6520 6b65 726e 656c 206d 6f64 756c 6573 e kernel modules\n+00003cb0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 206c 6f61 6465 should be loade\n+00003cc0: 6420 696e 2061 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d70 d in a. comp\n+00003cd0: 7265 7373 6564 2073 7461 7465 2c20 736f ressed state, so\n+00003ce0: 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 206d 6f64 a different mod\n+00003cf0: 756c 652d 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 636f 6d6d ule-loading comm\n+00003d00: 616e 6420 6361 6e20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 and can be. \n+00003d10: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 746f 2061 766f specified to avo\n+00003d20: 6964 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7369 6e67 id uncompressing\n+00003d30: 2074 6865 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2e0a 0a41 the modules...A\n+00003d40: 6363 6573 7320 6461 7461 206f 6e20 616e ccess data on an\n+00003d50: 7920 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6465 7669 y installed devi\n+00003d60: 6365 0a20 2020 2020 5375 7070 6f72 7420 ce. Support \n+00003d70: 7265 6164 696e 6720 6461 7461 2066 726f reading data fro\n+00003d80: 6d20 616e 7920 6f72 2061 6c6c 2066 6c6f m any or all flo\n+00003d90: 7070 6965 7320 6f72 2068 6172 6420 6469 ppies or hard di\n+00003da0: 736b 2873 290a 2020 2020 2072 6563 6f67 sk(s). recog\n+00003db0: 6e69 7a65 6420 6279 2074 6865 2042 494f nized by the BIO\n+00003dc0: 532c 2069 6e64 6570 656e 6465 6e74 206f S, independent o\n+00003dd0: 6620 7468 6520 7365 7474 696e 6720 6f66 f the setting of\n+00003de0: 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2064 the root. d\n+00003df0: 6576 6963 652e 0a0a 4265 2069 6e64 6570 evice...Be indep\n+00003e00: 656e 6465 6e74 206f 6620 6472 6976 6520 endent of drive \n+00003e10: 6765 6f6d 6574 7279 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 geometry transla\n+00003e20: 7469 6f6e 730a 2020 2020 2055 6e6c 696b tions. Unlik\n+00003e30: 6520 6d61 6e79 206f 7468 6572 2062 6f6f e many other boo\n+00003e40: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 732c 2047 5255 4220 t loaders, GRUB \n+00003e50: 6d61 6b65 7320 7468 6520 7061 7274 6963 makes the partic\n+00003e60: 756c 6172 2064 7269 7665 0a20 2020 2020 ular drive. \n+00003e70: 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e20 6972 7265 translation irre\n+00003e80: 6c65 7661 6e74 2e20 2041 2064 7269 7665 levant. A drive\n+00003e90: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2061 6e64 2072 installed and r\n+00003ea0: 756e 6e69 6e67 2077 6974 6820 6f6e 650a unning with one.\n+00003eb0: 2020 2020 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e translation\n+00003ec0: 206d 6179 2062 6520 636f 6e76 6572 7465 may be converte\n+00003ed0: 6420 746f 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2074 7261 d to another tra\n+00003ee0: 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 686f 7574 nslation without\n+00003ef0: 2061 6e79 0a20 2020 2020 6164 7665 7273 any. advers\n+00003f00: 6520 6566 6665 6374 7320 6f72 2063 6861 e effects or cha\n+00003f10: 6e67 6573 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2773 2063 nges in GRUB's c\n+00003f20: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a44 onfiguration...D\n+00003f30: 6574 6563 7420 616c 6c20 696e 7374 616c etect all instal\n+00003f40: 6c65 6420 5241 4d0a 2020 2020 2047 5255 led RAM. GRU\n+00003f50: 4220 6361 6e20 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 B can generally \n+00003f60: 6669 6e64 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2069 6e73 find all the ins\n+00003f70: 7461 6c6c 6564 2052 414d 206f 6e20 6120 talled RAM on a \n+00003f80: 5043 2d63 6f6d 7061 7469 626c 650a 2020 PC-compatible. \n+00003f90: 2020 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2e20 2049 7420 machine. It \n+00003fa0: 7573 6573 2061 6e20 6164 7661 6e63 6564 uses an advanced\n+00003fb0: 2042 494f 5320 7175 6572 7920 7465 6368 BIOS query tech\n+00003fc0: 6e69 7175 6520 666f 7220 6669 6e64 696e nique for findin\n+00003fd0: 6720 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 206d 656d 6f72 g all. memor\n+00003fe0: 7920 7265 6769 6f6e 732e 2020 4173 2064 y regions. As d\n+00003ff0: 6573 6372 6962 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 escribed on the \n+00004000: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 6563 6966 Multiboot Specif\n+00004010: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 ication (*note. \n+00004020: 2020 2020 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 Multiboot Sp\n+00004030: 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e3a 2028 6d75 ecification: (mu\n+00004040: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7429 546f 702e 292c 206e ltiboot)Top.), n\n+00004050: 6f74 2061 6c6c 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 206d ot all kernels m\n+00004060: 616b 6520 7573 650a 2020 2020 206f 6620 ake use. of \n+00004070: 7468 6973 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e this information\n+00004080: 2c20 6275 7420 4752 5542 2070 726f 7669 , but GRUB provi\n+00004090: 6465 7320 6974 2066 6f72 2074 686f 7365 des it for those\n+000040a0: 2077 686f 2064 6f2e 0a0a 5375 7070 6f72 who do...Suppor\n+000040b0: 7420 4c6f 6769 6361 6c20 426c 6f63 6b20 t Logical Block \n+000040c0: 4164 6472 6573 7320 6d6f 6465 0a20 2020 Address mode. \n+000040d0: 2020 496e 2074 7261 6469 7469 6f6e 616c In traditional\n+000040e0: 2064 6973 6b20 6361 6c6c 7320 2863 616c disk calls (cal\n+000040f0: 6c65 6420 e280 9c43 4853 206d 6f64 65e2 led ...CHS mode.\n+00004100: 809d 292c 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 6120 ..), there is a \n+00004110: 6765 6f6d 6574 7279 0a20 2020 2020 7472 geometry. tr\n+00004120: 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6f62 6c65 anslation proble\n+00004130: 6d2c 2074 6861 7420 6973 2c20 7468 6520 m, that is, the \n+00004140: 4249 4f53 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6163 6365 BIOS cannot acce\n+00004150: 7373 206f 7665 7220 3130 3234 0a20 2020 ss over 1024. \n+00004160: 2020 6379 6c69 6e64 6572 732c 2073 6f20 cylinders, so \n+00004170: 7468 6520 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 2073 the accessible s\n+00004180: 7061 6365 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 pace is limited \n+00004190: 746f 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 3530 3820 to at least 508 \n+000041a0: 4d42 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 746f 2061 MB. and to a\n+000041b0: 7420 6d6f 7374 2038 4742 2e20 4752 5542 t most 8GB. GRUB\n+000041c0: 2063 616e 2774 2075 6e69 7665 7273 616c can't universal\n+000041d0: 6c79 2073 6f6c 7665 2074 6869 7320 7072 ly solve this pr\n+000041e0: 6f62 6c65 6d2c 2061 730a 2020 2020 2074 oblem, as. t\n+000041f0: 6865 7265 2069 7320 6e6f 2073 7461 6e64 here is no stand\n+00004200: 6172 6420 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 7573 ard interface us\n+00004210: 6564 2069 6e20 616c 6c20 6d61 6368 696e ed in all machin\n+00004220: 6573 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c0a 2020 es. However,. \n+00004230: 2020 2073 6576 6572 616c 206e 6577 6572 several newer\n+00004240: 206d 6163 6869 6e65 7320 6861 7665 2074 machines have t\n+00004250: 6865 206e 6577 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 he new interface\n+00004260: 2c20 4c6f 6769 6361 6c20 426c 6f63 6b0a , Logical Block.\n+00004270: 2020 2020 2041 6464 7265 7373 2028 e280 Address (..\n+00004280: 9c4c 4241 e280 9d29 206d 6f64 652e 2020 .LBA...) mode. \n+00004290: 4752 5542 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c GRUB automatical\n+000042a0: 6c79 2064 6574 6563 7473 2069 6620 4c42 ly detects if LB\n+000042b0: 4120 6d6f 6465 2069 730a 2020 2020 2061 A mode is. a\n+000042c0: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 2075 7365 vailable and use\n+000042d0: 7320 6974 2069 6620 6176 6169 6c61 626c s it if availabl\n+000042e0: 652e 2020 496e 204c 4241 206d 6f64 652c e. In LBA mode,\n+000042f0: 2047 5255 4220 6361 6e20 6163 6365 7373 GRUB can access\n+00004300: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 656e 7469 7265 . the entire\n+00004310: 2064 6973 6b2e 0a0a 5375 7070 6f72 7420 disk...Support \n+00004320: 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 626f 6f74 696e 670a network booting.\n+00004330: 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 6973 2062 6173 GRUB is bas\n+00004340: 6963 616c 6c79 2061 2064 6973 6b2d 6261 ically a disk-ba\n+00004350: 7365 6420 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 sed boot loader \n+00004360: 6275 7420 616c 736f 2068 6173 206e 6574 but also has net\n+00004370: 776f 726b 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 6f72 work. suppor\n+00004380: 742e 2020 596f 7520 6361 6e20 6c6f 6164 t. You can load\n+00004390: 204f 5320 696d 6167 6573 2066 726f 6d20 OS images from \n+000043a0: 6120 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6279 2075 7369 a network by usi\n+000043b0: 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 809c 5446 5450 e280 ng the ...TFTP..\n+000043c0: 9d0a 2020 2020 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c2e .. protocol.\n+000043d0: 0a0a 5375 7070 6f72 7420 7265 6d6f 7465 ..Support remote\n+000043e0: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 0a20 2020 2020 terminals. \n+000043f0: 546f 2073 7570 706f 7274 2063 6f6d 7075 To support compu\n+00004400: 7465 7273 2077 6974 6820 6e6f 2063 6f6e ters with no con\n+00004410: 736f 6c65 2c20 4752 5542 2070 726f 7669 sole, GRUB provi\n+00004420: 6465 7320 7265 6d6f 7465 2074 6572 6d69 des remote termi\n+00004430: 6e61 6c0a 2020 2020 2073 7570 706f 7274 nal. support\n+00004440: 2c20 736f 2074 6861 7420 796f 7520 6361 , so that you ca\n+00004450: 6e20 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 4752 5542 2066 n control GRUB f\n+00004460: 726f 6d20 6120 7265 6d6f 7465 2068 6f73 rom a remote hos\n+00004470: 742e 2020 4f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 7365 t. Only. se\n+00004480: 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7375 rial terminal su\n+00004490: 7070 6f72 7420 6973 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 pport is impleme\n+000044a0: 6e74 6564 2061 7420 7468 6520 6d6f 6d65 nted at the mome\n+000044b0: 6e74 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 nt.....File: gru\n+000044c0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2046 b.info, Node: F\n+000044d0: 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 eatures-Footnote\n+000044e0: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 s, Up: Features\n+000044f0: 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 6865 204e 6574 .. (1) The Net\n+00004500: 4253 442f 6933 3836 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 BSD/i386 kernel \n+00004510: 6973 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2d63 6f6d is Multiboot-com\n+00004520: 706c 6961 6e74 2c20 6275 7420 6c61 636b pliant, but lack\n+00004530: 7320 7375 7070 6f72 740a 666f 7220 4d75 s support.for Mu\n+00004540: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 6d6f 6475 6c65 732e ltiboot modules.\n+00004550: 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 204f 6e6c 7920 4352 .. (2) Only CR\n+00004560: 4333 3220 6461 7461 2069 6e74 6567 7269 C32 data integri\n+00004570: 7479 2063 6865 636b 2069 7320 7375 7070 ty check is supp\n+00004580: 6f72 7465 6420 2878 7a20 6465 6661 756c orted (xz defaul\n+00004590: 7420 6973 2043 5243 3634 0a73 6f20 6f6e t is CRC64.so on\n+000045a0: 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2075 7365 202d 6368 e should use -ch\n+000045b0: 6563 6b3d 6372 6333 3220 6f70 7469 6f6e eck=crc32 option\n+000045c0: 292e 2020 4c5a 4d41 2042 434a 2066 696c ). LZMA BCJ fil\n+000045d0: 7465 7273 2061 7265 2073 7570 706f 7274 ters are support\n+000045e0: 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2833 2920 5468 6572 ed... (3) Ther\n+000045f0: 6520 6172 6520 6120 6665 7720 7061 7468 e are a few path\n+00004600: 6f6c 6f67 6963 616c 2063 6173 6573 2077 ological cases w\n+00004610: 6865 7265 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 2076 here loading a v\n+00004620: 6572 7920 6261 646c 790a 6f72 6761 6e69 ery badly.organi\n+00004630: 7a65 6420 454c 4620 6b65 726e 656c 206d zed ELF kernel m\n+00004640: 6967 6874 2074 616b 6520 6c6f 6e67 6572 ight take longer\n+00004650: 2c20 6275 7420 696e 2070 7261 6374 6963 , but in practic\n+00004660: 6520 7468 6973 206e 6576 6572 0a68 6170 e this never.hap\n+00004670: 7065 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 pen.....File: gr\n+00004680: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00004690: 526f 6c65 206f 6620 6120 626f 6f74 206c Role of a boot l\n+000046a0: 6f61 6465 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4665 oader, Prev: Fe\n+000046b0: 6174 7572 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e74 atures, Up: Int\n+000046c0: 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e0a 0a31 2e35 2054 roduction..1.5 T\n+000046d0: 6865 2072 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f he role of a boo\n+000046e0: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d t loader.=======\n 000046f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00004700: 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e ==..The followin\n-00004710: 6720 6973 2061 2071 756f 7461 7469 6f6e g is a quotation\n-00004720: 2066 726f 6d20 476f 7264 6f6e 204d 6174 from Gordon Mat\n-00004730: 7a69 676b 6569 742c 2061 2047 5255 4220 zigkeit, a GRUB \n-00004740: 6661 6e61 7469 633a 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 fanatic:.. S\n-00004750: 6f6d 6520 7065 6f70 6c65 206c 696b 6520 ome people like \n-00004760: 746f 2061 636b 6e6f 776c 6564 6765 2062 to acknowledge b\n-00004770: 6f74 6820 7468 6520 6f70 6572 6174 696e oth the operatin\n-00004780: 6720 7379 7374 656d 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 g system and. \n-00004790: 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2077 6865 6e20 7468 kernel when th\n-000047a0: 6579 2074 616c 6b20 6162 6f75 7420 7468 ey talk about th\n-000047b0: 6569 7220 636f 6d70 7574 6572 732c 2073 eir computers, s\n-000047c0: 6f20 7468 6579 206d 6967 6874 2073 6179 o they might say\n-000047d0: 2074 6865 790a 2020 2020 2075 7365 2022 they. use \"\n-000047e0: 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7822 206f 7220 2247 GNU/Linux\" or \"G\n-000047f0: 4e55 2f48 7572 6422 2e20 204f 7468 6572 NU/Hurd\". Other\n-00004800: 2070 656f 706c 6520 7365 656d 2074 6f20 people seem to \n-00004810: 7468 696e 6b20 7468 6174 2074 6865 0a20 think that the. \n-00004820: 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2069 7320 7468 kernel is th\n-00004830: 6520 6d6f 7374 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 e most important\n-00004840: 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2073 7973 part of the sys\n-00004850: 7465 6d2c 2073 6f20 7468 6579 206c 696b tem, so they lik\n-00004860: 6520 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6361 6c6c 2074 e to. call t\n-00004870: 6865 6972 2047 4e55 206f 7065 7261 7469 heir GNU operati\n-00004880: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2022 4c69 6e75 ng systems \"Linu\n-00004890: 7820 7379 7374 656d 732e 220a 0a20 2020 x systems.\".. \n-000048a0: 2020 492c 2070 6572 736f 6e61 6c6c 792c I, personally,\n-000048b0: 2062 656c 6965 7665 2074 6861 7420 7468 believe that th\n-000048c0: 6973 2069 7320 6120 6772 6176 6520 696e is is a grave in\n-000048d0: 6a75 7374 6963 652c 2062 6563 6175 7365 justice, because\n-000048e0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 5f62 6f6f 7420 the. _boot \n-000048f0: 6c6f 6164 6572 5f20 6973 2074 6865 206d loader_ is the m\n-00004900: 6f73 7420 696d 706f 7274 616e 7420 736f ost important so\n-00004910: 6674 7761 7265 206f 6620 616c 6c2e 2020 ftware of all. \n-00004920: 4920 7573 6564 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2072 I used to. r\n-00004930: 6566 6572 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6162 6f76 efer to the abov\n-00004940: 6520 7379 7374 656d 7320 6173 2065 6974 e systems as eit\n-00004950: 6865 7220 224c 494c 4f22 2831 2920 282a her \"LILO\"(1) (*\n-00004960: 6e6f 7465 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 0a20 note Role of a. \n-00004970: 2020 2020 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 722d boot loader-\n-00004980: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 3a3a 2920 6f72 Footnote-1::) or\n-00004990: 2022 4752 5542 2220 7379 7374 656d 732e \"GRUB\" systems.\n-000049a0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2055 6e66 6f72 7475 6e61 .. Unfortuna\n-000049b0: 7465 6c79 2c20 6e6f 626f 6479 2065 7665 tely, nobody eve\n-000049c0: 7220 756e 6465 7273 746f 6f64 2077 6861 r understood wha\n-000049d0: 7420 4920 7761 7320 7461 6c6b 696e 6720 t I was talking \n-000049e0: 6162 6f75 743b 206e 6f77 0a20 2020 2020 about; now. \n-000049f0: 4920 6a75 7374 2075 7365 2074 6865 2077 I just use the w\n-00004a00: 6f72 6420 2247 4e55 2220 6173 2061 2070 ord \"GNU\" as a p\n-00004a10: 7365 7564 6f6e 796d 2066 6f72 2047 5255 seudonym for GRU\n-00004a20: 422e 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 6f2c 2069 6620 B... So, if \n-00004a30: 796f 7520 6576 6572 2068 6561 7220 7065 you ever hear pe\n-00004a40: 6f70 6c65 2074 616c 6b69 6e67 2061 626f ople talking abo\n-00004a50: 7574 2074 6865 6972 2061 6c6c 6567 6564 ut their alleged\n-00004a60: 2022 474e 5522 0a20 2020 2020 7379 7374 \"GNU\". syst\n-00004a70: 656d 732c 2072 656d 656d 6265 7220 7468 ems, remember th\n-00004a80: 6174 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 6163 7475 at they are actu\n-00004a90: 616c 6c79 2070 6179 696e 6720 686f 6d61 ally paying homa\n-00004aa0: 6765 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6265 7374 0a20 ge to the best. \n-00004ab0: 2020 2020 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 boot loader \n-00004ac0: 6172 6f75 6e64 2e2e 2e20 4752 5542 210a around... GRUB!.\n-00004ad0: 0a20 2020 5765 2c20 7468 6520 4752 5542 . We, the GRUB\n-00004ae0: 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 2c20 646f maintainers, do\n-00004af0: 206e 6f74 2028 7573 7561 6c6c 7929 2065 not (usually) e\n-00004b00: 6e63 6f75 7261 6765 2047 6f72 646f 6e27 ncourage Gordon'\n-00004b10: 7320 6c65 7665 6c0a 6f66 2066 616e 6174 s level.of fanat\n-00004b20: 6963 6973 6d2c 2062 7574 2069 7420 6865 icism, but it he\n-00004b30: 6c70 7320 746f 2072 656d 656d 6265 7220 lps to remember \n-00004b40: 7468 6174 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 that boot loader\n-00004b50: 7320 6465 7365 7276 650a 7265 636f 676e s deserve.recogn\n-00004b60: 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 5765 2068 6f70 6520 ition. We hope \n-00004b70: 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2065 6e6a 6f79 2075 that you enjoy u\n-00004b80: 7369 6e67 2047 4e55 2047 5255 4220 6173 sing GNU GRUB as\n-00004b90: 206d 7563 6820 6173 2077 6520 6469 640a much as we did.\n-00004ba0: 7772 6974 696e 6720 6974 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 writing it.....F\n-00004bb0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00004bc0: 204e 6f64 653a 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 Node: Role of a\n-00004bd0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2d46 6f6f boot loader-Foo\n-00004be0: 746e 6f74 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2052 6f6c tnotes, Up: Rol\n-00004bf0: 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 e of a boot load\n-00004c00: 6572 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 6865 204c er.. (1) The L\n-00004c10: 496e 7578 204c 4f61 6465 722c 2061 2062 Inux LOader, a b\n-00004c20: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2074 6861 7420 oot loader that \n-00004c30: 6576 6572 7962 6f64 7920 7573 6573 2c20 everybody uses, \n-00004c40: 6275 7420 6e6f 626f 6479 0a6c 696b 6573 but nobody.likes\n-00004c50: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00004c60: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204e 616d info, Node: Nam\n-00004c70: 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 2c20 ing convention, \n-00004c80: 204e 6578 743a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 Next: OS-specif\n-00004c90: 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2061 626f 7574 2067 ic notes about g\n-00004ca0: 7275 6220 746f 6f6c 732c 2020 5072 6576 rub tools, Prev\n-00004cb0: 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 2c20 : Introduction, \n-00004cc0: 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3220 4e61 6d69 Up: Top..2 Nami\n-00004cd0: 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e0a 2a2a ng convention.**\n-00004ce0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00004cf0: 2a0a 0a54 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 7379 *..The device sy\n-00004d00: 6e74 6178 2075 7365 6420 696e 2047 5255 ntax used in GRU\n-00004d10: 4220 6973 2061 2077 6565 2062 6974 2064 B is a wee bit d\n-00004d20: 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2066 726f 6d20 7768 ifferent from wh\n-00004d30: 6174 2079 6f75 206d 6179 0a68 6176 6520 at you may.have \n-00004d40: 7365 656e 2062 6566 6f72 6520 696e 2079 seen before in y\n-00004d50: 6f75 7220 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 our operating sy\n-00004d60: 7374 656d 2873 292c 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 stem(s), and you\n-00004d70: 206e 6565 6420 746f 206b 6e6f 7720 6974 need to know it\n-00004d80: 2073 6f0a 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2063 616e so.that you can\n-00004d90: 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 2064 7269 7665 specify a drive\n-00004da0: 2f70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 /partition... \n-00004db0: 4c6f 6f6b 2061 7420 7468 6520 666f 6c6c Look at the foll\n-00004dc0: 6f77 696e 6720 6578 616d 706c 6573 2061 owing examples a\n-00004dd0: 6e64 2065 7870 6c61 6e61 7469 6f6e 733a nd explanations:\n-00004de0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 6664 3029 0a0a 2020 .. (fd0).. \n-00004df0: 2046 6972 7374 206f 6620 616c 6c2c 2047 First of all, G\n-00004e00: 5255 4220 7265 7175 6972 6573 2074 6861 RUB requires tha\n-00004e10: 7420 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d t the device nam\n-00004e20: 6520 6265 2065 6e63 6c6f 7365 6420 7769 e be enclosed wi\n-00004e30: 7468 20e2 8098 28e2 8099 0a61 6e64 20e2 th ...(....and .\n-00004e40: 8098 29e2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 ..).... The ...\n-00004e50: 6664 e280 9920 7061 7274 206d 6561 6e73 fd... part means\n-00004e60: 2074 6861 7420 6974 2069 7320 6120 666c that it is a fl\n-00004e70: 6f70 7079 2064 6973 6b2e 2020 5468 6520 oppy disk. The \n-00004e80: 6e75 6d62 6572 20e2 8098 30e2 8099 0a69 number ...0....i\n-00004e90: 7320 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 s the drive numb\n-00004ea0: 6572 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6973 2063 6f75 er, which is cou\n-00004eb0: 6e74 6564 2066 726f 6d20 5f7a 6572 6f5f nted from _zero_\n-00004ec0: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6578 7072 6573 7369 . This expressi\n-00004ed0: 6f6e 0a6d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 4752 on.means that GR\n-00004ee0: 5542 2077 696c 6c20 7573 6520 7468 6520 UB will use the \n-00004ef0: 7768 6f6c 6520 666c 6f70 7079 2064 6973 whole floppy dis\n-00004f00: 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 6864 302c 6d73 k... (hd0,ms\n-00004f10: 646f 7332 290a 0a20 2020 4865 7265 2c20 dos2).. Here, \n-00004f20: e280 9868 64e2 8099 206d 6561 6e73 2069 ...hd... means i\n-00004f30: 7420 6973 2061 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b t is a hard disk\n-00004f40: 2064 7269 7665 2e20 2054 6865 2066 6972 drive. The fir\n-00004f50: 7374 2069 6e74 6567 6572 20e2 8098 30e2 st integer ...0.\n-00004f60: 8099 0a69 6e64 6963 6174 6573 2074 6865 ...indicates the\n-00004f70: 2064 7269 7665 206e 756d 6265 722c 2074 drive number, t\n-00004f80: 6861 7420 6973 2c20 7468 6520 6669 7273 hat is, the firs\n-00004f90: 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b2c 2074 6865 t hard disk, the\n-00004fa0: 2073 7472 696e 670a e280 986d 7364 6f73 string....msdos\n-00004fb0: e280 9920 696e 6469 6361 7465 7320 7468 ... indicates th\n-00004fc0: 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7363 6865 e partition sche\n-00004fd0: 6d65 2c20 7768 696c 6520 7468 6520 7365 me, while the se\n-00004fe0: 636f 6e64 2069 6e74 6567 6572 2c20 e280 cond integer, ..\n-00004ff0: 9832 e280 992c 0a69 6e64 6963 6174 6573 .2...,.indicates\n-00005000: 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206e the partition n\n-00005010: 756d 6265 7220 286f 7220 7468 6520 5043 umber (or the PC\n-00005020: 2073 6c69 6365 206e 756d 6265 7220 696e slice number in\n-00005030: 2074 6865 2042 5344 0a74 6572 6d69 6e6f the BSD.termino\n-00005040: 6c6f 6779 292e 2020 5468 6520 7061 7274 logy). The part\n-00005050: 6974 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 6172 ition numbers ar\n-00005060: 6520 636f 756e 7465 6420 6672 6f6d 205f e counted from _\n-00005070: 6f6e 655f 2c20 6e6f 7420 6672 6f6d 0a7a one_, not from.z\n-00005080: 6572 6f20 2861 7320 7761 7320 7468 6520 ero (as was the \n-00005090: 6361 7365 2069 6e20 7072 6576 696f 7573 case in previous\n-000050a0: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2047 5255 versions of GRU\n-000050b0: 4229 2e20 5468 6973 2065 7870 7265 7373 B). This express\n-000050c0: 696f 6e0a 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 7365 ion.means the se\n-000050d0: 636f 6e64 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f cond partition o\n-000050e0: 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 f the first hard\n-000050f0: 2064 6973 6b20 6472 6976 652e 2020 496e disk drive. In\n-00005100: 2074 6869 7320 6361 7365 2c0a 4752 5542 this case,.GRUB\n-00005110: 2075 7365 7320 6f6e 6520 7061 7274 6974 uses one partit\n-00005120: 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b2c ion of the disk,\n-00005130: 2069 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 7468 6520 instead of the \n-00005140: 7768 6f6c 6520 6469 736b 2e0a 0a20 2020 whole disk... \n-00005150: 2020 2868 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 3529 0a0a (hd0,msdos5)..\n-00005160: 2020 2054 6869 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 This specifie\n-00005170: 7320 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 e280 9c65 s the first ...e\n-00005180: 7874 656e 6465 6420 7061 7274 6974 696f xtended partitio\n-00005190: 6ee2 809d 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 n... of the firs\n-000051a0: 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b0a 6472 6976 t hard disk.driv\n-000051b0: 652e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 7468 e. Note that th\n-000051c0: 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 e partition numb\n-000051d0: 6572 7320 666f 7220 6578 7465 6e64 6564 ers for extended\n-000051e0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 650a partitions are.\n-000051f0: 636f 756e 7465 6420 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 counted from ...\n-00005200: 35e2 8099 2c20 7265 6761 7264 6c65 7373 5..., regardless\n-00005210: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6163 7475 616c 206e of the actual n\n-00005220: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2070 7269 6d61 7279 umber of primary\n-00005230: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 730a 6f6e 2079 partitions.on y\n-00005240: 6f75 7220 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b2e 0a0a our hard disk...\n-00005250: 2020 2020 2028 6864 312c 6d73 646f 7331 (hd1,msdos1\n-00005260: 2c62 7364 3129 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 ,bsd1).. This \n-00005270: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 4253 4420 e280 means the BSD ..\n-00005280: 9861 e280 9920 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 .a... partition \n-00005290: 6f6e 2066 6972 7374 2050 4320 736c 6963 on first PC slic\n-000052a0: 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7468 650a e number of the.\n-000052b0: 7365 636f 6e64 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b second hard disk\n-000052c0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4f66 2063 6f75 7273 652c ... Of course,\n-000052d0: 2074 6f20 6163 7475 616c 6c79 2061 6363 to actually acc\n-000052e0: 6573 7320 7468 6520 6469 736b 7320 6f72 ess the disks or\n-000052f0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 7769 7468 partitions with\n-00005300: 2047 5255 422c 2079 6f75 0a6e 6565 6420 GRUB, you.need \n-00005310: 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 to use the devic\n-00005320: 6520 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 e specification \n-00005330: 696e 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2c20 6c69 in a command, li\n-00005340: 6b65 20e2 8098 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 ke ...set root=(\n-00005350: 6664 3029 e280 990a 6f72 20e2 8098 7061 fd0)....or ...pa\n-00005360: 7274 746f 6f6c 2028 6864 302c 6d73 646f rttool (hd0,msdo\n-00005370: 7333 2920 6869 6464 656e 2de2 8099 2e20 s3) hidden-.... \n-00005380: 2054 6f20 6865 6c70 2079 6f75 2066 696e To help you fin\n-00005390: 6420 6f75 7420 7768 6963 6820 6e75 6d62 d out which numb\n-000053a0: 6572 0a73 7065 6369 6669 6573 2061 2070 er.specifies a p\n-000053b0: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2079 6f75 2077 616e artition you wan\n-000053c0: 742c 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 636f 6d6d t, the GRUB comm\n-000053d0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a and-line (*note.\n-000053e0: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2069 6e74 Command-line int\n-000053f0: 6572 6661 6365 3a3a 2920 6f70 7469 6f6e erface::) option\n-00005400: 7320 6861 7665 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 s have argument \n-00005410: 636f 6d70 6c65 7469 6f6e 2e20 2054 6869 completion. Thi\n-00005420: 7320 6d65 616e 730a 7468 6174 2c20 666f s means.that, fo\n-00005430: 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2079 6f75 206f r example, you o\n-00005440: 6e6c 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7479 7065 nly need to type\n-00005450: 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 6574 2072 6f6f 743d .. set root=\n-00005460: 280a 0a20 2020 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 (.. followed b\n-00005470: 7920 6120 3c54 4142 3e2c 2061 6e64 2047 y a , and G\n-00005480: 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2064 6973 706c 6179 RUB will display\n-00005490: 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2064 7269 the list of dri\n-000054a0: 7665 732c 0a70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 732c ves,.partitions,\n-000054b0: 206f 7220 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6573 2e20 or file names. \n-000054c0: 2053 6f20 6974 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 So it should be\n-000054d0: 2071 7569 7465 2065 6173 7920 746f 2064 quite easy to d\n-000054e0: 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 2074 6865 0a6e 616d etermine the.nam\n-000054f0: 6520 6f66 2079 6f75 7220 7461 7267 6574 e of your target\n-00005500: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 6576 656e partition, even\n-00005510: 2077 6974 6820 6d69 6e69 6d61 6c20 6b6e with minimal kn\n-00005520: 6f77 6c65 6467 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a73 owledge of the.s\n-00005530: 796e 7461 782e 0a0a 2020 204e 6f74 6520 yntax... Note \n-00005540: 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 646f 6573 205f that GRUB does _\n-00005550: 6e6f 745f 2064 6973 7469 6e67 7569 7368 not_ distinguish\n-00005560: 2049 4445 2066 726f 6d20 5343 5349 202d IDE from SCSI -\n-00005570: 2069 7420 7369 6d70 6c79 0a63 6f75 6e74 it simply.count\n-00005580: 7320 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 s the drive numb\n-00005590: 6572 7320 6672 6f6d 207a 6572 6f2c 2072 ers from zero, r\n-000055a0: 6567 6172 646c 6573 7320 6f66 2074 6865 egardless of the\n-000055b0: 6972 2074 7970 652e 2020 4e6f 726d 616c ir type. Normal\n-000055c0: 6c79 2c0a 616e 7920 4944 4520 6472 6976 ly,.any IDE driv\n-000055d0: 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 2069 7320 6c65 7373 e number is less\n-000055e0: 2074 6861 6e20 616e 7920 5343 5349 2064 than any SCSI d\n-000055f0: 7269 7665 206e 756d 6265 722c 2061 6c74 rive number, alt\n-00005600: 686f 7567 6820 7468 6174 0a69 7320 6e6f hough that.is no\n-00005610: 7420 7472 7565 2069 6620 796f 7520 6368 t true if you ch\n-00005620: 616e 6765 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7365 ange the boot se\n-00005630: 7175 656e 6365 2062 7920 7377 6170 7069 quence by swappi\n-00005640: 6e67 2049 4445 2061 6e64 2053 4353 490a ng IDE and SCSI.\n-00005650: 6472 6976 6573 2069 6e20 796f 7572 2042 drives in your B\n-00005660: 494f 532e 0a0a 2020 204e 6f77 2074 6865 IOS... Now the\n-00005670: 2071 7565 7374 696f 6e20 6973 2c20 686f question is, ho\n-00005680: 7720 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 2066 w to specify a f\n-00005690: 696c 653f 2020 4167 6169 6e2c 2063 6f6e ile? Again, con\n-000056a0: 7369 6465 7220 616e 0a65 7861 6d70 6c65 sider an.example\n-000056b0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 2c6d 7364 :.. (hd0,msd\n-000056c0: 6f73 3129 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a 0a0a 2020 os1)/vmlinuz.. \n-000056d0: 2054 6869 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 This specifies \n-000056e0: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6564 20e2 the file named .\n-000056f0: 8098 766d 6c69 6e75 7ae2 8099 2c20 666f ..vmlinuz..., fo\n-00005700: 756e 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 und on the first\n-00005710: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a6f 6620 7468 partition.of th\n-00005720: 6520 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 e first hard dis\n-00005730: 6b20 6472 6976 652e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 k drive. Note t\n-00005740: 6861 7420 7468 6520 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 hat the argument\n-00005750: 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 696f 6e20 776f 726b completion work\n-00005760: 730a 7769 7468 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 s.with file name\n-00005770: 732c 2074 6f6f 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6174 s, too... That\n-00005780: 2077 6173 2065 6173 792c 2061 646d 6974 was easy, admit\n-00005790: 2069 742e 2020 4e6f 7720 7265 6164 2074 it. Now read t\n-000057a0: 6865 206e 6578 7420 6368 6170 7465 722c he next chapter,\n-000057b0: 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 206f 7574 2068 6f77 to find out how\n-000057c0: 0a74 6f20 6163 7475 616c 6c79 2069 6e73 .to actually ins\n-000057d0: 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 6f6e 2079 6f75 tall GRUB on you\n-000057e0: 7220 6472 6976 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 r drive.....File\n-000057f0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00005800: 6465 3a20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 de: OS-specific \n-00005810: 6e6f 7465 7320 6162 6f75 7420 6772 7562 notes about grub\n-00005820: 2074 6f6f 6c73 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 tools, Next: I\n-00005830: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 nstallation, Pr\n-00005840: 6576 3a20 4e61 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 ev: Naming conve\n-00005850: 6e74 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a ntion, Up: Top.\n-00005860: 0a33 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e .3 OS-specific n\n-00005870: 6f74 6573 2061 626f 7574 2067 7275 6220 otes about grub \n-00005880: 746f 6f6c 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a tools.**********\n+00004700: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 666f 6c6c ======..The foll\n+00004710: 6f77 696e 6720 6973 2061 2071 756f 7461 owing is a quota\n+00004720: 7469 6f6e 2066 726f 6d20 476f 7264 6f6e tion from Gordon\n+00004730: 204d 6174 7a69 676b 6569 742c 2061 2047 Matzigkeit, a G\n+00004740: 5255 4220 6661 6e61 7469 633a 0a0a 2020 RUB fanatic:.. \n+00004750: 2020 2053 6f6d 6520 7065 6f70 6c65 206c Some people l\n+00004760: 696b 6520 746f 2061 636b 6e6f 776c 6564 ike to acknowled\n+00004770: 6765 2062 6f74 6820 7468 6520 6f70 6572 ge both the oper\n+00004780: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2061 6e64 ating system and\n+00004790: 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2077 6865 . kernel whe\n+000047a0: 6e20 7468 6579 2074 616c 6b20 6162 6f75 n they talk abou\n+000047b0: 7420 7468 6569 7220 636f 6d70 7574 6572 t their computer\n+000047c0: 732c 2073 6f20 7468 6579 206d 6967 6874 s, so they might\n+000047d0: 2073 6179 2074 6865 790a 2020 2020 2075 say they. u\n+000047e0: 7365 2022 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7822 206f se \"GNU/Linux\" o\n+000047f0: 7220 2247 4e55 2f48 7572 6422 2e20 204f r \"GNU/Hurd\". O\n+00004800: 7468 6572 2070 656f 706c 6520 7365 656d ther people seem\n+00004810: 2074 6f20 7468 696e 6b20 7468 6174 2074 to think that t\n+00004820: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2069 he. kernel i\n+00004830: 7320 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 2069 6d70 6f72 s the most impor\n+00004840: 7461 6e74 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 tant part of the\n+00004850: 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2073 6f20 7468 6579 system, so they\n+00004860: 206c 696b 6520 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6361 like to. ca\n+00004870: 6c6c 2074 6865 6972 2047 4e55 206f 7065 ll their GNU ope\n+00004880: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2022 rating systems \"\n+00004890: 4c69 6e75 7820 7379 7374 656d 732e 220a Linux systems.\".\n+000048a0: 0a20 2020 2020 492c 2070 6572 736f 6e61 . I, persona\n+000048b0: 6c6c 792c 2062 656c 6965 7665 2074 6861 lly, believe tha\n+000048c0: 7420 7468 6973 2069 7320 6120 6772 6176 t this is a grav\n+000048d0: 6520 696e 6a75 7374 6963 652c 2062 6563 e injustice, bec\n+000048e0: 6175 7365 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 5f62 ause the. _b\n+000048f0: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 5f20 6973 2074 oot loader_ is t\n+00004900: 6865 206d 6f73 7420 696d 706f 7274 616e he most importan\n+00004910: 7420 736f 6674 7761 7265 206f 6620 616c t software of al\n+00004920: 6c2e 2020 4920 7573 6564 2074 6f0a 2020 l. I used to. \n+00004930: 2020 2072 6566 6572 2074 6f20 7468 6520 refer to the \n+00004940: 6162 6f76 6520 7379 7374 656d 7320 6173 above systems as\n+00004950: 2065 6974 6865 7220 224c 494c 4f22 2831 either \"LILO\"(1\n+00004960: 2920 282a 6e6f 7465 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 ) (*note Role of\n+00004970: 2061 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 a. boot loa\n+00004980: 6465 722d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 3a3a der-Footnote-1::\n+00004990: 2920 6f72 2022 4752 5542 2220 7379 7374 ) or \"GRUB\" syst\n+000049a0: 656d 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2055 6e66 6f72 ems... Unfor\n+000049b0: 7475 6e61 7465 6c79 2c20 6e6f 626f 6479 tunately, nobody\n+000049c0: 2065 7665 7220 756e 6465 7273 746f 6f64 ever understood\n+000049d0: 2077 6861 7420 4920 7761 7320 7461 6c6b what I was talk\n+000049e0: 696e 6720 6162 6f75 743b 206e 6f77 0a20 ing about; now. \n+000049f0: 2020 2020 4920 6a75 7374 2075 7365 2074 I just use t\n+00004a00: 6865 2077 6f72 6420 2247 4e55 2220 6173 he word \"GNU\" as\n+00004a10: 2061 2070 7365 7564 6f6e 796d 2066 6f72 a pseudonym for\n+00004a20: 2047 5255 422e 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 6f2c GRUB... So,\n+00004a30: 2069 6620 796f 7520 6576 6572 2068 6561 if you ever hea\n+00004a40: 7220 7065 6f70 6c65 2074 616c 6b69 6e67 r people talking\n+00004a50: 2061 626f 7574 2074 6865 6972 2061 6c6c about their all\n+00004a60: 6567 6564 2022 474e 5522 0a20 2020 2020 eged \"GNU\". \n+00004a70: 7379 7374 656d 732c 2072 656d 656d 6265 systems, remembe\n+00004a80: 7220 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 r that they are \n+00004a90: 6163 7475 616c 6c79 2070 6179 696e 6720 actually paying \n+00004aa0: 686f 6d61 6765 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6265 homage to the be\n+00004ab0: 7374 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 st. boot loa\n+00004ac0: 6465 7220 6172 6f75 6e64 2e2e 2e20 4752 der around... GR\n+00004ad0: 5542 210a 0a20 2020 5765 2c20 7468 6520 UB!.. We, the \n+00004ae0: 4752 5542 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 GRUB maintainers\n+00004af0: 2c20 646f 206e 6f74 2028 7573 7561 6c6c , do not (usuall\n+00004b00: 7929 2065 6e63 6f75 7261 6765 2047 6f72 y) encourage Gor\n+00004b10: 646f 6e27 7320 6c65 7665 6c0a 6f66 2066 don's level.of f\n+00004b20: 616e 6174 6963 6973 6d2c 2062 7574 2069 anaticism, but i\n+00004b30: 7420 6865 6c70 7320 746f 2072 656d 656d t helps to remem\n+00004b40: 6265 7220 7468 6174 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f ber that boot lo\n+00004b50: 6164 6572 7320 6465 7365 7276 650a 7265 aders deserve.re\n+00004b60: 636f 676e 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 5765 2068 cognition. We h\n+00004b70: 6f70 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2065 6e6a ope that you enj\n+00004b80: 6f79 2075 7369 6e67 2047 4e55 2047 5255 oy using GNU GRU\n+00004b90: 4220 6173 206d 7563 6820 6173 2077 6520 B as much as we \n+00004ba0: 6469 640a 7772 6974 696e 6720 6974 2e0a did.writing it..\n+00004bb0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+00004bc0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2052 6f6c 6520 fo, Node: Role \n+00004bd0: 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 of a boot loader\n+00004be0: 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 2c20 2055 703a -Footnotes, Up:\n+00004bf0: 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f 7420 Role of a boot \n+00004c00: 6c6f 6164 6572 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 loader.. (1) T\n+00004c10: 6865 204c 496e 7578 204c 4f61 6465 722c he LInux LOader,\n+00004c20: 2061 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2074 a boot loader t\n+00004c30: 6861 7420 6576 6572 7962 6f64 7920 7573 hat everybody us\n+00004c40: 6573 2c20 6275 7420 6e6f 626f 6479 0a6c es, but nobody.l\n+00004c50: 696b 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ikes.....File: g\n+00004c60: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00004c70: 204e 616d 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 Naming conventi\n+00004c80: 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204f 532d 7370 on, Next: OS-sp\n+00004c90: 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2061 626f ecific notes abo\n+00004ca0: 7574 2067 7275 6220 746f 6f6c 732c 2020 ut grub tools, \n+00004cb0: 5072 6576 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 Prev: Introducti\n+00004cc0: 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3220 on, Up: Top..2 \n+00004cd0: 4e61 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f Naming conventio\n+00004ce0: 6e0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a n.**************\n+00004cf0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a54 6865 2064 6576 6963 *****..The devic\n+00004d00: 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2075 7365 6420 696e e syntax used in\n+00004d10: 2047 5255 4220 6973 2061 2077 6565 2062 GRUB is a wee b\n+00004d20: 6974 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2066 726f it different fro\n+00004d30: 6d20 7768 6174 2079 6f75 206d 6179 0a68 m what you may.h\n+00004d40: 6176 6520 7365 656e 2062 6566 6f72 6520 ave seen before \n+00004d50: 696e 2079 6f75 7220 6f70 6572 6174 696e in your operatin\n+00004d60: 6720 7379 7374 656d 2873 292c 2061 6e64 g system(s), and\n+00004d70: 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 206b 6e6f you need to kno\n+00004d80: 7720 6974 2073 6f0a 7468 6174 2079 6f75 w it so.that you\n+00004d90: 2063 616e 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 2064 can specify a d\n+00004da0: 7269 7665 2f70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e0a rive/partition..\n+00004db0: 0a20 2020 4c6f 6f6b 2061 7420 7468 6520 . Look at the \n+00004dc0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6578 616d 706c following exampl\n+00004dd0: 6573 2061 6e64 2065 7870 6c61 6e61 7469 es and explanati\n+00004de0: 6f6e 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 6664 3029 ons:.. (fd0)\n+00004df0: 0a0a 2020 2046 6972 7374 206f 6620 616c .. First of al\n+00004e00: 6c2c 2047 5255 4220 7265 7175 6972 6573 l, GRUB requires\n+00004e10: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 that the device\n+00004e20: 206e 616d 6520 6265 2065 6e63 6c6f 7365 name be enclose\n+00004e30: 6420 7769 7468 20e2 8098 28e2 8099 0a61 d with ...(....a\n+00004e40: 6e64 20e2 8098 29e2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 nd ...).... The\n+00004e50: 20e2 8098 6664 e280 9920 7061 7274 206d ...fd... part m\n+00004e60: 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6974 2069 7320 eans that it is \n+00004e70: 6120 666c 6f70 7079 2064 6973 6b2e 2020 a floppy disk. \n+00004e80: 5468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 20e2 8098 30e2 The number ...0.\n+00004e90: 8099 0a69 7320 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 ...is the drive \n+00004ea0: 6e75 6d62 6572 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6973 number, which is\n+00004eb0: 2063 6f75 6e74 6564 2066 726f 6d20 5f7a counted from _z\n+00004ec0: 6572 6f5f 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6578 7072 ero_. This expr\n+00004ed0: 6573 7369 6f6e 0a6d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 ession.means tha\n+00004ee0: 7420 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 7573 6520 t GRUB will use \n+00004ef0: 7468 6520 7768 6f6c 6520 666c 6f70 7079 the whole floppy\n+00004f00: 2064 6973 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 6864 disk... (hd\n+00004f10: 302c 6d73 646f 7332 290a 0a20 2020 4865 0,msdos2).. He\n+00004f20: 7265 2c20 e280 9868 64e2 8099 206d 6561 re, ...hd... mea\n+00004f30: 6e73 2069 7420 6973 2061 2068 6172 6420 ns it is a hard \n+00004f40: 6469 736b 2064 7269 7665 2e20 2054 6865 disk drive. The\n+00004f50: 2066 6972 7374 2069 6e74 6567 6572 20e2 first integer .\n+00004f60: 8098 30e2 8099 0a69 6e64 6963 6174 6573 ..0....indicates\n+00004f70: 2074 6865 2064 7269 7665 206e 756d 6265 the drive numbe\n+00004f80: 722c 2074 6861 7420 6973 2c20 7468 6520 r, that is, the \n+00004f90: 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b2c first hard disk,\n+00004fa0: 2074 6865 2073 7472 696e 670a e280 986d the string....m\n+00004fb0: 7364 6f73 e280 9920 696e 6469 6361 7465 sdos... indicate\n+00004fc0: 7320 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 s the partition \n+00004fd0: 7363 6865 6d65 2c20 7768 696c 6520 7468 scheme, while th\n+00004fe0: 6520 7365 636f 6e64 2069 6e74 6567 6572 e second integer\n+00004ff0: 2c20 e280 9832 e280 992c 0a69 6e64 6963 , ...2...,.indic\n+00005000: 6174 6573 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 ates the partiti\n+00005010: 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7220 286f 7220 7468 on number (or th\n+00005020: 6520 5043 2073 6c69 6365 206e 756d 6265 e PC slice numbe\n+00005030: 7220 696e 2074 6865 2042 5344 0a74 6572 r in the BSD.ter\n+00005040: 6d69 6e6f 6c6f 6779 292e 2020 5468 6520 minology). The \n+00005050: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 partition number\n+00005060: 7320 6172 6520 636f 756e 7465 6420 6672 s are counted fr\n+00005070: 6f6d 205f 6f6e 655f 2c20 6e6f 7420 6672 om _one_, not fr\n+00005080: 6f6d 0a7a 6572 6f20 2861 7320 7761 7320 om.zero (as was \n+00005090: 7468 6520 6361 7365 2069 6e20 7072 6576 the case in prev\n+000050a0: 696f 7573 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 ious versions of\n+000050b0: 2047 5255 4229 2e20 5468 6973 2065 7870 GRUB). This exp\n+000050c0: 7265 7373 696f 6e0a 6d65 616e 7320 7468 ression.means th\n+000050d0: 6520 7365 636f 6e64 2070 6172 7469 7469 e second partiti\n+000050e0: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 on of the first \n+000050f0: 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b20 6472 6976 652e hard disk drive.\n+00005100: 2020 496e 2074 6869 7320 6361 7365 2c0a In this case,.\n+00005110: 4752 5542 2075 7365 7320 6f6e 6520 7061 GRUB uses one pa\n+00005120: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2064 rtition of the d\n+00005130: 6973 6b2c 2069 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 isk, instead of \n+00005140: 7468 6520 7768 6f6c 6520 6469 736b 2e0a the whole disk..\n+00005150: 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 . (hd0,msdos\n+00005160: 3529 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 7370 6563 5).. This spec\n+00005170: 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 ifies the first \n+00005180: e280 9c65 7874 656e 6465 6420 7061 7274 ...extended part\n+00005190: 6974 696f 6ee2 809d 206f 6620 7468 6520 ition... of the \n+000051a0: 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b0a first hard disk.\n+000051b0: 6472 6976 652e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 drive. Note tha\n+000051c0: 7420 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 t the partition \n+000051d0: 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 666f 7220 6578 7465 numbers for exte\n+000051e0: 6e64 6564 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 nded partitions \n+000051f0: 6172 650a 636f 756e 7465 6420 6672 6f6d are.counted from\n+00005200: 20e2 8098 35e2 8099 2c20 7265 6761 7264 ...5..., regard\n+00005210: 6c65 7373 206f 6620 7468 6520 6163 7475 less of the actu\n+00005220: 616c 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2070 7269 al number of pri\n+00005230: 6d61 7279 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 730a mary partitions.\n+00005240: 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 6861 7264 2064 6973 on your hard dis\n+00005250: 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 6864 312c 6d73 k... (hd1,ms\n+00005260: 646f 7331 2c62 7364 3129 0a0a 2020 2054 dos1,bsd1).. T\n+00005270: 6869 7320 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 4253 his means the BS\n+00005280: 4420 e280 9861 e280 9920 7061 7274 6974 D ...a... partit\n+00005290: 696f 6e20 6f6e 2066 6972 7374 2050 4320 ion on first PC \n+000052a0: 736c 6963 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 slice number of \n+000052b0: 7468 650a 7365 636f 6e64 2068 6172 6420 the.second hard \n+000052c0: 6469 736b 2e0a 0a20 2020 4f66 2063 6f75 disk... Of cou\n+000052d0: 7273 652c 2074 6f20 6163 7475 616c 6c79 rse, to actually\n+000052e0: 2061 6363 6573 7320 7468 6520 6469 736b access the disk\n+000052f0: 7320 6f72 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 s or partitions \n+00005300: 7769 7468 2047 5255 422c 2079 6f75 0a6e with GRUB, you.n\n+00005310: 6565 6420 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 2064 eed to use the d\n+00005320: 6576 6963 6520 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 evice specificat\n+00005330: 696f 6e20 696e 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ion in a command\n+00005340: 2c20 6c69 6b65 20e2 8098 7365 7420 726f , like ...set ro\n+00005350: 6f74 3d28 6664 3029 e280 990a 6f72 20e2 ot=(fd0)....or .\n+00005360: 8098 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2028 6864 302c ..parttool (hd0,\n+00005370: 6d73 646f 7333 2920 6869 6464 656e 2de2 msdos3) hidden-.\n+00005380: 8099 2e20 2054 6f20 6865 6c70 2079 6f75 ... To help you\n+00005390: 2066 696e 6420 6f75 7420 7768 6963 6820 find out which \n+000053a0: 6e75 6d62 6572 0a73 7065 6369 6669 6573 number.specifies\n+000053b0: 2061 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2079 6f75 a partition you\n+000053c0: 2077 616e 742c 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 want, the GRUB \n+000053d0: 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2028 2a6e command-line (*n\n+000053e0: 6f74 650a 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 ote.Command-line\n+000053f0: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 3a3a 2920 6f70 interface::) op\n+00005400: 7469 6f6e 7320 6861 7665 2061 7267 756d tions have argum\n+00005410: 656e 7420 636f 6d70 6c65 7469 6f6e 2e20 ent completion. \n+00005420: 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e 730a 7468 6174 This means.that\n+00005430: 2c20 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2079 , for example, y\n+00005440: 6f75 206f 6e6c 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 ou only need to \n+00005450: 7479 7065 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 6574 2072 type.. set r\n+00005460: 6f6f 743d 280a 0a20 2020 666f 6c6c 6f77 oot=(.. follow\n+00005470: 6564 2062 7920 6120 3c54 4142 3e2c 2061 ed by a , a\n+00005480: 6e64 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2064 6973 nd GRUB will dis\n+00005490: 706c 6179 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 play the list of\n+000054a0: 2064 7269 7665 732c 0a70 6172 7469 7469 drives,.partiti\n+000054b0: 6f6e 732c 206f 7220 6669 6c65 206e 616d ons, or file nam\n+000054c0: 6573 2e20 2053 6f20 6974 2073 686f 756c es. So it shoul\n+000054d0: 6420 6265 2071 7569 7465 2065 6173 7920 d be quite easy \n+000054e0: 746f 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 2074 6865 to determine the\n+000054f0: 0a6e 616d 6520 6f66 2079 6f75 7220 7461 .name of your ta\n+00005500: 7267 6574 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 rget partition, \n+00005510: 6576 656e 2077 6974 6820 6d69 6e69 6d61 even with minima\n+00005520: 6c20 6b6e 6f77 6c65 6467 6520 6f66 2074 l knowledge of t\n+00005530: 6865 0a73 796e 7461 782e 0a0a 2020 204e he.syntax... N\n+00005540: 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 646f ote that GRUB do\n+00005550: 6573 205f 6e6f 745f 2064 6973 7469 6e67 es _not_ disting\n+00005560: 7569 7368 2049 4445 2066 726f 6d20 5343 uish IDE from SC\n+00005570: 5349 202d 2069 7420 7369 6d70 6c79 0a63 SI - it simply.c\n+00005580: 6f75 6e74 7320 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 ounts the drive \n+00005590: 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 6672 6f6d 207a 6572 numbers from zer\n+000055a0: 6f2c 2072 6567 6172 646c 6573 7320 6f66 o, regardless of\n+000055b0: 2074 6865 6972 2074 7970 652e 2020 4e6f their type. No\n+000055c0: 726d 616c 6c79 2c0a 616e 7920 4944 4520 rmally,.any IDE \n+000055d0: 6472 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 2069 7320 drive number is \n+000055e0: 6c65 7373 2074 6861 6e20 616e 7920 5343 less than any SC\n+000055f0: 5349 2064 7269 7665 206e 756d 6265 722c SI drive number,\n+00005600: 2061 6c74 686f 7567 6820 7468 6174 0a69 although that.i\n+00005610: 7320 6e6f 7420 7472 7565 2069 6620 796f s not true if yo\n+00005620: 7520 6368 616e 6765 2074 6865 2062 6f6f u change the boo\n+00005630: 7420 7365 7175 656e 6365 2062 7920 7377 t sequence by sw\n+00005640: 6170 7069 6e67 2049 4445 2061 6e64 2053 apping IDE and S\n+00005650: 4353 490a 6472 6976 6573 2069 6e20 796f CSI.drives in yo\n+00005660: 7572 2042 494f 532e 0a0a 2020 204e 6f77 ur BIOS... Now\n+00005670: 2074 6865 2071 7565 7374 696f 6e20 6973 the question is\n+00005680: 2c20 686f 7720 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 , how to specify\n+00005690: 2061 2066 696c 653f 2020 4167 6169 6e2c a file? Again,\n+000056a0: 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7220 616e 0a65 7861 consider an.exa\n+000056b0: 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 mple:.. (hd0\n+000056c0: 2c6d 7364 6f73 3129 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a ,msdos1)/vmlinuz\n+000056d0: 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 7370 6563 6966 .. This specif\n+000056e0: 6965 7320 7468 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d ies the file nam\n+000056f0: 6564 20e2 8098 766d 6c69 6e75 7ae2 8099 ed ...vmlinuz...\n+00005700: 2c20 666f 756e 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 , found on the f\n+00005710: 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a6f irst partition.o\n+00005720: 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 f the first hard\n+00005730: 2064 6973 6b20 6472 6976 652e 2020 4e6f disk drive. No\n+00005740: 7465 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6172 6775 te that the argu\n+00005750: 6d65 6e74 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 696f 6e20 ment completion \n+00005760: 776f 726b 730a 7769 7468 2066 696c 6520 works.with file \n+00005770: 6e61 6d65 732c 2074 6f6f 2e0a 0a20 2020 names, too... \n+00005780: 5468 6174 2077 6173 2065 6173 792c 2061 That was easy, a\n+00005790: 646d 6974 2069 742e 2020 4e6f 7720 7265 dmit it. Now re\n+000057a0: 6164 2074 6865 206e 6578 7420 6368 6170 ad the next chap\n+000057b0: 7465 722c 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 206f 7574 ter, to find out\n+000057c0: 2068 6f77 0a74 6f20 6163 7475 616c 6c79 how.to actually\n+000057d0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 6f6e install GRUB on\n+000057e0: 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 652e 0a0a 1f0a your drive.....\n+000057f0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+00005800: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 Node: OS-speci\n+00005810: 6669 6320 6e6f 7465 7320 6162 6f75 7420 fic notes about \n+00005820: 6772 7562 2074 6f6f 6c73 2c20 204e 6578 grub tools, Nex\n+00005830: 743a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e2c t: Installation,\n+00005840: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4e61 6d69 6e67 2063 Prev: Naming c\n+00005850: 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 onvention, Up: \n+00005860: 546f 700a 0a33 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 Top..3 OS-specif\n+00005870: 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2061 626f 7574 2067 ic notes about g\n+00005880: 7275 6220 746f 6f6c 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a rub tools.******\n 00005890: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-000058a0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4f6e 204f **********..On O\n-000058b0: 5320 7768 6963 6820 6861 7665 2064 6576 S which have dev\n-000058c0: 6963 6520 6e6f 6465 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 ice nodes simila\n-000058d0: 7220 746f 2055 6e69 782d 6c69 6b65 204f r to Unix-like O\n-000058e0: 5320 4752 5542 2074 6f6f 6c73 2075 7365 S GRUB tools use\n-000058f0: 2074 6865 0a4f 5320 6e61 6d65 2e20 2045 the.OS name. E\n-00005900: 2e67 2e20 2066 6f72 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e .g. for GNU/Lin\n-00005910: 7578 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6772 7562 ux:.. # grub\n-00005920: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202f 6465 762f 7364 -install /dev/sd\n-00005930: 610a 0a20 2020 4f6e 2041 524f 5320 7765 a.. On AROS we\n-00005940: 2075 7365 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2073 796e use another syn\n-00005950: 7461 782e 2020 466f 7220 766f 6c75 6d65 tax. For volume\n-00005960: 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 202f 2f3a 3c76 6f6c s:.. //:.. E.\n-00005980: 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 202f 2f3a 4448 300a g... //:DH0.\n-00005990: 0a20 2020 466f 7220 6469 736b 7320 7765 . For disks we\n-000059a0: 2075 7365 2073 796e 7461 783a 0a20 2020 use syntax:. \n-000059b0: 2020 2f2f 3a3c 6472 6976 6572 206e 616d //:/unit/flags.. \n-000059d0: 2020 452e 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2067 E.g... # g\n-000059e0: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 2f2f 3a61 rub-install //:a\n-000059f0: 7461 2e64 6576 6963 652f 302f 300a 0a20 ta.device/0/0.. \n-00005a00: 2020 4f6e 2057 696e 646f 7773 2077 6520 On Windows we \n-00005a10: 7573 6520 554e 4320 7061 7468 2e20 2046 use UNC path. F\n-00005a20: 6f72 2076 6f6c 756d 6573 2069 7427 7320 or volumes it's \n-00005a30: 7479 7069 6361 6c6c 790a 0a20 2020 2020 typically.. \n-00005a40: 5c5c 3f5c 566f 6c75 6d65 7b3c 4755 4944 \\\\?\\Volume{}. \\\\?\\:.. \n-00005a70: 452e 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 205c 5c3f 5c56 E.g... \\\\?\\V\n-00005a80: 6f6c 756d 657b 3137 6633 3464 3530 2d63 olume{17f34d50-c\n-00005a90: 6636 342d 3462 3032 2d38 3030 652d 3531 f64-4b02-800e-51\n-00005aa0: 6437 3963 3361 6132 6666 7d0a 2020 2020 d79c3aa2ff}. \n-00005ab0: 205c 5c3f 5c43 3a0a 0a20 2020 466f 7220 \\\\?\\C:.. For \n-00005ac0: 6469 736b 7320 6974 2773 0a0a 2020 2020 disks it's.. \n-00005ad0: 205c 5c3f 5c50 6879 7369 6361 6c44 7269 \\\\?\\PhysicalDri\n-00005ae0: 7665 3c6e 756d 6265 723e 0a0a 2020 2045 ve.. E\n-00005af0: 2e67 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6772 7562 .g... # grub\n-00005b00: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 205c 5c3f 5c50 6879 -install \\\\?\\Phy\n-00005b10: 7369 6361 6c44 7269 7665 300a 0a20 2020 sicalDrive0.. \n-00005b20: 4265 7761 7265 2074 6861 7420 796f 7520 Beware that you \n-00005b30: 6d61 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6675 7274 may need to furt\n-00005b40: 6865 7220 6573 6361 7065 2074 6865 2062 her escape the b\n-00005b50: 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 6573 2064 6570 656e ackslashes depen\n-00005b60: 6469 6e67 0a6f 6e20 796f 7572 2073 6865 ding.on your she\n-00005b70: 6c6c 2e0a 0a20 2020 5768 656e 2063 6f6d ll... When com\n-00005b80: 7069 6c65 6420 7769 7468 2063 7967 7769 piled with cygwi\n-00005b90: 6e20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7468 656e 2063 n support then c\n-00005ba0: 7967 7769 6e20 6472 6976 6520 6e61 6d65 ygwin drive name\n-00005bb0: 7320 6172 650a 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 s are.automatica\n-00005bc0: 6c6c 7920 7768 656e 206e 6565 6465 642e lly when needed.\n-00005bd0: 2020 452e 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2067 E.g... # g\n-00005be0: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 2f64 6576 rub-install /dev\n-00005bf0: 2f73 6461 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 /sda....File: gr\n-00005c00: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00005c10: 496e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e Installation, N\n-00005c20: 6578 743a 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 2050 ext: Booting, P\n-00005c30: 7265 763a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 rev: OS-specific\n-00005c40: 206e 6f74 6573 2061 626f 7574 2067 7275 notes about gru\n-00005c50: 6220 746f 6f6c 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f b tools, Up: To\n-00005c60: 700a 0a34 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f p..4 Installatio\n-00005c70: 6e0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a n.**************\n-00005c80: 0a0a 496e 206f 7264 6572 2074 6f20 696e ..In order to in\n-00005c90: 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2061 7320 796f stall GRUB as yo\n-00005ca0: 7572 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 ur boot loader, \n-00005cb0: 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6669 7273 you need to firs\n-00005cc0: 7420 696e 7374 616c 6c0a 7468 6520 4752 t install.the GR\n-00005cd0: 5542 2073 7973 7465 6d20 616e 6420 7574 UB system and ut\n-00005ce0: 696c 6974 6965 7320 756e 6465 7220 796f ilities under yo\n-00005cf0: 7572 2055 4e49 582d 6c69 6b65 206f 7065 ur UNIX-like ope\n-00005d00: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 282a rating system.(*\n-00005d10: 6e6f 7465 204f 6274 6169 6e69 6e67 2061 note Obtaining a\n-00005d20: 6e64 2042 7569 6c64 696e 6720 4752 5542 nd Building GRUB\n-00005d30: 3a3a 292e 2020 596f 7520 6361 6e20 646f ::). You can do\n-00005d40: 2074 6869 7320 6569 7468 6572 2066 726f this either fro\n-00005d50: 6d20 7468 650a 736f 7572 6365 2074 6172 m the.source tar\n-00005d60: 6261 6c6c 2c20 6f72 2061 7320 6120 7061 ball, or as a pa\n-00005d70: 636b 6167 6520 666f 7220 796f 7572 204f ckage for your O\n-00005d80: 532e 0a0a 2020 2041 6674 6572 2079 6f75 S... After you\n-00005d90: 2068 6176 6520 646f 6e65 2074 6861 742c have done that,\n-00005da0: 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2069 6e73 you need to ins\n-00005db0: 7461 6c6c 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f tall the boot lo\n-00005dc0: 6164 6572 206f 6e20 610a 6472 6976 6520 ader on a.drive \n-00005dd0: 2866 6c6f 7070 7920 6f72 2068 6172 6420 (floppy or hard \n-00005de0: 6469 736b 2920 6279 2075 7369 6e67 2074 disk) by using t\n-00005df0: 6865 2075 7469 6c69 7479 20e2 8098 6772 he utility ...gr\n-00005e00: 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9920 282a ub-install... (*\n-00005e10: 6e6f 7465 0a49 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 note.Invoking gr\n-00005e20: 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 3a3a 2920 6f6e ub-install::) on\n-00005e30: 2061 2055 4e49 582d 6c69 6b65 204f 532e a UNIX-like OS.\n-00005e40: 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 4220 636f 6d65 7320 .. GRUB comes \n-00005e50: 7769 7468 2062 6f6f 7420 696d 6167 6573 with boot images\n-00005e60: 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 6e6f 726d , which are norm\n-00005e70: 616c 6c79 2070 7574 2069 6e20 7468 6520 ally put in the \n-00005e80: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 790a e280 982f 7573 directory..../us\n-00005e90: 722f 6c69 622f 6772 7562 2f3c 6370 753e r/lib/grub/\n-00005ea0: 2d3c 706c 6174 666f 726d 3ee2 8099 2028 -... (\n-00005eb0: 666f 7220 4249 4f53 2d62 6173 6564 206d for BIOS-based m\n-00005ec0: 6163 6869 6e65 730a e280 982f 7573 722f achines..../usr/\n-00005ed0: 6c69 622f 6772 7562 2f69 3338 362d 7063 lib/grub/i386-pc\n-00005ee0: e280 9929 2e20 2048 6572 6561 6674 6572 ...). Hereafter\n-00005ef0: 2c20 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 , the directory \n-00005f00: 7768 6572 6520 4752 5542 2069 6d61 6765 where GRUB image\n-00005f10: 730a 6172 6520 696e 6974 6961 6c6c 7920 s.are initially \n-00005f20: 706c 6163 6564 2028 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 placed (normally\n-00005f30: 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f67 7275 .../usr/lib/gru\n-00005f40: 622f 3c63 7075 3e2d 3c70 6c61 7466 6f72 b/-...) will be.c\n-00005f60: 616c 6c65 6420 7468 6520 e280 9c69 6d61 alled the ...ima\n-00005f70: 6765 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 e280 9d2c ge directory...,\n-00005f80: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2064 6972 6563 746f and the directo\n-00005f90: 7279 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 2062 6f6f ry where the boo\n-00005fa0: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 0a6e 6565 6473 2074 t loader.needs t\n-00005fb0: 6f20 6669 6e64 2074 6865 6d20 2875 7375 o find them (usu\n-00005fc0: 616c 6c79 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 ally .../boot...\n-00005fd0: 2920 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 ) will be called\n-00005fe0: 2074 6865 20e2 809c 626f 6f74 0a64 6972 the ...boot.dir\n-00005ff0: 6563 746f 7279 e280 9d2e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 ectory......* Me\n-00006000: 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e nu:..* Installin\n-00006010: 6720 4752 5542 2075 7369 6e67 2067 7275 g GRUB using gru\n-00006020: 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c3a 3a0a 2a20 4d61 b-install::.* Ma\n-00006030: 6b69 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f 6f74 king a GRUB boot\n-00006040: 6162 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d3a 3a0a 2a20 able CD-ROM::.* \n-00006050: 4465 7669 6365 206d 6170 3a3a 0a2a 2042 Device map::.* B\n-00006060: 494f 5320 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e IOS installation\n-00006070: 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ::....File: grub\n-00006080: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e .info, Node: In\n-00006090: 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 4220 7573 stalling GRUB us\n-000060a0: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing grub-install\n-000060b0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204d 616b 696e 6720 , Next: Making \n-000060c0: 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 a GRUB bootable \n-000060d0: 4344 2d52 4f4d 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e73 CD-ROM, Up: Ins\n-000060e0: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a 0a34 2e31 2049 tallation..4.1 I\n-000060f0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 2075 nstalling GRUB u\n-00006100: 7369 6e67 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c sing grub-instal\n-00006110: 6c0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d l.==============\n+000058a0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n+000058b0: 4f6e 204f 5320 7768 6963 6820 6861 7665 On OS which have\n+000058c0: 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e6f 6465 7320 7369 device nodes si\n+000058d0: 6d69 6c61 7220 746f 2055 6e69 782d 6c69 milar to Unix-li\n+000058e0: 6b65 204f 5320 4752 5542 2074 6f6f 6c73 ke OS GRUB tools\n+000058f0: 2075 7365 2074 6865 0a4f 5320 6e61 6d65 use the.OS name\n+00005900: 2e20 2045 2e67 2e20 2066 6f72 2047 4e55 . E.g. for GNU\n+00005910: 2f4c 696e 7578 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 /Linux:.. # \n+00005920: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202f 6465 grub-install /de\n+00005930: 762f 7364 610a 0a20 2020 4f6e 2041 524f v/sda.. On ARO\n+00005940: 5320 7765 2075 7365 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 S we use another\n+00005950: 2073 796e 7461 782e 2020 466f 7220 766f syntax. For vo\n+00005960: 6c75 6d65 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 202f 2f3a lumes:.. //:\n+00005970: 3c76 6f6c 756d 6520 6e61 6d65 3e0a 0a20 .. \n+00005980: 2020 452e 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 202f 2f3a E.g... //:\n+00005990: 4448 300a 0a20 2020 466f 7220 6469 736b DH0.. For disk\n+000059a0: 7320 7765 2075 7365 2073 796e 7461 783a s we use syntax:\n+000059b0: 0a20 2020 2020 2f2f 3a3c 6472 6976 6572 . //:/unit/flag\n+000059d0: 730a 0a20 2020 452e 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 s.. E.g... \n+000059e0: 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 # grub-install \n+000059f0: 2f2f 3a61 7461 2e64 6576 6963 652f 302f //:ata.device/0/\n+00005a00: 300a 0a20 2020 4f6e 2057 696e 646f 7773 0.. On Windows\n+00005a10: 2077 6520 7573 6520 554e 4320 7061 7468 we use UNC path\n+00005a20: 2e20 2046 6f72 2076 6f6c 756d 6573 2069 . For volumes i\n+00005a30: 7427 7320 7479 7069 6361 6c6c 790a 0a20 t's typically.. \n+00005a40: 2020 2020 5c5c 3f5c 566f 6c75 6d65 7b3c \\\\?\\Volume{<\n+00005a50: 4755 4944 3e7d 0a20 2020 2020 5c5c 3f5c GUID>}. \\\\?\\\n+00005a60: 3c64 7269 7665 206c 6574 7465 723e 3a0a :.\n+00005a70: 0a20 2020 452e 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 205c . E.g... \\\n+00005a80: 5c3f 5c56 6f6c 756d 657b 3137 6633 3464 \\?\\Volume{17f34d\n+00005a90: 3530 2d63 6636 342d 3462 3032 2d38 3030 50-cf64-4b02-800\n+00005aa0: 652d 3531 6437 3963 3361 6132 6666 7d0a e-51d79c3aa2ff}.\n+00005ab0: 2020 2020 205c 5c3f 5c43 3a0a 0a20 2020 \\\\?\\C:.. \n+00005ac0: 466f 7220 6469 736b 7320 6974 2773 0a0a For disks it's..\n+00005ad0: 2020 2020 205c 5c3f 5c50 6879 7369 6361 \\\\?\\Physica\n+00005ae0: 6c44 7269 7665 3c6e 756d 6265 723e 0a0a lDrive..\n+00005af0: 2020 2045 2e67 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 E.g... # \n+00005b00: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 205c 5c3f grub-install \\\\?\n+00005b10: 5c50 6879 7369 6361 6c44 7269 7665 300a \\PhysicalDrive0.\n+00005b20: 0a20 2020 4265 7761 7265 2074 6861 7420 . Beware that \n+00005b30: 796f 7520 6d61 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 you may need to \n+00005b40: 6675 7274 6865 7220 6573 6361 7065 2074 further escape t\n+00005b50: 6865 2062 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 6573 2064 he backslashes d\n+00005b60: 6570 656e 6469 6e67 0a6f 6e20 796f 7572 epending.on your\n+00005b70: 2073 6865 6c6c 2e0a 0a20 2020 5768 656e shell... When\n+00005b80: 2063 6f6d 7069 6c65 6420 7769 7468 2063 compiled with c\n+00005b90: 7967 7769 6e20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7468 ygwin support th\n+00005ba0: 656e 2063 7967 7769 6e20 6472 6976 6520 en cygwin drive \n+00005bb0: 6e61 6d65 7320 6172 650a 6175 746f 6d61 names are.automa\n+00005bc0: 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 7768 656e 206e 6565 tically when nee\n+00005bd0: 6465 642e 2020 452e 672e 0a0a 2020 2020 ded. E.g... \n+00005be0: 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 # grub-install \n+00005bf0: 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 /dev/sda....File\n+00005c00: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00005c10: 6465 3a20 496e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e de: Installation\n+00005c20: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 , Next: Booting\n+00005c30: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204f 532d 7370 6563 , Prev: OS-spec\n+00005c40: 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2061 626f 7574 ific notes about\n+00005c50: 2067 7275 6220 746f 6f6c 732c 2020 5570 grub tools, Up\n+00005c60: 3a20 546f 700a 0a34 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c : Top..4 Install\n+00005c70: 6174 696f 6e0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ation.**********\n+00005c80: 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 496e 206f 7264 6572 2074 ****..In order t\n+00005c90: 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2061 o install GRUB a\n+00005ca0: 7320 796f 7572 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 s your boot load\n+00005cb0: 6572 2c20 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 er, you need to \n+00005cc0: 6669 7273 7420 696e 7374 616c 6c0a 7468 first install.th\n+00005cd0: 6520 4752 5542 2073 7973 7465 6d20 616e e GRUB system an\n+00005ce0: 6420 7574 696c 6974 6965 7320 756e 6465 d utilities unde\n+00005cf0: 7220 796f 7572 2055 4e49 582d 6c69 6b65 r your UNIX-like\n+00005d00: 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 operating syste\n+00005d10: 6d0a 282a 6e6f 7465 204f 6274 6169 6e69 m.(*note Obtaini\n+00005d20: 6e67 2061 6e64 2042 7569 6c64 696e 6720 ng and Building \n+00005d30: 4752 5542 3a3a 292e 2020 596f 7520 6361 GRUB::). You ca\n+00005d40: 6e20 646f 2074 6869 7320 6569 7468 6572 n do this either\n+00005d50: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 650a 736f 7572 6365 from the.source\n+00005d60: 2074 6172 6261 6c6c 2c20 6f72 2061 7320 tarball, or as \n+00005d70: 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 666f 7220 796f a package for yo\n+00005d80: 7572 204f 532e 0a0a 2020 2041 6674 6572 ur OS... After\n+00005d90: 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 646f 6e65 2074 you have done t\n+00005da0: 6861 742c 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f hat, you need to\n+00005db0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 6865 2062 6f6f install the boo\n+00005dc0: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 206f 6e20 610a 6472 t loader on a.dr\n+00005dd0: 6976 6520 2866 6c6f 7070 7920 6f72 2068 ive (floppy or h\n+00005de0: 6172 6420 6469 736b 2920 6279 2075 7369 ard disk) by usi\n+00005df0: 6e67 2074 6865 2075 7469 6c69 7479 20e2 ng the utility .\n+00005e00: 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 ..grub-install..\n+00005e10: 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 0a49 6e76 6f6b 696e . (*note.Invokin\n+00005e20: 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 3a3a g grub-install::\n+00005e30: 2920 6f6e 2061 2055 4e49 582d 6c69 6b65 ) on a UNIX-like\n+00005e40: 204f 532e 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 4220 636f OS... GRUB co\n+00005e50: 6d65 7320 7769 7468 2062 6f6f 7420 696d mes with boot im\n+00005e60: 6167 6573 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 ages, which are \n+00005e70: 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2070 7574 2069 6e20 normally put in \n+00005e80: 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 790a e280 the directory...\n+00005e90: 982f 7573 722f 6c69 622f 6772 7562 2f3c ./usr/lib/grub/<\n+00005ea0: 6370 753e 2d3c 706c 6174 666f 726d 3ee2 cpu>-.\n+00005eb0: 8099 2028 666f 7220 4249 4f53 2d62 6173 .. (for BIOS-bas\n+00005ec0: 6564 206d 6163 6869 6e65 730a e280 982f ed machines..../\n+00005ed0: 7573 722f 6c69 622f 6772 7562 2f69 3338 usr/lib/grub/i38\n+00005ee0: 362d 7063 e280 9929 2e20 2048 6572 6561 6-pc...). Herea\n+00005ef0: 6674 6572 2c20 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 fter, the direct\n+00005f00: 6f72 7920 7768 6572 6520 4752 5542 2069 ory where GRUB i\n+00005f10: 6d61 6765 730a 6172 6520 696e 6974 6961 mages.are initia\n+00005f20: 6c6c 7920 706c 6163 6564 2028 6e6f 726d lly placed (norm\n+00005f30: 616c 6c79 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 ally .../usr/lib\n+00005f40: 2f67 7275 622f 3c63 7075 3e2d 3c70 6c61 /grub/-...) will \n+00005f60: 6265 0a63 616c 6c65 6420 7468 6520 e280 be.called the ..\n+00005f70: 9c69 6d61 6765 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 .image directory\n+00005f80: e280 9d2c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2064 6972 ..., and the dir\n+00005f90: 6563 746f 7279 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 ectory where the\n+00005fa0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 0a6e 6565 boot loader.nee\n+00005fb0: 6473 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 2074 6865 6d20 ds to find them \n+00005fc0: 2875 7375 616c 6c79 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f (usually .../boo\n+00005fd0: 74e2 8099 2920 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6361 t...) will be ca\n+00005fe0: 6c6c 6564 2074 6865 20e2 809c 626f 6f74 lled the ...boot\n+00005ff0: 0a64 6972 6563 746f 7279 e280 9d2e 0a0a .directory......\n+00006000: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2049 6e73 7461 * Menu:..* Insta\n+00006010: 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 2075 7369 6e67 lling GRUB using\n+00006020: 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c3a 3a0a grub-install::.\n+00006030: 2a20 4d61 6b69 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 * Making a GRUB \n+00006040: 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d3a bootable CD-ROM:\n+00006050: 3a0a 2a20 4465 7669 6365 206d 6170 3a3a :.* Device map::\n+00006060: 0a2a 2042 494f 5320 696e 7374 616c 6c61 .* BIOS installa\n+00006070: 7469 6f6e 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 tion::....File: \n+00006080: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00006090: 3a20 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 : Installing GRU\n+000060a0: 4220 7573 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 B using grub-ins\n+000060b0: 7461 6c6c 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204d 616b tall, Next: Mak\n+000060c0: 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 ing a GRUB boota\n+000060d0: 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 2c20 2055 703a ble CD-ROM, Up:\n+000060e0: 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a 0a34 Installation..4\n+000060f0: 2e31 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 .1 Installing GR\n+00006100: 5542 2075 7369 6e67 2067 7275 622d 696e UB using grub-in\n+00006110: 7374 616c 6c0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d stall.==========\n 00006120: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00006130: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 466f 7220 696e ========..For in\n-00006140: 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e 2077 6865 formation on whe\n-00006150: 7265 2047 5255 4220 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 re GRUB should b\n-00006160: 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6f6e 2050 e installed on P\n-00006170: 4320 4249 4f53 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 C BIOS platforms\n-00006180: 2c0a 2a6e 6f74 6520 4249 4f53 2069 6e73 ,.*note BIOS ins\n-00006190: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e3a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 tallation::... \n-000061a0: 2049 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 2069 6e73 In order to ins\n-000061b0: 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 756e 6465 7220 tall GRUB under \n-000061c0: 6120 554e 4958 2d6c 696b 6520 4f53 2028 a UNIX-like OS (\n-000061d0: 7375 6368 2061 7320 474e 5529 2c20 696e such as GNU), in\n-000061e0: 766f 6b65 0a74 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d voke.the program\n-000061f0: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ...grub-install\n-00006200: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b ... (*note Invok\n-00006210: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing grub-install\n-00006220: 3a3a 2920 6173 2074 6865 0a73 7570 6572 ::) as the.super\n-00006230: 7573 6572 2028 e280 9c72 6f6f 74e2 809d user (...root...\n-00006240: 292e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2075 7361 6765 )... The usage\n-00006250: 2069 7320 6261 7369 6361 6c6c 7920 7665 is basically ve\n-00006260: 7279 2073 696d 706c 652e 2020 596f 7520 ry simple. You \n-00006270: 6f6e 6c79 206e 6565 6420 746f 2073 7065 only need to spe\n-00006280: 6369 6679 206f 6e65 0a61 7267 756d 656e cify one.argumen\n-00006290: 7420 746f 2074 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d t to the program\n-000062a0: 2c20 6e61 6d65 6c79 2c20 7768 6572 6520 , namely, where \n-000062b0: 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 6865 2062 to install the b\n-000062c0: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2e20 2054 6865 oot loader. The\n-000062d0: 0a61 7267 756d 656e 7420 6861 7320 746f .argument has to\n-000062e0: 2062 6520 6569 7468 6572 2061 2064 6576 be either a dev\n-000062f0: 6963 6520 6669 6c65 2028 6c69 6b65 20e2 ice file (like .\n-00006300: 8098 2f64 6576 2f68 6461 e280 9929 2e20 ../dev/hda...). \n-00006310: 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c0a 756e For example,.un\n-00006320: 6465 7220 4c69 6e75 7820 7468 6520 666f der Linux the fo\n-00006330: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7769 6c6c 2069 6e73 llowing will ins\n-00006340: 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 696e 746f 2074 tall GRUB into t\n-00006350: 6865 204d 4252 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 he MBR of the fi\n-00006360: 7273 740a 4944 4520 6469 736b 3a0a 0a20 rst.IDE disk:.. \n-00006370: 2020 2020 2320 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 # grub-insta\n-00006380: 6c6c 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a 0a20 2020 ll /dev/sda.. \n-00006390: 4c69 6b65 7769 7365 2c20 756e 6465 7220 Likewise, under \n-000063a0: 474e 552f 4875 7264 2c20 7468 6973 2068 GNU/Hurd, this h\n-000063b0: 6173 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6566 6665 as the same effe\n-000063c0: 6374 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6772 7562 ct:.. # grub\n-000063d0: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202f 6465 762f 6864 -install /dev/hd\n-000063e0: 300a 0a20 2020 4275 7420 616c 6c20 7468 0.. But all th\n-000063f0: 6520 6162 6f76 6520 6578 616d 706c 6573 e above examples\n-00006400: 2061 7373 756d 6520 7468 6174 2047 5255 assume that GRU\n-00006410: 4220 7368 6f75 6c64 2070 7574 2069 6d61 B should put ima\n-00006420: 6765 7320 756e 6465 720a 7468 6520 e280 ges under.the ..\n-00006430: 982f 626f 6f74 e280 9920 6469 7265 6374 ./boot... direct\n-00006440: 6f72 792e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2077 616e ory. If you wan\n-00006450: 7420 4752 5542 2074 6f20 7075 7420 696d t GRUB to put im\n-00006460: 6167 6573 2075 6e64 6572 2061 2064 6972 ages under a dir\n-00006470: 6563 746f 7279 0a6f 7468 6572 2074 6861 ectory.other tha\n-00006480: 6e20 e280 982f 626f 6f74 e280 992c 2079 n .../boot..., y\n-00006490: 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2073 7065 6369 ou need to speci\n-000064a0: 6679 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 fy the option ..\n-000064b0: 982d 2d62 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 .--boot-director\n-000064c0: 79e2 8099 2e0a 5468 6520 7479 7069 6361 y.....The typica\n-000064d0: 6c20 7573 6167 6520 6973 2074 6861 7420 l usage is that \n-000064e0: 796f 7520 6372 6561 7465 2061 2047 5255 you create a GRU\n-000064f0: 4220 626f 6f74 2066 6c6f 7070 7920 7769 B boot floppy wi\n-00006500: 7468 2061 0a66 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2e th a.filesystem.\n-00006510: 2020 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e 2065 7861 Here is an exa\n-00006520: 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6d6b mple:.. # mk\n-00006530: 6532 6673 202f 6465 762f 6664 300a 2020 e2fs /dev/fd0. \n-00006540: 2020 2023 206d 6f75 6e74 202d 7420 6578 # mount -t ex\n-00006550: 7432 202f 6465 762f 6664 3020 2f6d 6e74 t2 /dev/fd0 /mnt\n-00006560: 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6d6b 6469 7220 2f6d . # mkdir /m\n-00006570: 6e74 2f62 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2023 2067 nt/boot. # g\n-00006580: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 2d2d 626f rub-install --bo\n-00006590: 6f74 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 3d2f 6d6e ot-directory=/mn\n-000065a0: 742f 626f 6f74 202f 6465 762f 6664 300a t/boot /dev/fd0.\n-000065b0: 2020 2020 2023 2075 6d6f 756e 7420 2f6d # umount /m\n-000065c0: 6e74 0a0a 2020 2053 6f6d 6520 4249 4f53 nt.. Some BIOS\n-000065d0: 6573 2068 6176 6520 6120 6275 6720 6f66 es have a bug of\n-000065e0: 2065 7870 6f73 696e 6720 7468 6520 6669 exposing the fi\n-000065f0: 7273 7420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 rst partition of\n-00006600: 2061 2055 5342 2064 7269 7665 0a61 7320 a USB drive.as \n-00006610: 6120 666c 6f70 7079 2069 6e73 7465 6164 a floppy instead\n-00006620: 206f 6620 6578 706f 7369 6e67 2074 6865 of exposing the\n-00006630: 2055 5342 2064 7269 7665 2061 7320 6120 USB drive as a \n-00006640: 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b20 2874 6865 7920 hard disk (they \n-00006650: 6361 6c6c 0a69 7420 2255 5342 2d46 4444 call.it \"USB-FDD\n-00006660: 2220 626f 6f74 292e 2020 496e 2073 7563 \" boot). In suc\n-00006670: 6820 6361 7365 732c 2079 6f75 206e 6565 h cases, you nee\n-00006680: 6420 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 206c 696b d to install lik\n-00006690: 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 e this:.. # \n-000066a0: 6c6f 7365 7475 7020 2f64 6576 2f6c 6f6f losetup /dev/loo\n-000066b0: 7030 202f 6465 762f 7364 6231 0a20 2020 p0 /dev/sdb1. \n-000066c0: 2020 2320 6d6f 756e 7420 2f64 6576 2f6c # mount /dev/l\n-000066d0: 6f6f 7030 202f 6d6e 742f 7573 620a 2020 oop0 /mnt/usb. \n-000066e0: 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c # grub-instal\n-000066f0: 6c20 2d2d 626f 6f74 2d64 6972 6563 746f l --boot-directo\n-00006700: 7279 3d2f 6d6e 742f 7573 622f 6275 6762 ry=/mnt/usb/bugb\n-00006710: 696f 7320 2d2d 666f 7263 6520 2d2d 616c ios --force --al\n-00006720: 6c6f 772d 666c 6f70 7079 202f 6465 762f low-floppy /dev/\n-00006730: 6c6f 6f70 300a 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2069 loop0.. This i\n-00006740: 6e73 7461 6c6c 2064 6f65 736e 2774 2063 nstall doesn't c\n-00006750: 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 7769 7468 2073 7461 onflict with sta\n-00006760: 6e64 6172 6420 696e 7374 616c 6c20 6173 ndard install as\n-00006770: 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 2074 6865 790a 6172 long as they.ar\n-00006780: 6520 696e 2073 6570 6172 6174 6520 6469 e in separate di\n-00006790: 7265 6374 6f72 6965 732e 0a0a 2020 204f rectories... O\n-000067a0: 6e20 4546 4920 7379 7374 656d 7320 666f n EFI systems fo\n-000067b0: 7220 6669 7865 6420 6469 736b 2069 6e73 r fixed disk ins\n-000067c0: 7461 6c6c 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 746f tall you have to\n-000067d0: 206d 6f75 6e74 2045 4649 2053 7973 7465 mount EFI Syste\n-000067e0: 6d0a 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 4966 m.Partition. If\n-000067f0: 2079 6f75 206d 6f75 6e74 2069 7420 6174 you mount it at\n-00006800: 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6566 69e2 8099 .../boot/efi...\n-00006810: 2074 6865 6e20 796f 7520 646f 6e27 7420 then you don't \n-00006820: 6e65 6564 2061 6e79 0a73 7065 6369 616c need any.special\n-00006830: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 3a0a 0a20 2020 arguments:.. \n-00006840: 2020 2320 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c # grub-install\n-00006850: 0a0a 2020 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2079 .. Otherwise y\n-00006860: 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2073 7065 6369 ou need to speci\n-00006870: 6679 2077 6865 7265 2079 6f75 7220 4546 fy where your EF\n-00006880: 4920 5379 7374 656d 2070 6172 7469 7469 I System partiti\n-00006890: 6f6e 2069 730a 6d6f 756e 7465 643a 0a0a on is.mounted:..\n-000068a0: 2020 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 # grub-inst\n-000068b0: 616c 6c20 2d2d 6566 692d 6469 7265 6374 all --efi-direct\n-000068c0: 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f65 6669 0a0a 2020 ory=/mnt/efi.. \n-000068d0: 2046 6f72 2072 656d 6f76 6162 6c65 2069 For removable i\n-000068e0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 7320 796f 7520 6861 7665 nstalls you have\n-000068f0: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 e280 982d 2d72 656d to use ...--rem\n-00006900: 6f76 6162 6c65 e280 9920 616e 6420 7370 ovable... and sp\n-00006910: 6563 6966 7920 626f 7468 0ae2 8098 2d2d ecify both....--\n-00006920: 626f 6f74 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 e280 boot-directory..\n-00006930: 9920 616e 6420 e280 982d 2d65 6669 2d64 . and ...--efi-d\n-00006940: 6972 6563 746f 7279 e280 993a 0a0a 2020 irectory...:.. \n-00006950: 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c # grub-instal\n-00006960: 6c20 2d2d 6566 692d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 l --efi-director\n-00006970: 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f75 7362 202d 2d62 6f6f y=/mnt/usb --boo\n-00006980: 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 t-directory=/mnt\n-00006990: 2f75 7362 2f62 6f6f 7420 2d2d 7265 6d6f /usb/boot --remo\n-000069a0: 7661 626c 650a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 vable....File: g\n-000069b0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-000069c0: 204d 616b 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 Making a GRUB b\n-000069d0: 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 2c20 ootable CD-ROM, \n-000069e0: 204e 6578 743a 2044 6576 6963 6520 6d61 Next: Device ma\n-000069f0: 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 496e 7374 616c p, Prev: Instal\n-00006a00: 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 4220 7573 696e 6720 ling GRUB using \n-00006a10: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2c20 2055 grub-install, U\n-00006a20: 703a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a p: Installation.\n-00006a30: 0a34 2e32 204d 616b 696e 6720 6120 4752 .4.2 Making a GR\n-00006a40: 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 UB bootable CD-R\n-00006a50: 4f4d 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d OM.=============\n+00006130: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 466f ============..Fo\n+00006140: 7220 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e r information on\n+00006150: 2077 6865 7265 2047 5255 4220 7368 6f75 where GRUB shou\n+00006160: 6c64 2062 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 ld be installed \n+00006170: 6f6e 2050 4320 4249 4f53 2070 6c61 7466 on PC BIOS platf\n+00006180: 6f72 6d73 2c0a 2a6e 6f74 6520 4249 4f53 orms,.*note BIOS\n+00006190: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e3a 3a2e installation::.\n+000061a0: 0a0a 2020 2049 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f .. In order to\n+000061b0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 756e install GRUB un\n+000061c0: 6465 7220 6120 554e 4958 2d6c 696b 6520 der a UNIX-like \n+000061d0: 4f53 2028 7375 6368 2061 7320 474e 5529 OS (such as GNU)\n+000061e0: 2c20 696e 766f 6b65 0a74 6865 2070 726f , invoke.the pro\n+000061f0: 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 gram ...grub-ins\n+00006200: 7461 6c6c e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 tall... (*note I\n+00006210: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 nvoking grub-ins\n+00006220: 7461 6c6c 3a3a 2920 6173 2074 6865 0a73 tall::) as the.s\n+00006230: 7570 6572 7573 6572 2028 e280 9c72 6f6f uperuser (...roo\n+00006240: 74e2 809d 292e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2075 t...)... The u\n+00006250: 7361 6765 2069 7320 6261 7369 6361 6c6c sage is basicall\n+00006260: 7920 7665 7279 2073 696d 706c 652e 2020 y very simple. \n+00006270: 596f 7520 6f6e 6c79 206e 6565 6420 746f You only need to\n+00006280: 2073 7065 6369 6679 206f 6e65 0a61 7267 specify one.arg\n+00006290: 756d 656e 7420 746f 2074 6865 2070 726f ument to the pro\n+000062a0: 6772 616d 2c20 6e61 6d65 6c79 2c20 7768 gram, namely, wh\n+000062b0: 6572 6520 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 ere to install t\n+000062c0: 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2e20 he boot loader. \n+000062d0: 2054 6865 0a61 7267 756d 656e 7420 6861 The.argument ha\n+000062e0: 7320 746f 2062 6520 6569 7468 6572 2061 s to be either a\n+000062f0: 2064 6576 6963 6520 6669 6c65 2028 6c69 device file (li\n+00006300: 6b65 20e2 8098 2f64 6576 2f68 6461 e280 ke .../dev/hda..\n+00006310: 9929 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 .). For example\n+00006320: 2c0a 756e 6465 7220 4c69 6e75 7820 7468 ,.under Linux th\n+00006330: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7769 6c6c e following will\n+00006340: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 696e install GRUB in\n+00006350: 746f 2074 6865 204d 4252 206f 6620 7468 to the MBR of th\n+00006360: 6520 6669 7273 740a 4944 4520 6469 736b e first.IDE disk\n+00006370: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6772 7562 2d69 :.. # grub-i\n+00006380: 6e73 7461 6c6c 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a nstall /dev/sda.\n+00006390: 0a20 2020 4c69 6b65 7769 7365 2c20 756e . Likewise, un\n+000063a0: 6465 7220 474e 552f 4875 7264 2c20 7468 der GNU/Hurd, th\n+000063b0: 6973 2068 6173 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 is has the same \n+000063c0: 6566 6665 6374 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 effect:.. # \n+000063d0: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202f 6465 grub-install /de\n+000063e0: 762f 6864 300a 0a20 2020 4275 7420 616c v/hd0.. But al\n+000063f0: 6c20 7468 6520 6162 6f76 6520 6578 616d l the above exam\n+00006400: 706c 6573 2061 7373 756d 6520 7468 6174 ples assume that\n+00006410: 2047 5255 4220 7368 6f75 6c64 2070 7574 GRUB should put\n+00006420: 2069 6d61 6765 7320 756e 6465 720a 7468 images under.th\n+00006430: 6520 e280 982f 626f 6f74 e280 9920 6469 e .../boot... di\n+00006440: 7265 6374 6f72 792e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 rectory. If you\n+00006450: 2077 616e 7420 4752 5542 2074 6f20 7075 want GRUB to pu\n+00006460: 7420 696d 6167 6573 2075 6e64 6572 2061 t images under a\n+00006470: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 0a6f 7468 6572 directory.other\n+00006480: 2074 6861 6e20 e280 982f 626f 6f74 e280 than .../boot..\n+00006490: 992c 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2073 ., you need to s\n+000064a0: 7065 6369 6679 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f pecify the optio\n+000064b0: 6e20 e280 982d 2d62 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 n ...--boot-dire\n+000064c0: 6374 6f72 79e2 8099 2e0a 5468 6520 7479 ctory.....The ty\n+000064d0: 7069 6361 6c20 7573 6167 6520 6973 2074 pical usage is t\n+000064e0: 6861 7420 796f 7520 6372 6561 7465 2061 hat you create a\n+000064f0: 2047 5255 4220 626f 6f74 2066 6c6f 7070 GRUB boot flopp\n+00006500: 7920 7769 7468 2061 0a66 696c 6573 7973 y with a.filesys\n+00006510: 7465 6d2e 2020 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e tem. Here is an\n+00006520: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 example:.. \n+00006530: 2320 6d6b 6532 6673 202f 6465 762f 6664 # mke2fs /dev/fd\n+00006540: 300a 2020 2020 2023 206d 6f75 6e74 202d 0. # mount -\n+00006550: 7420 6578 7432 202f 6465 762f 6664 3020 t ext2 /dev/fd0 \n+00006560: 2f6d 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6d6b 6469 /mnt. # mkdi\n+00006570: 7220 2f6d 6e74 2f62 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 r /mnt/boot. \n+00006580: 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 # grub-install \n+00006590: 2d2d 626f 6f74 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 --boot-directory\n+000065a0: 3d2f 6d6e 742f 626f 6f74 202f 6465 762f =/mnt/boot /dev/\n+000065b0: 6664 300a 2020 2020 2023 2075 6d6f 756e fd0. # umoun\n+000065c0: 7420 2f6d 6e74 0a0a 2020 2053 6f6d 6520 t /mnt.. Some \n+000065d0: 4249 4f53 6573 2068 6176 6520 6120 6275 BIOSes have a bu\n+000065e0: 6720 6f66 2065 7870 6f73 696e 6720 7468 g of exposing th\n+000065f0: 6520 6669 7273 7420 7061 7274 6974 696f e first partitio\n+00006600: 6e20 6f66 2061 2055 5342 2064 7269 7665 n of a USB drive\n+00006610: 0a61 7320 6120 666c 6f70 7079 2069 6e73 .as a floppy ins\n+00006620: 7465 6164 206f 6620 6578 706f 7369 6e67 tead of exposing\n+00006630: 2074 6865 2055 5342 2064 7269 7665 2061 the USB drive a\n+00006640: 7320 6120 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b20 2874 s a hard disk (t\n+00006650: 6865 7920 6361 6c6c 0a69 7420 2255 5342 hey call.it \"USB\n+00006660: 2d46 4444 2220 626f 6f74 292e 2020 496e -FDD\" boot). In\n+00006670: 2073 7563 6820 6361 7365 732c 2079 6f75 such cases, you\n+00006680: 206e 6565 6420 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c need to install\n+00006690: 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 like this:.. \n+000066a0: 2020 2320 6c6f 7365 7475 7020 2f64 6576 # losetup /dev\n+000066b0: 2f6c 6f6f 7030 202f 6465 762f 7364 6231 /loop0 /dev/sdb1\n+000066c0: 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6d6f 756e 7420 2f64 . # mount /d\n+000066d0: 6576 2f6c 6f6f 7030 202f 6d6e 742f 7573 ev/loop0 /mnt/us\n+000066e0: 620a 2020 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e b. # grub-in\n+000066f0: 7374 616c 6c20 2d2d 626f 6f74 2d64 6972 stall --boot-dir\n+00006700: 6563 746f 7279 3d2f 6d6e 742f 7573 622f ectory=/mnt/usb/\n+00006710: 6275 6762 696f 7320 2d2d 666f 7263 6520 bugbios --force \n+00006720: 2d2d 616c 6c6f 772d 666c 6f70 7079 202f --allow-floppy /\n+00006730: 6465 762f 6c6f 6f70 300a 0a20 2020 5468 dev/loop0.. Th\n+00006740: 6973 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2064 6f65 736e is install doesn\n+00006750: 2774 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 7769 7468 't conflict with\n+00006760: 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 696e 7374 616c standard instal\n+00006770: 6c20 6173 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 2074 6865 l as long as the\n+00006780: 790a 6172 6520 696e 2073 6570 6172 6174 y.are in separat\n+00006790: 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 732e 0a0a e directories...\n+000067a0: 2020 204f 6e20 4546 4920 7379 7374 656d On EFI system\n+000067b0: 7320 666f 7220 6669 7865 6420 6469 736b s for fixed disk\n+000067c0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2079 6f75 2068 6176 install you hav\n+000067d0: 6520 746f 206d 6f75 6e74 2045 4649 2053 e to mount EFI S\n+000067e0: 7973 7465 6d0a 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e2e ystem.Partition.\n+000067f0: 2020 4966 2079 6f75 206d 6f75 6e74 2069 If you mount i\n+00006800: 7420 6174 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6566 t at .../boot/ef\n+00006810: 69e2 8099 2074 6865 6e20 796f 7520 646f i... then you do\n+00006820: 6e27 7420 6e65 6564 2061 6e79 0a73 7065 n't need any.spe\n+00006830: 6369 616c 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 3a0a cial arguments:.\n+00006840: 0a20 2020 2020 2320 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 . # grub-ins\n+00006850: 7461 6c6c 0a0a 2020 204f 7468 6572 7769 tall.. Otherwi\n+00006860: 7365 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2073 se you need to s\n+00006870: 7065 6369 6679 2077 6865 7265 2079 6f75 pecify where you\n+00006880: 7220 4546 4920 5379 7374 656d 2070 6172 r EFI System par\n+00006890: 7469 7469 6f6e 2069 730a 6d6f 756e 7465 tition is.mounte\n+000068a0: 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d d:.. # grub-\n+000068b0: 696e 7374 616c 6c20 2d2d 6566 692d 6469 install --efi-di\n+000068c0: 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f65 6669 rectory=/mnt/efi\n+000068d0: 0a0a 2020 2046 6f72 2072 656d 6f76 6162 .. For removab\n+000068e0: 6c65 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 7320 796f 7520 le installs you \n+000068f0: 6861 7665 2074 6f20 7573 6520 e280 982d have to use ...-\n+00006900: 2d72 656d 6f76 6162 6c65 e280 9920 616e -removable... an\n+00006910: 6420 7370 6563 6966 7920 626f 7468 0ae2 d specify both..\n+00006920: 8098 2d2d 626f 6f74 2d64 6972 6563 746f ..--boot-directo\n+00006930: 7279 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 982d 2d65 ry... and ...--e\n+00006940: 6669 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 e280 993a fi-directory...:\n+00006950: 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2067 7275 622d 696e .. # grub-in\n+00006960: 7374 616c 6c20 2d2d 6566 692d 6469 7265 stall --efi-dire\n+00006970: 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f75 7362 202d ctory=/mnt/usb -\n+00006980: 2d62 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d -boot-directory=\n+00006990: 2f6d 6e74 2f75 7362 2f62 6f6f 7420 2d2d /mnt/usb/boot --\n+000069a0: 7265 6d6f 7661 626c 650a 0a1f 0a46 696c removable....Fil\n+000069b0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+000069c0: 6f64 653a 204d 616b 696e 6720 6120 4752 ode: Making a GR\n+000069d0: 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 UB bootable CD-R\n+000069e0: 4f4d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2044 6576 6963 OM, Next: Devic\n+000069f0: 6520 6d61 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 496e e map, Prev: In\n+00006a00: 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 4220 7573 stalling GRUB us\n+00006a10: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing grub-install\n+00006a20: 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 , Up: Installat\n+00006a30: 696f 6e0a 0a34 2e32 204d 616b 696e 6720 ion..4.2 Making \n+00006a40: 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 a GRUB bootable \n+00006a50: 4344 2d52 4f4d 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d CD-ROM.=========\n 00006a60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00006a70: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4752 5542 2073 7570 706f ====..GRUB suppo\n-00006a80: 7274 7320 7468 6520 e280 9c6e 6f20 656d rts the ...no em\n-00006a90: 756c 6174 696f 6e20 6d6f 6465 e280 9d20 ulation mode... \n-00006aa0: 696e 2074 6865 2045 6c20 546f 7269 746f in the El Torito\n-00006ab0: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2831 specification(1\n-00006ac0: 290a 282a 6e6f 7465 204d 616b 696e 6720 ).(*note Making \n-00006ad0: 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 a GRUB bootable \n-00006ae0: 4344 2d52 4f4d 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d CD-ROM-Footnote-\n-00006af0: 313a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e 1::). This mean\n-00006b00: 7320 7468 6174 2079 6f75 0a63 616e 2075 s that you.can u\n-00006b10: 7365 2074 6865 2077 686f 6c65 2043 442d se the whole CD-\n-00006b20: 524f 4d20 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 4220 616e ROM from GRUB an\n-00006b30: 6420 796f 7520 646f 6e27 7420 6861 7665 d you don't have\n-00006b40: 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 2061 2066 6c6f 7070 to make a flopp\n-00006b50: 790a 6f72 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b 2069 y.or hard disk i\n-00006b60: 6d61 6765 2066 696c 652c 2077 6869 6368 mage file, which\n-00006b70: 2063 616e 2063 6175 7365 2063 6f6d 7061 can cause compa\n-00006b80: 7469 6269 6c69 7479 2070 726f 626c 656d tibility problem\n-00006b90: 732e 0a0a 2020 2046 6f72 2062 6f6f 7469 s... For booti\n-00006ba0: 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 6120 4344 2d52 4f4d ng from a CD-ROM\n-00006bb0: 2c20 4752 5542 2075 7365 7320 6120 7370 , GRUB uses a sp\n-00006bc0: 6563 6961 6c20 696d 6167 6520 6361 6c6c ecial image call\n-00006bd0: 6564 0ae2 8098 6364 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 ed....cdboot.img\n-00006be0: e280 992c 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 636f ..., which is co\n-00006bf0: 6e63 6174 656e 6174 6564 2077 6974 6820 ncatenated with \n-00006c00: e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2e20 ...core.img.... \n-00006c10: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 The ...core.img\n-00006c20: e280 990a 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2074 6869 ....used for thi\n-00006c30: 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6275 696c s should be buil\n-00006c40: 7420 7769 7468 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 t with at least \n-00006c50: 7468 6520 e280 9869 736f 3936 3630 e280 the ...iso9660..\n-00006c60: 9920 616e 6420 e280 9862 696f 7364 6973 . and ...biosdis\n-00006c70: 6be2 8099 0a6d 6f64 756c 6573 2e20 2059 k....modules. Y\n-00006c80: 6f75 7220 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2043 442d our bootable CD-\n-00006c90: 524f 4d20 7769 6c6c 2075 7375 616c 6c79 ROM will usually\n-00006ca0: 2061 6c73 6f20 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 696e also need to in\n-00006cb0: 636c 7564 6520 610a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 clude a.configur\n-00006cc0: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 6772 ation file ...gr\n-00006cd0: 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 616e 6420 736f ub.cfg... and so\n-00006ce0: 6d65 206f 7468 6572 2047 5255 4220 6d6f me other GRUB mo\n-00006cf0: 6475 6c65 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 6d61 dules... To ma\n-00006d00: 6b65 2061 2073 696d 706c 6520 6765 6e65 ke a simple gene\n-00006d10: 7269 6320 4752 5542 2072 6573 6375 6520 ric GRUB rescue \n-00006d20: 4344 2c20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7573 6520 CD, you can use \n-00006d30: 7468 650a e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 the....grub-mkre\n-00006d40: 7363 7565 e280 9920 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 scue... program \n-00006d50: 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (*note Invoking \n-00006d60: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 653a 3a29 grub-mkrescue::)\n-00006d70: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2420 6772 7562 2d6d :.. $ grub-m\n-00006d80: 6b72 6573 6375 6520 2d6f 2067 7275 622e krescue -o grub.\n-00006d90: 6973 6f0a 0a20 2020 596f 7520 7769 6c6c iso.. You will\n-00006da0: 206f 6674 656e 206e 6565 6420 746f 2069 often need to i\n-00006db0: 6e63 6c75 6465 206f 7468 6572 2066 696c nclude other fil\n-00006dc0: 6573 2069 6e20 796f 7572 2069 6d61 6765 es in your image\n-00006dd0: 2e20 2054 6f20 646f 0a74 6869 732c 2066 . To do.this, f\n-00006de0: 6972 7374 206d 616b 6520 6120 746f 7020 irst make a top \n-00006df0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 666f 7220 7468 directory for th\n-00006e00: 6520 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2069 6d61 6765 e bootable image\n-00006e10: 2c20 7361 792c 20e2 8098 6973 6fe2 8099 , say, ...iso...\n-00006e20: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2420 6d6b 6469 7220 :.. $ mkdir \n-00006e30: 6973 6f0a 0a20 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2064 iso.. Make a d\n-00006e40: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2066 6f72 2047 5255 irectory for GRU\n-00006e50: 423a 0a0a 2020 2020 2024 206d 6b64 6972 B:.. $ mkdir\n-00006e60: 202d 7020 6973 6f2f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 -p iso/boot/gru\n-00006e70: 620a 0a20 2020 4966 2064 6573 6972 6564 b.. If desired\n-00006e80: 2c20 6d61 6b65 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 , make the confi\n-00006e90: 6720 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 g file ...grub.c\n-00006ea0: 6667 e280 9920 756e 6465 7220 e280 9869 fg... under ...i\n-00006eb0: 736f 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 990a so/boot/grub....\n-00006ec0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 (*note Configura\n-00006ed0: 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 2063 6f70 tion::), and cop\n-00006ee0: 7920 616e 7920 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 y any files and \n-00006ef0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 7320 666f 7220 directories for \n-00006f00: 7468 6520 6469 7363 0a74 6f20 7468 6520 the disc.to the \n-00006f10: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 e280 9869 736f directory ...iso\n-00006f20: 2fe2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 4669 6e61 6c6c /...... Finall\n-00006f30: 792c 206d 616b 6520 7468 6520 696d 6167 y, make the imag\n-00006f40: 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2024 2067 7275 622d e:.. $ grub-\n-00006f50: 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 202d 6f20 6772 7562 mkrescue -o grub\n-00006f60: 2e69 736f 2069 736f 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 .iso iso.. Thi\n-00006f70: 7320 7072 6f64 7563 6573 2061 2066 696c s produces a fil\n-00006f80: 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 e280 9867 7275 622e e named ...grub.\n-00006f90: 6973 6fe2 8099 2c20 7768 6963 6820 7468 iso..., which th\n-00006fa0: 656e 2063 616e 2062 6520 6275 726e 6564 en can be burned\n-00006fb0: 2069 6e74 6f0a 6120 4344 2028 6f72 2061 into.a CD (or a\n-00006fc0: 2044 5644 292c 206f 7220 7772 6974 7465 DVD), or writte\n-00006fd0: 6e20 746f 2061 2055 5342 206d 6173 7320 n to a USB mass \n-00006fe0: 7374 6f72 6167 6520 6465 7669 6365 2e0a storage device..\n-00006ff0: 0a20 2020 5468 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6576 . The root dev\n-00007000: 6963 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7365 7420 ice will be set \n-00007010: 7570 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 6c79 up appropriately\n-00007020: 206f 6e20 656e 7465 7269 6e67 2079 6f75 on entering you\n-00007030: 720a e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 r....grub.cfg...\n-00007040: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n-00007050: 696c 652c 2073 6f20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 ile, so you can \n-00007060: 7265 6665 7220 746f 2066 696c 6520 6e61 refer to file na\n-00007070: 6d65 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2043 440a 7769 mes on the CD.wi\n-00007080: 7468 6f75 7420 6e65 6564 696e 6720 746f thout needing to\n-00007090: 2075 7365 2061 6e20 6578 706c 6963 6974 use an explicit\n-000070a0: 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2e20 2054 device name. T\n-000070b0: 6869 7320 6d61 6b65 7320 6974 2065 6173 his makes it eas\n-000070c0: 6965 7220 746f 0a70 726f 6475 6365 2072 ier to.produce r\n-000070d0: 6573 6375 6520 696d 6167 6573 2074 6861 escue images tha\n-000070e0: 7420 7769 6c6c 2077 6f72 6b20 6f6e 2062 t will work on b\n-000070f0: 6f74 6820 6f70 7469 6361 6c20 6472 6976 oth optical driv\n-00007100: 6573 2061 6e64 2055 5342 206d 6173 730a es and USB mass.\n-00007110: 7374 6f72 6167 6520 6465 7669 6365 732e storage devices.\n-00007120: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00007130: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d61 6b69 nfo, Node: Maki\n-00007140: 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f 6f74 6162 ng a GRUB bootab\n-00007150: 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d2d 466f 6f74 6e6f le CD-ROM-Footno\n-00007160: 7465 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4d61 6b69 6e67 tes, Up: Making\n-00007170: 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 a GRUB bootable\n-00007180: 2043 442d 524f 4d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 CD-ROM.. (1) \n-00007190: 456c 2054 6f72 6974 6f20 6973 2061 2073 El Torito is a s\n-000071a0: 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 pecification for\n-000071b0: 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 2075 7369 bootable CD usi\n-000071c0: 6e67 2042 494f 530a 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e ng BIOS.function\n-000071d0: 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 s.....File: grub\n-000071e0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 .info, Node: De\n-000071f0: 7669 6365 206d 6170 2c20 204e 6578 743a vice map, Next:\n-00007200: 2042 494f 5320 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 BIOS installati\n-00007210: 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204d 616b 696e on, Prev: Makin\n-00007220: 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c g a GRUB bootabl\n-00007230: 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 2c20 2055 703a 2049 e CD-ROM, Up: I\n-00007240: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a 0a34 2e33 nstallation..4.3\n-00007250: 2054 6865 206d 6170 2062 6574 7765 656e The map between\n-00007260: 2042 494f 5320 6472 6976 6573 2061 6e64 BIOS drives and\n-00007270: 204f 5320 6465 7669 6365 730a 3d3d 3d3d OS devices.====\n+00006a70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4752 5542 2073 ========..GRUB s\n+00006a80: 7570 706f 7274 7320 7468 6520 e280 9c6e upports the ...n\n+00006a90: 6f20 656d 756c 6174 696f 6e20 6d6f 6465 o emulation mode\n+00006aa0: e280 9d20 696e 2074 6865 2045 6c20 546f ... in the El To\n+00006ab0: 7269 746f 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 rito specificati\n+00006ac0: 6f6e 2831 290a 282a 6e6f 7465 204d 616b on(1).(*note Mak\n+00006ad0: 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 ing a GRUB boota\n+00006ae0: 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 2d46 6f6f 746e ble CD-ROM-Footn\n+00006af0: 6f74 652d 313a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 7320 ote-1::). This \n+00006b00: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 2079 6f75 0a63 means that you.c\n+00006b10: 616e 2075 7365 2074 6865 2077 686f 6c65 an use the whole\n+00006b20: 2043 442d 524f 4d20 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 CD-ROM from GRU\n+00006b30: 4220 616e 6420 796f 7520 646f 6e27 7420 B and you don't \n+00006b40: 6861 7665 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 2061 2066 have to make a f\n+00006b50: 6c6f 7070 790a 6f72 2068 6172 6420 6469 loppy.or hard di\n+00006b60: 736b 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c 652c 2077 sk image file, w\n+00006b70: 6869 6368 2063 616e 2063 6175 7365 2063 hich can cause c\n+00006b80: 6f6d 7061 7469 6269 6c69 7479 2070 726f ompatibility pro\n+00006b90: 626c 656d 732e 0a0a 2020 2046 6f72 2062 blems... For b\n+00006ba0: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 6120 4344 ooting from a CD\n+00006bb0: 2d52 4f4d 2c20 4752 5542 2075 7365 7320 -ROM, GRUB uses \n+00006bc0: 6120 7370 6563 6961 6c20 696d 6167 6520 a special image \n+00006bd0: 6361 6c6c 6564 0ae2 8098 6364 626f 6f74 called....cdboot\n+00006be0: 2e69 6d67 e280 992c 2077 6869 6368 2069 .img..., which i\n+00006bf0: 7320 636f 6e63 6174 656e 6174 6564 2077 s concatenated w\n+00006c00: 6974 6820 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 ith ...core.img.\n+00006c10: 8099 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 636f 7265 ... The ...core\n+00006c20: 2e69 6d67 e280 990a 7573 6564 2066 6f72 .img....used for\n+00006c30: 2074 6869 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 this should be \n+00006c40: 6275 696c 7420 7769 7468 2061 7420 6c65 built with at le\n+00006c50: 6173 7420 7468 6520 e280 9869 736f 3936 ast the ...iso96\n+00006c60: 3630 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9862 696f 60... and ...bio\n+00006c70: 7364 6973 6be2 8099 0a6d 6f64 756c 6573 sdisk....modules\n+00006c80: 2e20 2059 6f75 7220 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 . Your bootable\n+00006c90: 2043 442d 524f 4d20 7769 6c6c 2075 7375 CD-ROM will usu\n+00006ca0: 616c 6c79 2061 6c73 6f20 6e65 6564 2074 ally also need t\n+00006cb0: 6f20 696e 636c 7564 6520 610a 636f 6e66 o include a.conf\n+00006cc0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 20e2 iguration file .\n+00006cd0: 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 616e ..grub.cfg... an\n+00006ce0: 6420 736f 6d65 206f 7468 6572 2047 5255 d some other GRU\n+00006cf0: 4220 6d6f 6475 6c65 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 B modules... T\n+00006d00: 6f20 6d61 6b65 2061 2073 696d 706c 6520 o make a simple \n+00006d10: 6765 6e65 7269 6320 4752 5542 2072 6573 generic GRUB res\n+00006d20: 6375 6520 4344 2c20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 cue CD, you can \n+00006d30: 7573 6520 7468 650a e280 9867 7275 622d use the....grub-\n+00006d40: 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 e280 9920 7072 6f67 mkrescue... prog\n+00006d50: 7261 6d20 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b ram (*note Invok\n+00006d60: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 ing grub-mkrescu\n+00006d70: 653a 3a29 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2420 6772 e::):.. $ gr\n+00006d80: 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 6520 2d6f 2067 ub-mkrescue -o g\n+00006d90: 7275 622e 6973 6f0a 0a20 2020 596f 7520 rub.iso.. You \n+00006da0: 7769 6c6c 206f 6674 656e 206e 6565 6420 will often need \n+00006db0: 746f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 206f 7468 6572 to include other\n+00006dc0: 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 796f 7572 2069 files in your i\n+00006dd0: 6d61 6765 2e20 2054 6f20 646f 0a74 6869 mage. To do.thi\n+00006de0: 732c 2066 6972 7374 206d 616b 6520 6120 s, first make a \n+00006df0: 746f 7020 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 666f top directory fo\n+00006e00: 7220 7468 6520 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2069 r the bootable i\n+00006e10: 6d61 6765 2c20 7361 792c 20e2 8098 6973 mage, say, ...is\n+00006e20: 6fe2 8099 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2420 6d6b o...:.. $ mk\n+00006e30: 6469 7220 6973 6f0a 0a20 2020 4d61 6b65 dir iso.. Make\n+00006e40: 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2066 6f72 a directory for\n+00006e50: 2047 5255 423a 0a0a 2020 2020 2024 206d GRUB:.. $ m\n+00006e60: 6b64 6972 202d 7020 6973 6f2f 626f 6f74 kdir -p iso/boot\n+00006e70: 2f67 7275 620a 0a20 2020 4966 2064 6573 /grub.. If des\n+00006e80: 6972 6564 2c20 6d61 6b65 2074 6865 2063 ired, make the c\n+00006e90: 6f6e 6669 6720 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 6772 onfig file ...gr\n+00006ea0: 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 756e 6465 7220 ub.cfg... under \n+00006eb0: e280 9869 736f 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 ...iso/boot/grub\n+00006ec0: e280 990a 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 6f6e 6669 ....(*note Confi\n+00006ed0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 guration::), and\n+00006ee0: 2063 6f70 7920 616e 7920 6669 6c65 7320 copy any files \n+00006ef0: 616e 6420 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 7320 and directories \n+00006f00: 666f 7220 7468 6520 6469 7363 0a74 6f20 for the disc.to \n+00006f10: 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 e280 the directory ..\n+00006f20: 9869 736f 2fe2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 4669 .iso/...... Fi\n+00006f30: 6e61 6c6c 792c 206d 616b 6520 7468 6520 nally, make the \n+00006f40: 696d 6167 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2024 2067 image:.. $ g\n+00006f50: 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 202d 6f20 rub-mkrescue -o \n+00006f60: 6772 7562 2e69 736f 2069 736f 0a0a 2020 grub.iso iso.. \n+00006f70: 2054 6869 7320 7072 6f64 7563 6573 2061 This produces a\n+00006f80: 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 e280 9867 file named ...g\n+00006f90: 7275 622e 6973 6fe2 8099 2c20 7768 6963 rub.iso..., whic\n+00006fa0: 6820 7468 656e 2063 616e 2062 6520 6275 h then can be bu\n+00006fb0: 726e 6564 2069 6e74 6f0a 6120 4344 2028 rned into.a CD (\n+00006fc0: 6f72 2061 2044 5644 292c 206f 7220 7772 or a DVD), or wr\n+00006fd0: 6974 7465 6e20 746f 2061 2055 5342 206d itten to a USB m\n+00006fe0: 6173 7320 7374 6f72 6167 6520 6465 7669 ass storage devi\n+00006ff0: 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 726f 6f74 ce... The root\n+00007000: 2064 6576 6963 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 device will be \n+00007010: 7365 7420 7570 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 set up appropria\n+00007020: 7465 6c79 206f 6e20 656e 7465 7269 6e67 tely on entering\n+00007030: 2079 6f75 720a e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 your....grub.cf\n+00007040: 67e2 8099 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 g... configurati\n+00007050: 6f6e 2066 696c 652c 2073 6f20 796f 7520 on file, so you \n+00007060: 6361 6e20 7265 6665 7220 746f 2066 696c can refer to fil\n+00007070: 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2043 e names on the C\n+00007080: 440a 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6e65 6564 696e D.without needin\n+00007090: 6720 746f 2075 7365 2061 6e20 6578 706c g to use an expl\n+000070a0: 6963 6974 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 icit device name\n+000070b0: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d61 6b65 7320 6974 . This makes it\n+000070c0: 2065 6173 6965 7220 746f 0a70 726f 6475 easier to.produ\n+000070d0: 6365 2072 6573 6375 6520 696d 6167 6573 ce rescue images\n+000070e0: 2074 6861 7420 7769 6c6c 2077 6f72 6b20 that will work \n+000070f0: 6f6e 2062 6f74 6820 6f70 7469 6361 6c20 on both optical \n+00007100: 6472 6976 6573 2061 6e64 2055 5342 206d drives and USB m\n+00007110: 6173 730a 7374 6f72 6167 6520 6465 7669 ass.storage devi\n+00007120: 6365 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ces.....File: gr\n+00007130: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00007140: 4d61 6b69 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f Making a GRUB bo\n+00007150: 6f74 6162 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d2d 466f otable CD-ROM-Fo\n+00007160: 6f74 6e6f 7465 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4d61 otnotes, Up: Ma\n+00007170: 6b69 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f 6f74 king a GRUB boot\n+00007180: 6162 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d0a 0a20 2020 able CD-ROM.. \n+00007190: 2831 2920 456c 2054 6f72 6974 6f20 6973 (1) El Torito is\n+000071a0: 2061 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e a specification\n+000071b0: 2066 6f72 2062 6f6f 7461 626c 6520 4344 for bootable CD\n+000071c0: 2075 7369 6e67 2042 494f 530a 6675 6e63 using BIOS.func\n+000071d0: 7469 6f6e 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 tions.....File: \n+000071e0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+000071f0: 3a20 4465 7669 6365 206d 6170 2c20 204e : Device map, N\n+00007200: 6578 743a 2042 494f 5320 696e 7374 616c ext: BIOS instal\n+00007210: 6c61 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204d lation, Prev: M\n+00007220: 616b 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f aking a GRUB boo\n+00007230: 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 2c20 2055 table CD-ROM, U\n+00007240: 703a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a p: Installation.\n+00007250: 0a34 2e33 2054 6865 206d 6170 2062 6574 .4.3 The map bet\n+00007260: 7765 656e 2042 494f 5320 6472 6976 6573 ween BIOS drives\n+00007270: 2061 6e64 204f 5320 6465 7669 6365 730a and OS devices.\n 00007280: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00007290: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000072a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4966 2074 ==========..If t\n-000072b0: 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 6d61 7020 6669 he device map fi\n-000072c0: 6c65 2065 7869 7374 732c 2074 6865 2047 le exists, the G\n-000072d0: 5255 4220 7574 696c 6974 6965 7320 28e2 RUB utilities (.\n-000072e0: 8098 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 e280 992c ..grub-probe...,\n-000072f0: 2065 7463 2e29 0a72 6561 6420 6974 2074 etc.).read it t\n-00007300: 6f20 6d61 7020 4249 4f53 2064 7269 7665 o map BIOS drive\n-00007310: 7320 746f 204f 5320 6465 7669 6365 732e s to OS devices.\n-00007320: 2020 5468 6973 2066 696c 6520 636f 6e73 This file cons\n-00007330: 6973 7473 206f 6620 6c69 6e65 730a 6c69 ists of lines.li\n-00007340: 6b65 2074 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2028 ke this:.. (\n-00007350: 4445 5649 4345 2920 4649 4c45 0a0a 2020 DEVICE) FILE.. \n-00007360: 2044 4556 4943 4520 6973 2061 2064 7269 DEVICE is a dri\n-00007370: 7665 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2069 6e20 ve specified in \n-00007380: 7468 6520 4752 5542 2073 796e 7461 7820 the GRUB syntax \n-00007390: 282a 6e6f 7465 2044 6576 6963 650a 7379 (*note Device.sy\n-000073a0: 6e74 6178 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 2046 494c ntax::), and FIL\n-000073b0: 4520 6973 2061 6e20 4f53 2066 696c 652c E is an OS file,\n-000073c0: 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 6e6f 726d 616c which is normal\n-000073d0: 6c79 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 6669 6c65 ly a device file\n-000073e0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4869 7374 6f72 6963 616c ... Historical\n-000073f0: 6c79 2c20 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206d ly, the device m\n-00007400: 6170 2066 696c 6520 7761 7320 7573 6564 ap file was used\n-00007410: 2062 6563 6175 7365 2047 5255 4220 6465 because GRUB de\n-00007420: 7669 6365 206e 616d 6573 0a68 6164 2074 vice names.had t\n-00007430: 6f20 6265 2075 7365 6420 696e 2074 6865 o be used in the\n-00007440: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n-00007450: 696c 652c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 7920 7765 ile, and they we\n-00007460: 7265 2064 6572 6976 6564 2066 726f 6d0a re derived from.\n-00007470: 4249 4f53 2064 7269 7665 206e 756d 6265 BIOS drive numbe\n-00007480: 7273 2e20 2054 6865 206d 6170 2062 6574 rs. The map bet\n-00007490: 7765 656e 2042 494f 5320 6472 6976 6573 ween BIOS drives\n-000074a0: 2061 6e64 204f 5320 6465 7669 6365 7320 and OS devices \n-000074b0: 6361 6e6e 6f74 0a61 6c77 6179 7320 6265 cannot.always be\n-000074c0: 2067 7565 7373 6564 2063 6f72 7265 6374 guessed correct\n-000074d0: 6c79 3a20 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c ly: for example,\n-000074e0: 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2067 6574 2074 GRUB will get t\n-000074f0: 6865 206f 7264 6572 2077 726f 6e67 0a69 he order wrong.i\n-00007500: 6620 796f 7520 6578 6368 616e 6765 2074 f you exchange t\n-00007510: 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7365 7175 656e 6365 he boot sequence\n-00007520: 2062 6574 7765 656e 2049 4445 2061 6e64 between IDE and\n-00007530: 2053 4353 4920 696e 2079 6f75 7220 4249 SCSI in your BI\n-00007540: 4f53 2e0a 0a20 2020 556e 666f 7274 756e OS... Unfortun\n-00007550: 6174 656c 792c 2065 7665 6e20 4f53 2064 ately, even OS d\n-00007560: 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6172 6520 evice names are \n-00007570: 6e6f 7420 616c 7761 7973 2073 7461 626c not always stabl\n-00007580: 652e 2020 4d6f 6465 726e 0a76 6572 7369 e. Modern.versi\n-00007590: 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 ons of the Linux\n-000075a0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6d61 7920 7072 6f62 kernel may prob\n-000075b0: 6520 6472 6976 6573 2069 6e20 6120 6469 e drives in a di\n-000075c0: 6666 6572 656e 7420 6f72 6465 7220 6672 fferent order fr\n-000075d0: 6f6d 0a62 6f6f 7420 746f 2062 6f6f 742c om.boot to boot,\n-000075e0: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2070 7265 6669 7820 and the prefix \n-000075f0: 28e2 8098 2f64 6576 2f68 642a e280 9920 (.../dev/hd*... \n-00007600: 7665 7273 7573 20e2 8098 2f64 6576 2f73 versus .../dev/s\n-00007610: 642a e280 9929 206d 6179 2063 6861 6e67 d*...) may chang\n-00007620: 650a 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 2074 e.depending on t\n-00007630: 6865 2064 7269 7665 7220 7375 6273 7973 he driver subsys\n-00007640: 7465 6d20 696e 2075 7365 2e20 2041 7320 tem in use. As \n-00007650: 6120 7265 7375 6c74 2c20 7468 6520 6465 a result, the de\n-00007660: 7669 6365 206d 6170 0a66 696c 6520 7265 vice map.file re\n-00007670: 7175 6972 6564 2066 7265 7175 656e 7420 quired frequent \n-00007680: 6564 6974 696e 6720 6f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 editing on some \n-00007690: 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 systems... GRU\n-000076a0: 4220 6176 6f69 6473 2074 6869 7320 7072 B avoids this pr\n-000076b0: 6f62 6c65 6d20 6e6f 7761 6461 7973 2062 oblem nowadays b\n-000076c0: 7920 7573 696e 6720 5555 4944 7320 6f72 y using UUIDs or\n-000076d0: 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 0a6c 6162 file system.lab\n-000076e0: 656c 7320 7768 656e 2067 656e 6572 6174 els when generat\n-000076f0: 696e 6720 e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 67e2 ing ...grub.cfg.\n-00007700: 8099 2c20 616e 6420 7765 2061 6476 6973 .., and we advis\n-00007710: 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2064 6f20 7468 e that you do th\n-00007720: 6520 7361 6d65 0a66 6f72 2061 6e79 2063 e same.for any c\n-00007730: 7573 746f 6d20 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 ustom menu entri\n-00007740: 6573 2079 6f75 2077 7269 7465 2e20 2049 es you write. I\n-00007750: 6620 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206d 6170 f the device map\n-00007760: 2066 696c 6520 646f 6573 206e 6f74 0a65 file does not.e\n-00007770: 7869 7374 2c20 7468 656e 2074 6865 2047 xist, then the G\n-00007780: 5255 4220 7574 696c 6974 6965 7320 7769 RUB utilities wi\n-00007790: 6c6c 2061 7373 756d 6520 6120 7465 6d70 ll assume a temp\n-000077a0: 6f72 6172 7920 6465 7669 6365 206d 6170 orary device map\n-000077b0: 206f 6e20 7468 650a 666c 792e 2020 5468 on the.fly. Th\n-000077c0: 6973 2069 7320 6f66 7465 6e20 676f 6f64 is is often good\n-000077d0: 2065 6e6f 7567 682c 2070 6172 7469 6375 enough, particu\n-000077e0: 6c61 726c 7920 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d larly in the com\n-000077f0: 6d6f 6e20 6361 7365 206f 660a 7369 6e67 mon case of.sing\n-00007800: 6c65 2d64 6973 6b20 7379 7374 656d 732e le-disk systems.\n-00007810: 0a0a 2020 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 .. However, th\n-00007820: 6520 6465 7669 6365 206d 6170 2066 696c e device map fil\n-00007830: 6520 6973 206e 6f74 2065 6e74 6972 656c e is not entirel\n-00007840: 7920 6f62 736f 6c65 7465 2079 6574 2c20 y obsolete yet, \n-00007850: 616e 6420 6974 2069 730a 7573 6564 2066 and it is.used f\n-00007860: 6f72 206f 7665 7272 6964 696e 6720 7768 or overriding wh\n-00007870: 656e 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2065 6e76 6972 en current envir\n-00007880: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 6469 6666 6572 onment is differ\n-00007890: 656e 7420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 206f 6e65 ent from the one\n-000078a0: 0a6f 6e20 626f 6f74 2e20 204d 6f73 7420 .on boot. Most \n-000078b0: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2063 6173 6520 6973 2069 common case is i\n-000078c0: 6620 796f 7520 7573 6520 6120 7061 7274 f you use a part\n-000078d0: 6974 696f 6e20 6f72 206c 6f67 6963 616c ition or logical\n-000078e0: 2076 6f6c 756d 650a 6173 2061 2064 6973 volume.as a dis\n-000078f0: 6b20 666f 7220 7669 7274 7561 6c20 6d61 k for virtual ma\n-00007900: 6368 696e 652e 2020 596f 7520 6361 6e20 chine. You can \n-00007910: 7075 7420 616e 7920 636f 6d6d 656e 7473 put any comments\n-00007920: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2069 660a in the file if.\n-00007930: 6e65 6564 6564 2c20 6173 2074 6865 2047 needed, as the G\n-00007940: 5255 4220 7574 696c 6974 6965 7320 6173 RUB utilities as\n-00007950: 7375 6d65 2074 6861 7420 6120 6c69 6e65 sume that a line\n-00007960: 2069 7320 6a75 7374 2061 2063 6f6d 6d65 is just a comme\n-00007970: 6e74 2069 660a 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 nt if.the first \n-00007980: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 6973 20e2 8098 character is ...\n-00007990: 23e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 #........File: g\n-000079a0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-000079b0: 2042 494f 5320 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 BIOS installati\n-000079c0: 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2044 6576 6963 on, Prev: Devic\n-000079d0: 6520 6d61 702c 2020 5570 3a20 496e 7374 e map, Up: Inst\n-000079e0: 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 0a0a 342e 3420 4249 allation..4.4 BI\n-000079f0: 4f53 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a OS installation.\n-00007a00: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00007a10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a4d 4252 0a3d 3d3d 0a0a =====..MBR.===..\n-00007a20: 5468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7461 The partition ta\n-00007a30: 626c 6520 666f 726d 6174 2074 7261 6469 ble format tradi\n-00007a40: 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2075 7365 6420 6f6e tionally used on\n-00007a50: 2050 4320 4249 4f53 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 PC BIOS platfor\n-00007a60: 6d73 2069 730a 6361 6c6c 6564 2074 6865 ms is.called the\n-00007a70: 204d 6173 7465 7220 426f 6f74 2052 6563 Master Boot Rec\n-00007a80: 6f72 6420 284d 4252 2920 666f 726d 6174 ord (MBR) format\n-00007a90: 3b20 7468 6973 2069 7320 7468 6520 666f ; this is the fo\n-00007aa0: 726d 6174 2074 6861 740a 616c 6c6f 7773 rmat that.allows\n-00007ab0: 2075 7020 746f 2066 6f75 7220 7072 696d up to four prim\n-00007ac0: 6172 7920 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 2061 ary partitions a\n-00007ad0: 6e64 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 6c6f nd additional lo\n-00007ae0: 6769 6361 6c20 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 gical partitions\n-00007af0: 2e0a 5769 7468 2074 6869 7320 7061 7274 ..With this part\n-00007b00: 6974 696f 6e20 7461 626c 6520 666f 726d ition table form\n-00007b10: 6174 2c20 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 7477 at, there are tw\n-00007b20: 6f20 7761 7973 2074 6f20 696e 7374 616c o ways to instal\n-00007b30: 6c20 4752 5542 3a20 6974 0a63 616e 2062 l GRUB: it.can b\n-00007b40: 6520 656d 6265 6464 6564 2069 6e20 7468 e embedded in th\n-00007b50: 6520 6172 6561 2062 6574 7765 656e 2074 e area between t\n-00007b60: 6865 204d 4252 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2066 he MBR and the f\n-00007b70: 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a28 irst partition.(\n-00007b80: 6361 6c6c 6564 2062 7920 7661 7269 6f75 called by variou\n-00007b90: 7320 6e61 6d65 732c 2073 7563 6820 6173 s names, such as\n-00007ba0: 2074 6865 2022 626f 6f74 2074 7261 636b the \"boot track\n-00007bb0: 222c 2022 4d42 5220 6761 7022 2c20 6f72 \", \"MBR gap\", or\n-00007bc0: 0a22 656d 6265 6464 696e 6720 6172 6561 .\"embedding area\n-00007bd0: 222c 2061 6e64 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 \", and which is \n-00007be0: 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6174 206c 6561 7374 usually at least\n-00007bf0: 2031 3030 3020 4b69 4229 2c20 6f72 2074 1000 KiB), or t\n-00007c00: 6865 2063 6f72 650a 696d 6167 6520 6361 he core.image ca\n-00007c10: 6e20 6265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2069 n be installed i\n-00007c20: 6e20 6120 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 n a file system \n-00007c30: 616e 6420 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7468 and a list of th\n-00007c40: 6520 626c 6f63 6b73 2074 6861 740a 6d61 e blocks that.ma\n-00007c50: 6b65 2069 7420 7570 2063 616e 2062 6520 ke it up can be \n-00007c60: 7374 6f72 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6669 stored in the fi\n-00007c70: 7273 7420 7365 6374 6f72 206f 6620 7468 rst sector of th\n-00007c80: 6174 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 at partition... \n-00007c90: 2020 4d6f 6465 726e 2074 6f6f 6c73 2075 Modern tools u\n-00007ca0: 7375 616c 6c79 206c 6561 7665 204d 4252 sually leave MBR\n-00007cb0: 2067 6170 206f 6620 6174 206c 6561 7374 gap of at least\n-00007cc0: 2031 3032 3320 4b69 422e 2054 6869 7320 1023 KiB. This \n-00007cd0: 616d 6f75 6e74 0a69 7320 7375 6666 6963 amount.is suffic\n-00007ce0: 6965 6e74 2074 6f20 636f 7665 7220 6d6f ient to cover mo\n-00007cf0: 7374 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e st configuration\n-00007d00: 732e 2020 4865 6e63 6520 7468 6973 2076 s. Hence this v\n-00007d10: 616c 7565 2069 730a 7265 636f 6d6d 656e alue is.recommen\n-00007d20: 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 ded by the GRUB \n-00007d30: 7465 616d 2e0a 0a20 2020 4869 7374 6f72 team... Histor\n-00007d40: 6963 616c 6c79 206d 616e 7920 746f 6f6c ically many tool\n-00007d50: 7320 6c65 6674 206f 6e6c 7920 3331 204b s left only 31 K\n-00007d60: 6942 206f 6620 7370 6163 652e 2020 5468 iB of space. Th\n-00007d70: 6973 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 656e 6f75 6768 is is not.enough\n-00007d80: 2074 6f20 7061 7273 6520 7265 6c69 6162 to parse reliab\n-00007d90: 6c79 2064 6966 6669 6375 6c74 2073 7472 ly difficult str\n-00007da0: 7563 7475 7265 7320 6c69 6b65 2042 7472 uctures like Btr\n-00007db0: 6673 2c20 5a46 532c 2052 4149 4420 6f72 fs, ZFS, RAID or\n-00007dc0: 0a4c 564d 2c20 6f72 2074 6f20 7573 6520 .LVM, or to use \n-00007dd0: 6469 6666 6963 756c 7420 6469 736b 2061 difficult disk a\n-00007de0: 6363 6573 7320 6d65 7468 6f64 7320 6c69 ccess methods li\n-00007df0: 6b65 2061 6863 692e 2020 4865 6e63 6520 ke ahci. Hence \n-00007e00: 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c0a 7761 726e 2069 GRUB will.warn i\n-00007e10: 6620 6174 7465 6d70 7465 6420 746f 2069 f attempted to i\n-00007e20: 6e73 7461 6c6c 2069 6e74 6f20 736d 616c nstall into smal\n-00007e30: 6c20 4d42 5220 6761 7020 6578 6365 7074 l MBR gap except\n-00007e40: 2069 6e20 6120 736d 616c 6c20 6e75 6d62 in a small numb\n-00007e50: 6572 0a6f 6620 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 er.of configurat\n-00007e60: 696f 6e73 2074 6861 7420 7765 7265 2067 ions that were g\n-00007e70: 7261 6e64 6661 7468 6572 6564 2e20 2054 randfathered. T\n-00007e80: 6865 2067 7261 6e64 6661 7468 6572 6564 he grandfathered\n-00007e90: 2063 6f6e 6669 670a 6d75 7374 3a0a 0a20 config.must:.. \n-00007ea0: 2020 e280 a220 7573 6520 6269 6f73 6469 ... use biosdi\n-00007eb0: 736b 2061 7320 6469 736b 2061 6363 6573 sk as disk acces\n-00007ec0: 7320 6d6f 6475 6c65 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 s module for ...\n-00007ed0: 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 /boot..... ...\n-00007ee0: 206e 6f74 2075 7365 2061 6e79 2061 6464 not use any add\n-00007ef0: 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 7061 7274 6974 696f itional partitio\n-00007f00: 6e20 6d61 7073 2074 6f20 6163 6365 7373 n maps to access\n-00007f10: 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 0a0a 2020 .../boot..... \n-00007f20: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 ... .../boot...\n-00007f30: 206d 7573 7420 6265 206f 6e20 6f6e 6520 must be on one \n-00007f40: 6f66 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2066 696c of following fil\n-00007f50: 6573 7973 7465 6d73 3a20 4146 4653 2c20 esystems: AFFS, \n-00007f60: 4146 532c 2042 4653 2c0a 2020 2020 2063 AFS, BFS,. c\n-00007f70: 7069 6f2c 206e 6577 632c 206f 6463 2c20 pio, newc, odc, \n-00007f80: 6578 7432 2f33 2f34 2c20 4641 542c 2065 ext2/3/4, FAT, e\n-00007f90: 7846 4154 2c20 4632 4653 2c20 4846 532c xFAT, F2FS, HFS,\n-00007fa0: 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 640a 2020 uncompressed. \n-00007fb0: 2020 2048 4653 2b2c 2049 534f 3936 3630 HFS+, ISO9660\n-00007fc0: 2c20 4a46 532c 204d 696e 6978 2c20 4d69 , JFS, Minix, Mi\n-00007fd0: 6e69 7832 2c20 4d69 6e69 7833 2c20 4e49 nix2, Minix3, NI\n-00007fe0: 4c46 5332 2c20 4e54 4653 2c20 5265 6973 LFS2, NTFS, Reis\n-00007ff0: 6572 4653 2c0a 2020 2020 2052 4f4d 4653 erFS,. ROMFS\n-00008000: 2c20 5346 532c 2074 6172 2c20 5544 462c , SFS, tar, UDF,\n-00008010: 2055 4653 312c 2055 4653 322c 2058 4653 UFS1, UFS2, XFS\n-00008020: 0a0a 2020 204d 4252 2067 6170 2068 6173 .. MBR gap has\n-00008030: 2066 6577 2074 6563 686e 6963 616c 2070 few technical p\n-00008040: 726f 626c 656d 732e 2020 5468 6572 6520 roblems. There \n-00008050: 6973 206e 6f20 7761 7920 746f 2072 6573 is no way to res\n-00008060: 6572 7665 2073 7061 6365 0a69 6e20 7468 erve space.in th\n-00008070: 6520 656d 6265 6464 696e 6720 6172 6561 e embedding area\n-00008080: 2077 6974 6820 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 2073 with complete s\n-00008090: 6166 6574 792c 2061 6e64 2073 6f6d 6520 afety, and some \n-000080a0: 7072 6f70 7269 6574 6172 790a 736f 6674 proprietary.soft\n-000080b0: 7761 7265 2069 7320 6b6e 6f77 6e20 746f ware is known to\n-000080c0: 2075 7365 2069 7420 746f 206d 616b 6520 use it to make \n-000080d0: 6974 2064 6966 6669 6375 6c74 2066 6f72 it difficult for\n-000080e0: 2075 7365 7273 2074 6f20 776f 726b 0a61 users to work.a\n-000080f0: 726f 756e 6420 6c69 6365 6e73 696e 6720 round licensing \n-00008100: 7265 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e73 2e20 2047 restrictions. G\n-00008110: 5255 4220 776f 726b 7320 6172 6f75 6e64 RUB works around\n-00008120: 2069 7420 6279 2064 6574 6563 7469 6e67 it by detecting\n-00008130: 0a73 6563 746f 7273 2062 7920 6f74 6865 .sectors by othe\n-00008140: 7220 736f 6674 7761 7265 2061 6e64 2061 r software and a\n-00008150: 766f 6964 696e 6720 7468 656d 2061 6e64 voiding them and\n-00008160: 2070 726f 7465 6374 696e 6720 6974 7320 protecting its \n-00008170: 6f77 6e0a 7365 6374 6f72 7320 7573 696e own.sectors usin\n-00008180: 6720 5265 6564 2d53 6f6c 6f6d 6f6e 2065 g Reed-Solomon e\n-00008190: 6e63 6f64 696e 672e 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 ncoding... GRU\n-000081a0: 4220 7465 616d 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 B team recommend\n-000081b0: 7320 6861 7669 6e67 204d 4252 2067 6170 s having MBR gap\n-000081c0: 206f 6620 6174 206c 6561 7374 2031 3030 of at least 100\n-000081d0: 3020 4b69 422e 0a0a 2020 2053 686f 756c 0 KiB... Shoul\n-000081e0: 6420 6974 206e 6f74 2062 6520 706f 7373 d it not be poss\n-000081f0: 6962 6c65 2c20 4752 5542 2068 6173 2073 ible, GRUB has s\n-00008200: 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 2061 2066 616c upport for a fal\n-00008210: 6c62 6163 6b20 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 0a77 lback solution.w\n-00008220: 6869 6368 2069 7320 6865 6176 696c 7920 hich is heavily \n-00008230: 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 6167 6169 recommended agai\n-00008240: 6e73 742e 2020 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 nst. Installing\n-00008250: 2074 6f20 6120 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d to a filesystem\n-00008260: 206d 6561 6e73 0a74 6861 7420 4752 5542 means.that GRUB\n-00008270: 2069 7320 7675 6c6e 6572 6162 6c65 2074 is vulnerable t\n-00008280: 6f20 6974 7320 626c 6f63 6b73 2062 6569 o its blocks bei\n-00008290: 6e67 206d 6f76 6564 2061 726f 756e 6420 ng moved around \n-000082a0: 6279 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d0a 6665 by filesystem.fe\n-000082b0: 6174 7572 6573 2073 7563 6820 6173 2074 atures such as t\n-000082c0: 6169 6c20 7061 636b 696e 672c 206f 7220 ail packing, or \n-000082d0: 6576 656e 2062 7920 6167 6772 6573 7369 even by aggressi\n-000082e0: 7665 2066 7363 6b0a 696d 706c 656d 656e ve fsck.implemen\n-000082f0: 7461 7469 6f6e 732c 2073 6f20 7468 6973 tations, so this\n-00008300: 2061 7070 726f 6163 6820 6973 2071 7569 approach is qui\n-00008310: 7465 2066 7261 6769 6c65 3b20 616e 6420 te fragile; and \n-00008320: 7468 6973 2061 7070 726f 6163 680a 6361 this approach.ca\n-00008330: 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2062 6520 7573 6564 2069 n only be used i\n-00008340: 6620 7468 6520 e280 982f 626f 6f74 e280 f the .../boot..\n-00008350: 9920 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2069 7320 . filesystem is \n-00008360: 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6469 736b on the same disk\n-00008370: 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a 4249 4f53 2062 that the.BIOS b\n-00008380: 6f6f 7473 2066 726f 6d2c 2073 6f20 7468 oots from, so th\n-00008390: 6174 2047 5255 4220 646f 6573 206e 6f74 at GRUB does not\n-000083a0: 2068 6176 6520 746f 2072 656c 7920 6f6e have to rely on\n-000083b0: 2067 7565 7373 696e 6720 4249 4f53 0a64 guessing BIOS.d\n-000083c0: 7269 7665 206e 756d 6265 7273 2e0a 0a20 rive numbers... \n-000083d0: 2020 5468 6520 4752 5542 2064 6576 656c The GRUB devel\n-000083e0: 6f70 6d65 6e74 2074 6561 6d20 6765 6e65 opment team gene\n-000083f0: 7261 6c6c 7920 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6473 rally recommends\n-00008400: 2065 6d62 6564 6469 6e67 2047 5255 4220 embedding GRUB \n-00008410: 6265 666f 7265 0a74 6865 2066 6972 7374 before.the first\n-00008420: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 756e 6c65 partition, unle\n-00008430: 7373 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 7370 6563 ss you have spec\n-00008440: 6961 6c20 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 ial requirements\n-00008450: 2e20 2059 6f75 206d 7573 740a 656e 7375 . You must.ensu\n-00008460: 7265 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6669 7273 re that the firs\n-00008470: 7420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7374 6172 t partition star\n-00008480: 7473 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 3130 3030 ts at least 1000\n-00008490: 204b 6942 2028 3230 3030 2073 6563 746f KiB (2000 secto\n-000084a0: 7273 290a 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2073 7461 rs).from the sta\n-000084b0: 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 6469 736b 3b20 rt of the disk; \n-000084c0: 6f6e 206d 6f64 6572 6e20 6469 736b 732c on modern disks,\n-000084d0: 2069 7420 6973 206f 6674 656e 2061 2070 it is often a p\n-000084e0: 6572 666f 726d 616e 6365 0a61 6476 616e erformance.advan\n-000084f0: 7461 6765 2074 6f20 616c 6967 6e20 7061 tage to align pa\n-00008500: 7274 6974 696f 6e73 206f 6e20 6c61 7267 rtitions on larg\n-00008510: 6572 2062 6f75 6e64 6172 6965 7320 616e er boundaries an\n-00008520: 7977 6179 2c20 736f 2074 6865 2066 6972 yway, so the fir\n-00008530: 7374 0a70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206d 6967 st.partition mig\n-00008540: 6874 2073 7461 7274 2031 204d 6942 2066 ht start 1 MiB f\n-00008550: 726f 6d20 7468 6520 7374 6172 7420 6f66 rom the start of\n-00008560: 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b2e 0a0a 4750 540a the disk...GPT.\n-00008570: 3d3d 3d0a 0a53 6f6d 6520 6e65 7765 7220 ===..Some newer \n-00008580: 7379 7374 656d 7320 7573 6520 7468 6520 systems use the \n-00008590: 4755 4944 2050 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2054 GUID Partition T\n-000085a0: 6162 6c65 2028 4750 5429 2066 6f72 6d61 able (GPT) forma\n-000085b0: 742e 2020 5468 6973 2077 6173 0a73 7065 t. This was.spe\n-000085c0: 6369 6669 6564 2061 7320 7061 7274 206f cified as part o\n-000085d0: 6620 7468 6520 4578 7465 6e73 6962 6c65 f the Extensible\n-000085e0: 2046 6972 6d77 6172 6520 496e 7465 7266 Firmware Interf\n-000085f0: 6163 6520 2845 4649 292c 2062 7574 2069 ace (EFI), but i\n-00008600: 7420 6361 6e0a 616c 736f 2062 6520 7573 t can.also be us\n-00008610: 6564 206f 6e20 4249 4f53 2070 6c61 7466 ed on BIOS platf\n-00008620: 6f72 6d73 2069 6620 7379 7374 656d 2073 orms if system s\n-00008630: 6f66 7477 6172 6520 7375 7070 6f72 7473 oftware supports\n-00008640: 2069 743b 2066 6f72 0a65 7861 6d70 6c65 it; for.example\n-00008650: 2c20 4752 5542 2061 6e64 2047 4e55 2f4c , GRUB and GNU/L\n-00008660: 696e 7578 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 inux can be used\n-00008670: 2069 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 in this configu\n-00008680: 7261 7469 6f6e 2e20 2057 6974 680a 7468 ration. With.th\n-00008690: 6973 2066 6f72 6d61 742c 2069 7420 6973 is format, it is\n-000086a0: 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 746f 2072 6573 possible to res\n-000086b0: 6572 7665 2061 2077 686f 6c65 2070 6172 erve a whole par\n-000086c0: 7469 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2047 5255 422c tition for GRUB,\n-000086d0: 0a63 616c 6c65 6420 7468 6520 4249 4f53 .called the BIOS\n-000086e0: 2042 6f6f 7420 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e2e Boot Partition.\n-000086f0: 2020 4752 5542 2063 616e 2074 6865 6e20 GRUB can then \n-00008700: 6265 2065 6d62 6564 6465 6420 696e 746f be embedded into\n-00008710: 2074 6861 740a 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 that.partition \n-00008720: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7468 6520 7269 736b without the risk\n-00008730: 206f 6620 6265 696e 6720 6f76 6572 7772 of being overwr\n-00008740: 6974 7465 6e20 6279 206f 7468 6572 2073 itten by other s\n-00008750: 6f66 7477 6172 6520 616e 640a 7769 7468 oftware and.with\n-00008760: 6f75 7420 6265 696e 6720 636f 6e74 6169 out being contai\n-00008770: 6e65 6420 696e 2061 2066 696c 6573 7973 ned in a filesys\n-00008780: 7465 6d20 7768 6963 6820 6d69 6768 7420 tem which might \n-00008790: 6d6f 7665 2069 7473 2062 6c6f 636b 730a move its blocks.\n-000087a0: 6172 6f75 6e64 2e0a 0a20 2020 5768 656e around... When\n-000087b0: 2063 7265 6174 696e 6720 6120 4249 4f53 creating a BIOS\n-000087c0: 2042 6f6f 7420 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 Boot Partition \n-000087d0: 6f6e 2061 2047 5054 2073 7973 7465 6d2c on a GPT system,\n-000087e0: 2079 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 6d61 6b65 you should make\n-000087f0: 0a73 7572 6520 7468 6174 2069 7420 6973 .sure that it is\n-00008800: 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 3331 204b 6942 at least 31 KiB\n-00008810: 2069 6e20 7369 7a65 2e20 2028 4750 542d in size. (GPT-\n-00008820: 666f 726d 6174 7465 6420 6469 736b 7320 formatted disks \n-00008830: 6172 6520 6e6f 740a 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 are not.usually \n-00008840: 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 6c79 2073 6d61 particularly sma\n-00008850: 6c6c 2c20 736f 2077 6520 7265 636f 6d6d ll, so we recomm\n-00008860: 656e 6420 7468 6174 2079 6f75 206d 616b end that you mak\n-00008870: 6520 6974 206c 6172 6765 7220 7468 616e e it larger than\n-00008880: 0a74 6865 2062 6172 6520 6d69 6e69 6d75 .the bare minimu\n-00008890: 6d2c 2073 7563 6820 6173 2031 204d 6942 m, such as 1 MiB\n-000088a0: 2c20 746f 2061 6c6c 6f77 2070 6c65 6e74 , to allow plent\n-000088b0: 7920 6f66 2072 6f6f 6d20 666f 7220 6772 y of room for gr\n-000088c0: 6f77 7468 2e29 0a59 6f75 206d 7573 7420 owth.).You must \n-000088d0: 616c 736f 206d 616b 6520 7375 7265 2074 also make sure t\n-000088e0: 6861 7420 6974 2068 6173 2074 6865 2070 hat it has the p\n-000088f0: 726f 7065 7220 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 roper partition \n-00008900: 7479 7065 2e20 2055 7369 6e67 0a47 4e55 type. Using.GNU\n-00008910: 2050 6172 7465 642c 2079 6f75 2063 616e Parted, you can\n-00008920: 2073 6574 2074 6869 7320 7573 696e 6720 set this using \n-00008930: 6120 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7375 6368 2061 a command such a\n-00008940: 7320 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 673a s the following:\n-00008950: 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2070 6172 7465 6420 .. # parted \n-00008960: 2f64 6576 2f44 4953 4b20 7365 7420 5041 /dev/DISK set PA\n-00008970: 5254 4954 494f 4e2d 4e55 4d42 4552 2062 RTITION-NUMBER b\n-00008980: 696f 735f 6772 7562 206f 6e0a 0a20 2020 ios_grub on.. \n-00008990: 4966 2079 6f75 2061 7265 2075 7369 6e67 If you are using\n-000089a0: 2067 6469 736b 2c20 7365 7420 7468 6520 gdisk, set the \n-000089b0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7479 7065 2074 partition type t\n-000089c0: 6f20 e280 9830 7845 4630 32e2 8099 2e20 o ...0xEF02.... \n-000089d0: 2057 6974 680a 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e69 With.partitioni\n-000089e0: 6e67 2070 726f 6772 616d 7320 7468 6174 ng programs that\n-000089f0: 2072 6571 7569 7265 2073 6574 7469 6e67 require setting\n-00008a00: 2074 6865 2047 5549 4420 6469 7265 6374 the GUID direct\n-00008a10: 6c79 2c20 6974 2073 686f 756c 640a 6265 ly, it should.be\n-00008a20: 20e2 8098 3231 3638 3631 3438 2d36 3434 ...21686148-644\n-00008a30: 392d 3665 3666 2d37 3434 6536 3536 3536 9-6e6f-744e65656\n-00008a40: 3434 3534 3634 39e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 4454649...... \n-00008a50: 2a43 6175 7469 6f6e 3a2a 2042 6520 7665 *Caution:* Be ve\n-00008a60: 7279 2063 6172 6566 756c 2077 6869 6368 ry careful which\n-00008a70: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2079 6f75 2073 partition you s\n-00008a80: 656c 6563 7421 2020 5768 656e 2047 5255 elect! When GRU\n-00008a90: 420a 6669 6e64 7320 6120 4249 4f53 2042 B.finds a BIOS B\n-00008aa0: 6f6f 7420 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6475 oot Partition du\n-00008ab0: 7269 6e67 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f ring installatio\n-00008ac0: 6e2c 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2061 7574 6f6d n, it will autom\n-00008ad0: 6174 6963 616c 6c79 0a6f 7665 7277 7269 atically.overwri\n-00008ae0: 7465 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2069 742e 2020 te part of it. \n-00008af0: 4d61 6b65 2073 7572 6520 7468 6174 2074 Make sure that t\n-00008b00: 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2064 6f65 he partition doe\n-00008b10: 7320 6e6f 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 616e s not contain an\n-00008b20: 790a 6f74 6865 7220 6461 7461 2e0a 0a1f y.other data....\n-00008b30: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00008b40: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 , Node: Booting\n-00008b50: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 , Next: Configu\n-00008b60: 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 ration, Prev: I\n-00008b70: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 nstallation, Up\n-00008b80: 3a20 546f 700a 0a35 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 : Top..5 Booting\n-00008b90: 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 .*********..GRUB\n-00008ba0: 2063 616e 206c 6f61 6420 4d75 6c74 6962 can load Multib\n-00008bb0: 6f6f 742d 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 7420 6b65 oot-compliant ke\n-00008bc0: 726e 656c 7320 696e 2061 2063 6f6e 7369 rnels in a consi\n-00008bd0: 7374 656e 7420 7761 792c 2062 7574 2066 stent way, but f\n-00008be0: 6f72 0a73 6f6d 6520 6672 6565 206f 7065 or.some free ope\n-00008bf0: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2079 rating systems y\n-00008c00: 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2075 7365 2073 ou need to use s\n-00008c10: 6f6d 6520 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 ome OS-specific \n-00008c20: 6d61 6769 632e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a magic...* Menu:.\n-00008c30: 0a2a 2047 656e 6572 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 .* General boot \n-00008c40: 6d65 7468 6f64 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 methods:: \n-00008c50: 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 204f 5365 How to boot OSe\n-00008c60: 7320 7769 7468 2047 5255 4220 6765 6e65 s with GRUB gene\n-00008c70: 7261 6c6c 790a 2a20 4c6f 6f70 6261 636b rally.* Loopback\n-00008c80: 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 booting:: \n-00008c90: 2020 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 7320 6f6e 2062 Notes on b\n-00008ca0: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 6c6f 6f70 ooting from loop\n-00008cb0: 6261 636b 730a 2a20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 backs.* LVM cach\n-00008cc0: 6520 626f 6f74 696e 673a 3a20 2020 2020 e booting:: \n-00008cd0: 2020 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 7320 6f6e 2062 Notes on b\n-00008ce0: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 4c56 4d20 ooting from LVM \n-00008cf0: 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 766f cache logical vo\n-00008d00: 6c75 6d65 0a2a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 lume.* OS-specif\n-00008d10: 6963 206e 6f74 6573 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 ic notes:: \n-00008d20: 2020 2020 204e 6f74 6573 206f 6e20 736f Notes on so\n-00008d30: 6d65 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 me operating sys\n-00008d40: 7465 6d73 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 tems....File: gr\n-00008d50: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00008d60: 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 626f 6f74 206d 6574 General boot met\n-00008d70: 686f 6473 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204c 6f6f hods, Next: Loo\n-00008d80: 7062 6163 6b20 626f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 pback booting, \n-00008d90: 5570 3a20 426f 6f74 696e 670a 0a35 2e31 Up: Booting..5.1\n-00008da0: 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 206f 7065 How to boot ope\n-00008db0: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 0a3d rating systems.=\n-00008dc0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000072a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n+000072b0: 4966 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 6d61 If the device ma\n+000072c0: 7020 6669 6c65 2065 7869 7374 732c 2074 p file exists, t\n+000072d0: 6865 2047 5255 4220 7574 696c 6974 6965 he GRUB utilitie\n+000072e0: 7320 28e2 8098 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 s (...grub-probe\n+000072f0: e280 992c 2065 7463 2e29 0a72 6561 6420 ..., etc.).read \n+00007300: 6974 2074 6f20 6d61 7020 4249 4f53 2064 it to map BIOS d\n+00007310: 7269 7665 7320 746f 204f 5320 6465 7669 rives to OS devi\n+00007320: 6365 732e 2020 5468 6973 2066 696c 6520 ces. This file \n+00007330: 636f 6e73 6973 7473 206f 6620 6c69 6e65 consists of line\n+00007340: 730a 6c69 6b65 2074 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 s.like this:.. \n+00007350: 2020 2028 4445 5649 4345 2920 4649 4c45 (DEVICE) FILE\n+00007360: 0a0a 2020 2044 4556 4943 4520 6973 2061 .. DEVICE is a\n+00007370: 2064 7269 7665 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 drive specified\n+00007380: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 4752 5542 2073 796e in the GRUB syn\n+00007390: 7461 7820 282a 6e6f 7465 2044 6576 6963 tax (*note Devic\n+000073a0: 650a 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 e.syntax::), and\n+000073b0: 2046 494c 4520 6973 2061 6e20 4f53 2066 FILE is an OS f\n+000073c0: 696c 652c 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 6e6f ile, which is no\n+000073d0: 726d 616c 6c79 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 rmally a device \n+000073e0: 6669 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 4869 7374 6f72 file... Histor\n+000073f0: 6963 616c 6c79 2c20 7468 6520 6465 7669 ically, the devi\n+00007400: 6365 206d 6170 2066 696c 6520 7761 7320 ce map file was \n+00007410: 7573 6564 2062 6563 6175 7365 2047 5255 used because GRU\n+00007420: 4220 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6573 0a68 B device names.h\n+00007430: 6164 2074 6f20 6265 2075 7365 6420 696e ad to be used in\n+00007440: 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 the configurati\n+00007450: 6f6e 2066 696c 652c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 on file, and the\n+00007460: 7920 7765 7265 2064 6572 6976 6564 2066 y were derived f\n+00007470: 726f 6d0a 4249 4f53 2064 7269 7665 206e rom.BIOS drive n\n+00007480: 756d 6265 7273 2e20 2054 6865 206d 6170 umbers. The map\n+00007490: 2062 6574 7765 656e 2042 494f 5320 6472 between BIOS dr\n+000074a0: 6976 6573 2061 6e64 204f 5320 6465 7669 ives and OS devi\n+000074b0: 6365 7320 6361 6e6e 6f74 0a61 6c77 6179 ces cannot.alway\n+000074c0: 7320 6265 2067 7565 7373 6564 2063 6f72 s be guessed cor\n+000074d0: 7265 6374 6c79 3a20 666f 7220 6578 616d rectly: for exam\n+000074e0: 706c 652c 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2067 ple, GRUB will g\n+000074f0: 6574 2074 6865 206f 7264 6572 2077 726f et the order wro\n+00007500: 6e67 0a69 6620 796f 7520 6578 6368 616e ng.if you exchan\n+00007510: 6765 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7365 7175 ge the boot sequ\n+00007520: 656e 6365 2062 6574 7765 656e 2049 4445 ence between IDE\n+00007530: 2061 6e64 2053 4353 4920 696e 2079 6f75 and SCSI in you\n+00007540: 7220 4249 4f53 2e0a 0a20 2020 556e 666f r BIOS... Unfo\n+00007550: 7274 756e 6174 656c 792c 2065 7665 6e20 rtunately, even \n+00007560: 4f53 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 OS device names \n+00007570: 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 616c 7761 7973 2073 are not always s\n+00007580: 7461 626c 652e 2020 4d6f 6465 726e 0a76 table. Modern.v\n+00007590: 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 204c ersions of the L\n+000075a0: 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6d61 7920 inux kernel may \n+000075b0: 7072 6f62 6520 6472 6976 6573 2069 6e20 probe drives in \n+000075c0: 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 6f72 6465 a different orde\n+000075d0: 7220 6672 6f6d 0a62 6f6f 7420 746f 2062 r from.boot to b\n+000075e0: 6f6f 742c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2070 7265 oot, and the pre\n+000075f0: 6669 7820 28e2 8098 2f64 6576 2f68 642a fix (.../dev/hd*\n+00007600: e280 9920 7665 7273 7573 20e2 8098 2f64 ... versus .../d\n+00007610: 6576 2f73 642a e280 9929 206d 6179 2063 ev/sd*...) may c\n+00007620: 6861 6e67 650a 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 hange.depending \n+00007630: 6f6e 2074 6865 2064 7269 7665 7220 7375 on the driver su\n+00007640: 6273 7973 7465 6d20 696e 2075 7365 2e20 bsystem in use. \n+00007650: 2041 7320 6120 7265 7375 6c74 2c20 7468 As a result, th\n+00007660: 6520 6465 7669 6365 206d 6170 0a66 696c e device map.fil\n+00007670: 6520 7265 7175 6972 6564 2066 7265 7175 e required frequ\n+00007680: 656e 7420 6564 6974 696e 6720 6f6e 2073 ent editing on s\n+00007690: 6f6d 6520 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a 2020 ome systems... \n+000076a0: 2047 5255 4220 6176 6f69 6473 2074 6869 GRUB avoids thi\n+000076b0: 7320 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 6e6f 7761 6461 s problem nowada\n+000076c0: 7973 2062 7920 7573 696e 6720 5555 4944 ys by using UUID\n+000076d0: 7320 6f72 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d s or file system\n+000076e0: 0a6c 6162 656c 7320 7768 656e 2067 656e .labels when gen\n+000076f0: 6572 6174 696e 6720 e280 9867 7275 622e erating ...grub.\n+00007700: 6366 67e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 7765 2061 cfg..., and we a\n+00007710: 6476 6973 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2064 dvise that you d\n+00007720: 6f20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 0a66 6f72 2061 o the same.for a\n+00007730: 6e79 2063 7573 746f 6d20 6d65 6e75 2065 ny custom menu e\n+00007740: 6e74 7269 6573 2079 6f75 2077 7269 7465 ntries you write\n+00007750: 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 . If the device\n+00007760: 206d 6170 2066 696c 6520 646f 6573 206e map file does n\n+00007770: 6f74 0a65 7869 7374 2c20 7468 656e 2074 ot.exist, then t\n+00007780: 6865 2047 5255 4220 7574 696c 6974 6965 he GRUB utilitie\n+00007790: 7320 7769 6c6c 2061 7373 756d 6520 6120 s will assume a \n+000077a0: 7465 6d70 6f72 6172 7920 6465 7669 6365 temporary device\n+000077b0: 206d 6170 206f 6e20 7468 650a 666c 792e map on the.fly.\n+000077c0: 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6f66 7465 6e20 This is often \n+000077d0: 676f 6f64 2065 6e6f 7567 682c 2070 6172 good enough, par\n+000077e0: 7469 6375 6c61 726c 7920 696e 2074 6865 ticularly in the\n+000077f0: 2063 6f6d 6d6f 6e20 6361 7365 206f 660a common case of.\n+00007800: 7369 6e67 6c65 2d64 6973 6b20 7379 7374 single-disk syst\n+00007810: 656d 732e 0a0a 2020 2048 6f77 6576 6572 ems... However\n+00007820: 2c20 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206d 6170 , the device map\n+00007830: 2066 696c 6520 6973 206e 6f74 2065 6e74 file is not ent\n+00007840: 6972 656c 7920 6f62 736f 6c65 7465 2079 irely obsolete y\n+00007850: 6574 2c20 616e 6420 6974 2069 730a 7573 et, and it is.us\n+00007860: 6564 2066 6f72 206f 7665 7272 6964 696e ed for overridin\n+00007870: 6720 7768 656e 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2065 g when current e\n+00007880: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 6469 nvironment is di\n+00007890: 6666 6572 656e 7420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 fferent from the\n+000078a0: 206f 6e65 0a6f 6e20 626f 6f74 2e20 204d one.on boot. M\n+000078b0: 6f73 7420 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2063 6173 6520 ost common case \n+000078c0: 6973 2069 6620 796f 7520 7573 6520 6120 is if you use a \n+000078d0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f72 206c 6f67 partition or log\n+000078e0: 6963 616c 2076 6f6c 756d 650a 6173 2061 ical volume.as a\n+000078f0: 2064 6973 6b20 666f 7220 7669 7274 7561 disk for virtua\n+00007900: 6c20 6d61 6368 696e 652e 2020 596f 7520 l machine. You \n+00007910: 6361 6e20 7075 7420 616e 7920 636f 6d6d can put any comm\n+00007920: 656e 7473 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 ents in the file\n+00007930: 2069 660a 6e65 6564 6564 2c20 6173 2074 if.needed, as t\n+00007940: 6865 2047 5255 4220 7574 696c 6974 6965 he GRUB utilitie\n+00007950: 7320 6173 7375 6d65 2074 6861 7420 6120 s assume that a \n+00007960: 6c69 6e65 2069 7320 6a75 7374 2061 2063 line is just a c\n+00007970: 6f6d 6d65 6e74 2069 660a 7468 6520 6669 omment if.the fi\n+00007980: 7273 7420 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 6973 rst character is\n+00007990: 20e2 8098 23e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ...#........Fil\n+000079a0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+000079b0: 6f64 653a 2042 494f 5320 696e 7374 616c ode: BIOS instal\n+000079c0: 6c61 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2044 lation, Prev: D\n+000079d0: 6576 6963 6520 6d61 702c 2020 5570 3a20 evice map, Up: \n+000079e0: 496e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 0a0a 342e Installation..4.\n+000079f0: 3420 4249 4f53 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 4 BIOS installat\n+00007a00: 696f 6e0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ion.============\n+00007a10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a4d 4252 0a3d =========..MBR.=\n+00007a20: 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f ==..The partitio\n+00007a30: 6e20 7461 626c 6520 666f 726d 6174 2074 n table format t\n+00007a40: 7261 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2075 7365 raditionally use\n+00007a50: 6420 6f6e 2050 4320 4249 4f53 2070 6c61 d on PC BIOS pla\n+00007a60: 7466 6f72 6d73 2069 730a 6361 6c6c 6564 tforms is.called\n+00007a70: 2074 6865 204d 6173 7465 7220 426f 6f74 the Master Boot\n+00007a80: 2052 6563 6f72 6420 284d 4252 2920 666f Record (MBR) fo\n+00007a90: 726d 6174 3b20 7468 6973 2069 7320 7468 rmat; this is th\n+00007aa0: 6520 666f 726d 6174 2074 6861 740a 616c e format that.al\n+00007ab0: 6c6f 7773 2075 7020 746f 2066 6f75 7220 lows up to four \n+00007ac0: 7072 696d 6172 7920 7061 7274 6974 696f primary partitio\n+00007ad0: 6e73 2061 6e64 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 ns and additiona\n+00007ae0: 6c20 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 7061 7274 6974 l logical partit\n+00007af0: 696f 6e73 2e0a 5769 7468 2074 6869 7320 ions..With this \n+00007b00: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7461 626c 6520 partition table \n+00007b10: 666f 726d 6174 2c20 7468 6572 6520 6172 format, there ar\n+00007b20: 6520 7477 6f20 7761 7973 2074 6f20 696e e two ways to in\n+00007b30: 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 3a20 6974 0a63 stall GRUB: it.c\n+00007b40: 616e 2062 6520 656d 6265 6464 6564 2069 an be embedded i\n+00007b50: 6e20 7468 6520 6172 6561 2062 6574 7765 n the area betwe\n+00007b60: 656e 2074 6865 204d 4252 2061 6e64 2074 en the MBR and t\n+00007b70: 6865 2066 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 he first partiti\n+00007b80: 6f6e 0a28 6361 6c6c 6564 2062 7920 7661 on.(called by va\n+00007b90: 7269 6f75 7320 6e61 6d65 732c 2073 7563 rious names, suc\n+00007ba0: 6820 6173 2074 6865 2022 626f 6f74 2074 h as the \"boot t\n+00007bb0: 7261 636b 222c 2022 4d42 5220 6761 7022 rack\", \"MBR gap\"\n+00007bc0: 2c20 6f72 0a22 656d 6265 6464 696e 6720 , or.\"embedding \n+00007bd0: 6172 6561 222c 2061 6e64 2077 6869 6368 area\", and which\n+00007be0: 2069 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6174 206c is usually at l\n+00007bf0: 6561 7374 2031 3030 3020 4b69 4229 2c20 east 1000 KiB), \n+00007c00: 6f72 2074 6865 2063 6f72 650a 696d 6167 or the core.imag\n+00007c10: 6520 6361 6e20 6265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c e can be install\n+00007c20: 6564 2069 6e20 6120 6669 6c65 2073 7973 ed in a file sys\n+00007c30: 7465 6d20 616e 6420 6120 6c69 7374 206f tem and a list o\n+00007c40: 6620 7468 6520 626c 6f63 6b73 2074 6861 f the blocks tha\n+00007c50: 740a 6d61 6b65 2069 7420 7570 2063 616e t.make it up can\n+00007c60: 2062 6520 7374 6f72 6564 2069 6e20 7468 be stored in th\n+00007c70: 6520 6669 7273 7420 7365 6374 6f72 206f e first sector o\n+00007c80: 6620 7468 6174 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e f that partition\n+00007c90: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4d6f 6465 726e 2074 6f6f ... Modern too\n+00007ca0: 6c73 2075 7375 616c 6c79 206c 6561 7665 ls usually leave\n+00007cb0: 204d 4252 2067 6170 206f 6620 6174 206c MBR gap of at l\n+00007cc0: 6561 7374 2031 3032 3320 4b69 422e 2054 east 1023 KiB. T\n+00007cd0: 6869 7320 616d 6f75 6e74 0a69 7320 7375 his amount.is su\n+00007ce0: 6666 6963 6965 6e74 2074 6f20 636f 7665 fficient to cove\n+00007cf0: 7220 6d6f 7374 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 r most configura\n+00007d00: 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 4865 6e63 6520 7468 tions. Hence th\n+00007d10: 6973 2076 616c 7565 2069 730a 7265 636f is value is.reco\n+00007d20: 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2047 mmended by the G\n+00007d30: 5255 4220 7465 616d 2e0a 0a20 2020 4869 RUB team... Hi\n+00007d40: 7374 6f72 6963 616c 6c79 206d 616e 7920 storically many \n+00007d50: 746f 6f6c 7320 6c65 6674 206f 6e6c 7920 tools left only \n+00007d60: 3331 204b 6942 206f 6620 7370 6163 652e 31 KiB of space.\n+00007d70: 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 656e This is not.en\n+00007d80: 6f75 6768 2074 6f20 7061 7273 6520 7265 ough to parse re\n+00007d90: 6c69 6162 6c79 2064 6966 6669 6375 6c74 liably difficult\n+00007da0: 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 7320 6c69 6b65 structures like\n+00007db0: 2042 7472 6673 2c20 5a46 532c 2052 4149 Btrfs, ZFS, RAI\n+00007dc0: 4420 6f72 0a4c 564d 2c20 6f72 2074 6f20 D or.LVM, or to \n+00007dd0: 7573 6520 6469 6666 6963 756c 7420 6469 use difficult di\n+00007de0: 736b 2061 6363 6573 7320 6d65 7468 6f64 sk access method\n+00007df0: 7320 6c69 6b65 2061 6863 692e 2020 4865 s like ahci. He\n+00007e00: 6e63 6520 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c0a 7761 nce GRUB will.wa\n+00007e10: 726e 2069 6620 6174 7465 6d70 7465 6420 rn if attempted \n+00007e20: 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2069 6e74 6f20 to install into \n+00007e30: 736d 616c 6c20 4d42 5220 6761 7020 6578 small MBR gap ex\n+00007e40: 6365 7074 2069 6e20 6120 736d 616c 6c20 cept in a small \n+00007e50: 6e75 6d62 6572 0a6f 6620 636f 6e66 6967 number.of config\n+00007e60: 7572 6174 696f 6e73 2074 6861 7420 7765 urations that we\n+00007e70: 7265 2067 7261 6e64 6661 7468 6572 6564 re grandfathered\n+00007e80: 2e20 2054 6865 2067 7261 6e64 6661 7468 . The grandfath\n+00007e90: 6572 6564 2063 6f6e 6669 670a 6d75 7374 ered config.must\n+00007ea0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 7573 6520 6269 :.. ... use bi\n+00007eb0: 6f73 6469 736b 2061 7320 6469 736b 2061 osdisk as disk a\n+00007ec0: 6363 6573 7320 6d6f 6475 6c65 2066 6f72 ccess module for\n+00007ed0: 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 0a0a 2020 .../boot..... \n+00007ee0: 20e2 80a2 206e 6f74 2075 7365 2061 6e79 ... not use any\n+00007ef0: 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 7061 7274 additional part\n+00007f00: 6974 696f 6e20 6d61 7073 2074 6f20 6163 ition maps to ac\n+00007f10: 6365 7373 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 cess .../boot...\n+00007f20: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f .. ... .../boo\n+00007f30: 74e2 8099 206d 7573 7420 6265 206f 6e20 t... must be on \n+00007f40: 6f6e 6520 6f66 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 one of following\n+00007f50: 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d73 3a20 4146 filesystems: AF\n+00007f60: 4653 2c20 4146 532c 2042 4653 2c0a 2020 FS, AFS, BFS,. \n+00007f70: 2020 2063 7069 6f2c 206e 6577 632c 206f cpio, newc, o\n+00007f80: 6463 2c20 6578 7432 2f33 2f34 2c20 4641 dc, ext2/3/4, FA\n+00007f90: 542c 2065 7846 4154 2c20 4632 4653 2c20 T, exFAT, F2FS, \n+00007fa0: 4846 532c 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 HFS, uncompresse\n+00007fb0: 640a 2020 2020 2048 4653 2b2c 2049 534f d. HFS+, ISO\n+00007fc0: 3936 3630 2c20 4a46 532c 204d 696e 6978 9660, JFS, Minix\n+00007fd0: 2c20 4d69 6e69 7832 2c20 4d69 6e69 7833 , Minix2, Minix3\n+00007fe0: 2c20 4e49 4c46 5332 2c20 4e54 4653 2c20 , NILFS2, NTFS, \n+00007ff0: 5265 6973 6572 4653 2c0a 2020 2020 2052 ReiserFS,. R\n+00008000: 4f4d 4653 2c20 5346 532c 2074 6172 2c20 OMFS, SFS, tar, \n+00008010: 5544 462c 2055 4653 312c 2055 4653 322c UDF, UFS1, UFS2,\n+00008020: 2058 4653 0a0a 2020 204d 4252 2067 6170 XFS.. MBR gap\n+00008030: 2068 6173 2066 6577 2074 6563 686e 6963 has few technic\n+00008040: 616c 2070 726f 626c 656d 732e 2020 5468 al problems. Th\n+00008050: 6572 6520 6973 206e 6f20 7761 7920 746f ere is no way to\n+00008060: 2072 6573 6572 7665 2073 7061 6365 0a69 reserve space.i\n+00008070: 6e20 7468 6520 656d 6265 6464 696e 6720 n the embedding \n+00008080: 6172 6561 2077 6974 6820 636f 6d70 6c65 area with comple\n+00008090: 7465 2073 6166 6574 792c 2061 6e64 2073 te safety, and s\n+000080a0: 6f6d 6520 7072 6f70 7269 6574 6172 790a ome proprietary.\n+000080b0: 736f 6674 7761 7265 2069 7320 6b6e 6f77 software is know\n+000080c0: 6e20 746f 2075 7365 2069 7420 746f 206d n to use it to m\n+000080d0: 616b 6520 6974 2064 6966 6669 6375 6c74 ake it difficult\n+000080e0: 2066 6f72 2075 7365 7273 2074 6f20 776f for users to wo\n+000080f0: 726b 0a61 726f 756e 6420 6c69 6365 6e73 rk.around licens\n+00008100: 696e 6720 7265 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e73 ing restrictions\n+00008110: 2e20 2047 5255 4220 776f 726b 7320 6172 . GRUB works ar\n+00008120: 6f75 6e64 2069 7420 6279 2064 6574 6563 ound it by detec\n+00008130: 7469 6e67 0a73 6563 746f 7273 2062 7920 ting.sectors by \n+00008140: 6f74 6865 7220 736f 6674 7761 7265 2061 other software a\n+00008150: 6e64 2061 766f 6964 696e 6720 7468 656d nd avoiding them\n+00008160: 2061 6e64 2070 726f 7465 6374 696e 6720 and protecting \n+00008170: 6974 7320 6f77 6e0a 7365 6374 6f72 7320 its own.sectors \n+00008180: 7573 696e 6720 5265 6564 2d53 6f6c 6f6d using Reed-Solom\n+00008190: 6f6e 2065 6e63 6f64 696e 672e 0a0a 2020 on encoding... \n+000081a0: 2047 5255 4220 7465 616d 2072 6563 6f6d GRUB team recom\n+000081b0: 6d65 6e64 7320 6861 7669 6e67 204d 4252 mends having MBR\n+000081c0: 2067 6170 206f 6620 6174 206c 6561 7374 gap of at least\n+000081d0: 2031 3030 3020 4b69 422e 0a0a 2020 2053 1000 KiB... S\n+000081e0: 686f 756c 6420 6974 206e 6f74 2062 6520 hould it not be \n+000081f0: 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2c20 4752 5542 2068 possible, GRUB h\n+00008200: 6173 2073 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 2061 as support for a\n+00008210: 2066 616c 6c62 6163 6b20 736f 6c75 7469 fallback soluti\n+00008220: 6f6e 0a77 6869 6368 2069 7320 6865 6176 on.which is heav\n+00008230: 696c 7920 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 ily recommended \n+00008240: 6167 6169 6e73 742e 2020 496e 7374 616c against. Instal\n+00008250: 6c69 6e67 2074 6f20 6120 6669 6c65 7379 ling to a filesy\n+00008260: 7374 656d 206d 6561 6e73 0a74 6861 7420 stem means.that \n+00008270: 4752 5542 2069 7320 7675 6c6e 6572 6162 GRUB is vulnerab\n+00008280: 6c65 2074 6f20 6974 7320 626c 6f63 6b73 le to its blocks\n+00008290: 2062 6569 6e67 206d 6f76 6564 2061 726f being moved aro\n+000082a0: 756e 6420 6279 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 und by filesyste\n+000082b0: 6d0a 6665 6174 7572 6573 2073 7563 6820 m.features such \n+000082c0: 6173 2074 6169 6c20 7061 636b 696e 672c as tail packing,\n+000082d0: 206f 7220 6576 656e 2062 7920 6167 6772 or even by aggr\n+000082e0: 6573 7369 7665 2066 7363 6b0a 696d 706c essive fsck.impl\n+000082f0: 656d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 732c 2073 6f20 ementations, so \n+00008300: 7468 6973 2061 7070 726f 6163 6820 6973 this approach is\n+00008310: 2071 7569 7465 2066 7261 6769 6c65 3b20 quite fragile; \n+00008320: 616e 6420 7468 6973 2061 7070 726f 6163 and this approac\n+00008330: 680a 6361 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2062 6520 7573 h.can only be us\n+00008340: 6564 2069 6620 7468 6520 e280 982f 626f ed if the .../bo\n+00008350: 6f74 e280 9920 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d ot... filesystem\n+00008360: 2069 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 is on the same \n+00008370: 6469 736b 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a 4249 disk that the.BI\n+00008380: 4f53 2062 6f6f 7473 2066 726f 6d2c 2073 OS boots from, s\n+00008390: 6f20 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 646f 6573 o that GRUB does\n+000083a0: 206e 6f74 2068 6176 6520 746f 2072 656c not have to rel\n+000083b0: 7920 6f6e 2067 7565 7373 696e 6720 4249 y on guessing BI\n+000083c0: 4f53 0a64 7269 7665 206e 756d 6265 7273 OS.drive numbers\n+000083d0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 4752 5542 2064 ... The GRUB d\n+000083e0: 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2074 6561 6d20 evelopment team \n+000083f0: 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 7265 636f 6d6d generally recomm\n+00008400: 656e 6473 2065 6d62 6564 6469 6e67 2047 ends embedding G\n+00008410: 5255 4220 6265 666f 7265 0a74 6865 2066 RUB before.the f\n+00008420: 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 irst partition, \n+00008430: 756e 6c65 7373 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 unless you have \n+00008440: 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7265 7175 6972 656d special requirem\n+00008450: 656e 7473 2e20 2059 6f75 206d 7573 740a ents. You must.\n+00008460: 656e 7375 7265 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 ensure that the \n+00008470: 6669 7273 7420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 first partition \n+00008480: 7374 6172 7473 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 starts at least \n+00008490: 3130 3030 204b 6942 2028 3230 3030 2073 1000 KiB (2000 s\n+000084a0: 6563 746f 7273 290a 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 ectors).from the\n+000084b0: 2073 7461 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 6469 start of the di\n+000084c0: 736b 3b20 6f6e 206d 6f64 6572 6e20 6469 sk; on modern di\n+000084d0: 736b 732c 2069 7420 6973 206f 6674 656e sks, it is often\n+000084e0: 2061 2070 6572 666f 726d 616e 6365 0a61 a performance.a\n+000084f0: 6476 616e 7461 6765 2074 6f20 616c 6967 dvantage to alig\n+00008500: 6e20 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 206f 6e20 n partitions on \n+00008510: 6c61 7267 6572 2062 6f75 6e64 6172 6965 larger boundarie\n+00008520: 7320 616e 7977 6179 2c20 736f 2074 6865 s anyway, so the\n+00008530: 2066 6972 7374 0a70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e first.partition\n+00008540: 206d 6967 6874 2073 7461 7274 2031 204d might start 1 M\n+00008550: 6942 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 7374 6172 iB from the star\n+00008560: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b2e 0a0a t of the disk...\n+00008570: 4750 540a 3d3d 3d0a 0a53 6f6d 6520 6e65 GPT.===..Some ne\n+00008580: 7765 7220 7379 7374 656d 7320 7573 6520 wer systems use \n+00008590: 7468 6520 4755 4944 2050 6172 7469 7469 the GUID Partiti\n+000085a0: 6f6e 2054 6162 6c65 2028 4750 5429 2066 on Table (GPT) f\n+000085b0: 6f72 6d61 742e 2020 5468 6973 2077 6173 ormat. This was\n+000085c0: 0a73 7065 6369 6669 6564 2061 7320 7061 .specified as pa\n+000085d0: 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 4578 7465 6e73 rt of the Extens\n+000085e0: 6962 6c65 2046 6972 6d77 6172 6520 496e ible Firmware In\n+000085f0: 7465 7266 6163 6520 2845 4649 292c 2062 terface (EFI), b\n+00008600: 7574 2069 7420 6361 6e0a 616c 736f 2062 ut it can.also b\n+00008610: 6520 7573 6564 206f 6e20 4249 4f53 2070 e used on BIOS p\n+00008620: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2069 6620 7379 7374 latforms if syst\n+00008630: 656d 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 7375 7070 em software supp\n+00008640: 6f72 7473 2069 743b 2066 6f72 0a65 7861 orts it; for.exa\n+00008650: 6d70 6c65 2c20 4752 5542 2061 6e64 2047 mple, GRUB and G\n+00008660: 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 2063 616e 2062 6520 NU/Linux can be \n+00008670: 7573 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6f6e used in this con\n+00008680: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2e20 2057 6974 figuration. Wit\n+00008690: 680a 7468 6973 2066 6f72 6d61 742c 2069 h.this format, i\n+000086a0: 7420 6973 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 746f t is possible to\n+000086b0: 2072 6573 6572 7665 2061 2077 686f 6c65 reserve a whole\n+000086c0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2047 partition for G\n+000086d0: 5255 422c 0a63 616c 6c65 6420 7468 6520 RUB,.called the \n+000086e0: 4249 4f53 2042 6f6f 7420 5061 7274 6974 BIOS Boot Partit\n+000086f0: 696f 6e2e 2020 4752 5542 2063 616e 2074 ion. GRUB can t\n+00008700: 6865 6e20 6265 2065 6d62 6564 6465 6420 hen be embedded \n+00008710: 696e 746f 2074 6861 740a 7061 7274 6974 into that.partit\n+00008720: 696f 6e20 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7468 6520 ion without the \n+00008730: 7269 736b 206f 6620 6265 696e 6720 6f76 risk of being ov\n+00008740: 6572 7772 6974 7465 6e20 6279 206f 7468 erwritten by oth\n+00008750: 6572 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 616e 640a er software and.\n+00008760: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6265 696e 6720 636f without being co\n+00008770: 6e74 6169 6e65 6420 696e 2061 2066 696c ntained in a fil\n+00008780: 6573 7973 7465 6d20 7768 6963 6820 6d69 esystem which mi\n+00008790: 6768 7420 6d6f 7665 2069 7473 2062 6c6f ght move its blo\n+000087a0: 636b 730a 6172 6f75 6e64 2e0a 0a20 2020 cks.around... \n+000087b0: 5768 656e 2063 7265 6174 696e 6720 6120 When creating a \n+000087c0: 4249 4f53 2042 6f6f 7420 5061 7274 6974 BIOS Boot Partit\n+000087d0: 696f 6e20 6f6e 2061 2047 5054 2073 7973 ion on a GPT sys\n+000087e0: 7465 6d2c 2079 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 tem, you should \n+000087f0: 6d61 6b65 0a73 7572 6520 7468 6174 2069 make.sure that i\n+00008800: 7420 6973 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 3331 t is at least 31\n+00008810: 204b 6942 2069 6e20 7369 7a65 2e20 2028 KiB in size. (\n+00008820: 4750 542d 666f 726d 6174 7465 6420 6469 GPT-formatted di\n+00008830: 736b 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 740a 7573 7561 sks are not.usua\n+00008840: 6c6c 7920 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 6c79 lly particularly\n+00008850: 2073 6d61 6c6c 2c20 736f 2077 6520 7265 small, so we re\n+00008860: 636f 6d6d 656e 6420 7468 6174 2079 6f75 commend that you\n+00008870: 206d 616b 6520 6974 206c 6172 6765 7220 make it larger \n+00008880: 7468 616e 0a74 6865 2062 6172 6520 6d69 than.the bare mi\n+00008890: 6e69 6d75 6d2c 2073 7563 6820 6173 2031 nimum, such as 1\n+000088a0: 204d 6942 2c20 746f 2061 6c6c 6f77 2070 MiB, to allow p\n+000088b0: 6c65 6e74 7920 6f66 2072 6f6f 6d20 666f lenty of room fo\n+000088c0: 7220 6772 6f77 7468 2e29 0a59 6f75 206d r growth.).You m\n+000088d0: 7573 7420 616c 736f 206d 616b 6520 7375 ust also make su\n+000088e0: 7265 2074 6861 7420 6974 2068 6173 2074 re that it has t\n+000088f0: 6865 2070 726f 7065 7220 7061 7274 6974 he proper partit\n+00008900: 696f 6e20 7479 7065 2e20 2055 7369 6e67 ion type. Using\n+00008910: 0a47 4e55 2050 6172 7465 642c 2079 6f75 .GNU Parted, you\n+00008920: 2063 616e 2073 6574 2074 6869 7320 7573 can set this us\n+00008930: 696e 6720 6120 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7375 ing a command su\n+00008940: 6368 2061 7320 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 ch as the follow\n+00008950: 696e 673a 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2070 6172 ing:.. # par\n+00008960: 7465 6420 2f64 6576 2f44 4953 4b20 7365 ted /dev/DISK se\n+00008970: 7420 5041 5254 4954 494f 4e2d 4e55 4d42 t PARTITION-NUMB\n+00008980: 4552 2062 696f 735f 6772 7562 206f 6e0a ER bios_grub on.\n+00008990: 0a20 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2061 7265 2075 . If you are u\n+000089a0: 7369 6e67 2067 6469 736b 2c20 7365 7420 sing gdisk, set \n+000089b0: 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7479 the partition ty\n+000089c0: 7065 2074 6f20 e280 9830 7845 4630 32e2 pe to ...0xEF02.\n+000089d0: 8099 2e20 2057 6974 680a 7061 7274 6974 ... With.partit\n+000089e0: 696f 6e69 6e67 2070 726f 6772 616d 7320 ioning programs \n+000089f0: 7468 6174 2072 6571 7569 7265 2073 6574 that require set\n+00008a00: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 2047 5549 4420 6469 ting the GUID di\n+00008a10: 7265 6374 6c79 2c20 6974 2073 686f 756c rectly, it shoul\n+00008a20: 640a 6265 20e2 8098 3231 3638 3631 3438 d.be ...21686148\n+00008a30: 2d36 3434 392d 3665 3666 2d37 3434 6536 -6449-6e6f-744e6\n+00008a40: 3536 3536 3434 3534 3634 39e2 8099 2e0a 56564454649.....\n+00008a50: 0a20 2020 2a43 6175 7469 6f6e 3a2a 2042 . *Caution:* B\n+00008a60: 6520 7665 7279 2063 6172 6566 756c 2077 e very careful w\n+00008a70: 6869 6368 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2079 hich partition y\n+00008a80: 6f75 2073 656c 6563 7421 2020 5768 656e ou select! When\n+00008a90: 2047 5255 420a 6669 6e64 7320 6120 4249 GRUB.finds a BI\n+00008aa0: 4f53 2042 6f6f 7420 5061 7274 6974 696f OS Boot Partitio\n+00008ab0: 6e20 6475 7269 6e67 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c n during install\n+00008ac0: 6174 696f 6e2c 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2061 ation, it will a\n+00008ad0: 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 0a6f 7665 utomatically.ove\n+00008ae0: 7277 7269 7465 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2069 rwrite part of i\n+00008af0: 742e 2020 4d61 6b65 2073 7572 6520 7468 t. Make sure th\n+00008b00: 6174 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e at the partition\n+00008b10: 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 636f 6e74 6169 does not contai\n+00008b20: 6e20 616e 790a 6f74 6865 7220 6461 7461 n any.other data\n+00008b30: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00008b40: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2042 6f6f info, Node: Boo\n+00008b50: 7469 6e67 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2043 6f6e ting, Next: Con\n+00008b60: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 figuration, Pre\n+00008b70: 763a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e2c v: Installation,\n+00008b80: 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a35 2042 6f6f Up: Top..5 Boo\n+00008b90: 7469 6e67 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a ting.*********..\n+00008ba0: 4752 5542 2063 616e 206c 6f61 6420 4d75 GRUB can load Mu\n+00008bb0: 6c74 6962 6f6f 742d 636f 6d70 6c69 616e ltiboot-complian\n+00008bc0: 7420 6b65 726e 656c 7320 696e 2061 2063 t kernels in a c\n+00008bd0: 6f6e 7369 7374 656e 7420 7761 792c 2062 onsistent way, b\n+00008be0: 7574 2066 6f72 0a73 6f6d 6520 6672 6565 ut for.some free\n+00008bf0: 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 operating syste\n+00008c00: 6d73 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2075 ms you need to u\n+00008c10: 7365 2073 6f6d 6520 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 se some OS-speci\n+00008c20: 6669 6320 6d61 6769 632e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 fic magic...* Me\n+00008c30: 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2047 656e 6572 616c 2062 nu:..* General b\n+00008c40: 6f6f 7420 6d65 7468 6f64 733a 3a20 2020 oot methods:: \n+00008c50: 2020 2020 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 How to boot\n+00008c60: 204f 5365 7320 7769 7468 2047 5255 4220 OSes with GRUB \n+00008c70: 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c 790a 2a20 4c6f 6f70 generally.* Loop\n+00008c80: 6261 636b 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 3a3a 2020 back booting:: \n+00008c90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 7320 Notes \n+00008ca0: 6f6e 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 on booting from \n+00008cb0: 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 730a 2a20 4c56 4d20 loopbacks.* LVM \n+00008cc0: 6361 6368 6520 626f 6f74 696e 673a 3a20 cache booting:: \n+00008cd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 7320 Notes \n+00008ce0: 6f6e 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 on booting from \n+00008cf0: 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 LVM cache logica\n+00008d00: 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 0a2a 204f 532d 7370 l volume.* OS-sp\n+00008d10: 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 3a3a 2020 ecific notes:: \n+00008d20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204e 6f74 6573 206f Notes o\n+00008d30: 6e20 736f 6d65 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 n some operating\n+00008d40: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 systems....File\n+00008d50: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00008d60: 6465 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 626f 6f74 de: General boot\n+00008d70: 206d 6574 686f 6473 2c20 204e 6578 743a methods, Next:\n+00008d80: 204c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 626f 6f74 696e Loopback bootin\n+00008d90: 672c 2020 5570 3a20 426f 6f74 696e 670a g, Up: Booting.\n+00008da0: 0a35 2e31 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 .5.1 How to boot\n+00008db0: 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 operating syste\n+00008dc0: 6d73 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ms.=============\n 00008dd0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00008de0: 0a0a 4752 5542 2068 6173 2074 6872 6565 ..GRUB has three\n-00008df0: 2064 6973 7469 6e63 7420 626f 6f74 206d distinct boot m\n-00008e00: 6574 686f 6473 3a20 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 ethods: loading \n-00008e10: 616e 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 an operating sys\n-00008e20: 7465 6d0a 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2c20 7573 tem.directly, us\n-00008e30: 696e 6720 6b65 7865 6320 6672 6f6d 2075 ing kexec from u\n-00008e40: 7365 7273 7061 6365 2c20 616e 6420 6368 serspace, and ch\n-00008e50: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e6f 7468 ainloading anoth\n-00008e60: 6572 0a62 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 722e 2020 er.bootloader. \n-00008e70: 4765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 7370 6561 6b69 Generally speaki\n-00008e80: 6e67 2c20 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7477 ng, the first tw\n-00008e90: 6f20 6172 6520 6d6f 7265 2064 6573 6972 o are more desir\n-00008ea0: 6162 6c65 0a62 6563 6175 7365 2079 6f75 able.because you\n-00008eb0: 2064 6f6e 2774 206e 6565 6420 746f 2069 don't need to i\n-00008ec0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 206f 7220 6d61 696e 7461 nstall or mainta\n-00008ed0: 696e 206f 7468 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f in other boot lo\n-00008ee0: 6164 6572 7320 616e 640a 4752 5542 2069 aders and.GRUB i\n-00008ef0: 7320 666c 6578 6962 6c65 2065 6e6f 7567 s flexible enoug\n-00008f00: 6820 746f 206c 6f61 6420 616e 206f 7065 h to load an ope\n-00008f10: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6672 rating system fr\n-00008f20: 6f6d 2061 6e20 6172 6269 7472 6172 790a om an arbitrary.\n-00008f30: 6469 736b 2f70 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e20 disk/partition. \n-00008f40: 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 6368 6169 6e6c However, chainl\n-00008f50: 6f61 6469 6e67 2069 7320 736f 6d65 7469 oading is someti\n-00008f60: 6d65 7320 7265 7175 6972 6564 2c20 6173 mes required, as\n-00008f70: 2047 5255 420a 646f 6573 6e27 7420 7375 GRUB.doesn't su\n-00008f80: 7070 6f72 7420 616c 6c20 6578 6973 7469 pport all existi\n-00008f90: 6e67 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 ng operating sys\n-00008fa0: 7465 6d73 206e 6174 6976 656c 792e 0a0a tems natively...\n-00008fb0: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 204c 6f61 6469 * Menu:..* Loadi\n-00008fc0: 6e67 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 ng an operating \n-00008fd0: 7379 7374 656d 2064 6972 6563 746c 793a system directly:\n-00008fe0: 3a0a 2a20 4b65 7865 633a 3a0a 2a20 4368 :.* Kexec::.* Ch\n-00008ff0: 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 673a 3a0a 0a1f ain-loading::...\n-00009000: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00009010: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204c 6f61 6469 6e67 , Node: Loading\n-00009020: 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 an operating sy\n-00009030: 7374 656d 2064 6972 6563 746c 792c 2020 stem directly, \n-00009040: 4e65 7874 3a20 4b65 7865 632c 2020 5570 Next: Kexec, Up\n-00009050: 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 626f 6f74 206d : General boot m\n-00009060: 6574 686f 6473 0a0a 352e 312e 3120 486f ethods..5.1.1 Ho\n-00009070: 7720 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 204f 5320 w to boot an OS \n-00009080: 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2077 6974 6820 4752 directly with GR\n-00009090: 5542 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d UB.-------------\n+00008de0: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4752 5542 2068 6173 2074 ====..GRUB has t\n+00008df0: 6872 6565 2064 6973 7469 6e63 7420 626f hree distinct bo\n+00008e00: 6f74 206d 6574 686f 6473 3a20 6c6f 6164 ot methods: load\n+00008e10: 696e 6720 616e 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 ing an operating\n+00008e20: 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 6469 7265 6374 6c79 system.directly\n+00008e30: 2c20 7573 696e 6720 6b65 7865 6320 6672 , using kexec fr\n+00008e40: 6f6d 2075 7365 7273 7061 6365 2c20 616e om userspace, an\n+00008e50: 6420 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 d chainloading a\n+00008e60: 6e6f 7468 6572 0a62 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 nother.bootloade\n+00008e70: 722e 2020 4765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 7370 r. Generally sp\n+00008e80: 6561 6b69 6e67 2c20 7468 6520 6669 7273 eaking, the firs\n+00008e90: 7420 7477 6f20 6172 6520 6d6f 7265 2064 t two are more d\n+00008ea0: 6573 6972 6162 6c65 0a62 6563 6175 7365 esirable.because\n+00008eb0: 2079 6f75 2064 6f6e 2774 206e 6565 6420 you don't need \n+00008ec0: 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 206f 7220 6d61 to install or ma\n+00008ed0: 696e 7461 696e 206f 7468 6572 2062 6f6f intain other boo\n+00008ee0: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 7320 616e 640a 4752 t loaders and.GR\n+00008ef0: 5542 2069 7320 666c 6578 6962 6c65 2065 UB is flexible e\n+00008f00: 6e6f 7567 6820 746f 206c 6f61 6420 616e nough to load an\n+00008f10: 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 operating syste\n+00008f20: 6d20 6672 6f6d 2061 6e20 6172 6269 7472 m from an arbitr\n+00008f30: 6172 790a 6469 736b 2f70 6172 7469 7469 ary.disk/partiti\n+00008f40: 6f6e 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 6368 on. However, ch\n+00008f50: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2069 7320 736f ainloading is so\n+00008f60: 6d65 7469 6d65 7320 7265 7175 6972 6564 metimes required\n+00008f70: 2c20 6173 2047 5255 420a 646f 6573 6e27 , as GRUB.doesn'\n+00008f80: 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 616c 6c20 6578 t support all ex\n+00008f90: 6973 7469 6e67 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 isting operating\n+00008fa0: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 206e 6174 6976 656c systems nativel\n+00008fb0: 792e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 204c y...* Menu:..* L\n+00008fc0: 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 oading an operat\n+00008fd0: 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2064 6972 6563 ing system direc\n+00008fe0: 746c 793a 3a0a 2a20 4b65 7865 633a 3a0a tly::.* Kexec::.\n+00008ff0: 2a20 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 673a * Chain-loading:\n+00009000: 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e :....File: grub.\n+00009010: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204c 6f61 info, Node: Loa\n+00009020: 6469 6e67 2061 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696e ding an operatin\n+00009030: 6720 7379 7374 656d 2064 6972 6563 746c g system directl\n+00009040: 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4b65 7865 632c y, Next: Kexec,\n+00009050: 2020 5570 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 626f Up: General bo\n+00009060: 6f74 206d 6574 686f 6473 0a0a 352e 312e ot methods..5.1.\n+00009070: 3120 486f 7720 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 1 How to boot an\n+00009080: 204f 5320 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2077 6974 OS directly wit\n+00009090: 6820 4752 5542 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d h GRUB.---------\n 000090a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000090b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a4d -------------..M\n-000090c0: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 ultiboot (*note \n-000090d0: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 6563 6966 Multiboot Specif\n-000090e0: 6963 6174 696f 6e3a 2028 6d75 6c74 6962 ication: (multib\n-000090f0: 6f6f 7429 546f 702e 2920 6973 2074 6865 oot)Top.) is the\n-00009100: 206e 6174 6976 650a 666f 726d 6174 2073 native.format s\n-00009110: 7570 706f 7274 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 upported by GRUB\n-00009120: 2e20 466f 7220 7468 6520 7361 6b65 206f . For the sake o\n-00009130: 6620 636f 6e76 656e 6965 6e63 652c 2074 f convenience, t\n-00009140: 6865 7265 2069 7320 616c 736f 0a73 7570 here is also.sup\n-00009150: 706f 7274 2066 6f72 204c 696e 7578 2c20 port for Linux, \n-00009160: 4672 6565 4253 442c 204e 6574 4253 4420 FreeBSD, NetBSD \n-00009170: 616e 6420 4f70 656e 4253 442e 2049 6620 and OpenBSD. If \n-00009180: 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 you want to boot\n-00009190: 0a6f 7468 6572 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 .other operating\n-000091a0: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 796f 7520 7769 systems, you wi\n-000091b0: 6c6c 2068 6176 6520 746f 2063 6861 696e ll have to chain\n-000091c0: 2d6c 6f61 6420 7468 656d 2028 2a6e 6f74 -load them (*not\n-000091d0: 650a 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 673a e.Chain-loading:\n-000091e0: 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 4649 584d 453a 2074 :)... FIXME: t\n-000091f0: 6869 7320 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6973 2069 his section is i\n-00009200: 6e63 6f6d 706c 6574 652e 0a0a 2020 312e ncomplete... 1.\n-00009210: 2052 756e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 Run the command\n-00009220: 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 e280 9920 282a 6e6f ...boot... (*no\n-00009230: 7465 2062 6f6f 743a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 te boot::)... \n-00009240: 486f 7765 7665 722c 2044 4f53 2061 6e64 However, DOS and\n-00009250: 2057 696e 646f 7773 2068 6176 6520 736f Windows have so\n-00009260: 6d65 2064 6566 6963 6965 6e63 6965 732c me deficiencies,\n-00009270: 2073 6f20 796f 7520 6d69 6768 7420 6861 so you might ha\n-00009280: 7665 2074 6f0a 7573 6520 6d6f 7265 2063 ve to.use more c\n-00009290: 6f6d 706c 6963 6174 6564 2069 6e73 7472 omplicated instr\n-000092a0: 7563 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 uctions. *Note \n-000092b0: 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 733a 3a2c 2066 DOS/Windows::, f\n-000092c0: 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 696e 666f 726d 6174 or more.informat\n-000092d0: 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ion.....File: gr\n-000092e0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-000092f0: 4b65 7865 632c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4368 Kexec, Next: Ch\n-00009300: 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 672c 2020 5072 ain-loading, Pr\n-00009310: 6576 3a20 4c6f 6164 696e 6720 616e 206f ev: Loading an o\n-00009320: 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 perating system \n-00009330: 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2c20 2055 703a 2047 directly, Up: G\n-00009340: 656e 6572 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 7468 eneral boot meth\n-00009350: 6f64 730a 0a35 2e31 2e32 204b 6578 6563 ods..5.1.2 Kexec\n-00009360: 2077 6974 6820 6772 7562 322d 656d 750a with grub2-emu.\n-00009370: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00009380: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4752 5542 ----------..GRUB\n-00009390: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7275 6e20 696e 2075 can be run in u\n-000093a0: 7365 7273 7061 6365 2062 7920 696e 766f serspace by invo\n-000093b0: 6b69 6e67 2074 6865 2067 7275 6232 2d65 king the grub2-e\n-000093c0: 6d75 2074 6f6f 6c2e 2020 4974 2077 696c mu tool. It wil\n-000093d0: 6c0a 7265 6164 2061 6c6c 2063 6f6e 6669 l.read all confi\n-000093e0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2073 6372 6970 7473 guration scripts\n-000093f0: 2061 7320 6966 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2064 as if booting d\n-00009400: 6972 6563 746c 7920 2873 6565 202a 6e6f irectly (see *no\n-00009410: 7465 204c 6f61 6469 6e67 0a61 6e20 6f70 te Loading.an op\n-00009420: 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2064 erating system d\n-00009430: 6972 6563 746c 793a 3a29 2e20 2057 6974 irectly::). Wit\n-00009440: 6820 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d6b 6578 6563 h the ...--kexec\n-00009450: e280 9920 666c 6167 2c20 616e 6420 6b65 ... flag, and ke\n-00009460: 7865 6328 3829 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2066 xec(8).support f\n-00009470: 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6f70 6572 6174 696e rom the operatin\n-00009480: 6720 7379 7374 656d 2c20 7468 6520 e280 g system, the ..\n-00009490: 986c 696e 7578 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e .linux... comman\n-000094a0: 6420 7769 6c6c 2064 6972 6563 746c 790a d will directly.\n-000094b0: 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2074 6172 6765 7420 boot the target \n-000094c0: 696d 6167 652e 2020 466f 7220 7379 7374 image. For syst\n-000094d0: 656d 7320 7468 6174 206c 6163 6b20 776f ems that lack wo\n-000094e0: 726b 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 6374 6c28 rking systemctl(\n-000094f0: 3129 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 206b 1).support for k\n-00009500: 6578 6563 2c20 7061 7373 696e 6720 7468 exec, passing th\n-00009510: 6520 e280 982d 2d6b 6578 6563 e280 9920 e ...--kexec... \n-00009520: 666c 6167 2074 7769 6365 2077 696c 6c20 flag twice will \n-00009530: 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 2074 6f0a 696e 766f fallback to.invo\n-00009540: 6b69 6e67 206b 6578 6563 2838 2920 6469 king kexec(8) di\n-00009550: 7265 6374 6c79 3b20 6e6f 7465 2068 6f77 rectly; note how\n-00009560: 6576 6572 2074 6861 7420 7468 6973 2066 ever that this f\n-00009570: 616c 6c62 6163 6b20 6d61 7920 6265 0a75 allback may be.u\n-00009580: 6e73 6166 6520 6f75 7473 6964 6520 7265 nsafe outside re\n-00009590: 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 656e 7669 726f 6e6d ad-only environm\n-000095a0: 656e 7473 2c20 6173 2069 7420 646f 6573 ents, as it does\n-000095b0: 206e 6f74 2069 6e76 6f6b 6520 7368 7574 not invoke shut\n-000095c0: 646f 776e 0a6d 6163 6869 6e65 7279 2e0a down.machinery..\n-000095d0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-000095e0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6861 696e fo, Node: Chain\n-000095f0: 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 763a -loading, Prev:\n-00009600: 204b 6578 6563 2c20 2055 703a 2047 656e Kexec, Up: Gen\n-00009610: 6572 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 7468 6f64 eral boot method\n-00009620: 730a 0a35 2e31 2e33 2043 6861 696e 2d6c s..5.1.3 Chain-l\n-00009630: 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e20 4f53 0a2d 2d2d oading an OS.---\n-00009640: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00009650: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4f70 6572 6174 696e ------..Operatin\n-00009660: 6720 7379 7374 656d 7320 7468 6174 2064 g systems that d\n-00009670: 6f20 6e6f 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 4d75 o not support Mu\n-00009680: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 646f 206e ltiboot and do n\n-00009690: 6f74 2068 6176 6520 7370 6563 6966 6963 ot have specific\n-000096a0: 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2069 6e20 4752 5542 .support in GRUB\n-000096b0: 2028 7370 6563 6966 6963 2073 7570 706f (specific suppo\n-000096c0: 7274 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 rt is available \n-000096d0: 666f 7220 4c69 6e75 782c 2046 7265 6542 for Linux, FreeB\n-000096e0: 5344 2c0a 4e65 7442 5344 2061 6e64 204f SD,.NetBSD and O\n-000096f0: 7065 6e42 5344 2920 6d75 7374 2062 6520 penBSD) must be \n-00009700: 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 6564 2c20 7768 chain-loaded, wh\n-00009710: 6963 6820 696e 766f 6c76 6573 206c 6f61 ich involves loa\n-00009720: 6469 6e67 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 0a62 6f6f ding another.boo\n-00009730: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2061 6e64 206a 756d t loader and jum\n-00009740: 7069 6e67 2074 6f20 6974 2069 6e20 7265 ping to it in re\n-00009750: 616c 206d 6f64 6520 6f72 2076 6961 2074 al mode or via t\n-00009760: 6865 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e 0a0a 2020 he firmware... \n-00009770: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 The ...chainloa\n-00009780: 6465 72e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 der... command (\n-00009790: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 *note chainloade\n-000097a0: 723a 3a29 2069 7320 7573 6564 2074 6f20 r::) is used to \n-000097b0: 7365 7420 7468 6973 0a75 702e 2020 4974 set this.up. It\n-000097c0: 2069 7320 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2061 6c73 is normally als\n-000097d0: 6f20 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 746f 206c o necessary to l\n-000097e0: 6f61 6420 736f 6d65 2047 5255 4220 6d6f oad some GRUB mo\n-000097f0: 6475 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7365 7420 7468 dules and set th\n-00009800: 650a 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 726f e.appropriate ro\n-00009810: 6f74 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 5075 7474 ot device. Putt\n-00009820: 696e 6720 7468 6973 2074 6f67 6574 6865 ing this togethe\n-00009830: 722c 2077 6520 6765 7420 736f 6d65 7468 r, we get someth\n-00009840: 696e 6720 6c69 6b65 0a74 6869 732c 2066 ing like.this, f\n-00009850: 6f72 2061 2057 696e 646f 7773 2073 7973 or a Windows sys\n-00009860: 7465 6d20 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 tem on the first\n-00009870: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 partition of th\n-00009880: 6520 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 0a64 6973 e first hard.dis\n-00009890: 6b3a 0a0a 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 7920 2257 k:..menuentry \"W\n-000098a0: 696e 646f 7773 2220 7b0a 0969 6e73 6d6f indows\" {..insmo\n-000098b0: 6420 6368 6169 6e0a 0969 6e73 6d6f 6420 d chain..insmod \n-000098c0: 6e74 6673 0a09 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 ntfs..set root=(\n-000098d0: 6864 302c 3129 0a09 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 hd0,1)..chainloa\n-000098e0: 6465 7220 2b31 0a7d 0a0a 2020 204f 6e20 der +1.}.. On \n-000098f0: 7379 7374 656d 7320 7769 7468 206d 756c systems with mul\n-00009900: 7469 706c 6520 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b73 tiple hard disks\n-00009910: 2c20 616e 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 , an additional \n-00009920: 776f 726b 6172 6f75 6e64 206d 6179 2062 workaround may b\n-00009930: 650a 7265 7175 6972 6564 2e20 202a 4e6f e.required. *No\n-00009940: 7465 2044 4f53 2f57 696e 646f 7773 3a3a te DOS/Windows::\n-00009950: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 ... Chain-load\n-00009960: 696e 6720 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 7375 7070 ing is only supp\n-00009970: 6f72 7465 6420 6f6e 2050 4320 4249 4f53 orted on PC BIOS\n-00009980: 2061 6e64 2045 4649 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 and EFI platfor\n-00009990: 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ms.....File: gru\n-000099a0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204c b.info, Node: L\n-000099b0: 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 626f 6f74 696e 672c oopback booting,\n-000099c0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 Next: LVM cach\n-000099d0: 6520 626f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 5072 6576 e booting, Prev\n-000099e0: 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 626f 6f74 206d : General boot m\n-000099f0: 6574 686f 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2042 6f6f ethods, Up: Boo\n-00009a00: 7469 6e67 0a0a 352e 3220 4c6f 6f70 6261 ting..5.2 Loopba\n-00009a10: 636b 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d ck booting.=====\n-00009a20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-00009a30: 0a47 5255 4220 6973 2061 626c 6520 746f .GRUB is able to\n-00009a40: 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 2061 6e20 696d read from an im\n-00009a50: 6167 6520 2862 6520 6974 206f 6e65 206f age (be it one o\n-00009a60: 6620 4344 206f 7220 4844 4429 2073 746f f CD or HDD) sto\n-00009a70: 7265 6420 6f6e 0a61 6e79 206f 6620 6974 red on.any of it\n-00009a80: 7320 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 2073 746f s accessible sto\n-00009a90: 7261 6765 7320 2872 6566 6572 2074 6f20 rages (refer to \n-00009aa0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 3a3a *note loopback::\n-00009ab0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 292e 0a48 6f77 6576 command)..Howev\n-00009ac0: 6572 2074 6865 204f 5320 6974 7365 6c66 er the OS itself\n-00009ad0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 626c 6520 should be able \n-00009ae0: 746f 2066 696e 6420 6974 7320 726f 6f74 to find its root\n-00009af0: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 790a . This usually.\n-00009b00: 696e 766f 6c76 6573 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 involves running\n-00009b10: 2061 2075 7365 7273 7061 6365 2070 726f a userspace pro\n-00009b20: 6772 616d 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2062 6566 gram running bef\n-00009b30: 6f72 6520 7468 6520 7265 616c 2072 6f6f ore the real roo\n-00009b40: 7420 6973 0a64 6973 636f 7665 7265 642e t is.discovered.\n-00009b50: 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6163 6869 6576 This is achiev\n-00009b60: 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 206c 6f61 6469 ed by GRUB loadi\n-00009b70: 6e67 2061 2073 7065 6369 616c 6c79 206d ng a specially m\n-00009b80: 6164 6520 736d 616c 6c0a 696d 6167 6520 ade small.image \n-00009b90: 616e 6420 7061 7373 696e 6720 6974 2061 and passing it a\n-00009ba0: 7320 7261 6d64 6973 6b20 746f 2074 6865 s ramdisk to the\n-00009bb0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 2020 5468 6973 2069 kernel. This i\n-00009bc0: 7320 6163 6869 6576 6564 2062 790a 636f s achieved by.co\n-00009bd0: 6d6d 616e 6473 20e2 8098 6b66 7265 6562 mmands ...kfreeb\n-00009be0: 7364 5f6d 6f64 756c 65e2 8099 2c20 e280 sd_module..., ..\n-00009bf0: 986b 6e65 7462 7364 5f6d 6f64 756c 655f .knetbsd_module_\n-00009c00: 656c 66e2 8099 2c20 e280 986b 6f70 656e elf..., ...kopen\n-00009c10: 6273 645f 7261 6d64 6973 6be2 8099 2c0a bsd_ramdisk...,.\n-00009c20: e280 9869 6e69 7472 64e2 8099 2028 2a6e ...initrd... (*n\n-00009c30: 6f74 6520 696e 6974 7264 3a3a 292c 20e2 ote initrd::), .\n-00009c40: 8098 696e 6974 7264 3136 e280 9920 282a ..initrd16... (*\n-00009c50: 6e6f 7465 2069 6e69 7472 6431 363a 3a29 note initrd16::)\n-00009c60: 2c0a e280 986d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 5f6d ,....multiboot_m\n-00009c70: 6f64 756c 65e2 8099 2c20 e280 986d 756c odule..., ...mul\n-00009c80: 7469 626f 6f74 325f 6d6f 6475 6c65 e280 tiboot2_module..\n-00009c90: 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 786e 755f 7261 6d64 . or ...xnu_ramd\n-00009ca0: 6973 6be2 8099 2064 6570 656e 6469 6e67 isk... depending\n-00009cb0: 206f 6e0a 7468 6520 6c6f 6164 6572 2e20 on.the loader. \n-00009cc0: 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2066 6f72 206b Note that for k\n-00009cd0: 6e65 7462 7364 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 netbsd the image\n-00009ce0: 206d 7573 7420 6265 2070 7574 2069 6e73 must be put ins\n-00009cf0: 6964 650a 6d69 6e69 726f 6f74 2e6b 6d6f ide.miniroot.kmo\n-00009d00: 6420 616e 6420 7468 6520 7768 6f6c 6520 d and the whole \n-00009d10: 6d69 6e69 726f 6f74 2e6b 6d6f 6420 6861 miniroot.kmod ha\n-00009d20: 7320 746f 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2e20 s to be loaded. \n-00009d30: 2049 6e20 6b6f 7065 6e62 7364 0a70 6179 In kopenbsd.pay\n-00009d40: 6c6f 6164 2074 6869 7320 6973 2064 6973 load this is dis\n-00009d50: 6162 6c65 6420 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 abled by default\n-00009d60: 2e20 2041 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 792c . Additionally,\n-00009d70: 2062 6568 6176 696f 7572 206f 6620 696e behaviour of in\n-00009d80: 6974 6961 6c0a 7261 6d64 6973 6b20 6465 itial.ramdisk de\n-00009d90: 7065 6e64 7320 6f6e 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 pends on command\n-00009da0: 206c 696e 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 line options. \n-00009db0: 5365 7665 7261 6c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 Several distribu\n-00009dc0: 746f 7273 2070 726f 7669 6465 0a74 6865 tors provide.the\n-00009dd0: 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 2074 6869 7320 image for this \n-00009de0: 7075 7270 6f73 6520 6f72 2069 7427 7320 purpose or it's \n-00009df0: 696e 7465 6772 6174 6564 2069 6e20 7468 integrated in th\n-00009e00: 6569 7220 7374 616e 6461 7264 2072 616d eir standard ram\n-00009e10: 6469 736b 0a61 6e64 2061 6374 6976 6174 disk.and activat\n-00009e20: 6564 2062 7920 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6f70 ed by special op\n-00009e30: 7469 6f6e 2e20 2043 6f6e 7375 6c74 2079 tion. Consult y\n-00009e40: 6f75 7220 6b65 726e 656c 2061 6e64 2064 our kernel and d\n-00009e50: 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e0a 6d61 6e75 istribution.manu\n-00009e60: 616c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 6465 7461 al for more deta\n-00009e70: 696c 732e 2020 4f74 6865 7220 6c6f 6164 ils. Other load\n-00009e80: 6572 7320 6c69 6b65 20e2 8098 6170 706c ers like ...appl\n-00009e90: 656c 6f61 6465 72e2 8099 2c0a e280 9863 eloader...,....c\n-00009ea0: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 e280 9920 2842 hainloader... (B\n-00009eb0: 494f 532c 2045 4649 2c20 636f 7265 626f IOS, EFI, corebo\n-00009ec0: 6f74 292c 20e2 8098 6672 6565 646f 73e2 ot), ...freedos.\n-00009ed0: 8099 2c20 e280 986e 746c 6472 e280 992c .., ...ntldr...,\n-00009ee0: 20e2 8098 706c 616e 39e2 8099 2061 6e64 ...plan9... and\n-00009ef0: 0ae2 8098 7472 7565 6372 7970 74e2 8099 ....truecrypt...\n-00009f00: 2070 726f 7669 6465 206e 6f20 706f 7373 provide no poss\n-00009f10: 6962 696c 6974 7920 6f66 206c 6f61 6469 ibility of loadi\n-00009f20: 6e67 2069 6e69 7469 616c 2072 616d 6469 ng initial ramdi\n-00009f30: 736b 2061 6e64 2061 7320 6661 720a 6173 sk and as far.as\n-00009f40: 2061 7574 686f 7220 6973 2061 7761 7265 author is aware\n-00009f50: 2074 6865 2070 6179 6c6f 6164 7320 696e the payloads in\n-00009f60: 2071 7565 7374 696f 6e20 646f 6e27 7420 question don't \n-00009f70: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6569 7468 6572 2069 support either i\n-00009f80: 6e69 7469 616c 0a72 616d 6469 736b 206f nitial.ramdisk o\n-00009f90: 7220 6469 7363 6f76 6572 696e 6720 6c6f r discovering lo\n-00009fa0: 6f70 6261 636b 2062 6f6f 7420 696e 206f opback boot in o\n-00009fb0: 7468 6572 2077 6179 2061 6e64 2061 7320 ther way and as \n-00009fc0: 7375 6368 206e 6f74 0a62 6f6f 7461 626c such not.bootabl\n-00009fd0: 6520 7468 6973 2077 6179 2e20 2050 6c65 e this way. Ple\n-00009fe0: 6173 6520 636f 6e73 6964 6572 2061 6c74 ase consider alt\n-00009ff0: 6572 6e61 7469 7665 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 ernative boot me\n-0000a000: 7468 6f64 7320 6c69 6b65 0a63 6f70 7969 thods like.copyi\n-0000a010: 6e67 2061 6c6c 2066 696c 6573 2066 726f ng all files fro\n-0000a020: 6d20 7468 6520 696d 6167 6520 746f 2061 m the image to a\n-0000a030: 6374 7561 6c20 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e2e ctual partition.\n-0000a040: 2020 436f 6e73 756c 7420 796f 7572 204f Consult your O\n-0000a050: 530a 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 S.documentation \n-0000a060: 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2064 6574 6169 6c73 for more details\n-0000a070: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-0000a080: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204c 564d info, Node: LVM\n-0000a090: 2063 6163 6865 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 cache booting, \n-0000a0a0: 204e 6578 743a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 Next: OS-specif\n-0000a0b0: 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a ic notes, Prev:\n-0000a0c0: 204c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 626f 6f74 696e Loopback bootin\n-0000a0d0: 672c 2020 5570 3a20 426f 6f74 696e 670a g, Up: Booting.\n-0000a0e0: 0a35 2e33 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f .5.3 Booting fro\n-0000a0f0: 6d20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 m LVM cache logi\n-0000a100: 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d cal volume.=====\n+000090b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+000090c0: 2d0a 0a4d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2028 2a6e -..Multiboot (*n\n+000090d0: 6f74 6520 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5370 ote Multiboot Sp\n+000090e0: 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e3a 2028 6d75 ecification: (mu\n+000090f0: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7429 546f 702e 2920 6973 ltiboot)Top.) is\n+00009100: 2074 6865 206e 6174 6976 650a 666f 726d the native.form\n+00009110: 6174 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 2062 7920 at supported by \n+00009120: 4752 5542 2e20 466f 7220 7468 6520 7361 GRUB. For the sa\n+00009130: 6b65 206f 6620 636f 6e76 656e 6965 6e63 ke of convenienc\n+00009140: 652c 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 616c 736f e, there is also\n+00009150: 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 204c 696e .support for Lin\n+00009160: 7578 2c20 4672 6565 4253 442c 204e 6574 ux, FreeBSD, Net\n+00009170: 4253 4420 616e 6420 4f70 656e 4253 442e BSD and OpenBSD.\n+00009180: 2049 6620 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 If you want to \n+00009190: 626f 6f74 0a6f 7468 6572 206f 7065 7261 boot.other opera\n+000091a0: 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 796f ting systems, yo\n+000091b0: 7520 7769 6c6c 2068 6176 6520 746f 2063 u will have to c\n+000091c0: 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6420 7468 656d 2028 hain-load them (\n+000091d0: 2a6e 6f74 650a 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 *note.Chain-load\n+000091e0: 696e 673a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 4649 584d ing::)... FIXM\n+000091f0: 453a 2074 6869 7320 7365 6374 696f 6e20 E: this section \n+00009200: 6973 2069 6e63 6f6d 706c 6574 652e 0a0a is incomplete...\n+00009210: 2020 312e 2052 756e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 1. Run the com\n+00009220: 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 e280 9920 mand ...boot... \n+00009230: 282a 6e6f 7465 2062 6f6f 743a 3a29 2e0a (*note boot::)..\n+00009240: 0a20 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c 2044 4f53 . However, DOS\n+00009250: 2061 6e64 2057 696e 646f 7773 2068 6176 and Windows hav\n+00009260: 6520 736f 6d65 2064 6566 6963 6965 6e63 e some deficienc\n+00009270: 6965 732c 2073 6f20 796f 7520 6d69 6768 ies, so you migh\n+00009280: 7420 6861 7665 2074 6f0a 7573 6520 6d6f t have to.use mo\n+00009290: 7265 2063 6f6d 706c 6963 6174 6564 2069 re complicated i\n+000092a0: 6e73 7472 7563 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 2a4e nstructions. *N\n+000092b0: 6f74 6520 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 733a ote DOS/Windows:\n+000092c0: 3a2c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 696e 666f :, for more.info\n+000092d0: 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 rmation.....File\n+000092e0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+000092f0: 6465 3a20 4b65 7865 632c 2020 4e65 7874 de: Kexec, Next\n+00009300: 3a20 4368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 672c : Chain-loading,\n+00009310: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4c6f 6164 696e 6720 Prev: Loading \n+00009320: 616e 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 an operating sys\n+00009330: 7465 6d20 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2c20 2055 tem directly, U\n+00009340: 703a 2047 656e 6572 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 p: General boot \n+00009350: 6d65 7468 6f64 730a 0a35 2e31 2e32 204b methods..5.1.2 K\n+00009360: 6578 6563 2077 6974 6820 6772 7562 322d exec with grub2-\n+00009370: 656d 750a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d emu.------------\n+00009380: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+00009390: 4752 5542 2063 616e 2062 6520 7275 6e20 GRUB can be run \n+000093a0: 696e 2075 7365 7273 7061 6365 2062 7920 in userspace by \n+000093b0: 696e 766f 6b69 6e67 2074 6865 2067 7275 invoking the gru\n+000093c0: 6232 2d65 6d75 2074 6f6f 6c2e 2020 4974 b2-emu tool. It\n+000093d0: 2077 696c 6c0a 7265 6164 2061 6c6c 2063 will.read all c\n+000093e0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2073 6372 onfiguration scr\n+000093f0: 6970 7473 2061 7320 6966 2062 6f6f 7469 ipts as if booti\n+00009400: 6e67 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 2873 6565 ng directly (see\n+00009410: 202a 6e6f 7465 204c 6f61 6469 6e67 0a61 *note Loading.a\n+00009420: 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 n operating syst\n+00009430: 656d 2064 6972 6563 746c 793a 3a29 2e20 em directly::). \n+00009440: 2057 6974 6820 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d6b With the ...--k\n+00009450: 6578 6563 e280 9920 666c 6167 2c20 616e exec... flag, an\n+00009460: 6420 6b65 7865 6328 3829 0a73 7570 706f d kexec(8).suppo\n+00009470: 7274 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6f70 6572 rt from the oper\n+00009480: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2c20 7468 ating system, th\n+00009490: 6520 e280 986c 696e 7578 e280 9920 636f e ...linux... co\n+000094a0: 6d6d 616e 6420 7769 6c6c 2064 6972 6563 mmand will direc\n+000094b0: 746c 790a 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2074 6172 tly.boot the tar\n+000094c0: 6765 7420 696d 6167 652e 2020 466f 7220 get image. For \n+000094d0: 7379 7374 656d 7320 7468 6174 206c 6163 systems that lac\n+000094e0: 6b20 776f 726b 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d k working system\n+000094f0: 6374 6c28 3129 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2066 ctl(1).support f\n+00009500: 6f72 206b 6578 6563 2c20 7061 7373 696e or kexec, passin\n+00009510: 6720 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d6b 6578 6563 g the ...--kexec\n+00009520: e280 9920 666c 6167 2074 7769 6365 2077 ... flag twice w\n+00009530: 696c 6c20 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 2074 6f0a ill fallback to.\n+00009540: 696e 766f 6b69 6e67 206b 6578 6563 2838 invoking kexec(8\n+00009550: 2920 6469 7265 6374 6c79 3b20 6e6f 7465 ) directly; note\n+00009560: 2068 6f77 6576 6572 2074 6861 7420 7468 however that th\n+00009570: 6973 2066 616c 6c62 6163 6b20 6d61 7920 is fallback may \n+00009580: 6265 0a75 6e73 6166 6520 6f75 7473 6964 be.unsafe outsid\n+00009590: 6520 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 656e 7669 e read-only envi\n+000095a0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7473 2c20 6173 2069 7420 ronments, as it \n+000095b0: 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2069 6e76 6f6b 6520 does not invoke \n+000095c0: 7368 7574 646f 776e 0a6d 6163 6869 6e65 shutdown.machine\n+000095d0: 7279 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ry.....File: gru\n+000095e0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 b.info, Node: C\n+000095f0: 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2c20 2050 hain-loading, P\n+00009600: 7265 763a 204b 6578 6563 2c20 2055 703a rev: Kexec, Up:\n+00009610: 2047 656e 6572 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 General boot me\n+00009620: 7468 6f64 730a 0a35 2e31 2e33 2043 6861 thods..5.1.3 Cha\n+00009630: 696e 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e20 4f53 in-loading an OS\n+00009640: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+00009650: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4f70 6572 ----------..Oper\n+00009660: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 7320 7468 ating systems th\n+00009670: 6174 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 7375 7070 6f72 at do not suppor\n+00009680: 7420 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 t Multiboot and \n+00009690: 646f 206e 6f74 2068 6176 6520 7370 6563 do not have spec\n+000096a0: 6966 6963 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2069 6e20 ific.support in \n+000096b0: 4752 5542 2028 7370 6563 6966 6963 2073 GRUB (specific s\n+000096c0: 7570 706f 7274 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 upport is availa\n+000096d0: 626c 6520 666f 7220 4c69 6e75 782c 2046 ble for Linux, F\n+000096e0: 7265 6542 5344 2c0a 4e65 7442 5344 2061 reeBSD,.NetBSD a\n+000096f0: 6e64 204f 7065 6e42 5344 2920 6d75 7374 nd OpenBSD) must\n+00009700: 2062 6520 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 6564 be chain-loaded\n+00009710: 2c20 7768 6963 6820 696e 766f 6c76 6573 , which involves\n+00009720: 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 loading another\n+00009730: 0a62 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2061 6e64 .boot loader and\n+00009740: 206a 756d 7069 6e67 2074 6f20 6974 2069 jumping to it i\n+00009750: 6e20 7265 616c 206d 6f64 6520 6f72 2076 n real mode or v\n+00009760: 6961 2074 6865 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e ia the firmware.\n+00009770: 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 6368 6169 .. The ...chai\n+00009780: 6e6c 6f61 6465 72e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 nloader... comma\n+00009790: 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6368 6169 6e6c nd (*note chainl\n+000097a0: 6f61 6465 723a 3a29 2069 7320 7573 6564 oader::) is used\n+000097b0: 2074 6f20 7365 7420 7468 6973 0a75 702e to set this.up.\n+000097c0: 2020 4974 2069 7320 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 It is normally\n+000097d0: 2061 6c73 6f20 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 also necessary \n+000097e0: 746f 206c 6f61 6420 736f 6d65 2047 5255 to load some GRU\n+000097f0: 4220 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7365 B modules and se\n+00009800: 7420 7468 650a 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 t the.appropriat\n+00009810: 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 e root device. \n+00009820: 5075 7474 696e 6720 7468 6973 2074 6f67 Putting this tog\n+00009830: 6574 6865 722c 2077 6520 6765 7420 736f ether, we get so\n+00009840: 6d65 7468 696e 6720 6c69 6b65 0a74 6869 mething like.thi\n+00009850: 732c 2066 6f72 2061 2057 696e 646f 7773 s, for a Windows\n+00009860: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 system on the f\n+00009870: 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f irst partition o\n+00009880: 6620 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 f the first hard\n+00009890: 0a64 6973 6b3a 0a0a 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 .disk:..menuentr\n+000098a0: 7920 2257 696e 646f 7773 2220 7b0a 0969 y \"Windows\" {..i\n+000098b0: 6e73 6d6f 6420 6368 6169 6e0a 0969 6e73 nsmod chain..ins\n+000098c0: 6d6f 6420 6e74 6673 0a09 7365 7420 726f mod ntfs..set ro\n+000098d0: 6f74 3d28 6864 302c 3129 0a09 6368 6169 ot=(hd0,1)..chai\n+000098e0: 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2b31 0a7d 0a0a 2020 nloader +1.}.. \n+000098f0: 204f 6e20 7379 7374 656d 7320 7769 7468 On systems with\n+00009900: 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 6861 7264 2064 multiple hard d\n+00009910: 6973 6b73 2c20 616e 2061 6464 6974 696f isks, an additio\n+00009920: 6e61 6c20 776f 726b 6172 6f75 6e64 206d nal workaround m\n+00009930: 6179 2062 650a 7265 7175 6972 6564 2e20 ay be.required. \n+00009940: 202a 4e6f 7465 2044 4f53 2f57 696e 646f *Note DOS/Windo\n+00009950: 7773 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 4368 6169 6e2d ws::... Chain-\n+00009960: 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 loading is only \n+00009970: 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6f6e 2050 4320 supported on PC \n+00009980: 4249 4f53 2061 6e64 2045 4649 2070 6c61 BIOS and EFI pla\n+00009990: 7466 6f72 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a tforms.....File:\n+000099a0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+000099b0: 653a 204c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 626f 6f74 e: Loopback boot\n+000099c0: 696e 672c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4c56 4d20 ing, Next: LVM \n+000099d0: 6361 6368 6520 626f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 cache booting, \n+000099e0: 5072 6576 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 626f Prev: General bo\n+000099f0: 6f74 206d 6574 686f 6473 2c20 2055 703a ot methods, Up:\n+00009a00: 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 0a0a 352e 3220 4c6f Booting..5.2 Lo\n+00009a10: 6f70 6261 636b 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 0a3d opback booting.=\n+00009a20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00009a30: 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 6973 2061 626c ===..GRUB is abl\n+00009a40: 6520 746f 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 2061 e to read from a\n+00009a50: 6e20 696d 6167 6520 2862 6520 6974 206f n image (be it o\n+00009a60: 6e65 206f 6620 4344 206f 7220 4844 4429 ne of CD or HDD)\n+00009a70: 2073 746f 7265 6420 6f6e 0a61 6e79 206f stored on.any o\n+00009a80: 6620 6974 7320 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 f its accessible\n+00009a90: 2073 746f 7261 6765 7320 2872 6566 6572 storages (refer\n+00009aa0: 2074 6f20 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c6f 6f70 6261 to *note loopba\n+00009ab0: 636b 3a3a 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 292e 0a48 ck:: command)..H\n+00009ac0: 6f77 6576 6572 2074 6865 204f 5320 6974 owever the OS it\n+00009ad0: 7365 6c66 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 self should be a\n+00009ae0: 626c 6520 746f 2066 696e 6420 6974 7320 ble to find its \n+00009af0: 726f 6f74 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7573 7561 root. This usua\n+00009b00: 6c6c 790a 696e 766f 6c76 6573 2072 756e lly.involves run\n+00009b10: 6e69 6e67 2061 2075 7365 7273 7061 6365 ning a userspace\n+00009b20: 2070 726f 6772 616d 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 program running\n+00009b30: 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7468 6520 7265 616c before the real\n+00009b40: 2072 6f6f 7420 6973 0a64 6973 636f 7665 root is.discove\n+00009b50: 7265 642e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6163 red. This is ac\n+00009b60: 6869 6576 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 206c hieved by GRUB l\n+00009b70: 6f61 6469 6e67 2061 2073 7065 6369 616c oading a special\n+00009b80: 6c79 206d 6164 6520 736d 616c 6c0a 696d ly made small.im\n+00009b90: 6167 6520 616e 6420 7061 7373 696e 6720 age and passing \n+00009ba0: 6974 2061 7320 7261 6d64 6973 6b20 746f it as ramdisk to\n+00009bb0: 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 2020 5468 the kernel. Th\n+00009bc0: 6973 2069 7320 6163 6869 6576 6564 2062 is is achieved b\n+00009bd0: 790a 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 20e2 8098 6b66 y.commands ...kf\n+00009be0: 7265 6562 7364 5f6d 6f64 756c 65e2 8099 reebsd_module...\n+00009bf0: 2c20 e280 986b 6e65 7462 7364 5f6d 6f64 , ...knetbsd_mod\n+00009c00: 756c 655f 656c 66e2 8099 2c20 e280 986b ule_elf..., ...k\n+00009c10: 6f70 656e 6273 645f 7261 6d64 6973 6be2 openbsd_ramdisk.\n+00009c20: 8099 2c0a e280 9869 6e69 7472 64e2 8099 ..,....initrd...\n+00009c30: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 696e 6974 7264 3a3a (*note initrd::\n+00009c40: 292c 20e2 8098 696e 6974 7264 3136 e280 ), ...initrd16..\n+00009c50: 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2069 6e69 7472 6431 . (*note initrd1\n+00009c60: 363a 3a29 2c0a e280 986d 756c 7469 626f 6::),....multibo\n+00009c70: 6f74 5f6d 6f64 756c 65e2 8099 2c20 e280 ot_module..., ..\n+00009c80: 986d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 325f 6d6f 6475 .multiboot2_modu\n+00009c90: 6c65 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 786e 755f le... or ...xnu_\n+00009ca0: 7261 6d64 6973 6be2 8099 2064 6570 656e ramdisk... depen\n+00009cb0: 6469 6e67 206f 6e0a 7468 6520 6c6f 6164 ding on.the load\n+00009cc0: 6572 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2066 er. Note that f\n+00009cd0: 6f72 206b 6e65 7462 7364 2074 6865 2069 or knetbsd the i\n+00009ce0: 6d61 6765 206d 7573 7420 6265 2070 7574 mage must be put\n+00009cf0: 2069 6e73 6964 650a 6d69 6e69 726f 6f74 inside.miniroot\n+00009d00: 2e6b 6d6f 6420 616e 6420 7468 6520 7768 .kmod and the wh\n+00009d10: 6f6c 6520 6d69 6e69 726f 6f74 2e6b 6d6f ole miniroot.kmo\n+00009d20: 6420 6861 7320 746f 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 d has to be load\n+00009d30: 6564 2e20 2049 6e20 6b6f 7065 6e62 7364 ed. In kopenbsd\n+00009d40: 0a70 6179 6c6f 6164 2074 6869 7320 6973 .payload this is\n+00009d50: 2064 6973 6162 6c65 6420 6279 2064 6566 disabled by def\n+00009d60: 6175 6c74 2e20 2041 6464 6974 696f 6e61 ault. Additiona\n+00009d70: 6c6c 792c 2062 6568 6176 696f 7572 206f lly, behaviour o\n+00009d80: 6620 696e 6974 6961 6c0a 7261 6d64 6973 f initial.ramdis\n+00009d90: 6b20 6465 7065 6e64 7320 6f6e 2063 6f6d k depends on com\n+00009da0: 6d61 6e64 206c 696e 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e mand line option\n+00009db0: 732e 2020 5365 7665 7261 6c20 6469 7374 s. Several dist\n+00009dc0: 7269 6275 746f 7273 2070 726f 7669 6465 ributors provide\n+00009dd0: 0a74 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 2074 .the image for t\n+00009de0: 6869 7320 7075 7270 6f73 6520 6f72 2069 his purpose or i\n+00009df0: 7427 7320 696e 7465 6772 6174 6564 2069 t's integrated i\n+00009e00: 6e20 7468 6569 7220 7374 616e 6461 7264 n their standard\n+00009e10: 2072 616d 6469 736b 0a61 6e64 2061 6374 ramdisk.and act\n+00009e20: 6976 6174 6564 2062 7920 7370 6563 6961 ivated by specia\n+00009e30: 6c20 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e20 2043 6f6e 7375 l option. Consu\n+00009e40: 6c74 2079 6f75 7220 6b65 726e 656c 2061 lt your kernel a\n+00009e50: 6e64 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e0a nd distribution.\n+00009e60: 6d61 6e75 616c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 manual for more \n+00009e70: 6465 7461 696c 732e 2020 4f74 6865 7220 details. Other \n+00009e80: 6c6f 6164 6572 7320 6c69 6b65 20e2 8098 loaders like ...\n+00009e90: 6170 706c 656c 6f61 6465 72e2 8099 2c0a appleloader...,.\n+00009ea0: e280 9863 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 e280 ...chainloader..\n+00009eb0: 9920 2842 494f 532c 2045 4649 2c20 636f . (BIOS, EFI, co\n+00009ec0: 7265 626f 6f74 292c 20e2 8098 6672 6565 reboot), ...free\n+00009ed0: 646f 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 986e 746c 6472 dos..., ...ntldr\n+00009ee0: e280 992c 20e2 8098 706c 616e 39e2 8099 ..., ...plan9...\n+00009ef0: 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 7472 7565 6372 7970 and....truecryp\n+00009f00: 74e2 8099 2070 726f 7669 6465 206e 6f20 t... provide no \n+00009f10: 706f 7373 6962 696c 6974 7920 6f66 206c possibility of l\n+00009f20: 6f61 6469 6e67 2069 6e69 7469 616c 2072 oading initial r\n+00009f30: 616d 6469 736b 2061 6e64 2061 7320 6661 amdisk and as fa\n+00009f40: 720a 6173 2061 7574 686f 7220 6973 2061 r.as author is a\n+00009f50: 7761 7265 2074 6865 2070 6179 6c6f 6164 ware the payload\n+00009f60: 7320 696e 2071 7565 7374 696f 6e20 646f s in question do\n+00009f70: 6e27 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6569 7468 n't support eith\n+00009f80: 6572 2069 6e69 7469 616c 0a72 616d 6469 er initial.ramdi\n+00009f90: 736b 206f 7220 6469 7363 6f76 6572 696e sk or discoverin\n+00009fa0: 6720 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 2062 6f6f 7420 g loopback boot \n+00009fb0: 696e 206f 7468 6572 2077 6179 2061 6e64 in other way and\n+00009fc0: 2061 7320 7375 6368 206e 6f74 0a62 6f6f as such not.boo\n+00009fd0: 7461 626c 6520 7468 6973 2077 6179 2e20 table this way. \n+00009fe0: 2050 6c65 6173 6520 636f 6e73 6964 6572 Please consider\n+00009ff0: 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 2062 6f6f alternative boo\n+0000a000: 7420 6d65 7468 6f64 7320 6c69 6b65 0a63 t methods like.c\n+0000a010: 6f70 7969 6e67 2061 6c6c 2066 696c 6573 opying all files\n+0000a020: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 696d 6167 6520 from the image \n+0000a030: 746f 2061 6374 7561 6c20 7061 7274 6974 to actual partit\n+0000a040: 696f 6e2e 2020 436f 6e73 756c 7420 796f ion. Consult yo\n+0000a050: 7572 204f 530a 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 ur OS.documentat\n+0000a060: 696f 6e20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2064 6574 ion for more det\n+0000a070: 6169 6c73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ails.....File: g\n+0000a080: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+0000a090: 204c 564d 2063 6163 6865 2062 6f6f 7469 LVM cache booti\n+0000a0a0: 6e67 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204f 532d 7370 ng, Next: OS-sp\n+0000a0b0: 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2c20 2050 ecific notes, P\n+0000a0c0: 7265 763a 204c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 626f rev: Loopback bo\n+0000a0d0: 6f74 696e 672c 2020 5570 3a20 426f 6f74 oting, Up: Boot\n+0000a0e0: 696e 670a 0a35 2e33 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 ing..5.3 Booting\n+0000a0f0: 2066 726f 6d20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 from LVM cache \n+0000a100: 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 0a3d logical volume.=\n 0000a110: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 0000a120: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0000a130: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 4c56 4d20 6361 ====..The LVM ca\n-0000a140: 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 che logical volu\n-0000a150: 6d65 2069 7320 7468 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 me is the logica\n-0000a160: 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 l volume consist\n-0000a170: 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 0a6f 7269 6769 ing of the.origi\n-0000a180: 6e61 6c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 6361 6368 nal and the cach\n-0000a190: 6520 706f 6f6c 206c 6f67 6963 616c 2076 e pool logical v\n-0000a1a0: 6f6c 756d 652e 2020 5468 6520 6f72 6967 olume. The orig\n-0000a1b0: 696e 616c 2069 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 inal is usually \n-0000a1c0: 6f6e 0a61 206c 6172 6765 7220 616e 6420 on.a larger and \n-0000a1d0: 736c 6f77 6572 2073 746f 7261 6765 2064 slower storage d\n-0000a1e0: 6576 6963 6520 7768 696c 6520 7468 6520 evice while the \n-0000a1f0: 6361 6368 6520 706f 6f6c 2069 7320 6f6e cache pool is on\n-0000a200: 2061 2073 6d61 6c6c 6572 0a61 6e64 2066 a smaller.and f\n-0000a210: 6173 7465 7220 6f6e 652e 2020 5468 6520 aster one. The \n-0000a220: 7065 7266 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 6f66 2074 performance of t\n-0000a230: 6865 206f 7269 6769 6e61 6c20 766f 6c75 he original volu\n-0000a240: 6d65 2063 616e 2062 6520 696d 7072 6f76 me can be improv\n-0000a250: 6564 0a62 7920 7374 6f72 696e 6720 7468 ed.by storing th\n-0000a260: 6520 6672 6571 7565 6e74 6c79 2075 7365 e frequently use\n-0000a270: 6420 6461 7461 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6361 d data on the ca\n-0000a280: 6368 6520 706f 6f6c 2074 6f20 7574 696c che pool to util\n-0000a290: 697a 6520 7468 650a 6772 6561 7465 7220 ize the.greater \n-0000a2a0: 7065 7266 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 6f66 2066 performance of f\n-0000a2b0: 6173 7465 7220 6465 7669 6365 2e0a 0a20 aster device... \n-0000a2c0: 2020 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7473 2066 726f GRUB boots fro\n-0000a2d0: 6d20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 m LVM cache logi\n-0000a2e0: 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 206d 6572 656c cal volume merel\n-0000a2f0: 7920 6279 2072 6561 6469 6e67 2069 7427 y by reading it'\n-0000a300: 730a 6f72 6967 696e 616c 206c 6f67 6963 s.original logic\n-0000a310: 616c 2076 6f6c 756d 6520 736f 2074 6861 al volume so tha\n-0000a320: 7420 6469 7274 7920 6461 7461 2069 6e20 t dirty data in \n-0000a330: 6361 6368 6520 706f 6f6c 2076 6f6c 756d cache pool volum\n-0000a340: 6520 6973 0a64 6973 7265 6761 7264 6564 e is.disregarded\n-0000a350: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 206e 6f74 2061 . This is not a\n-0000a360: 2070 726f 626c 656d 2066 6f72 2022 7772 problem for \"wr\n-0000a370: 6974 6574 6872 6f75 6768 2220 6361 6368 itethrough\" cach\n-0000a380: 6520 6d6f 6465 2061 7320 6974 0a65 6e73 e mode as it.ens\n-0000a390: 7572 6573 2074 6861 7420 616e 7920 6461 ures that any da\n-0000a3a0: 7461 2077 7269 7474 656e 2077 696c 6c20 ta written will \n-0000a3b0: 6265 2073 746f 7265 6420 626f 7468 206f be stored both o\n-0000a3c0: 6e20 7468 6520 6361 6368 6520 616e 6420 n the cache and \n-0000a3d0: 7468 650a 6f72 6967 696e 204c 562e 2046 the.origin LV. F\n-0000a3e0: 6f72 2074 6865 206f 7468 6572 2063 6163 or the other cac\n-0000a3f0: 6865 206d 6f64 6520 2277 7269 7465 6261 he mode \"writeba\n-0000a400: 636b 222c 2077 6869 6368 2064 656c 6179 ck\", which delay\n-0000a410: 7320 7772 6974 696e 670a 6672 6f6d 2074 s writing.from t\n-0000a420: 6865 2063 6163 6865 2070 6f6f 6c20 6261 he cache pool ba\n-0000a430: 636b 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6f72 6967 696e ck to the origin\n-0000a440: 204c 5620 746f 2062 6f6f 7374 2070 6572 LV to boost per\n-0000a450: 666f 726d 616e 6365 2c20 4752 5542 206d formance, GRUB m\n-0000a460: 6179 0a66 6169 6c20 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 ay.fail to boot \n-0000a470: 696e 2074 6865 2077 616b 6520 6f66 2061 in the wake of a\n-0000a480: 6363 6964 656e 7461 6c20 706f 7765 7220 ccidental power \n-0000a490: 6f75 7461 6765 2064 7565 2074 6f20 6974 outage due to it\n-0000a4a0: 2773 0a69 6e61 6269 6c69 7479 2074 6f20 's.inability to \n-0000a4b0: 6173 7365 6d62 6c65 2074 6865 2063 6163 assemble the cac\n-0000a4c0: 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 666f 7220 7265 he device for re\n-0000a4d0: 6164 696e 6720 7468 6520 7265 7175 6972 ading the requir\n-0000a4e0: 6564 2064 6972 7479 0a64 6174 6120 6c65 ed dirty.data le\n-0000a4f0: 6674 2062 6568 696e 642e 2020 5468 6520 ft behind. The \n-0000a500: 7369 7475 6174 696f 6e20 7769 6c6c 2062 situation will b\n-0000a510: 6520 696d 7072 6f76 6564 2061 6674 6572 e improved after\n-0000a520: 2061 6464 696e 6720 6675 6c6c 0a73 7570 adding full.sup\n-0000a530: 706f 7274 2074 6f20 7468 6520 4c56 4d20 port to the LVM \n-0000a540: 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 766f cache logical vo\n-0000a550: 6c75 6d65 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6675 7475 lume in the futu\n-0000a560: 7265 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 re.....File: gru\n-0000a570: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204f b.info, Node: O\n-0000a580: 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 S-specific notes\n-0000a590: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204c 564d 2063 6163 , Prev: LVM cac\n-0000a5a0: 6865 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 2055 703a he booting, Up:\n-0000a5b0: 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 0a0a 352e 3420 536f Booting..5.4 So\n-0000a5c0: 6d65 2063 6176 6561 7473 206f 6e20 4f53 me caveats on OS\n-0000a5d0: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6973 7375 6573 -specific issues\n-0000a5e0: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+0000a130: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 4c56 ========..The LV\n+0000a140: 4d20 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 M cache logical \n+0000a150: 766f 6c75 6d65 2069 7320 7468 6520 6c6f volume is the lo\n+0000a160: 6769 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 2063 6f6e gical volume con\n+0000a170: 7369 7374 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 0a6f sisting of the.o\n+0000a180: 7269 6769 6e61 6c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 riginal and the \n+0000a190: 6361 6368 6520 706f 6f6c 206c 6f67 6963 cache pool logic\n+0000a1a0: 616c 2076 6f6c 756d 652e 2020 5468 6520 al volume. The \n+0000a1b0: 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2069 7320 7573 7561 original is usua\n+0000a1c0: 6c6c 7920 6f6e 0a61 206c 6172 6765 7220 lly on.a larger \n+0000a1d0: 616e 6420 736c 6f77 6572 2073 746f 7261 and slower stora\n+0000a1e0: 6765 2064 6576 6963 6520 7768 696c 6520 ge device while \n+0000a1f0: 7468 6520 6361 6368 6520 706f 6f6c 2069 the cache pool i\n+0000a200: 7320 6f6e 2061 2073 6d61 6c6c 6572 0a61 s on a smaller.a\n+0000a210: 6e64 2066 6173 7465 7220 6f6e 652e 2020 nd faster one. \n+0000a220: 5468 6520 7065 7266 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 The performance \n+0000a230: 6f66 2074 6865 206f 7269 6769 6e61 6c20 of the original \n+0000a240: 766f 6c75 6d65 2063 616e 2062 6520 696d volume can be im\n+0000a250: 7072 6f76 6564 0a62 7920 7374 6f72 696e proved.by storin\n+0000a260: 6720 7468 6520 6672 6571 7565 6e74 6c79 g the frequently\n+0000a270: 2075 7365 6420 6461 7461 206f 6e20 7468 used data on th\n+0000a280: 6520 6361 6368 6520 706f 6f6c 2074 6f20 e cache pool to \n+0000a290: 7574 696c 697a 6520 7468 650a 6772 6561 utilize the.grea\n+0000a2a0: 7465 7220 7065 7266 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 ter performance \n+0000a2b0: 6f66 2066 6173 7465 7220 6465 7669 6365 of faster device\n+0000a2c0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7473 ... GRUB boots\n+0000a2d0: 2066 726f 6d20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 from LVM cache \n+0000a2e0: 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 206d logical volume m\n+0000a2f0: 6572 656c 7920 6279 2072 6561 6469 6e67 erely by reading\n+0000a300: 2069 7427 730a 6f72 6967 696e 616c 206c it's.original l\n+0000a310: 6f67 6963 616c 2076 6f6c 756d 6520 736f ogical volume so\n+0000a320: 2074 6861 7420 6469 7274 7920 6461 7461 that dirty data\n+0000a330: 2069 6e20 6361 6368 6520 706f 6f6c 2076 in cache pool v\n+0000a340: 6f6c 756d 6520 6973 0a64 6973 7265 6761 olume is.disrega\n+0000a350: 7264 6564 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 206e rded. This is n\n+0000a360: 6f74 2061 2070 726f 626c 656d 2066 6f72 ot a problem for\n+0000a370: 2022 7772 6974 6574 6872 6f75 6768 2220 \"writethrough\" \n+0000a380: 6361 6368 6520 6d6f 6465 2061 7320 6974 cache mode as it\n+0000a390: 0a65 6e73 7572 6573 2074 6861 7420 616e .ensures that an\n+0000a3a0: 7920 6461 7461 2077 7269 7474 656e 2077 y data written w\n+0000a3b0: 696c 6c20 6265 2073 746f 7265 6420 626f ill be stored bo\n+0000a3c0: 7468 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6361 6368 6520 th on the cache \n+0000a3d0: 616e 6420 7468 650a 6f72 6967 696e 204c and the.origin L\n+0000a3e0: 562e 2046 6f72 2074 6865 206f 7468 6572 V. For the other\n+0000a3f0: 2063 6163 6865 206d 6f64 6520 2277 7269 cache mode \"wri\n+0000a400: 7465 6261 636b 222c 2077 6869 6368 2064 teback\", which d\n+0000a410: 656c 6179 7320 7772 6974 696e 670a 6672 elays writing.fr\n+0000a420: 6f6d 2074 6865 2063 6163 6865 2070 6f6f om the cache poo\n+0000a430: 6c20 6261 636b 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6f72 l back to the or\n+0000a440: 6967 696e 204c 5620 746f 2062 6f6f 7374 igin LV to boost\n+0000a450: 2070 6572 666f 726d 616e 6365 2c20 4752 performance, GR\n+0000a460: 5542 206d 6179 0a66 6169 6c20 746f 2062 UB may.fail to b\n+0000a470: 6f6f 7420 696e 2074 6865 2077 616b 6520 oot in the wake \n+0000a480: 6f66 2061 6363 6964 656e 7461 6c20 706f of accidental po\n+0000a490: 7765 7220 6f75 7461 6765 2064 7565 2074 wer outage due t\n+0000a4a0: 6f20 6974 2773 0a69 6e61 6269 6c69 7479 o it's.inability\n+0000a4b0: 2074 6f20 6173 7365 6d62 6c65 2074 6865 to assemble the\n+0000a4c0: 2063 6163 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 666f cache device fo\n+0000a4d0: 7220 7265 6164 696e 6720 7468 6520 7265 r reading the re\n+0000a4e0: 7175 6972 6564 2064 6972 7479 0a64 6174 quired dirty.dat\n+0000a4f0: 6120 6c65 6674 2062 6568 696e 642e 2020 a left behind. \n+0000a500: 5468 6520 7369 7475 6174 696f 6e20 7769 The situation wi\n+0000a510: 6c6c 2062 6520 696d 7072 6f76 6564 2061 ll be improved a\n+0000a520: 6674 6572 2061 6464 696e 6720 6675 6c6c fter adding full\n+0000a530: 0a73 7570 706f 7274 2074 6f20 7468 6520 .support to the \n+0000a540: 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 LVM cache logica\n+0000a550: 6c20 766f 6c75 6d65 2069 6e20 7468 6520 l volume in the \n+0000a560: 6675 7475 7265 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a future.....File:\n+0000a570: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0000a580: 653a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e e: OS-specific n\n+0000a590: 6f74 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204c 564d otes, Prev: LVM\n+0000a5a0: 2063 6163 6865 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 cache booting, \n+0000a5b0: 2055 703a 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 0a0a 352e Up: Booting..5.\n+0000a5c0: 3420 536f 6d65 2063 6176 6561 7473 206f 4 Some caveats o\n+0000a5d0: 6e20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6973 n OS-specific is\n+0000a5e0: 7375 6573 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d sues.===========\n 0000a5f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0000a600: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a48 6572 652c 2077 =======..Here, w\n-0000a610: 6520 6465 7363 7269 6265 2073 6f6d 6520 e describe some \n-0000a620: 6361 7665 6174 7320 6f6e 2073 6576 6572 caveats on sever\n-0000a630: 616c 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 al operating sys\n-0000a640: 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a tems...* Menu:..\n-0000a650: 2a20 474e 552f 4875 7264 3a3a 0a2a 2047 * GNU/Hurd::.* G\n-0000a660: 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 3a3a 0a2a 204e 6574 NU/Linux::.* Net\n-0000a670: 4253 443a 3a0a 2a20 444f 532f 5769 6e64 BSD::.* DOS/Wind\n-0000a680: 6f77 733a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ows::....File: g\n-0000a690: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-0000a6a0: 2047 4e55 2f48 7572 642c 2020 4e65 7874 GNU/Hurd, Next\n-0000a6b0: 3a20 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 782c 2020 5570 : GNU/Linux, Up\n-0000a6c0: 3a20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6e6f : OS-specific no\n-0000a6d0: 7465 730a 0a35 2e34 2e31 2047 4e55 2f48 tes..5.4.1 GNU/H\n-0000a6e0: 7572 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d urd.------------\n-0000a6f0: 2d2d 0a0a 5369 6e63 6520 474e 552f 4875 --..Since GNU/Hu\n-0000a700: 7264 2069 7320 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 742d rd is Multiboot-\n-0000a710: 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 742c 2069 7420 6973 compliant, it is\n-0000a720: 2065 6173 7920 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 6974 easy to boot it\n-0000a730: 3b20 7468 6572 6520 6973 0a6e 6f74 6869 ; there is.nothi\n-0000a740: 6e67 2073 7065 6369 616c 2061 626f 7574 ng special about\n-0000a750: 2069 742e 2020 4275 7420 646f 206e 6f74 it. But do not\n-0000a760: 2066 6f72 6765 7420 7468 6174 2079 6f75 forget that you\n-0000a770: 2068 6176 6520 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 have to specify\n-0000a780: 2061 0a72 6f6f 7420 7061 7274 6974 696f a.root partitio\n-0000a790: 6e20 746f 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e n to the kernel.\n-0000a7a0: 0a0a 2020 312e 2053 6574 2047 5255 4227 .. 1. Set GRUB'\n-0000a7b0: 7320 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 6520 746f s root device to\n-0000a7c0: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6472 6976 6520 the same drive \n-0000a7d0: 6173 2047 4e55 2f48 7572 6427 732e 2020 as GNU/Hurd's. \n-0000a7e0: 5468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 The. command\n-0000a7f0: 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 ...search --set\n-0000a800: 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6669 6c65 202f 626f =root --file /bo\n-0000a810: 6f74 2f67 6e75 6d61 6368 2e67 7ae2 8099 ot/gnumach.gz...\n-0000a820: 206f 7220 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 6d61 790a or similar may.\n-0000a830: 2020 2020 2068 656c 7020 796f 7520 282a help you (*\n-0000a840: 6e6f 7465 2073 6561 7263 683a 3a29 2e0a note search::)..\n-0000a850: 0a20 2032 2e20 4c6f 6164 2074 6865 206b . 2. Load the k\n-0000a860: 6572 6e65 6c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 6d6f ernel and the mo\n-0000a870: 6475 6c65 732c 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 dules, like this\n-0000a880: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 :.. gru\n-0000a890: 623e 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 202f 626f b> multiboot /bo\n-0000a8a0: 6f74 2f67 6e75 6d61 6368 2e67 7a20 726f ot/gnumach.gz ro\n-0000a8b0: 6f74 3d64 6576 6963 653a 6864 3073 310a ot=device:hd0s1.\n-0000a8c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 grub> \n-0000a8d0: 6d6f 6475 6c65 2020 2f68 7572 642f 6578 module /hurd/ex\n-0000a8e0: 7432 6673 2e73 7461 7469 6320 6578 7432 t2fs.static ext2\n-0000a8f0: 6673 202d 2d72 6561 646f 6e6c 7920 5c0a fs --readonly \\.\n-0000a900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202d 2d6d --m\n-0000a920: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2d63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ultiboot-command\n-0000a930: 2d6c 696e 653d 2724 7b6b 6572 6e65 6c2d -line='${kernel-\n-0000a940: 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 7d27 205c command-line}' \\\n-0000a950: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0000a960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2d2d --\n-0000a970: 686f 7374 2d70 7269 762d 706f 7274 3d27 host-priv-port='\n-0000a980: 247b 686f 7374 2d70 6f72 747d 2720 5c0a ${host-port}' \\.\n-0000a990: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a9a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202d 2d64 --d\n-0000a9b0: 6576 6963 652d 6d61 7374 6572 2d70 6f72 evice-master-por\n-0000a9c0: 743d 2724 7b64 6576 6963 652d 706f 7274 t='${device-port\n-0000a9d0: 7d27 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 }' \\. \n+0000a600: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a48 6572 ===========..Her\n+0000a610: 652c 2077 6520 6465 7363 7269 6265 2073 e, we describe s\n+0000a620: 6f6d 6520 6361 7665 6174 7320 6f6e 2073 ome caveats on s\n+0000a630: 6576 6572 616c 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 everal operating\n+0000a640: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e systems...* Men\n+0000a650: 753a 0a0a 2a20 474e 552f 4875 7264 3a3a u:..* GNU/Hurd::\n+0000a660: 0a2a 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 3a3a 0a2a .* GNU/Linux::.*\n+0000a670: 204e 6574 4253 443a 3a0a 2a20 444f 532f NetBSD::.* DOS/\n+0000a680: 5769 6e64 6f77 733a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c Windows::....Fil\n+0000a690: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+0000a6a0: 6f64 653a 2047 4e55 2f48 7572 642c 2020 ode: GNU/Hurd, \n+0000a6b0: 4e65 7874 3a20 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 782c Next: GNU/Linux,\n+0000a6c0: 2020 5570 3a20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 Up: OS-specifi\n+0000a6d0: 6320 6e6f 7465 730a 0a35 2e34 2e31 2047 c notes..5.4.1 G\n+0000a6e0: 4e55 2f48 7572 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d NU/Hurd.--------\n+0000a6f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5369 6e63 6520 474e ------..Since GN\n+0000a700: 552f 4875 7264 2069 7320 4d75 6c74 6962 U/Hurd is Multib\n+0000a710: 6f6f 742d 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 742c 2069 oot-compliant, i\n+0000a720: 7420 6973 2065 6173 7920 746f 2062 6f6f t is easy to boo\n+0000a730: 7420 6974 3b20 7468 6572 6520 6973 0a6e t it; there is.n\n+0000a740: 6f74 6869 6e67 2073 7065 6369 616c 2061 othing special a\n+0000a750: 626f 7574 2069 742e 2020 4275 7420 646f bout it. But do\n+0000a760: 206e 6f74 2066 6f72 6765 7420 7468 6174 not forget that\n+0000a770: 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 746f 2073 7065 you have to spe\n+0000a780: 6369 6679 2061 0a72 6f6f 7420 7061 7274 cify a.root part\n+0000a790: 6974 696f 6e20 746f 2074 6865 206b 6572 ition to the ker\n+0000a7a0: 6e65 6c2e 0a0a 2020 312e 2053 6574 2047 nel... 1. Set G\n+0000a7b0: 5255 4227 7320 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 RUB's root devic\n+0000a7c0: 6520 746f 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6472 e to the same dr\n+0000a7d0: 6976 6520 6173 2047 4e55 2f48 7572 6427 ive as GNU/Hurd'\n+0000a7e0: 732e 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d s. The. com\n+0000a7f0: 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 202d mand ...search -\n+0000a800: 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6669 6c65 -set=root --file\n+0000a810: 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 6e75 6d61 6368 2e67 /boot/gnumach.g\n+0000a820: 7ae2 8099 206f 7220 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 z... or similar \n+0000a830: 6d61 790a 2020 2020 2068 656c 7020 796f may. help yo\n+0000a840: 7520 282a 6e6f 7465 2073 6561 7263 683a u (*note search:\n+0000a850: 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2032 2e20 4c6f 6164 2074 :)... 2. Load t\n+0000a860: 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 616e 6420 7468 he kernel and th\n+0000a870: 6520 6d6f 6475 6c65 732c 206c 696b 6520 e modules, like \n+0000a880: 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 this:.. \n+0000a890: 2067 7275 623e 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 grub> multiboot\n+0000a8a0: 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 6e75 6d61 6368 2e67 /boot/gnumach.g\n+0000a8b0: 7a20 726f 6f74 3d64 6576 6963 653a 6864 z root=device:hd\n+0000a8c0: 3073 310a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 0s1. gr\n+0000a8d0: 7562 3e20 6d6f 6475 6c65 2020 2f68 7572 ub> module /hur\n+0000a8e0: 642f 6578 7432 6673 2e73 7461 7469 6320 d/ext2fs.static \n+0000a8f0: 6578 7432 6673 202d 2d72 6561 646f 6e6c ext2fs --readonl\n+0000a900: 7920 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 y \\. \n+0000a910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000a920: 202d 2d6d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2d63 6f6d --multiboot-com\n+0000a930: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 653d 2724 7b6b 6572 mand-line='${ker\n+0000a940: 6e65 6c2d 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 nel-command-line\n+0000a950: 7d27 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 }' \\. \n+0000a960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000a970: 2020 2d2d 686f 7374 2d70 7269 762d 706f --host-priv-po\n+0000a980: 7274 3d27 247b 686f 7374 2d70 6f72 747d rt='${host-port}\n+0000a990: 2720 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ' \\. \n+0000a9a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000a9b0: 202d 2d64 6576 6963 652d 6d61 7374 6572 --device-master\n+0000a9c0: 2d70 6f72 743d 2724 7b64 6576 6963 652d -port='${device-\n+0000a9d0: 706f 7274 7d27 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 port}' \\. \n 0000a9e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a9f0: 2020 2d2d 6578 6563 2d73 6572 7665 722d --exec-server-\n-0000aa00: 7461 736b 3d27 247b 6578 6563 2d74 6173 task='${exec-tas\n-0000aa10: 6b7d 2720 2d54 2074 7970 6564 2027 247b k}' -T typed '${\n-0000aa20: 726f 6f74 7d27 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 root}' \\. \n+0000a9f0: 2020 2020 2020 2d2d 6578 6563 2d73 6572 --exec-ser\n+0000aa00: 7665 722d 7461 736b 3d27 247b 6578 6563 ver-task='${exec\n+0000aa10: 2d74 6173 6b7d 2720 2d54 2074 7970 6564 -task}' -T typed\n+0000aa20: 2027 247b 726f 6f74 7d27 205c 0a20 2020 '${root}' \\. \n 0000aa30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000aa40: 2020 2020 2020 2724 2874 6173 6b2d 6372 '$(task-cr\n-0000aa50: 6561 7465 2927 2027 2428 7461 736b 2d72 eate)' '$(task-r\n-0000aa60: 6573 756d 6529 270a 2020 2020 2020 2020 esume)'. \n-0000aa70: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6d6f 6475 6c65 202f grub> module /\n-0000aa80: 6c69 622f 6c64 2e73 6f2e 3120 6578 6563 lib/ld.so.1 exec\n-0000aa90: 202f 6875 7264 2f65 7865 6320 2724 2865 /hurd/exec '$(e\n-0000aaa0: 7865 632d 7461 736b 3d74 6173 6b2d 6372 xec-task=task-cr\n-0000aab0: 6561 7465 2927 0a0a 2020 332e 2046 696e eate)'.. 3. Fin\n-0000aac0: 616c 6c79 2c20 7275 6e20 7468 6520 636f ally, run the co\n-0000aad0: 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 mmand ...boot...\n-0000aae0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 626f 6f74 3a3a 292e (*note boot::).\n-0000aaf0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-0000ab00: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 474e 552f nfo, Node: GNU/\n-0000ab10: 4c69 6e75 782c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4e65 Linux, Next: Ne\n-0000ab20: 7442 5344 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2047 4e55 tBSD, Prev: GNU\n-0000ab30: 2f48 7572 642c 2020 5570 3a20 4f53 2d73 /Hurd, Up: OS-s\n-0000ab40: 7065 6369 6669 6320 6e6f 7465 730a 0a35 pecific notes..5\n-0000ab50: 2e34 2e32 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 0a2d .4.2 GNU/Linux.-\n-0000ab60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-0000ab70: 4974 2069 7320 7265 6c61 7469 7665 6c79 It is relatively\n-0000ab80: 2065 6173 7920 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 474e easy to boot GN\n-0000ab90: 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 U/Linux from GRU\n-0000aba0: 422c 2062 6563 6175 7365 2069 7420 736f B, because it so\n-0000abb0: 6d65 7768 6174 0a72 6573 656d 626c 6573 mewhat.resembles\n-0000abc0: 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2061 204d 756c 7469 to boot a Multi\n-0000abd0: 626f 6f74 2d63 6f6d 706c 6961 6e74 204f boot-compliant O\n-0000abe0: 532e 0a0a 2020 312e 2053 6574 2047 5255 S... 1. Set GRU\n-0000abf0: 4227 7320 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 6520 B's root device \n-0000ac00: 746f 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6472 6976 to the same driv\n-0000ac10: 6520 6173 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 2773 e as GNU/Linux's\n-0000ac20: 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d . The. comm\n-0000ac30: 616e 6420 e280 9873 6561 7263 6820 2d2d and ...search --\n-0000ac40: 7365 743d 726f 6f74 202d 2d66 696c 6520 set=root --file \n-0000ac50: 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a e280 9920 6f72 2073 /vmlinuz... or s\n-0000ac60: 696d 696c 6172 206d 6179 2068 656c 7020 imilar may help \n-0000ac70: 796f 750a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 you. (*note \n-0000ac80: 7365 6172 6368 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 322e search::)... 2.\n-0000ac90: 204c 6f61 6420 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c Load the kernel\n-0000aca0: 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 using the comma\n-0000acb0: 6e64 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 78e2 8099 2028 nd ...linux... (\n-0000acc0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 6e75 783a 3a29 3a0a *note linux::):.\n-0000acd0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e . grub>\n-0000ace0: 206c 696e 7578 202f 766d 6c69 6e75 7a20 linux /vmlinuz \n-0000acf0: 726f 6f74 3d2f 6465 762f 7364 6131 0a0a root=/dev/sda1..\n-0000ad00: 2020 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 6e65 6564 If you need\n-0000ad10: 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 736f 6d65 to specify some\n-0000ad20: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 7061 7261 6d65 7465 kernel paramete\n-0000ad30: 7273 2c20 6a75 7374 2061 7070 656e 6420 rs, just append \n-0000ad40: 7468 656d 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 them to. the\n-0000ad50: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 command. For e\n-0000ad60: 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 746f 2073 6574 20e2 xample, to set .\n-0000ad70: 8098 6163 7069 e280 9920 746f 20e2 8098 ..acpi... to ...\n-0000ad80: 6f66 66e2 8099 2c20 646f 2074 6869 733a off..., do this:\n-0000ad90: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 .. grub\n-0000ada0: 3e20 6c69 6e75 7820 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a > linux /vmlinuz\n-0000adb0: 2072 6f6f 743d 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 3120 root=/dev/sda1 \n-0000adc0: 6163 7069 3d6f 6666 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 acpi=off.. S\n-0000add0: 6565 2074 6865 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 ee the documenta\n-0000ade0: 7469 6f6e 2069 6e20 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 tion in the Linu\n-0000adf0: 7820 736f 7572 6365 2074 7265 6520 666f x source tree fo\n-0000ae00: 7220 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 0a20 2020 2020 r complete. \n-0000ae10: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e 2074 information on t\n-0000ae20: 6865 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 7074 he available opt\n-0000ae30: 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 ions... With\n-0000ae40: 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 78e2 8099 2047 5255 ...linux... GRU\n-0000ae50: 4220 7573 6573 2033 322d 6269 7420 7072 B uses 32-bit pr\n-0000ae60: 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2e20 2053 6f6d 6520 4249 otocol. Some BI\n-0000ae70: 4f53 2073 6572 7669 6365 7320 6c69 6b65 OS services like\n-0000ae80: 0a20 2020 2020 4150 4d20 6f72 2045 4444 . APM or EDD\n-0000ae90: 2061 7265 6e27 7420 6176 6169 6c61 626c aren't availabl\n-0000aea0: 6520 7769 7468 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f74 e with this prot\n-0000aeb0: 6f63 6f6c 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6973 2063 ocol. In this c\n-0000aec0: 6173 6520 796f 750a 2020 2020 206e 6565 ase you. nee\n-0000aed0: 6420 746f 2075 7365 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 d to use ...linu\n-0000aee0: 7831 36e2 8099 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 x16..... \n-0000aef0: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6c69 6e75 7831 3620 grub> linux16 \n-0000af00: 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a 2072 6f6f 743d 2f64 /vmlinuz root=/d\n-0000af10: 6576 2f73 6461 3120 6163 7069 3d6f 6666 ev/sda1 acpi=off\n-0000af20: 0a0a 2020 332e 2049 6620 796f 7520 7573 .. 3. If you us\n-0000af30: 6520 616e 2069 6e69 7472 642c 2065 7865 e an initrd, exe\n-0000af40: 6375 7465 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 cute the command\n-0000af50: 20e2 8098 696e 6974 7264 e280 9920 282a ...initrd... (*\n-0000af60: 6e6f 7465 2069 6e69 7472 643a 3a29 0a20 note initrd::). \n-0000af70: 2020 2020 6166 7465 7220 e280 986c 696e after ...lin\n-0000af80: 7578 e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ux...:.. \n-0000af90: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 696e 6974 7264 202f grub> initrd /\n-0000afa0: 696e 6974 7264 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 initrd.. If \n-0000afb0: 796f 7520 7573 6564 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 you used ...linu\n-0000afc0: 7831 36e2 8099 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 x16... you need \n-0000afd0: 746f 2075 7365 20e2 8098 696e 6974 7264 to use ...initrd\n-0000afe0: 3136 e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 16...:.. \n-0000aff0: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 696e 6974 7264 3136 grub> initrd16\n-0000b000: 202f 696e 6974 7264 0a0a 2020 342e 2046 /initrd.. 4. F\n-0000b010: 696e 616c 6c79 2c20 7275 6e20 7468 6520 inally, run the \n-0000b020: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 command ...boot.\n-0000b030: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 626f 6f74 3a3a .. (*note boot::\n-0000b040: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ).....File: grub\n-0000b050: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4e65 .info, Node: Ne\n-0000b060: 7442 5344 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2044 4f53 tBSD, Next: DOS\n-0000b070: 2f57 696e 646f 7773 2c20 2050 7265 763a /Windows, Prev:\n-0000b080: 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 2c20 2055 703a GNU/Linux, Up:\n-0000b090: 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 OS-specific not\n-0000b0a0: 6573 0a0a 352e 342e 3320 4e65 7442 5344 es..5.4.3 NetBSD\n-0000b0b0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a42 .------------..B\n-0000b0c0: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2061 204e 6574 4253 4420 ooting a NetBSD \n-0000b0d0: 6b65 726e 656c 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 kernel from GRUB\n-0000b0e0: 2069 7320 616c 736f 2072 656c 6174 6976 is also relativ\n-0000b0f0: 656c 7920 6561 7379 3a20 6669 7273 7420 ely easy: first \n-0000b100: 7365 740a 4752 5542 2773 2072 6f6f 7420 set.GRUB's root \n-0000b110: 6465 7669 6365 2c20 7468 656e 206c 6f61 device, then loa\n-0000b120: 6420 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2061 6e64 d the kernel and\n-0000b130: 2074 6865 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2c20 616e the modules, an\n-0000b140: 6420 6669 6e61 6c6c 790a 7275 6e20 e280 d finally.run ..\n-0000b150: 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2031 2e20 .boot...... 1. \n-0000b160: 5365 7420 4752 5542 2773 2072 6f6f 7420 Set GRUB's root \n-0000b170: 6465 7669 6365 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7061 device to the pa\n-0000b180: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 686f 6c64 696e 6720 rtition holding \n-0000b190: 7468 6520 4e65 7442 5344 2072 6f6f 740a the NetBSD root.\n-0000b1a0: 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d file system\n-0000b1b0: 2e20 2046 6f72 2061 2064 6973 6b20 7769 . For a disk wi\n-0000b1c0: 7468 2061 204e 6574 4253 4420 6469 736b th a NetBSD disk\n-0000b1d0: 206c 6162 656c 2c20 7468 6973 2069 7320 label, this is \n-0000b1e0: 7573 7561 6c6c 790a 2020 2020 2074 6865 usually. the\n-0000b1f0: 2066 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e first partition\n-0000b200: 2028 613a 292e 2020 496e 2074 6861 7420 (a:). In that \n-0000b210: 6361 7365 2c20 616e 6420 6173 7375 6d69 case, and assumi\n-0000b220: 6e67 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a 2020 2020 ng that the. \n-0000b230: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6f6e partition is on\n-0000b240: 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2068 6172 6420 the first hard \n-0000b250: 6469 736b 2c20 7365 7420 4752 5542 2773 disk, set GRUB's\n-0000b260: 2072 6f6f 7420 6465 7669 6365 2061 730a root device as.\n-0000b270: 2020 2020 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7773 3a0a 0a20 follows:.. \n-0000b280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e 2069 grub> i\n-0000b290: 6e73 6d6f 6420 7061 7274 5f62 7364 0a20 nsmod part_bsd. \n-0000b2a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e 2073 grub> s\n-0000b2b0: 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 6430 2c6e 6574 et root=(hd0,net\n-0000b2c0: 6273 6431 290a 0a20 2020 2020 466f 7220 bsd1).. For \n-0000b2d0: 6120 6469 736b 2077 6974 6820 6120 4755 a disk with a GU\n-0000b2e0: 4944 2050 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2054 6162 ID Partition Tab\n-0000b2f0: 6c65 2028 4750 5429 2c20 616e 6420 6173 le (GPT), and as\n-0000b300: 7375 6d69 6e67 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a suming that the.\n-0000b310: 2020 2020 204e 6574 4253 4420 726f 6f74 NetBSD root\n-0000b320: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7468 partition is th\n-0000b330: 6520 7468 6972 6420 4750 5420 7061 7274 e third GPT part\n-0000b340: 6974 696f 6e2c 2064 6f20 7468 6973 3a0a ition, do this:.\n-0000b350: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e . grub>\n-0000b360: 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 7061 7274 5f67 7074 insmod part_gpt\n-0000b370: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e . grub>\n-0000b380: 2073 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 6430 2c67 set root=(hd0,g\n-0000b390: 7074 3329 0a0a 2020 322e 204c 6f61 6420 pt3).. 2. Load \n-0000b3a0: 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2075 7369 6e67 the kernel using\n-0000b3b0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 the command ...\n-0000b3c0: 6b6e 6574 6273 64e2 8099 3a0a 0a20 2020 knetbsd...:.. \n-0000b3d0: 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e 206b 6e65 grub> kne\n-0000b3e0: 7462 7364 202f 6e65 7462 7364 0a0a 2020 tbsd /netbsd.. \n-0000b3f0: 2020 2056 6172 696f 7573 206f 7074 696f Various optio\n-0000b400: 6e73 206d 6179 2062 6520 6769 7665 6e20 ns may be given \n-0000b410: 746f 20e2 8098 6b6e 6574 6273 64e2 8099 to ...knetbsd...\n-0000b420: 2e20 2054 6865 7365 206f 7074 696f 6e73 . These options\n-0000b430: 2061 7265 2c20 666f 720a 2020 2020 2074 are, for. t\n-0000b440: 6865 206d 6f73 7420 7061 7274 2c20 7468 he most part, th\n-0000b450: 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 696e 2074 6865 e same as in the\n-0000b460: 204e 6574 4253 4420 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 NetBSD boot loa\n-0000b470: 6465 722e 2020 466f 720a 2020 2020 2069 der. For. i\n-0000b480: 6e73 7461 6e63 652c 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 nstance, to boot\n-0000b490: 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 696e 2073 the system in s\n-0000b4a0: 696e 676c 652d 7573 6572 206d 6f64 6520 ingle-user mode \n-0000b4b0: 616e 6420 7769 7468 2076 6572 626f 7365 and with verbose\n-0000b4c0: 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 7373 6167 6573 2c20 . messages, \n-0000b4d0: 646f 2074 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 do this:.. \n-0000b4e0: 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6b6e 6574 6273 grub> knetbs\n-0000b4f0: 6420 2f6e 6574 6273 6420 2d73 202d 760a d /netbsd -s -v.\n-0000b500: 0a20 2033 2e20 4966 206e 6565 6465 642c . 3. If needed,\n-0000b510: 206c 6f61 6420 6b65 726e 656c 206d 6f64 load kernel mod\n-0000b520: 756c 6573 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 636f ules with the co\n-0000b530: 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6b6e mmand. ...kn\n-0000b540: 6574 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 etbsd_module_elf\n-0000b550: e280 992e 2020 4120 7479 7069 6361 6c20 .... A typical \n-0000b560: 6578 616d 706c 6520 6973 2074 6865 206d example is the m\n-0000b570: 6f64 756c 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 726f odule for the ro\n-0000b580: 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 2073 7973 ot. file sys\n-0000b590: 7465 6d3a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tem:.. \n-0000b5a0: 6772 7562 3e20 6b6e 6574 6273 645f 6d6f grub> knetbsd_mo\n-0000b5b0: 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 202f 7374 616e 642f dule_elf /stand/\n-0000b5c0: 616d 6436 342f 362e 302f 6d6f 6475 6c65 amd64/6.0/module\n-0000b5d0: 732f 6666 732f 6666 732e 6b6d 6f64 0a0a s/ffs/ffs.kmod..\n-0000b5e0: 2020 342e 2046 696e 616c 6c79 2c20 7275 4. Finally, ru\n-0000b5f0: 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 n the command ..\n-0000b600: 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 .boot... (*note \n-0000b610: 626f 6f74 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 boot::).....File\n-0000b620: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-0000b630: 6465 3a20 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 732c de: DOS/Windows,\n-0000b640: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4e65 7442 5344 2c20 Prev: NetBSD, \n-0000b650: 2055 703a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 Up: OS-specific\n-0000b660: 206e 6f74 6573 0a0a 352e 342e 3420 444f notes..5.4.4 DO\n-0000b670: 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d S/Windows.------\n-0000b680: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a47 5255 -----------..GRU\n-0000b690: 4220 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6f6f 7420 444f B cannot boot DO\n-0000b6a0: 5320 6f72 2057 696e 646f 7773 2064 6972 S or Windows dir\n-0000b6b0: 6563 746c 792c 2073 6f20 796f 7520 6d75 ectly, so you mu\n-0000b6c0: 7374 2063 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6420 7468 st chain-load th\n-0000b6d0: 656d 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 4368 6169 6e2d em.(*note Chain-\n-0000b6e0: 6c6f 6164 696e 673a 3a29 2e20 2048 6f77 loading::). How\n-0000b6f0: 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6569 7220 626f 6f74 ever, their boot\n-0000b700: 206c 6f61 6465 7273 2068 6176 6520 736f loaders have so\n-0000b710: 6d65 2063 7269 7469 6361 6c0a 6465 6669 me critical.defi\n-0000b720: 6369 656e 6369 6573 2c20 736f 2069 7420 ciencies, so it \n-0000b730: 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 776f 726b 2074 6f20 may not work to \n-0000b740: 6a75 7374 2063 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6420 just chain-load \n-0000b750: 7468 656d 2e20 2054 6f20 6f76 6572 636f them. To overco\n-0000b760: 6d65 0a74 6865 2070 726f 626c 656d 732c me.the problems,\n-0000b770: 2047 5255 4220 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2079 GRUB provides y\n-0000b780: 6f75 2077 6974 6820 7477 6f20 6865 6c70 ou with two help\n-0000b790: 6572 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 er functions... \n-0000b7a0: 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 696e If you have in\n-0000b7b0: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 444f 5320 286f 7220 stalled DOS (or \n-0000b7c0: 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 206f 6e20 6120 6e6f Windows) on a no\n-0000b7d0: 6e2d 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 n-first hard dis\n-0000b7e0: 6b2c 2079 6f75 0a68 6176 6520 746f 2075 k, you.have to u\n-0000b7f0: 7365 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b20 7377 6170 se the disk swap\n-0000b800: 7069 6e67 2074 6563 686e 6971 7565 2c20 ping technique, \n-0000b810: 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 6174 204f 5320 because that OS \n-0000b820: 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6f6f 740a 6672 6f6d cannot boot.from\n-0000b830: 2061 6e79 2064 6973 6b73 2062 7574 2074 any disks but t\n-0000b840: 6865 2066 6972 7374 206f 6e65 2e20 2054 he first one. T\n-0000b850: 6865 2077 6f72 6b61 726f 756e 6420 7573 he workaround us\n-0000b860: 6564 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2069 7320 7468 ed in GRUB is th\n-0000b870: 650a 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9864 7269 e.command ...dri\n-0000b880: 7665 6d61 70e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 vemap... (*note \n-0000b890: 6472 6976 656d 6170 3a3a 292c 206c 696b drivemap::), lik\n-0000b8a0: 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6472 e this:.. dr\n-0000b8b0: 6976 656d 6170 202d 7320 2868 6430 2920 ivemap -s (hd0) \n-0000b8c0: 2868 6431 290a 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2070 (hd1).. This p\n-0000b8d0: 6572 666f 726d 7320 6120 e280 9c76 6972 erforms a ...vir\n-0000b8e0: 7475 616c e280 9d20 7377 6170 2062 6574 tual... swap bet\n-0000b8f0: 7765 656e 2079 6f75 7220 6669 7273 7420 ween your first \n-0000b900: 616e 6420 7365 636f 6e64 2068 6172 640a and second hard.\n-0000b910: 6472 6976 652e 0a0a 2020 202a 4361 7574 drive... *Caut\n-0000b920: 696f 6e3a 2a20 5468 6973 2069 7320 6566 ion:* This is ef\n-0000b930: 6665 6374 6976 6520 6f6e 6c79 2069 6620 fective only if \n-0000b940: 444f 5320 286f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 DOS (or Windows)\n-0000b950: 2075 7365 7320 4249 4f53 2074 6f0a 6163 uses BIOS to.ac\n-0000b960: 6365 7373 2074 6865 2073 7761 7070 6564 cess the swapped\n-0000b970: 2064 6973 6b73 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6174 disks. If that\n-0000b980: 204f 5320 7573 6573 2061 2073 7065 6369 OS uses a speci\n-0000b990: 616c 2064 7269 7665 7220 666f 7220 7468 al driver for th\n-0000b9a0: 650a 6469 736b 732c 2074 6869 7320 7072 e.disks, this pr\n-0000b9b0: 6f62 6162 6c79 2077 6f6e 2774 2077 6f72 obably won't wor\n-0000b9c0: 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2041 6e6f 7468 6572 2070 k... Another p\n-0000b9d0: 726f 626c 656d 2061 7269 7365 7320 6966 roblem arises if\n-0000b9e0: 2079 6f75 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 206d you installed m\n-0000b9f0: 6f72 6520 7468 616e 206f 6e65 2073 6574 ore than one set\n-0000ba00: 206f 660a 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 7320 of.DOS/Windows \n-0000ba10: 6f6e 746f 206f 6e65 2064 6973 6b2c 2062 onto one disk, b\n-0000ba20: 6563 6175 7365 2074 6865 7920 636f 756c ecause they coul\n-0000ba30: 6420 6265 2063 6f6e 6675 7365 6420 6966 d be confused if\n-0000ba40: 2074 6865 7265 2061 7265 0a6d 6f72 6520 there are.more \n-0000ba50: 7468 616e 206f 6e65 2070 7269 6d61 7279 than one primary\n-0000ba60: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 666f 7220 partitions for \n-0000ba70: 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 732e 2020 4365 DOS/Windows. Ce\n-0000ba80: 7274 6169 6e6c 7920 796f 7520 7368 6f75 rtainly you shou\n-0000ba90: 6c64 0a61 766f 6964 2064 6f69 6e67 2074 ld.avoid doing t\n-0000baa0: 6869 732c 2062 7574 2074 6865 7265 2069 his, but there i\n-0000bab0: 7320 6120 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 2069 6620 s a solution if \n-0000bac0: 796f 7520 646f 2077 616e 7420 746f 2064 you do want to d\n-0000bad0: 6f20 736f 2e20 2055 7365 0a74 6865 2070 o so. Use.the p\n-0000bae0: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2068 6964 696e 672f artition hiding/\n-0000baf0: 756e 6869 6469 6e67 2074 6563 686e 6971 unhiding techniq\n-0000bb00: 7565 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2047 5255 4220 ue... If GRUB \n-0000bb10: e280 9c68 6964 6573 e280 9d20 6120 444f ...hides... a DO\n-0000bb20: 5320 286f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 2070 S (or Windows) p\n-0000bb30: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 artition (*note \n-0000bb40: 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 3a3a 292c 2044 4f53 parttool::), DOS\n-0000bb50: 0a28 6f72 2057 696e 646f 7773 2920 7769 .(or Windows) wi\n-0000bb60: 6c6c 2069 676e 6f72 6520 7468 6520 7061 ll ignore the pa\n-0000bb70: 7274 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 4966 2047 5255 rtition. If GRU\n-0000bb80: 4220 e280 9c75 6e68 6964 6573 e280 9d20 B ...unhides... \n-0000bb90: 6120 444f 5320 286f 720a 5769 6e64 6f77 a DOS (or.Window\n-0000bba0: 7329 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 444f s) partition, DO\n-0000bbb0: 5320 286f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 2077 S (or Windows) w\n-0000bbc0: 696c 6c20 6465 7465 6374 2074 6865 2070 ill detect the p\n-0000bbd0: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e20 2054 6875 732c artition. Thus,\n-0000bbe0: 0a69 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 2069 6e73 .if you have ins\n-0000bbf0: 7461 6c6c 6564 2044 4f53 2028 6f72 2057 talled DOS (or W\n-0000bc00: 696e 646f 7773 2920 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 indows) on the f\n-0000bc10: 6972 7374 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2073 6563 irst and the sec\n-0000bc20: 6f6e 640a 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 ond.partition of\n-0000bc30: 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2068 6172 6420 the first hard \n-0000bc40: 6469 736b 2c20 616e 6420 796f 7520 7761 disk, and you wa\n-0000bc50: 6e74 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2063 nt to boot the c\n-0000bc60: 6f70 7920 6f6e 2074 6865 0a66 6972 7374 opy on the.first\n-0000bc70: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 646f 2074 partition, do t\n-0000bc80: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 3a0a 0a20 he following:.. \n-0000bc90: 2020 2020 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2028 6864 parttool (hd\n-0000bca0: 302c 3129 2068 6964 6465 6e2d 0a20 2020 0,1) hidden-. \n-0000bcb0: 2020 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2028 6864 302c parttool (hd0,\n-0000bcc0: 3229 2068 6964 6465 6e2b 0a20 2020 2020 2) hidden+. \n-0000bcd0: 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 6864 302c 3129 set root=(hd0,1)\n-0000bce0: 0a20 2020 2020 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 . chainloade\n-0000bcf0: 7220 2b31 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7274 746f r +1. partto\n-0000bd00: 6f6c 2024 7b72 6f6f 747d 2062 6f6f 742b ol ${root} boot+\n-0000bd10: 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 0a0a 1f0a 4669 . boot....Fi\n-0000bd20: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-0000bd30: 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 Node: Configurat\n-0000bd40: 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5468 656d ion, Next: Them\n-0000bd50: 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 742c 2020 e file format, \n-0000bd60: 5072 6576 3a20 426f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 Prev: Booting, \n-0000bd70: 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a36 2057 7269 7469 Up: Top..6 Writi\n-0000bd80: 6e67 2079 6f75 7220 6f77 6e20 636f 6e66 ng your own conf\n-0000bd90: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 0a2a iguration file.*\n-0000bda0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+0000aa40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2724 2874 6173 '$(tas\n+0000aa50: 6b2d 6372 6561 7465 2927 2027 2428 7461 k-create)' '$(ta\n+0000aa60: 736b 2d72 6573 756d 6529 270a 2020 2020 sk-resume)'. \n+0000aa70: 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6d6f 6475 grub> modu\n+0000aa80: 6c65 202f 6c69 622f 6c64 2e73 6f2e 3120 le /lib/ld.so.1 \n+0000aa90: 6578 6563 202f 6875 7264 2f65 7865 6320 exec /hurd/exec \n+0000aaa0: 2724 2865 7865 632d 7461 736b 3d74 6173 '$(exec-task=tas\n+0000aab0: 6b2d 6372 6561 7465 2927 0a0a 2020 332e k-create)'.. 3.\n+0000aac0: 2046 696e 616c 6c79 2c20 7275 6e20 7468 Finally, run th\n+0000aad0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9862 6f6f e command ...boo\n+0000aae0: 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 626f 6f74 t... (*note boot\n+0000aaf0: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ::).....File: gr\n+0000ab00: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+0000ab10: 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 782c 2020 4e65 7874 GNU/Linux, Next\n+0000ab20: 3a20 4e65 7442 5344 2c20 2050 7265 763a : NetBSD, Prev:\n+0000ab30: 2047 4e55 2f48 7572 642c 2020 5570 3a20 GNU/Hurd, Up: \n+0000ab40: 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6e6f 7465 OS-specific note\n+0000ab50: 730a 0a35 2e34 2e32 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e s..5.4.2 GNU/Lin\n+0000ab60: 7578 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ux.-------------\n+0000ab70: 2d2d 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 7265 6c61 7469 --..It is relati\n+0000ab80: 7665 6c79 2065 6173 7920 746f 2062 6f6f vely easy to boo\n+0000ab90: 7420 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 6672 6f6d t GNU/Linux from\n+0000aba0: 2047 5255 422c 2062 6563 6175 7365 2069 GRUB, because i\n+0000abb0: 7420 736f 6d65 7768 6174 0a72 6573 656d t somewhat.resem\n+0000abc0: 626c 6573 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2061 204d bles to boot a M\n+0000abd0: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2d63 6f6d 706c 6961 ultiboot-complia\n+0000abe0: 6e74 204f 532e 0a0a 2020 312e 2053 6574 nt OS... 1. Set\n+0000abf0: 2047 5255 4227 7320 726f 6f74 2064 6576 GRUB's root dev\n+0000ac00: 6963 6520 746f 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 ice to the same \n+0000ac10: 6472 6976 6520 6173 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e drive as GNU/Lin\n+0000ac20: 7578 2773 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ux's. The. \n+0000ac30: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9873 6561 7263 command ...searc\n+0000ac40: 6820 2d2d 7365 743d 726f 6f74 202d 2d66 h --set=root --f\n+0000ac50: 696c 6520 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a e280 9920 ile /vmlinuz... \n+0000ac60: 6f72 2073 696d 696c 6172 206d 6179 2068 or similar may h\n+0000ac70: 656c 7020 796f 750a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e elp you. (*n\n+0000ac80: 6f74 6520 7365 6172 6368 3a3a 292e 0a0a ote search::)...\n+0000ac90: 2020 322e 204c 6f61 6420 7468 6520 6b65 2. Load the ke\n+0000aca0: 726e 656c 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2063 rnel using the c\n+0000acb0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 78e2 ommand ...linux.\n+0000acc0: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 6e75 783a .. (*note linux:\n+0000acd0: 3a29 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 :):.. g\n+0000ace0: 7275 623e 206c 696e 7578 202f 766d 6c69 rub> linux /vmli\n+0000acf0: 6e75 7a20 726f 6f74 3d2f 6465 762f 7364 nuz root=/dev/sd\n+0000ad00: 6131 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 a1.. If you \n+0000ad10: 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 need to specify \n+0000ad20: 736f 6d65 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 7061 7261 some kernel para\n+0000ad30: 6d65 7465 7273 2c20 6a75 7374 2061 7070 meters, just app\n+0000ad40: 656e 6420 7468 656d 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 end them to. \n+0000ad50: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e20 2046 the command. F\n+0000ad60: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 746f 2073 or example, to s\n+0000ad70: 6574 20e2 8098 6163 7069 e280 9920 746f et ...acpi... to\n+0000ad80: 20e2 8098 6f66 66e2 8099 2c20 646f 2074 ...off..., do t\n+0000ad90: 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 his:.. \n+0000ada0: 6772 7562 3e20 6c69 6e75 7820 2f76 6d6c grub> linux /vml\n+0000adb0: 696e 757a 2072 6f6f 743d 2f64 6576 2f73 inuz root=/dev/s\n+0000adc0: 6461 3120 6163 7069 3d6f 6666 0a0a 2020 da1 acpi=off.. \n+0000add0: 2020 2053 6565 2074 6865 2064 6f63 756d See the docum\n+0000ade0: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2069 6e20 7468 6520 entation in the \n+0000adf0: 4c69 6e75 7820 736f 7572 6365 2074 7265 Linux source tre\n+0000ae00: 6520 666f 7220 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 0a20 e for complete. \n+0000ae10: 2020 2020 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 information \n+0000ae20: 6f6e 2074 6865 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 on the available\n+0000ae30: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 options... \n+0000ae40: 5769 7468 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 78e2 8099 With ...linux...\n+0000ae50: 2047 5255 4220 7573 6573 2033 322d 6269 GRUB uses 32-bi\n+0000ae60: 7420 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2e20 2053 6f6d t protocol. Som\n+0000ae70: 6520 4249 4f53 2073 6572 7669 6365 7320 e BIOS services \n+0000ae80: 6c69 6b65 0a20 2020 2020 4150 4d20 6f72 like. APM or\n+0000ae90: 2045 4444 2061 7265 6e27 7420 6176 6169 EDD aren't avai\n+0000aea0: 6c61 626c 6520 7769 7468 2074 6869 7320 lable with this \n+0000aeb0: 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 protocol. In th\n+0000aec0: 6973 2063 6173 6520 796f 750a 2020 2020 is case you. \n+0000aed0: 206e 6565 6420 746f 2075 7365 20e2 8098 need to use ...\n+0000aee0: 6c69 6e75 7831 36e2 8099 0a0a 2020 2020 linux16..... \n+0000aef0: 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6c69 6e75 grub> linu\n+0000af00: 7831 3620 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a 2072 6f6f x16 /vmlinuz roo\n+0000af10: 743d 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 3120 6163 7069 t=/dev/sda1 acpi\n+0000af20: 3d6f 6666 0a0a 2020 332e 2049 6620 796f =off.. 3. If yo\n+0000af30: 7520 7573 6520 616e 2069 6e69 7472 642c u use an initrd,\n+0000af40: 2065 7865 6375 7465 2074 6865 2063 6f6d execute the com\n+0000af50: 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 696e 6974 7264 e280 mand ...initrd..\n+0000af60: 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2069 6e69 7472 643a . (*note initrd:\n+0000af70: 3a29 0a20 2020 2020 6166 7465 7220 e280 :). after ..\n+0000af80: 986c 696e 7578 e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 .linux...:.. \n+0000af90: 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 696e 6974 grub> init\n+0000afa0: 7264 202f 696e 6974 7264 0a0a 2020 2020 rd /initrd.. \n+0000afb0: 2049 6620 796f 7520 7573 6564 20e2 8098 If you used ...\n+0000afc0: 6c69 6e75 7831 36e2 8099 2079 6f75 206e linux16... you n\n+0000afd0: 6565 6420 746f 2075 7365 20e2 8098 696e eed to use ...in\n+0000afe0: 6974 7264 3136 e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 itrd16...:.. \n+0000aff0: 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 696e 6974 grub> init\n+0000b000: 7264 3136 202f 696e 6974 7264 0a0a 2020 rd16 /initrd.. \n+0000b010: 342e 2046 696e 616c 6c79 2c20 7275 6e20 4. Finally, run \n+0000b020: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9862 the command ...b\n+0000b030: 6f6f 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 626f oot... (*note bo\n+0000b040: 6f74 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ot::).....File: \n+0000b050: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+0000b060: 3a20 4e65 7442 5344 2c20 204e 6578 743a : NetBSD, Next:\n+0000b070: 2044 4f53 2f57 696e 646f 7773 2c20 2050 DOS/Windows, P\n+0000b080: 7265 763a 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 2c20 rev: GNU/Linux, \n+0000b090: 2055 703a 204f 532d 7370 6563 6966 6963 Up: OS-specific\n+0000b0a0: 206e 6f74 6573 0a0a 352e 342e 3320 4e65 notes..5.4.3 Ne\n+0000b0b0: 7442 5344 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tBSD.-----------\n+0000b0c0: 2d0a 0a42 6f6f 7469 6e67 2061 204e 6574 -..Booting a Net\n+0000b0d0: 4253 4420 6b65 726e 656c 2066 726f 6d20 BSD kernel from \n+0000b0e0: 4752 5542 2069 7320 616c 736f 2072 656c GRUB is also rel\n+0000b0f0: 6174 6976 656c 7920 6561 7379 3a20 6669 atively easy: fi\n+0000b100: 7273 7420 7365 740a 4752 5542 2773 2072 rst set.GRUB's r\n+0000b110: 6f6f 7420 6465 7669 6365 2c20 7468 656e oot device, then\n+0000b120: 206c 6f61 6420 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c load the kernel\n+0000b130: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 206d 6f64 756c 6573 and the modules\n+0000b140: 2c20 616e 6420 6669 6e61 6c6c 790a 7275 , and finally.ru\n+0000b150: 6e20 e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 n ...boot...... \n+0000b160: 2031 2e20 5365 7420 4752 5542 2773 2072 1. Set GRUB's r\n+0000b170: 6f6f 7420 6465 7669 6365 2074 6f20 7468 oot device to th\n+0000b180: 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 686f 6c64 e partition hold\n+0000b190: 696e 6720 7468 6520 4e65 7442 5344 2072 ing the NetBSD r\n+0000b1a0: 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 7379 oot. file sy\n+0000b1b0: 7374 656d 2e20 2046 6f72 2061 2064 6973 stem. For a dis\n+0000b1c0: 6b20 7769 7468 2061 204e 6574 4253 4420 k with a NetBSD \n+0000b1d0: 6469 736b 206c 6162 656c 2c20 7468 6973 disk label, this\n+0000b1e0: 2069 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 790a 2020 2020 is usually. \n+0000b1f0: 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 the first parti\n+0000b200: 7469 6f6e 2028 613a 292e 2020 496e 2074 tion (a:). In t\n+0000b210: 6861 7420 6361 7365 2c20 616e 6420 6173 hat case, and as\n+0000b220: 7375 6d69 6e67 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a suming that the.\n+0000b230: 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2069 partition i\n+0000b240: 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2068 s on the first h\n+0000b250: 6172 6420 6469 736b 2c20 7365 7420 4752 ard disk, set GR\n+0000b260: 5542 2773 2072 6f6f 7420 6465 7669 6365 UB's root device\n+0000b270: 2061 730a 2020 2020 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7773 as. follows\n+0000b280: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 :.. gru\n+0000b290: 623e 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 7061 7274 5f62 b> insmod part_b\n+0000b2a0: 7364 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 sd. gru\n+0000b2b0: 623e 2073 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 6430 b> set root=(hd0\n+0000b2c0: 2c6e 6574 6273 6431 290a 0a20 2020 2020 ,netbsd1).. \n+0000b2d0: 466f 7220 6120 6469 736b 2077 6974 6820 For a disk with \n+0000b2e0: 6120 4755 4944 2050 6172 7469 7469 6f6e a GUID Partition\n+0000b2f0: 2054 6162 6c65 2028 4750 5429 2c20 616e Table (GPT), an\n+0000b300: 6420 6173 7375 6d69 6e67 2074 6861 7420 d assuming that \n+0000b310: 7468 650a 2020 2020 204e 6574 4253 4420 the. NetBSD \n+0000b320: 726f 6f74 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2069 root partition i\n+0000b330: 7320 7468 6520 7468 6972 6420 4750 5420 s the third GPT \n+0000b340: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e2c 2064 6f20 7468 partition, do th\n+0000b350: 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 is:.. g\n+0000b360: 7275 623e 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 7061 7274 rub> insmod part\n+0000b370: 5f67 7074 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 _gpt. g\n+0000b380: 7275 623e 2073 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 rub> set root=(h\n+0000b390: 6430 2c67 7074 3329 0a0a 2020 322e 204c d0,gpt3).. 2. L\n+0000b3a0: 6f61 6420 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2075 oad the kernel u\n+0000b3b0: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 sing the command\n+0000b3c0: 20e2 8098 6b6e 6574 6273 64e2 8099 3a0a ...knetbsd...:.\n+0000b3d0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7275 623e . grub>\n+0000b3e0: 206b 6e65 7462 7364 202f 6e65 7462 7364 knetbsd /netbsd\n+0000b3f0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2056 6172 696f 7573 206f .. Various o\n+0000b400: 7074 696f 6e73 206d 6179 2062 6520 6769 ptions may be gi\n+0000b410: 7665 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 6b6e 6574 6273 ven to ...knetbs\n+0000b420: 64e2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 7365 206f 7074 d.... These opt\n+0000b430: 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2c20 666f 720a 2020 ions are, for. \n+0000b440: 2020 2074 6865 206d 6f73 7420 7061 7274 the most part\n+0000b450: 2c20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 696e , the same as in\n+0000b460: 2074 6865 204e 6574 4253 4420 626f 6f74 the NetBSD boot\n+0000b470: 206c 6f61 6465 722e 2020 466f 720a 2020 loader. For. \n+0000b480: 2020 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 652c 2074 6f20 instance, to \n+0000b490: 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 boot the system \n+0000b4a0: 696e 2073 696e 676c 652d 7573 6572 206d in single-user m\n+0000b4b0: 6f64 6520 616e 6420 7769 7468 2076 6572 ode and with ver\n+0000b4c0: 626f 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 7373 6167 bose. messag\n+0000b4d0: 6573 2c20 646f 2074 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 es, do this:.. \n+0000b4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6b6e grub> kn\n+0000b4f0: 6574 6273 6420 2f6e 6574 6273 6420 2d73 etbsd /netbsd -s\n+0000b500: 202d 760a 0a20 2033 2e20 4966 206e 6565 -v.. 3. If nee\n+0000b510: 6465 642c 206c 6f61 6420 6b65 726e 656c ded, load kernel\n+0000b520: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2077 6974 6820 7468 modules with th\n+0000b530: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 2020 20e2 e command. .\n+0000b540: 8098 6b6e 6574 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 ..knetbsd_module\n+0000b550: 5f65 6c66 e280 992e 2020 4120 7479 7069 _elf.... A typi\n+0000b560: 6361 6c20 6578 616d 706c 6520 6973 2074 cal example is t\n+0000b570: 6865 206d 6f64 756c 6520 666f 7220 7468 he module for th\n+0000b580: 6520 726f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 e root. file\n+0000b590: 2073 7973 7465 6d3a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 system:.. \n+0000b5a0: 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6b6e 6574 6273 grub> knetbs\n+0000b5b0: 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 202f 7374 d_module_elf /st\n+0000b5c0: 616e 642f 616d 6436 342f 362e 302f 6d6f and/amd64/6.0/mo\n+0000b5d0: 6475 6c65 732f 6666 732f 6666 732e 6b6d dules/ffs/ffs.km\n+0000b5e0: 6f64 0a0a 2020 342e 2046 696e 616c 6c79 od.. 4. Finally\n+0000b5f0: 2c20 7275 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e , run the comman\n+0000b600: 6420 e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e d ...boot... (*n\n+0000b610: 6f74 6520 626f 6f74 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a ote boot::).....\n+0000b620: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+0000b630: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 444f 532f 5769 6e64 Node: DOS/Wind\n+0000b640: 6f77 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4e65 7442 ows, Prev: NetB\n+0000b650: 5344 2c20 2055 703a 204f 532d 7370 6563 SD, Up: OS-spec\n+0000b660: 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 0a0a 352e 342e ific notes..5.4.\n+0000b670: 3420 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 730a 2d2d 4 DOS/Windows.--\n+0000b680: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+0000b690: 0a47 5255 4220 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6f6f .GRUB cannot boo\n+0000b6a0: 7420 444f 5320 6f72 2057 696e 646f 7773 t DOS or Windows\n+0000b6b0: 2064 6972 6563 746c 792c 2073 6f20 796f directly, so yo\n+0000b6c0: 7520 6d75 7374 2063 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 u must chain-loa\n+0000b6d0: 6420 7468 656d 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 4368 d them.(*note Ch\n+0000b6e0: 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 673a 3a29 2e20 ain-loading::). \n+0000b6f0: 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6569 7220 However, their \n+0000b700: 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7273 2068 6176 boot loaders hav\n+0000b710: 6520 736f 6d65 2063 7269 7469 6361 6c0a e some critical.\n+0000b720: 6465 6669 6369 656e 6369 6573 2c20 736f deficiencies, so\n+0000b730: 2069 7420 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 776f 726b it may not work\n+0000b740: 2074 6f20 6a75 7374 2063 6861 696e 2d6c to just chain-l\n+0000b750: 6f61 6420 7468 656d 2e20 2054 6f20 6f76 oad them. To ov\n+0000b760: 6572 636f 6d65 0a74 6865 2070 726f 626c ercome.the probl\n+0000b770: 656d 732c 2047 5255 4220 7072 6f76 6964 ems, GRUB provid\n+0000b780: 6573 2079 6f75 2077 6974 6820 7477 6f20 es you with two \n+0000b790: 6865 6c70 6572 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e73 helper functions\n+0000b7a0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 ... If you hav\n+0000b7b0: 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 444f 5320 e installed DOS \n+0000b7c0: 286f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 7329 206f 6e20 (or Windows) on \n+0000b7d0: 6120 6e6f 6e2d 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 a non-first hard\n+0000b7e0: 2064 6973 6b2c 2079 6f75 0a68 6176 6520 disk, you.have \n+0000b7f0: 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b20 to use the disk \n+0000b800: 7377 6170 7069 6e67 2074 6563 686e 6971 swapping techniq\n+0000b810: 7565 2c20 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 6174 ue, because that\n+0000b820: 204f 5320 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6f6f 740a OS cannot boot.\n+0000b830: 6672 6f6d 2061 6e79 2064 6973 6b73 2062 from any disks b\n+0000b840: 7574 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 206f 6e65 ut the first one\n+0000b850: 2e20 2054 6865 2077 6f72 6b61 726f 756e . The workaroun\n+0000b860: 6420 7573 6564 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2069 d used in GRUB i\n+0000b870: 7320 7468 650a 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 s the.command ..\n+0000b880: 9864 7269 7665 6d61 70e2 8099 2028 2a6e .drivemap... (*n\n+0000b890: 6f74 6520 6472 6976 656d 6170 3a3a 292c ote drivemap::),\n+0000b8a0: 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 like this:.. \n+0000b8b0: 2020 6472 6976 656d 6170 202d 7320 2868 drivemap -s (h\n+0000b8c0: 6430 2920 2868 6431 290a 0a20 2020 5468 d0) (hd1).. Th\n+0000b8d0: 6973 2070 6572 666f 726d 7320 6120 e280 is performs a ..\n+0000b8e0: 9c76 6972 7475 616c e280 9d20 7377 6170 .virtual... swap\n+0000b8f0: 2062 6574 7765 656e 2079 6f75 7220 6669 between your fi\n+0000b900: 7273 7420 616e 6420 7365 636f 6e64 2068 rst and second h\n+0000b910: 6172 640a 6472 6976 652e 0a0a 2020 202a ard.drive... *\n+0000b920: 4361 7574 696f 6e3a 2a20 5468 6973 2069 Caution:* This i\n+0000b930: 7320 6566 6665 6374 6976 6520 6f6e 6c79 s effective only\n+0000b940: 2069 6620 444f 5320 286f 7220 5769 6e64 if DOS (or Wind\n+0000b950: 6f77 7329 2075 7365 7320 4249 4f53 2074 ows) uses BIOS t\n+0000b960: 6f0a 6163 6365 7373 2074 6865 2073 7761 o.access the swa\n+0000b970: 7070 6564 2064 6973 6b73 2e20 2049 6620 pped disks. If \n+0000b980: 7468 6174 204f 5320 7573 6573 2061 2073 that OS uses a s\n+0000b990: 7065 6369 616c 2064 7269 7665 7220 666f pecial driver fo\n+0000b9a0: 7220 7468 650a 6469 736b 732c 2074 6869 r the.disks, thi\n+0000b9b0: 7320 7072 6f62 6162 6c79 2077 6f6e 2774 s probably won't\n+0000b9c0: 2077 6f72 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2041 6e6f 7468 work... Anoth\n+0000b9d0: 6572 2070 726f 626c 656d 2061 7269 7365 er problem arise\n+0000b9e0: 7320 6966 2079 6f75 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c s if you install\n+0000b9f0: 6564 206d 6f72 6520 7468 616e 206f 6e65 ed more than one\n+0000ba00: 2073 6574 206f 660a 444f 532f 5769 6e64 set of.DOS/Wind\n+0000ba10: 6f77 7320 6f6e 746f 206f 6e65 2064 6973 ows onto one dis\n+0000ba20: 6b2c 2062 6563 6175 7365 2074 6865 7920 k, because they \n+0000ba30: 636f 756c 6420 6265 2063 6f6e 6675 7365 could be confuse\n+0000ba40: 6420 6966 2074 6865 7265 2061 7265 0a6d d if there are.m\n+0000ba50: 6f72 6520 7468 616e 206f 6e65 2070 7269 ore than one pri\n+0000ba60: 6d61 7279 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 mary partitions \n+0000ba70: 666f 7220 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 732e for DOS/Windows.\n+0000ba80: 2020 4365 7274 6169 6e6c 7920 796f 7520 Certainly you \n+0000ba90: 7368 6f75 6c64 0a61 766f 6964 2064 6f69 should.avoid doi\n+0000baa0: 6e67 2074 6869 732c 2062 7574 2074 6865 ng this, but the\n+0000bab0: 7265 2069 7320 6120 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e re is a solution\n+0000bac0: 2069 6620 796f 7520 646f 2077 616e 7420 if you do want \n+0000bad0: 746f 2064 6f20 736f 2e20 2055 7365 0a74 to do so. Use.t\n+0000bae0: 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2068 6964 he partition hid\n+0000baf0: 696e 672f 756e 6869 6469 6e67 2074 6563 ing/unhiding tec\n+0000bb00: 686e 6971 7565 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2047 hnique... If G\n+0000bb10: 5255 4220 e280 9c68 6964 6573 e280 9d20 RUB ...hides... \n+0000bb20: 6120 444f 5320 286f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 a DOS (or Window\n+0000bb30: 7329 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2028 2a6e s) partition (*n\n+0000bb40: 6f74 6520 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 3a3a 292c ote parttool::),\n+0000bb50: 2044 4f53 0a28 6f72 2057 696e 646f 7773 DOS.(or Windows\n+0000bb60: 2920 7769 6c6c 2069 676e 6f72 6520 7468 ) will ignore th\n+0000bb70: 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 4966 e partition. If\n+0000bb80: 2047 5255 4220 e280 9c75 6e68 6964 6573 GRUB ...unhides\n+0000bb90: e280 9d20 6120 444f 5320 286f 720a 5769 ... a DOS (or.Wi\n+0000bba0: 6e64 6f77 7329 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e ndows) partition\n+0000bbb0: 2c20 444f 5320 286f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 , DOS (or Window\n+0000bbc0: 7329 2077 696c 6c20 6465 7465 6374 2074 s) will detect t\n+0000bbd0: 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e20 2054 he partition. T\n+0000bbe0: 6875 732c 0a69 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 hus,.if you have\n+0000bbf0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2044 4f53 2028 installed DOS (\n+0000bc00: 6f72 2057 696e 646f 7773 2920 6f6e 2074 or Windows) on t\n+0000bc10: 6865 2066 6972 7374 2061 6e64 2074 6865 he first and the\n+0000bc20: 2073 6563 6f6e 640a 7061 7274 6974 696f second.partitio\n+0000bc30: 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2068 n of the first h\n+0000bc40: 6172 6420 6469 736b 2c20 616e 6420 796f ard disk, and yo\n+0000bc50: 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2074 u want to boot t\n+0000bc60: 6865 2063 6f70 7920 6f6e 2074 6865 0a66 he copy on the.f\n+0000bc70: 6972 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 irst partition, \n+0000bc80: 646f 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 do the following\n+0000bc90: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7274 746f 6f6c :.. parttool\n+0000bca0: 2028 6864 302c 3129 2068 6964 6465 6e2d (hd0,1) hidden-\n+0000bcb0: 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2028 . parttool (\n+0000bcc0: 6864 302c 3229 2068 6964 6465 6e2b 0a20 hd0,2) hidden+. \n+0000bcd0: 2020 2020 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 6864 set root=(hd\n+0000bce0: 302c 3129 0a20 2020 2020 6368 6169 6e6c 0,1). chainl\n+0000bcf0: 6f61 6465 7220 2b31 0a20 2020 2020 7061 oader +1. pa\n+0000bd00: 7274 746f 6f6c 2024 7b72 6f6f 747d 2062 rttool ${root} b\n+0000bd10: 6f6f 742b 0a20 2020 2020 626f 6f74 0a0a oot+. boot..\n+0000bd20: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0000bd30: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6e66 6967 o, Node: Config\n+0000bd40: 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 uration, Next: \n+0000bd50: 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 Theme file forma\n+0000bd60: 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 426f 6f74 696e t, Prev: Bootin\n+0000bd70: 672c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a36 2057 g, Up: Top..6 W\n+0000bd80: 7269 7469 6e67 2079 6f75 7220 6f77 6e20 riting your own \n+0000bd90: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n+0000bda0: 6c65 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a le.*************\n 0000bdb0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0000bdc0: 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 2069 7320 636f ****..GRUB is co\n-0000bdd0: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 nfigured using .\n-0000bde0: 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 992c 2075 ..grub.cfg..., u\n-0000bdf0: 7375 616c 6c79 206c 6f63 6174 6564 2075 sually located u\n-0000be00: 6e64 6572 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 nder .../boot/gr\n-0000be10: 7562 e280 992e 0a54 6869 7320 6669 6c65 ub.....This file\n-0000be20: 2069 7320 7175 6974 6520 666c 6578 6962 is quite flexib\n-0000be30: 6c65 2c20 6275 7420 6d6f 7374 2075 7365 le, but most use\n-0000be40: 7273 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 6e65 6564 rs will not need\n-0000be50: 2074 6f20 7772 6974 6520 7468 650a 7768 to write the.wh\n-0000be60: 6f6c 6520 7468 696e 6720 6279 2068 616e ole thing by han\n-0000be70: 642e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2053 d...* Menu:..* S\n-0000be80: 696d 706c 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 imple configurat\n-0000be90: 696f 6e3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ion:: \n-0000bea0: 2052 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 2066 6f72 Recommended for\n-0000beb0: 206d 6f73 7420 7573 6572 730a 2a20 526f most users.* Ro\n-0000bec0: 6f74 2049 6465 6e74 6966 6361 7469 6f6e ot Identifcation\n-0000bed0: 2048 6575 7269 7374 6963 733a 3a20 2020 Heuristics:: \n-0000bee0: 5375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f6e 2068 6f77 2074 Summary on how t\n-0000bef0: 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 2073 7973 he root file sys\n-0000bf00: 7465 6d20 6973 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 tem is identifie\n-0000bf10: 642e 0a2a 2053 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 d..* Shell-like \n-0000bf20: 7363 7269 7074 696e 673a 3a20 2020 2020 scripting:: \n-0000bf30: 2020 2020 2020 2046 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 For power\n-0000bf40: 2075 7365 7273 2061 6e64 2064 6576 656c users and devel\n-0000bf50: 6f70 6572 730a 2a20 4d75 6c74 692d 626f opers.* Multi-bo\n-0000bf60: 6f74 206d 616e 7561 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 ot manual config\n-0000bf70: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 466f 7220 6e6f :: For no\n-0000bf80: 6e2d 7374 616e 6461 7264 206d 756c 7469 n-standard multi\n-0000bf90: 2d4f 5320 7363 656e 6172 696f 730a 2a20 -OS scenarios.* \n-0000bfa0: 456d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 Embedded configu\n-0000bfb0: 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ration:: \n-0000bfc0: 2020 456d 6265 6464 696e 6720 6120 636f Embedding a co\n-0000bfd0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n-0000bfe0: 2069 6e74 6f20 4752 5542 0a0a 1f0a 4669 into GRUB....Fi\n-0000bff0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-0000c000: 4e6f 6465 3a20 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e Node: Simple con\n-0000c010: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 figuration, Nex\n-0000c020: 743a 2052 6f6f 7420 4964 656e 7469 6663 t: Root Identifc\n-0000c030: 6174 696f 6e20 4865 7572 6973 7469 6373 ation Heuristics\n-0000c040: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 , Up: Configura\n-0000c050: 7469 6f6e 0a0a 362e 3120 5369 6d70 6c65 tion..6.1 Simple\n-0000c060: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2068 configuration h\n-0000c070: 616e 646c 696e 670a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d andling.========\n+0000bdc0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 2069 ********..GRUB i\n+0000bdd0: 7320 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2075 7369 s configured usi\n+0000bde0: 6e67 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 ng ...grub.cfg..\n+0000bdf0: 992c 2075 7375 616c 6c79 206c 6f63 6174 ., usually locat\n+0000be00: 6564 2075 6e64 6572 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f ed under .../boo\n+0000be10: 742f 6772 7562 e280 992e 0a54 6869 7320 t/grub.....This \n+0000be20: 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7175 6974 6520 666c file is quite fl\n+0000be30: 6578 6962 6c65 2c20 6275 7420 6d6f 7374 exible, but most\n+0000be40: 2075 7365 7273 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 users will not \n+0000be50: 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7772 6974 6520 7468 need to write th\n+0000be60: 650a 7768 6f6c 6520 7468 696e 6720 6279 e.whole thing by\n+0000be70: 2068 616e 642e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a hand...* Menu:.\n+0000be80: 0a2a 2053 696d 706c 6520 636f 6e66 6967 .* Simple config\n+0000be90: 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 uration:: \n+0000bea0: 2020 2020 2052 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 Recommended\n+0000beb0: 2066 6f72 206d 6f73 7420 7573 6572 730a for most users.\n+0000bec0: 2a20 526f 6f74 2049 6465 6e74 6966 6361 * Root Identifca\n+0000bed0: 7469 6f6e 2048 6575 7269 7374 6963 733a tion Heuristics:\n+0000bee0: 3a20 2020 5375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f6e 2068 : Summary on h\n+0000bef0: 6f77 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 ow the root file\n+0000bf00: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6973 2069 6465 6e74 system is ident\n+0000bf10: 6966 6965 642e 0a2a 2053 6865 6c6c 2d6c ified..* Shell-l\n+0000bf20: 696b 6520 7363 7269 7074 696e 673a 3a20 ike scripting:: \n+0000bf30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 6f72 2070 For p\n+0000bf40: 6f77 6572 2075 7365 7273 2061 6e64 2064 ower users and d\n+0000bf50: 6576 656c 6f70 6572 730a 2a20 4d75 6c74 evelopers.* Mult\n+0000bf60: 692d 626f 6f74 206d 616e 7561 6c20 636f i-boot manual co\n+0000bf70: 6e66 6967 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 466f nfig:: Fo\n+0000bf80: 7220 6e6f 6e2d 7374 616e 6461 7264 206d r non-standard m\n+0000bf90: 756c 7469 2d4f 5320 7363 656e 6172 696f ulti-OS scenario\n+0000bfa0: 730a 2a20 456d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f6e s.* Embedded con\n+0000bfb0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2020 2020 figuration:: \n+0000bfc0: 2020 2020 2020 456d 6265 6464 696e 6720 Embedding \n+0000bfd0: 6120 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 a configuration \n+0000bfe0: 6669 6c65 2069 6e74 6f20 4752 5542 0a0a file into GRUB..\n+0000bff0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0000c000: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5369 6d70 6c65 o, Node: Simple\n+0000c010: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 configuration, \n+0000c020: 204e 6578 743a 2052 6f6f 7420 4964 656e Next: Root Iden\n+0000c030: 7469 6663 6174 696f 6e20 4865 7572 6973 tifcation Heuris\n+0000c040: 7469 6373 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 tics, Up: Confi\n+0000c050: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a0a 362e 3120 5369 guration..6.1 Si\n+0000c060: 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 mple configurati\n+0000c070: 6f6e 2068 616e 646c 696e 670a 3d3d 3d3d on handling.====\n 0000c080: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0000c090: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 =========..The p\n-0000c0a0: 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d rogram ...grub-m\n-0000c0b0: 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 kconfig... (*not\n-0000c0c0: 6520 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d e Invoking grub-\n-0000c0d0: 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 3a3a 2920 6765 6e65 mkconfig::) gene\n-0000c0e0: 7261 7465 730a e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 rates....grub.cf\n-0000c0f0: 67e2 8099 2066 696c 6573 2073 7569 7461 g... files suita\n-0000c100: 626c 6520 666f 7220 6d6f 7374 2063 6173 ble for most cas\n-0000c110: 6573 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2073 7569 7461 es. It is suita\n-0000c120: 626c 6520 666f 7220 7573 6520 7768 656e ble for use when\n-0000c130: 0a75 7067 7261 6469 6e67 2061 2064 6973 .upgrading a dis\n-0000c140: 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 2077 tribution, and w\n-0000c150: 696c 6c20 6469 7363 6f76 6572 2061 7661 ill discover ava\n-0000c160: 696c 6162 6c65 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2061 ilable kernels a\n-0000c170: 6e64 0a61 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 6765 nd.attempt to ge\n-0000c180: 6e65 7261 7465 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 nerate menu entr\n-0000c190: 6965 7320 666f 7220 7468 656d 2e0a 0a20 ies for them... \n-0000c1a0: 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 ...grub-mkconf\n-0000c1b0: 6967 e280 9920 646f 6573 2068 6176 6520 ig... does have \n-0000c1c0: 736f 6d65 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 some limitations\n-0000c1d0: 2e20 2057 6869 6c65 2061 6464 696e 6720 . While adding \n-0000c1e0: 6578 7472 610a 6375 7374 6f6d 206d 656e extra.custom men\n-0000c1f0: 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 746f 2074 6865 u entries to the\n-0000c200: 2065 6e64 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 7374 end of the list\n-0000c210: 2063 616e 2062 6520 646f 6e65 2062 7920 can be done by \n-0000c220: 6564 6974 696e 670a e280 982f 6574 632f editing..../etc/\n-0000c230: 6772 7562 2e64 2f34 305f 6375 7374 6f6d grub.d/40_custom\n-0000c240: e280 9920 6f72 2063 7265 6174 696e 6720 ... or creating \n-0000c250: e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6375 .../boot/grub/cu\n-0000c260: 7374 6f6d 2e63 6667 e280 992c 2063 6861 stom.cfg..., cha\n-0000c270: 6e67 696e 670a 7468 6520 6f72 6465 7220 nging.the order \n-0000c280: 6f66 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 of menu entries \n-0000c290: 6f72 2063 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 6569 or changing thei\n-0000c2a0: 7220 7469 746c 6573 206d 6179 2072 6571 r titles may req\n-0000c2b0: 7569 7265 206d 616b 696e 670a 636f 6d70 uire making.comp\n-0000c2c0: 6c65 7820 6368 616e 6765 7320 746f 2073 lex changes to s\n-0000c2d0: 6865 6c6c 2073 6372 6970 7473 2073 746f hell scripts sto\n-0000c2e0: 7265 6420 696e 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f67 red in .../etc/g\n-0000c2f0: 7275 622e 642f e280 992e 2020 5468 6973 rub.d/.... This\n-0000c300: 206d 6179 2062 650a 696d 7072 6f76 6564 may be.improved\n-0000c310: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6675 7475 7265 2e20 in the future. \n-0000c320: 2049 6e20 7468 6520 6d65 616e 7469 6d65 In the meantime\n-0000c330: 2c20 7468 6f73 6520 7768 6f20 6665 656c , those who feel\n-0000c340: 2074 6861 7420 6974 2077 6f75 6c64 0a62 that it would.b\n-0000c350: 6520 6561 7369 6572 2074 6f20 7772 6974 e easier to writ\n-0000c360: 6520 e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 e ...grub.cfg...\n-0000c370: 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 6172 6520 656e directly are en\n-0000c380: 636f 7572 6167 6564 2074 6f20 646f 2073 couraged to do s\n-0000c390: 6f20 282a 6e6f 7465 0a42 6f6f 7469 6e67 o (*note.Booting\n-0000c3a0: 3a3a 2c20 616e 6420 2a6e 6f74 6520 5368 ::, and *note Sh\n-0000c3b0: 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 ell-like scripti\n-0000c3c0: 6e67 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 2074 6f20 6469 ng::), and to di\n-0000c3d0: 7361 626c 6520 616e 7920 7379 7374 656d sable any system\n-0000c3e0: 0a70 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 .provided by the\n-0000c3f0: 6972 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e20 ir distribution \n-0000c400: 746f 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 to automatically\n-0000c410: 2072 756e 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 run ...grub-mkc\n-0000c420: 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 onfig...... Th\n-0000c430: 6520 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f64 e file .../etc/d\n-0000c440: 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 2063 efault/grub... c\n-0000c450: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 7320 7468 6520 6f70 6572 ontrols the oper\n-0000c460: 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 0ae2 8098 6772 7562 ation of....grub\n-0000c470: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2e20 2049 -mkconfig.... I\n-0000c480: 7420 6973 2073 6f75 7263 6564 2062 7920 t is sourced by \n-0000c490: 6120 7368 656c 6c20 7363 7269 7074 2c20 a shell script, \n-0000c4a0: 616e 6420 736f 206d 7573 7420 6265 2076 and so must be v\n-0000c4b0: 616c 6964 0a50 4f53 4958 2073 6865 6c6c alid.POSIX shell\n-0000c4c0: 2069 6e70 7574 3b20 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 input; normally\n-0000c4d0: 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6a75 7374 2062 , it will just b\n-0000c4e0: 6520 6120 7365 7175 656e 6365 206f 6620 e a sequence of \n-0000c4f0: e280 984b 4559 3d76 616c 7565 e280 990a ...KEY=value....\n-0000c500: 6c69 6e65 732c 2062 7574 2069 6620 7468 lines, but if th\n-0000c510: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 e value contains\n-0000c520: 2073 7061 6365 7320 6f72 206f 7468 6572 spaces or other\n-0000c530: 2073 7065 6369 616c 2063 6861 7261 6374 special charact\n-0000c540: 6572 7320 7468 656e 0a69 7420 6d75 7374 ers then.it must\n-0000c550: 2062 6520 7175 6f74 6564 2e20 2046 6f72 be quoted. For\n-0000c560: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 example:.. \n-0000c570: 4752 5542 5f54 4552 4d49 4e41 4c5f 494e GRUB_TERMINAL_IN\n-0000c580: 5055 543d 2263 6f6e 736f 6c65 2073 6572 PUT=\"console ser\n-0000c590: 6961 6c22 0a0a 2020 2056 616c 6964 206b ial\".. Valid k\n-0000c5a0: 6579 7320 696e 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f64 eys in .../etc/d\n-0000c5b0: 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 2061 efault/grub... a\n-0000c5c0: 7265 2061 7320 666f 6c6c 6f77 733a 0a0a re as follows:..\n-0000c5d0: e280 9847 5255 425f 4445 4641 554c 54e2 ...GRUB_DEFAULT.\n-0000c5e0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 ... The defa\n-0000c5f0: 756c 7420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2e20 ult menu entry. \n-0000c600: 2054 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2061 206e This may be a n\n-0000c610: 756d 6265 722c 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 umber, in which \n-0000c620: 6361 7365 2069 740a 2020 2020 2069 6465 case it. ide\n-0000c630: 6e74 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 4e74 6820 ntifies the Nth \n-0000c640: 656e 7472 7920 696e 2074 6865 2067 656e entry in the gen\n-0000c650: 6572 6174 6564 206d 656e 7520 636f 756e erated menu coun\n-0000c660: 7465 6420 6672 6f6d 207a 6572 6f2c 0a20 ted from zero,. \n-0000c670: 2020 2020 6f72 2074 6865 2074 6974 6c65 or the title\n-0000c680: 206f 6620 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 of a menu entry\n-0000c690: 2c20 6f72 2074 6865 2073 7065 6369 616c , or the special\n-0000c6a0: 2073 7472 696e 6720 e280 9873 6176 6564 string ...saved\n-0000c6b0: e280 992e 2020 5573 696e 670a 2020 2020 .... Using. \n-0000c6c0: 2074 6865 2069 6420 6d61 7920 6265 2075 the id may be u\n-0000c6d0: 7365 6675 6c20 6966 2079 6f75 2077 616e seful if you wan\n-0000c6e0: 7420 746f 2073 6574 2061 206d 656e 7520 t to set a menu \n-0000c6f0: 656e 7472 7920 6173 2074 6865 2064 6566 entry as the def\n-0000c700: 6175 6c74 0a20 2020 2020 6576 656e 2074 ault. even t\n-0000c710: 686f 7567 6820 7468 6572 6520 6d61 7920 hough there may \n-0000c720: 6265 2061 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6e75 be a variable nu\n-0000c730: 6d62 6572 206f 6620 656e 7472 6965 7320 mber of entries \n-0000c740: 6265 666f 7265 2069 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 before it... \n-0000c750: 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6966 For example, if\n-0000c760: 2079 6f75 2068 6176 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 you have:.. \n-0000c770: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2027 4578 616d menuentry 'Exam\n-0000c780: 706c 6520 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 6469 ple GNU/Linux di\n-0000c790: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2720 2d2d 636c stribution' --cl\n-0000c7a0: 6173 7320 676e 752d 6c69 6e75 7820 2d2d ass gnu-linux --\n-0000c7b0: 6964 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2d67 6e75 2d6c id example-gnu-l\n-0000c7c0: 696e 7578 207b 0a20 2020 2020 092e 2e2e inux {. ....\n-0000c7d0: 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a 0a20 2020 2020 7468 . }.. th\n-0000c7e0: 656e 2079 6f75 2063 616e 206d 616b 6520 en you can make \n-0000c7f0: 7468 6973 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 this the default\n-0000c800: 2075 7369 6e67 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 using:.. \n-0000c810: 2020 2047 5255 425f 4445 4641 554c 543d GRUB_DEFAULT=\n-0000c820: 6578 616d 706c 652d 676e 752d 6c69 6e75 example-gnu-linu\n-0000c830: 780a 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6576 696f 7573 x.. Previous\n-0000c840: 6c79 2069 7420 7761 7320 646f 6375 6d65 ly it was docume\n-0000c850: 6e74 6564 2074 6865 2077 6179 2074 6f20 nted the way to \n-0000c860: 7573 6520 656e 7472 7920 7469 746c 652e use entry title.\n-0000c870: 2020 5768 696c 650a 2020 2020 2074 6869 While. thi\n-0000c880: 7320 7374 696c 6c20 776f 726b 7320 6974 s still works it\n-0000c890: 2773 206e 6f74 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 's not recommend\n-0000c8a0: 6564 2073 696e 6365 2074 6974 6c65 7320 ed since titles \n-0000c8b0: 6f66 7465 6e20 636f 6e74 6169 6e0a 2020 often contain. \n-0000c8c0: 2020 2075 6e73 7461 626c 6520 6465 7669 unstable devi\n-0000c8d0: 6365 206e 616d 6573 2061 6e64 206d 6179 ce names and may\n-0000c8e0: 2062 6520 7472 616e 736c 6174 6564 0a0a be translated..\n-0000c8f0: 2020 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 7365 7420 If you set \n-0000c900: 7468 6973 2074 6f20 e280 9873 6176 6564 this to ...saved\n-0000c910: e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 6465 ..., then the de\n-0000c920: 6661 756c 7420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 fault menu entry\n-0000c930: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 7468 will be. th\n-0000c940: 6174 2073 6176 6564 2062 7920 e280 9847 at saved by ...G\n-0000c950: 5255 425f 5341 5645 4445 4641 554c 54e2 RUB_SAVEDEFAULT.\n-0000c960: 8099 206f 7220 e280 9867 7275 622d 7365 .. or ...grub-se\n-0000c970: 742d 6465 6661 756c 74e2 8099 2e20 2054 t-default.... T\n-0000c980: 6869 730a 2020 2020 2072 656c 6965 7320 his. relies \n-0000c990: 6f6e 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 on the environme\n-0000c9a0: 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2c20 7768 6963 6820 nt block, which \n-0000c9b0: 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 7661 696c may not be avail\n-0000c9c0: 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 able in all. \n-0000c9d0: 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 7320 282a 6e6f situations (*no\n-0000c9e0: 7465 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 te Environment b\n-0000c9f0: 6c6f 636b 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 lock::)... T\n-0000ca00: 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 e280 he default is ..\n-0000ca10: 9830 e280 992e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f .0.........GRUB_\n-0000ca20: 5341 5645 4445 4641 554c 54e2 8099 0a20 SAVEDEFAULT.... \n-0000ca30: 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 If this opti\n-0000ca40: 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 on is set to ...\n-0000ca50: 7472 7565 e280 992c 2074 6865 6e2c 2077 true..., then, w\n-0000ca60: 6865 6e20 616e 2065 6e74 7279 2069 7320 hen an entry is \n-0000ca70: 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2c0a 2020 2020 2073 selected,. s\n-0000ca80: 6176 6520 6974 2061 7320 6120 6e65 7720 ave it as a new \n-0000ca90: 6465 6661 756c 7420 656e 7472 7920 666f default entry fo\n-0000caa0: 7220 7573 6520 6279 2066 7574 7572 6520 r use by future \n-0000cab0: 7275 6e73 206f 6620 4752 5542 2e20 5468 runs of GRUB. Th\n-0000cac0: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 is. is only \n-0000cad0: 7573 6566 756c 2069 6620 e280 9847 5255 useful if ...GRU\n-0000cae0: 425f 4445 4641 554c 543d 7361 7665 64e2 B_DEFAULT=saved.\n-0000caf0: 8099 3b20 6974 2069 7320 6120 7365 7061 ..; it is a sepa\n-0000cb00: 7261 7465 206f 7074 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 rate option. \n-0000cb10: 2062 6563 6175 7365 20e2 8098 4752 5542 because ...GRUB\n-0000cb20: 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 3d73 6176 6564 e280 _DEFAULT=saved..\n-0000cb30: 9920 6973 2075 7365 6675 6c20 7769 7468 . is useful with\n-0000cb40: 6f75 7420 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e2c out this option,\n-0000cb50: 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6a75 6e63 in. conjunc\n-0000cb60: 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 6820 e280 9867 7275 tion with ...gru\n-0000cb70: 622d 7365 742d 6465 6661 756c 74e2 8099 b-set-default...\n-0000cb80: 2e20 2055 6e73 6574 2062 7920 6465 6661 . Unset by defa\n-0000cb90: 756c 742e 2020 5468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 ult. This. \n-0000cba0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2072 656c 6965 7320 6f6e option relies on\n-0000cbb0: 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 the environment\n-0000cbc0: 2062 6c6f 636b 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6d61 block, which ma\n-0000cbd0: 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 7661 696c 6162 y not be availab\n-0000cbe0: 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2061 6c6c 2073 le. in all s\n-0000cbf0: 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 7320 282a 6e6f 7465 ituations (*note\n-0000cc00: 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f Environment blo\n-0000cc10: 636b 3a3a 292e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f ck::)......GRUB_\n-0000cc20: 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 TIMEOUT.... \n-0000cc30: 426f 6f74 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 Boot the default\n-0000cc40: 2065 6e74 7279 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e79 entry this many\n-0000cc50: 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2061 6674 6572 2074 seconds after t\n-0000cc60: 6865 206d 656e 7520 6973 0a20 2020 2020 he menu is. \n-0000cc70: 6469 7370 6c61 7965 642c 2075 6e6c 6573 displayed, unles\n-0000cc80: 7320 6120 6b65 7920 6973 2070 7265 7373 s a key is press\n-0000cc90: 6564 2e20 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 ed. The default\n-0000cca0: 2069 7320 e280 9835 e280 992e 2020 5365 is ...5.... Se\n-0000ccb0: 7420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9830 e280 t to. ...0..\n-0000ccc0: 9920 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 696d 6d65 6469 . to boot immedi\n-0000ccd0: 6174 656c 7920 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6469 ately without di\n-0000cce0: 7370 6c61 7969 6e67 2074 6865 206d 656e splaying the men\n-0000ccf0: 752c 206f 7220 746f 20e2 8098 2d31 e280 u, or to ...-1..\n-0000cd00: 9920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7761 6974 2069 . to. wait i\n-0000cd10: 6e64 6566 696e 6974 656c 792e 0a0a 2020 ndefinitely... \n-0000cd20: 2020 2049 6620 e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 If ...GRUB_TI\n-0000cd30: 4d45 4f55 545f 5354 594c 45e2 8099 2069 MEOUT_STYLE... i\n-0000cd40: 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 636f 756e s set to ...coun\n-0000cd50: 7464 6f77 6ee2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9868 tdown... or ...h\n-0000cd60: 6964 6465 6ee2 8099 2c20 7468 650a 2020 idden..., the. \n-0000cd70: 2020 2074 696d 656f 7574 2069 7320 696e timeout is in\n-0000cd80: 7374 6561 6420 636f 756e 7465 6420 6265 stead counted be\n-0000cd90: 666f 7265 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 6973 fore the menu is\n-0000cda0: 2064 6973 706c 6179 6564 2e0a 0ae2 8098 displayed......\n-0000cdb0: 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f53 5459 GRUB_TIMEOUT_STY\n-0000cdc0: 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 LE.... If th\n-0000cdd0: 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 2075 6e73 is option is uns\n-0000cde0: 6574 206f 7220 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 et or set to ...\n-0000cdf0: 6d65 6e75 e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 4752 menu..., then GR\n-0000ce00: 5542 2077 696c 6c20 6469 7370 6c61 790a UB will display.\n-0000ce10: 2020 2020 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 616e the menu an\n-0000ce20: 6420 7468 656e 2077 6169 7420 666f 7220 d then wait for \n-0000ce30: 7468 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 7365 7420 the timeout set \n-0000ce40: 6279 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f by ...GRUB_TIMEO\n-0000ce50: 5554 e280 9920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6578 UT... to. ex\n-0000ce60: 7069 7265 2062 6566 6f72 6520 626f 6f74 pire before boot\n-0000ce70: 696e 6720 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 ing the default \n-0000ce80: 656e 7472 792e 2020 5072 6573 7369 6e67 entry. Pressing\n-0000ce90: 2061 206b 6579 2069 6e74 6572 7275 7074 a key interrupt\n-0000cea0: 730a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2074 696d 656f s. the timeo\n-0000ceb0: 7574 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 ut... If thi\n-0000cec0: 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 7420 s option is set \n-0000ced0: 746f 20e2 8098 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6ee2 to ...countdown.\n-0000cee0: 8099 206f 7220 e280 9868 6964 6465 6ee2 .. or ...hidden.\n-0000cef0: 8099 2c20 7468 656e 2c20 6265 666f 7265 .., then, before\n-0000cf00: 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7370 6c61 7969 6e67 . displaying\n-0000cf10: 2074 6865 206d 656e 752c 2047 5255 4220 the menu, GRUB \n-0000cf20: 7769 6c6c 2077 6169 7420 666f 7220 7468 will wait for th\n-0000cf30: 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 7365 7420 6279 e timeout set by\n-0000cf40: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 . ...GRUB_TI\n-0000cf50: 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 2074 6f20 6578 7069 MEOUT... to expi\n-0000cf60: 7265 2e20 2049 6620 3c45 5343 3e20 6f72 re. If or\n-0000cf70: 203c 4634 3e20 6172 6520 7072 6573 7365 are presse\n-0000cf80: 642c 206f 7220 3c53 4849 4654 3e0a 2020 d, or . \n-0000cf90: 2020 2069 7320 6865 6c64 2064 6f77 6e20 is held down \n-0000cfa0: 6475 7269 6e67 2074 6861 7420 7469 6d65 during that time\n-0000cfb0: 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6469 7370 6c61 , it will displa\n-0000cfc0: 7920 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 6e64 2077 y the menu and w\n-0000cfd0: 6169 740a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2069 6e70 ait. for inp\n-0000cfe0: 7574 2e20 2049 6620 6120 686f 746b 6579 ut. If a hotkey\n-0000cff0: 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 6420 7769 7468 associated with\n-0000d000: 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 6973 a menu entry is\n-0000d010: 2070 7265 7373 6564 2c20 6974 0a20 2020 pressed, it. \n-0000d020: 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6f6f 7420 7468 6520 will boot the \n-0000d030: 6173 736f 6369 6174 6564 206d 656e 7520 associated menu \n-0000d040: 656e 7472 7920 696d 6d65 6469 6174 656c entry immediatel\n-0000d050: 792e 2020 4966 2074 6865 2074 696d 656f y. If the timeo\n-0000d060: 7574 0a20 2020 2020 6578 7069 7265 7320 ut. expires \n-0000d070: 6265 666f 7265 2065 6974 6865 7220 6f66 before either of\n-0000d080: 2074 6865 7365 2068 6170 7065 6e73 2c20 these happens, \n-0000d090: 6974 2077 696c 6c20 626f 6f74 2074 6865 it will boot the\n-0000d0a0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 0a20 2020 2020 656e default. en\n-0000d0b0: 7472 792e 2020 496e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 try. In the ...\n-0000d0c0: 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6ee2 8099 2063 6173 countdown... cas\n-0000d0d0: 652c 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2073 686f 7720 e, it will show \n-0000d0e0: 6120 6f6e 652d 6c69 6e65 2069 6e64 6963 a one-line indic\n-0000d0f0: 6174 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 206f 6620 7468 ation. of th\n-0000d100: 6520 7265 6d61 696e 696e 6720 7469 6d65 e remaining time\n-0000d110: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4546 4155 ......GRUB_DEFAU\n-0000d120: 4c54 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 0ae2 8098 LT_BUTTON.......\n-0000d130: 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f42 5554 GRUB_TIMEOUT_BUT\n-0000d140: 544f 4ee2 8099 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 TON.......GRUB_T\n-0000d150: 494d 454f 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 5f42 5554 IMEOUT_STYLE_BUT\n-0000d160: 544f 4ee2 8099 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f42 TON.......GRUB_B\n-0000d170: 5554 544f 4e5f 434d 4f53 5f41 4444 5245 UTTON_CMOS_ADDRE\n-0000d180: 5353 e280 990a 2020 2020 2056 6172 6961 SS.... Varia\n-0000d190: 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f72 7265 nts of the corre\n-0000d1a0: 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 2076 6172 6961 626c sponding variabl\n-0000d1b0: 6573 2077 6974 686f 7574 2074 6865 20e2 es without the .\n-0000d1c0: 8098 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 0a20 2020 .._BUTTON.... \n-0000d1d0: 2020 7375 6666 6978 2c20 7573 6564 2074 suffix, used t\n-0000d1e0: 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7665 6e64 6f72 o support vendor\n-0000d1f0: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 706f 7765 7220 -specific power \n-0000d200: 6275 7474 6f6e 732e 2020 2a4e 6f74 650a buttons. *Note.\n-0000d210: 2020 2020 2056 656e 646f 7220 706f 7765 Vendor powe\n-0000d220: 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 733a 3a2e 0a0a e280 r-on keys::.....\n-0000d230: 9847 5255 425f 4449 5354 5249 4255 544f .GRUB_DISTRIBUTO\n-0000d240: 52e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5365 7420 6279 R.... Set by\n-0000d250: 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 6f72 7320 6f66 distributors of\n-0000d260: 2047 5255 4220 746f 2074 6865 6972 2069 GRUB to their i\n-0000d270: 6465 6e74 6966 7969 6e67 206e 616d 652e dentifying name.\n-0000d280: 2020 5468 6973 2069 730a 2020 2020 2075 This is. u\n-0000d290: 7365 6420 746f 2067 656e 6572 6174 6520 sed to generate \n-0000d2a0: 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 more informative\n-0000d2b0: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 7469 746c menu entry titl\n-0000d2c0: 6573 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 4552 es......GRUB_TER\n-0000d2d0: 4d49 4e41 4c5f 494e 5055 54e2 8099 0a20 MINAL_INPUT.... \n-0000d2e0: 2020 2020 5365 6c65 6374 2074 6865 2074 Select the t\n-0000d2f0: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 696e 7075 7420 6465 erminal input de\n-0000d300: 7669 6365 2e20 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2073 vice. You may s\n-0000d310: 656c 6563 7420 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2064 elect multiple d\n-0000d320: 6576 6963 6573 0a20 2020 2020 6865 7265 evices. here\n-0000d330: 2c20 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2073 , separated by s\n-0000d340: 7061 6365 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2056 616c paces... Val\n-0000d350: 6964 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 696e 7075 id terminal inpu\n-0000d360: 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 6465 7065 6e64 206f t names depend o\n-0000d370: 6e20 7468 6520 706c 6174 666f 726d 2c20 n the platform, \n-0000d380: 6275 7420 6d61 7920 696e 636c 7564 650a but may include.\n-0000d390: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 636f 6e73 6f6c 65e2 ...console.\n-0000d3a0: 8099 2028 6e61 7469 7665 2070 6c61 7466 .. (native platf\n-0000d3b0: 6f72 6d20 636f 6e73 6f6c 6529 2c20 e280 orm console), ..\n-0000d3c0: 9873 6572 6961 6ce2 8099 2028 7365 7269 .serial... (seri\n-0000d3d0: 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c29 2c0a 2020 al terminal),. \n-0000d3e0: 2020 20e2 8098 7365 7269 616c 5f3c 706f ...serial_... (serial t\n-0000d400: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 7468 2065 7870 erminal with exp\n-0000d410: 6c69 6369 7420 706f 7274 2073 656c 6563 licit port selec\n-0000d420: 7469 6f6e 292c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9861 tion),. ...a\n-0000d430: 745f 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 e280 9920 2850 t_keyboard... (P\n-0000d440: 4320 4154 206b 6579 626f 6172 6429 2c20 C AT keyboard), \n-0000d450: 6f72 20e2 8098 7573 625f 6b65 7962 6f61 or ...usb_keyboa\n-0000d460: 7264 e280 9920 2855 5342 206b 6579 626f rd... (USB keybo\n-0000d470: 6172 640a 2020 2020 2075 7369 6e67 2074 ard. using t\n-0000d480: 6865 2048 4944 2042 6f6f 7420 5072 6f74 he HID Boot Prot\n-0000d490: 6f63 6f6c 2c20 666f 7220 6361 7365 7320 ocol, for cases \n-0000d4a0: 7768 6572 6520 7468 6520 6669 726d 7761 where the firmwa\n-0000d4b0: 7265 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 re does not. \n-0000d4c0: 2068 616e 646c 6520 7468 6973 292e 0a0a handle this)...\n-0000d4d0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 The default\n-0000d4e0: 2069 7320 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 2070 is to use the p\n-0000d4f0: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d27 7320 6e61 7469 7665 latform's native\n-0000d500: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 696e 7075 742e terminal input.\n-0000d510: 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 5445 524d 494e .....GRUB_TERMIN\n-0000d520: 414c 5f4f 5554 5055 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 AL_OUTPUT.... \n-0000d530: 2020 5365 6c65 6374 2074 6865 2074 6572 Select the ter\n-0000d540: 6d69 6e61 6c20 6f75 7470 7574 2064 6576 minal output dev\n-0000d550: 6963 652e 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 7365 ice. You may se\n-0000d560: 6c65 6374 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 6465 lect multiple de\n-0000d570: 7669 6365 730a 2020 2020 2068 6572 652c vices. here,\n-0000d580: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 7370 separated by sp\n-0000d590: 6163 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5661 6c69 aces... Vali\n-0000d5a0: 6420 7465 726d 696e 616c 206f 7574 7075 d terminal outpu\n-0000d5b0: 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 6465 7065 6e64 206f t names depend o\n-0000d5c0: 6e20 7468 6520 706c 6174 666f 726d 2c20 n the platform, \n-0000d5d0: 6275 7420 6d61 7920 696e 636c 7564 650a but may include.\n-0000d5e0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 636f 6e73 6f6c 65e2 ...console.\n-0000d5f0: 8099 2028 6e61 7469 7665 2070 6c61 7466 .. (native platf\n-0000d600: 6f72 6d20 636f 6e73 6f6c 6529 2c20 e280 orm console), ..\n-0000d610: 9873 6572 6961 6ce2 8099 2028 7365 7269 .serial... (seri\n-0000d620: 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c29 2c0a 2020 al terminal),. \n-0000d630: 2020 20e2 8098 7365 7269 616c 5f3c 706f ...serial_... (serial t\n-0000d650: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 7468 2065 7870 erminal with exp\n-0000d660: 6c69 6369 7420 706f 7274 2073 656c 6563 licit port selec\n-0000d670: 7469 6f6e 292c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9867 tion),. ...g\n-0000d680: 6678 7465 726d e280 9920 2867 7261 7068 fxterm... (graph\n-0000d690: 6963 732d 6d6f 6465 206f 7574 7075 7429 ics-mode output)\n-0000d6a0: 2c20 e280 9876 6761 5f74 6578 74e2 8099 , ...vga_text...\n-0000d6b0: 2028 5647 4120 7465 7874 206f 7574 7075 (VGA text outpu\n-0000d6c0: 7429 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6d64 615f t),. ...mda_\n-0000d6d0: 7465 7874 e280 9920 284d 4441 2074 6578 text... (MDA tex\n-0000d6e0: 7420 6f75 7470 7574 292c 20e2 8098 6d6f t output), ...mo\n-0000d6f0: 7273 65e2 8099 2028 4d6f 7273 652d 636f rse... (Morse-co\n-0000d700: 6469 6e67 2075 7369 6e67 2073 7973 7465 ding using syste\n-0000d710: 6d0a 2020 2020 2062 6565 7065 7229 206f m. beeper) o\n-0000d720: 7220 e280 9873 706b 6d6f 6465 6de2 8099 r ...spkmodem...\n-0000d730: 2028 7369 6d70 6c65 2064 6174 6120 7072 (simple data pr\n-0000d740: 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2075 7369 6e67 2073 7973 otocol using sys\n-0000d750: 7465 6d20 7370 6561 6b65 7229 2e0a 0a20 tem speaker)... \n-0000d760: 2020 2020 e280 9873 706b 6d6f 6465 6de2 ...spkmodem.\n-0000d770: 8099 2069 7320 7573 6566 756c 2077 6865 .. is useful whe\n-0000d780: 6e20 6e6f 2073 6572 6961 6c20 706f 7274 n no serial port\n-0000d790: 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 is available. \n-0000d7a0: 436f 6e6e 6563 7420 7468 650a 2020 2020 Connect the. \n-0000d7b0: 206f 7574 7075 7420 6f66 2073 656e 6469 output of sendi\n-0000d7c0: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 2877 6865 7265 ng system (where\n-0000d7d0: 2047 5255 4220 6973 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 GRUB is running\n-0000d7e0: 2920 746f 206c 696e 652d 696e 206f 660a ) to line-in of.\n-0000d7f0: 2020 2020 2072 6563 6569 7669 6e67 2073 receiving s\n-0000d800: 7973 7465 6d20 2875 7375 616c 6c79 2064 ystem (usually d\n-0000d810: 6576 656c 6f70 6572 206d 6163 6869 6e65 eveloper machine\n-0000d820: 292e 2020 4f6e 2072 6563 6569 7669 6e67 ). On receiving\n-0000d830: 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d system. com\n-0000d840: 7069 6c65 20e2 8098 7370 6b6d 6f64 656d pile ...spkmodem\n-0000d850: 2d72 6563 76e2 8099 2066 726f 6d20 e280 -recv... from ..\n-0000d860: 9875 7469 6c2f 7370 6b6d 6f64 656d 2d72 .util/spkmodem-r\n-0000d870: 6563 762e 63e2 8099 2061 6e64 2072 756e ecv.c... and run\n-0000d880: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 :.. par\n-0000d890: 6563 6f72 6420 2d2d 6368 616e 6e65 6c73 ecord --channels\n-0000d8a0: 3d31 202d 2d72 6174 653d 3438 3030 3020 =1 --rate=48000 \n-0000d8b0: 2d2d 666f 726d 6174 3d73 3136 6c65 207c --format=s16le |\n-0000d8c0: 202e 2f73 706b 6d6f 6465 6d2d 7265 6376 ./spkmodem-recv\n-0000d8d0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 .. The defau\n-0000d8e0: 6c74 2069 7320 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 lt is to use the\n-0000d8f0: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d27 7320 6e61 7469 platform's nati\n-0000d900: 7665 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6f75 7470 ve terminal outp\n-0000d910: 7574 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 4552 ut......GRUB_TER\n-0000d920: 4d49 4e41 4ce2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4966 MINAL.... If\n-0000d930: 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 this option is \n-0000d940: 7365 742c 2069 7420 6f76 6572 7269 6465 set, it override\n-0000d950: 7320 626f 7468 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 s both ...GRUB_T\n-0000d960: 4552 4d49 4e41 4c5f 494e 5055 54e2 8099 ERMINAL_INPUT...\n-0000d970: 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 and. ...GRU\n-0000d980: 425f 5445 524d 494e 414c 5f4f 5554 5055 B_TERMINAL_OUTPU\n-0000d990: 54e2 8099 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 T... to the same\n-0000d9a0: 2076 616c 7565 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 value......GRUB\n-0000d9b0: 5f53 4552 4941 4c5f 434f 4d4d 414e 44e2 _SERIAL_COMMAND.\n-0000d9c0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4120 636f 6d6d 616e ... A comman\n-0000d9d0: 6420 746f 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 2074 d to configure t\n-0000d9e0: 6865 2073 6572 6961 6c20 706f 7274 2077 he serial port w\n-0000d9f0: 6865 6e20 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 7365 hen using the se\n-0000da00: 7269 616c 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e73 6f6c rial. consol\n-0000da10: 652e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 7365 7269 616c e. *Note serial\n-0000da20: 3a3a 2e20 2044 6566 6175 6c74 7320 746f ::. Defaults to\n-0000da30: 20e2 8098 7365 7269 616c e280 992e 0a0a ...serial......\n-0000da40: e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f ...GRUB_CMDLINE_\n-0000da50: 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 436f LINUX.... Co\n-0000da60: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2061 7267 756d mmand-line argum\n-0000da70: 656e 7473 2074 6f20 6164 6420 746f 206d ents to add to m\n-0000da80: 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 666f 7220 enu entries for \n-0000da90: 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c the Linux kernel\n-0000daa0: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 ......GRUB_CMDLI\n-0000dab0: 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 NE_LINUX_DEFAULT\n-0000dac0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 6e6c 6573 7320 .... Unless \n-0000dad0: e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f ...GRUB_DISABLE_\n-0000dae0: 5245 434f 5645 5259 e280 9920 6973 2073 RECOVERY... is s\n-0000daf0: 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 et to ...true...\n-0000db00: 2c20 7477 6f20 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 , two menu entri\n-0000db10: 6573 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 es. will be \n-0000db20: 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 666f 7220 6561 generated for ea\n-0000db30: 6368 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c3a ch Linux kernel:\n-0000db40: 206f 6e65 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 one default ent\n-0000db50: 7279 2061 6e64 206f 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 ry and one. \n-0000db60: 656e 7472 7920 666f 7220 7265 636f 7665 entry for recove\n-0000db70: 7279 206d 6f64 652e 2020 5468 6973 206f ry mode. This o\n-0000db80: 7074 696f 6e20 6c69 7374 7320 636f 6d6d ption lists comm\n-0000db90: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2061 7267 756d 656e and-line argumen\n-0000dba0: 7473 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2061 6464 206f ts. to add o\n-0000dbb0: 6e6c 7920 746f 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 nly to the defau\n-0000dbc0: 6c74 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 792c 2061 lt menu entry, a\n-0000dbd0: 6674 6572 2074 686f 7365 206c 6973 7465 fter those liste\n-0000dbe0: 6420 696e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 d in. ...GRU\n-0000dbf0: 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 58e2 B_CMDLINE_LINUX.\n-0000dc00: 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 ........GRUB_CMD\n-0000dc10: 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f52 4543 4f56 LINE_LINUX_RECOV\n-0000dc20: 4552 59e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 556e 6c65 ERY.... Unle\n-0000dc30: 7373 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 ss ...GRUB_DISAB\n-0000dc40: 4c45 5f52 4543 4f56 4552 59e2 8099 2069 LE_RECOVERY... i\n-0000dc50: 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 7472 7565 s set to ...true\n-0000dc60: e280 992c 2074 776f 206d 656e 7520 656e ..., two menu en\n-0000dc70: 7472 6965 730a 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 tries. will \n-0000dc80: 6265 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 2066 6f72 be generated for\n-0000dc90: 2065 6163 6820 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e each Linux kern\n-0000dca0: 656c 3a20 6f6e 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 el: one default \n-0000dcb0: 656e 7472 7920 616e 6420 6f6e 650a 2020 entry and one. \n-0000dcc0: 2020 2065 6e74 7279 2066 6f72 2072 6563 entry for rec\n-0000dcd0: 6f76 6572 7920 6d6f 6465 2e20 2054 6869 overy mode. Thi\n-0000dce0: 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 206c 6973 7473 2063 s option lists c\n-0000dcf0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 6172 6775 ommand-line argu\n-0000dd00: 6d65 6e74 730a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 6164 ments. to ad\n-0000dd10: 6420 6f6e 6c79 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7265 d only to the re\n-0000dd20: 636f 7665 7279 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 covery menu entr\n-0000dd30: 792c 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7468 6f73 6520 y, before those \n-0000dd40: 6c69 7374 6564 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 listed in. .\n-0000dd50: 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c ..GRUB_CMDLINE_L\n-0000dd60: 494e 5558 e280 992e 2020 5468 6520 6465 INUX.... The de\n-0000dd70: 6661 756c 7420 6973 20e2 8098 7369 6e67 fault is ...sing\n-0000dd80: 6c65 e280 992e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f le.........GRUB_\n-0000dd90: 434d 444c 494e 455f 4e45 5442 5344 e280 CMDLINE_NETBSD..\n-0000dda0: 990a e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e .....GRUB_CMDLIN\n-0000ddb0: 455f 4e45 5442 5344 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 E_NETBSD_DEFAULT\n-0000ddc0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2041 7320 e280 9847 .... As ...G\n-0000ddd0: 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 RUB_CMDLINE_LINU\n-0000dde0: 58e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 4752 5542 X... and ...GRUB\n-0000ddf0: 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f44 _CMDLINE_LINUX_D\n-0000de00: 4546 4155 4c54 e280 992c 2062 7574 2066 EFAULT..., but f\n-0000de10: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 4e65 7442 5344 2e0a or. NetBSD..\n-0000de20: 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 ....GRUB_CMDLINE\n-0000de30: 5f47 4e55 4d41 4348 e280 990a 2020 2020 _GNUMACH.... \n-0000de40: 2041 7320 e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c As ...GRUB_CMDL\n-0000de50: 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 2c20 6275 INE_LINUX..., bu\n-0000de60: 7420 666f 7220 474e 5520 4d61 6368 2e0a t for GNU Mach..\n-0000de70: 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 ....GRUB_CMDLINE\n-0000de80: 5f58 454e e280 990a e280 9847 5255 425f _XEN.......GRUB_\n-0000de90: 434d 444c 494e 455f 5845 4e5f 4445 4641 CMDLINE_XEN_DEFA\n-0000dea0: 554c 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 ULT.... The \n-0000deb0: 7661 6c75 6573 206f 6620 7468 6573 6520 values of these \n-0000dec0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 7061 7373 options are pass\n-0000ded0: 6564 2074 6f20 5865 6e20 6879 7065 7276 ed to Xen hyperv\n-0000dee0: 6973 6f72 2058 656e 206d 656e 750a 2020 isor Xen menu. \n-0000def0: 2020 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2c20 666f 7220 entries, for \n-0000df00: 616c 6c20 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 all respectively\n-0000df10: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 656e 7472 6965 732e normal entries.\n-0000df20: 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e .....GRUB_CMDLIN\n-0000df30: 455f 4c49 4e55 585f 5845 4e5f 5245 504c E_LINUX_XEN_REPL\n-0000df40: 4143 45e2 8099 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 ACE.......GRUB_C\n-0000df50: 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f58 454e MDLINE_LINUX_XEN\n-0000df60: 5f52 4550 4c41 4345 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 _REPLACE_DEFAULT\n-0000df70: e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2076 616c .... The val\n-0000df80: 7565 7320 6f66 2074 6865 7365 206f 7074 ues of these opt\n-0000df90: 696f 6e73 2072 6570 6c61 6365 2074 6865 ions replace the\n-0000dfa0: 2076 616c 7565 7320 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 values of. \n-0000dfb0: e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f ...GRUB_CMDLINE_\n-0000dfc0: 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 LINUX... and ...\n-0000dfd0: 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e GRUB_CMDLINE_LIN\n-0000dfe0: 5558 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 e280 9920 666f UX_DEFAULT... fo\n-0000dff0: 7220 4c69 6e75 7820 616e 640a 2020 2020 r Linux and. \n-0000e000: 2058 656e 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 Xen menu entrie\n-0000e010: 732e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 544f 505f s......GRUB_TOP_\n-0000e020: 4c45 5645 4ce2 8099 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 LEVEL.......GRUB\n-0000e030: 5f54 4f50 5f4c 4556 454c 5f58 454e e280 _TOP_LEVEL_XEN..\n-0000e040: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 .. This opti\n-0000e050: 6f6e 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 6e20 on should be an \n-0000e060: 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2070 6174 6820 746f absolute path to\n-0000e070: 2061 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 652e a kernel image.\n-0000e080: 2020 4966 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6f76 6964 If. provid\n-0000e090: 6564 2c20 7468 6520 696d 6167 6520 7370 ed, the image sp\n-0000e0a0: 6563 6966 6965 6420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 ecified will be \n-0000e0b0: 6d61 6465 2074 6865 2074 6f70 2d6c 6576 made the top-lev\n-0000e0c0: 656c 2065 6e74 7279 2069 660a 2020 2020 el entry if. \n-0000e0d0: 2069 7420 6973 2066 6f75 6e64 2069 6e20 it is found in \n-0000e0e0: 7468 6520 7363 616e 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 the scan......GR\n-0000e0f0: 5542 5f54 4f50 5f4c 4556 454c 5f4f 535f UB_TOP_LEVEL_OS_\n-0000e100: 5052 4f42 4552 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 PROBER.... T\n-0000e110: 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2073 686f 756c his option shoul\n-0000e120: 6420 6265 2061 206c 696e 6520 6f66 206f d be a line of o\n-0000e130: 7574 7075 7420 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 6f73 utput from ...os\n-0000e140: 2d70 726f 6265 72e2 8099 2e20 2041 730a -prober.... As.\n-0000e150: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 4f50 ...GRUB_TOP\n-0000e160: 5f4c 4556 454c e280 992c 2069 6620 7072 _LEVEL..., if pr\n-0000e170: 6f76 6964 6564 2c20 7468 6520 696d 6167 ovided, the imag\n-0000e180: 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 7769 6c6c e specified will\n-0000e190: 2062 6520 6d61 6465 2074 6865 0a20 2020 be made the. \n-0000e1a0: 2020 746f 702d 6c65 7665 6c20 656e 7472 top-level entr\n-0000e1b0: 7920 6966 2069 7420 6973 2066 6f75 6e64 y if it is found\n-0000e1c0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7363 616e 2e0a 0ae2 in the scan....\n-0000e1d0: 8098 4752 5542 5f45 4152 4c59 5f49 4e49 ..GRUB_EARLY_INI\n-0000e1e0: 5452 445f 4c49 4e55 585f 4355 5354 4f4d TRD_LINUX_CUSTOM\n-0000e1f0: e280 990a e280 9847 5255 425f 4541 524c .......GRUB_EARL\n-0000e200: 595f 494e 4954 5244 5f4c 494e 5558 5f53 Y_INITRD_LINUX_S\n-0000e210: 544f 434b e280 990a 2020 2020 204c 6973 TOCK.... Lis\n-0000e220: 7420 6f66 2073 7061 6365 2d73 6570 6172 t of space-separ\n-0000e230: 6174 6564 2065 6172 6c79 2069 6e69 7472 ated early initr\n-0000e240: 6420 696d 6167 6573 2074 6f20 6265 206c d images to be l\n-0000e250: 6f61 6465 6420 6672 6f6d 0a20 2020 2020 oaded from. \n-0000e260: e280 982f 626f 6f74 e280 992e 2020 5468 .../boot.... Th\n-0000e270: 6973 2069 7320 666f 7220 6c6f 6164 696e is is for loadin\n-0000e280: 6720 7468 696e 6773 206c 696b 6520 4350 g things like CP\n-0000e290: 5520 6d69 6372 6f63 6f64 652c 2066 6972 U microcode, fir\n-0000e2a0: 6d77 6172 652c 0a20 2020 2020 4143 5049 mware,. ACPI\n-0000e2b0: 2074 6162 6c65 732c 2063 7279 7074 6f20 tables, crypto \n-0000e2c0: 6b65 7973 2c20 616e 6420 736f 206f 6e2e keys, and so on.\n-0000e2d0: 2020 5468 6573 6520 6561 726c 7920 696d These early im\n-0000e2e0: 6167 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 ages will be. \n-0000e2f0: 2020 6c6f 6164 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 loaded in the \n-0000e300: 6f72 6465 7220 6465 636c 6172 6564 2c20 order declared, \n-0000e310: 616e 6420 616c 6c20 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 and all will be \n-0000e320: 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7468 loaded before th\n-0000e330: 650a 2020 2020 2061 6374 7561 6c20 6675 e. actual fu\n-0000e340: 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 2069 6e69 7472 6420 nctional initrd \n-0000e350: 696d 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 image... ...\n-0000e360: 4752 5542 5f45 4152 4c59 5f49 4e49 5452 GRUB_EARLY_INITR\n-0000e370: 445f 4c49 4e55 585f 5354 4f43 4be2 8099 D_LINUX_STOCK...\n-0000e380: 2069 7320 666f 7220 796f 7572 2064 6973 is for your dis\n-0000e390: 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e20 746f 2064 6563 tribution to dec\n-0000e3a0: 6c61 7265 0a20 2020 2020 696d 6167 6573 lare. images\n-0000e3b0: 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 7072 6f76 6964 that are provid\n-0000e3c0: 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 6469 7374 7269 ed by the distri\n-0000e3d0: 6275 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 7420 7368 6f75 bution. It shou\n-0000e3e0: 6c64 206e 6f74 2062 650a 2020 2020 206d ld not be. m\n-0000e3f0: 6f64 6966 6965 6420 7769 7468 6f75 7420 odified without \n-0000e400: 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 696e 6720 7468 understanding th\n-0000e410: 6520 636f 6e73 6571 7565 6e63 6573 2e20 e consequences. \n-0000e420: 2054 6865 7920 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 2020 They will be. \n-0000e430: 2020 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6669 7273 742e loaded first.\n-0000e440: 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f45 .. ...GRUB_E\n-0000e450: 4152 4c59 5f49 4e49 5452 445f 4c49 4e55 ARLY_INITRD_LINU\n-0000e460: 585f 4355 5354 4f4d e280 9920 6973 2066 X_CUSTOM... is f\n-0000e470: 6f72 2079 6f75 7220 6375 7374 6f6d 2063 or your custom c\n-0000e480: 7265 6174 6564 2069 6d61 6765 732e 0a0a reated images...\n-0000e490: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 The default\n-0000e4a0: 2073 746f 636b 2069 6d61 6765 7320 6172 stock images ar\n-0000e4b0: 6520 6173 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7773 2c20 7468 e as follows, th\n-0000e4c0: 6f75 6768 2074 6865 7920 6d61 7920 6265 ough they may be\n-0000e4d0: 0a20 2020 2020 6f76 6572 7269 6464 656e . overridden\n-0000e4e0: 2062 7920 796f 7572 2064 6973 7472 6962 by your distrib\n-0000e4f0: 7574 696f 6e3a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ution:. \n-0000e500: 2069 6e74 656c 2d75 632e 696d 6720 696e intel-uc.img in\n-0000e510: 7465 6c2d 7563 6f64 652e 696d 6720 616d tel-ucode.img am\n-0000e520: 642d 7563 2e69 6d67 2061 6d64 2d75 636f d-uc.img amd-uco\n-0000e530: 6465 2e69 6d67 2065 6172 6c79 5f75 636f de.img early_uco\n-0000e540: 6465 2e63 7069 6f20 6d69 6372 6f63 6f64 de.cpio microcod\n-0000e550: 652e 6370 696f 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f e.cpio.....GRUB_\n-0000e560: 4449 5341 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 585f 5555 DISABLE_LINUX_UU\n-0000e570: 4944 e280 990a 2020 2020 204e 6f72 6d61 ID.... Norma\n-0000e580: 6c6c 792c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 lly, ...grub-mkc\n-0000e590: 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 6765 onfig... will ge\n-0000e5a0: 6e65 7261 7465 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 nerate menu entr\n-0000e5b0: 6965 7320 7468 6174 2075 7365 0a20 2020 ies that use. \n-0000e5c0: 2020 756e 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 792d 756e universally-un\n-0000e5d0: 6971 7565 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7273 ique identifiers\n-0000e5e0: 2028 5555 4944 7329 2074 6f20 6964 656e (UUIDs) to iden\n-0000e5f0: 7469 6679 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 740a 2020 tify the root. \n-0000e600: 2020 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 746f filesystem to\n-0000e610: 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 the Linux kerne\n-0000e620: 6c2c 2075 7369 6e67 2061 20e2 8098 726f l, using a ...ro\n-0000e630: 6f74 3d55 5549 443d 2e2e 2ee2 8099 206b ot=UUID=...... k\n-0000e640: 6572 6e65 6c0a 2020 2020 2070 6172 616d ernel. param\n-0000e650: 6574 6572 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2075 eter. This is u\n-0000e660: 7375 616c 6c79 206d 6f72 6520 7265 6c69 sually more reli\n-0000e670: 6162 6c65 2c20 6275 7420 696e 2073 6f6d able, but in som\n-0000e680: 6520 6361 7365 7320 6974 206d 6179 0a20 e cases it may. \n-0000e690: 2020 2020 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 7070 726f not be appro\n-0000e6a0: 7072 6961 7465 2e20 2054 6f20 6469 7361 priate. To disa\n-0000e6b0: 626c 6520 7468 6520 7573 6520 6f66 2055 ble the use of U\n-0000e6c0: 5549 4473 2c20 7365 7420 7468 6973 206f UIDs, set this o\n-0000e6d0: 7074 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 e280 ption. to ..\n-0000e6e0: 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 .true.........GR\n-0000e6f0: 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 5f4c 494e 5558 UB_DISABLE_LINUX\n-0000e700: 5f50 4152 5455 5549 44e2 8099 0a20 2020 _PARTUUID.... \n-0000e710: 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 If ...grub-mkc\n-0000e720: 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 onfig... cannot \n-0000e730: 6964 656e 7469 6679 2074 6865 2072 6f6f identify the roo\n-0000e740: 7420 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2076 6961 t filesystem via\n-0000e750: 2069 7473 0a20 2020 2020 756e 6976 6572 its. univer\n-0000e760: 7361 6c6c 792d 756e 6971 7565 2069 6e64 sally-unique ind\n-0000e770: 656e 7469 6669 6572 2028 5555 4944 292c entifier (UUID),\n-0000e780: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 ...grub-mkconfi\n-0000e790: 67e2 8099 2063 616e 2075 7365 2074 6865 g... can use the\n-0000e7a0: 0a20 2020 2020 5555 4944 206f 6620 7468 . UUID of th\n-0000e7b0: 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 636f 6e74 e partition cont\n-0000e7c0: 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 2066 696c 6573 aining the files\n-0000e7d0: 7973 7465 6d20 746f 2069 6465 6e74 6966 ystem to identif\n-0000e7e0: 7920 7468 650a 2020 2020 2072 6f6f 7420 y the. root \n-0000e7f0: 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2074 6f20 7468 filesystem to th\n-0000e800: 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c 2076 e Linux kernel v\n-0000e810: 6961 2061 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 3d50 4152 ia a ...root=PAR\n-0000e820: 5455 5549 443d 2e2e 2ee2 8099 0a20 2020 TUUID=....... \n-0000e830: 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2070 6172 616d 6574 kernel paramet\n-0000e840: 6572 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 206e 6f74 er. This is not\n-0000e850: 2061 7320 7265 6c69 6162 6c65 2061 7320 as reliable as \n-0000e860: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7379 using the filesy\n-0000e870: 7374 656d 0a20 2020 2020 5555 4944 2c20 stem. UUID, \n-0000e880: 6275 7420 6973 206d 6f72 6520 7265 6c69 but is more reli\n-0000e890: 6162 6c65 2074 6861 6e20 7573 696e 6720 able than using \n-0000e8a0: 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6465 7669 6365 the Linux device\n-0000e8b0: 206e 616d 6573 2e20 2057 6865 6e0a 2020 names. When. \n-0000e8c0: 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 ...GRUB_DISAB\n-0000e8d0: 4c45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f50 4152 5455 5549 LE_LINUX_PARTUUI\n-0000e8e0: 44e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 D... is set to .\n-0000e8f0: 8098 6661 6c73 65e2 8099 2c20 7468 6520 ..false..., the \n-0000e900: 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c 0a20 2020 Linux kernel. \n-0000e910: 2020 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6d75 7374 2062 version must b\n-0000e920: 6520 322e 362e 3337 2028 332e 3130 2066 e 2.6.37 (3.10 f\n-0000e930: 6f72 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2075 7369 6e67 or systems using\n-0000e940: 2074 6865 204d 5344 4f53 2070 6172 7469 the MSDOS parti\n-0000e950: 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 7363 6865 6d65 tion. scheme\n-0000e960: 2920 6f72 206e 6577 6572 2e20 2054 6869 ) or newer. Thi\n-0000e970: 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2064 6566 6175 6c74 s option default\n-0000e980: 7320 746f 20e2 8098 7472 7565 e280 992e s to ...true....\n-0000e990: 2020 546f 2065 6e61 626c 6520 7468 650a To enable the.\n-0000e9a0: 2020 2020 2075 7365 206f 6620 7061 7274 use of part\n-0000e9b0: 6974 696f 6e20 5555 4944 732c 2073 6574 ition UUIDs, set\n-0000e9c0: 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 this option to \n-0000e9d0: e280 9866 616c 7365 e280 992e 0a0a e280 ...false........\n-0000e9e0: 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f 5245 .GRUB_DISABLE_RE\n-0000e9f0: 434f 5645 5259 e280 990a 2020 2020 2049 COVERY.... I\n-0000ea00: 6620 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 f this option is\n-0000ea10: 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 set to ...true.\n-0000ea20: 8099 2c20 6469 7361 626c 6520 7468 6520 .., disable the \n-0000ea30: 6765 6e65 7261 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7265 generation of re\n-0000ea40: 636f 7665 7279 0a20 2020 2020 6d6f 6465 covery. mode\n-0000ea50: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 732e 0a0a menu entries...\n-0000ea60: e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f ...GRUB_DISABLE_\n-0000ea70: 5555 4944 e280 990a 2020 2020 204e 6f72 UUID.... Nor\n-0000ea80: 6d61 6c6c 792c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d mally, ...grub-m\n-0000ea90: 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 kconfig... will \n-0000eaa0: 6765 6e65 7261 7465 206d 656e 7520 656e generate menu en\n-0000eab0: 7472 6965 7320 7468 6174 2075 7365 0a20 tries that use. \n-0000eac0: 2020 2020 756e 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 792d universally-\n-0000ead0: 756e 6971 7565 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 unique identifie\n-0000eae0: 7273 2028 5555 4944 7329 2074 6f20 6964 rs (UUIDs) to id\n-0000eaf0: 656e 7469 6679 2076 6172 696f 7573 0a20 entify various. \n-0000eb00: 2020 2020 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 7320 filesystems \n-0000eb10: 746f 2073 6561 7263 6820 666f 7220 6669 to search for fi\n-0000eb20: 6c65 732e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 7573 les. This is us\n-0000eb30: 7561 6c6c 7920 6d6f 7265 2072 656c 6961 ually more relia\n-0000eb40: 626c 652c 0a20 2020 2020 6275 7420 696e ble,. but in\n-0000eb50: 2073 6f6d 6520 6361 7365 7320 6974 206d some cases it m\n-0000eb60: 6179 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6170 7072 6f70 ay not be approp\n-0000eb70: 7269 6174 652e 2020 546f 2064 6973 6162 riate. To disab\n-0000eb80: 6c65 2074 6869 7320 7573 650a 2020 2020 le this use. \n-0000eb90: 206f 6620 5555 4944 732c 2073 6574 2074 of UUIDs, set t\n-0000eba0: 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 e280 his option to ..\n-0000ebb0: 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2e20 2053 6574 7469 .true.... Setti\n-0000ebc0: 6e67 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2074 ng this option t\n-0000ebd0: 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7472 7565 e280 o. ...true..\n-0000ebe0: 992c 2077 696c 6c20 616c 736f 2073 6574 ., will also set\n-0000ebf0: 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e73 20e2 8098 the options ...\n-0000ec00: 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 5f4c 494e GRUB_DISABLE_LIN\n-0000ec10: 5558 5f55 5549 44e2 8099 2061 6e64 0a20 UX_UUID... and. \n-0000ec20: 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 ...GRUB_DISA\n-0000ec30: 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 585f 5041 5254 5555 BLE_LINUX_PARTUU\n-0000ec40: 4944 e280 9920 746f 20e2 8098 7472 7565 ID... to ...true\n-0000ec50: e280 992c 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 7468 6579 ..., unless they\n-0000ec60: 2068 6176 6520 6265 656e 0a20 2020 2020 have been. \n-0000ec70: 6578 706c 6963 696c 7479 2073 6574 2074 explicilty set t\n-0000ec80: 6f20 e280 9866 616c 7365 e280 992e 0a0a o ...false......\n-0000ec90: e280 9847 5255 425f 5649 4445 4f5f 4241 ...GRUB_VIDEO_BA\n-0000eca0: 434b 454e 44e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4966 CKEND.... If\n-0000ecb0: 2067 7261 7068 6963 616c 2076 6964 656f graphical video\n-0000ecc0: 2073 7570 706f 7274 2069 7320 7265 7175 support is requ\n-0000ecd0: 6972 6564 2c20 6569 7468 6572 2062 6563 ired, either bec\n-0000ece0: 6175 7365 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 e280 ause the. ..\n-0000ecf0: 9867 6678 7465 726d e280 9920 6772 6170 .gfxterm... grap\n-0000ed00: 6869 6361 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c 2069 hical terminal i\n-0000ed10: 7320 696e 2075 7365 206f 7220 6265 6361 s in use or beca\n-0000ed20: 7573 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 use. ...GRUB\n-0000ed30: 5f47 4658 5041 594c 4f41 445f 4c49 4e55 _GFXPAYLOAD_LINU\n-0000ed40: 58e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 742c 2074 6865 X... is set, the\n-0000ed50: 6e20 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 n ...grub-mkconf\n-0000ed60: 6967 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 206e 6f72 6d61 ig... will norma\n-0000ed70: 6c6c 790a 2020 2020 206c 6f61 6420 616c lly. load al\n-0000ed80: 6c20 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 4752 5542 l available GRUB\n-0000ed90: 2076 6964 656f 2064 7269 7665 7273 2061 video drivers a\n-0000eda0: 6e64 2075 7365 2074 6865 206f 6e65 206d nd use the one m\n-0000edb0: 6f73 740a 2020 2020 2061 7070 726f 7072 ost. appropr\n-0000edc0: 6961 7465 2066 6f72 2079 6f75 7220 6861 iate for your ha\n-0000edd0: 7264 7761 7265 2e20 2049 6620 796f 7520 rdware. If you \n-0000ede0: 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6f76 6572 7269 6465 need to override\n-0000edf0: 2074 6869 7320 666f 720a 2020 2020 2073 this for. s\n-0000ee00: 6f6d 6520 7265 6173 6f6e 2c20 7468 656e ome reason, then\n-0000ee10: 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2073 6574 2074 6869 you can set thi\n-0000ee20: 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 s option... \n-0000ee30: 4166 7465 7220 e280 9867 7275 622d 696e After ...grub-in\n-0000ee40: 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2068 6173 2062 6565 stall... has bee\n-0000ee50: 6e20 7275 6e2c 2074 6865 2061 7661 696c n run, the avail\n-0000ee60: 6162 6c65 2076 6964 656f 2064 7269 7665 able video drive\n-0000ee70: 7273 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 7374 rs are. list\n-0000ee80: 6564 2069 6e20 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 ed in .../boot/g\n-0000ee90: 7275 622f 7669 6465 6f2e 6c73 74e2 8099 rub/video.lst...\n-0000eea0: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f47 4658 4d4f ......GRUB_GFXMO\n-0000eeb0: 4445 e280 990a 2020 2020 2053 6574 2074 DE.... Set t\n-0000eec0: 6865 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e20 7573 he resolution us\n-0000eed0: 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9867 6678 ed on the ...gfx\n-0000eee0: 7465 726d e280 9920 6772 6170 6869 6361 term... graphica\n-0000eef0: 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c 2e20 204e 6f74 l terminal. Not\n-0000ef00: 650a 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 796f 7520 e. that you \n-0000ef10: 6361 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 206d 6f64 can only use mod\n-0000ef20: 6573 2077 6869 6368 2079 6f75 7220 6772 es which your gr\n-0000ef30: 6170 6869 6373 2063 6172 6420 7375 7070 aphics card supp\n-0000ef40: 6f72 7473 2076 6961 0a20 2020 2020 5645 orts via. VE\n-0000ef50: 5341 2042 494f 5320 4578 7465 6e73 696f SA BIOS Extensio\n-0000ef60: 6e73 2028 5642 4529 2c20 736f 2066 6f72 ns (VBE), so for\n-0000ef70: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 206e 6174 6976 6520 example native \n-0000ef80: 4c43 4420 7061 6e65 6c0a 2020 2020 2072 LCD panel. r\n-0000ef90: 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e73 206d 6179 206e esolutions may n\n-0000efa0: 6f74 2062 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e ot be available.\n-0000efb0: 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 The default is\n-0000efc0: 20e2 8098 6175 746f e280 992c 2077 6869 ...auto..., whi\n-0000efd0: 6368 0a20 2020 2020 7472 6965 7320 746f ch. tries to\n-0000efe0: 2073 656c 6563 7420 6120 7072 6566 6572 select a prefer\n-0000eff0: 7265 6420 7265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 2e20 red resolution. \n-0000f000: 202a 4e6f 7465 2067 6678 6d6f 6465 3a3a *Note gfxmode::\n-0000f010: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f42 4143 4b47 ......GRUB_BACKG\n-0000f020: 524f 554e 44e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5365 ROUND.... Se\n-0000f030: 7420 6120 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2069 t a background i\n-0000f040: 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 2075 7365 2077 6974 mage for use wit\n-0000f050: 6820 7468 6520 e280 9867 6678 7465 726d h the ...gfxterm\n-0000f060: e280 9920 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c0a 2020 ... graphical. \n-0000f070: 2020 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e 2020 5468 terminal. Th\n-0000f080: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 e value of this \n-0000f090: 6f70 7469 6f6e 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 option must be a\n-0000f0a0: 2066 696c 6520 7265 6164 6162 6c65 2062 file readable b\n-0000f0b0: 7920 4752 5542 0a20 2020 2020 6174 2062 y GRUB. at b\n-0000f0c0: 6f6f 7420 7469 6d65 2c20 616e 6420 6974 oot time, and it\n-0000f0d0: 206d 7573 7420 656e 6420 7769 7468 20e2 must end with .\n-0000f0e0: 8098 2e70 6e67 e280 992c 20e2 8098 2e74 ...png..., ....t\n-0000f0f0: 6761 e280 992c 20e2 8098 2e6a 7067 e280 ga..., ....jpg..\n-0000f100: 992c 206f 720a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2e6a ., or. ....j\n-0000f110: 7065 67e2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 2069 6d61 peg.... The ima\n-0000f120: 6765 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 6361 6c65 ge will be scale\n-0000f130: 6420 6966 206e 6563 6573 7361 7279 2074 d if necessary t\n-0000f140: 6f20 6669 7420 7468 6520 7363 7265 656e o fit the screen\n-0000f150: 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 6d61 6765 2068 6569 .. Image hei\n-0000f160: 6768 7420 616e 6420 7769 6474 6820 7769 ght and width wi\n-0000f170: 6c6c 2062 6520 7265 7374 7269 6374 6564 ll be restricted\n-0000f180: 2062 7920 616e 2061 7274 6966 6963 6961 by an artificia\n-0000f190: 6c20 6c69 6d69 7420 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 l limit of. \n-0000f1a0: 3136 3338 342e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 16384......GRUB_\n-0000f1b0: 5448 454d 45e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5365 THEME.... Se\n-0000f1c0: 7420 6120 7468 656d 6520 666f 7220 7573 t a theme for us\n-0000f1d0: 6520 7769 7468 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6766 e with the ...gf\n-0000f1e0: 7874 6572 6de2 8099 2067 7261 7068 6963 xterm... graphic\n-0000f1f0: 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e 0a0a e280 al terminal.....\n-0000f200: 9847 5255 425f 4746 5850 4159 4c4f 4144 .GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD\n-0000f210: 5f4c 494e 5558 e280 990a 2020 2020 2053 _LINUX.... S\n-0000f220: 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 6578 74e2 8099 et to ...text...\n-0000f230: 2074 6f20 666f 7263 6520 7468 6520 4c69 to force the Li\n-0000f240: 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c 2074 6f20 626f nux kernel to bo\n-0000f250: 6f74 2069 6e20 6e6f 726d 616c 2074 6578 ot in normal tex\n-0000f260: 740a 2020 2020 206d 6f64 652c 20e2 8098 t. mode, ...\n-0000f270: 6b65 6570 e280 9920 746f 2070 7265 7365 keep... to prese\n-0000f280: 7276 6520 7468 6520 6772 6170 6869 6373 rve the graphics\n-0000f290: 206d 6f64 6520 7365 7420 7573 696e 670a mode set using.\n-0000f2a0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f47 4658 ...GRUB_GFX\n-0000f2b0: 4d4f 4445 e280 992c 20e2 8098 5749 4454 MODE..., ...WIDT\n-0000f2c0: 4878 4845 4947 4854 e280 995b e280 9878 HxHEIGHT...[...x\n-0000f2d0: 4445 5054 48e2 8099 5d20 746f 2073 6574 DEPTH...] to set\n-0000f2e0: 2061 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 720a 2020 a particular. \n-0000f2f0: 2020 2067 7261 7068 6963 7320 6d6f 6465 graphics mode\n-0000f300: 2c20 6f72 2061 2073 6571 7565 6e63 6520 , or a sequence \n-0000f310: 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2073 6570 6172 6174 of these separat\n-0000f320: 6564 2062 7920 636f 6d6d 6173 206f 720a ed by commas or.\n-0000f330: 2020 2020 2073 656d 6963 6f6c 6f6e 7320 semicolons \n-0000f340: 746f 2074 7279 2073 6576 6572 616c 206d to try several m\n-0000f350: 6f64 6573 2069 6e20 7365 7175 656e 6365 odes in sequence\n-0000f360: 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2067 6678 7061 796c . *Note gfxpayl\n-0000f370: 6f61 643a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2044 6570 oad::... Dep\n-0000f380: 656e 6469 6e67 206f 6e20 796f 7572 206b ending on your k\n-0000f390: 6572 6e65 6c2c 2079 6f75 7220 6469 7374 ernel, your dist\n-0000f3a0: 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2c20 796f 7572 2067 ribution, your g\n-0000f3b0: 7261 7068 6963 7320 6361 7264 2c0a 2020 raphics card,. \n-0000f3c0: 2020 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2070 6861 7365 and the phase\n-0000f3d0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6d6f 6f6e 2c20 6e6f of the moon, no\n-0000f3e0: 7465 2074 6861 7420 7573 696e 6720 7468 te that using th\n-0000f3f0: 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6d61 7920 6361 is option may ca\n-0000f400: 7573 650a 2020 2020 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e use. GNU/Lin\n-0000f410: 7578 2074 6f20 7375 6666 6572 2066 726f ux to suffer fro\n-0000f420: 6d20 7661 7269 6f75 7320 6469 7370 6c61 m various displa\n-0000f430: 7920 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2c20 7061 7274 y problems, part\n-0000f440: 6963 756c 6172 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 6475 icularly. du\n-0000f450: 7269 6e67 2074 6865 2065 6172 6c79 2070 ring the early p\n-0000f460: 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 art of the boot \n-0000f470: 7365 7175 656e 6365 2e20 2049 6620 796f sequence. If yo\n-0000f480: 7520 6861 7665 2070 726f 626c 656d 732c u have problems,\n-0000f490: 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7420 7468 6973 206f . set this o\n-0000f4a0: 7074 696f 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 7465 7874 ption to ...text\n-0000f4b0: e280 9920 616e 6420 4752 5542 2077 696c ... and GRUB wil\n-0000f4c0: 6c20 7465 6c6c 204c 696e 7578 2074 6f20 l tell Linux to \n-0000f4d0: 626f 6f74 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 206e 6f72 boot in. nor\n-0000f4e0: 6d61 6c20 7465 7874 206d 6f64 652e 0a0a mal text mode...\n-0000f4f0: e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f ...GRUB_DISABLE_\n-0000f500: 4f53 5f50 524f 4245 52e2 8099 0a20 2020 OS_PROBER.... \n-0000f510: 2020 5468 6520 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b The ...grub-mk\n-0000f520: 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 6861 7320 6120 config... has a \n-0000f530: 6665 6174 7572 6520 746f 2075 7365 2074 feature to use t\n-0000f540: 6865 2065 7874 6572 6e61 6c20 e280 986f he external ...o\n-0000f550: 732d 7072 6f62 6572 e280 990a 2020 2020 s-prober.... \n-0000f560: 2070 726f 6772 616d 2074 6f20 6469 7363 program to disc\n-0000f570: 6f76 6572 206f 7468 6572 206f 7065 7261 over other opera\n-0000f580: 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2069 6e73 ting systems ins\n-0000f590: 7461 6c6c 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7361 talled on the sa\n-0000f5a0: 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6368 696e 6520 me. machine \n-0000f5b0: 616e 6420 6765 6e65 7261 7465 2061 7070 and generate app\n-0000f5c0: 726f 7072 6961 7465 206d 656e 7520 656e ropriate menu en\n-0000f5d0: 7472 6965 7320 666f 7220 7468 656d 2e20 tries for them. \n-0000f5e0: 2049 7420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7361 It is. disa\n-0000f5f0: 626c 6564 2062 7920 6465 6661 756c 7420 bled by default \n-0000f600: 7369 6e63 6520 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6320 since automatic \n-0000f610: 616e 6420 7369 6c65 6e74 2065 7865 6375 and silent execu\n-0000f620: 7469 6f6e 206f 660a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 tion of. ...\n-0000f630: 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 72e2 8099 2c20 616e os-prober..., an\n-0000f640: 6420 6372 6561 7469 6e67 2062 6f6f 7420 d creating boot \n-0000f650: 656e 7472 6965 7320 6261 7365 6420 6f6e entries based on\n-0000f660: 2074 6861 7420 6461 7461 2c20 6973 2061 that data, is a\n-0000f670: 0a20 2020 2020 706f 7465 6e74 6961 6c20 . potential \n-0000f680: 6174 7461 636b 2076 6563 746f 722e 2020 attack vector. \n-0000f690: 5365 7420 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 Set this option \n-0000f6a0: 746f 20e2 8098 6661 6c73 65e2 8099 2074 to ...false... t\n-0000f6b0: 6f20 656e 6162 6c65 2074 6869 730a 2020 o enable this. \n-0000f6c0: 2020 2066 6561 7475 7265 2069 6e20 7468 feature in th\n-0000f6d0: 6520 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 e ...grub-mkconf\n-0000f6e0: 6967 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a ig... command...\n-0000f6f0: e280 9847 5255 425f 4f53 5f50 524f 4245 ...GRUB_OS_PROBE\n-0000f700: 525f 534b 4950 5f4c 4953 54e2 8099 0a20 R_SKIP_LIST.... \n-0000f710: 2020 2020 4c69 7374 206f 6620 7370 6163 List of spac\n-0000f720: 652d 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 4653 2055 e-separated FS U\n-0000f730: 5549 4473 206f 6620 6669 6c65 7379 7374 UIDs of filesyst\n-0000f740: 656d 7320 746f 2062 6520 6967 6e6f 7265 ems to be ignore\n-0000f750: 6420 6672 6f6d 0a20 2020 2020 6f73 2d70 d from. os-p\n-0000f760: 726f 6265 7220 6f75 7470 7574 2e20 2046 rober output. F\n-0000f770: 6f72 2065 6669 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 or efi chainload\n-0000f780: 6572 7320 6974 2773 203c 5555 4944 3e40 ers it's @\n-0000f790: 3c45 4649 2046 494c 453e 0a0a e280 9847 .....G\n-0000f7a0: 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f 5355 424d RUB_DISABLE_SUBM\n-0000f7b0: 454e 55e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f 726d ENU.... Norm\n-0000f7c0: 616c 6c79 2c20 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b ally, ...grub-mk\n-0000f7d0: 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2067 config... will g\n-0000f7e0: 656e 6572 6174 6520 746f 7020 6c65 7665 enerate top leve\n-0000f7f0: 6c20 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2066 6f72 l menu entry for\n-0000f800: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c . the kernel\n-0000f810: 2077 6974 6820 6869 6768 6573 7420 7665 with highest ve\n-0000f820: 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 2061 6e64 rsion number and\n-0000f830: 2070 7574 2061 6c6c 206f 7468 6572 2066 put all other f\n-0000f840: 6f75 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c ound. kernel\n-0000f850: 7320 6f72 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 s or alternative\n-0000f860: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 666f menu entries fo\n-0000f870: 7220 7265 636f 7665 7279 206d 6f64 6520 r recovery mode \n-0000f880: 696e 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 2e0a 2020 2020 in submenu.. \n-0000f890: 2046 6f72 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2072 6574 For entries ret\n-0000f8a0: 7572 6e65 6420 6279 20e2 8098 6f73 2d70 urned by ...os-p\n-0000f8b0: 726f 6265 72e2 8099 2066 6972 7374 2065 rober... first e\n-0000f8c0: 6e74 7279 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2070 7574 ntry will be put\n-0000f8d0: 206f 6e20 746f 700a 2020 2020 206c 6576 on top. lev\n-0000f8e0: 656c 2061 6e64 2061 6c6c 206f 7468 6572 el and all other\n-0000f8f0: 7320 696e 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 2e20 2049 s in submenu. I\n-0000f900: 6620 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 f this option is\n-0000f910: 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 set to ...true.\n-0000f920: 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 2066 6c61 7420 6d65 ..,. flat me\n-0000f930: 6e75 2077 6974 6820 616c 6c20 656e 7472 nu with all entr\n-0000f940: 6965 7320 6f6e 2074 6f70 206c 6576 656c ies on top level\n-0000f950: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2067 656e 6572 6174 will be generat\n-0000f960: 6564 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2e0a 2020 2020 ed instead.. \n-0000f970: 2043 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 6973 206f Changing this o\n-0000f980: 7074 696f 6e20 7769 6c6c 2072 6571 7569 ption will requi\n-0000f990: 7265 2063 6861 6e67 696e 6720 6578 6973 re changing exis\n-0000f9a0: 7469 6e67 2076 616c 7565 7320 6f66 0a20 ting values of. \n-0000f9b0: 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f 4445 4641 ...GRUB_DEFA\n-0000f9c0: 554c 54e2 8099 2c20 e280 9866 616c 6c62 ULT..., ...fallb\n-0000f9d0: 6163 6be2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6661 ack... (*note fa\n-0000f9e0: 6c6c 6261 636b 3a3a 2920 616e 6420 e280 llback::) and ..\n-0000f9f0: 9864 6566 6175 6c74 e280 9920 282a 6e6f .default... (*no\n-0000fa00: 7465 0a20 2020 2020 6465 6661 756c 743a te. default:\n-0000fa10: 3a29 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 :) environment v\n-0000fa20: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2061 7320 7765 6c6c ariables as well\n-0000fa30: 2061 7320 7361 7665 6420 6465 6661 756c as saved defaul\n-0000fa40: 7420 656e 7472 790a 2020 2020 2075 7369 t entry. usi\n-0000fa50: 6e67 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d73 6574 2d64 ng ...grub-set-d\n-0000fa60: 6566 6175 6c74 e280 9920 616e 6420 7661 efault... and va\n-0000fa70: 6c75 6520 7573 6564 2077 6974 6820 e280 lue used with ..\n-0000fa80: 9867 7275 622d 7265 626f 6f74 e280 992e .grub-reboot....\n-0000fa90: 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 454e 4142 4c45 .....GRUB_ENABLE\n-0000faa0: 5f43 5259 5054 4f44 4953 4be2 8099 0a20 _CRYPTODISK.... \n-0000fab0: 2020 2020 4966 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 If set to ..\n-0000fac0: 9879 e280 992c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d .y..., ...grub-m\n-0000fad0: 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 kconfig... and .\n-0000fae0: 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 ..grub-install..\n-0000faf0: 9920 7769 6c6c 2063 6865 636b 2066 6f72 . will check for\n-0000fb00: 0a20 2020 2020 656e 6372 7970 7465 6420 . encrypted \n-0000fb10: 6469 736b 7320 616e 6420 6765 6e65 7261 disks and genera\n-0000fb20: 7465 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 636f te additional co\n-0000fb30: 6d6d 616e 6473 206e 6565 6465 6420 746f mmands needed to\n-0000fb40: 2061 6363 6573 730a 2020 2020 2074 6865 access. the\n-0000fb50: 6d20 6475 7269 6e67 2062 6f6f 742e 2020 m during boot. \n-0000fb60: 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 696e 2074 6869 Note that in thi\n-0000fb70: 7320 6361 7365 2075 6e61 7474 656e 6465 s case unattende\n-0000fb80: 6420 626f 6f74 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 d boot is not. \n-0000fb90: 2020 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 6265 6361 possible beca\n-0000fba0: 7573 6520 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 7761 use GRUB will wa\n-0000fbb0: 6974 2066 6f72 2070 6173 7370 6872 6173 it for passphras\n-0000fbc0: 6520 746f 2075 6e6c 6f63 6b20 656e 6372 e to unlock encr\n-0000fbd0: 7970 7465 640a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7461 ypted. conta\n-0000fbe0: 696e 6572 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f49 iner......GRUB_I\n-0000fbf0: 4e49 545f 5455 4e45 e280 990a 2020 2020 NIT_TUNE.... \n-0000fc00: 2050 6c61 7920 6120 7475 6e65 206f 6e20 Play a tune on \n-0000fc10: 7468 6520 7370 6561 6b65 7220 7768 656e the speaker when\n-0000fc20: 2047 5255 4220 7374 6172 7473 2e20 2054 GRUB starts. T\n-0000fc30: 6869 7320 6973 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 his is particula\n-0000fc40: 726c 790a 2020 2020 2075 7365 6675 6c20 rly. useful \n-0000fc50: 666f 7220 7573 6572 7320 756e 6162 6c65 for users unable\n-0000fc60: 2074 6f20 7365 6520 7468 6520 7363 7265 to see the scre\n-0000fc70: 656e 2e20 2054 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f en. The value o\n-0000fc80: 6620 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6f70 7469 f this. opti\n-0000fc90: 6f6e 2069 7320 7061 7373 6564 2064 6972 on is passed dir\n-0000fca0: 6563 746c 7920 746f 202a 6e6f 7465 2070 ectly to *note p\n-0000fcb0: 6c61 793a 3a2e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f lay::......GRUB_\n-0000fcc0: 4241 4452 414d e280 990a 2020 2020 2049 BADRAM.... I\n-0000fcd0: 6620 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 f this option is\n-0000fce0: 2073 6574 2c20 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 set, GRUB will \n-0000fcf0: 6973 7375 6520 6120 2a6e 6f74 6520 6261 issue a *note ba\n-0000fd00: 6472 616d 3a3a 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2074 dram:: command t\n-0000fd10: 6f0a 2020 2020 2066 696c 7465 7220 6f75 o. filter ou\n-0000fd20: 7420 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 7265 6769 t specified regi\n-0000fd30: 6f6e 7320 6f66 2052 414d 2e0a 0ae2 8098 ons of RAM......\n-0000fd40: 4752 5542 5f50 5245 4c4f 4144 5f4d 4f44 GRUB_PRELOAD_MOD\n-0000fd50: 554c 4553 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6869 ULES.... Thi\n-0000fd60: 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 2062 6520 s option may be \n-0000fd70: 7365 7420 746f 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 set to a list of\n-0000fd80: 2047 5255 4220 6d6f 6475 6c65 206e 616d GRUB module nam\n-0000fd90: 6573 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 790a es separated by.\n-0000fda0: 2020 2020 2073 7061 6365 732e 2020 4561 spaces. Ea\n-0000fdb0: 6368 206d 6f64 756c 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 ch module will b\n-0000fdc0: 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 7320 6561 726c e loaded as earl\n-0000fdd0: 7920 6173 2070 6f73 7369 626c 652c 2061 y as possible, a\n-0000fde0: 7420 7468 650a 2020 2020 2073 7461 7274 t the. start\n-0000fdf0: 206f 6620 e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 67e2 of ...grub.cfg.\n-0000fe00: 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f52 4543 ........GRUB_REC\n-0000fe10: 4f52 4446 4149 4c5f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 ORDFAIL_TIMEOUT.\n-0000fe20: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 ... If this \n-0000fe30: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 option is set, i\n-0000fe40: 7420 6f76 6572 7269 6465 7320 7468 6520 t overrides the \n-0000fe50: 6465 6661 756c 7420 7265 636f 7264 6661 default recordfa\n-0000fe60: 696c 2073 6574 7469 6e67 2e0a 2020 2020 il setting.. \n-0000fe70: 2041 2073 6574 7469 6e67 206f 6620 2d31 A setting of -1\n-0000fe80: 2063 6175 7365 7320 4752 5542 2074 6f20 causes GRUB to \n-0000fe90: 7761 6974 2066 6f72 2075 7365 7220 696e wait for user in\n-0000fea0: 7075 7420 696e 6465 6669 6e69 7465 6c79 put indefinitely\n-0000feb0: 2e0a 2020 2020 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 .. However, \n-0000fec0: 6120 6661 6c73 6520 706f 7369 7469 7665 a false positive\n-0000fed0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7265 636f 7264 6661 in the recordfa\n-0000fee0: 696c 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 206d 6179 il mechanism may\n-0000fef0: 206f 6363 7572 2069 660a 2020 2020 2070 occur if. p\n-0000ff00: 6f77 6572 2069 7320 6c6f 7374 2064 7572 ower is lost dur\n-0000ff10: 696e 6720 626f 6f74 2062 6566 6f72 6520 ing boot before \n-0000ff20: 626f 6f74 2073 7563 6365 7373 2069 7320 boot success is \n-0000ff30: 7265 636f 7264 6564 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 recorded in. \n-0000ff40: 2075 7365 7273 7061 6365 2e20 2054 6865 userspace. The\n-0000ff50: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2073 6574 7469 6e67 default setting\n-0000ff60: 2069 7320 3330 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6361 is 30, which ca\n-0000ff70: 7573 6573 2047 5255 4220 746f 2077 6169 uses GRUB to wai\n-0000ff80: 740a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2075 7365 7220 t. for user \n-0000ff90: 696e 7075 7420 666f 7220 7468 6972 7479 input for thirty\n-0000ffa0: 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2062 6566 6f72 6520 seconds before \n-0000ffb0: 636f 6e74 696e 7569 6e67 2e20 2054 6869 continuing. Thi\n-0000ffc0: 7320 6465 6661 756c 740a 2020 2020 2061 s default. a\n-0000ffd0: 6c6c 6f77 7320 696e 7465 7261 6374 6976 llows interactiv\n-0000ffe0: 6520 7573 6572 7320 7468 6520 6f70 706f e users the oppo\n-0000fff0: 7274 756e 6974 7920 746f 2073 7769 7463 rtunity to switc\n-00010000: 6820 746f 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 h to a different\n-00010010: 2c0a 2020 2020 2077 6f72 6b69 6e67 206b ,. working k\n-00010020: 6572 6e65 6c2c 2077 6869 6c65 2061 766f ernel, while avo\n-00010030: 6964 696e 6720 6120 6661 6c73 6520 706f iding a false po\n-00010040: 7369 7469 7665 2063 6175 7369 6e67 2074 sitive causing t\n-00010050: 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 he boot to. \n-00010060: 626c 6f63 6b20 696e 6465 6669 6e69 7465 block indefinite\n-00010070: 6c79 206f 6e20 6865 6164 6c65 7373 2061 ly on headless a\n-00010080: 6e64 2061 7070 6c69 616e 6365 2073 7973 nd appliance sys\n-00010090: 7465 6d73 2077 6865 7265 2061 6363 6573 tems where acces\n-000100a0: 730a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 6120 636f 6e73 s. to a cons\n-000100b0: 6f6c 6520 6973 2072 6573 7472 6963 7465 ole is restricte\n-000100c0: 6420 6f72 206c 696d 6974 6564 2e0a 0a20 d or limited... \n-000100d0: 2020 2020 5468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 This option \n-000100e0: 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6566 6665 6374 6976 is only effectiv\n-000100f0: 6520 7768 656e 2047 5255 4220 7761 7320 e when GRUB was \n-00010100: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2077 6974 6820 configured with \n-00010110: 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d2d 656e the. ...--en\n-00010120: 6162 6c65 2d71 7569 636b 2d62 6f6f 74e2 able-quick-boot.\n-00010130: 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 0a0a e280 9847 .. option......G\n-00010140: 5255 425f 5245 434f 5645 5259 5f54 4954 RUB_RECOVERY_TIT\n-00010150: 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 LE.... This \n-00010160: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2073 6574 7320 7468 6520 option sets the \n-00010170: 456e 676c 6973 6820 7465 7874 206f 6620 English text of \n-00010180: 7468 6520 7374 7269 6e67 2074 6861 7420 the string that \n-00010190: 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 2020 2020 2064 6973 will be. dis\n-000101a0: 706c 6179 6564 2069 6e20 7061 7265 6e74 played in parent\n-000101b0: 6865 7365 7320 746f 2069 6e64 6963 6174 heses to indicat\n-000101c0: 6520 7468 6174 2061 2062 6f6f 7420 6f70 e that a boot op\n-000101d0: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 tion is provided\n-000101e0: 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2068 656c 7020 7573 . to help us\n-000101f0: 6572 7320 7265 636f 7665 7220 6120 6272 ers recover a br\n-00010200: 6f6b 656e 2073 7973 7465 6d2e 2020 5468 oken system. Th\n-00010210: 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 2022 7265 e default is \"re\n-00010220: 636f 7665 7279 0a20 2020 2020 6d6f 6465 covery. mode\n-00010230: 222e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f \"... The follo\n-00010240: 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 7265 wing options are\n-00010250: 2073 7469 6c6c 2061 6363 6570 7465 6420 still accepted \n-00010260: 666f 7220 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c 6974 for compatibilit\n-00010270: 7920 7769 7468 0a65 7869 7374 696e 6720 y with.existing \n-00010280: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 configurations, \n-00010290: 6275 7420 6861 7665 2062 6574 7465 7220 but have better \n-000102a0: 7265 706c 6163 656d 656e 7473 3a0a 0ae2 replacements:...\n-000102b0: 8098 4752 5542 5f48 4944 4445 4e5f 5449 ..GRUB_HIDDEN_TI\n-000102c0: 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5761 MEOUT.... Wa\n-000102d0: 6974 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e79 2073 6563 it this many sec\n-000102e0: 6f6e 6473 2062 6566 6f72 6520 6469 7370 onds before disp\n-000102f0: 6c61 7969 6e67 2074 6865 206d 656e 752e laying the menu.\n-00010300: 2020 4966 203c 4553 433e 206f 720a 2020 If or. \n-00010310: 2020 203c 4634 3e20 6172 6520 7072 6573 are pres\n-00010320: 7365 642c 206f 7220 3c53 4849 4654 3e20 sed, or \n-00010330: 6973 2068 656c 6420 646f 776e 2064 7572 is held down dur\n-00010340: 696e 6720 7468 6174 2074 696d 652c 2064 ing that time, d\n-00010350: 6973 706c 6179 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 isplay. the \n-00010360: 6d65 6e75 2061 6e64 2077 6169 7420 666f menu and wait fo\n-00010370: 7220 696e 7075 7420 6163 636f 7264 696e r input accordin\n-00010380: 6720 746f 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d g to ...GRUB_TIM\n-00010390: 454f 5554 e280 992e 2020 4966 2061 0a20 EOUT.... If a. \n-000103a0: 2020 2020 686f 746b 6579 2061 7373 6f63 hotkey assoc\n-000103b0: 6961 7465 6420 7769 7468 2061 206d 656e iated with a men\n-000103c0: 7520 656e 7472 7920 6973 2070 7265 7373 u entry is press\n-000103d0: 6564 2c20 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2061 7373 ed, boot the ass\n-000103e0: 6f63 6961 7465 640a 2020 2020 206d 656e ociated. men\n-000103f0: 7520 656e 7472 7920 696d 6d65 6469 6174 u entry immediat\n-00010400: 656c 792e 2020 4966 2074 6865 2074 696d ely. If the tim\n-00010410: 656f 7574 2065 7870 6972 6573 2062 6566 eout expires bef\n-00010420: 6f72 6520 6569 7468 6572 206f 660a 2020 ore either of. \n-00010430: 2020 2074 6865 7365 2068 6170 7065 6e73 these happens\n-00010440: 2c20 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7468 6520 6d65 , display the me\n-00010450: 6e75 2066 6f72 2074 6865 206e 756d 6265 nu for the numbe\n-00010460: 7220 6f66 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2073 7065 r of seconds spe\n-00010470: 6369 6669 6564 0a20 2020 2020 696e 20e2 cified. in .\n-00010480: 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 e280 ..GRUB_TIMEOUT..\n-00010490: 9920 6265 666f 7265 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 . before booting\n-000104a0: 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 the default ent\n-000104b0: 7279 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2079 6f75 ry... If you\n-000104c0: 2073 6574 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f48 4944 set ...GRUB_HID\n-000104d0: 4445 4e5f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 2c20 DEN_TIMEOUT..., \n-000104e0: 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2061 6c73 6f20 you should also \n-000104f0: 7365 740a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 set. ...GRUB\n-00010500: 5f54 494d 454f 5554 3d30 e280 9920 736f _TIMEOUT=0... so\n-00010510: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 that the menu i\n-00010520: 7320 6e6f 7420 6469 7370 6c61 7965 6420 s not displayed \n-00010530: 6174 2061 6c6c 2075 6e6c 6573 730a 2020 at all unless. \n-00010540: 2020 203c 4553 433e 206f 7220 3c46 343e or \n-00010550: 2061 7265 2070 7265 7373 6564 2c20 6f72 are pressed, or\n-00010560: 203c 5348 4946 543e 2069 7320 6865 6c64 is held\n-00010570: 2064 6f77 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 down... Thi\n-00010580: 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 756e 7365 s option is unse\n-00010590: 7420 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2c20 616e t by default, an\n-000105a0: 6420 6973 2064 6570 7265 6361 7465 6420 d is deprecated \n-000105b0: 696e 2066 6176 6f75 7220 6f66 2074 6865 in favour of the\n-000105c0: 0a20 2020 2020 6c65 7373 2063 6f6e 6675 . less confu\n-000105d0: 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d sing ...GRUB_TIM\n-000105e0: 454f 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 3d63 6f75 6e74 EOUT_STYLE=count\n-000105f0: 646f 776e e280 9920 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 down... or. \n-00010600: e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 545f ...GRUB_TIMEOUT_\n-00010610: 5354 594c 453d 6869 6464 656e e280 992e STYLE=hidden....\n-00010620: 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4849 4444 454e .....GRUB_HIDDEN\n-00010630: 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f51 5549 4554 e280 _TIMEOUT_QUIET..\n-00010640: 990a 2020 2020 2049 6e20 636f 6e6a 756e .. In conjun\n-00010650: 6374 696f 6e20 7769 7468 20e2 8098 4752 ction with ...GR\n-00010660: 5542 5f48 4944 4445 4e5f 5449 4d45 4f55 UB_HIDDEN_TIMEOU\n-00010670: 54e2 8099 2c20 7365 7420 7468 6973 2074 T..., set this t\n-00010680: 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2074 6f0a o ...true... to.\n-00010690: 2020 2020 2073 7570 7072 6573 7320 7468 suppress th\n-000106a0: 6520 7665 7262 6f73 6520 636f 756e 7464 e verbose countd\n-000106b0: 6f77 6e20 7768 696c 6520 7761 6974 696e own while waitin\n-000106c0: 6720 666f 7220 6120 6b65 7920 746f 2062 g for a key to b\n-000106d0: 650a 2020 2020 2070 7265 7373 6564 2062 e. pressed b\n-000106e0: 6566 6f72 6520 6469 7370 6c61 7969 6e67 efore displaying\n-000106f0: 2074 6865 206d 656e 752e 0a0a 2020 2020 the menu... \n-00010700: 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 This option is \n-00010710: 756e 7365 7420 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 unset by default\n-00010720: 2c20 616e 6420 6973 2064 6570 7265 6361 , and is depreca\n-00010730: 7465 6420 696e 2066 6176 6f75 7220 6f66 ted in favour of\n-00010740: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6c65 7373 2063 the. less c\n-00010750: 6f6e 6675 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 4752 5542 onfusing ...GRUB\n-00010760: 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 3d63 _TIMEOUT_STYLE=c\n-00010770: 6f75 6e74 646f 776e e280 992e 0a0a e280 ountdown........\n-00010780: 9847 5255 425f 4849 4444 454e 5f54 494d .GRUB_HIDDEN_TIM\n-00010790: 454f 5554 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 0a20 EOUT_BUTTON.... \n-000107a0: 2020 2020 5661 7269 616e 7420 6f66 20e2 Variant of .\n-000107b0: 8098 4752 5542 5f48 4944 4445 4e5f 5449 ..GRUB_HIDDEN_TI\n-000107c0: 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 2c20 7573 6564 2074 MEOUT..., used t\n-000107d0: 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7665 6e64 6f72 o support vendor\n-000107e0: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 630a 2020 2020 2070 -specific. p\n-000107f0: 6f77 6572 2062 7574 746f 6e73 2e20 202a ower buttons. *\n-00010800: 4e6f 7465 2056 656e 646f 7220 706f 7765 Note Vendor powe\n-00010810: 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 733a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 r-on keys::... \n-00010820: 2020 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 This option i\n-00010830: 7320 756e 7365 7420 6279 2064 6566 6175 s unset by defau\n-00010840: 6c74 2c20 616e 6420 6973 2064 6570 7265 lt, and is depre\n-00010850: 6361 7465 6420 696e 2066 6176 6f75 7220 cated in favour \n-00010860: 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6c65 7373 of the. less\n-00010870: 2063 6f6e 6675 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 4752 confusing ...GR\n-00010880: 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 UB_TIMEOUT_STYLE\n-00010890: 3d63 6f75 6e74 646f 776e e280 9920 6f72 =countdown... or\n-000108a0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 . ...GRUB_TI\n-000108b0: 4d45 4f55 545f 5354 594c 453d 6869 6464 MEOUT_STYLE=hidd\n-000108c0: 656e e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2046 6f72 206d en...... For m\n-000108d0: 6f72 6520 6465 7461 696c 6564 2063 7573 ore detailed cus\n-000108e0: 746f 6d69 7361 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 e280 tomisation of ..\n-000108f0: 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 .grub-mkconfig..\n-00010900: 9927 7320 6f75 7470 7574 2c20 796f 7520 .'s output, you \n-00010910: 6d61 790a 6564 6974 2074 6865 2073 6372 may.edit the scr\n-00010920: 6970 7473 2069 6e20 e280 982f 6574 632f ipts in .../etc/\n-00010930: 6772 7562 2e64 e280 9920 6469 7265 6374 grub.d... direct\n-00010940: 6c79 2e20 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f67 7275 ly. .../etc/gru\n-00010950: 622e 642f 3430 5f63 7573 746f 6de2 8099 b.d/40_custom...\n-00010960: 2069 730a 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 6c79 is.particularly\n-00010970: 2075 7365 6675 6c20 666f 7220 6164 6469 useful for addi\n-00010980: 6e67 2065 6e74 6972 6520 6375 7374 6f6d ng entire custom\n-00010990: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 733b 2073 menu entries; s\n-000109a0: 696d 706c 7920 7479 7065 0a74 6865 206d imply type.the m\n-000109b0: 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 796f 7520 enu entries you \n-000109c0: 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 6164 6420 6174 2074 want to add at t\n-000109d0: 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 7468 6174 2066 he end of that f\n-000109e0: 696c 652c 206d 616b 696e 6720 7375 7265 ile, making sure\n-000109f0: 2074 6f0a 6c65 6176 6520 6174 206c 6561 to.leave at lea\n-00010a00: 7374 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2074 776f st the first two\n-00010a10: 206c 696e 6573 2069 6e74 6163 742e 0a0a lines intact...\n-00010a20: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00010a30: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 526f 6f74 2049 o, Node: Root I\n-00010a40: 6465 6e74 6966 6361 7469 6f6e 2048 6575 dentifcation Heu\n-00010a50: 7269 7374 6963 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 ristics, Next: \n-00010a60: 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 Shell-like scrip\n-00010a70: 7469 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2053 696d ting, Prev: Sim\n-00010a80: 706c 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f ple configuratio\n-00010a90: 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 n, Up: Configur\n-00010aa0: 6174 696f 6e0a 0a36 2e32 2052 6f6f 7420 ation..6.2 Root \n-00010ab0: 4964 656e 7469 6663 6174 696f 6e20 4865 Identifcation He\n-00010ac0: 7572 6973 7469 6373 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d uristics.=======\n+0000c090: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 =============..T\n+0000c0a0: 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 he program ...gr\n+0000c0b0: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2028 ub-mkconfig... (\n+0000c0c0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 *note Invoking g\n+0000c0d0: 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 3a3a 2920 rub-mkconfig::) \n+0000c0e0: 6765 6e65 7261 7465 730a e280 9867 7275 generates....gru\n+0000c0f0: 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2066 696c 6573 2073 b.cfg... files s\n+0000c100: 7569 7461 626c 6520 666f 7220 6d6f 7374 uitable for most\n+0000c110: 2063 6173 6573 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2073 cases. It is s\n+0000c120: 7569 7461 626c 6520 666f 7220 7573 6520 uitable for use \n+0000c130: 7768 656e 0a75 7067 7261 6469 6e67 2061 when.upgrading a\n+0000c140: 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e2c 2061 distribution, a\n+0000c150: 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 6469 7363 6f76 6572 nd will discover\n+0000c160: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206b 6572 6e65 available kerne\n+0000c170: 6c73 2061 6e64 0a61 7474 656d 7074 2074 ls and.attempt t\n+0000c180: 6f20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 206d 656e 7520 o generate menu \n+0000c190: 656e 7472 6965 7320 666f 7220 7468 656d entries for them\n+0000c1a0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b ... ...grub-mk\n+0000c1b0: 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 646f 6573 2068 config... does h\n+0000c1c0: 6176 6520 736f 6d65 206c 696d 6974 6174 ave some limitat\n+0000c1d0: 696f 6e73 2e20 2057 6869 6c65 2061 6464 ions. While add\n+0000c1e0: 696e 6720 6578 7472 610a 6375 7374 6f6d ing extra.custom\n+0000c1f0: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 746f menu entries to\n+0000c200: 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 7468 6520 the end of the \n+0000c210: 6c69 7374 2063 616e 2062 6520 646f 6e65 list can be done\n+0000c220: 2062 7920 6564 6974 696e 670a e280 982f by editing..../\n+0000c230: 6574 632f 6772 7562 2e64 2f34 305f 6375 etc/grub.d/40_cu\n+0000c240: 7374 6f6d e280 9920 6f72 2063 7265 6174 stom... or creat\n+0000c250: 696e 6720 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 ing .../boot/gru\n+0000c260: 622f 6375 7374 6f6d 2e63 6667 e280 992c b/custom.cfg...,\n+0000c270: 2063 6861 6e67 696e 670a 7468 6520 6f72 changing.the or\n+0000c280: 6465 7220 6f66 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 der of menu entr\n+0000c290: 6965 7320 6f72 2063 6861 6e67 696e 6720 ies or changing \n+0000c2a0: 7468 6569 7220 7469 746c 6573 206d 6179 their titles may\n+0000c2b0: 2072 6571 7569 7265 206d 616b 696e 670a require making.\n+0000c2c0: 636f 6d70 6c65 7820 6368 616e 6765 7320 complex changes \n+0000c2d0: 746f 2073 6865 6c6c 2073 6372 6970 7473 to shell scripts\n+0000c2e0: 2073 746f 7265 6420 696e 20e2 8098 2f65 stored in .../e\n+0000c2f0: 7463 2f67 7275 622e 642f e280 992e 2020 tc/grub.d/.... \n+0000c300: 5468 6973 206d 6179 2062 650a 696d 7072 This may be.impr\n+0000c310: 6f76 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6675 7475 oved in the futu\n+0000c320: 7265 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6520 6d65 616e re. In the mean\n+0000c330: 7469 6d65 2c20 7468 6f73 6520 7768 6f20 time, those who \n+0000c340: 6665 656c 2074 6861 7420 6974 2077 6f75 feel that it wou\n+0000c350: 6c64 0a62 6520 6561 7369 6572 2074 6f20 ld.be easier to \n+0000c360: 7772 6974 6520 e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 write ...grub.cf\n+0000c370: 67e2 8099 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 6172 g... directly ar\n+0000c380: 6520 656e 636f 7572 6167 6564 2074 6f20 e encouraged to \n+0000c390: 646f 2073 6f20 282a 6e6f 7465 0a42 6f6f do so (*note.Boo\n+0000c3a0: 7469 6e67 3a3a 2c20 616e 6420 2a6e 6f74 ting::, and *not\n+0000c3b0: 6520 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 e Shell-like scr\n+0000c3c0: 6970 7469 6e67 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 2074 ipting::), and t\n+0000c3d0: 6f20 6469 7361 626c 6520 616e 7920 7379 o disable any sy\n+0000c3e0: 7374 656d 0a70 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 stem.provided by\n+0000c3f0: 2074 6865 6972 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 their distribut\n+0000c400: 696f 6e20 746f 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 ion to automatic\n+0000c410: 616c 6c79 2072 756e 20e2 8098 6772 7562 ally run ...grub\n+0000c420: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 -mkconfig...... \n+0000c430: 2020 5468 6520 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 2f65 The file .../e\n+0000c440: 7463 2f64 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 7275 62e2 tc/default/grub.\n+0000c450: 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 7320 7468 6520 .. controls the \n+0000c460: 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 0ae2 8098 operation of....\n+0000c470: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 grub-mkconfig...\n+0000c480: 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2073 6f75 7263 6564 . It is sourced\n+0000c490: 2062 7920 6120 7368 656c 6c20 7363 7269 by a shell scri\n+0000c4a0: 7074 2c20 616e 6420 736f 206d 7573 7420 pt, and so must \n+0000c4b0: 6265 2076 616c 6964 0a50 4f53 4958 2073 be valid.POSIX s\n+0000c4c0: 6865 6c6c 2069 6e70 7574 3b20 6e6f 726d hell input; norm\n+0000c4d0: 616c 6c79 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6a75 ally, it will ju\n+0000c4e0: 7374 2062 6520 6120 7365 7175 656e 6365 st be a sequence\n+0000c4f0: 206f 6620 e280 984b 4559 3d76 616c 7565 of ...KEY=value\n+0000c500: e280 990a 6c69 6e65 732c 2062 7574 2069 ....lines, but i\n+0000c510: 6620 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 636f 6e74 f the value cont\n+0000c520: 6169 6e73 2073 7061 6365 7320 6f72 206f ains spaces or o\n+0000c530: 7468 6572 2073 7065 6369 616c 2063 6861 ther special cha\n+0000c540: 7261 6374 6572 7320 7468 656e 0a69 7420 racters then.it \n+0000c550: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7175 6f74 6564 2e20 must be quoted. \n+0000c560: 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 For example:.. \n+0000c570: 2020 2020 4752 5542 5f54 4552 4d49 4e41 GRUB_TERMINA\n+0000c580: 4c5f 494e 5055 543d 2263 6f6e 736f 6c65 L_INPUT=\"console\n+0000c590: 2073 6572 6961 6c22 0a0a 2020 2056 616c serial\".. Val\n+0000c5a0: 6964 206b 6579 7320 696e 20e2 8098 2f65 id keys in .../e\n+0000c5b0: 7463 2f64 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 7275 62e2 tc/default/grub.\n+0000c5c0: 8099 2061 7265 2061 7320 666f 6c6c 6f77 .. are as follow\n+0000c5d0: 733a 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4445 4641 s:.....GRUB_DEFA\n+0000c5e0: 554c 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 ULT.... The \n+0000c5f0: 6465 6661 756c 7420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 default menu ent\n+0000c600: 7279 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6265 ry. This may be\n+0000c610: 2061 206e 756d 6265 722c 2069 6e20 7768 a number, in wh\n+0000c620: 6963 6820 6361 7365 2069 740a 2020 2020 ich case it. \n+0000c630: 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 identifies the \n+0000c640: 4e74 6820 656e 7472 7920 696e 2074 6865 Nth entry in the\n+0000c650: 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 206d 656e 7520 generated menu \n+0000c660: 636f 756e 7465 6420 6672 6f6d 207a 6572 counted from zer\n+0000c670: 6f2c 0a20 2020 2020 6f72 2074 6865 2074 o,. or the t\n+0000c680: 6974 6c65 206f 6620 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 itle of a menu e\n+0000c690: 6e74 7279 2c20 6f72 2074 6865 2073 7065 ntry, or the spe\n+0000c6a0: 6369 616c 2073 7472 696e 6720 e280 9873 cial string ...s\n+0000c6b0: 6176 6564 e280 992e 2020 5573 696e 670a aved.... Using.\n+0000c6c0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 2069 6420 6d61 7920 the id may \n+0000c6d0: 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 6966 2079 6f75 be useful if you\n+0000c6e0: 2077 616e 7420 746f 2073 6574 2061 206d want to set a m\n+0000c6f0: 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 6173 2074 6865 enu entry as the\n+0000c700: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 0a20 2020 2020 6576 default. ev\n+0000c710: 656e 2074 686f 7567 6820 7468 6572 6520 en though there \n+0000c720: 6d61 7920 6265 2061 2076 6172 6961 626c may be a variabl\n+0000c730: 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 656e 7472 e number of entr\n+0000c740: 6965 7320 6265 666f 7265 2069 742e 0a0a ies before it...\n+0000c750: 2020 2020 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 For example\n+0000c760: 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 653a 0a0a , if you have:..\n+0000c770: 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2027 menuentry '\n+0000c780: 4578 616d 706c 6520 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 Example GNU/Linu\n+0000c790: 7820 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2720 x distribution' \n+0000c7a0: 2d2d 636c 6173 7320 676e 752d 6c69 6e75 --class gnu-linu\n+0000c7b0: 7820 2d2d 6964 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2d67 x --id example-g\n+0000c7c0: 6e75 2d6c 696e 7578 207b 0a20 2020 2020 nu-linux {. \n+0000c7d0: 092e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a 0a20 2020 ..... }.. \n+0000c7e0: 2020 7468 656e 2079 6f75 2063 616e 206d then you can m\n+0000c7f0: 616b 6520 7468 6973 2074 6865 2064 6566 ake this the def\n+0000c800: 6175 6c74 2075 7369 6e67 3a0a 0a20 2020 ault using:.. \n+0000c810: 2020 2020 2020 2047 5255 425f 4445 4641 GRUB_DEFA\n+0000c820: 554c 543d 6578 616d 706c 652d 676e 752d ULT=example-gnu-\n+0000c830: 6c69 6e75 780a 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6576 linux.. Prev\n+0000c840: 696f 7573 6c79 2069 7420 7761 7320 646f iously it was do\n+0000c850: 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 2074 6865 2077 6179 cumented the way\n+0000c860: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 656e 7472 7920 7469 to use entry ti\n+0000c870: 746c 652e 2020 5768 696c 650a 2020 2020 tle. While. \n+0000c880: 2074 6869 7320 7374 696c 6c20 776f 726b this still work\n+0000c890: 7320 6974 2773 206e 6f74 2072 6563 6f6d s it's not recom\n+0000c8a0: 6d65 6e64 6564 2073 696e 6365 2074 6974 mended since tit\n+0000c8b0: 6c65 7320 6f66 7465 6e20 636f 6e74 6169 les often contai\n+0000c8c0: 6e0a 2020 2020 2075 6e73 7461 626c 6520 n. unstable \n+0000c8d0: 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6573 2061 6e64 device names and\n+0000c8e0: 206d 6179 2062 6520 7472 616e 736c 6174 may be translat\n+0000c8f0: 6564 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 ed.. If you \n+0000c900: 7365 7420 7468 6973 2074 6f20 e280 9873 set this to ...s\n+0000c910: 6176 6564 e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 aved..., then th\n+0000c920: 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6d65 6e75 2065 e default menu e\n+0000c930: 6e74 7279 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 ntry will be. \n+0000c940: 2020 7468 6174 2073 6176 6564 2062 7920 that saved by \n+0000c950: e280 9847 5255 425f 5341 5645 4445 4641 ...GRUB_SAVEDEFA\n+0000c960: 554c 54e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9867 7275 ULT... or ...gru\n+0000c970: 622d 7365 742d 6465 6661 756c 74e2 8099 b-set-default...\n+0000c980: 2e20 2054 6869 730a 2020 2020 2072 656c . This. rel\n+0000c990: 6965 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 ies on the envir\n+0000c9a0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2c20 7768 onment block, wh\n+0000c9b0: 6963 6820 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 ich may not be a\n+0000c9c0: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 616c 6c0a vailable in all.\n+0000c9d0: 2020 2020 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 7320 situations \n+0000c9e0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 (*note Environme\n+0000c9f0: 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 nt block::)... \n+0000ca00: 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 The default i\n+0000ca10: 7320 e280 9830 e280 992e 0a0a e280 9847 s ...0.........G\n+0000ca20: 5255 425f 5341 5645 4445 4641 554c 54e2 RUB_SAVEDEFAULT.\n+0000ca30: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 ... If this \n+0000ca40: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f option is set to\n+0000ca50: 20e2 8098 7472 7565 e280 992c 2074 6865 ...true..., the\n+0000ca60: 6e2c 2077 6865 6e20 616e 2065 6e74 7279 n, when an entry\n+0000ca70: 2069 7320 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2c0a 2020 is selected,. \n+0000ca80: 2020 2073 6176 6520 6974 2061 7320 6120 save it as a \n+0000ca90: 6e65 7720 6465 6661 756c 7420 656e 7472 new default entr\n+0000caa0: 7920 666f 7220 7573 6520 6279 2066 7574 y for use by fut\n+0000cab0: 7572 6520 7275 6e73 206f 6620 4752 5542 ure runs of GRUB\n+0000cac0: 2e20 5468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6973 206f . This. is o\n+0000cad0: 6e6c 7920 7573 6566 756c 2069 6620 e280 nly useful if ..\n+0000cae0: 9847 5255 425f 4445 4641 554c 543d 7361 .GRUB_DEFAULT=sa\n+0000caf0: 7665 64e2 8099 3b20 6974 2069 7320 6120 ved...; it is a \n+0000cb00: 7365 7061 7261 7465 206f 7074 696f 6e0a separate option.\n+0000cb10: 2020 2020 2062 6563 6175 7365 20e2 8098 because ...\n+0000cb20: 4752 5542 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 3d73 6176 GRUB_DEFAULT=sav\n+0000cb30: 6564 e280 9920 6973 2075 7365 6675 6c20 ed... is useful \n+0000cb40: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7468 6973 206f 7074 without this opt\n+0000cb50: 696f 6e2c 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e ion, in. con\n+0000cb60: 6a75 6e63 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 6820 e280 junction with ..\n+0000cb70: 9867 7275 622d 7365 742d 6465 6661 756c .grub-set-defaul\n+0000cb80: 74e2 8099 2e20 2055 6e73 6574 2062 7920 t.... Unset by \n+0000cb90: 6465 6661 756c 742e 2020 5468 6973 0a20 default. This. \n+0000cba0: 2020 2020 6f70 7469 6f6e 2072 656c 6965 option relie\n+0000cbb0: 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e s on the environ\n+0000cbc0: 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2c20 7768 6963 ment block, whic\n+0000cbd0: 6820 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 7661 h may not be ava\n+0000cbe0: 696c 6162 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2061 ilable. in a\n+0000cbf0: 6c6c 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 7320 282a ll situations (*\n+0000cc00: 6e6f 7465 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 note Environment\n+0000cc10: 2062 6c6f 636b 3a3a 292e 0a0a e280 9847 block::)......G\n+0000cc20: 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 0a20 RUB_TIMEOUT.... \n+0000cc30: 2020 2020 426f 6f74 2074 6865 2064 6566 Boot the def\n+0000cc40: 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 7279 2074 6869 7320 ault entry this \n+0000cc50: 6d61 6e79 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2061 6674 many seconds aft\n+0000cc60: 6572 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 6973 0a20 er the menu is. \n+0000cc70: 2020 2020 6469 7370 6c61 7965 642c 2075 displayed, u\n+0000cc80: 6e6c 6573 7320 6120 6b65 7920 6973 2070 nless a key is p\n+0000cc90: 7265 7373 6564 2e20 2054 6865 2064 6566 ressed. The def\n+0000cca0: 6175 6c74 2069 7320 e280 9835 e280 992e ault is ...5....\n+0000ccb0: 2020 5365 7420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 e280 Set to. ..\n+0000ccc0: 9830 e280 9920 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 696d .0... to boot im\n+0000ccd0: 6d65 6469 6174 656c 7920 7769 7468 6f75 mediately withou\n+0000cce0: 7420 6469 7370 6c61 7969 6e67 2074 6865 t displaying the\n+0000ccf0: 206d 656e 752c 206f 7220 746f 20e2 8098 menu, or to ...\n+0000cd00: 2d31 e280 9920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7761 -1... to. wa\n+0000cd10: 6974 2069 6e64 6566 696e 6974 656c 792e it indefinitely.\n+0000cd20: 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 e280 9847 5255 .. If ...GRU\n+0000cd30: 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 5354 594c 45e2 B_TIMEOUT_STYLE.\n+0000cd40: 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 .. is set to ...\n+0000cd50: 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6ee2 8099 206f 7220 countdown... or \n+0000cd60: e280 9868 6964 6465 6ee2 8099 2c20 7468 ...hidden..., th\n+0000cd70: 650a 2020 2020 2074 696d 656f 7574 2069 e. timeout i\n+0000cd80: 7320 696e 7374 6561 6420 636f 756e 7465 s instead counte\n+0000cd90: 6420 6265 666f 7265 2074 6865 206d 656e d before the men\n+0000cda0: 7520 6973 2064 6973 706c 6179 6564 2e0a u is displayed..\n+0000cdb0: 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 ....GRUB_TIMEOUT\n+0000cdc0: 5f53 5459 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2049 _STYLE.... I\n+0000cdd0: 6620 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 f this option is\n+0000cde0: 2075 6e73 6574 206f 7220 7365 7420 746f unset or set to\n+0000cdf0: 20e2 8098 6d65 6e75 e280 992c 2074 6865 ...menu..., the\n+0000ce00: 6e20 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 6469 7370 n GRUB will disp\n+0000ce10: 6c61 790a 2020 2020 2074 6865 206d 656e lay. the men\n+0000ce20: 7520 616e 6420 7468 656e 2077 6169 7420 u and then wait \n+0000ce30: 666f 7220 7468 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 for the timeout \n+0000ce40: 7365 7420 6279 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 set by ...GRUB_T\n+0000ce50: 494d 454f 5554 e280 9920 746f 0a20 2020 IMEOUT... to. \n+0000ce60: 2020 6578 7069 7265 2062 6566 6f72 6520 expire before \n+0000ce70: 626f 6f74 696e 6720 7468 6520 6465 6661 booting the defa\n+0000ce80: 756c 7420 656e 7472 792e 2020 5072 6573 ult entry. Pres\n+0000ce90: 7369 6e67 2061 206b 6579 2069 6e74 6572 sing a key inter\n+0000cea0: 7275 7074 730a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2074 rupts. the t\n+0000ceb0: 696d 656f 7574 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 imeout... If\n+0000cec0: 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 this option is \n+0000ced0: 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 636f 756e 7464 set to ...countd\n+0000cee0: 6f77 6ee2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9868 6964 own... or ...hid\n+0000cef0: 6465 6ee2 8099 2c20 7468 656e 2c20 6265 den..., then, be\n+0000cf00: 666f 7265 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7370 6c61 fore. displa\n+0000cf10: 7969 6e67 2074 6865 206d 656e 752c 2047 ying the menu, G\n+0000cf20: 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2077 6169 7420 666f RUB will wait fo\n+0000cf30: 7220 7468 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 7365 r the timeout se\n+0000cf40: 7420 6279 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 t by. ...GRU\n+0000cf50: 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 2074 6f20 B_TIMEOUT... to \n+0000cf60: 6578 7069 7265 2e20 2049 6620 3c45 5343 expire. If or are pr\n+0000cf80: 6573 7365 642c 206f 7220 3c53 4849 4654 essed, or . is held d\n+0000cfa0: 6f77 6e20 6475 7269 6e67 2074 6861 7420 own during that \n+0000cfb0: 7469 6d65 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6469 time, it will di\n+0000cfc0: 7370 6c61 7920 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 splay the menu a\n+0000cfd0: 6e64 2077 6169 740a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 nd wait. for\n+0000cfe0: 2069 6e70 7574 2e20 2049 6620 6120 686f input. If a ho\n+0000cff0: 746b 6579 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 6420 tkey associated \n+0000d000: 7769 7468 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 with a menu entr\n+0000d010: 7920 6973 2070 7265 7373 6564 2c20 6974 y is pressed, it\n+0000d020: 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6f6f 7420 . will boot \n+0000d030: 7468 6520 6173 736f 6369 6174 6564 206d the associated m\n+0000d040: 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 696d 6d65 6469 enu entry immedi\n+0000d050: 6174 656c 792e 2020 4966 2074 6865 2074 ately. If the t\n+0000d060: 696d 656f 7574 0a20 2020 2020 6578 7069 imeout. expi\n+0000d070: 7265 7320 6265 666f 7265 2065 6974 6865 res before eithe\n+0000d080: 7220 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2068 6170 7065 r of these happe\n+0000d090: 6e73 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 626f 6f74 ns, it will boot\n+0000d0a0: 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 0a20 2020 the default. \n+0000d0b0: 2020 656e 7472 792e 2020 496e 2074 6865 entry. In the\n+0000d0c0: 20e2 8098 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6ee2 8099 ...countdown...\n+0000d0d0: 2063 6173 652c 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2073 case, it will s\n+0000d0e0: 686f 7720 6120 6f6e 652d 6c69 6e65 2069 how a one-line i\n+0000d0f0: 6e64 6963 6174 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 206f ndication. o\n+0000d100: 6620 7468 6520 7265 6d61 696e 696e 6720 f the remaining \n+0000d110: 7469 6d65 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 time......GRUB_D\n+0000d120: 4546 4155 4c54 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 EFAULT_BUTTON...\n+0000d130: 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 ....GRUB_TIMEOUT\n+0000d140: 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 0ae2 8098 4752 _BUTTON.......GR\n+0000d150: 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 UB_TIMEOUT_STYLE\n+0000d160: 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 0ae2 8098 4752 _BUTTON.......GR\n+0000d170: 5542 5f42 5554 544f 4e5f 434d 4f53 5f41 UB_BUTTON_CMOS_A\n+0000d180: 4444 5245 5353 e280 990a 2020 2020 2056 DDRESS.... V\n+0000d190: 6172 6961 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2063 ariants of the c\n+0000d1a0: 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 2076 6172 orresponding var\n+0000d1b0: 6961 626c 6573 2077 6974 686f 7574 2074 iables without t\n+0000d1c0: 6865 20e2 8098 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 he ..._BUTTON...\n+0000d1d0: 0a20 2020 2020 7375 6666 6978 2c20 7573 . suffix, us\n+0000d1e0: 6564 2074 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7665 ed to support ve\n+0000d1f0: 6e64 6f72 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 706f ndor-specific po\n+0000d200: 7765 7220 6275 7474 6f6e 732e 2020 2a4e wer buttons. *N\n+0000d210: 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2056 656e 646f 7220 ote. Vendor \n+0000d220: 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 733a 3a2e power-on keys::.\n+0000d230: 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5354 5249 .....GRUB_DISTRI\n+0000d240: 4255 544f 52e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5365 BUTOR.... Se\n+0000d250: 7420 6279 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 6f72 t by distributor\n+0000d260: 7320 6f66 2047 5255 4220 746f 2074 6865 s of GRUB to the\n+0000d270: 6972 2069 6465 6e74 6966 7969 6e67 206e ir identifying n\n+0000d280: 616d 652e 2020 5468 6973 2069 730a 2020 ame. This is. \n+0000d290: 2020 2075 7365 6420 746f 2067 656e 6572 used to gener\n+0000d2a0: 6174 6520 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 ate more informa\n+0000d2b0: 7469 7665 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 tive menu entry \n+0000d2c0: 7469 746c 6573 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 titles......GRUB\n+0000d2d0: 5f54 4552 4d49 4e41 4c5f 494e 5055 54e2 _TERMINAL_INPUT.\n+0000d2e0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5365 6c65 6374 2074 ... Select t\n+0000d2f0: 6865 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 696e 7075 he terminal inpu\n+0000d300: 7420 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2059 6f75 206d t device. You m\n+0000d310: 6179 2073 656c 6563 7420 6d75 6c74 6970 ay select multip\n+0000d320: 6c65 2064 6576 6963 6573 0a20 2020 2020 le devices. \n+0000d330: 6865 7265 2c20 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 here, separated \n+0000d340: 6279 2073 7061 6365 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 by spaces... \n+0000d350: 2056 616c 6964 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 Valid terminal \n+0000d360: 696e 7075 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 6465 7065 input names depe\n+0000d370: 6e64 206f 6e20 7468 6520 706c 6174 666f nd on the platfo\n+0000d380: 726d 2c20 6275 7420 6d61 7920 696e 636c rm, but may incl\n+0000d390: 7564 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 636f 6e73 ude. ...cons\n+0000d3a0: 6f6c 65e2 8099 2028 6e61 7469 7665 2070 ole... (native p\n+0000d3b0: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 636f 6e73 6f6c 6529 latform console)\n+0000d3c0: 2c20 e280 9873 6572 6961 6ce2 8099 2028 , ...serial... (\n+0000d3d0: 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c29 serial terminal)\n+0000d3e0: 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7365 7269 616c ,. ...serial\n+0000d3f0: 5f3c 706f 7274 3ee2 8099 2028 7365 7269 _... (seri\n+0000d400: 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 7468 al terminal with\n+0000d410: 2065 7870 6c69 6369 7420 706f 7274 2073 explicit port s\n+0000d420: 656c 6563 7469 6f6e 292c 0a20 2020 2020 election),. \n+0000d430: e280 9861 745f 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 e280 ...at_keyboard..\n+0000d440: 9920 2850 4320 4154 206b 6579 626f 6172 . (PC AT keyboar\n+0000d450: 6429 2c20 6f72 20e2 8098 7573 625f 6b65 d), or ...usb_ke\n+0000d460: 7962 6f61 7264 e280 9920 2855 5342 206b yboard... (USB k\n+0000d470: 6579 626f 6172 640a 2020 2020 2075 7369 eyboard. usi\n+0000d480: 6e67 2074 6865 2048 4944 2042 6f6f 7420 ng the HID Boot \n+0000d490: 5072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2c20 666f 7220 6361 Protocol, for ca\n+0000d4a0: 7365 7320 7768 6572 6520 7468 6520 6669 ses where the fi\n+0000d4b0: 726d 7761 7265 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 740a rmware does not.\n+0000d4c0: 2020 2020 2068 616e 646c 6520 7468 6973 handle this\n+0000d4d0: 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 )... The def\n+0000d4e0: 6175 6c74 2069 7320 746f 2075 7365 2074 ault is to use t\n+0000d4f0: 6865 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d27 7320 6e61 he platform's na\n+0000d500: 7469 7665 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 696e tive terminal in\n+0000d510: 7075 742e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 5445 put......GRUB_TE\n+0000d520: 524d 494e 414c 5f4f 5554 5055 54e2 8099 RMINAL_OUTPUT...\n+0000d530: 0a20 2020 2020 5365 6c65 6374 2074 6865 . Select the\n+0000d540: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6f75 7470 7574 terminal output\n+0000d550: 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 596f 7520 6d61 device. You ma\n+0000d560: 7920 7365 6c65 6374 206d 756c 7469 706c y select multipl\n+0000d570: 6520 6465 7669 6365 730a 2020 2020 2068 e devices. h\n+0000d580: 6572 652c 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 ere, separated b\n+0000d590: 7920 7370 6163 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 y spaces... \n+0000d5a0: 5661 6c69 6420 7465 726d 696e 616c 206f Valid terminal o\n+0000d5b0: 7574 7075 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 6465 7065 utput names depe\n+0000d5c0: 6e64 206f 6e20 7468 6520 706c 6174 666f nd on the platfo\n+0000d5d0: 726d 2c20 6275 7420 6d61 7920 696e 636c rm, but may incl\n+0000d5e0: 7564 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 636f 6e73 ude. ...cons\n+0000d5f0: 6f6c 65e2 8099 2028 6e61 7469 7665 2070 ole... (native p\n+0000d600: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 636f 6e73 6f6c 6529 latform console)\n+0000d610: 2c20 e280 9873 6572 6961 6ce2 8099 2028 , ...serial... (\n+0000d620: 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c29 serial terminal)\n+0000d630: 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7365 7269 616c ,. ...serial\n+0000d640: 5f3c 706f 7274 3ee2 8099 2028 7365 7269 _... (seri\n+0000d650: 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 7468 al terminal with\n+0000d660: 2065 7870 6c69 6369 7420 706f 7274 2073 explicit port s\n+0000d670: 656c 6563 7469 6f6e 292c 0a20 2020 2020 election),. \n+0000d680: e280 9867 6678 7465 726d e280 9920 2867 ...gfxterm... (g\n+0000d690: 7261 7068 6963 732d 6d6f 6465 206f 7574 raphics-mode out\n+0000d6a0: 7075 7429 2c20 e280 9876 6761 5f74 6578 put), ...vga_tex\n+0000d6b0: 74e2 8099 2028 5647 4120 7465 7874 206f t... (VGA text o\n+0000d6c0: 7574 7075 7429 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 utput),. ...\n+0000d6d0: 6d64 615f 7465 7874 e280 9920 284d 4441 mda_text... (MDA\n+0000d6e0: 2074 6578 7420 6f75 7470 7574 292c 20e2 text output), .\n+0000d6f0: 8098 6d6f 7273 65e2 8099 2028 4d6f 7273 ..morse... (Mors\n+0000d700: 652d 636f 6469 6e67 2075 7369 6e67 2073 e-coding using s\n+0000d710: 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2062 6565 7065 ystem. beepe\n+0000d720: 7229 206f 7220 e280 9873 706b 6d6f 6465 r) or ...spkmode\n+0000d730: 6de2 8099 2028 7369 6d70 6c65 2064 6174 m... (simple dat\n+0000d740: 6120 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2075 7369 6e67 a protocol using\n+0000d750: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7370 6561 6b65 7229 system speaker)\n+0000d760: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9873 706b 6d6f ... ...spkmo\n+0000d770: 6465 6de2 8099 2069 7320 7573 6566 756c dem... is useful\n+0000d780: 2077 6865 6e20 6e6f 2073 6572 6961 6c20 when no serial \n+0000d790: 706f 7274 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c port is availabl\n+0000d7a0: 652e 2020 436f 6e6e 6563 7420 7468 650a e. Connect the.\n+0000d7b0: 2020 2020 206f 7574 7075 7420 6f66 2073 output of s\n+0000d7c0: 656e 6469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 2877 ending system (w\n+0000d7d0: 6865 7265 2047 5255 4220 6973 2072 756e here GRUB is run\n+0000d7e0: 6e69 6e67 2920 746f 206c 696e 652d 696e ning) to line-in\n+0000d7f0: 206f 660a 2020 2020 2072 6563 6569 7669 of. receivi\n+0000d800: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 2875 7375 616c ng system (usual\n+0000d810: 6c79 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6572 206d 6163 ly developer mac\n+0000d820: 6869 6e65 292e 2020 4f6e 2072 6563 6569 hine). On recei\n+0000d830: 7669 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 ving system. \n+0000d840: 2063 6f6d 7069 6c65 20e2 8098 7370 6b6d compile ...spkm\n+0000d850: 6f64 656d 2d72 6563 76e2 8099 2066 726f odem-recv... fro\n+0000d860: 6d20 e280 9875 7469 6c2f 7370 6b6d 6f64 m ...util/spkmod\n+0000d870: 656d 2d72 6563 762e 63e2 8099 2061 6e64 em-recv.c... and\n+0000d880: 2072 756e 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 run:.. \n+0000d890: 2070 6172 6563 6f72 6420 2d2d 6368 616e parecord --chan\n+0000d8a0: 6e65 6c73 3d31 202d 2d72 6174 653d 3438 nels=1 --rate=48\n+0000d8b0: 3030 3020 2d2d 666f 726d 6174 3d73 3136 000 --format=s16\n+0000d8c0: 6c65 207c 202e 2f73 706b 6d6f 6465 6d2d le | ./spkmodem-\n+0000d8d0: 7265 6376 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 recv.. The d\n+0000d8e0: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 746f 2075 7365 efault is to use\n+0000d8f0: 2074 6865 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d27 7320 the platform's \n+0000d900: 6e61 7469 7665 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 native terminal \n+0000d910: 6f75 7470 7574 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 output......GRUB\n+0000d920: 5f54 4552 4d49 4e41 4ce2 8099 0a20 2020 _TERMINAL.... \n+0000d930: 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e If this option\n+0000d940: 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 6f76 6572 is set, it over\n+0000d950: 7269 6465 7320 626f 7468 20e2 8098 4752 rides both ...GR\n+0000d960: 5542 5f54 4552 4d49 4e41 4c5f 494e 5055 UB_TERMINAL_INPU\n+0000d970: 54e2 8099 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 e280 T... and. ..\n+0000d980: 9847 5255 425f 5445 524d 494e 414c 5f4f .GRUB_TERMINAL_O\n+0000d990: 5554 5055 54e2 8099 2074 6f20 7468 6520 UTPUT... to the \n+0000d9a0: 7361 6d65 2076 616c 7565 2e0a 0ae2 8098 same value......\n+0000d9b0: 4752 5542 5f53 4552 4941 4c5f 434f 4d4d GRUB_SERIAL_COMM\n+0000d9c0: 414e 44e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4120 636f AND.... A co\n+0000d9d0: 6d6d 616e 6420 746f 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 mmand to configu\n+0000d9e0: 7265 2074 6865 2073 6572 6961 6c20 706f re the serial po\n+0000d9f0: 7274 2077 6865 6e20 7573 696e 6720 7468 rt when using th\n+0000da00: 6520 7365 7269 616c 0a20 2020 2020 636f e serial. co\n+0000da10: 6e73 6f6c 652e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 7365 nsole. *Note se\n+0000da20: 7269 616c 3a3a 2e20 2044 6566 6175 6c74 rial::. Default\n+0000da30: 7320 746f 20e2 8098 7365 7269 616c e280 s to ...serial..\n+0000da40: 992e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c .......GRUB_CMDL\n+0000da50: 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 0a20 2020 INE_LINUX.... \n+0000da60: 2020 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2061 Command-line a\n+0000da70: 7267 756d 656e 7473 2074 6f20 6164 6420 rguments to add \n+0000da80: 746f 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 to menu entries \n+0000da90: 666f 7220 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 for the Linux ke\n+0000daa0: 726e 656c 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 rnel......GRUB_C\n+0000dab0: 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f44 4546 MDLINE_LINUX_DEF\n+0000dac0: 4155 4c54 e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 6e6c AULT.... Unl\n+0000dad0: 6573 7320 e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 ess ...GRUB_DISA\n+0000dae0: 424c 455f 5245 434f 5645 5259 e280 9920 BLE_RECOVERY... \n+0000daf0: 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 is set to ...tru\n+0000db00: 65e2 8099 2c20 7477 6f20 6d65 6e75 2065 e..., two menu e\n+0000db10: 6e74 7269 6573 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c ntries. will\n+0000db20: 2062 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 666f be generated fo\n+0000db30: 7220 6561 6368 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 r each Linux ker\n+0000db40: 6e65 6c3a 206f 6e65 2064 6566 6175 6c74 nel: one default\n+0000db50: 2065 6e74 7279 2061 6e64 206f 6e65 0a20 entry and one. \n+0000db60: 2020 2020 656e 7472 7920 666f 7220 7265 entry for re\n+0000db70: 636f 7665 7279 206d 6f64 652e 2020 5468 covery mode. Th\n+0000db80: 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6c69 7374 7320 is option lists \n+0000db90: 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2061 7267 command-line arg\n+0000dba0: 756d 656e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2061 uments. to a\n+0000dbb0: 6464 206f 6e6c 7920 746f 2074 6865 2064 dd only to the d\n+0000dbc0: 6566 6175 6c74 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 efault menu entr\n+0000dbd0: 792c 2061 6674 6572 2074 686f 7365 206c y, after those l\n+0000dbe0: 6973 7465 6420 696e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 isted in. ..\n+0000dbf0: 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f 4c49 .GRUB_CMDLINE_LI\n+0000dc00: 4e55 58e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 NUX.........GRUB\n+0000dc10: 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f52 _CMDLINE_LINUX_R\n+0000dc20: 4543 4f56 4552 59e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 ECOVERY.... \n+0000dc30: 556e 6c65 7373 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 Unless ...GRUB_D\n+0000dc40: 4953 4142 4c45 5f52 4543 4f56 4552 59e2 ISABLE_RECOVERY.\n+0000dc50: 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 .. is set to ...\n+0000dc60: 7472 7565 e280 992c 2074 776f 206d 656e true..., two men\n+0000dc70: 7520 656e 7472 6965 730a 2020 2020 2077 u entries. w\n+0000dc80: 696c 6c20 6265 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 ill be generated\n+0000dc90: 2066 6f72 2065 6163 6820 4c69 6e75 7820 for each Linux \n+0000dca0: 6b65 726e 656c 3a20 6f6e 6520 6465 6661 kernel: one defa\n+0000dcb0: 756c 7420 656e 7472 7920 616e 6420 6f6e ult entry and on\n+0000dcc0: 650a 2020 2020 2065 6e74 7279 2066 6f72 e. entry for\n+0000dcd0: 2072 6563 6f76 6572 7920 6d6f 6465 2e20 recovery mode. \n+0000dce0: 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 206c 6973 This option lis\n+0000dcf0: 7473 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 ts command-line \n+0000dd00: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 730a 2020 2020 2074 arguments. t\n+0000dd10: 6f20 6164 6420 6f6e 6c79 2074 6f20 7468 o add only to th\n+0000dd20: 6520 7265 636f 7665 7279 206d 656e 7520 e recovery menu \n+0000dd30: 656e 7472 792c 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7468 entry, before th\n+0000dd40: 6f73 6520 6c69 7374 6564 2069 6e0a 2020 ose listed in. \n+0000dd50: 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 ...GRUB_CMDLI\n+0000dd60: 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 e280 992e 2020 5468 NE_LINUX.... Th\n+0000dd70: 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 20e2 8098 e default is ...\n+0000dd80: 7369 6e67 6c65 e280 992e 0a0a e280 9847 single.........G\n+0000dd90: 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f 4e45 5442 RUB_CMDLINE_NETB\n+0000dda0: 5344 e280 990a e280 9847 5255 425f 434d SD.......GRUB_CM\n+0000ddb0: 444c 494e 455f 4e45 5442 5344 5f44 4546 DLINE_NETBSD_DEF\n+0000ddc0: 4155 4c54 e280 990a 2020 2020 2041 7320 AULT.... As \n+0000ddd0: e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f ...GRUB_CMDLINE_\n+0000dde0: 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 LINUX... and ...\n+0000ddf0: 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e GRUB_CMDLINE_LIN\n+0000de00: 5558 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 e280 992c 2062 UX_DEFAULT..., b\n+0000de10: 7574 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 4e65 7442 ut for. NetB\n+0000de20: 5344 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 SD......GRUB_CMD\n+0000de30: 4c49 4e45 5f47 4e55 4d41 4348 e280 990a LINE_GNUMACH....\n+0000de40: 2020 2020 2041 7320 e280 9847 5255 425f As ...GRUB_\n+0000de50: 434d 444c 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 CMDLINE_LINUX...\n+0000de60: 2c20 6275 7420 666f 7220 474e 5520 4d61 , but for GNU Ma\n+0000de70: 6368 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 ch......GRUB_CMD\n+0000de80: 4c49 4e45 5f58 454e e280 990a e280 9847 LINE_XEN.......G\n+0000de90: 5255 425f 434d 444c 494e 455f 5845 4e5f RUB_CMDLINE_XEN_\n+0000dea0: 4445 4641 554c 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 DEFAULT.... \n+0000deb0: 5468 6520 7661 6c75 6573 206f 6620 7468 The values of th\n+0000dec0: 6573 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 ese options are \n+0000ded0: 7061 7373 6564 2074 6f20 5865 6e20 6879 passed to Xen hy\n+0000dee0: 7065 7276 6973 6f72 2058 656e 206d 656e pervisor Xen men\n+0000def0: 750a 2020 2020 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2c20 u. entries, \n+0000df00: 666f 7220 616c 6c20 7265 7370 6563 7469 for all respecti\n+0000df10: 7665 6c79 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 656e 7472 vely normal entr\n+0000df20: 6965 732e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 434d ies......GRUB_CM\n+0000df30: 444c 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 585f 5845 4e5f DLINE_LINUX_XEN_\n+0000df40: 5245 504c 4143 45e2 8099 0ae2 8098 4752 REPLACE.......GR\n+0000df50: 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 5f4c 494e 5558 UB_CMDLINE_LINUX\n+0000df60: 5f58 454e 5f52 4550 4c41 4345 5f44 4546 _XEN_REPLACE_DEF\n+0000df70: 4155 4c54 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 AULT.... The\n+0000df80: 2076 616c 7565 7320 6f66 2074 6865 7365 values of these\n+0000df90: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2072 6570 6c61 6365 options replace\n+0000dfa0: 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 7320 6f66 0a20 the values of. \n+0000dfb0: 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f 434d 444c ...GRUB_CMDL\n+0000dfc0: 494e 455f 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 2061 6e64 INE_LINUX... and\n+0000dfd0: 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f43 4d44 4c49 4e45 ...GRUB_CMDLINE\n+0000dfe0: 5f4c 494e 5558 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 e280 _LINUX_DEFAULT..\n+0000dff0: 9920 666f 7220 4c69 6e75 7820 616e 640a . for Linux and.\n+0000e000: 2020 2020 2058 656e 206d 656e 7520 656e Xen menu en\n+0000e010: 7472 6965 732e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f tries......GRUB_\n+0000e020: 544f 505f 4c45 5645 4ce2 8099 0ae2 8098 TOP_LEVEL.......\n+0000e030: 4752 5542 5f54 4f50 5f4c 4556 454c 5f58 GRUB_TOP_LEVEL_X\n+0000e040: 454e e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 EN.... This \n+0000e050: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 option should be\n+0000e060: 2061 6e20 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2070 6174 an absolute pat\n+0000e070: 6820 746f 2061 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d h to a kernel im\n+0000e080: 6167 652e 2020 4966 0a20 2020 2020 7072 age. If. pr\n+0000e090: 6f76 6964 6564 2c20 7468 6520 696d 6167 ovided, the imag\n+0000e0a0: 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 7769 6c6c e specified will\n+0000e0b0: 2062 6520 6d61 6465 2074 6865 2074 6f70 be made the top\n+0000e0c0: 2d6c 6576 656c 2065 6e74 7279 2069 660a -level entry if.\n+0000e0d0: 2020 2020 2069 7420 6973 2066 6f75 6e64 it is found\n+0000e0e0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7363 616e 2e0a 0ae2 in the scan....\n+0000e0f0: 8098 4752 5542 5f54 4f50 5f4c 4556 454c ..GRUB_TOP_LEVEL\n+0000e100: 5f4f 535f 5052 4f42 4552 e280 990a 2020 _OS_PROBER.... \n+0000e110: 2020 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2073 This option s\n+0000e120: 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 206c 696e 6520 hould be a line \n+0000e130: 6f66 206f 7574 7075 7420 6672 6f6d 20e2 of output from .\n+0000e140: 8098 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 72e2 8099 2e20 ..os-prober.... \n+0000e150: 2041 730a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 As. ...GRUB\n+0000e160: 5f54 4f50 5f4c 4556 454c e280 992c 2069 _TOP_LEVEL..., i\n+0000e170: 6620 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2c20 7468 6520 f provided, the \n+0000e180: 696d 6167 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 image specified \n+0000e190: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6d61 6465 2074 6865 will be made the\n+0000e1a0: 0a20 2020 2020 746f 702d 6c65 7665 6c20 . top-level \n+0000e1b0: 656e 7472 7920 6966 2069 7420 6973 2066 entry if it is f\n+0000e1c0: 6f75 6e64 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7363 616e ound in the scan\n+0000e1d0: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f45 4152 4c59 ......GRUB_EARLY\n+0000e1e0: 5f49 4e49 5452 445f 4c49 4e55 585f 4355 _INITRD_LINUX_CU\n+0000e1f0: 5354 4f4d e280 990a e280 9847 5255 425f STOM.......GRUB_\n+0000e200: 4541 524c 595f 494e 4954 5244 5f4c 494e EARLY_INITRD_LIN\n+0000e210: 5558 5f53 544f 434b e280 990a 2020 2020 UX_STOCK.... \n+0000e220: 204c 6973 7420 6f66 2073 7061 6365 2d73 List of space-s\n+0000e230: 6570 6172 6174 6564 2065 6172 6c79 2069 eparated early i\n+0000e240: 6e69 7472 6420 696d 6167 6573 2074 6f20 nitrd images to \n+0000e250: 6265 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6672 6f6d 0a20 be loaded from. \n+0000e260: 2020 2020 e280 982f 626f 6f74 e280 992e .../boot....\n+0000e270: 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 666f 7220 6c6f This is for lo\n+0000e280: 6164 696e 6720 7468 696e 6773 206c 696b ading things lik\n+0000e290: 6520 4350 5520 6d69 6372 6f63 6f64 652c e CPU microcode,\n+0000e2a0: 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652c 0a20 2020 2020 firmware,. \n+0000e2b0: 4143 5049 2074 6162 6c65 732c 2063 7279 ACPI tables, cry\n+0000e2c0: 7074 6f20 6b65 7973 2c20 616e 6420 736f pto keys, and so\n+0000e2d0: 206f 6e2e 2020 5468 6573 6520 6561 726c on. These earl\n+0000e2e0: 7920 696d 6167 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6265 y images will be\n+0000e2f0: 0a20 2020 2020 6c6f 6164 6564 2069 6e20 . loaded in \n+0000e300: 7468 6520 6f72 6465 7220 6465 636c 6172 the order declar\n+0000e310: 6564 2c20 616e 6420 616c 6c20 7769 6c6c ed, and all will\n+0000e320: 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 6566 6f72 be loaded befor\n+0000e330: 6520 7468 650a 2020 2020 2061 6374 7561 e the. actua\n+0000e340: 6c20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 2069 6e69 l functional ini\n+0000e350: 7472 6420 696d 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 trd image... \n+0000e360: 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f45 4152 4c59 5f49 ...GRUB_EARLY_I\n+0000e370: 4e49 5452 445f 4c49 4e55 585f 5354 4f43 NITRD_LINUX_STOC\n+0000e380: 4be2 8099 2069 7320 666f 7220 796f 7572 K... is for your\n+0000e390: 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e20 746f distribution to\n+0000e3a0: 2064 6563 6c61 7265 0a20 2020 2020 696d declare. im\n+0000e3b0: 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 7072 ages that are pr\n+0000e3c0: 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 6469 ovided by the di\n+0000e3d0: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 7420 stribution. It \n+0000e3e0: 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2062 650a 2020 should not be. \n+0000e3f0: 2020 206d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 7769 7468 modified with\n+0000e400: 6f75 7420 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 696e out understandin\n+0000e410: 6720 7468 6520 636f 6e73 6571 7565 6e63 g the consequenc\n+0000e420: 6573 2e20 2054 6865 7920 7769 6c6c 2062 es. They will b\n+0000e430: 650a 2020 2020 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6669 e. loaded fi\n+0000e440: 7273 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 rst... ...GR\n+0000e450: 5542 5f45 4152 4c59 5f49 4e49 5452 445f UB_EARLY_INITRD_\n+0000e460: 4c49 4e55 585f 4355 5354 4f4d e280 9920 LINUX_CUSTOM... \n+0000e470: 6973 2066 6f72 2079 6f75 7220 6375 7374 is for your cust\n+0000e480: 6f6d 2063 7265 6174 6564 2069 6d61 6765 om created image\n+0000e490: 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 s... The def\n+0000e4a0: 6175 6c74 2073 746f 636b 2069 6d61 6765 ault stock image\n+0000e4b0: 7320 6172 6520 6173 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7773 s are as follows\n+0000e4c0: 2c20 7468 6f75 6768 2074 6865 7920 6d61 , though they ma\n+0000e4d0: 7920 6265 0a20 2020 2020 6f76 6572 7269 y be. overri\n+0000e4e0: 6464 656e 2062 7920 796f 7572 2064 6973 dden by your dis\n+0000e4f0: 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e3a 0a20 2020 2020 tribution:. \n+0000e500: 2020 2020 2069 6e74 656c 2d75 632e 696d intel-uc.im\n+0000e510: 6720 696e 7465 6c2d 7563 6f64 652e 696d g intel-ucode.im\n+0000e520: 6720 616d 642d 7563 2e69 6d67 2061 6d64 g amd-uc.img amd\n+0000e530: 2d75 636f 6465 2e69 6d67 2065 6172 6c79 -ucode.img early\n+0000e540: 5f75 636f 6465 2e63 7069 6f20 6d69 6372 _ucode.cpio micr\n+0000e550: 6f63 6f64 652e 6370 696f 0a0a e280 9847 ocode.cpio.....G\n+0000e560: 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 RUB_DISABLE_LINU\n+0000e570: 585f 5555 4944 e280 990a 2020 2020 204e X_UUID.... N\n+0000e580: 6f72 6d61 6c6c 792c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 ormally, ...grub\n+0000e590: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2077 696c -mkconfig... wil\n+0000e5a0: 6c20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 206d 656e 7520 l generate menu \n+0000e5b0: 656e 7472 6965 7320 7468 6174 2075 7365 entries that use\n+0000e5c0: 0a20 2020 2020 756e 6976 6572 7361 6c6c . universall\n+0000e5d0: 792d 756e 6971 7565 2069 6465 6e74 6966 y-unique identif\n+0000e5e0: 6965 7273 2028 5555 4944 7329 2074 6f20 iers (UUIDs) to \n+0000e5f0: 6964 656e 7469 6679 2074 6865 2072 6f6f identify the roo\n+0000e600: 740a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 t. filesyste\n+0000e610: 6d20 746f 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 206b m to the Linux k\n+0000e620: 6572 6e65 6c2c 2075 7369 6e67 2061 20e2 ernel, using a .\n+0000e630: 8098 726f 6f74 3d55 5549 443d 2e2e 2ee2 ..root=UUID=....\n+0000e640: 8099 206b 6572 6e65 6c0a 2020 2020 2070 .. kernel. p\n+0000e650: 6172 616d 6574 6572 2e20 2054 6869 7320 arameter. This \n+0000e660: 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 206d 6f72 6520 is usually more \n+0000e670: 7265 6c69 6162 6c65 2c20 6275 7420 696e reliable, but in\n+0000e680: 2073 6f6d 6520 6361 7365 7320 6974 206d some cases it m\n+0000e690: 6179 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 ay. not be a\n+0000e6a0: 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2e20 2054 6f20 ppropriate. To \n+0000e6b0: 6469 7361 626c 6520 7468 6520 7573 6520 disable the use \n+0000e6c0: 6f66 2055 5549 4473 2c20 7365 7420 7468 of UUIDs, set th\n+0000e6d0: 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 is option. t\n+0000e6e0: 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 o ...true.......\n+0000e6f0: 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 5f4c ..GRUB_DISABLE_L\n+0000e700: 494e 5558 5f50 4152 5455 5549 44e2 8099 INUX_PARTUUID...\n+0000e710: 0a20 2020 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6772 7562 . If ...grub\n+0000e720: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2063 616e -mkconfig... can\n+0000e730: 6e6f 7420 6964 656e 7469 6679 2074 6865 not identify the\n+0000e740: 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d root filesystem\n+0000e750: 2076 6961 2069 7473 0a20 2020 2020 756e via its. un\n+0000e760: 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 792d 756e 6971 7565 iversally-unique\n+0000e770: 2069 6e64 656e 7469 6669 6572 2028 5555 indentifier (UU\n+0000e780: 4944 292c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 ID), ...grub-mkc\n+0000e790: 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2063 616e 2075 7365 onfig... can use\n+0000e7a0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 5555 4944 206f the. UUID o\n+0000e7b0: 6620 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 f the partition \n+0000e7c0: 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 2066 containing the f\n+0000e7d0: 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 746f 2069 6465 ilesystem to ide\n+0000e7e0: 6e74 6966 7920 7468 650a 2020 2020 2072 ntify the. r\n+0000e7f0: 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2074 oot filesystem t\n+0000e800: 6f20 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e o the Linux kern\n+0000e810: 656c 2076 6961 2061 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 el via a ...root\n+0000e820: 3d50 4152 5455 5549 443d 2e2e 2ee2 8099 =PARTUUID=......\n+0000e830: 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2070 6172 . kernel par\n+0000e840: 616d 6574 6572 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 ameter. This is\n+0000e850: 206e 6f74 2061 7320 7265 6c69 6162 6c65 not as reliable\n+0000e860: 2061 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 6669 as using the fi\n+0000e870: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 0a20 2020 2020 5555 lesystem. UU\n+0000e880: 4944 2c20 6275 7420 6973 206d 6f72 6520 ID, but is more \n+0000e890: 7265 6c69 6162 6c65 2074 6861 6e20 7573 reliable than us\n+0000e8a0: 696e 6720 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6465 ing the Linux de\n+0000e8b0: 7669 6365 206e 616d 6573 2e20 2057 6865 vice names. Whe\n+0000e8c0: 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 n. ...GRUB_D\n+0000e8d0: 4953 4142 4c45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f50 4152 ISABLE_LINUX_PAR\n+0000e8e0: 5455 5549 44e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 TUUID... is set \n+0000e8f0: 746f 20e2 8098 6661 6c73 65e2 8099 2c20 to ...false..., \n+0000e900: 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c the Linux kernel\n+0000e910: 0a20 2020 2020 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6d75 . version mu\n+0000e920: 7374 2062 6520 322e 362e 3337 2028 332e st be 2.6.37 (3.\n+0000e930: 3130 2066 6f72 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2075 10 for systems u\n+0000e940: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 204d 5344 4f53 2070 sing the MSDOS p\n+0000e950: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 7363 artition. sc\n+0000e960: 6865 6d65 2920 6f72 206e 6577 6572 2e20 heme) or newer. \n+0000e970: 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2064 6566 This option def\n+0000e980: 6175 6c74 7320 746f 20e2 8098 7472 7565 aults to ...true\n+0000e990: e280 992e 2020 546f 2065 6e61 626c 6520 .... To enable \n+0000e9a0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2075 7365 206f 6620 the. use of \n+0000e9b0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 5555 4944 732c partition UUIDs,\n+0000e9c0: 2073 6574 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e set this option\n+0000e9d0: 2074 6f20 e280 9866 616c 7365 e280 992e to ...false....\n+0000e9e0: 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c .....GRUB_DISABL\n+0000e9f0: 455f 5245 434f 5645 5259 e280 990a 2020 E_RECOVERY.... \n+0000ea00: 2020 2049 6620 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f If this optio\n+0000ea10: 6e20 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 n is set to ...t\n+0000ea20: 7275 65e2 8099 2c20 6469 7361 626c 6520 rue..., disable \n+0000ea30: 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7469 6f6e 206f the generation o\n+0000ea40: 6620 7265 636f 7665 7279 0a20 2020 2020 f recovery. \n+0000ea50: 6d6f 6465 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 mode menu entrie\n+0000ea60: 732e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 s......GRUB_DISA\n+0000ea70: 424c 455f 5555 4944 e280 990a 2020 2020 BLE_UUID.... \n+0000ea80: 204e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 792c 20e2 8098 6772 Normally, ...gr\n+0000ea90: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2077 ub-mkconfig... w\n+0000eaa0: 696c 6c20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 206d 656e ill generate men\n+0000eab0: 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 7468 6174 2075 u entries that u\n+0000eac0: 7365 0a20 2020 2020 756e 6976 6572 7361 se. universa\n+0000ead0: 6c6c 792d 756e 6971 7565 2069 6465 6e74 lly-unique ident\n+0000eae0: 6966 6965 7273 2028 5555 4944 7329 2074 ifiers (UUIDs) t\n+0000eaf0: 6f20 6964 656e 7469 6679 2076 6172 696f o identify vario\n+0000eb00: 7573 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 7379 7374 us. filesyst\n+0000eb10: 656d 7320 746f 2073 6561 7263 6820 666f ems to search fo\n+0000eb20: 7220 6669 6c65 732e 2020 5468 6973 2069 r files. This i\n+0000eb30: 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6d6f 7265 2072 s usually more r\n+0000eb40: 656c 6961 626c 652c 0a20 2020 2020 6275 eliable,. bu\n+0000eb50: 7420 696e 2073 6f6d 6520 6361 7365 7320 t in some cases \n+0000eb60: 6974 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6170 it may not be ap\n+0000eb70: 7072 6f70 7269 6174 652e 2020 546f 2064 propriate. To d\n+0000eb80: 6973 6162 6c65 2074 6869 7320 7573 650a isable this use.\n+0000eb90: 2020 2020 206f 6620 5555 4944 732c 2073 of UUIDs, s\n+0000eba0: 6574 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2074 et this option t\n+0000ebb0: 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2e20 2053 o ...true.... S\n+0000ebc0: 6574 7469 6e67 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 etting this opti\n+0000ebd0: 6f6e 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7472 on to. ...tr\n+0000ebe0: 7565 e280 992c 2077 696c 6c20 616c 736f ue..., will also\n+0000ebf0: 2073 6574 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e73 set the options\n+0000ec00: 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 ...GRUB_DISABLE\n+0000ec10: 5f4c 494e 5558 5f55 5549 44e2 8099 2061 _LINUX_UUID... a\n+0000ec20: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f nd. ...GRUB_\n+0000ec30: 4449 5341 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 585f 5041 DISABLE_LINUX_PA\n+0000ec40: 5254 5555 4944 e280 9920 746f 20e2 8098 RTUUID... to ...\n+0000ec50: 7472 7565 e280 992c 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 true..., unless \n+0000ec60: 7468 6579 2068 6176 6520 6265 656e 0a20 they have been. \n+0000ec70: 2020 2020 6578 706c 6963 696c 7479 2073 explicilty s\n+0000ec80: 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9866 616c 7365 e280 et to ...false..\n+0000ec90: 992e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 5649 4445 .......GRUB_VIDE\n+0000eca0: 4f5f 4241 434b 454e 44e2 8099 0a20 2020 O_BACKEND.... \n+0000ecb0: 2020 4966 2067 7261 7068 6963 616c 2076 If graphical v\n+0000ecc0: 6964 656f 2073 7570 706f 7274 2069 7320 ideo support is \n+0000ecd0: 7265 7175 6972 6564 2c20 6569 7468 6572 required, either\n+0000ece0: 2062 6563 6175 7365 2074 6865 0a20 2020 because the. \n+0000ecf0: 2020 e280 9867 6678 7465 726d e280 9920 ...gfxterm... \n+0000ed00: 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c20 7465 726d 696e graphical termin\n+0000ed10: 616c 2069 7320 696e 2075 7365 206f 7220 al is in use or \n+0000ed20: 6265 6361 7573 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 because. ...\n+0000ed30: 4752 5542 5f47 4658 5041 594c 4f41 445f GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD_\n+0000ed40: 4c49 4e55 58e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 742c LINUX... is set,\n+0000ed50: 2074 6865 6e20 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b then ...grub-mk\n+0000ed60: 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 206e config... will n\n+0000ed70: 6f72 6d61 6c6c 790a 2020 2020 206c 6f61 ormally. loa\n+0000ed80: 6420 616c 6c20 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 d all available \n+0000ed90: 4752 5542 2076 6964 656f 2064 7269 7665 GRUB video drive\n+0000eda0: 7273 2061 6e64 2075 7365 2074 6865 206f rs and use the o\n+0000edb0: 6e65 206d 6f73 740a 2020 2020 2061 7070 ne most. app\n+0000edc0: 726f 7072 6961 7465 2066 6f72 2079 6f75 ropriate for you\n+0000edd0: 7220 6861 7264 7761 7265 2e20 2049 6620 r hardware. If \n+0000ede0: 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6f76 6572 you need to over\n+0000edf0: 7269 6465 2074 6869 7320 666f 720a 2020 ride this for. \n+0000ee00: 2020 2073 6f6d 6520 7265 6173 6f6e 2c20 some reason, \n+0000ee10: 7468 656e 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2073 6574 then you can set\n+0000ee20: 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 this option... \n+0000ee30: 2020 2020 4166 7465 7220 e280 9867 7275 After ...gru\n+0000ee40: 622d 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2068 6173 b-install... has\n+0000ee50: 2062 6565 6e20 7275 6e2c 2074 6865 2061 been run, the a\n+0000ee60: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2076 6964 656f 2064 vailable video d\n+0000ee70: 7269 7665 7273 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 rivers are. \n+0000ee80: 6c69 7374 6564 2069 6e20 e280 982f 626f listed in .../bo\n+0000ee90: 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 7669 6465 6f2e 6c73 ot/grub/video.ls\n+0000eea0: 74e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f47 t.........GRUB_G\n+0000eeb0: 4658 4d4f 4445 e280 990a 2020 2020 2053 FXMODE.... S\n+0000eec0: 6574 2074 6865 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f et the resolutio\n+0000eed0: 6e20 7573 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 e280 n used on the ..\n+0000eee0: 9867 6678 7465 726d e280 9920 6772 6170 .gfxterm... grap\n+0000eef0: 6869 6361 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c 2e20 hical terminal. \n+0000ef00: 204e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 Note. that \n+0000ef10: 796f 7520 6361 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 you can only use\n+0000ef20: 206d 6f64 6573 2077 6869 6368 2079 6f75 modes which you\n+0000ef30: 7220 6772 6170 6869 6373 2063 6172 6420 r graphics card \n+0000ef40: 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2076 6961 0a20 2020 supports via. \n+0000ef50: 2020 5645 5341 2042 494f 5320 4578 7465 VESA BIOS Exte\n+0000ef60: 6e73 696f 6e73 2028 5642 4529 2c20 736f nsions (VBE), so\n+0000ef70: 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 206e 6174 for example nat\n+0000ef80: 6976 6520 4c43 4420 7061 6e65 6c0a 2020 ive LCD panel. \n+0000ef90: 2020 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e73 206d resolutions m\n+0000efa0: 6179 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6176 6169 6c61 ay not be availa\n+0000efb0: 626c 652e 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c ble. The defaul\n+0000efc0: 7420 6973 20e2 8098 6175 746f e280 992c t is ...auto...,\n+0000efd0: 2077 6869 6368 0a20 2020 2020 7472 6965 which. trie\n+0000efe0: 7320 746f 2073 656c 6563 7420 6120 7072 s to select a pr\n+0000eff0: 6566 6572 7265 6420 7265 736f 6c75 7469 eferred resoluti\n+0000f000: 6f6e 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2067 6678 6d6f on. *Note gfxmo\n+0000f010: 6465 3a3a 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f42 de::......GRUB_B\n+0000f020: 4143 4b47 524f 554e 44e2 8099 0a20 2020 ACKGROUND.... \n+0000f030: 2020 5365 7420 6120 6261 636b 6772 6f75 Set a backgrou\n+0000f040: 6e64 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 2075 7365 nd image for use\n+0000f050: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 e280 9867 6678 with the ...gfx\n+0000f060: 7465 726d e280 9920 6772 6170 6869 6361 term... graphica\n+0000f070: 6c0a 2020 2020 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e l. terminal.\n+0000f080: 2020 5468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 The value of t\n+0000f090: 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 206d 7573 7420 his option must \n+0000f0a0: 6265 2061 2066 696c 6520 7265 6164 6162 be a file readab\n+0000f0b0: 6c65 2062 7920 4752 5542 0a20 2020 2020 le by GRUB. \n+0000f0c0: 6174 2062 6f6f 7420 7469 6d65 2c20 616e at boot time, an\n+0000f0d0: 6420 6974 206d 7573 7420 656e 6420 7769 d it must end wi\n+0000f0e0: 7468 20e2 8098 2e70 6e67 e280 992c 20e2 th ....png..., .\n+0000f0f0: 8098 2e74 6761 e280 992c 20e2 8098 2e6a ...tga..., ....j\n+0000f100: 7067 e280 992c 206f 720a 2020 2020 20e2 pg..., or. .\n+0000f110: 8098 2e6a 7065 67e2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 ...jpeg.... The\n+0000f120: 2069 6d61 6765 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 image will be s\n+0000f130: 6361 6c65 6420 6966 206e 6563 6573 7361 caled if necessa\n+0000f140: 7279 2074 6f20 6669 7420 7468 6520 7363 ry to fit the sc\n+0000f150: 7265 656e 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 6d61 6765 reen.. Image\n+0000f160: 2068 6569 6768 7420 616e 6420 7769 6474 height and widt\n+0000f170: 6820 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7265 7374 7269 h will be restri\n+0000f180: 6374 6564 2062 7920 616e 2061 7274 6966 cted by an artif\n+0000f190: 6963 6961 6c20 6c69 6d69 7420 6f66 0a20 icial limit of. \n+0000f1a0: 2020 2020 3136 3338 342e 0a0a e280 9847 16384......G\n+0000f1b0: 5255 425f 5448 454d 45e2 8099 0a20 2020 RUB_THEME.... \n+0000f1c0: 2020 5365 7420 6120 7468 656d 6520 666f Set a theme fo\n+0000f1d0: 7220 7573 6520 7769 7468 2074 6865 20e2 r use with the .\n+0000f1e0: 8098 6766 7874 6572 6de2 8099 2067 7261 ..gfxterm... gra\n+0000f1f0: 7068 6963 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e phical terminal.\n+0000f200: 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4746 5850 4159 .....GRUB_GFXPAY\n+0000f210: 4c4f 4144 5f4c 494e 5558 e280 990a 2020 LOAD_LINUX.... \n+0000f220: 2020 2053 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 6578 Set to ...tex\n+0000f230: 74e2 8099 2074 6f20 666f 7263 6520 7468 t... to force th\n+0000f240: 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c 2074 e Linux kernel t\n+0000f250: 6f20 626f 6f74 2069 6e20 6e6f 726d 616c o boot in normal\n+0000f260: 2074 6578 740a 2020 2020 206d 6f64 652c text. mode,\n+0000f270: 20e2 8098 6b65 6570 e280 9920 746f 2070 ...keep... to p\n+0000f280: 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 6520 6772 6170 reserve the grap\n+0000f290: 6869 6373 206d 6f64 6520 7365 7420 7573 hics mode set us\n+0000f2a0: 696e 670a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 ing. ...GRUB\n+0000f2b0: 5f47 4658 4d4f 4445 e280 992c 20e2 8098 _GFXMODE..., ...\n+0000f2c0: 5749 4454 4878 4845 4947 4854 e280 995b WIDTHxHEIGHT...[\n+0000f2d0: e280 9878 4445 5054 48e2 8099 5d20 746f ...xDEPTH...] to\n+0000f2e0: 2073 6574 2061 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 set a particula\n+0000f2f0: 720a 2020 2020 2067 7261 7068 6963 7320 r. graphics \n+0000f300: 6d6f 6465 2c20 6f72 2061 2073 6571 7565 mode, or a seque\n+0000f310: 6e63 6520 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2073 6570 nce of these sep\n+0000f320: 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 636f 6d6d 6173 arated by commas\n+0000f330: 206f 720a 2020 2020 2073 656d 6963 6f6c or. semicol\n+0000f340: 6f6e 7320 746f 2074 7279 2073 6576 6572 ons to try sever\n+0000f350: 616c 206d 6f64 6573 2069 6e20 7365 7175 al modes in sequ\n+0000f360: 656e 6365 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2067 6678 ence. *Note gfx\n+0000f370: 7061 796c 6f61 643a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2020 payload::... \n+0000f380: 2044 6570 656e 6469 6e67 206f 6e20 796f Depending on yo\n+0000f390: 7572 206b 6572 6e65 6c2c 2079 6f75 7220 ur kernel, your \n+0000f3a0: 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2c20 796f distribution, yo\n+0000f3b0: 7572 2067 7261 7068 6963 7320 6361 7264 ur graphics card\n+0000f3c0: 2c0a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2070 ,. and the p\n+0000f3d0: 6861 7365 206f 6620 7468 6520 6d6f 6f6e hase of the moon\n+0000f3e0: 2c20 6e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 7573 696e , note that usin\n+0000f3f0: 6720 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6d61 g this option ma\n+0000f400: 7920 6361 7573 650a 2020 2020 2047 4e55 y cause. GNU\n+0000f410: 2f4c 696e 7578 2074 6f20 7375 6666 6572 /Linux to suffer\n+0000f420: 2066 726f 6d20 7661 7269 6f75 7320 6469 from various di\n+0000f430: 7370 6c61 7920 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2c20 splay problems, \n+0000f440: 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 6c79 0a20 2020 particularly. \n+0000f450: 2020 6475 7269 6e67 2074 6865 2065 6172 during the ear\n+0000f460: 6c79 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2062 ly part of the b\n+0000f470: 6f6f 7420 7365 7175 656e 6365 2e20 2049 oot sequence. I\n+0000f480: 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 2070 726f 626c f you have probl\n+0000f490: 656d 732c 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7420 7468 ems,. set th\n+0000f4a0: 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 is option to ...\n+0000f4b0: 7465 7874 e280 9920 616e 6420 4752 5542 text... and GRUB\n+0000f4c0: 2077 696c 6c20 7465 6c6c 204c 696e 7578 will tell Linux\n+0000f4d0: 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 to boot in. \n+0000f4e0: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 7465 7874 206d 6f64 normal text mod\n+0000f4f0: 652e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 e......GRUB_DISA\n+0000f500: 424c 455f 4f53 5f50 524f 4245 52e2 8099 BLE_OS_PROBER...\n+0000f510: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 9867 7275 . The ...gru\n+0000f520: 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 6861 b-mkconfig... ha\n+0000f530: 7320 6120 6665 6174 7572 6520 746f 2075 s a feature to u\n+0000f540: 7365 2074 6865 2065 7874 6572 6e61 6c20 se the external \n+0000f550: e280 986f 732d 7072 6f62 6572 e280 990a ...os-prober....\n+0000f560: 2020 2020 2070 726f 6772 616d 2074 6f20 program to \n+0000f570: 6469 7363 6f76 6572 206f 7468 6572 206f discover other o\n+0000f580: 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 perating systems\n+0000f590: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 206f 6e20 7468 installed on th\n+0000f5a0: 6520 7361 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6368 e same. mach\n+0000f5b0: 696e 6520 616e 6420 6765 6e65 7261 7465 ine and generate\n+0000f5c0: 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 206d 656e appropriate men\n+0000f5d0: 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 666f 7220 7468 u entries for th\n+0000f5e0: 656d 2e20 2049 7420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 em. It is. \n+0000f5f0: 6469 7361 626c 6564 2062 7920 6465 6661 disabled by defa\n+0000f600: 756c 7420 7369 6e63 6520 6175 746f 6d61 ult since automa\n+0000f610: 7469 6320 616e 6420 7369 6c65 6e74 2065 tic and silent e\n+0000f620: 7865 6375 7469 6f6e 206f 660a 2020 2020 xecution of. \n+0000f630: 20e2 8098 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 72e2 8099 ...os-prober...\n+0000f640: 2c20 616e 6420 6372 6561 7469 6e67 2062 , and creating b\n+0000f650: 6f6f 7420 656e 7472 6965 7320 6261 7365 oot entries base\n+0000f660: 6420 6f6e 2074 6861 7420 6461 7461 2c20 d on that data, \n+0000f670: 6973 2061 0a20 2020 2020 706f 7465 6e74 is a. potent\n+0000f680: 6961 6c20 6174 7461 636b 2076 6563 746f ial attack vecto\n+0000f690: 722e 2020 5365 7420 7468 6973 206f 7074 r. Set this opt\n+0000f6a0: 696f 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 6661 6c73 65e2 ion to ...false.\n+0000f6b0: 8099 2074 6f20 656e 6162 6c65 2074 6869 .. to enable thi\n+0000f6c0: 730a 2020 2020 2066 6561 7475 7265 2069 s. feature i\n+0000f6d0: 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b n the ...grub-mk\n+0000f6e0: 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e config... comman\n+0000f6f0: 642e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4f53 5f50 d......GRUB_OS_P\n+0000f700: 524f 4245 525f 534b 4950 5f4c 4953 54e2 ROBER_SKIP_LIST.\n+0000f710: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 206f 6620 ... List of \n+0000f720: 7370 6163 652d 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 space-separated \n+0000f730: 4653 2055 5549 4473 206f 6620 6669 6c65 FS UUIDs of file\n+0000f740: 7379 7374 656d 7320 746f 2062 6520 6967 systems to be ig\n+0000f750: 6e6f 7265 6420 6672 6f6d 0a20 2020 2020 nored from. \n+0000f760: 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 7220 6f75 7470 7574 os-prober output\n+0000f770: 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 6669 2063 6861 696e . For efi chain\n+0000f780: 6c6f 6164 6572 7320 6974 2773 203c 5555 loaders it's @..\n+0000f7a0: e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f ...GRUB_DISABLE_\n+0000f7b0: 5355 424d 454e 55e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 SUBMENU.... \n+0000f7c0: 4e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2c20 e280 9867 7275 Normally, ...gru\n+0000f7d0: 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 7769 b-mkconfig... wi\n+0000f7e0: 6c6c 2067 656e 6572 6174 6520 746f 7020 ll generate top \n+0000f7f0: 6c65 7665 6c20 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 level menu entry\n+0000f800: 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6b65 for. the ke\n+0000f810: 726e 656c 2077 6974 6820 6869 6768 6573 rnel with highes\n+0000f820: 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 t version number\n+0000f830: 2061 6e64 2070 7574 2061 6c6c 206f 7468 and put all oth\n+0000f840: 6572 2066 6f75 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 er found. ke\n+0000f850: 726e 656c 7320 6f72 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 rnels or alterna\n+0000f860: 7469 7665 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 tive menu entrie\n+0000f870: 7320 666f 7220 7265 636f 7665 7279 206d s for recovery m\n+0000f880: 6f64 6520 696e 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 2e0a ode in submenu..\n+0000f890: 2020 2020 2046 6f72 2065 6e74 7269 6573 For entries\n+0000f8a0: 2072 6574 7572 6e65 6420 6279 20e2 8098 returned by ...\n+0000f8b0: 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 72e2 8099 2066 6972 os-prober... fir\n+0000f8c0: 7374 2065 6e74 7279 2077 696c 6c20 6265 st entry will be\n+0000f8d0: 2070 7574 206f 6e20 746f 700a 2020 2020 put on top. \n+0000f8e0: 206c 6576 656c 2061 6e64 2061 6c6c 206f level and all o\n+0000f8f0: 7468 6572 7320 696e 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 thers in submenu\n+0000f900: 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f . If this optio\n+0000f910: 6e20 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 n is set to ...t\n+0000f920: 7275 65e2 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 2066 6c61 rue...,. fla\n+0000f930: 7420 6d65 6e75 2077 6974 6820 616c 6c20 t menu with all \n+0000f940: 656e 7472 6965 7320 6f6e 2074 6f70 206c entries on top l\n+0000f950: 6576 656c 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2067 656e evel will be gen\n+0000f960: 6572 6174 6564 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2e0a erated instead..\n+0000f970: 2020 2020 2043 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 Changing th\n+0000f980: 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 7769 6c6c 2072 is option will r\n+0000f990: 6571 7569 7265 2063 6861 6e67 696e 6720 equire changing \n+0000f9a0: 6578 6973 7469 6e67 2076 616c 7565 7320 existing values \n+0000f9b0: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f of. ...GRUB_\n+0000f9c0: 4445 4641 554c 54e2 8099 2c20 e280 9866 DEFAULT..., ...f\n+0000f9d0: 616c 6c62 6163 6be2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 allback... (*not\n+0000f9e0: 6520 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 3a3a 2920 616e e fallback::) an\n+0000f9f0: 6420 e280 9864 6566 6175 6c74 e280 9920 d ...default... \n+0000fa00: 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 6465 6661 (*note. defa\n+0000fa10: 756c 743a 3a29 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 ult::) environme\n+0000fa20: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2061 7320 nt variables as \n+0000fa30: 7765 6c6c 2061 7320 7361 7665 6420 6465 well as saved de\n+0000fa40: 6661 756c 7420 656e 7472 790a 2020 2020 fault entry. \n+0000fa50: 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d73 using ...grub-s\n+0000fa60: 6574 2d64 6566 6175 6c74 e280 9920 616e et-default... an\n+0000fa70: 6420 7661 6c75 6520 7573 6564 2077 6974 d value used wit\n+0000fa80: 6820 e280 9867 7275 622d 7265 626f 6f74 h ...grub-reboot\n+0000fa90: e280 992e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 454e .........GRUB_EN\n+0000faa0: 4142 4c45 5f43 5259 5054 4f44 4953 4be2 ABLE_CRYPTODISK.\n+0000fab0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2073 6574 2074 ... If set t\n+0000fac0: 6f20 e280 9879 e280 992c 20e2 8098 6772 o ...y..., ...gr\n+0000fad0: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2061 ub-mkconfig... a\n+0000fae0: 6e64 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 nd ...grub-insta\n+0000faf0: 6c6c e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2063 6865 636b ll... will check\n+0000fb00: 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 656e 6372 7970 for. encryp\n+0000fb10: 7465 6420 6469 736b 7320 616e 6420 6765 ted disks and ge\n+0000fb20: 6e65 7261 7465 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 nerate additiona\n+0000fb30: 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 206e 6565 6465 l commands neede\n+0000fb40: 6420 746f 2061 6363 6573 730a 2020 2020 d to access. \n+0000fb50: 2074 6865 6d20 6475 7269 6e67 2062 6f6f them during boo\n+0000fb60: 742e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 696e t. Note that in\n+0000fb70: 2074 6869 7320 6361 7365 2075 6e61 7474 this case unatt\n+0000fb80: 656e 6465 6420 626f 6f74 2069 7320 6e6f ended boot is no\n+0000fb90: 740a 2020 2020 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 t. possible \n+0000fba0: 6265 6361 7573 6520 4752 5542 2077 696c because GRUB wil\n+0000fbb0: 6c20 7761 6974 2066 6f72 2070 6173 7370 l wait for passp\n+0000fbc0: 6872 6173 6520 746f 2075 6e6c 6f63 6b20 hrase to unlock \n+0000fbd0: 656e 6372 7970 7465 640a 2020 2020 2063 encrypted. c\n+0000fbe0: 6f6e 7461 696e 6572 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 ontainer......GR\n+0000fbf0: 5542 5f49 4e49 545f 5455 4e45 e280 990a UB_INIT_TUNE....\n+0000fc00: 2020 2020 2050 6c61 7920 6120 7475 6e65 Play a tune\n+0000fc10: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7370 6561 6b65 7220 on the speaker \n+0000fc20: 7768 656e 2047 5255 4220 7374 6172 7473 when GRUB starts\n+0000fc30: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2070 6172 7469 . This is parti\n+0000fc40: 6375 6c61 726c 790a 2020 2020 2075 7365 cularly. use\n+0000fc50: 6675 6c20 666f 7220 7573 6572 7320 756e ful for users un\n+0000fc60: 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 7365 6520 7468 6520 able to see the \n+0000fc70: 7363 7265 656e 2e20 2054 6865 2076 616c screen. The val\n+0000fc80: 7565 206f 6620 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 ue of this. \n+0000fc90: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7061 7373 6564 option is passed\n+0000fca0: 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 746f 202a 6e6f directly to *no\n+0000fcb0: 7465 2070 6c61 793a 3a2e 0a0a e280 9847 te play::......G\n+0000fcc0: 5255 425f 4241 4452 414d e280 990a 2020 RUB_BADRAM.... \n+0000fcd0: 2020 2049 6620 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f If this optio\n+0000fce0: 6e20 6973 2073 6574 2c20 4752 5542 2077 n is set, GRUB w\n+0000fcf0: 696c 6c20 6973 7375 6520 6120 2a6e 6f74 ill issue a *not\n+0000fd00: 6520 6261 6472 616d 3a3a 2063 6f6d 6d61 e badram:: comma\n+0000fd10: 6e64 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2066 696c 7465 nd to. filte\n+0000fd20: 7220 6f75 7420 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 r out specified \n+0000fd30: 7265 6769 6f6e 7320 6f66 2052 414d 2e0a regions of RAM..\n+0000fd40: 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f50 5245 4c4f 4144 ....GRUB_PRELOAD\n+0000fd50: 5f4d 4f44 554c 4553 e280 990a 2020 2020 _MODULES.... \n+0000fd60: 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 This option may\n+0000fd70: 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f 2061 206c 6973 be set to a lis\n+0000fd80: 7420 6f66 2047 5255 4220 6d6f 6475 6c65 t of GRUB module\n+0000fd90: 206e 616d 6573 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 names separated\n+0000fda0: 2062 790a 2020 2020 2073 7061 6365 732e by. spaces.\n+0000fdb0: 2020 4561 6368 206d 6f64 756c 6520 7769 Each module wi\n+0000fdc0: 6c6c 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 7320 ll be loaded as \n+0000fdd0: 6561 726c 7920 6173 2070 6f73 7369 626c early as possibl\n+0000fde0: 652c 2061 7420 7468 650a 2020 2020 2073 e, at the. s\n+0000fdf0: 7461 7274 206f 6620 e280 9867 7275 622e tart of ...grub.\n+0000fe00: 6366 67e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 cfg.........GRUB\n+0000fe10: 5f52 4543 4f52 4446 4149 4c5f 5449 4d45 _RECORDFAIL_TIME\n+0000fe20: 4f55 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 OUT.... If t\n+0000fe30: 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 his option is se\n+0000fe40: 742c 2069 7420 6f76 6572 7269 6465 7320 t, it overrides \n+0000fe50: 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 7265 636f the default reco\n+0000fe60: 7264 6661 696c 2073 6574 7469 6e67 2e0a rdfail setting..\n+0000fe70: 2020 2020 2041 2073 6574 7469 6e67 206f A setting o\n+0000fe80: 6620 2d31 2063 6175 7365 7320 4752 5542 f -1 causes GRUB\n+0000fe90: 2074 6f20 7761 6974 2066 6f72 2075 7365 to wait for use\n+0000fea0: 7220 696e 7075 7420 696e 6465 6669 6e69 r input indefini\n+0000feb0: 7465 6c79 2e0a 2020 2020 2048 6f77 6576 tely.. Howev\n+0000fec0: 6572 2c20 6120 6661 6c73 6520 706f 7369 er, a false posi\n+0000fed0: 7469 7665 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7265 636f tive in the reco\n+0000fee0: 7264 6661 696c 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d rdfail mechanism\n+0000fef0: 206d 6179 206f 6363 7572 2069 660a 2020 may occur if. \n+0000ff00: 2020 2070 6f77 6572 2069 7320 6c6f 7374 power is lost\n+0000ff10: 2064 7572 696e 6720 626f 6f74 2062 6566 during boot bef\n+0000ff20: 6f72 6520 626f 6f74 2073 7563 6365 7373 ore boot success\n+0000ff30: 2069 7320 7265 636f 7264 6564 2069 6e0a is recorded in.\n+0000ff40: 2020 2020 2075 7365 7273 7061 6365 2e20 userspace. \n+0000ff50: 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2073 6574 The default set\n+0000ff60: 7469 6e67 2069 7320 3330 2c20 7768 6963 ting is 30, whic\n+0000ff70: 6820 6361 7573 6573 2047 5255 4220 746f h causes GRUB to\n+0000ff80: 2077 6169 740a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2075 wait. for u\n+0000ff90: 7365 7220 696e 7075 7420 666f 7220 7468 ser input for th\n+0000ffa0: 6972 7479 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2062 6566 irty seconds bef\n+0000ffb0: 6f72 6520 636f 6e74 696e 7569 6e67 2e20 ore continuing. \n+0000ffc0: 2054 6869 7320 6465 6661 756c 740a 2020 This default. \n+0000ffd0: 2020 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 696e 7465 7261 allows intera\n+0000ffe0: 6374 6976 6520 7573 6572 7320 7468 6520 ctive users the \n+0000fff0: 6f70 706f 7274 756e 6974 7920 746f 2073 opportunity to s\n+00010000: 7769 7463 6820 746f 2061 2064 6966 6665 witch to a diffe\n+00010010: 7265 6e74 2c0a 2020 2020 2077 6f72 6b69 rent,. worki\n+00010020: 6e67 206b 6572 6e65 6c2c 2077 6869 6c65 ng kernel, while\n+00010030: 2061 766f 6964 696e 6720 6120 6661 6c73 avoiding a fals\n+00010040: 6520 706f 7369 7469 7665 2063 6175 7369 e positive causi\n+00010050: 6e67 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 746f 0a20 ng the boot to. \n+00010060: 2020 2020 626c 6f63 6b20 696e 6465 6669 block indefi\n+00010070: 6e69 7465 6c79 206f 6e20 6865 6164 6c65 nitely on headle\n+00010080: 7373 2061 6e64 2061 7070 6c69 616e 6365 ss and appliance\n+00010090: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2077 6865 7265 2061 systems where a\n+000100a0: 6363 6573 730a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 6120 ccess. to a \n+000100b0: 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6973 2072 6573 7472 console is restr\n+000100c0: 6963 7465 6420 6f72 206c 696d 6974 6564 icted or limited\n+000100d0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 206f 7074 ... This opt\n+000100e0: 696f 6e20 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6566 6665 ion is only effe\n+000100f0: 6374 6976 6520 7768 656e 2047 5255 4220 ctive when GRUB \n+00010100: 7761 7320 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2077 was configured w\n+00010110: 6974 6820 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 ith the. ...\n+00010120: 2d2d 656e 6162 6c65 2d71 7569 636b 2d62 --enable-quick-b\n+00010130: 6f6f 74e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 0a0a oot... option...\n+00010140: e280 9847 5255 425f 5245 434f 5645 5259 ...GRUB_RECOVERY\n+00010150: 5f54 4954 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 _TITLE.... T\n+00010160: 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2073 6574 7320 his option sets \n+00010170: 7468 6520 456e 676c 6973 6820 7465 7874 the English text\n+00010180: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7374 7269 6e67 2074 of the string t\n+00010190: 6861 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 2020 2020 hat will be. \n+000101a0: 2064 6973 706c 6179 6564 2069 6e20 7061 displayed in pa\n+000101b0: 7265 6e74 6865 7365 7320 746f 2069 6e64 rentheses to ind\n+000101c0: 6963 6174 6520 7468 6174 2061 2062 6f6f icate that a boo\n+000101d0: 7420 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7072 6f76 t option is prov\n+000101e0: 6964 6564 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2068 656c ided. to hel\n+000101f0: 7020 7573 6572 7320 7265 636f 7665 7220 p users recover \n+00010200: 6120 6272 6f6b 656e 2073 7973 7465 6d2e a broken system.\n+00010210: 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 The default is\n+00010220: 2022 7265 636f 7665 7279 0a20 2020 2020 \"recovery. \n+00010230: 6d6f 6465 222e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2066 mode\"... The f\n+00010240: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 ollowing options\n+00010250: 2061 7265 2073 7469 6c6c 2061 6363 6570 are still accep\n+00010260: 7465 6420 666f 7220 636f 6d70 6174 6962 ted for compatib\n+00010270: 696c 6974 7920 7769 7468 0a65 7869 7374 ility with.exist\n+00010280: 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f ing configuratio\n+00010290: 6e73 2c20 6275 7420 6861 7665 2062 6574 ns, but have bet\n+000102a0: 7465 7220 7265 706c 6163 656d 656e 7473 ter replacements\n+000102b0: 3a0a 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f48 4944 4445 :.....GRUB_HIDDE\n+000102c0: 4e5f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 N_TIMEOUT.... \n+000102d0: 2020 5761 6974 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e79 Wait this many\n+000102e0: 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2062 6566 6f72 6520 seconds before \n+000102f0: 6469 7370 6c61 7969 6e67 2074 6865 206d displaying the m\n+00010300: 656e 752e 2020 4966 203c 4553 433e 206f enu. If o\n+00010310: 720a 2020 2020 203c 4634 3e20 6172 6520 r. are \n+00010320: 7072 6573 7365 642c 206f 7220 3c53 4849 pressed, or is held down\n+00010340: 2064 7572 696e 6720 7468 6174 2074 696d during that tim\n+00010350: 652c 2064 6973 706c 6179 0a20 2020 2020 e, display. \n+00010360: 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 6e64 2077 6169 the menu and wai\n+00010370: 7420 666f 7220 696e 7075 7420 6163 636f t for input acco\n+00010380: 7264 696e 6720 746f 20e2 8098 4752 5542 rding to ...GRUB\n+00010390: 5f54 494d 454f 5554 e280 992e 2020 4966 _TIMEOUT.... If\n+000103a0: 2061 0a20 2020 2020 686f 746b 6579 2061 a. hotkey a\n+000103b0: 7373 6f63 6961 7465 6420 7769 7468 2061 ssociated with a\n+000103c0: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 6973 2070 menu entry is p\n+000103d0: 7265 7373 6564 2c20 626f 6f74 2074 6865 ressed, boot the\n+000103e0: 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 640a 2020 2020 associated. \n+000103f0: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 696d 6d65 menu entry imme\n+00010400: 6469 6174 656c 792e 2020 4966 2074 6865 diately. If the\n+00010410: 2074 696d 656f 7574 2065 7870 6972 6573 timeout expires\n+00010420: 2062 6566 6f72 6520 6569 7468 6572 206f before either o\n+00010430: 660a 2020 2020 2074 6865 7365 2068 6170 f. these hap\n+00010440: 7065 6e73 2c20 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7468 pens, display th\n+00010450: 6520 6d65 6e75 2066 6f72 2074 6865 206e e menu for the n\n+00010460: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 umber of seconds\n+00010470: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 0a20 2020 2020 specified. \n+00010480: 696e 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f in ...GRUB_TIMEO\n+00010490: 5554 e280 9920 6265 666f 7265 2062 6f6f UT... before boo\n+000104a0: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 ting the default\n+000104b0: 2065 6e74 7279 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 entry... If\n+000104c0: 2079 6f75 2073 6574 20e2 8098 4752 5542 you set ...GRUB\n+000104d0: 5f48 4944 4445 4e5f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 _HIDDEN_TIMEOUT.\n+000104e0: 8099 2c20 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2061 .., you should a\n+000104f0: 6c73 6f20 7365 740a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 lso set. ...\n+00010500: 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 3d30 e280 GRUB_TIMEOUT=0..\n+00010510: 9920 736f 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6d65 . so that the me\n+00010520: 6e75 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 6469 7370 6c61 nu is not displa\n+00010530: 7965 6420 6174 2061 6c6c 2075 6e6c 6573 yed at all unles\n+00010540: 730a 2020 2020 203c 4553 433e 206f 7220 s. or \n+00010550: 3c46 343e 2061 7265 2070 7265 7373 6564 are pressed\n+00010560: 2c20 6f72 203c 5348 4946 543e 2069 7320 , or is \n+00010570: 6865 6c64 2064 6f77 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 held down... \n+00010580: 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 This option is \n+00010590: 756e 7365 7420 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 unset by default\n+000105a0: 2c20 616e 6420 6973 2064 6570 7265 6361 , and is depreca\n+000105b0: 7465 6420 696e 2066 6176 6f75 7220 6f66 ted in favour of\n+000105c0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6c65 7373 2063 the. less c\n+000105d0: 6f6e 6675 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 4752 5542 onfusing ...GRUB\n+000105e0: 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 3d63 _TIMEOUT_STYLE=c\n+000105f0: 6f75 6e74 646f 776e e280 9920 6f72 0a20 ountdown... or. \n+00010600: 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 4d45 ...GRUB_TIME\n+00010610: 4f55 545f 5354 594c 453d 6869 6464 656e OUT_STYLE=hidden\n+00010620: e280 992e 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4849 .........GRUB_HI\n+00010630: 4444 454e 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f51 5549 DDEN_TIMEOUT_QUI\n+00010640: 4554 e280 990a 2020 2020 2049 6e20 636f ET.... In co\n+00010650: 6e6a 756e 6374 696f 6e20 7769 7468 20e2 njunction with .\n+00010660: 8098 4752 5542 5f48 4944 4445 4e5f 5449 ..GRUB_HIDDEN_TI\n+00010670: 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 2c20 7365 7420 7468 MEOUT..., set th\n+00010680: 6973 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 is to ...true...\n+00010690: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2073 7570 7072 6573 to. suppres\n+000106a0: 7320 7468 6520 7665 7262 6f73 6520 636f s the verbose co\n+000106b0: 756e 7464 6f77 6e20 7768 696c 6520 7761 untdown while wa\n+000106c0: 6974 696e 6720 666f 7220 6120 6b65 7920 iting for a key \n+000106d0: 746f 2062 650a 2020 2020 2070 7265 7373 to be. press\n+000106e0: 6564 2062 6566 6f72 6520 6469 7370 6c61 ed before displa\n+000106f0: 7969 6e67 2074 6865 206d 656e 752e 0a0a ying the menu...\n+00010700: 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e This option\n+00010710: 2069 7320 756e 7365 7420 6279 2064 6566 is unset by def\n+00010720: 6175 6c74 2c20 616e 6420 6973 2064 6570 ault, and is dep\n+00010730: 7265 6361 7465 6420 696e 2066 6176 6f75 recated in favou\n+00010740: 7220 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6c65 r of the. le\n+00010750: 7373 2063 6f6e 6675 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 ss confusing ...\n+00010760: 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f53 5459 GRUB_TIMEOUT_STY\n+00010770: 4c45 3d63 6f75 6e74 646f 776e e280 992e LE=countdown....\n+00010780: 0a0a e280 9847 5255 425f 4849 4444 454e .....GRUB_HIDDEN\n+00010790: 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 _TIMEOUT_BUTTON.\n+000107a0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5661 7269 616e 7420 ... Variant \n+000107b0: 6f66 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f48 4944 4445 of ...GRUB_HIDDE\n+000107c0: 4e5f 5449 4d45 4f55 54e2 8099 2c20 7573 N_TIMEOUT..., us\n+000107d0: 6564 2074 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7665 ed to support ve\n+000107e0: 6e64 6f72 2d73 7065 6369 6669 630a 2020 ndor-specific. \n+000107f0: 2020 2070 6f77 6572 2062 7574 746f 6e73 power buttons\n+00010800: 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2056 656e 646f 7220 . *Note Vendor \n+00010810: 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 733a 3a2e power-on keys::.\n+00010820: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6f70 7469 .. This opti\n+00010830: 6f6e 2069 7320 756e 7365 7420 6279 2064 on is unset by d\n+00010840: 6566 6175 6c74 2c20 616e 6420 6973 2064 efault, and is d\n+00010850: 6570 7265 6361 7465 6420 696e 2066 6176 eprecated in fav\n+00010860: 6f75 7220 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 our of the. \n+00010870: 6c65 7373 2063 6f6e 6675 7369 6e67 20e2 less confusing .\n+00010880: 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f53 ..GRUB_TIMEOUT_S\n+00010890: 5459 4c45 3d63 6f75 6e74 646f 776e e280 TYLE=countdown..\n+000108a0: 9920 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9847 5255 . or. ...GRU\n+000108b0: 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 5354 594c 453d B_TIMEOUT_STYLE=\n+000108c0: 6869 6464 656e e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2046 hidden...... F\n+000108d0: 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 6465 7461 696c 6564 or more detailed\n+000108e0: 2063 7573 746f 6d69 7361 7469 6f6e 206f customisation o\n+000108f0: 6620 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 f ...grub-mkconf\n+00010900: 6967 e280 9927 7320 6f75 7470 7574 2c20 ig...'s output, \n+00010910: 796f 7520 6d61 790a 6564 6974 2074 6865 you may.edit the\n+00010920: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2069 6e20 e280 982f scripts in .../\n+00010930: 6574 632f 6772 7562 2e64 e280 9920 6469 etc/grub.d... di\n+00010940: 7265 6374 6c79 2e20 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 rectly. .../etc\n+00010950: 2f67 7275 622e 642f 3430 5f63 7573 746f /grub.d/40_custo\n+00010960: 6de2 8099 2069 730a 7061 7274 6963 756c m... is.particul\n+00010970: 6172 6c79 2075 7365 6675 6c20 666f 7220 arly useful for \n+00010980: 6164 6469 6e67 2065 6e74 6972 6520 6375 adding entire cu\n+00010990: 7374 6f6d 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 stom menu entrie\n+000109a0: 733b 2073 696d 706c 7920 7479 7065 0a74 s; simply type.t\n+000109b0: 6865 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 7320 he menu entries \n+000109c0: 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 6164 6420 you want to add \n+000109d0: 6174 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 7468 at the end of th\n+000109e0: 6174 2066 696c 652c 206d 616b 696e 6720 at file, making \n+000109f0: 7375 7265 2074 6f0a 6c65 6176 6520 6174 sure to.leave at\n+00010a00: 206c 6561 7374 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 least the first\n+00010a10: 2074 776f 206c 696e 6573 2069 6e74 6163 two lines intac\n+00010a20: 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 t.....File: grub\n+00010a30: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 526f .info, Node: Ro\n+00010a40: 6f74 2049 6465 6e74 6966 6361 7469 6f6e ot Identifcation\n+00010a50: 2048 6575 7269 7374 6963 732c 2020 4e65 Heuristics, Ne\n+00010a60: 7874 3a20 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 xt: Shell-like s\n+00010a70: 6372 6970 7469 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 763a cripting, Prev:\n+00010a80: 2053 696d 706c 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 Simple configur\n+00010a90: 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6e66 ation, Up: Conf\n+00010aa0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 0a36 2e32 2052 iguration..6.2 R\n+00010ab0: 6f6f 7420 4964 656e 7469 6663 6174 696f oot Identifcatio\n+00010ac0: 6e20 4865 7572 6973 7469 6373 0a3d 3d3d n Heuristics.===\n 00010ad0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00010ae0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4966 2074 ==========..If t\n-00010af0: 6865 2074 6172 6765 7420 6f70 6572 6174 he target operat\n-00010b00: 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2075 7365 7320 ing system uses \n-00010b10: 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c the Linux kernel\n-00010b20: 2c20 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 , ...grub-mkconf\n-00010b30: 6967 e280 990a 6174 7465 6d70 7473 2074 ig....attempts t\n-00010b40: 6f20 6964 656e 7469 6679 2074 6865 2072 o identify the r\n-00010b50: 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 oot file system \n-00010b60: 7669 6120 6120 6865 7572 6973 7469 6320 via a heuristic \n-00010b70: 616c 676f 6972 7468 6d2e 0a54 6869 7320 algoirthm..This \n-00010b80: 616c 676f 7269 7468 6d20 7365 6c65 6374 algorithm select\n-00010b90: 7320 7468 6520 6964 656e 7469 6669 6361 s the identifica\n-00010ba0: 7469 6f6e 206d 6574 686f 6420 6f66 2074 tion method of t\n-00010bb0: 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 2073 7973 he root file sys\n-00010bc0: 7465 6d0a 6279 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7269 tem.by consideri\n-00010bd0: 6e67 2074 6872 6565 2066 6163 746f 7273 ng three factors\n-00010be0: 2e20 2054 6865 2066 6972 7374 2069 7320 . The first is \n-00010bf0: 6966 2061 6e20 696e 6974 7264 2066 6f72 if an initrd for\n-00010c00: 2074 6865 2074 6172 6765 740a 6f70 6572 the target.oper\n-00010c10: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2069 7320 ating system is \n-00010c20: 616c 736f 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2e20 2054 also present. T\n-00010c30: 6865 2073 6563 6f6e 6420 6973 0ae2 8098 he second is....\n-00010c40: 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 5f4c 494e GRUB_DISABLE_LIN\n-00010c50: 5558 5f55 5549 44e2 8099 2061 6e64 2069 UX_UUID... and i\n-00010c60: 6620 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 7472 7565 f set to ...true\n-00010c70: e280 992c 2070 7265 7665 6e74 7320 e280 ..., prevents ..\n-00010c80: 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 .grub-mkconfig..\n-00010c90: 990a 6672 6f6d 2069 6465 6e74 6966 7969 ..from identifyi\n-00010ca0: 6e67 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 ng the root file\n-00010cb0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6279 2069 7473 2055 system by its U\n-00010cc0: 5549 442e 2054 6865 2074 6869 7264 2069 UID. The third i\n-00010cd0: 730a e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c s....GRUB_DISABL\n-00010ce0: 455f 4c49 4e55 585f 5041 5254 5555 4944 E_LINUX_PARTUUID\n-00010cf0: e280 9920 616e 6420 6966 2073 6574 2074 ... and if set t\n-00010d00: 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2c20 7072 o ...true..., pr\n-00010d10: 6576 656e 7473 0ae2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d events....grub-m\n-00010d20: 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2066 726f 6d20 kconfig... from \n-00010d30: 6964 656e 7469 6679 696e 6720 7468 6520 identifying the \n-00010d40: 726f 6f74 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d root file system\n-00010d50: 2076 6961 2074 6865 2055 5549 4420 6f66 via the UUID of\n-00010d60: 0a69 7473 2065 6e63 6c6f 7369 6e67 2070 .its enclosing p\n-00010d70: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 6620 7468 artition. If th\n-00010d80: 6520 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6172 6520 e variables are \n-00010d90: 6173 7369 676e 6564 2061 6e79 206f 7468 assigned any oth\n-00010da0: 6572 2076 616c 7565 2c0a 7468 6174 2076 er value,.that v\n-00010db0: 616c 7565 2069 7320 636f 6e73 6964 6572 alue is consider\n-00010dc0: 6564 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e 7420 746f ed equivalent to\n-00010dd0: 20e2 8098 6661 6c73 65e2 8099 2e20 2054 ...false.... T\n-00010de0: 6865 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2061 7265 he variables are\n-00010df0: 2061 6c73 6f0a 636f 6e73 6964 6572 6564 also.considered\n-00010e00: 2074 6f20 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 to be set to ..\n-00010e10: 9866 616c 7365 e280 9920 6966 2074 6865 .false... if the\n-00010e20: 7920 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 7365 742e 0a0a y are not set...\n-00010e30: 2020 2057 6865 6e20 626f 6f74 696e 672c When booting,\n-00010e40: 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 the Linux kerne\n-00010e50: 6c20 7769 6c6c 2064 656c 6567 6174 6520 l will delegate \n-00010e60: 7468 6520 7461 736b 206f 6620 6d6f 756e the task of moun\n-00010e70: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 0a72 6f6f 7420 6669 ting the.root fi\n-00010e80: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2074 6f20 7468 6520 lesystem to the \n-00010e90: 696e 6974 7264 2e20 204d 6f73 7420 696e initrd. Most in\n-00010ea0: 6974 7264 2069 6d61 6765 7320 6465 7465 itrd images dete\n-00010eb0: 726d 696e 6520 7468 6520 726f 6f74 0a66 rmine the root.f\n-00010ec0: 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2062 7920 6368 ile system by ch\n-00010ed0: 6563 6b69 6e67 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 ecking the Linux\n-00010ee0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c27 7320 636f 6d6d 616e kernel's comman\n-00010ef0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2066 6f72 2074 6865 20e2 d-line for the .\n-00010f00: 8098 726f 6f74 e280 990a 6b65 7920 616e ..root....key an\n-00010f10: 6420 7573 6520 6974 7320 7661 6c75 6520 d use its value \n-00010f20: 6173 2074 6865 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6963 as the identific\n-00010f30: 6174 696f 6e20 6d65 7468 6f64 206f 6620 ation method of \n-00010f40: 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2066 696c 650a 7379 the root file.sy\n-00010f50: 7374 656d 2e20 2054 6f20 696d 7072 6f76 stem. To improv\n-00010f60: 6520 7468 6520 7265 6c69 6162 696c 6974 e the reliabilit\n-00010f70: 7920 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 6d6f y of booting, mo\n-00010f80: 7374 2069 6e69 7472 6420 696d 6167 6573 st initrd images\n-00010f90: 2061 6c73 6f0a 616c 6c6f 7720 7468 6520 also.allow the \n-00010fa0: 726f 6f74 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d root file system\n-00010fb0: 2074 6f20 6265 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 to be identifie\n-00010fc0: 6420 6279 2069 7473 2055 5549 442e 2042 d by its UUID. B\n-00010fd0: 6563 6175 7365 206f 6620 7468 6973 0a62 ecause of this.b\n-00010fe0: 6568 6176 696f 722c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 ehavior, the ...\n-00010ff0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 grub-mkconfig...\n-00011000: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 7365 command will se\n-00011010: 7420 e280 9872 6f6f 74e2 8099 2074 6f20 t ...root... to \n-00011020: e280 9872 6f6f 743d 5555 4944 3d2e 2e2e ...root=UUID=...\n-00011030: e280 990a 746f 2070 726f 7669 6465 2074 ....to provide t\n-00011040: 6865 2069 6e69 7472 6420 7769 7468 2074 he initrd with t\n-00011050: 6865 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 5555 he filesystem UU\n-00011060: 4944 206f 6620 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2066 ID of the root f\n-00011070: 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2e0a 0a20 2020 ile system... \n-00011080: 4966 206e 6f20 696e 6974 7264 2069 7320 If no initrd is \n-00011090: 6465 7465 6374 6564 206f 7220 e280 9847 detected or ...G\n-000110a0: 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 RUB_DISABLE_LINU\n-000110b0: 585f 5555 4944 e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 X_UUID... is set\n-000110c0: 2074 6f0a e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2074 to....true... t\n-000110d0: 6865 6e20 e280 9867 7275 622d 636f 6d6d hen ...grub-comm\n-000110e0: 616e 64e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 6964 656e and... will iden\n-000110f0: 7469 6679 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 tify the root fi\n-00011100: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2062 7920 7365 7474 lesystem by sett\n-00011110: 696e 670a 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2063 ing.the kernel c\n-00011120: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 7661 7269 ommand-line vari\n-00011130: 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 9920 able ...root... \n-00011140: 746f 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 3d50 4152 5455 to ...root=PARTU\n-00011150: 5549 443d 2e2e 2ee2 8099 2075 6e6c 6573 UID=...... unles\n-00011160: 730a e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c s....GRUB_DISABL\n-00011170: 455f 4c49 4e55 585f 5041 5254 5555 4944 E_LINUX_PARTUUID\n-00011180: e280 9920 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 7365 7420 ... is also set \n-00011190: 746f 20e2 8098 7472 7565 e280 992e 2020 to ...true.... \n-000111a0: 4966 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 If....GRUB_DISAB\n-000111b0: 4c45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f50 4152 5455 5549 LE_LINUX_PARTUUI\n-000111c0: 44e2 8099 2069 7320 616c 736f 2073 6574 D... is also set\n-000111d0: 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2c20 to ...true..., \n-000111e0: e280 9867 7275 622d 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 ...grub-command.\n-000111f0: 8099 2077 696c 6c0a 6964 656e 7469 6679 .. will.identify\n-00011200: 2062 7920 6974 7320 4c69 6e75 7820 6465 by its Linux de\n-00011210: 7669 6365 206e 616d 652e 0a0a 2020 2054 vice name... T\n-00011220: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2074 6162 he following tab\n-00011230: 6c65 2073 756d 6d61 7269 7a65 7320 7468 le summarizes th\n-00011240: 6520 6265 6861 7669 6f72 206f 6620 7468 e behavior of th\n-00011250: 6520 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 e ...grub-mkconf\n-00011260: 6967 e280 990a 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a ig....command...\n-00011270: 496e 6974 7264 2020 2020 2047 5255 425f Initrd GRUB_\n-00011280: 4449 5341 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 585f 5041 DISABLE_LINUX_PA\n-00011290: 5254 5555 4944 2020 2047 5255 425f 4449 RTUUID GRUB_DI\n-000112a0: 5341 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 585f 5555 4944 SABLE_LINUX_UUID\n-000112b0: 2020 204c 696e 7578 2052 6f6f 740a 6465 Linux Root.de\n-000112c0: 7465 6374 6564 2020 2053 6574 2054 6f20 tected Set To \n-000112d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000112e0: 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 2054 6f20 2020 Set To \n-000112f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00011300: 2049 4420 4d65 7468 6f64 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d ID Method.-----\n+00010ae0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n+00010af0: 4966 2074 6865 2074 6172 6765 7420 6f70 If the target op\n+00010b00: 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2075 erating system u\n+00010b10: 7365 7320 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 ses the Linux ke\n+00010b20: 726e 656c 2c20 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b rnel, ...grub-mk\n+00010b30: 636f 6e66 6967 e280 990a 6174 7465 6d70 config....attemp\n+00010b40: 7473 2074 6f20 6964 656e 7469 6679 2074 ts to identify t\n+00010b50: 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 2073 7973 he root file sys\n+00010b60: 7465 6d20 7669 6120 6120 6865 7572 6973 tem via a heuris\n+00010b70: 7469 6320 616c 676f 6972 7468 6d2e 0a54 tic algoirthm..T\n+00010b80: 6869 7320 616c 676f 7269 7468 6d20 7365 his algorithm se\n+00010b90: 6c65 6374 7320 7468 6520 6964 656e 7469 lects the identi\n+00010ba0: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 206d 6574 686f 6420 fication method \n+00010bb0: 6f66 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 of the root file\n+00010bc0: 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 6279 2063 6f6e 7369 system.by consi\n+00010bd0: 6465 7269 6e67 2074 6872 6565 2066 6163 dering three fac\n+00010be0: 746f 7273 2e20 2054 6865 2066 6972 7374 tors. The first\n+00010bf0: 2069 7320 6966 2061 6e20 696e 6974 7264 is if an initrd\n+00010c00: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2074 6172 6765 740a for the target.\n+00010c10: 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d operating system\n+00010c20: 2069 7320 616c 736f 2070 7265 7365 6e74 is also present\n+00010c30: 2e20 2054 6865 2073 6563 6f6e 6420 6973 . The second is\n+00010c40: 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 ....GRUB_DISABLE\n+00010c50: 5f4c 494e 5558 5f55 5549 44e2 8099 2061 _LINUX_UUID... a\n+00010c60: 6e64 2069 6620 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 nd if set to ...\n+00010c70: 7472 7565 e280 992c 2070 7265 7665 6e74 true..., prevent\n+00010c80: 7320 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 s ...grub-mkconf\n+00010c90: 6967 e280 990a 6672 6f6d 2069 6465 6e74 ig....from ident\n+00010ca0: 6966 7969 6e67 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 ifying the root \n+00010cb0: 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6279 2069 file system by i\n+00010cc0: 7473 2055 5549 442e 2054 6865 2074 6869 ts UUID. The thi\n+00010cd0: 7264 2069 730a e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 rd is....GRUB_DI\n+00010ce0: 5341 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 585f 5041 5254 SABLE_LINUX_PART\n+00010cf0: 5555 4944 e280 9920 616e 6420 6966 2073 UUID... and if s\n+00010d00: 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 et to ...true...\n+00010d10: 2c20 7072 6576 656e 7473 0ae2 8098 6772 , prevents....gr\n+00010d20: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2066 ub-mkconfig... f\n+00010d30: 726f 6d20 6964 656e 7469 6679 696e 6720 rom identifying \n+00010d40: 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2066 696c 6520 7379 the root file sy\n+00010d50: 7374 656d 2076 6961 2074 6865 2055 5549 stem via the UUI\n+00010d60: 4420 6f66 0a69 7473 2065 6e63 6c6f 7369 D of.its enclosi\n+00010d70: 6e67 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 ng partition. I\n+00010d80: 6620 7468 6520 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 f the variables \n+00010d90: 6172 6520 6173 7369 676e 6564 2061 6e79 are assigned any\n+00010da0: 206f 7468 6572 2076 616c 7565 2c0a 7468 other value,.th\n+00010db0: 6174 2076 616c 7565 2069 7320 636f 6e73 at value is cons\n+00010dc0: 6964 6572 6564 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e idered equivalen\n+00010dd0: 7420 746f 20e2 8098 6661 6c73 65e2 8099 t to ...false...\n+00010de0: 2e20 2054 6865 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 . The variables\n+00010df0: 2061 7265 2061 6c73 6f0a 636f 6e73 6964 are also.consid\n+00010e00: 6572 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2073 6574 2074 ered to be set t\n+00010e10: 6f20 e280 9866 616c 7365 e280 9920 6966 o ...false... if\n+00010e20: 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 7365 they are not se\n+00010e30: 742e 0a0a 2020 2057 6865 6e20 626f 6f74 t... When boot\n+00010e40: 696e 672c 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 206b ing, the Linux k\n+00010e50: 6572 6e65 6c20 7769 6c6c 2064 656c 6567 ernel will deleg\n+00010e60: 6174 6520 7468 6520 7461 736b 206f 6620 ate the task of \n+00010e70: 6d6f 756e 7469 6e67 2074 6865 0a72 6f6f mounting the.roo\n+00010e80: 7420 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2074 6f20 t filesystem to \n+00010e90: 7468 6520 696e 6974 7264 2e20 204d 6f73 the initrd. Mos\n+00010ea0: 7420 696e 6974 7264 2069 6d61 6765 7320 t initrd images \n+00010eb0: 6465 7465 726d 696e 6520 7468 6520 726f determine the ro\n+00010ec0: 6f74 0a66 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2062 ot.file system b\n+00010ed0: 7920 6368 6563 6b69 6e67 2074 6865 204c y checking the L\n+00010ee0: 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c27 7320 636f inux kernel's co\n+00010ef0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2066 6f72 2074 mmand-line for t\n+00010f00: 6865 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 990a 6b65 he ...root....ke\n+00010f10: 7920 616e 6420 7573 6520 6974 7320 7661 y and use its va\n+00010f20: 6c75 6520 6173 2074 6865 2069 6465 6e74 lue as the ident\n+00010f30: 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 6d65 7468 6f64 ification method\n+00010f40: 206f 6620 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2066 696c of the root fil\n+00010f50: 650a 7379 7374 656d 2e20 2054 6f20 696d e.system. To im\n+00010f60: 7072 6f76 6520 7468 6520 7265 6c69 6162 prove the reliab\n+00010f70: 696c 6974 7920 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 ility of booting\n+00010f80: 2c20 6d6f 7374 2069 6e69 7472 6420 696d , most initrd im\n+00010f90: 6167 6573 2061 6c73 6f0a 616c 6c6f 7720 ages also.allow \n+00010fa0: 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2066 696c 6520 7379 the root file sy\n+00010fb0: 7374 656d 2074 6f20 6265 2069 6465 6e74 stem to be ident\n+00010fc0: 6966 6965 6420 6279 2069 7473 2055 5549 ified by its UUI\n+00010fd0: 442e 2042 6563 6175 7365 206f 6620 7468 D. Because of th\n+00010fe0: 6973 0a62 6568 6176 696f 722c 2074 6865 is.behavior, the\n+00010ff0: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 ...grub-mkconfi\n+00011000: 67e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2077 696c g... command wil\n+00011010: 6c20 7365 7420 e280 9872 6f6f 74e2 8099 l set ...root...\n+00011020: 2074 6f20 e280 9872 6f6f 743d 5555 4944 to ...root=UUID\n+00011030: 3d2e 2e2e e280 990a 746f 2070 726f 7669 =.......to provi\n+00011040: 6465 2074 6865 2069 6e69 7472 6420 7769 de the initrd wi\n+00011050: 7468 2074 6865 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 th the filesyste\n+00011060: 6d20 5555 4944 206f 6620 7468 6520 726f m UUID of the ro\n+00011070: 6f74 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2e0a ot file system..\n+00011080: 0a20 2020 4966 206e 6f20 696e 6974 7264 . If no initrd\n+00011090: 2069 7320 6465 7465 6374 6564 206f 7220 is detected or \n+000110a0: e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f ...GRUB_DISABLE_\n+000110b0: 4c49 4e55 585f 5555 4944 e280 9920 6973 LINUX_UUID... is\n+000110c0: 2073 6574 2074 6f0a e280 9874 7275 65e2 set to....true.\n+000110d0: 8099 2074 6865 6e20 e280 9867 7275 622d .. then ...grub-\n+000110e0: 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 command... will \n+000110f0: 6964 656e 7469 6679 2074 6865 2072 6f6f identify the roo\n+00011100: 7420 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2062 7920 t filesystem by \n+00011110: 7365 7474 696e 670a 7468 6520 6b65 726e setting.the kern\n+00011120: 656c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 el command-line \n+00011130: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 variable ...root\n+00011140: e280 9920 746f 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 3d50 ... to ...root=P\n+00011150: 4152 5455 5549 443d 2e2e 2ee2 8099 2075 ARTUUID=...... u\n+00011160: 6e6c 6573 730a e280 9847 5255 425f 4449 nless....GRUB_DI\n+00011170: 5341 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 585f 5041 5254 SABLE_LINUX_PART\n+00011180: 5555 4944 e280 9920 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 UUID... is also \n+00011190: 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 7472 7565 e280 set to ...true..\n+000111a0: 992e 2020 4966 0ae2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 .. If....GRUB_D\n+000111b0: 4953 4142 4c45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f50 4152 ISABLE_LINUX_PAR\n+000111c0: 5455 5549 44e2 8099 2069 7320 616c 736f TUUID... is also\n+000111d0: 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 set to ...true.\n+000111e0: 8099 2c20 e280 9867 7275 622d 636f 6d6d .., ...grub-comm\n+000111f0: 616e 64e2 8099 2077 696c 6c0a 6964 656e and... will.iden\n+00011200: 7469 6679 2062 7920 6974 7320 4c69 6e75 tify by its Linu\n+00011210: 7820 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 652e 0a0a x device name...\n+00011220: 2020 2054 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 The following\n+00011230: 2074 6162 6c65 2073 756d 6d61 7269 7a65 table summarize\n+00011240: 7320 7468 6520 6265 6861 7669 6f72 206f s the behavior o\n+00011250: 6620 7468 6520 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b f the ...grub-mk\n+00011260: 636f 6e66 6967 e280 990a 636f 6d6d 616e config....comman\n+00011270: 642e 0a0a 496e 6974 7264 2020 2020 2047 d...Initrd G\n+00011280: 5255 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 RUB_DISABLE_LINU\n+00011290: 585f 5041 5254 5555 4944 2020 2047 5255 X_PARTUUID GRU\n+000112a0: 425f 4449 5341 424c 455f 4c49 4e55 585f B_DISABLE_LINUX_\n+000112b0: 5555 4944 2020 204c 696e 7578 2052 6f6f UUID Linux Roo\n+000112c0: 740a 6465 7465 6374 6564 2020 2053 6574 t.detected Set\n+000112d0: 2054 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 To \n+000112e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 2054 Set T\n+000112f0: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o \n+00011300: 2020 2020 2049 4420 4d65 7468 6f64 0a2d ID Method.-\n 00011310: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 00011320: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 00011330: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 00011340: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00011350: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 6661 6c73 -----------.fals\n-00011360: 6520 2020 2020 2066 616c 7365 2020 2020 e false \n+00011350: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00011360: 6661 6c73 6520 2020 2020 2066 616c 7365 false false\n 00011370: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00011380: 2020 2020 2066 616c 7365 2020 2020 2020 false \n-00011390: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 p\n-000113a0: 6172 7420 5555 4944 0a66 616c 7365 2020 art UUID.false \n-000113b0: 2020 2020 6661 6c73 6520 2020 2020 2020 false \n+00011380: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 616c 7365 2020 false \n+00011390: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000113a0: 2020 2070 6172 7420 5555 4944 0a66 616c part UUID.fal\n+000113b0: 7365 2020 2020 2020 6661 6c73 6520 2020 se false \n 000113c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000113d0: 2020 7472 7565 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 true \n-000113e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 part\n-000113f0: 2055 5549 440a 6661 6c73 6520 2020 2020 UUID.false \n-00011400: 2074 7275 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 true \n-00011410: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 f\n-00011420: 616c 7365 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 alse \n-00011430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 6576 206e 616d dev nam\n-00011440: 650a 6661 6c73 6520 2020 2020 2074 7275 e.false tru\n-00011450: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e \n-00011460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 7275 6520 true \n-00011470: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00011480: 2020 2020 2064 6576 206e 616d 650a 7472 dev name.tr\n-00011490: 7565 2020 2020 2020 2066 616c 7365 2020 ue false \n-000114a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000114b0: 2020 2020 2020 2066 616c 7365 2020 2020 false \n+000113d0: 2020 2020 2020 7472 7565 2020 2020 2020 true \n+000113e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000113f0: 7061 7274 2055 5549 440a 6661 6c73 6520 part UUID.false \n+00011400: 2020 2020 2074 7275 6520 2020 2020 2020 true \n+00011410: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00011420: 2020 2066 616c 7365 2020 2020 2020 2020 false \n+00011430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 6576 dev\n+00011440: 206e 616d 650a 6661 6c73 6520 2020 2020 name.false \n+00011450: 2074 7275 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 true \n+00011460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n+00011470: 7275 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rue \n+00011480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 6576 206e 616d dev nam\n+00011490: 650a 7472 7565 2020 2020 2020 2066 616c e.true fal\n+000114a0: 7365 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 se \n+000114b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 616c 7365 false\n 000114c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000114d0: 2066 7320 5555 4944 0a74 7275 6520 2020 fs UUID.true \n-000114e0: 2020 2020 6661 6c73 6520 2020 2020 2020 false \n+000114d0: 2020 2020 2066 7320 5555 4944 0a74 7275 fs UUID.tru\n+000114e0: 6520 2020 2020 2020 6661 6c73 6520 2020 e false \n 000114f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00011500: 2020 7472 7565 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 true \n-00011510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 part\n-00011520: 2055 5549 440a 7472 7565 2020 2020 2020 UUID.true \n-00011530: 2074 7275 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 true \n-00011540: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 f\n-00011550: 616c 7365 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 alse \n-00011560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 7320 5555 4944 fs UUID\n-00011570: 0a74 7275 6520 2020 2020 2020 7472 7565 .true true\n-00011580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00011590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7472 7565 2020 true \n-000115a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000115b0: 2020 2020 6465 7620 6e61 6d65 0a0a 2020 dev name.. \n-000115c0: 2052 656d 656d 6265 722c 20e2 8098 4752 Remember, ...GR\n-000115d0: 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 5f4c 494e 5558 UB_DISABLE_LINUX\n-000115e0: 5f50 4152 5455 5549 44e2 8099 2061 6e64 _PARTUUID... and\n-000115f0: 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 ...GRUB_DISABLE\n-00011600: 5f4c 494e 5558 5f55 5549 44e2 8099 0a61 _LINUX_UUID....a\n-00011610: 7265 2061 6c73 6f20 636f 6e73 6964 6572 re also consider\n-00011620: 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 ed to be set to \n-00011630: e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 ...true... and .\n-00011640: 8098 6661 6c73 65e2 8099 2c20 7265 7370 ..false..., resp\n-00011650: 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2c20 7768 656e 0a74 ectively, when.t\n-00011660: 6865 7920 6172 6520 756e 7365 742e 0a0a hey are unset...\n-00011670: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00011680: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5368 656c 6c2d o, Node: Shell-\n-00011690: 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 2c20 like scripting, \n-000116a0: 204e 6578 743a 204d 756c 7469 2d62 6f6f Next: Multi-boo\n-000116b0: 7420 6d61 6e75 616c 2063 6f6e 6669 672c t manual config,\n-000116c0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 526f 6f74 2049 6465 Prev: Root Ide\n-000116d0: 6e74 6966 6361 7469 6f6e 2048 6575 7269 ntifcation Heuri\n-000116e0: 7374 6963 732c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6e66 stics, Up: Conf\n-000116f0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 0a36 2e33 2057 iguration..6.3 W\n-00011700: 7269 7469 6e67 2066 756c 6c20 636f 6e66 riting full conf\n-00011710: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 iguration files \n-00011720: 6469 7265 6374 6c79 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d directly.=======\n+00011500: 2020 2020 2020 7472 7565 2020 2020 2020 true \n+00011510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00011520: 7061 7274 2055 5549 440a 7472 7565 2020 part UUID.true \n+00011530: 2020 2020 2074 7275 6520 2020 2020 2020 true \n+00011540: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00011550: 2020 2066 616c 7365 2020 2020 2020 2020 false \n+00011560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 7320 fs \n+00011570: 5555 4944 0a74 7275 6520 2020 2020 2020 UUID.true \n+00011580: 7472 7565 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 true \n+00011590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7472 tr\n+000115a0: 7565 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ue \n+000115b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6465 7620 6e61 6d65 dev name\n+000115c0: 0a0a 2020 2052 656d 656d 6265 722c 20e2 .. Remember, .\n+000115d0: 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 5f4c ..GRUB_DISABLE_L\n+000115e0: 494e 5558 5f50 4152 5455 5549 44e2 8099 INUX_PARTUUID...\n+000115f0: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 and ...GRUB_DIS\n+00011600: 4142 4c45 5f4c 494e 5558 5f55 5549 44e2 ABLE_LINUX_UUID.\n+00011610: 8099 0a61 7265 2061 6c73 6f20 636f 6e73 ...are also cons\n+00011620: 6964 6572 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2073 6574 idered to be set\n+00011630: 2074 6f20 e280 9874 7275 65e2 8099 2061 to ...true... a\n+00011640: 6e64 20e2 8098 6661 6c73 65e2 8099 2c20 nd ...false..., \n+00011650: 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2c20 7768 respectively, wh\n+00011660: 656e 0a74 6865 7920 6172 6520 756e 7365 en.they are unse\n+00011670: 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 t.....File: grub\n+00011680: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5368 .info, Node: Sh\n+00011690: 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 ell-like scripti\n+000116a0: 6e67 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204d 756c 7469 ng, Next: Multi\n+000116b0: 2d62 6f6f 7420 6d61 6e75 616c 2063 6f6e -boot manual con\n+000116c0: 6669 672c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 526f 6f74 fig, Prev: Root\n+000116d0: 2049 6465 6e74 6966 6361 7469 6f6e 2048 Identifcation H\n+000116e0: 6575 7269 7374 6963 732c 2020 5570 3a20 euristics, Up: \n+000116f0: 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 0a36 Configuration..6\n+00011700: 2e33 2057 7269 7469 6e67 2066 756c 6c20 .3 Writing full \n+00011710: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n+00011720: 6c65 7320 6469 7265 6374 6c79 0a3d 3d3d les directly.===\n 00011730: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00011740: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00011750: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a e280 9867 7275 622e ======.....grub.\n-00011760: 6366 67e2 8099 2069 7320 7772 6974 7465 cfg... is writte\n-00011770: 6e20 696e 2047 5255 4227 7320 6275 696c n in GRUB's buil\n-00011780: 742d 696e 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 206c t-in scripting l\n-00011790: 616e 6775 6167 652c 2077 6869 6368 2068 anguage, which h\n-000117a0: 6173 2061 0a73 796e 7461 7820 7175 6974 as a.syntax quit\n-000117b0: 6520 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 746f 2074 6861 e similar to tha\n-000117c0: 7420 6f66 2047 4e55 2042 6173 6820 616e t of GNU Bash an\n-000117d0: 6420 6f74 6865 7220 426f 7572 6e65 2073 d other Bourne s\n-000117e0: 6865 6c6c 0a64 6572 6976 6174 6976 6573 hell.derivatives\n-000117f0: 2e0a 0a57 6f72 6473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ...Words.=====..\n-00011800: 4120 e280 9c77 6f72 64e2 809d 2069 7320 A ...word... is \n-00011810: 6120 7365 7175 656e 6365 206f 6620 6368 a sequence of ch\n-00011820: 6172 6163 7465 7273 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 aracters conside\n-00011830: 7265 6420 6173 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 red as a single \n-00011840: 756e 6974 2062 790a 4752 5542 2e20 2057 unit by.GRUB. W\n-00011850: 6f72 6473 2061 7265 2073 6570 6172 6174 ords are separat\n-00011860: 6564 2062 7920 e280 9c6d 6574 6163 6861 ed by ...metacha\n-00011870: 7261 6374 6572 73e2 809d 2c20 7768 6963 racters..., whic\n-00011880: 6820 6172 6520 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 h are the follow\n-00011890: 696e 670a 706c 7573 2073 7061 6365 2c20 ing.plus space, \n-000118a0: 7461 622c 2061 6e64 206e 6577 6c69 6e65 tab, and newline\n-000118b0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 7b20 7d20 7c20 2620 :.. { } | & \n-000118c0: 2420 3b20 3c20 3e0a 0a20 2020 5175 6f74 $ ; < >.. Quot\n-000118d0: 696e 6720 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 ing may be used \n-000118e0: 746f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 206d 6574 6163 to include metac\n-000118f0: 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 696e 2077 6f72 haracters in wor\n-00011900: 6473 3b20 7365 6520 6265 6c6f 772e 0a0a ds; see below...\n-00011910: 5265 7365 7276 6564 2077 6f72 6473 0a3d Reserved words.=\n-00011920: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a52 =============..R\n-00011930: 6573 6572 7665 6420 776f 7264 7320 6861 eserved words ha\n-00011940: 7665 2061 2073 7065 6369 616c 206d 6561 ve a special mea\n-00011950: 6e69 6e67 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2e20 5468 ning to GRUB. Th\n-00011960: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 776f 7264 e following word\n-00011970: 7320 6172 650a 7265 636f 676e 6973 6564 s are.recognised\n-00011980: 2061 7320 7265 7365 7276 6564 2077 6865 as reserved whe\n-00011990: 6e20 756e 7175 6f74 6564 2061 6e64 2065 n unquoted and e\n-000119a0: 6974 6865 7220 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 ither the first \n-000119b0: 776f 7264 206f 6620 610a 7369 6d70 6c65 word of a.simple\n-000119c0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206f 7220 7468 6520 command or the \n-000119d0: 7468 6972 6420 776f 7264 206f 6620 6120 third word of a \n-000119e0: e280 9866 6f72 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e ...for... comman\n-000119f0: 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 2021 205b 5b20 5d5d d:.. ! [[ ]]\n-00011a00: 207b 207d 0a20 2020 2020 6361 7365 2064 { }. case d\n-00011a10: 6f20 646f 6e65 2065 6c69 6620 656c 7365 o done elif else\n-00011a20: 2065 7361 6320 6669 2066 6f72 2066 756e esac fi for fun\n-00011a30: 6374 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2069 6620 696e ction. if in\n-00011a40: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2073 656c 6563 menuentry selec\n-00011a50: 7420 7468 656e 2074 696d 6520 756e 7469 t then time unti\n-00011a60: 6c20 7768 696c 650a 0a20 2020 4e6f 7420 l while.. Not \n-00011a70: 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2072 6573 all of these res\n-00011a80: 6572 7665 6420 776f 7264 7320 6861 7665 erved words have\n-00011a90: 2061 2075 7365 6675 6c20 7075 7270 6f73 a useful purpos\n-00011aa0: 6520 7965 743b 2073 6f6d 6520 6172 650a e yet; some are.\n-00011ab0: 7265 7365 7276 6564 2066 6f72 2066 7574 reserved for fut\n-00011ac0: 7572 6520 6578 7061 6e73 696f 6e2e 0a0a ure expansion...\n-00011ad0: 5175 6f74 696e 670a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a Quoting.=======.\n-00011ae0: 0a51 756f 7469 6e67 2069 7320 7573 6564 .Quoting is used\n-00011af0: 2074 6f20 7265 6d6f 7665 2074 6865 2073 to remove the s\n-00011b00: 7065 6369 616c 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 206f pecial meaning o\n-00011b10: 6620 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6368 6172 6163 f certain charac\n-00011b20: 7465 7273 206f 720a 776f 7264 732e 2020 ters or.words. \n-00011b30: 4974 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 It can be used t\n-00011b40: 6f20 7472 6561 7420 6d65 7461 6368 6172 o treat metachar\n-00011b50: 6163 7465 7273 2061 7320 7061 7274 206f acters as part o\n-00011b60: 6620 6120 776f 7264 2c20 746f 0a70 7265 f a word, to.pre\n-00011b70: 7665 6e74 2072 6573 6572 7665 6420 776f vent reserved wo\n-00011b80: 7264 7320 6672 6f6d 2062 6569 6e67 2072 rds from being r\n-00011b90: 6563 6f67 6e69 7365 6420 6173 2073 7563 ecognised as suc\n-00011ba0: 682c 2061 6e64 2074 6f20 7072 6576 656e h, and to preven\n-00011bb0: 740a 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2065 7870 616e t.variable expan\n-00011bc0: 7369 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6572 6520 sion... There \n-00011bd0: 6172 6520 7468 7265 6520 7175 6f74 696e are three quotin\n-00011be0: 6720 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d73 3a20 7468 g mechanisms: th\n-00011bf0: 6520 6573 6361 7065 2063 6861 7261 6374 e escape charact\n-00011c00: 6572 2c20 7369 6e67 6c65 0a71 756f 7465 er, single.quote\n-00011c10: 732c 2061 6e64 2064 6f75 626c 6520 7175 s, and double qu\n-00011c20: 6f74 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 4120 6e6f 6e2d otes... A non-\n-00011c30: 7175 6f74 6564 2062 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 quoted backslash\n-00011c40: 2028 5c29 2069 7320 7468 6520 e280 9c65 (\\) is the ...e\n-00011c50: 7363 6170 6520 6368 6172 6163 7465 72e2 scape character.\n-00011c60: 809d 2e20 2049 7420 7072 6573 6572 7665 ... It preserve\n-00011c70: 730a 7468 6520 6c69 7465 7261 6c20 7661 s.the literal va\n-00011c80: 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6865 206e 6578 7420 lue of the next \n-00011c90: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 7468 6174 2066 character that f\n-00011ca0: 6f6c 6c6f 7773 2c20 7769 7468 2074 6865 ollows, with the\n-00011cb0: 2065 7863 6570 7469 6f6e 0a6f 6620 6e65 exception.of ne\n-00011cc0: 776c 696e 652e 0a0a 2020 2045 6e63 6c6f wline... Enclo\n-00011cd0: 7369 6e67 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 sing characters \n-00011ce0: 696e 2073 696e 676c 6520 7175 6f74 6573 in single quotes\n-00011cf0: 2070 7265 7365 7276 6573 2074 6865 206c preserves the l\n-00011d00: 6974 6572 616c 2076 616c 7565 206f 660a iteral value of.\n-00011d10: 6561 6368 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 2077 each character w\n-00011d20: 6974 6869 6e20 7468 6520 7175 6f74 6573 ithin the quotes\n-00011d30: 2e20 2041 2073 696e 676c 6520 7175 6f74 . A single quot\n-00011d40: 6520 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6f63 6375 7220 e may not occur \n-00011d50: 6265 7477 6565 6e0a 7369 6e67 6c65 2071 between.single q\n-00011d60: 756f 7465 732c 2065 7665 6e20 7768 656e uotes, even when\n-00011d70: 2070 7265 6365 6465 6420 6279 2061 2062 preceded by a b\n-00011d80: 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 2e0a 0a20 2020 456e ackslash... En\n-00011d90: 636c 6f73 696e 6720 6368 6172 6163 7465 closing characte\n-00011da0: 7273 2069 6e20 646f 7562 6c65 2071 756f rs in double quo\n-00011db0: 7465 7320 7072 6573 6572 7665 7320 7468 tes preserves th\n-00011dc0: 6520 6c69 7465 7261 6c20 7661 6c75 6520 e literal value \n-00011dd0: 6f66 0a61 6c6c 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 of.all character\n-00011de0: 7320 7769 7468 696e 2074 6865 2071 756f s within the quo\n-00011df0: 7465 732c 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6578 tes, with the ex\n-00011e00: 6365 7074 696f 6e20 6f66 20e2 8098 24e2 ception of ...$.\n-00011e10: 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 5ce2 8099 2e0a .. and ...\\.....\n-00011e20: 5468 6520 e280 9824 e280 9920 6368 6172 The ...$... char\n-00011e30: 6163 7465 7220 7265 7461 696e 7320 6974 acter retains it\n-00011e40: 7320 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6d65 616e 696e s special meanin\n-00011e50: 6720 7769 7468 696e 2064 6f75 626c 6520 g within double \n-00011e60: 7175 6f74 6573 2e20 2054 6865 0a62 6163 quotes. The.bac\n-00011e70: 6b73 6c61 7368 2072 6574 6169 6e73 2069 kslash retains i\n-00011e80: 7473 2073 7065 6369 616c 206d 6561 6e69 ts special meani\n-00011e90: 6e67 206f 6e6c 7920 7768 656e 2066 6f6c ng only when fol\n-00011ea0: 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 206f 6e65 206f 6620 lowed by one of \n-00011eb0: 7468 650a 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6368 the.following ch\n-00011ec0: 6172 6163 7465 7273 3a20 e280 9824 e280 aracters: ...$..\n-00011ed0: 992c 20e2 8098 22e2 8099 2c20 e280 985c ., ...\"..., ...\\\n-00011ee0: e280 992c 206f 7220 6e65 776c 696e 652e ..., or newline.\n-00011ef0: 2020 4120 6261 636b 736c 6173 682d 6e65 A backslash-ne\n-00011f00: 776c 696e 650a 7061 6972 2069 7320 7472 wline.pair is tr\n-00011f10: 6561 7465 6420 6173 2061 206c 696e 6520 eated as a line \n-00011f20: 636f 6e74 696e 7561 7469 6f6e 2028 7468 continuation (th\n-00011f30: 6174 2069 732c 2069 7420 6973 2072 656d at is, it is rem\n-00011f40: 6f76 6564 2066 726f 6d20 7468 650a 696e oved from the.in\n-00011f50: 7075 7420 7374 7265 616d 2061 6e64 2065 put stream and e\n-00011f60: 6666 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2069 676e 6f72 ffectively ignor\n-00011f70: 6564 2831 2920 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 6865 ed(1) (*note She\n-00011f80: 6c6c 2d6c 696b 650a 7363 7269 7074 696e ll-like.scriptin\n-00011f90: 672d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 3a3a 2929 g-Footnote-1::))\n-00011fa0: 2e20 2041 2064 6f75 626c 6520 7175 6f74 . A double quot\n-00011fb0: 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2071 756f 7465 6420 e may be quoted \n-00011fc0: 7769 7468 696e 2064 6f75 626c 650a 7175 within double.qu\n-00011fd0: 6f74 6573 2062 7920 7072 6563 6564 696e otes by precedin\n-00011fe0: 6720 6974 2077 6974 6820 6120 6261 636b g it with a back\n-00011ff0: 736c 6173 682e 0a0a 5661 7269 6162 6c65 slash...Variable\n-00012000: 2065 7870 616e 7369 6f6e 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d expansion.=====\n-00012010: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 =============..T\n-00012020: 6865 20e2 8098 24e2 8099 2063 6861 7261 he ...$... chara\n-00012030: 6374 6572 2069 6e74 726f 6475 6365 7320 cter introduces \n-00012040: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2065 7870 616e 7369 variable expansi\n-00012050: 6f6e 2e20 2054 6865 2076 6172 6961 626c on. The variabl\n-00012060: 6520 6e61 6d65 2074 6f0a 6265 2065 7870 e name to.be exp\n-00012070: 616e 6465 6420 6d61 7920 6265 2065 6e63 anded may be enc\n-00012080: 6c6f 7365 6420 696e 2062 7261 6365 732c losed in braces,\n-00012090: 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 206f 7074 696f which are optio\n-000120a0: 6e61 6c20 6275 7420 7365 7276 6520 746f nal but serve to\n-000120b0: 0a70 726f 7465 6374 2074 6865 2076 6172 .protect the var\n-000120c0: 6961 626c 6520 746f 2062 6520 6578 7061 iable to be expa\n-000120d0: 6e64 6564 2066 726f 6d20 6368 6172 6163 nded from charac\n-000120e0: 7465 7273 2069 6d6d 6564 6961 7465 6c79 ters immediately\n-000120f0: 0a66 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2069 7420 7768 .following it wh\n-00012100: 6963 6820 636f 756c 6420 6265 2069 6e74 ich could be int\n-00012110: 6572 7072 6574 6564 2061 7320 7061 7274 erpreted as part\n-00012120: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 2e0a 0a20 of the name... \n-00012130: 2020 4e6f 726d 616c 2076 6172 6961 626c Normal variabl\n-00012140: 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6265 6769 6e20 7769 e names begin wi\n-00012150: 7468 2061 6e20 616c 7068 6162 6574 6963 th an alphabetic\n-00012160: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 2c20 666f 6c6c character, foll\n-00012170: 6f77 6564 2062 790a 7a65 726f 206f 7220 owed by.zero or \n-00012180: 6d6f 7265 2061 6c70 6861 6e75 6d65 7269 more alphanumeri\n-00012190: 6320 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2e20 2054 c characters. T\n-000121a0: 6865 7365 206e 616d 6573 2072 6566 6572 hese names refer\n-000121b0: 2074 6f20 656e 7472 6965 7320 696e 0a74 to entries in.t\n-000121c0: 6865 2047 5255 4220 656e 7669 726f 6e6d he GRUB environm\n-000121d0: 656e 7420 282a 6e6f 7465 2045 6e76 6972 ent (*note Envir\n-000121e0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2050 onment::)... P\n-000121f0: 6f73 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 7661 7269 6162 ositional variab\n-00012200: 6c65 206e 616d 6573 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 le names consist\n-00012210: 206f 6620 6f6e 6520 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 of one or more \n-00012220: 6469 6769 7473 2e20 2054 6865 790a 7265 digits. They.re\n-00012230: 7072 6573 656e 7420 7061 7261 6d65 7465 present paramete\n-00012240: 7273 2070 6173 7365 6420 746f 2066 756e rs passed to fun\n-00012250: 6374 696f 6e20 6361 6c6c 732c 2077 6974 ction calls, wit\n-00012260: 6820 e280 9824 31e2 8099 2072 6570 7265 h ...$1... repre\n-00012270: 7365 6e74 696e 670a 7468 6520 6669 7273 senting.the firs\n-00012280: 7420 7061 7261 6d65 7465 722c 2061 6e64 t parameter, and\n-00012290: 2073 6f20 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 so on... The \n-000122a0: 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7661 7269 6162 6c65 special variable\n-000122b0: 206e 616d 6520 e280 983f e280 9920 6578 name ...?... ex\n-000122c0: 7061 6e64 7320 746f 2074 6865 2065 7869 pands to the exi\n-000122d0: 7420 7374 6174 7573 206f 6620 7468 6520 t status of the \n-000122e0: 6d6f 7374 0a72 6563 656e 746c 7920 6578 most.recently ex\n-000122f0: 6563 7574 6564 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e20 ecuted command. \n-00012300: 2057 6865 6e20 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c When positional\n-00012310: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 variable names \n-00012320: 6172 6520 6163 7469 7665 2c0a 6f74 6865 are active,.othe\n-00012330: 7220 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7661 7269 6162 r special variab\n-00012340: 6c65 206e 616d 6573 20e2 8098 40e2 8099 le names ...@...\n-00012350: 2c20 e280 982a e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 , ...*... and ..\n-00012360: 9823 e280 9920 6172 6520 6465 6669 6e65 .#... are define\n-00012370: 6420 616e 6420 7468 6579 0a65 7870 616e d and they.expan\n-00012380: 6420 746f 2061 6c6c 2070 6f73 6974 696f d to all positio\n-00012390: 6e61 6c20 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2077 nal parameters w\n-000123a0: 6974 6820 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 7175 ith necessary qu\n-000123b0: 6f74 696e 672c 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e61 oting, positiona\n-000123c0: 6c0a 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2077 6974 l.parameters wit\n-000123d0: 686f 7574 2061 6e79 2071 756f 7469 6e67 hout any quoting\n-000123e0: 2c20 616e 6420 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c , and positional\n-000123f0: 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 2063 6f75 6e74 parameter count\n-00012400: 0a72 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c 792e 0a0a .respectively...\n-00012410: 436f 6d6d 656e 7473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d Comments.=======\n-00012420: 3d0a 0a41 2077 6f72 6420 6265 6769 6e6e =..A word beginn\n-00012430: 696e 6720 7769 7468 20e2 8098 23e2 8099 ing with ...#...\n-00012440: 2063 6175 7365 7320 7468 6174 2077 6f72 causes that wor\n-00012450: 6420 616e 6420 616c 6c20 7265 6d61 696e d and all remain\n-00012460: 696e 6720 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 0a6f ing characters.o\n-00012470: 6e20 7468 6174 206c 696e 6520 746f 2062 n that line to b\n-00012480: 6520 6967 6e6f 7265 642e 0a0a 5369 6d70 e ignored...Simp\n-00012490: 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 3d3d 3d3d le commands.====\n-000124a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a41 20e2 ===========..A .\n-000124b0: 809c 7369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ..simple command\n-000124c0: e280 9d20 6973 2061 2073 6571 7565 6e63 ... is a sequenc\n-000124d0: 6520 6f66 2077 6f72 6473 2073 6570 6172 e of words separ\n-000124e0: 6174 6564 2062 7920 7370 6163 6573 206f ated by spaces o\n-000124f0: 7220 7461 6273 0a61 6e64 2074 6572 6d69 r tabs.and termi\n-00012500: 6e61 7465 6420 6279 2061 2073 656d 6963 nated by a semic\n-00012510: 6f6c 6f6e 206f 7220 6120 6e65 776c 696e olon or a newlin\n-00012520: 652e 2020 5468 6520 6669 7273 7420 776f e. The first wo\n-00012530: 7264 2073 7065 6369 6669 6573 0a74 6865 rd specifies.the\n-00012540: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2074 6f20 6265 2065 command to be e\n-00012550: 7865 6375 7465 642e 2020 5468 6520 7265 xecuted. The re\n-00012560: 6d61 696e 696e 6720 776f 7264 7320 6172 maining words ar\n-00012570: 6520 7061 7373 6564 2061 7320 6172 6775 e passed as argu\n-00012580: 6d65 6e74 730a 746f 2074 6865 2069 6e76 ments.to the inv\n-00012590: 6f6b 6564 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a20 oked command... \n-000125a0: 2020 5468 6520 7265 7475 726e 2076 616c The return val\n-000125b0: 7565 206f 6620 6120 7369 6d70 6c65 2063 ue of a simple c\n-000125c0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6974 7320 6578 ommand is its ex\n-000125d0: 6974 2073 7461 7475 732e 2020 4966 2074 it status. If t\n-000125e0: 6865 0a72 6573 6572 7665 6420 776f 7264 he.reserved word\n-000125f0: 20e2 8098 21e2 8099 2070 7265 6365 6465 ...!... precede\n-00012600: 7320 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642c 2074 s the command, t\n-00012610: 6865 6e20 7468 6520 7265 7475 726e 2076 hen the return v\n-00012620: 616c 7565 2069 7320 696e 7374 6561 640a alue is instead.\n-00012630: 7468 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 6e65 6761 the logical nega\n-00012640: 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d tion of the comm\n-00012650: 616e 6427 7320 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 and's exit statu\n-00012660: 732e 0a0a 436f 6d70 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6d s...Compound com\n-00012670: 6d61 6e64 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d mands.==========\n-00012680: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a41 20e2 809c 636f =======..A ...co\n-00012690: 6d70 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 e280 mpound command..\n-000126a0: 9d20 6973 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 . is one of the \n-000126b0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 673a 0a0a 666f 7220 following:..for \n-000126c0: 4e41 4d45 2069 6e20 574f 5244 202e 2e2e NAME in WORD ...\n-000126d0: 3b20 646f 204c 4953 543b 2064 6f6e 650a ; do LIST; done.\n-000126e0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 The list of\n-000126f0: 2077 6f72 6473 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 words following\n-00012700: 20e2 8098 696e e280 9920 6973 2065 7870 ...in... is exp\n-00012710: 616e 6465 642c 2067 656e 6572 6174 696e anded, generatin\n-00012720: 6720 6120 6c69 7374 206f 660a 2020 2020 g a list of. \n-00012730: 2069 7465 6d73 2e20 2054 6865 2076 6172 items. The var\n-00012740: 6961 626c 6520 4e41 4d45 2069 7320 7365 iable NAME is se\n-00012750: 7420 746f 2065 6163 6820 656c 656d 656e t to each elemen\n-00012760: 7420 6f66 2074 6869 7320 6c69 7374 2069 t of this list i\n-00012770: 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 7572 6e2c 2061 6e64 n. turn, and\n-00012780: 204c 4953 5420 6973 2065 7865 6375 7465 LIST is execute\n-00012790: 6420 6561 6368 2074 696d 652e 2020 5468 d each time. Th\n-000127a0: 6520 7265 7475 726e 2076 616c 7565 2069 e return value i\n-000127b0: 7320 7468 6520 6578 6974 0a20 2020 2020 s the exit. \n-000127c0: 7374 6174 7573 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c61 status of the la\n-000127d0: 7374 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2074 6861 7420 st command that \n-000127e0: 6578 6563 7574 6573 2e20 2049 6620 7468 executes. If th\n-000127f0: 6520 6578 7061 6e73 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 e expansion of t\n-00012800: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d 7320 666f he. items fo\n-00012810: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 e280 9869 6ee2 8099 llowing ...in...\n-00012820: 2072 6573 756c 7473 2069 6e20 616e 2065 results in an e\n-00012830: 6d70 7479 206c 6973 742c 206e 6f20 636f mpty list, no co\n-00012840: 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 mmands are. \n-00012850: 6578 6563 7574 6564 2c20 616e 6420 7468 executed, and th\n-00012860: 6520 7265 7475 726e 2073 7461 7475 7320 e return status \n-00012870: 6973 2030 2e0a 0a69 6620 4c49 5354 3b20 is 0...if LIST; \n-00012880: 7468 656e 204c 4953 543b 205b 656c 6966 then LIST; [elif\n-00012890: 204c 4953 543b 2074 6865 6e20 4c49 5354 LIST; then LIST\n-000128a0: 3b5d 202e 2e2e 205b 656c 7365 204c 4953 ;] ... [else LIS\n-000128b0: 543b 5d20 6669 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 T;] fi. The \n-000128c0: e280 9869 66e2 8099 204c 4953 5420 6973 ...if... LIST is\n-000128d0: 2065 7865 6375 7465 642c 2077 6865 7265 executed, where\n-000128e0: 204c 4953 5420 6973 2061 2073 6572 6965 LIST is a serie\n-000128f0: 7320 6f66 20e2 809c 7369 6d70 6c65 0a20 s of ...simple. \n-00012900: 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 809d 7320 command...s \n-00012910: 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2061 2022 separated by a \"\n-00012920: 3b22 2e20 2049 6620 6974 7320 6578 6974 ;\". If its exit\n-00012930: 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 2074 6865 206c status of the l\n-00012940: 6173 740a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ast. command\n-00012950: 2069 7320 7a65 726f 2c20 7468 6520 e280 is zero, the ..\n-00012960: 9874 6865 6ee2 8099 204c 4953 5420 6973 .then... LIST is\n-00012970: 2065 7865 6375 7465 642e 2020 4f74 6865 executed. Othe\n-00012980: 7277 6973 652c 2065 6163 680a 2020 2020 rwise, each. \n-00012990: 20e2 8098 656c 6966 e280 9920 4c49 5354 ...elif... LIST\n-000129a0: 2069 7320 6578 6563 7574 6564 2069 6e20 is executed in \n-000129b0: 7475 726e 2c20 616e 6420 6966 2069 7473 turn, and if its\n-000129c0: 206c 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 6427 7320 last command's \n-000129d0: 6578 6974 0a20 2020 2020 7374 6174 7573 exit. status\n-000129e0: 2069 7320 7a65 726f 2c20 7468 6520 636f is zero, the co\n-000129f0: 7272 6573 706f 6e64 696e 6720 e280 9874 rresponding ...t\n-00012a00: 6865 6ee2 8099 204c 4953 5420 6973 2065 hen... LIST is e\n-00012a10: 7865 6375 7465 6420 616e 6420 7468 650a xecuted and the.\n-00012a20: 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2063 6f6d command com\n-00012a30: 706c 6574 6573 2e20 204f 7468 6572 7769 pletes. Otherwi\n-00012a40: 7365 2c20 7468 6520 e280 9865 6c73 65e2 se, the ...else.\n-00012a50: 8099 204c 4953 5420 6973 2065 7865 6375 .. LIST is execu\n-00012a60: 7465 642c 2069 660a 2020 2020 2070 7265 ted, if. pre\n-00012a70: 7365 6e74 2e20 2054 6865 2065 7869 7420 sent. The exit \n-00012a80: 7374 6174 7573 2069 7320 7468 6520 6578 status is the ex\n-00012a90: 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 2074 6865 it status of the\n-00012aa0: 206c 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 last command. \n-00012ab0: 2020 2065 7865 6375 7465 642c 206f 7220 executed, or \n-00012ac0: 7a65 726f 2069 6620 6e6f 2063 6f6e 6469 zero if no condi\n-00012ad0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6573 7465 6420 7472 7565 tion tested true\n-00012ae0: 2e0a 0a77 6869 6c65 2043 4f4e 443b 2064 ...while COND; d\n-00012af0: 6f20 4c49 5354 3b20 646f 6e65 0a75 6e74 o LIST; done.unt\n-00012b00: 696c 2043 4f4e 443b 2064 6f20 4c49 5354 il COND; do LIST\n-00012b10: 3b20 646f 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 ; done. The \n-00012b20: e280 9877 6869 6c65 e280 9920 636f 6d6d ...while... comm\n-00012b30: 616e 6420 636f 6e74 696e 756f 7573 6c79 and continuously\n-00012b40: 2065 7865 6375 7465 7320 7468 6520 e280 executes the ..\n-00012b50: 9864 6fe2 8099 204c 4953 5420 6173 206c .do... LIST as l\n-00012b60: 6f6e 6720 6173 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 ong as. the \n-00012b70: 6c61 7374 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 6e20 last command in \n-00012b80: 434f 4e44 2072 6574 7572 6e73 2061 6e20 COND returns an \n-00012b90: 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 207a exit status of z\n-00012ba0: 6572 6f2c 2077 6865 7265 2043 4f4e 440a ero, where COND.\n-00012bb0: 2020 2020 2069 7320 6120 6c69 7374 206f is a list o\n-00012bc0: 6620 e280 9c73 696d 706c 6520 636f 6d6d f ...simple comm\n-00012bd0: 616e 64e2 809d 7320 7365 7061 7261 7465 and...s separate\n-00012be0: 6420 6279 2061 2022 3b22 2e20 2054 6865 d by a \";\". The\n-00012bf0: 20e2 8098 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 0a20 2020 ...until.... \n-00012c00: 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 2069 6465 command is ide\n-00012c10: 6e74 6963 616c 2074 6f20 7468 6520 e280 ntical to the ..\n-00012c20: 9877 6869 6c65 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e .while... comman\n-00012c30: 642c 2065 7863 6570 7420 7468 6174 2074 d, except that t\n-00012c40: 6865 2074 6573 740a 2020 2020 2069 7320 he test. is \n-00012c50: 6e65 6761 7465 643b 2074 6865 20e2 8098 negated; the ...\n-00012c60: 646f e280 9920 4c49 5354 2069 7320 6578 do... LIST is ex\n-00012c70: 6563 7574 6564 2061 7320 6c6f 6e67 2061 ecuted as long a\n-00012c80: 7320 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2063 6f6d 6d61 s the last comma\n-00012c90: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2043 4f4e 4420 nd. in COND \n-00012ca0: 7265 7475 726e 7320 6120 6e6f 6e2d 7a65 returns a non-ze\n-00012cb0: 726f 2065 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 2e20 ro exit status. \n-00012cc0: 2054 6865 2065 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 The exit status\n-00012cd0: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 of the. ...\n-00012ce0: 7768 696c 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 while... and ...\n-00012cf0: 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 until... command\n-00012d00: 7320 6973 2074 6865 2065 7869 7420 7374 s is the exit st\n-00012d10: 6174 7573 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c61 7374 atus of the last\n-00012d20: 20e2 8098 646f e280 990a 2020 2020 204c ...do.... L\n-00012d30: 4953 5420 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6578 6563 IST command exec\n-00012d40: 7574 6564 2c20 6f72 207a 6572 6f20 6966 uted, or zero if\n-00012d50: 206e 6f6e 6520 7761 7320 6578 6563 7574 none was execut\n-00012d60: 6564 2e0a 0a66 756e 6374 696f 6e20 4e41 ed...function NA\n-00012d70: 4d45 207b 2043 4f4d 4d41 4e44 3b20 2e2e ME { COMMAND; ..\n-00012d80: 2e20 7d0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6465 . }. This de\n-00012d90: 6669 6e65 7320 6120 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e fines a function\n-00012da0: 206e 616d 6564 204e 414d 452e 2020 5468 named NAME. Th\n-00012db0: 6520 e280 9c62 6f64 79e2 809d 206f 6620 e ...body... of \n-00012dc0: 7468 6520 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2069 730a the function is.\n-00012dd0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 the list of\n-00012de0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7769 7468 696e commands within\n-00012df0: 2062 7261 6365 732c 2065 6163 6820 6f66 braces, each of\n-00012e00: 2077 6869 6368 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a20 which must be. \n-00012e10: 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e 6174 6564 2077 terminated w\n-00012e20: 6974 6820 6120 7365 6d69 636f 6c6f 6e20 ith a semicolon \n-00012e30: 6f72 2061 206e 6577 6c69 6e65 2e20 2054 or a newline. T\n-00012e40: 6869 7320 6c69 7374 206f 6620 636f 6d6d his list of comm\n-00012e50: 616e 6473 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 ands. will b\n-00012e60: 6520 6578 6563 7574 6564 2077 6865 6e65 e executed whene\n-00012e70: 7665 7220 4e41 4d45 2069 7320 7370 6563 ver NAME is spec\n-00012e80: 6966 6965 6420 6173 2074 6865 206e 616d ified as the nam\n-00012e90: 6520 6f66 2061 2073 696d 706c 650a 2020 e of a simple. \n-00012ea0: 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e20 2046 756e command. Fun\n-00012eb0: 6374 696f 6e20 6465 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e ction definition\n-00012ec0: 7320 646f 206e 6f74 2061 6666 6563 7420 s do not affect \n-00012ed0: 7468 6520 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 the exit status \n-00012ee0: 696e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9824 3fe2 8099 in. ...$?...\n-00012ef0: 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 6578 6563 7574 6564 . When executed\n-00012f00: 2c20 7468 6520 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 , the exit statu\n-00012f10: 7320 6f66 2061 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 s of a function \n-00012f20: 6973 2074 6865 2065 7869 740a 2020 2020 is the exit. \n-00012f30: 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 2074 6865 206c status of the l\n-00012f40: 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6578 6563 ast command exec\n-00012f50: 7574 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 626f 6479 uted in the body\n-00012f60: 2e0a 0a6d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2054 4954 ...menuentry TIT\n-00012f70: 4c45 205b e280 982d 2d63 6c61 7373 3d63 LE [...--class=c\n-00012f80: 6c61 7373 e280 9920 2e2e 2e5d 205b e280 lass... ...] [..\n-00012f90: 982d 2d75 7365 7273 3d75 7365 7273 e280 .--users=users..\n-00012fa0: 995d 205b e280 982d 2d75 6e72 6573 7472 .] [...--unrestr\n-00012fb0: 6963 7465 64e2 8099 5d20 5be2 8098 2d2d icted...] [...--\n-00012fc0: 686f 746b 6579 3d6b 6579 e280 995d 205b hotkey=key...] [\n-00012fd0: e280 982d 2d69 643d 6964 e280 995d 207b ...--id=id...] {\n-00012fe0: 2043 4f4d 4d41 4e44 3b20 2e2e 2e20 7d0a COMMAND; ... }.\n-00012ff0: 2020 2020 202a 4e6f 7465 206d 656e 7565 *Note menue\n-00013000: 6e74 7279 3a3a 2e0a 0a42 7569 6c74 2d69 ntry::...Built-i\n-00013010: 6e20 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d n Commands.=====\n-00013020: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 536f ============..So\n-00013030: 6d65 2062 7569 6c74 2d69 6e20 636f 6d6d me built-in comm\n-00013040: 616e 6473 2061 7265 2061 6c73 6f20 7072 ands are also pr\n-00013050: 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 2073 ovided by GRUB s\n-00013060: 6372 6970 7420 746f 2068 656c 7020 7363 cript to help sc\n-00013070: 7269 7074 0a77 7269 7465 7273 2070 6572 ript.writers per\n-00013080: 666f 726d 2061 6374 696f 6e73 2074 6861 form actions tha\n-00013090: 7420 6172 6520 6f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 t are otherwise \n-000130a0: 6e6f 7420 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2e20 2046 not possible. F\n-000130b0: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c0a 7468 6573 or example,.thes\n-000130c0: 6520 696e 636c 7564 6520 636f 6d6d 616e e include comman\n-000130d0: 6473 2074 6f20 6a75 6d70 206f 7574 206f ds to jump out o\n-000130e0: 6620 6120 6c6f 6f70 2077 6974 686f 7574 f a loop without\n-000130f0: 2066 756c 6c79 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 696e fully completin\n-00013100: 670a 6974 2c20 6574 632e 0a0a 6272 6561 g.it, etc...brea\n-00013110: 6b20 5be2 8098 6ee2 8099 5d0a 2020 2020 k [...n...]. \n-00013120: 2045 7869 7420 6672 6f6d 2077 6974 6869 Exit from withi\n-00013130: 6e20 6120 e280 9866 6f72 e280 992c 20e2 n a ...for..., .\n-00013140: 8098 7768 696c 65e2 8099 2c20 6f72 20e2 ..while..., or .\n-00013150: 8098 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 206c 6f6f 702e ..until... loop.\n-00013160: 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 730a If ...n... is.\n-00013170: 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2c20 specified, \n-00013180: 6272 6561 6b20 e280 986e e280 9920 6c65 break ...n... le\n-00013190: 7665 6c73 2e20 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 206d vels. ...n... m\n-000131a0: 7573 7420 6265 2067 7265 6174 6572 2074 ust be greater t\n-000131b0: 6861 6e20 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f0a han or equal to.\n-000131c0: 2020 2020 2031 2e20 2049 6620 e280 986e 1. If ...n\n-000131d0: e280 9920 6973 2067 7265 6174 6572 2074 ... is greater t\n-000131e0: 6861 6e20 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f han the number o\n-000131f0: 6620 656e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 f enclosing loop\n-00013200: 732c 2061 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 656e 636c s, all. encl\n-00013210: 6f73 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 7320 6172 6520 osing loops are \n-00013220: 6578 6974 6564 2e20 2054 6865 2072 6574 exited. The ret\n-00013230: 7572 6e20 7661 6c75 6520 6973 2030 2075 urn value is 0 u\n-00013240: 6e6c 6573 7320 e280 986e e280 9920 6973 nless ...n... is\n-00013250: 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 7420 6772 6561 7465 . not greate\n-00013260: 7220 7468 616e 206f 7220 6571 7561 6c20 r than or equal \n-00013270: 746f 2031 2e0a 0a63 6f6e 7469 6e75 6520 to 1...continue \n-00013280: 5be2 8098 6ee2 8099 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 [...n...]. R\n-00013290: 6573 756d 6520 7468 6520 6e65 7874 2069 esume the next i\n-000132a0: 7465 7261 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 teration of the \n-000132b0: 656e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 e280 9866 6f72 enclosing ...for\n-000132c0: e280 992c 20e2 8098 7768 696c 65e2 8099 ..., ...while...\n-000132d0: 206f 720a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 756e 7469 or. ...unti\n-000132e0: 6ce2 8099 206c 6f6f 702e 2020 4966 20e2 l... loop. If .\n-000132f0: 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 7370 6563 6966 ..n... is specif\n-00013300: 6965 642c 2072 6573 756d 6520 6174 2074 ied, resume at t\n-00013310: 6865 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 7468 2065 6e63 he ...n...th enc\n-00013320: 6c6f 7369 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6c6f 6f70 losing. loop\n-00013330: 2e20 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 206d 7573 7420 . ...n... must \n-00013340: 6265 2067 7265 6174 6572 2074 6861 6e20 be greater than \n-00013350: 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f20 312e 2020 or equal to 1. \n-00013360: 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 6772 If ...n... is gr\n-00013370: 6561 7465 720a 2020 2020 2074 6861 6e20 eater. than \n-00013380: 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 656e the number of en\n-00013390: 636c 6f73 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 732c 2074 closing loops, t\n-000133a0: 6865 206c 6173 7420 656e 636c 6f73 696e he last enclosin\n-000133b0: 6720 6c6f 6f70 2028 7468 650a 2020 2020 g loop (the. \n-000133c0: 20e2 809c 746f 702d 6c65 7665 6ce2 809d ...top-level...\n-000133d0: 206c 6f6f 7029 2069 7320 7265 7375 6d65 loop) is resume\n-000133e0: 642e 2020 5468 6520 7265 7475 726e 2076 d. The return v\n-000133f0: 616c 7565 2069 7320 3020 756e 6c65 7373 alue is 0 unless\n-00013400: 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 730a 2020 2020 ...n... is. \n-00013410: 206e 6f74 2067 7265 6174 6572 2074 6861 not greater tha\n-00013420: 6e20 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f20 312e n or equal to 1.\n-00013430: 0a0a 7265 7475 726e 205b e280 986e e280 ..return [...n..\n-00013440: 995d 0a20 2020 2020 4361 7573 6573 2061 .]. Causes a\n-00013450: 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 746f 2065 7869 function to exi\n-00013460: 7420 7769 7468 2074 6865 2072 6574 7572 t with the retur\n-00013470: 6e20 7661 6c75 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 n value specifie\n-00013480: 6420 6279 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2e0a 2020 d by ...n..... \n-00013490: 2020 2049 6620 e280 986e e280 9920 6973 If ...n... is\n-000134a0: 206f 6d69 7474 6564 2c20 7468 6520 7265 omitted, the re\n-000134b0: 7475 726e 2073 7461 7475 7320 6973 2074 turn status is t\n-000134c0: 6861 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 hat of the last \n-000134d0: 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 2020 2065 7865 command. exe\n-000134e0: 6375 7465 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 756e cuted in the fun\n-000134f0: 6374 696f 6e20 626f 6479 2e20 2049 6620 ction body. If \n-00013500: 7573 6564 206f 7574 7369 6465 2061 2066 used outside a f\n-00013510: 756e 6374 696f 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 unction the. \n-00013520: 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7374 6174 7573 2069 return status i\n-00013530: 7320 6661 6c73 652e 0a0a 7365 7470 6172 s false...setpar\n-00013540: 616d 7320 5be2 8098 6172 67e2 8099 5d20 ams [...arg...] \n-00013550: 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 6570 6c61 6365 .... Replace\n-00013560: 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 7061 7261 positional para\n-00013570: 6d65 7465 7273 2073 7461 7274 696e 6720 meters starting \n-00013580: 7769 7468 20e2 8098 2431 e280 9920 7769 with ...$1... wi\n-00013590: 7468 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2074 6f0a th arguments to.\n-000135a0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7365 7470 6172 616d ...setparam\n-000135b0: 73e2 8099 2e0a 0a73 6869 6674 205b e280 s......shift [..\n-000135c0: 986e e280 995d 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 .n...]. The \n-000135d0: 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c 2070 6172 616d positional param\n-000135e0: 6574 6572 7320 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 6ee2 eters from ...n.\n-000135f0: 8099 2b31 202e 2e2e 2061 7265 2072 656e ..+1 ... are ren\n-00013600: 616d 6564 2074 6f20 e280 9824 31e2 8099 amed to ...$1...\n-00013610: 2e2e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 5061 7261 6d65 ..... Parame\n-00013620: 7465 7273 2072 6570 7265 7365 6e74 6564 ters represented\n-00013630: 2062 7920 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 by the numbers \n-00013640: e280 9824 23e2 8099 2064 6f77 6e20 746f ...$#... down to\n-00013650: 20e2 8098 2423 e280 992d e280 986e e280 ...$#...-...n..\n-00013660: 992b 3120 6172 650a 2020 2020 2075 6e73 .+1 are. uns\n-00013670: 6574 2e20 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 206d 7573 et. ...n... mus\n-00013680: 7420 6265 2061 206e 6f6e 2d6e 6567 6174 t be a non-negat\n-00013690: 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206c 6573 7320 ive number less \n-000136a0: 7468 616e 206f 7220 6571 7561 6c20 746f than or equal to\n-000136b0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9824 23e2 8099 2e20 . ...$#.... \n-000136c0: 2049 6620 e280 986e e280 9920 6973 2030 If ...n... is 0\n-000136d0: 2c20 6e6f 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 , no parameters \n-000136e0: 6172 6520 6368 616e 6765 642e 2020 4966 are changed. If\n-000136f0: 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 6e6f 740a ...n... is not.\n-00013700: 2020 2020 2067 6976 656e 2c20 6974 2069 given, it i\n-00013710: 7320 6173 7375 6d65 6420 746f 2062 6520 s assumed to be \n-00013720: 312e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 1. If ...n... i\n-00013730: 7320 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e 20e2 s greater than .\n-00013740: 8098 2423 e280 992c 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ..$#..., the. \n-00013750: 2020 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c 2070 6172 positional par\n-00013760: 616d 6574 6572 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 ameters are not \n-00013770: 6368 616e 6765 642e 2020 5468 6520 7265 changed. The re\n-00013780: 7475 726e 2073 7461 7475 7320 6973 0a20 turn status is. \n-00013790: 2020 2020 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e greater than\n-000137a0: 207a 6572 6f20 6966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 zero if ...n...\n-000137b0: 2069 7320 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e is greater than\n-000137c0: 20e2 8098 2423 e280 9920 6f72 206c 6573 ...$#... or les\n-000137d0: 7320 7468 616e 207a 6572 6f3b 0a20 2020 s than zero;. \n-000137e0: 2020 6f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 302e 0a0a otherwise 0...\n-000137f0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00013800: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5368 656c 6c2d o, Node: Shell-\n-00013810: 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 2d46 like scripting-F\n-00013820: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 ootnotes, Up: S\n-00013830: 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 7363 7269 7074 hell-like script\n-00013840: 696e 670a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 4375 7272 ing.. (1) Curr\n-00013850: 656e 746c 7920 6120 6261 636b 736c 6173 ently a backslas\n-00013860: 682d 6e65 776c 696e 6520 7061 6972 2077 h-newline pair w\n-00013870: 6974 6869 6e20 6120 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ithin a variable\n-00013880: 206e 616d 6520 6973 206e 6f74 0a68 616e name is not.han\n-00013890: 646c 6564 2070 726f 7065 726c 792c 2073 dled properly, s\n-000138a0: 6f20 7573 6520 7468 6973 2066 6561 7475 o use this featu\n-000138b0: 7265 2077 6974 6820 736f 6d65 2063 6172 re with some car\n-000138c0: 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 e.....File: grub\n-000138d0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d75 .info, Node: Mu\n-000138e0: 6c74 692d 626f 6f74 206d 616e 7561 6c20 lti-boot manual \n-000138f0: 636f 6e66 6967 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2045 config, Next: E\n-00013900: 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 mbedded configur\n-00013910: 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5368 ation, Prev: Sh\n-00013920: 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 ell-like scripti\n-00013930: 6e67 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 ng, Up: Configu\n-00013940: 7261 7469 6f6e 0a0a 362e 3420 4d75 6c74 ration..6.4 Mult\n-00013950: 692d 626f 6f74 206d 616e 7561 6c20 636f i-boot manual co\n-00013960: 6e66 6967 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d nfig.===========\n+00011750: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a e280 9867 ==========.....g\n+00011760: 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2069 7320 7772 rub.cfg... is wr\n+00011770: 6974 7465 6e20 696e 2047 5255 4227 7320 itten in GRUB's \n+00011780: 6275 696c 742d 696e 2073 6372 6970 7469 built-in scripti\n+00011790: 6e67 206c 616e 6775 6167 652c 2077 6869 ng language, whi\n+000117a0: 6368 2068 6173 2061 0a73 796e 7461 7820 ch has a.syntax \n+000117b0: 7175 6974 6520 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 746f quite similar to\n+000117c0: 2074 6861 7420 6f66 2047 4e55 2042 6173 that of GNU Bas\n+000117d0: 6820 616e 6420 6f74 6865 7220 426f 7572 h and other Bour\n+000117e0: 6e65 2073 6865 6c6c 0a64 6572 6976 6174 ne shell.derivat\n+000117f0: 6976 6573 2e0a 0a57 6f72 6473 0a3d 3d3d ives...Words.===\n+00011800: 3d3d 0a0a 4120 e280 9c77 6f72 64e2 809d ==..A ...word...\n+00011810: 2069 7320 6120 7365 7175 656e 6365 206f is a sequence o\n+00011820: 6620 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2063 6f6e f characters con\n+00011830: 7369 6465 7265 6420 6173 2061 2073 696e sidered as a sin\n+00011840: 676c 6520 756e 6974 2062 790a 4752 5542 gle unit by.GRUB\n+00011850: 2e20 2057 6f72 6473 2061 7265 2073 6570 . Words are sep\n+00011860: 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 e280 9c6d 6574 arated by ...met\n+00011870: 6163 6861 7261 6374 6572 73e2 809d 2c20 acharacters..., \n+00011880: 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 7468 6520 666f which are the fo\n+00011890: 6c6c 6f77 696e 670a 706c 7573 2073 7061 llowing.plus spa\n+000118a0: 6365 2c20 7461 622c 2061 6e64 206e 6577 ce, tab, and new\n+000118b0: 6c69 6e65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 7b20 7d20 line:.. { } \n+000118c0: 7c20 2620 2420 3b20 3c20 3e0a 0a20 2020 | & $ ; < >.. \n+000118d0: 5175 6f74 696e 6720 6d61 7920 6265 2075 Quoting may be u\n+000118e0: 7365 6420 746f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 206d sed to include m\n+000118f0: 6574 6163 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 696e etacharacters in\n+00011900: 2077 6f72 6473 3b20 7365 6520 6265 6c6f words; see belo\n+00011910: 772e 0a0a 5265 7365 7276 6564 2077 6f72 w...Reserved wor\n+00011920: 6473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ds.=============\n+00011930: 3d0a 0a52 6573 6572 7665 6420 776f 7264 =..Reserved word\n+00011940: 7320 6861 7665 2061 2073 7065 6369 616c s have a special\n+00011950: 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 2074 6f20 4752 5542 meaning to GRUB\n+00011960: 2e20 5468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 . The following \n+00011970: 776f 7264 7320 6172 650a 7265 636f 676e words are.recogn\n+00011980: 6973 6564 2061 7320 7265 7365 7276 6564 ised as reserved\n+00011990: 2077 6865 6e20 756e 7175 6f74 6564 2061 when unquoted a\n+000119a0: 6e64 2065 6974 6865 7220 7468 6520 6669 nd either the fi\n+000119b0: 7273 7420 776f 7264 206f 6620 610a 7369 rst word of a.si\n+000119c0: 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206f 7220 mple command or \n+000119d0: 7468 6520 7468 6972 6420 776f 7264 206f the third word o\n+000119e0: 6620 6120 e280 9866 6f72 e280 9920 636f f a ...for... co\n+000119f0: 6d6d 616e 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 2021 205b mmand:.. ! [\n+00011a00: 5b20 5d5d 207b 207d 0a20 2020 2020 6361 [ ]] { }. ca\n+00011a10: 7365 2064 6f20 646f 6e65 2065 6c69 6620 se do done elif \n+00011a20: 656c 7365 2065 7361 6320 6669 2066 6f72 else esac fi for\n+00011a30: 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2069 function. i\n+00011a40: 6620 696e 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2073 f in menuentry s\n+00011a50: 656c 6563 7420 7468 656e 2074 696d 6520 elect then time \n+00011a60: 756e 7469 6c20 7768 696c 650a 0a20 2020 until while.. \n+00011a70: 4e6f 7420 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 7365 Not all of these\n+00011a80: 2072 6573 6572 7665 6420 776f 7264 7320 reserved words \n+00011a90: 6861 7665 2061 2075 7365 6675 6c20 7075 have a useful pu\n+00011aa0: 7270 6f73 6520 7965 743b 2073 6f6d 6520 rpose yet; some \n+00011ab0: 6172 650a 7265 7365 7276 6564 2066 6f72 are.reserved for\n+00011ac0: 2066 7574 7572 6520 6578 7061 6e73 696f future expansio\n+00011ad0: 6e2e 0a0a 5175 6f74 696e 670a 3d3d 3d3d n...Quoting.====\n+00011ae0: 3d3d 3d0a 0a51 756f 7469 6e67 2069 7320 ===..Quoting is \n+00011af0: 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7265 6d6f 7665 2074 used to remove t\n+00011b00: 6865 2073 7065 6369 616c 206d 6561 6e69 he special meani\n+00011b10: 6e67 206f 6620 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6368 ng of certain ch\n+00011b20: 6172 6163 7465 7273 206f 720a 776f 7264 aracters or.word\n+00011b30: 732e 2020 4974 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 s. It can be us\n+00011b40: 6564 2074 6f20 7472 6561 7420 6d65 7461 ed to treat meta\n+00011b50: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2061 7320 7061 characters as pa\n+00011b60: 7274 206f 6620 6120 776f 7264 2c20 746f rt of a word, to\n+00011b70: 0a70 7265 7665 6e74 2072 6573 6572 7665 .prevent reserve\n+00011b80: 6420 776f 7264 7320 6672 6f6d 2062 6569 d words from bei\n+00011b90: 6e67 2072 6563 6f67 6e69 7365 6420 6173 ng recognised as\n+00011ba0: 2073 7563 682c 2061 6e64 2074 6f20 7072 such, and to pr\n+00011bb0: 6576 656e 740a 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2065 event.variable e\n+00011bc0: 7870 616e 7369 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 xpansion... Th\n+00011bd0: 6572 6520 6172 6520 7468 7265 6520 7175 ere are three qu\n+00011be0: 6f74 696e 6720 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d73 oting mechanisms\n+00011bf0: 3a20 7468 6520 6573 6361 7065 2063 6861 : the escape cha\n+00011c00: 7261 6374 6572 2c20 7369 6e67 6c65 0a71 racter, single.q\n+00011c10: 756f 7465 732c 2061 6e64 2064 6f75 626c uotes, and doubl\n+00011c20: 6520 7175 6f74 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 4120 e quotes... A \n+00011c30: 6e6f 6e2d 7175 6f74 6564 2062 6163 6b73 non-quoted backs\n+00011c40: 6c61 7368 2028 5c29 2069 7320 7468 6520 lash (\\) is the \n+00011c50: e280 9c65 7363 6170 6520 6368 6172 6163 ...escape charac\n+00011c60: 7465 72e2 809d 2e20 2049 7420 7072 6573 ter.... It pres\n+00011c70: 6572 7665 730a 7468 6520 6c69 7465 7261 erves.the litera\n+00011c80: 6c20 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6865 206e l value of the n\n+00011c90: 6578 7420 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 7468 ext character th\n+00011ca0: 6174 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7773 2c20 7769 7468 at follows, with\n+00011cb0: 2074 6865 2065 7863 6570 7469 6f6e 0a6f the exception.o\n+00011cc0: 6620 6e65 776c 696e 652e 0a0a 2020 2045 f newline... E\n+00011cd0: 6e63 6c6f 7369 6e67 2063 6861 7261 6374 nclosing charact\n+00011ce0: 6572 7320 696e 2073 696e 676c 6520 7175 ers in single qu\n+00011cf0: 6f74 6573 2070 7265 7365 7276 6573 2074 otes preserves t\n+00011d00: 6865 206c 6974 6572 616c 2076 616c 7565 he literal value\n+00011d10: 206f 660a 6561 6368 2063 6861 7261 6374 of.each charact\n+00011d20: 6572 2077 6974 6869 6e20 7468 6520 7175 er within the qu\n+00011d30: 6f74 6573 2e20 2041 2073 696e 676c 6520 otes. A single \n+00011d40: 7175 6f74 6520 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6f63 quote may not oc\n+00011d50: 6375 7220 6265 7477 6565 6e0a 7369 6e67 cur between.sing\n+00011d60: 6c65 2071 756f 7465 732c 2065 7665 6e20 le quotes, even \n+00011d70: 7768 656e 2070 7265 6365 6465 6420 6279 when preceded by\n+00011d80: 2061 2062 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 2e0a 0a20 a backslash... \n+00011d90: 2020 456e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 6368 6172 Enclosing char\n+00011da0: 6163 7465 7273 2069 6e20 646f 7562 6c65 acters in double\n+00011db0: 2071 756f 7465 7320 7072 6573 6572 7665 quotes preserve\n+00011dc0: 7320 7468 6520 6c69 7465 7261 6c20 7661 s the literal va\n+00011dd0: 6c75 6520 6f66 0a61 6c6c 2063 6861 7261 lue of.all chara\n+00011de0: 6374 6572 7320 7769 7468 696e 2074 6865 cters within the\n+00011df0: 2071 756f 7465 732c 2077 6974 6820 7468 quotes, with th\n+00011e00: 6520 6578 6365 7074 696f 6e20 6f66 20e2 e exception of .\n+00011e10: 8098 24e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 5ce2 ..$... and ...\\.\n+00011e20: 8099 2e0a 5468 6520 e280 9824 e280 9920 ....The ...$... \n+00011e30: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 7265 7461 696e character retain\n+00011e40: 7320 6974 7320 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6d65 s its special me\n+00011e50: 616e 696e 6720 7769 7468 696e 2064 6f75 aning within dou\n+00011e60: 626c 6520 7175 6f74 6573 2e20 2054 6865 ble quotes. The\n+00011e70: 0a62 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 2072 6574 6169 .backslash retai\n+00011e80: 6e73 2069 7473 2073 7065 6369 616c 206d ns its special m\n+00011e90: 6561 6e69 6e67 206f 6e6c 7920 7768 656e eaning only when\n+00011ea0: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 206f 6e65 followed by one\n+00011eb0: 206f 6620 7468 650a 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e of the.followin\n+00011ec0: 6720 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 3a20 e280 g characters: ..\n+00011ed0: 9824 e280 992c 20e2 8098 22e2 8099 2c20 .$..., ...\"..., \n+00011ee0: e280 985c e280 992c 206f 7220 6e65 776c ...\\..., or newl\n+00011ef0: 696e 652e 2020 4120 6261 636b 736c 6173 ine. A backslas\n+00011f00: 682d 6e65 776c 696e 650a 7061 6972 2069 h-newline.pair i\n+00011f10: 7320 7472 6561 7465 6420 6173 2061 206c s treated as a l\n+00011f20: 696e 6520 636f 6e74 696e 7561 7469 6f6e ine continuation\n+00011f30: 2028 7468 6174 2069 732c 2069 7420 6973 (that is, it is\n+00011f40: 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2066 726f 6d20 7468 removed from th\n+00011f50: 650a 696e 7075 7420 7374 7265 616d 2061 e.input stream a\n+00011f60: 6e64 2065 6666 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2069 nd effectively i\n+00011f70: 676e 6f72 6564 2831 2920 282a 6e6f 7465 gnored(1) (*note\n+00011f80: 2053 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b 650a 7363 7269 Shell-like.scri\n+00011f90: 7074 696e 672d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 pting-Footnote-1\n+00011fa0: 3a3a 2929 2e20 2041 2064 6f75 626c 6520 ::)). A double \n+00011fb0: 7175 6f74 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2071 756f quote may be quo\n+00011fc0: 7465 6420 7769 7468 696e 2064 6f75 626c ted within doubl\n+00011fd0: 650a 7175 6f74 6573 2062 7920 7072 6563 e.quotes by prec\n+00011fe0: 6564 696e 6720 6974 2077 6974 6820 6120 eding it with a \n+00011ff0: 6261 636b 736c 6173 682e 0a0a 5661 7269 backslash...Vari\n+00012000: 6162 6c65 2065 7870 616e 7369 6f6e 0a3d able expansion.=\n+00012010: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00012020: 3d0a 0a54 6865 20e2 8098 24e2 8099 2063 =..The ...$... c\n+00012030: 6861 7261 6374 6572 2069 6e74 726f 6475 haracter introdu\n+00012040: 6365 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2065 7870 ces variable exp\n+00012050: 616e 7369 6f6e 2e20 2054 6865 2076 6172 ansion. The var\n+00012060: 6961 626c 6520 6e61 6d65 2074 6f0a 6265 iable name to.be\n+00012070: 2065 7870 616e 6465 6420 6d61 7920 6265 expanded may be\n+00012080: 2065 6e63 6c6f 7365 6420 696e 2062 7261 enclosed in bra\n+00012090: 6365 732c 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 206f ces, which are o\n+000120a0: 7074 696f 6e61 6c20 6275 7420 7365 7276 ptional but serv\n+000120b0: 6520 746f 0a70 726f 7465 6374 2074 6865 e to.protect the\n+000120c0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 746f 2062 6520 variable to be \n+000120d0: 6578 7061 6e64 6564 2066 726f 6d20 6368 expanded from ch\n+000120e0: 6172 6163 7465 7273 2069 6d6d 6564 6961 aracters immedia\n+000120f0: 7465 6c79 0a66 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2069 tely.following i\n+00012100: 7420 7768 6963 6820 636f 756c 6420 6265 t which could be\n+00012110: 2069 6e74 6572 7072 6574 6564 2061 7320 interpreted as \n+00012120: 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 part of the name\n+00012130: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4e6f 726d 616c 2076 6172 ... Normal var\n+00012140: 6961 626c 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6265 6769 iable names begi\n+00012150: 6e20 7769 7468 2061 6e20 616c 7068 6162 n with an alphab\n+00012160: 6574 6963 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 2c20 etic character, \n+00012170: 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 790a 7a65 726f followed by.zero\n+00012180: 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 2061 6c70 6861 6e75 or more alphanu\n+00012190: 6d65 7269 6320 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 meric characters\n+000121a0: 2e20 2054 6865 7365 206e 616d 6573 2072 . These names r\n+000121b0: 6566 6572 2074 6f20 656e 7472 6965 7320 efer to entries \n+000121c0: 696e 0a74 6865 2047 5255 4220 656e 7669 in.the GRUB envi\n+000121d0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 282a 6e6f 7465 2045 ronment (*note E\n+000121e0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 3a3a 292e 0a0a nvironment::)...\n+000121f0: 2020 2050 6f73 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 7661 Positional va\n+00012200: 7269 6162 6c65 206e 616d 6573 2063 6f6e riable names con\n+00012210: 7369 7374 206f 6620 6f6e 6520 6f72 206d sist of one or m\n+00012220: 6f72 6520 6469 6769 7473 2e20 2054 6865 ore digits. The\n+00012230: 790a 7265 7072 6573 656e 7420 7061 7261 y.represent para\n+00012240: 6d65 7465 7273 2070 6173 7365 6420 746f meters passed to\n+00012250: 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 6361 6c6c 732c function calls,\n+00012260: 2077 6974 6820 e280 9824 31e2 8099 2072 with ...$1... r\n+00012270: 6570 7265 7365 6e74 696e 670a 7468 6520 epresenting.the \n+00012280: 6669 7273 7420 7061 7261 6d65 7465 722c first parameter,\n+00012290: 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 and so on... \n+000122a0: 5468 6520 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7661 7269 The special vari\n+000122b0: 6162 6c65 206e 616d 6520 e280 983f e280 able name ...?..\n+000122c0: 9920 6578 7061 6e64 7320 746f 2074 6865 . expands to the\n+000122d0: 2065 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 206f 6620 exit status of \n+000122e0: 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 0a72 6563 656e 746c the most.recentl\n+000122f0: 7920 6578 6563 7574 6564 2063 6f6d 6d61 y executed comma\n+00012300: 6e64 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 706f 7369 7469 nd. When positi\n+00012310: 6f6e 616c 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6e61 onal variable na\n+00012320: 6d65 7320 6172 6520 6163 7469 7665 2c0a mes are active,.\n+00012330: 6f74 6865 7220 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7661 other special va\n+00012340: 7269 6162 6c65 206e 616d 6573 20e2 8098 riable names ...\n+00012350: 40e2 8099 2c20 e280 982a e280 9920 616e @..., ...*... an\n+00012360: 6420 e280 9823 e280 9920 6172 6520 6465 d ...#... are de\n+00012370: 6669 6e65 6420 616e 6420 7468 6579 0a65 fined and they.e\n+00012380: 7870 616e 6420 746f 2061 6c6c 2070 6f73 xpand to all pos\n+00012390: 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 7061 7261 6d65 7465 itional paramete\n+000123a0: 7273 2077 6974 6820 6e65 6365 7373 6172 rs with necessar\n+000123b0: 7920 7175 6f74 696e 672c 2070 6f73 6974 y quoting, posit\n+000123c0: 696f 6e61 6c0a 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 ional.parameters\n+000123d0: 2077 6974 686f 7574 2061 6e79 2071 756f without any quo\n+000123e0: 7469 6e67 2c20 616e 6420 706f 7369 7469 ting, and positi\n+000123f0: 6f6e 616c 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 2063 onal parameter c\n+00012400: 6f75 6e74 0a72 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c ount.respectivel\n+00012410: 792e 0a0a 436f 6d6d 656e 7473 0a3d 3d3d y...Comments.===\n+00012420: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a41 2077 6f72 6420 6265 =====..A word be\n+00012430: 6769 6e6e 696e 6720 7769 7468 20e2 8098 ginning with ...\n+00012440: 23e2 8099 2063 6175 7365 7320 7468 6174 #... causes that\n+00012450: 2077 6f72 6420 616e 6420 616c 6c20 7265 word and all re\n+00012460: 6d61 696e 696e 6720 6368 6172 6163 7465 maining characte\n+00012470: 7273 0a6f 6e20 7468 6174 206c 696e 6520 rs.on that line \n+00012480: 746f 2062 6520 6967 6e6f 7265 642e 0a0a to be ignored...\n+00012490: 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a Simple commands.\n+000124a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n+000124b0: 0a41 20e2 809c 7369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6d .A ...simple com\n+000124c0: 6d61 6e64 e280 9d20 6973 2061 2073 6571 mand... is a seq\n+000124d0: 7565 6e63 6520 6f66 2077 6f72 6473 2073 uence of words s\n+000124e0: 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 7370 6163 eparated by spac\n+000124f0: 6573 206f 7220 7461 6273 0a61 6e64 2074 es or tabs.and t\n+00012500: 6572 6d69 6e61 7465 6420 6279 2061 2073 erminated by a s\n+00012510: 656d 6963 6f6c 6f6e 206f 7220 6120 6e65 emicolon or a ne\n+00012520: 776c 696e 652e 2020 5468 6520 6669 7273 wline. The firs\n+00012530: 7420 776f 7264 2073 7065 6369 6669 6573 t word specifies\n+00012540: 0a74 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2074 6f20 .the command to \n+00012550: 6265 2065 7865 6375 7465 642e 2020 5468 be executed. Th\n+00012560: 6520 7265 6d61 696e 696e 6720 776f 7264 e remaining word\n+00012570: 7320 6172 6520 7061 7373 6564 2061 7320 s are passed as \n+00012580: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 730a 746f 2074 6865 arguments.to the\n+00012590: 2069 6e76 6f6b 6564 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 invoked command\n+000125a0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 7265 7475 726e ... The return\n+000125b0: 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 6120 7369 6d70 value of a simp\n+000125c0: 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6974 le command is it\n+000125d0: 7320 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 732e 2020 s exit status. \n+000125e0: 4966 2074 6865 0a72 6573 6572 7665 6420 If the.reserved \n+000125f0: 776f 7264 20e2 8098 21e2 8099 2070 7265 word ...!... pre\n+00012600: 6365 6465 7320 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e cedes the comman\n+00012610: 642c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 7265 7475 d, then the retu\n+00012620: 726e 2076 616c 7565 2069 7320 696e 7374 rn value is inst\n+00012630: 6561 640a 7468 6520 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 ead.the logical \n+00012640: 6e65 6761 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 negation of the \n+00012650: 636f 6d6d 616e 6427 7320 6578 6974 2073 command's exit s\n+00012660: 7461 7475 732e 0a0a 436f 6d70 6f75 6e64 tatus...Compound\n+00012670: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d commands.======\n+00012680: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a41 20e2 ===========..A .\n+00012690: 809c 636f 6d70 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6d 6d61 ..compound comma\n+000126a0: 6e64 e280 9d20 6973 206f 6e65 206f 6620 nd... is one of \n+000126b0: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 673a 0a0a the following:..\n+000126c0: 666f 7220 4e41 4d45 2069 6e20 574f 5244 for NAME in WORD\n+000126d0: 202e 2e2e 3b20 646f 204c 4953 543b 2064 ...; do LIST; d\n+000126e0: 6f6e 650a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206c 6973 one. The lis\n+000126f0: 7420 6f66 2077 6f72 6473 2066 6f6c 6c6f t of words follo\n+00012700: 7769 6e67 20e2 8098 696e e280 9920 6973 wing ...in... is\n+00012710: 2065 7870 616e 6465 642c 2067 656e 6572 expanded, gener\n+00012720: 6174 696e 6720 6120 6c69 7374 206f 660a ating a list of.\n+00012730: 2020 2020 2069 7465 6d73 2e20 2054 6865 items. The\n+00012740: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 4e41 4d45 2069 variable NAME i\n+00012750: 7320 7365 7420 746f 2065 6163 6820 656c s set to each el\n+00012760: 656d 656e 7420 6f66 2074 6869 7320 6c69 ement of this li\n+00012770: 7374 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 7572 6e2c st in. turn,\n+00012780: 2061 6e64 204c 4953 5420 6973 2065 7865 and LIST is exe\n+00012790: 6375 7465 6420 6561 6368 2074 696d 652e cuted each time.\n+000127a0: 2020 5468 6520 7265 7475 726e 2076 616c The return val\n+000127b0: 7565 2069 7320 7468 6520 6578 6974 0a20 ue is the exit. \n+000127c0: 2020 2020 7374 6174 7573 206f 6620 7468 status of th\n+000127d0: 6520 6c61 7374 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2074 e last command t\n+000127e0: 6861 7420 6578 6563 7574 6573 2e20 2049 hat executes. I\n+000127f0: 6620 7468 6520 6578 7061 6e73 696f 6e20 f the expansion \n+00012800: 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d of the. item\n+00012810: 7320 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 e280 9869 s following ...i\n+00012820: 6ee2 8099 2072 6573 756c 7473 2069 6e20 n... results in \n+00012830: 616e 2065 6d70 7479 206c 6973 742c 206e an empty list, n\n+00012840: 6f20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 0a20 o commands are. \n+00012850: 2020 2020 6578 6563 7574 6564 2c20 616e executed, an\n+00012860: 6420 7468 6520 7265 7475 726e 2073 7461 d the return sta\n+00012870: 7475 7320 6973 2030 2e0a 0a69 6620 4c49 tus is 0...if LI\n+00012880: 5354 3b20 7468 656e 204c 4953 543b 205b ST; then LIST; [\n+00012890: 656c 6966 204c 4953 543b 2074 6865 6e20 elif LIST; then \n+000128a0: 4c49 5354 3b5d 202e 2e2e 205b 656c 7365 LIST;] ... [else\n+000128b0: 204c 4953 543b 5d20 6669 0a20 2020 2020 LIST;] fi. \n+000128c0: 5468 6520 e280 9869 66e2 8099 204c 4953 The ...if... LIS\n+000128d0: 5420 6973 2065 7865 6375 7465 642c 2077 T is executed, w\n+000128e0: 6865 7265 204c 4953 5420 6973 2061 2073 here LIST is a s\n+000128f0: 6572 6965 7320 6f66 20e2 809c 7369 6d70 eries of ...simp\n+00012900: 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 le. command.\n+00012910: 809d 7320 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 ..s separated by\n+00012920: 2061 2022 3b22 2e20 2049 6620 6974 7320 a \";\". If its \n+00012930: 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 2074 exit status of t\n+00012940: 6865 206c 6173 740a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d he last. com\n+00012950: 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 7a65 726f 2c20 7468 mand is zero, th\n+00012960: 6520 e280 9874 6865 6ee2 8099 204c 4953 e ...then... LIS\n+00012970: 5420 6973 2065 7865 6375 7465 642e 2020 T is executed. \n+00012980: 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c 2065 6163 680a Otherwise, each.\n+00012990: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 656c 6966 e280 9920 ...elif... \n+000129a0: 4c49 5354 2069 7320 6578 6563 7574 6564 LIST is executed\n+000129b0: 2069 6e20 7475 726e 2c20 616e 6420 6966 in turn, and if\n+000129c0: 2069 7473 206c 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e its last comman\n+000129d0: 6427 7320 6578 6974 0a20 2020 2020 7374 d's exit. st\n+000129e0: 6174 7573 2069 7320 7a65 726f 2c20 7468 atus is zero, th\n+000129f0: 6520 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 696e 6720 e corresponding \n+00012a00: e280 9874 6865 6ee2 8099 204c 4953 5420 ...then... LIST \n+00012a10: 6973 2065 7865 6375 7465 6420 616e 6420 is executed and \n+00012a20: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 the. command\n+00012a30: 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 6573 2e20 204f 7468 completes. Oth\n+00012a40: 6572 7769 7365 2c20 7468 6520 e280 9865 erwise, the ...e\n+00012a50: 6c73 65e2 8099 204c 4953 5420 6973 2065 lse... LIST is e\n+00012a60: 7865 6375 7465 642c 2069 660a 2020 2020 xecuted, if. \n+00012a70: 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2e20 2054 6865 2065 present. The e\n+00012a80: 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 2069 7320 7468 xit status is th\n+00012a90: 6520 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 e exit status of\n+00012aa0: 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e the last comman\n+00012ab0: 640a 2020 2020 2065 7865 6375 7465 642c d. executed,\n+00012ac0: 206f 7220 7a65 726f 2069 6620 6e6f 2063 or zero if no c\n+00012ad0: 6f6e 6469 7469 6f6e 2074 6573 7465 6420 ondition tested \n+00012ae0: 7472 7565 2e0a 0a77 6869 6c65 2043 4f4e true...while CON\n+00012af0: 443b 2064 6f20 4c49 5354 3b20 646f 6e65 D; do LIST; done\n+00012b00: 0a75 6e74 696c 2043 4f4e 443b 2064 6f20 .until COND; do \n+00012b10: 4c49 5354 3b20 646f 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 LIST; done. \n+00012b20: 5468 6520 e280 9877 6869 6c65 e280 9920 The ...while... \n+00012b30: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 636f 6e74 696e 756f command continuo\n+00012b40: 7573 6c79 2065 7865 6375 7465 7320 7468 usly executes th\n+00012b50: 6520 e280 9864 6fe2 8099 204c 4953 5420 e ...do... LIST \n+00012b60: 6173 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 0a20 2020 2020 as long as. \n+00012b70: 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 the last command\n+00012b80: 2069 6e20 434f 4e44 2072 6574 7572 6e73 in COND returns\n+00012b90: 2061 6e20 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 an exit status \n+00012ba0: 6f66 207a 6572 6f2c 2077 6865 7265 2043 of zero, where C\n+00012bb0: 4f4e 440a 2020 2020 2069 7320 6120 6c69 OND. is a li\n+00012bc0: 7374 206f 6620 e280 9c73 696d 706c 6520 st of ...simple \n+00012bd0: 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 809d 7320 7365 7061 command...s sepa\n+00012be0: 7261 7465 6420 6279 2061 2022 3b22 2e20 rated by a \";\". \n+00012bf0: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 The ...until...\n+00012c00: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 . command is\n+00012c10: 2069 6465 6e74 6963 616c 2074 6f20 7468 identical to th\n+00012c20: 6520 e280 9877 6869 6c65 e280 9920 636f e ...while... co\n+00012c30: 6d6d 616e 642c 2065 7863 6570 7420 7468 mmand, except th\n+00012c40: 6174 2074 6865 2074 6573 740a 2020 2020 at the test. \n+00012c50: 2069 7320 6e65 6761 7465 643b 2074 6865 is negated; the\n+00012c60: 20e2 8098 646f e280 9920 4c49 5354 2069 ...do... LIST i\n+00012c70: 7320 6578 6563 7574 6564 2061 7320 6c6f s executed as lo\n+00012c80: 6e67 2061 7320 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2063 ng as the last c\n+00012c90: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2043 ommand. in C\n+00012ca0: 4f4e 4420 7265 7475 726e 7320 6120 6e6f OND returns a no\n+00012cb0: 6e2d 7a65 726f 2065 7869 7420 7374 6174 n-zero exit stat\n+00012cc0: 7573 2e20 2054 6865 2065 7869 7420 7374 us. The exit st\n+00012cd0: 6174 7573 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 atus of the. \n+00012ce0: 20e2 8098 7768 696c 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 ...while... and\n+00012cf0: 20e2 8098 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 2063 6f6d ...until... com\n+00012d00: 6d61 6e64 7320 6973 2074 6865 2065 7869 mands is the exi\n+00012d10: 7420 7374 6174 7573 206f 6620 7468 6520 t status of the \n+00012d20: 6c61 7374 20e2 8098 646f e280 990a 2020 last ...do.... \n+00012d30: 2020 204c 4953 5420 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 LIST command \n+00012d40: 6578 6563 7574 6564 2c20 6f72 207a 6572 executed, or zer\n+00012d50: 6f20 6966 206e 6f6e 6520 7761 7320 6578 o if none was ex\n+00012d60: 6563 7574 6564 2e0a 0a66 756e 6374 696f ecuted...functio\n+00012d70: 6e20 4e41 4d45 207b 2043 4f4d 4d41 4e44 n NAME { COMMAND\n+00012d80: 3b20 2e2e 2e20 7d0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 ; ... }. Thi\n+00012d90: 7320 6465 6669 6e65 7320 6120 6675 6e63 s defines a func\n+00012da0: 7469 6f6e 206e 616d 6564 204e 414d 452e tion named NAME.\n+00012db0: 2020 5468 6520 e280 9c62 6f64 79e2 809d The ...body...\n+00012dc0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e of the function\n+00012dd0: 2069 730a 2020 2020 2074 6865 206c 6973 is. the lis\n+00012de0: 7420 6f66 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7769 t of commands wi\n+00012df0: 7468 696e 2062 7261 6365 732c 2065 6163 thin braces, eac\n+00012e00: 6820 6f66 2077 6869 6368 206d 7573 7420 h of which must \n+00012e10: 6265 0a20 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e 6174 be. terminat\n+00012e20: 6564 2077 6974 6820 6120 7365 6d69 636f ed with a semico\n+00012e30: 6c6f 6e20 6f72 2061 206e 6577 6c69 6e65 lon or a newline\n+00012e40: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6c69 7374 206f 6620 . This list of \n+00012e50: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a20 2020 2020 7769 commands. wi\n+00012e60: 6c6c 2062 6520 6578 6563 7574 6564 2077 ll be executed w\n+00012e70: 6865 6e65 7665 7220 4e41 4d45 2069 7320 henever NAME is \n+00012e80: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6173 2074 6865 specified as the\n+00012e90: 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2061 2073 696d 706c name of a simpl\n+00012ea0: 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e20 e. command. \n+00012eb0: 2046 756e 6374 696f 6e20 6465 6669 6e69 Function defini\n+00012ec0: 7469 6f6e 7320 646f 206e 6f74 2061 6666 tions do not aff\n+00012ed0: 6563 7420 7468 6520 6578 6974 2073 7461 ect the exit sta\n+00012ee0: 7475 7320 696e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9824 tus in. ...$\n+00012ef0: 3fe2 8099 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 6578 6563 ?.... When exec\n+00012f00: 7574 6564 2c20 7468 6520 6578 6974 2073 uted, the exit s\n+00012f10: 7461 7475 7320 6f66 2061 2066 756e 6374 tatus of a funct\n+00012f20: 696f 6e20 6973 2074 6865 2065 7869 740a ion is the exit.\n+00012f30: 2020 2020 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 2074 status of t\n+00012f40: 6865 206c 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 he last command \n+00012f50: 6578 6563 7574 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 executed in the \n+00012f60: 626f 6479 2e0a 0a6d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 body...menuentry\n+00012f70: 2054 4954 4c45 205b e280 982d 2d63 6c61 TITLE [...--cla\n+00012f80: 7373 3d63 6c61 7373 e280 9920 2e2e 2e5d ss=class... ...]\n+00012f90: 205b e280 982d 2d75 7365 7273 3d75 7365 [...--users=use\n+00012fa0: 7273 e280 995d 205b e280 982d 2d75 6e72 rs...] [...--unr\n+00012fb0: 6573 7472 6963 7465 64e2 8099 5d20 5be2 estricted...] [.\n+00012fc0: 8098 2d2d 686f 746b 6579 3d6b 6579 e280 ..--hotkey=key..\n+00012fd0: 995d 205b e280 982d 2d69 643d 6964 e280 .] [...--id=id..\n+00012fe0: 995d 207b 2043 4f4d 4d41 4e44 3b20 2e2e .] { COMMAND; ..\n+00012ff0: 2e20 7d0a 2020 2020 202a 4e6f 7465 206d . }. *Note m\n+00013000: 656e 7565 6e74 7279 3a3a 2e0a 0a42 7569 enuentry::...Bui\n+00013010: 6c74 2d69 6e20 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a3d lt-in Commands.=\n+00013020: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00013030: 0a0a 536f 6d65 2062 7569 6c74 2d69 6e20 ..Some built-in \n+00013040: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 2061 6c73 commands are als\n+00013050: 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 4752 o provided by GR\n+00013060: 5542 2073 6372 6970 7420 746f 2068 656c UB script to hel\n+00013070: 7020 7363 7269 7074 0a77 7269 7465 7273 p script.writers\n+00013080: 2070 6572 666f 726d 2061 6374 696f 6e73 perform actions\n+00013090: 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 6f74 6865 7277 that are otherw\n+000130a0: 6973 6520 6e6f 7420 706f 7373 6962 6c65 ise not possible\n+000130b0: 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c0a . For example,.\n+000130c0: 7468 6573 6520 696e 636c 7564 6520 636f these include co\n+000130d0: 6d6d 616e 6473 2074 6f20 6a75 6d70 206f mmands to jump o\n+000130e0: 7574 206f 6620 6120 6c6f 6f70 2077 6974 ut of a loop wit\n+000130f0: 686f 7574 2066 756c 6c79 2063 6f6d 706c hout fully compl\n+00013100: 6574 696e 670a 6974 2c20 6574 632e 0a0a eting.it, etc...\n+00013110: 6272 6561 6b20 5be2 8098 6ee2 8099 5d0a break [...n...].\n+00013120: 2020 2020 2045 7869 7420 6672 6f6d 2077 Exit from w\n+00013130: 6974 6869 6e20 6120 e280 9866 6f72 e280 ithin a ...for..\n+00013140: 992c 20e2 8098 7768 696c 65e2 8099 2c20 ., ...while..., \n+00013150: 6f72 20e2 8098 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 206c or ...until... l\n+00013160: 6f6f 702e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 oop. If ...n...\n+00013170: 2069 730a 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 is. specifi\n+00013180: 6564 2c20 6272 6561 6b20 e280 986e e280 ed, break ...n..\n+00013190: 9920 6c65 7665 6c73 2e20 20e2 8098 6ee2 . levels. ...n.\n+000131a0: 8099 206d 7573 7420 6265 2067 7265 6174 .. must be great\n+000131b0: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 6f72 2065 7175 616c er than or equal\n+000131c0: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2031 2e20 2049 6620 to. 1. If \n+000131d0: e280 986e e280 9920 6973 2067 7265 6174 ...n... is great\n+000131e0: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 er than the numb\n+000131f0: 6572 206f 6620 656e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 er of enclosing \n+00013200: 6c6f 6f70 732c 2061 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 loops, all. \n+00013210: 656e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 7320 enclosing loops \n+00013220: 6172 6520 6578 6974 6564 2e20 2054 6865 are exited. The\n+00013230: 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7661 6c75 6520 6973 return value is\n+00013240: 2030 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 e280 986e e280 0 unless ...n..\n+00013250: 9920 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 7420 6772 . is. not gr\n+00013260: 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e 206f 7220 6571 eater than or eq\n+00013270: 7561 6c20 746f 2031 2e0a 0a63 6f6e 7469 ual to 1...conti\n+00013280: 6e75 6520 5be2 8098 6ee2 8099 5d0a 2020 nue [...n...]. \n+00013290: 2020 2052 6573 756d 6520 7468 6520 6e65 Resume the ne\n+000132a0: 7874 2069 7465 7261 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 xt iteration of \n+000132b0: 7468 6520 656e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 e280 the enclosing ..\n+000132c0: 9866 6f72 e280 992c 20e2 8098 7768 696c .for..., ...whil\n+000132d0: 65e2 8099 206f 720a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 e... or. ...\n+000132e0: 756e 7469 6ce2 8099 206c 6f6f 702e 2020 until... loop. \n+000132f0: 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 7370 If ...n... is sp\n+00013300: 6563 6966 6965 642c 2072 6573 756d 6520 ecified, resume \n+00013310: 6174 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 7468 at the ...n...th\n+00013320: 2065 6e63 6c6f 7369 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 enclosing. \n+00013330: 6c6f 6f70 2e20 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 206d loop. ...n... m\n+00013340: 7573 7420 6265 2067 7265 6174 6572 2074 ust be greater t\n+00013350: 6861 6e20 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f20 han or equal to \n+00013360: 312e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 1. If ...n... i\n+00013370: 7320 6772 6561 7465 720a 2020 2020 2074 s greater. t\n+00013380: 6861 6e20 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f han the number o\n+00013390: 6620 656e 636c 6f73 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 f enclosing loop\n+000133a0: 732c 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 656e 636c s, the last encl\n+000133b0: 6f73 696e 6720 6c6f 6f70 2028 7468 650a osing loop (the.\n+000133c0: 2020 2020 20e2 809c 746f 702d 6c65 7665 ...top-leve\n+000133d0: 6ce2 809d 206c 6f6f 7029 2069 7320 7265 l... loop) is re\n+000133e0: 7375 6d65 642e 2020 5468 6520 7265 7475 sumed. The retu\n+000133f0: 726e 2076 616c 7565 2069 7320 3020 756e rn value is 0 un\n+00013400: 6c65 7373 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 730a less ...n... is.\n+00013410: 2020 2020 206e 6f74 2067 7265 6174 6572 not greater\n+00013420: 2074 6861 6e20 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 than or equal t\n+00013430: 6f20 312e 0a0a 7265 7475 726e 205b e280 o 1...return [..\n+00013440: 986e e280 995d 0a20 2020 2020 4361 7573 .n...]. Caus\n+00013450: 6573 2061 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 746f es a function to\n+00013460: 2065 7869 7420 7769 7468 2074 6865 2072 exit with the r\n+00013470: 6574 7572 6e20 7661 6c75 6520 7370 6563 eturn value spec\n+00013480: 6966 6965 6420 6279 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 ified by ...n...\n+00013490: 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 e280 986e e280 .. If ...n..\n+000134a0: 9920 6973 206f 6d69 7474 6564 2c20 7468 . is omitted, th\n+000134b0: 6520 7265 7475 726e 2073 7461 7475 7320 e return status \n+000134c0: 6973 2074 6861 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206c is that of the l\n+000134d0: 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 2020 ast command. \n+000134e0: 2065 7865 6375 7465 6420 696e 2074 6865 executed in the\n+000134f0: 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 626f 6479 2e20 function body. \n+00013500: 2049 6620 7573 6564 206f 7574 7369 6465 If used outside\n+00013510: 2061 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 7468 650a a function the.\n+00013520: 2020 2020 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7374 6174 return stat\n+00013530: 7573 2069 7320 6661 6c73 652e 0a0a 7365 us is false...se\n+00013540: 7470 6172 616d 7320 5be2 8098 6172 67e2 tparams [...arg.\n+00013550: 8099 5d20 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 6570 ..] .... Rep\n+00013560: 6c61 6365 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 lace positional \n+00013570: 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2073 7461 7274 parameters start\n+00013580: 696e 6720 7769 7468 20e2 8098 2431 e280 ing with ...$1..\n+00013590: 9920 7769 7468 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 . with arguments\n+000135a0: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7365 7470 to. ...setp\n+000135b0: 6172 616d 73e2 8099 2e0a 0a73 6869 6674 arams......shift\n+000135c0: 205b e280 986e e280 995d 0a20 2020 2020 [...n...]. \n+000135d0: 5468 6520 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c 2070 The positional p\n+000135e0: 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 6672 6f6d 20e2 arameters from .\n+000135f0: 8098 6ee2 8099 2b31 202e 2e2e 2061 7265 ..n...+1 ... are\n+00013600: 2072 656e 616d 6564 2074 6f20 e280 9824 renamed to ...$\n+00013610: 31e2 8099 2e2e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 5061 1........ Pa\n+00013620: 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2072 6570 7265 7365 rameters represe\n+00013630: 6e74 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 nted by the numb\n+00013640: 6572 7320 e280 9824 23e2 8099 2064 6f77 ers ...$#... dow\n+00013650: 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 2423 e280 992d e280 n to ...$#...-..\n+00013660: 986e e280 992b 3120 6172 650a 2020 2020 .n...+1 are. \n+00013670: 2075 6e73 6574 2e20 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 unset. ...n...\n+00013680: 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 206e 6f6e 2d6e must be a non-n\n+00013690: 6567 6174 6976 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206c egative number l\n+000136a0: 6573 7320 7468 616e 206f 7220 6571 7561 ess than or equa\n+000136b0: 6c20 746f 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9824 23e2 l to. ...$#.\n+000136c0: 8099 2e20 2049 6620 e280 986e e280 9920 ... If ...n... \n+000136d0: 6973 2030 2c20 6e6f 2070 6172 616d 6574 is 0, no paramet\n+000136e0: 6572 7320 6172 6520 6368 616e 6765 642e ers are changed.\n+000136f0: 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 If ...n... is \n+00013700: 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2067 6976 656e 2c20 not. given, \n+00013710: 6974 2069 7320 6173 7375 6d65 6420 746f it is assumed to\n+00013720: 2062 6520 312e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 6ee2 be 1. If ...n.\n+00013730: 8099 2069 7320 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 .. is greater th\n+00013740: 616e 20e2 8098 2423 e280 992c 2074 6865 an ...$#..., the\n+00013750: 0a20 2020 2020 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c . positional\n+00013760: 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 6172 6520 parameters are \n+00013770: 6e6f 7420 6368 616e 6765 642e 2020 5468 not changed. Th\n+00013780: 6520 7265 7475 726e 2073 7461 7475 7320 e return status \n+00013790: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6772 6561 7465 7220 is. greater \n+000137a0: 7468 616e 207a 6572 6f20 6966 20e2 8098 than zero if ...\n+000137b0: 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 6772 6561 7465 7220 n... is greater \n+000137c0: 7468 616e 20e2 8098 2423 e280 9920 6f72 than ...$#... or\n+000137d0: 206c 6573 7320 7468 616e 207a 6572 6f3b less than zero;\n+000137e0: 0a20 2020 2020 6f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 . otherwise \n+000137f0: 302e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 0.....File: grub\n+00013800: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5368 .info, Node: Sh\n+00013810: 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 ell-like scripti\n+00013820: 6e67 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 2c20 2055 ng-Footnotes, U\n+00013830: 703a 2053 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 7363 p: Shell-like sc\n+00013840: 7269 7074 696e 670a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 ripting.. (1) \n+00013850: 4375 7272 656e 746c 7920 6120 6261 636b Currently a back\n+00013860: 736c 6173 682d 6e65 776c 696e 6520 7061 slash-newline pa\n+00013870: 6972 2077 6974 6869 6e20 6120 7661 7269 ir within a vari\n+00013880: 6162 6c65 206e 616d 6520 6973 206e 6f74 able name is not\n+00013890: 0a68 616e 646c 6564 2070 726f 7065 726c .handled properl\n+000138a0: 792c 2073 6f20 7573 6520 7468 6973 2066 y, so use this f\n+000138b0: 6561 7475 7265 2077 6974 6820 736f 6d65 eature with some\n+000138c0: 2063 6172 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 care.....File: \n+000138d0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+000138e0: 3a20 4d75 6c74 692d 626f 6f74 206d 616e : Multi-boot man\n+000138f0: 7561 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 2c20 204e 6578 ual config, Nex\n+00013900: 743a 2045 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f 6e66 t: Embedded conf\n+00013910: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 iguration, Prev\n+00013920: 3a20 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 : Shell-like scr\n+00013930: 6970 7469 6e67 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6e ipting, Up: Con\n+00013940: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a0a 362e 3420 figuration..6.4 \n+00013950: 4d75 6c74 692d 626f 6f74 206d 616e 7561 Multi-boot manua\n+00013960: 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d l config.=======\n 00013970: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00013980: 3d0a 0a43 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2061 7574 =..Currently aut\n-00013990: 6f67 656e 6572 6174 696e 6720 636f 6e66 ogenerating conf\n-000139a0: 6967 2066 696c 6573 2066 6f72 206d 756c ig files for mul\n-000139b0: 7469 2d62 6f6f 7420 656e 7669 726f 6e6d ti-boot environm\n-000139c0: 656e 7473 0a64 6570 656e 6473 206f 6e20 ents.depends on \n-000139d0: 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 7220 616e 6420 6861 os-prober and ha\n-000139e0: 7320 7365 7665 7261 6c20 7368 6f72 7463 s several shortc\n-000139f0: 6f6d 696e 6773 2e20 2044 7565 2074 6f20 omings. Due to \n-00013a00: 7468 6174 2069 7420 6973 0a64 6973 6162 that it is.disab\n-00013a10: 6c65 6420 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2e20 led by default. \n-00013a20: 2049 7420 6973 2061 6476 6973 6564 2074 It is advised t\n-00013a30: 6f20 7573 6520 7468 6520 706f 7765 7220 o use the power \n-00013a40: 6f66 2047 5255 4220 7379 6e74 6178 2061 of GRUB syntax a\n-00013a50: 6e64 0a64 6f20 6974 2079 6f75 7273 656c nd.do it yoursel\n-00013a60: 662e 2020 4120 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2063 f. A possible c\n-00013a70: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 onfiguration is \n-00013a80: 6465 7461 696c 6564 2068 6572 652c 2066 detailed here, f\n-00013a90: 6565 6c20 6672 6565 2074 6f0a 6164 6a75 eel free to.adju\n-00013aa0: 7374 2074 6f20 796f 7572 206e 6565 6473 st to your needs\n-00013ab0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4669 7273 7420 6372 6561 ... First crea\n-00013ac0: 7465 2061 2073 6570 6172 6174 6520 4752 te a separate GR\n-00013ad0: 5542 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 6269 UB partition, bi\n-00013ae0: 6720 656e 6f75 6768 2074 6f20 686f 6c64 g enough to hold\n-00013af0: 2047 5255 422e 2053 6f6d 650a 6f66 2074 GRUB. Some.of t\n-00013b00: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2065 6e74 he following ent\n-00013b10: 7269 6573 2073 686f 7720 686f 7720 746f ries show how to\n-00013b20: 206c 6f61 6420 4f53 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c load OS install\n-00013b30: 6572 2069 6d61 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 er images from t\n-00013b40: 6869 730a 7361 6d65 2070 6172 7469 7469 his.same partiti\n-00013b50: 6f6e 2c20 666f 7220 7468 6174 2079 6f75 on, for that you\n-00013b60: 206f 6276 696f 7573 6c79 206e 6565 6420 obviously need \n-00013b70: 746f 206d 616b 6520 7468 6520 7061 7274 to make the part\n-00013b80: 6974 696f 6e20 6c61 7267 650a 656e 6f75 ition large.enou\n-00013b90: 6768 2074 6f20 686f 6c64 2074 686f 7365 gh to hold those\n-00013ba0: 2069 6d61 6765 7320 6173 2077 656c 6c2e images as well.\n-00013bb0: 2020 4d6f 756e 7420 7468 6973 2070 6172 Mount this par\n-00013bc0: 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 6e2f 6d6e 742f 626f tition on/mnt/bo\n-00013bd0: 6f74 0a61 6e64 2064 6973 6162 6c65 2047 ot.and disable G\n-00013be0: 5255 4220 696e 2061 6c6c 204f 5365 7320 RUB in all OSes \n-00013bf0: 616e 6420 6d61 6e75 616c 6c79 2069 6e73 and manually ins\n-00013c00: 7461 6c6c 2073 656c 662d 636f 6d70 696c tall self-compil\n-00013c10: 6564 206c 6174 6573 740a 4752 5542 2077 ed latest.GRUB w\n-00013c20: 6974 683a 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 6772 7562 ith:.. ...grub\n-00013c30: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202d 2d62 6f6f 742d -install --boot-\n-00013c40: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f62 directory=/mnt/b\n-00013c50: 6f6f 7420 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 e280 990a oot /dev/sda....\n-00013c60: 0a20 2020 496e 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 204f . In all the O\n-00013c70: 5365 7320 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 Ses install GRUB\n-00013c80: 2074 6f6f 6c73 2062 7574 2064 6973 6162 tools but disab\n-00013c90: 6c65 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 le installing GR\n-00013ca0: 5542 2069 6e0a 626f 6f74 7365 6374 6f72 UB in.bootsector\n-00013cb0: 2c20 736f 2079 6f75 276c 6c20 6861 7665 , so you'll have\n-00013cc0: 206d 656e 752e 6c73 7420 616e 6420 6772 menu.lst and gr\n-00013cd0: 7562 2e63 6667 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 ub.cfg available\n-00013ce0: 2066 6f72 2075 7365 2e0a 416c 736f 2064 for use..Also d\n-00013cf0: 6973 6162 6c65 206f 732d 7072 6f62 6572 isable os-prober\n-00013d00: 2075 7365 2062 7920 7365 7474 696e 673a use by setting:\n-00013d10: 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4953 .. ...GRUB_DIS\n-00013d20: 4142 4c45 5f4f 535f 5052 4f42 4552 3d74 ABLE_OS_PROBER=t\n-00013d30: 7275 65e2 8099 0a0a 2020 2069 6e20 2f65 rue..... in /e\n-00013d40: 7463 2f64 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 7275 620a tc/default/grub.\n-00013d50: 0a20 2020 5468 656e 2077 7269 7465 2061 . Then write a\n-00013d60: 2067 7275 622e 6366 6720 282f 6d6e 742f grub.cfg (/mnt/\n-00013d70: 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 boot/grub/grub.c\n-00013d80: 6667 293a 0a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 fg):... menu\n-00013d90: 656e 7472 7920 224f 5320 7573 696e 6720 entry \"OS using \n-00013da0: 6772 7562 3222 207b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 grub2\" {. \n-00013db0: 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 7866 730a 2020 2020 insmod xfs. \n-00013dc0: 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 search --set\n-00013dd0: 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 4f53 =root --label OS\n-00013de0: 3120 2d2d 6869 6e74 2068 6430 2c6d 7364 1 --hint hd0,msd\n-00013df0: 6f73 380a 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f 6e66 os8. conf\n-00013e00: 6967 6669 6c65 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 igfile /boot/gru\n-00013e10: 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 0a20 2020 2020 b/grub.cfg. \n-00013e20: 7d0a 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 }.. menuentr\n-00013e30: 7920 224f 5320 7573 696e 6720 6772 7562 y \"OS using grub\n-00013e40: 322d 6c65 6761 6379 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 2-legacy\" {. \n-00013e50: 2020 2020 696e 736d 6f64 2065 7874 320a insmod ext2.\n-00013e60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d search -\n-00013e70: 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 -set=root --labe\n-00013e80: 6c20 4f53 3220 2d2d 6869 6e74 2068 6430 l OS2 --hint hd0\n-00013e90: 2c6d 7364 6f73 360a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ,msdos6. \n-00013ea0: 6c65 6761 6379 5f63 6f6e 6669 6766 696c legacy_configfil\n-00013eb0: 6520 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f6d 656e e /boot/grub/men\n-00013ec0: 752e 6c73 740a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 u.lst. }.. \n-00013ed0: 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 5769 menuentry \"Wi\n-00013ee0: 6e64 6f77 7320 5850 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 ndows XP\" {. \n-00013ef0: 2020 2020 696e 736d 6f64 206e 7466 730a insmod ntfs.\n-00013f00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d search -\n-00013f10: 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 -set=root --labe\n-00013f20: 6c20 5749 4e44 4f57 535f 5850 202d 2d68 l WINDOWS_XP --h\n-00013f30: 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7331 0a20 int hd0,msdos1. \n-00013f40: 2020 2020 2020 206e 746c 6472 202f 6e74 ntldr /nt\n-00013f50: 6c64 720a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 ldr. }.. \n-00013f60: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 5769 6e64 menuentry \"Wind\n-00013f70: 6f77 7320 3722 207b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ows 7\" {. \n-00013f80: 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 6e74 6673 0a20 2020 insmod ntfs. \n-00013f90: 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 6820 2d2d 7365 search --se\n-00013fa0: 743d 726f 6f74 202d 2d6c 6162 656c 2057 t=root --label W\n-00013fb0: 494e 444f 5753 5f37 202d 2d68 696e 7420 INDOWS_7 --hint \n-00013fc0: 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7332 0a20 2020 2020 hd0,msdos2. \n-00013fd0: 2020 206e 746c 6472 202f 626f 6f74 6d67 ntldr /bootmg\n-00013fe0: 720a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d r. }.. m\n-00013ff0: 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 4672 6565 4253 enuentry \"FreeBS\n-00014000: 4422 207b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 D\" {. \n-00014010: 2020 2020 696e 736d 6f64 207a 6673 0a20 insmod zfs. \n-00014020: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 se\n-00014030: 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 arch --set=root \n-00014040: 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 6672 6565 706f 6f6c --label freepool\n-00014050: 202d 2d68 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f --hint hd0,msdo\n-00014060: 7337 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s7. \n-00014070: 2020 6b66 7265 6562 7364 202f 6672 6565 kfreebsd /free\n-00014080: 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f 742f 6b65 726e 656c bsd@/boot/kernel\n-00014090: 2f6b 6572 6e65 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 /kernel. \n-000140a0: 2020 2020 2020 206b 6672 6565 6273 645f kfreebsd_\n-000140b0: 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 202f 6672 6565 module_elf /free\n-000140c0: 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f 742f 6b65 726e 656c bsd@/boot/kernel\n-000140d0: 2f6f 7065 6e73 6f6c 6172 6973 2e6b 6f0a /opensolaris.ko.\n-000140e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206b k\n-000140f0: 6672 6565 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 freebsd_module_e\n-00014100: 6c66 202f 6672 6565 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f lf /freebsd@/boo\n-00014110: 742f 6b65 726e 656c 2f7a 6673 2e6b 6f0a t/kernel/zfs.ko.\n-00014120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206b k\n-00014130: 6672 6565 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 202f freebsd_module /\n-00014140: 6672 6565 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f 742f 7a66 freebsd@/boot/zf\n-00014150: 732f 7a70 6f6f 6c2e 6361 6368 6520 7479 s/zpool.cache ty\n-00014160: 7065 3d2f 626f 6f74 2f7a 6673 2f7a 706f pe=/boot/zfs/zpo\n-00014170: 6f6c 2e63 6163 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ol.cache. \n-00014180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7420 6b46 7265 set kFre\n-00014190: 6542 5344 2e76 6673 2e72 6f6f 742e 6d6f eBSD.vfs.root.mo\n-000141a0: 756e 7466 726f 6d3d 7a66 733a 6672 6565 untfrom=zfs:free\n-000141b0: 706f 6f6c 2f66 7265 6562 7364 0a20 2020 pool/freebsd. \n-000141c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7420 set \n-000141d0: 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2e68 772e 7073 6d2e kFreeBSD.hw.psm.\n-000141e0: 7379 6e61 7074 6963 735f 7375 7070 6f72 synaptics_suppor\n-000141f0: 743d 310a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 t=1. }.. \n-00014200: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 6578 7065 menuentry \"expe\n-00014210: 7269 6d65 6e74 616c 2047 5255 4222 207b rimental GRUB\" {\n-00014220: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00014230: 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f search --set=roo\n-00014240: 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 4752 5542 202d t --label GRUB -\n-00014250: 2d68 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7335 -hint hd0,msdos5\n-00014260: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00014270: 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 2f65 7870 6572 multiboot /exper\n-00014280: 696d 656e 7461 6c2f 6772 7562 2f69 3338 imental/grub/i38\n-00014290: 362d 7063 2f63 6f72 652e 696d 670a 2020 6-pc/core.img. \n-000142a0: 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 }.. menue\n-000142b0: 6e74 7279 2022 4665 646f 7261 2031 3620 ntry \"Fedora 16 \n-000142c0: 696e 7374 616c 6c65 7222 207b 0a20 2020 installer\" {. \n-000142d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 sear\n-000142e0: 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d ch --set=root --\n-000142f0: 6c61 6265 6c20 4752 5542 202d 2d68 696e label GRUB --hin\n-00014300: 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7335 0a20 2020 t hd0,msdos5. \n-00014310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c69 6e75 linu\n-00014320: 7820 2f66 6564 6f72 612f 766d 6c69 6e75 x /fedora/vmlinu\n-00014330: 7a20 6c61 6e67 3d65 6e5f 5553 206b 6579 z lang=en_US key\n-00014340: 6d61 703d 7367 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f map=sg resolutio\n-00014350: 6e3d 3132 3830 7838 3030 0a20 2020 2020 n=1280x800. \n-00014360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 6974 7264 initrd\n-00014370: 202f 6665 646f 7261 2f69 6e69 7472 642e /fedora/initrd.\n-00014380: 696d 670a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 img. }.. \n-00014390: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 4665 646f menuentry \"Fedo\n-000143a0: 7261 2072 6177 6869 6465 2069 6e73 7461 ra rawhide insta\n-000143b0: 6c6c 6572 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ller\" {. \n-000143c0: 2020 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 6820 2d2d search --\n-000143d0: 7365 743d 726f 6f74 202d 2d6c 6162 656c set=root --label\n-000143e0: 2047 5255 4220 2d2d 6869 6e74 2068 6430 GRUB --hint hd0\n-000143f0: 2c6d 7364 6f73 350a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ,msdos5. \n-00014400: 2020 2020 2020 206c 696e 7578 202f 6665 linux /fe\n-00014410: 646f 7261 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a 2072 6570 dora/vmlinuz rep\n-00014420: 6f3d 6674 703a 2f2f 6d69 7272 6f72 2e73 o=ftp://mirror.s\n-00014430: 7769 7463 682e 6368 2f6d 6972 726f 722f witch.ch/mirror/\n-00014440: 6665 646f 7261 2f6c 696e 7578 2f64 6576 fedora/linux/dev\n-00014450: 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2f72 6177 6869 6465 elopment/rawhide\n-00014460: 2f78 3836 5f36 3420 6c61 6e67 3d65 6e5f /x86_64 lang=en_\n-00014470: 5553 206b 6579 6d61 703d 7367 2072 6573 US keymap=sg res\n-00014480: 6f6c 7574 696f 6e3d 3132 3830 7838 3030 olution=1280x800\n-00014490: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-000144a0: 696e 6974 7264 202f 6665 646f 7261 2f69 initrd /fedora/i\n-000144b0: 6e69 7472 642e 696d 670a 2020 2020 207d nitrd.img. }\n-000144c0: 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 .. menuentry\n-000144d0: 2022 4465 6269 616e 2073 6964 2069 6e73 \"Debian sid ins\n-000144e0: 7461 6c6c 6572 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 2020 taller\" {. \n-000144f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 6820 search \n-00014500: 2d2d 7365 743d 726f 6f74 202d 2d6c 6162 --set=root --lab\n-00014510: 656c 2047 5255 4220 2d2d 6869 6e74 2068 el GRUB --hint h\n-00014520: 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 350a 2020 2020 2020 d0,msdos5. \n-00014530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 696e 7578 202f linux /\n-00014540: 6465 6269 616e 2f64 6973 7473 2f73 6964 debian/dists/sid\n-00014550: 2f6d 6169 6e2f 696e 7374 616c 6c65 722d /main/installer-\n-00014560: 616d 6436 342f 6375 7272 656e 742f 696d amd64/current/im\n-00014570: 6167 6573 2f68 642d 6d65 6469 612f 766d ages/hd-media/vm\n-00014580: 6c69 6e75 7a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 linuz. \n-00014590: 2020 2020 2069 6e69 7472 6420 2f64 6562 initrd /deb\n-000145a0: 6961 6e2f 6469 7374 732f 7369 642f 6d61 ian/dists/sid/ma\n-000145b0: 696e 2f69 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 2d61 6d64 in/installer-amd\n-000145c0: 3634 2f63 7572 7265 6e74 2f69 6d61 6765 64/current/image\n-000145d0: 732f 6864 2d6d 6564 6961 2f69 6e69 7472 s/hd-media/initr\n-000145e0: 642e 677a 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a 0a0a 2020 d.gz. }... \n-000145f0: 204e 6f74 6573 3a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2041 Notes:. ... A\n-00014600: 7267 756d 656e 7420 746f 2073 6561 7263 rgument to searc\n-00014610: 6820 6166 7465 7220 2d6c 6162 656c 2069 h after -label i\n-00014620: 7320 4653 204c 4142 454c 2e20 596f 7520 s FS LABEL. You \n-00014630: 6361 6e20 616c 736f 2075 7365 2055 5549 can also use UUI\n-00014640: 4473 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 202d 6673 Ds. with -fs\n-00014650: 2d75 7569 6420 5555 4944 2069 6e73 7465 -uuid UUID inste\n-00014660: 6164 206f 6620 2d6c 6162 656c 204c 4142 ad of -label LAB\n-00014670: 454c 2e20 596f 7520 636f 756c 6420 616c EL. You could al\n-00014680: 736f 2075 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7265 so use. dire\n-00014690: 6374 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 3d68 6430 2c6d ct ...root=hd0,m\n-000146a0: 7364 6f73 58e2 8099 2062 7574 2074 6869 sdosX... but thi\n-000146b0: 7320 6973 206e 6f74 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 s is not recomme\n-000146c0: 6e64 6564 2064 7565 2074 6f20 6465 7669 nded due to devi\n-000146d0: 6365 0a20 2020 2020 6e61 6d65 2069 6e73 ce. name ins\n-000146e0: 7461 6269 6c69 7479 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c tability.....Fil\n-000146f0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00014700: 6f64 653a 2045 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f ode: Embedded co\n-00014710: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 nfiguration, Pr\n-00014720: 6576 3a20 4d75 6c74 692d 626f 6f74 206d ev: Multi-boot m\n-00014730: 616e 7561 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 2c20 2055 anual config, U\n-00014740: 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e p: Configuration\n-00014750: 0a0a 362e 3520 456d 6265 6464 696e 6720 ..6.5 Embedding \n-00014760: 6120 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 a configuration \n-00014770: 6669 6c65 2069 6e74 6f20 4752 5542 0a3d file into GRUB.=\n-00014780: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00013980: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a43 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 =====..Currently\n+00013990: 2061 7574 6f67 656e 6572 6174 696e 6720 autogenerating \n+000139a0: 636f 6e66 6967 2066 696c 6573 2066 6f72 config files for\n+000139b0: 206d 756c 7469 2d62 6f6f 7420 656e 7669 multi-boot envi\n+000139c0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7473 0a64 6570 656e 6473 ronments.depends\n+000139d0: 206f 6e20 6f73 2d70 726f 6265 7220 616e on os-prober an\n+000139e0: 6420 6861 7320 7365 7665 7261 6c20 7368 d has several sh\n+000139f0: 6f72 7463 6f6d 696e 6773 2e20 2044 7565 ortcomings. Due\n+00013a00: 2074 6f20 7468 6174 2069 7420 6973 0a64 to that it is.d\n+00013a10: 6973 6162 6c65 6420 6279 2064 6566 6175 isabled by defau\n+00013a20: 6c74 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2061 6476 6973 lt. It is advis\n+00013a30: 6564 2074 6f20 7573 6520 7468 6520 706f ed to use the po\n+00013a40: 7765 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 7379 6e74 wer of GRUB synt\n+00013a50: 6178 2061 6e64 0a64 6f20 6974 2079 6f75 ax and.do it you\n+00013a60: 7273 656c 662e 2020 4120 706f 7373 6962 rself. A possib\n+00013a70: 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e le configuration\n+00013a80: 2069 7320 6465 7461 696c 6564 2068 6572 is detailed her\n+00013a90: 652c 2066 6565 6c20 6672 6565 2074 6f0a e, feel free to.\n+00013aa0: 6164 6a75 7374 2074 6f20 796f 7572 206e adjust to your n\n+00013ab0: 6565 6473 2e0a 0a20 2020 4669 7273 7420 eeds... First \n+00013ac0: 6372 6561 7465 2061 2073 6570 6172 6174 create a separat\n+00013ad0: 6520 4752 5542 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e e GRUB partition\n+00013ae0: 2c20 6269 6720 656e 6f75 6768 2074 6f20 , big enough to \n+00013af0: 686f 6c64 2047 5255 422e 2053 6f6d 650a hold GRUB. Some.\n+00013b00: 6f66 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 of the following\n+00013b10: 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2073 686f 7720 686f entries show ho\n+00013b20: 7720 746f 206c 6f61 6420 4f53 2069 6e73 w to load OS ins\n+00013b30: 7461 6c6c 6572 2069 6d61 6765 7320 6672 taller images fr\n+00013b40: 6f6d 2074 6869 730a 7361 6d65 2070 6172 om this.same par\n+00013b50: 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 666f 7220 7468 6174 tition, for that\n+00013b60: 2079 6f75 206f 6276 696f 7573 6c79 206e you obviously n\n+00013b70: 6565 6420 746f 206d 616b 6520 7468 6520 eed to make the \n+00013b80: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6c61 7267 650a partition large.\n+00013b90: 656e 6f75 6768 2074 6f20 686f 6c64 2074 enough to hold t\n+00013ba0: 686f 7365 2069 6d61 6765 7320 6173 2077 hose images as w\n+00013bb0: 656c 6c2e 2020 4d6f 756e 7420 7468 6973 ell. Mount this\n+00013bc0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 6e2f 6d6e partition on/mn\n+00013bd0: 742f 626f 6f74 0a61 6e64 2064 6973 6162 t/boot.and disab\n+00013be0: 6c65 2047 5255 4220 696e 2061 6c6c 204f le GRUB in all O\n+00013bf0: 5365 7320 616e 6420 6d61 6e75 616c 6c79 Ses and manually\n+00013c00: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2073 656c 662d 636f install self-co\n+00013c10: 6d70 696c 6564 206c 6174 6573 740a 4752 mpiled latest.GR\n+00013c20: 5542 2077 6974 683a 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 UB with:.. ...\n+00013c30: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202d 2d62 grub-install --b\n+00013c40: 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d oot-directory=/m\n+00013c50: 6e74 2f62 6f6f 7420 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 nt/boot /dev/sda\n+00013c60: e280 990a 0a20 2020 496e 2061 6c6c 2074 ..... In all t\n+00013c70: 6865 204f 5365 7320 696e 7374 616c 6c20 he OSes install \n+00013c80: 4752 5542 2074 6f6f 6c73 2062 7574 2064 GRUB tools but d\n+00013c90: 6973 6162 6c65 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e isable installin\n+00013ca0: 6720 4752 5542 2069 6e0a 626f 6f74 7365 g GRUB in.bootse\n+00013cb0: 6374 6f72 2c20 736f 2079 6f75 276c 6c20 ctor, so you'll \n+00013cc0: 6861 7665 206d 656e 752e 6c73 7420 616e have menu.lst an\n+00013cd0: 6420 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2061 7661 696c d grub.cfg avail\n+00013ce0: 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 2075 7365 2e0a 416c able for use..Al\n+00013cf0: 736f 2064 6973 6162 6c65 206f 732d 7072 so disable os-pr\n+00013d00: 6f62 6572 2075 7365 2062 7920 7365 7474 ober use by sett\n+00013d10: 696e 673a 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 4752 5542 ing:.. ...GRUB\n+00013d20: 5f44 4953 4142 4c45 5f4f 535f 5052 4f42 _DISABLE_OS_PROB\n+00013d30: 4552 3d74 7275 65e2 8099 0a0a 2020 2069 ER=true..... i\n+00013d40: 6e20 2f65 7463 2f64 6566 6175 6c74 2f67 n /etc/default/g\n+00013d50: 7275 620a 0a20 2020 5468 656e 2077 7269 rub.. Then wri\n+00013d60: 7465 2061 2067 7275 622e 6366 6720 282f te a grub.cfg (/\n+00013d70: 6d6e 742f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 mnt/boot/grub/gr\n+00013d80: 7562 2e63 6667 293a 0a0a 0a20 2020 2020 ub.cfg):... \n+00013d90: 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 7920 224f 5320 7573 menuentry \"OS us\n+00013da0: 696e 6720 6772 7562 3222 207b 0a20 2020 ing grub2\" {. \n+00013db0: 2020 2020 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 7866 730a insmod xfs.\n+00013dc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d search -\n+00013dd0: 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 -set=root --labe\n+00013de0: 6c20 4f53 3120 2d2d 6869 6e74 2068 6430 l OS1 --hint hd0\n+00013df0: 2c6d 7364 6f73 380a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ,msdos8. \n+00013e00: 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 202f 626f 6f74 configfile /boot\n+00013e10: 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 0a20 /grub/grub.cfg. \n+00013e20: 2020 2020 7d0a 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 }.. menu\n+00013e30: 656e 7472 7920 224f 5320 7573 696e 6720 entry \"OS using \n+00013e40: 6772 7562 322d 6c65 6761 6379 2220 7b0a grub2-legacy\" {.\n+00013e50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 736d 6f64 2065 insmod e\n+00013e60: 7874 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 xt2. sear\n+00013e70: 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d ch --set=root --\n+00013e80: 6c61 6265 6c20 4f53 3220 2d2d 6869 6e74 label OS2 --hint\n+00013e90: 2068 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 360a 2020 2020 hd0,msdos6. \n+00013ea0: 2020 2020 6c65 6761 6379 5f63 6f6e 6669 legacy_confi\n+00013eb0: 6766 696c 6520 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 gfile /boot/grub\n+00013ec0: 2f6d 656e 752e 6c73 740a 2020 2020 207d /menu.lst. }\n+00013ed0: 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 .. menuentry\n+00013ee0: 2022 5769 6e64 6f77 7320 5850 2220 7b0a \"Windows XP\" {.\n+00013ef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 736d 6f64 206e insmod n\n+00013f00: 7466 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 tfs. sear\n+00013f10: 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d ch --set=root --\n+00013f20: 6c61 6265 6c20 5749 4e44 4f57 535f 5850 label WINDOWS_XP\n+00013f30: 202d 2d68 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f --hint hd0,msdo\n+00013f40: 7331 0a20 2020 2020 2020 206e 746c 6472 s1. ntldr\n+00013f50: 202f 6e74 6c64 720a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a /ntldr. }..\n+00013f60: 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 menuentry \"\n+00013f70: 5769 6e64 6f77 7320 3722 207b 0a20 2020 Windows 7\" {. \n+00013f80: 2020 2020 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 6e74 6673 insmod ntfs\n+00013f90: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 6820 . search \n+00013fa0: 2d2d 7365 743d 726f 6f74 202d 2d6c 6162 --set=root --lab\n+00013fb0: 656c 2057 494e 444f 5753 5f37 202d 2d68 el WINDOWS_7 --h\n+00013fc0: 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7332 0a20 int hd0,msdos2. \n+00013fd0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 746c 6472 202f 626f ntldr /bo\n+00013fe0: 6f74 6d67 720a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 otmgr. }.. \n+00013ff0: 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 4672 menuentry \"Fr\n+00014000: 6565 4253 4422 207b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 eeBSD\" {. \n+00014010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 736d 6f64 207a insmod z\n+00014020: 6673 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 fs. \n+00014030: 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 search --set=r\n+00014040: 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 6672 6565 oot --label free\n+00014050: 706f 6f6c 202d 2d68 696e 7420 6864 302c pool --hint hd0,\n+00014060: 6d73 646f 7337 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 msdos7. \n+00014070: 2020 2020 2020 6b66 7265 6562 7364 202f kfreebsd /\n+00014080: 6672 6565 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f 742f 6b65 freebsd@/boot/ke\n+00014090: 726e 656c 2f6b 6572 6e65 6c0a 2020 2020 rnel/kernel. \n+000140a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206b 6672 6565 kfree\n+000140b0: 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 202f bsd_module_elf /\n+000140c0: 6672 6565 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f 742f 6b65 freebsd@/boot/ke\n+000140d0: 726e 656c 2f6f 7065 6e73 6f6c 6172 6973 rnel/opensolaris\n+000140e0: 2e6b 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .ko. \n+000140f0: 2020 206b 6672 6565 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 kfreebsd_modu\n+00014100: 6c65 5f65 6c66 202f 6672 6565 6273 6440 le_elf /freebsd@\n+00014110: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6b65 726e 656c 2f7a 6673 /boot/kernel/zfs\n+00014120: 2e6b 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .ko. \n+00014130: 2020 206b 6672 6565 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 kfreebsd_modu\n+00014140: 6c65 202f 6672 6565 6273 6440 2f62 6f6f le /freebsd@/boo\n+00014150: 742f 7a66 732f 7a70 6f6f 6c2e 6361 6368 t/zfs/zpool.cach\n+00014160: 6520 7479 7065 3d2f 626f 6f74 2f7a 6673 e type=/boot/zfs\n+00014170: 2f7a 706f 6f6c 2e63 6163 6865 0a20 2020 /zpool.cache. \n+00014180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7420 set \n+00014190: 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2e76 6673 2e72 6f6f kFreeBSD.vfs.roo\n+000141a0: 742e 6d6f 756e 7466 726f 6d3d 7a66 733a t.mountfrom=zfs:\n+000141b0: 6672 6565 706f 6f6c 2f66 7265 6562 7364 freepool/freebsd\n+000141c0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+000141d0: 7365 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2e68 772e set kFreeBSD.hw.\n+000141e0: 7073 6d2e 7379 6e61 7074 6963 735f 7375 psm.synaptics_su\n+000141f0: 7070 6f72 743d 310a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a pport=1. }..\n+00014200: 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 menuentry \"\n+00014210: 6578 7065 7269 6d65 6e74 616c 2047 5255 experimental GRU\n+00014220: 4222 207b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 B\" {. \n+00014230: 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 search --set\n+00014240: 3d72 6f6f 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 4752 =root --label GR\n+00014250: 5542 202d 2d68 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 UB --hint hd0,ms\n+00014260: 646f 7335 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dos5. \n+00014270: 2020 2020 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 2f65 multiboot /e\n+00014280: 7870 6572 696d 656e 7461 6c2f 6772 7562 xperimental/grub\n+00014290: 2f69 3338 362d 7063 2f63 6f72 652e 696d /i386-pc/core.im\n+000142a0: 670a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d g. }.. m\n+000142b0: 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 4665 646f 7261 enuentry \"Fedora\n+000142c0: 2031 3620 696e 7374 616c 6c65 7222 207b 16 installer\" {\n+000142d0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+000142e0: 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d73 6574 3d72 6f6f search --set=roo\n+000142f0: 7420 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c20 4752 5542 202d t --label GRUB -\n+00014300: 2d68 696e 7420 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7335 -hint hd0,msdos5\n+00014310: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00014320: 6c69 6e75 7820 2f66 6564 6f72 612f 766d linux /fedora/vm\n+00014330: 6c69 6e75 7a20 6c61 6e67 3d65 6e5f 5553 linuz lang=en_US\n+00014340: 206b 6579 6d61 703d 7367 2072 6573 6f6c keymap=sg resol\n+00014350: 7574 696f 6e3d 3132 3830 7838 3030 0a20 ution=1280x800. \n+00014360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e in\n+00014370: 6974 7264 202f 6665 646f 7261 2f69 6e69 itrd /fedora/ini\n+00014380: 7472 642e 696d 670a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a trd.img. }..\n+00014390: 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 menuentry \"\n+000143a0: 4665 646f 7261 2072 6177 6869 6465 2069 Fedora rawhide i\n+000143b0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 nstaller\" {. \n+000143c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 searc\n+000143d0: 6820 2d2d 7365 743d 726f 6f74 202d 2d6c h --set=root --l\n+000143e0: 6162 656c 2047 5255 4220 2d2d 6869 6e74 abel GRUB --hint\n+000143f0: 2068 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 350a 2020 2020 hd0,msdos5. \n+00014400: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 696e 7578 linux\n+00014410: 202f 6665 646f 7261 2f76 6d6c 696e 757a /fedora/vmlinuz\n+00014420: 2072 6570 6f3d 6674 703a 2f2f 6d69 7272 repo=ftp://mirr\n+00014430: 6f72 2e73 7769 7463 682e 6368 2f6d 6972 or.switch.ch/mir\n+00014440: 726f 722f 6665 646f 7261 2f6c 696e 7578 ror/fedora/linux\n+00014450: 2f64 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2f72 6177 /development/raw\n+00014460: 6869 6465 2f78 3836 5f36 3420 6c61 6e67 hide/x86_64 lang\n+00014470: 3d65 6e5f 5553 206b 6579 6d61 703d 7367 =en_US keymap=sg\n+00014480: 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e3d 3132 3830 resolution=1280\n+00014490: 7838 3030 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 x800. \n+000144a0: 2020 2020 696e 6974 7264 202f 6665 646f initrd /fedo\n+000144b0: 7261 2f69 6e69 7472 642e 696d 670a 2020 ra/initrd.img. \n+000144c0: 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 }.. menue\n+000144d0: 6e74 7279 2022 4465 6269 616e 2073 6964 ntry \"Debian sid\n+000144e0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 2220 7b0a 2020 installer\" {. \n+000144f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6561 sea\n+00014500: 7263 6820 2d2d 7365 743d 726f 6f74 202d rch --set=root -\n+00014510: 2d6c 6162 656c 2047 5255 4220 2d2d 6869 -label GRUB --hi\n+00014520: 6e74 2068 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 350a 2020 nt hd0,msdos5. \n+00014530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 696e lin\n+00014540: 7578 202f 6465 6269 616e 2f64 6973 7473 ux /debian/dists\n+00014550: 2f73 6964 2f6d 6169 6e2f 696e 7374 616c /sid/main/instal\n+00014560: 6c65 722d 616d 6436 342f 6375 7272 656e ler-amd64/curren\n+00014570: 742f 696d 6167 6573 2f68 642d 6d65 6469 t/images/hd-medi\n+00014580: 612f 766d 6c69 6e75 7a0a 2020 2020 2020 a/vmlinuz. \n+00014590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e69 7472 6420 initrd \n+000145a0: 2f64 6562 6961 6e2f 6469 7374 732f 7369 /debian/dists/si\n+000145b0: 642f 6d61 696e 2f69 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 d/main/installer\n+000145c0: 2d61 6d64 3634 2f63 7572 7265 6e74 2f69 -amd64/current/i\n+000145d0: 6d61 6765 732f 6864 2d6d 6564 6961 2f69 mages/hd-media/i\n+000145e0: 6e69 7472 642e 677a 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a nitrd.gz. }.\n+000145f0: 0a0a 2020 204e 6f74 6573 3a0a 2020 20e2 .. Notes:. .\n+00014600: 80a2 2041 7267 756d 656e 7420 746f 2073 .. Argument to s\n+00014610: 6561 7263 6820 6166 7465 7220 2d6c 6162 earch after -lab\n+00014620: 656c 2069 7320 4653 204c 4142 454c 2e20 el is FS LABEL. \n+00014630: 596f 7520 6361 6e20 616c 736f 2075 7365 You can also use\n+00014640: 2055 5549 4473 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 UUIDs. with\n+00014650: 202d 6673 2d75 7569 6420 5555 4944 2069 -fs-uuid UUID i\n+00014660: 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 2d6c 6162 656c nstead of -label\n+00014670: 204c 4142 454c 2e20 596f 7520 636f 756c LABEL. You coul\n+00014680: 6420 616c 736f 2075 7365 0a20 2020 2020 d also use. \n+00014690: 6469 7265 6374 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 3d68 direct ...root=h\n+000146a0: 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 58e2 8099 2062 7574 d0,msdosX... but\n+000146b0: 2074 6869 7320 6973 206e 6f74 2072 6563 this is not rec\n+000146c0: 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 2064 7565 2074 6f20 ommended due to \n+000146d0: 6465 7669 6365 0a20 2020 2020 6e61 6d65 device. name\n+000146e0: 2069 6e73 7461 6269 6c69 7479 2e0a 0a1f instability....\n+000146f0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00014700: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2045 6d62 6564 6465 , Node: Embedde\n+00014710: 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2c d configuration,\n+00014720: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4d75 6c74 692d 626f Prev: Multi-bo\n+00014730: 6f74 206d 616e 7561 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 ot manual config\n+00014740: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 , Up: Configura\n+00014750: 7469 6f6e 0a0a 362e 3520 456d 6265 6464 tion..6.5 Embedd\n+00014760: 696e 6720 6120 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 ing a configurat\n+00014770: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 6e74 6f20 4752 ion file into GR\n+00014780: 5542 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d UB.=============\n 00014790: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000147a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 ===========..GRU\n-000147b0: 4220 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2065 6d62 6564 B supports embed\n-000147c0: 6469 6e67 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 ding a configura\n-000147d0: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6469 7265 6374 tion file direct\n-000147e0: 6c79 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 636f 7265 ly into the core\n-000147f0: 0a69 6d61 6765 2c20 736f 2074 6861 7420 .image, so that \n-00014800: 6974 2069 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 6566 it is loaded bef\n-00014810: 6f72 6520 656e 7465 7269 6e67 206e 6f72 ore entering nor\n-00014820: 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 2e20 2054 6869 7320 mal mode. This \n-00014830: 6973 0a75 7365 6675 6c2c 2066 6f72 2065 is.useful, for e\n-00014840: 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 7768 656e 2069 7420 xample, when it \n-00014850: 6973 206e 6f74 2073 7472 6169 6768 7466 is not straightf\n-00014860: 6f72 7761 7264 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 2074 orward to find t\n-00014870: 6865 2072 6561 6c0a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 he real.configur\n-00014880: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2c20 6f72 2077 ation file, or w\n-00014890: 6865 6e20 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 hen you need to \n-000148a0: 6465 6275 6720 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2077 debug problems w\n-000148b0: 6974 6820 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 7468 6174 ith loading that\n-000148c0: 0a66 696c 652e 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d .file. ...grub-\n-000148d0: 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2075 7365 7320 install... uses \n-000148e0: 7468 6973 2066 6561 7475 7265 2077 6865 this feature whe\n-000148f0: 6e20 6974 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7573 696e n it is not usin\n-00014900: 6720 4249 4f53 2064 6973 6b0a 6675 6e63 g BIOS disk.func\n-00014910: 7469 6f6e 7320 6f72 2077 6865 6e20 696e tions or when in\n-00014920: 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2074 6f20 6120 6469 stalling to a di\n-00014930: 6666 6572 656e 7420 6469 736b 2066 726f fferent disk fro\n-00014940: 6d20 7468 6520 6f6e 6520 636f 6e74 6169 m the one contai\n-00014950: 6e69 6e67 0ae2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 ning..../boot/gr\n-00014960: 7562 e280 992c 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 ub..., in which \n-00014970: 6361 7365 2069 7420 6e65 6564 7320 746f case it needs to\n-00014980: 2075 7365 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7365 6172 use the ...sear\n-00014990: 6368 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a ch... command (*\n-000149a0: 6e6f 7465 0a73 6561 7263 683a 3a29 2074 note.search::) t\n-000149b0: 6f20 6669 6e64 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f o find .../boot/\n-000149c0: 6772 7562 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 grub...... To \n-000149d0: 656d 6265 6420 6120 636f 6e66 6967 7572 embed a configur\n-000149e0: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2c20 7573 6520 ation file, use \n-000149f0: 7468 6520 e280 982d 63e2 8099 206f 7074 the ...-c... opt\n-00014a00: 696f 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d ion to ...grub-m\n-00014a10: 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 992e 0a54 6865 2066 kimage.....The f\n-00014a20: 696c 6520 6973 2063 6f70 6965 6420 696e ile is copied in\n-00014a30: 746f 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 to the core imag\n-00014a40: 652c 2073 6f20 6974 206d 6179 2072 6573 e, so it may res\n-00014a50: 6964 6520 616e 7977 6865 7265 206f 6e20 ide anywhere on \n-00014a60: 7468 650a 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d2c the.file system,\n-00014a70: 2061 6e64 206d 6179 2062 6520 7265 6d6f and may be remo\n-00014a80: 7665 6420 6166 7465 7220 7275 6e6e 696e ved after runnin\n-00014a90: 6720 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 696d 6167 g ...grub-mkimag\n-00014aa0: 65e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 4166 7465 7220 e...... After \n-00014ab0: 7468 6520 656d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f6e the embedded con\n-00014ac0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 figuration file \n-00014ad0: 2869 6620 616e 7929 2069 7320 6578 6563 (if any) is exec\n-00014ae0: 7574 6564 2c20 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c0a uted, GRUB will.\n-00014af0: 6c6f 6164 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6e6f 726d load the ...norm\n-00014b00: 616c e280 9920 6d6f 6475 6c65 2028 2a6e al... module (*n\n-00014b10: 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a 292c 2077 ote normal::), w\n-00014b20: 6869 6368 2077 696c 6c20 7468 656e 2072 hich will then r\n-00014b30: 6561 6420 7468 6520 7265 616c 0a63 6f6e ead the real.con\n-00014b40: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 figuration file \n-00014b50: 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 2470 7265 6669 782f from ...$prefix/\n-00014b60: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 992e 2020 4279 grub.cfg.... By\n-00014b70: 2074 6869 7320 706f 696e 742c 2074 6865 this point, the\n-00014b80: 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 990a 7661 7269 ...root....vari\n-00014b90: 6162 6c65 2077 696c 6c20 616c 736f 2068 able will also h\n-00014ba0: 6176 6520 6265 656e 2073 6574 2074 6f20 ave been set to \n-00014bb0: 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 6520 the root device \n-00014bc0: 6e61 6d65 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 name. For examp\n-00014bd0: 6c65 2c0a e280 9870 7265 6669 78e2 8099 le,....prefix...\n-00014be0: 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f might be set to\n-00014bf0: 20e2 8098 2868 6430 2c31 292f 626f 6f74 ...(hd0,1)/boot\n-00014c00: 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 /grub..., and ..\n-00014c10: 9872 6f6f 74e2 8099 206d 6967 6874 2062 .root... might b\n-00014c20: 6520 7365 7420 746f 0ae2 8098 6864 302c e set to....hd0,\n-00014c30: 31e2 8099 2e20 2054 6875 732c 2069 6e20 1.... Thus, in \n-00014c40: 6d6f 7374 2063 6173 6573 2c20 7468 6520 most cases, the \n-00014c50: 656d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 embedded configu\n-00014c60: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6f6e 6c79 ration file only\n-00014c70: 0a6e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 7365 7420 7468 .needs to set th\n-00014c80: 6520 e280 9870 7265 6669 78e2 8099 2061 e ...prefix... a\n-00014c90: 6e64 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 9920 7661 nd ...root... va\n-00014ca0: 7269 6162 6c65 732c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 riables, and the\n-00014cb0: 6e20 6472 6f70 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2074 n drop through t\n-00014cc0: 6f0a 4752 5542 2773 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 o.GRUB's normal \n-00014cd0: 7072 6f63 6573 7369 6e67 2e20 2041 2074 processing. A t\n-00014ce0: 7970 6963 616c 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 206f ypical example o\n-00014cf0: 6620 7468 6973 206d 6967 6874 206c 6f6f f this might loo\n-00014d00: 6b20 6c69 6b65 0a74 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 k like.this:.. \n-00014d10: 2020 2073 6561 7263 682e 6673 5f75 7569 search.fs_uui\n-00014d20: 6420 3031 3233 3435 3637 2d38 3961 622d d 01234567-89ab-\n-00014d30: 6364 6566 2d30 3132 332d 3435 3637 3839 cdef-0123-456789\n-00014d40: 6162 6364 6566 2072 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 abcdef root. \n-00014d50: 2073 6574 2070 7265 6669 783d 2824 726f set prefix=($ro\n-00014d60: 6f74 292f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 620a 0a20 ot)/boot/grub.. \n-00014d70: 2020 2854 6865 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 (The ...search\n-00014d80: 5f66 735f 7575 6964 e280 9920 6d6f 6475 _fs_uuid... modu\n-00014d90: 6c65 206d 7573 7420 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 le must be inclu\n-00014da0: 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 ded in the core \n-00014db0: 696d 6167 6520 666f 720a 7468 6973 2065 image for.this e\n-00014dc0: 7861 6d70 6c65 2074 6f20 776f 726b 2e29 xample to work.)\n-00014dd0: 0a0a 2020 2049 6e20 6d6f 7265 2063 6f6d .. In more com\n-00014de0: 706c 6578 2063 6173 6573 2c20 6974 206d plex cases, it m\n-00014df0: 6179 2062 6520 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f20 ay be useful to \n-00014e00: 7265 6164 206f 7468 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 read other confi\n-00014e10: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a66 696c 6573 2064 guration.files d\n-00014e20: 6972 6563 746c 7920 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 irectly from the\n-00014e30: 2065 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f 6e66 6967 embedded config\n-00014e40: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2e20 2054 uration file. T\n-00014e50: 6869 7320 616c 6c6f 7773 2073 7563 680a his allows such.\n-00014e60: 7468 696e 6773 2061 7320 7265 6164 696e things as readin\n-00014e70: 6720 6669 6c65 7320 6e6f 7420 6361 6c6c g files not call\n-00014e80: 6564 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 ed ...grub.cfg..\n-00014e90: 992c 206f 7220 7265 6164 696e 6720 6669 ., or reading fi\n-00014ea0: 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 2061 0a64 6972 6563 les from a.direc\n-00014eb0: 746f 7279 206f 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 tory other than \n-00014ec0: 7468 6174 2077 6865 7265 2047 5255 4227 that where GRUB'\n-00014ed0: 7320 6c6f 6164 6162 6c65 206d 6f64 756c s loadable modul\n-00014ee0: 6573 2061 7265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 es are installed\n-00014ef0: 2e0a 546f 2064 6f20 7468 6973 2c20 696e ..To do this, in\n-00014f00: 636c 7564 6520 7468 6520 e280 9863 6f6e clude the ...con\n-00014f10: 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 figfile... and .\n-00014f20: 8098 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 6d6f 6475 ..normal... modu\n-00014f30: 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f72 650a les in the core.\n-00014f40: 696d 6167 652c 2061 6e64 2065 6d62 6564 image, and embed\n-00014f50: 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e a configuration\n-00014f60: 2066 696c 6520 7468 6174 2075 7365 7320 file that uses \n-00014f70: 7468 6520 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c the ...configfil\n-00014f80: 65e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a74 6f20 e... command.to \n-00014f90: 6c6f 6164 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2066 696c load another fil\n-00014fa0: 652e 2020 5468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e e. The followin\n-00014fb0: 6720 6578 616d 706c 6520 6f66 2074 6869 g example of thi\n-00014fc0: 7320 616c 736f 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 s also requires \n-00014fd0: 7468 650a e280 9865 6368 6fe2 8099 2c20 the....echo..., \n-00014fe0: e280 9873 6561 7263 685f 6c61 6265 6ce2 ...search_label.\n-00014ff0: 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9874 6573 74e2 .., and ...test.\n-00015000: 8099 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2074 6f20 6265 .. modules to be\n-00015010: 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 included in the\n-00015020: 2063 6f72 650a 696d 6167 653a 0a0a 2020 core.image:.. \n-00015030: 2020 2073 6561 7263 682e 6673 5f6c 6162 search.fs_lab\n-00015040: 656c 2067 7275 6220 726f 6f74 0a20 2020 el grub root. \n-00015050: 2020 6966 205b 202d 6520 2f62 6f6f 742f if [ -e /boot/\n-00015060: 6772 7562 2f65 7861 6d70 6c65 2f74 6573 grub/example/tes\n-00015070: 7431 2e63 6667 205d 3b20 7468 656e 0a20 t1.cfg ]; then. \n-00015080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7420 7072 6566 set pref\n-00015090: 6978 3d28 2472 6f6f 7429 2f62 6f6f 742f ix=($root)/boot/\n-000150a0: 6772 7562 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f grub. co\n-000150b0: 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 nfigfile /boot/g\n-000150c0: 7275 622f 6578 616d 706c 652f 7465 7374 rub/example/test\n-000150d0: 312e 6366 670a 2020 2020 2065 6c73 650a 1.cfg. else.\n-000150e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6620 5b20 2d65 if [ -e\n-000150f0: 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6578 616d /boot/grub/exam\n-00015100: 706c 652f 7465 7374 322e 6366 6720 5d3b ple/test2.cfg ];\n-00015110: 2074 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 then. \n-00015120: 2020 2073 6574 2070 7265 6669 783d 2824 set prefix=($\n-00015130: 726f 6f74 292f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 620a root)/boot/grub.\n-00015140: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f6e con\n-00015150: 6669 6766 696c 6520 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 figfile /boot/gr\n-00015160: 7562 2f65 7861 6d70 6c65 2f74 6573 7432 ub/example/test2\n-00015170: 2e63 6667 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 656c .cfg. el\n-00015180: 7365 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 se. \n-00015190: 6563 686f 2022 436f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 echo \"Could not \n-000151a0: 6669 6e64 2061 6e20 6578 616d 706c 6520 find an example \n-000151b0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n-000151c0: 6c65 2122 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 6669 le!\". fi\n-000151d0: 0a20 2020 2020 6669 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 . fi.. The\n-000151e0: 2065 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f 6e66 6967 embedded config\n-000151f0: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 206d 6179 uration file may\n-00015200: 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 206d 656e not contain men\n-00015210: 7520 656e 7472 6965 730a 6469 7265 6374 u entries.direct\n-00015220: 6c79 2c20 6275 7420 6d61 7920 6f6e 6c79 ly, but may only\n-00015230: 2072 6561 6420 7468 656d 2066 726f 6d20 read them from \n-00015240: 656c 7365 7768 6572 6520 7573 696e 6720 elsewhere using \n-00015250: e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 ...configfile...\n-00015260: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00015270: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2054 6865 info, Node: The\n-00015280: 6d65 2066 696c 6520 666f 726d 6174 2c20 me file format, \n-00015290: 204e 6578 743a 204e 6574 776f 726b 2c20 Next: Network, \n-000152a0: 2050 7265 763a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 Prev: Configura\n-000152b0: 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a tion, Up: Top..\n-000152c0: 3720 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 7 Theme file for\n-000152d0: 6d61 740a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a mat.************\n-000152e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a37 2e31 2049 6e74 *******..7.1 Int\n-000152f0: 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d roduction.======\n-00015300: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 ==========..The \n-00015310: 4752 5542 2067 7261 7068 6963 616c 206d GRUB graphical m\n-00015320: 656e 7520 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2074 6865 enu supports the\n-00015330: 6d65 7320 7468 6174 2063 616e 2063 7573 mes that can cus\n-00015340: 746f 6d69 7a65 2074 6865 206c 6179 6f75 tomize the layou\n-00015350: 740a 616e 6420 6170 7065 6172 616e 6365 t.and appearance\n-00015360: 206f 6620 7468 6520 4752 5542 2062 6f6f of the GRUB boo\n-00015370: 7420 6d65 6e75 2e20 2054 6865 2074 6865 t menu. The the\n-00015380: 6d65 2069 7320 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 me is configured\n-00015390: 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2061 0a70 6c61 696e through a.plain\n-000153a0: 2074 6578 7420 6669 6c65 2074 6861 7420 text file that \n-000153b0: 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 6c61 specifies the la\n-000153c0: 796f 7574 206f 6620 7468 6520 7661 7269 yout of the vari\n-000153d0: 6f75 7320 4755 4920 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e ous GUI componen\n-000153e0: 7473 0a28 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 7468 ts.(including th\n-000153f0: 6520 626f 6f74 206d 656e 752c 2074 696d e boot menu, tim\n-00015400: 656f 7574 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 eout progress ba\n-00015410: 722c 2061 6e64 2074 6578 7420 6d65 7373 r, and text mess\n-00015420: 6167 6573 2920 6173 0a77 656c 6c20 6173 ages) as.well as\n-00015430: 2074 6865 2061 7070 6561 7261 6e63 6520 the appearance \n-00015440: 7573 696e 6720 636f 6c6f 7273 2c20 666f using colors, fo\n-00015450: 6e74 732c 2061 6e64 2069 6d61 6765 732e nts, and images.\n-00015460: 2020 4578 616d 706c 6520 6973 0a61 7661 Example is.ava\n-00015470: 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 646f 6373 2f65 ilable in docs/e\n-00015480: 7861 6d70 6c65 5f74 6865 6d65 2e74 7874 xample_theme.txt\n-00015490: 0a0a 372e 3220 5468 656d 6520 456c 656d ..7.2 Theme Elem\n-000154a0: 656e 7473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ents.===========\n-000154b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a37 2e32 2e31 2043 =======..7.2.1 C\n-000154c0: 6f6c 6f72 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d olors.----------\n-000154d0: 2d2d 0a0a 436f 6c6f 7273 2063 616e 2062 --..Colors can b\n-000154e0: 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 696e 2073 e specified in s\n-000154f0: 6576 6572 616c 2077 6179 733a 0a0a 2020 everal ways:.. \n-00015500: 20e2 80a2 2048 544d 4c2d 7374 796c 6520 ... HTML-style \n-00015510: 2223 5252 4747 4242 2220 6f72 2022 2352 \"#RRGGBB\" or \"#R\n-00015520: 4742 2220 666f 726d 6174 2c20 7768 6572 GB\" format, wher\n-00015530: 6520 2a52 2a2c 202a 472a 2c20 616e 6420 e *R*, *G*, and \n-00015540: 2a42 2a20 6172 650a 2020 2020 2068 6578 *B* are. hex\n-00015550: 6164 6563 696d 616c 2064 6967 6974 7320 adecimal digits \n-00015560: 2865 2e67 2e2c 2022 2338 3839 3946 4622 (e.g., \"#8899FF\"\n-00015570: 290a 2020 20e2 80a2 2061 7320 636f 6d6d ). ... as comm\n-00015580: 612d 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6465 6369 a-separated deci\n-00015590: 6d61 6c20 5247 4220 7661 6c75 6573 2028 mal RGB values (\n-000155a0: 652e 672e 2c20 2231 3238 2c20 3132 382c e.g., \"128, 128,\n-000155b0: 2032 3535 2229 0a20 2020 e280 a220 7769 255\"). ... wi\n-000155c0: 7468 2022 5356 4720 312e 3020 636f 6c6f th \"SVG 1.0 colo\n-000155d0: 7220 6e61 6d65 7322 2028 652e 672e 2c20 r names\" (e.g., \n-000155e0: 2263 6f72 6e66 6c6f 7765 7262 6c75 6522 \"cornflowerblue\"\n-000155f0: 2920 7768 6963 6820 6d75 7374 2062 650a ) which must be.\n-00015600: 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2069 specified i\n-00015610: 6e20 6c6f 7765 7263 6173 652e 0a0a 372e n lowercase...7.\n-00015620: 322e 3220 466f 6e74 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2.2 Fonts.------\n-00015630: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 2066 6f6e 7473 -----..The fonts\n-00015640: 2047 5255 4220 7573 6573 2022 5046 4632 GRUB uses \"PFF2\n-00015650: 2066 6f6e 7420 666f 726d 6174 2220 6269 font format\" bi\n-00015660: 746d 6170 2066 6f6e 7473 2e20 2046 6f6e tmap fonts. Fon\n-00015670: 7473 2061 7265 0a73 7065 6369 6669 6564 ts are.specified\n-00015680: 2077 6974 6820 6675 6c6c 2066 6f6e 7420 with full font \n-00015690: 6e61 6d65 732e 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c names. Currentl\n-000156a0: 7920 7468 6572 6520 6973 206e 6f20 7072 y there is no pr\n-000156b0: 6f76 6973 696f 6e20 666f 7220 610a 7072 ovision for a.pr\n-000156c0: 6566 6572 656e 6365 206c 6973 7420 6f66 eference list of\n-000156d0: 2066 6f6e 7473 2c20 6f72 2064 6572 6976 fonts, or deriv\n-000156e0: 696e 6720 6f6e 6520 666f 6e74 2066 726f ing one font fro\n-000156f0: 6d20 616e 6f74 6865 722e 2020 466f 6e74 m another. Font\n-00015700: 7320 6172 650a 6c6f 6164 6564 2077 6974 s are.loaded wit\n-00015710: 6820 7468 6520 226c 6f61 6466 6f6e 7422 h the \"loadfont\"\n-00015720: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 6e20 4752 5542 command in GRUB\n-00015730: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 (*note loadfont\n-00015740: 3a3a 292e 2020 546f 2073 6565 0a74 6865 ::). To see.the\n-00015750: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 206c 6f61 6465 6420 list of loaded \n-00015760: 666f 6e74 732c 2065 7865 6375 7465 2074 fonts, execute t\n-00015770: 6865 2022 6c73 666f 6e74 7322 2063 6f6d he \"lsfonts\" com\n-00015780: 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 6c73 666f mand (*note.lsfo\n-00015790: 6e74 733a 3a29 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 nts::). If ther\n-000157a0: 6520 6172 6520 746f 6f20 6d61 6e79 2066 e are too many f\n-000157b0: 6f6e 7473 2074 6f20 6669 7420 6f6e 2073 onts to fit on s\n-000157c0: 6372 6565 6e2c 2064 6f20 2273 6574 0a70 creen, do \"set.p\n-000157d0: 6167 6572 3d31 2220 6265 666f 7265 2065 ager=1\" before e\n-000157e0: 7865 6375 7469 6e67 2022 6c73 666f 6e74 xecuting \"lsfont\n-000157f0: 7322 2e0a 0a37 2e32 2e33 2050 726f 6772 s\"...7.2.3 Progr\n-00015800: 6573 7320 4261 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ess Bar.--------\n-00015810: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4669 6775 ----------..Figu\n-00015820: 7265 2037 2e31 0a46 6967 7572 6520 372e re 7.1.Figure 7.\n-00015830: 320a 5072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 7320 2.Progress bars \n-00015840: 6172 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6469 7370 are used to disp\n-00015850: 6c61 7920 7468 6520 7265 6d61 696e 696e lay the remainin\n-00015860: 6720 7469 6d65 2062 6566 6f72 6520 4752 g time before GR\n-00015870: 5542 2062 6f6f 7473 0a74 6865 2064 6566 UB boots.the def\n-00015880: 6175 6c74 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 792e ault menu entry.\n-00015890: 2020 546f 2063 7265 6174 6520 6120 7072 To create a pr\n-000158a0: 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 2074 6861 7420 ogress bar that \n-000158b0: 7769 6c6c 2064 6973 706c 6179 2074 6865 will display the\n-000158c0: 0a72 656d 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 696d 6520 .remaining time \n-000158d0: 6265 666f 7265 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 before automatic\n-000158e0: 2062 6f6f 742c 2073 696d 706c 7920 6372 boot, simply cr\n-000158f0: 6561 7465 2061 2022 7072 6f67 7265 7373 eate a \"progress\n-00015900: 5f62 6172 220a 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7420 _bar\".component \n-00015910: 7769 7468 2074 6865 2069 6420 225f 5f74 with the id \"__t\n-00015920: 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 222e 2020 5468 6973 imeout__\". This\n-00015930: 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6573 2074 6f20 4752 indicates to GR\n-00015940: 5542 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a 7072 6f67 UB that the.prog\n-00015950: 7265 7373 2062 6172 2073 686f 756c 6420 ress bar should \n-00015960: 6265 2075 7064 6174 6564 2061 7320 7469 be updated as ti\n-00015970: 6d65 2070 6173 7365 732c 2061 6e64 2069 me passes, and i\n-00015980: 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6d61 6465 t should be made\n-00015990: 0a69 6e76 6973 6962 6c65 2069 6620 7468 .invisible if th\n-000159a0: 6520 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6e20 746f 2061 e countdown to a\n-000159b0: 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 2062 6f6f 7420 6973 utomatic boot is\n-000159c0: 2069 6e74 6572 7275 7074 6564 2062 7920 interrupted by \n-000159d0: 7468 6520 7573 6572 2e0a 0a20 2020 5072 the user... Pr\n-000159e0: 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 7320 6d61 7920 ogress bars may \n-000159f0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2068 6176 6520 optionally have \n-00015a00: 7465 7874 2064 6973 706c 6179 6564 206f text displayed o\n-00015a10: 6e20 7468 656d 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7465 n them. This te\n-00015a20: 7874 0a69 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c6c 6564 xt.is controlled\n-00015a30: 2062 7920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2022 7465 by variable \"te\n-00015a40: 7874 2220 7768 6963 6820 636f 6e74 6169 xt\" which contai\n-00015a50: 6e73 2061 2070 7269 6e74 6620 7465 6d70 ns a printf temp\n-00015a60: 6c61 7465 2077 6974 680a 7468 6520 6f6e late with.the on\n-00015a70: 6c79 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 2564 2069 ly argument %d i\n-00015a80: 7320 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 s the number of \n-00015a90: 7365 636f 6e64 7320 7265 6d61 696e 696e seconds remainin\n-00015aa0: 672e 2020 4164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 g. Additionally\n-00015ab0: 0a73 7065 6369 616c 2076 616c 7565 7320 .special values \n-00015ac0: 2240 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 4e4f 5449 4649 \"@TIMEOUT_NOTIFI\n-00015ad0: 4341 5449 4f4e 5f53 484f 5254 4022 2c0a CATION_SHORT@\",.\n-00015ae0: 2240 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 4e4f 5449 4649 \"@TIMEOUT_NOTIFI\n-00015af0: 4341 5449 4f4e 5f4d 4944 444c 4540 222c CATION_MIDDLE@\",\n-00015b00: 2022 4054 494d 454f 5554 5f4e 4f54 4946 \"@TIMEOUT_NOTIF\n-00015b10: 4943 4154 494f 4e5f 4c4f 4e47 4022 2061 ICATION_LONG@\" a\n-00015b20: 7265 0a72 6570 6c61 6365 6420 7769 7468 re.replaced with\n-00015b30: 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 616e 6420 7472 standard and tr\n-00015b40: 616e 736c 6174 6564 2074 656d 706c 6174 anslated templat\n-00015b50: 6573 2e0a 0a37 2e32 2e34 2043 6972 6375 es...7.2.4 Circu\n-00015b60: 6c61 7220 5072 6f67 7265 7373 2049 6e64 lar Progress Ind\n-00015b70: 6963 6174 6f72 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d icator.---------\n+000147a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n+000147b0: 0a47 5255 4220 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2065 .GRUB supports e\n+000147c0: 6d62 6564 6469 6e67 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 mbedding a confi\n+000147d0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6469 guration file di\n+000147e0: 7265 6374 6c79 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 rectly into the \n+000147f0: 636f 7265 0a69 6d61 6765 2c20 736f 2074 core.image, so t\n+00014800: 6861 7420 6974 2069 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 hat it is loaded\n+00014810: 2062 6566 6f72 6520 656e 7465 7269 6e67 before entering\n+00014820: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 2e20 2054 normal mode. T\n+00014830: 6869 7320 6973 0a75 7365 6675 6c2c 2066 his is.useful, f\n+00014840: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 7768 656e or example, when\n+00014850: 2069 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2073 7472 6169 it is not strai\n+00014860: 6768 7466 6f72 7761 7264 2074 6f20 6669 ghtforward to fi\n+00014870: 6e64 2074 6865 2072 6561 6c0a 636f 6e66 nd the real.conf\n+00014880: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2c20 iguration file, \n+00014890: 6f72 2077 6865 6e20 796f 7520 6e65 6564 or when you need\n+000148a0: 2074 6f20 6465 6275 6720 7072 6f62 6c65 to debug proble\n+000148b0: 6d73 2077 6974 6820 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 ms with loading \n+000148c0: 7468 6174 0a66 696c 652e 2020 e280 9867 that.file. ...g\n+000148d0: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2075 rub-install... u\n+000148e0: 7365 7320 7468 6973 2066 6561 7475 7265 ses this feature\n+000148f0: 2077 6865 6e20 6974 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 when it is not \n+00014900: 7573 696e 6720 4249 4f53 2064 6973 6b0a using BIOS disk.\n+00014910: 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 6f72 2077 6865 functions or whe\n+00014920: 6e20 696e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2074 6f20 n installing to \n+00014930: 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 6469 736b a different disk\n+00014940: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6f6e 6520 636f from the one co\n+00014950: 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 0ae2 8098 2f62 6f6f ntaining..../boo\n+00014960: 742f 6772 7562 e280 992c 2069 6e20 7768 t/grub..., in wh\n+00014970: 6963 6820 6361 7365 2069 7420 6e65 6564 ich case it need\n+00014980: 7320 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 20e2 8098 s to use the ...\n+00014990: 7365 6172 6368 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e search... comman\n+000149a0: 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a73 6561 7263 683a d (*note.search:\n+000149b0: 3a29 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 20e2 8098 2f62 :) to find .../b\n+000149c0: 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 oot/grub...... \n+000149d0: 2054 6f20 656d 6265 6420 6120 636f 6e66 To embed a conf\n+000149e0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2c20 iguration file, \n+000149f0: 7573 6520 7468 6520 e280 982d 63e2 8099 use the ...-c...\n+00014a00: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 6772 option to ...gr\n+00014a10: 7562 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 992e 0a54 ub-mkimage.....T\n+00014a20: 6865 2066 696c 6520 6973 2063 6f70 6965 he file is copie\n+00014a30: 6420 696e 746f 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 d into the core \n+00014a40: 696d 6167 652c 2073 6f20 6974 206d 6179 image, so it may\n+00014a50: 2072 6573 6964 6520 616e 7977 6865 7265 reside anywhere\n+00014a60: 206f 6e20 7468 650a 6669 6c65 2073 7973 on the.file sys\n+00014a70: 7465 6d2c 2061 6e64 206d 6179 2062 6520 tem, and may be \n+00014a80: 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 6166 7465 7220 7275 removed after ru\n+00014a90: 6e6e 696e 6720 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b nning ...grub-mk\n+00014aa0: 696d 6167 65e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 4166 image...... Af\n+00014ab0: 7465 7220 7468 6520 656d 6265 6464 6564 ter the embedded\n+00014ac0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n+00014ad0: 696c 6520 2869 6620 616e 7929 2069 7320 ile (if any) is \n+00014ae0: 6578 6563 7574 6564 2c20 4752 5542 2077 executed, GRUB w\n+00014af0: 696c 6c0a 6c6f 6164 2074 6865 20e2 8098 ill.load the ...\n+00014b00: 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 6d6f 6475 6c65 normal... module\n+00014b10: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a (*note normal::\n+00014b20: 292c 2077 6869 6368 2077 696c 6c20 7468 ), which will th\n+00014b30: 656e 2072 6561 6420 7468 6520 7265 616c en read the real\n+00014b40: 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 .configuration f\n+00014b50: 696c 6520 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 2470 7265 ile from ...$pre\n+00014b60: 6669 782f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 992e fix/grub.cfg....\n+00014b70: 2020 4279 2074 6869 7320 706f 696e 742c By this point,\n+00014b80: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 990a the ...root....\n+00014b90: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2077 696c 6c20 616c variable will al\n+00014ba0: 736f 2068 6176 6520 6265 656e 2073 6574 so have been set\n+00014bb0: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6576 to the root dev\n+00014bc0: 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 ice name. For e\n+00014bd0: 7861 6d70 6c65 2c0a e280 9870 7265 6669 xample,....prefi\n+00014be0: 78e2 8099 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 7365 x... might be se\n+00014bf0: 7420 746f 20e2 8098 2868 6430 2c31 292f t to ...(hd0,1)/\n+00014c00: 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 2c20 616e boot/grub..., an\n+00014c10: 6420 e280 9872 6f6f 74e2 8099 206d 6967 d ...root... mig\n+00014c20: 6874 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f 0ae2 8098 ht be set to....\n+00014c30: 6864 302c 31e2 8099 2e20 2054 6875 732c hd0,1.... Thus,\n+00014c40: 2069 6e20 6d6f 7374 2063 6173 6573 2c20 in most cases, \n+00014c50: 7468 6520 656d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f6e the embedded con\n+00014c60: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 figuration file \n+00014c70: 6f6e 6c79 0a6e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 7365 only.needs to se\n+00014c80: 7420 7468 6520 e280 9870 7265 6669 78e2 t the ...prefix.\n+00014c90: 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 .. and ...root..\n+00014ca0: 9920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 732c 2061 6e64 . variables, and\n+00014cb0: 2074 6865 6e20 6472 6f70 2074 6872 6f75 then drop throu\n+00014cc0: 6768 2074 6f0a 4752 5542 2773 206e 6f72 gh to.GRUB's nor\n+00014cd0: 6d61 6c20 7072 6f63 6573 7369 6e67 2e20 mal processing. \n+00014ce0: 2041 2074 7970 6963 616c 2065 7861 6d70 A typical examp\n+00014cf0: 6c65 206f 6620 7468 6973 206d 6967 6874 le of this might\n+00014d00: 206c 6f6f 6b20 6c69 6b65 0a74 6869 733a look like.this:\n+00014d10: 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 682e 6673 .. search.fs\n+00014d20: 5f75 7569 6420 3031 3233 3435 3637 2d38 _uuid 01234567-8\n+00014d30: 3961 622d 6364 6566 2d30 3132 332d 3435 9ab-cdef-0123-45\n+00014d40: 3637 3839 6162 6364 6566 2072 6f6f 740a 6789abcdef root.\n+00014d50: 2020 2020 2073 6574 2070 7265 6669 783d set prefix=\n+00014d60: 2824 726f 6f74 292f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 ($root)/boot/gru\n+00014d70: 620a 0a20 2020 2854 6865 20e2 8098 7365 b.. (The ...se\n+00014d80: 6172 6368 5f66 735f 7575 6964 e280 9920 arch_fs_uuid... \n+00014d90: 6d6f 6475 6c65 206d 7573 7420 6265 2069 module must be i\n+00014da0: 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 2063 ncluded in the c\n+00014db0: 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 666f 720a 7468 ore image for.th\n+00014dc0: 6973 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2074 6f20 776f is example to wo\n+00014dd0: 726b 2e29 0a0a 2020 2049 6e20 6d6f 7265 rk.).. In more\n+00014de0: 2063 6f6d 706c 6578 2063 6173 6573 2c20 complex cases, \n+00014df0: 6974 206d 6179 2062 6520 7573 6566 756c it may be useful\n+00014e00: 2074 6f20 7265 6164 206f 7468 6572 2063 to read other c\n+00014e10: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a66 696c onfiguration.fil\n+00014e20: 6573 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 6672 6f6d es directly from\n+00014e30: 2074 6865 2065 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f the embedded co\n+00014e40: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n+00014e50: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 616c 6c6f 7773 2073 . This allows s\n+00014e60: 7563 680a 7468 696e 6773 2061 7320 7265 uch.things as re\n+00014e70: 6164 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7320 6e6f 7420 ading files not \n+00014e80: 6361 6c6c 6564 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 called ...grub.c\n+00014e90: 6667 e280 992c 206f 7220 7265 6164 696e fg..., or readin\n+00014ea0: 6720 6669 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 2061 0a64 g files from a.d\n+00014eb0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 206f 7468 6572 2074 irectory other t\n+00014ec0: 6861 6e20 7468 6174 2077 6865 7265 2047 han that where G\n+00014ed0: 5255 4227 7320 6c6f 6164 6162 6c65 206d RUB's loadable m\n+00014ee0: 6f64 756c 6573 2061 7265 2069 6e73 7461 odules are insta\n+00014ef0: 6c6c 6564 2e0a 546f 2064 6f20 7468 6973 lled..To do this\n+00014f00: 2c20 696e 636c 7564 6520 7468 6520 e280 , include the ..\n+00014f10: 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 2061 .configfile... a\n+00014f20: 6e64 20e2 8098 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 nd ...normal... \n+00014f30: 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 2063 modules in the c\n+00014f40: 6f72 650a 696d 6167 652c 2061 6e64 2065 ore.image, and e\n+00014f50: 6d62 6564 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 mbed a configura\n+00014f60: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 7468 6174 2075 tion file that u\n+00014f70: 7365 7320 7468 6520 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 ses the ...confi\n+00014f80: 6766 696c 65e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 gfile... command\n+00014f90: 0a74 6f20 6c6f 6164 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 .to load another\n+00014fa0: 2066 696c 652e 2020 5468 6520 666f 6c6c file. The foll\n+00014fb0: 6f77 696e 6720 6578 616d 706c 6520 6f66 owing example of\n+00014fc0: 2074 6869 7320 616c 736f 2072 6571 7569 this also requi\n+00014fd0: 7265 7320 7468 650a e280 9865 6368 6fe2 res the....echo.\n+00014fe0: 8099 2c20 e280 9873 6561 7263 685f 6c61 .., ...search_la\n+00014ff0: 6265 6ce2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9874 bel..., and ...t\n+00015000: 6573 74e2 8099 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2074 est... modules t\n+00015010: 6f20 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e o be included in\n+00015020: 2074 6865 2063 6f72 650a 696d 6167 653a the core.image:\n+00015030: 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 6561 7263 682e 6673 .. search.fs\n+00015040: 5f6c 6162 656c 2067 7275 6220 726f 6f74 _label grub root\n+00015050: 0a20 2020 2020 6966 205b 202d 6520 2f62 . if [ -e /b\n+00015060: 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f65 7861 6d70 6c65 oot/grub/example\n+00015070: 2f74 6573 7431 2e63 6667 205d 3b20 7468 /test1.cfg ]; th\n+00015080: 656e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7420 en. set \n+00015090: 7072 6566 6978 3d28 2472 6f6f 7429 2f62 prefix=($root)/b\n+000150a0: 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 0a20 2020 2020 2020 oot/grub. \n+000150b0: 2020 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 202f 626f configfile /bo\n+000150c0: 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6578 616d 706c 652f ot/grub/example/\n+000150d0: 7465 7374 312e 6366 670a 2020 2020 2065 test1.cfg. e\n+000150e0: 6c73 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6620 lse. if \n+000150f0: 5b20 2d65 202f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f [ -e /boot/grub/\n+00015100: 6578 616d 706c 652f 7465 7374 322e 6366 example/test2.cf\n+00015110: 6720 5d3b 2074 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 g ]; then. \n+00015120: 2020 2020 2020 2073 6574 2070 7265 6669 set prefi\n+00015130: 783d 2824 726f 6f74 292f 626f 6f74 2f67 x=($root)/boot/g\n+00015140: 7275 620a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rub. \n+00015150: 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 6520 2f62 6f6f configfile /boo\n+00015160: 742f 6772 7562 2f65 7861 6d70 6c65 2f74 t/grub/example/t\n+00015170: 6573 7432 2e63 6667 0a20 2020 2020 2020 est2.cfg. \n+00015180: 2020 656c 7365 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 else. \n+00015190: 2020 2020 6563 686f 2022 436f 756c 6420 echo \"Could \n+000151a0: 6e6f 7420 6669 6e64 2061 6e20 6578 616d not find an exam\n+000151b0: 706c 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f ple configuratio\n+000151c0: 6e20 6669 6c65 2122 0a20 2020 2020 2020 n file!\". \n+000151d0: 2020 6669 0a20 2020 2020 6669 0a0a 2020 fi. fi.. \n+000151e0: 2054 6865 2065 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f The embedded co\n+000151f0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n+00015200: 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e 7461 696e may not contain\n+00015210: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 730a 6469 menu entries.di\n+00015220: 7265 6374 6c79 2c20 6275 7420 6d61 7920 rectly, but may \n+00015230: 6f6e 6c79 2072 6561 6420 7468 656d 2066 only read them f\n+00015240: 726f 6d20 656c 7365 7768 6572 6520 7573 rom elsewhere us\n+00015250: 696e 6720 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c ing ...configfil\n+00015260: 65e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 e........File: g\n+00015270: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00015280: 2054 6865 6d65 2066 696c 6520 666f 726d Theme file form\n+00015290: 6174 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204e 6574 776f at, Next: Netwo\n+000152a0: 726b 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2043 6f6e 6669 rk, Prev: Confi\n+000152b0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2054 guration, Up: T\n+000152c0: 6f70 0a0a 3720 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 op..7 Theme file\n+000152d0: 2066 6f72 6d61 740a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a format.********\n+000152e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a37 2e31 ***********..7.1\n+000152f0: 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e0a 3d3d Introduction.==\n+00015300: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n+00015310: 5468 6520 4752 5542 2067 7261 7068 6963 The GRUB graphic\n+00015320: 616c 206d 656e 7520 7375 7070 6f72 7473 al menu supports\n+00015330: 2074 6865 6d65 7320 7468 6174 2063 616e themes that can\n+00015340: 2063 7573 746f 6d69 7a65 2074 6865 206c customize the l\n+00015350: 6179 6f75 740a 616e 6420 6170 7065 6172 ayout.and appear\n+00015360: 616e 6365 206f 6620 7468 6520 4752 5542 ance of the GRUB\n+00015370: 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 6e75 2e20 2054 6865 boot menu. The\n+00015380: 2074 6865 6d65 2069 7320 636f 6e66 6967 theme is config\n+00015390: 7572 6564 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2061 0a70 ured through a.p\n+000153a0: 6c61 696e 2074 6578 7420 6669 6c65 2074 lain text file t\n+000153b0: 6861 7420 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 hat specifies th\n+000153c0: 6520 6c61 796f 7574 206f 6620 7468 6520 e layout of the \n+000153d0: 7661 7269 6f75 7320 4755 4920 636f 6d70 various GUI comp\n+000153e0: 6f6e 656e 7473 0a28 696e 636c 7564 696e onents.(includin\n+000153f0: 6720 7468 6520 626f 6f74 206d 656e 752c g the boot menu,\n+00015400: 2074 696d 656f 7574 2070 726f 6772 6573 timeout progres\n+00015410: 7320 6261 722c 2061 6e64 2074 6578 7420 s bar, and text \n+00015420: 6d65 7373 6167 6573 2920 6173 0a77 656c messages) as.wel\n+00015430: 6c20 6173 2074 6865 2061 7070 6561 7261 l as the appeara\n+00015440: 6e63 6520 7573 696e 6720 636f 6c6f 7273 nce using colors\n+00015450: 2c20 666f 6e74 732c 2061 6e64 2069 6d61 , fonts, and ima\n+00015460: 6765 732e 2020 4578 616d 706c 6520 6973 ges. Example is\n+00015470: 0a61 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 646f .available in do\n+00015480: 6373 2f65 7861 6d70 6c65 5f74 6865 6d65 cs/example_theme\n+00015490: 2e74 7874 0a0a 372e 3220 5468 656d 6520 .txt..7.2 Theme \n+000154a0: 456c 656d 656e 7473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d Elements.=======\n+000154b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a37 2e32 ===========..7.2\n+000154c0: 2e31 2043 6f6c 6f72 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .1 Colors.------\n+000154d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 436f 6c6f 7273 2063 ------..Colors c\n+000154e0: 616e 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 an be specified \n+000154f0: 696e 2073 6576 6572 616c 2077 6179 733a in several ways:\n+00015500: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2048 544d 4c2d 7374 .. ... HTML-st\n+00015510: 796c 6520 2223 5252 4747 4242 2220 6f72 yle \"#RRGGBB\" or\n+00015520: 2022 2352 4742 2220 666f 726d 6174 2c20 \"#RGB\" format, \n+00015530: 7768 6572 6520 2a52 2a2c 202a 472a 2c20 where *R*, *G*, \n+00015540: 616e 6420 2a42 2a20 6172 650a 2020 2020 and *B* are. \n+00015550: 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c 2064 6967 hexadecimal dig\n+00015560: 6974 7320 2865 2e67 2e2c 2022 2338 3839 its (e.g., \"#889\n+00015570: 3946 4622 290a 2020 20e2 80a2 2061 7320 9FF\"). ... as \n+00015580: 636f 6d6d 612d 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 comma-separated \n+00015590: 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 5247 4220 7661 6c75 decimal RGB valu\n+000155a0: 6573 2028 652e 672e 2c20 2231 3238 2c20 es (e.g., \"128, \n+000155b0: 3132 382c 2032 3535 2229 0a20 2020 e280 128, 255\"). ..\n+000155c0: a220 7769 7468 2022 5356 4720 312e 3020 . with \"SVG 1.0 \n+000155d0: 636f 6c6f 7220 6e61 6d65 7322 2028 652e color names\" (e.\n+000155e0: 672e 2c20 2263 6f72 6e66 6c6f 7765 7262 g., \"cornflowerb\n+000155f0: 6c75 6522 2920 7768 6963 6820 6d75 7374 lue\") which must\n+00015600: 2062 650a 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 be. specifi\n+00015610: 6564 2069 6e20 6c6f 7765 7263 6173 652e ed in lowercase.\n+00015620: 0a0a 372e 322e 3220 466f 6e74 730a 2d2d ..7.2.2 Fonts.--\n+00015630: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 2066 ---------..The f\n+00015640: 6f6e 7473 2047 5255 4220 7573 6573 2022 onts GRUB uses \"\n+00015650: 5046 4632 2066 6f6e 7420 666f 726d 6174 PFF2 font format\n+00015660: 2220 6269 746d 6170 2066 6f6e 7473 2e20 \" bitmap fonts. \n+00015670: 2046 6f6e 7473 2061 7265 0a73 7065 6369 Fonts are.speci\n+00015680: 6669 6564 2077 6974 6820 6675 6c6c 2066 fied with full f\n+00015690: 6f6e 7420 6e61 6d65 732e 2020 4375 7272 ont names. Curr\n+000156a0: 656e 746c 7920 7468 6572 6520 6973 206e ently there is n\n+000156b0: 6f20 7072 6f76 6973 696f 6e20 666f 7220 o provision for \n+000156c0: 610a 7072 6566 6572 656e 6365 206c 6973 a.preference lis\n+000156d0: 7420 6f66 2066 6f6e 7473 2c20 6f72 2064 t of fonts, or d\n+000156e0: 6572 6976 696e 6720 6f6e 6520 666f 6e74 eriving one font\n+000156f0: 2066 726f 6d20 616e 6f74 6865 722e 2020 from another. \n+00015700: 466f 6e74 7320 6172 650a 6c6f 6164 6564 Fonts are.loaded\n+00015710: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 226c 6f61 6466 with the \"loadf\n+00015720: 6f6e 7422 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 6e20 ont\" command in \n+00015730: 4752 5542 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c6f 6164 GRUB (*note load\n+00015740: 666f 6e74 3a3a 292e 2020 546f 2073 6565 font::). To see\n+00015750: 0a74 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 206c 6f61 .the list of loa\n+00015760: 6465 6420 666f 6e74 732c 2065 7865 6375 ded fonts, execu\n+00015770: 7465 2074 6865 2022 6c73 666f 6e74 7322 te the \"lsfonts\"\n+00015780: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a command (*note.\n+00015790: 6c73 666f 6e74 733a 3a29 2e20 2049 6620 lsfonts::). If \n+000157a0: 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 746f 6f20 6d61 there are too ma\n+000157b0: 6e79 2066 6f6e 7473 2074 6f20 6669 7420 ny fonts to fit \n+000157c0: 6f6e 2073 6372 6565 6e2c 2064 6f20 2273 on screen, do \"s\n+000157d0: 6574 0a70 6167 6572 3d31 2220 6265 666f et.pager=1\" befo\n+000157e0: 7265 2065 7865 6375 7469 6e67 2022 6c73 re executing \"ls\n+000157f0: 666f 6e74 7322 2e0a 0a37 2e32 2e33 2050 fonts\"...7.2.3 P\n+00015800: 726f 6772 6573 7320 4261 720a 2d2d 2d2d rogress Bar.----\n+00015810: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+00015820: 4669 6775 7265 2037 2e31 0a46 6967 7572 Figure 7.1.Figur\n+00015830: 6520 372e 320a 5072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 e 7.2.Progress b\n+00015840: 6172 7320 6172 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 ars are used to \n+00015850: 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7468 6520 7265 6d61 display the rema\n+00015860: 696e 696e 6720 7469 6d65 2062 6566 6f72 ining time befor\n+00015870: 6520 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7473 0a74 6865 e GRUB boots.the\n+00015880: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206d 656e 7520 656e default menu en\n+00015890: 7472 792e 2020 546f 2063 7265 6174 6520 try. To create \n+000158a0: 6120 7072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 2074 a progress bar t\n+000158b0: 6861 7420 7769 6c6c 2064 6973 706c 6179 hat will display\n+000158c0: 2074 6865 0a72 656d 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 the.remaining t\n+000158d0: 696d 6520 6265 666f 7265 2061 7574 6f6d ime before autom\n+000158e0: 6174 6963 2062 6f6f 742c 2073 696d 706c atic boot, simpl\n+000158f0: 7920 6372 6561 7465 2061 2022 7072 6f67 y create a \"prog\n+00015900: 7265 7373 5f62 6172 220a 636f 6d70 6f6e ress_bar\".compon\n+00015910: 656e 7420 7769 7468 2074 6865 2069 6420 ent with the id \n+00015920: 225f 5f74 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 222e 2020 \"__timeout__\". \n+00015930: 5468 6973 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6573 2074 This indicates t\n+00015940: 6f20 4752 5542 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a o GRUB that the.\n+00015950: 7072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 2073 686f progress bar sho\n+00015960: 756c 6420 6265 2075 7064 6174 6564 2061 uld be updated a\n+00015970: 7320 7469 6d65 2070 6173 7365 732c 2061 s time passes, a\n+00015980: 6e64 2069 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 nd it should be \n+00015990: 6d61 6465 0a69 6e76 6973 6962 6c65 2069 made.invisible i\n+000159a0: 6620 7468 6520 636f 756e 7464 6f77 6e20 f the countdown \n+000159b0: 746f 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 2062 6f6f to automatic boo\n+000159c0: 7420 6973 2069 6e74 6572 7275 7074 6564 t is interrupted\n+000159d0: 2062 7920 7468 6520 7573 6572 2e0a 0a20 by the user... \n+000159e0: 2020 5072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 7320 Progress bars \n+000159f0: 6d61 7920 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2068 may optionally h\n+00015a00: 6176 6520 7465 7874 2064 6973 706c 6179 ave text display\n+00015a10: 6564 206f 6e20 7468 656d 2e20 2054 6869 ed on them. Thi\n+00015a20: 7320 7465 7874 0a69 7320 636f 6e74 726f s text.is contro\n+00015a30: 6c6c 6564 2062 7920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 lled by variable\n+00015a40: 2022 7465 7874 2220 7768 6963 6820 636f \"text\" which co\n+00015a50: 6e74 6169 6e73 2061 2070 7269 6e74 6620 ntains a printf \n+00015a60: 7465 6d70 6c61 7465 2077 6974 680a 7468 template with.th\n+00015a70: 6520 6f6e 6c79 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 e only argument \n+00015a80: 2564 2069 7320 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 %d is the number\n+00015a90: 206f 6620 7365 636f 6e64 7320 7265 6d61 of seconds rema\n+00015aa0: 696e 696e 672e 2020 4164 6469 7469 6f6e ining. Addition\n+00015ab0: 616c 6c79 0a73 7065 6369 616c 2076 616c ally.special val\n+00015ac0: 7565 7320 2240 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 4e4f ues \"@TIMEOUT_NO\n+00015ad0: 5449 4649 4341 5449 4f4e 5f53 484f 5254 TIFICATION_SHORT\n+00015ae0: 4022 2c0a 2240 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 4e4f @\",.\"@TIMEOUT_NO\n+00015af0: 5449 4649 4341 5449 4f4e 5f4d 4944 444c TIFICATION_MIDDL\n+00015b00: 4540 222c 2022 4054 494d 454f 5554 5f4e E@\", \"@TIMEOUT_N\n+00015b10: 4f54 4946 4943 4154 494f 4e5f 4c4f 4e47 OTIFICATION_LONG\n+00015b20: 4022 2061 7265 0a72 6570 6c61 6365 6420 @\" are.replaced \n+00015b30: 7769 7468 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 616e with standard an\n+00015b40: 6420 7472 616e 736c 6174 6564 2074 656d d translated tem\n+00015b50: 706c 6174 6573 2e0a 0a37 2e32 2e34 2043 plates...7.2.4 C\n+00015b60: 6972 6375 6c61 7220 5072 6f67 7265 7373 ircular Progress\n+00015b70: 2049 6e64 6963 6174 6f72 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d Indicator.-----\n 00015b80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00015b90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 6369 --------..The ci\n-00015ba0: 7263 756c 6172 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 rcular progress \n-00015bb0: 696e 6469 6361 746f 7220 6675 6e63 7469 indicator functi\n-00015bc0: 6f6e 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 726c 7920 746f ons similarly to\n-00015bd0: 2074 6865 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 the progress ba\n-00015be0: 722e 0a57 6865 6e20 6769 7665 6e20 616e r..When given an\n-00015bf0: 2069 6420 6f66 2022 5f5f 7469 6d65 6f75 id of \"__timeou\n-00015c00: 745f 5f22 2c20 4752 5542 2075 7064 6174 t__\", GRUB updat\n-00015c10: 6573 2074 6865 2063 6972 6375 6c61 7220 es the circular \n-00015c20: 7072 6f67 7265 7373 0a69 6e64 6963 6174 progress.indicat\n-00015c30: 6f72 2773 2076 616c 7565 2074 6f20 696e or's value to in\n-00015c40: 6469 6361 7465 2074 6865 2074 696d 6520 dicate the time \n-00015c50: 7265 6d61 696e 696e 672e 2020 466f 7220 remaining. For \n-00015c60: 7468 6520 6369 7263 756c 6172 0a70 726f the circular.pro\n-00015c70: 6772 6573 7320 696e 6469 6361 746f 722c gress indicator,\n-00015c80: 2074 6865 7265 2061 7265 2074 776f 2069 there are two i\n-00015c90: 6d61 6765 7320 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7265 mages used to re\n-00015ca0: 6e64 6572 2069 743a 2074 6865 202a 6365 nder it: the *ce\n-00015cb0: 6e74 6572 2a0a 696d 6167 652c 2061 6e64 nter*.image, and\n-00015cc0: 2074 6865 202a 7469 636b 2a20 696d 6167 the *tick* imag\n-00015cd0: 652e 2020 5468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 2069 e. The center i\n-00015ce0: 6d61 6765 2069 7320 7265 6e64 6572 6564 mage is rendered\n-00015cf0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 0a6f in the center.o\n-00015d00: 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742c f the component,\n-00015d10: 2077 6869 6c65 2074 6865 2074 6963 6b20 while the tick \n-00015d20: 696d 6167 6520 6973 2075 7365 6420 746f image is used to\n-00015d30: 2072 656e 6465 7220 6561 6368 206d 6172 render each mar\n-00015d40: 6b20 616c 6f6e 670a 7468 6520 6369 7263 k along.the circ\n-00015d50: 756d 6665 7265 6e63 6520 6f66 2074 6865 umference of the\n-00015d60: 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6f72 2e0a 0a37 2e32 indicator...7.2\n-00015d70: 2e35 204c 6162 656c 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .5 Labels.------\n-00015d80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5465 7874 206c 6162 ------..Text lab\n-00015d90: 656c 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2070 6c61 6365 els can be place\n-00015da0: 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7363 d on the boot sc\n-00015db0: 7265 656e 2e20 2054 6865 2066 6f6e 742c reen. The font,\n-00015dc0: 2063 6f6c 6f72 2c20 616e 640a 686f 7269 color, and.hori\n-00015dd0: 7a6f 6e74 616c 2061 6c69 676e 6d65 6e74 zontal alignment\n-00015de0: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 can be specifie\n-00015df0: 6420 666f 7220 6c61 6265 6c73 2e20 2049 d for labels. I\n-00015e00: 6620 6120 6c61 6265 6c20 6973 2067 6976 f a label is giv\n-00015e10: 656e 0a74 6865 2069 6420 225f 5f74 696d en.the id \"__tim\n-00015e20: 656f 7574 5f5f 222c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 eout__\", then th\n-00015e30: 6520 2274 6578 7422 2070 726f 7065 7274 e \"text\" propert\n-00015e40: 7920 666f 7220 7468 6174 206c 6162 656c y for that label\n-00015e50: 2069 7320 616c 736f 0a75 7064 6174 6564 is also.updated\n-00015e60: 2077 6974 6820 6120 6d65 7373 6167 6520 with a message \n-00015e70: 696e 666f 726d 696e 6720 7468 6520 7573 informing the us\n-00015e80: 6572 206f 6620 7468 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 er of the number\n-00015e90: 206f 6620 7365 636f 6e64 730a 7265 6d61 of seconds.rema\n-00015ea0: 696e 696e 6720 756e 7469 6c20 6175 746f ining until auto\n-00015eb0: 6d61 7469 6320 626f 6f74 2e20 2054 6869 matic boot. Thi\n-00015ec0: 7320 6973 2075 7365 6675 6c20 696e 2063 s is useful in c\n-00015ed0: 6173 6520 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6865 ase you want the\n-00015ee0: 0a74 6578 7420 6469 7370 6c61 7965 6420 .text displayed \n-00015ef0: 736f 6d65 7768 6572 6520 656c 7365 2069 somewhere else i\n-00015f00: 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 6469 7265 6374 nstead of direct\n-00015f10: 6c79 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7072 6f67 7265 ly on the progre\n-00015f20: 7373 2062 6172 2e0a 0a37 2e32 2e36 2042 ss bar...7.2.6 B\n-00015f30: 6f6f 7420 4d65 6e75 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d oot Menu.-------\n-00015f40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 626f --------..The bo\n-00015f50: 6f74 206d 656e 7520 7768 6572 6520 4752 ot menu where GR\n-00015f60: 5542 2064 6973 706c 6179 7320 7468 6520 UB displays the \n-00015f70: 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2066 726f menu entries fro\n-00015f80: 6d20 7468 6520 2267 7275 622e 6366 6722 m the \"grub.cfg\"\n-00015f90: 0a66 696c 652e 2020 4974 2069 7320 6120 .file. It is a \n-00015fa0: 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6974 656d 732c 2077 list of items, w\n-00015fb0: 6865 7265 2065 6163 6820 6974 656d 2068 here each item h\n-00015fc0: 6173 2061 2074 6974 6c65 2061 6e64 2061 as a title and a\n-00015fd0: 6e0a 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 2069 636f 6e2e n.optional icon.\n-00015fe0: 2020 5468 6520 6963 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 The icon is se\n-00015ff0: 6c65 6374 6564 2062 6173 6564 206f 6e20 lected based on \n-00016000: 7468 6520 2a63 6c61 7373 6573 2a20 7370 the *classes* sp\n-00016010: 6563 6966 6965 640a 666f 7220 7468 6520 ecified.for the \n-00016020: 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2e20 2049 6620 menu entry. If \n-00016030: 7468 6572 6520 6973 2061 2050 4e47 2066 there is a PNG f\n-00016040: 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 226d 7963 6c61 ile named \"mycla\n-00016050: 7373 2e70 6e67 2220 696e 2074 6865 0a22 ss.png\" in the.\"\n-00016060: 6772 7562 2f74 6865 6d65 732f 6963 6f6e grub/themes/icon\n-00016070: 7322 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2c20 6974 s\" directory, it\n-00016080: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2064 6973 706c 6179 will be display\n-00016090: 6564 2066 6f72 2069 7465 6d73 2077 6869 ed for items whi\n-000160a0: 6368 2068 6176 650a 7468 6520 636c 6173 ch have.the clas\n-000160b0: 7320 2a6d 7963 6c61 7373 2a2e 2020 5468 s *myclass*. Th\n-000160c0: 6520 626f 6f74 206d 656e 7520 6361 6e20 e boot menu can \n-000160d0: 6265 2063 7573 746f 6d69 7a65 6420 696e be customized in\n-000160e0: 2073 6576 6572 616c 2077 6179 732c 0a73 several ways,.s\n-000160f0: 7563 6820 6173 2074 6865 2066 6f6e 7420 uch as the font \n-00016100: 616e 6420 636f 6c6f 7220 7573 6564 2066 and color used f\n-00016110: 6f72 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 or the menu entr\n-00016120: 7920 7469 746c 652c 2061 6e64 2062 790a y title, and by.\n-00016130: 7370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 2073 7479 6c65 specifying style\n-00016140: 6420 626f 7865 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 d boxes for the \n-00016150: 6d65 6e75 2069 7473 656c 6620 616e 6420 menu itself and \n-00016160: 666f 7220 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 for the selected\n-00016170: 2069 7465 6d0a 6869 6768 6c69 6768 742e item.highlight.\n-00016180: 0a0a 372e 322e 3720 5374 796c 6564 2042 ..7.2.7 Styled B\n-00016190: 6f78 6573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d oxes.-----------\n-000161a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a4f 6e65 206f 6620 -------..One of \n-000161b0: 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 the most importa\n-000161c0: 6e74 2066 6561 7475 7265 7320 666f 7220 nt features for \n-000161d0: 6375 7374 6f6d 697a 696e 6720 7468 6520 customizing the \n-000161e0: 6c61 796f 7574 2069 7320 7468 6520 7573 layout is the us\n-000161f0: 650a 6f66 202a 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 e.of *styled box\n-00016200: 6573 2a2e 2020 4120 7374 796c 6564 2062 es*. A styled b\n-00016210: 6f78 2069 7320 636f 6d70 6f73 6564 206f ox is composed o\n-00016220: 6620 3920 7265 6374 616e 6775 6c61 7220 f 9 rectangular \n-00016230: 2861 6e64 0a70 6f74 656e 7469 616c 6c79 (and.potentially\n-00016240: 2065 6d70 7479 2920 7265 6769 6f6e 732c empty) regions,\n-00016250: 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 2075 7365 6420 which are used \n-00016260: 746f 2073 6561 6d6c 6573 736c 7920 6472 to seamlessly dr\n-00016270: 6177 2074 6865 2073 7479 6c65 640a 626f aw the styled.bo\n-00016280: 7820 6f6e 2073 6372 6565 6e3a 0a0a 4e6f x on screen:..No\n-00016290: 7274 6877 6573 7420 286e 7729 2020 2020 rthwest (nw) \n-000162a0: 2020 2020 204e 6f72 7468 2028 6e29 2020 North (n) \n-000162b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4e6f 7274 Nort\n-000162c0: 6865 6173 7420 286e 6529 0a57 6573 7420 heast (ne).West \n-000162d0: 2877 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 (w) \n-000162e0: 2020 4365 6e74 6572 2028 6329 2020 2020 Center (c) \n-000162f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 6173 7420 2865 East (e\n-00016300: 290a 536f 7574 6877 6573 7420 2873 7729 ).Southwest (sw)\n-00016310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6f75 7468 2028 South (\n-00016320: 7329 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s) \n-00016330: 536f 7574 6865 6173 7420 2873 6529 0a0a Southeast (se)..\n-00016340: 2020 2054 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 616e To support an\n-00016350: 7920 7369 7a65 206f 6620 626f 7820 6f6e y size of box on\n-00016360: 2073 6372 6565 6e2c 2074 6865 2063 656e screen, the cen\n-00016370: 7465 7220 736c 6963 6520 616e 6420 7468 ter slice and th\n-00016380: 6520 736c 6963 6573 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 e slices.for the\n-00016390: 2074 6f70 2c20 626f 7474 6f6d 2c20 616e top, bottom, an\n-000163a0: 6420 7369 6465 7320 6172 6520 616c 6c20 d sides are all \n-000163b0: 7363 616c 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f scaled to the co\n-000163c0: 7272 6563 7420 7369 7a65 2066 6f72 0a74 rrect size for.t\n-000163d0: 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 206f 6e20 he component on \n-000163e0: 7363 7265 656e 2c20 7573 696e 6720 7468 screen, using th\n-000163f0: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7275 6c65 e following rule\n-00016400: 733a 0a0a 2020 312e 2054 6865 2065 6467 s:.. 1. The edg\n-00016410: 6520 736c 6963 6573 2028 6e6f 7274 682c e slices (north,\n-00016420: 2073 6f75 7468 2c20 6561 7374 2c20 616e south, east, an\n-00016430: 6420 7765 7374 2920 6172 6520 7363 616c d west) are scal\n-00016440: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2064 ed in the. d\n-00016450: 6972 6563 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 irection of the \n-00016460: 6564 6765 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 6164 edge they are ad\n-00016470: 6a61 6365 6e74 2074 6f2e 2020 466f 7220 jacent to. For \n-00016480: 696e 7374 616e 6365 2c20 7468 6520 7765 instance, the we\n-00016490: 7374 0a20 2020 2020 736c 6963 6520 6973 st. slice is\n-000164a0: 2073 6361 6c65 6420 7665 7274 6963 616c scaled vertical\n-000164b0: 6c79 2e0a 2020 322e 2054 6865 2063 6f72 ly.. 2. The cor\n-000164c0: 6e65 7220 736c 6963 6573 2028 6e6f 7274 ner slices (nort\n-000164d0: 6877 6573 742c 206e 6f72 7468 6561 7374 hwest, northeast\n-000164e0: 2c20 736f 7574 6865 6173 742c 2061 6e64 , southeast, and\n-000164f0: 2073 6f75 7468 7765 7374 290a 2020 2020 southwest). \n-00016500: 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2073 6361 6c65 642e are not scaled.\n-00016510: 0a20 2033 2e20 5468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 . 3. The center\n-00016520: 2073 6c69 6365 2069 7320 7363 616c 6564 slice is scaled\n-00016530: 2074 6f20 6669 6c6c 2074 6865 2072 656d to fill the rem\n-00016540: 6169 6e69 6e67 2073 7061 6365 2069 6e20 aining space in \n-00016550: 7468 650a 2020 2020 206d 6964 646c 652e the. middle.\n-00016560: 0a0a 2020 2041 7320 616e 2065 7861 6d70 .. As an examp\n-00016570: 6c65 206f 6620 686f 7720 616e 2069 6d61 le of how an ima\n-00016580: 6765 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 736c 6963 ge might be slic\n-00016590: 6564 2075 702c 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7220 ed up, consider \n-000165a0: 7468 6520 7374 796c 6564 0a62 6f78 2075 the styled.box u\n-000165b0: 7365 6420 666f 7220 6120 7465 726d 696e sed for a termin\n-000165c0: 616c 2076 6965 772e 0a0a 4669 6775 7265 al view...Figure\n-000165d0: 2037 2e33 0a37 2e32 2e38 2043 7265 6174 7.3.7.2.8 Creat\n-000165e0: 696e 6720 5374 796c 6564 2042 6f78 2049 ing Styled Box I\n-000165f0: 6d61 6765 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d mages.----------\n+00015b90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 ------------..Th\n+00015ba0: 6520 6369 7263 756c 6172 2070 726f 6772 e circular progr\n+00015bb0: 6573 7320 696e 6469 6361 746f 7220 6675 ess indicator fu\n+00015bc0: 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 726c nctions similarl\n+00015bd0: 7920 746f 2074 6865 2070 726f 6772 6573 y to the progres\n+00015be0: 7320 6261 722e 0a57 6865 6e20 6769 7665 s bar..When give\n+00015bf0: 6e20 616e 2069 6420 6f66 2022 5f5f 7469 n an id of \"__ti\n+00015c00: 6d65 6f75 745f 5f22 2c20 4752 5542 2075 meout__\", GRUB u\n+00015c10: 7064 6174 6573 2074 6865 2063 6972 6375 pdates the circu\n+00015c20: 6c61 7220 7072 6f67 7265 7373 0a69 6e64 lar progress.ind\n+00015c30: 6963 6174 6f72 2773 2076 616c 7565 2074 icator's value t\n+00015c40: 6f20 696e 6469 6361 7465 2074 6865 2074 o indicate the t\n+00015c50: 696d 6520 7265 6d61 696e 696e 672e 2020 ime remaining. \n+00015c60: 466f 7220 7468 6520 6369 7263 756c 6172 For the circular\n+00015c70: 0a70 726f 6772 6573 7320 696e 6469 6361 .progress indica\n+00015c80: 746f 722c 2074 6865 7265 2061 7265 2074 tor, there are t\n+00015c90: 776f 2069 6d61 6765 7320 7573 6564 2074 wo images used t\n+00015ca0: 6f20 7265 6e64 6572 2069 743a 2074 6865 o render it: the\n+00015cb0: 202a 6365 6e74 6572 2a0a 696d 6167 652c *center*.image,\n+00015cc0: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 202a 7469 636b 2a20 and the *tick* \n+00015cd0: 696d 6167 652e 2020 5468 6520 6365 6e74 image. The cent\n+00015ce0: 6572 2069 6d61 6765 2069 7320 7265 6e64 er image is rend\n+00015cf0: 6572 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6365 6e74 ered in the cent\n+00015d00: 6572 0a6f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e er.of the compon\n+00015d10: 656e 742c 2077 6869 6c65 2074 6865 2074 ent, while the t\n+00015d20: 6963 6b20 696d 6167 6520 6973 2075 7365 ick image is use\n+00015d30: 6420 746f 2072 656e 6465 7220 6561 6368 d to render each\n+00015d40: 206d 6172 6b20 616c 6f6e 670a 7468 6520 mark along.the \n+00015d50: 6369 7263 756d 6665 7265 6e63 6520 6f66 circumference of\n+00015d60: 2074 6865 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6f72 2e0a the indicator..\n+00015d70: 0a37 2e32 2e35 204c 6162 656c 730a 2d2d .7.2.5 Labels.--\n+00015d80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5465 7874 ----------..Text\n+00015d90: 206c 6162 656c 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2070 labels can be p\n+00015da0: 6c61 6365 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2062 6f6f laced on the boo\n+00015db0: 7420 7363 7265 656e 2e20 2054 6865 2066 t screen. The f\n+00015dc0: 6f6e 742c 2063 6f6c 6f72 2c20 616e 640a ont, color, and.\n+00015dd0: 686f 7269 7a6f 6e74 616c 2061 6c69 676e horizontal align\n+00015de0: 6d65 6e74 2063 616e 2062 6520 7370 6563 ment can be spec\n+00015df0: 6966 6965 6420 666f 7220 6c61 6265 6c73 ified for labels\n+00015e00: 2e20 2049 6620 6120 6c61 6265 6c20 6973 . If a label is\n+00015e10: 2067 6976 656e 0a74 6865 2069 6420 225f given.the id \"_\n+00015e20: 5f74 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 222c 2074 6865 _timeout__\", the\n+00015e30: 6e20 7468 6520 2274 6578 7422 2070 726f n the \"text\" pro\n+00015e40: 7065 7274 7920 666f 7220 7468 6174 206c perty for that l\n+00015e50: 6162 656c 2069 7320 616c 736f 0a75 7064 abel is also.upd\n+00015e60: 6174 6564 2077 6974 6820 6120 6d65 7373 ated with a mess\n+00015e70: 6167 6520 696e 666f 726d 696e 6720 7468 age informing th\n+00015e80: 6520 7573 6572 206f 6620 7468 6520 6e75 e user of the nu\n+00015e90: 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7365 636f 6e64 730a mber of seconds.\n+00015ea0: 7265 6d61 696e 696e 6720 756e 7469 6c20 remaining until \n+00015eb0: 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6320 626f 6f74 2e20 automatic boot. \n+00015ec0: 2054 6869 7320 6973 2075 7365 6675 6c20 This is useful \n+00015ed0: 696e 2063 6173 6520 796f 7520 7761 6e74 in case you want\n+00015ee0: 2074 6865 0a74 6578 7420 6469 7370 6c61 the.text displa\n+00015ef0: 7965 6420 736f 6d65 7768 6572 6520 656c yed somewhere el\n+00015f00: 7365 2069 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 6469 se instead of di\n+00015f10: 7265 6374 6c79 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7072 rectly on the pr\n+00015f20: 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 2e0a 0a37 2e32 ogress bar...7.2\n+00015f30: 2e36 2042 6f6f 7420 4d65 6e75 0a2d 2d2d .6 Boot Menu.---\n+00015f40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 ------------..Th\n+00015f50: 6520 626f 6f74 206d 656e 7520 7768 6572 e boot menu wher\n+00015f60: 6520 4752 5542 2064 6973 706c 6179 7320 e GRUB displays \n+00015f70: 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 the menu entries\n+00015f80: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 2267 7275 622e from the \"grub.\n+00015f90: 6366 6722 0a66 696c 652e 2020 4974 2069 cfg\".file. It i\n+00015fa0: 7320 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6974 656d s a list of item\n+00015fb0: 732c 2077 6865 7265 2065 6163 6820 6974 s, where each it\n+00015fc0: 656d 2068 6173 2061 2074 6974 6c65 2061 em has a title a\n+00015fd0: 6e64 2061 6e0a 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 2069 nd an.optional i\n+00015fe0: 636f 6e2e 2020 5468 6520 6963 6f6e 2069 con. The icon i\n+00015ff0: 7320 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2062 6173 6564 s selected based\n+00016000: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 2a63 6c61 7373 6573 on the *classes\n+00016010: 2a20 7370 6563 6966 6965 640a 666f 7220 * specified.for \n+00016020: 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2e20 the menu entry. \n+00016030: 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 6973 2061 2050 If there is a P\n+00016040: 4e47 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 226d NG file named \"m\n+00016050: 7963 6c61 7373 2e70 6e67 2220 696e 2074 yclass.png\" in t\n+00016060: 6865 0a22 6772 7562 2f74 6865 6d65 732f he.\"grub/themes/\n+00016070: 6963 6f6e 7322 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 icons\" directory\n+00016080: 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2064 6973 , it will be dis\n+00016090: 706c 6179 6564 2066 6f72 2069 7465 6d73 played for items\n+000160a0: 2077 6869 6368 2068 6176 650a 7468 6520 which have.the \n+000160b0: 636c 6173 7320 2a6d 7963 6c61 7373 2a2e class *myclass*.\n+000160c0: 2020 5468 6520 626f 6f74 206d 656e 7520 The boot menu \n+000160d0: 6361 6e20 6265 2063 7573 746f 6d69 7a65 can be customize\n+000160e0: 6420 696e 2073 6576 6572 616c 2077 6179 d in several way\n+000160f0: 732c 0a73 7563 6820 6173 2074 6865 2066 s,.such as the f\n+00016100: 6f6e 7420 616e 6420 636f 6c6f 7220 7573 ont and color us\n+00016110: 6564 2066 6f72 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 ed for the menu \n+00016120: 656e 7472 7920 7469 746c 652c 2061 6e64 entry title, and\n+00016130: 2062 790a 7370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 2073 by.specifying s\n+00016140: 7479 6c65 6420 626f 7865 7320 666f 7220 tyled boxes for \n+00016150: 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 7473 656c 6620 the menu itself \n+00016160: 616e 6420 666f 7220 7468 6520 7365 6c65 and for the sele\n+00016170: 6374 6564 2069 7465 6d0a 6869 6768 6c69 cted item.highli\n+00016180: 6768 742e 0a0a 372e 322e 3720 5374 796c ght...7.2.7 Styl\n+00016190: 6564 2042 6f78 6573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ed Boxes.-------\n+000161a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a4f 6e65 -----------..One\n+000161b0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 2069 6d70 of the most imp\n+000161c0: 6f72 7461 6e74 2066 6561 7475 7265 7320 ortant features \n+000161d0: 666f 7220 6375 7374 6f6d 697a 696e 6720 for customizing \n+000161e0: 7468 6520 6c61 796f 7574 2069 7320 7468 the layout is th\n+000161f0: 6520 7573 650a 6f66 202a 7374 796c 6564 e use.of *styled\n+00016200: 2062 6f78 6573 2a2e 2020 4120 7374 796c boxes*. A styl\n+00016210: 6564 2062 6f78 2069 7320 636f 6d70 6f73 ed box is compos\n+00016220: 6564 206f 6620 3920 7265 6374 616e 6775 ed of 9 rectangu\n+00016230: 6c61 7220 2861 6e64 0a70 6f74 656e 7469 lar (and.potenti\n+00016240: 616c 6c79 2065 6d70 7479 2920 7265 6769 ally empty) regi\n+00016250: 6f6e 732c 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 2075 ons, which are u\n+00016260: 7365 6420 746f 2073 6561 6d6c 6573 736c sed to seamlessl\n+00016270: 7920 6472 6177 2074 6865 2073 7479 6c65 y draw the style\n+00016280: 640a 626f 7820 6f6e 2073 6372 6565 6e3a d.box on screen:\n+00016290: 0a0a 4e6f 7274 6877 6573 7420 286e 7729 ..Northwest (nw)\n+000162a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204e 6f72 7468 2028 North (\n+000162b0: 6e29 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n) \n+000162c0: 4e6f 7274 6865 6173 7420 286e 6529 0a57 Northeast (ne).W\n+000162d0: 6573 7420 2877 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 est (w) \n+000162e0: 2020 2020 2020 4365 6e74 6572 2028 6329 Center (c)\n+000162f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 6173 Eas\n+00016300: 7420 2865 290a 536f 7574 6877 6573 7420 t (e).Southwest \n+00016310: 2873 7729 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6f75 (sw) Sou\n+00016320: 7468 2028 7329 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 th (s) \n+00016330: 2020 2020 536f 7574 6865 6173 7420 2873 Southeast (s\n+00016340: 6529 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 e).. To suppor\n+00016350: 7420 616e 7920 7369 7a65 206f 6620 626f t any size of bo\n+00016360: 7820 6f6e 2073 6372 6565 6e2c 2074 6865 x on screen, the\n+00016370: 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 6520 616e center slice an\n+00016380: 6420 7468 6520 736c 6963 6573 0a66 6f72 d the slices.for\n+00016390: 2074 6865 2074 6f70 2c20 626f 7474 6f6d the top, bottom\n+000163a0: 2c20 616e 6420 7369 6465 7320 6172 6520 , and sides are \n+000163b0: 616c 6c20 7363 616c 6564 2074 6f20 7468 all scaled to th\n+000163c0: 6520 636f 7272 6563 7420 7369 7a65 2066 e correct size f\n+000163d0: 6f72 0a74 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 or.the component\n+000163e0: 206f 6e20 7363 7265 656e 2c20 7573 696e on screen, usin\n+000163f0: 6720 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 g the following \n+00016400: 7275 6c65 733a 0a0a 2020 312e 2054 6865 rules:.. 1. The\n+00016410: 2065 6467 6520 736c 6963 6573 2028 6e6f edge slices (no\n+00016420: 7274 682c 2073 6f75 7468 2c20 6561 7374 rth, south, east\n+00016430: 2c20 616e 6420 7765 7374 2920 6172 6520 , and west) are \n+00016440: 7363 616c 6564 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 scaled in the. \n+00016450: 2020 2064 6972 6563 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 direction of \n+00016460: 7468 6520 6564 6765 2074 6865 7920 6172 the edge they ar\n+00016470: 6520 6164 6a61 6365 6e74 2074 6f2e 2020 e adjacent to. \n+00016480: 466f 7220 696e 7374 616e 6365 2c20 7468 For instance, th\n+00016490: 6520 7765 7374 0a20 2020 2020 736c 6963 e west. slic\n+000164a0: 6520 6973 2073 6361 6c65 6420 7665 7274 e is scaled vert\n+000164b0: 6963 616c 6c79 2e0a 2020 322e 2054 6865 ically.. 2. The\n+000164c0: 2063 6f72 6e65 7220 736c 6963 6573 2028 corner slices (\n+000164d0: 6e6f 7274 6877 6573 742c 206e 6f72 7468 northwest, north\n+000164e0: 6561 7374 2c20 736f 7574 6865 6173 742c east, southeast,\n+000164f0: 2061 6e64 2073 6f75 7468 7765 7374 290a and southwest).\n+00016500: 2020 2020 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2073 6361 are not sca\n+00016510: 6c65 642e 0a20 2033 2e20 5468 6520 6365 led.. 3. The ce\n+00016520: 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 2069 7320 7363 nter slice is sc\n+00016530: 616c 6564 2074 6f20 6669 6c6c 2074 6865 aled to fill the\n+00016540: 2072 656d 6169 6e69 6e67 2073 7061 6365 remaining space\n+00016550: 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 206d 6964 in the. mid\n+00016560: 646c 652e 0a0a 2020 2041 7320 616e 2065 dle... As an e\n+00016570: 7861 6d70 6c65 206f 6620 686f 7720 616e xample of how an\n+00016580: 2069 6d61 6765 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 image might be \n+00016590: 736c 6963 6564 2075 702c 2063 6f6e 7369 sliced up, consi\n+000165a0: 6465 7220 7468 6520 7374 796c 6564 0a62 der the styled.b\n+000165b0: 6f78 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 6120 7465 ox used for a te\n+000165c0: 726d 696e 616c 2076 6965 772e 0a0a 4669 rminal view...Fi\n+000165d0: 6775 7265 2037 2e33 0a37 2e32 2e38 2043 gure 7.3.7.2.8 C\n+000165e0: 7265 6174 696e 6720 5374 796c 6564 2042 reating Styled B\n+000165f0: 6f78 2049 6d61 6765 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ox Images.------\n 00016600: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00016610: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 496e 6b73 ------..The Inks\n-00016620: 6361 7065 5f20 7363 616c 6162 6c65 2076 cape_ scalable v\n-00016630: 6563 746f 7220 6772 6170 6869 6373 2065 ector graphics e\n-00016640: 6469 746f 7220 6973 2061 2076 6572 7920 ditor is a very \n-00016650: 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f6f 6c20 666f 720a useful tool for.\n-00016660: 6372 6561 7469 6e67 2073 7479 6c65 6420 creating styled \n-00016670: 626f 7820 696d 6167 6573 2e20 204f 6e65 box images. One\n-00016680: 2070 726f 6365 7373 2074 6861 7420 776f process that wo\n-00016690: 726b 7320 7765 6c6c 2066 6f72 2073 6c69 rks well for sli\n-000166a0: 6369 6e67 2061 0a64 7261 7769 6e67 2069 cing a.drawing i\n-000166b0: 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 6e65 6365 7373 6172 nto the necessar\n-000166c0: 7920 696d 6167 6520 736c 6963 6573 2069 y image slices i\n-000166d0: 733a 0a0a 2020 312e 2043 7265 6174 6520 s:.. 1. Create \n-000166e0: 6f72 206f 7065 6e20 7468 6520 6472 6177 or open the draw\n-000166f0: 696e 6720 796f 7527 6420 6c69 6b65 2075 ing you'd like u\n-00016700: 7365 2e0a 2020 322e 2043 7265 6174 6520 se.. 2. Create \n-00016710: 6120 6e65 7720 6c61 7965 7220 6f6e 2074 a new layer on t\n-00016720: 6865 2074 6f70 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c61 he top of the la\n-00016730: 7965 7220 7374 6163 6b2e 2020 4d61 6b65 yer stack. Make\n-00016740: 2069 7420 7669 7369 626c 652e 0a20 2020 it visible.. \n-00016750: 2020 5365 6c65 6374 2074 6869 7320 6c61 Select this la\n-00016760: 7965 7220 6173 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 yer as the curre\n-00016770: 6e74 206c 6179 6572 2e0a 2020 332e 2044 nt layer.. 3. D\n-00016780: 7261 7720 3920 7265 6374 616e 676c 6573 raw 9 rectangles\n-00016790: 206f 6e20 796f 7572 2064 7261 7769 6e67 on your drawing\n-000167a0: 2077 6865 7265 2079 6f75 2764 206c 696b where you'd lik\n-000167b0: 6520 7468 6520 736c 6963 6573 2074 6f0a e the slices to.\n-000167c0: 2020 2020 2062 652e 2020 436c 6561 7220 be. Clear \n-000167d0: 7468 6520 6669 6c6c 206f 7074 696f 6e2c the fill option,\n-000167e0: 2061 6e64 2073 6574 2074 6865 2073 7472 and set the str\n-000167f0: 6f6b 6520 746f 2031 2070 6978 656c 2077 oke to 1 pixel w\n-00016800: 6964 650a 2020 2020 2073 6f6c 6964 2073 ide. solid s\n-00016810: 7472 6f6b 652e 2020 5468 6520 636f 726e troke. The corn\n-00016820: 6572 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6c69 6365 ers of the slice\n-00016830: 7320 6d75 7374 206d 6565 7420 7072 6563 s must meet prec\n-00016840: 6973 656c 793b 2069 6620 6974 0a20 2020 isely; if it. \n-00016850: 2020 6973 206f 6666 2062 7920 6120 7369 is off by a si\n-00016860: 6e67 6c65 2070 6978 656c 2c20 6974 2077 ngle pixel, it w\n-00016870: 696c 6c20 7072 6f62 6162 6c79 2062 6520 ill probably be \n-00016880: 6576 6964 656e 7420 7768 656e 2074 6865 evident when the\n-00016890: 0a20 2020 2020 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 . styled box\n-000168a0: 2069 7320 7265 6e64 6572 6564 2069 6e20 is rendered in \n-000168b0: 7468 6520 4752 5542 206d 656e 752e 2020 the GRUB menu. \n-000168c0: 596f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2070 726f 6261 You should proba\n-000168d0: 626c 7920 676f 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2046 bly go to. F\n-000168e0: 696c 6520 7c20 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2050 ile | Document P\n-000168f0: 726f 7065 7274 6965 7320 7c20 4772 6964 roperties | Grid\n-00016900: 7320 616e 6420 656e 6162 6c65 2061 2067 s and enable a g\n-00016910: 7269 6420 6f72 2063 7265 6174 6520 610a rid or create a.\n-00016920: 2020 2020 2067 7569 6465 2028 636c 6963 guide (clic\n-00016930: 6b20 6f6e 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 k on one of the \n-00016940: 7275 6c65 7273 206e 6578 7420 746f 2074 rulers next to t\n-00016950: 6865 2064 7261 7769 6e67 2061 6e64 2064 he drawing and d\n-00016960: 7261 6720 6f76 6572 0a20 2020 2020 7468 rag over. th\n-00016970: 6520 6472 6177 696e 673b 2072 656c 6561 e drawing; relea\n-00016980: 7365 2074 6865 206d 6f75 7365 2062 7574 se the mouse but\n-00016990: 746f 6e20 746f 2070 6c61 6365 2074 6865 ton to place the\n-000169a0: 2067 7569 6465 2920 746f 2068 656c 700a guide) to help.\n-000169b0: 2020 2020 2070 6c61 6365 2074 6865 2072 place the r\n-000169c0: 6563 7461 6e67 6c65 7320 7072 6563 6973 ectangles precis\n-000169d0: 656c 792e 0a20 2034 2e20 5269 6768 7420 ely.. 4. Right \n-000169e0: 636c 6963 6b20 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 656e click on the cen\n-000169f0: 7465 7220 736c 6963 6520 7265 6374 616e ter slice rectan\n-00016a00: 676c 6520 616e 6420 6368 6f6f 7365 204f gle and choose O\n-00016a10: 626a 6563 740a 2020 2020 2050 726f 7065 bject. Prope\n-00016a20: 7274 6965 732e 2020 4368 616e 6765 2074 rties. Change t\n-00016a30: 6865 2022 4964 2220 746f 2022 736c 6963 he \"Id\" to \"slic\n-00016a40: 655f 6322 2061 6e64 2063 6c69 636b 2053 e_c\" and click S\n-00016a50: 6574 2e20 2052 6570 6561 740a 2020 2020 et. Repeat. \n-00016a60: 2074 6869 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 7265 this for the re\n-00016a70: 6d61 696e 696e 6720 3820 7265 6374 616e maining 8 rectan\n-00016a80: 676c 6573 2c20 6769 7669 6e67 2074 6865 gles, giving the\n-00016a90: 6d20 4964 2076 616c 7565 7320 6f66 0a20 m Id values of. \n-00016aa0: 2020 2020 2273 6c69 6365 5f6e 222c 2022 \"slice_n\", \"\n-00016ab0: 736c 6963 655f 6e65 222c 2022 736c 6963 slice_ne\", \"slic\n-00016ac0: 655f 6522 2c20 616e 6420 736f 206f 6e20 e_e\", and so on \n-00016ad0: 6163 636f 7264 696e 6720 746f 2074 6865 according to the\n-00016ae0: 0a20 2020 2020 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2e0a . location..\n-00016af0: 2020 352e 2053 6176 6520 7468 6520 6472 5. Save the dr\n-00016b00: 6177 696e 672e 0a20 2036 2e20 5365 6c65 awing.. 6. Sele\n-00016b10: 6374 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2073 6c69 6365 ct all the slice\n-00016b20: 2072 6563 7461 6e67 6c65 732e 2020 5769 rectangles. Wi\n-00016b30: 7468 2074 6865 2073 6c69 6365 206c 6179 th the slice lay\n-00016b40: 6572 2073 656c 6563 7465 642c 0a20 2020 er selected,. \n-00016b50: 2020 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7369 6d70 6c79 you can simply\n-00016b60: 2070 7265 7373 2043 7472 6c2b 4120 746f press Ctrl+A to\n-00016b70: 2073 656c 6563 7420 616c 6c20 7265 6374 select all rect\n-00016b80: 616e 676c 6573 2e20 2054 6865 2073 7461 angles. The sta\n-00016b90: 7475 730a 2020 2020 2062 6172 2073 686f tus. bar sho\n-00016ba0: 756c 6420 696e 6469 6361 7465 2074 6861 uld indicate tha\n-00016bb0: 7420 3920 7265 6374 616e 676c 6573 2061 t 9 rectangles a\n-00016bc0: 7265 2073 656c 6563 7465 642e 0a20 2037 re selected.. 7\n-00016bd0: 2e20 436c 6963 6b20 7468 6520 6c61 7965 . Click the laye\n-00016be0: 7220 6869 6465 2069 636f 6e20 666f 7220 r hide icon for \n-00016bf0: 7468 6520 736c 6963 6520 6c61 7965 7220 the slice layer \n-00016c00: 696e 2074 6865 206c 6179 6572 2070 616c in the layer pal\n-00016c10: 6574 7465 2e0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2072 ette.. The r\n-00016c20: 6563 7461 6e67 6c65 7320 7769 6c6c 2072 ectangles will r\n-00016c30: 656d 6169 6e20 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2c20 emain selected, \n-00016c40: 6576 656e 2074 686f 7567 6820 7468 6579 even though they\n-00016c50: 2061 7265 2068 6964 6465 6e2e 0a20 2038 are hidden.. 8\n-00016c60: 2e20 4368 6f6f 7365 2046 696c 6520 7c20 . Choose File | \n-00016c70: 4578 706f 7274 2042 6974 6d61 7020 616e Export Bitmap an\n-00016c80: 6420 6368 6563 6b20 7468 6520 2a42 6174 d check the *Bat\n-00016c90: 6368 2065 7870 6f72 7420 3920 7365 6c65 ch export 9 sele\n-00016ca0: 6374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 6f62 6a65 6374 cted. object\n-00016cb0: 732a 2062 6f78 2e20 204d 616b 6520 7375 s* box. Make su\n-00016cc0: 7265 2074 6861 7420 2a48 6964 6520 616c re that *Hide al\n-00016cd0: 6c20 6578 6365 7074 2073 656c 6563 7465 l except selecte\n-00016ce0: 642a 2069 730a 2020 2020 2075 6e63 6865 d* is. unche\n-00016cf0: 636b 6564 2e20 2063 6c69 636b 202a 4578 cked. click *Ex\n-00016d00: 706f 7274 2a2e 2020 5468 6973 2077 696c port*. This wil\n-00016d10: 6c20 6372 6561 7465 2050 4e47 2066 696c l create PNG fil\n-00016d20: 6573 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 0a20 es in the same. \n-00016d30: 2020 2020 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6173 directory as\n-00016d40: 2074 6865 2064 7261 7769 6e67 2c20 6e61 the drawing, na\n-00016d50: 6d65 6420 6166 7465 7220 7468 6520 736c med after the sl\n-00016d60: 6963 6573 2e20 2054 6865 7365 2063 616e ices. These can\n-00016d70: 206e 6f77 2062 650a 2020 2020 2075 7365 now be. use\n-00016d80: 6420 666f 7220 6120 7374 796c 6564 2062 d for a styled b\n-00016d90: 6f78 2069 6e20 6120 4752 5542 2074 6865 ox in a GRUB the\n-00016da0: 6d65 2e0a 0a37 2e33 2054 6865 6d65 2046 me...7.3 Theme F\n-00016db0: 696c 6520 4d61 6e75 616c 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d ile Manual.=====\n+00016610: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 ----------..The \n+00016620: 496e 6b73 6361 7065 5f20 7363 616c 6162 Inkscape_ scalab\n+00016630: 6c65 2076 6563 746f 7220 6772 6170 6869 le vector graphi\n+00016640: 6373 2065 6469 746f 7220 6973 2061 2076 cs editor is a v\n+00016650: 6572 7920 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f6f 6c20 ery useful tool \n+00016660: 666f 720a 6372 6561 7469 6e67 2073 7479 for.creating sty\n+00016670: 6c65 6420 626f 7820 696d 6167 6573 2e20 led box images. \n+00016680: 204f 6e65 2070 726f 6365 7373 2074 6861 One process tha\n+00016690: 7420 776f 726b 7320 7765 6c6c 2066 6f72 t works well for\n+000166a0: 2073 6c69 6369 6e67 2061 0a64 7261 7769 slicing a.drawi\n+000166b0: 6e67 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 6e65 6365 ng into the nece\n+000166c0: 7373 6172 7920 696d 6167 6520 736c 6963 ssary image slic\n+000166d0: 6573 2069 733a 0a0a 2020 312e 2043 7265 es is:.. 1. Cre\n+000166e0: 6174 6520 6f72 206f 7065 6e20 7468 6520 ate or open the \n+000166f0: 6472 6177 696e 6720 796f 7527 6420 6c69 drawing you'd li\n+00016700: 6b65 2075 7365 2e0a 2020 322e 2043 7265 ke use.. 2. Cre\n+00016710: 6174 6520 6120 6e65 7720 6c61 7965 7220 ate a new layer \n+00016720: 6f6e 2074 6865 2074 6f70 206f 6620 7468 on the top of th\n+00016730: 6520 6c61 7965 7220 7374 6163 6b2e 2020 e layer stack. \n+00016740: 4d61 6b65 2069 7420 7669 7369 626c 652e Make it visible.\n+00016750: 0a20 2020 2020 5365 6c65 6374 2074 6869 . Select thi\n+00016760: 7320 6c61 7965 7220 6173 2074 6865 2063 s layer as the c\n+00016770: 7572 7265 6e74 206c 6179 6572 2e0a 2020 urrent layer.. \n+00016780: 332e 2044 7261 7720 3920 7265 6374 616e 3. Draw 9 rectan\n+00016790: 676c 6573 206f 6e20 796f 7572 2064 7261 gles on your dra\n+000167a0: 7769 6e67 2077 6865 7265 2079 6f75 2764 wing where you'd\n+000167b0: 206c 696b 6520 7468 6520 736c 6963 6573 like the slices\n+000167c0: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2062 652e 2020 436c to. be. Cl\n+000167d0: 6561 7220 7468 6520 6669 6c6c 206f 7074 ear the fill opt\n+000167e0: 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 2073 6574 2074 6865 ion, and set the\n+000167f0: 2073 7472 6f6b 6520 746f 2031 2070 6978 stroke to 1 pix\n+00016800: 656c 2077 6964 650a 2020 2020 2073 6f6c el wide. sol\n+00016810: 6964 2073 7472 6f6b 652e 2020 5468 6520 id stroke. The \n+00016820: 636f 726e 6572 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2073 corners of the s\n+00016830: 6c69 6365 7320 6d75 7374 206d 6565 7420 lices must meet \n+00016840: 7072 6563 6973 656c 793b 2069 6620 6974 precisely; if it\n+00016850: 0a20 2020 2020 6973 206f 6666 2062 7920 . is off by \n+00016860: 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 2070 6978 656c 2c20 a single pixel, \n+00016870: 6974 2077 696c 6c20 7072 6f62 6162 6c79 it will probably\n+00016880: 2062 6520 6576 6964 656e 7420 7768 656e be evident when\n+00016890: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7374 796c 6564 the. styled\n+000168a0: 2062 6f78 2069 7320 7265 6e64 6572 6564 box is rendered\n+000168b0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 4752 5542 206d 656e in the GRUB men\n+000168c0: 752e 2020 596f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2070 u. You should p\n+000168d0: 726f 6261 626c 7920 676f 2074 6f0a 2020 robably go to. \n+000168e0: 2020 2046 696c 6520 7c20 446f 6375 6d65 File | Docume\n+000168f0: 6e74 2050 726f 7065 7274 6965 7320 7c20 nt Properties | \n+00016900: 4772 6964 7320 616e 6420 656e 6162 6c65 Grids and enable\n+00016910: 2061 2067 7269 6420 6f72 2063 7265 6174 a grid or creat\n+00016920: 6520 610a 2020 2020 2067 7569 6465 2028 e a. guide (\n+00016930: 636c 6963 6b20 6f6e 206f 6e65 206f 6620 click on one of \n+00016940: 7468 6520 7275 6c65 7273 206e 6578 7420 the rulers next \n+00016950: 746f 2074 6865 2064 7261 7769 6e67 2061 to the drawing a\n+00016960: 6e64 2064 7261 6720 6f76 6572 0a20 2020 nd drag over. \n+00016970: 2020 7468 6520 6472 6177 696e 673b 2072 the drawing; r\n+00016980: 656c 6561 7365 2074 6865 206d 6f75 7365 elease the mouse\n+00016990: 2062 7574 746f 6e20 746f 2070 6c61 6365 button to place\n+000169a0: 2074 6865 2067 7569 6465 2920 746f 2068 the guide) to h\n+000169b0: 656c 700a 2020 2020 2070 6c61 6365 2074 elp. place t\n+000169c0: 6865 2072 6563 7461 6e67 6c65 7320 7072 he rectangles pr\n+000169d0: 6563 6973 656c 792e 0a20 2034 2e20 5269 ecisely.. 4. Ri\n+000169e0: 6768 7420 636c 6963 6b20 6f6e 2074 6865 ght click on the\n+000169f0: 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 6520 7265 center slice re\n+00016a00: 6374 616e 676c 6520 616e 6420 6368 6f6f ctangle and choo\n+00016a10: 7365 204f 626a 6563 740a 2020 2020 2050 se Object. P\n+00016a20: 726f 7065 7274 6965 732e 2020 4368 616e roperties. Chan\n+00016a30: 6765 2074 6865 2022 4964 2220 746f 2022 ge the \"Id\" to \"\n+00016a40: 736c 6963 655f 6322 2061 6e64 2063 6c69 slice_c\" and cli\n+00016a50: 636b 2053 6574 2e20 2052 6570 6561 740a ck Set. Repeat.\n+00016a60: 2020 2020 2074 6869 7320 666f 7220 7468 this for th\n+00016a70: 6520 7265 6d61 696e 696e 6720 3820 7265 e remaining 8 re\n+00016a80: 6374 616e 676c 6573 2c20 6769 7669 6e67 ctangles, giving\n+00016a90: 2074 6865 6d20 4964 2076 616c 7565 7320 them Id values \n+00016aa0: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 2273 6c69 6365 5f6e of. \"slice_n\n+00016ab0: 222c 2022 736c 6963 655f 6e65 222c 2022 \", \"slice_ne\", \"\n+00016ac0: 736c 6963 655f 6522 2c20 616e 6420 736f slice_e\", and so\n+00016ad0: 206f 6e20 6163 636f 7264 696e 6720 746f on according to\n+00016ae0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6c6f 6361 7469 the. locati\n+00016af0: 6f6e 2e0a 2020 352e 2053 6176 6520 7468 on.. 5. Save th\n+00016b00: 6520 6472 6177 696e 672e 0a20 2036 2e20 e drawing.. 6. \n+00016b10: 5365 6c65 6374 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2073 Select all the s\n+00016b20: 6c69 6365 2072 6563 7461 6e67 6c65 732e lice rectangles.\n+00016b30: 2020 5769 7468 2074 6865 2073 6c69 6365 With the slice\n+00016b40: 206c 6179 6572 2073 656c 6563 7465 642c layer selected,\n+00016b50: 0a20 2020 2020 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7369 . you can si\n+00016b60: 6d70 6c79 2070 7265 7373 2043 7472 6c2b mply press Ctrl+\n+00016b70: 4120 746f 2073 656c 6563 7420 616c 6c20 A to select all \n+00016b80: 7265 6374 616e 676c 6573 2e20 2054 6865 rectangles. The\n+00016b90: 2073 7461 7475 730a 2020 2020 2062 6172 status. bar\n+00016ba0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 696e 6469 6361 7465 should indicate\n+00016bb0: 2074 6861 7420 3920 7265 6374 616e 676c that 9 rectangl\n+00016bc0: 6573 2061 7265 2073 656c 6563 7465 642e es are selected.\n+00016bd0: 0a20 2037 2e20 436c 6963 6b20 7468 6520 . 7. Click the \n+00016be0: 6c61 7965 7220 6869 6465 2069 636f 6e20 layer hide icon \n+00016bf0: 666f 7220 7468 6520 736c 6963 6520 6c61 for the slice la\n+00016c00: 7965 7220 696e 2074 6865 206c 6179 6572 yer in the layer\n+00016c10: 2070 616c 6574 7465 2e0a 2020 2020 2054 palette.. T\n+00016c20: 6865 2072 6563 7461 6e67 6c65 7320 7769 he rectangles wi\n+00016c30: 6c6c 2072 656d 6169 6e20 7365 6c65 6374 ll remain select\n+00016c40: 6564 2c20 6576 656e 2074 686f 7567 6820 ed, even though \n+00016c50: 7468 6579 2061 7265 2068 6964 6465 6e2e they are hidden.\n+00016c60: 0a20 2038 2e20 4368 6f6f 7365 2046 696c . 8. Choose Fil\n+00016c70: 6520 7c20 4578 706f 7274 2042 6974 6d61 e | Export Bitma\n+00016c80: 7020 616e 6420 6368 6563 6b20 7468 6520 p and check the \n+00016c90: 2a42 6174 6368 2065 7870 6f72 7420 3920 *Batch export 9 \n+00016ca0: 7365 6c65 6374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 6f62 selected. ob\n+00016cb0: 6a65 6374 732a 2062 6f78 2e20 204d 616b jects* box. Mak\n+00016cc0: 6520 7375 7265 2074 6861 7420 2a48 6964 e sure that *Hid\n+00016cd0: 6520 616c 6c20 6578 6365 7074 2073 656c e all except sel\n+00016ce0: 6563 7465 642a 2069 730a 2020 2020 2075 ected* is. u\n+00016cf0: 6e63 6865 636b 6564 2e20 2063 6c69 636b nchecked. click\n+00016d00: 202a 4578 706f 7274 2a2e 2020 5468 6973 *Export*. This\n+00016d10: 2077 696c 6c20 6372 6561 7465 2050 4e47 will create PNG\n+00016d20: 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7361 files in the sa\n+00016d30: 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7265 6374 6f72 me. director\n+00016d40: 7920 6173 2074 6865 2064 7261 7769 6e67 y as the drawing\n+00016d50: 2c20 6e61 6d65 6420 6166 7465 7220 7468 , named after th\n+00016d60: 6520 736c 6963 6573 2e20 2054 6865 7365 e slices. These\n+00016d70: 2063 616e 206e 6f77 2062 650a 2020 2020 can now be. \n+00016d80: 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 6120 7374 796c used for a styl\n+00016d90: 6564 2062 6f78 2069 6e20 6120 4752 5542 ed box in a GRUB\n+00016da0: 2074 6865 6d65 2e0a 0a37 2e33 2054 6865 theme...7.3 The\n+00016db0: 6d65 2046 696c 6520 4d61 6e75 616c 0a3d me File Manual.=\n 00016dc0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00016dd0: 0a0a 5468 6520 7468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 ..The theme file\n-00016de0: 2069 7320 6120 706c 6169 6e20 7465 7874 is a plain text\n-00016df0: 2066 696c 652e 2020 4c69 6e65 7320 7468 file. Lines th\n-00016e00: 6174 2062 6567 696e 2077 6974 6820 2223 at begin with \"#\n-00016e10: 2220 6172 650a 6967 6e6f 7265 6420 616e \" are.ignored an\n-00016e20: 6420 636f 6e73 6964 6572 6564 2063 6f6d d considered com\n-00016e30: 6d65 6e74 732e 2020 284e 6f74 653a 2054 ments. (Note: T\n-00016e40: 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 2074 his may not be t\n-00016e50: 6865 2063 6173 6520 6966 2074 6865 0a70 he case if the.p\n-00016e60: 7265 7669 6f75 7320 6c69 6e65 2065 6e64 revious line end\n-00016e70: 6564 2077 6865 7265 2061 2076 616c 7565 ed where a value\n-00016e80: 2077 6173 2065 7870 6563 7465 642e 290a was expected.).\n-00016e90: 0a20 2020 5468 6520 7468 656d 6520 6669 . The theme fi\n-00016ea0: 6c65 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7477 6f20 le contains two \n-00016eb0: 7479 7065 7320 6f66 2073 7461 7465 6d65 types of stateme\n-00016ec0: 6e74 733a 0a20 2031 2e20 476c 6f62 616c nts:. 1. Global\n-00016ed0: 2070 726f 7065 7274 6965 732e 0a20 2032 properties.. 2\n-00016ee0: 2e20 436f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7420 636f 6e73 . Component cons\n-00016ef0: 7472 7563 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a37 2e33 2e31 truction...7.3.1\n-00016f00: 2047 6c6f 6261 6c20 5072 6f70 6572 7469 Global Properti\n-00016f10: 6573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d es.-------------\n-00016f20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 372e 332e ----------..7.3.\n-00016f30: 3220 466f 726d 6174 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2 Format.-------\n-00016f40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a47 6c6f 6261 6c20 7072 -----..Global pr\n-00016f50: 6f70 6572 7469 6573 2061 7265 2073 7065 operties are spe\n-00016f60: 6369 6669 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 cified with the \n-00016f70: 7369 6d70 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 743a 0a20 simple format:. \n-00016f80: 2020 e280 a220 6e61 6d65 313a 2076 616c ... name1: val\n-00016f90: 7565 310a 2020 20e2 80a2 206e 616d 6532 ue1. ... name2\n-00016fa0: 3a20 2276 616c 7565 2077 6869 6368 206d : \"value which m\n-00016fb0: 6179 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2073 7061 6365 ay contain space\n-00016fc0: 7322 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6e61 6d65 333a s\". ... name3:\n-00016fd0: 2023 3838 460a 0a20 2020 496e 2074 6869 #88F.. In thi\n-00016fe0: 7320 6578 616d 706c 652c 206e 616d 6533 s example, name3\n-00016ff0: 2069 7320 6173 7369 676e 6564 2061 2063 is assigned a c\n-00017000: 6f6c 6f72 2076 616c 7565 2e0a 0a37 2e33 olor value...7.3\n-00017010: 2e33 2047 6c6f 6261 6c20 5072 6f70 6572 .3 Global Proper\n-00017020: 7479 204c 6973 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ty List.--------\n+00016dd0: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7468 656d 6520 ====..The theme \n+00016de0: 6669 6c65 2069 7320 6120 706c 6169 6e20 file is a plain \n+00016df0: 7465 7874 2066 696c 652e 2020 4c69 6e65 text file. Line\n+00016e00: 7320 7468 6174 2062 6567 696e 2077 6974 s that begin wit\n+00016e10: 6820 2223 2220 6172 650a 6967 6e6f 7265 h \"#\" are.ignore\n+00016e20: 6420 616e 6420 636f 6e73 6964 6572 6564 d and considered\n+00016e30: 2063 6f6d 6d65 6e74 732e 2020 284e 6f74 comments. (Not\n+00016e40: 653a 2054 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 e: This may not \n+00016e50: 6265 2074 6865 2063 6173 6520 6966 2074 be the case if t\n+00016e60: 6865 0a70 7265 7669 6f75 7320 6c69 6e65 he.previous line\n+00016e70: 2065 6e64 6564 2077 6865 7265 2061 2076 ended where a v\n+00016e80: 616c 7565 2077 6173 2065 7870 6563 7465 alue was expecte\n+00016e90: 642e 290a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 7468 656d d.).. The them\n+00016ea0: 6520 6669 6c65 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 e file contains \n+00016eb0: 7477 6f20 7479 7065 7320 6f66 2073 7461 two types of sta\n+00016ec0: 7465 6d65 6e74 733a 0a20 2031 2e20 476c tements:. 1. Gl\n+00016ed0: 6f62 616c 2070 726f 7065 7274 6965 732e obal properties.\n+00016ee0: 0a20 2032 2e20 436f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7420 . 2. Component \n+00016ef0: 636f 6e73 7472 7563 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a37 construction...7\n+00016f00: 2e33 2e31 2047 6c6f 6261 6c20 5072 6f70 .3.1 Global Prop\n+00016f10: 6572 7469 6573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d erties.---------\n+00016f20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+00016f30: 372e 332e 3220 466f 726d 6174 0a2d 2d2d 7.3.2 Format.---\n+00016f40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a47 6c6f 6261 ---------..Globa\n+00016f50: 6c20 7072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 2061 7265 l properties are\n+00016f60: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2077 6974 6820 specified with \n+00016f70: 7468 6520 7369 6d70 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 the simple forma\n+00016f80: 743a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6e61 6d65 313a t:. ... name1:\n+00016f90: 2076 616c 7565 310a 2020 20e2 80a2 206e value1. ... n\n+00016fa0: 616d 6532 3a20 2276 616c 7565 2077 6869 ame2: \"value whi\n+00016fb0: 6368 206d 6179 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2073 ch may contain s\n+00016fc0: 7061 6365 7322 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6e61 paces\". ... na\n+00016fd0: 6d65 333a 2023 3838 460a 0a20 2020 496e me3: #88F.. In\n+00016fe0: 2074 6869 7320 6578 616d 706c 652c 206e this example, n\n+00016ff0: 616d 6533 2069 7320 6173 7369 676e 6564 ame3 is assigned\n+00017000: 2061 2063 6f6c 6f72 2076 616c 7565 2e0a a color value..\n+00017010: 0a37 2e33 2e33 2047 6c6f 6261 6c20 5072 .7.3.3 Global Pr\n+00017020: 6f70 6572 7479 204c 6973 740a 2d2d 2d2d operty List.----\n 00017030: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00017040: 2d2d 0a0a 7469 746c 652d 7465 7874 2020 --..title-text \n-00017050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 7065 6369 Speci\n-00017060: 6669 6573 2074 6865 2074 6578 7420 746f fies the text to\n-00017070: 2064 6973 706c 6179 2061 7420 7468 6520 display at the \n-00017080: 746f 700a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 top. \n-00017090: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 656e 7465 cente\n-000170a0: 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 6e20 r of the screen \n-000170b0: 6173 2061 2074 6974 6c65 2e0a 7469 746c as a title..titl\n-000170c0: 652d 666f 6e74 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e-font \n-000170d0: 2020 2044 6566 696e 6573 2074 6865 2066 Defines the f\n-000170e0: 6f6e 7420 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2074 6865 ont used for the\n-000170f0: 2074 6974 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 title. \n-00017100: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 me\n-00017110: 7373 6167 6520 6174 2074 6865 2074 6f70 ssage at the top\n-00017120: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7363 7265 656e 2e0a of the screen..\n-00017130: 7469 746c 652d 636f 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 title-color \n-00017140: 2020 2020 2020 2044 6566 696e 6573 2074 Defines t\n-00017150: 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 206f 6620 7468 6520 he color of the \n-00017160: 7469 746c 6520 6d65 7373 6167 652e 0a6d title message..m\n-00017170: 6573 7361 6765 2d66 6f6e 7420 2020 2020 essage-font \n-00017180: 2020 2020 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c 7920 Currently \n-00017190: 756e 7573 6564 2e20 204c 6566 7420 666f unused. Left fo\n-000171a0: 7220 6261 636b 7761 7264 0a20 2020 2020 r backward. \n+00017040: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 7469 746c 652d 7465 ------..title-te\n+00017050: 7874 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 xt S\n+00017060: 7065 6369 6669 6573 2074 6865 2074 6578 pecifies the tex\n+00017070: 7420 746f 2064 6973 706c 6179 2061 7420 t to display at \n+00017080: 7468 6520 746f 700a 2020 2020 2020 2020 the top. \n+00017090: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 c\n+000170a0: 656e 7465 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6372 enter of the scr\n+000170b0: 6565 6e20 6173 2061 2074 6974 6c65 2e0a een as a title..\n+000170c0: 7469 746c 652d 666f 6e74 2020 2020 2020 title-font \n+000170d0: 2020 2020 2020 2044 6566 696e 6573 2074 Defines t\n+000170e0: 6865 2066 6f6e 7420 7573 6564 2066 6f72 he font used for\n+000170f0: 2074 6865 2074 6974 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 the title. \n+00017100: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017110: 2020 6d65 7373 6167 6520 6174 2074 6865 message at the\n+00017120: 2074 6f70 206f 6620 7468 6520 7363 7265 top of the scre\n+00017130: 656e 2e0a 7469 746c 652d 636f 6c6f 7220 en..title-color \n+00017140: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 6566 696e Defin\n+00017150: 6573 2074 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 206f 6620 es the color of \n+00017160: 7468 6520 7469 746c 6520 6d65 7373 6167 the title messag\n+00017170: 652e 0a6d 6573 7361 6765 2d66 6f6e 7420 e..message-font \n+00017180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4375 7272 656e Curren\n+00017190: 746c 7920 756e 7573 6564 2e20 204c 6566 tly unused. Lef\n+000171a0: 7420 666f 7220 6261 636b 7761 7264 0a20 t for backward. \n 000171b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000171c0: 2020 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c 6974 792e compatibility.\n-000171d0: 0a6d 6573 7361 6765 2d63 6f6c 6f72 2020 .message-color \n-000171e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c Currentl\n-000171f0: 7920 756e 7573 6564 2e20 204c 6566 7420 y unused. Left \n-00017200: 666f 7220 6261 636b 7761 7264 0a20 2020 for backward. \n-00017210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017220: 2020 2020 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c 6974 compatibilit\n-00017230: 792e 0a6d 6573 7361 6765 2d62 672d 636f y..message-bg-co\n-00017240: 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 2020 4375 7272 656e lor Curren\n-00017250: 746c 7920 756e 7573 6564 2e20 204c 6566 tly unused. Lef\n-00017260: 7420 666f 7220 6261 636b 7761 7264 0a20 t for backward. \n-00017270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017280: 2020 2020 2020 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c compatibil\n-00017290: 6974 792e 0a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 ity..desktop-ima\n-000172a0: 6765 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5370 6563 ge Spec\n-000172b0: 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 696d 6167 6520 ifies the image \n-000172c0: 746f 2075 7365 2061 7320 7468 650a 2020 to use as the. \n-000172d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000172e0: 2020 2020 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 642e background.\n-000172f0: 2020 4974 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 6361 It will be sca\n-00017300: 6c65 6420 746f 2066 6974 2074 6865 0a20 led to fit the. \n-00017310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017320: 2020 2020 2020 7363 7265 656e 2073 697a screen siz\n-00017330: 6520 6f72 2070 726f 706f 7274 696f 6e61 e or proportiona\n-00017340: 6c6c 7920 7363 616c 6564 0a20 2020 2020 lly scaled. \n+000171c0: 2020 2020 2020 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c compatibil\n+000171d0: 6974 792e 0a6d 6573 7361 6765 2d63 6f6c ity..message-col\n+000171e0: 6f72 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4375 7272 or Curr\n+000171f0: 656e 746c 7920 756e 7573 6564 2e20 204c ently unused. L\n+00017200: 6566 7420 666f 7220 6261 636b 7761 7264 eft for backward\n+00017210: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00017220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f 6d70 6174 6962 compatib\n+00017230: 696c 6974 792e 0a6d 6573 7361 6765 2d62 ility..message-b\n+00017240: 672d 636f 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 2020 4375 g-color Cu\n+00017250: 7272 656e 746c 7920 756e 7573 6564 2e20 rrently unused. \n+00017260: 204c 6566 7420 666f 7220 6261 636b 7761 Left for backwa\n+00017270: 7264 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rd. \n+00017280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f 6d70 6174 compat\n+00017290: 6962 696c 6974 792e 0a64 6573 6b74 6f70 ibility..desktop\n+000172a0: 2d69 6d61 6765 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 -image \n+000172b0: 5370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 696d Specifies the im\n+000172c0: 6167 6520 746f 2075 7365 2061 7320 7468 age to use as th\n+000172d0: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e. \n+000172e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 6163 6b67 726f backgro\n+000172f0: 756e 642e 2020 4974 2077 696c 6c20 6265 und. It will be\n+00017300: 2073 6361 6c65 6420 746f 2066 6974 2074 scaled to fit t\n+00017310: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 he. \n+00017320: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7363 7265 656e screen\n+00017330: 2073 697a 6520 6f72 2070 726f 706f 7274 size or proport\n+00017340: 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 7363 616c 6564 0a20 ionally scaled. \n 00017350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017360: 2020 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 2074 depending on t\n-00017370: 6865 2073 6361 6c65 206d 6574 686f 642e he scale method.\n-00017380: 0a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 2d73 .desktop-image-s\n-00017390: 6361 6c65 2d6d 6574 686f 6453 7065 6369 cale-methodSpeci\n-000173a0: 6669 6573 2074 6865 2073 6361 6c69 6e67 fies the scaling\n-000173b0: 206d 6574 686f 6420 666f 7220 7468 650a method for the.\n-000173c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000173d0: 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d *desktop-\n-000173e0: 696d 6167 652a 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e73 image*. Options\n-000173f0: 2061 7265 2022 7374 7265 7463 6822 2c0a are \"stretch\",.\n-00017400: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017410: 2020 2020 2020 2022 6372 6f70 222c 2022 \"crop\", \"\n-00017420: 7061 6464 696e 6722 2c20 2266 6974 7769 padding\", \"fitwi\n-00017430: 6474 6822 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dth\",. \n-00017440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 6669 \"fi\n-00017450: 7468 6569 6768 7422 2e20 2022 7374 7265 theight\". \"stre\n-00017460: 7463 6822 2066 6f72 2066 6974 7469 6e67 tch\" for fitting\n-00017470: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n-00017480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7363 7265 scre\n-00017490: 656e 2073 697a 652e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 en size. Otherw\n-000174a0: 6973 6520 6974 2069 730a 2020 2020 2020 ise it is. \n+00017360: 2020 2020 2020 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 depending \n+00017370: 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 6361 6c65 206d 6574 on the scale met\n+00017380: 686f 642e 0a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 hod..desktop-ima\n+00017390: 6765 2d73 6361 6c65 2d6d 6574 686f 6453 ge-scale-methodS\n+000173a0: 7065 6369 6669 6573 2074 6865 2073 6361 pecifies the sca\n+000173b0: 6c69 6e67 206d 6574 686f 6420 666f 7220 ling method for \n+000173c0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+000173d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b *desk\n+000173e0: 746f 702d 696d 6167 652a 2e20 204f 7074 top-image*. Opt\n+000173f0: 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2022 7374 7265 7463 ions are \"stretc\n+00017400: 6822 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 h\",. \n+00017410: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 6372 6f70 \"crop\n+00017420: 222c 2022 7061 6464 696e 6722 2c20 2266 \", \"padding\", \"f\n+00017430: 6974 7769 6474 6822 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 itwidth\",. \n+00017440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017450: 2022 6669 7468 6569 6768 7422 2e20 2022 \"fitheight\". \"\n+00017460: 7374 7265 7463 6822 2066 6f72 2066 6974 stretch\" for fit\n+00017470: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ting the. \n+00017480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017490: 7363 7265 656e 2073 697a 652e 2020 4f74 screen size. Ot\n+000174a0: 6865 7277 6973 6520 6974 2069 730a 2020 herwise it is. \n 000174b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000174c0: 2070 726f 706f 7274 696f 6e61 6c20 7363 proportional sc\n-000174d0: 616c 696e 6720 6f66 2061 2070 6172 7420 aling of a part \n-000174e0: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 of. \n-000174f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2a64 6573 6b74 *deskt\n-00017500: 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 2a20 746f 2074 6865 op-image* to the\n-00017510: 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 part of the. \n-00017520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017530: 2020 2020 7363 7265 656e 2e20 2022 6372 screen. \"cr\n-00017540: 6f70 2220 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 650a op\" part of the.\n-00017550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017560: 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d *desktop-\n-00017570: 696d 6167 652a 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2070 image* will be p\n-00017580: 726f 706f 7274 696f 6e61 6c6c 790a 2020 roportionally. \n-00017590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000175a0: 2020 2020 2073 6361 6c65 6420 746f 2066 scaled to f\n-000175b0: 6974 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 6e20 7369 it the screen si\n-000175c0: 7a65 732e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 zes.. \n-000175d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2270 6164 \"pad\n-000175e0: 6469 6e67 2220 7468 6520 656e 7469 7265 ding\" the entire\n-000175f0: 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d 696d 6167 652a *desktop-image*\n-00017600: 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 will. \n-00017610: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 6520 be \n-00017620: 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 contained on the\n-00017630: 2073 6372 6565 6e2e 2020 2266 6974 7769 screen. \"fitwi\n-00017640: 6474 6822 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dth\". \n-00017650: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 666f 7220 for \n-00017660: 6669 7474 696e 6720 7468 6520 2a64 6573 fitting the *des\n-00017670: 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 2a27 7320 7769 ktop-image*'s wi\n-00017680: 6474 680a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dth. \n-00017690: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 with \n-000176a0: 7363 7265 656e 2077 6964 7468 2e20 2022 screen width. \"\n-000176b0: 6669 7468 6569 6768 7422 2066 6f72 0a20 fitheight\" for. \n-000176c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000176d0: 2020 2020 2020 6669 7474 696e 6720 7468 fitting th\n-000176e0: 6520 2a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 e *desktop-image\n-000176f0: 2a27 7320 6865 6967 6874 2077 6974 680a *'s height with.\n-00017700: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017710: 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 the scree\n-00017720: 6e20 6865 6967 6874 2e20 2044 6566 6175 n height. Defau\n-00017730: 6c74 2069 7320 2273 7472 6574 6368 222e lt is \"stretch\".\n-00017740: 0a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 2d68 .desktop-image-h\n-00017750: 2d61 6c69 676e 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 -align Specifie\n-00017760: 7320 7468 6520 686f 7269 7a6f 6e74 616c s the horizontal\n-00017770: 2061 6c69 676e 6d65 6e74 206f 6620 7468 alignment of th\n-00017780: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e. \n-00017790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f *deskto\n-000177a0: 702d 696d 6167 652a 2069 660a 2020 2020 p-image* if. \n+000174c0: 2020 2020 2070 726f 706f 7274 696f 6e61 proportiona\n+000174d0: 6c20 7363 616c 696e 6720 6f66 2061 2070 l scaling of a p\n+000174e0: 6172 7420 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 art of. \n+000174f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2a64 *d\n+00017500: 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 2a20 746f esktop-image* to\n+00017510: 2074 6865 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 the part of the\n+00017520: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00017530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7363 7265 656e 2e20 screen. \n+00017540: 2022 6372 6f70 2220 7061 7274 206f 6620 \"crop\" part of \n+00017550: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+00017560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b *desk\n+00017570: 746f 702d 696d 6167 652a 2077 696c 6c20 top-image* will \n+00017580: 6265 2070 726f 706f 7274 696f 6e61 6c6c be proportionall\n+00017590: 790a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 y. \n+000175a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6361 6c65 6420 scaled \n+000175b0: 746f 2066 6974 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 to fit the scree\n+000175c0: 6e20 7369 7a65 732e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 n sizes.. \n+000175d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000175e0: 2270 6164 6469 6e67 2220 7468 6520 656e \"padding\" the en\n+000175f0: 7469 7265 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d 696d tire *desktop-im\n+00017600: 6167 652a 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 age* will. \n+00017610: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017620: 2062 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 6420 6f6e be contained on\n+00017630: 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 6e2e 2020 2266 the screen. \"f\n+00017640: 6974 7769 6474 6822 0a20 2020 2020 2020 itwidth\". \n+00017650: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017660: 666f 7220 6669 7474 696e 6720 7468 6520 for fitting the \n+00017670: 2a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 2a27 *desktop-image*'\n+00017680: 7320 7769 6474 680a 2020 2020 2020 2020 s width. \n+00017690: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 w\n+000176a0: 6974 6820 7363 7265 656e 2077 6964 7468 ith screen width\n+000176b0: 2e20 2022 6669 7468 6569 6768 7422 2066 . \"fitheight\" f\n+000176c0: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 or. \n+000176d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6669 7474 696e fittin\n+000176e0: 6720 7468 6520 2a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 g the *desktop-i\n+000176f0: 6d61 6765 2a27 7320 6865 6967 6874 2077 mage*'s height w\n+00017700: 6974 680a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ith. \n+00017710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2073 the s\n+00017720: 6372 6565 6e20 6865 6967 6874 2e20 2044 creen height. D\n+00017730: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 2273 7472 6574 efault is \"stret\n+00017740: 6368 222e 0a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 6d61 ch\"..desktop-ima\n+00017750: 6765 2d68 2d61 6c69 676e 2020 5370 6563 ge-h-align Spec\n+00017760: 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 686f 7269 7a6f ifies the horizo\n+00017770: 6e74 616c 2061 6c69 676e 6d65 6e74 206f ntal alignment o\n+00017780: 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 f the. \n+00017790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 *de\n+000177a0: 736b 746f 702d 696d 6167 652a 2069 660a sktop-image* if.\n 000177b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000177c0: 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d 696d 6167 *desktop-imag\n-000177d0: 652d 7363 616c 652d 6d65 7468 6f64 2a20 e-scale-method* \n-000177e0: 6973 6e27 7420 6571 7565 616c 0a20 2020 isn't equeal. \n-000177f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017800: 2020 2020 746f 2022 7374 7265 7463 6822 to \"stretch\"\n-00017810: 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2022 . Options are \"\n-00017820: 6c65 6674 222c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 left\",. \n-00017830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2263 \"c\n-00017840: 656e 7465 7222 2c20 2272 6967 6874 222e enter\", \"right\".\n-00017850: 2020 4465 6661 756c 7420 6973 2022 6365 Default is \"ce\n-00017860: 6e74 6572 222e 0a64 6573 6b74 6f70 2d69 nter\"..desktop-i\n-00017870: 6d61 6765 2d76 2d61 6c69 676e 2020 5370 mage-v-align Sp\n-00017880: 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 7665 7274 ecifies the vert\n-00017890: 6963 616c 2061 6c69 676e 6d65 6e74 206f ical alignment o\n-000178a0: 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 f the. \n-000178b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 *de\n-000178c0: 736b 746f 702d 696d 6167 652a 2069 660a sktop-image* if.\n-000178d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000178e0: 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d *desktop-\n-000178f0: 696d 6167 652d 7363 616c 652d 6d65 7468 image-scale-meth\n-00017900: 6f64 2a20 6973 6e27 7420 6571 7565 616c od* isn't equeal\n-00017910: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-00017920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 746f 2022 7374 7265 to \"stre\n-00017930: 7463 6822 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 tch\". Options a\n-00017940: 7265 2022 746f 7022 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 re \"top\",. \n+000177c0: 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d *desktop-\n+000177d0: 696d 6167 652d 7363 616c 652d 6d65 7468 image-scale-meth\n+000177e0: 6f64 2a20 6973 6e27 7420 6571 7565 616c od* isn't equeal\n+000177f0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00017800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 746f 2022 7374 7265 to \"stre\n+00017810: 7463 6822 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 tch\". Options a\n+00017820: 7265 2022 6c65 6674 222c 0a20 2020 2020 re \"left\",. \n+00017830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017840: 2020 2263 656e 7465 7222 2c20 2272 6967 \"center\", \"rig\n+00017850: 6874 222e 2020 4465 6661 756c 7420 6973 ht\". Default is\n+00017860: 2022 6365 6e74 6572 222e 0a64 6573 6b74 \"center\"..deskt\n+00017870: 6f70 2d69 6d61 6765 2d76 2d61 6c69 676e op-image-v-align\n+00017880: 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 Specifies the \n+00017890: 7665 7274 6963 616c 2061 6c69 676e 6d65 vertical alignme\n+000178a0: 6e74 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 nt of the. \n+000178b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000178c0: 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d 696d 6167 652a *desktop-image*\n+000178d0: 2069 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 if. \n+000178e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b *desk\n+000178f0: 746f 702d 696d 6167 652d 7363 616c 652d top-image-scale-\n+00017900: 6d65 7468 6f64 2a20 6973 6e27 7420 6571 method* isn't eq\n+00017910: 7565 616c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ueal. \n+00017920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 746f 2022 to \"\n+00017930: 7374 7265 7463 6822 2e20 204f 7074 696f stretch\". Optio\n+00017940: 6e73 2061 7265 2022 746f 7022 2c0a 2020 ns are \"top\",. \n 00017950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017960: 2022 6365 6e74 6572 222c 2022 626f 7474 \"center\", \"bott\n-00017970: 6f6d 222e 2020 4465 6661 756c 7420 6973 om\". Default is\n-00017980: 2022 6365 6e74 6572 222e 0a64 6573 6b74 \"center\"..deskt\n-00017990: 6f70 2d63 6f6c 6f72 2020 2020 2020 2020 op-color \n-000179a0: 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 Specifies the \n-000179b0: 636f 6c6f 7220 666f 7220 7468 6520 6261 color for the ba\n-000179c0: 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2069 660a 2020 2020 ckground if. \n+00017960: 2020 2020 2022 6365 6e74 6572 222c 2022 \"center\", \"\n+00017970: 626f 7474 6f6d 222e 2020 4465 6661 756c bottom\". Defaul\n+00017980: 7420 6973 2022 6365 6e74 6572 222e 0a64 t is \"center\"..d\n+00017990: 6573 6b74 6f70 2d63 6f6c 6f72 2020 2020 esktop-color \n+000179a0: 2020 2020 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 7320 Specifies \n+000179b0: 7468 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 666f 7220 7468 the color for th\n+000179c0: 6520 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2069 660a e background if.\n 000179d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000179e0: 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d 696d 6167 *desktop-imag\n-000179f0: 652a 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7370 6563 6966 e* is not specif\n-00017a00: 6965 642e 0a74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2d 626f ied..terminal-bo\n-00017a10: 7820 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5370 6563 x Spec\n-00017a20: 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 6669 6c65 206e ifies the file n\n-00017a30: 616d 6520 7061 7474 6572 6e20 666f 7220 ame pattern for \n-00017a40: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n-00017a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7479 6c65 style\n-00017a60: 6420 626f 7820 736c 6963 6573 2075 7365 d box slices use\n-00017a70: 6420 666f 7220 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e d for the comman\n-00017a80: 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d. \n-00017a90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 696e 6520 7465 line te\n-00017aa0: 726d 696e 616c 2077 696e 646f 772e 2020 rminal window. \n-00017ab0: 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 0a20 2020 For example,. \n-00017ac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017ad0: 2020 2020 2274 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2d 626f \"terminal-bo\n-00017ae0: 783a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 2a2e 706e x: terminal_*.pn\n-00017af0: 6722 2077 696c 6c20 7573 650a 2020 2020 g\" will use. \n+000179e0: 2020 2020 2020 202a 6465 736b 746f 702d *desktop-\n+000179f0: 696d 6167 652a 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7370 image* is not sp\n+00017a00: 6563 6966 6965 642e 0a74 6572 6d69 6e61 ecified..termina\n+00017a10: 6c2d 626f 7820 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 l-box \n+00017a20: 5370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 6669 Specifies the fi\n+00017a30: 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7061 7474 6572 6e20 le name pattern \n+00017a40: 666f 7220 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 for the. \n+00017a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 s\n+00017a60: 7479 6c65 6420 626f 7820 736c 6963 6573 tyled box slices\n+00017a70: 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 7468 6520 636f used for the co\n+00017a80: 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mmand. \n+00017a90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 696e lin\n+00017aa0: 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c 2077 696e 646f e terminal windo\n+00017ab0: 772e 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c w. For example,\n+00017ac0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00017ad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2274 6572 6d69 6e61 \"termina\n+00017ae0: 6c2d 626f 783a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f l-box: terminal_\n+00017af0: 2a2e 706e 6722 2077 696c 6c20 7573 650a *.png\" will use.\n 00017b00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017b10: 2020 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 7320 2274 the images \"t\n-00017b20: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 632e 706e 6722 2061 erminal_c.png\" a\n-00017b30: 7320 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 0a20 2020 s the center. \n-00017b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017b50: 2020 2020 6172 6561 2c20 2274 6572 6d69 area, \"termi\n-00017b60: 6e61 6c5f 6e2e 706e 6722 2061 7320 7468 nal_n.png\" as th\n-00017b70: 6520 6e6f 7274 6820 2874 6f70 290a 2020 e north (top). \n-00017b80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017b90: 2020 2020 2065 6467 652c 2022 7465 726d edge, \"term\n-00017ba0: 696e 616c 5f6e 772e 706e 6722 2061 7320 inal_nw.png\" as \n-00017bb0: 7468 6520 6e6f 7274 6877 6573 740a 2020 the northwest. \n-00017bc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017bd0: 2020 2020 2028 7570 7065 7220 6c65 6674 (upper left\n-00017be0: 2920 636f 726e 6572 2c20 616e 6420 736f ) corner, and so\n-00017bf0: 206f 6e2e 2020 4966 2074 6865 0a20 2020 on. If the. \n-00017c00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017c10: 2020 2020 696d 6167 6520 666f 7220 616e image for an\n-00017c20: 7920 736c 6963 6520 6973 206e 6f74 2066 y slice is not f\n-00017c30: 6f75 6e64 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 ound, it will. \n-00017c40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017c50: 2020 2020 2073 696d 706c 7920 6265 206c simply be l\n-00017c60: 6566 7420 656d 7074 792e 0a74 6572 6d69 eft empty..termi\n-00017c70: 6e61 6c2d 626f 7264 6572 2020 2020 2020 nal-border \n-00017c80: 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 Specifies the \n-00017c90: 626f 7264 6572 2077 6964 7468 206f 6620 border width of \n-00017ca0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n-00017cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6572 6d69 termi\n-00017cc0: 6e61 6c20 7769 6e64 6f77 2e0a 7465 726d nal window..term\n-00017cd0: 696e 616c 2d6c 6566 7420 2020 2020 2020 inal-left \n-00017ce0: 2020 2053 7065 6369 6669 6573 2074 6865 Specifies the\n-00017cf0: 206c 6566 7420 636f 6f72 6469 6e61 7465 left coordinate\n-00017d00: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 of the. \n-00017d10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n-00017d20: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 6e64 6f77 2e0a erminal window..\n-00017d30: 7465 726d 696e 616c 2d74 6f70 2020 2020 terminal-top \n-00017d40: 2020 2020 2020 2053 7065 6369 6669 6573 Specifies\n-00017d50: 2074 6865 2074 6f70 2063 6f6f 7264 696e the top coordin\n-00017d60: 6174 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ate of the. \n+00017b10: 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 the image\n+00017b20: 7320 2274 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 632e 706e s \"terminal_c.pn\n+00017b30: 6722 2061 7320 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 g\" as the center\n+00017b40: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00017b50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6172 6561 2c20 2274 area, \"t\n+00017b60: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6e2e 706e 6722 2061 erminal_n.png\" a\n+00017b70: 7320 7468 6520 6e6f 7274 6820 2874 6f70 s the north (top\n+00017b80: 290a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ). \n+00017b90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2065 6467 652c 2022 edge, \"\n+00017ba0: 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6e 772e 706e 6722 terminal_nw.png\"\n+00017bb0: 2061 7320 7468 6520 6e6f 7274 6877 6573 as the northwes\n+00017bc0: 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t. \n+00017bd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 7570 7065 7220 (upper \n+00017be0: 6c65 6674 2920 636f 726e 6572 2c20 616e left) corner, an\n+00017bf0: 6420 736f 206f 6e2e 2020 4966 2074 6865 d so on. If the\n+00017c00: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00017c10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 696d 6167 6520 666f image fo\n+00017c20: 7220 616e 7920 736c 6963 6520 6973 206e r any slice is n\n+00017c30: 6f74 2066 6f75 6e64 2c20 6974 2077 696c ot found, it wil\n+00017c40: 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 l. \n+00017c50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 696d 706c 7920 simply \n+00017c60: 6265 206c 6566 7420 656d 7074 792e 0a74 be left empty..t\n+00017c70: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2d 626f 7264 6572 2020 erminal-border \n+00017c80: 2020 2020 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 7320 Specifies \n+00017c90: 7468 6520 626f 7264 6572 2077 6964 7468 the border width\n+00017ca0: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 of the. \n+00017cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n+00017cc0: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 6e64 6f77 2e0a erminal window..\n+00017cd0: 7465 726d 696e 616c 2d6c 6566 7420 2020 terminal-left \n+00017ce0: 2020 2020 2020 2053 7065 6369 6669 6573 Specifies\n+00017cf0: 2074 6865 206c 6566 7420 636f 6f72 6469 the left coordi\n+00017d00: 6e61 7465 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 nate of the. \n+00017d10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00017d20: 2020 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 6e64 terminal wind\n+00017d30: 6f77 2e0a 7465 726d 696e 616c 2d74 6f70 ow..terminal-top\n+00017d40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 7065 6369 Speci\n+00017d50: 6669 6573 2074 6865 2074 6f70 2063 6f6f fies the top coo\n+00017d60: 7264 696e 6174 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 rdinate of the. \n 00017d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017d80: 2020 7465 726d 696e 616c 2077 696e 646f terminal windo\n-00017d90: 772e 0a74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2d 7769 6474 w..terminal-widt\n-00017da0: 6820 2020 2020 2020 2020 5370 6563 6966 h Specif\n-00017db0: 6965 7320 7468 6520 7769 6474 6820 6f66 ies the width of\n-00017dc0: 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c0a 2020 the terminal. \n-00017dd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017de0: 2020 2020 2077 696e 646f 772e 0a74 6572 window..ter\n-00017df0: 6d69 6e61 6c2d 6865 6967 6874 2020 2020 minal-height \n-00017e00: 2020 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 Specifies th\n-00017e10: 6520 6865 6967 6874 206f 6620 7468 6520 e height of the \n-00017e20: 7465 726d 696e 616c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 terminal. \n+00017d80: 2020 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e 616c 2077 terminal w\n+00017d90: 696e 646f 772e 0a74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2d indow..terminal-\n+00017da0: 7769 6474 6820 2020 2020 2020 2020 5370 width Sp\n+00017db0: 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 7769 6474 ecifies the widt\n+00017dc0: 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 h of the termina\n+00017dd0: 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 l. \n+00017de0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 696e 646f 772e window.\n+00017df0: 0a74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2d 6865 6967 6874 .terminal-height\n+00017e00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5370 6563 6966 6965 Specifie\n+00017e10: 7320 7468 6520 6865 6967 6874 206f 6620 s the height of \n+00017e20: 7468 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c 0a20 2020 the terminal. \n 00017e30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00017e40: 7769 6e64 6f77 2e0a 0a37 2e33 2e34 2043 window...7.3.4 C\n-00017e50: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2043 6f6e 7374 7275 omponent Constru\n-00017e60: 6374 696f 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ction.----------\n+00017e40: 2020 2020 7769 6e64 6f77 2e0a 0a37 2e33 window...7.3\n+00017e50: 2e34 2043 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2043 6f6e .4 Component Con\n+00017e60: 7374 7275 6374 696f 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d struction.------\n 00017e70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00017e80: 2d2d 0a0a 4772 6561 7465 7220 6375 7374 --..Greater cust\n-00017e90: 6f6d 697a 6162 696c 6974 7920 636f 6d65 omizability come\n-00017ea0: 7320 6973 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 s is provided by\n-00017eb0: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 732e 2020 4120 components. A \n-00017ec0: 7472 6565 206f 660a 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e tree of.componen\n-00017ed0: 7473 2066 6f72 6d73 2074 6865 2075 7365 ts forms the use\n-00017ee0: 7220 696e 7465 7266 6163 652e 2020 2a43 r interface. *C\n-00017ef0: 6f6e 7461 696e 6572 732a 2061 7265 2063 ontainers* are c\n-00017f00: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 7468 6174 0a63 omponents that.c\n-00017f10: 616e 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 206f 7468 6572 an contain other\n-00017f20: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 732c 2061 6e64 components, and\n-00017f30: 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 616c 7761 7973 there is always\n-00017f40: 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 726f 6f74 0a63 a single root.c\n-00017f50: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2077 6869 6368 2069 omponent which i\n-00017f60: 7320 616e 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 6520 6f66 s an instance of\n-00017f70: 2061 202a 6361 6e76 6173 2a20 636f 6e74 a *canvas* cont\n-00017f80: 6169 6e65 722e 0a0a 2020 2043 6f6d 706f ainer... Compo\n-00017f90: 6e65 6e74 7320 6172 6520 6372 6561 7465 nents are create\n-00017fa0: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2074 6865 6d65 2066 d in the theme f\n-00017fb0: 696c 6520 6279 2070 7265 6669 7869 6e67 ile by prefixing\n-00017fc0: 2074 6865 2074 7970 6520 6f66 0a63 6f6d the type of.com\n-00017fd0: 706f 6e65 6e74 2077 6974 6820 6120 272b ponent with a '+\n-00017fe0: 2720 7369 676e 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 9820 ' sign:.. ... \n-00017ff0: 2b20 6c61 6265 6c20 7b20 7465 7874 3d22 + label { text=\"\n-00018000: 4752 5542 2220 666f 6e74 3d22 6171 7569 GRUB\" font=\"aqui\n-00018010: 2031 3122 2063 6f6c 6f72 3d22 2338 4646 11\" color=\"#8FF\n-00018020: 2220 7d20 e280 990a 0a20 2020 7072 6f70 \" } ..... prop\n-00018030: 6572 7469 6573 206f 6620 6120 636f 6d70 erties of a comp\n-00018040: 6f6e 656e 7420 6172 6520 7370 6563 6966 onent are specif\n-00018050: 6965 6420 6173 2022 6e61 6d65 203d 2076 ied as \"name = v\n-00018060: 616c 7565 2220 2877 6869 7465 7370 6163 alue\" (whitespac\n-00018070: 650a 7375 7272 6f75 6e64 696e 6720 746f e.surrounding to\n-00018080: 6b65 6e73 2069 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c kens is optional\n-00018090: 2061 6e64 2069 7320 6967 6e6f 7265 6429 and is ignored)\n-000180a0: 2077 6865 7265 202a 7661 6c75 652a 206d where *value* m\n-000180b0: 6179 2062 653a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6120 ay be:. ... a \n-000180c0: 7369 6e67 6c65 2077 6f72 6420 2865 2e67 single word (e.g\n-000180d0: 2e2c 2022 616c 6967 6e20 3d20 6365 6e74 ., \"align = cent\n-000180e0: 6572 222c 2022 636f 6c6f 7220 3d20 2346 er\", \"color = #F\n-000180f0: 4638 3038 3022 292c 0a20 2020 e280 a220 F8080\"),. ... \n-00018100: 6120 7175 6f74 6564 2073 7472 696e 6720 a quoted string \n-00018110: 2865 2e67 2e2c 2022 7465 7874 203d 2022 (e.g., \"text = \"\n-00018120: 4865 6c6c 6f2c 2057 6f72 6c64 2122 2229 Hello, World!\"\")\n-00018130: 2c20 6f72 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6120 7475 , or. ... a tu\n-00018140: 706c 6520 2865 2e67 2e2c 2022 7072 6566 ple (e.g., \"pref\n-00018150: 6572 7265 645f 7369 7a65 203d 2028 3132 erred_size = (12\n-00018160: 302c 2038 3029 2229 2e0a 0a37 2e33 2e35 0, 80)\")...7.3.5\n-00018170: 2043 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 204c 6973 740a Component List.\n-00018180: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00018190: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 ----..The follow\n-000181a0: 696e 6720 6973 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 ing is a list of\n-000181b0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 the components \n-000181c0: 616e 6420 7468 6520 7072 6f70 6572 7469 and the properti\n-000181d0: 6573 2074 6865 790a 7375 7070 6f72 742e es they.support.\n-000181e0: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 206c 6162 656c 2041 .. ... label A\n-000181f0: 206c 6162 656c 2064 6973 706c 6179 7320 label displays \n-00018200: 6120 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 7465 7874 2e0a a line of text..\n-00018210: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 . Properties\n-00018220: 3a0a 2020 2020 2069 6420 2020 2020 2020 :. id \n-00018230: 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 746f 2022 5f5f Set to \"__\n-00018240: 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 5f22 2074 6f20 6469 timeout__\" to di\n-00018250: 7370 6c61 7920 7468 6520 7469 6d65 2065 splay the time e\n-00018260: 6c61 7073 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 lapsed. \n-00018270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6f20 616e to an\n-00018280: 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 2062 6f6f automatical boo\n-00018290: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 t of the default\n-000182a0: 2065 6e74 7279 2e0a 2020 2020 2074 6578 entry.. tex\n-000182b0: 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 t The \n-000182c0: 7465 7874 2074 6f20 6469 7370 6c61 792e text to display.\n-000182d0: 2020 4966 2022 6964 2220 6973 2073 6574 If \"id\" is set\n-000182e0: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 to. \n-000182f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 225f 5f74 696d 656f \"__timeo\n-00018300: 7574 5f5f 2220 616e 6420 6e6f 2022 7465 ut__\" and no \"te\n-00018310: 7874 2220 7072 6f70 6572 7479 2069 7320 xt\" property is \n-00018320: 7365 7420 7468 656e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 set then. \n-00018330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 the\n-00018340: 2061 6d6f 756e 7420 6f66 2073 6563 6f6e amount of secon\n-00018350: 6473 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 686f 776e ds will be shown\n-00018360: 2e20 2049 6620 7365 7420 746f 0a20 2020 . If set to. \n-00018370: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018380: 2022 404b 4559 4d41 505f 5348 4f52 5440 \"@KEYMAP_SHORT@\n-00018390: 222c 2022 404b 4559 4d41 505f 4d49 4444 \", \"@KEYMAP_MIDD\n-000183a0: 4c45 4022 206f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 LE@\" or. \n-000183b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2240 4b45 \"@KE\n-000183c0: 594d 4150 5f4c 4f4e 4740 2220 7468 656e YMAP_LONG@\" then\n-000183d0: 2070 7265 6465 6669 6e65 6420 686f 746b predefined hotk\n-000183e0: 6579 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ey. \n-000183f0: 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 informati\n-00018400: 6f6e 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 686f 776e on will be shown\n-00018410: 2e0a 2020 2020 2066 6f6e 7420 2020 2020 .. font \n-00018420: 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 666f 6e74 2074 The font t\n-00018430: 6f20 7573 6520 666f 7220 7465 7874 2064 o use for text d\n-00018440: 6973 706c 6179 2e0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6c isplay.. col\n-00018450: 6f72 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 or The \n-00018460: 636f 6c6f 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6578 color of the tex\n-00018470: 742e 0a20 2020 2020 616c 6967 6e20 2020 t.. align \n-00018480: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2068 6f72 697a The horiz\n-00018490: 6f6e 7461 6c20 616c 6967 6e6d 656e 7420 ontal alignment \n-000184a0: 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6578 7420 7769 7468 of the text with\n-000184b0: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 in the. \n-000184c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 706f compo\n-000184d0: 6e65 6e74 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 nent. Options a\n-000184e0: 7265 2022 6c65 6674 222c 2022 6365 6e74 re \"left\", \"cent\n-000184f0: 6572 2220 616e 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 er\" and. \n-00018500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2272 6967 \"rig\n-00018510: 6874 222e 0a20 2020 2020 7669 7369 626c ht\".. visibl\n-00018520: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 2074 6f20 e Set to \n-00018530: 2266 616c 7365 2220 746f 2068 6964 6520 \"false\" to hide \n-00018540: 7468 6520 6c61 6265 6c2e 0a0a 2020 20e2 the label... .\n-00018550: 80a2 2069 6d61 6765 2041 2063 6f6d 706f .. image A compo\n-00018560: 6e65 6e74 2074 6861 7420 6469 7370 6c61 nent that displa\n-00018570: 7973 2061 6e20 696d 6167 652e 2020 5468 ys an image. Th\n-00018580: 6520 696d 6167 6520 6973 2073 6361 6c65 e image is scale\n-00018590: 6420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6669 7420 7468 d to. fit th\n-000185a0: 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742e 0a0a 2020 e component... \n-000185b0: 2020 2050 726f 7065 7274 6965 733a 0a0a Properties:..\n-000185c0: 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 2020 2020 2020 file \n-000185d0: 2020 2020 5468 6520 6675 6c6c 2070 6174 The full pat\n-000185e0: 6820 746f 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2066 h to the image f\n-000185f0: 696c 6520 746f 206c 6f61 642e 0a0a 2020 ile to load... \n-00018600: 20e2 80a2 2070 726f 6772 6573 735f 6261 ... progress_ba\n-00018610: 7220 4469 7370 6c61 7973 2061 2068 6f72 r Displays a hor\n-00018620: 697a 6f6e 7461 6c6c 7920 6f72 6965 6e74 izontally orient\n-00018630: 6564 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 722e ed progress bar.\n-00018640: 2020 4974 2063 616e 0a20 2020 2020 6265 It can. be\n-00018650: 2072 656e 6465 7265 6420 7573 696e 6720 rendered using \n-00018660: 7369 6d70 6c65 2073 6f6c 6964 2066 696c simple solid fil\n-00018670: 6c65 6420 7265 6374 616e 676c 6573 2c20 led rectangles, \n-00018680: 6f72 2075 7369 6e67 2061 2070 6169 720a or using a pair.\n-00018690: 2020 2020 206f 6620 7069 786d 6170 2073 of pixmap s\n-000186a0: 7479 6c65 6420 626f 7865 732e 0a0a 2020 tyled boxes... \n-000186b0: 2020 2050 726f 7065 7274 6965 733a 0a0a Properties:..\n-000186c0: 2020 2020 2069 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 id \n-000186d0: 2020 2020 5365 7420 746f 2022 5f5f 7469 Set to \"__ti\n-000186e0: 6d65 6f75 745f 5f22 2074 6f20 6469 7370 meout__\" to disp\n-000186f0: 6c61 7920 7468 6520 7469 6d65 2065 6c61 lay the time ela\n-00018700: 7073 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 psed. \n-00018710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6f20 616e 2061 to an a\n-00018720: 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 utomatical boot \n-00018730: 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2065 of the default e\n-00018740: 6e74 7279 2e0a 2020 2020 2066 675f 636f ntry.. fg_co\n-00018750: 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 666f lor The fo\n-00018760: 7265 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6c 6f72 2066 reground color f\n-00018770: 6f72 2070 6c61 696e 2073 6f6c 6964 2063 or plain solid c\n-00018780: 6f6c 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 olor. \n-00018790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 656e 6465 7269 renderi\n-000187a0: 6e67 2e0a 2020 2020 2062 675f 636f 6c6f ng.. bg_colo\n-000187b0: 7220 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 6261 636b r The back\n-000187c0: 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6c 6f72 2066 6f72 ground color for\n-000187d0: 2070 6c61 696e 2073 6f6c 6964 2063 6f6c plain solid col\n-000187e0: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 or. \n-000187f0: 2020 2020 2020 2072 656e 6465 7269 6e67 rendering\n-00018800: 2e0a 2020 2020 2062 6f72 6465 725f 636f .. border_co\n-00018810: 6c6f 7220 2020 5468 6520 626f 7264 6572 lor The border\n-00018820: 2063 6f6c 6f72 2066 6f72 2070 6c61 696e color for plain\n-00018830: 2073 6f6c 6964 2063 6f6c 6f72 0a20 2020 solid color. \n-00018840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018850: 2072 656e 6465 7269 6e67 2e0a 2020 2020 rendering.. \n-00018860: 2074 6578 745f 636f 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 text_color \n-00018870: 5468 6520 7465 7874 2063 6f6c 6f72 2e0a The text color..\n-00018880: 2020 2020 2062 6172 5f73 7479 6c65 2020 bar_style \n-00018890: 2020 2020 5468 6520 7374 796c 6564 2062 The styled b\n-000188a0: 6f78 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e ox specification\n-000188b0: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2066 7261 6d65 206f for the frame o\n-000188c0: 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 f. \n-000188d0: 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 7072 6f67 7265 the progre\n-000188e0: 7373 2062 6172 2e20 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 ss bar. Example\n-000188f0: 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :. \n-00018900: 2020 2020 2020 2270 726f 6772 6573 735f \"progress_\n-00018910: 6672 616d 655f 2a2e 706e 6722 2049 6620 frame_*.png\" If \n-00018920: 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6973 2065 7175 the value is equ\n-00018930: 616c 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 al to. \n-00018940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2268 6967 686c \"highl\n-00018950: 6967 6874 5f73 7479 6c65 2220 7468 656e ight_style\" then\n-00018960: 206e 6f20 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 6573 no styled boxes\n-00018970: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 2020 will be. \n-00018980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 686f sho\n-00018990: 776e 2e0a 2020 2020 2068 6967 686c 6967 wn.. highlig\n-000189a0: 6874 5f73 7479 6c65 5468 6520 7374 796c ht_styleThe styl\n-000189b0: 6564 2062 6f78 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 ed box specifica\n-000189c0: 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2068 6967 tion for the hig\n-000189d0: 686c 6967 6874 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 hlighted. \n-000189e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 6567 reg\n-000189f0: 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2070 726f 6772 ion of the progr\n-00018a00: 6573 7320 6261 722e 2020 5468 6973 2062 ess bar. This b\n-00018a10: 6f78 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 ox will be. \n-00018a20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2075 u\n-00018a30: 7365 6420 746f 2070 6169 6e74 206a 7573 sed to paint jus\n-00018a40: 7420 7468 6520 6869 6768 6c69 6768 7465 t the highlighte\n-00018a50: 6420 7265 6769 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 650a d region of the.\n-00018a60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018a70: 2020 2020 6261 722c 2061 6e64 2077 696c bar, and wil\n-00018a80: 6c20 6265 2069 6e63 7265 6173 6564 2069 l be increased i\n-00018a90: 6e20 7369 7a65 2061 7320 7468 6520 6261 n size as the ba\n-00018aa0: 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r. \n-00018ab0: 2020 2020 2020 6e65 6172 7320 636f 6d70 nears comp\n-00018ac0: 6c65 7469 6f6e 2e20 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 letion. Example\n-00018ad0: 3a20 2270 726f 6772 6573 735f 686c 5f2a : \"progress_hl_*\n-00018ae0: 2e70 6e67 222e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 .png\".. \n-00018af0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 If th\n-00018b00: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6973 2065 7175 616c e value is equal\n-00018b10: 2074 6f20 2262 6172 5f73 7479 6c65 2220 to \"bar_style\" \n-00018b20: 7468 656e 206e 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 then no. \n-00018b30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7374 796c styl\n-00018b40: 6564 2062 6f78 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6265 ed boxes will be\n-00018b50: 2073 686f 776e 2e0a 2020 2020 2068 6967 shown.. hig\n-00018b60: 686c 6967 6874 5f6f 7665 726c 6179 4966 hlight_overlayIf\n-00018b70: 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 this option is \n-00018b80: 7365 7420 746f 2022 7472 7565 2220 7468 set to \"true\" th\n-00018b90: 656e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 en the. \n-00018ba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 6967 686c highl\n-00018bb0: 6967 6874 2062 6f78 2073 6964 6520 736c ight box side sl\n-00018bc0: 6963 6573 2028 6576 6572 7920 736c 6963 ices (every slic\n-00018bd0: 6520 6578 6365 7074 0a20 2020 2020 2020 e except. \n-00018be0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 the\n-00018bf0: 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 6529 2077 center slice) w\n-00018c00: 696c 6c20 6f76 6572 6c61 7920 7468 6520 ill overlay the \n-00018c10: 6672 616d 6520 626f 780a 2020 2020 2020 frame box. \n-00018c20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7369 si\n-00018c30: 6465 2073 6c69 6365 732e 2020 416e 6420 de slices. And \n-00018c40: 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 the center slice\n-00018c50: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 of the. \n-00018c60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6869 6768 high\n-00018c70: 6c69 6768 7420 626f 7820 6361 6e20 6d6f light box can mo\n-00018c80: 7665 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2077 6179 2028 ve all the way (\n-00018c90: 6672 6f6d 2074 6f70 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 from top to. \n+00017e80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4772 6561 7465 7220 ------..Greater \n+00017e90: 6375 7374 6f6d 697a 6162 696c 6974 7920 customizability \n+00017ea0: 636f 6d65 7320 6973 2070 726f 7669 6465 comes is provide\n+00017eb0: 6420 6279 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 732e d by components.\n+00017ec0: 2020 4120 7472 6565 206f 660a 636f 6d70 A tree of.comp\n+00017ed0: 6f6e 656e 7473 2066 6f72 6d73 2074 6865 onents forms the\n+00017ee0: 2075 7365 7220 696e 7465 7266 6163 652e user interface.\n+00017ef0: 2020 2a43 6f6e 7461 696e 6572 732a 2061 *Containers* a\n+00017f00: 7265 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 7468 re components th\n+00017f10: 6174 0a63 616e 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 206f at.can contain o\n+00017f20: 7468 6572 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 732c ther components,\n+00017f30: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 616c and there is al\n+00017f40: 7761 7973 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 726f ways a single ro\n+00017f50: 6f74 0a63 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2077 6869 ot.component whi\n+00017f60: 6368 2069 7320 616e 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 ch is an instanc\n+00017f70: 6520 6f66 2061 202a 6361 6e76 6173 2a20 e of a *canvas* \n+00017f80: 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 722e 0a0a 2020 2043 container... C\n+00017f90: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 6172 6520 6372 omponents are cr\n+00017fa0: 6561 7465 6420 696e 2074 6865 2074 6865 eated in the the\n+00017fb0: 6d65 2066 696c 6520 6279 2070 7265 6669 me file by prefi\n+00017fc0: 7869 6e67 2074 6865 2074 7970 6520 6f66 xing the type of\n+00017fd0: 0a63 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2077 6974 6820 .component with \n+00017fe0: 6120 272b 2720 7369 676e 3a0a 0a20 2020 a '+' sign:.. \n+00017ff0: e280 9820 2b20 6c61 6265 6c20 7b20 7465 ... + label { te\n+00018000: 7874 3d22 4752 5542 2220 666f 6e74 3d22 xt=\"GRUB\" font=\"\n+00018010: 6171 7569 2031 3122 2063 6f6c 6f72 3d22 aqui 11\" color=\"\n+00018020: 2338 4646 2220 7d20 e280 990a 0a20 2020 #8FF\" } ..... \n+00018030: 7072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 206f 6620 6120 properties of a \n+00018040: 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7420 6172 6520 7370 component are sp\n+00018050: 6563 6966 6965 6420 6173 2022 6e61 6d65 ecified as \"name\n+00018060: 203d 2076 616c 7565 2220 2877 6869 7465 = value\" (white\n+00018070: 7370 6163 650a 7375 7272 6f75 6e64 696e space.surroundin\n+00018080: 6720 746f 6b65 6e73 2069 7320 6f70 7469 g tokens is opti\n+00018090: 6f6e 616c 2061 6e64 2069 7320 6967 6e6f onal and is igno\n+000180a0: 7265 6429 2077 6865 7265 202a 7661 6c75 red) where *valu\n+000180b0: 652a 206d 6179 2062 653a 0a20 2020 e280 e* may be:. ..\n+000180c0: a220 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 2077 6f72 6420 . a single word \n+000180d0: 2865 2e67 2e2c 2022 616c 6967 6e20 3d20 (e.g., \"align = \n+000180e0: 6365 6e74 6572 222c 2022 636f 6c6f 7220 center\", \"color \n+000180f0: 3d20 2346 4638 3038 3022 292c 0a20 2020 = #FF8080\"),. \n+00018100: e280 a220 6120 7175 6f74 6564 2073 7472 ... a quoted str\n+00018110: 696e 6720 2865 2e67 2e2c 2022 7465 7874 ing (e.g., \"text\n+00018120: 203d 2022 4865 6c6c 6f2c 2057 6f72 6c64 = \"Hello, World\n+00018130: 2122 2229 2c20 6f72 0a20 2020 e280 a220 !\"\"), or. ... \n+00018140: 6120 7475 706c 6520 2865 2e67 2e2c 2022 a tuple (e.g., \"\n+00018150: 7072 6566 6572 7265 645f 7369 7a65 203d preferred_size =\n+00018160: 2028 3132 302c 2038 3029 2229 2e0a 0a37 (120, 80)\")...7\n+00018170: 2e33 2e35 2043 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 204c .3.5 Component L\n+00018180: 6973 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ist.------------\n+00018190: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 666f --------..The fo\n+000181a0: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6973 2061 206c 6973 llowing is a lis\n+000181b0: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 t of the compone\n+000181c0: 6e74 7320 616e 6420 7468 6520 7072 6f70 nts and the prop\n+000181d0: 6572 7469 6573 2074 6865 790a 7375 7070 erties they.supp\n+000181e0: 6f72 742e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 206c 6162 ort... ... lab\n+000181f0: 656c 2041 206c 6162 656c 2064 6973 706c el A label displ\n+00018200: 6179 7320 6120 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 7465 ays a line of te\n+00018210: 7874 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6f70 6572 xt... Proper\n+00018220: 7469 6573 3a0a 2020 2020 2069 6420 2020 ties:. id \n+00018230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 746f Set to\n+00018240: 2022 5f5f 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 5f22 2074 \"__timeout__\" t\n+00018250: 6f20 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7468 6520 7469 o display the ti\n+00018260: 6d65 2065 6c61 7073 6564 0a20 2020 2020 me elapsed. \n+00018270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n+00018280: 6f20 616e 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c o an automatical\n+00018290: 2062 6f6f 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6566 boot of the def\n+000182a0: 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 7279 2e0a 2020 2020 ault entry.. \n+000182b0: 2074 6578 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 text \n+000182c0: 5468 6520 7465 7874 2074 6f20 6469 7370 The text to disp\n+000182d0: 6c61 792e 2020 4966 2022 6964 2220 6973 lay. If \"id\" is\n+000182e0: 2073 6574 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 set to. \n+000182f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 225f 5f74 \"__t\n+00018300: 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 2220 616e 6420 6e6f imeout__\" and no\n+00018310: 2022 7465 7874 2220 7072 6f70 6572 7479 \"text\" property\n+00018320: 2069 7320 7365 7420 7468 656e 0a20 2020 is set then. \n+00018330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018340: 2074 6865 2061 6d6f 756e 7420 6f66 2073 the amount of s\n+00018350: 6563 6f6e 6473 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 econds will be s\n+00018360: 686f 776e 2e20 2049 6620 7365 7420 746f hown. If set to\n+00018370: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00018380: 2020 2020 2022 404b 4559 4d41 505f 5348 \"@KEYMAP_SH\n+00018390: 4f52 5440 222c 2022 404b 4559 4d41 505f ORT@\", \"@KEYMAP_\n+000183a0: 4d49 4444 4c45 4022 206f 720a 2020 2020 MIDDLE@\" or. \n+000183b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000183c0: 2240 4b45 594d 4150 5f4c 4f4e 4740 2220 \"@KEYMAP_LONG@\" \n+000183d0: 7468 656e 2070 7265 6465 6669 6e65 6420 then predefined \n+000183e0: 686f 746b 6579 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 hotkey. \n+000183f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e66 6f72 infor\n+00018400: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 mation will be s\n+00018410: 686f 776e 2e0a 2020 2020 2066 6f6e 7420 hown.. font \n+00018420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 666f The fo\n+00018430: 6e74 2074 6f20 7573 6520 666f 7220 7465 nt to use for te\n+00018440: 7874 2064 6973 706c 6179 2e0a 2020 2020 xt display.. \n+00018450: 2063 6f6c 6f72 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 color \n+00018460: 5468 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 6f66 2074 6865 The color of the\n+00018470: 2074 6578 742e 0a20 2020 2020 616c 6967 text.. alig\n+00018480: 6e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2068 n The h\n+00018490: 6f72 697a 6f6e 7461 6c20 616c 6967 6e6d orizontal alignm\n+000184a0: 656e 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6578 7420 ent of the text \n+000184b0: 7769 7468 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 within the. \n+000184c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 c\n+000184d0: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2e20 204f 7074 696f omponent. Optio\n+000184e0: 6e73 2061 7265 2022 6c65 6674 222c 2022 ns are \"left\", \"\n+000184f0: 6365 6e74 6572 2220 616e 640a 2020 2020 center\" and. \n+00018500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018510: 2272 6967 6874 222e 0a20 2020 2020 7669 \"right\".. vi\n+00018520: 7369 626c 6520 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 sible Set\n+00018530: 2074 6f20 2266 616c 7365 2220 746f 2068 to \"false\" to h\n+00018540: 6964 6520 7468 6520 6c61 6265 6c2e 0a0a ide the label...\n+00018550: 2020 20e2 80a2 2069 6d61 6765 2041 2063 ... image A c\n+00018560: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2074 6861 7420 6469 omponent that di\n+00018570: 7370 6c61 7973 2061 6e20 696d 6167 652e splays an image.\n+00018580: 2020 5468 6520 696d 6167 6520 6973 2073 The image is s\n+00018590: 6361 6c65 6420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6669 caled to. fi\n+000185a0: 7420 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742e t the component.\n+000185b0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2050 726f 7065 7274 6965 .. Propertie\n+000185c0: 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 2020 s:.. file \n+000185d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 6675 6c6c The full\n+000185e0: 2070 6174 6820 746f 2074 6865 2069 6d61 path to the ima\n+000185f0: 6765 2066 696c 6520 746f 206c 6f61 642e ge file to load.\n+00018600: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2070 726f 6772 6573 .. ... progres\n+00018610: 735f 6261 7220 4469 7370 6c61 7973 2061 s_bar Displays a\n+00018620: 2068 6f72 697a 6f6e 7461 6c6c 7920 6f72 horizontally or\n+00018630: 6965 6e74 6564 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 iented progress \n+00018640: 6261 722e 2020 4974 2063 616e 0a20 2020 bar. It can. \n+00018650: 2020 6265 2072 656e 6465 7265 6420 7573 be rendered us\n+00018660: 696e 6720 7369 6d70 6c65 2073 6f6c 6964 ing simple solid\n+00018670: 2066 696c 6c65 6420 7265 6374 616e 676c filled rectangl\n+00018680: 6573 2c20 6f72 2075 7369 6e67 2061 2070 es, or using a p\n+00018690: 6169 720a 2020 2020 206f 6620 7069 786d air. of pixm\n+000186a0: 6170 2073 7479 6c65 6420 626f 7865 732e ap styled boxes.\n+000186b0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2050 726f 7065 7274 6965 .. Propertie\n+000186c0: 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2069 6420 2020 2020 s:.. id \n+000186d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 746f 2022 Set to \"\n+000186e0: 5f5f 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 5f22 2074 6f20 __timeout__\" to \n+000186f0: 6469 7370 6c61 7920 7468 6520 7469 6d65 display the time\n+00018700: 2065 6c61 7073 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 elapsed. \n+00018710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6f20 to \n+00018720: 616e 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 2062 an automatical b\n+00018730: 6f6f 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 oot of the defau\n+00018740: 6c74 2065 6e74 7279 2e0a 2020 2020 2066 lt entry.. f\n+00018750: 675f 636f 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 2020 5468 g_color Th\n+00018760: 6520 666f 7265 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6c e foreground col\n+00018770: 6f72 2066 6f72 2070 6c61 696e 2073 6f6c or for plain sol\n+00018780: 6964 2063 6f6c 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 id color. \n+00018790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 656e ren\n+000187a0: 6465 7269 6e67 2e0a 2020 2020 2062 675f dering.. bg_\n+000187b0: 636f 6c6f 7220 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 color The \n+000187c0: 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6c 6f72 background color\n+000187d0: 2066 6f72 2070 6c61 696e 2073 6f6c 6964 for plain solid\n+000187e0: 2063 6f6c 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 color. \n+000187f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 656e 6465 rende\n+00018800: 7269 6e67 2e0a 2020 2020 2062 6f72 6465 ring.. borde\n+00018810: 725f 636f 6c6f 7220 2020 5468 6520 626f r_color The bo\n+00018820: 7264 6572 2063 6f6c 6f72 2066 6f72 2070 rder color for p\n+00018830: 6c61 696e 2073 6f6c 6964 2063 6f6c 6f72 lain solid color\n+00018840: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00018850: 2020 2020 2072 656e 6465 7269 6e67 2e0a rendering..\n+00018860: 2020 2020 2074 6578 745f 636f 6c6f 7220 text_color \n+00018870: 2020 2020 5468 6520 7465 7874 2063 6f6c The text col\n+00018880: 6f72 2e0a 2020 2020 2062 6172 5f73 7479 or.. bar_sty\n+00018890: 6c65 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 7374 796c le The styl\n+000188a0: 6564 2062 6f78 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 ed box specifica\n+000188b0: 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2066 7261 tion for the fra\n+000188c0: 6d65 206f 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 me of. \n+000188d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 7072 the pr\n+000188e0: 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 2e20 2045 7861 ogress bar. Exa\n+000188f0: 6d70 6c65 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mple:. \n+00018900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2270 726f 6772 \"progr\n+00018910: 6573 735f 6672 616d 655f 2a2e 706e 6722 ess_frame_*.png\"\n+00018920: 2049 6620 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6973 If the value is\n+00018930: 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 equal to. \n+00018940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2268 \"h\n+00018950: 6967 686c 6967 6874 5f73 7479 6c65 2220 ighlight_style\" \n+00018960: 7468 656e 206e 6f20 7374 796c 6564 2062 then no styled b\n+00018970: 6f78 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 oxes will be. \n+00018980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018990: 2073 686f 776e 2e0a 2020 2020 2068 6967 shown.. hig\n+000189a0: 686c 6967 6874 5f73 7479 6c65 5468 6520 hlight_styleThe \n+000189b0: 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 2073 7065 6369 styled box speci\n+000189c0: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 fication for the\n+000189d0: 2068 6967 686c 6967 6874 6564 0a20 2020 highlighted. \n+000189e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000189f0: 2072 6567 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2070 region of the p\n+00018a00: 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 722e 2020 5468 rogress bar. Th\n+00018a10: 6973 2062 6f78 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 is box will be. \n+00018a20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018a30: 2020 2075 7365 6420 746f 2070 6169 6e74 used to paint\n+00018a40: 206a 7573 7420 7468 6520 6869 6768 6c69 just the highli\n+00018a50: 6768 7465 6420 7265 6769 6f6e 206f 6620 ghted region of \n+00018a60: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+00018a70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6261 722c 2061 6e64 bar, and\n+00018a80: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2069 6e63 7265 6173 will be increas\n+00018a90: 6564 2069 6e20 7369 7a65 2061 7320 7468 ed in size as th\n+00018aa0: 6520 6261 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e bar. \n+00018ab0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 6172 7320 nears \n+00018ac0: 636f 6d70 6c65 7469 6f6e 2e20 2045 7861 completion. Exa\n+00018ad0: 6d70 6c65 3a20 2270 726f 6772 6573 735f mple: \"progress_\n+00018ae0: 686c 5f2a 2e70 6e67 222e 0a20 2020 2020 hl_*.png\".. \n+00018af0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 I\n+00018b00: 6620 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6973 2065 f the value is e\n+00018b10: 7175 616c 2074 6f20 2262 6172 5f73 7479 qual to \"bar_sty\n+00018b20: 6c65 2220 7468 656e 206e 6f0a 2020 2020 le\" then no. \n+00018b30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018b40: 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 6573 2077 696c styled boxes wil\n+00018b50: 6c20 6265 2073 686f 776e 2e0a 2020 2020 l be shown.. \n+00018b60: 2068 6967 686c 6967 6874 5f6f 7665 726c highlight_overl\n+00018b70: 6179 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e ayIf this option\n+00018b80: 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 2022 7472 7565 is set to \"true\n+00018b90: 2220 7468 656e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 \" then the. \n+00018ba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 h\n+00018bb0: 6967 686c 6967 6874 2062 6f78 2073 6964 ighlight box sid\n+00018bc0: 6520 736c 6963 6573 2028 6576 6572 7920 e slices (every \n+00018bd0: 736c 6963 6520 6578 6365 7074 0a20 2020 slice except. \n+00018be0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018bf0: 2074 6865 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 the center slic\n+00018c00: 6529 2077 696c 6c20 6f76 6572 6c61 7920 e) will overlay \n+00018c10: 7468 6520 6672 616d 6520 626f 780a 2020 the frame box. \n+00018c20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018c30: 2020 7369 6465 2073 6c69 6365 732e 2020 side slices. \n+00018c40: 416e 6420 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 2073 And the center s\n+00018c50: 6c69 6365 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 lice of the. \n+00018c60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018c70: 6869 6768 6c69 6768 7420 626f 7820 6361 highlight box ca\n+00018c80: 6e20 6d6f 7665 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2077 n move all the w\n+00018c90: 6179 2028 6672 6f6d 2074 6f70 2074 6f0a ay (from top to.\n 00018ca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018cb0: 626f 7474 6f6d 292c 2062 6569 6e67 2064 bottom), being d\n-00018cc0: 7261 776e 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6365 6e74 rawn on the cent\n-00018cd0: 6572 2073 6c69 6365 206f 6620 7468 650a er slice of the.\n-00018ce0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018cf0: 2020 2020 6672 616d 6520 626f 782e 2020 frame box. \n-00018d00: 5468 6174 2077 6179 2077 6520 6361 6e20 That way we can \n-00018d10: 6d61 6b65 2061 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 make a progress \n-00018d20: 6261 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 bar. \n-00018d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7769 7468 2072 6f75 with rou\n-00018d40: 6e64 2d73 6861 7065 6420 6564 6765 7320 nd-shaped edges \n-00018d50: 736f 2074 6865 7265 2077 6f6e 2774 2062 so there won't b\n-00018d60: 6520 6120 6672 6565 0a20 2020 2020 2020 e a free. \n-00018d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7061 spa\n-00018d80: 6365 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6869 6768 ce from the high\n-00018d90: 6c69 6768 7420 746f 2074 6865 2066 7261 light to the fra\n-00018da0: 6d65 2069 6e20 746f 7020 616e 640a 2020 me in top and. \n-00018db0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018dc0: 2020 626f 7474 6f6d 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 bottom scrollb\n-00018dd0: 6172 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e73 2e20 2044 ar positions. D\n-00018de0: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 2266 616c 7365 efault is \"false\n-00018df0: 222e 0a20 2020 2020 666f 6e74 2020 2020 \".. font \n-00018e00: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2066 6f6e 7420 The font \n-00018e10: 746f 2075 7365 2066 6f72 2070 726f 6772 to use for progr\n-00018e20: 6573 7320 6261 722e 0a20 2020 2020 7465 ess bar.. te\n-00018e30: 7874 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 xt The\n-00018e40: 2074 6578 7420 746f 2064 6973 706c 6179 text to display\n-00018e50: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7072 6f67 7265 7373 on the progress\n-00018e60: 2062 6172 2e20 2049 6620 7468 650a 2020 bar. If the. \n-00018e70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018e80: 2020 7072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 6172 2773 progress bar's\n-00018e90: 2049 4420 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 225f ID is set to \"_\n-00018ea0: 5f74 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 2220 616e 640a _timeout__\" and.\n-00018eb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018ec0: 2020 2020 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 the value of\n-00018ed0: 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f70 6572 7479 2069 this property i\n-00018ee0: 7320 7365 7420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 2020 s set to. \n-00018ef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 4054 \"@T\n-00018f00: 494d 454f 5554 5f4e 4f54 4946 4943 4154 IMEOUT_NOTIFICAT\n-00018f10: 494f 4e5f 5348 4f52 5440 222c 0a20 2020 ION_SHORT@\",. \n-00018f20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00018f30: 2022 4054 494d 454f 5554 5f4e 4f54 4946 \"@TIMEOUT_NOTIF\n-00018f40: 4943 4154 494f 4e5f 4d49 4444 4c45 4022 ICATION_MIDDLE@\"\n-00018f50: 206f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 or. \n-00018f60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2240 5449 4d45 4f55 \"@TIMEOU\n-00018f70: 545f 4e4f 5449 4649 4341 5449 4f4e 5f4c T_NOTIFICATION_L\n-00018f80: 4f4e 4740 222c 2074 6865 6e20 4752 5542 ONG@\", then GRUB\n-00018f90: 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 will. \n-00018fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7570 6461 7465 update\n-00018fb0: 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f70 6572 7479 2077 this property w\n-00018fc0: 6974 6820 616e 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 ith an informati\n-00018fd0: 7665 206d 6573 7361 6765 0a20 2020 2020 ve message. \n-00018fe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 a\n-00018ff0: 7320 7468 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 6170 s the timeout ap\n-00019000: 7072 6f61 6368 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 proaches... ..\n-00019010: a220 6369 7263 756c 6172 5f70 726f 6772 . circular_progr\n-00019020: 6573 7320 4469 7370 6c61 7973 2061 2063 ess Displays a c\n-00019030: 6972 6375 6c61 7220 7072 6f67 7265 7373 ircular progress\n-00019040: 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6f72 2e20 2054 6865 indicator. The\n-00019050: 0a20 2020 2020 6170 7065 6172 616e 6365 . appearance\n-00019060: 206f 6620 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 of this compone\n-00019070: 6e74 2069 7320 6465 7465 726d 696e 6564 nt is determined\n-00019080: 2062 7920 7477 6f20 696d 6167 6573 3a20 by two images: \n-00019090: 7468 650a 2020 2020 202a 6365 6e74 6572 the. *center\n-000190a0: 2a20 696d 6167 6520 616e 6420 7468 6520 * image and the \n-000190b0: 2a74 6963 6b2a 2069 6d61 6765 2e20 2054 *tick* image. T\n-000190c0: 6865 2063 656e 7465 7220 696d 6167 6520 he center image \n-000190d0: 6973 2067 656e 6572 616c 6c79 0a20 2020 is generally. \n-000190e0: 2020 6c61 7267 6572 2061 6e64 2077 696c larger and wil\n-000190f0: 6c20 6265 2064 7261 776e 2069 6e20 7468 l be drawn in th\n-00019100: 6520 6365 6e74 6572 206f 6620 7468 6520 e center of the \n-00019110: 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742e 2020 4172 6f75 component. Arou\n-00019120: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6369 7263 nd. the circ\n-00019130: 756d 6665 7265 6e63 6520 6f66 2061 2063 umference of a c\n-00019140: 6972 636c 6520 7769 7468 696e 2074 6865 ircle within the\n-00019150: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2c20 7468 6520 component, the \n-00019160: 7469 636b 2069 6d61 6765 0a20 2020 2020 tick image. \n-00019170: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6472 6177 6e20 6120 will be drawn a \n-00019180: 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f certain number o\n-00019190: 6620 7469 6d65 732c 2064 6570 656e 6469 f times, dependi\n-000191a0: 6e67 206f 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2070 ng on the. p\n-000191b0: 726f 7065 7274 6965 7320 6f66 2074 6865 roperties of the\n-000191c0: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2e0a 0a20 2020 component... \n-000191d0: 2020 5072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 3a0a 0a20 Properties:.. \n-000191e0: 2020 2020 6964 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 id \n-000191f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 2074 Set t\n-00019200: 6f20 225f 5f74 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 2220 o \"__timeout__\" \n-00019210: 746f 2064 6973 706c 6179 2074 6865 2074 to display the t\n-00019220: 696d 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ime. \n+00018cb0: 2020 2020 626f 7474 6f6d 292c 2062 6569 bottom), bei\n+00018cc0: 6e67 2064 7261 776e 206f 6e20 7468 6520 ng drawn on the \n+00018cd0: 6365 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 206f 6620 center slice of \n+00018ce0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+00018cf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6672 616d 6520 626f frame bo\n+00018d00: 782e 2020 5468 6174 2077 6179 2077 6520 x. That way we \n+00018d10: 6361 6e20 6d61 6b65 2061 2070 726f 6772 can make a progr\n+00018d20: 6573 7320 6261 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ess bar. \n+00018d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7769 7468 with\n+00018d40: 2072 6f75 6e64 2d73 6861 7065 6420 6564 round-shaped ed\n+00018d50: 6765 7320 736f 2074 6865 7265 2077 6f6e ges so there won\n+00018d60: 2774 2062 6520 6120 6672 6565 0a20 2020 't be a free. \n+00018d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018d80: 2073 7061 6365 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 space from the \n+00018d90: 6869 6768 6c69 6768 7420 746f 2074 6865 highlight to the\n+00018da0: 2066 7261 6d65 2069 6e20 746f 7020 616e frame in top an\n+00018db0: 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d. \n+00018dc0: 2020 2020 2020 626f 7474 6f6d 2073 6372 bottom scr\n+00018dd0: 6f6c 6c62 6172 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e73 ollbar positions\n+00018de0: 2e20 2044 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 2266 . Default is \"f\n+00018df0: 616c 7365 222e 0a20 2020 2020 666f 6e74 alse\".. font\n+00018e00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2066 The f\n+00018e10: 6f6e 7420 746f 2075 7365 2066 6f72 2070 ont to use for p\n+00018e20: 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 722e 0a20 2020 rogress bar.. \n+00018e30: 2020 7465 7874 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 text \n+00018e40: 2054 6865 2074 6578 7420 746f 2064 6973 The text to dis\n+00018e50: 706c 6179 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7072 6f67 play on the prog\n+00018e60: 7265 7373 2062 6172 2e20 2049 6620 7468 ress bar. If th\n+00018e70: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e. \n+00018e80: 2020 2020 2020 7072 6f67 7265 7373 2062 progress b\n+00018e90: 6172 2773 2049 4420 6973 2073 6574 2074 ar's ID is set t\n+00018ea0: 6f20 225f 5f74 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 2220 o \"__timeout__\" \n+00018eb0: 616e 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 and. \n+00018ec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 7661 6c75 the valu\n+00018ed0: 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f70 6572 e of this proper\n+00018ee0: 7479 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 0a20 2020 ty is set to. \n+00018ef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018f00: 2022 4054 494d 454f 5554 5f4e 4f54 4946 \"@TIMEOUT_NOTIF\n+00018f10: 4943 4154 494f 4e5f 5348 4f52 5440 222c ICATION_SHORT@\",\n+00018f20: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00018f30: 2020 2020 2022 4054 494d 454f 5554 5f4e \"@TIMEOUT_N\n+00018f40: 4f54 4946 4943 4154 494f 4e5f 4d49 4444 OTIFICATION_MIDD\n+00018f50: 4c45 4022 206f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 LE@\" or. \n+00018f60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2240 5449 \"@TI\n+00018f70: 4d45 4f55 545f 4e4f 5449 4649 4341 5449 MEOUT_NOTIFICATI\n+00018f80: 4f4e 5f4c 4f4e 4740 222c 2074 6865 6e20 ON_LONG@\", then \n+00018f90: 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 GRUB will. \n+00018fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7570 up\n+00018fb0: 6461 7465 2074 6869 7320 7072 6f70 6572 date this proper\n+00018fc0: 7479 2077 6974 6820 616e 2069 6e66 6f72 ty with an infor\n+00018fd0: 6d61 7469 7665 206d 6573 7361 6765 0a20 mative message. \n+00018fe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00018ff0: 2020 2061 7320 7468 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 as the timeou\n+00019000: 7420 6170 7072 6f61 6368 6573 2e0a 0a20 t approaches... \n+00019010: 2020 e280 a220 6369 7263 756c 6172 5f70 ... circular_p\n+00019020: 726f 6772 6573 7320 4469 7370 6c61 7973 rogress Displays\n+00019030: 2061 2063 6972 6375 6c61 7220 7072 6f67 a circular prog\n+00019040: 7265 7373 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6f72 2e20 ress indicator. \n+00019050: 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6170 7065 6172 The. appear\n+00019060: 616e 6365 206f 6620 7468 6973 2063 6f6d ance of this com\n+00019070: 706f 6e65 6e74 2069 7320 6465 7465 726d ponent is determ\n+00019080: 696e 6564 2062 7920 7477 6f20 696d 6167 ined by two imag\n+00019090: 6573 3a20 7468 650a 2020 2020 202a 6365 es: the. *ce\n+000190a0: 6e74 6572 2a20 696d 6167 6520 616e 6420 nter* image and \n+000190b0: 7468 6520 2a74 6963 6b2a 2069 6d61 6765 the *tick* image\n+000190c0: 2e20 2054 6865 2063 656e 7465 7220 696d . The center im\n+000190d0: 6167 6520 6973 2067 656e 6572 616c 6c79 age is generally\n+000190e0: 0a20 2020 2020 6c61 7267 6572 2061 6e64 . larger and\n+000190f0: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2064 7261 776e 2069 will be drawn i\n+00019100: 6e20 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 206f 6620 n the center of \n+00019110: 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742e 2020 the component. \n+00019120: 4172 6f75 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 Around. the \n+00019130: 6369 7263 756d 6665 7265 6e63 6520 6f66 circumference of\n+00019140: 2061 2063 6972 636c 6520 7769 7468 696e a circle within\n+00019150: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2c20 the component, \n+00019160: 7468 6520 7469 636b 2069 6d61 6765 0a20 the tick image. \n+00019170: 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6472 6177 will be draw\n+00019180: 6e20 6120 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6e75 6d62 n a certain numb\n+00019190: 6572 206f 6620 7469 6d65 732c 2064 6570 er of times, dep\n+000191a0: 656e 6469 6e67 206f 6e20 7468 650a 2020 ending on the. \n+000191b0: 2020 2070 726f 7065 7274 6965 7320 6f66 properties of\n+000191c0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2e0a the component..\n+000191d0: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 . Properties\n+000191e0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6964 2020 2020 2020 :.. id \n+000191f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 S\n+00019200: 6574 2074 6f20 225f 5f74 696d 656f 7574 et to \"__timeout\n+00019210: 5f5f 2220 746f 2064 6973 706c 6179 2074 __\" to display t\n+00019220: 6865 2074 696d 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 he time. \n 00019230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019240: 656c 6170 7365 6420 746f 2061 6e20 6175 elapsed to an au\n-00019250: 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c20 626f 6f74 206f tomatical boot o\n-00019260: 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 f the. \n+00019240: 2020 2020 656c 6170 7365 6420 746f 2061 elapsed to a\n+00019250: 6e20 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c20 626f n automatical bo\n+00019260: 6f74 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 ot of the. \n 00019270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019280: 2020 6465 6661 756c 7420 656e 7472 792e default entry.\n-00019290: 0a20 2020 2020 6365 6e74 6572 5f62 6974 . center_bit\n-000192a0: 6d61 7020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 map The\n-000192b0: 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 7468 file name of th\n-000192c0: 6520 696d 6167 6520 746f 2064 7261 7720 e image to draw \n-000192d0: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 in the. \n+00019280: 2020 2020 2020 6465 6661 756c 7420 656e default en\n+00019290: 7472 792e 0a20 2020 2020 6365 6e74 6572 try.. center\n+000192a0: 5f62 6974 6d61 7020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _bitmap \n+000192b0: 2054 6865 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 206f The file name o\n+000192c0: 6620 7468 6520 696d 6167 6520 746f 2064 f the image to d\n+000192d0: 7261 7720 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 raw in the. \n 000192e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000192f0: 2020 2063 656e 7465 7220 6f66 2074 6865 center of the\n-00019300: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2e0a 2020 2020 component.. \n-00019310: 2074 6963 6b5f 6269 746d 6170 2020 2020 tick_bitmap \n-00019320: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 6669 6c65 The file\n-00019330: 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2069 6d61 name of the ima\n-00019340: 6765 2074 6f20 6472 6177 2066 6f72 0a20 ge to draw for. \n-00019350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2074 the t\n-00019370: 6963 6b20 6d61 726b 732e 0a20 2020 2020 ick marks.. \n-00019380: 6e75 6d5f 7469 636b 7320 2020 2020 2020 num_ticks \n-00019390: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 206e 756d 6265 The numbe\n-000193a0: 7220 6f66 2074 6963 6b73 2074 6861 7420 r of ticks that \n-000193b0: 6d61 6b65 2075 7020 6120 6675 6c6c 0a20 make up a full. \n-000193c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000193d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6972 636c circl\n-000193e0: 652e 0a20 2020 2020 7469 636b 735f 6469 e.. ticks_di\n-000193f0: 7361 7070 6561 7220 2020 2020 2020 2042 sappear B\n-00019400: 6f6f 6c65 616e 2076 616c 7565 2069 6e64 oolean value ind\n-00019410: 6963 6174 696e 6720 7768 6574 6865 7220 icating whether \n-00019420: 7469 636b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tick. \n+000192f0: 2020 2020 2020 2063 656e 7465 7220 6f66 center of\n+00019300: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2e0a the component..\n+00019310: 2020 2020 2074 6963 6b5f 6269 746d 6170 tick_bitmap\n+00019320: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 The \n+00019330: 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 file name of the\n+00019340: 2069 6d61 6765 2074 6f20 6472 6177 2066 image to draw f\n+00019350: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 or. \n+00019360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n+00019370: 6865 2074 6963 6b20 6d61 726b 732e 0a20 he tick marks.. \n+00019380: 2020 2020 6e75 6d5f 7469 636b 7320 2020 num_ticks \n+00019390: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 206e The n\n+000193a0: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2074 6963 6b73 2074 umber of ticks t\n+000193b0: 6861 7420 6d61 6b65 2075 7020 6120 6675 hat make up a fu\n+000193c0: 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ll. \n+000193d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 c\n+000193e0: 6972 636c 652e 0a20 2020 2020 7469 636b ircle.. tick\n+000193f0: 735f 6469 7361 7070 6561 7220 2020 2020 s_disappear \n+00019400: 2020 2042 6f6f 6c65 616e 2076 616c 7565 Boolean value\n+00019410: 2069 6e64 6963 6174 696e 6720 7768 6574 indicating whet\n+00019420: 6865 7220 7469 636b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 her tick. \n 00019430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019440: 206d 6172 6b73 2073 686f 756c 6420 7072 marks should pr\n-00019450: 6f67 7265 7373 6976 656c 7920 6170 7065 ogressively appe\n-00019460: 6172 2c20 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ar, or. \n+00019440: 2020 2020 206d 6172 6b73 2073 686f 756c marks shoul\n+00019450: 6420 7072 6f67 7265 7373 6976 656c 7920 d progressively \n+00019460: 6170 7065 6172 2c20 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 appear, or. \n 00019470: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019480: 2020 2070 726f 6772 6573 7369 7665 6c79 progressively\n-00019490: 2064 6973 6170 7065 6172 2061 7320 2a76 disappear as *v\n-000194a0: 616c 7565 2a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 alue*. \n+00019480: 2020 2020 2020 2070 726f 6772 6573 7369 progressi\n+00019490: 7665 6c79 2064 6973 6170 7065 6172 2061 vely disappear a\n+000194a0: 7320 2a76 616c 7565 2a0a 2020 2020 2020 s *value*. \n 000194b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000194c0: 2020 6170 7072 6f61 6368 6573 202a 656e approaches *en\n-000194d0: 642a 2e20 2053 7065 6369 6679 2022 7472 d*. Specify \"tr\n-000194e0: 7565 2220 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ue\" or. \n+000194c0: 2020 2020 2020 6170 7072 6f61 6368 6573 approaches\n+000194d0: 202a 656e 642a 2e20 2053 7065 6369 6679 *end*. Specify\n+000194e0: 2022 7472 7565 2220 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 \"true\" or. \n 000194f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019500: 2020 2022 6661 6c73 6522 2e20 2044 6566 \"false\". Def\n-00019510: 6175 6c74 2069 7320 2266 616c 7365 222e ault is \"false\".\n-00019520: 0a20 2020 2020 7374 6172 745f 616e 676c . start_angl\n-00019530: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 e The\n-00019540: 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 position of the\n-00019550: 2066 6972 7374 2074 6963 6b20 6d61 726b first tick mark\n-00019560: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 to. \n+00019500: 2020 2020 2020 2022 6661 6c73 6522 2e20 \"false\". \n+00019510: 2044 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 2266 616c Default is \"fal\n+00019520: 7365 222e 0a20 2020 2020 7374 6172 745f se\".. start_\n+00019530: 616e 676c 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 angle \n+00019540: 2054 6865 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 The position of\n+00019550: 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2074 6963 6b20 the first tick \n+00019560: 6d61 726b 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 mark to. \n 00019570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019580: 6170 7065 6172 206f 7220 6469 7361 7070 appear or disapp\n-00019590: 6561 722e 2020 4d65 6173 7572 6564 2069 ear. Measured i\n-000195a0: 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n. \n-000195b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2270 \"p\n-000195c0: 6172 726f 7473 222c 2031 2022 7061 7272 arrots\", 1 \"parr\n-000195d0: 6f74 2220 3d20 3120 2f20 3235 3620 6f66 ot\" = 1 / 256 of\n-000195e0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+00019580: 2020 2020 6170 7065 6172 206f 7220 6469 appear or di\n+00019590: 7361 7070 6561 722e 2020 4d65 6173 7572 sappear. Measur\n+000195a0: 6564 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ed in. \n+000195b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000195c0: 2020 2270 6172 726f 7473 222c 2031 2022 \"parrots\", 1 \"\n+000195d0: 7061 7272 6f74 2220 3d20 3120 2f20 3235 parrot\" = 1 / 25\n+000195e0: 3620 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 6 of the. \n 000195f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019600: 2066 756c 6c20 6369 7263 6c65 2e20 2055 full circle. U\n-00019610: 7365 2076 616c 7565 7320 2278 7878 2064 se values \"xxx d\n-00019620: 6567 2220 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 eg\" or. \n+00019600: 2020 2020 2066 756c 6c20 6369 7263 6c65 full circle\n+00019610: 2e20 2055 7365 2076 616c 7565 7320 2278 . Use values \"x\n+00019620: 7878 2064 6567 2220 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 xx deg\" or. \n 00019630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019640: 2020 2022 7878 7820 5c78 6332 5c78 6230 \"xxx \\xc2\\xb0\n-00019650: 2220 746f 2073 6574 2074 6865 2061 6e67 \" to set the ang\n-00019660: 6c65 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 le in. \n+00019640: 2020 2020 2020 2022 7878 7820 5c78 6332 \"xxx \\xc2\n+00019650: 5c78 6230 2220 746f 2073 6574 2074 6865 \\xb0\" to set the\n+00019660: 2061 6e67 6c65 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 angle in. \n 00019670: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019680: 2020 6465 6772 6565 732e 0a0a 2020 20e2 degrees... .\n-00019690: 80a2 2062 6f6f 745f 6d65 6e75 2044 6973 .. boot_menu Dis\n-000196a0: 706c 6179 7320 7468 6520 4752 5542 2062 plays the GRUB b\n-000196b0: 6f6f 7420 6d65 6e75 2e20 2049 7420 616c oot menu. It al\n-000196c0: 6c6f 7773 2073 656c 6563 7469 6e67 2069 lows selecting i\n-000196d0: 7465 6d73 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 6578 tems. and ex\n-000196e0: 6563 7574 696e 6720 7468 656d 2e0a 0a20 ecuting them... \n-000196f0: 2020 2020 5072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 3a0a Properties:.\n-00019700: 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f66 6f6e 7420 . item_font \n-00019710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019720: 2020 2020 5468 6520 666f 6e74 2074 6f20 The font to \n-00019730: 7573 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 use for the menu\n-00019740: 2069 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 item. \n+00019680: 2020 2020 2020 6465 6772 6565 732e 0a0a degrees...\n+00019690: 2020 20e2 80a2 2062 6f6f 745f 6d65 6e75 ... boot_menu\n+000196a0: 2044 6973 706c 6179 7320 7468 6520 4752 Displays the GR\n+000196b0: 5542 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 6e75 2e20 2049 UB boot menu. I\n+000196c0: 7420 616c 6c6f 7773 2073 656c 6563 7469 t allows selecti\n+000196d0: 6e67 2069 7465 6d73 0a20 2020 2020 616e ng items. an\n+000196e0: 6420 6578 6563 7574 696e 6720 7468 656d d executing them\n+000196f0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6f70 6572 7469 ... Properti\n+00019700: 6573 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f66 es:.. item_f\n+00019710: 6f6e 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ont \n+00019720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 666f 6e74 The font\n+00019730: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 to use for the \n+00019740: 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2020 menu item. \n 00019750: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6974 6c65 732e titles.\n-00019770: 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6c65 6374 6564 5f69 . selected_i\n-00019780: 7465 6d5f 666f 6e74 2020 2020 2020 2020 tem_font \n-00019790: 2020 2020 5468 6520 666f 6e74 2074 6f20 The font to \n-000197a0: 7573 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 7365 6c65 use for the sele\n-000197b0: 6374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 cted. \n+00019760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6974 tit\n+00019770: 6c65 732e 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6c65 6374 les.. select\n+00019780: 6564 5f69 7465 6d5f 666f 6e74 2020 2020 ed_item_font \n+00019790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 666f 6e74 The font\n+000197a0: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 to use for the \n+000197b0: 7365 6c65 6374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 selected. \n 000197c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000197d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 menu ite\n-000197e0: 6d2c 206f 7220 2269 6e68 6572 6974 2220 m, or \"inherit\" \n-000197f0: 2874 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 (the. \n+000197d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 menu\n+000197e0: 2069 7465 6d2c 206f 7220 2269 6e68 6572 item, or \"inher\n+000197f0: 6974 2220 2874 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 it\" (the. \n 00019800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019810: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6465 6661 756c 7429 default)\n-00019820: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 2269 7465 6d5f 666f to use \"item_fo\n-00019830: 6e74 2220 666f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 nt\" for. \n+00019810: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6465 6661 defa\n+00019820: 756c 7429 2074 6f20 7573 6520 2269 7465 ult) to use \"ite\n+00019830: 6d5f 666f 6e74 2220 666f 720a 2020 2020 m_font\" for. \n 00019840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2073 the s\n-00019860: 656c 6563 7465 6420 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 elected menu ite\n-00019870: 6d20 6173 2077 656c 6c2e 0a20 2020 2020 m as well.. \n-00019880: 6974 656d 5f63 6f6c 6f72 2020 2020 2020 item_color \n-00019890: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 Th\n-000198a0: 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 746f 2075 7365 2066 e color to use f\n-000198b0: 6f72 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 6974 656d or the menu item\n-000198c0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00019850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n+00019860: 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 6d65 6e75 he selected menu\n+00019870: 2069 7465 6d20 6173 2077 656c 6c2e 0a20 item as well.. \n+00019880: 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f63 6f6c 6f72 2020 item_color \n+00019890: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000198a0: 2020 5468 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 746f 2075 The color to u\n+000198b0: 7365 2066 6f72 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 se for the menu \n+000198c0: 6974 656d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 item. \n 000198d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000198e0: 2020 2020 7469 746c 6573 2e0a 2020 2020 titles.. \n-000198f0: 2073 656c 6563 7465 645f 6974 656d 5f63 selected_item_c\n-00019900: 6f6c 6f72 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 olor T\n-00019910: 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 2074 6f20 7573 6520 he color to use \n-00019920: 666f 7220 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 for the selected\n-00019930: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+000198e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7469 746c 6573 2e0a titles..\n+000198f0: 2020 2020 2073 656c 6563 7465 645f 6974 selected_it\n+00019900: 656d 5f63 6f6c 6f72 2020 2020 2020 2020 em_color \n+00019910: 2020 2054 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 2074 6f20 The color to \n+00019920: 7573 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 7365 6c65 use for the sele\n+00019930: 6374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 cted. \n 00019940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019950: 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 6d2c 206f menu item, o\n-00019960: 7220 2269 6e68 6572 6974 2220 2874 6865 r \"inherit\" (the\n-00019970: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00019950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 menu ite\n+00019960: 6d2c 206f 7220 2269 6e68 6572 6974 2220 m, or \"inherit\" \n+00019970: 2874 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 (the. \n 00019980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019990: 2020 2020 6465 6661 756c 7429 2074 6f20 default) to \n-000199a0: 7573 6520 2269 7465 6d5f 636f 6c6f 7222 use \"item_color\"\n-000199b0: 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 for. \n+00019990: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6465 6661 756c 7429 default)\n+000199a0: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 2269 7465 6d5f 636f to use \"item_co\n+000199b0: 6c6f 7222 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 2020 lor\" for. \n 000199c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000199d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 7365 6c65 the sele\n-000199e0: 6374 6564 206d 656e 7520 6974 656d 2061 cted menu item a\n-000199f0: 7320 7765 6c6c 2e0a 2020 2020 2069 636f s well.. ico\n-00019a00: 6e5f 7769 6474 6820 2020 2020 2020 2020 n_width \n-00019a10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2077 The w\n-00019a20: 6964 7468 206f 6620 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 idth of menu ite\n-00019a30: 6d20 6963 6f6e 732e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 m icons.. \n+000199d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 the \n+000199e0: 7365 6c65 6374 6564 206d 656e 7520 6974 selected menu it\n+000199f0: 656d 2061 7320 7765 6c6c 2e0a 2020 2020 em as well.. \n+00019a00: 2069 636f 6e5f 7769 6474 6820 2020 2020 icon_width \n+00019a10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 T\n+00019a20: 6865 2077 6964 7468 206f 6620 6d65 6e75 he width of menu\n+00019a30: 2069 7465 6d20 6963 6f6e 732e 0a20 2020 item icons.. \n 00019a40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4963 6f6e Icon\n-00019a60: 7320 6172 6520 7363 616c 6564 2074 6f20 s are scaled to \n-00019a70: 7468 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 640a 2020 the specified. \n-00019a80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019a60: 4963 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 7363 616c 6564 Icons are scaled\n+00019a70: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 to the specifie\n+00019a80: 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d. \n 00019a90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019aa0: 2073 697a 652e 0a20 2020 2020 6963 6f6e size.. icon\n-00019ab0: 5f68 6569 6768 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 _height \n-00019ac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 6865 The he\n-00019ad0: 6967 6874 206f 6620 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 ight of menu ite\n-00019ae0: 6d20 6963 6f6e 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6974 m icons.. it\n-00019af0: 656d 5f68 6569 6768 7420 2020 2020 2020 em_height \n-00019b00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 The \n-00019b10: 6865 6967 6874 206f 6620 6561 6368 206d height of each m\n-00019b20: 656e 7520 6974 656d 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 enu item in. \n+00019aa0: 2020 2020 2073 697a 652e 0a20 2020 2020 size.. \n+00019ab0: 6963 6f6e 5f68 6569 6768 7420 2020 2020 icon_height \n+00019ac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 Th\n+00019ad0: 6520 6865 6967 6874 206f 6620 6d65 6e75 e height of menu\n+00019ae0: 2069 7465 6d20 6963 6f6e 732e 0a20 2020 item icons.. \n+00019af0: 2020 6974 656d 5f68 6569 6768 7420 2020 item_height \n+00019b00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019b10: 5468 6520 6865 6967 6874 206f 6620 6561 The height of ea\n+00019b20: 6368 206d 656e 7520 6974 656d 2069 6e0a ch menu item in.\n 00019b30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 p\n-00019b50: 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d ixels.. item\n-00019b60: 5f70 6164 6469 6e67 2020 2020 2020 2020 _padding \n-00019b70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 616d The am\n-00019b80: 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 7370 6163 6520 696e ount of space in\n-00019b90: 2070 6978 656c 7320 746f 0a20 2020 2020 pixels to. \n+00019b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019b50: 2020 2070 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 pixels.. \n+00019b60: 6974 656d 5f70 6164 6469 6e67 2020 2020 item_padding \n+00019b70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 Th\n+00019b80: 6520 616d 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 7370 6163 e amount of spac\n+00019b90: 6520 696e 2070 6978 656c 7320 746f 0a20 e in pixels to. \n 00019ba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019bb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c65 le\n-00019bc0: 6176 6520 6f6e 2065 6163 6820 7369 6465 ave on each side\n-00019bd0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 0a20 2020 of the menu. \n-00019be0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019bb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019bc0: 2020 6c65 6176 6520 6f6e 2065 6163 6820 leave on each \n+00019bd0: 7369 6465 206f 6620 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 side of the menu\n+00019be0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 00019bf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019c00: 6974 656d 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 732e 0a20 item contents.. \n-00019c10: 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f69 636f 6e5f 7370 item_icon_sp\n-00019c20: 6163 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ace \n-00019c30: 2020 5468 6520 7370 6163 6520 6265 7477 The space betw\n-00019c40: 6565 6e20 616e 2069 7465 6d27 7320 6963 een an item's ic\n-00019c50: 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 on. \n+00019c00: 2020 2020 6974 656d 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 item content\n+00019c10: 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f69 636f s.. item_ico\n+00019c20: 6e5f 7370 6163 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 n_space \n+00019c30: 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 7370 6163 6520 The space \n+00019c40: 6265 7477 6565 6e20 616e 2069 7465 6d27 between an item'\n+00019c50: 7320 6963 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 s icon. \n 00019c60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019c70: 2020 2020 2020 616e 6420 7468 6520 7469 and the ti\n-00019c80: 746c 6520 7465 7874 2c20 696e 2070 6978 tle text, in pix\n-00019c90: 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d 5f73 els.. item_s\n-00019ca0: 7061 6369 6e67 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 pacing \n-00019cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 616d 6f75 The amou\n-00019cc0: 6e74 206f 6620 7370 6163 6520 746f 206c nt of space to l\n-00019cd0: 6561 7665 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eave. \n+00019c70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 616e 6420 7468 and th\n+00019c80: 6520 7469 746c 6520 7465 7874 2c20 696e e title text, in\n+00019c90: 2070 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6974 pixels.. it\n+00019ca0: 656d 5f73 7061 6369 6e67 2020 2020 2020 em_spacing \n+00019cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 The \n+00019cc0: 616d 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 7370 6163 6520 amount of space \n+00019cd0: 746f 206c 6561 7665 0a20 2020 2020 2020 to leave. \n 00019ce0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019cf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6265 7477 6565 6e20 between \n-00019d00: 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 6d73 2c20 696e 2070 menu items, in p\n-00019d10: 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 ixels.. menu\n-00019d20: 5f70 6978 6d61 705f 7374 796c 6520 2020 _pixmap_style \n-00019d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 696d The im\n-00019d40: 6167 6520 6669 6c65 2070 6174 7465 726e age file pattern\n-00019d50: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 for the. \n+00019cf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6265 7477 betw\n+00019d00: 6565 6e20 6d65 6e75 2069 7465 6d73 2c20 een menu items, \n+00019d10: 696e 2070 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 in pixels.. \n+00019d20: 6d65 6e75 5f70 6978 6d61 705f 7374 796c menu_pixmap_styl\n+00019d30: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 e Th\n+00019d40: 6520 696d 6167 6520 6669 6c65 2070 6174 e image file pat\n+00019d50: 7465 726e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a20 2020 tern for the. \n 00019d60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 menu\n-00019d80: 2066 7261 6d65 2073 7479 6c65 6420 626f frame styled bo\n-00019d90: 782e 2020 4578 616d 706c 653a 0a20 2020 x. Example:. \n-00019da0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019d80: 6d65 6e75 2066 7261 6d65 2073 7479 6c65 menu frame style\n+00019d90: 6420 626f 782e 2020 4578 616d 706c 653a d box. Example:\n+00019da0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 00019db0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019dc0: 226d 656e 755f 2a2e 706e 6722 2028 7468 \"menu_*.png\" (th\n-00019dd0: 6973 2077 696c 6c20 7573 6520 696d 6167 is will use imag\n-00019de0: 6573 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 es. \n+00019dc0: 2020 2020 226d 656e 755f 2a2e 706e 6722 \"menu_*.png\"\n+00019dd0: 2028 7468 6973 2077 696c 6c20 7573 6520 (this will use \n+00019de0: 696d 6167 6573 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 images. \n 00019df0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019e00: 2020 2020 2020 7375 6368 2061 7320 226d such as \"m\n-00019e10: 656e 755f 632e 706e 6722 2c0a 2020 2020 enu_c.png\",. \n+00019e00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7375 6368 2061 such a\n+00019e10: 7320 226d 656e 755f 632e 706e 6722 2c0a s \"menu_c.png\",.\n 00019e20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019e30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 \"\n-00019e40: 6d65 6e75 5f77 2e70 6e67 222c 2027 6d65 menu_w.png\", 'me\n-00019e50: 6e75 5f6e 772e 706e 6722 2c20 6574 632e nu_nw.png\", etc.\n-00019e60: 290a 2020 2020 2069 7465 6d5f 7069 786d ). item_pixm\n-00019e70: 6170 5f73 7479 6c65 2020 2020 2020 2020 ap_style \n-00019e80: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2066 The image f\n-00019e90: 696c 6520 7061 7474 6572 6e20 666f 7220 ile pattern for \n-00019ea0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+00019e30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019e40: 2020 2022 6d65 6e75 5f77 2e70 6e67 222c \"menu_w.png\",\n+00019e50: 2027 6d65 6e75 5f6e 772e 706e 6722 2c20 'menu_nw.png\", \n+00019e60: 6574 632e 290a 2020 2020 2069 7465 6d5f etc.). item_\n+00019e70: 7069 786d 6170 5f73 7479 6c65 2020 2020 pixmap_style \n+00019e80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2069 6d61 The ima\n+00019e90: 6765 2066 696c 6520 7061 7474 6572 6e20 ge file pattern \n+00019ea0: 666f 7220 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 for the. \n 00019eb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019ec0: 2020 2020 2020 2069 7465 6d20 7374 796c item styl\n-00019ed0: 6564 2062 6f78 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 656c ed box.. sel\n-00019ee0: 6563 7465 645f 6974 656d 5f70 6978 6d61 ected_item_pixma\n-00019ef0: 705f 7374 796c 6520 2020 2054 6865 2069 p_style The i\n-00019f00: 6d61 6765 2066 696c 6520 7061 7474 6572 mage file patter\n-00019f10: 6e20 666f 7220 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 n for the. \n+00019ec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 7465 6d20 item \n+00019ed0: 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 2e0a 2020 2020 styled box.. \n+00019ee0: 2073 656c 6563 7465 645f 6974 656d 5f70 selected_item_p\n+00019ef0: 6978 6d61 705f 7374 796c 6520 2020 2054 ixmap_style T\n+00019f00: 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c 6520 7061 he image file pa\n+00019f10: 7474 6572 6e20 666f 7220 7468 650a 2020 ttern for the. \n 00019f20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019f30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 656c sel\n-00019f40: 6563 7465 6420 6974 656d 2068 6967 686c ected item highl\n-00019f50: 6967 6874 2073 7479 6c65 640a 2020 2020 ight styled. \n+00019f30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019f40: 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 6974 656d 2068 selected item h\n+00019f50: 6967 686c 6967 6874 2073 7479 6c65 640a ighlight styled.\n 00019f60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019f70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 b\n-00019f80: 6f78 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 ox.. scrollb\n-00019f90: 6172 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ar \n-00019fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2042 6f6f 6c65 616e 2076 Boolean v\n-00019fb0: 616c 7565 2069 6e64 6963 6174 696e 6720 alue indicating \n-00019fc0: 7768 6574 6865 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 whether. \n+00019f70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019f80: 2020 2062 6f78 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 box.. scr\n+00019f90: 6f6c 6c62 6172 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ollbar \n+00019fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2042 6f6f 6c65 Boole\n+00019fb0: 616e 2076 616c 7565 2069 6e64 6963 6174 an value indicat\n+00019fc0: 696e 6720 7768 6574 6865 720a 2020 2020 ing whether. \n 00019fd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00019fe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2073 the s\n-00019ff0: 6372 6f6c 6c20 6261 7220 7368 6f75 6c64 croll bar should\n-0001a000: 2062 6520 6472 6177 6e20 6966 0a20 2020 be drawn if. \n-0001a010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00019fe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n+00019ff0: 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c20 6261 7220 7368 he scroll bar sh\n+0001a000: 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6472 6177 6e20 6966 ould be drawn if\n+0001a010: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001a020: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a030: 7468 6520 6672 616d 6520 616e 6420 7468 the frame and th\n-0001a040: 756d 6220 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 6573 umb styled boxes\n-0001a050: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0001a030: 2020 2020 7468 6520 6672 616d 6520 616e the frame an\n+0001a040: 6420 7468 756d 6220 7374 796c 6564 2062 d thumb styled b\n+0001a050: 6f78 6573 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 oxes. \n 0001a060: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a070: 2020 2020 6172 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 are configur\n-0001a080: 6564 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 ed.. scrollb\n-0001a090: 6172 5f66 7261 6d65 2020 2020 2020 2020 ar_frame \n-0001a0a0: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2069 6d61 6765 The image\n-0001a0b0: 2066 696c 6520 7061 7474 6572 6e20 666f file pattern fo\n-0001a0c0: 7220 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r the. \n+0001a070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6172 6520 636f 6e66 are conf\n+0001a080: 6967 7572 6564 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 igured.. scr\n+0001a090: 6f6c 6c62 6172 5f66 7261 6d65 2020 2020 ollbar_frame \n+0001a0a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2069 The i\n+0001a0b0: 6d61 6765 2066 696c 6520 7061 7474 6572 mage file patter\n+0001a0c0: 6e20 666f 7220 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 n for the. \n 0001a0d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a0e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2065 6e74 6972 6520 entire \n-0001a0f0: 7363 726f 6c6c 2062 6172 2e20 2045 7861 scroll bar. Exa\n-0001a100: 6d70 6c65 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mple:. \n+0001a0e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2065 6e74 ent\n+0001a0f0: 6972 6520 7363 726f 6c6c 2062 6172 2e20 ire scroll bar. \n+0001a100: 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 Example:. \n 0001a110: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 7363 726f 6c6c \"scroll\n-0001a130: 6261 725f 2a2e 706e 6722 0a20 2020 2020 bar_*.png\". \n-0001a140: 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 7468 756d 6220 scrollbar_thumb \n-0001a150: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 Th\n-0001a160: 6520 696d 6167 6520 6669 6c65 2070 6174 e image file pat\n-0001a170: 7465 726e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a20 2020 tern for the. \n-0001a180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 7363 \"sc\n+0001a130: 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 2a2e 706e 6722 0a20 rollbar_*.png\". \n+0001a140: 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 7468 scrollbar_th\n+0001a150: 756d 6220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 umb \n+0001a160: 2020 5468 6520 696d 6167 6520 6669 6c65 The image file\n+0001a170: 2070 6174 7465 726e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 pattern for the\n+0001a180: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001a190: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a1a0: 7363 726f 6c6c 2062 6172 2074 6875 6d62 scroll bar thumb\n-0001a1b0: 2028 7468 6520 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 (the part of th\n-0001a1c0: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e. \n+0001a1a0: 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 2062 6172 2074 scroll bar t\n+0001a1b0: 6875 6d62 2028 7468 6520 7061 7274 206f humb (the part o\n+0001a1c0: 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 f the. \n 0001a1d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a1e0: 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c20 6261 7220 scroll bar \n-0001a1f0: 7468 6174 206d 6f76 6573 2061 7320 7363 that moves as sc\n-0001a200: 726f 6c6c 696e 670a 2020 2020 2020 2020 rolling. \n+0001a1e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c20 scroll \n+0001a1f0: 6261 7220 7468 6174 206d 6f76 6573 2061 bar that moves a\n+0001a200: 7320 7363 726f 6c6c 696e 670a 2020 2020 s scrolling. \n 0001a210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206f 6363 7572 occur\n-0001a230: 7329 2e20 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 2020 s). Example:. \n-0001a240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206f o\n+0001a230: 6363 7572 7329 2e20 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 ccurs). Example\n+0001a240: 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :. \n 0001a250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a260: 2022 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 7468 756d \"scrollbar_thum\n-0001a270: 625f 2a2e 706e 6722 0a20 2020 2020 7363 b_*.png\". sc\n-0001a280: 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 7468 756d 625f 6f76 rollbar_thumb_ov\n-0001a290: 6572 6c61 7920 2020 2020 2020 4966 2074 erlay If t\n-0001a2a0: 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7365 his option is se\n-0001a2b0: 7420 746f 2022 7472 7565 220a 2020 2020 t to \"true\". \n+0001a260: 2020 2020 2022 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f \"scrollbar_\n+0001a270: 7468 756d 625f 2a2e 706e 6722 0a20 2020 thumb_*.png\". \n+0001a280: 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 7468 756d scrollbar_thum\n+0001a290: 625f 6f76 6572 6c61 7920 2020 2020 2020 b_overlay \n+0001a2a0: 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 If this option i\n+0001a2b0: 7320 7365 7420 746f 2022 7472 7565 220a s set to \"true\".\n 0001a2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a2d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n-0001a2e0: 6865 6e20 7468 6520 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 hen the scrollba\n-0001a2f0: 7220 7468 756d 6220 7369 6465 0a20 2020 r thumb side. \n-0001a300: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a2d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a2e0: 2020 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 7363 726f then the scro\n+0001a2f0: 6c6c 6261 7220 7468 756d 6220 7369 6465 llbar thumb side\n+0001a300: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001a310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a320: 736c 6963 6573 2028 6576 6572 7920 736c slices (every sl\n-0001a330: 6963 6520 6578 6365 7074 2074 6865 0a20 ice except the. \n-0001a340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a320: 2020 2020 736c 6963 6573 2028 6576 6572 slices (ever\n+0001a330: 7920 736c 6963 6520 6578 6365 7074 2074 y slice except t\n+0001a340: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 he. \n 0001a350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a360: 2020 6365 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 2920 center slice) \n-0001a370: 7769 6c6c 206f 7665 726c 6179 2074 6865 will overlay the\n-0001a380: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0001a360: 2020 2020 2020 6365 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 center sli\n+0001a370: 6365 2920 7769 6c6c 206f 7665 726c 6179 ce) will overlay\n+0001a380: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n 0001a390: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a3a0: 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 7220 6672 scrollbar fr\n-0001a3b0: 616d 6520 7369 6465 2073 6c69 6365 732e ame side slices.\n-0001a3c0: 2020 416e 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 And. \n+0001a3a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 scrollba\n+0001a3b0: 7220 6672 616d 6520 7369 6465 2073 6c69 r frame side sli\n+0001a3c0: 6365 732e 2020 416e 640a 2020 2020 2020 ces. And. \n 0001a3d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a3e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2063 656e the cen\n-0001a3f0: 7465 7220 736c 6963 6520 6f66 2074 6865 ter slice of the\n-0001a400: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0001a3e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 the\n+0001a3f0: 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 6520 6f66 center slice of\n+0001a400: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n 0001a410: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a420: 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 7468 scrollbar_th\n-0001a430: 756d 6220 6361 6e20 6d6f 7665 2061 6c6c umb can move all\n-0001a440: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 the. \n+0001a420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 scrollba\n+0001a430: 725f 7468 756d 6220 6361 6e20 6d6f 7665 r_thumb can move\n+0001a440: 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 all the. \n 0001a450: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7761 7920 2866 726f way (fro\n-0001a470: 6d20 746f 7020 746f 2062 6f74 746f 6d29 m top to bottom)\n-0001a480: 2c20 6265 696e 670a 2020 2020 2020 2020 , being. \n+0001a460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7761 7920 way \n+0001a470: 2866 726f 6d20 746f 7020 746f 2062 6f74 (from top to bot\n+0001a480: 746f 6d29 2c20 6265 696e 670a 2020 2020 tom), being. \n 0001a490: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a4a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 7261 776e drawn\n-0001a4b0: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6365 6e74 6572 2073 on the center s\n-0001a4c0: 6c69 6365 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 lice of the. \n+0001a4a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 d\n+0001a4b0: 7261 776e 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6365 6e74 rawn on the cent\n+0001a4c0: 6572 2073 6c69 6365 206f 6620 7468 650a er slice of the.\n 0001a4d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 s\n-0001a4f0: 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2066 7261 6d65 2e20 crollbar frame. \n-0001a500: 2054 6861 7420 7761 7920 7765 2063 616e That way we can\n-0001a510: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0001a4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a4f0: 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2066 7261 scrollbar fra\n+0001a500: 6d65 2e20 2054 6861 7420 7761 7920 7765 me. That way we\n+0001a510: 2063 616e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 can. \n 0001a520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a530: 2020 2020 6d61 6b65 2061 2073 6372 6f6c make a scrol\n-0001a540: 6c62 6172 2077 6974 6820 726f 756e 642d lbar with round-\n-0001a550: 7368 6170 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 shaped. \n+0001a530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d61 6b65 2061 2073 make a s\n+0001a540: 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2077 6974 6820 726f crollbar with ro\n+0001a550: 756e 642d 7368 6170 6564 0a20 2020 2020 und-shaped. \n 0001a560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6564 6765 7320 edges \n-0001a580: 736f 2074 6865 7265 2077 6f6e 2774 2062 so there won't b\n-0001a590: 6520 6120 6672 6565 0a20 2020 2020 2020 e a free. \n+0001a570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6564 ed\n+0001a580: 6765 7320 736f 2074 6865 7265 2077 6f6e ges so there won\n+0001a590: 2774 2062 6520 6120 6672 6565 0a20 2020 't be a free. \n 0001a5a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a5b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7370 6163 spac\n-0001a5c0: 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2074 6875 6d62 e from the thumb\n-0001a5d0: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6672 616d 650a 2020 to the frame. \n-0001a5e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a5b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a5c0: 7370 6163 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2074 space from the t\n+0001a5d0: 6875 6d62 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6672 616d humb to the fram\n+0001a5e0: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e. \n 0001a5f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a600: 2069 6e20 746f 7020 616e 6420 626f 7474 in top and bott\n-0001a610: 6f6d 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 0a20 2020 om scrollbar. \n-0001a620: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a600: 2020 2020 2069 6e20 746f 7020 616e 6420 in top and \n+0001a610: 626f 7474 6f6d 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 bottom scrollbar\n+0001a620: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001a630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a640: 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 4465 6661 positions. Defa\n-0001a650: 756c 7420 6973 2022 6661 6c73 6522 2e0a ult is \"false\"..\n-0001a660: 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 5f73 scrollbar_s\n-0001a670: 6c69 6365 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lice \n-0001a680: 2020 2054 6865 206d 656e 7520 6672 616d The menu fram\n-0001a690: 6520 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 2773 2073 e styled box's s\n-0001a6a0: 6c69 6365 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lice. \n+0001a640: 2020 2020 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 positions. \n+0001a650: 4465 6661 756c 7420 6973 2022 6661 6c73 Default is \"fals\n+0001a660: 6522 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 e\".. scrollb\n+0001a670: 6172 5f73 6c69 6365 2020 2020 2020 2020 ar_slice \n+0001a680: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 206d 656e 7520 The menu \n+0001a690: 6672 616d 6520 7374 796c 6564 2062 6f78 frame styled box\n+0001a6a0: 2773 2073 6c69 6365 0a20 2020 2020 2020 's slice. \n 0001a6b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a6c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 2077 6869 6368 in which\n-0001a6d0: 2074 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2077 the scrollbar w\n-0001a6e0: 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ill be. \n+0001a6c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 2077 in w\n+0001a6d0: 6869 6368 2074 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 hich the scrollb\n+0001a6e0: 6172 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 ar will be. \n 0001a6f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a700: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6472 6177 6e2e drawn.\n-0001a710: 2020 506f 7373 6962 6c65 2076 616c 7565 Possible value\n-0001a720: 7320 6172 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s are. \n+0001a700: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6472 dr\n+0001a710: 6177 6e2e 2020 506f 7373 6962 6c65 2076 awn. Possible v\n+0001a720: 616c 7565 7320 6172 650a 2020 2020 2020 alues are. \n 0001a730: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 7765 7374 222c \"west\",\n-0001a750: 2022 6365 6e74 6572 222c 2022 6561 7374 \"center\", \"east\n-0001a760: 220a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \". \n+0001a740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 7765 \"we\n+0001a750: 7374 222c 2022 6365 6e74 6572 222c 2022 st\", \"center\", \"\n+0001a760: 6561 7374 220a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 east\". \n 0001a770: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a780: 2020 2020 2028 6465 6661 756c 7429 2e20 (default). \n-0001a790: 2022 7765 7374 2220 2d20 7468 6520 7363 \"west\" - the sc\n-0001a7a0: 726f 6c6c 6261 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 rollbar. \n+0001a780: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6465 6661 756c (defaul\n+0001a790: 7429 2e20 2022 7765 7374 2220 2d20 7468 t). \"west\" - th\n+0001a7a0: 6520 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 720a 2020 2020 e scrollbar. \n 0001a7b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a7c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 will \n-0001a7d0: 6265 2064 7261 776e 2069 6e20 7468 6520 be drawn in the \n-0001a7e0: 7765 7374 2073 6c69 6365 0a20 2020 2020 west slice. \n+0001a7c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 w\n+0001a7d0: 696c 6c20 6265 2064 7261 776e 2069 6e20 ill be drawn in \n+0001a7e0: 7468 6520 7765 7374 2073 6c69 6365 0a20 the west slice. \n 0001a7f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2872 (r\n-0001a810: 6967 6874 2d61 6c69 676e 6564 292e 2020 ight-aligned). \n-0001a820: 2265 6173 7422 202d 2074 6865 0a20 2020 \"east\" - the. \n-0001a830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a810: 2020 2872 6967 6874 2d61 6c69 676e 6564 (right-aligned\n+0001a820: 292e 2020 2265 6173 7422 202d 2074 6865 ). \"east\" - the\n+0001a830: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001a840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a850: 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 7220 7769 6c6c 2062 scrollbar will b\n-0001a860: 6520 6472 6177 6e20 696e 2074 6865 0a20 e drawn in the. \n-0001a870: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a850: 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 7220 7769 scrollbar wi\n+0001a860: 6c6c 2062 6520 6472 6177 6e20 696e 2074 ll be drawn in t\n+0001a870: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 he. \n 0001a880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a890: 2020 6561 7374 2073 6c69 6365 2028 6c65 east slice (le\n-0001a8a0: 6674 2d61 6c69 676e 6564 292e 0a20 2020 ft-aligned).. \n-0001a8b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a890: 2020 2020 2020 6561 7374 2073 6c69 6365 east slice\n+0001a8a0: 2028 6c65 6674 2d61 6c69 676e 6564 292e (left-aligned).\n+0001a8b0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001a8c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a8d0: 2263 656e 7465 7222 202d 2074 6865 2073 \"center\" - the s\n-0001a8e0: 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2077 696c 6c20 6265 crollbar will be\n-0001a8f0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0001a8d0: 2020 2020 2263 656e 7465 7222 202d 2074 \"center\" - t\n+0001a8e0: 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2077 696c he scrollbar wil\n+0001a8f0: 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 l be. \n 0001a900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a910: 2020 2020 6472 6177 6e20 696e 2074 6865 drawn in the\n-0001a920: 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 652e 2020 center slice. \n-0001a930: 4e6f 7465 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 Note:. \n+0001a910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6472 6177 6e20 696e drawn in\n+0001a920: 2074 6865 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 the center slic\n+0001a930: 652e 2020 4e6f 7465 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 e. Note:. \n 0001a940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e20 6361 7365 in case\n-0001a960: 206f 6620 2263 656e 7465 7222 2073 6c69 of \"center\" sli\n-0001a970: 6365 3a20 6129 2049 660a 2020 2020 2020 ce: a) If. \n+0001a950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e20 in \n+0001a960: 6361 7365 206f 6620 2263 656e 7465 7222 case of \"center\"\n+0001a970: 2073 6c69 6365 3a20 6129 2049 660a 2020 slice: a) If. \n 0001a980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a990: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 the\n-0001a9a0: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2073 686f 756c scrollbar shoul\n-0001a9b0: 6420 6265 2064 7261 776e 2074 6865 6e0a d be drawn then.\n-0001a9c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a990: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a9a0: 2074 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2073 the scrollbar s\n+0001a9b0: 686f 756c 6420 6265 2064 7261 776e 2074 hould be drawn t\n+0001a9c0: 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 hen. \n 0001a9d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001a9e0: 2020 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 boot menu ent\n-0001a9f0: 7279 2773 2077 6964 7468 2069 730a 2020 ry's width is. \n-0001aa00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001a9e0: 2020 2020 2020 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 6e75 boot menu\n+0001a9f0: 2065 6e74 7279 2773 2077 6964 7468 2069 entry's width i\n+0001aa00: 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s. \n 0001aa10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001aa20: 2064 6563 7265 6173 6564 2062 7920 7468 decreased by th\n-0001aa30: 6520 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 7227 7320 7769 e scrollbar's wi\n-0001aa40: 6474 680a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dth. \n+0001aa20: 2020 2020 2064 6563 7265 6173 6564 2062 decreased b\n+0001aa30: 7920 7468 6520 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 7227 y the scrollbar'\n+0001aa40: 7320 7769 6474 680a 2020 2020 2020 2020 s width. \n 0001aa50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001aa60: 2020 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2073 and the s\n-0001aa70: 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2069 7320 6472 6177 crollbar is draw\n-0001aa80: 6e20 6174 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 n at the. \n+0001aa60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2074 and t\n+0001aa70: 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2069 7320 he scrollbar is \n+0001aa80: 6472 6177 6e20 6174 2074 6865 0a20 2020 drawn at the. \n 0001aa90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001aaa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7269 6768 righ\n-0001aab0: 7420 7369 6465 206f 6620 7468 6520 6365 t side of the ce\n-0001aac0: 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 2e0a 2020 2020 nter slice.. \n+0001aaa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001aab0: 7269 6768 7420 7369 6465 206f 6620 7468 right side of th\n+0001aac0: 6520 6365 6e74 6572 2073 6c69 6365 2e0a e center slice..\n 0001aad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001aae0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 b\n-0001aaf0: 2920 4966 2074 6865 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 ) If the scrollb\n-0001ab00: 6172 2077 6f6e 2774 2062 6520 6472 6177 ar won't be draw\n-0001ab10: 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n. \n+0001aae0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001aaf0: 2020 2062 2920 4966 2074 6865 2073 6372 b) If the scr\n+0001ab00: 6f6c 6c62 6172 2077 6f6e 2774 2062 6520 ollbar won't be \n+0001ab10: 6472 6177 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 drawn. \n 0001ab20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ab30: 2020 2020 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 626f then the bo\n-0001ab40: 6f74 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7927 7320 ot menu entry's \n-0001ab50: 7769 6474 680a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 width. \n+0001ab30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 6e20 7468 then th\n+0001ab40: 6520 626f 6f74 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 e boot menu entr\n+0001ab50: 7927 7320 7769 6474 680a 2020 2020 2020 y's width. \n 0001ab60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ab70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 7320 7468 6520 is the \n-0001ab80: 7769 6474 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2063 656e width of the cen\n-0001ab90: 7465 7220 736c 6963 652e 0a20 2020 2020 ter slice.. \n+0001ab70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 7320 is \n+0001ab80: 7468 6520 7769 6474 6820 6f66 2074 6865 the width of the\n+0001ab90: 2063 656e 7465 7220 736c 6963 652e 0a20 center slice.. \n 0001aba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001abb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6329 c)\n-0001abc0: 2057 6520 646f 6e27 7420 6e65 6365 7373 We don't necess\n-0001abd0: 6172 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ary need the. \n-0001abe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001abb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001abc0: 2020 6329 2057 6520 646f 6e27 7420 6e65 c) We don't ne\n+0001abd0: 6365 7373 6172 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6865 cessary need the\n+0001abe0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 0001abf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ac00: 6d65 6e75 2070 6978 6d61 7020 626f 7820 menu pixmap box \n-0001ac10: 746f 2064 6973 706c 6179 2074 6865 0a20 to display the. \n-0001ac20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001ac00: 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 2070 6978 6d61 7020 menu pixmap \n+0001ac10: 626f 7820 746f 2064 6973 706c 6179 2074 box to display t\n+0001ac20: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 he. \n 0001ac30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ac40: 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 722e 0a20 2020 scrollbar.. \n-0001ac50: 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 6c65 6674 scrollbar_left\n-0001ac60: 5f70 6164 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _pad \n-0001ac70: 5468 6520 6c65 6674 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 The left scrollb\n-0001ac80: 6172 2070 6164 6469 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 ar padding in. \n-0001ac90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001ac40: 2020 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 722e scrollbar.\n+0001ac50: 0a20 2020 2020 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f . scrollbar_\n+0001ac60: 6c65 6674 5f70 6164 2020 2020 2020 2020 left_pad \n+0001ac70: 2020 2020 5468 6520 6c65 6674 2073 6372 The left scr\n+0001ac80: 6f6c 6c62 6172 2070 6164 6469 6e67 2069 ollbar padding i\n+0001ac90: 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n. \n 0001aca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001acb0: 2070 6978 656c 732e 2020 556e 7573 6564 pixels. Unused\n-0001acc0: 2069 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 if. \n+0001acb0: 2020 2020 2070 6978 656c 732e 2020 556e pixels. Un\n+0001acc0: 7573 6564 2069 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 used if. \n 0001acd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ace0: 2020 2020 2020 2022 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 \"scrollba\n-0001acf0: 725f 736c 6963 6522 2069 7320 2277 6573 r_slice\" is \"wes\n-0001ad00: 7422 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 t\".. scrollb\n-0001ad10: 6172 5f72 6967 6874 5f70 6164 2020 2020 ar_right_pad \n-0001ad20: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2072 6967 6874 The right\n-0001ad30: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2070 6164 6469 scrollbar paddi\n-0001ad40: 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ng in. \n+0001ace0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 7363 726f \"scro\n+0001acf0: 6c6c 6261 725f 736c 6963 6522 2069 7320 llbar_slice\" is \n+0001ad00: 2277 6573 7422 2e0a 2020 2020 2073 6372 \"west\".. scr\n+0001ad10: 6f6c 6c62 6172 5f72 6967 6874 5f70 6164 ollbar_right_pad\n+0001ad20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2072 The r\n+0001ad30: 6967 6874 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2070 ight scrollbar p\n+0001ad40: 6164 6469 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 adding in. \n 0001ad50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ad60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6978 656c 732e pixels.\n-0001ad70: 2020 556e 7573 6564 2069 660a 2020 2020 Unused if. \n+0001ad60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6978 pix\n+0001ad70: 656c 732e 2020 556e 7573 6564 2069 660a els. Unused if.\n 0001ad80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ad90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 \"\n-0001ada0: 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 736c 6963 6522 scrollbar_slice\"\n-0001adb0: 2069 7320 2265 6173 7422 2e0a 2020 2020 is \"east\".. \n-0001adc0: 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 5f74 6f70 5f70 scrollbar_top_p\n-0001add0: 6164 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 ad T\n-0001ade0: 6865 2074 6f70 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 he top scrollbar\n-0001adf0: 2070 6164 6469 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 padding in. \n+0001ad90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001ada0: 2020 2022 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 736c \"scrollbar_sl\n+0001adb0: 6963 6522 2069 7320 2265 6173 7422 2e0a ice\" is \"east\"..\n+0001adc0: 2020 2020 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 5f74 scrollbar_t\n+0001add0: 6f70 5f70 6164 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 op_pad \n+0001ade0: 2020 2054 6865 2074 6f70 2073 6372 6f6c The top scrol\n+0001adf0: 6c62 6172 2070 6164 6469 6e67 2069 6e0a lbar padding in.\n 0001ae00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ae10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 p\n-0001ae20: 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 7363 726f ixels.. scro\n-0001ae30: 6c6c 6261 725f 626f 7474 6f6d 5f70 6164 llbar_bottom_pad\n-0001ae40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 626f The bo\n-0001ae50: 7474 6f6d 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 6172 2070 ttom scrollbar p\n-0001ae60: 6164 6469 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 adding in. \n+0001ae10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001ae20: 2020 2070 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 pixels.. \n+0001ae30: 7363 726f 6c6c 6261 725f 626f 7474 6f6d scrollbar_bottom\n+0001ae40: 5f70 6164 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 _pad Th\n+0001ae50: 6520 626f 7474 6f6d 2073 6372 6f6c 6c62 e bottom scrollb\n+0001ae60: 6172 2070 6164 6469 6e67 2069 6e0a 2020 ar padding in. \n 0001ae70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001ae80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6978 pix\n-0001ae90: 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 7669 7369 626c els.. visibl\n-0001aea0: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e \n-0001aeb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 746f 2022 Set to \"\n-0001aec0: 6661 6c73 6522 2074 6f20 6869 6465 2074 false\" to hide t\n-0001aed0: 6865 2062 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 he boot. \n+0001ae80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0001ae90: 2070 6978 656c 732e 0a20 2020 2020 7669 pixels.. vi\n+0001aea0: 7369 626c 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 sible \n+0001aeb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 Set \n+0001aec0: 746f 2022 6661 6c73 6522 2074 6f20 6869 to \"false\" to hi\n+0001aed0: 6465 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 de the boot. \n 0001aee0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001aef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206d 656e 752e menu.\n-0001af00: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2063 616e 7661 7320 .. ... canvas \n-0001af10: 4361 6e76 6173 2069 7320 6120 636f 6e74 Canvas is a cont\n-0001af20: 6169 6e65 7220 7468 6174 2061 6c6c 6f77 ainer that allow\n-0001af30: 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 2070 6c61 6365 6d65 s manual placeme\n-0001af40: 6e74 206f 660a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 706f nt of. compo\n-0001af50: 6e65 6e74 7320 7769 7468 696e 2069 742e nents within it.\n-0001af60: 2020 4974 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 616c It does not al\n-0001af70: 7465 7220 7468 6520 706f 7369 7469 6f6e ter the position\n-0001af80: 7320 6f66 2069 7473 2063 6869 6c64 0a20 s of its child. \n-0001af90: 2020 2020 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 2e20 components. \n-0001afa0: 2049 7420 6173 7369 676e 7320 616c 6c20 It assigns all \n-0001afb0: 6368 696c 6420 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 child components\n-0001afc0: 2074 6865 6972 2070 7265 6665 7272 6564 their preferred\n-0001afd0: 2073 697a 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 sizes... ... \n-0001afe0: 6862 6f78 2054 6865 202a 6862 6f78 2a20 hbox The *hbox* \n-0001aff0: 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 6c61 7973 206f container lays o\n-0001b000: 7574 2069 7473 2063 6869 6c64 7265 6e20 ut its children \n-0001b010: 6672 6f6d 206c 6566 7420 746f 2072 6967 from left to rig\n-0001b020: 6874 2c0a 2020 2020 2067 6976 696e 6720 ht,. giving \n-0001b030: 6561 6368 206f 6e65 2069 7473 2070 7265 each one its pre\n-0001b040: 6665 7272 6564 2077 6964 7468 2e20 2054 ferred width. T\n-0001b050: 6865 2068 6569 6768 7420 6f66 2065 6163 he height of eac\n-0001b060: 6820 6368 696c 6420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 h child is. \n-0001b070: 7365 7420 746f 2074 6865 206d 6178 696d set to the maxim\n-0001b080: 756d 206f 6620 7468 6520 7072 6566 6572 um of the prefer\n-0001b090: 7265 6420 6865 6967 6874 7320 6f66 2061 red heights of a\n-0001b0a0: 6c6c 2063 6869 6c64 7265 6e2e 0a0a 2020 ll children... \n-0001b0b0: 20e2 80a2 2076 626f 7820 5468 6520 2a76 ... vbox The *v\n-0001b0c0: 626f 782a 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 6572 206c box* container l\n-0001b0d0: 6179 7320 6f75 7420 6974 7320 6368 696c ays out its chil\n-0001b0e0: 6472 656e 2066 726f 6d20 746f 7020 746f dren from top to\n-0001b0f0: 2062 6f74 746f 6d2c 0a20 2020 2020 6769 bottom,. gi\n-0001b100: 7669 6e67 2065 6163 6820 6f6e 6520 6974 ving each one it\n-0001b110: 7320 7072 6566 6572 7265 6420 6865 6967 s preferred heig\n-0001b120: 6874 2e20 2054 6865 2077 6964 7468 206f ht. The width o\n-0001b130: 6620 6561 6368 2063 6869 6c64 2069 730a f each child is.\n-0001b140: 2020 2020 2073 6574 2074 6f20 7468 6520 set to the \n-0001b150: 6d61 7869 6d75 6d20 6f66 2074 6865 2070 maximum of the p\n-0001b160: 7265 6665 7272 6564 2077 6964 7468 7320 referred widths \n-0001b170: 6f66 2061 6c6c 2063 6869 6c64 7265 6e2e of all children.\n-0001b180: 0a0a 372e 332e 3620 436f 6d6d 6f6e 2070 ..7.3.6 Common p\n-0001b190: 726f 7065 7274 6965 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d roperties.------\n+0001aef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206d m\n+0001af00: 656e 752e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2063 616e enu... ... can\n+0001af10: 7661 7320 4361 6e76 6173 2069 7320 6120 vas Canvas is a \n+0001af20: 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7468 6174 2061 container that a\n+0001af30: 6c6c 6f77 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 2070 6c61 llows manual pla\n+0001af40: 6365 6d65 6e74 206f 660a 2020 2020 2063 cement of. c\n+0001af50: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 7769 7468 696e omponents within\n+0001af60: 2069 742e 2020 4974 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f it. It does no\n+0001af70: 7420 616c 7465 7220 7468 6520 706f 7369 t alter the posi\n+0001af80: 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 2069 7473 2063 6869 tions of its chi\n+0001af90: 6c64 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e ld. componen\n+0001afa0: 7473 2e20 2049 7420 6173 7369 676e 7320 ts. It assigns \n+0001afb0: 616c 6c20 6368 696c 6420 636f 6d70 6f6e all child compon\n+0001afc0: 656e 7473 2074 6865 6972 2070 7265 6665 ents their prefe\n+0001afd0: 7272 6564 2073 697a 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 rred sizes... \n+0001afe0: e280 a220 6862 6f78 2054 6865 202a 6862 ... hbox The *hb\n+0001aff0: 6f78 2a20 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 6c61 ox* container la\n+0001b000: 7973 206f 7574 2069 7473 2063 6869 6c64 ys out its child\n+0001b010: 7265 6e20 6672 6f6d 206c 6566 7420 746f ren from left to\n+0001b020: 2072 6967 6874 2c0a 2020 2020 2067 6976 right,. giv\n+0001b030: 696e 6720 6561 6368 206f 6e65 2069 7473 ing each one its\n+0001b040: 2070 7265 6665 7272 6564 2077 6964 7468 preferred width\n+0001b050: 2e20 2054 6865 2068 6569 6768 7420 6f66 . The height of\n+0001b060: 2065 6163 6820 6368 696c 6420 6973 0a20 each child is. \n+0001b070: 2020 2020 7365 7420 746f 2074 6865 206d set to the m\n+0001b080: 6178 696d 756d 206f 6620 7468 6520 7072 aximum of the pr\n+0001b090: 6566 6572 7265 6420 6865 6967 6874 7320 eferred heights \n+0001b0a0: 6f66 2061 6c6c 2063 6869 6c64 7265 6e2e of all children.\n+0001b0b0: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2076 626f 7820 5468 .. ... vbox Th\n+0001b0c0: 6520 2a76 626f 782a 2063 6f6e 7461 696e e *vbox* contain\n+0001b0d0: 6572 206c 6179 7320 6f75 7420 6974 7320 er lays out its \n+0001b0e0: 6368 696c 6472 656e 2066 726f 6d20 746f children from to\n+0001b0f0: 7020 746f 2062 6f74 746f 6d2c 0a20 2020 p to bottom,. \n+0001b100: 2020 6769 7669 6e67 2065 6163 6820 6f6e giving each on\n+0001b110: 6520 6974 7320 7072 6566 6572 7265 6420 e its preferred \n+0001b120: 6865 6967 6874 2e20 2054 6865 2077 6964 height. The wid\n+0001b130: 7468 206f 6620 6561 6368 2063 6869 6c64 th of each child\n+0001b140: 2069 730a 2020 2020 2073 6574 2074 6f20 is. set to \n+0001b150: 7468 6520 6d61 7869 6d75 6d20 6f66 2074 the maximum of t\n+0001b160: 6865 2070 7265 6665 7272 6564 2077 6964 he preferred wid\n+0001b170: 7468 7320 6f66 2061 6c6c 2063 6869 6c64 ths of all child\n+0001b180: 7265 6e2e 0a0a 372e 332e 3620 436f 6d6d ren...7.3.6 Comm\n+0001b190: 6f6e 2070 726f 7065 7274 6965 730a 2d2d on properties.--\n 0001b1a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0001b1b0: 2d0a 0a54 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 -..The following\n-0001b1c0: 2070 726f 7065 7274 6965 7320 6172 6520 properties are \n-0001b1d0: 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6279 2061 6c6c supported by all\n-0001b1e0: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 733a 0ae2 8098 components:....\n-0001b1f0: 6c65 6674 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 left.... The\n-0001b200: 2064 6973 7461 6e63 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 distance from t\n-0001b210: 6865 206c 6566 7420 626f 7264 6572 206f he left border o\n-0001b220: 6620 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 746f 206c f container to l\n-0001b230: 6566 7420 626f 7264 6572 206f 660a 2020 eft border of. \n-0001b240: 2020 2074 6865 206f 626a 6563 7420 696e the object in\n-0001b250: 2065 6974 6865 7220 6f66 2074 6872 6565 either of three\n-0001b260: 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 3a0a 2020 2020 2078 formats:. x\n-0001b270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5661 Va\n-0001b280: 6c75 6520 696e 2070 6978 656c 730a 2020 lue in pixels. \n-0001b290: 2020 2070 2520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 p% \n-0001b2a0: 2020 5065 7263 656e 7461 6765 0a20 2020 Percentage. \n-0001b2b0: 2020 7025 2b78 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 p%+x \n-0001b2c0: 206d 6978 7475 7265 206f 6620 626f 7468 mixture of both\n-0001b2d0: 0ae2 8098 746f 70e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 ....top.... \n-0001b2e0: 5468 6520 6469 7374 616e 6365 2066 726f The distance fro\n-0001b2f0: 6d20 7468 6520 6c65 6674 2062 6f72 6465 m the left borde\n-0001b300: 7220 6f66 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 6572 2074 r of container t\n-0001b310: 6f20 6c65 6674 2062 6f72 6465 7220 6f66 o left border of\n-0001b320: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6f62 6a65 6374 . the object\n-0001b330: 2069 6e20 7361 6d65 2066 6f72 6d61 742e in same format.\n-0001b340: 0ae2 8098 7769 6474 68e2 8099 0a20 2020 ....width.... \n-0001b350: 2020 5468 6520 7769 6474 6820 6f66 206f The width of o\n-0001b360: 626a 6563 7420 696e 2073 616d 6520 666f bject in same fo\n-0001b370: 726d 6174 2e0a e280 9868 6569 6768 74e2 rmat.....height.\n-0001b380: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 6865 6967 ... The heig\n-0001b390: 6874 206f 6620 6f62 6a65 6374 2069 6e20 ht of object in \n-0001b3a0: 7361 6d65 2066 6f72 6d61 742e 0ae2 8098 same format.....\n-0001b3b0: 6964 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2069 id.... The i\n-0001b3c0: 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7220 666f 7220 7468 dentifier for th\n-0001b3d0: 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742e 2020 5468 e component. Th\n-0001b3e0: 6973 2063 616e 2062 6520 616e 7920 6172 is can be any ar\n-0001b3f0: 6269 7472 6172 790a 2020 2020 2073 7472 bitrary. str\n-0001b400: 696e 672e 2020 5468 6520 4944 2063 616e ing. The ID can\n-0001b410: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2062 7920 7363 7269 be used by scri\n-0001b420: 7074 7320 746f 2072 6566 6572 2074 6f20 pts to refer to \n-0001b430: 7661 7269 6f75 730a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d various. com\n-0001b440: 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 696e 2074 6865 2047 ponents in the G\n-0001b450: 5549 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2074 7265 UI component tre\n-0001b460: 652e 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c 792c 2074 e. Currently, t\n-0001b470: 6865 7265 2069 7320 6f6e 650a 2020 2020 here is one. \n-0001b480: 2073 7065 6369 616c 2049 4420 7661 6c75 special ID valu\n-0001b490: 6520 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 7265 636f e that GRUB reco\n-0001b4a0: 676e 697a 6573 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 225f gnizes:.. \"_\n-0001b4b0: 5f74 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 2220 2043 6f6d _timeout__\" Com\n-0001b4c0: 706f 6e65 6e74 2077 6974 6820 7468 6973 ponent with this\n-0001b4d0: 2049 4420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7570 6461 ID will be upda\n-0001b4e0: 7465 6420 6279 2047 5255 420a 2020 2020 ted by GRUB. \n+0001b1b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f -----..The follo\n+0001b1c0: 7769 6e67 2070 726f 7065 7274 6965 7320 wing properties \n+0001b1d0: 6172 6520 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6279 are supported by\n+0001b1e0: 2061 6c6c 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 733a all components:\n+0001b1f0: 0ae2 8098 6c65 6674 e280 990a 2020 2020 ....left.... \n+0001b200: 2054 6865 2064 6973 7461 6e63 6520 6672 The distance fr\n+0001b210: 6f6d 2074 6865 206c 6566 7420 626f 7264 om the left bord\n+0001b220: 6572 206f 6620 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 er of container \n+0001b230: 746f 206c 6566 7420 626f 7264 6572 206f to left border o\n+0001b240: 660a 2020 2020 2074 6865 206f 626a 6563 f. the objec\n+0001b250: 7420 696e 2065 6974 6865 7220 6f66 2074 t in either of t\n+0001b260: 6872 6565 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 3a0a 2020 hree formats:. \n+0001b270: 2020 2078 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 x \n+0001b280: 2020 5661 6c75 6520 696e 2070 6978 656c Value in pixel\n+0001b290: 730a 2020 2020 2070 2520 2020 2020 2020 s. p% \n+0001b2a0: 2020 2020 2020 5065 7263 656e 7461 6765 Percentage\n+0001b2b0: 0a20 2020 2020 7025 2b78 2020 2020 2020 . p%+x \n+0001b2c0: 2020 2020 206d 6978 7475 7265 206f 6620 mixture of \n+0001b2d0: 626f 7468 0ae2 8098 746f 70e2 8099 0a20 both....top.... \n+0001b2e0: 2020 2020 5468 6520 6469 7374 616e 6365 The distance\n+0001b2f0: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6c65 6674 2062 from the left b\n+0001b300: 6f72 6465 7220 6f66 2063 6f6e 7461 696e order of contain\n+0001b310: 6572 2074 6f20 6c65 6674 2062 6f72 6465 er to left borde\n+0001b320: 7220 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6f62 r of. the ob\n+0001b330: 6a65 6374 2069 6e20 7361 6d65 2066 6f72 ject in same for\n+0001b340: 6d61 742e 0ae2 8098 7769 6474 68e2 8099 mat.....width...\n+0001b350: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 7769 6474 6820 . The width \n+0001b360: 6f66 206f 626a 6563 7420 696e 2073 616d of object in sam\n+0001b370: 6520 666f 726d 6174 2e0a e280 9868 6569 e format.....hei\n+0001b380: 6768 74e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 ght.... The \n+0001b390: 6865 6967 6874 206f 6620 6f62 6a65 6374 height of object\n+0001b3a0: 2069 6e20 7361 6d65 2066 6f72 6d61 742e in same format.\n+0001b3b0: 0ae2 8098 6964 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 ....id.... T\n+0001b3c0: 6865 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7220 666f he identifier fo\n+0001b3d0: 7220 7468 6520 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742e r the component.\n+0001b3e0: 2020 5468 6973 2063 616e 2062 6520 616e This can be an\n+0001b3f0: 7920 6172 6269 7472 6172 790a 2020 2020 y arbitrary. \n+0001b400: 2073 7472 696e 672e 2020 5468 6520 4944 string. The ID\n+0001b410: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2062 7920 can be used by \n+0001b420: 7363 7269 7074 7320 746f 2072 6566 6572 scripts to refer\n+0001b430: 2074 6f20 7661 7269 6f75 730a 2020 2020 to various. \n+0001b440: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 696e 2074 components in t\n+0001b450: 6865 2047 5549 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 he GUI component\n+0001b460: 2074 7265 652e 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c tree. Currentl\n+0001b470: 792c 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 6f6e 650a y, there is one.\n+0001b480: 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 616c 2049 4420 special ID \n+0001b490: 7661 6c75 6520 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 value that GRUB \n+0001b4a0: 7265 636f 676e 697a 6573 3a0a 0a20 2020 recognizes:.. \n+0001b4b0: 2020 225f 5f74 696d 656f 7574 5f5f 2220 \"__timeout__\" \n+0001b4c0: 2043 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2077 6974 6820 Component with \n+0001b4d0: 7468 6973 2049 4420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 this ID will be \n+0001b4e0: 7570 6461 7465 6420 6279 2047 5255 420a updated by GRUB.\n 0001b4f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0001b500: 616e 6420 7769 6c6c 2069 6e64 6963 6174 and will indicat\n-0001b510: 6520 7469 6d65 2065 6c61 7073 6564 2074 e time elapsed t\n-0001b520: 6f20 616e 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c o an automatical\n-0001b530: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0001b540: 2020 2020 2062 6f6f 7420 6f66 2074 6865 boot of the\n-0001b550: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 7279 2e20 default entry. \n-0001b560: 2041 6666 6563 7465 6420 636f 6d70 6f6e Affected compon\n-0001b570: 656e 7473 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ents:. \n-0001b580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 226c 6162 656c \"label\n-0001b590: 222c 2022 6369 7263 756c 6172 5f70 726f \", \"circular_pro\n-0001b5a0: 6772 6573 7322 2c20 2270 726f 6772 6573 gress\", \"progres\n-0001b5b0: 735f 6261 7222 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a s_bar\".....File:\n-0001b5c0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-0001b5d0: 653a 204e 6574 776f 726b 2c20 204e 6578 e: Network, Nex\n-0001b5e0: 743a 2053 6572 6961 6c20 7465 726d 696e t: Serial termin\n-0001b5f0: 616c 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2054 6865 6d65 al, Prev: Theme\n-0001b600: 2066 696c 6520 666f 726d 6174 2c20 2055 file format, U\n-0001b610: 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3820 426f 6f74 696e p: Top..8 Bootin\n-0001b620: 6720 4752 5542 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 g GRUB from the \n-0001b630: 6e65 7477 6f72 6b0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a network.********\n+0001b500: 2020 2020 616e 6420 7769 6c6c 2069 6e64 and will ind\n+0001b510: 6963 6174 6520 7469 6d65 2065 6c61 7073 icate time elaps\n+0001b520: 6564 2074 6f20 616e 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 ed to an automat\n+0001b530: 6963 616c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ical. \n+0001b540: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 6f6f 7420 6f66 boot of\n+0001b550: 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2065 6e74 the default ent\n+0001b560: 7279 2e20 2041 6666 6563 7465 6420 636f ry. Affected co\n+0001b570: 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 mponents:. \n+0001b580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 226c \"l\n+0001b590: 6162 656c 222c 2022 6369 7263 756c 6172 abel\", \"circular\n+0001b5a0: 5f70 726f 6772 6573 7322 2c20 2270 726f _progress\", \"pro\n+0001b5b0: 6772 6573 735f 6261 7222 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 gress_bar\".....F\n+0001b5c0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0001b5d0: 204e 6f64 653a 204e 6574 776f 726b 2c20 Node: Network, \n+0001b5e0: 204e 6578 743a 2053 6572 6961 6c20 7465 Next: Serial te\n+0001b5f0: 726d 696e 616c 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2054 rminal, Prev: T\n+0001b600: 6865 6d65 2066 696c 6520 666f 726d 6174 heme file format\n+0001b610: 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3820 426f , Up: Top..8 Bo\n+0001b620: 6f74 696e 6720 4752 5542 2066 726f 6d20 oting GRUB from \n+0001b630: 7468 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 6b0a 2a2a 2a2a the network.****\n 0001b640: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0001b650: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a54 6865 2066 6f6c *******..The fol\n-0001b660: 6c6f 7769 6e67 2069 6e73 7472 7563 7469 lowing instructi\n-0001b670: 6f6e 7320 646f 6e27 7420 776f 726b 2066 ons don't work f\n-0001b680: 6f72 202a 2d65 6d75 2c20 6933 3836 2d71 or *-emu, i386-q\n-0001b690: 656d 752c 0a69 3338 362d 636f 7265 626f emu,.i386-corebo\n-0001b6a0: 6f74 2c20 6933 3836 2d6d 756c 7469 626f ot, i386-multibo\n-0001b6b0: 6f74 2c20 6d69 7073 5f6c 6f6f 6e67 736f ot, mips_loongso\n-0001b6c0: 6e2c 206d 6970 732d 6172 6320 616e 640a n, mips-arc and.\n-0001b6d0: 6d69 7073 5f71 656d 755f 6d69 7073 0a0a mips_qemu_mips..\n-0001b6e0: 2020 2054 6f20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 2061 To generate a\n-0001b6f0: 206e 6574 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2064 6972 netbootable dir\n-0001b700: 6563 746f 7279 2c20 7275 6e3a 0a0a 2020 ectory, run:.. \n-0001b710: 2020 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 6e65 7464 6972 grub-mknetdir\n-0001b720: 202d 2d6e 6574 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 --net-directory\n-0001b730: 3d2f 7372 762f 7466 7470 202d 2d73 7562 =/srv/tftp --sub\n-0001b740: 6469 723d 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 202d dir=/boot/grub -\n-0001b750: 6420 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f67 7275 622f d /usr/lib/grub/\n-0001b760: 3c70 6c61 7466 6f72 6d3e 0a0a 2020 2045 .. E\n-0001b770: 2e67 2e20 2066 6f72 2069 3338 362d 7063 .g. for i386-pc\n-0001b780: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d6d 6b6e :.. grub-mkn\n-0001b790: 6574 6469 7220 2d2d 6e65 742d 6469 7265 etdir --net-dire\n-0001b7a0: 6374 6f72 793d 2f73 7276 2f74 6674 7020 ctory=/srv/tftp \n-0001b7b0: 2d2d 7375 6264 6972 3d2f 626f 6f74 2f67 --subdir=/boot/g\n-0001b7c0: 7275 6220 2d64 202f 7573 722f 6c69 622f rub -d /usr/lib/\n-0001b7d0: 6772 7562 2f69 3338 362d 7063 0a0a 2020 grub/i386-pc.. \n-0001b7e0: 2054 6865 6e20 666f 6c6c 6f77 2069 6e73 Then follow ins\n-0001b7f0: 7472 7563 7469 6f6e 7320 7072 696e 7465 tructions printe\n-0001b800: 6420 6f75 7420 6279 2067 7275 622d 6d6b d out by grub-mk\n-0001b810: 6e65 7464 6972 206f 6e20 636f 6e66 6967 netdir on config\n-0001b820: 7572 696e 670a 796f 7572 2044 4843 5020 uring.your DHCP \n-0001b830: 7365 7276 6572 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 server... The \n-0001b840: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2066 696c 6520 6973 grub.cfg file is\n-0001b850: 2070 6c61 6365 6420 696e 2074 6865 2073 placed in the s\n-0001b860: 616d 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6173 ame directory as\n-0001b870: 2074 6865 2070 6174 6820 6f75 7470 7574 the path output\n-0001b880: 0a62 7920 6772 7562 2d6d 6b6e 6574 6469 .by grub-mknetdi\n-0001b890: 7220 6865 7265 6166 7465 7220 7265 6665 r hereafter refe\n-0001b8a0: 7272 6564 2074 6f20 6173 2046 5750 4154 rred to as FWPAT\n-0001b8b0: 482e 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2073 6561 H. GRUB will sea\n-0001b8c0: 7263 6820 666f 720a 6974 7320 636f 6e66 rch for.its conf\n-0001b8d0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 iguration files \n-0001b8e0: 696e 206f 7264 6572 2075 7369 6e67 2074 in order using t\n-0001b8f0: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2072 756c he following rul\n-0001b900: 6573 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 0a61 7070 es where the.app\n-0001b910: 656e 6465 6420 7661 6c75 6520 636f 7272 ended value corr\n-0001b920: 6573 706f 6e64 7320 746f 2061 2076 616c esponds to a val\n-0001b930: 7565 206f 6e20 7468 6520 636c 6965 6e74 ue on the client\n-0001b940: 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 machine... \n-0001b950: e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 ...(FWPATH).../g\n-0001b960: 7275 622e 6366 672d e280 9828 5555 4944 rub.cfg-...(UUID\n-0001b970: 204f 4620 4d41 4348 494e 4529 e280 990a OF MACHINE)....\n-0001b980: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 ...(FWPATH)\n-0001b990: e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2de2 8098 .../grub.cfg-...\n-0001b9a0: 284d 4143 2041 4444 5245 5353 204f 4620 (MAC ADDRESS OF \n-0001b9b0: 4e49 4329 e280 990a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 NIC).... ...\n-0001b9c0: 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 (FWPATH).../grub\n-0001b9d0: 2e63 6667 2de2 8098 2849 5076 3420 4f52 .cfg-...(IPv4 OR\n-0001b9e0: 2049 5076 3620 4144 4452 4553 5329 e280 IPv6 ADDRESS)..\n-0001b9f0: 990a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 .. ...(FWPAT\n-0001ba00: 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 0a0a H).../grub.cfg..\n-0001ba10: 2020 2054 6865 2055 5549 4420 6973 2074 The UUID is t\n-0001ba20: 6865 2043 6c69 656e 7420 4d61 6368 696e he Client Machin\n-0001ba30: 6520 4964 656e 7469 6669 6572 204f 7074 e Identifier Opt\n-0001ba40: 696f 6e20 4465 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 2061 ion Definition a\n-0001ba50: 730a 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 696e 2052 s.specified in R\n-0001ba60: 4643 2034 3537 382e 2020 5468 6520 636c FC 4578. The cl\n-0001ba70: 6965 6e74 2077 696c 6c20 6f6e 6c79 2061 ient will only a\n-0001ba80: 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 6c6f 6f75 6b20 ttempt to loouk \n-0001ba90: 7570 2061 2055 5549 440a 636f 6e66 6967 up a UUID.config\n-0001baa0: 2066 696c 6520 6966 2069 7420 7761 7320 file if it was \n-0001bab0: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 provided by the \n-0001bac0: 4448 4350 2073 6572 7665 722e 0a0a 2020 DHCP server... \n-0001bad0: 2054 6865 2063 6c69 656e 7420 7769 6c6c The client will\n-0001bae0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6174 7465 6d70 7420 746f only attempt to\n-0001baf0: 206c 6f6f 6b20 7570 2061 6e20 4950 7636 look up an IPv6\n-0001bb00: 2061 6464 7265 7373 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 address config \n-0001bb10: 6f6e 6365 2c0a 686f 7765 7665 722c 2069 once,.however, i\n-0001bb20: 7420 7769 6c6c 2074 7279 2074 6865 2049 t will try the I\n-0001bb30: 5076 3420 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2074 696d Pv4 multiple tim\n-0001bb40: 6573 2e20 2054 6865 2063 6f6e 6372 6574 es. The concret\n-0001bb50: 6520 6578 616d 706c 650a 6265 6c6f 7720 e example.below \n-0001bb60: 7368 6f77 7320 7768 6174 2077 6f75 6c64 shows what would\n-0001bb70: 2068 6170 7065 6e20 756e 6465 7220 7468 happen under th\n-0001bb80: 6520 4950 7634 2063 6173 652e 0a0a 2020 e IPv4 case... \n-0001bb90: 2020 2055 5549 443a 2037 3732 3661 3637 UUID: 7726a67\n-0001bba0: 382d 3766 6330 2d34 3835 332d 6134 6636 8-7fc0-4853-a4f6\n-0001bbb0: 2d63 3835 6163 3336 6131 3230 610a 2020 -c85ac36a120a. \n-0001bbc0: 2020 204d 4143 3a20 2035 323a 3534 3a30 MAC: 52:54:0\n-0001bbd0: 303a 6563 3a33 333a 3831 0a20 2020 2020 0:ec:33:81. \n-0001bbe0: 4950 5634 3a20 3130 2e30 2e30 2e31 3330 IPV4: 10.0.0.130\n-0001bbf0: 2028 3041 3030 3030 3832 290a 0a20 2020 (0A000082).. \n-0001bc00: 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 ...(FWPATH)...\n-0001bc10: 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d 3737 3236 6136 /grub.cfg-7726a6\n-0001bc20: 3738 2d37 6663 302d 3438 3533 2d61 3466 78-7fc0-4853-a4f\n-0001bc30: 362d 6338 3561 6333 3661 3132 3061 0a20 6-c85ac36a120a. \n-0001bc40: 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 ...(FWPATH).\n-0001bc50: 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d 3532 2d35 ../grub.cfg-52-5\n-0001bc60: 342d 3030 2d65 632d 3333 2d38 310a 2020 4-00-ec-33-81. \n-0001bc70: 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 ...(FWPATH)..\n-0001bc80: 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2d30 4130 3030 ./grub.cfg-0A000\n-0001bc90: 3038 320a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 082. ...(FWP\n-0001bca0: 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 ATH).../grub.cfg\n-0001bcb0: 2d30 4130 3030 3038 0a20 2020 2020 e280 -0A00008. ..\n-0001bcc0: 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 .(FWPATH).../gru\n-0001bcd0: 622e 6366 672d 3041 3030 3030 0a20 2020 b.cfg-0A0000. \n-0001bce0: 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 ...(FWPATH)...\n-0001bcf0: 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d 3041 3030 300a /grub.cfg-0A000.\n-0001bd00: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 ...(FWPATH)\n-0001bd10: e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2d30 4130 .../grub.cfg-0A0\n-0001bd20: 300a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 0. ...(FWPAT\n-0001bd30: 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2d30 H).../grub.cfg-0\n-0001bd40: 4130 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 A0. ...(FWPA\n-0001bd50: 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d TH).../grub.cfg-\n-0001bd60: 3041 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 0A. ...(FWPA\n-0001bd70: 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d TH).../grub.cfg-\n-0001bd80: 300a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 0. ...(FWPAT\n-0001bd90: 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 0a0a H).../grub.cfg..\n-0001bda0: 2020 2054 6869 7320 6665 6174 7572 6520 This feature \n-0001bdb0: 6973 2065 6e61 626c 6564 2062 7920 6465 is enabled by de\n-0001bdc0: 6661 756c 7420 6275 7420 6974 2063 616e fault but it can\n-0001bdd0: 2062 6520 6469 7361 626c 6564 2062 7920 be disabled by \n-0001bde0: 7365 7474 696e 670a 7468 6520 e280 9866 setting.the ...f\n-0001bdf0: 6561 7475 7265 5f6e 6574 5f73 6561 7263 eature_net_searc\n-0001be00: 685f 6366 67e2 8099 2074 6f20 e280 986e h_cfg... to ...n\n-0001be10: e280 992e 2020 5369 6e63 6520 7468 6973 .... Since this\n-0001be20: 2068 6170 7065 6e73 2062 6566 6f72 6520 happens before \n-0001be30: 7468 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f the.configuratio\n-0001be40: 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7265 6164 2062 n file is read b\n-0001be50: 7920 4752 5542 2c20 7468 6973 206f 7074 y GRUB, this opt\n-0001be60: 696f 6e20 6861 7320 746f 2062 6520 6469 ion has to be di\n-0001be70: 7361 626c 6564 2069 6e20 616e 0a65 6d62 sabled in an.emb\n-0001be80: 6564 6465 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 edded configurat\n-0001be90: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 ion file (*note \n-0001bea0: 456d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 Embedded configu\n-0001beb0: 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2041 ration::)... A\n-0001bec0: 6674 6572 2047 5255 4220 6861 7320 7374 fter GRUB has st\n-0001bed0: 6172 7465 642c 2066 696c 6573 206f 6e20 arted, files on \n-0001bee0: 7468 6520 5446 5450 2073 6572 7665 7220 the TFTP server \n-0001bef0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6163 6365 7373 6962 will be accessib\n-0001bf00: 6c65 0a76 6961 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2874 le.via the ...(t\n-0001bf10: 6674 7029 e280 9920 6465 7669 6365 2e0a ftp)... device..\n-0001bf20: 0a20 2020 5468 6520 7365 7276 6572 2049 . The server I\n-0001bf30: 5020 6164 6472 6573 7320 6361 6e20 6265 P address can be\n-0001bf40: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c65 6420 6279 2063 controlled by c\n-0001bf50: 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 9828 hanging the ...(\n-0001bf60: 7466 7470 29e2 8099 0a64 6576 6963 6520 tftp)....device \n-0001bf70: 6e61 6d65 2074 6f20 e280 9828 7466 7470 name to ...(tftp\n-0001bf80: 2c53 4552 5645 522d 4950 29e2 8099 2e20 ,SERVER-IP).... \n-0001bf90: 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2074 6869 7320 Note that this \n-0001bfa0: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6368 616e 6765 should be change\n-0001bfb0: 640a 626f 7468 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7072 d.both in the pr\n-0001bfc0: 6566 6978 2061 6e64 2069 6e20 616e 7920 efix and in any \n-0001bfd0: 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6573 2074 6f20 7468 references to th\n-0001bfe0: 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 696e e device name in\n-0001bff0: 2074 6865 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 the.configurati\n-0001c000: 6f6e 2066 696c 652e 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 on file... GRU\n-0001c010: 4220 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2073 6576 6572 B provides sever\n-0001c020: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n-0001c030: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2077 6869 6368 206d ariables which m\n-0001c040: 6179 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f0a 696e ay be used to.in\n-0001c050: 7370 6563 7420 6f72 2063 6861 6e67 6520 spect or change \n-0001c060: 7468 6520 6265 6861 7669 6f75 7220 6f66 the behaviour of\n-0001c070: 2074 6865 2050 5845 2064 6576 6963 652e the PXE device.\n-0001c080: 2020 496e 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 In the followi\n-0001c090: 6e67 0a64 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 203c ng.description <\n-0001c0a0: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 2069 7320 706c INTERFACE> is pl\n-0001c0b0: 6163 6568 6f6c 6465 7220 666f 7220 7468 aceholder for th\n-0001c0c0: 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 6e65 7477 6f72 e name of networ\n-0001c0d0: 6b20 696e 7465 7266 6163 650a 2870 6c61 k interface.(pla\n-0001c0e0: 7466 6f72 6d20 6465 7065 6e64 656e 7429 tform dependent)\n-0001c0f0: 3a0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 :.....net__ip.... \n-0001c110: 2054 6865 206e 6574 776f 726b 2069 6e74 The network int\n-0001c120: 6572 6661 6365 2773 2049 5020 6164 6472 erface's IP addr\n-0001c130: 6573 732e 2020 5265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 792e ess. Read-only.\n-0001c140: 0a0a e280 986e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 .....net__mac.... \n-0001c160: 2054 6865 206e 6574 776f 726b 2069 6e74 The network int\n-0001c170: 6572 6661 6365 2773 204d 4143 2061 6464 erface's MAC add\n-0001c180: 7265 7373 2e20 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 ress. Read-only\n-0001c190: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 ......net__clientid..\n-0001c1b0: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2063 6c69 656e .. The clien\n-0001c1c0: 7420 6964 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 t id provided by\n-0001c1d0: 2044 4843 502e 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 DHCP. Read-only\n-0001c1e0: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 ......net__clientuuid\n-0001c200: e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2063 6c69 .... The cli\n-0001c210: 656e 7420 7575 6964 2070 726f 7669 6465 ent uuid provide\n-0001c220: 6420 6279 2044 4843 502e 2052 6561 642d d by DHCP. Read-\n-0001c230: 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 only......net__hostna\n-0001c250: 6d65 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2063 me.... The c\n-0001c260: 6c69 656e 7420 686f 7374 206e 616d 6520 lient host name \n-0001c270: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 4448 4350 provided by DHCP\n-0001c280: 2e20 5265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 792e 0a0a e280 . Read-only.....\n-0001c290: 986e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e .net_\n-0001c2a0: 5f64 6f6d 6169 6ee2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 _domain.... \n-0001c2b0: 5468 6520 636c 6965 6e74 2064 6f6d 6169 The client domai\n-0001c2c0: 6e20 6e61 6d65 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 n name provided \n-0001c2d0: 6279 2044 4843 502e 2052 6561 642d 6f6e by DHCP. Read-on\n-0001c2e0: 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 ly......net__rootpath\n-0001c300: e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2070 6174 .... The pat\n-0001c310: 6820 746f 2074 6865 2063 6c69 656e 7427 h to the client'\n-0001c320: 7320 726f 6f74 2064 6973 6b20 7072 6f76 s root disk prov\n-0001c330: 6964 6564 2062 7920 4448 4350 2e20 5265 ided by DHCP. Re\n-0001c340: 6164 2d6f 6e6c 792e 0a0a e280 986e 6574 ad-only......net\n-0001c350: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f65 7874 __ext\n-0001c360: 656e 7369 6f6e 7370 6174 68e2 8099 0a20 ensionspath.... \n-0001c370: 2020 2020 5468 6520 7061 7468 2074 6f20 The path to \n-0001c380: 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2044 4843 5020 additional DHCP \n-0001c390: 7665 6e64 6f72 2065 7874 656e 7369 6f6e vendor extension\n-0001c3a0: 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 4448 s provided by DH\n-0001c3b0: 4350 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 6561 642d 6f6e CP.. Read-on\n-0001c3c0: 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 ly......net__boot_fil\n-0001c3e0: 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 626f e.... The bo\n-0001c3f0: 6f74 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2070 726f ot file name pro\n-0001c400: 7669 6465 6420 6279 2044 4843 502e 2052 vided by DHCP. R\n-0001c410: 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 ead-only......ne\n-0001c420: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6468 t__dh\n-0001c430: 6370 5f73 6572 7665 725f 6e61 6d65 e280 cp_server_name..\n-0001c440: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206e 616d 6520 .. The name \n-0001c450: 6f66 2074 6865 2044 4843 5020 7365 7276 of the DHCP serv\n-0001c460: 6572 2072 6573 706f 6e73 6962 6c65 2066 er responsible f\n-0001c470: 6f72 2074 6865 7365 2062 6f6f 7420 7061 or these boot pa\n-0001c480: 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 rameters.. R\n-0001c490: 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 ead-only......ne\n-0001c4a0: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6e65 t__ne\n-0001c4b0: 7874 5f73 6572 7665 72e2 8099 0a20 2020 xt_server.... \n-0001c4c0: 2020 5468 6520 4950 2061 6464 7265 7373 The IP address\n-0001c4d0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6e65 7874 2028 7573 of the next (us\n-0001c4e0: 7561 6c6c 792c 2054 4654 5029 2073 6572 ually, TFTP) ser\n-0001c4f0: 7665 7220 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 ver provided by \n-0001c500: 4448 4350 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 6561 642d DHCP.. Read-\n-0001c510: 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 6465 only......net_de\n-0001c520: 6661 756c 745f 696e 7465 7266 6163 65e2 fault_interface.\n-0001c530: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 496e 6974 6961 6c6c ... Initiall\n-0001c540: 7920 7365 7420 746f 206e 616d 6520 6f66 y set to name of\n-0001c550: 206e 6574 776f 726b 2069 6e74 6572 6661 network interfa\n-0001c560: 6365 2074 6861 7420 7761 7320 7573 6564 ce that was used\n-0001c570: 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 0a20 2020 2020 6772 to load. gr\n-0001c580: 7562 2e20 2052 6561 642d 7772 6974 652c ub. Read-write,\n-0001c590: 2061 6c74 686f 7567 6820 7365 7474 696e although settin\n-0001c5a0: 6720 6974 2061 6666 6563 7473 206f 6e6c g it affects onl\n-0001c5b0: 7920 696e 7465 7270 7265 7461 7469 6f6e y interpretation\n-0001c5c0: 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 20e2 8098 6e65 745f . of ...net_\n-0001c5d0: 6465 6661 756c 745f 6970 e280 9920 616e default_ip... an\n-0001c5e0: 6420 e280 986e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 d ...net_default\n-0001c5f0: 5f6d 6163 e280 990a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f _mac........net_\n-0001c600: 6465 6661 756c 745f 6970 e280 990a 2020 default_ip.... \n-0001c610: 2020 2054 6865 2049 5020 6164 6472 6573 The IP addres\n-0001c620: 7320 6f66 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 6e74 s of default int\n-0001c630: 6572 6661 6365 2e20 2052 6561 642d 6f6e erface. Read-on\n-0001c640: 6c79 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2061 6c69 ly. This is ali\n-0001c650: 6173 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 as for. the \n-0001c660: e280 986e 6574 5f24 7b6e 6574 5f64 6566 ...net_${net_def\n-0001c670: 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 7d5f ault_interface}_\n-0001c680: 6970 e280 992e 0a0a e280 986e 6574 5f64 ip.........net_d\n-0001c690: 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 e280 990a 2020 efault_mac.... \n-0001c6a0: 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 The default i\n-0001c6b0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2773 204d 4143 2061 nterface's MAC a\n-0001c6c0: 6464 7265 7373 2e20 2052 6561 642d 6f6e ddress. Read-on\n-0001c6d0: 6c79 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2061 6c69 ly. This is ali\n-0001c6e0: 6173 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 as for. the \n-0001c6f0: e280 986e 6574 5f24 7b6e 6574 5f64 6566 ...net_${net_def\n-0001c700: 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 7d5f ault_interface}_\n-0001c710: 6d61 63e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f mac.........net_\n-0001c720: 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 e280 default_server..\n-0001c730: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 .. The defau\n-0001c740: 6c74 2073 6572 7665 7220 7573 6564 2062 lt server used b\n-0001c750: 7920 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6472 6976 6573 y network drives\n-0001c760: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4465 7669 6365 2073 (*note Device s\n-0001c770: 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 yntax::).. R\n-0001c780: 6561 642d 7772 6974 652c 2061 6c74 686f ead-write, altho\n-0001c790: 7567 6820 7365 7474 696e 6720 7468 6973 ugh setting this\n-0001c7a0: 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 6675 6c20 is only useful \n-0001c7b0: 6265 666f 7265 206f 7065 6e69 6e67 2061 before opening a\n-0001c7c0: 0a20 2020 2020 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6465 . network de\n-0001c7d0: 7669 6365 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 vice.....File: g\n-0001c7e0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-0001c7f0: 2053 6572 6961 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c Serial terminal\n-0001c800: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2056 656e 646f 7220 , Next: Vendor \n-0001c810: 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 732c 2020 power-on keys, \n-0001c820: 5072 6576 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b2c 2020 Prev: Network, \n-0001c830: 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a39 2055 7369 6e67 Up: Top..9 Using\n-0001c840: 2047 5255 4220 7669 6120 6120 7365 7269 GRUB via a seri\n-0001c850: 616c 206c 696e 650a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a al line.********\n+0001b650: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a54 6865 ***********..The\n+0001b660: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2069 6e73 7472 following instr\n+0001b670: 7563 7469 6f6e 7320 646f 6e27 7420 776f uctions don't wo\n+0001b680: 726b 2066 6f72 202a 2d65 6d75 2c20 6933 rk for *-emu, i3\n+0001b690: 3836 2d71 656d 752c 0a69 3338 362d 636f 86-qemu,.i386-co\n+0001b6a0: 7265 626f 6f74 2c20 6933 3836 2d6d 756c reboot, i386-mul\n+0001b6b0: 7469 626f 6f74 2c20 6d69 7073 5f6c 6f6f tiboot, mips_loo\n+0001b6c0: 6e67 736f 6e2c 206d 6970 732d 6172 6320 ngson, mips-arc \n+0001b6d0: 616e 640a 6d69 7073 5f71 656d 755f 6d69 and.mips_qemu_mi\n+0001b6e0: 7073 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 6765 6e65 7261 ps.. To genera\n+0001b6f0: 7465 2061 206e 6574 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 te a netbootable\n+0001b700: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2c20 7275 6e3a directory, run:\n+0001b710: 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 6e65 .. grub-mkne\n+0001b720: 7464 6972 202d 2d6e 6574 2d64 6972 6563 tdir --net-direc\n+0001b730: 746f 7279 3d2f 7372 762f 7466 7470 202d tory=/srv/tftp -\n+0001b740: 2d73 7562 6469 723d 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 -subdir=/boot/gr\n+0001b750: 7562 202d 6420 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f67 ub -d /usr/lib/g\n+0001b760: 7275 622f 3c70 6c61 7466 6f72 6d3e 0a0a rub/..\n+0001b770: 2020 2045 2e67 2e20 2066 6f72 2069 3338 E.g. for i38\n+0001b780: 362d 7063 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6772 7562 6-pc:.. grub\n+0001b790: 2d6d 6b6e 6574 6469 7220 2d2d 6e65 742d -mknetdir --net-\n+0001b7a0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f73 7276 2f74 directory=/srv/t\n+0001b7b0: 6674 7020 2d2d 7375 6264 6972 3d2f 626f ftp --subdir=/bo\n+0001b7c0: 6f74 2f67 7275 6220 2d64 202f 7573 722f ot/grub -d /usr/\n+0001b7d0: 6c69 622f 6772 7562 2f69 3338 362d 7063 lib/grub/i386-pc\n+0001b7e0: 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 6e20 666f 6c6c 6f77 .. Then follow\n+0001b7f0: 2069 6e73 7472 7563 7469 6f6e 7320 7072 instructions pr\n+0001b800: 696e 7465 6420 6f75 7420 6279 2067 7275 inted out by gru\n+0001b810: 622d 6d6b 6e65 7464 6972 206f 6e20 636f b-mknetdir on co\n+0001b820: 6e66 6967 7572 696e 670a 796f 7572 2044 nfiguring.your D\n+0001b830: 4843 5020 7365 7276 6572 2e0a 0a20 2020 HCP server... \n+0001b840: 5468 6520 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2066 696c The grub.cfg fil\n+0001b850: 6520 6973 2070 6c61 6365 6420 696e 2074 e is placed in t\n+0001b860: 6865 2073 616d 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 he same director\n+0001b870: 7920 6173 2074 6865 2070 6174 6820 6f75 y as the path ou\n+0001b880: 7470 7574 0a62 7920 6772 7562 2d6d 6b6e tput.by grub-mkn\n+0001b890: 6574 6469 7220 6865 7265 6166 7465 7220 etdir hereafter \n+0001b8a0: 7265 6665 7272 6564 2074 6f20 6173 2046 referred to as F\n+0001b8b0: 5750 4154 482e 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c WPATH. GRUB will\n+0001b8c0: 2073 6561 7263 6820 666f 720a 6974 7320 search for.its \n+0001b8d0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n+0001b8e0: 6c65 7320 696e 206f 7264 6572 2075 7369 les in order usi\n+0001b8f0: 6e67 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 ng the following\n+0001b900: 2072 756c 6573 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 rules where the\n+0001b910: 0a61 7070 656e 6465 6420 7661 6c75 6520 .appended value \n+0001b920: 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 7320 746f 2061 corresponds to a\n+0001b930: 2076 616c 7565 206f 6e20 7468 6520 636c value on the cl\n+0001b940: 6965 6e74 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2e0a 0a20 ient machine... \n+0001b950: 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 ...(FWPATH).\n+0001b960: 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d e280 9828 ../grub.cfg-...(\n+0001b970: 5555 4944 204f 4620 4d41 4348 494e 4529 UUID OF MACHINE)\n+0001b980: e280 990a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 .... ...(FWP\n+0001b990: 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 ATH).../grub.cfg\n+0001b9a0: 2de2 8098 284d 4143 2041 4444 5245 5353 -...(MAC ADDRESS\n+0001b9b0: 204f 4620 4e49 4329 e280 990a 2020 2020 OF NIC).... \n+0001b9c0: 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f ...(FWPATH).../\n+0001b9d0: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2de2 8098 2849 5076 grub.cfg-...(IPv\n+0001b9e0: 3420 4f52 2049 5076 3620 4144 4452 4553 4 OR IPv6 ADDRES\n+0001b9f0: 5329 e280 990a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 S).... ...(F\n+0001ba00: 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 WPATH).../grub.c\n+0001ba10: 6667 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2055 5549 4420 fg.. The UUID \n+0001ba20: 6973 2074 6865 2043 6c69 656e 7420 4d61 is the Client Ma\n+0001ba30: 6368 696e 6520 4964 656e 7469 6669 6572 chine Identifier\n+0001ba40: 204f 7074 696f 6e20 4465 6669 6e69 7469 Option Definiti\n+0001ba50: 6f6e 2061 730a 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 on as.specified \n+0001ba60: 696e 2052 4643 2034 3537 382e 2020 5468 in RFC 4578. Th\n+0001ba70: 6520 636c 6965 6e74 2077 696c 6c20 6f6e e client will on\n+0001ba80: 6c79 2061 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 6c6f ly attempt to lo\n+0001ba90: 6f75 6b20 7570 2061 2055 5549 440a 636f ouk up a UUID.co\n+0001baa0: 6e66 6967 2066 696c 6520 6966 2069 7420 nfig file if it \n+0001bab0: 7761 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 was provided by \n+0001bac0: 7468 6520 4448 4350 2073 6572 7665 722e the DHCP server.\n+0001bad0: 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2063 6c69 656e 7420 .. The client \n+0001bae0: 7769 6c6c 206f 6e6c 7920 6174 7465 6d70 will only attemp\n+0001baf0: 7420 746f 206c 6f6f 6b20 7570 2061 6e20 t to look up an \n+0001bb00: 4950 7636 2061 6464 7265 7373 2063 6f6e IPv6 address con\n+0001bb10: 6669 6720 6f6e 6365 2c0a 686f 7765 7665 fig once,.howeve\n+0001bb20: 722c 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2074 7279 2074 r, it will try t\n+0001bb30: 6865 2049 5076 3420 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 he IPv4 multiple\n+0001bb40: 2074 696d 6573 2e20 2054 6865 2063 6f6e times. The con\n+0001bb50: 6372 6574 6520 6578 616d 706c 650a 6265 crete example.be\n+0001bb60: 6c6f 7720 7368 6f77 7320 7768 6174 2077 low shows what w\n+0001bb70: 6f75 6c64 2068 6170 7065 6e20 756e 6465 ould happen unde\n+0001bb80: 7220 7468 6520 4950 7634 2063 6173 652e r the IPv4 case.\n+0001bb90: 0a0a 2020 2020 2055 5549 443a 2037 3732 .. UUID: 772\n+0001bba0: 3661 3637 382d 3766 6330 2d34 3835 332d 6a678-7fc0-4853-\n+0001bbb0: 6134 6636 2d63 3835 6163 3336 6131 3230 a4f6-c85ac36a120\n+0001bbc0: 610a 2020 2020 204d 4143 3a20 2035 323a a. MAC: 52:\n+0001bbd0: 3534 3a30 303a 6563 3a33 333a 3831 0a20 54:00:ec:33:81. \n+0001bbe0: 2020 2020 4950 5634 3a20 3130 2e30 2e30 IPV4: 10.0.0\n+0001bbf0: 2e31 3330 2028 3041 3030 3030 3832 290a .130 (0A000082).\n+0001bc00: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 . ...(FWPATH\n+0001bc10: 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d 3737 ).../grub.cfg-77\n+0001bc20: 3236 6136 3738 2d37 6663 302d 3438 3533 26a678-7fc0-4853\n+0001bc30: 2d61 3466 362d 6338 3561 6333 3661 3132 -a4f6-c85ac36a12\n+0001bc40: 3061 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 0a. ...(FWPA\n+0001bc50: 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d TH).../grub.cfg-\n+0001bc60: 3532 2d35 342d 3030 2d65 632d 3333 2d38 52-54-00-ec-33-8\n+0001bc70: 310a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 4154 1. ...(FWPAT\n+0001bc80: 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 2d30 H).../grub.cfg-0\n+0001bc90: 4130 3030 3038 320a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 A000082. ...\n+0001bca0: 2846 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 (FWPATH).../grub\n+0001bcb0: 2e63 6667 2d30 4130 3030 3038 0a20 2020 .cfg-0A00008. \n+0001bcc0: 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 ...(FWPATH)...\n+0001bcd0: 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d 3041 3030 3030 /grub.cfg-0A0000\n+0001bce0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 4657 5041 5448 . ...(FWPATH\n+0001bcf0: 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e 6366 672d 3041 ).../grub.cfg-0A\n+0001bd00: 3030 300a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 5750 000. ...(FWP\n+0001bd10: 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 ATH).../grub.cfg\n+0001bd20: 2d30 4130 300a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 -0A00. ...(F\n+0001bd30: 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 WPATH).../grub.c\n+0001bd40: 6667 2d30 4130 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 fg-0A0. ...(\n+0001bd50: 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e FWPATH).../grub.\n+0001bd60: 6366 672d 3041 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9828 cfg-0A. ...(\n+0001bd70: 4657 5041 5448 29e2 8099 2f67 7275 622e FWPATH).../grub.\n+0001bd80: 6366 672d 300a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2846 cfg-0. ...(F\n+0001bd90: 5750 4154 4829 e280 992f 6772 7562 2e63 WPATH).../grub.c\n+0001bda0: 6667 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 6665 6174 fg.. This feat\n+0001bdb0: 7572 6520 6973 2065 6e61 626c 6564 2062 ure is enabled b\n+0001bdc0: 7920 6465 6661 756c 7420 6275 7420 6974 y default but it\n+0001bdd0: 2063 616e 2062 6520 6469 7361 626c 6564 can be disabled\n+0001bde0: 2062 7920 7365 7474 696e 670a 7468 6520 by setting.the \n+0001bdf0: e280 9866 6561 7475 7265 5f6e 6574 5f73 ...feature_net_s\n+0001be00: 6561 7263 685f 6366 67e2 8099 2074 6f20 earch_cfg... to \n+0001be10: e280 986e e280 992e 2020 5369 6e63 6520 ...n.... Since \n+0001be20: 7468 6973 2068 6170 7065 6e73 2062 6566 this happens bef\n+0001be30: 6f72 6520 7468 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ore the.configur\n+0001be40: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7265 ation file is re\n+0001be50: 6164 2062 7920 4752 5542 2c20 7468 6973 ad by GRUB, this\n+0001be60: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6861 7320 746f 2062 option has to b\n+0001be70: 6520 6469 7361 626c 6564 2069 6e20 616e e disabled in an\n+0001be80: 0a65 6d62 6564 6465 6420 636f 6e66 6967 .embedded config\n+0001be90: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2028 2a6e uration file (*n\n+0001bea0: 6f74 6520 456d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f6e ote Embedded con\n+0001beb0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 0a0a figuration::)...\n+0001bec0: 2020 2041 6674 6572 2047 5255 4220 6861 After GRUB ha\n+0001bed0: 7320 7374 6172 7465 642c 2066 696c 6573 s started, files\n+0001bee0: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 5446 5450 2073 6572 on the TFTP ser\n+0001bef0: 7665 7220 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6163 6365 ver will be acce\n+0001bf00: 7373 6962 6c65 0a76 6961 2074 6865 20e2 ssible.via the .\n+0001bf10: 8098 2874 6674 7029 e280 9920 6465 7669 ..(tftp)... devi\n+0001bf20: 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 7365 7276 ce... The serv\n+0001bf30: 6572 2049 5020 6164 6472 6573 7320 6361 er IP address ca\n+0001bf40: 6e20 6265 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c65 6420 n be controlled \n+0001bf50: 6279 2063 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 6520 by changing the \n+0001bf60: e280 9828 7466 7470 29e2 8099 0a64 6576 ...(tftp)....dev\n+0001bf70: 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2074 6f20 e280 9828 ice name to ...(\n+0001bf80: 7466 7470 2c53 4552 5645 522d 4950 29e2 tftp,SERVER-IP).\n+0001bf90: 8099 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2074 ... Note that t\n+0001bfa0: 6869 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6368 his should be ch\n+0001bfb0: 616e 6765 640a 626f 7468 2069 6e20 7468 anged.both in th\n+0001bfc0: 6520 7072 6566 6978 2061 6e64 2069 6e20 e prefix and in \n+0001bfd0: 616e 7920 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6573 2074 any references t\n+0001bfe0: 6f20 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d o the device nam\n+0001bff0: 6520 696e 2074 6865 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 e in the.configu\n+0001c000: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 652e 0a0a 2020 ration file... \n+0001c010: 2047 5255 4220 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2073 GRUB provides s\n+0001c020: 6576 6572 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 everal environme\n+0001c030: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2077 6869 nt variables whi\n+0001c040: 6368 206d 6179 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 ch may be used t\n+0001c050: 6f0a 696e 7370 6563 7420 6f72 2063 6861 o.inspect or cha\n+0001c060: 6e67 6520 7468 6520 6265 6861 7669 6f75 nge the behaviou\n+0001c070: 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2050 5845 2064 6576 r of the PXE dev\n+0001c080: 6963 652e 2020 496e 2074 6865 2066 6f6c ice. In the fol\n+0001c090: 6c6f 7769 6e67 0a64 6573 6372 6970 7469 lowing.descripti\n+0001c0a0: 6f6e 203c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 2069 on i\n+0001c0b0: 7320 706c 6163 6568 6f6c 6465 7220 666f s placeholder fo\n+0001c0c0: 7220 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 6e65 r the name of ne\n+0001c0d0: 7477 6f72 6b20 696e 7465 7266 6163 650a twork interface.\n+0001c0e0: 2870 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 6465 7065 6e64 (platform depend\n+0001c0f0: 656e 7429 3a0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 ent):.....net__ip....\n+0001c110: 2020 2020 2054 6865 206e 6574 776f 726b The network\n+0001c120: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2773 2049 5020 interface's IP \n+0001c130: 6164 6472 6573 732e 2020 5265 6164 2d6f address. Read-o\n+0001c140: 6e6c 792e 0a0a e280 986e 6574 5f3c 494e nly......net__mac....\n+0001c160: 2020 2020 2054 6865 206e 6574 776f 726b The network\n+0001c170: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2773 204d 4143 interface's MAC\n+0001c180: 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e20 2052 6561 642d address. Read-\n+0001c190: 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 only......net__client\n+0001c1b0: 6964 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2063 id.... The c\n+0001c1c0: 6c69 656e 7420 6964 2070 726f 7669 6465 lient id provide\n+0001c1d0: 6420 6279 2044 4843 502e 2052 6561 642d d by DHCP. Read-\n+0001c1e0: 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 only......net__client\n+0001c200: 7575 6964 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 uuid.... The\n+0001c210: 2063 6c69 656e 7420 7575 6964 2070 726f client uuid pro\n+0001c220: 7669 6465 6420 6279 2044 4843 502e 2052 vided by DHCP. R\n+0001c230: 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 ead-only......ne\n+0001c240: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 686f t__ho\n+0001c250: 7374 6e61 6d65 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 stname.... T\n+0001c260: 6865 2063 6c69 656e 7420 686f 7374 206e he client host n\n+0001c270: 616d 6520 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 ame provided by \n+0001c280: 4448 4350 2e20 5265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 792e DHCP. Read-only.\n+0001c290: 0a0a e280 986e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 .....net__domain.... \n+0001c2b0: 2020 2020 5468 6520 636c 6965 6e74 2064 The client d\n+0001c2c0: 6f6d 6169 6e20 6e61 6d65 2070 726f 7669 omain name provi\n+0001c2d0: 6465 6420 6279 2044 4843 502e 2052 6561 ded by DHCP. Rea\n+0001c2e0: 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f d-only......net_\n+0001c2f0: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 726f 6f74 _root\n+0001c300: 7061 7468 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 path.... The\n+0001c310: 2070 6174 6820 746f 2074 6865 2063 6c69 path to the cli\n+0001c320: 656e 7427 7320 726f 6f74 2064 6973 6b20 ent's root disk \n+0001c330: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 4448 4350 provided by DHCP\n+0001c340: 2e20 5265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 792e 0a0a e280 . Read-only.....\n+0001c350: 986e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e .net_\n+0001c360: 5f65 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 7370 6174 68e2 _extensionspath.\n+0001c370: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 7061 7468 ... The path\n+0001c380: 2074 6f20 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2044 to additional D\n+0001c390: 4843 5020 7665 6e64 6f72 2065 7874 656e HCP vendor exten\n+0001c3a0: 7369 6f6e 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 sions provided b\n+0001c3b0: 7920 4448 4350 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 6561 y DHCP.. Rea\n+0001c3c0: 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 745f d-only......net_\n+0001c3d0: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 626f 6f74 _boot\n+0001c3e0: 5f66 696c 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 _file.... Th\n+0001c3f0: 6520 626f 6f74 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 e boot file name\n+0001c400: 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 2044 4843 provided by DHC\n+0001c410: 502e 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 P. Read-only....\n+0001c420: 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 ..net__dhcp_server_na\n+0001c440: 6d65 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206e me.... The n\n+0001c450: 616d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2044 4843 5020 ame of the DHCP \n+0001c460: 7365 7276 6572 2072 6573 706f 6e73 6962 server responsib\n+0001c470: 6c65 2066 6f72 2074 6865 7365 2062 6f6f le for these boo\n+0001c480: 7420 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2e0a 2020 t parameters.. \n+0001c490: 2020 2052 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 Read-only....\n+0001c4a0: 8098 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 ..net__next_server...\n+0001c4c0: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 4950 2061 6464 . The IP add\n+0001c4d0: 7265 7373 206f 6620 7468 6520 6e65 7874 ress of the next\n+0001c4e0: 2028 7573 7561 6c6c 792c 2054 4654 5029 (usually, TFTP)\n+0001c4f0: 2073 6572 7665 7220 7072 6f76 6964 6564 server provided\n+0001c500: 2062 7920 4448 4350 2e0a 2020 2020 2052 by DHCP.. R\n+0001c510: 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6e65 ead-only......ne\n+0001c520: 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 696e 7465 7266 t_default_interf\n+0001c530: 6163 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 496e 6974 ace.... Init\n+0001c540: 6961 6c6c 7920 7365 7420 746f 206e 616d ially set to nam\n+0001c550: 6520 6f66 206e 6574 776f 726b 2069 6e74 e of network int\n+0001c560: 6572 6661 6365 2074 6861 7420 7761 7320 erface that was \n+0001c570: 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 0a20 2020 used to load. \n+0001c580: 2020 6772 7562 2e20 2052 6561 642d 7772 grub. Read-wr\n+0001c590: 6974 652c 2061 6c74 686f 7567 6820 7365 ite, although se\n+0001c5a0: 7474 696e 6720 6974 2061 6666 6563 7473 tting it affects\n+0001c5b0: 206f 6e6c 7920 696e 7465 7270 7265 7461 only interpreta\n+0001c5c0: 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 20e2 8098 tion. of ...\n+0001c5d0: 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6970 e280 net_default_ip..\n+0001c5e0: 9920 616e 6420 e280 986e 6574 5f64 6566 . and ...net_def\n+0001c5f0: 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 e280 990a 0ae2 8098 ault_mac........\n+0001c600: 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6970 e280 net_default_ip..\n+0001c610: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2049 5020 6164 .. The IP ad\n+0001c620: 6472 6573 7320 6f66 2064 6566 6175 6c74 dress of default\n+0001c630: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2e20 2052 6561 interface. Rea\n+0001c640: 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 d-only. This is\n+0001c650: 2061 6c69 6173 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 alias for. \n+0001c660: 7468 6520 e280 986e 6574 5f24 7b6e 6574 the ...net_${net\n+0001c670: 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 _default_interfa\n+0001c680: 6365 7d5f 6970 e280 992e 0a0a e280 986e ce}_ip.........n\n+0001c690: 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 e280 et_default_mac..\n+0001c6a0: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 .. The defau\n+0001c6b0: 6c74 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2773 204d lt interface's M\n+0001c6c0: 4143 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e20 2052 6561 AC address. Rea\n+0001c6d0: 642d 6f6e 6c79 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 d-only. This is\n+0001c6e0: 2061 6c69 6173 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 alias for. \n+0001c6f0: 7468 6520 e280 986e 6574 5f24 7b6e 6574 the ...net_${net\n+0001c700: 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 _default_interfa\n+0001c710: 6365 7d5f 6d61 63e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 ce}_mac.........\n+0001c720: 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 net_default_serv\n+0001c730: 6572 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 er.... The d\n+0001c740: 6566 6175 6c74 2073 6572 7665 7220 7573 efault server us\n+0001c750: 6564 2062 7920 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6472 ed by network dr\n+0001c760: 6976 6573 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4465 7669 ives (*note Devi\n+0001c770: 6365 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2e0a 2020 ce syntax::).. \n+0001c780: 2020 2052 6561 642d 7772 6974 652c 2061 Read-write, a\n+0001c790: 6c74 686f 7567 6820 7365 7474 696e 6720 lthough setting \n+0001c7a0: 7468 6973 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 this is only use\n+0001c7b0: 6675 6c20 6265 666f 7265 206f 7065 6e69 ful before openi\n+0001c7c0: 6e67 2061 0a20 2020 2020 6e65 7477 6f72 ng a. networ\n+0001c7d0: 6b20 6465 7669 6365 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c k device.....Fil\n+0001c7e0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+0001c7f0: 6f64 653a 2053 6572 6961 6c20 7465 726d ode: Serial term\n+0001c800: 696e 616c 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2056 656e inal, Next: Ven\n+0001c810: 646f 7220 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 dor power-on key\n+0001c820: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 s, Prev: Networ\n+0001c830: 6b2c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a39 2055 k, Up: Top..9 U\n+0001c840: 7369 6e67 2047 5255 4220 7669 6120 6120 sing GRUB via a \n+0001c850: 7365 7269 616c 206c 696e 650a 2a2a 2a2a serial line.****\n 0001c860: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0001c870: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 5468 6973 2063 6861 ******..This cha\n-0001c880: 7074 6572 2064 6573 6372 6962 6573 2068 pter describes h\n-0001c890: 6f77 2074 6f20 7573 6520 7468 6520 7365 ow to use the se\n-0001c8a0: 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7375 rial terminal su\n-0001c8b0: 7070 6f72 7420 696e 2047 5255 422e 0a0a pport in GRUB...\n-0001c8c0: 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 206d If you have m\n-0001c8d0: 616e 7920 636f 6d70 7574 6572 7320 6f72 any computers or\n-0001c8e0: 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 7273 2077 6974 6820 computers with \n-0001c8f0: 6e6f 2064 6973 706c 6179 2f6b 6579 626f no display/keybo\n-0001c900: 6172 642c 2069 740a 636f 756c 6420 6265 ard, it.could be\n-0001c910: 2076 6572 7920 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f20 very useful to \n-0001c920: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 7468 6520 636f 6d70 control the comp\n-0001c930: 7574 6572 7320 7468 726f 7567 6820 7365 uters through se\n-0001c940: 7269 616c 0a63 6f6d 6d75 6e69 6361 7469 rial.communicati\n-0001c950: 6f6e 732e 2020 546f 2063 6f6e 6e65 6374 ons. To connect\n-0001c960: 206f 6e65 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 7220 7769 one computer wi\n-0001c970: 7468 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2076 6961 2061 th another via a\n-0001c980: 2073 6572 6961 6c20 6c69 6e65 2c0a 796f serial line,.yo\n-0001c990: 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7072 6570 6172 u need to prepar\n-0001c9a0: 6520 6120 6e75 6c6c 2d6d 6f64 656d 2028 e a null-modem (\n-0001c9b0: 6372 6f73 7329 2073 6572 6961 6c20 6361 cross) serial ca\n-0001c9c0: 626c 652c 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 206d 6179 ble, and you may\n-0001c9d0: 206e 6565 640a 746f 2068 6176 6520 6d75 need.to have mu\n-0001c9e0: 6c74 6970 6f72 7420 7365 7269 616c 2062 ltiport serial b\n-0001c9f0: 6f61 7264 732c 2069 6620 796f 7572 2063 oards, if your c\n-0001ca00: 6f6d 7075 7465 7220 646f 6573 6e27 7420 omputer doesn't \n-0001ca10: 6861 7665 2065 7874 7261 0a73 6572 6961 have extra.seria\n-0001ca20: 6c20 706f 7274 732e 2020 496e 2061 6464 l ports. In add\n-0001ca30: 6974 696f 6e2c 2061 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 ition, a termina\n-0001ca40: 6c20 656d 756c 6174 6f72 2069 7320 616c l emulator is al\n-0001ca50: 736f 2072 6571 7569 7265 642c 2073 7563 so required, suc\n-0001ca60: 680a 6173 206d 696e 6963 6f6d 2e20 2052 h.as minicom. R\n-0001ca70: 6566 6572 2074 6f20 6120 6d61 6e75 616c efer to a manual\n-0001ca80: 206f 6620 796f 7572 206f 7065 7261 7469 of your operati\n-0001ca90: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2066 6f72 206d ng system, for m\n-0001caa0: 6f72 650a 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e ore.information.\n-0001cab0: 0a0a 2020 2041 7320 666f 7220 4752 5542 .. As for GRUB\n-0001cac0: 2c20 7468 6520 696e 7374 7275 6374 696f , the instructio\n-0001cad0: 6e20 746f 2073 6574 2075 7020 6120 7365 n to set up a se\n-0001cae0: 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6973 rial terminal is\n-0001caf0: 2071 7569 7465 0a73 696d 706c 652e 2020 quite.simple. \n-0001cb00: 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e 2065 7861 6d70 Here is an examp\n-0001cb10: 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 le:.. grub> \n-0001cb20: 7365 7269 616c 202d 2d75 6e69 743d 3020 serial --unit=0 \n-0001cb30: 2d2d 7370 6565 643d 3936 3030 0a20 2020 --speed=9600. \n-0001cb40: 2020 6772 7562 3e20 7465 726d 696e 616c grub> terminal\n-0001cb50: 5f69 6e70 7574 2073 6572 6961 6c3b 2074 _input serial; t\n-0001cb60: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 2073 erminal_output s\n-0001cb70: 6572 6961 6c0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 636f erial.. The co\n-0001cb80: 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9873 6572 6961 6ce2 mmand ...serial.\n-0001cb90: 8099 2069 6e69 7469 616c 697a 6573 2074 .. initializes t\n-0001cba0: 6865 2073 6572 6961 6c20 756e 6974 2030 he serial unit 0\n-0001cbb0: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 7370 6565 640a with the speed.\n-0001cbc0: 3936 3030 6270 732e 2020 5468 6520 7365 9600bps. The se\n-0001cbd0: 7269 616c 2075 6e69 7420 3020 6973 2075 rial unit 0 is u\n-0001cbe0: 7375 616c 6c79 2063 616c 6c65 6420 e280 sually called ..\n-0001cbf0: 9843 4f4d 31e2 8099 2c20 736f 2c20 6966 .COM1..., so, if\n-0001cc00: 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 746f 0a75 7365 you want to.use\n-0001cc10: 2043 4f4d 322c 2079 6f75 206d 7573 7420 COM2, you must \n-0001cc20: 7370 6563 6966 7920 e280 982d 2d75 6e69 specify ...--uni\n-0001cc30: 743d 31e2 8099 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2e20 t=1... instead. \n-0001cc40: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6163 This command ac\n-0001cc50: 6365 7074 730a 6d61 6e79 206f 7468 6572 cepts.many other\n-0001cc60: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2c20 2a6e 6f74 6520 options, *note \n-0001cc70: 7365 7269 616c 3a3a 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 serial:: for mor\n-0001cc80: 6520 6465 7461 696c 732e 0a0a 2020 2057 e details... W\n-0001cc90: 6974 686f 7574 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 ithout argument \n-0001cca0: 6f72 2077 6974 6820 e280 982d 2d70 6f72 or with ...--por\n-0001ccb0: 743d 6175 746f e280 992c 2047 5255 4220 t=auto..., GRUB \n-0001ccc0: 7769 6c6c 2061 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 will attempt to \n-0001ccd0: 7573 6520 4143 5049 0a77 6865 6e20 6176 use ACPI.when av\n-0001cce0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 746f 2061 7574 6f2d ailable to auto-\n-0001ccf0: 6465 7465 6374 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 detect the defau\n-0001cd00: 6c74 2073 6572 6961 6c20 706f 7274 2061 lt serial port a\n-0001cd10: 6e64 2069 7473 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 nd its.configura\n-0001cd20: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 636f tion... The co\n-0001cd30: 6d6d 616e 6473 20e2 8098 7465 726d 696e mmands ...termin\n-0001cd40: 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 e280 9920 282a 6e6f al_input... (*no\n-0001cd50: 7465 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 te terminal_inpu\n-0001cd60: 743a 3a29 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 7465 726d t::) and....term\n-0001cd70: 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 74e2 8099 2028 inal_output... (\n-0001cd80: 2a6e 6f74 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f *note terminal_o\n-0001cd90: 7574 7075 743a 3a29 2063 686f 6f73 6520 utput::) choose \n-0001cda0: 7768 6963 6820 7479 7065 206f 660a 7465 which type of.te\n-0001cdb0: 726d 696e 616c 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 rminal you want \n-0001cdc0: 746f 2075 7365 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6520 to use. In the \n-0001cdd0: 6361 7365 2061 626f 7665 2c20 7468 6520 case above, the \n-0001cde0: 7465 726d 696e 616c 2077 696c 6c20 6265 terminal will be\n-0001cdf0: 2061 0a73 6572 6961 6c20 7465 726d 696e a.serial termin\n-0001ce00: 616c 2c20 6275 7420 796f 7520 6361 6e20 al, but you can \n-0001ce10: 616c 736f 2070 6173 7320 e280 9863 6f6e also pass ...con\n-0001ce20: 736f 6c65 e280 9920 746f 2074 6865 2063 sole... to the c\n-0001ce30: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2c20 6173 0ae2 8098 7465 ommand, as....te\n-0001ce40: 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 2073 6572 rminal_input ser\n-0001ce50: 6961 6c20 636f 6e73 6f6c 65e2 8099 2e20 ial console.... \n-0001ce60: 2049 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6173 652c 2061 In this case, a\n-0001ce70: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 696e 2077 6869 terminal in whi\n-0001ce80: 6368 2079 6f75 0a70 7265 7373 2061 6e79 ch you.press any\n-0001ce90: 206b 6579 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 656c key will be sel\n-0001cea0: 6563 7465 6420 6173 2061 2047 5255 4220 ected as a GRUB \n-0001ceb0: 7465 726d 696e 616c 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 terminal. In th\n-0001cec0: 6520 6578 616d 706c 650a 6162 6f76 652c e example.above,\n-0001ced0: 206e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 206e note that you n\n-0001cee0: 6565 6420 746f 2070 7574 2062 6f74 6820 eed to put both \n-0001cef0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 206f 6e20 7468 6520 commands on the \n-0001cf00: 7361 6d65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206c 696e same command lin\n-0001cf10: 652c 0a61 7320 796f 7520 7769 6c6c 206c e,.as you will l\n-0001cf20: 6f73 6520 7468 6520 6162 696c 6974 7920 ose the ability \n-0001cf30: 746f 2074 7970 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 to type commands\n-0001cf40: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 on the console \n-0001cf50: 6166 7465 7220 7468 650a 6669 7273 7420 after the.first \n-0001cf60: 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a 2020 2048 6f77 command... How\n-0001cf70: 6576 6572 2c20 6e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 ever, note that \n-0001cf80: 4752 5542 2061 7373 756d 6573 2074 6861 GRUB assumes tha\n-0001cf90: 7420 796f 7572 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 t your terminal \n-0001cfa0: 656d 756c 6174 6f72 2069 730a 636f 6d70 emulator is.comp\n-0001cfb0: 6174 6962 6c65 2077 6974 6820 5654 3130 atible with VT10\n-0001cfc0: 3020 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2e20 2054 0 by default. T\n-0001cfd0: 6869 7320 6973 2074 7275 6520 666f 7220 his is true for \n-0001cfe0: 6d6f 7374 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c0a 656d most terminal.em\n-0001cff0: 756c 6174 6f72 7320 6e6f 7761 6461 7973 ulators nowadays\n-0001d000: 2c20 6275 7420 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 , but you should\n-0001d010: 2070 6173 7320 7468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e pass the option\n-0001d020: 20e2 8098 2d2d 6475 6d62 e280 9920 746f ...--dumb... to\n-0001d030: 2074 6865 0a63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 6620 the.command if \n-0001d040: 796f 7572 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 656d your terminal em\n-0001d050: 756c 6174 6f72 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 5654 ulator is not VT\n-0001d060: 3130 302d 636f 6d70 6174 6962 6c65 206f 100-compatible o\n-0001d070: 7220 696d 706c 656d 656e 7473 0a66 6577 r implements.few\n-0001d080: 2056 5431 3030 2065 7363 6170 6520 7365 VT100 escape se\n-0001d090: 7175 656e 6365 732e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 quences. If you\n-0001d0a0: 2073 7065 6369 6679 2074 6869 7320 6f70 specify this op\n-0001d0b0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6865 6e20 4752 5542 0a70 tion then GRUB.p\n-0001d0c0: 726f 7669 6465 7320 796f 7520 7769 7468 rovides you with\n-0001d0d0: 2061 6e20 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 6520 an alternative \n-0001d0e0: 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 menu interface, \n-0001d0f0: 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 6520 6e6f 726d because the norm\n-0001d100: 616c 206d 656e 750a 7265 7175 6972 6573 al menu.requires\n-0001d110: 2073 6576 6572 616c 2066 616e 6379 2066 several fancy f\n-0001d120: 6561 7475 7265 7320 6f66 2079 6f75 7220 eatures of your \n-0001d130: 7465 726d 696e 616c 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c terminal.....Fil\n-0001d140: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-0001d150: 6f64 653a 2056 656e 646f 7220 706f 7765 ode: Vendor powe\n-0001d160: 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 732c 2020 4e65 7874 r-on keys, Next\n-0001d170: 3a20 496d 6167 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a : Images, Prev:\n-0001d180: 2053 6572 6961 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c Serial terminal\n-0001d190: 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3130 2055 , Up: Top..10 U\n-0001d1a0: 7369 6e67 2047 5255 4220 7769 7468 2076 sing GRUB with v\n-0001d1b0: 656e 646f 7220 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b endor power-on k\n-0001d1c0: 6579 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a eys.************\n+0001c870: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 5468 6973 **********..This\n+0001c880: 2063 6861 7074 6572 2064 6573 6372 6962 chapter describ\n+0001c890: 6573 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 7573 6520 7468 es how to use th\n+0001c8a0: 6520 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 e serial termina\n+0001c8b0: 6c20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 696e 2047 5255 l support in GRU\n+0001c8c0: 422e 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 6861 B... If you ha\n+0001c8d0: 7665 206d 616e 7920 636f 6d70 7574 6572 ve many computer\n+0001c8e0: 7320 6f72 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 7273 2077 s or computers w\n+0001c8f0: 6974 6820 6e6f 2064 6973 706c 6179 2f6b ith no display/k\n+0001c900: 6579 626f 6172 642c 2069 740a 636f 756c eyboard, it.coul\n+0001c910: 6420 6265 2076 6572 7920 7573 6566 756c d be very useful\n+0001c920: 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 7468 6520 to control the \n+0001c930: 636f 6d70 7574 6572 7320 7468 726f 7567 computers throug\n+0001c940: 6820 7365 7269 616c 0a63 6f6d 6d75 6e69 h serial.communi\n+0001c950: 6361 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 546f 2063 6f6e cations. To con\n+0001c960: 6e65 6374 206f 6e65 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 nect one compute\n+0001c970: 7220 7769 7468 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2076 r with another v\n+0001c980: 6961 2061 2073 6572 6961 6c20 6c69 6e65 ia a serial line\n+0001c990: 2c0a 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7072 ,.you need to pr\n+0001c9a0: 6570 6172 6520 6120 6e75 6c6c 2d6d 6f64 epare a null-mod\n+0001c9b0: 656d 2028 6372 6f73 7329 2073 6572 6961 em (cross) seria\n+0001c9c0: 6c20 6361 626c 652c 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 l cable, and you\n+0001c9d0: 206d 6179 206e 6565 640a 746f 2068 6176 may need.to hav\n+0001c9e0: 6520 6d75 6c74 6970 6f72 7420 7365 7269 e multiport seri\n+0001c9f0: 616c 2062 6f61 7264 732c 2069 6620 796f al boards, if yo\n+0001ca00: 7572 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 7220 646f 6573 ur computer does\n+0001ca10: 6e27 7420 6861 7665 2065 7874 7261 0a73 n't have extra.s\n+0001ca20: 6572 6961 6c20 706f 7274 732e 2020 496e erial ports. In\n+0001ca30: 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e2c 2061 2074 6572 addition, a ter\n+0001ca40: 6d69 6e61 6c20 656d 756c 6174 6f72 2069 minal emulator i\n+0001ca50: 7320 616c 736f 2072 6571 7569 7265 642c s also required,\n+0001ca60: 2073 7563 680a 6173 206d 696e 6963 6f6d such.as minicom\n+0001ca70: 2e20 2052 6566 6572 2074 6f20 6120 6d61 . Refer to a ma\n+0001ca80: 6e75 616c 206f 6620 796f 7572 206f 7065 nual of your ope\n+0001ca90: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2066 rating system, f\n+0001caa0: 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 696e 666f 726d 6174 or more.informat\n+0001cab0: 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2041 7320 666f 7220 ion... As for \n+0001cac0: 4752 5542 2c20 7468 6520 696e 7374 7275 GRUB, the instru\n+0001cad0: 6374 696f 6e20 746f 2073 6574 2075 7020 ction to set up \n+0001cae0: 6120 7365 7269 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 a serial termina\n+0001caf0: 6c20 6973 2071 7569 7465 0a73 696d 706c l is quite.simpl\n+0001cb00: 652e 2020 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e 2065 e. Here is an e\n+0001cb10: 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6772 xample:.. gr\n+0001cb20: 7562 3e20 7365 7269 616c 202d 2d75 6e69 ub> serial --uni\n+0001cb30: 743d 3020 2d2d 7370 6565 643d 3936 3030 t=0 --speed=9600\n+0001cb40: 0a20 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 7465 726d . grub> term\n+0001cb50: 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 2073 6572 6961 inal_input seria\n+0001cb60: 6c3b 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 l; terminal_outp\n+0001cb70: 7574 2073 6572 6961 6c0a 0a20 2020 5468 ut serial.. Th\n+0001cb80: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9873 6572 e command ...ser\n+0001cb90: 6961 6ce2 8099 2069 6e69 7469 616c 697a ial... initializ\n+0001cba0: 6573 2074 6865 2073 6572 6961 6c20 756e es the serial un\n+0001cbb0: 6974 2030 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 7370 it 0 with the sp\n+0001cbc0: 6565 640a 3936 3030 6270 732e 2020 5468 eed.9600bps. Th\n+0001cbd0: 6520 7365 7269 616c 2075 6e69 7420 3020 e serial unit 0 \n+0001cbe0: 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2063 616c 6c65 is usually calle\n+0001cbf0: 6420 e280 9843 4f4d 31e2 8099 2c20 736f d ...COM1..., so\n+0001cc00: 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 746f , if you want to\n+0001cc10: 0a75 7365 2043 4f4d 322c 2079 6f75 206d .use COM2, you m\n+0001cc20: 7573 7420 7370 6563 6966 7920 e280 982d ust specify ...-\n+0001cc30: 2d75 6e69 743d 31e2 8099 2069 6e73 7465 -unit=1... inste\n+0001cc40: 6164 2e20 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e ad. This comman\n+0001cc50: 6420 6163 6365 7074 730a 6d61 6e79 206f d accepts.many o\n+0001cc60: 7468 6572 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2c20 2a6e ther options, *n\n+0001cc70: 6f74 6520 7365 7269 616c 3a3a 2066 6f72 ote serial:: for\n+0001cc80: 206d 6f72 6520 6465 7461 696c 732e 0a0a more details...\n+0001cc90: 2020 2057 6974 686f 7574 2061 7267 756d Without argum\n+0001cca0: 656e 7420 6f72 2077 6974 6820 e280 982d ent or with ...-\n+0001ccb0: 2d70 6f72 743d 6175 746f e280 992c 2047 -port=auto..., G\n+0001ccc0: 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2061 7474 656d 7074 RUB will attempt\n+0001ccd0: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 4143 5049 0a77 6865 to use ACPI.whe\n+0001cce0: 6e20 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 746f 2061 n available to a\n+0001ccf0: 7574 6f2d 6465 7465 6374 2074 6865 2064 uto-detect the d\n+0001cd00: 6566 6175 6c74 2073 6572 6961 6c20 706f efault serial po\n+0001cd10: 7274 2061 6e64 2069 7473 0a63 6f6e 6669 rt and its.confi\n+0001cd20: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 guration... Th\n+0001cd30: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 20e2 8098 7465 e commands ...te\n+0001cd40: 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 e280 9920 rminal_input... \n+0001cd50: 282a 6e6f 7465 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f (*note terminal_\n+0001cd60: 696e 7075 743a 3a29 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 input::) and....\n+0001cd70: 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 74e2 terminal_output.\n+0001cd80: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7465 726d 696e .. (*note termin\n+0001cd90: 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 743a 3a29 2063 686f al_output::) cho\n+0001cda0: 6f73 6520 7768 6963 6820 7479 7065 206f ose which type o\n+0001cdb0: 660a 7465 726d 696e 616c 2079 6f75 2077 f.terminal you w\n+0001cdc0: 616e 7420 746f 2075 7365 2e20 2049 6e20 ant to use. In \n+0001cdd0: 7468 6520 6361 7365 2061 626f 7665 2c20 the case above, \n+0001cde0: 7468 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c 2077 696c the terminal wil\n+0001cdf0: 6c20 6265 2061 0a73 6572 6961 6c20 7465 l be a.serial te\n+0001ce00: 726d 696e 616c 2c20 6275 7420 796f 7520 rminal, but you \n+0001ce10: 6361 6e20 616c 736f 2070 6173 7320 e280 can also pass ..\n+0001ce20: 9863 6f6e 736f 6c65 e280 9920 746f 2074 .console... to t\n+0001ce30: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2c20 6173 0ae2 he command, as..\n+0001ce40: 8098 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 ..terminal_input\n+0001ce50: 2073 6572 6961 6c20 636f 6e73 6f6c 65e2 serial console.\n+0001ce60: 8099 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6173 ... In this cas\n+0001ce70: 652c 2061 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 696e e, a terminal in\n+0001ce80: 2077 6869 6368 2079 6f75 0a70 7265 7373 which you.press\n+0001ce90: 2061 6e79 206b 6579 2077 696c 6c20 6265 any key will be\n+0001cea0: 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 6173 2061 2047 selected as a G\n+0001ceb0: 5255 4220 7465 726d 696e 616c 2e20 2049 RUB terminal. I\n+0001cec0: 6e20 7468 6520 6578 616d 706c 650a 6162 n the example.ab\n+0001ced0: 6f76 652c 206e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2079 ove, note that y\n+0001cee0: 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2070 7574 2062 ou need to put b\n+0001cef0: 6f74 6820 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 206f 6e20 oth commands on \n+0001cf00: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 the same command\n+0001cf10: 206c 696e 652c 0a61 7320 796f 7520 7769 line,.as you wi\n+0001cf20: 6c6c 206c 6f73 6520 7468 6520 6162 696c ll lose the abil\n+0001cf30: 6974 7920 746f 2074 7970 6520 636f 6d6d ity to type comm\n+0001cf40: 616e 6473 206f 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6e73 ands on the cons\n+0001cf50: 6f6c 6520 6166 7465 7220 7468 650a 6669 ole after the.fi\n+0001cf60: 7273 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a 2020 rst command... \n+0001cf70: 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 6e6f 7465 2074 However, note t\n+0001cf80: 6861 7420 4752 5542 2061 7373 756d 6573 hat GRUB assumes\n+0001cf90: 2074 6861 7420 796f 7572 2074 6572 6d69 that your termi\n+0001cfa0: 6e61 6c20 656d 756c 6174 6f72 2069 730a nal emulator is.\n+0001cfb0: 636f 6d70 6174 6962 6c65 2077 6974 6820 compatible with \n+0001cfc0: 5654 3130 3020 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 VT100 by default\n+0001cfd0: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2074 7275 6520 . This is true \n+0001cfe0: 666f 7220 6d6f 7374 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 for most termina\n+0001cff0: 6c0a 656d 756c 6174 6f72 7320 6e6f 7761 l.emulators nowa\n+0001d000: 6461 7973 2c20 6275 7420 796f 7520 7368 days, but you sh\n+0001d010: 6f75 6c64 2070 6173 7320 7468 6520 6f70 ould pass the op\n+0001d020: 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d 6475 6d62 e280 tion ...--dumb..\n+0001d030: 9920 746f 2074 6865 0a63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 . to the.command\n+0001d040: 2069 6620 796f 7572 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 if your termina\n+0001d050: 6c20 656d 756c 6174 6f72 2069 7320 6e6f l emulator is no\n+0001d060: 7420 5654 3130 302d 636f 6d70 6174 6962 t VT100-compatib\n+0001d070: 6c65 206f 7220 696d 706c 656d 656e 7473 le or implements\n+0001d080: 0a66 6577 2056 5431 3030 2065 7363 6170 .few VT100 escap\n+0001d090: 6520 7365 7175 656e 6365 732e 2020 4966 e sequences. If\n+0001d0a0: 2079 6f75 2073 7065 6369 6679 2074 6869 you specify thi\n+0001d0b0: 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 2074 6865 6e20 4752 s option then GR\n+0001d0c0: 5542 0a70 726f 7669 6465 7320 796f 7520 UB.provides you \n+0001d0d0: 7769 7468 2061 6e20 616c 7465 726e 6174 with an alternat\n+0001d0e0: 6976 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 ive menu interfa\n+0001d0f0: 6365 2c20 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 6520 ce, because the \n+0001d100: 6e6f 726d 616c 206d 656e 750a 7265 7175 normal menu.requ\n+0001d110: 6972 6573 2073 6576 6572 616c 2066 616e ires several fan\n+0001d120: 6379 2066 6561 7475 7265 7320 6f66 2079 cy features of y\n+0001d130: 6f75 7220 7465 726d 696e 616c 2e0a 0a1f our terminal....\n+0001d140: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+0001d150: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2056 656e 646f 7220 , Node: Vendor \n+0001d160: 706f 7765 722d 6f6e 206b 6579 732c 2020 power-on keys, \n+0001d170: 4e65 7874 3a20 496d 6167 6573 2c20 2050 Next: Images, P\n+0001d180: 7265 763a 2053 6572 6961 6c20 7465 726d rev: Serial term\n+0001d190: 696e 616c 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a inal, Up: Top..\n+0001d1a0: 3130 2055 7369 6e67 2047 5255 4220 7769 10 Using GRUB wi\n+0001d1b0: 7468 2076 656e 646f 7220 706f 7765 722d th vendor power-\n+0001d1c0: 6f6e 206b 6579 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a on keys.********\n 0001d1d0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0001d1e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a53 6f6d ***********..Som\n-0001d1f0: 6520 6c61 7074 6f70 2076 656e 646f 7273 e laptop vendors\n-0001d200: 2070 726f 7669 6465 2061 6e20 6164 6469 provide an addi\n-0001d210: 7469 6f6e 616c 2070 6f77 6572 2d6f 6e20 tional power-on \n-0001d220: 6275 7474 6f6e 2077 6869 6368 2062 6f6f button which boo\n-0001d230: 7473 0a61 6e6f 7468 6572 204f 532e 2047 ts.another OS. G\n-0001d240: 5255 4220 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2073 7563 RUB supports suc\n-0001d250: 6820 6275 7474 6f6e 7320 7769 7468 2074 h buttons with t\n-0001d260: 6865 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f he ...GRUB_TIMEO\n-0001d270: 5554 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 2c0a e280 UT_BUTTON...,...\n-0001d280: 9847 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 5354 .GRUB_TIMEOUT_ST\n-0001d290: 594c 455f 4255 5454 4f4e e280 992c 20e2 YLE_BUTTON..., .\n-0001d2a0: 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4546 4155 4c54 5f42 ..GRUB_DEFAULT_B\n-0001d2b0: 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 2c20 616e 640a e280 UTTON..., and...\n-0001d2c0: 9847 5255 425f 4255 5454 4f4e 5f43 4d4f .GRUB_BUTTON_CMO\n-0001d2d0: 535f 4144 4452 4553 53e2 8099 2076 6172 S_ADDRESS... var\n-0001d2e0: 6961 626c 6573 2069 6e20 6465 6661 756c iables in defaul\n-0001d2f0: 742f 6772 7562 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 t/grub (*note Si\n-0001d300: 6d70 6c65 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 mple.configurati\n-0001d310: 6f6e 3a3a 292e 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f on::). ...GRUB_\n-0001d320: 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 4255 5454 4f4e e280 TIMEOUT_BUTTON..\n-0001d330: 992c 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f ., ...GRUB_TIMEO\n-0001d340: 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 UT_STYLE_BUTTON.\n-0001d350: 8099 2c0a 616e 6420 e280 9847 5255 425f ..,.and ...GRUB_\n-0001d360: 4445 4641 554c 545f 4255 5454 4f4e e280 DEFAULT_BUTTON..\n-0001d370: 9920 6172 6520 7573 6564 2069 6e73 7465 . are used inste\n-0001d380: 6164 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 7272 6573 ad of the corres\n-0001d390: 706f 6e64 696e 670a 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ponding.variable\n-0001d3a0: 7320 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7468 6520 e280 s without the ..\n-0001d3b0: 985f 4255 5454 4f4e e280 9920 7375 6666 ._BUTTON... suff\n-0001d3c0: 6978 2077 6865 6e20 706f 7765 7265 6420 ix when powered \n-0001d3d0: 6f6e 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2073 7065 on using the spe\n-0001d3e0: 6369 616c 0a62 7574 746f 6e2e 2020 e280 cial.button. ..\n-0001d3f0: 9847 5255 425f 4255 5454 4f4e 5f43 4d4f .GRUB_BUTTON_CMO\n-0001d400: 535f 4144 4452 4553 53e2 8099 2069 7320 S_ADDRESS... is \n-0001d410: 7665 6e64 6f72 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 vendor-specific \n-0001d420: 616e 6420 7061 7274 6961 6c6c 790a 6d6f and partially.mo\n-0001d430: 6465 6c2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2e20 2056 del-specific. V\n-0001d440: 616c 7565 7320 6b6e 6f77 6e20 746f 2074 alues known to t\n-0001d450: 6865 2047 5255 4220 7465 616d 2061 7265 he GRUB team are\n-0001d460: 3a0a 0a3c 4465 6c6c 2058 5053 204d 3133 :... 121:3.\n-0001d480: 3c44 656c 6c20 5850 5320 4d31 3533 303e \n-0001d490: 0a20 2020 2020 3835 3a33 0a3c 4465 6c6c . 85:3.\n-0001d4b0: 0a20 2020 2020 3835 3a33 0a3c 4173 7573 . 85:3.. \n-0001d4d0: 2020 2020 3834 3a31 2028 756e 636f 6e66 84:1 (unconf\n-0001d4e0: 6972 6d65 6429 0a3c 4c45 4e4f 564f 2054 irmed).. 10\n-0001d510: 313a 330a 0a20 2020 546f 2074 616b 6520 1:3.. To take \n-0001d520: 6675 6c6c 2061 6476 616e 7461 6765 206f full advantage o\n-0001d530: 6620 7468 6973 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e2c f this function,\n-0001d540: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 696e install GRUB in\n-0001d550: 746f 2074 6865 204d 4252 0a28 2a6e 6f74 to the MBR.(*not\n-0001d560: 6520 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 e Installing GRU\n-0001d570: 4220 7573 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 B using grub-ins\n-0001d580: 7461 6c6c 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 tall::)... If \n-0001d590: 796f 7520 6861 7665 2061 206c 6170 746f you have a lapto\n-0001d5a0: 7020 7768 6963 6820 6861 7320 6120 7369 p which has a si\n-0001d5b0: 6d69 6c61 7220 6665 6174 7572 6520 616e milar feature an\n-0001d5c0: 6420 6e6f 7420 696e 2074 6865 2061 626f d not in the abo\n-0001d5d0: 7665 0a6c 6973 7420 636f 756c 6420 796f ve.list could yo\n-0001d5e0: 7520 6669 6775 7265 2079 6f75 7220 6164 u figure your ad\n-0001d5f0: 6472 6573 7320 616e 6420 636f 6e74 7269 dress and contri\n-0001d600: 6275 7465 3f20 2054 6f20 6469 7363 6f76 bute? To discov\n-0001d610: 6572 2074 6865 0a61 6464 7265 7373 2064 er the.address d\n-0001d620: 6f20 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 673a o the following:\n-0001d630: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 626f 6f74 206e 6f72 . ... boot nor\n-0001d640: 6d61 6c6c 790a 2020 20e2 80a2 2020 2020 mally. ... \n-0001d650: 2020 7375 646f 206d 6f64 7072 6f62 6520 sudo modprobe \n-0001d660: 6e76 7261 6d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nvram. \n-0001d670: 7375 646f 2063 6174 202f 6465 762f 6e76 sudo cat /dev/nv\n-0001d680: 7261 6d20 7c20 7878 6420 3e20 6e6f 726d ram | xxd > norm\n-0001d690: 616c 5f62 7574 746f 6e2e 7478 740a 2020 al_button.txt. \n-0001d6a0: 20e2 80a2 2062 6f6f 7420 7573 696e 6720 ... boot using \n-0001d6b0: 7665 6e64 6f72 2062 7574 746f 6e0a 2020 vendor button. \n-0001d6c0: 20e2 80a2 2020 2020 2020 7375 646f 206d ... sudo m\n-0001d6d0: 6f64 7072 6f62 6520 6e76 7261 6d0a 2020 odprobe nvram. \n-0001d6e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7375 646f 2063 6174 sudo cat\n-0001d6f0: 202f 6465 762f 6e76 7261 6d20 7c20 7878 /dev/nvram | xx\n-0001d700: 6420 3e20 6e6f 726d 616c 5f76 656e 646f d > normal_vendo\n-0001d710: 722e 7478 740a 0a20 2020 5468 656e 2063 r.txt.. Then c\n-0001d720: 6f6d 7061 7265 2074 6865 7365 2074 6578 ompare these tex\n-0001d730: 7420 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 6669 6e64 t files and find\n-0001d740: 2077 6865 7265 2061 2062 6974 2077 6173 where a bit was\n-0001d750: 2074 6f67 676c 6564 2e20 2045 2e67 2e0a toggled. E.g..\n-0001d760: 696e 2063 6173 6520 6f66 2044 656c 6c20 in case of Dell \n-0001d770: 5850 5320 6974 2077 6173 3a0a 2020 2020 XPS it was:. \n-0001d780: 2062 7974 6520 3078 3437 3a20 3230 202d byte 0x47: 20 -\n-0001d790: 2d3e 2032 380a 2020 2049 7427 7320 6120 -> 28. It's a \n-0001d7a0: 6269 7420 6e75 6d62 6572 2033 2061 7320 bit number 3 as \n-0001d7b0: 7365 656e 2066 726f 6d20 666f 6c6c 6f77 seen from follow\n-0001d7c0: 696e 6720 7461 626c 653a 0a30 2020 2020 ing table:.0 \n-0001d7d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3031 0a31 2020 01.1 \n-0001d7e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3032 0a32 02.2\n-0001d7f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3034 04\n-0001d800: 0a33 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .3 \n-0001d810: 3038 0a34 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 08.4 \n-0001d820: 2020 3130 0a35 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 10.5 \n-0001d830: 2020 2020 3230 0a36 2020 2020 2020 2020 20.6 \n-0001d840: 2020 2020 2020 3430 0a37 2020 2020 2020 40.7 \n-0001d850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3830 0a0a 2020 2030 80.. 0\n-0001d860: 7834 3720 6973 2064 6563 696d 616c 2037 x47 is decimal 7\n-0001d870: 312e 2020 4c69 6e75 7820 6e76 7261 6d20 1. Linux nvram \n-0001d880: 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2063 implementation c\n-0001d890: 7574 7320 6669 7273 7420 3134 2062 7974 uts first 14 byt\n-0001d8a0: 6573 0a6f 6620 434d 4f53 2e20 536f 2074 es.of CMOS. So t\n-0001d8b0: 6865 2072 6561 6c20 6279 7465 2061 6464 he real byte add\n-0001d8c0: 7265 7373 2069 6e20 434d 4f53 2069 7320 ress in CMOS is \n-0001d8d0: 3731 2b31 343d 3835 2053 6f20 636f 6d70 71+14=85 So comp\n-0001d8e0: 6c65 7465 0a61 6464 7265 7373 2069 7320 lete.address is \n-0001d8f0: 3835 3a33 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 85:3....File: gr\n-0001d900: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-0001d910: 496d 6167 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2043 Images, Next: C\n-0001d920: 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 7369 7a65 206c ore image size l\n-0001d930: 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 imitation, Prev\n-0001d940: 3a20 5665 6e64 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 2d6f : Vendor power-o\n-0001d950: 6e20 6b65 7973 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 n keys, Up: Top\n-0001d960: 0a0a 3131 2047 5255 4220 696d 6167 6520 ..11 GRUB image \n-0001d970: 6669 6c65 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a files.**********\n-0001d980: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a47 5255 4220 *********..GRUB \n-0001d990: 636f 6e73 6973 7473 206f 6620 7365 7665 consists of seve\n-0001d9a0: 7261 6c20 696d 6167 6573 3a20 6120 7661 ral images: a va\n-0001d9b0: 7269 6574 7920 6f66 2062 6f6f 7473 7472 riety of bootstr\n-0001d9c0: 6170 2069 6d61 6765 7320 666f 720a 7374 ap images for.st\n-0001d9d0: 6172 7469 6e67 2047 5255 4220 696e 2076 arting GRUB in v\n-0001d9e0: 6172 696f 7573 2077 6179 732c 2061 206b arious ways, a k\n-0001d9f0: 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 652c 2061 6e64 ernel image, and\n-0001da00: 2061 2073 6574 206f 6620 6d6f 6475 6c65 a set of module\n-0001da10: 730a 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 636f 6d62 s.which are comb\n-0001da20: 696e 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6b65 ined with the ke\n-0001da30: 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 2074 6f20 666f rnel image to fo\n-0001da40: 726d 2061 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 652e rm a core image.\n-0001da50: 2020 4865 7265 2069 730a 6120 7368 6f72 Here is.a shor\n-0001da60: 7420 6f76 6572 7669 6577 206f 6620 7468 t overview of th\n-0001da70: 656d 2e0a 0ae2 8098 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 em......boot.img\n-0001da80: e280 990a 2020 2020 204f 6e20 5043 2042 .... On PC B\n-0001da90: 494f 5320 7379 7374 656d 732c 2074 6869 IOS systems, thi\n-0001daa0: 7320 696d 6167 6520 6973 2074 6865 2066 s image is the f\n-0001dab0: 6972 7374 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2047 5255 irst part of GRU\n-0001dac0: 4220 746f 2073 7461 7274 2e0a 2020 2020 B to start.. \n-0001dad0: 2049 7420 6973 2077 7269 7474 656e 2074 It is written t\n-0001dae0: 6f20 6120 6d61 7374 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 o a master boot \n-0001daf0: 7265 636f 7264 2028 4d42 5229 206f 7220 record (MBR) or \n-0001db00: 746f 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7365 6374 to the boot sect\n-0001db10: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2061 2070 6172 or. of a par\n-0001db20: 7469 7469 6f6e 2e20 2042 6563 6175 7365 tition. Because\n-0001db30: 2061 2050 4320 626f 6f74 2073 6563 746f a PC boot secto\n-0001db40: 7220 6973 2035 3132 2062 7974 6573 2c20 r is 512 bytes, \n-0001db50: 7468 6520 7369 7a65 206f 660a 2020 2020 the size of. \n-0001db60: 2074 6869 7320 696d 6167 6520 6973 2065 this image is e\n-0001db70: 7861 6374 6c79 2035 3132 2062 7974 6573 xactly 512 bytes\n-0001db80: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 736f 6c65 ... The sole\n-0001db90: 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 6f66 20e2 8098 function of ...\n-0001dba0: 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 6973 2074 boot.img... is t\n-0001dbb0: 6f20 7265 6164 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 o read the first\n-0001dbc0: 2073 6563 746f 7220 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 sector of the. \n-0001dbd0: 2020 2020 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2066 core image f\n-0001dbe0: 726f 6d20 6120 6c6f 6361 6c20 6469 736b rom a local disk\n-0001dbf0: 2061 6e64 206a 756d 7020 746f 2069 742e and jump to it.\n-0001dc00: 2020 4265 6361 7573 6520 6f66 2074 6865 Because of the\n-0001dc10: 2073 697a 650a 2020 2020 2072 6573 7472 size. restr\n-0001dc20: 6963 7469 6f6e 2c20 e280 9862 6f6f 742e iction, ...boot.\n-0001dc30: 696d 67e2 8099 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 756e img... cannot un\n-0001dc40: 6465 7273 7461 6e64 2061 6e79 2066 696c derstand any fil\n-0001dc50: 6520 7379 7374 656d 0a20 2020 2020 7374 e system. st\n-0001dc60: 7275 6374 7572 652c 2073 6f20 e280 9867 ructure, so ...g\n-0001dc70: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2068 rub-install... h\n-0001dc80: 6172 6463 6f64 6573 2074 6865 206c 6f63 ardcodes the loc\n-0001dc90: 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2066 6972 ation of the fir\n-0001dca0: 7374 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6374 6f72 206f st. sector o\n-0001dcb0: 6620 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 f the core image\n-0001dcc0: 2069 6e74 6f20 e280 9862 6f6f 742e 696d into ...boot.im\n-0001dcd0: 67e2 8099 2077 6865 6e20 696e 7374 616c g... when instal\n-0001dce0: 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 422e 0a0a e280 9864 ling GRUB......d\n-0001dcf0: 6973 6b62 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 0a20 iskboot.img.... \n-0001dd00: 2020 2020 5468 6973 2069 6d61 6765 2069 This image i\n-0001dd10: 7320 7573 6564 2061 7320 7468 6520 6669 s used as the fi\n-0001dd20: 7273 7420 7365 6374 6f72 206f 6620 7468 rst sector of th\n-0001dd30: 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2077 6865 e core image whe\n-0001dd40: 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 n. booting f\n-0001dd50: 726f 6d20 6120 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b2e rom a hard disk.\n-0001dd60: 2020 4974 2072 6561 6473 2074 6865 2072 It reads the r\n-0001dd70: 6573 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 est of the core \n-0001dd80: 696d 6167 6520 696e 746f 0a20 2020 2020 image into. \n-0001dd90: 6d65 6d6f 7279 2061 6e64 2073 7461 7274 memory and start\n-0001dda0: 7320 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2e20 2053 s the kernel. S\n-0001ddb0: 696e 6365 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d ince file system\n-0001ddc0: 2068 616e 646c 696e 6720 6973 206e 6f74 handling is not\n-0001ddd0: 0a20 2020 2020 7965 7420 6176 6169 6c61 . yet availa\n-0001dde0: 626c 652c 2069 7420 656e 636f 6465 7320 ble, it encodes \n-0001ddf0: 7468 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 the location of \n-0001de00: 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2075 the core image u\n-0001de10: 7369 6e67 2061 0a20 2020 2020 626c 6f63 sing a. bloc\n-0001de20: 6b20 6c69 7374 2066 6f72 6d61 742e 0a0a k list format...\n-0001de30: e280 9863 6462 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 ...cdboot.img...\n-0001de40: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2069 6d61 6765 . This image\n-0001de50: 2069 7320 7573 6564 2061 7320 7468 6520 is used as the \n-0001de60: 6669 7273 7420 7365 6374 6f72 206f 6620 first sector of \n-0001de70: 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2077 the core image w\n-0001de80: 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 hen. booting\n-0001de90: 2066 726f 6d20 6120 4344 2d52 4f4d 2064 from a CD-ROM d\n-0001dea0: 7269 7665 2e20 2049 7420 7065 7266 6f72 rive. It perfor\n-0001deb0: 6d73 2061 2073 696d 696c 6172 2066 756e ms a similar fun\n-0001dec0: 6374 696f 6e20 746f 0a20 2020 2020 e280 ction to. ..\n-0001ded0: 9864 6973 6b62 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 .diskboot.img...\n-0001dee0: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 7078 6562 6f6f 742e 696d ......pxeboot.im\n-0001def0: 67e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2069 g.... This i\n-0001df00: 6d61 6765 2069 7320 7573 6564 2061 7320 mage is used as \n-0001df10: 7468 6520 7374 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 the start of the\n-0001df20: 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 7768 656e core image when\n-0001df30: 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d0a 2020 booting from. \n-0001df40: 2020 2074 6865 206e 6574 776f 726b 2075 the network u\n-0001df50: 7369 6e67 2050 5845 2e20 2a4e 6f74 6520 sing PXE. *Note \n-0001df60: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a e280 986c Network::......l\n-0001df70: 6e78 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 990a 2020 nxboot.img.... \n-0001df80: 2020 2054 6869 7320 696d 6167 6520 6d61 This image ma\n-0001df90: 7920 6265 2070 6c61 6365 6420 6174 2074 y be placed at t\n-0001dfa0: 6865 2073 7461 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 he start of the \n-0001dfb0: 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2069 6e20 6f72 core image in or\n-0001dfc0: 6465 7220 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6b65 der to. make\n-0001dfd0: 2047 5255 4220 6c6f 6f6b 2065 6e6f 7567 GRUB look enoug\n-0001dfe0: 6820 6c69 6b65 2061 204c 696e 7578 206b h like a Linux k\n-0001dff0: 6572 6e65 6c20 7468 6174 2069 7420 6361 ernel that it ca\n-0001e000: 6e20 6265 2062 6f6f 7465 6420 6279 0a20 n be booted by. \n-0001e010: 2020 2020 4c49 4c4f 2075 7369 6e67 2061 LILO using a\n-0001e020: 6e20 e280 9869 6d61 6765 3de2 8099 2073 n ...image=... s\n-0001e030: 6563 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6b65 726e ection......kern\n-0001e040: 656c 2e69 6d67 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 el.img.... T\n-0001e050: 6869 7320 696d 6167 6520 636f 6e74 6169 his image contai\n-0001e060: 6e73 2047 5255 4227 7320 6261 7369 6320 ns GRUB's basic \n-0001e070: 7275 6e2d 7469 6d65 2066 6163 696c 6974 run-time facilit\n-0001e080: 6965 733a 2066 7261 6d65 776f 726b 730a ies: frameworks.\n-0001e090: 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2064 6576 6963 6520 for device \n-0001e0a0: 616e 6420 6669 6c65 2068 616e 646c 696e and file handlin\n-0001e0b0: 672c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 g, environment v\n-0001e0c0: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2c20 7468 6520 7265 ariables, the re\n-0001e0d0: 7363 7565 0a20 2020 2020 6d6f 6465 2063 scue. mode c\n-0001e0e0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 7061 7273 ommand-line pars\n-0001e0f0: 6572 2c20 616e 6420 736f 206f 6e2e 2020 er, and so on. \n-0001e100: 4974 2069 7320 7261 7265 6c79 2075 7365 It is rarely use\n-0001e110: 6420 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2c0a 2020 2020 d directly,. \n-0001e120: 2062 7574 2069 7320 6275 696c 7420 696e but is built in\n-0001e130: 746f 2061 6c6c 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 to all core imag\n-0001e140: 6573 2e0a 0ae2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 es......core.img\n-0001e150: e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6973 .... This is\n-0001e160: 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 the core image \n-0001e170: 6f66 2047 5255 422e 2049 7420 6973 2062 of GRUB. It is b\n-0001e180: 7569 6c74 2064 796e 616d 6963 616c 6c79 uilt dynamically\n-0001e190: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 650a 2020 2020 206b from the. k\n-0001e1a0: 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 6520 616e 6420 ernel image and \n-0001e1b0: 616e 2061 7262 6974 7261 7279 206c 6973 an arbitrary lis\n-0001e1c0: 7420 6f66 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2062 7920 t of modules by \n-0001e1d0: 7468 6520 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 696d the ...grub-mkim\n-0001e1e0: 6167 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6f67 age.... prog\n-0001e1f0: 7261 6d2e 2020 5573 7561 6c6c 792c 2069 ram. Usually, i\n-0001e200: 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2065 6e6f 7567 t contains enoug\n-0001e210: 6820 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 746f 2061 6363 h modules to acc\n-0001e220: 6573 730a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f ess. .../boo\n-0001e230: 742f 6772 7562 e280 992c 2061 6e64 206c t/grub..., and l\n-0001e240: 6f61 6473 2065 7665 7279 7468 696e 6720 oads everything \n-0001e250: 656c 7365 2028 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 else (including \n-0001e260: 6d65 6e75 2068 616e 646c 696e 672c 0a20 menu handling,. \n-0001e270: 2020 2020 7468 6520 6162 696c 6974 7920 the ability \n-0001e280: 746f 206c 6f61 6420 7461 7267 6574 206f to load target o\n-0001e290: 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 perating systems\n-0001e2a0: 2c20 616e 6420 736f 206f 6e29 2066 726f , and so on) fro\n-0001e2b0: 6d20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 m the. file \n-0001e2c0: 7379 7374 656d 2061 7420 7275 6e2d 7469 system at run-ti\n-0001e2d0: 6d65 2e20 2054 6865 206d 6f64 756c 6172 me. The modular\n-0001e2e0: 2064 6573 6967 6e20 616c 6c6f 7773 2074 design allows t\n-0001e2f0: 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 650a 2020 he core image. \n-0001e300: 2020 2074 6f20 6265 206b 6570 7420 736d to be kept sm\n-0001e310: 616c 6c2c 2073 696e 6365 2074 6865 2061 all, since the a\n-0001e320: 7265 6173 206f 6620 6469 736b 2077 6865 reas of disk whe\n-0001e330: 7265 2069 7420 6d75 7374 2062 650a 2020 re it must be. \n-0001e340: 2020 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2061 7265 installed are\n-0001e350: 206f 6674 656e 2061 7320 736d 616c 6c20 often as small \n-0001e360: 6173 2033 324b 422e 0a0a 2020 2020 202a as 32KB... *\n-0001e370: 4e6f 7465 2042 494f 5320 696e 7374 616c Note BIOS instal\n-0001e380: 6c61 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 6465 lation::, for de\n-0001e390: 7461 696c 7320 6f6e 2077 6865 7265 2074 tails on where t\n-0001e3a0: 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 6361 he core image ca\n-0001e3b0: 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 6520 696e 7374 616c n. be instal\n-0001e3c0: 6c65 6420 6f6e 2050 4320 7379 7374 656d led on PC system\n-0001e3d0: 732e 0a0a e280 982a 2e6d 6f64 e280 990a s......*.mod....\n-0001e3e0: 2020 2020 2045 7665 7279 7468 696e 6720 Everything \n-0001e3f0: 656c 7365 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2072 6573 else in GRUB res\n-0001e400: 6964 6573 2069 6e20 6479 6e61 6d69 6361 ides in dynamica\n-0001e410: 6c6c 7920 6c6f 6164 6162 6c65 206d 6f64 lly loadable mod\n-0001e420: 756c 6573 2e0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 7365 ules.. These\n-0001e430: 2061 7265 206f 6674 656e 206c 6f61 6465 are often loade\n-0001e440: 6420 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c 792c d automatically,\n-0001e450: 206f 7220 6275 696c 7420 696e 746f 2074 or built into t\n-0001e460: 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 650a 2020 he core image. \n-0001e470: 2020 2069 6620 7468 6579 2061 7265 2065 if they are e\n-0001e480: 7373 656e 7469 616c 2c20 6275 7420 6d61 ssential, but ma\n-0001e490: 7920 616c 736f 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 y also be loaded\n-0001e4a0: 206d 616e 7561 6c6c 7920 7573 696e 6720 manually using \n-0001e4b0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 696e 736d the. ...insm\n-0001e4c0: 6f64 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a od... command (*\n-0001e4d0: 6e6f 7465 2069 6e73 6d6f 643a 3a29 2e0a note insmod::)..\n-0001e4e0: 0a46 6f72 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 .For GRUB Legacy\n-0001e4f0: 2075 7365 7273 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d users.=========\n-0001e500: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4752 ============..GR\n-0001e510: 5542 2032 2068 6173 2061 2064 6966 6665 UB 2 has a diffe\n-0001e520: 7265 6e74 2064 6573 6967 6e20 6672 6f6d rent design from\n-0001e530: 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 2c20 616e GRUB Legacy, an\n-0001e540: 6420 736f 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6465 d so corresponde\n-0001e550: 6e63 6573 0a77 6974 6820 7468 6520 696d nces.with the im\n-0001e560: 6167 6573 2069 7420 7573 6564 2063 616e ages it used can\n-0001e570: 6e6f 7420 6265 2065 7861 6374 2e20 204e not be exact. N\n-0001e580: 6576 6572 7468 656c 6573 732c 2047 5255 evertheless, GRU\n-0001e590: 4220 4c65 6761 6379 0a75 7365 7273 206f B Legacy.users o\n-0001e5a0: 6674 656e 2061 736b 2071 7565 7374 696f ften ask questio\n-0001e5b0: 6e73 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 ns in the terms \n-0001e5c0: 7468 6579 2061 7265 2066 616d 696c 6961 they are familia\n-0001e5d0: 7220 7769 7468 2c20 616e 6420 736f 0a68 r with, and so.h\n-0001e5e0: 6572 6520 6973 2061 2062 7269 6566 2067 ere is a brief g\n-0001e5f0: 7569 6465 2074 6f20 686f 7720 4752 5542 uide to how GRUB\n-0001e600: 2032 2773 2069 6d61 6765 7320 7265 6c61 2's images rela\n-0001e610: 7465 2074 6f20 7468 6174 2e0a 0ae2 8098 te to that......\n-0001e620: 7374 6167 6531 e280 990a 2020 2020 2053 stage1.... S\n-0001e630: 7461 6765 2031 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 tage 1 from GRUB\n-0001e640: 204c 6567 6163 7920 7761 7320 7665 7279 Legacy was very\n-0001e650: 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 6f20 e280 9862 similar to ...b\n-0001e660: 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 2069 6e20 4752 oot.img... in GR\n-0001e670: 5542 2032 2c0a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2074 UB 2,. and t\n-0001e680: 6865 7920 7365 7276 6520 7468 6520 7361 hey serve the sa\n-0001e690: 6d65 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e2e 0a0a e280 me function.....\n-0001e6a0: 982a 5f73 7461 6765 315f 35e2 8099 0a20 .*_stage1_5.... \n-0001e6b0: 2020 2020 496e 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 In GRUB Lega\n-0001e6c0: 6379 2c20 5374 6167 6520 312e 3527 7320 cy, Stage 1.5's \n-0001e6d0: 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2077 6173 2074 6f20 function was to \n-0001e6e0: 696e 636c 7564 6520 656e 6f75 6768 0a20 include enough. \n-0001e6f0: 2020 2020 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2063 filesystem c\n-0001e700: 6f64 6520 746f 2061 6c6c 6f77 2074 6865 ode to allow the\n-0001e710: 206d 7563 6820 6c61 7267 6572 2053 7461 much larger Sta\n-0001e720: 6765 2032 2074 6f20 6265 2072 6561 6420 ge 2 to be read \n-0001e730: 6672 6f6d 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 206f 7264 from an. ord\n-0001e740: 696e 6172 7920 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d inary filesystem\n-0001e750: 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6973 2072 6573 7065 . In this respe\n-0001e760: 6374 2c20 6974 7320 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e ct, its function\n-0001e770: 2077 6173 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 6f0a was similar to.\n-0001e780: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 ...core.img\n-0001e790: e280 9920 696e 2047 5255 4220 322e 2020 ... in GRUB 2. \n-0001e7a0: 486f 7765 7665 722c 20e2 8098 636f 7265 However, ...core\n-0001e7b0: 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 6973 206d 7563 6820 .img... is much \n-0001e7c0: 6d6f 7265 2063 6170 6162 6c65 0a20 2020 more capable. \n-0001e7d0: 2020 7468 616e 2053 7461 6765 2031 2e35 than Stage 1.5\n-0001e7e0: 2077 6173 3b20 7369 6e63 6520 6974 206f was; since it o\n-0001e7f0: 6666 6572 7320 6120 7265 7363 7565 2073 ffers a rescue s\n-0001e800: 6865 6c6c 2c20 6974 2069 7320 736f 6d65 hell, it is some\n-0001e810: 7469 6d65 730a 2020 2020 2070 6f73 7369 times. possi\n-0001e820: 626c 6520 746f 2072 6563 6f76 6572 206d ble to recover m\n-0001e830: 616e 7561 6c6c 7920 696e 2074 6865 2065 anually in the e\n-0001e840: 7665 6e74 2074 6861 7420 6974 2069 7320 vent that it is \n-0001e850: 756e 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 0a20 unable to load. \n-0001e860: 2020 2020 616e 7920 6f74 6865 7220 6d6f any other mo\n-0001e870: 6475 6c65 732c 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 dules, for examp\n-0001e880: 6c65 2069 6620 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 le if partition \n-0001e890: 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 6861 7665 2063 6861 numbers have cha\n-0001e8a0: 6e67 6564 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 636f nged.. ...co\n-0001e8b0: 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 6973 2062 7569 re.img... is bui\n-0001e8c0: 6c74 2069 6e20 6120 6d6f 7265 2066 6c65 lt in a more fle\n-0001e8d0: 7869 626c 6520 7761 792c 2061 6c6c 6f77 xible way, allow\n-0001e8e0: 696e 6720 4752 5542 2032 2074 6f0a 2020 ing GRUB 2 to. \n-0001e8f0: 2020 2073 7570 706f 7274 2072 6561 6469 support readi\n-0001e900: 6e67 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2066 726f 6d20 ng modules from \n-0001e910: 6164 7661 6e63 6564 2064 6973 6b20 7479 advanced disk ty\n-0001e920: 7065 7320 7375 6368 2061 7320 4c56 4d20 pes such as LVM \n-0001e930: 616e 640a 2020 2020 2052 4149 442e 0a0a and. RAID...\n-0001e940: 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 GRUB Legacy\n-0001e950: 2063 6f75 6c64 2072 756e 2077 6974 6820 could run with \n-0001e960: 6f6e 6c79 2053 7461 6765 2031 2061 6e64 only Stage 1 and\n-0001e970: 2053 7461 6765 2032 2069 6e20 736f 6d65 Stage 2 in some\n-0001e980: 206c 696d 6974 6564 0a20 2020 2020 636f limited. co\n-0001e990: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 7768 nfigurations, wh\n-0001e9a0: 696c 6520 4752 5542 2032 2072 6571 7569 ile GRUB 2 requi\n-0001e9b0: 7265 7320 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 res ...core.img.\n-0001e9c0: 8099 2061 6e64 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 776f .. and cannot wo\n-0001e9d0: 726b 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 6f75 7420 rk. without \n-0001e9e0: 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 7374 6167 6532 e280 it......stage2..\n-0001e9f0: 990a 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 3220 6861 .. GRUB 2 ha\n-0001ea00: 7320 6e6f 2073 696e 676c 6520 5374 6167 s no single Stag\n-0001ea10: 6520 3220 696d 6167 652e 2020 496e 7374 e 2 image. Inst\n-0001ea20: 6561 642c 2069 7420 6c6f 6164 7320 6d6f ead, it loads mo\n-0001ea30: 6475 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 0a20 2020 2020 dules from. \n-0001ea40: e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 .../boot/grub...\n-0001ea50: 2061 7420 7275 6e2d 7469 6d65 2e0a 0ae2 at run-time....\n-0001ea60: 8098 7374 6167 6532 5f65 6c74 6f72 6974 ..stage2_eltorit\n-0001ea70: 6fe2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 496e 2047 5255 o.... In GRU\n-0001ea80: 4220 322c 2069 6d61 6765 7320 666f 7220 B 2, images for \n-0001ea90: 626f 6f74 696e 6720 6672 6f6d 2043 442d booting from CD-\n-0001eaa0: 524f 4d20 6472 6976 6573 2061 7265 206e ROM drives are n\n-0001eab0: 6f77 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e73 7472 7563 ow. construc\n-0001eac0: 7465 6420 7573 696e 6720 e280 9863 6462 ted using ...cdb\n-0001ead0: 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 oot.img... and .\n-0001eae0: 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 992c 206d ..core.img..., m\n-0001eaf0: 616b 696e 6720 7375 7265 2074 6861 7420 aking sure that \n-0001eb00: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f72 6520 696d the. core im\n-0001eb10: 6167 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 6865 age contains the\n-0001eb20: 20e2 8098 6973 6f39 3636 30e2 8099 206d ...iso9660... m\n-0001eb30: 6f64 756c 652e 2020 4974 2069 7320 7573 odule. It is us\n-0001eb40: 7561 6c6c 7920 6265 7374 2074 6f0a 2020 ually best to. \n-0001eb50: 2020 2075 7365 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6772 use the ...gr\n-0001eb60: 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 65e2 8099 2070 ub-mkrescue... p\n-0001eb70: 726f 6772 616d 2066 6f72 2074 6869 732e rogram for this.\n-0001eb80: 0a0a e280 986e 6267 7275 62e2 8099 0a20 .....nbgrub.... \n-0001eb90: 2020 2020 5468 6572 6520 6973 2061 7320 There is as \n-0001eba0: 7965 7420 6e6f 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e yet no equivalen\n-0001ebb0: 7420 666f 7220 e280 986e 6267 7275 62e2 t for ...nbgrub.\n-0001ebc0: 8099 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2032 3b20 6974 .. in GRUB 2; it\n-0001ebd0: 2077 6173 2075 7365 640a 2020 2020 2062 was used. b\n-0001ebe0: 7920 4574 6865 7262 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 y Etherboot and \n-0001ebf0: 736f 6d65 206f 7468 6572 206e 6574 776f some other netwo\n-0001ec00: 726b 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 732e rk boot loaders.\n-0001ec10: 0a0a e280 9870 7865 6772 7562 e280 990a .....pxegrub....\n-0001ec20: 2020 2020 2049 6e20 4752 5542 2032 2c20 In GRUB 2, \n-0001ec30: 696d 6167 6573 2066 6f72 2050 5845 206e images for PXE n\n-0001ec40: 6574 776f 726b 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2061 etwork booting a\n-0001ec50: 7265 206e 6f77 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 re now construct\n-0001ec60: 6564 2075 7369 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 e280 ed using. ..\n-0001ec70: 9870 7865 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 .pxeboot.img... \n-0001ec80: 616e 6420 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 and ...core.img.\n-0001ec90: 8099 2c20 6d61 6b69 6e67 2073 7572 6520 .., making sure \n-0001eca0: 7468 6174 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d that the core im\n-0001ecb0: 6167 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7461 696e age. contain\n-0001ecc0: 7320 7468 6520 e280 9870 7865 e280 9920 s the ...pxe... \n-0001ecd0: 616e 6420 e280 9870 7865 636d 64e2 8099 and ...pxecmd...\n-0001ece0: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 modules. *Note\n-0001ecf0: 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 Network::.....F\n-0001ed00: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-0001ed10: 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6f72 6520 696d 6167 Node: Core imag\n-0001ed20: 6520 7369 7a65 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f e size limitatio\n-0001ed30: 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4669 6c65 7379 n, Next: Filesy\n-0001ed40: 7374 656d 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 6d61 stem, Prev: Ima\n-0001ed50: 6765 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 ges, Up: Top..1\n-0001ed60: 3220 436f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2073 697a 2 Core image siz\n-0001ed70: 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2a2a e limitation.***\n-0001ed80: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0001ed90: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4865 6176 **********..Heav\n-0001eda0: 696c 7920 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 706c 6174 ily limited plat\n-0001edb0: 666f 726d 733a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6933 forms:. ... i3\n-0001edc0: 3836 2d70 6320 286e 6f72 6d61 6c20 616e 86-pc (normal an\n-0001edd0: 6420 5058 4529 3a20 7468 6520 636f 7265 d PXE): the core\n-0001ede0: 2069 6d61 6765 2073 697a 6520 2863 6f6d image size (com\n-0001edf0: 7072 6573 7365 6429 2069 730a 2020 2020 pressed) is. \n-0001ee00: 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 3435 3832 limited by 4582\n-0001ee10: 3430 2062 7974 6573 2e20 206b 6572 6e65 40 bytes. kerne\n-0001ee20: 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 202b 202e l.img (.text + .\n-0001ee30: 6461 7461 202b 202e 6273 732c 0a20 2020 data + .bss,. \n-0001ee40: 2020 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 2920 uncompressed) \n-0001ee50: 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 3339 is limited by 39\n-0001ee60: 3237 3034 2062 7974 6573 2e20 206d 6f64 2704 bytes. mod\n-0001ee70: 756c 6520 7369 7a65 0a20 2020 2020 2875 ule size. (u\n-0001ee80: 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6429 202b 206b ncompressed) + k\n-0001ee90: 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 ernel.img (.text\n-0001eea0: 202b 202e 6461 7461 2c20 756e 636f 6d70 + .data, uncomp\n-0001eeb0: 7265 7373 6564 2920 6973 0a20 2020 2020 ressed) is. \n-0001eec0: 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2073 limited by the s\n-0001eed0: 697a 6520 6f66 2063 6f6e 7469 6775 6f75 ize of contiguou\n-0001eee0: 7320 6368 756e 6b20 6174 2031 4d20 6164 s chunk at 1M ad\n-0001eef0: 6472 6573 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 7370 dress.. ... sp\n-0001ef00: 6172 6336 342d 6965 6565 3132 3735 3a20 arc64-ieee1275: \n-0001ef10: 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 6d67 2028 2e74 6578 kernel.img (.tex\n-0001ef20: 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 6120 2b20 2e62 7373 t + .data + .bss\n-0001ef30: 2920 2b20 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 2b0a 2020 ) + modules +. \n-0001ef40: 2020 2032 3536 4b20 2873 7461 636b 2920 256K (stack) \n-0001ef50: 2b20 324d 2028 6865 6170 2920 6973 206c + 2M (heap) is l\n-0001ef60: 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 7370 6163 6520 imited by space \n-0001ef70: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6174 2030 7834 available at 0x4\n-0001ef80: 3430 302e 0a20 2020 2020 4f6e 206d 6f73 400.. On mos\n-0001ef90: 7420 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 6974 2773 t platforms it's\n-0001efa0: 206a 7573 7420 3320 6f72 2034 4d20 7369 just 3 or 4M si\n-0001efb0: 6e63 6520 6965 6565 3132 3735 206d 6170 nce ieee1275 map\n-0001efc0: 7320 6f6e 6c79 2073 6f0a 2020 2020 206d s only so. m\n-0001efd0: 7563 682e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6933 3836 uch.. ... i386\n-0001efe0: 2d69 6565 6531 3237 353a 206b 6572 6e65 -ieee1275: kerne\n-0001eff0: 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 202b 202e l.img (.text + .\n-0001f000: 6461 7461 202b 202e 6273 7329 202b 206d data + .bss) + m\n-0001f010: 6f64 756c 6573 2069 730a 2020 2020 206c odules is. l\n-0001f020: 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 6d65 6d6f 7279 imited by memory\n-0001f030: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2061 7420 3078 available at 0x\n-0001f040: 3130 3030 302c 2061 7420 6d6f 7374 2035 10000, at most 5\n-0001f050: 3936 4b0a 0a20 2020 4c69 6768 746c 7920 96K.. Lightly \n-0001f060: 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 706c 6174 666f 726d limited platform\n-0001f070: 733a 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 202a 2d78 656e s:.. ... *-xen\n-0001f080: 3a20 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6f6e 6c79 2062 : limited only b\n-0001f090: 7920 6164 7265 7373 2073 7061 6365 2061 y adress space a\n-0001f0a0: 6e64 2052 414d 2073 697a 652e 0a20 2020 nd RAM size.. \n-0001f0b0: e280 a220 6933 3836 2d71 656d 753a 206b ... i386-qemu: k\n-0001f0c0: 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 ernel.img (.text\n-0001f0d0: 202b 202e 6461 7461 202b 202e 6273 7329 + .data + .bss)\n-0001f0e0: 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 2033 is limited by 3\n-0001f0f0: 3932 3730 340a 2020 2020 2062 7974 6573 92704. bytes\n-0001f100: 2e20 2028 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 2077 6f75 . (core.img wou\n-0001f110: 6c64 2062 6520 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 ld be limited by\n-0001f120: 2052 4f4d 2073 697a 6520 6275 7420 6974 ROM size but it\n-0001f130: 2773 2075 6e6c 696d 6974 6564 0a20 2020 's unlimited. \n-0001f140: 2020 6f6e 2071 656d 750a 2020 20e2 80a2 on qemu. ...\n-0001f150: 2041 6c6c 2045 4649 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 All EFI platfor\n-0001f160: 6d73 3a20 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 2063 ms: limited by c\n-0001f170: 6f6e 7469 6775 6f75 7320 5241 4d20 7369 ontiguous RAM si\n-0001f180: 7a65 2061 6e64 2070 6f73 7369 626c 790a ze and possibly.\n-0001f190: 2020 2020 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6520 6275 firmware bu\n-0001f1a0: 6773 0a20 2020 e280 a220 436f 7265 626f gs. ... Corebo\n-0001f1b0: 6f74 2061 6e64 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 ot and multiboot\n-0001f1c0: 2e20 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 282e . kernel.img (.\n-0001f1d0: 7465 7874 202b 202e 6461 7461 202b 202e text + .data + .\n-0001f1e0: 6273 7329 2069 730a 2020 2020 206c 696d bss) is. lim\n-0001f1f0: 6974 6564 2062 7920 3339 3237 3034 2062 ited by 392704 b\n-0001f200: 7974 6573 2e20 206d 6f64 756c 6520 7369 ytes. module si\n-0001f210: 7a65 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 ze is limited by\n-0001f220: 2074 6865 2073 697a 6520 6f66 0a20 2020 the size of. \n-0001f230: 2020 636f 6e74 6967 756f 7573 2063 6875 contiguous chu\n-0001f240: 6e6b 2061 7420 314d 2061 6464 7265 7373 nk at 1M address\n-0001f250: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 206d 6970 7365 6c2d .. ... mipsel-\n-0001f260: 6c6f 6f6e 6773 6f6e 2028 454c 4629 2c20 loongson (ELF), \n-0001f270: 6d69 7073 2865 6c29 2d71 656d 755f 6d69 mips(el)-qemu_mi\n-0001f280: 7073 2028 454c 4629 3a20 6966 2075 6e63 ps (ELF): if unc\n-0001f290: 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 643a 0a20 2020 2020 ompressed:. \n-0001f2a0: 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 6d67 2028 2e74 6578 kernel.img (.tex\n-0001f2b0: 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 6129 202b 206d 6f64 t + .data) + mod\n-0001f2c0: 756c 6573 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 ules is limited \n-0001f2d0: 6279 2074 6865 2073 7061 6365 2066 726f by the space fro\n-0001f2e0: 6d0a 2020 2020 2038 3032 3030 3030 3020 m. 80200000 \n-0001f2f0: 666f 7277 6172 6420 6966 2063 6f6d 7072 forward if compr\n-0001f300: 6573 7365 643a 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d essed: kernel.im\n-0001f310: 6720 282e 7465 7874 202b 202e 6461 7461 g (.text + .data\n-0001f320: 2c0a 2020 2020 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 ,. uncompres\n-0001f330: 7365 6429 202b 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2028 sed) + modules (\n-0001f340: 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 2920 2b20 uncompressed) + \n-0001f350: 286d 6f64 756c 6573 202b 206b 6572 6e65 (modules + kerne\n-0001f360: 6c2e 696d 670a 2020 2020 2028 2e74 6578 l.img. (.tex\n-0001f370: 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 6129 2920 2863 6f6d t + .data)) (com\n-0001f380: 7072 6573 7365 6429 202b 2064 6563 6f6d pressed) + decom\n-0001f390: 7072 6573 736f 7220 6973 206c 696d 6974 pressor is limit\n-0001f3a0: 6564 2062 7920 7468 650a 2020 2020 2073 ed by the. s\n-0001f3b0: 7061 6365 2066 726f 6d20 3830 3230 3030 pace from 802000\n-0001f3c0: 3030 2066 6f72 7761 7264 0a20 2020 e280 00 forward. ..\n-0001f3d0: a220 6d69 7073 656c 2d6c 6f6f 6e67 736f . mipsel-loongso\n-0001f3e0: 6e20 2846 6c61 7368 292c 206d 6970 7328 n (Flash), mips(\n-0001f3f0: 656c 292d 7165 6d75 5f6d 6970 7320 2846 el)-qemu_mips (F\n-0001f400: 6c61 7368 293a 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d lash): kernel.im\n-0001f410: 670a 2020 2020 2028 2e74 6578 7420 2b20 g. (.text + \n-0001f420: 2e64 6174 6129 202b 206d 6f64 756c 6573 .data) + modules\n-0001f430: 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 2074 is limited by t\n-0001f440: 6865 2073 7061 6365 2066 726f 6d20 3830 he space from 80\n-0001f450: 3230 3030 3030 0a20 2020 2020 666f 7277 200000. forw\n-0001f460: 6172 6420 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 2028 6669 ard core.img (fi\n-0001f470: 6e61 6c29 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 nal) is limited \n-0001f480: 6279 2066 6c61 7368 2073 697a 6520 2835 by flash size (5\n-0001f490: 3132 4b20 6f6e 2079 6565 6c6f 6f6e 670a 12K on yeeloong.\n-0001f4a0: 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2066 756c 6f6f 6f6e and fulooon\n-0001f4b0: 6729 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6d69 7073 2d61 g). ... mips-a\n-0001f4c0: 7263 3a20 6966 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 rc: if uncompres\n-0001f4d0: 7365 643a 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 sed: kernel.img \n-0001f4e0: 282e 7465 7874 202b 202e 6461 7461 2920 (.text + .data) \n-0001f4f0: 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 790a 2020 is limited by. \n-0001f500: 2020 2074 6865 2073 7061 6365 2066 726f the space fro\n-0001f510: 6d20 3862 6430 3030 3030 2066 6f72 7761 m 8bd00000 forwa\n-0001f520: 7264 206d 6f64 756c 6573 202b 2064 756d rd modules + dum\n-0001f530: 6d79 2064 6563 6f6d 7072 6573 736f 7220 my decompressor \n-0001f540: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 is. limited \n-0001f550: 6279 2074 6865 2073 7061 6365 2066 726f by the space fro\n-0001f560: 6d20 3862 6430 3030 3030 2062 6163 6b77 m 8bd00000 backw\n-0001f570: 6172 6420 6966 2063 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 ard if compresse\n-0001f580: 643a 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 d:. kernel.i\n-0001f590: 6d67 2028 2e74 6578 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 mg (.text + .dat\n-0001f5a0: 612c 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6429 a, uncompressed)\n-0001f5b0: 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 2074 is limited by t\n-0001f5c0: 6865 2073 7061 6365 0a20 2020 2020 6672 he space. fr\n-0001f5d0: 6f6d 2038 6264 3030 3030 3020 666f 7277 om 8bd00000 forw\n-0001f5e0: 6172 6420 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 2875 6e63 ard modules (unc\n-0001f5f0: 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6429 202b 2028 6d6f ompressed) + (mo\n-0001f600: 6475 6c65 7320 2b0a 2020 2020 206b 6572 dules +. ker\n-0001f610: 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 202b nel.img (.text +\n-0001f620: 202e 6461 7461 2929 2028 636f 6d70 7265 .data)) (compre\n-0001f630: 7373 6564 2c20 616c 6967 6e65 6420 746f ssed, aligned to\n-0001f640: 2031 4d29 202b 2031 4d0a 2020 2020 2028 1M) + 1M. (\n-0001f650: 6465 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6f72 202b 2073 decompressor + s\n-0001f660: 6372 6174 6368 2073 7061 6365 2920 6973 cratch space) is\n-0001f670: 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 limited by the \n-0001f680: 7370 6163 6520 6672 6f6d 0a20 2020 2020 space from. \n-0001f690: 3862 6430 3030 3030 2062 6163 6b77 6172 8bd00000 backwar\n-0001f6a0: 640a 2020 20e2 80a2 2070 6f77 6572 7063 d. ... powerpc\n-0001f6b0: 2d69 6565 6531 3237 353a 206b 6572 6e65 -ieee1275: kerne\n-0001f6c0: 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 202b 202e l.img (.text + .\n-0001f6d0: 6461 7461 202b 202e 6273 7329 202b 206d data + .bss) + m\n-0001f6e0: 6f64 756c 6573 2069 730a 2020 2020 206c odules is. l\n-0001f6f0: 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 7370 6163 6520 imited by space \n-0001f700: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6174 2030 7832 available at 0x2\n-0001f710: 3030 3030 300a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 00000....File: g\n-0001f720: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-0001f730: 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2c 2020 4e65 Filesystem, Ne\n-0001f740: 7874 3a20 496e 7465 7266 6163 652c 2020 xt: Interface, \n-0001f750: 5072 6576 3a20 436f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 Prev: Core image\n-0001f760: 2073 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e size limitation\n-0001f770: 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3133 2046 , Up: Top..13 F\n-0001f780: 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 7379 6e74 6178 ilesystem syntax\n-0001f790: 2061 6e64 2073 656d 616e 7469 6373 0a2a and semantics.*\n-0001f7a0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+0001d1e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a ***************.\n+0001d1f0: 0a53 6f6d 6520 6c61 7074 6f70 2076 656e .Some laptop ven\n+0001d200: 646f 7273 2070 726f 7669 6465 2061 6e20 dors provide an \n+0001d210: 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2070 6f77 6572 additional power\n+0001d220: 2d6f 6e20 6275 7474 6f6e 2077 6869 6368 -on button which\n+0001d230: 2062 6f6f 7473 0a61 6e6f 7468 6572 204f boots.another O\n+0001d240: 532e 2047 5255 4220 7375 7070 6f72 7473 S. GRUB supports\n+0001d250: 2073 7563 6820 6275 7474 6f6e 7320 7769 such buttons wi\n+0001d260: 7468 2074 6865 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 th the ...GRUB_T\n+0001d270: 494d 454f 5554 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 IMEOUT_BUTTON...\n+0001d280: 2c0a e280 9847 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 ,....GRUB_TIMEOU\n+0001d290: 545f 5354 594c 455f 4255 5454 4f4e e280 T_STYLE_BUTTON..\n+0001d2a0: 992c 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f44 4546 4155 ., ...GRUB_DEFAU\n+0001d2b0: 4c54 5f42 5554 544f 4ee2 8099 2c20 616e LT_BUTTON..., an\n+0001d2c0: 640a e280 9847 5255 425f 4255 5454 4f4e d....GRUB_BUTTON\n+0001d2d0: 5f43 4d4f 535f 4144 4452 4553 53e2 8099 _CMOS_ADDRESS...\n+0001d2e0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2069 6e20 6465 variables in de\n+0001d2f0: 6661 756c 742f 6772 7562 2028 2a6e 6f74 fault/grub (*not\n+0001d300: 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 e Simple.configu\n+0001d310: 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 2020 e280 9847 ration::). ...G\n+0001d320: 5255 425f 5449 4d45 4f55 545f 4255 5454 RUB_TIMEOUT_BUTT\n+0001d330: 4f4e e280 992c 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 ON..., ...GRUB_T\n+0001d340: 494d 454f 5554 5f53 5459 4c45 5f42 5554 IMEOUT_STYLE_BUT\n+0001d350: 544f 4ee2 8099 2c0a 616e 6420 e280 9847 TON...,.and ...G\n+0001d360: 5255 425f 4445 4641 554c 545f 4255 5454 RUB_DEFAULT_BUTT\n+0001d370: 4f4e e280 9920 6172 6520 7573 6564 2069 ON... are used i\n+0001d380: 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f nstead of the co\n+0001d390: 7272 6573 706f 6e64 696e 670a 7661 7269 rresponding.vari\n+0001d3a0: 6162 6c65 7320 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7468 ables without th\n+0001d3b0: 6520 e280 985f 4255 5454 4f4e e280 9920 e ..._BUTTON... \n+0001d3c0: 7375 6666 6978 2077 6865 6e20 706f 7765 suffix when powe\n+0001d3d0: 7265 6420 6f6e 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 red on using the\n+0001d3e0: 2073 7065 6369 616c 0a62 7574 746f 6e2e special.button.\n+0001d3f0: 2020 e280 9847 5255 425f 4255 5454 4f4e ...GRUB_BUTTON\n+0001d400: 5f43 4d4f 535f 4144 4452 4553 53e2 8099 _CMOS_ADDRESS...\n+0001d410: 2069 7320 7665 6e64 6f72 2d73 7065 6369 is vendor-speci\n+0001d420: 6669 6320 616e 6420 7061 7274 6961 6c6c fic and partiall\n+0001d430: 790a 6d6f 6465 6c2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 y.model-specific\n+0001d440: 2e20 2056 616c 7565 7320 6b6e 6f77 6e20 . Values known \n+0001d450: 746f 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 7465 616d to the GRUB team\n+0001d460: 2061 7265 3a0a 0a3c 4465 6c6c 2058 5053 are:... 12\n+0001d480: 313a 330a 3c44 656c 6c20 5850 5320 4d31 1:3.. 85:3.<\n+0001d4a0: 4465 6c6c 204c 6174 6974 7564 6520 4534 Dell Latitude E4\n+0001d4b0: 3330 303e 0a20 2020 2020 3835 3a33 0a3c 300>. 85:3.<\n+0001d4c0: 4173 7573 2045 6565 5043 2031 3030 3550 Asus EeePC 1005P\n+0001d4d0: 453e 0a20 2020 2020 3834 3a31 2028 756e E>. 84:1 (un\n+0001d4e0: 636f 6e66 6972 6d65 6429 0a3c 4c45 4e4f confirmed).. \n+0001d510: 2020 3130 313a 330a 0a20 2020 546f 2074 101:3.. To t\n+0001d520: 616b 6520 6675 6c6c 2061 6476 616e 7461 ake full advanta\n+0001d530: 6765 206f 6620 7468 6973 2066 756e 6374 ge of this funct\n+0001d540: 696f 6e2c 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 ion, install GRU\n+0001d550: 4220 696e 746f 2074 6865 204d 4252 0a28 B into the MBR.(\n+0001d560: 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 *note Installing\n+0001d570: 2047 5255 4220 7573 696e 6720 6772 7562 GRUB using grub\n+0001d580: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 -install::)... \n+0001d590: 2049 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 2061 206c If you have a l\n+0001d5a0: 6170 746f 7020 7768 6963 6820 6861 7320 aptop which has \n+0001d5b0: 6120 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 6665 6174 7572 a similar featur\n+0001d5c0: 6520 616e 6420 6e6f 7420 696e 2074 6865 e and not in the\n+0001d5d0: 2061 626f 7665 0a6c 6973 7420 636f 756c above.list coul\n+0001d5e0: 6420 796f 7520 6669 6775 7265 2079 6f75 d you figure you\n+0001d5f0: 7220 6164 6472 6573 7320 616e 6420 636f r address and co\n+0001d600: 6e74 7269 6275 7465 3f20 2054 6f20 6469 ntribute? To di\n+0001d610: 7363 6f76 6572 2074 6865 0a61 6464 7265 scover the.addre\n+0001d620: 7373 2064 6f20 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 ss do the follow\n+0001d630: 696e 673a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 626f 6f74 ing:. ... boot\n+0001d640: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 790a 2020 20e2 80a2 normally. ...\n+0001d650: 2020 2020 2020 7375 646f 206d 6f64 7072 sudo modpr\n+0001d660: 6f62 6520 6e76 7261 6d0a 2020 2020 2020 obe nvram. \n+0001d670: 2020 2020 7375 646f 2063 6174 202f 6465 sudo cat /de\n+0001d680: 762f 6e76 7261 6d20 7c20 7878 6420 3e20 v/nvram | xxd > \n+0001d690: 6e6f 726d 616c 5f62 7574 746f 6e2e 7478 normal_button.tx\n+0001d6a0: 740a 2020 20e2 80a2 2062 6f6f 7420 7573 t. ... boot us\n+0001d6b0: 696e 6720 7665 6e64 6f72 2062 7574 746f ing vendor butto\n+0001d6c0: 6e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2020 2020 2020 7375 n. ... su\n+0001d6d0: 646f 206d 6f64 7072 6f62 6520 6e76 7261 do modprobe nvra\n+0001d6e0: 6d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7375 646f m. sudo\n+0001d6f0: 2063 6174 202f 6465 762f 6e76 7261 6d20 cat /dev/nvram \n+0001d700: 7c20 7878 6420 3e20 6e6f 726d 616c 5f76 | xxd > normal_v\n+0001d710: 656e 646f 722e 7478 740a 0a20 2020 5468 endor.txt.. Th\n+0001d720: 656e 2063 6f6d 7061 7265 2074 6865 7365 en compare these\n+0001d730: 2074 6578 7420 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 text files and \n+0001d740: 6669 6e64 2077 6865 7265 2061 2062 6974 find where a bit\n+0001d750: 2077 6173 2074 6f67 676c 6564 2e20 2045 was toggled. E\n+0001d760: 2e67 2e0a 696e 2063 6173 6520 6f66 2044 .g..in case of D\n+0001d770: 656c 6c20 5850 5320 6974 2077 6173 3a0a ell XPS it was:.\n+0001d780: 2020 2020 2062 7974 6520 3078 3437 3a20 byte 0x47: \n+0001d790: 3230 202d 2d3e 2032 380a 2020 2049 7427 20 --> 28. It'\n+0001d7a0: 7320 6120 6269 7420 6e75 6d62 6572 2033 s a bit number 3\n+0001d7b0: 2061 7320 7365 656e 2066 726f 6d20 666f as seen from fo\n+0001d7c0: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7461 626c 653a 0a30 llowing table:.0\n+0001d7d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3031 01\n+0001d7e0: 0a31 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .1 \n+0001d7f0: 3032 0a32 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 02.2 \n+0001d800: 2020 3034 0a33 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 04.3 \n+0001d810: 2020 2020 3038 0a34 2020 2020 2020 2020 08.4 \n+0001d820: 2020 2020 2020 3130 0a35 2020 2020 2020 10.5 \n+0001d830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3230 0a36 2020 2020 20.6 \n+0001d840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3430 0a37 2020 40.7 \n+0001d850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3830 0a0a 80..\n+0001d860: 2020 2030 7834 3720 6973 2064 6563 696d 0x47 is decim\n+0001d870: 616c 2037 312e 2020 4c69 6e75 7820 6e76 al 71. Linux nv\n+0001d880: 7261 6d20 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 ram implementati\n+0001d890: 6f6e 2063 7574 7320 6669 7273 7420 3134 on cuts first 14\n+0001d8a0: 2062 7974 6573 0a6f 6620 434d 4f53 2e20 bytes.of CMOS. \n+0001d8b0: 536f 2074 6865 2072 6561 6c20 6279 7465 So the real byte\n+0001d8c0: 2061 6464 7265 7373 2069 6e20 434d 4f53 address in CMOS\n+0001d8d0: 2069 7320 3731 2b31 343d 3835 2053 6f20 is 71+14=85 So \n+0001d8e0: 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 0a61 6464 7265 7373 complete.address\n+0001d8f0: 2069 7320 3835 3a33 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 is 85:3....File\n+0001d900: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+0001d910: 6465 3a20 496d 6167 6573 2c20 204e 6578 de: Images, Nex\n+0001d920: 743a 2043 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 7369 t: Core image si\n+0001d930: 7a65 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 ze limitation, \n+0001d940: 5072 6576 3a20 5665 6e64 6f72 2070 6f77 Prev: Vendor pow\n+0001d950: 6572 2d6f 6e20 6b65 7973 2c20 2055 703a er-on keys, Up:\n+0001d960: 2054 6f70 0a0a 3131 2047 5255 4220 696d Top..11 GRUB im\n+0001d970: 6167 6520 6669 6c65 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a age files.******\n+0001d980: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a47 *************..G\n+0001d990: 5255 4220 636f 6e73 6973 7473 206f 6620 RUB consists of \n+0001d9a0: 7365 7665 7261 6c20 696d 6167 6573 3a20 several images: \n+0001d9b0: 6120 7661 7269 6574 7920 6f66 2062 6f6f a variety of boo\n+0001d9c0: 7473 7472 6170 2069 6d61 6765 7320 666f tstrap images fo\n+0001d9d0: 720a 7374 6172 7469 6e67 2047 5255 4220 r.starting GRUB \n+0001d9e0: 696e 2076 6172 696f 7573 2077 6179 732c in various ways,\n+0001d9f0: 2061 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 652c a kernel image,\n+0001da00: 2061 6e64 2061 2073 6574 206f 6620 6d6f and a set of mo\n+0001da10: 6475 6c65 730a 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 dules.which are \n+0001da20: 636f 6d62 696e 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 combined with th\n+0001da30: 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 2074 e kernel image t\n+0001da40: 6f20 666f 726d 2061 2063 6f72 6520 696d o form a core im\n+0001da50: 6167 652e 2020 4865 7265 2069 730a 6120 age. Here is.a \n+0001da60: 7368 6f72 7420 6f76 6572 7669 6577 206f short overview o\n+0001da70: 6620 7468 656d 2e0a 0ae2 8098 626f 6f74 f them......boot\n+0001da80: 2e69 6d67 e280 990a 2020 2020 204f 6e20 .img.... On \n+0001da90: 5043 2042 494f 5320 7379 7374 656d 732c PC BIOS systems,\n+0001daa0: 2074 6869 7320 696d 6167 6520 6973 2074 this image is t\n+0001dab0: 6865 2066 6972 7374 2070 6172 7420 6f66 he first part of\n+0001dac0: 2047 5255 4220 746f 2073 7461 7274 2e0a GRUB to start..\n+0001dad0: 2020 2020 2049 7420 6973 2077 7269 7474 It is writt\n+0001dae0: 656e 2074 6f20 6120 6d61 7374 6572 2062 en to a master b\n+0001daf0: 6f6f 7420 7265 636f 7264 2028 4d42 5229 oot record (MBR)\n+0001db00: 206f 7220 746f 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 or to the boot \n+0001db10: 7365 6374 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2061 sector. of a\n+0001db20: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2e20 2042 6563 partition. Bec\n+0001db30: 6175 7365 2061 2050 4320 626f 6f74 2073 ause a PC boot s\n+0001db40: 6563 746f 7220 6973 2035 3132 2062 7974 ector is 512 byt\n+0001db50: 6573 2c20 7468 6520 7369 7a65 206f 660a es, the size of.\n+0001db60: 2020 2020 2074 6869 7320 696d 6167 6520 this image \n+0001db70: 6973 2065 7861 6374 6c79 2035 3132 2062 is exactly 512 b\n+0001db80: 7974 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 ytes... The \n+0001db90: 736f 6c65 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 6f66 sole function of\n+0001dba0: 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 ...boot.img... \n+0001dbb0: 6973 2074 6f20 7265 6164 2074 6865 2066 is to read the f\n+0001dbc0: 6972 7374 2073 6563 746f 7220 6f66 2074 irst sector of t\n+0001dbd0: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f 7265 2069 6d61 he. core ima\n+0001dbe0: 6765 2066 726f 6d20 6120 6c6f 6361 6c20 ge from a local \n+0001dbf0: 6469 736b 2061 6e64 206a 756d 7020 746f disk and jump to\n+0001dc00: 2069 742e 2020 4265 6361 7573 6520 6f66 it. Because of\n+0001dc10: 2074 6865 2073 697a 650a 2020 2020 2072 the size. r\n+0001dc20: 6573 7472 6963 7469 6f6e 2c20 e280 9862 estriction, ...b\n+0001dc30: 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 2063 616e 6e6f oot.img... canno\n+0001dc40: 7420 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 2061 6e79 t understand any\n+0001dc50: 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 0a20 2020 file system. \n+0001dc60: 2020 7374 7275 6374 7572 652c 2073 6f20 structure, so \n+0001dc70: e280 9867 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 ...grub-install.\n+0001dc80: 8099 2068 6172 6463 6f64 6573 2074 6865 .. hardcodes the\n+0001dc90: 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 location of the\n+0001dca0: 2066 6972 7374 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6374 first. sect\n+0001dcb0: 6f72 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 or of the core i\n+0001dcc0: 6d61 6765 2069 6e74 6f20 e280 9862 6f6f mage into ...boo\n+0001dcd0: 742e 696d 67e2 8099 2077 6865 6e20 696e t.img... when in\n+0001dce0: 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2047 5255 422e 0a0a stalling GRUB...\n+0001dcf0: e280 9864 6973 6b62 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 ...diskboot.img.\n+0001dd00: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2069 6d61 ... This ima\n+0001dd10: 6765 2069 7320 7573 6564 2061 7320 7468 ge is used as th\n+0001dd20: 6520 6669 7273 7420 7365 6374 6f72 206f e first sector o\n+0001dd30: 6620 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 f the core image\n+0001dd40: 2077 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 6f6f 7469 when. booti\n+0001dd50: 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 6120 6861 7264 2064 ng from a hard d\n+0001dd60: 6973 6b2e 2020 4974 2072 6561 6473 2074 isk. It reads t\n+0001dd70: 6865 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2063 he rest of the c\n+0001dd80: 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 696e 746f 0a20 ore image into. \n+0001dd90: 2020 2020 6d65 6d6f 7279 2061 6e64 2073 memory and s\n+0001dda0: 7461 7274 7320 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c tarts the kernel\n+0001ddb0: 2e20 2053 696e 6365 2066 696c 6520 7379 . Since file sy\n+0001ddc0: 7374 656d 2068 616e 646c 696e 6720 6973 stem handling is\n+0001ddd0: 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 7965 7420 6176 not. yet av\n+0001dde0: 6169 6c61 626c 652c 2069 7420 656e 636f ailable, it enco\n+0001ddf0: 6465 7320 7468 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e des the location\n+0001de00: 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 of the core ima\n+0001de10: 6765 2075 7369 6e67 2061 0a20 2020 2020 ge using a. \n+0001de20: 626c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 2066 6f72 6d61 block list forma\n+0001de30: 742e 0a0a e280 9863 6462 6f6f 742e 696d t......cdboot.im\n+0001de40: 67e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2069 g.... This i\n+0001de50: 6d61 6765 2069 7320 7573 6564 2061 7320 mage is used as \n+0001de60: 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7365 6374 6f72 the first sector\n+0001de70: 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 of the core ima\n+0001de80: 6765 2077 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 6f6f ge when. boo\n+0001de90: 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 6120 4344 2d52 ting from a CD-R\n+0001dea0: 4f4d 2064 7269 7665 2e20 2049 7420 7065 OM drive. It pe\n+0001deb0: 7266 6f72 6d73 2061 2073 696d 696c 6172 rforms a similar\n+0001dec0: 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 746f 0a20 2020 function to. \n+0001ded0: 2020 e280 9864 6973 6b62 6f6f 742e 696d ...diskboot.im\n+0001dee0: 67e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 7078 6562 6f6f g.........pxeboo\n+0001def0: 742e 696d 67e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 t.img.... Th\n+0001df00: 6973 2069 6d61 6765 2069 7320 7573 6564 is image is used\n+0001df10: 2061 7320 7468 6520 7374 6172 7420 6f66 as the start of\n+0001df20: 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 6520 the core image \n+0001df30: 7768 656e 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2066 726f when booting fro\n+0001df40: 6d0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 206e 6574 776f m. the netwo\n+0001df50: 726b 2075 7369 6e67 2050 5845 2e20 2a4e rk using PXE. *N\n+0001df60: 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a ote Network::...\n+0001df70: e280 986c 6e78 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 e280 ...lnxboot.img..\n+0001df80: 990a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 696d 6167 .. This imag\n+0001df90: 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2070 6c61 6365 6420 e may be placed \n+0001dfa0: 6174 2074 6865 2073 7461 7274 206f 6620 at the start of \n+0001dfb0: 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2069 the core image i\n+0001dfc0: 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 0a20 2020 2020 n order to. \n+0001dfd0: 6d61 6b65 2047 5255 4220 6c6f 6f6b 2065 make GRUB look e\n+0001dfe0: 6e6f 7567 6820 6c69 6b65 2061 204c 696e nough like a Lin\n+0001dff0: 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 7468 6174 2069 ux kernel that i\n+0001e000: 7420 6361 6e20 6265 2062 6f6f 7465 6420 t can be booted \n+0001e010: 6279 0a20 2020 2020 4c49 4c4f 2075 7369 by. LILO usi\n+0001e020: 6e67 2061 6e20 e280 9869 6d61 6765 3de2 ng an ...image=.\n+0001e030: 8099 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0ae2 8098 .. section......\n+0001e040: 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 6d67 e280 990a 2020 kernel.img.... \n+0001e050: 2020 2054 6869 7320 696d 6167 6520 636f This image co\n+0001e060: 6e74 6169 6e73 2047 5255 4227 7320 6261 ntains GRUB's ba\n+0001e070: 7369 6320 7275 6e2d 7469 6d65 2066 6163 sic run-time fac\n+0001e080: 696c 6974 6965 733a 2066 7261 6d65 776f ilities: framewo\n+0001e090: 726b 730a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2064 6576 rks. for dev\n+0001e0a0: 6963 6520 616e 6420 6669 6c65 2068 616e ice and file han\n+0001e0b0: 646c 696e 672c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 dling, environme\n+0001e0c0: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2c20 7468 nt variables, th\n+0001e0d0: 6520 7265 7363 7565 0a20 2020 2020 6d6f e rescue. mo\n+0001e0e0: 6465 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 de command-line \n+0001e0f0: 7061 7273 6572 2c20 616e 6420 736f 206f parser, and so o\n+0001e100: 6e2e 2020 4974 2069 7320 7261 7265 6c79 n. It is rarely\n+0001e110: 2075 7365 6420 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2c0a used directly,.\n+0001e120: 2020 2020 2062 7574 2069 7320 6275 696c but is buil\n+0001e130: 7420 696e 746f 2061 6c6c 2063 6f72 6520 t into all core \n+0001e140: 696d 6167 6573 2e0a 0ae2 8098 636f 7265 images......core\n+0001e150: 2e69 6d67 e280 990a 2020 2020 2054 6869 .img.... Thi\n+0001e160: 7320 6973 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d s is the core im\n+0001e170: 6167 6520 6f66 2047 5255 422e 2049 7420 age of GRUB. It \n+0001e180: 6973 2062 7569 6c74 2064 796e 616d 6963 is built dynamic\n+0001e190: 616c 6c79 2066 726f 6d20 7468 650a 2020 ally from the. \n+0001e1a0: 2020 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 6520 kernel image \n+0001e1b0: 616e 6420 616e 2061 7262 6974 7261 7279 and an arbitrary\n+0001e1c0: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 206d 6f64 756c 6573 list of modules\n+0001e1d0: 2062 7920 7468 6520 e280 9867 7275 622d by the ...grub-\n+0001e1e0: 6d6b 696d 6167 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 mkimage.... \n+0001e1f0: 7072 6f67 7261 6d2e 2020 5573 7561 6c6c program. Usuall\n+0001e200: 792c 2069 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2065 y, it contains e\n+0001e210: 6e6f 7567 6820 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 746f nough modules to\n+0001e220: 2061 6363 6573 730a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 access. ...\n+0001e230: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 992c 2061 /boot/grub..., a\n+0001e240: 6e64 206c 6f61 6473 2065 7665 7279 7468 nd loads everyth\n+0001e250: 696e 6720 656c 7365 2028 696e 636c 7564 ing else (includ\n+0001e260: 696e 6720 6d65 6e75 2068 616e 646c 696e ing menu handlin\n+0001e270: 672c 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6162 696c g,. the abil\n+0001e280: 6974 7920 746f 206c 6f61 6420 7461 7267 ity to load targ\n+0001e290: 6574 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 et operating sys\n+0001e2a0: 7465 6d73 2c20 616e 6420 736f 206f 6e29 tems, and so on)\n+0001e2b0: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2066 from the. f\n+0001e2c0: 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2061 7420 7275 ile system at ru\n+0001e2d0: 6e2d 7469 6d65 2e20 2054 6865 206d 6f64 n-time. The mod\n+0001e2e0: 756c 6172 2064 6573 6967 6e20 616c 6c6f ular design allo\n+0001e2f0: 7773 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 ws the core imag\n+0001e300: 650a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 6265 206b 6570 e. to be kep\n+0001e310: 7420 736d 616c 6c2c 2073 696e 6365 2074 t small, since t\n+0001e320: 6865 2061 7265 6173 206f 6620 6469 736b he areas of disk\n+0001e330: 2077 6865 7265 2069 7420 6d75 7374 2062 where it must b\n+0001e340: 650a 2020 2020 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 e. installed\n+0001e350: 2061 7265 206f 6674 656e 2061 7320 736d are often as sm\n+0001e360: 616c 6c20 6173 2033 324b 422e 0a0a 2020 all as 32KB... \n+0001e370: 2020 202a 4e6f 7465 2042 494f 5320 696e *Note BIOS in\n+0001e380: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2c20 666f stallation::, fo\n+0001e390: 7220 6465 7461 696c 7320 6f6e 2077 6865 r details on whe\n+0001e3a0: 7265 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 re the core imag\n+0001e3b0: 6520 6361 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 6520 696e e can. be in\n+0001e3c0: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6f6e 2050 4320 7379 stalled on PC sy\n+0001e3d0: 7374 656d 732e 0a0a e280 982a 2e6d 6f64 stems......*.mod\n+0001e3e0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2045 7665 7279 7468 .... Everyth\n+0001e3f0: 696e 6720 656c 7365 2069 6e20 4752 5542 ing else in GRUB\n+0001e400: 2072 6573 6964 6573 2069 6e20 6479 6e61 resides in dyna\n+0001e410: 6d69 6361 6c6c 7920 6c6f 6164 6162 6c65 mically loadable\n+0001e420: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2e0a 2020 2020 2054 modules.. T\n+0001e430: 6865 7365 2061 7265 206f 6674 656e 206c hese are often l\n+0001e440: 6f61 6465 6420 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 oaded automatica\n+0001e450: 6c6c 792c 206f 7220 6275 696c 7420 696e lly, or built in\n+0001e460: 746f 2074 6865 2063 6f72 6520 696d 6167 to the core imag\n+0001e470: 650a 2020 2020 2069 6620 7468 6579 2061 e. if they a\n+0001e480: 7265 2065 7373 656e 7469 616c 2c20 6275 re essential, bu\n+0001e490: 7420 6d61 7920 616c 736f 2062 6520 6c6f t may also be lo\n+0001e4a0: 6164 6564 206d 616e 7561 6c6c 7920 7573 aded manually us\n+0001e4b0: 696e 6720 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 ing the. ...\n+0001e4c0: 696e 736d 6f64 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e insmod... comman\n+0001e4d0: 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 2069 6e73 6d6f 643a d (*note insmod:\n+0001e4e0: 3a29 2e0a 0a46 6f72 2047 5255 4220 4c65 :)...For GRUB Le\n+0001e4f0: 6761 6379 2075 7365 7273 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d gacy users.=====\n+0001e500: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001e510: 0a0a 4752 5542 2032 2068 6173 2061 2064 ..GRUB 2 has a d\n+0001e520: 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2064 6573 6967 6e20 ifferent design \n+0001e530: 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 from GRUB Legacy\n+0001e540: 2c20 616e 6420 736f 2063 6f72 7265 7370 , and so corresp\n+0001e550: 6f6e 6465 6e63 6573 0a77 6974 6820 7468 ondences.with th\n+0001e560: 6520 696d 6167 6573 2069 7420 7573 6564 e images it used\n+0001e570: 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6265 2065 7861 6374 cannot be exact\n+0001e580: 2e20 204e 6576 6572 7468 656c 6573 732c . Nevertheless,\n+0001e590: 2047 5255 4220 4c65 6761 6379 0a75 7365 GRUB Legacy.use\n+0001e5a0: 7273 206f 6674 656e 2061 736b 2071 7565 rs often ask que\n+0001e5b0: 7374 696f 6e73 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7465 stions in the te\n+0001e5c0: 726d 7320 7468 6579 2061 7265 2066 616d rms they are fam\n+0001e5d0: 696c 6961 7220 7769 7468 2c20 616e 6420 iliar with, and \n+0001e5e0: 736f 0a68 6572 6520 6973 2061 2062 7269 so.here is a bri\n+0001e5f0: 6566 2067 7569 6465 2074 6f20 686f 7720 ef guide to how \n+0001e600: 4752 5542 2032 2773 2069 6d61 6765 7320 GRUB 2's images \n+0001e610: 7265 6c61 7465 2074 6f20 7468 6174 2e0a relate to that..\n+0001e620: 0ae2 8098 7374 6167 6531 e280 990a 2020 ....stage1.... \n+0001e630: 2020 2053 7461 6765 2031 2066 726f 6d20 Stage 1 from \n+0001e640: 4752 5542 204c 6567 6163 7920 7761 7320 GRUB Legacy was \n+0001e650: 7665 7279 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 6f20 very similar to \n+0001e660: e280 9862 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 2069 ...boot.img... i\n+0001e670: 6e20 4752 5542 2032 2c0a 2020 2020 2061 n GRUB 2,. a\n+0001e680: 6e64 2074 6865 7920 7365 7276 6520 7468 nd they serve th\n+0001e690: 6520 7361 6d65 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e2e e same function.\n+0001e6a0: 0a0a e280 982a 5f73 7461 6765 315f 35e2 .....*_stage1_5.\n+0001e6b0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 496e 2047 5255 4220 ... In GRUB \n+0001e6c0: 4c65 6761 6379 2c20 5374 6167 6520 312e Legacy, Stage 1.\n+0001e6d0: 3527 7320 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2077 6173 5's function was\n+0001e6e0: 2074 6f20 696e 636c 7564 6520 656e 6f75 to include enou\n+0001e6f0: 6768 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 7379 7374 gh. filesyst\n+0001e700: 656d 2063 6f64 6520 746f 2061 6c6c 6f77 em code to allow\n+0001e710: 2074 6865 206d 7563 6820 6c61 7267 6572 the much larger\n+0001e720: 2053 7461 6765 2032 2074 6f20 6265 2072 Stage 2 to be r\n+0001e730: 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 ead from an. \n+0001e740: 206f 7264 696e 6172 7920 6669 6c65 7379 ordinary filesy\n+0001e750: 7374 656d 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6973 2072 stem. In this r\n+0001e760: 6573 7065 6374 2c20 6974 7320 6675 6e63 espect, its func\n+0001e770: 7469 6f6e 2077 6173 2073 696d 696c 6172 tion was similar\n+0001e780: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 636f 7265 to. ...core\n+0001e790: 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 696e 2047 5255 4220 .img... in GRUB \n+0001e7a0: 322e 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c 20e2 8098 2. However, ...\n+0001e7b0: 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 6973 206d core.img... is m\n+0001e7c0: 7563 6820 6d6f 7265 2063 6170 6162 6c65 uch more capable\n+0001e7d0: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 616e 2053 7461 6765 . than Stage\n+0001e7e0: 2031 2e35 2077 6173 3b20 7369 6e63 6520 1.5 was; since \n+0001e7f0: 6974 206f 6666 6572 7320 6120 7265 7363 it offers a resc\n+0001e800: 7565 2073 6865 6c6c 2c20 6974 2069 7320 ue shell, it is \n+0001e810: 736f 6d65 7469 6d65 730a 2020 2020 2070 sometimes. p\n+0001e820: 6f73 7369 626c 6520 746f 2072 6563 6f76 ossible to recov\n+0001e830: 6572 206d 616e 7561 6c6c 7920 696e 2074 er manually in t\n+0001e840: 6865 2065 7665 6e74 2074 6861 7420 6974 he event that it\n+0001e850: 2069 7320 756e 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6c6f is unable to lo\n+0001e860: 6164 0a20 2020 2020 616e 7920 6f74 6865 ad. any othe\n+0001e870: 7220 6d6f 6475 6c65 732c 2066 6f72 2065 r modules, for e\n+0001e880: 7861 6d70 6c65 2069 6620 7061 7274 6974 xample if partit\n+0001e890: 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 6861 7665 ion numbers have\n+0001e8a0: 2063 6861 6e67 6564 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 changed.. .\n+0001e8b0: 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 6973 ..core.img... is\n+0001e8c0: 2062 7569 6c74 2069 6e20 6120 6d6f 7265 built in a more\n+0001e8d0: 2066 6c65 7869 626c 6520 7761 792c 2061 flexible way, a\n+0001e8e0: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 4752 5542 2032 2074 llowing GRUB 2 t\n+0001e8f0: 6f0a 2020 2020 2073 7570 706f 7274 2072 o. support r\n+0001e900: 6561 6469 6e67 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2066 eading modules f\n+0001e910: 726f 6d20 6164 7661 6e63 6564 2064 6973 rom advanced dis\n+0001e920: 6b20 7479 7065 7320 7375 6368 2061 7320 k types such as \n+0001e930: 4c56 4d20 616e 640a 2020 2020 2052 4149 LVM and. RAI\n+0001e940: 442e 0a0a 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 4c65 D... GRUB Le\n+0001e950: 6761 6379 2063 6f75 6c64 2072 756e 2077 gacy could run w\n+0001e960: 6974 6820 6f6e 6c79 2053 7461 6765 2031 ith only Stage 1\n+0001e970: 2061 6e64 2053 7461 6765 2032 2069 6e20 and Stage 2 in \n+0001e980: 736f 6d65 206c 696d 6974 6564 0a20 2020 some limited. \n+0001e990: 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e73 configurations\n+0001e9a0: 2c20 7768 696c 6520 4752 5542 2032 2072 , while GRUB 2 r\n+0001e9b0: 6571 7569 7265 7320 e280 9863 6f72 652e equires ...core.\n+0001e9c0: 696d 67e2 8099 2061 6e64 2063 616e 6e6f img... and canno\n+0001e9d0: 7420 776f 726b 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 t work. with\n+0001e9e0: 6f75 7420 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 7374 6167 out it......stag\n+0001e9f0: 6532 e280 990a 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 e2.... GRUB \n+0001ea00: 3220 6861 7320 6e6f 2073 696e 676c 6520 2 has no single \n+0001ea10: 5374 6167 6520 3220 696d 6167 652e 2020 Stage 2 image. \n+0001ea20: 496e 7374 6561 642c 2069 7420 6c6f 6164 Instead, it load\n+0001ea30: 7320 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 0a20 s modules from. \n+0001ea40: 2020 2020 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 .../boot/gru\n+0001ea50: 62e2 8099 2061 7420 7275 6e2d 7469 6d65 b... at run-time\n+0001ea60: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 7374 6167 6532 5f65 6c74 ......stage2_elt\n+0001ea70: 6f72 6974 6fe2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 496e orito.... In\n+0001ea80: 2047 5255 4220 322c 2069 6d61 6765 7320 GRUB 2, images \n+0001ea90: 666f 7220 626f 6f74 696e 6720 6672 6f6d for booting from\n+0001eaa0: 2043 442d 524f 4d20 6472 6976 6573 2061 CD-ROM drives a\n+0001eab0: 7265 206e 6f77 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e73 re now. cons\n+0001eac0: 7472 7563 7465 6420 7573 696e 6720 e280 tructed using ..\n+0001ead0: 9863 6462 6f6f 742e 696d 67e2 8099 2061 .cdboot.img... a\n+0001eae0: 6e64 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 nd ...core.img..\n+0001eaf0: 992c 206d 616b 696e 6720 7375 7265 2074 ., making sure t\n+0001eb00: 6861 7420 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f72 hat the. cor\n+0001eb10: 6520 696d 6167 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 e image contains\n+0001eb20: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6973 6f39 3636 30e2 the ...iso9660.\n+0001eb30: 8099 206d 6f64 756c 652e 2020 4974 2069 .. module. It i\n+0001eb40: 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6265 7374 2074 s usually best t\n+0001eb50: 6f0a 2020 2020 2075 7365 2074 6865 20e2 o. use the .\n+0001eb60: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 65e2 ..grub-mkrescue.\n+0001eb70: 8099 2070 726f 6772 616d 2066 6f72 2074 .. program for t\n+0001eb80: 6869 732e 0a0a e280 986e 6267 7275 62e2 his......nbgrub.\n+0001eb90: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6572 6520 6973 ... There is\n+0001eba0: 2061 7320 7965 7420 6e6f 2065 7175 6976 as yet no equiv\n+0001ebb0: 616c 656e 7420 666f 7220 e280 986e 6267 alent for ...nbg\n+0001ebc0: 7275 62e2 8099 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2032 rub... in GRUB 2\n+0001ebd0: 3b20 6974 2077 6173 2075 7365 640a 2020 ; it was used. \n+0001ebe0: 2020 2062 7920 4574 6865 7262 6f6f 7420 by Etherboot \n+0001ebf0: 616e 6420 736f 6d65 206f 7468 6572 206e and some other n\n+0001ec00: 6574 776f 726b 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 etwork boot load\n+0001ec10: 6572 732e 0a0a e280 9870 7865 6772 7562 ers......pxegrub\n+0001ec20: e280 990a 2020 2020 2049 6e20 4752 5542 .... In GRUB\n+0001ec30: 2032 2c20 696d 6167 6573 2066 6f72 2050 2, images for P\n+0001ec40: 5845 206e 6574 776f 726b 2062 6f6f 7469 XE network booti\n+0001ec50: 6e67 2061 7265 206e 6f77 2063 6f6e 7374 ng are now const\n+0001ec60: 7275 6374 6564 2075 7369 6e67 0a20 2020 ructed using. \n+0001ec70: 2020 e280 9870 7865 626f 6f74 2e69 6d67 ...pxeboot.img\n+0001ec80: e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9863 6f72 652e ... and ...core.\n+0001ec90: 696d 67e2 8099 2c20 6d61 6b69 6e67 2073 img..., making s\n+0001eca0: 7572 6520 7468 6174 2074 6865 2063 6f72 ure that the cor\n+0001ecb0: 6520 696d 6167 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e e image. con\n+0001ecc0: 7461 696e 7320 7468 6520 e280 9870 7865 tains the ...pxe\n+0001ecd0: e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9870 7865 636d ... and ...pxecm\n+0001ece0: 64e2 8099 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2e20 202a d... modules. *\n+0001ecf0: 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a Note Network::..\n+0001ed00: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+0001ed10: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6f72 6520 fo, Node: Core \n+0001ed20: 696d 6167 6520 7369 7a65 206c 696d 6974 image size limit\n+0001ed30: 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4669 ation, Next: Fi\n+0001ed40: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2c20 2050 7265 763a lesystem, Prev:\n+0001ed50: 2049 6d61 6765 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f Images, Up: To\n+0001ed60: 700a 0a31 3220 436f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 p..12 Core image\n+0001ed70: 2073 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e size limitation\n+0001ed80: 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a .***************\n+0001ed90: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n+0001eda0: 4865 6176 696c 7920 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 Heavily limited \n+0001edb0: 706c 6174 666f 726d 733a 0a20 2020 e280 platforms:. ..\n+0001edc0: a220 6933 3836 2d70 6320 286e 6f72 6d61 . i386-pc (norma\n+0001edd0: 6c20 616e 6420 5058 4529 3a20 7468 6520 l and PXE): the \n+0001ede0: 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2073 697a 6520 core image size \n+0001edf0: 2863 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6429 2069 730a (compressed) is.\n+0001ee00: 2020 2020 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 limited by \n+0001ee10: 3435 3832 3430 2062 7974 6573 2e20 206b 458240 bytes. k\n+0001ee20: 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 ernel.img (.text\n+0001ee30: 202b 202e 6461 7461 202b 202e 6273 732c + .data + .bss,\n+0001ee40: 0a20 2020 2020 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 . uncompress\n+0001ee50: 6564 2920 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 ed) is limited b\n+0001ee60: 7920 3339 3237 3034 2062 7974 6573 2e20 y 392704 bytes. \n+0001ee70: 206d 6f64 756c 6520 7369 7a65 0a20 2020 module size. \n+0001ee80: 2020 2875 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6429 (uncompressed)\n+0001ee90: 202b 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 282e + kernel.img (.\n+0001eea0: 7465 7874 202b 202e 6461 7461 2c20 756e text + .data, un\n+0001eeb0: 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 2920 6973 0a20 compressed) is. \n+0001eec0: 2020 2020 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 2074 limited by t\n+0001eed0: 6865 2073 697a 6520 6f66 2063 6f6e 7469 he size of conti\n+0001eee0: 6775 6f75 7320 6368 756e 6b20 6174 2031 guous chunk at 1\n+0001eef0: 4d20 6164 6472 6573 732e 0a20 2020 e280 M address.. ..\n+0001ef00: a220 7370 6172 6336 342d 6965 6565 3132 . sparc64-ieee12\n+0001ef10: 3735 3a20 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 6d67 2028 75: kernel.img (\n+0001ef20: 2e74 6578 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 6120 2b20 .text + .data + \n+0001ef30: 2e62 7373 2920 2b20 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 .bss) + modules \n+0001ef40: 2b0a 2020 2020 2032 3536 4b20 2873 7461 +. 256K (sta\n+0001ef50: 636b 2920 2b20 324d 2028 6865 6170 2920 ck) + 2M (heap) \n+0001ef60: 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 7370 is limited by sp\n+0001ef70: 6163 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6174 ace available at\n+0001ef80: 2030 7834 3430 302e 0a20 2020 2020 4f6e 0x4400.. On\n+0001ef90: 206d 6f73 7420 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 most platforms \n+0001efa0: 6974 2773 206a 7573 7420 3320 6f72 2034 it's just 3 or 4\n+0001efb0: 4d20 7369 6e63 6520 6965 6565 3132 3735 M since ieee1275\n+0001efc0: 206d 6170 7320 6f6e 6c79 2073 6f0a 2020 maps only so. \n+0001efd0: 2020 206d 7563 682e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 much.. ... \n+0001efe0: 6933 3836 2d69 6565 6531 3237 353a 206b i386-ieee1275: k\n+0001eff0: 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 ernel.img (.text\n+0001f000: 202b 202e 6461 7461 202b 202e 6273 7329 + .data + .bss)\n+0001f010: 202b 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2069 730a 2020 + modules is. \n+0001f020: 2020 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 6d65 limited by me\n+0001f030: 6d6f 7279 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2061 mory available a\n+0001f040: 7420 3078 3130 3030 302c 2061 7420 6d6f t 0x10000, at mo\n+0001f050: 7374 2035 3936 4b0a 0a20 2020 4c69 6768 st 596K.. Ligh\n+0001f060: 746c 7920 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 706c 6174 tly limited plat\n+0001f070: 666f 726d 733a 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 202a forms:.. ... *\n+0001f080: 2d78 656e 3a20 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6f6e -xen: limited on\n+0001f090: 6c79 2062 7920 6164 7265 7373 2073 7061 ly by adress spa\n+0001f0a0: 6365 2061 6e64 2052 414d 2073 697a 652e ce and RAM size.\n+0001f0b0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6933 3836 2d71 656d . ... i386-qem\n+0001f0c0: 753a 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 282e u: kernel.img (.\n+0001f0d0: 7465 7874 202b 202e 6461 7461 202b 202e text + .data + .\n+0001f0e0: 6273 7329 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 bss) is limited \n+0001f0f0: 6279 2033 3932 3730 340a 2020 2020 2062 by 392704. b\n+0001f100: 7974 6573 2e20 2028 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 ytes. (core.img\n+0001f110: 2077 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6c69 6d69 7465 would be limite\n+0001f120: 6420 6279 2052 4f4d 2073 697a 6520 6275 d by ROM size bu\n+0001f130: 7420 6974 2773 2075 6e6c 696d 6974 6564 t it's unlimited\n+0001f140: 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e 2071 656d 750a 2020 . on qemu. \n+0001f150: 20e2 80a2 2041 6c6c 2045 4649 2070 6c61 ... All EFI pla\n+0001f160: 7466 6f72 6d73 3a20 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 tforms: limited \n+0001f170: 6279 2063 6f6e 7469 6775 6f75 7320 5241 by contiguous RA\n+0001f180: 4d20 7369 7a65 2061 6e64 2070 6f73 7369 M size and possi\n+0001f190: 626c 790a 2020 2020 2066 6972 6d77 6172 bly. firmwar\n+0001f1a0: 6520 6275 6773 0a20 2020 e280 a220 436f e bugs. ... Co\n+0001f1b0: 7265 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 206d 756c 7469 reboot and multi\n+0001f1c0: 626f 6f74 2e20 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d boot. kernel.im\n+0001f1d0: 6720 282e 7465 7874 202b 202e 6461 7461 g (.text + .data\n+0001f1e0: 202b 202e 6273 7329 2069 730a 2020 2020 + .bss) is. \n+0001f1f0: 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 3339 3237 limited by 3927\n+0001f200: 3034 2062 7974 6573 2e20 206d 6f64 756c 04 bytes. modul\n+0001f210: 6520 7369 7a65 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 e size is limite\n+0001f220: 6420 6279 2074 6865 2073 697a 6520 6f66 d by the size of\n+0001f230: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 6967 756f 7573 . contiguous\n+0001f240: 2063 6875 6e6b 2061 7420 314d 2061 6464 chunk at 1M add\n+0001f250: 7265 7373 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 206d 6970 ress.. ... mip\n+0001f260: 7365 6c2d 6c6f 6f6e 6773 6f6e 2028 454c sel-loongson (EL\n+0001f270: 4629 2c20 6d69 7073 2865 6c29 2d71 656d F), mips(el)-qem\n+0001f280: 755f 6d69 7073 2028 454c 4629 3a20 6966 u_mips (ELF): if\n+0001f290: 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 643a 0a20 uncompressed:. \n+0001f2a0: 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c 2e69 6d67 2028 kernel.img (\n+0001f2b0: 2e74 6578 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 6129 202b .text + .data) +\n+0001f2c0: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 modules is limi\n+0001f2d0: 7465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2073 7061 6365 ted by the space\n+0001f2e0: 2066 726f 6d0a 2020 2020 2038 3032 3030 from. 80200\n+0001f2f0: 3030 3020 666f 7277 6172 6420 6966 2063 000 forward if c\n+0001f300: 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 643a 206b 6572 6e65 ompressed: kerne\n+0001f310: 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 202b 202e l.img (.text + .\n+0001f320: 6461 7461 2c0a 2020 2020 2075 6e63 6f6d data,. uncom\n+0001f330: 7072 6573 7365 6429 202b 206d 6f64 756c pressed) + modul\n+0001f340: 6573 2028 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 es (uncompressed\n+0001f350: 2920 2b20 286d 6f64 756c 6573 202b 206b ) + (modules + k\n+0001f360: 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 670a 2020 2020 2028 ernel.img. (\n+0001f370: 2e74 6578 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 6129 2920 .text + .data)) \n+0001f380: 2863 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6429 202b 2064 (compressed) + d\n+0001f390: 6563 6f6d 7072 6573 736f 7220 6973 206c ecompressor is l\n+0001f3a0: 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 7468 650a 2020 imited by the. \n+0001f3b0: 2020 2073 7061 6365 2066 726f 6d20 3830 space from 80\n+0001f3c0: 3230 3030 3030 2066 6f72 7761 7264 0a20 200000 forward. \n+0001f3d0: 2020 e280 a220 6d69 7073 656c 2d6c 6f6f ... mipsel-loo\n+0001f3e0: 6e67 736f 6e20 2846 6c61 7368 292c 206d ngson (Flash), m\n+0001f3f0: 6970 7328 656c 292d 7165 6d75 5f6d 6970 ips(el)-qemu_mip\n+0001f400: 7320 2846 6c61 7368 293a 206b 6572 6e65 s (Flash): kerne\n+0001f410: 6c2e 696d 670a 2020 2020 2028 2e74 6578 l.img. (.tex\n+0001f420: 7420 2b20 2e64 6174 6129 202b 206d 6f64 t + .data) + mod\n+0001f430: 756c 6573 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 ules is limited \n+0001f440: 6279 2074 6865 2073 7061 6365 2066 726f by the space fro\n+0001f450: 6d20 3830 3230 3030 3030 0a20 2020 2020 m 80200000. \n+0001f460: 666f 7277 6172 6420 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 forward core.img\n+0001f470: 2028 6669 6e61 6c29 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 (final) is limi\n+0001f480: 7465 6420 6279 2066 6c61 7368 2073 697a ted by flash siz\n+0001f490: 6520 2835 3132 4b20 6f6e 2079 6565 6c6f e (512K on yeelo\n+0001f4a0: 6f6e 670a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2066 756c ong. and ful\n+0001f4b0: 6f6f 6f6e 6729 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6d69 ooong). ... mi\n+0001f4c0: 7073 2d61 7263 3a20 6966 2075 6e63 6f6d ps-arc: if uncom\n+0001f4d0: 7072 6573 7365 643a 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e pressed: kernel.\n+0001f4e0: 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 202b 202e 6461 img (.text + .da\n+0001f4f0: 7461 2920 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 ta) is limited b\n+0001f500: 790a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2073 7061 6365 y. the space\n+0001f510: 2066 726f 6d20 3862 6430 3030 3030 2066 from 8bd00000 f\n+0001f520: 6f72 7761 7264 206d 6f64 756c 6573 202b orward modules +\n+0001f530: 2064 756d 6d79 2064 6563 6f6d 7072 6573 dummy decompres\n+0001f540: 736f 7220 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 6d69 sor is. limi\n+0001f550: 7465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2073 7061 6365 ted by the space\n+0001f560: 2066 726f 6d20 3862 6430 3030 3030 2062 from 8bd00000 b\n+0001f570: 6163 6b77 6172 6420 6966 2063 6f6d 7072 ackward if compr\n+0001f580: 6573 7365 643a 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e essed:. kern\n+0001f590: 656c 2e69 6d67 2028 2e74 6578 7420 2b20 el.img (.text + \n+0001f5a0: 2e64 6174 612c 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 .data, uncompres\n+0001f5b0: 7365 6429 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 sed) is limited \n+0001f5c0: 6279 2074 6865 2073 7061 6365 0a20 2020 by the space. \n+0001f5d0: 2020 6672 6f6d 2038 6264 3030 3030 3020 from 8bd00000 \n+0001f5e0: 666f 7277 6172 6420 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 forward modules \n+0001f5f0: 2875 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6429 202b (uncompressed) +\n+0001f600: 2028 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 2b0a 2020 2020 (modules +. \n+0001f610: 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 kernel.img (.te\n+0001f620: 7874 202b 202e 6461 7461 2929 2028 636f xt + .data)) (co\n+0001f630: 6d70 7265 7373 6564 2c20 616c 6967 6e65 mpressed, aligne\n+0001f640: 6420 746f 2031 4d29 202b 2031 4d0a 2020 d to 1M) + 1M. \n+0001f650: 2020 2028 6465 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6f72 (decompressor\n+0001f660: 202b 2073 6372 6174 6368 2073 7061 6365 + scratch space\n+0001f670: 2920 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 ) is limited by \n+0001f680: 7468 6520 7370 6163 6520 6672 6f6d 0a20 the space from. \n+0001f690: 2020 2020 3862 6430 3030 3030 2062 6163 8bd00000 bac\n+0001f6a0: 6b77 6172 640a 2020 20e2 80a2 2070 6f77 kward. ... pow\n+0001f6b0: 6572 7063 2d69 6565 6531 3237 353a 206b erpc-ieee1275: k\n+0001f6c0: 6572 6e65 6c2e 696d 6720 282e 7465 7874 ernel.img (.text\n+0001f6d0: 202b 202e 6461 7461 202b 202e 6273 7329 + .data + .bss)\n+0001f6e0: 202b 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2069 730a 2020 + modules is. \n+0001f6f0: 2020 206c 696d 6974 6564 2062 7920 7370 limited by sp\n+0001f700: 6163 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6174 ace available at\n+0001f710: 2030 7832 3030 3030 300a 0a1f 0a46 696c 0x200000....Fil\n+0001f720: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+0001f730: 6f64 653a 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2c ode: Filesystem,\n+0001f740: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 7465 7266 6163 Next: Interfac\n+0001f750: 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 436f 7265 2069 e, Prev: Core i\n+0001f760: 6d61 6765 2073 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 mage size limita\n+0001f770: 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a tion, Up: Top..\n+0001f780: 3133 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 7379 13 Filesystem sy\n+0001f790: 6e74 6178 2061 6e64 2073 656d 616e 7469 ntax and semanti\n+0001f7a0: 6373 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a cs.*************\n 0001f7b0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0001f7c0: 2a0a 0a47 5255 4220 7573 6573 2061 2073 *..GRUB uses a s\n-0001f7d0: 7065 6369 616c 2073 796e 7461 7820 666f pecial syntax fo\n-0001f7e0: 7220 7370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 2064 6973 r specifying dis\n-0001f7f0: 6b20 6472 6976 6573 2077 6869 6368 2063 k drives which c\n-0001f800: 616e 2062 650a 6163 6365 7373 6564 2062 an be.accessed b\n-0001f810: 7920 4249 4f53 2e20 4265 6361 7573 6520 y BIOS. Because \n-0001f820: 6f66 2042 494f 5320 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 of BIOS limitati\n-0001f830: 6f6e 732c 2047 5255 4220 6361 6e6e 6f74 ons, GRUB cannot\n-0001f840: 2064 6973 7469 6e67 7569 7368 0a62 6574 distinguish.bet\n-0001f850: 7765 656e 2049 4445 2c20 4553 4449 2c20 ween IDE, ESDI, \n-0001f860: 5343 5349 2c20 6f72 206f 7468 6572 732e SCSI, or others.\n-0001f870: 2020 596f 7520 6d75 7374 206b 6e6f 7720 You must know \n-0001f880: 796f 7572 7365 6c66 2077 6869 6368 2042 yourself which B\n-0001f890: 494f 530a 6465 7669 6365 2069 7320 6571 IOS.device is eq\n-0001f8a0: 7569 7661 6c65 6e74 2074 6f20 7768 6963 uivalent to whic\n-0001f8b0: 6820 4f53 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 4e6f h OS device. No\n-0001f8c0: 726d 616c 6c79 2c20 7468 6174 2077 696c rmally, that wil\n-0001f8d0: 6c20 6265 2063 6c65 6172 0a69 6620 796f l be clear.if yo\n-0001f8e0: 7520 7365 6520 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7320 u see the files \n-0001f8f0: 696e 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 6f72 2075 in a device or u\n-0001f900: 7365 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 se the command .\n-0001f910: 8098 7365 6172 6368 e280 9920 282a 6e6f ..search... (*no\n-0001f920: 7465 0a73 6561 7263 683a 3a29 2e0a 0a2a te.search::)...*\n-0001f930: 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4465 7669 6365 Menu:..* Device\n-0001f940: 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 syntax:: \n-0001f950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 486f 7720 746f 2073 How to s\n-0001f960: 7065 6369 6679 2064 6576 6963 6573 0a2a pecify devices.*\n-0001f970: 2046 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 796e 7461 File name synta\n-0001f980: 783a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2048 x:: H\n-0001f990: 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 6669 ow to specify fi\n-0001f9a0: 6c65 730a 2a20 426c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 les.* Block list\n-0001f9b0: 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 syntax:: \n-0001f9c0: 2020 2020 486f 7720 746f 2073 7065 6369 How to speci\n-0001f9d0: 6679 2062 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7473 0a0a fy block lists..\n-0001f9e0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-0001f9f0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 7669 6365 o, Node: Device\n-0001fa00: 2073 796e 7461 782c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 syntax, Next: \n-0001fa10: 4669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7379 6e74 6178 File name syntax\n-0001fa20: 2c20 2055 703a 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 , Up: Filesyste\n-0001fa30: 6d0a 0a31 332e 3120 486f 7720 746f 2073 m..13.1 How to s\n-0001fa40: 7065 6369 6679 2064 6576 6963 6573 0a3d pecify devices.=\n-0001fa50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0001fa60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 ==========..The \n-0001fa70: 6465 7669 6365 2073 796e 7461 7820 6973 device syntax is\n-0001fa80: 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 like this:.. \n-0001fa90: 2020 2844 4556 4943 455b 2c50 4152 544d (DEVICE[,PARTM\n-0001faa0: 4150 2d4e 414d 4531 5041 5254 2d4e 554d AP-NAME1PART-NUM\n-0001fab0: 315b 2c50 4152 544d 4150 2d4e 414d 4532 1[,PARTMAP-NAME2\n-0001fac0: 5041 5254 2d4e 554d 325b 2c2e 2e2e 5d5d PART-NUM2[,...]]\n-0001fad0: 5d29 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 5b5d e280 9920 ]).. ...[]... \n-0001fae0: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 7061 7261 6d65 means the parame\n-0001faf0: 7465 7220 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c2e ter is optional.\n-0001fb00: 2020 4445 5649 4345 2064 6570 656e 6473 DEVICE depends\n-0001fb10: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6469 736b 0a64 7269 on the disk.dri\n-0001fb20: 7665 7220 696e 2075 7365 2e20 2042 494f ver in use. BIO\n-0001fb30: 5320 616e 6420 4546 4920 6469 736b 7320 S and EFI disks \n-0001fb40: 7573 6520 6569 7468 6572 20e2 8098 6664 use either ...fd\n-0001fb50: e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 6864 e280 9920 ... or ...hd... \n-0001fb60: 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 7920 610a 6469 followed by a.di\n-0001fb70: 6769 742c 206c 696b 6520 e280 9866 6430 git, like ...fd0\n-0001fb80: e280 992c 206f 7220 e280 9863 64e2 8099 ..., or ...cd...\n-0001fb90: 2e20 2041 4843 492c 2050 4154 4120 2861 . AHCI, PATA (a\n-0001fba0: 7461 292c 2063 7279 7074 6f2c 2055 5342 ta), crypto, USB\n-0001fbb0: 2075 7365 2074 6865 206e 616d 650a 6f66 use the name.of\n-0001fbc0: 2064 7269 7665 7220 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 driver followed\n-0001fbd0: 2062 7920 6120 6e75 6d62 6572 2e20 204d by a number. M\n-0001fbe0: 656d 6469 736b 2061 6e64 2068 6f73 7420 emdisk and host \n-0001fbf0: 6172 6520 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 746f 206f are limited to o\n-0001fc00: 6e65 0a64 6973 6b20 616e 6420 736f 2069 ne.disk and so i\n-0001fc10: 7427 7320 7265 6665 7265 6420 6a75 7374 t's refered just\n-0001fc20: 2062 7920 6472 6976 6572 206e 616d 652e by driver name.\n-0001fc30: 2020 5241 4944 2028 6d64 292c 206f 6664 RAID (md), ofd\n-0001fc40: 6973 6b0a 2869 6565 6531 3237 3520 616e isk.(ieee1275 an\n-0001fc50: 6420 6e61 6e64 292c 204c 564d 2028 6c76 d nand), LVM (lv\n-0001fc60: 6d29 2c20 4c44 4d2c 2076 6972 7469 6f20 m), LDM, virtio \n-0001fc70: 2876 6473 6b29 2061 6e64 2061 7263 6469 (vdsk) and arcdi\n-0001fc80: 736b 2028 6172 6329 2075 7365 0a69 6e74 sk (arc) use.int\n-0001fc90: 7269 6e73 6963 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2064 rinsic name of d\n-0001fca0: 6973 6b20 7072 6566 6978 6564 2062 7920 isk prefixed by \n-0001fcb0: 6472 6976 6572 206e 616d 652e 2020 4164 driver name. Ad\n-0001fcc0: 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 206a 7573 740a ditionally just.\n-0001fcd0: 226e 616e 6422 2072 6566 6572 7320 746f \"nand\" refers to\n-0001fce0: 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b20 616c 6961 7365 the disk aliase\n-0001fcf0: 6420 6173 2022 6e61 6e64 222e 2020 436f d as \"nand\". Co\n-0001fd00: 6e66 6c69 6374 7320 6172 6520 736f 6c76 nflicts are solv\n-0001fd10: 6564 2062 790a 7375 6666 6978 696e 6720 ed by.suffixing \n-0001fd20: 6120 6e75 6d62 6572 2069 6620 6e65 6365 a number if nece\n-0001fd30: 7373 6172 7279 2e20 2043 6f6d 6d61 7320 ssarry. Commas \n-0001fd40: 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2065 7363 6170 need to be escap\n-0001fd50: 6564 2e20 204c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b0a 7573 ed. Loopback.us\n-0001fd60: 6573 2077 6861 7465 7665 7220 6e61 6d65 es whatever name\n-0001fd70: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2074 6f20 e280 specified to ..\n-0001fd80: 986c 6f6f 7062 6163 6be2 8099 2063 6f6d .loopback... com\n-0001fd90: 6d61 6e64 2e20 2048 6f73 7464 6973 6b20 mand. Hostdisk \n-0001fda0: 7573 6573 206e 616d 6573 0a73 7065 6369 uses names.speci\n-0001fdb0: 6669 6564 2069 6e20 6465 7669 6365 2e6d fied in device.m\n-0001fdc0: 6170 2061 7320 6c6f 6e67 2061 7320 6974 ap as long as it\n-0001fdd0: 2773 206f 6620 7468 6520 666f 726d 205b 's of the form [\n-0001fde0: 6668 635d 645b 302d 395d 2a20 6f72 0a68 fhc]d[0-9]* or.h\n-0001fdf0: 6f73 7464 6973 6b2f 3c4f 5320 4445 5649 ostdisk/. For crypto\n-0001fe10: 2061 6e64 2052 4149 4420 286d 6429 2061 and RAID (md) a\n-0001fe20: 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 796f 7520 dditionally you \n-0001fe30: 6361 6e20 7573 650a 7468 6520 7379 6e74 can use.the synt\n-0001fe40: 6178 203c 6472 6976 6572 206e 616d 653e ax \n-0001fe50: 7575 6964 2f3c 7575 6964 3e2e 2020 466f uuid/. Fo\n-0001fe60: 7220 4c56 4d20 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c r LVM additional\n-0001fe70: 6c79 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2075 7365 0a74 ly you can use.t\n-0001fe80: 6865 2073 796e 7461 7820 6c76 6d69 642f he syntax lvmid/\n-0001fe90: 3c76 6f6c 756d 652d 6772 6f75 702d 7575 /... (fd0). \n-0001fec0: 2020 2020 2868 6430 290a 2020 2020 2028 (hd0). (\n-0001fed0: 6364 290a 2020 2020 2028 6168 6369 3029 cd). (ahci0)\n-0001fee0: 0a20 2020 2020 2861 7461 3029 0a20 2020 . (ata0). \n-0001fef0: 2020 2863 7279 7074 6f30 290a 2020 2020 (crypto0). \n-0001ff00: 2028 7573 6230 290a 2020 2020 2028 6372 (usb0). (cr\n-0001ff10: 7970 746f 7575 6964 2f31 3233 3435 3637 yptouuid/1234567\n-0001ff20: 3839 6162 6364 6566 3031 3233 3435 3637 89abcdef01234567\n-0001ff30: 3839 6162 6364 6566 3029 0a20 2020 2020 89abcdef0). \n-0001ff40: 286d 6475 7569 642f 3132 3334 3536 3738 (mduuid/12345678\n-0001ff50: 3961 6263 6465 6630 3132 3334 3536 3738 9abcdef012345678\n-0001ff60: 3961 6263 6465 6630 290a 2020 2020 2028 9abcdef0). (\n-0001ff70: 6c76 6d2f 7379 7374 656d 2d72 6f6f 7429 lvm/system-root)\n-0001ff80: 0a20 2020 2020 286c 766d 6964 2f46 3169 . (lvmid/F1i\n-0001ff90: 6b67 442d 3252 4553 2d33 3036 472d 696c kgD-2RES-306G-il\n-0001ffa0: 394d 2d37 6977 612d 344e 4b57 2d45 6256 9M-7iwa-4NKW-EbV\n-0001ffb0: 314e 562f 654c 4775 4351 2d4c 344b 612d 1NV/eLGuCQ-L4Ka-\n-0001ffc0: 5855 6752 2d73 6a74 4a2d 6666 6368 2d62 XUgR-sjtJ-ffch-b\n-0001ffd0: 616a 722d 6643 4e66 7a35 290a 2020 2020 ajr-fCNfz5). \n-0001ffe0: 2028 6d64 2f6d 7972 6169 6429 0a20 2020 (md/myraid). \n-0001fff0: 2020 286d 642f 3029 0a20 2020 2020 2869 (md/0). (i\n-00020000: 6565 6531 3237 352f 6469 736b 3229 0a20 eee1275/disk2). \n-00020010: 2020 2020 2869 6565 6531 3237 352f 2f70 (ieee1275//p\n-00020020: 6369 4031 665c 2c30 2f69 6465 4064 2f64 ci@1f\\,0/ide@d/d\n-00020030: 6973 6b40 3229 0a20 2020 2020 286e 616e isk@2). (nan\n-00020040: 6429 0a20 2020 2020 286d 656d 6469 736b d). (memdisk\n-00020050: 290a 2020 2020 2028 686f 7374 290a 2020 ). (host). \n-00020060: 2020 2028 6d79 6c6f 6f70 290a 2020 2020 (myloop). \n-00020070: 2028 686f 7374 6469 736b 2f2f 6465 762f (hostdisk//dev/\n-00020080: 7364 6129 0a0a 2020 2050 4152 542d 4e55 sda).. PART-NU\n-00020090: 4d20 7265 7072 6573 656e 7473 2074 6865 M represents the\n-000200a0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 partition numbe\n-000200b0: 7220 6f66 2044 4556 4943 452c 2073 7461 r of DEVICE, sta\n-000200c0: 7274 696e 6720 6672 6f6d 0a6f 6e65 2e20 rting from.one. \n-000200d0: 2050 4152 544e 414d 4520 6973 206f 7074 PARTNAME is opt\n-000200e0: 696f 6e61 6c20 6275 7420 6973 2072 6563 ional but is rec\n-000200f0: 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 2073 696e 6365 2064 ommended since d\n-00020100: 6973 6b20 6d61 7920 6861 7665 0a73 6576 isk may have.sev\n-00020110: 6572 616c 2074 6f70 2d6c 6576 656c 2070 eral top-level p\n-00020120: 6172 746d 6170 732e 2020 5370 6563 6966 artmaps. Specif\n-00020130: 7969 6e67 2074 6869 7264 2061 6e64 206c ying third and l\n-00020140: 6174 6572 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 2079 ater component y\n-00020150: 6f75 0a63 616e 2061 6363 6573 7320 746f ou.can access to\n-00020160: 2073 7562 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 2e0a subpartitions..\n-00020170: 0a20 2020 5468 6520 7379 6e74 6178 20e2 . The syntax .\n-00020180: 8098 2868 6430 29e2 8099 2072 6570 7265 ..(hd0)... repre\n-00020190: 7365 6e74 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 sents using the \n-000201a0: 656e 7469 7265 2064 6973 6b20 286f 7220 entire disk (or \n-000201b0: 7468 6520 4d42 5220 7768 656e 0a69 6e73 the MBR when.ins\n-000201c0: 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 292c 2077 talling GRUB), w\n-000201d0: 6869 6c65 2074 6865 2073 796e 7461 7820 hile the syntax \n-000201e0: e280 9828 6864 302c 3129 e280 9920 7265 ...(hd0,1)... re\n-000201f0: 7072 6573 656e 7473 2075 7369 6e67 2074 presents using t\n-00020200: 6865 2066 6972 7374 0a70 6172 7469 7469 he first.partiti\n-00020210: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 6469 736b 2028 on of the disk (\n-00020220: 6f72 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7365 6374 or the boot sect\n-00020230: 6f72 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 or of the partit\n-00020240: 696f 6e20 7768 656e 0a69 6e73 7461 6c6c ion when.install\n-00020250: 696e 6720 4752 5542 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 ing GRUB)... \n-00020260: 2028 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7331 290a 2020 (hd0,msdos1). \n-00020270: 2020 2028 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7331 2c6d (hd0,msdos1,m\n-00020280: 7364 6f73 3529 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 sdos5). (hd0\n-00020290: 2c6d 7364 6f73 312c 6273 6433 290a 2020 ,msdos1,bsd3). \n-000202a0: 2020 2028 6864 302c 6e65 7462 7364 3129 (hd0,netbsd1)\n-000202b0: 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 2c67 7074 3129 . (hd0,gpt1)\n-000202c0: 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 2c31 2c33 290a . (hd0,1,3).\n-000202d0: 0a20 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2065 6e61 626c . If you enabl\n-000202e0: 6564 2074 6865 206e 6574 776f 726b 2073 ed the network s\n-000202f0: 7570 706f 7274 2c20 7468 6520 7370 6563 upport, the spec\n-00020300: 6961 6c20 6472 6976 6573 0ae2 8098 2850 ial drives....(P\n-00020310: 524f 544f 434f 4c5b 2c53 4552 5645 525d ROTOCOL[,SERVER]\n-00020320: 29e2 8099 2061 7265 2061 6c73 6f20 6176 )... are also av\n-00020330: 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 5375 7070 6f72 ailable. Suppor\n-00020340: 7465 6420 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 7320 6172 ted protocols ar\n-00020350: 650a e280 9868 7474 70e2 8099 2061 6e64 e....http... and\n-00020360: 20e2 8098 7466 7470 e280 992e 2020 4966 ...tftp.... If\n-00020370: 2053 4552 5645 5220 6973 206f 6d69 7474 SERVER is omitt\n-00020380: 6564 2c20 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2065 6e76 ed, value of env\n-00020390: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-000203a0: 650a e280 986e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 e....net_default\n-000203b0: 5f73 6572 7665 72e2 8099 2069 7320 7573 _server... is us\n-000203c0: 6564 2e20 2042 6566 6f72 6520 7573 696e ed. Before usin\n-000203d0: 6720 7468 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6472 g the network dr\n-000203e0: 6976 652c 2079 6f75 206d 7573 740a 696e ive, you must.in\n-000203f0: 6974 6961 6c69 7a65 2074 6865 206e 6574 itialize the net\n-00020400: 776f 726b 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 work. *Note Net\n-00020410: 776f 726b 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 work::, for more\n-00020420: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 information... \n-00020430: 2020 5768 656e 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 When using ...\n-00020440: 6874 7470 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 7466 http... or ...tf\n-00020450: 7470 e280 992c 2070 6f72 7473 206f 7468 tp..., ports oth\n-00020460: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 e280 9838 30e2 8099 er than ...80...\n-00020470: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 can be specifie\n-00020480: 640a 7573 696e 6720 6120 636f 6c6f 6e20 d.using a colon \n-00020490: 28e2 8098 3ae2 8099 2920 6166 7465 7220 (...:...) after \n-000204a0: 7468 6520 6164 6472 6573 732e 2020 546f the address. To\n-000204b0: 2061 766f 6964 2070 6172 7369 6e67 2063 avoid parsing c\n-000204c0: 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2c20 7768 656e 0a75 onflicts, when.u\n-000204d0: 7369 6e67 2049 5076 3620 6164 6472 6573 sing IPv6 addres\n-000204e0: 7365 7320 7769 7468 2063 7573 746f 6d20 ses with custom \n-000204f0: 706f 7274 732c 2074 6865 2061 6464 7265 ports, the addre\n-00020500: 7373 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 2065 6e63 sses must be enc\n-00020510: 6c6f 7365 640a 7769 7468 2073 7175 6172 losed.with squar\n-00020520: 6520 6272 6163 6b65 7473 2028 e280 985b e brackets (...[\n-00020530: 5de2 8099 292c 2061 7320 6973 2073 7461 ]...), as is sta\n-00020540: 6e64 6172 6420 7072 6163 7469 6365 2e0a ndard practice..\n-00020550: 0a20 2020 2020 2868 7474 702c 6772 7562 . (http,grub\n-00020560: 2e65 7861 6d70 6c65 2e63 6f6d 3a33 3133 .example.com:313\n-00020570: 3337 290a 2020 2020 2028 6874 7470 2c31 37). (http,1\n-00020580: 3932 2e30 2e32 2e31 3a33 3339 290a 2020 92.0.2.1:339). \n-00020590: 2020 2028 6874 7470 2c5b 3230 3031 3a64 (http,[2001:d\n-000205a0: 6238 3a3a 315d 3a31 3132 3335 290a 0a20 b8::1]:11235).. \n-000205b0: 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2062 6f6f 7420 4752 If you boot GR\n-000205c0: 5542 2066 726f 6d20 6120 4344 2d52 4f4d UB from a CD-ROM\n-000205d0: 2c20 e280 9828 6364 29e2 8099 2069 7320 , ...(cd)... is \n-000205e0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 2a4e 6f74 available. *Not\n-000205f0: 6520 4d61 6b69 6e67 2061 0a47 5255 4220 e Making a.GRUB \n-00020600: 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d3a bootable CD-ROM:\n-00020610: 3a2c 2066 6f72 2064 6574 6169 6c73 2e0a :, for details..\n-00020620: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00020630: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2046 696c 6520 fo, Node: File \n-00020640: 6e61 6d65 2073 796e 7461 782c 2020 4e65 name syntax, Ne\n-00020650: 7874 3a20 426c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 2073 xt: Block list s\n-00020660: 796e 7461 782c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4465 yntax, Prev: De\n-00020670: 7669 6365 2073 796e 7461 782c 2020 5570 vice syntax, Up\n-00020680: 3a20 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 0a0a 3133 : Filesystem..13\n-00020690: 2e32 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 .2 How to specif\n-000206a0: 7920 6669 6c65 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d y files.========\n+0001f7c0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a47 5255 4220 7573 6573 *****..GRUB uses\n+0001f7d0: 2061 2073 7065 6369 616c 2073 796e 7461 a special synta\n+0001f7e0: 7820 666f 7220 7370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 x for specifying\n+0001f7f0: 2064 6973 6b20 6472 6976 6573 2077 6869 disk drives whi\n+0001f800: 6368 2063 616e 2062 650a 6163 6365 7373 ch can be.access\n+0001f810: 6564 2062 7920 4249 4f53 2e20 4265 6361 ed by BIOS. Beca\n+0001f820: 7573 6520 6f66 2042 494f 5320 6c69 6d69 use of BIOS limi\n+0001f830: 7461 7469 6f6e 732c 2047 5255 4220 6361 tations, GRUB ca\n+0001f840: 6e6e 6f74 2064 6973 7469 6e67 7569 7368 nnot distinguish\n+0001f850: 0a62 6574 7765 656e 2049 4445 2c20 4553 .between IDE, ES\n+0001f860: 4449 2c20 5343 5349 2c20 6f72 206f 7468 DI, SCSI, or oth\n+0001f870: 6572 732e 2020 596f 7520 6d75 7374 206b ers. You must k\n+0001f880: 6e6f 7720 796f 7572 7365 6c66 2077 6869 now yourself whi\n+0001f890: 6368 2042 494f 530a 6465 7669 6365 2069 ch BIOS.device i\n+0001f8a0: 7320 6571 7569 7661 6c65 6e74 2074 6f20 s equivalent to \n+0001f8b0: 7768 6963 6820 4f53 2064 6576 6963 652e which OS device.\n+0001f8c0: 2020 4e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2c20 7468 6174 Normally, that\n+0001f8d0: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2063 6c65 6172 0a69 will be clear.i\n+0001f8e0: 6620 796f 7520 7365 6520 7468 6520 6669 f you see the fi\n+0001f8f0: 6c65 7320 696e 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 les in a device \n+0001f900: 6f72 2075 7365 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 or use the comma\n+0001f910: 6e64 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 e280 9920 nd ...search... \n+0001f920: 282a 6e6f 7465 0a73 6561 7263 683a 3a29 (*note.search::)\n+0001f930: 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4465 ...* Menu:..* De\n+0001f940: 7669 6365 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a20 2020 vice syntax:: \n+0001f950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 486f 7720 How \n+0001f960: 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2064 6576 6963 to specify devic\n+0001f970: 6573 0a2a 2046 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 es.* File name s\n+0001f980: 796e 7461 783a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 yntax:: \n+0001f990: 2020 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 How to specif\n+0001f9a0: 7920 6669 6c65 730a 2a20 426c 6f63 6b20 y files.* Block \n+0001f9b0: 6c69 7374 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a20 2020 list syntax:: \n+0001f9c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 486f 7720 746f 2073 How to s\n+0001f9d0: 7065 6369 6679 2062 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 pecify block lis\n+0001f9e0: 7473 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ts....File: grub\n+0001f9f0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 .info, Node: De\n+0001fa00: 7669 6365 2073 796e 7461 782c 2020 4e65 vice syntax, Ne\n+0001fa10: 7874 3a20 4669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7379 xt: File name sy\n+0001fa20: 6e74 6178 2c20 2055 703a 2046 696c 6573 ntax, Up: Files\n+0001fa30: 7973 7465 6d0a 0a31 332e 3120 486f 7720 ystem..13.1 How \n+0001fa40: 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2064 6576 6963 to specify devic\n+0001fa50: 6573 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d es.=============\n+0001fa60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n+0001fa70: 5468 6520 6465 7669 6365 2073 796e 7461 The device synta\n+0001fa80: 7820 6973 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a x is like this:.\n+0001fa90: 0a20 2020 2020 2844 4556 4943 455b 2c50 . (DEVICE[,P\n+0001faa0: 4152 544d 4150 2d4e 414d 4531 5041 5254 ARTMAP-NAME1PART\n+0001fab0: 2d4e 554d 315b 2c50 4152 544d 4150 2d4e -NUM1[,PARTMAP-N\n+0001fac0: 414d 4532 5041 5254 2d4e 554d 325b 2c2e AME2PART-NUM2[,.\n+0001fad0: 2e2e 5d5d 5d29 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 5b5d ..]]]).. ...[]\n+0001fae0: e280 9920 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 7061 ... means the pa\n+0001faf0: 7261 6d65 7465 7220 6973 206f 7074 696f rameter is optio\n+0001fb00: 6e61 6c2e 2020 4445 5649 4345 2064 6570 nal. DEVICE dep\n+0001fb10: 656e 6473 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6469 736b ends on the disk\n+0001fb20: 0a64 7269 7665 7220 696e 2075 7365 2e20 .driver in use. \n+0001fb30: 2042 494f 5320 616e 6420 4546 4920 6469 BIOS and EFI di\n+0001fb40: 736b 7320 7573 6520 6569 7468 6572 20e2 sks use either .\n+0001fb50: 8098 6664 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 6864 ..fd... or ...hd\n+0001fb60: e280 9920 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 7920 ... followed by \n+0001fb70: 610a 6469 6769 742c 206c 696b 6520 e280 a.digit, like ..\n+0001fb80: 9866 6430 e280 992c 206f 7220 e280 9863 .fd0..., or ...c\n+0001fb90: 64e2 8099 2e20 2041 4843 492c 2050 4154 d.... AHCI, PAT\n+0001fba0: 4120 2861 7461 292c 2063 7279 7074 6f2c A (ata), crypto,\n+0001fbb0: 2055 5342 2075 7365 2074 6865 206e 616d USB use the nam\n+0001fbc0: 650a 6f66 2064 7269 7665 7220 666f 6c6c e.of driver foll\n+0001fbd0: 6f77 6564 2062 7920 6120 6e75 6d62 6572 owed by a number\n+0001fbe0: 2e20 204d 656d 6469 736b 2061 6e64 2068 . Memdisk and h\n+0001fbf0: 6f73 7420 6172 6520 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 ost are limited \n+0001fc00: 746f 206f 6e65 0a64 6973 6b20 616e 6420 to one.disk and \n+0001fc10: 736f 2069 7427 7320 7265 6665 7265 6420 so it's refered \n+0001fc20: 6a75 7374 2062 7920 6472 6976 6572 206e just by driver n\n+0001fc30: 616d 652e 2020 5241 4944 2028 6d64 292c ame. RAID (md),\n+0001fc40: 206f 6664 6973 6b0a 2869 6565 6531 3237 ofdisk.(ieee127\n+0001fc50: 3520 616e 6420 6e61 6e64 292c 204c 564d 5 and nand), LVM\n+0001fc60: 2028 6c76 6d29 2c20 4c44 4d2c 2076 6972 (lvm), LDM, vir\n+0001fc70: 7469 6f20 2876 6473 6b29 2061 6e64 2061 tio (vdsk) and a\n+0001fc80: 7263 6469 736b 2028 6172 6329 2075 7365 rcdisk (arc) use\n+0001fc90: 0a69 6e74 7269 6e73 6963 206e 616d 6520 .intrinsic name \n+0001fca0: 6f66 2064 6973 6b20 7072 6566 6978 6564 of disk prefixed\n+0001fcb0: 2062 7920 6472 6976 6572 206e 616d 652e by driver name.\n+0001fcc0: 2020 4164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 206a Additionally j\n+0001fcd0: 7573 740a 226e 616e 6422 2072 6566 6572 ust.\"nand\" refer\n+0001fce0: 7320 746f 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b20 616c s to the disk al\n+0001fcf0: 6961 7365 6420 6173 2022 6e61 6e64 222e iased as \"nand\".\n+0001fd00: 2020 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 7320 6172 6520 Conflicts are \n+0001fd10: 736f 6c76 6564 2062 790a 7375 6666 6978 solved by.suffix\n+0001fd20: 696e 6720 6120 6e75 6d62 6572 2069 6620 ing a number if \n+0001fd30: 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7279 2e20 2043 6f6d necessarry. Com\n+0001fd40: 6d61 7320 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2065 mas need to be e\n+0001fd50: 7363 6170 6564 2e20 204c 6f6f 7062 6163 scaped. Loopbac\n+0001fd60: 6b0a 7573 6573 2077 6861 7465 7665 7220 k.uses whatever \n+0001fd70: 6e61 6d65 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2074 name specified t\n+0001fd80: 6f20 e280 986c 6f6f 7062 6163 6be2 8099 o ...loopback...\n+0001fd90: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e20 2048 6f73 7464 command. Hostd\n+0001fda0: 6973 6b20 7573 6573 206e 616d 6573 0a73 isk uses names.s\n+0001fdb0: 7065 6369 6669 6564 2069 6e20 6465 7669 pecified in devi\n+0001fdc0: 6365 2e6d 6170 2061 7320 6c6f 6e67 2061 ce.map as long a\n+0001fdd0: 7320 6974 2773 206f 6620 7468 6520 666f s it's of the fo\n+0001fde0: 726d 205b 6668 635d 645b 302d 395d 2a20 rm [fhc]d[0-9]* \n+0001fdf0: 6f72 0a68 6f73 7464 6973 6b2f 3c4f 5320 or.hostdisk/. For cr\n+0001fe10: 7970 746f 2061 6e64 2052 4149 4420 286d ypto and RAID (m\n+0001fe20: 6429 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 d) additionally \n+0001fe30: 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7573 650a 7468 6520 you can use.the \n+0001fe40: 7379 6e74 6178 203c 6472 6976 6572 206e syntax uuid/.\n+0001fe60: 2020 466f 7220 4c56 4d20 6164 6469 7469 For LVM additi\n+0001fe70: 6f6e 616c 6c79 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2075 onally you can u\n+0001fe80: 7365 0a74 6865 2073 796e 7461 7820 6c76 se.the syntax lv\n+0001fe90: 6d69 642f 3c76 6f6c 756d 652d 6772 6f75 mid//... (fd\n+0001fec0: 3029 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 290a 2020 0). (hd0). \n+0001fed0: 2020 2028 6364 290a 2020 2020 2028 6168 (cd). (ah\n+0001fee0: 6369 3029 0a20 2020 2020 2861 7461 3029 ci0). (ata0)\n+0001fef0: 0a20 2020 2020 2863 7279 7074 6f30 290a . (crypto0).\n+0001ff00: 2020 2020 2028 7573 6230 290a 2020 2020 (usb0). \n+0001ff10: 2028 6372 7970 746f 7575 6964 2f31 3233 (cryptouuid/123\n+0001ff20: 3435 3637 3839 6162 6364 6566 3031 3233 456789abcdef0123\n+0001ff30: 3435 3637 3839 6162 6364 6566 3029 0a20 456789abcdef0). \n+0001ff40: 2020 2020 286d 6475 7569 642f 3132 3334 (mduuid/1234\n+0001ff50: 3536 3738 3961 6263 6465 6630 3132 3334 56789abcdef01234\n+0001ff60: 3536 3738 3961 6263 6465 6630 290a 2020 56789abcdef0). \n+0001ff70: 2020 2028 6c76 6d2f 7379 7374 656d 2d72 (lvm/system-r\n+0001ff80: 6f6f 7429 0a20 2020 2020 286c 766d 6964 oot). (lvmid\n+0001ff90: 2f46 3169 6b67 442d 3252 4553 2d33 3036 /F1ikgD-2RES-306\n+0001ffa0: 472d 696c 394d 2d37 6977 612d 344e 4b57 G-il9M-7iwa-4NKW\n+0001ffb0: 2d45 6256 314e 562f 654c 4775 4351 2d4c -EbV1NV/eLGuCQ-L\n+0001ffc0: 344b 612d 5855 6752 2d73 6a74 4a2d 6666 4Ka-XUgR-sjtJ-ff\n+0001ffd0: 6368 2d62 616a 722d 6643 4e66 7a35 290a ch-bajr-fCNfz5).\n+0001ffe0: 2020 2020 2028 6d64 2f6d 7972 6169 6429 (md/myraid)\n+0001fff0: 0a20 2020 2020 286d 642f 3029 0a20 2020 . (md/0). \n+00020000: 2020 2869 6565 6531 3237 352f 6469 736b (ieee1275/disk\n+00020010: 3229 0a20 2020 2020 2869 6565 6531 3237 2). (ieee127\n+00020020: 352f 2f70 6369 4031 665c 2c30 2f69 6465 5//pci@1f\\,0/ide\n+00020030: 4064 2f64 6973 6b40 3229 0a20 2020 2020 @d/disk@2). \n+00020040: 286e 616e 6429 0a20 2020 2020 286d 656d (nand). (mem\n+00020050: 6469 736b 290a 2020 2020 2028 686f 7374 disk). (host\n+00020060: 290a 2020 2020 2028 6d79 6c6f 6f70 290a ). (myloop).\n+00020070: 2020 2020 2028 686f 7374 6469 736b 2f2f (hostdisk//\n+00020080: 6465 762f 7364 6129 0a0a 2020 2050 4152 dev/sda).. PAR\n+00020090: 542d 4e55 4d20 7265 7072 6573 656e 7473 T-NUM represents\n+000200a0: 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206e the partition n\n+000200b0: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2044 4556 4943 452c umber of DEVICE,\n+000200c0: 2073 7461 7274 696e 6720 6672 6f6d 0a6f starting from.o\n+000200d0: 6e65 2e20 2050 4152 544e 414d 4520 6973 ne. PARTNAME is\n+000200e0: 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c20 6275 7420 6973 optional but is\n+000200f0: 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 2073 696e recommended sin\n+00020100: 6365 2064 6973 6b20 6d61 7920 6861 7665 ce disk may have\n+00020110: 0a73 6576 6572 616c 2074 6f70 2d6c 6576 .several top-lev\n+00020120: 656c 2070 6172 746d 6170 732e 2020 5370 el partmaps. Sp\n+00020130: 6563 6966 7969 6e67 2074 6869 7264 2061 ecifying third a\n+00020140: 6e64 206c 6174 6572 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 nd later compone\n+00020150: 6e74 2079 6f75 0a63 616e 2061 6363 6573 nt you.can acces\n+00020160: 7320 746f 2073 7562 7061 7274 6974 696f s to subpartitio\n+00020170: 6e73 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 7379 6e74 ns... The synt\n+00020180: 6178 20e2 8098 2868 6430 29e2 8099 2072 ax ...(hd0)... r\n+00020190: 6570 7265 7365 6e74 7320 7573 696e 6720 epresents using \n+000201a0: 7468 6520 656e 7469 7265 2064 6973 6b20 the entire disk \n+000201b0: 286f 7220 7468 6520 4d42 5220 7768 656e (or the MBR when\n+000201c0: 0a69 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 .installing GRUB\n+000201d0: 292c 2077 6869 6c65 2074 6865 2073 796e ), while the syn\n+000201e0: 7461 7820 e280 9828 6864 302c 3129 e280 tax ...(hd0,1)..\n+000201f0: 9920 7265 7072 6573 656e 7473 2075 7369 . represents usi\n+00020200: 6e67 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 0a70 6172 ng the first.par\n+00020210: 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 6469 tition of the di\n+00020220: 736b 2028 6f72 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 sk (or the boot \n+00020230: 7365 6374 6f72 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 sector of the pa\n+00020240: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7768 656e 0a69 6e73 rtition when.ins\n+00020250: 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 292e 0a0a talling GRUB)...\n+00020260: 2020 2020 2028 6864 302c 6d73 646f 7331 (hd0,msdos1\n+00020270: 290a 2020 2020 2028 6864 302c 6d73 646f ). (hd0,msdo\n+00020280: 7331 2c6d 7364 6f73 3529 0a20 2020 2020 s1,msdos5). \n+00020290: 2868 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 312c 6273 6433 (hd0,msdos1,bsd3\n+000202a0: 290a 2020 2020 2028 6864 302c 6e65 7462 ). (hd0,netb\n+000202b0: 7364 3129 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 2c67 sd1). (hd0,g\n+000202c0: 7074 3129 0a20 2020 2020 2868 6430 2c31 pt1). (hd0,1\n+000202d0: 2c33 290a 0a20 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2065 ,3).. If you e\n+000202e0: 6e61 626c 6564 2074 6865 206e 6574 776f nabled the netwo\n+000202f0: 726b 2073 7570 706f 7274 2c20 7468 6520 rk support, the \n+00020300: 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6472 6976 6573 0ae2 special drives..\n+00020310: 8098 2850 524f 544f 434f 4c5b 2c53 4552 ..(PROTOCOL[,SER\n+00020320: 5645 525d 29e2 8099 2061 7265 2061 6c73 VER])... are als\n+00020330: 6f20 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 5375 o available. Su\n+00020340: 7070 6f72 7465 6420 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c pported protocol\n+00020350: 7320 6172 650a e280 9868 7474 70e2 8099 s are....http...\n+00020360: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 7466 7470 e280 992e and ...tftp....\n+00020370: 2020 4966 2053 4552 5645 5220 6973 206f If SERVER is o\n+00020380: 6d69 7474 6564 2c20 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 mitted, value of\n+00020390: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+000203a0: 6961 626c 650a e280 986e 6574 5f64 6566 iable....net_def\n+000203b0: 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 72e2 8099 2069 ault_server... i\n+000203c0: 7320 7573 6564 2e20 2042 6566 6f72 6520 s used. Before \n+000203d0: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 using the networ\n+000203e0: 6b20 6472 6976 652c 2079 6f75 206d 7573 k drive, you mus\n+000203f0: 740a 696e 6974 6961 6c69 7a65 2074 6865 t.initialize the\n+00020400: 206e 6574 776f 726b 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 network. *Note\n+00020410: 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 Network::, for \n+00020420: 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e more information\n+00020430: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5768 656e 2075 7369 6e67 ... When using\n+00020440: 20e2 8098 6874 7470 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 ...http... or .\n+00020450: 8098 7466 7470 e280 992c 2070 6f72 7473 ..tftp..., ports\n+00020460: 206f 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 e280 9838 other than ...8\n+00020470: 30e2 8099 2063 616e 2062 6520 7370 6563 0... can be spec\n+00020480: 6966 6965 640a 7573 696e 6720 6120 636f ified.using a co\n+00020490: 6c6f 6e20 28e2 8098 3ae2 8099 2920 6166 lon (...:...) af\n+000204a0: 7465 7220 7468 6520 6164 6472 6573 732e ter the address.\n+000204b0: 2020 546f 2061 766f 6964 2070 6172 7369 To avoid parsi\n+000204c0: 6e67 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2c20 7768 ng conflicts, wh\n+000204d0: 656e 0a75 7369 6e67 2049 5076 3620 6164 en.using IPv6 ad\n+000204e0: 6472 6573 7365 7320 7769 7468 2063 7573 dresses with cus\n+000204f0: 746f 6d20 706f 7274 732c 2074 6865 2061 tom ports, the a\n+00020500: 6464 7265 7373 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 ddresses must be\n+00020510: 2065 6e63 6c6f 7365 640a 7769 7468 2073 enclosed.with s\n+00020520: 7175 6172 6520 6272 6163 6b65 7473 2028 quare brackets (\n+00020530: e280 985b 5de2 8099 292c 2061 7320 6973 ...[]...), as is\n+00020540: 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 7072 6163 7469 standard practi\n+00020550: 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2868 7474 702c ce... (http,\n+00020560: 6772 7562 2e65 7861 6d70 6c65 2e63 6f6d grub.example.com\n+00020570: 3a33 3133 3337 290a 2020 2020 2028 6874 :31337). (ht\n+00020580: 7470 2c31 3932 2e30 2e32 2e31 3a33 3339 tp,192.0.2.1:339\n+00020590: 290a 2020 2020 2028 6874 7470 2c5b 3230 ). (http,[20\n+000205a0: 3031 3a64 6238 3a3a 315d 3a31 3132 3335 01:db8::1]:11235\n+000205b0: 290a 0a20 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2062 6f6f ).. If you boo\n+000205c0: 7420 4752 5542 2066 726f 6d20 6120 4344 t GRUB from a CD\n+000205d0: 2d52 4f4d 2c20 e280 9828 6364 29e2 8099 -ROM, ...(cd)...\n+000205e0: 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 is available. \n+000205f0: 2a4e 6f74 6520 4d61 6b69 6e67 2061 0a47 *Note Making a.G\n+00020600: 5255 4220 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2043 442d RUB bootable CD-\n+00020610: 524f 4d3a 3a2c 2066 6f72 2064 6574 6169 ROM::, for detai\n+00020620: 6c73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ls.....File: gru\n+00020630: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2046 b.info, Node: F\n+00020640: 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 796e 7461 782c ile name syntax,\n+00020650: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 426c 6f63 6b20 6c69 Next: Block li\n+00020660: 7374 2073 796e 7461 782c 2020 5072 6576 st syntax, Prev\n+00020670: 3a20 4465 7669 6365 2073 796e 7461 782c : Device syntax,\n+00020680: 2020 5570 3a20 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d Up: Filesystem\n+00020690: 0a0a 3133 2e32 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 ..13.2 How to sp\n+000206a0: 6563 6966 7920 6669 6c65 730a 3d3d 3d3d ecify files.====\n 000206b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000206c0: 3d0a 0a54 6865 7265 2061 7265 2074 776f =..There are two\n-000206d0: 2077 6179 7320 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 ways to specify\n-000206e0: 2066 696c 6573 2c20 6279 20e2 809c 6162 files, by ...ab\n-000206f0: 736f 6c75 7465 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 solute file name\n-00020700: e280 9d20 616e 6420 6279 0ae2 809c 626c ... and by....bl\n-00020710: 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 e280 9d2e 0a0a 2020 ock list...... \n-00020720: 2041 6e20 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2066 696c An absolute fil\n-00020730: 6520 6e61 6d65 2072 6573 656d 626c 6573 e name resembles\n-00020740: 2061 2055 6e69 7820 6162 736f 6c75 7465 a Unix absolute\n-00020750: 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2c20 7573 696e file name, usin\n-00020760: 6720 e280 982f e280 990a 666f 7220 7468 g .../....for th\n-00020770: 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7365 7061 e directory sepa\n-00020780: 7261 746f 7220 286e 6f74 20e2 8098 5ce2 rator (not ...\\.\n-00020790: 8099 2061 7320 696e 2044 4f53 292e 204f .. as in DOS). O\n-000207a0: 6e65 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2069 730a e280 ne example is...\n-000207b0: 9828 6864 302c 3129 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 .(hd0,1)/boot/gr\n-000207c0: 7562 2f67 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2e20 ub/grub.cfg.... \n-000207d0: 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 This means the \n-000207e0: 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 file .../boot/gr\n-000207f0: 7562 2f67 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 0a69 ub/grub.cfg....i\n-00020800: 6e20 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7061 7274 n the first part\n-00020810: 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2066 6972 ition of the fir\n-00020820: 7374 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b 2e20 2049 st hard disk. I\n-00020830: 6620 796f 7520 6f6d 6974 2074 6865 2064 f you omit the d\n-00020840: 6576 6963 650a 6e61 6d65 2069 6e20 616e evice.name in an\n-00020850: 2061 6273 6f6c 7574 6520 6669 6c65 206e absolute file n\n-00020860: 616d 652c 2047 5255 4220 7573 6573 2047 ame, GRUB uses G\n-00020870: 5255 4227 7320 e280 9c72 6f6f 7420 6465 RUB's ...root de\n-00020880: 7669 6365 e280 9d0a 696d 706c 6963 6974 vice....implicit\n-00020890: 6c79 2e20 2053 6f20 6966 2079 6f75 2073 ly. So if you s\n-000208a0: 6574 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6465 7669 et the root devi\n-000208b0: 6365 2074 6f2c 2073 6179 2c20 e280 9828 ce to, say, ...(\n-000208c0: 6864 312c 3129 e280 9920 6279 2074 6865 hd1,1)... by the\n-000208d0: 0a63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 7365 7420 .command ...set \n-000208e0: 726f 6f74 3d28 6864 312c 3129 e280 9920 root=(hd1,1)... \n-000208f0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2073 6574 3a3a 292c 2074 (*note set::), t\n-00020900: 6865 6e20 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f6b 6572 hen .../boot/ker\n-00020910: 6e65 6ce2 8099 2069 7320 7468 650a 7361 nel... is the.sa\n-00020920: 6d65 2061 7320 e280 9828 6864 312c 3129 me as ...(hd1,1)\n-00020930: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6b65 726e 656c e280 992e /boot/kernel....\n-00020940: 0a0a 2020 204f 6e20 5a46 5320 6669 6c65 .. On ZFS file\n-00020950: 7379 7374 656d 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 system the first\n-00020960: 2070 6174 6820 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7420 path component \n-00020970: 6d75 7374 2062 650a 564f 4c55 4d45 e280 must be.VOLUME..\n-00020980: 9840 e280 995b 534e 4150 5348 4f54 5d2e .@...[SNAPSHOT].\n-00020990: 2020 536f 20e2 8098 2f72 6f6f 7476 6f6c So .../rootvol\n-000209a0: 4073 6e61 702d 3132 392f 626f 6f74 2f67 @snap-129/boot/g\n-000209b0: 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 rub/grub.cfg... \n-000209c0: 7265 6665 7273 0a74 6f20 6669 6c65 20e2 refers.to file .\n-000209d0: 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 ../boot/grub/gru\n-000209e0: 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2069 6e20 736e 6170 b.cfg... in snap\n-000209f0: 7368 6f74 206f 6620 766f 6c75 6d65 20e2 shot of volume .\n-00020a00: 8098 726f 6f74 766f 6ce2 8099 2077 6974 ..rootvol... wit\n-00020a10: 6820 6e61 6d65 0ae2 8098 736e 6170 2d31 h name....snap-1\n-00020a20: 3239 e280 992e 2020 5472 6169 6c69 6e67 29.... Trailing\n-00020a30: 20e2 8098 40e2 8099 2061 6674 6572 2076 ...@... after v\n-00020a40: 6f6c 756d 6520 6e61 6d65 2069 7320 6d61 olume name is ma\n-00020a50: 6e64 6174 6f72 7920 6576 656e 2069 660a ndatory even if.\n-00020a60: 736e 6170 7368 6f74 206e 616d 6520 6973 snapshot name is\n-00020a70: 206f 6d69 7474 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c omitted.....Fil\n-00020a80: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00020a90: 6f64 653a 2042 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7420 ode: Block list \n-00020aa0: 7379 6e74 6178 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2046 syntax, Prev: F\n-00020ab0: 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 796e 7461 782c ile name syntax,\n-00020ac0: 2020 5570 3a20 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d Up: Filesystem\n-00020ad0: 0a0a 3133 2e33 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 7370 ..13.3 How to sp\n-00020ae0: 6563 6966 7920 626c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 ecify block list\n-00020af0: 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d s.==============\n+000206c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 7265 2061 7265 =====..There are\n+000206d0: 2074 776f 2077 6179 7320 746f 2073 7065 two ways to spe\n+000206e0: 6369 6679 2066 696c 6573 2c20 6279 20e2 cify files, by .\n+000206f0: 809c 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2066 696c 6520 ..absolute file \n+00020700: 6e61 6d65 e280 9d20 616e 6420 6279 0ae2 name... and by..\n+00020710: 809c 626c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 e280 9d2e ..block list....\n+00020720: 0a0a 2020 2041 6e20 6162 736f 6c75 7465 .. An absolute\n+00020730: 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2072 6573 656d file name resem\n+00020740: 626c 6573 2061 2055 6e69 7820 6162 736f bles a Unix abso\n+00020750: 6c75 7465 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2c20 lute file name, \n+00020760: 7573 696e 6720 e280 982f e280 990a 666f using .../....fo\n+00020770: 7220 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 r the directory \n+00020780: 7365 7061 7261 746f 7220 286e 6f74 20e2 separator (not .\n+00020790: 8098 5ce2 8099 2061 7320 696e 2044 4f53 ..\\... as in DOS\n+000207a0: 292e 204f 6e65 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2069 ). One example i\n+000207b0: 730a e280 9828 6864 302c 3129 2f62 6f6f s....(hd0,1)/boo\n+000207c0: 742f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 622e 6366 67e2 t/grub/grub.cfg.\n+000207d0: 8099 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e 7320 ... This means \n+000207e0: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f the file .../boo\n+000207f0: 742f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 622e 6366 67e2 t/grub/grub.cfg.\n+00020800: 8099 0a69 6e20 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 ...in the first \n+00020810: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 partition of the\n+00020820: 2066 6972 7374 2068 6172 6420 6469 736b first hard disk\n+00020830: 2e20 2049 6620 796f 7520 6f6d 6974 2074 . If you omit t\n+00020840: 6865 2064 6576 6963 650a 6e61 6d65 2069 he device.name i\n+00020850: 6e20 616e 2061 6273 6f6c 7574 6520 6669 n an absolute fi\n+00020860: 6c65 206e 616d 652c 2047 5255 4220 7573 le name, GRUB us\n+00020870: 6573 2047 5255 4227 7320 e280 9c72 6f6f es GRUB's ...roo\n+00020880: 7420 6465 7669 6365 e280 9d0a 696d 706c t device....impl\n+00020890: 6963 6974 6c79 2e20 2053 6f20 6966 2079 icitly. So if y\n+000208a0: 6f75 2073 6574 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 ou set the root \n+000208b0: 6465 7669 6365 2074 6f2c 2073 6179 2c20 device to, say, \n+000208c0: e280 9828 6864 312c 3129 e280 9920 6279 ...(hd1,1)... by\n+000208d0: 2074 6865 0a63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 the.command ...\n+000208e0: 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 6864 312c 3129 set root=(hd1,1)\n+000208f0: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2073 6574 3a3a ... (*note set::\n+00020900: 292c 2074 6865 6e20 e280 982f 626f 6f74 ), then .../boot\n+00020910: 2f6b 6572 6e65 6ce2 8099 2069 7320 7468 /kernel... is th\n+00020920: 650a 7361 6d65 2061 7320 e280 9828 6864 e.same as ...(hd\n+00020930: 312c 3129 2f62 6f6f 742f 6b65 726e 656c 1,1)/boot/kernel\n+00020940: e280 992e 0a0a 2020 204f 6e20 5a46 5320 ...... On ZFS \n+00020950: 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2074 6865 2066 filesystem the f\n+00020960: 6972 7374 2070 6174 6820 636f 6d70 6f6e irst path compon\n+00020970: 656e 7420 6d75 7374 2062 650a 564f 4c55 ent must be.VOLU\n+00020980: 4d45 e280 9840 e280 995b 534e 4150 5348 ME...@...[SNAPSH\n+00020990: 4f54 5d2e 2020 536f 20e2 8098 2f72 6f6f OT]. So .../roo\n+000209a0: 7476 6f6c 4073 6e61 702d 3132 392f 626f tvol@snap-129/bo\n+000209b0: 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 ot/grub/grub.cfg\n+000209c0: e280 9920 7265 6665 7273 0a74 6f20 6669 ... refers.to fi\n+000209d0: 6c65 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 le .../boot/grub\n+000209e0: 2f67 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2069 6e20 /grub.cfg... in \n+000209f0: 736e 6170 7368 6f74 206f 6620 766f 6c75 snapshot of volu\n+00020a00: 6d65 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 766f 6ce2 8099 me ...rootvol...\n+00020a10: 2077 6974 6820 6e61 6d65 0ae2 8098 736e with name....sn\n+00020a20: 6170 2d31 3239 e280 992e 2020 5472 6169 ap-129.... Trai\n+00020a30: 6c69 6e67 20e2 8098 40e2 8099 2061 6674 ling ...@... aft\n+00020a40: 6572 2076 6f6c 756d 6520 6e61 6d65 2069 er volume name i\n+00020a50: 7320 6d61 6e64 6174 6f72 7920 6576 656e s mandatory even\n+00020a60: 2069 660a 736e 6170 7368 6f74 206e 616d if.snapshot nam\n+00020a70: 6520 6973 206f 6d69 7474 6564 2e0a 0a1f e is omitted....\n+00020a80: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00020a90: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2042 6c6f 636b 206c , Node: Block l\n+00020aa0: 6973 7420 7379 6e74 6178 2c20 2050 7265 ist syntax, Pre\n+00020ab0: 763a 2046 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 796e v: File name syn\n+00020ac0: 7461 782c 2020 5570 3a20 4669 6c65 7379 tax, Up: Filesy\n+00020ad0: 7374 656d 0a0a 3133 2e33 2048 6f77 2074 stem..13.3 How t\n+00020ae0: 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 626c 6f63 6b20 o specify block \n+00020af0: 6c69 7374 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d lists.==========\n 00020b00: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00020b10: 3d0a 0a41 2062 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7420 =..A block list \n-00020b20: 6973 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 7370 6563 is used for spec\n-00020b30: 6966 7969 6e67 2061 2066 696c 6520 7468 ifying a file th\n-00020b40: 6174 2064 6f65 736e 2774 2061 7070 6561 at doesn't appea\n-00020b50: 7220 696e 2074 6865 0a66 696c 6573 7973 r in the.filesys\n-00020b60: 7465 6d2c 206c 696b 6520 6120 6368 6169 tem, like a chai\n-00020b70: 6e6c 6f61 6465 722e 2020 5468 6520 7379 nloader. The sy\n-00020b80: 6e74 6178 2069 730a e280 985b 4f46 4653 ntax is....[OFFS\n-00020b90: 4554 5d2b 5b4c 454e 4754 485d 5b2c 5b4f ET]+[LENGTH][,[O\n-00020ba0: 4646 5345 545d 2b5b 4c45 4e47 5448 5d5d FFSET]+[LENGTH]]\n-00020bb0: 2e2e 2ee2 8099 2e20 2048 6572 6520 6973 ....... Here is\n-00020bc0: 2061 6e20 6578 616d 706c 653a 0a0a 2020 an example:.. \n-00020bd0: 2020 2030 2b31 3030 2c32 3030 2b31 2c33 0+100,200+1,3\n-00020be0: 3030 2b33 3030 2c38 3030 2b0a 0a20 2020 00+300,800+.. \n-00020bf0: 5468 6973 2072 6570 7265 7365 6e74 7320 This represents \n-00020c00: 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 7368 6f75 6c64 that GRUB should\n-00020c10: 2072 6561 6420 626c 6f63 6b73 2030 2074 read blocks 0 t\n-00020c20: 6872 6f75 6768 2039 392c 2062 6c6f 636b hrough 99, block\n-00020c30: 2032 3030 2c0a 626c 6f63 6b73 2033 3030 200,.blocks 300\n-00020c40: 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2035 3939 2c20 616e through 599, an\n-00020c50: 6420 626c 6f63 6b73 2038 3030 2075 6e74 d blocks 800 unt\n-00020c60: 696c 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 7468 il the end of th\n-00020c70: 6520 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2049 660a 796f e device. If.yo\n-00020c80: 7520 6f6d 6974 2061 6e20 6f66 6673 6574 u omit an offset\n-00020c90: 2c20 7468 656e 2047 5255 4220 6173 7375 , then GRUB assu\n-00020ca0: 6d65 7320 7468 6520 6f66 6673 6574 2069 mes the offset i\n-00020cb0: 7320 7a65 726f 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 s zero. If the \n-00020cc0: 6c65 6e67 7468 0a69 7320 6f6d 6974 7465 length.is omitte\n-00020cd0: 642c 2074 6865 6e20 4752 5542 2061 7373 d, then GRUB ass\n-00020ce0: 756d 6573 2074 6865 2062 6c6f 636b 206c umes the block l\n-00020cf0: 6973 7420 6578 7465 6e64 7320 756e 7469 ist extends unti\n-00020d00: 6c20 7468 6520 656e 6420 6f66 0a74 6865 l the end of.the\n-00020d10: 2064 6576 6963 652e 0a0a 2020 204c 696b device... Lik\n-00020d20: 6520 7468 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 e the file name \n-00020d30: 7379 6e74 6178 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4669 syntax (*note Fi\n-00020d40: 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a le name syntax::\n-00020d50: 292c 2069 6620 6120 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 ), if a blocklis\n-00020d60: 740a 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e 7461 t.does not conta\n-00020d70: 696e 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 in a device name\n-00020d80: 2c20 7468 656e 2047 5255 4220 7573 6573 , then GRUB uses\n-00020d90: 2047 5255 4227 7320 e280 9c72 6f6f 7420 GRUB's ...root \n-00020da0: 6465 7669 6365 e280 9d2e 2020 536f 0ae2 device.... So..\n-00020db0: 8098 2868 6430 2c32 292b 31e2 8099 2069 ..(hd0,2)+1... i\n-00020dc0: 7320 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 e280 s the same as ..\n-00020dd0: 982b 31e2 8099 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6520 .+1... when the \n-00020de0: 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 6520 6973 20e2 root device is .\n-00020df0: 8098 2868 6430 2c32 29e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f ..(hd0,2).......\n-00020e00: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00020e10: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 6572 6661 , Node: Interfa\n-00020e20: 6365 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2045 6e76 6972 ce, Next: Envir\n-00020e30: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2046 onment, Prev: F\n-00020e40: 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 ilesystem, Up: \n-00020e50: 546f 700a 0a31 3420 4752 5542 2773 2075 Top..14 GRUB's u\n-00020e60: 7365 7220 696e 7465 7266 6163 650a 2a2a ser interface.**\n-00020e70: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00020e80: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 2068 6173 ******..GRUB has\n-00020e90: 2062 6f74 6820 6120 7369 6d70 6c65 206d both a simple m\n-00020ea0: 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 666f enu interface fo\n-00020eb0: 7220 6368 6f6f 7369 6e67 2070 7265 7365 r choosing prese\n-00020ec0: 7420 656e 7472 6965 7320 6672 6f6d 2061 t entries from a\n-00020ed0: 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 .configuration f\n-00020ee0: 696c 652c 2061 6e64 2061 2068 6967 686c ile, and a highl\n-00020ef0: 7920 666c 6578 6962 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 y flexible comma\n-00020f00: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 666f 7220 7065 7266 nd-line for perf\n-00020f10: 6f72 6d69 6e67 0a61 6e79 2064 6573 6972 orming.any desir\n-00020f20: 6564 2063 6f6d 6269 6e61 7469 6f6e 206f ed combination o\n-00020f30: 6620 626f 6f74 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732e f boot commands.\n-00020f40: 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 4220 6c6f 6f6b 7320 .. GRUB looks \n-00020f50: 666f 7220 6974 7320 636f 6e66 6967 7572 for its configur\n-00020f60: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2061 7320 736f ation file as so\n-00020f70: 6f6e 2061 7320 6974 2069 7320 6c6f 6164 on as it is load\n-00020f80: 6564 2e20 2049 660a 6f6e 6520 6973 2066 ed. If.one is f\n-00020f90: 6f75 6e64 2c20 7468 656e 2074 6865 2066 ound, then the f\n-00020fa0: 756c 6c20 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 ull menu interfa\n-00020fb0: 6365 2069 7320 6163 7469 7661 7465 6420 ce is activated \n-00020fc0: 7573 696e 6720 7768 6174 6576 6572 0a65 using whatever.e\n-00020fd0: 6e74 7269 6573 2077 6572 6520 666f 756e ntries were foun\n-00020fe0: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 696c 652e 2020 d in the file. \n-00020ff0: 4966 2079 6f75 2063 686f 6f73 6520 7468 If you choose th\n-00021000: 6520 e280 9c63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e e ...command-lin\n-00021010: 65e2 809d 206d 656e 750a 6f70 7469 6f6e e... menu.option\n-00021020: 2c20 6f72 2069 6620 7468 6520 636f 6e66 , or if the conf\n-00021030: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2077 iguration file w\n-00021040: 6173 206e 6f74 2066 6f75 6e64 2c20 7468 as not found, th\n-00021050: 656e 2047 5255 4220 6472 6f70 7320 746f en GRUB drops to\n-00021060: 0a74 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e .the command-lin\n-00021070: 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 652e 0a0a 2a20 e interface...* \n-00021080: 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 Menu:..* Command\n-00021090: 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 653a -line interface:\n-000210a0: 3a20 2020 2020 2054 6865 2066 6c65 7869 : The flexi\n-000210b0: 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 ble command-line\n-000210c0: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a2a 204d 656e interface.* Men\n-000210d0: 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 653a 3a20 2020 u interface:: \n-000210e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2073 The s\n-000210f0: 696d 706c 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 imple menu inter\n-00021100: 6661 6365 0a2a 204d 656e 7520 656e 7472 face.* Menu entr\n-00021110: 7920 6564 6974 6f72 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 y editor:: \n-00021120: 2020 2020 2045 6469 7469 6e67 2061 206d Editing a m\n-00021130: 656e 7520 656e 7472 790a 0a1f 0a46 696c enu entry....Fil\n-00021140: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00021150: 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e ode: Command-lin\n-00021160: 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c 2020 4e65 e interface, Ne\n-00021170: 7874 3a20 4d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 xt: Menu interfa\n-00021180: 6365 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e74 6572 6661 ce, Up: Interfa\n-00021190: 6365 0a0a 3134 2e31 2054 6865 2066 6c65 ce..14.1 The fle\n-000211a0: 7869 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 xible command-li\n-000211b0: 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a3d 3d3d ne interface.===\n-000211c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00020b10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a41 2062 6c6f 636b 206c =====..A block l\n+00020b20: 6973 7420 6973 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 ist is used for \n+00020b30: 7370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 2061 2066 696c specifying a fil\n+00020b40: 6520 7468 6174 2064 6f65 736e 2774 2061 e that doesn't a\n+00020b50: 7070 6561 7220 696e 2074 6865 0a66 696c ppear in the.fil\n+00020b60: 6573 7973 7465 6d2c 206c 696b 6520 6120 esystem, like a \n+00020b70: 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 722e 2020 5468 chainloader. Th\n+00020b80: 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2069 730a e280 985b e syntax is....[\n+00020b90: 4f46 4653 4554 5d2b 5b4c 454e 4754 485d OFFSET]+[LENGTH]\n+00020ba0: 5b2c 5b4f 4646 5345 545d 2b5b 4c45 4e47 [,[OFFSET]+[LENG\n+00020bb0: 5448 5d5d 2e2e 2ee2 8099 2e20 2048 6572 TH]]....... Her\n+00020bc0: 6520 6973 2061 6e20 6578 616d 706c 653a e is an example:\n+00020bd0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2030 2b31 3030 2c32 3030 .. 0+100,200\n+00020be0: 2b31 2c33 3030 2b33 3030 2c38 3030 2b0a +1,300+300,800+.\n+00020bf0: 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2072 6570 7265 7365 . This represe\n+00020c00: 6e74 7320 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 7368 nts that GRUB sh\n+00020c10: 6f75 6c64 2072 6561 6420 626c 6f63 6b73 ould read blocks\n+00020c20: 2030 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2039 392c 2062 0 through 99, b\n+00020c30: 6c6f 636b 2032 3030 2c0a 626c 6f63 6b73 lock 200,.blocks\n+00020c40: 2033 3030 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2035 3939 300 through 599\n+00020c50: 2c20 616e 6420 626c 6f63 6b73 2038 3030 , and blocks 800\n+00020c60: 2075 6e74 696c 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f until the end o\n+00020c70: 6620 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2049 f the device. I\n+00020c80: 660a 796f 7520 6f6d 6974 2061 6e20 6f66 f.you omit an of\n+00020c90: 6673 6574 2c20 7468 656e 2047 5255 4220 fset, then GRUB \n+00020ca0: 6173 7375 6d65 7320 7468 6520 6f66 6673 assumes the offs\n+00020cb0: 6574 2069 7320 7a65 726f 2e20 2049 6620 et is zero. If \n+00020cc0: 7468 6520 6c65 6e67 7468 0a69 7320 6f6d the length.is om\n+00020cd0: 6974 7465 642c 2074 6865 6e20 4752 5542 itted, then GRUB\n+00020ce0: 2061 7373 756d 6573 2074 6865 2062 6c6f assumes the blo\n+00020cf0: 636b 206c 6973 7420 6578 7465 6e64 7320 ck list extends \n+00020d00: 756e 7469 6c20 7468 6520 656e 6420 6f66 until the end of\n+00020d10: 0a74 6865 2064 6576 6963 652e 0a0a 2020 .the device... \n+00020d20: 204c 696b 6520 7468 6520 6669 6c65 206e Like the file n\n+00020d30: 616d 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2028 2a6e 6f74 ame syntax (*not\n+00020d40: 6520 4669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7379 6e74 e File name synt\n+00020d50: 6178 3a3a 292c 2069 6620 6120 626c 6f63 ax::), if a bloc\n+00020d60: 6b6c 6973 740a 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2063 klist.does not c\n+00020d70: 6f6e 7461 696e 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 ontain a device \n+00020d80: 6e61 6d65 2c20 7468 656e 2047 5255 4220 name, then GRUB \n+00020d90: 7573 6573 2047 5255 4227 7320 e280 9c72 uses GRUB's ...r\n+00020da0: 6f6f 7420 6465 7669 6365 e280 9d2e 2020 oot device.... \n+00020db0: 536f 0ae2 8098 2868 6430 2c32 292b 31e2 So....(hd0,2)+1.\n+00020dc0: 8099 2069 7320 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 .. is the same a\n+00020dd0: 7320 e280 982b 31e2 8099 2077 6865 6e20 s ...+1... when \n+00020de0: 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6576 6963 6520 the root device \n+00020df0: 6973 20e2 8098 2868 6430 2c32 29e2 8099 is ...(hd0,2)...\n+00020e00: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00020e10: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 info, Node: Int\n+00020e20: 6572 6661 6365 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2045 erface, Next: E\n+00020e30: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2c20 2050 7265 nvironment, Pre\n+00020e40: 763a 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2c 2020 v: Filesystem, \n+00020e50: 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 3420 4752 5542 Up: Top..14 GRUB\n+00020e60: 2773 2075 7365 7220 696e 7465 7266 6163 's user interfac\n+00020e70: 650a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a e.**************\n+00020e80: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 **********..GRUB\n+00020e90: 2068 6173 2062 6f74 6820 6120 7369 6d70 has both a simp\n+00020ea0: 6c65 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 le menu interfac\n+00020eb0: 6520 666f 7220 6368 6f6f 7369 6e67 2070 e for choosing p\n+00020ec0: 7265 7365 7420 656e 7472 6965 7320 6672 reset entries fr\n+00020ed0: 6f6d 2061 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 om a.configurati\n+00020ee0: 6f6e 2066 696c 652c 2061 6e64 2061 2068 on file, and a h\n+00020ef0: 6967 686c 7920 666c 6578 6962 6c65 2063 ighly flexible c\n+00020f00: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 666f 7220 ommand-line for \n+00020f10: 7065 7266 6f72 6d69 6e67 0a61 6e79 2064 performing.any d\n+00020f20: 6573 6972 6564 2063 6f6d 6269 6e61 7469 esired combinati\n+00020f30: 6f6e 206f 6620 626f 6f74 2063 6f6d 6d61 on of boot comma\n+00020f40: 6e64 732e 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 4220 6c6f nds... GRUB lo\n+00020f50: 6f6b 7320 666f 7220 6974 7320 636f 6e66 oks for its conf\n+00020f60: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2061 iguration file a\n+00020f70: 7320 736f 6f6e 2061 7320 6974 2069 7320 s soon as it is \n+00020f80: 6c6f 6164 6564 2e20 2049 660a 6f6e 6520 loaded. If.one \n+00020f90: 6973 2066 6f75 6e64 2c20 7468 656e 2074 is found, then t\n+00020fa0: 6865 2066 756c 6c20 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 he full menu int\n+00020fb0: 6572 6661 6365 2069 7320 6163 7469 7661 erface is activa\n+00020fc0: 7465 6420 7573 696e 6720 7768 6174 6576 ted using whatev\n+00020fd0: 6572 0a65 6e74 7269 6573 2077 6572 6520 er.entries were \n+00020fe0: 666f 756e 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 696c found in the fil\n+00020ff0: 652e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2063 686f 6f73 e. If you choos\n+00021000: 6520 7468 6520 e280 9c63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 e the ...command\n+00021010: 2d6c 696e 65e2 809d 206d 656e 750a 6f70 -line... menu.op\n+00021020: 7469 6f6e 2c20 6f72 2069 6620 7468 6520 tion, or if the \n+00021030: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n+00021040: 6c65 2077 6173 206e 6f74 2066 6f75 6e64 le was not found\n+00021050: 2c20 7468 656e 2047 5255 4220 6472 6f70 , then GRUB drop\n+00021060: 7320 746f 0a74 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 s to.the command\n+00021070: 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 652e -line interface.\n+00021080: 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2043 6f6d ..* Menu:..* Com\n+00021090: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 mand-line interf\n+000210a0: 6163 653a 3a20 2020 2020 2054 6865 2066 ace:: The f\n+000210b0: 6c65 7869 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d lexible command-\n+000210c0: 6c69 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a2a line interface.*\n+000210d0: 204d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 653a Menu interface:\n+000210e0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 : T\n+000210f0: 6865 2073 696d 706c 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 he simple menu i\n+00021100: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a2a 204d 656e 7520 nterface.* Menu \n+00021110: 656e 7472 7920 6564 6974 6f72 3a3a 2020 entry editor:: \n+00021120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 6469 7469 6e67 Editing\n+00021130: 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 790a 0a1f a menu entry...\n+00021140: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00021150: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 , Node: Command\n+00021160: 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c -line interface,\n+00021170: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4d65 6e75 2069 6e74 Next: Menu int\n+00021180: 6572 6661 6365 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e74 erface, Up: Int\n+00021190: 6572 6661 6365 0a0a 3134 2e31 2054 6865 erface..14.1 The\n+000211a0: 2066 6c65 7869 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e flexible comman\n+000211b0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 d-line interface\n+000211c0: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n 000211d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000211e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 =====..The comma\n-000211f0: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 nd-line interfac\n-00021200: 6520 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2061 2070 726f e provides a pro\n-00021210: 6d70 7420 616e 6420 6166 7465 7220 6974 mpt and after it\n-00021220: 2061 6e20 6564 6974 6162 6c65 0a74 6578 an editable.tex\n-00021230: 7420 6172 6561 206d 7563 6820 6c69 6b65 t area much like\n-00021240: 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 a command-line \n-00021250: 696e 2055 6e69 7820 6f72 2044 4f53 2e20 in Unix or DOS. \n-00021260: 4561 6368 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 730a Each command is.\n-00021270: 696d 6d65 6469 6174 656c 7920 6578 6563 immediately exec\n-00021280: 7574 6564 2061 6674 6572 2069 7420 6973 uted after it is\n-00021290: 2065 6e74 6572 6564 2831 2920 282a 6e6f entered(1) (*no\n-000212a0: 7465 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 650a te Command-line.\n-000212b0: 696e 7465 7266 6163 652d 466f 6f74 6e6f interface-Footno\n-000212c0: 7465 2d31 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 6520 636f te-1::). The co\n-000212d0: 6d6d 616e 6473 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 436f mmands (*note Co\n-000212e0: 6d6d 616e 6473 3a3a 2920 6172 6520 6120 mmands::) are a \n-000212f0: 7375 6273 6574 0a6f 6620 7468 6f73 6520 subset.of those \n-00021300: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 696e 2074 6865 available in the\n-00021310: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n-00021320: 696c 652c 2075 7365 6420 7769 7468 2065 ile, used with e\n-00021330: 7861 6374 6c79 2074 6865 2073 616d 650a xactly the same.\n-00021340: 7379 6e74 6178 2e0a 0a20 2020 4375 7273 syntax... Curs\n-00021350: 6f72 206d 6f76 656d 656e 7420 616e 6420 or movement and \n-00021360: 6564 6974 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 2074 editing of the t\n-00021370: 6578 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 206c 696e 6520 ext on the line \n-00021380: 6361 6e20 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 7669 6120 can be done via \n-00021390: 610a 7375 6273 6574 206f 6620 7468 6520 a.subset of the \n-000213a0: 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 6176 6169 6c61 functions availa\n-000213b0: 626c 6520 696e 2074 6865 2042 6173 6820 ble in the Bash \n-000213c0: 7368 656c 6c3a 0a0a 3c43 2d66 3e0a 3c50 shell:.... \n-000213e0: 2020 4d6f 7665 2066 6f72 7761 7264 206f Move forward o\n-000213f0: 6e65 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 2e0a 0a3c ne character...<\n-00021400: 432d 623e 0a3c 5043 206c 6566 7420 6b65 C-b>.. Move bac\n-00021420: 6b20 6f6e 6520 6368 6172 6163 7465 722e k one character.\n-00021430: 0a0a 3c43 2d61 3e0a 3c48 4f4d 453e 0a20 .... \n-00021440: 2020 2020 4d6f 7665 2074 6f20 7468 6520 Move to the \n-00021450: 7374 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206c 696e start of the lin\n-00021460: 652e 0a0a 3c43 2d65 3e0a 3c45 4e44 3e0a e.....\n-00021470: 2020 2020 204d 6f76 6520 7468 6520 7468 Move the th\n-00021480: 6520 656e 6420 6f66 2074 6865 206c 696e e end of the lin\n-00021490: 652e 0a0a 3c43 2d64 3e0a 3c44 454c 3e0a e.....\n-000214a0: 2020 2020 2044 656c 6574 6520 7468 6520 Delete the \n-000214b0: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 756e 6465 726e character undern\n-000214c0: 6561 7468 2074 6865 2063 7572 736f 722e eath the cursor.\n-000214d0: 0a0a 3c43 2d68 3e0a 3c42 533e 0a20 2020 .... \n-000214e0: 2020 4465 6c65 7465 2074 6865 2063 6861 Delete the cha\n-000214f0: 7261 6374 6572 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6c65 racter to the le\n-00021500: 6674 206f 6620 7468 6520 6375 7273 6f72 ft of the cursor\n-00021510: 2e0a 0a3c 432d 6b3e 0a20 2020 2020 4b69 .... Ki\n-00021520: 6c6c 2074 6865 2074 6578 7420 6672 6f6d ll the text from\n-00021530: 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2063 7572 the current cur\n-00021540: 736f 7220 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 sor position to \n-00021550: 7468 6520 656e 6420 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 the end of the. \n-00021560: 2020 2020 6c69 6e65 2e0a 0a3c 432d 753e line...\n-00021570: 0a20 2020 2020 4b69 6c6c 2062 6163 6b77 . Kill backw\n-00021580: 6172 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2063 7572 ard from the cur\n-00021590: 736f 7220 746f 2074 6865 2062 6567 696e sor to the begin\n-000215a0: 6e69 6e67 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 ning of the line\n-000215b0: 2e0a 0a3c 432d 793e 0a20 2020 2020 5961 .... Ya\n-000215c0: 6e6b 2074 6865 206b 696c 6c65 6420 7465 nk the killed te\n-000215d0: 7874 2062 6163 6b20 696e 746f 2074 6865 xt back into the\n-000215e0: 2062 7566 6665 7220 6174 2074 6865 2063 buffer at the c\n-000215f0: 7572 736f 722e 0a0a 3c43 2d70 3e0a 3c50 ursor..... M\n-00021610: 6f76 6520 7570 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2074 ove up through t\n-00021620: 6865 2068 6973 746f 7279 206c 6973 742e he history list.\n-00021630: 0a0a 3c43 2d6e 3e0a 3c50 4320 646f 776e .... Move \n-00021650: 646f 776e 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2074 6865 down through the\n-00021660: 2068 6973 746f 7279 206c 6973 742e 0a0a history list...\n-00021670: 2020 2057 6865 6e20 7479 7069 6e67 2063 When typing c\n-00021680: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 696e 7465 7261 6374 ommands interact\n-00021690: 6976 656c 792c 2069 6620 7468 6520 6375 ively, if the cu\n-000216a0: 7273 6f72 2069 7320 7769 7468 696e 206f rsor is within o\n-000216b0: 7220 6265 666f 7265 0a74 6865 2066 6972 r before.the fir\n-000216c0: 7374 2077 6f72 6420 696e 2074 6865 2063 st word in the c\n-000216d0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 652c 2070 7265 ommand-line, pre\n-000216e0: 7373 696e 6720 7468 6520 3c54 4142 3e20 ssing the \n-000216f0: 6b65 7920 286f 7220 3c43 2d69 3e29 0a77 key (or ).w\n-00021700: 696c 6c20 6469 7370 6c61 7920 6120 6c69 ill display a li\n-00021710: 7374 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 2061 7661 sting of the ava\n-00021720: 696c 6162 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c ilable commands,\n-00021730: 2061 6e64 2069 6620 7468 6520 6375 7273 and if the curs\n-00021740: 6f72 2069 730a 6166 7465 7220 7468 6520 or is.after the \n-00021750: 6669 7273 7420 776f 7264 2c20 7468 6520 first word, the \n-00021760: e280 983c 5441 423e e280 9920 7769 6c6c ...... will\n-00021770: 2070 726f 7669 6465 2061 2063 6f6d 706c provide a compl\n-00021780: 6574 696f 6e20 6c69 7374 696e 6720 6f66 etion listing of\n-00021790: 0a64 6973 6b73 2c20 7061 7274 6974 696f .disks, partitio\n-000217a0: 6e73 2c20 616e 6420 6669 6c65 206e 616d ns, and file nam\n-000217b0: 6573 2064 6570 656e 6469 6e67 206f 6e20 es depending on \n-000217c0: 7468 6520 636f 6e74 6578 742e 2020 4e6f the context. No\n-000217d0: 7465 2074 6861 740a 746f 206f 6274 6169 te that.to obtai\n-000217e0: 6e20 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6472 6976 n a list of driv\n-000217f0: 6573 2c20 6f6e 6520 6d75 7374 206f 7065 es, one must ope\n-00021800: 6e20 6120 7061 7265 6e74 6865 7369 732c n a parenthesis,\n-00021810: 2061 7320 e280 9872 6f6f 7420 28e2 8099 as ...root (...\n-00021820: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 ... Note that \n-00021830: 796f 7520 6361 6e6e 6f74 2075 7365 2074 you cannot use t\n-00021840: 6865 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 696f 6e20 6675 he completion fu\n-00021850: 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 6974 7920 696e 2074 nctionality in t\n-00021860: 6865 2054 4654 500a 6669 6c65 7379 7374 he TFTP.filesyst\n-00021870: 656d 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2062 6563 em. This is bec\n-00021880: 6175 7365 2054 4654 5020 646f 6573 6e27 ause TFTP doesn'\n-00021890: 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6669 6c65 206e t support file n\n-000218a0: 616d 6520 6c69 7374 696e 6720 666f 720a ame listing for.\n-000218b0: 7468 6520 7365 6375 7269 7479 2e0a 0a1f the security....\n-000218c0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-000218d0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 , Node: Command\n-000218e0: 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 652d -line interface-\n-000218f0: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 732c 2020 5570 3a20 Footnotes, Up: \n-00021900: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2069 6e74 Command-line int\n-00021910: 6572 6661 6365 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2048 erface.. (1) H\n-00021920: 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6973 2062 6568 owever, this beh\n-00021930: 6176 696f 7220 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6368 avior will be ch\n-00021940: 616e 6765 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 7574 anged in the fut\n-00021950: 7572 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e2c 2069 6e0a ure version, in.\n-00021960: 6120 7573 6572 2d69 6e76 6973 6962 6c65 a user-invisible\n-00021970: 2077 6179 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 way.....File: g\n-00021980: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00021990: 204d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c Menu interface,\n-000219a0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4d65 6e75 2065 6e74 Next: Menu ent\n-000219b0: 7279 2065 6469 746f 722c 2020 5072 6576 ry editor, Prev\n-000219c0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2069 : Command-line i\n-000219d0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 2055 703a 2049 nterface, Up: I\n-000219e0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a0a 3134 2e32 2054 nterface..14.2 T\n-000219f0: 6865 2073 696d 706c 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 he simple menu i\n-00021a00: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d nterface.=======\n+000211e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2063 =========..The c\n+000211f0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 ommand-line inte\n+00021200: 7266 6163 6520 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2061 rface provides a\n+00021210: 2070 726f 6d70 7420 616e 6420 6166 7465 prompt and afte\n+00021220: 7220 6974 2061 6e20 6564 6974 6162 6c65 r it an editable\n+00021230: 0a74 6578 7420 6172 6561 206d 7563 6820 .text area much \n+00021240: 6c69 6b65 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c like a command-l\n+00021250: 696e 6520 696e 2055 6e69 7820 6f72 2044 ine in Unix or D\n+00021260: 4f53 2e20 4561 6368 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 OS. Each command\n+00021270: 2069 730a 696d 6d65 6469 6174 656c 7920 is.immediately \n+00021280: 6578 6563 7574 6564 2061 6674 6572 2069 executed after i\n+00021290: 7420 6973 2065 6e74 6572 6564 2831 2920 t is entered(1) \n+000212a0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c (*note Command-l\n+000212b0: 696e 650a 696e 7465 7266 6163 652d 466f ine.interface-Fo\n+000212c0: 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 otnote-1::). Th\n+000212d0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2028 2a6e 6f74 e commands (*not\n+000212e0: 6520 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 3a3a 2920 6172 e Commands::) ar\n+000212f0: 6520 6120 7375 6273 6574 0a6f 6620 7468 e a subset.of th\n+00021300: 6f73 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 696e ose available in\n+00021310: 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 the configurati\n+00021320: 6f6e 2066 696c 652c 2075 7365 6420 7769 on file, used wi\n+00021330: 7468 2065 7861 6374 6c79 2074 6865 2073 th exactly the s\n+00021340: 616d 650a 7379 6e74 6178 2e0a 0a20 2020 ame.syntax... \n+00021350: 4375 7273 6f72 206d 6f76 656d 656e 7420 Cursor movement \n+00021360: 616e 6420 6564 6974 696e 6720 6f66 2074 and editing of t\n+00021370: 6865 2074 6578 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 206c he text on the l\n+00021380: 696e 6520 6361 6e20 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 ine can be done \n+00021390: 7669 6120 610a 7375 6273 6574 206f 6620 via a.subset of \n+000213a0: 7468 6520 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 6176 the functions av\n+000213b0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 696e 2074 6865 2042 ailable in the B\n+000213c0: 6173 6820 7368 656c 6c3a 0a0a 3c43 2d66 ash shell:...\n+000213e0: 0a20 2020 2020 4d6f 7665 2066 6f72 7761 . Move forwa\n+000213f0: 7264 206f 6e65 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 rd one character\n+00021400: 2e0a 0a3c 432d 623e 0a3c 5043 206c 6566 ..... Move\n+00021420: 2062 6163 6b20 6f6e 6520 6368 6172 6163 back one charac\n+00021430: 7465 722e 0a0a 3c43 2d61 3e0a 3c48 4f4d ter..... Move to \n+00021450: 7468 6520 7374 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 the start of the\n+00021460: 206c 696e 652e 0a0a 3c43 2d65 3e0a 3c45 line..... Move th\n+00021480: 6520 7468 6520 656e 6420 6f66 2074 6865 e the end of the\n+00021490: 206c 696e 652e 0a0a 3c43 2d64 3e0a 3c44 line..... Delete \n+000214b0: 7468 6520 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 756e the character un\n+000214c0: 6465 726e 6561 7468 2074 6865 2063 7572 derneath the cur\n+000214d0: 736f 722e 0a0a 3c43 2d68 3e0a 3c42 533e sor....\n+000214e0: 0a20 2020 2020 4465 6c65 7465 2074 6865 . Delete the\n+000214f0: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 2074 6f20 7468 character to th\n+00021500: 6520 6c65 6674 206f 6620 7468 6520 6375 e left of the cu\n+00021510: 7273 6f72 2e0a 0a3c 432d 6b3e 0a20 2020 rsor.... \n+00021520: 2020 4b69 6c6c 2074 6865 2074 6578 7420 Kill the text \n+00021530: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 from the current\n+00021540: 2063 7572 736f 7220 706f 7369 7469 6f6e cursor position\n+00021550: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 656e 6420 6f66 2074 to the end of t\n+00021560: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 6e65 2e0a 0a3c he. line...<\n+00021570: 432d 753e 0a20 2020 2020 4b69 6c6c 2062 C-u>. Kill b\n+00021580: 6163 6b77 6172 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 ackward from the\n+00021590: 2063 7572 736f 7220 746f 2074 6865 2062 cursor to the b\n+000215a0: 6567 696e 6e69 6e67 206f 6620 7468 6520 eginning of the \n+000215b0: 6c69 6e65 2e0a 0a3c 432d 793e 0a20 2020 line.... \n+000215c0: 2020 5961 6e6b 2074 6865 206b 696c 6c65 Yank the kille\n+000215d0: 6420 7465 7874 2062 6163 6b20 696e 746f d text back into\n+000215e0: 2074 6865 2062 7566 6665 7220 6174 2074 the buffer at t\n+000215f0: 6865 2063 7572 736f 722e 0a0a 3c43 2d70 he cursor..... \n+00021610: 2020 204d 6f76 6520 7570 2074 6872 6f75 Move up throu\n+00021620: 6768 2074 6865 2068 6973 746f 7279 206c gh the history l\n+00021630: 6973 742e 0a0a 3c43 2d6e 3e0a 3c50 4320 ist..... M\n+00021650: 6f76 6520 646f 776e 2074 6872 6f75 6768 ove down through\n+00021660: 2074 6865 2068 6973 746f 7279 206c 6973 the history lis\n+00021670: 742e 0a0a 2020 2057 6865 6e20 7479 7069 t... When typi\n+00021680: 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 696e 7465 ng commands inte\n+00021690: 7261 6374 6976 656c 792c 2069 6620 7468 ractively, if th\n+000216a0: 6520 6375 7273 6f72 2069 7320 7769 7468 e cursor is with\n+000216b0: 696e 206f 7220 6265 666f 7265 0a74 6865 in or before.the\n+000216c0: 2066 6972 7374 2077 6f72 6420 696e 2074 first word in t\n+000216d0: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 652c he command-line,\n+000216e0: 2070 7265 7373 696e 6720 7468 6520 3c54 pressing the key (or ).will display \n+00021710: 6120 6c69 7374 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 a listing of the\n+00021720: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2063 6f6d 6d61 available comma\n+00021730: 6e64 732c 2061 6e64 2069 6620 7468 6520 nds, and if the \n+00021740: 6375 7273 6f72 2069 730a 6166 7465 7220 cursor is.after \n+00021750: 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 776f 7264 2c20 the first word, \n+00021760: 7468 6520 e280 983c 5441 423e e280 9920 the ...... \n+00021770: 7769 6c6c 2070 726f 7669 6465 2061 2063 will provide a c\n+00021780: 6f6d 706c 6574 696f 6e20 6c69 7374 696e ompletion listin\n+00021790: 6720 6f66 0a64 6973 6b73 2c20 7061 7274 g of.disks, part\n+000217a0: 6974 696f 6e73 2c20 616e 6420 6669 6c65 itions, and file\n+000217b0: 206e 616d 6573 2064 6570 656e 6469 6e67 names depending\n+000217c0: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6e74 6578 742e on the context.\n+000217d0: 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 740a 746f 206f Note that.to o\n+000217e0: 6274 6169 6e20 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 btain a list of \n+000217f0: 6472 6976 6573 2c20 6f6e 6520 6d75 7374 drives, one must\n+00021800: 206f 7065 6e20 6120 7061 7265 6e74 6865 open a parenthe\n+00021810: 7369 732c 2061 7320 e280 9872 6f6f 7420 sis, as ...root \n+00021820: 28e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 (...... Note t\n+00021830: 6861 7420 796f 7520 6361 6e6e 6f74 2075 hat you cannot u\n+00021840: 7365 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 696f se the completio\n+00021850: 6e20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 6974 7920 n functionality \n+00021860: 696e 2074 6865 2054 4654 500a 6669 6c65 in the TFTP.file\n+00021870: 7379 7374 656d 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 system. This is\n+00021880: 2062 6563 6175 7365 2054 4654 5020 646f because TFTP do\n+00021890: 6573 6e27 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6669 esn't support fi\n+000218a0: 6c65 206e 616d 6520 6c69 7374 696e 6720 le name listing \n+000218b0: 666f 720a 7468 6520 7365 6375 7269 7479 for.the security\n+000218c0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+000218d0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d info, Node: Com\n+000218e0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 mand-line interf\n+000218f0: 6163 652d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 732c 2020 ace-Footnotes, \n+00021900: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n+00021910: 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a0a 2020 2028 interface.. (\n+00021920: 3129 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6973 1) However, this\n+00021930: 2062 6568 6176 696f 7220 7769 6c6c 2062 behavior will b\n+00021940: 6520 6368 616e 6765 6420 696e 2074 6865 e changed in the\n+00021950: 2066 7574 7572 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e2c future version,\n+00021960: 2069 6e0a 6120 7573 6572 2d69 6e76 6973 in.a user-invis\n+00021970: 6962 6c65 2077 6179 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ible way.....Fil\n+00021980: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00021990: 6f64 653a 204d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 ode: Menu interf\n+000219a0: 6163 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4d65 6e75 ace, Next: Menu\n+000219b0: 2065 6e74 7279 2065 6469 746f 722c 2020 entry editor, \n+000219c0: 5072 6576 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Prev: Command-li\n+000219d0: 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 2055 ne interface, U\n+000219e0: 703a 2049 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a0a 3134 p: Interface..14\n+000219f0: 2e32 2054 6865 2073 696d 706c 6520 6d65 .2 The simple me\n+00021a00: 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a3d 3d3d nu interface.===\n 00021a10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00021a20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 206d 656e =======..The men\n-00021a30: 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 6973 2071 u interface is q\n-00021a40: 7569 7465 2065 6173 7920 746f 2075 7365 uite easy to use\n-00021a50: 2e20 2049 7473 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 . Its commands \n-00021a60: 6172 6520 626f 7468 0a72 6561 736f 6e61 are both.reasona\n-00021a70: 626c 7920 696e 7475 6974 6976 6520 616e bly intuitive an\n-00021a80: 6420 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 6f6e 2073 d described on s\n-00021a90: 6372 6565 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2042 6173 6963 creen... Basic\n-00021aa0: 616c 6c79 2c20 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 ally, the menu i\n-00021ab0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2070 726f 7669 6465 nterface provide\n-00021ac0: 7320 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 e280 9c62 s a list of ...b\n-00021ad0: 6f6f 7420 656e 7472 6965 73e2 809d 2074 oot entries... t\n-00021ae0: 6f0a 7468 6520 7573 6572 2074 6f20 6368 o.the user to ch\n-00021af0: 6f6f 7365 2066 726f 6d2e 2020 5573 6520 oose from. Use \n-00021b00: 7468 6520 6172 726f 7720 6b65 7973 2074 the arrow keys t\n-00021b10: 6f20 7365 6c65 6374 2074 6865 2065 6e74 o select the ent\n-00021b20: 7279 206f 660a 6368 6f69 6365 2c20 7468 ry of.choice, th\n-00021b30: 656e 2070 7265 7373 203c 5245 543e 2074 en press t\n-00021b40: 6f20 7275 6e20 6974 2e20 2041 6e20 6f70 o run it. An op\n-00021b50: 7469 6f6e 616c 2074 696d 656f 7574 2069 tional timeout i\n-00021b60: 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 746f 0a62 s available to.b\n-00021b70: 6f6f 7420 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 oot the default \n-00021b80: 656e 7472 7920 2874 6865 2066 6972 7374 entry (the first\n-00021b90: 206f 6e65 2069 6620 6e6f 7420 7365 7429 one if not set)\n-00021ba0: 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6973 2061 626f 7274 , which is abort\n-00021bb0: 6564 2062 790a 7072 6573 7369 6e67 2061 ed by.pressing a\n-00021bc0: 6e79 206b 6579 2e0a 0a20 2020 436f 6d6d ny key... Comm\n-00021bd0: 616e 6473 2061 7265 2061 7661 696c 6162 ands are availab\n-00021be0: 6c65 2074 6f20 656e 7465 7220 6120 6261 le to enter a ba\n-00021bf0: 7265 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 re command-line \n-00021c00: 6279 2070 7265 7373 696e 6720 3c63 3e0a by pressing .\n-00021c10: 2877 6869 6368 206f 7065 7261 7465 7320 (which operates \n-00021c20: 6578 6163 746c 7920 6c69 6b65 2074 6865 exactly like the\n-00021c30: 206e 6f6e 2d63 6f6e 6669 672d 6669 6c65 non-config-file\n-00021c40: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 4752 5542 version of GRUB\n-00021c50: 2c20 6275 740a 616c 6c6f 7773 206f 6e65 , but.allows one\n-00021c60: 2074 6f20 7265 7475 726e 2074 6f20 7468 to return to th\n-00021c70: 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 6620 6465 7369 7265 e menu if desire\n-00021c80: 6420 6279 2070 7265 7373 696e 6720 3c45 d by pressing ) or to.edit \n-00021ca0: 616e 7920 6f66 2074 6865 20e2 809c 626f any of the ...bo\n-00021cb0: 6f74 2065 6e74 7269 6573 e280 9d20 6279 ot entries... by\n-00021cc0: 2070 7265 7373 696e 6720 3c65 3e2e 0a0a pressing ...\n-00021cd0: 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 7072 6f74 6563 If you protec\n-00021ce0: 7420 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 t the menu inter\n-00021cf0: 6661 6365 2077 6974 6820 6120 7061 7373 face with a pass\n-00021d00: 776f 7264 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 word (*note Secu\n-00021d10: 7269 7479 3a3a 292c 0a61 6c6c 2079 6f75 rity::),.all you\n-00021d20: 2063 616e 2064 6f20 6973 2063 686f 6f73 can do is choos\n-00021d30: 6520 616e 2065 6e74 7279 2062 7920 7072 e an entry by pr\n-00021d40: 6573 7369 6e67 203c 5245 543e 2c20 6f72 essing , or\n-00021d50: 2070 7265 7373 203c 703e 2074 6f0a 656e press

to.en\n-00021d60: 7465 7220 7468 6520 7061 7373 776f 7264 ter the password\n-00021d70: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5072 6573 7369 6e67 203c ... Pressing <\n-00021d80: 4374 726c 2d6c 3e20 7769 6c6c 2072 6566 Ctrl-l> will ref\n-00021d90: 7265 7368 2074 6865 206d 656e 752c 2077 resh the menu, w\n-00021da0: 6869 6368 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6566 hich can be usef\n-00021db0: 756c 2077 6865 6e0a 636f 6e6e 6563 7469 ul when.connecti\n-00021dc0: 6e67 2076 6961 2073 6572 6961 6c20 6166 ng via serial af\n-00021dd0: 7465 7220 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2068 6173 ter the menu has\n-00021de0: 2062 6565 6e20 6472 6177 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a been drawn.....\n-00021df0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00021e00: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d65 6e75 2065 6e74 Node: Menu ent\n-00021e10: 7279 2065 6469 746f 722c 2020 5072 6576 ry editor, Prev\n-00021e20: 3a20 4d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 : Menu interface\n-00021e30: 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e74 6572 6661 6365 , Up: Interface\n-00021e40: 0a0a 3134 2e33 2045 6469 7469 6e67 2061 ..14.3 Editing a\n-00021e50: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 790a 3d3d 3d3d menu entry.====\n+00021a20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 ===========..The\n+00021a30: 206d 656e 7520 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 menu interface \n+00021a40: 6973 2071 7569 7465 2065 6173 7920 746f is quite easy to\n+00021a50: 2075 7365 2e20 2049 7473 2063 6f6d 6d61 use. Its comma\n+00021a60: 6e64 7320 6172 6520 626f 7468 0a72 6561 nds are both.rea\n+00021a70: 736f 6e61 626c 7920 696e 7475 6974 6976 sonably intuitiv\n+00021a80: 6520 616e 6420 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 e and described \n+00021a90: 6f6e 2073 6372 6565 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2042 on screen... B\n+00021aa0: 6173 6963 616c 6c79 2c20 7468 6520 6d65 asically, the me\n+00021ab0: 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2070 726f nu interface pro\n+00021ac0: 7669 6465 7320 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 vides a list of \n+00021ad0: e280 9c62 6f6f 7420 656e 7472 6965 73e2 ...boot entries.\n+00021ae0: 809d 2074 6f0a 7468 6520 7573 6572 2074 .. to.the user t\n+00021af0: 6f20 6368 6f6f 7365 2066 726f 6d2e 2020 o choose from. \n+00021b00: 5573 6520 7468 6520 6172 726f 7720 6b65 Use the arrow ke\n+00021b10: 7973 2074 6f20 7365 6c65 6374 2074 6865 ys to select the\n+00021b20: 2065 6e74 7279 206f 660a 6368 6f69 6365 entry of.choice\n+00021b30: 2c20 7468 656e 2070 7265 7373 203c 5245 , then press to run it. A\n+00021b50: 6e20 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 2074 696d 656f n optional timeo\n+00021b60: 7574 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 ut is available \n+00021b70: 746f 0a62 6f6f 7420 7468 6520 6465 6661 to.boot the defa\n+00021b80: 756c 7420 656e 7472 7920 2874 6865 2066 ult entry (the f\n+00021b90: 6972 7374 206f 6e65 2069 6620 6e6f 7420 irst one if not \n+00021ba0: 7365 7429 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6973 2061 set), which is a\n+00021bb0: 626f 7274 6564 2062 790a 7072 6573 7369 borted by.pressi\n+00021bc0: 6e67 2061 6e79 206b 6579 2e0a 0a20 2020 ng any key... \n+00021bd0: 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 2061 7661 Commands are ava\n+00021be0: 696c 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 656e 7465 7220 ilable to enter \n+00021bf0: 6120 6261 7265 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c a bare command-l\n+00021c00: 696e 6520 6279 2070 7265 7373 696e 6720 ine by pressing \n+00021c10: 3c63 3e0a 2877 6869 6368 206f 7065 7261 .(which opera\n+00021c20: 7465 7320 6578 6163 746c 7920 6c69 6b65 tes exactly like\n+00021c30: 2074 6865 206e 6f6e 2d63 6f6e 6669 672d the non-config-\n+00021c40: 6669 6c65 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 file version of \n+00021c50: 4752 5542 2c20 6275 740a 616c 6c6f 7773 GRUB, but.allows\n+00021c60: 206f 6e65 2074 6f20 7265 7475 726e 2074 one to return t\n+00021c70: 6f20 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 6620 6465 o the menu if de\n+00021c80: 7369 7265 6420 6279 2070 7265 7373 696e sired by pressin\n+00021c90: 6720 3c45 5343 3e29 206f 7220 746f 0a65 g ) or to.e\n+00021ca0: 6469 7420 616e 7920 6f66 2074 6865 20e2 dit any of the .\n+00021cb0: 809c 626f 6f74 2065 6e74 7269 6573 e280 ..boot entries..\n+00021cc0: 9d20 6279 2070 7265 7373 696e 6720 3c65 . by pressing ... If you pr\n+00021ce0: 6f74 6563 7420 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 otect the menu i\n+00021cf0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2077 6974 6820 6120 nterface with a \n+00021d00: 7061 7373 776f 7264 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 password (*note \n+00021d10: 5365 6375 7269 7479 3a3a 292c 0a61 6c6c Security::),.all\n+00021d20: 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2064 6f20 6973 2063 you can do is c\n+00021d30: 686f 6f73 6520 616e 2065 6e74 7279 2062 hoose an entry b\n+00021d40: 7920 7072 6573 7369 6e67 203c 5245 543e y pressing \n+00021d50: 2c20 6f72 2070 7265 7373 203c 703e 2074 , or press

t\n+00021d60: 6f0a 656e 7465 7220 7468 6520 7061 7373 o.enter the pass\n+00021d70: 776f 7264 2e0a 0a20 2020 5072 6573 7369 word... Pressi\n+00021d80: 6e67 203c 4374 726c 2d6c 3e20 7769 6c6c ng will\n+00021d90: 2072 6566 7265 7368 2074 6865 206d 656e refresh the men\n+00021da0: 752c 2077 6869 6368 2063 616e 2062 6520 u, which can be \n+00021db0: 7573 6566 756c 2077 6865 6e0a 636f 6e6e useful when.conn\n+00021dc0: 6563 7469 6e67 2076 6961 2073 6572 6961 ecting via seria\n+00021dd0: 6c20 6166 7465 7220 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 l after the menu\n+00021de0: 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6472 6177 6e2e has been drawn.\n+00021df0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00021e00: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d65 6e75 nfo, Node: Menu\n+00021e10: 2065 6e74 7279 2065 6469 746f 722c 2020 entry editor, \n+00021e20: 5072 6576 3a20 4d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 Prev: Menu inter\n+00021e30: 6661 6365 2c20 2055 703a 2049 6e74 6572 face, Up: Inter\n+00021e40: 6661 6365 0a0a 3134 2e33 2045 6469 7469 face..14.3 Editi\n+00021e50: 6e67 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 790a ng a menu entry.\n 00021e60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00021e70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 206d 656e 7520 =====..The menu \n-00021e80: 656e 7472 7920 6564 6974 6f72 206c 6f6f entry editor loo\n-00021e90: 6b73 206d 7563 6820 6c69 6b65 2074 6865 ks much like the\n-00021ea0: 206d 6169 6e20 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 main menu inter\n-00021eb0: 6661 6365 2c20 6275 7420 7468 650a 6c69 face, but the.li\n-00021ec0: 6e65 7320 696e 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 nes in the menu \n-00021ed0: 6172 6520 696e 6469 7669 6475 616c 2063 are individual c\n-00021ee0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 696e 2074 6865 2073 ommands in the s\n-00021ef0: 656c 6563 7465 6420 656e 7472 7920 696e elected entry in\n-00021f00: 7374 6561 640a 6f66 2065 6e74 7279 206e stead.of entry n\n-00021f10: 616d 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2061 6e20 ames... If an \n-00021f20: 3c45 5343 3e20 6973 2070 7265 7373 6564 is pressed\n-00021f30: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6564 6974 6f72 2c20 in the editor, \n-00021f40: 6974 2061 626f 7274 7320 616c 6c20 7468 it aborts all th\n-00021f50: 6520 6368 616e 6765 7320 6d61 6465 0a74 e changes made.t\n-00021f60: 6f20 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 o the configurat\n-00021f70: 696f 6e20 656e 7472 7920 616e 6420 7265 ion entry and re\n-00021f80: 7475 726e 7320 746f 2074 6865 206d 6169 turns to the mai\n-00021f90: 6e20 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 n menu interface\n-00021fa0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4561 6368 206c 696e 6520 ... Each line \n-00021fb0: 696e 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 in the menu entr\n-00021fc0: 7920 6361 6e20 6265 2065 6469 7465 6420 y can be edited \n-00021fd0: 6672 6565 6c79 2c20 616e 6420 796f 7520 freely, and you \n-00021fe0: 6361 6e20 6164 6420 6e65 770a 6c69 6e65 can add new.line\n-00021ff0: 7320 6279 2070 7265 7373 696e 6720 3c52 s by pressing at the end o\n-00022010: 6620 6120 6c69 6e65 2e20 2054 6f20 626f f a line. To bo\n-00022020: 6f74 2074 6865 2065 6469 7465 6420 656e ot the edited en\n-00022030: 7472 792c 0a70 7265 7373 203c 4374 726c try,.press ... Althoug\n-00022050: 6820 4752 5542 2075 6e66 6f72 7475 6e61 h GRUB unfortuna\n-00022060: 7465 6c79 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 7375 tely does not su\n-00022070: 7070 6f72 7420 e280 9c75 6e64 6fe2 809d pport ...undo...\n-00022080: 2c20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 646f 0a61 6c6d , you can do.alm\n-00022090: 6f73 7420 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2074 6869 ost the same thi\n-000220a0: 6e67 2062 7920 6a75 7374 2072 6574 7572 ng by just retur\n-000220b0: 6e69 6e67 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6d61 696e ning to the main\n-000220c0: 206d 656e 7520 7573 696e 6720 3c45 5343 menu using .....File: grub\n-000220e0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 456e .info, Node: En\n-000220f0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 742c 2020 4e65 7874 vironment, Next\n-00022100: 3a20 4d6f 6475 6c65 732c 2020 5072 6576 : Modules, Prev\n-00022110: 3a20 496e 7465 7266 6163 652c 2020 5570 : Interface, Up\n-00022120: 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 3520 4752 5542 2065 : Top..15 GRUB e\n-00022130: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-00022140: 626c 6573 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a bles.***********\n+00021e70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 206d =========..The m\n+00021e80: 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 6564 6974 6f72 enu entry editor\n+00021e90: 206c 6f6f 6b73 206d 7563 6820 6c69 6b65 looks much like\n+00021ea0: 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e20 6d65 6e75 2069 the main menu i\n+00021eb0: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 6275 7420 7468 nterface, but th\n+00021ec0: 650a 6c69 6e65 7320 696e 2074 6865 206d e.lines in the m\n+00021ed0: 656e 7520 6172 6520 696e 6469 7669 6475 enu are individu\n+00021ee0: 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 696e 2074 al commands in t\n+00021ef0: 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 656e 7472 he selected entr\n+00021f00: 7920 696e 7374 6561 640a 6f66 2065 6e74 y instead.of ent\n+00021f10: 7279 206e 616d 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 ry names... If\n+00021f20: 2061 6e20 3c45 5343 3e20 6973 2070 7265 an is pre\n+00021f30: 7373 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6564 6974 ssed in the edit\n+00021f40: 6f72 2c20 6974 2061 626f 7274 7320 616c or, it aborts al\n+00021f50: 6c20 7468 6520 6368 616e 6765 7320 6d61 l the changes ma\n+00021f60: 6465 0a74 6f20 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 de.to the config\n+00021f70: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 656e 7472 7920 616e uration entry an\n+00021f80: 6420 7265 7475 726e 7320 746f 2074 6865 d returns to the\n+00021f90: 206d 6169 6e20 6d65 6e75 2069 6e74 6572 main menu inter\n+00021fa0: 6661 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 4561 6368 206c face... Each l\n+00021fb0: 696e 6520 696e 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 ine in the menu \n+00021fc0: 656e 7472 7920 6361 6e20 6265 2065 6469 entry can be edi\n+00021fd0: 7465 6420 6672 6565 6c79 2c20 616e 6420 ted freely, and \n+00021fe0: 796f 7520 6361 6e20 6164 6420 6e65 770a you can add new.\n+00021ff0: 6c69 6e65 7320 6279 2070 7265 7373 696e lines by pressin\n+00022000: 6720 3c52 4554 3e20 6174 2074 6865 2065 g at the e\n+00022010: 6e64 206f 6620 6120 6c69 6e65 2e20 2054 nd of a line. T\n+00022020: 6f20 626f 6f74 2074 6865 2065 6469 7465 o boot the edite\n+00022030: 6420 656e 7472 792c 0a70 7265 7373 203c d entry,.press <\n+00022040: 4374 726c 2d78 3e2e 0a0a 2020 2041 6c74 Ctrl-x>... Alt\n+00022050: 686f 7567 6820 4752 5542 2075 6e66 6f72 hough GRUB unfor\n+00022060: 7475 6e61 7465 6c79 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f tunately does no\n+00022070: 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 e280 9c75 6e64 t support ...und\n+00022080: 6fe2 809d 2c20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 646f o..., you can do\n+00022090: 0a61 6c6d 6f73 7420 7468 6520 7361 6d65 .almost the same\n+000220a0: 2074 6869 6e67 2062 7920 6a75 7374 2072 thing by just r\n+000220b0: 6574 7572 6e69 6e67 2074 6f20 7468 6520 eturning to the \n+000220c0: 6d61 696e 206d 656e 7520 7573 696e 6720 main menu using \n+000220d0: 3c45 5343 3e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 .....File: \n+000220e0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+000220f0: 3a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 742c 2020 : Environment, \n+00022100: 4e65 7874 3a20 4d6f 6475 6c65 732c 2020 Next: Modules, \n+00022110: 5072 6576 3a20 496e 7465 7266 6163 652c Prev: Interface,\n+00022120: 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 3520 4752 Up: Top..15 GR\n+00022130: 5542 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 UB environment v\n+00022140: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ariables.*******\n 00022150: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00022160: 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 2073 7570 706f 7274 **..GRUB support\n-00022170: 7320 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 s environment va\n-00022180: 7269 6162 6c65 7320 7768 6963 6820 6172 riables which ar\n-00022190: 6520 7261 7468 6572 206c 696b 6520 7468 e rather like th\n-000221a0: 6f73 6520 6f66 6665 7265 640a 6279 2061 ose offered.by a\n-000221b0: 6c6c 2055 6e69 782d 6c69 6b65 2073 7973 ll Unix-like sys\n-000221c0: 7465 6d73 2e20 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 tems. Environme\n-000221d0: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2068 6176 nt variables hav\n-000221e0: 6520 6120 6e61 6d65 2c20 7768 6963 6820 e a name, which \n-000221f0: 6973 0a75 6e69 7175 6520 616e 6420 6973 is.unique and is\n-00022200: 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2061 2073 686f 7274 usually a short\n-00022210: 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 722c 2061 6e64 identifier, and\n-00022220: 2061 2076 616c 7565 2c20 7768 6963 6820 a value, which \n-00022230: 6973 2061 6e0a 6172 6269 7472 6172 7920 is an.arbitrary \n-00022240: 7374 7269 6e67 206f 6620 6368 6172 6163 string of charac\n-00022250: 7465 7273 2e20 2054 6865 7920 6d61 7920 ters. They may \n-00022260: 6265 2073 6574 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7365 be set (*note se\n-00022270: 743a 3a29 2c20 756e 7365 740a 282a 6e6f t::), unset.(*no\n-00022280: 7465 2075 6e73 6574 3a3a 292c 206f 7220 te unset::), or \n-00022290: 6c6f 6f6b 6564 2075 7020 282a 6e6f 7465 looked up (*note\n-000222a0: 2053 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 7363 7269 Shell-like scri\n-000222b0: 7074 696e 673a 3a29 2062 7920 6e61 6d65 pting::) by name\n-000222c0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4120 6e75 6d62 6572 206f ... A number o\n-000222d0: 6620 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 f environment va\n-000222e0: 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6861 7665 2073 7065 riables have spe\n-000222f0: 6369 616c 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 7320 746f cial meanings to\n-00022300: 2076 6172 696f 7573 0a70 6172 7473 206f various.parts o\n-00022310: 6620 4752 5542 2e20 4f74 6865 7273 206d f GRUB. Others m\n-00022320: 6179 2062 6520 7573 6564 2066 7265 656c ay be used freel\n-00022330: 7920 696e 2047 5255 4220 636f 6e66 6967 y in GRUB config\n-00022340: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 732e 0a0a uration files...\n-00022350: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2053 7065 6369 * Menu:..* Speci\n-00022360: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n-00022370: 6172 6961 626c 6573 3a3a 0a2a 2045 6e76 ariables::.* Env\n-00022380: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 3a3a ironment block::\n-00022390: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-000223a0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5370 6563 nfo, Node: Spec\n-000223b0: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n-000223c0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 732c 2020 4e65 7874 variables, Next\n-000223d0: 3a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c : Environment bl\n-000223e0: 6f63 6b2c 2020 5570 3a20 456e 7669 726f ock, Up: Enviro\n-000223f0: 6e6d 656e 740a 0a31 352e 3120 5370 6563 nment..15.1 Spec\n-00022400: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n-00022410: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d variables.======\n+00022160: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4752 5542 2073 7570 ******..GRUB sup\n+00022170: 706f 7274 7320 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ports environmen\n+00022180: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 7768 6963 t variables whic\n+00022190: 6820 6172 6520 7261 7468 6572 206c 696b h are rather lik\n+000221a0: 6520 7468 6f73 6520 6f66 6665 7265 640a e those offered.\n+000221b0: 6279 2061 6c6c 2055 6e69 782d 6c69 6b65 by all Unix-like\n+000221c0: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e20 2045 6e76 6972 systems. Envir\n+000221d0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n+000221e0: 2068 6176 6520 6120 6e61 6d65 2c20 7768 have a name, wh\n+000221f0: 6963 6820 6973 0a75 6e69 7175 6520 616e ich is.unique an\n+00022200: 6420 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2061 2073 d is usually a s\n+00022210: 686f 7274 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 722c hort identifier,\n+00022220: 2061 6e64 2061 2076 616c 7565 2c20 7768 and a value, wh\n+00022230: 6963 6820 6973 2061 6e0a 6172 6269 7472 ich is an.arbitr\n+00022240: 6172 7920 7374 7269 6e67 206f 6620 6368 ary string of ch\n+00022250: 6172 6163 7465 7273 2e20 2054 6865 7920 aracters. They \n+00022260: 6d61 7920 6265 2073 6574 2028 2a6e 6f74 may be set (*not\n+00022270: 6520 7365 743a 3a29 2c20 756e 7365 740a e set::), unset.\n+00022280: 282a 6e6f 7465 2075 6e73 6574 3a3a 292c (*note unset::),\n+00022290: 206f 7220 6c6f 6f6b 6564 2075 7020 282a or looked up (*\n+000222a0: 6e6f 7465 2053 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 note Shell-like \n+000222b0: 7363 7269 7074 696e 673a 3a29 2062 7920 scripting::) by \n+000222c0: 6e61 6d65 2e0a 0a20 2020 4120 6e75 6d62 name... A numb\n+000222d0: 6572 206f 6620 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e er of environmen\n+000222e0: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6861 7665 t variables have\n+000222f0: 2073 7065 6369 616c 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 special meaning\n+00022300: 7320 746f 2076 6172 696f 7573 0a70 6172 s to various.par\n+00022310: 7473 206f 6620 4752 5542 2e20 4f74 6865 ts of GRUB. Othe\n+00022320: 7273 206d 6179 2062 6520 7573 6564 2066 rs may be used f\n+00022330: 7265 656c 7920 696e 2047 5255 4220 636f reely in GRUB co\n+00022340: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n+00022350: 732e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2053 s...* Menu:..* S\n+00022360: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n+00022370: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 3a3a 0a2a nt variables::.*\n+00022380: 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f Environment blo\n+00022390: 636b 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ck::....File: gr\n+000223a0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+000223b0: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n+000223c0: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 732c 2020 ent variables, \n+000223d0: 4e65 7874 3a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e Next: Environmen\n+000223e0: 7420 626c 6f63 6b2c 2020 5570 3a20 456e t block, Up: En\n+000223f0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 740a 0a31 352e 3120 vironment..15.1 \n+00022400: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n+00022410: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 3d3d ent variables.==\n 00022420: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00022430: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 ============..Th\n-00022440: 6573 6520 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6861 ese variables ha\n-00022450: 7665 2073 7065 6369 616c 206d 6561 6e69 ve special meani\n-00022460: 6e67 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2e0a 0a2a 204d ng to GRUB...* M\n-00022470: 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 6269 6f73 6e75 6d3a enu:..* biosnum:\n-00022480: 3a0a 2a20 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 :.* check_signat\n-00022490: 7572 6573 3a3a 0a2a 2063 686f 7365 6e3a ures::.* chosen:\n-000224a0: 3a0a 2a20 636d 6470 6174 683a 3a0a 2a20 :.* cmdpath::.* \n-000224b0: 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 743a color_highlight:\n-000224c0: 3a0a 2a20 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c :.* color_normal\n-000224d0: 3a3a 0a2a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6469 7265 ::.* config_dire\n-000224e0: 6374 6f72 793a 3a0a 2a20 636f 6e66 6967 ctory::.* config\n-000224f0: 5f66 696c 653a 3a0a 2a20 6465 6275 673a _file::.* debug:\n-00022500: 3a0a 2a20 6465 6661 756c 743a 3a0a 2a20 :.* default::.* \n-00022510: 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 3a3a 0a2a 2067 6678 fallback::.* gfx\n-00022520: 6d6f 6465 3a3a 0a2a 2067 6678 7061 796c mode::.* gfxpayl\n-00022530: 6f61 643a 3a0a 2a20 6766 7874 6572 6d5f oad::.* gfxterm_\n-00022540: 666f 6e74 3a3a 0a2a 2067 7275 625f 6370 font::.* grub_cp\n-00022550: 753a 3a0a 2a20 6772 7562 5f70 6c61 7466 u::.* grub_platf\n-00022560: 6f72 6d3a 3a0a 2a20 6963 6f6e 6469 723a orm::.* icondir:\n-00022570: 3a0a 2a20 6c61 6e67 3a3a 0a2a 206c 6f63 :.* lang::.* loc\n-00022580: 616c 655f 6469 723a 3a0a 2a20 6c6f 636b ale_dir::.* lock\n-00022590: 646f 776e 3a3a 0a2a 206d 656e 755f 636f down::.* menu_co\n-000225a0: 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 743a 3a0a lor_highlight::.\n-000225b0: 2a20 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 * menu_color_nor\n-000225c0: 6d61 6c3a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 mal::.* net__boot_fil\n-000225e0: 653a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 e::.* net__clientid::\n-00022600: 0a2a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 .* net__clientuuid::.\n-00022620: 2a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 * net__dhcp_server_na\n-00022640: 6d65 3a3a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 me::.* net__domain::.\n-00022660: 2a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 * net__extensionspath\n-00022680: 3a3a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ::.* net__hostname::.\n-000226a0: 2a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 * net__ip::.* net__mac::.*\n-000226d0: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n-000226e0: 5f6e 6578 745f 7365 7276 6572 3a3a 0a2a _next_server::.*\n-000226f0: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n-00022700: 5f72 6f6f 7470 6174 683a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 _rootpath::.* ne\n-00022710: 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 696e 7465 7266 t_default_interf\n-00022720: 6163 653a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 ace::.* net_defa\n-00022730: 756c 745f 6970 3a3a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 ult_ip::.* net_d\n-00022740: 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 3a3a 0a2a 206e efault_mac::.* n\n-00022750: 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 et_default_serve\n-00022760: 723a 3a0a 2a20 7061 6765 723a 3a0a 2a20 r::.* pager::.* \n-00022770: 7072 6566 6978 3a3a 0a2a 2070 7865 5f62 prefix::.* pxe_b\n-00022780: 6c6b 7369 7a65 3a3a 0a2a 2070 7865 5f64 lksize::.* pxe_d\n-00022790: 6566 6175 6c74 5f67 6174 6577 6179 3a3a efault_gateway::\n-000227a0: 0a2a 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 .* pxe_default_s\n-000227b0: 6572 7665 723a 3a0a 2a20 726f 6f74 3a3a erver::.* root::\n-000227c0: 0a2a 2073 6869 6d5f 6c6f 636b 3a3a 0a2a .* shim_lock::.*\n-000227d0: 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 733a 3a0a 2a20 superusers::.* \n-000227e0: 7468 656d 653a 3a0a 2a20 7469 6d65 6f75 theme::.* timeou\n-000227f0: 743a 3a0a 2a20 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 7374 t::.* timeout_st\n-00022800: 796c 653a 3a0a 2a20 7470 6d5f 6661 696c yle::.* tpm_fail\n-00022810: 5f66 6174 616c 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 _fatal::....File\n-00022820: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00022830: 6465 3a20 6269 6f73 6e75 6d2c 2020 4e65 de: biosnum, Ne\n-00022840: 7874 3a20 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 xt: check_signat\n-00022850: 7572 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 ures, Up: Speci\n-00022860: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n-00022870: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 ariables..15.1.1\n-00022880: 2062 696f 736e 756d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d biosnum.-------\n-00022890: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a57 6865 6e20 6368 -------..When ch\n-000228a0: 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 616e 6f74 ain-loading anot\n-000228b0: 6865 7220 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 her boot loader \n-000228c0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 (*note Chain-loa\n-000228d0: 6469 6e67 3a3a 292c 2047 5255 4220 6d61 ding::), GRUB ma\n-000228e0: 790a 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6b6e 6f77 2077 y.need to know w\n-000228f0: 6861 7420 4249 4f53 2064 7269 7665 206e hat BIOS drive n\n-00022900: 756d 6265 7220 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 umber correspond\n-00022910: 7320 746f 2074 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6465 s to the root de\n-00022920: 7669 6365 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 726f 6f74 vice.(*note root\n-00022930: 3a3a 2920 736f 2074 6861 7420 6974 2063 ::) so that it c\n-00022940: 616e 2073 6574 2075 7020 7265 6769 7374 an set up regist\n-00022950: 6572 7320 7072 6f70 6572 6c79 2e20 2049 ers properly. I\n-00022960: 6620 7468 6520 4249 4f53 4e55 4d0a 7661 f the BIOSNUM.va\n-00022970: 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 riable is set, i\n-00022980: 7420 6f76 6572 7269 6465 7320 4752 5542 t overrides GRUB\n-00022990: 2773 206f 776e 206d 6561 6e73 206f 6620 's own means of \n-000229a0: 6775 6573 7369 6e67 2074 6869 732e 0a0a guessing this...\n-000229b0: 2020 2046 6f72 2061 6e20 616c 7465 726e For an altern\n-000229c0: 6174 6976 6520 6170 7072 6f61 6368 2077 ative approach w\n-000229d0: 6869 6368 2061 6c73 6f20 6368 616e 6765 hich also change\n-000229e0: 7320 4249 4f53 2064 7269 7665 206d 6170 s BIOS drive map\n-000229f0: 7069 6e67 730a 666f 7220 7468 6520 6368 pings.for the ch\n-00022a00: 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 6564 2073 7973 7465 ain-loaded syste\n-00022a10: 6d2c 202a 6e6f 7465 2064 7269 7665 6d61 m, *note drivema\n-00022a20: 703a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 p::.....File: gr\n-00022a30: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00022a40: 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 check_signatures\n-00022a50: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 686f 7365 6e2c , Next: chosen,\n-00022a60: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6269 6f73 6e75 6d2c Prev: biosnum,\n-00022a70: 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e Up: Special en\n-00022a80: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n-00022a90: 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3220 6368 6563 les..15.1.2 chec\n-00022aa0: 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 0a2d 2d2d k_signatures.---\n-00022ab0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00022ac0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 ----..This varia\n-00022ad0: 626c 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c73 2077 6865 ble controls whe\n-00022ae0: 7468 6572 2047 5255 4220 656e 666f 7263 ther GRUB enforc\n-00022af0: 6573 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 es digital signa\n-00022b00: 7475 7265 0a76 616c 6964 6174 696f 6e20 ture.validation \n-00022b10: 6f6e 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6669 6c65 732e on loaded files.\n-00022b20: 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5573 696e 6720 6469 *Note Using di\n-00022b30: 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 gital signatures\n-00022b40: 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ::.....File: gru\n-00022b50: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 b.info, Node: c\n-00022b60: 686f 7365 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 636d hosen, Next: cm\n-00022b70: 6470 6174 682c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6368 dpath, Prev: ch\n-00022b80: 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 2c20 eck_signatures, \n-00022b90: 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 Up: Special env\n-00022ba0: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-00022bb0: 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 2063 686f 7365 es..15.1.3 chose\n-00022bc0: 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a n.-------------.\n-00022bd0: 0a57 6865 6e20 6578 6563 7574 696e 6720 .When executing \n-00022be0: 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2c20 4752 a menu entry, GR\n-00022bf0: 5542 2073 6574 7320 7468 6520 4348 4f53 UB sets the CHOS\n-00022c00: 454e 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 746f 2074 EN variable to t\n-00022c10: 6865 2074 6974 6c65 0a6f 6620 7468 6520 he title.of the \n-00022c20: 656e 7472 7920 6265 696e 6720 6578 6563 entry being exec\n-00022c30: 7574 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2074 6865 uted... If the\n-00022c40: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 6973 2069 menu entry is i\n-00022c50: 6e20 6f6e 6520 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 7375 n one or more su\n-00022c60: 626d 656e 7573 2c20 7468 656e 2043 484f bmenus, then CHO\n-00022c70: 5345 4e20 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f0a 7468 SEN is set to.th\n-00022c80: 6520 7469 746c 6573 206f 6620 6561 6368 e titles of each\n-00022c90: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7375 626d 656e 7573 of the submenus\n-00022ca0: 2073 7461 7274 696e 6720 6672 6f6d 2074 starting from t\n-00022cb0: 6865 2074 6f70 206c 6576 656c 2066 6f6c he top level fol\n-00022cc0: 6c6f 7765 640a 6279 2074 6865 2074 6974 lowed.by the tit\n-00022cd0: 6c65 206f 6620 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2065 le of the menu e\n-00022ce0: 6e74 7279 2069 7473 656c 662c 2073 6570 ntry itself, sep\n-00022cf0: 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 e280 983e e280 arated by ...>..\n-00022d00: 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ......File: grub\n-00022d10: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d .info, Node: cm\n-00022d20: 6470 6174 682c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 636f dpath, Next: co\n-00022d30: 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 742c 2020 lor_highlight, \n-00022d40: 5072 6576 3a20 6368 6f73 656e 2c20 2055 Prev: chosen, U\n-00022d50: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n-00022d60: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-00022d70: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 2063 6d64 7061 7468 ..15.1.4 cmdpath\n-00022d80: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a .--------------.\n-00022d90: 0a54 6865 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6672 .The location fr\n-00022da0: 6f6d 2077 6869 6368 20e2 8098 636f 7265 om which ...core\n-00022db0: 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 7761 7320 6c6f 6164 .img... was load\n-00022dc0: 6564 2061 7320 616e 2061 6273 6f6c 7574 ed as an absolut\n-00022dd0: 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 790a 6e61 6d65 e directory.name\n-00022de0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4669 6c65 206e 616d (*note File nam\n-00022df0: 6520 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 e syntax::). Th\n-00022e00: 6973 2069 7320 7365 7420 6279 2047 5255 is is set by GRU\n-00022e10: 4220 6174 2073 7461 7274 7570 2062 6173 B at startup bas\n-00022e20: 6564 0a6f 6e20 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f ed.on informatio\n-00022e30: 6e20 7265 7475 726e 6564 2062 7920 706c n returned by pl\n-00022e40: 6174 666f 726d 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e atform firmware.\n-00022e50: 2020 4e6f 7420 6576 6572 7920 706c 6174 Not every plat\n-00022e60: 666f 726d 0a70 726f 7669 6465 7320 7468 form.provides th\n-00022e70: 6973 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 is information a\n-00022e80: 6e64 2073 6f6d 6520 6d61 7920 7265 7475 nd some may retu\n-00022e90: 726e 206f 6e6c 7920 6465 7669 6365 2077 rn only device w\n-00022ea0: 6974 686f 7574 2070 6174 680a 6e61 6d65 ithout path.name\n-00022eb0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00022ec0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6c info, Node: col\n-00022ed0: 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 2c20 204e or_highlight, N\n-00022ee0: 6578 743a 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 ext: color_norma\n-00022ef0: 6c2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636d 6470 6174 l, Prev: cmdpat\n-00022f00: 682c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 h, Up: Special \n-00022f10: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-00022f20: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3520 636f ables..15.1.5 co\n-00022f30: 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 740a 2d2d lor_highlight.--\n-00022f40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00022f50: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 ----..This varia\n-00022f60: 626c 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 6865 ble contains the\n-00022f70: 2022 6869 6768 6c69 6768 7422 2066 6f72 \"highlight\" for\n-00022f80: 6567 726f 756e 6420 616e 6420 6261 636b eground and back\n-00022f90: 6772 6f75 6e64 0a74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 ground.terminal \n-00022fa0: 636f 6c6f 7273 2c20 7365 7061 7261 7465 colors, separate\n-00022fb0: 6420 6279 2061 2073 6c61 7368 2028 e280 d by a slash (..\n-00022fc0: 982f e280 9929 2e20 2053 6574 7469 6e67 ./...). Setting\n-00022fd0: 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 0a63 this variable.c\n-00022fe0: 6861 6e67 6573 2074 686f 7365 2063 6f6c hanges those col\n-00022ff0: 6f72 732e 2020 466f 7220 7468 6520 6176 ors. For the av\n-00023000: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 6e61 ailable color na\n-00023010: 6d65 732c 202a 6e6f 7465 0a63 6f6c 6f72 mes, *note.color\n-00023020: 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2054 _normal::... T\n-00023030: 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 e280 he default is ..\n-00023040: 9862 6c61 636b 2f6c 6967 6874 2d67 7261 .black/light-gra\n-00023050: 79e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 y........File: g\n-00023060: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00023070: 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 color_normal, \n-00023080: 4e65 7874 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 5f64 6972 Next: config_dir\n-00023090: 6563 746f 7279 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 ectory, Prev: c\n-000230a0: 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 2c20 olor_highlight, \n-000230b0: 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 Up: Special env\n-000230c0: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-000230d0: 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e36 2063 6f6c 6f72 es..15.1.6 color\n-000230e0: 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _normal.--------\n-000230f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 -----------..Thi\n-00023100: 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 6f6e 7461 s variable conta\n-00023110: 696e 7320 7468 6520 226e 6f72 6d61 6c22 ins the \"normal\"\n-00023120: 2066 6f72 6567 726f 756e 6420 616e 6420 foreground and \n-00023130: 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2074 6572 6d69 background termi\n-00023140: 6e61 6c0a 636f 6c6f 7273 2c20 7365 7061 nal.colors, sepa\n-00023150: 7261 7465 6420 6279 2061 2073 6c61 7368 rated by a slash\n-00023160: 2028 e280 982f e280 9929 2e20 2053 6574 (.../...). Set\n-00023170: 7469 6e67 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 ting this variab\n-00023180: 6c65 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2074 686f 7365 le changes those\n-00023190: 0a63 6f6c 6f72 732e 2020 4561 6368 2063 .colors. Each c\n-000231a0: 6f6c 6f72 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 206e olor must be a n\n-000231b0: 616d 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2066 6f6c ame from the fol\n-000231c0: 6c6f 7769 6e67 206c 6973 743a 0a0a 2020 lowing list:.. \n-000231d0: 20e2 80a2 2062 6c61 636b 0a20 2020 e280 ... black. ..\n-000231e0: a220 626c 7565 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6772 . blue. ... gr\n-000231f0: 6565 6e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2063 7961 6e0a een. ... cyan.\n-00023200: 2020 20e2 80a2 2072 6564 0a20 2020 e280 ... red. ..\n-00023210: a220 6d61 6765 6e74 610a 2020 20e2 80a2 . magenta. ...\n-00023220: 2062 726f 776e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6c69 brown. ... li\n-00023230: 6768 742d 6772 6179 0a20 2020 e280 a220 ght-gray. ... \n-00023240: 6461 726b 2d67 7261 790a 2020 20e2 80a2 dark-gray. ...\n-00023250: 206c 6967 6874 2d62 6c75 650a 2020 20e2 light-blue. .\n-00023260: 80a2 206c 6967 6874 2d67 7265 656e 0a20 .. light-green. \n-00023270: 2020 e280 a220 6c69 6768 742d 6379 616e ... light-cyan\n-00023280: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6c69 6768 742d 7265 . ... light-re\n-00023290: 640a 2020 20e2 80a2 206c 6967 6874 2d6d d. ... light-m\n-000232a0: 6167 656e 7461 0a20 2020 e280 a220 7965 agenta. ... ye\n-000232b0: 6c6c 6f77 0a20 2020 e280 a220 7768 6974 llow. ... whit\n-000232c0: 650a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c e.. The defaul\n-000232d0: 7420 6973 20e2 8098 6c69 6768 742d 6772 t is ...light-gr\n-000232e0: 6179 2f62 6c61 636b e280 992e 0a0a 2020 ay/black...... \n-000232f0: 2054 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 2073 7570 706f The color suppo\n-00023300: 7274 2073 7570 706f 7274 2076 6172 6965 rt support varie\n-00023310: 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 s from terminal \n-00023320: 746f 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e 0a0a 2020 to terminal... \n-00023330: 20e2 8098 6d6f 7273 65e2 8099 2068 6173 ...morse... has\n-00023340: 206e 6f20 636f 6c6f 7220 7375 7070 6f72 no color suppor\n-00023350: 7420 6174 2061 6c6c 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 t at all... ..\n-00023360: 986d 6461 5f74 6578 74e2 8099 2063 6f6c .mda_text... col\n-00023370: 6f72 2073 7570 706f 7274 2069 7320 6c69 or support is li\n-00023380: 6d69 7465 6420 746f 2068 6967 686c 6967 mited to highlig\n-00023390: 6874 696e 6720 6279 2062 6c61 636b 2f77 hting by black/w\n-000233a0: 6869 7465 0a72 6576 6572 7361 6c2e 0a0a hite.reversal...\n-000233b0: 2020 20e2 8098 636f 6e73 6f6c 65e2 8099 ...console...\n-000233c0: 206f 6e20 4152 432c 2045 4d55 2061 6e64 on ARC, EMU and\n-000233d0: 2049 4545 4531 3237 352c 20e2 8098 7365 IEEE1275, ...se\n-000233e0: 7269 616c 5f2a e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 rial_*... and ..\n-000233f0: 9873 706b 6d6f 6465 6de2 8099 2061 7265 .spkmodem... are\n-00023400: 0a67 6f76 6572 6e65 6420 6279 2074 6572 .governed by ter\n-00023410: 6d69 6e66 6f20 616e 6420 7375 7070 6f72 minfo and suppor\n-00023420: 7420 6f6e 6c79 2038 2063 6f6c 6f72 7320 t only 8 colors \n-00023430: 6966 2069 6e20 6d6f 6465 7320 e280 9876 if in modes ...v\n-00023440: 7431 3030 2d63 6f6c 6f72 e280 990a 2864 t100-color....(d\n-00023450: 6566 6175 6c74 2066 6f72 2063 6f6e 736f efault for conso\n-00023460: 6c65 206f 6e20 656d 7529 2c20 e280 9861 le on emu), ...a\n-00023470: 7263 e280 9920 2864 6566 6175 6c74 2066 rc... (default f\n-00023480: 6f72 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 206f 6e20 4152 or console on AR\n-00023490: 4329 2c0a e280 9869 6565 6531 3237 35e2 C),....ieee1275.\n-000234a0: 8099 2028 6465 6661 756c 7420 666f 7220 .. (default for \n-000234b0: 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6f6e 2049 4545 4531 console on IEEE1\n-000234c0: 3237 3529 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 696e 206d 275). When in m\n-000234d0: 6f64 6520 e280 9876 7431 3030 e280 9920 ode ...vt100... \n-000234e0: 7468 656e 0a74 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 2073 then.the color s\n-000234f0: 7570 706f 7274 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 upport is limite\n-00023500: 6420 746f 2068 6967 686c 6967 6874 696e d to highlightin\n-00023510: 6720 6279 2062 6c61 636b 2f77 6869 7465 g by black/white\n-00023520: 2072 6576 6572 7361 6c2e 0a57 6865 6e20 reversal..When \n-00023530: 696e 206d 6f64 6520 e280 9864 756d 62e2 in mode ...dumb.\n-00023540: 8099 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 6e6f 2063 .. there is no c\n-00023550: 6f6c 6f72 2073 7570 706f 7274 2e0a 0a20 olor support... \n-00023560: 2020 5768 656e 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2073 When console s\n-00023570: 7570 706f 7274 7320 6e6f 2063 6f6c 6f72 upports no color\n-00023580: 7320 7468 6973 2073 6574 7469 6e67 2069 s this setting i\n-00023590: 7320 6967 6e6f 7265 642e 2020 5768 656e s ignored. When\n-000235a0: 0a63 6f6e 736f 6c65 2073 7570 706f 7274 .console support\n-000235b0: 7320 3820 636f 6c6f 7273 2c20 7468 656e s 8 colors, then\n-000235c0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 7320 6672 6f6d the colors from\n-000235d0: 2074 6865 2073 6563 6f6e 6420 6861 6c66 the second half\n-000235e0: 206f 6620 7468 650a 7072 6576 696f 7573 of the.previous\n-000235f0: 206c 6973 7420 6172 6520 6d61 7070 6564 list are mapped\n-00023600: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 to the matching\n-00023610: 2063 6f6c 6f72 7320 6f66 2066 6972 7374 colors of first\n-00023620: 2068 616c 662e 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 636f half... ...co\n-00023630: 6e73 6f6c 65e2 8099 206f 6e20 4546 4920 nsole... on EFI \n-00023640: 616e 6420 4249 4f53 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 and BIOS and ...\n-00023650: 7667 615f 7465 7874 e280 9920 7375 7070 vga_text... supp\n-00023660: 6f72 7420 616c 6c20 3136 2063 6f6c 6f72 ort all 16 color\n-00023670: 732e 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 6766 7874 6572 s... ...gfxter\n-00023680: 6de2 8099 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 616c m... supports al\n-00023690: 6c20 3136 2063 6f6c 6f72 7320 616e 6420 l 16 colors and \n-000236a0: 776f 756c 6420 6265 2074 6865 6f72 6574 would be theoret\n-000236b0: 6963 616c 6c79 0a65 7874 656e 6461 626c ically.extendabl\n-000236c0: 6520 746f 2073 7570 706f 7274 2077 686f e to support who\n-000236d0: 6c65 2072 6762 3234 2070 616c 6574 7465 le rgb24 palette\n-000236e0: 2062 7574 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2074 but currently t\n-000236f0: 6865 7265 2069 7320 6e6f 0a63 6f6d 7065 here is no.compe\n-00023700: 6c6c 696e 6720 7265 6173 6f6e 2074 6f20 lling reason to \n-00023710: 676f 2062 6579 6f6e 6420 7468 6520 6375 go beyond the cu\n-00023720: 7272 656e 7420 3136 2063 6f6c 6f72 732e rrent 16 colors.\n-00023730: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00023740: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 636f 6e66 nfo, Node: conf\n-00023750: 6967 5f64 6972 6563 746f 7279 2c20 204e ig_directory, N\n-00023760: 6578 743a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6669 6c65 ext: config_file\n-00023770: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f6e , Prev: color_n\n-00023780: 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 ormal, Up: Spec\n-00023790: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n-000237a0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n-000237b0: 3720 636f 6e66 6967 5f64 6972 6563 746f 7 config_directo\n-000237c0: 7279 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ry.-------------\n-000237d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 ----------..This\n-000237e0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2061 7574 variable is aut\n-000237f0: 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2073 6574 2062 omatically set b\n-00023800: 7920 4752 5542 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6469 y GRUB to the di\n-00023810: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7061 7274 206f 660a rectory part of.\n-00023820: 6375 7272 656e 7420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 current configur\n-00023830: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 ation file name \n-00023840: 282a 6e6f 7465 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6669 (*note config_fi\n-00023850: 6c65 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 le::).....File: \n-00023860: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00023870: 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 5f66 696c 652c 2020 : config_file, \n-00023880: 4e65 7874 3a20 6465 6275 672c 2020 5072 Next: debug, Pr\n-00023890: 6576 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 5f64 6972 6563 ev: config_direc\n-000238a0: 746f 7279 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 tory, Up: Speci\n-000238b0: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n-000238c0: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e38 ariables..15.1.8\n-000238d0: 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6669 6c65 0a2d 2d2d config_file.---\n-000238e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-000238f0: 0a54 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 .This variable i\n-00023900: 7320 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 s automatically \n-00023910: 7365 7420 6279 2047 5255 4220 746f 2074 set by GRUB to t\n-00023920: 6865 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2063 6f6e 6669 he name of confi\n-00023930: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a66 696c 6520 7468 guration.file th\n-00023940: 6174 2069 7320 6265 696e 6720 7072 6f63 at is being proc\n-00023950: 6573 7365 6420 6279 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 essed by command\n-00023960: 7320 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 s ...configfile.\n-00023970: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 636f 6e66 6967 .. (*note.config\n-00023980: 6669 6c65 3a3a 2920 6f72 20e2 8098 6e6f file::) or ...no\n-00023990: 726d 616c e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 206e rmal... (*note n\n-000239a0: 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a29 2e20 2049 7420 6973 ormal::). It is\n-000239b0: 2072 6573 746f 7265 6420 746f 2074 6865 restored to the\n-000239c0: 0a70 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7661 6c75 6520 .previous value \n-000239d0: 7768 656e 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2063 6f6d when command com\n-000239e0: 706c 6574 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a pletes.....File:\n-000239f0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-00023a00: 653a 2064 6562 7567 2c20 204e 6578 743a e: debug, Next:\n-00023a10: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2c20 2050 7265 763a default, Prev:\n-00023a20: 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6669 6c65 2c20 2055 config_file, U\n-00023a30: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n-00023a40: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-00023a50: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e39 2064 6562 7567 0a2d ..15.1.9 debug.-\n-00023a60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 -----------..Thi\n-00023a70: 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 206d 6179 2062 s variable may b\n-00023a80: 6520 7365 7420 746f 2065 6e61 626c 6520 e set to enable \n-00023a90: 6465 6275 6767 696e 6720 6f75 7470 7574 debugging output\n-00023aa0: 2066 726f 6d20 7661 7269 6f75 730a 636f from various.co\n-00023ab0: 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 206f 6620 4752 5542 mponents of GRUB\n-00023ac0: 2e20 5468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6973 2061 . The value is a\n-00023ad0: 6e20 6f72 6465 7265 6420 6c69 7374 206f n ordered list o\n-00023ae0: 6620 6465 6275 6720 6661 6369 6c69 7479 f debug facility\n-00023af0: 206e 616d 6573 0a73 6570 6172 6174 6564 names.separated\n-00023b00: 2062 7920 7768 6974 6573 7061 6365 206f by whitespace o\n-00023b10: 7220 e280 982c e280 992e 2020 4966 2074 r ...,.... If t\n-00023b20: 6865 2073 7065 6369 616c 2066 6163 696c he special facil\n-00023b30: 6974 7920 6e61 6d65 6420 e280 9861 6c6c ity named ...all\n-00023b40: e280 9920 6973 0a70 7265 7365 6e74 2074 ... is.present t\n-00023b50: 6865 6e20 6465 6275 6767 696e 6720 6f75 hen debugging ou\n-00023b60: 7470 7574 206f 6620 616c 6c20 6661 6369 tput of all faci\n-00023b70: 6c69 7479 206e 616d 6573 2069 7320 656e lity names is en\n-00023b80: 6162 6c65 6420 6174 2074 6865 0a73 7461 abled at the.sta\n-00023b90: 7274 206f 6620 7072 6f63 6573 7369 6e67 rt of processing\n-00023ba0: 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 7468 the value of th\n-00023bb0: 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 652e 2020 4120 is variable. A \n-00023bc0: 6661 6369 6c69 7479 2773 2064 6562 7567 facility's debug\n-00023bd0: 0a6f 7574 7075 7420 6361 6e20 7468 656e .output can then\n-00023be0: 2062 6520 6469 7361 626c 6564 2062 7920 be disabled by \n-00023bf0: 7072 6566 6978 696e 6720 6974 7320 6e61 prefixing its na\n-00023c00: 6d65 2077 6974 6820 6120 e280 982d e280 me with a ...-..\n-00023c10: 992e 2020 5468 6520 6c61 7374 0a6f 6363 .. The last.occ\n-00023c20: 7572 656e 6365 2066 6163 696c 6974 7920 urence facility \n-00023c30: 6e61 6d65 2077 6974 6820 6f72 2077 6974 name with or wit\n-00023c40: 686f 7574 2061 206c 6561 6469 6e67 20e2 hout a leading .\n-00023c50: 8098 2de2 8099 2074 616b 6573 2070 7265 ..-... takes pre\n-00023c60: 6365 6e64 656e 740a 6f76 6572 2061 6e79 cendent.over any\n-00023c70: 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 6f63 6375 7265 previous occure\n-00023c80: 6e63 652e 2020 5468 6973 2061 6c6c 6f77 nce. This allow\n-00023c90: 7320 7468 6520 6561 7379 2065 6e61 626c s the easy enabl\n-00023ca0: 696e 6720 6f72 2064 6973 6162 6c69 6e67 ing or disabling\n-00023cb0: 0a6f 6620 6661 6369 6c69 7469 6573 2062 .of facilities b\n-00023cc0: 7920 6170 7065 6e64 696e 6720 6120 e280 y appending a ..\n-00023cd0: 982c e280 9920 616e 6420 7468 656e 2074 .,... and then t\n-00023ce0: 6865 2066 6163 696c 6974 7920 6e61 6d65 he facility name\n-00023cf0: 2077 6974 6820 6f72 0a77 6974 686f 7574 with or.without\n-00023d00: 2074 6865 206c 6561 6469 6e67 20e2 8098 the leading ...\n-00023d10: 2de2 8099 2c20 7768 6963 6820 7769 6c6c -..., which will\n-00023d20: 2070 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 6520 7374 preserve the st\n-00023d30: 6174 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2072 6573 7420 ate of the rest \n-00023d40: 6f66 0a74 6865 2066 6163 696c 6974 6965 of.the facilitie\n-00023d50: 732e 2020 5468 6520 6661 6369 6c69 7479 s. The facility\n-00023d60: 206e 616d 6573 2061 7265 2074 6865 2066 names are the f\n-00023d70: 6972 7374 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 746f irst argument to\n-00023d80: 0a67 7275 625f 6470 7269 6e74 662e 2020 .grub_dprintf. \n-00023d90: 436f 6e73 756c 7420 7468 6520 736f 7572 Consult the sour\n-00023da0: 6365 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 6465 7461 ce for more deta\n-00023db0: 696c 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ils.....File: gr\n-00023dc0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00023dd0: 6465 6661 756c 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 default, Next: \n-00023de0: 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 2c20 2050 7265 763a fallback, Prev:\n-00023df0: 2064 6562 7567 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 debug, Up: Spe\n-00023e00: 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 cial environment\n-00023e10: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 variables..15.1\n-00023e20: 2e31 3020 6465 6661 756c 740a 2d2d 2d2d .10 default.----\n-00023e30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 -----------..If \n-00023e40: 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 this variable is\n-00023e50: 2073 6574 2c20 6974 2069 6465 6e74 6966 set, it identif\n-00023e60: 6965 7320 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 ies a menu entry\n-00023e70: 2074 6861 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 650a that should be.\n-00023e80: 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2062 7920 6465 6661 selected by defa\n-00023e90: 756c 742c 2070 6f73 7369 626c 7920 6166 ult, possibly af\n-00023ea0: 7465 7220 6120 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 282a ter a timeout (*\n-00023eb0: 6e6f 7465 2074 696d 656f 7574 3a3a 292e note timeout::).\n-00023ec0: 2020 5468 650a 656e 7472 7920 6d61 7920 The.entry may \n-00023ed0: 6265 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 6420 6279 be identified by\n-00023ee0: 206e 756d 6265 7220 2873 7461 7274 696e number (startin\n-00023ef0: 6720 6672 6f6d 2030 2061 7420 6561 6368 g from 0 at each\n-00023f00: 206c 6576 656c 206f 6620 7468 650a 6869 level of the.hi\n-00023f10: 6572 6172 6368 7929 2c20 6279 2074 6974 erarchy), by tit\n-00023f20: 6c65 2c20 6f72 2062 7920 6964 2e0a 0a20 le, or by id... \n-00023f30: 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2069 For example, i\n-00023f40: 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 3a0a 0a6d 656e f you have:..men\n-00023f50: 7565 6e74 7279 2027 4578 616d 706c 6520 uentry 'Example \n-00023f60: 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 6469 7374 7269 GNU/Linux distri\n-00023f70: 6275 7469 6f6e 2720 2d2d 636c 6173 7320 bution' --class \n-00023f80: 676e 752d 6c69 6e75 7820 2d2d 6964 2065 gnu-linux --id e\n-00023f90: 7861 6d70 6c65 2d67 6e75 2d6c 696e 7578 xample-gnu-linux\n-00023fa0: 207b 0a09 2e2e 2e0a 7d0a 0a20 2020 7468 {......}.. th\n-00023fb0: 656e 2079 6f75 2063 616e 206d 616b 6520 en you can make \n-00023fc0: 7468 6973 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 this the default\n-00023fd0: 2075 7369 6e67 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6465 using:.. de\n-00023fe0: 6661 756c 743d 6578 616d 706c 652d 676e fault=example-gn\n-00023ff0: 752d 6c69 6e75 780a 0a20 2020 4966 2074 u-linux.. If t\n-00024000: 6865 2065 6e74 7279 2069 7320 696e 2061 he entry is in a\n-00024010: 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 2c20 7468 656e 2069 submenu, then i\n-00024020: 7420 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6964 656e 7469 t must be identi\n-00024030: 6669 6564 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 0a6e fied using the.n\n-00024040: 756d 6265 722c 2074 6974 6c65 2c20 6f72 umber, title, or\n-00024050: 2069 6420 6f66 2065 6163 6820 6f66 2074 id of each of t\n-00024060: 6865 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 7320 7374 6172 he submenus star\n-00024070: 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 746f ting from the to\n-00024080: 700a 6c65 7665 6c2c 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 p.level, followe\n-00024090: 6420 6279 2074 6865 206e 756d 6265 722c d by the number,\n-000240a0: 2074 6974 6c65 2c20 6f72 2069 6420 6f66 title, or id of\n-000240b0: 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 the menu entry \n-000240c0: 6974 7365 6c66 2c0a 7769 7468 2065 6163 itself,.with eac\n-000240d0: 6820 656c 656d 656e 7420 7365 7061 7261 h element separa\n-000240e0: 7465 6420 6279 20e2 8098 3ee2 8099 2e20 ted by ...>.... \n-000240f0: 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 7461 For example, ta\n-00024100: 6b65 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 ke the following\n-00024110: 0a6d 656e 7520 7374 7275 6374 7572 653a .menu structure:\n-00024120: 0a0a 2020 2020 2047 4e55 2f48 7572 6420 .. GNU/Hurd \n-00024130: 2d2d 6964 2067 6e75 2d68 7572 640a 2020 --id gnu-hurd. \n-00024140: 2020 2020 2053 7461 6e64 6172 6420 426f Standard Bo\n-00024150: 6f74 202d 2d69 643d 676e 752d 6875 7264 ot --id=gnu-hurd\n-00024160: 2d73 7464 0a20 2020 2020 2020 5265 7363 -std. Resc\n-00024170: 7565 2073 6865 6c6c 202d 2d69 643d 676e ue shell --id=gn\n-00024180: 752d 6875 7264 2d72 6573 6375 650a 2020 u-hurd-rescue. \n-00024190: 2020 204f 7468 6572 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 Other platfor\n-000241a0: 6d73 202d 2d69 643d 6f74 6865 720a 2020 ms --id=other. \n-000241b0: 2020 2020 204d 696e 6978 202d 2d69 643d Minix --id=\n-000241c0: 6d69 6e69 780a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2056 minix. V\n-000241d0: 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 2e34 2e30 202d 2d69 ersion 3.4.0 --i\n-000241e0: 643d 6d69 6e69 782d 332e 342e 300a 2020 d=minix-3.4.0. \n-000241f0: 2020 2020 2020 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 Version 3\n-00024200: 2e33 2e30 202d 2d69 643d 6d69 6e69 782d .3.0 --id=minix-\n-00024210: 332e 332e 300a 2020 2020 2020 2047 5255 3.3.0. GRU\n-00024220: 4220 496e 7661 6465 7273 202d 2d69 643d B Invaders --id=\n-00024230: 6772 7562 2d69 6e76 6164 6572 730a 0a20 grub-invaders.. \n-00024240: 2020 5468 6520 6d6f 7265 2072 6563 656e The more recen\n-00024250: 7420 7265 6c65 6173 6520 6f66 204d 696e t release of Min\n-00024260: 6978 2077 6f75 6c64 2074 6865 6e20 6265 ix would then be\n-00024270: 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 6420 6173 20e2 identified as .\n-00024280: 8098 4f74 6865 720a 706c 6174 666f 726d ..Other.platform\n-00024290: 733e 4d69 6e69 783e 5665 7273 696f 6e20 s>Minix>Version \n-000242a0: 332e 342e 30e2 8099 2c20 6f72 2061 7320 3.4.0..., or as \n-000242b0: e280 9831 3e30 3e30 e280 992c 206f 7220 ...1>0>0..., or \n-000242c0: 6173 0ae2 8098 6f74 6865 723e 6d69 6e69 as....other>mini\n-000242d0: 783e 6d69 6e69 782d 332e 342e 30e2 8099 x>minix-3.4.0...\n-000242e0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 ... This varia\n-000242f0: 626c 6520 6973 206f 6674 656e 2073 6574 ble is often set\n-00024300: 2062 7920 e280 9847 5255 425f 4445 4641 by ...GRUB_DEFA\n-00024310: 554c 54e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 ULT... (*note Si\n-00024320: 6d70 6c65 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 mple.configurati\n-00024330: 6f6e 3a3a 292c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d73 on::), ...grub-s\n-00024340: 6574 2d64 6566 6175 6c74 e280 992c 206f et-default..., o\n-00024350: 7220 e280 9867 7275 622d 7265 626f 6f74 r ...grub-reboot\n-00024360: e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ........File: gr\n-00024370: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00024380: 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 2c20 204e 6578 743a fallback, Next:\n-00024390: 2067 6678 6d6f 6465 2c20 2050 7265 763a gfxmode, Prev:\n-000243a0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2c20 2055 703a 2053 default, Up: S\n-000243b0: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n-000243c0: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n-000243d0: 2e31 2e31 3120 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 0a2d .1.11 fallback.-\n-000243e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-000243f0: 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c .If this variabl\n-00024400: 6520 6973 2073 6574 2c20 6974 2069 6465 e is set, it ide\n-00024410: 6e74 6966 6965 7320 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 ntifies a menu e\n-00024420: 6e74 7279 2074 6861 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 ntry that should\n-00024430: 2062 650a 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2069 6620 be.selected if \n-00024440: 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6d65 6e75 the default menu\n-00024450: 2065 6e74 7279 2066 6169 6c73 2074 6f20 entry fails to \n-00024460: 626f 6f74 2e20 2045 6e74 7269 6573 2061 boot. Entries a\n-00024470: 7265 0a69 6465 6e74 6966 6965 6420 696e re.identified in\n-00024480: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7761 7920 6173 the same way as\n-00024490: 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 6465 6661 756c 74e2 for ...default.\n-000244a0: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6465 6661 756c .. (*note defaul\n-000244b0: 743a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 t::).....File: g\n-000244c0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-000244d0: 2067 6678 6d6f 6465 2c20 204e 6578 743a gfxmode, Next:\n-000244e0: 2067 6678 7061 796c 6f61 642c 2020 5072 gfxpayload, Pr\n-000244f0: 6576 3a20 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 2c20 2055 ev: fallback, U\n-00024500: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n-00024510: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-00024520: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3220 6766 786d 6f64 ..15.1.12 gfxmod\n-00024530: 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d e.--------------\n-00024540: 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 -..If this varia\n-00024550: 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2c20 6974 2073 ble is set, it s\n-00024560: 6574 7320 7468 6520 7265 736f 6c75 7469 ets the resoluti\n-00024570: 6f6e 2075 7365 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 20e2 on used on the .\n-00024580: 8098 6766 7874 6572 6de2 8099 0a67 7261 ..gfxterm....gra\n-00024590: 7068 6963 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e phical terminal.\n-000245a0: 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 796f 7520 Note that you \n-000245b0: 6361 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 206d 6f64 can only use mod\n-000245c0: 6573 2077 6869 6368 2079 6f75 720a 6772 es which your.gr\n-000245d0: 6170 6869 6373 2063 6172 6420 7375 7070 aphics card supp\n-000245e0: 6f72 7473 2076 6961 2056 4553 4120 4249 orts via VESA BI\n-000245f0: 4f53 2045 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 7320 2856 OS Extensions (V\n-00024600: 4245 292c 2073 6f20 666f 7220 6578 616d BE), so for exam\n-00024610: 706c 650a 6e61 7469 7665 204c 4344 2070 ple.native LCD p\n-00024620: 616e 656c 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e73 anel resolutions\n-00024630: 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6176 6169 may not be avai\n-00024640: 6c61 626c 652e 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 lable. The defa\n-00024650: 756c 7420 6973 0ae2 8098 6175 746f e280 ult is....auto..\n-00024660: 992c 2077 6869 6368 2073 656c 6563 7473 ., which selects\n-00024670: 2061 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 6563 a platform-spec\n-00024680: 6966 6963 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2074 6861 ific default tha\n-00024690: 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 206c 6f6f 6b0a 7265 t should look.re\n-000246a0: 6173 6f6e 6162 6c65 2e20 2053 7570 706f asonable. Suppo\n-000246b0: 7274 6564 206d 6f64 6573 2063 616e 2062 rted modes can b\n-000246c0: 6520 6c69 7374 6564 2062 7920 e280 9876 e listed by ...v\n-000246d0: 6964 656f 696e 666f e280 9920 636f 6d6d ideoinfo... comm\n-000246e0: 616e 6420 696e 0a47 5255 422e 0a0a 2020 and in.GRUB... \n-000246f0: 2054 6865 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e20 The resolution \n-00024700: 6d61 7920 6265 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 may be specified\n-00024710: 2061 7320 6120 7365 7175 656e 6365 206f as a sequence o\n-00024720: 6620 6f6e 6520 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 6d6f f one or more mo\n-00024730: 6465 732c 0a73 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 des,.separated b\n-00024740: 7920 636f 6d6d 6173 2028 e280 982c e280 y commas (...,..\n-00024750: 9929 206f 7220 7365 6d69 636f 6c6f 6e73 .) or semicolons\n-00024760: 2028 e280 983b e280 9929 3b20 6561 6368 (...;...); each\n-00024770: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2074 7269 6564 2069 will be tried i\n-00024780: 6e0a 7475 726e 2075 6e74 696c 206f 6e65 n.turn until one\n-00024790: 2069 7320 666f 756e 642e 2020 4561 6368 is found. Each\n-000247a0: 206d 6f64 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 mode should be \n-000247b0: 6569 7468 6572 20e2 8098 6175 746f e280 either ...auto..\n-000247c0: 992c 0ae2 8098 5749 4454 4878 4845 4947 .,....WIDTHxHEIG\n-000247d0: 4854 e280 992c 206f 7220 e280 9857 4944 HT..., or ...WID\n-000247e0: 5448 7848 4549 4748 5478 4445 5054 48e2 THxHEIGHTxDEPTH.\n-000247f0: 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 .......File: gru\n-00024800: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2067 b.info, Node: g\n-00024810: 6678 7061 796c 6f61 642c 2020 4e65 7874 fxpayload, Next\n-00024820: 3a20 6766 7874 6572 6d5f 666f 6e74 2c20 : gfxterm_font, \n-00024830: 2050 7265 763a 2067 6678 6d6f 6465 2c20 Prev: gfxmode, \n-00024840: 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 Up: Special env\n-00024850: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-00024860: 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3320 6766 7870 es..15.1.13 gfxp\n-00024870: 6179 6c6f 6164 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ayload.---------\n-00024880: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 ---------..If th\n-00024890: 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 is variable is s\n-000248a0: 6574 2c20 6974 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 7320 et, it controls \n-000248b0: 7468 6520 7669 6465 6f20 6d6f 6465 2069 the video mode i\n-000248c0: 6e20 7768 6963 6820 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 n which the Linu\n-000248d0: 780a 6b65 726e 656c 2073 7461 7274 7320 x.kernel starts \n-000248e0: 7570 2c20 7265 706c 6163 696e 6720 7468 up, replacing th\n-000248f0: 6520 e280 9876 6761 3de2 8099 2062 6f6f e ...vga=... boo\n-00024900: 7420 6f70 7469 6f6e 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 t option (*note \n-00024910: 6c69 6e75 783a 3a29 2e20 2049 740a 6d61 linux::). It.ma\n-00024920: 7920 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9874 y be set to ...t\n-00024930: 6578 74e2 8099 2074 6f20 666f 7263 6520 ext... to force \n-00024940: 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c the Linux kernel\n-00024950: 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2069 6e20 6e6f 726d to boot in norm\n-00024960: 616c 2074 6578 740a 6d6f 6465 2c20 e280 al text.mode, ..\n-00024970: 986b 6565 70e2 8099 2074 6f20 7072 6573 .keep... to pres\n-00024980: 6572 7665 2074 6865 2067 7261 7068 6963 erve the graphic\n-00024990: 7320 6d6f 6465 2073 6574 2075 7369 6e67 s mode set using\n-000249a0: 20e2 8098 6766 786d 6f64 65e2 8099 2c20 ...gfxmode..., \n-000249b0: 6f72 2061 6e79 0a6f 6620 7468 6520 7065 or any.of the pe\n-000249c0: 726d 6974 7465 6420 7661 6c75 6573 2066 rmitted values f\n-000249d0: 6f72 20e2 8098 6766 786d 6f64 65e2 8099 or ...gfxmode...\n-000249e0: 2074 6f20 7365 7420 6120 7061 7274 6963 to set a partic\n-000249f0: 756c 6172 2067 7261 7068 6963 7320 6d6f ular graphics mo\n-00024a00: 6465 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 6766 786d 6f64 de.(*note gfxmod\n-00024a10: 653a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 4465 7065 6e64 e::)... Depend\n-00024a20: 696e 6720 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 6b65 726e ing on your kern\n-00024a30: 656c 2c20 796f 7572 2064 6973 7472 6962 el, your distrib\n-00024a40: 7574 696f 6e2c 2079 6f75 7220 6772 6170 ution, your grap\n-00024a50: 6869 6373 2063 6172 642c 2061 6e64 0a74 hics card, and.t\n-00024a60: 6865 2070 6861 7365 206f 6620 7468 6520 he phase of the \n-00024a70: 6d6f 6f6e 2c20 6e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 moon, note that \n-00024a80: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f using this optio\n-00024a90: 6e20 6d61 7920 6361 7573 6520 474e 552f n may cause GNU/\n-00024aa0: 4c69 6e75 780a 746f 2073 7566 6665 7220 Linux.to suffer \n-00024ab0: 6672 6f6d 2076 6172 696f 7573 2064 6973 from various dis\n-00024ac0: 706c 6179 2070 726f 626c 656d 732c 2070 play problems, p\n-00024ad0: 6172 7469 6375 6c61 726c 7920 6475 7269 articularly duri\n-00024ae0: 6e67 2074 6865 2065 6172 6c79 0a70 6172 ng the early.par\n-00024af0: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 7365 t of the boot se\n-00024b00: 7175 656e 6365 2e20 2049 6620 796f 7520 quence. If you \n-00024b10: 6861 7665 2070 726f 626c 656d 732c 2073 have problems, s\n-00024b20: 6574 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 et this variable\n-00024b30: 2074 6f0a e280 9874 6578 74e2 8099 2061 to....text... a\n-00024b40: 6e64 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2074 656c nd GRUB will tel\n-00024b50: 6c20 4c69 6e75 7820 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 l Linux to boot \n-00024b60: 696e 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 7465 7874 206d in normal text m\n-00024b70: 6f64 652e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 ode... The def\n-00024b80: 6175 6c74 2069 7320 706c 6174 666f 726d ault is platform\n-00024b90: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 632e 2020 4f6e 2070 -specific. On p\n-00024ba0: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2077 6974 6820 6120 latforms with a \n-00024bb0: 6e61 7469 7665 2074 6578 740a 6d6f 6465 native text.mode\n-00024bc0: 2028 7375 6368 2061 7320 5043 2042 494f (such as PC BIO\n-00024bd0: 5320 706c 6174 666f 726d 7329 2c20 7468 S platforms), th\n-00024be0: 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 20e2 8098 e default is ...\n-00024bf0: 7465 7874 e280 992e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 text.... Otherw\n-00024c00: 6973 6520 7468 650a 6465 6661 756c 7420 ise the.default \n-00024c10: 6d61 7920 6265 20e2 8098 6175 746f e280 may be ...auto..\n-00024c20: 9920 6f72 2061 2073 7065 6369 6669 6320 . or a specific \n-00024c30: 7669 6465 6f20 6d6f 6465 2e0a 0a20 2020 video mode... \n-00024c40: 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 This variable is\n-00024c50: 206f 6674 656e 2073 6574 2062 7920 e280 often set by ..\n-00024c60: 9847 5255 425f 4746 5850 4159 4c4f 4144 .GRUB_GFXPAYLOAD\n-00024c70: 5f4c 494e 5558 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 _LINUX... (*note\n-00024c80: 2053 696d 706c 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 Simple.configur\n-00024c90: 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ation::).....Fil\n-00024ca0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00024cb0: 6f64 653a 2067 6678 7465 726d 5f66 6f6e ode: gfxterm_fon\n-00024cc0: 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6772 7562 5f63 t, Next: grub_c\n-00024cd0: 7075 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2067 6678 7061 pu, Prev: gfxpa\n-00024ce0: 796c 6f61 642c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 yload, Up: Spec\n-00024cf0: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n-00024d00: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n-00024d10: 3134 2067 6678 7465 726d 5f66 6f6e 740a 14 gfxterm_font.\n-00024d20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00024d30: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 ----..If this va\n-00024d40: 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 riable is set, i\n-00024d50: 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 6120 666f 6e74 2074 t names a font t\n-00024d60: 6f20 7573 6520 666f 7220 7465 7874 206f o use for text o\n-00024d70: 6e20 7468 650a e280 9867 6678 7465 726d n the....gfxterm\n-00024d80: e280 9920 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c20 7465 ... graphical te\n-00024d90: 726d 696e 616c 2e20 204f 7468 6572 7769 rminal. Otherwi\n-00024da0: 7365 2c20 e280 9867 6678 7465 726d e280 se, ...gfxterm..\n-00024db0: 9920 6d61 7920 7573 6520 616e 790a 6176 . may use any.av\n-00024dc0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 666f 6e74 2e0a 0a1f ailable font....\n-00024dd0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00024de0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2067 7275 625f 6370 , Node: grub_cp\n-00024df0: 752c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6772 7562 5f70 u, Next: grub_p\n-00024e00: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 latform, Prev: \n-00024e10: 6766 7874 6572 6d5f 666f 6e74 2c20 2055 gfxterm_font, U\n-00024e20: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n-00024e30: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-00024e40: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3520 6772 7562 5f63 ..15.1.15 grub_c\n-00024e50: 7075 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d pu.-------------\n-00024e60: 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6e20 6e6f 726d 616c 206d ---..In normal m\n-00024e70: 6f64 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 206e 6f72 6d61 ode (*note norma\n-00024e80: 6c3a 3a29 2c20 4752 5542 2073 6574 7320 l::), GRUB sets \n-00024e90: 7468 6520 e280 9867 7275 625f 6370 75e2 the ...grub_cpu.\n-00024ea0: 8099 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 746f 0a74 .. variable to.t\n-00024eb0: 6865 2043 5055 2074 7970 6520 666f 7220 he CPU type for \n-00024ec0: 7768 6963 6820 4752 5542 2077 6173 2062 which GRUB was b\n-00024ed0: 7569 6c74 2028 652e 672e 2020 e280 9869 uilt (e.g. ...i\n-00024ee0: 3338 36e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9870 6f77 386... or ...pow\n-00024ef0: 6572 7063 e280 9929 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c erpc...).....Fil\n-00024f00: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00024f10: 6f64 653a 2067 7275 625f 706c 6174 666f ode: grub_platfo\n-00024f20: 726d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2069 636f 6e64 rm, Next: icond\n-00024f30: 6972 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2067 7275 625f ir, Prev: grub_\n-00024f40: 6370 752c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 cpu, Up: Specia\n-00024f50: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n-00024f60: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3136 riables..15.1.16\n-00024f70: 2067 7275 625f 706c 6174 666f 726d 0a2d grub_platform.-\n-00024f80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00024f90: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 496e 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 ----..In normal \n-00024fa0: 6d6f 6465 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e6f 726d mode (*note norm\n-00024fb0: 616c 3a3a 292c 2047 5255 4220 7365 7473 al::), GRUB sets\n-00024fc0: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6772 7562 5f70 6c61 the ...grub_pla\n-00024fd0: 7466 6f72 6de2 8099 2076 6172 6961 626c tform... variabl\n-00024fe0: 650a 746f 2074 6865 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 e.to the platfor\n-00024ff0: 6d20 666f 7220 7768 6963 6820 4752 5542 m for which GRUB\n-00025000: 2077 6173 2062 7569 6c74 2028 652e 672e was built (e.g.\n-00025010: 2020 e280 9870 63e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 ...pc... or ..\n-00025020: 9865 6669 e280 9929 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c .efi...).....Fil\n-00025030: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00025040: 6f64 653a 2069 636f 6e64 6972 2c20 204e ode: icondir, N\n-00025050: 6578 743a 206c 616e 672c 2020 5072 6576 ext: lang, Prev\n-00025060: 3a20 6772 7562 5f70 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2c : grub_platform,\n-00025070: 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e Up: Special en\n-00025080: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n-00025090: 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3137 2069 636f les..15.1.17 ico\n-000250a0: 6e64 6972 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ndir.-----------\n-000250b0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 ----..If this va\n-000250c0: 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 riable is set, i\n-000250d0: 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 6120 6469 7265 6374 t names a direct\n-000250e0: 6f72 7920 696e 2077 6869 6368 2074 6865 ory in which the\n-000250f0: 2047 5255 420a 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c20 GRUB.graphical \n-00025100: 6d65 6e75 2073 686f 756c 6420 6c6f 6f6b menu should look\n-00025110: 2066 6f72 2069 636f 6e73 2061 6674 6572 for icons after\n-00025120: 206c 6f6f 6b69 6e67 2069 6e20 7468 6520 looking in the \n-00025130: 7468 656d 6527 730a e280 9869 636f 6e73 theme's....icons\n-00025140: e280 9920 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792e 2020 ... directory. \n-00025150: 2a4e 6f74 6520 5468 656d 6520 6669 6c65 *Note Theme file\n-00025160: 2066 6f72 6d61 743a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 format::.....Fi\n-00025170: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00025180: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c61 6e67 2c20 204e 6578 Node: lang, Nex\n-00025190: 743a 206c 6f63 616c 655f 6469 722c 2020 t: locale_dir, \n-000251a0: 5072 6576 3a20 6963 6f6e 6469 722c 2020 Prev: icondir, \n-000251b0: 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 Up: Special envi\n-000251c0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n-000251d0: 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3138 206c 616e 670a s..15.1.18 lang.\n-000251e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 ------------..If\n-000251f0: 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 this variable i\n-00025200: 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 s set, it names \n-00025210: 7468 6520 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 2063 6f64 the language cod\n-00025220: 6520 7468 6174 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6765 e that the ...ge\n-00025230: 7474 6578 74e2 8099 0a63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ttext....command\n-00025240: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6765 7474 6578 743a (*note gettext:\n-00025250: 3a29 2075 7365 7320 746f 2074 7261 6e73 :) uses to trans\n-00025260: 6c61 7465 2073 7472 696e 6773 2e20 2046 late strings. F\n-00025270: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c0a 4672 656e or example,.Fren\n-00025280: 6368 2077 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6e61 6d65 ch would be name\n-00025290: 6420 6173 20e2 8098 6672 e280 992c 2061 d as ...fr..., a\n-000252a0: 6e64 2053 696d 706c 6966 6965 6420 4368 nd Simplified Ch\n-000252b0: 696e 6573 6520 6173 20e2 8098 7a68 5f43 inese as ...zh_C\n-000252c0: 4ee2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 N...... ...gru\n-000252d0: 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 282a b-mkconfig... (*\n-000252e0: 6e6f 7465 2053 696d 706c 6520 636f 6e66 note Simple conf\n-000252f0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2077 696c iguration::) wil\n-00025300: 6c20 7472 7920 746f 2073 6574 2061 0a72 l try to set a.r\n-00025310: 6561 736f 6e61 626c 6520 6465 6661 756c easonable defaul\n-00025320: 7420 666f 7220 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 t for this varia\n-00025330: 626c 6520 6261 7365 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 ble based on the\n-00025340: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6c6f 6361 6c65 2e0a system locale..\n-00025350: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00025360: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206c 6f63 616c fo, Node: local\n-00025370: 655f 6469 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c6f e_dir, Next: lo\n-00025380: 636b 646f 776e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c ckdown, Prev: l\n-00025390: 616e 672c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 ang, Up: Specia\n-000253a0: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n-000253b0: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3139 riables..15.1.19\n-000253c0: 206c 6f63 616c 655f 6469 720a 2d2d 2d2d locale_dir.----\n-000253d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-000253e0: 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 If this variable\n-000253f0: 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 6e61 6d65 is set, it name\n-00025400: 7320 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 s the directory \n-00025410: 7768 6572 6520 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f where translatio\n-00025420: 6e20 6669 6c65 730a 6d61 7920 6265 2066 n files.may be f\n-00025430: 6f75 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6765 7474 ound (*note gett\n-00025440: 6578 743a 3a29 2c20 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 ext::), usually \n-00025450: e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6c6f .../boot/grub/lo\n-00025460: 6361 6c65 e280 992e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 cale.... Otherw\n-00025470: 6973 652c 0a69 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e ise,.internation\n-00025480: 616c 697a 6174 696f 6e20 6973 2064 6973 alization is dis\n-00025490: 6162 6c65 642e 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 6772 abled... ...gr\n-000254a0: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2028 ub-mkconfig... (\n-000254b0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e *note Simple con\n-000254c0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2920 7769 figuration::) wi\n-000254d0: 6c6c 2073 6574 2061 2072 6561 736f 6e61 ll set a reasona\n-000254e0: 626c 650a 6465 6661 756c 7420 666f 7220 ble.default for \n-000254f0: 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6966 this variable if\n-00025500: 2069 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c 697a internationaliz\n-00025510: 6174 696f 6e20 6973 206e 6565 6465 6420 ation is needed \n-00025520: 616e 6420 616e 790a 7472 616e 736c 6174 and any.translat\n-00025530: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 6172 6520 6176 ion files are av\n-00025540: 6169 6c61 626c 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 ailable.....File\n-00025550: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00025560: 6465 3a20 6c6f 636b 646f 776e 2c20 204e de: lockdown, N\n-00025570: 6578 743a 206d 656e 755f 636f 6c6f 725f ext: menu_color_\n-00025580: 6869 6768 6c69 6768 742c 2020 5072 6576 highlight, Prev\n-00025590: 3a20 6c6f 6361 6c65 5f64 6972 2c20 2055 : locale_dir, U\n-000255a0: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n-000255b0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-000255c0: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 3020 6c6f 636b 646f ..15.1.20 lockdo\n-000255d0: 776e 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d wn.-------------\n-000255e0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 ---..If this var\n-000255f0: 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 iable is set to \n-00025600: e280 9879 e280 992c 2069 7420 6d65 616e ...y..., it mean\n-00025610: 7320 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 6861 7320 s that GRUB has \n-00025620: 656e 7465 7265 6420 2a6e 6f74 650a 4c6f entered *note.Lo\n-00025630: 636b 646f 776e 3a3a 206d 6f64 652e 0a0a ckdown:: mode...\n-00025640: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00025650: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6d65 6e75 5f63 o, Node: menu_c\n-00025660: 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 2c20 olor_highlight, \n-00025670: 204e 6578 743a 206d 656e 755f 636f 6c6f Next: menu_colo\n-00025680: 725f 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 2050 7265 763a r_normal, Prev:\n-00025690: 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 lockdown, Up: \n-000256a0: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n-000256b0: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n-000256c0: 352e 312e 3231 206d 656e 755f 636f 6c6f 5.1.21 menu_colo\n-000256d0: 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 740a 2d2d 2d2d r_highlight.----\n+00022430: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00022440: 0a0a 5468 6573 6520 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ..These variable\n+00022450: 7320 6861 7665 2073 7065 6369 616c 206d s have special m\n+00022460: 6561 6e69 6e67 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2e0a eaning to GRUB..\n+00022470: 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 6269 6f73 .* Menu:..* bios\n+00022480: 6e75 6d3a 3a0a 2a20 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 num::.* check_si\n+00022490: 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 0a2a 2063 686f gnatures::.* cho\n+000224a0: 7365 6e3a 3a0a 2a20 636d 6470 6174 683a sen::.* cmdpath:\n+000224b0: 3a0a 2a20 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 :.* color_highli\n+000224c0: 6768 743a 3a0a 2a20 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f ght::.* color_no\n+000224d0: 726d 616c 3a3a 0a2a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f rmal::.* config_\n+000224e0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793a 3a0a 2a20 636f directory::.* co\n+000224f0: 6e66 6967 5f66 696c 653a 3a0a 2a20 6465 nfig_file::.* de\n+00022500: 6275 673a 3a0a 2a20 6465 6661 756c 743a bug::.* default:\n+00022510: 3a0a 2a20 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 3a3a 0a2a :.* fallback::.*\n+00022520: 2067 6678 6d6f 6465 3a3a 0a2a 2067 6678 gfxmode::.* gfx\n+00022530: 7061 796c 6f61 643a 3a0a 2a20 6766 7874 payload::.* gfxt\n+00022540: 6572 6d5f 666f 6e74 3a3a 0a2a 2067 7275 erm_font::.* gru\n+00022550: 625f 6370 753a 3a0a 2a20 6772 7562 5f70 b_cpu::.* grub_p\n+00022560: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d3a 3a0a 2a20 6963 6f6e latform::.* icon\n+00022570: 6469 723a 3a0a 2a20 6c61 6e67 3a3a 0a2a dir::.* lang::.*\n+00022580: 206c 6f63 616c 655f 6469 723a 3a0a 2a20 locale_dir::.* \n+00022590: 6c6f 636b 646f 776e 3a3a 0a2a 206d 656e lockdown::.* men\n+000225a0: 755f 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 u_color_highligh\n+000225b0: 743a 3a0a 2a20 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 t::.* menu_color\n+000225c0: 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 745f _normal::.* net_\n+000225d0: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 626f 6f74 _boot\n+000225e0: 5f66 696c 653a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 745f 3c49 _file::.* net__client\n+00022600: 6964 3a3a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 id::.* net__clientuui\n+00022620: 643a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 d::.* net__dhcp_serve\n+00022640: 725f 6e61 6d65 3a3a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f3c r_name::.* net_<\n+00022650: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f64 6f6d 6169 INTERFACE>_domai\n+00022660: 6e3a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 n::.* net__extensions\n+00022680: 7061 7468 3a3a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e path::.* net__hostnam\n+000226a0: 653a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 e::.* net__ip::.* net\n+000226c0: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6d 6163 __mac\n+000226d0: 3a3a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ::.* net__next_server\n+000226f0: 3a3a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ::.* net__rootpath::.\n+00022710: 2a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 696e * net_default_in\n+00022720: 7465 7266 6163 653a 3a0a 2a20 6e65 745f terface::.* net_\n+00022730: 6465 6661 756c 745f 6970 3a3a 0a2a 206e default_ip::.* n\n+00022740: 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 3a3a et_default_mac::\n+00022750: 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 .* net_default_s\n+00022760: 6572 7665 723a 3a0a 2a20 7061 6765 723a erver::.* pager:\n+00022770: 3a0a 2a20 7072 6566 6978 3a3a 0a2a 2070 :.* prefix::.* p\n+00022780: 7865 5f62 6c6b 7369 7a65 3a3a 0a2a 2070 xe_blksize::.* p\n+00022790: 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f67 6174 6577 xe_default_gatew\n+000227a0: 6179 3a3a 0a2a 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 ay::.* pxe_defau\n+000227b0: 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 723a 3a0a 2a20 726f lt_server::.* ro\n+000227c0: 6f74 3a3a 0a2a 2073 6869 6d5f 6c6f 636b ot::.* shim_lock\n+000227d0: 3a3a 0a2a 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 733a ::.* superusers:\n+000227e0: 3a0a 2a20 7468 656d 653a 3a0a 2a20 7469 :.* theme::.* ti\n+000227f0: 6d65 6f75 743a 3a0a 2a20 7469 6d65 6f75 meout::.* timeou\n+00022800: 745f 7374 796c 653a 3a0a 2a20 7470 6d5f t_style::.* tpm_\n+00022810: 6661 696c 5f66 6174 616c 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a fail_fatal::....\n+00022820: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+00022830: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6269 6f73 6e75 6d2c Node: biosnum,\n+00022840: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 Next: check_si\n+00022850: 676e 6174 7572 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 gnatures, Up: S\n+00022860: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n+00022870: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n+00022880: 2e31 2e31 2062 696f 736e 756d 0a2d 2d2d .1.1 biosnum.---\n+00022890: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a57 6865 -----------..Whe\n+000228a0: 6e20 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 n chain-loading \n+000228b0: 616e 6f74 6865 7220 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 another boot loa\n+000228c0: 6465 7220 282a 6e6f 7465 2043 6861 696e der (*note Chain\n+000228d0: 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 3a3a 292c 2047 5255 -loading::), GRU\n+000228e0: 4220 6d61 790a 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6b6e B may.need to kn\n+000228f0: 6f77 2077 6861 7420 4249 4f53 2064 7269 ow what BIOS dri\n+00022900: 7665 206e 756d 6265 7220 636f 7272 6573 ve number corres\n+00022910: 706f 6e64 7320 746f 2074 6865 2072 6f6f ponds to the roo\n+00022920: 7420 6465 7669 6365 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 t device.(*note \n+00022930: 726f 6f74 3a3a 2920 736f 2074 6861 7420 root::) so that \n+00022940: 6974 2063 616e 2073 6574 2075 7020 7265 it can set up re\n+00022950: 6769 7374 6572 7320 7072 6f70 6572 6c79 gisters properly\n+00022960: 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 4249 4f53 4e55 . If the BIOSNU\n+00022970: 4d0a 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 M.variable is se\n+00022980: 742c 2069 7420 6f76 6572 7269 6465 7320 t, it overrides \n+00022990: 4752 5542 2773 206f 776e 206d 6561 6e73 GRUB's own means\n+000229a0: 206f 6620 6775 6573 7369 6e67 2074 6869 of guessing thi\n+000229b0: 732e 0a0a 2020 2046 6f72 2061 6e20 616c s... For an al\n+000229c0: 7465 726e 6174 6976 6520 6170 7072 6f61 ternative approa\n+000229d0: 6368 2077 6869 6368 2061 6c73 6f20 6368 ch which also ch\n+000229e0: 616e 6765 7320 4249 4f53 2064 7269 7665 anges BIOS drive\n+000229f0: 206d 6170 7069 6e67 730a 666f 7220 7468 mappings.for th\n+00022a00: 6520 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 6564 2073 e chain-loaded s\n+00022a10: 7973 7465 6d2c 202a 6e6f 7465 2064 7269 ystem, *note dri\n+00022a20: 7665 6d61 703a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 vemap::.....File\n+00022a30: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00022a40: 6465 3a20 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 de: check_signat\n+00022a50: 7572 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 686f ures, Next: cho\n+00022a60: 7365 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6269 6f73 sen, Prev: bios\n+00022a70: 6e75 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 num, Up: Specia\n+00022a80: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n+00022a90: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3220 riables..15.1.2 \n+00022aa0: 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 check_signatures\n+00022ab0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+00022ac0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 --------..This v\n+00022ad0: 6172 6961 626c 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c73 ariable controls\n+00022ae0: 2077 6865 7468 6572 2047 5255 4220 656e whether GRUB en\n+00022af0: 666f 7263 6573 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 forces digital s\n+00022b00: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 0a76 616c 6964 6174 ignature.validat\n+00022b10: 696f 6e20 6f6e 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6669 ion on loaded fi\n+00022b20: 6c65 732e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5573 696e les. *Note Usin\n+00022b30: 6720 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 g digital signat\n+00022b40: 7572 6573 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ures::.....File:\n+00022b50: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00022b60: 653a 2063 686f 7365 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 e: chosen, Next\n+00022b70: 3a20 636d 6470 6174 682c 2020 5072 6576 : cmdpath, Prev\n+00022b80: 3a20 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 : check_signatur\n+00022b90: 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c es, Up: Special\n+00022ba0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+00022bb0: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 2063 iables..15.1.3 c\n+00022bc0: 686f 7365 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d hosen.----------\n+00022bd0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a57 6865 6e20 6578 6563 7574 ---..When execut\n+00022be0: 696e 6720 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 ing a menu entry\n+00022bf0: 2c20 4752 5542 2073 6574 7320 7468 6520 , GRUB sets the \n+00022c00: 4348 4f53 454e 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 CHOSEN variable \n+00022c10: 746f 2074 6865 2074 6974 6c65 0a6f 6620 to the title.of \n+00022c20: 7468 6520 656e 7472 7920 6265 696e 6720 the entry being \n+00022c30: 6578 6563 7574 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 executed... If\n+00022c40: 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 the menu entry \n+00022c50: 6973 2069 6e20 6f6e 6520 6f72 206d 6f72 is in one or mor\n+00022c60: 6520 7375 626d 656e 7573 2c20 7468 656e e submenus, then\n+00022c70: 2043 484f 5345 4e20 6973 2073 6574 2074 CHOSEN is set t\n+00022c80: 6f0a 7468 6520 7469 746c 6573 206f 6620 o.the titles of \n+00022c90: 6561 6368 206f 6620 7468 6520 7375 626d each of the subm\n+00022ca0: 656e 7573 2073 7461 7274 696e 6720 6672 enus starting fr\n+00022cb0: 6f6d 2074 6865 2074 6f70 206c 6576 656c om the top level\n+00022cc0: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 640a 6279 2074 6865 followed.by the\n+00022cd0: 2074 6974 6c65 206f 6620 7468 6520 6d65 title of the me\n+00022ce0: 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2069 7473 656c 662c nu entry itself,\n+00022cf0: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 e280 separated by ..\n+00022d00: 983e e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 .>........File: \n+00022d10: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00022d20: 3a20 636d 6470 6174 682c 2020 4e65 7874 : cmdpath, Next\n+00022d30: 3a20 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 : color_highligh\n+00022d40: 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6368 6f73 656e t, Prev: chosen\n+00022d50: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n+00022d60: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+00022d70: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 2063 6d64 bles..15.1.4 cmd\n+00022d80: 7061 7468 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d path.-----------\n+00022d90: 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 206c 6f63 6174 696f ---..The locatio\n+00022da0: 6e20 6672 6f6d 2077 6869 6368 20e2 8098 n from which ...\n+00022db0: 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 7761 7320 core.img... was \n+00022dc0: 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 7320 616e 2061 6273 loaded as an abs\n+00022dd0: 6f6c 7574 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 790a olute directory.\n+00022de0: 6e61 6d65 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4669 6c65 name (*note File\n+00022df0: 206e 616d 6520 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 292e name syntax::).\n+00022e00: 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 7365 7420 6279 This is set by\n+00022e10: 2047 5255 4220 6174 2073 7461 7274 7570 GRUB at startup\n+00022e20: 2062 6173 6564 0a6f 6e20 696e 666f 726d based.on inform\n+00022e30: 6174 696f 6e20 7265 7475 726e 6564 2062 ation returned b\n+00022e40: 7920 706c 6174 666f 726d 2066 6972 6d77 y platform firmw\n+00022e50: 6172 652e 2020 4e6f 7420 6576 6572 7920 are. Not every \n+00022e60: 706c 6174 666f 726d 0a70 726f 7669 6465 platform.provide\n+00022e70: 7320 7468 6973 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 s this informati\n+00022e80: 6f6e 2061 6e64 2073 6f6d 6520 6d61 7920 on and some may \n+00022e90: 7265 7475 726e 206f 6e6c 7920 6465 7669 return only devi\n+00022ea0: 6365 2077 6974 686f 7574 2070 6174 680a ce without path.\n+00022eb0: 6e61 6d65 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 name.....File: g\n+00022ec0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00022ed0: 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 color_highlight\n+00022ee0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f6e , Next: color_n\n+00022ef0: 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636d ormal, Prev: cm\n+00022f00: 6470 6174 682c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 dpath, Up: Spec\n+00022f10: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n+00022f20: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n+00022f30: 3520 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 5 color_highligh\n+00022f40: 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d t.--------------\n+00022f50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 --------..This v\n+00022f60: 6172 6961 626c 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 ariable contains\n+00022f70: 2074 6865 2022 6869 6768 6c69 6768 7422 the \"highlight\"\n+00022f80: 2066 6f72 6567 726f 756e 6420 616e 6420 foreground and \n+00022f90: 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 0a74 6572 6d69 background.termi\n+00022fa0: 6e61 6c20 636f 6c6f 7273 2c20 7365 7061 nal colors, sepa\n+00022fb0: 7261 7465 6420 6279 2061 2073 6c61 7368 rated by a slash\n+00022fc0: 2028 e280 982f e280 9929 2e20 2053 6574 (.../...). Set\n+00022fd0: 7469 6e67 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 ting this variab\n+00022fe0: 6c65 0a63 6861 6e67 6573 2074 686f 7365 le.changes those\n+00022ff0: 2063 6f6c 6f72 732e 2020 466f 7220 7468 colors. For th\n+00023000: 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 636f 6c6f e available colo\n+00023010: 7220 6e61 6d65 732c 202a 6e6f 7465 0a63 r names, *note.c\n+00023020: 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a2e 0a0a olor_normal::...\n+00023030: 2020 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 The default i\n+00023040: 7320 e280 9862 6c61 636b 2f6c 6967 6874 s ...black/light\n+00023050: 2d67 7261 79e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c -gray........Fil\n+00023060: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00023070: 6f64 653a 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 ode: color_norma\n+00023080: 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 l, Next: config\n+00023090: 5f64 6972 6563 746f 7279 2c20 2050 7265 _directory, Pre\n+000230a0: 763a 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 v: color_highlig\n+000230b0: 6874 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c ht, Up: Special\n+000230c0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+000230d0: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e36 2063 iables..15.1.6 c\n+000230e0: 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c0a 2d2d 2d2d olor_normal.----\n+000230f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00023100: 0a54 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 .This variable c\n+00023110: 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7468 6520 226e 6f72 ontains the \"nor\n+00023120: 6d61 6c22 2066 6f72 6567 726f 756e 6420 mal\" foreground \n+00023130: 616e 6420 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2074 and background t\n+00023140: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c0a 636f 6c6f 7273 2c20 erminal.colors, \n+00023150: 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2061 2073 separated by a s\n+00023160: 6c61 7368 2028 e280 982f e280 9929 2e20 lash (.../...). \n+00023170: 2053 6574 7469 6e67 2074 6869 7320 7661 Setting this va\n+00023180: 7269 6162 6c65 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2074 riable changes t\n+00023190: 686f 7365 0a63 6f6c 6f72 732e 2020 4561 hose.colors. Ea\n+000231a0: 6368 2063 6f6c 6f72 206d 7573 7420 6265 ch color must be\n+000231b0: 2061 206e 616d 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 a name from the\n+000231c0: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 206c 6973 743a following list:\n+000231d0: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2062 6c61 636b 0a20 .. ... black. \n+000231e0: 2020 e280 a220 626c 7565 0a20 2020 e280 ... blue. ..\n+000231f0: a220 6772 6565 6e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2063 . green. ... c\n+00023200: 7961 6e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2072 6564 0a20 yan. ... red. \n+00023210: 2020 e280 a220 6d61 6765 6e74 610a 2020 ... magenta. \n+00023220: 20e2 80a2 2062 726f 776e 0a20 2020 e280 ... brown. ..\n+00023230: a220 6c69 6768 742d 6772 6179 0a20 2020 . light-gray. \n+00023240: e280 a220 6461 726b 2d67 7261 790a 2020 ... dark-gray. \n+00023250: 20e2 80a2 206c 6967 6874 2d62 6c75 650a ... light-blue.\n+00023260: 2020 20e2 80a2 206c 6967 6874 2d67 7265 ... light-gre\n+00023270: 656e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6c69 6768 742d en. ... light-\n+00023280: 6379 616e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6c69 6768 cyan. ... ligh\n+00023290: 742d 7265 640a 2020 20e2 80a2 206c 6967 t-red. ... lig\n+000232a0: 6874 2d6d 6167 656e 7461 0a20 2020 e280 ht-magenta. ..\n+000232b0: a220 7965 6c6c 6f77 0a20 2020 e280 a220 . yellow. ... \n+000232c0: 7768 6974 650a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 6465 white.. The de\n+000232d0: 6661 756c 7420 6973 20e2 8098 6c69 6768 fault is ...ligh\n+000232e0: 742d 6772 6179 2f62 6c61 636b e280 992e t-gray/black....\n+000232f0: 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 2073 .. The color s\n+00023300: 7570 706f 7274 2073 7570 706f 7274 2076 upport support v\n+00023310: 6172 6965 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6572 6d69 aries from termi\n+00023320: 6e61 6c20 746f 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c2e nal to terminal.\n+00023330: 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 6d6f 7273 65e2 8099 .. ...morse...\n+00023340: 2068 6173 206e 6f20 636f 6c6f 7220 7375 has no color su\n+00023350: 7070 6f72 7420 6174 2061 6c6c 2e0a 0a20 pport at all... \n+00023360: 2020 e280 986d 6461 5f74 6578 74e2 8099 ...mda_text...\n+00023370: 2063 6f6c 6f72 2073 7570 706f 7274 2069 color support i\n+00023380: 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 746f 2068 6967 s limited to hig\n+00023390: 686c 6967 6874 696e 6720 6279 2062 6c61 hlighting by bla\n+000233a0: 636b 2f77 6869 7465 0a72 6576 6572 7361 ck/white.reversa\n+000233b0: 6c2e 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 636f 6e73 6f6c l... ...consol\n+000233c0: 65e2 8099 206f 6e20 4152 432c 2045 4d55 e... on ARC, EMU\n+000233d0: 2061 6e64 2049 4545 4531 3237 352c 20e2 and IEEE1275, .\n+000233e0: 8098 7365 7269 616c 5f2a e280 9920 616e ..serial_*... an\n+000233f0: 6420 e280 9873 706b 6d6f 6465 6de2 8099 d ...spkmodem...\n+00023400: 2061 7265 0a67 6f76 6572 6e65 6420 6279 are.governed by\n+00023410: 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 6f20 616e 6420 7375 terminfo and su\n+00023420: 7070 6f72 7420 6f6e 6c79 2038 2063 6f6c pport only 8 col\n+00023430: 6f72 7320 6966 2069 6e20 6d6f 6465 7320 ors if in modes \n+00023440: e280 9876 7431 3030 2d63 6f6c 6f72 e280 ...vt100-color..\n+00023450: 990a 2864 6566 6175 6c74 2066 6f72 2063 ..(default for c\n+00023460: 6f6e 736f 6c65 206f 6e20 656d 7529 2c20 onsole on emu), \n+00023470: e280 9861 7263 e280 9920 2864 6566 6175 ...arc... (defau\n+00023480: 6c74 2066 6f72 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 206f lt for console o\n+00023490: 6e20 4152 4329 2c0a e280 9869 6565 6531 n ARC),....ieee1\n+000234a0: 3237 35e2 8099 2028 6465 6661 756c 7420 275... (default \n+000234b0: 666f 7220 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6f6e 2049 for console on I\n+000234c0: 4545 4531 3237 3529 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 EEE1275). When \n+000234d0: 696e 206d 6f64 6520 e280 9876 7431 3030 in mode ...vt100\n+000234e0: e280 9920 7468 656e 0a74 6865 2063 6f6c ... then.the col\n+000234f0: 6f72 2073 7570 706f 7274 2069 7320 6c69 or support is li\n+00023500: 6d69 7465 6420 746f 2068 6967 686c 6967 mited to highlig\n+00023510: 6874 696e 6720 6279 2062 6c61 636b 2f77 hting by black/w\n+00023520: 6869 7465 2072 6576 6572 7361 6c2e 0a57 hite reversal..W\n+00023530: 6865 6e20 696e 206d 6f64 6520 e280 9864 hen in mode ...d\n+00023540: 756d 62e2 8099 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 umb... there is \n+00023550: 6e6f 2063 6f6c 6f72 2073 7570 706f 7274 no color support\n+00023560: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5768 656e 2063 6f6e 736f ... When conso\n+00023570: 6c65 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 6e6f 2063 le supports no c\n+00023580: 6f6c 6f72 7320 7468 6973 2073 6574 7469 olors this setti\n+00023590: 6e67 2069 7320 6967 6e6f 7265 642e 2020 ng is ignored. \n+000235a0: 5768 656e 0a63 6f6e 736f 6c65 2073 7570 When.console sup\n+000235b0: 706f 7274 7320 3820 636f 6c6f 7273 2c20 ports 8 colors, \n+000235c0: 7468 656e 2074 6865 2063 6f6c 6f72 7320 then the colors \n+000235d0: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2073 6563 6f6e 6420 from the second \n+000235e0: 6861 6c66 206f 6620 7468 650a 7072 6576 half of the.prev\n+000235f0: 696f 7573 206c 6973 7420 6172 6520 6d61 ious list are ma\n+00023600: 7070 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6d61 7463 pped to the matc\n+00023610: 6869 6e67 2063 6f6c 6f72 7320 6f66 2066 hing colors of f\n+00023620: 6972 7374 2068 616c 662e 0a0a 2020 20e2 irst half... .\n+00023630: 8098 636f 6e73 6f6c 65e2 8099 206f 6e20 ..console... on \n+00023640: 4546 4920 616e 6420 4249 4f53 2061 6e64 EFI and BIOS and\n+00023650: 20e2 8098 7667 615f 7465 7874 e280 9920 ...vga_text... \n+00023660: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 616c 6c20 3136 2063 support all 16 c\n+00023670: 6f6c 6f72 732e 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 6766 olors... ...gf\n+00023680: 7874 6572 6de2 8099 2073 7570 706f 7274 xterm... support\n+00023690: 7320 616c 6c20 3136 2063 6f6c 6f72 7320 s all 16 colors \n+000236a0: 616e 6420 776f 756c 6420 6265 2074 6865 and would be the\n+000236b0: 6f72 6574 6963 616c 6c79 0a65 7874 656e oretically.exten\n+000236c0: 6461 626c 6520 746f 2073 7570 706f 7274 dable to support\n+000236d0: 2077 686f 6c65 2072 6762 3234 2070 616c whole rgb24 pal\n+000236e0: 6574 7465 2062 7574 2063 7572 7265 6e74 ette but current\n+000236f0: 6c79 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 6e6f 0a63 ly there is no.c\n+00023700: 6f6d 7065 6c6c 696e 6720 7265 6173 6f6e ompelling reason\n+00023710: 2074 6f20 676f 2062 6579 6f6e 6420 7468 to go beyond th\n+00023720: 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 3136 2063 6f6c e current 16 col\n+00023730: 6f72 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ors.....File: gr\n+00023740: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00023750: 636f 6e66 6967 5f64 6972 6563 746f 7279 config_directory\n+00023760: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f , Next: config_\n+00023770: 6669 6c65 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 6f6c file, Prev: col\n+00023780: 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 or_normal, Up: \n+00023790: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n+000237a0: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n+000237b0: 352e 312e 3720 636f 6e66 6967 5f64 6972 5.1.7 config_dir\n+000237c0: 6563 746f 7279 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ectory.---------\n+000237d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+000237e0: 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 This variable is\n+000237f0: 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2073 automatically s\n+00023800: 6574 2062 7920 4752 5542 2074 6f20 7468 et by GRUB to th\n+00023810: 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7061 7274 e directory part\n+00023820: 206f 660a 6375 7272 656e 7420 636f 6e66 of.current conf\n+00023830: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 206e iguration file n\n+00023840: 616d 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 2063 6f6e 6669 ame (*note confi\n+00023850: 675f 6669 6c65 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 g_file::).....Fi\n+00023860: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00023870: 4e6f 6465 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 5f66 696c Node: config_fil\n+00023880: 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6465 6275 672c e, Next: debug,\n+00023890: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 5f64 Prev: config_d\n+000238a0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2c20 2055 703a 2053 irectory, Up: S\n+000238b0: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n+000238c0: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n+000238d0: 2e31 2e38 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6669 6c65 .1.8 config_file\n+000238e0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+000238f0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 ---..This variab\n+00023900: 6c65 2069 7320 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 le is automatica\n+00023910: 6c6c 7920 7365 7420 6279 2047 5255 4220 lly set by GRUB \n+00023920: 746f 2074 6865 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2063 to the name of c\n+00023930: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a66 696c onfiguration.fil\n+00023940: 6520 7468 6174 2069 7320 6265 696e 6720 e that is being \n+00023950: 7072 6f63 6573 7365 6420 6279 2063 6f6d processed by com\n+00023960: 6d61 6e64 7320 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 mands ...configf\n+00023970: 696c 65e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 636f ile... (*note.co\n+00023980: 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 3a3a 2920 6f72 20e2 nfigfile::) or .\n+00023990: 8098 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 282a 6e6f ..normal... (*no\n+000239a0: 7465 206e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a29 2e20 2049 te normal::). I\n+000239b0: 7420 6973 2072 6573 746f 7265 6420 746f t is restored to\n+000239c0: 2074 6865 0a70 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7661 the.previous va\n+000239d0: 6c75 6520 7768 656e 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 lue when command\n+000239e0: 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 completes.....F\n+000239f0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+00023a00: 204e 6f64 653a 2064 6562 7567 2c20 204e Node: debug, N\n+00023a10: 6578 743a 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2c20 2050 ext: default, P\n+00023a20: 7265 763a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6669 6c65 rev: config_file\n+00023a30: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n+00023a40: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+00023a50: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e39 2064 6562 bles..15.1.9 deb\n+00023a60: 7567 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ug.------------.\n+00023a70: 0a54 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 206d .This variable m\n+00023a80: 6179 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f 2065 6e61 ay be set to ena\n+00023a90: 626c 6520 6465 6275 6767 696e 6720 6f75 ble debugging ou\n+00023aa0: 7470 7574 2066 726f 6d20 7661 7269 6f75 tput from variou\n+00023ab0: 730a 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 206f 6620 s.components of \n+00023ac0: 4752 5542 2e20 5468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 GRUB. The value \n+00023ad0: 6973 2061 6e20 6f72 6465 7265 6420 6c69 is an ordered li\n+00023ae0: 7374 206f 6620 6465 6275 6720 6661 6369 st of debug faci\n+00023af0: 6c69 7479 206e 616d 6573 0a73 6570 6172 lity names.separ\n+00023b00: 6174 6564 2062 7920 7768 6974 6573 7061 ated by whitespa\n+00023b10: 6365 206f 7220 e280 982c e280 992e 2020 ce or ...,.... \n+00023b20: 4966 2074 6865 2073 7065 6369 616c 2066 If the special f\n+00023b30: 6163 696c 6974 7920 6e61 6d65 6420 e280 acility named ..\n+00023b40: 9861 6c6c e280 9920 6973 0a70 7265 7365 .all... is.prese\n+00023b50: 6e74 2074 6865 6e20 6465 6275 6767 696e nt then debuggin\n+00023b60: 6720 6f75 7470 7574 206f 6620 616c 6c20 g output of all \n+00023b70: 6661 6369 6c69 7479 206e 616d 6573 2069 facility names i\n+00023b80: 7320 656e 6162 6c65 6420 6174 2074 6865 s enabled at the\n+00023b90: 0a73 7461 7274 206f 6620 7072 6f63 6573 .start of proces\n+00023ba0: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f sing the value o\n+00023bb0: 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 652e f this variable.\n+00023bc0: 2020 4120 6661 6369 6c69 7479 2773 2064 A facility's d\n+00023bd0: 6562 7567 0a6f 7574 7075 7420 6361 6e20 ebug.output can \n+00023be0: 7468 656e 2062 6520 6469 7361 626c 6564 then be disabled\n+00023bf0: 2062 7920 7072 6566 6978 696e 6720 6974 by prefixing it\n+00023c00: 7320 6e61 6d65 2077 6974 6820 6120 e280 s name with a ..\n+00023c10: 982d e280 992e 2020 5468 6520 6c61 7374 .-.... The last\n+00023c20: 0a6f 6363 7572 656e 6365 2066 6163 696c .occurence facil\n+00023c30: 6974 7920 6e61 6d65 2077 6974 6820 6f72 ity name with or\n+00023c40: 2077 6974 686f 7574 2061 206c 6561 6469 without a leadi\n+00023c50: 6e67 20e2 8098 2de2 8099 2074 616b 6573 ng ...-... takes\n+00023c60: 2070 7265 6365 6e64 656e 740a 6f76 6572 precendent.over\n+00023c70: 2061 6e79 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 6f63 any previous oc\n+00023c80: 6375 7265 6e63 652e 2020 5468 6973 2061 curence. This a\n+00023c90: 6c6c 6f77 7320 7468 6520 6561 7379 2065 llows the easy e\n+00023ca0: 6e61 626c 696e 6720 6f72 2064 6973 6162 nabling or disab\n+00023cb0: 6c69 6e67 0a6f 6620 6661 6369 6c69 7469 ling.of faciliti\n+00023cc0: 6573 2062 7920 6170 7065 6e64 696e 6720 es by appending \n+00023cd0: 6120 e280 982c e280 9920 616e 6420 7468 a ...,... and th\n+00023ce0: 656e 2074 6865 2066 6163 696c 6974 7920 en the facility \n+00023cf0: 6e61 6d65 2077 6974 6820 6f72 0a77 6974 name with or.wit\n+00023d00: 686f 7574 2074 6865 206c 6561 6469 6e67 hout the leading\n+00023d10: 20e2 8098 2de2 8099 2c20 7768 6963 6820 ...-..., which \n+00023d20: 7769 6c6c 2070 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 will preserve th\n+00023d30: 6520 7374 6174 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2072 e state of the r\n+00023d40: 6573 7420 6f66 0a74 6865 2066 6163 696c est of.the facil\n+00023d50: 6974 6965 732e 2020 5468 6520 6661 6369 ities. The faci\n+00023d60: 6c69 7479 206e 616d 6573 2061 7265 2074 lity names are t\n+00023d70: 6865 2066 6972 7374 2061 7267 756d 656e he first argumen\n+00023d80: 7420 746f 0a67 7275 625f 6470 7269 6e74 t to.grub_dprint\n+00023d90: 662e 2020 436f 6e73 756c 7420 7468 6520 f. Consult the \n+00023da0: 736f 7572 6365 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 source for more \n+00023db0: 6465 7461 696c 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 details.....File\n+00023dc0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00023dd0: 6465 3a20 6465 6661 756c 742c 2020 4e65 de: default, Ne\n+00023de0: 7874 3a20 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 2c20 2050 xt: fallback, P\n+00023df0: 7265 763a 2064 6562 7567 2c20 2055 703a rev: debug, Up:\n+00023e00: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n+00023e10: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a ment variables..\n+00023e20: 3135 2e31 2e31 3020 6465 6661 756c 740a 15.1.10 default.\n+00023e30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00023e40: 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c .If this variabl\n+00023e50: 6520 6973 2073 6574 2c20 6974 2069 6465 e is set, it ide\n+00023e60: 6e74 6966 6965 7320 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 ntifies a menu e\n+00023e70: 6e74 7279 2074 6861 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 ntry that should\n+00023e80: 2062 650a 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2062 7920 be.selected by \n+00023e90: 6465 6661 756c 742c 2070 6f73 7369 626c default, possibl\n+00023ea0: 7920 6166 7465 7220 6120 7469 6d65 6f75 y after a timeou\n+00023eb0: 7420 282a 6e6f 7465 2074 696d 656f 7574 t (*note timeout\n+00023ec0: 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 650a 656e 7472 7920 ::). The.entry \n+00023ed0: 6d61 7920 6265 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 may be identifie\n+00023ee0: 6420 6279 206e 756d 6265 7220 2873 7461 d by number (sta\n+00023ef0: 7274 696e 6720 6672 6f6d 2030 2061 7420 rting from 0 at \n+00023f00: 6561 6368 206c 6576 656c 206f 6620 7468 each level of th\n+00023f10: 650a 6869 6572 6172 6368 7929 2c20 6279 e.hierarchy), by\n+00023f20: 2074 6974 6c65 2c20 6f72 2062 7920 6964 title, or by id\n+00023f30: 2e0a 0a20 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c ... For exampl\n+00023f40: 652c 2069 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 3a0a e, if you have:.\n+00023f50: 0a6d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2027 4578 616d .menuentry 'Exam\n+00023f60: 706c 6520 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 6469 ple GNU/Linux di\n+00023f70: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2720 2d2d 636c stribution' --cl\n+00023f80: 6173 7320 676e 752d 6c69 6e75 7820 2d2d ass gnu-linux --\n+00023f90: 6964 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2d67 6e75 2d6c id example-gnu-l\n+00023fa0: 696e 7578 207b 0a09 2e2e 2e0a 7d0a 0a20 inux {......}.. \n+00023fb0: 2020 7468 656e 2079 6f75 2063 616e 206d then you can m\n+00023fc0: 616b 6520 7468 6973 2074 6865 2064 6566 ake this the def\n+00023fd0: 6175 6c74 2075 7369 6e67 3a0a 0a20 2020 ault using:.. \n+00023fe0: 2020 6465 6661 756c 743d 6578 616d 706c default=exampl\n+00023ff0: 652d 676e 752d 6c69 6e75 780a 0a20 2020 e-gnu-linux.. \n+00024000: 4966 2074 6865 2065 6e74 7279 2069 7320 If the entry is \n+00024010: 696e 2061 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 2c20 7468 in a submenu, th\n+00024020: 656e 2069 7420 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6964 en it must be id\n+00024030: 656e 7469 6669 6564 2075 7369 6e67 2074 entified using t\n+00024040: 6865 0a6e 756d 6265 722c 2074 6974 6c65 he.number, title\n+00024050: 2c20 6f72 2069 6420 6f66 2065 6163 6820 , or id of each \n+00024060: 6f66 2074 6865 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 7320 of the submenus \n+00024070: 7374 6172 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 7468 starting from th\n+00024080: 6520 746f 700a 6c65 7665 6c2c 2066 6f6c e top.level, fol\n+00024090: 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 2074 6865 206e 756d lowed by the num\n+000240a0: 6265 722c 2074 6974 6c65 2c20 6f72 2069 ber, title, or i\n+000240b0: 6420 6f66 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 656e d of the menu en\n+000240c0: 7472 7920 6974 7365 6c66 2c0a 7769 7468 try itself,.with\n+000240d0: 2065 6163 6820 656c 656d 656e 7420 7365 each element se\n+000240e0: 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 20e2 8098 3ee2 parated by ...>.\n+000240f0: 8099 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 ... For example\n+00024100: 2c20 7461 6b65 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f , take the follo\n+00024110: 7769 6e67 0a6d 656e 7520 7374 7275 6374 wing.menu struct\n+00024120: 7572 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2047 4e55 2f48 ure:.. GNU/H\n+00024130: 7572 6420 2d2d 6964 2067 6e75 2d68 7572 urd --id gnu-hur\n+00024140: 640a 2020 2020 2020 2053 7461 6e64 6172 d. Standar\n+00024150: 6420 426f 6f74 202d 2d69 643d 676e 752d d Boot --id=gnu-\n+00024160: 6875 7264 2d73 7464 0a20 2020 2020 2020 hurd-std. \n+00024170: 5265 7363 7565 2073 6865 6c6c 202d 2d69 Rescue shell --i\n+00024180: 643d 676e 752d 6875 7264 2d72 6573 6375 d=gnu-hurd-rescu\n+00024190: 650a 2020 2020 204f 7468 6572 2070 6c61 e. Other pla\n+000241a0: 7466 6f72 6d73 202d 2d69 643d 6f74 6865 tforms --id=othe\n+000241b0: 720a 2020 2020 2020 204d 696e 6978 202d r. Minix -\n+000241c0: 2d69 643d 6d69 6e69 780a 2020 2020 2020 -id=minix. \n+000241d0: 2020 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 2e34 2e30 Version 3.4.0\n+000241e0: 202d 2d69 643d 6d69 6e69 782d 332e 342e --id=minix-3.4.\n+000241f0: 300a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2056 6572 7369 0. Versi\n+00024200: 6f6e 2033 2e33 2e30 202d 2d69 643d 6d69 on 3.3.0 --id=mi\n+00024210: 6e69 782d 332e 332e 300a 2020 2020 2020 nix-3.3.0. \n+00024220: 2047 5255 4220 496e 7661 6465 7273 202d GRUB Invaders -\n+00024230: 2d69 643d 6772 7562 2d69 6e76 6164 6572 -id=grub-invader\n+00024240: 730a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 6d6f 7265 2072 s.. The more r\n+00024250: 6563 656e 7420 7265 6c65 6173 6520 6f66 ecent release of\n+00024260: 204d 696e 6978 2077 6f75 6c64 2074 6865 Minix would the\n+00024270: 6e20 6265 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 6420 n be identified \n+00024280: 6173 20e2 8098 4f74 6865 720a 706c 6174 as ...Other.plat\n+00024290: 666f 726d 733e 4d69 6e69 783e 5665 7273 forms>Minix>Vers\n+000242a0: 696f 6e20 332e 342e 30e2 8099 2c20 6f72 ion 3.4.0..., or\n+000242b0: 2061 7320 e280 9831 3e30 3e30 e280 992c as ...1>0>0...,\n+000242c0: 206f 7220 6173 0ae2 8098 6f74 6865 723e or as....other>\n+000242d0: 6d69 6e69 783e 6d69 6e69 782d 332e 342e minix>minix-3.4.\n+000242e0: 30e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2076 0...... This v\n+000242f0: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 206f 6674 656e ariable is often\n+00024300: 2073 6574 2062 7920 e280 9847 5255 425f set by ...GRUB_\n+00024310: 4445 4641 554c 54e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 DEFAULT... (*not\n+00024320: 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 e Simple.configu\n+00024330: 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292c 20e2 8098 6772 ration::), ...gr\n+00024340: 7562 2d73 6574 2d64 6566 6175 6c74 e280 ub-set-default..\n+00024350: 992c 206f 7220 e280 9867 7275 622d 7265 ., or ...grub-re\n+00024360: 626f 6f74 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 boot........File\n+00024370: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00024380: 6465 3a20 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 2c20 204e de: fallback, N\n+00024390: 6578 743a 2067 6678 6d6f 6465 2c20 2050 ext: gfxmode, P\n+000243a0: 7265 763a 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2c20 2055 rev: default, U\n+000243b0: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n+000243c0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n+000243d0: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3120 6661 6c6c 6261 ..15.1.11 fallba\n+000243e0: 636b 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ck.-------------\n+000243f0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 ---..If this var\n+00024400: 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2c20 6974 iable is set, it\n+00024410: 2069 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7320 6120 6d65 identifies a me\n+00024420: 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2074 6861 7420 7368 nu entry that sh\n+00024430: 6f75 6c64 2062 650a 7365 6c65 6374 6564 ould be.selected\n+00024440: 2069 6620 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 if the default \n+00024450: 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2066 6169 6c73 menu entry fails\n+00024460: 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2e20 2045 6e74 7269 to boot. Entri\n+00024470: 6573 2061 7265 0a69 6465 6e74 6966 6965 es are.identifie\n+00024480: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7761 d in the same wa\n+00024490: 7920 6173 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 6465 6661 y as for ...defa\n+000244a0: 756c 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6465 ult... (*note de\n+000244b0: 6661 756c 743a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c fault::).....Fil\n+000244c0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+000244d0: 6f64 653a 2067 6678 6d6f 6465 2c20 204e ode: gfxmode, N\n+000244e0: 6578 743a 2067 6678 7061 796c 6f61 642c ext: gfxpayload,\n+000244f0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6661 6c6c 6261 636b Prev: fallback\n+00024500: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n+00024510: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+00024520: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3220 6766 bles..15.1.12 gf\n+00024530: 786d 6f64 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d xmode.----------\n+00024540: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 -----..If this v\n+00024550: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2c20 ariable is set, \n+00024560: 6974 2073 6574 7320 7468 6520 7265 736f it sets the reso\n+00024570: 6c75 7469 6f6e 2075 7365 6420 6f6e 2074 lution used on t\n+00024580: 6865 20e2 8098 6766 7874 6572 6de2 8099 he ...gfxterm...\n+00024590: 0a67 7261 7068 6963 616c 2074 6572 6d69 .graphical termi\n+000245a0: 6e61 6c2e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 nal. Note that \n+000245b0: 796f 7520 6361 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 you can only use\n+000245c0: 206d 6f64 6573 2077 6869 6368 2079 6f75 modes which you\n+000245d0: 720a 6772 6170 6869 6373 2063 6172 6420 r.graphics card \n+000245e0: 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2076 6961 2056 4553 supports via VES\n+000245f0: 4120 4249 4f53 2045 7874 656e 7369 6f6e A BIOS Extension\n+00024600: 7320 2856 4245 292c 2073 6f20 666f 7220 s (VBE), so for \n+00024610: 6578 616d 706c 650a 6e61 7469 7665 204c example.native L\n+00024620: 4344 2070 616e 656c 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 CD panel resolut\n+00024630: 696f 6e73 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2062 6520 ions may not be \n+00024640: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 5468 6520 available. The \n+00024650: 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 0ae2 8098 6175 default is....au\n+00024660: 746f e280 992c 2077 6869 6368 2073 656c to..., which sel\n+00024670: 6563 7473 2061 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2d ects a platform-\n+00024680: 7370 6563 6966 6963 2064 6566 6175 6c74 specific default\n+00024690: 2074 6861 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 206c 6f6f that should loo\n+000246a0: 6b0a 7265 6173 6f6e 6162 6c65 2e20 2053 k.reasonable. S\n+000246b0: 7570 706f 7274 6564 206d 6f64 6573 2063 upported modes c\n+000246c0: 616e 2062 6520 6c69 7374 6564 2062 7920 an be listed by \n+000246d0: e280 9876 6964 656f 696e 666f e280 9920 ...videoinfo... \n+000246e0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 696e 0a47 5255 422e command in.GRUB.\n+000246f0: 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 .. The resolut\n+00024700: 696f 6e20 6d61 7920 6265 2073 7065 6369 ion may be speci\n+00024710: 6669 6564 2061 7320 6120 7365 7175 656e fied as a sequen\n+00024720: 6365 206f 6620 6f6e 6520 6f72 206d 6f72 ce of one or mor\n+00024730: 6520 6d6f 6465 732c 0a73 6570 6172 6174 e modes,.separat\n+00024740: 6564 2062 7920 636f 6d6d 6173 2028 e280 ed by commas (..\n+00024750: 982c e280 9929 206f 7220 7365 6d69 636f .,...) or semico\n+00024760: 6c6f 6e73 2028 e280 983b e280 9929 3b20 lons (...;...); \n+00024770: 6561 6368 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2074 7269 each will be tri\n+00024780: 6564 2069 6e0a 7475 726e 2075 6e74 696c ed in.turn until\n+00024790: 206f 6e65 2069 7320 666f 756e 642e 2020 one is found. \n+000247a0: 4561 6368 206d 6f64 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 Each mode should\n+000247b0: 2062 6520 6569 7468 6572 20e2 8098 6175 be either ...au\n+000247c0: 746f e280 992c 0ae2 8098 5749 4454 4878 to...,....WIDTHx\n+000247d0: 4845 4947 4854 e280 992c 206f 7220 e280 HEIGHT..., or ..\n+000247e0: 9857 4944 5448 7848 4549 4748 5478 4445 .WIDTHxHEIGHTxDE\n+000247f0: 5054 48e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a PTH........File:\n+00024800: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00024810: 653a 2067 6678 7061 796c 6f61 642c 2020 e: gfxpayload, \n+00024820: 4e65 7874 3a20 6766 7874 6572 6d5f 666f Next: gfxterm_fo\n+00024830: 6e74 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2067 6678 6d6f nt, Prev: gfxmo\n+00024840: 6465 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c de, Up: Special\n+00024850: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+00024860: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3320 iables..15.1.13 \n+00024870: 6766 7870 6179 6c6f 6164 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d gfxpayload.-----\n+00024880: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 -------------..I\n+00024890: 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 f this variable \n+000248a0: 6973 2073 6574 2c20 6974 2063 6f6e 7472 is set, it contr\n+000248b0: 6f6c 7320 7468 6520 7669 6465 6f20 6d6f ols the video mo\n+000248c0: 6465 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 7468 6520 de in which the \n+000248d0: 4c69 6e75 780a 6b65 726e 656c 2073 7461 Linux.kernel sta\n+000248e0: 7274 7320 7570 2c20 7265 706c 6163 696e rts up, replacin\n+000248f0: 6720 7468 6520 e280 9876 6761 3de2 8099 g the ...vga=...\n+00024900: 2062 6f6f 7420 6f70 7469 6f6e 2028 2a6e boot option (*n\n+00024910: 6f74 6520 6c69 6e75 783a 3a29 2e20 2049 ote linux::). I\n+00024920: 740a 6d61 7920 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 t.may be set to \n+00024930: e280 9874 6578 74e2 8099 2074 6f20 666f ...text... to fo\n+00024940: 7263 6520 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 rce the Linux ke\n+00024950: 726e 656c 2074 6f20 626f 6f74 2069 6e20 rnel to boot in \n+00024960: 6e6f 726d 616c 2074 6578 740a 6d6f 6465 normal text.mode\n+00024970: 2c20 e280 986b 6565 70e2 8099 2074 6f20 , ...keep... to \n+00024980: 7072 6573 6572 7665 2074 6865 2067 7261 preserve the gra\n+00024990: 7068 6963 7320 6d6f 6465 2073 6574 2075 phics mode set u\n+000249a0: 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 6766 786d 6f64 65e2 sing ...gfxmode.\n+000249b0: 8099 2c20 6f72 2061 6e79 0a6f 6620 7468 .., or any.of th\n+000249c0: 6520 7065 726d 6974 7465 6420 7661 6c75 e permitted valu\n+000249d0: 6573 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 6766 786d 6f64 es for ...gfxmod\n+000249e0: 65e2 8099 2074 6f20 7365 7420 6120 7061 e... to set a pa\n+000249f0: 7274 6963 756c 6172 2067 7261 7068 6963 rticular graphic\n+00024a00: 7320 6d6f 6465 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 6766 s mode.(*note gf\n+00024a10: 786d 6f64 653a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 4465 xmode::)... De\n+00024a20: 7065 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 pending on your \n+00024a30: 6b65 726e 656c 2c20 796f 7572 2064 6973 kernel, your dis\n+00024a40: 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e2c 2079 6f75 7220 tribution, your \n+00024a50: 6772 6170 6869 6373 2063 6172 642c 2061 graphics card, a\n+00024a60: 6e64 0a74 6865 2070 6861 7365 206f 6620 nd.the phase of \n+00024a70: 7468 6520 6d6f 6f6e 2c20 6e6f 7465 2074 the moon, note t\n+00024a80: 6861 7420 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 206f hat using this o\n+00024a90: 7074 696f 6e20 6d61 7920 6361 7573 6520 ption may cause \n+00024aa0: 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 780a 746f 2073 7566 GNU/Linux.to suf\n+00024ab0: 6665 7220 6672 6f6d 2076 6172 696f 7573 fer from various\n+00024ac0: 2064 6973 706c 6179 2070 726f 626c 656d display problem\n+00024ad0: 732c 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 726c 7920 s, particularly \n+00024ae0: 6475 7269 6e67 2074 6865 2065 6172 6c79 during the early\n+00024af0: 0a70 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2062 6f6f .part of the boo\n+00024b00: 7420 7365 7175 656e 6365 2e20 2049 6620 t sequence. If \n+00024b10: 796f 7520 6861 7665 2070 726f 626c 656d you have problem\n+00024b20: 732c 2073 6574 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 s, set this vari\n+00024b30: 6162 6c65 2074 6f0a e280 9874 6578 74e2 able to....text.\n+00024b40: 8099 2061 6e64 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c .. and GRUB will\n+00024b50: 2074 656c 6c20 4c69 6e75 7820 746f 2062 tell Linux to b\n+00024b60: 6f6f 7420 696e 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 7465 oot in normal te\n+00024b70: 7874 206d 6f64 652e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 xt mode... The\n+00024b80: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 706c 6174 default is plat\n+00024b90: 666f 726d 2d73 7065 6369 6669 632e 2020 form-specific. \n+00024ba0: 4f6e 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2077 6974 On platforms wit\n+00024bb0: 6820 6120 6e61 7469 7665 2074 6578 740a h a native text.\n+00024bc0: 6d6f 6465 2028 7375 6368 2061 7320 5043 mode (such as PC\n+00024bd0: 2042 494f 5320 706c 6174 666f 726d 7329 BIOS platforms)\n+00024be0: 2c20 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 , the default is\n+00024bf0: 20e2 8098 7465 7874 e280 992e 2020 4f74 ...text.... Ot\n+00024c00: 6865 7277 6973 6520 7468 650a 6465 6661 herwise the.defa\n+00024c10: 756c 7420 6d61 7920 6265 20e2 8098 6175 ult may be ...au\n+00024c20: 746f e280 9920 6f72 2061 2073 7065 6369 to... or a speci\n+00024c30: 6669 6320 7669 6465 6f20 6d6f 6465 2e0a fic video mode..\n+00024c40: 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c . This variabl\n+00024c50: 6520 6973 206f 6674 656e 2073 6574 2062 e is often set b\n+00024c60: 7920 e280 9847 5255 425f 4746 5850 4159 y ...GRUB_GFXPAY\n+00024c70: 4c4f 4144 5f4c 494e 5558 e280 9920 282a LOAD_LINUX... (*\n+00024c80: 6e6f 7465 2053 696d 706c 650a 636f 6e66 note Simple.conf\n+00024c90: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f iguration::)....\n+00024ca0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00024cb0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2067 6678 7465 726d , Node: gfxterm\n+00024cc0: 5f66 6f6e 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6772 _font, Next: gr\n+00024cd0: 7562 5f63 7075 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2067 ub_cpu, Prev: g\n+00024ce0: 6678 7061 796c 6f61 642c 2020 5570 3a20 fxpayload, Up: \n+00024cf0: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n+00024d00: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n+00024d10: 352e 312e 3134 2067 6678 7465 726d 5f66 5.1.14 gfxterm_f\n+00024d20: 6f6e 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ont.------------\n+00024d30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 --------..If thi\n+00024d40: 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 s variable is se\n+00024d50: 742c 2069 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 6120 666f t, it names a fo\n+00024d60: 6e74 2074 6f20 7573 6520 666f 7220 7465 nt to use for te\n+00024d70: 7874 206f 6e20 7468 650a e280 9867 6678 xt on the....gfx\n+00024d80: 7465 726d e280 9920 6772 6170 6869 6361 term... graphica\n+00024d90: 6c20 7465 726d 696e 616c 2e20 204f 7468 l terminal. Oth\n+00024da0: 6572 7769 7365 2c20 e280 9867 6678 7465 erwise, ...gfxte\n+00024db0: 726d e280 9920 6d61 7920 7573 6520 616e rm... may use an\n+00024dc0: 790a 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 666f 6e74 y.available font\n+00024dd0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00024de0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2067 7275 info, Node: gru\n+00024df0: 625f 6370 752c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6772 b_cpu, Next: gr\n+00024e00: 7562 5f70 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2c 2020 5072 ub_platform, Pr\n+00024e10: 6576 3a20 6766 7874 6572 6d5f 666f 6e74 ev: gfxterm_font\n+00024e20: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n+00024e30: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+00024e40: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e31 3520 6772 bles..15.1.15 gr\n+00024e50: 7562 5f63 7075 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ub_cpu.---------\n+00024e60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6e20 6e6f 726d -------..In norm\n+00024e70: 616c 206d 6f64 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 206e al mode (*note n\n+00024e80: 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a29 2c20 4752 5542 2073 ormal::), GRUB s\n+00024e90: 6574 7320 7468 6520 e280 9867 7275 625f ets the ...grub_\n+00024ea0: 6370 75e2 8099 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 cpu... variable \n+00024eb0: 746f 0a74 6865 2043 5055 2074 7970 6520 to.the CPU type \n+00024ec0: 666f 7220 7768 6963 6820 4752 5542 2077 for which GRUB w\n+00024ed0: 6173 2062 7569 6c74 2028 652e 672e 2020 as built (e.g. \n+00024ee0: e280 9869 3338 36e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 ...i386... or ..\n+00024ef0: 9870 6f77 6572 7063 e280 9929 2e0a 0a1f .powerpc...)....\n+00024f00: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00024f10: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2067 7275 625f 706c , Node: grub_pl\n+00024f20: 6174 666f 726d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2069 atform, Next: i\n+00024f30: 636f 6e64 6972 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2067 condir, Prev: g\n+00024f40: 7275 625f 6370 752c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 rub_cpu, Up: Sp\n+00024f50: 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ecial environmen\n+00024f60: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e t variables..15.\n+00024f70: 312e 3136 2067 7275 625f 706c 6174 666f 1.16 grub_platfo\n+00024f80: 726d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rm.-------------\n+00024f90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 496e 206e 6f72 --------..In nor\n+00024fa0: 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 mal mode (*note \n+00024fb0: 6e6f 726d 616c 3a3a 292c 2047 5255 4220 normal::), GRUB \n+00024fc0: 7365 7473 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6772 7562 sets the ...grub\n+00024fd0: 5f70 6c61 7466 6f72 6de2 8099 2076 6172 _platform... var\n+00024fe0: 6961 626c 650a 746f 2074 6865 2070 6c61 iable.to the pla\n+00024ff0: 7466 6f72 6d20 666f 7220 7768 6963 6820 tform for which \n+00025000: 4752 5542 2077 6173 2062 7569 6c74 2028 GRUB was built (\n+00025010: 652e 672e 2020 e280 9870 63e2 8099 206f e.g. ...pc... o\n+00025020: 7220 e280 9865 6669 e280 9929 2e0a 0a1f r ...efi...)....\n+00025030: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00025040: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2069 636f 6e64 6972 , Node: icondir\n+00025050: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206c 616e 672c 2020 , Next: lang, \n+00025060: 5072 6576 3a20 6772 7562 5f70 6c61 7466 Prev: grub_platf\n+00025070: 6f72 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 orm, Up: Specia\n+00025080: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n+00025090: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3137 riables..15.1.17\n+000250a0: 2069 636f 6e64 6972 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d icondir.-------\n+000250b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 --------..If thi\n+000250c0: 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 s variable is se\n+000250d0: 742c 2069 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 6120 6469 t, it names a di\n+000250e0: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 696e 2077 6869 6368 rectory in which\n+000250f0: 2074 6865 2047 5255 420a 6772 6170 6869 the GRUB.graphi\n+00025100: 6361 6c20 6d65 6e75 2073 686f 756c 6420 cal menu should \n+00025110: 6c6f 6f6b 2066 6f72 2069 636f 6e73 2061 look for icons a\n+00025120: 6674 6572 206c 6f6f 6b69 6e67 2069 6e20 fter looking in \n+00025130: 7468 6520 7468 656d 6527 730a e280 9869 the theme's....i\n+00025140: 636f 6e73 e280 9920 6469 7265 6374 6f72 cons... director\n+00025150: 792e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5468 656d 6520 y. *Note Theme \n+00025160: 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 743a 3a2e 0a0a file format::...\n+00025170: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00025180: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c61 6e67 2c20 o, Node: lang, \n+00025190: 204e 6578 743a 206c 6f63 616c 655f 6469 Next: locale_di\n+000251a0: 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6963 6f6e 6469 r, Prev: icondi\n+000251b0: 722c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 r, Up: Special \n+000251c0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+000251d0: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3138 206c ables..15.1.18 l\n+000251e0: 616e 670a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ang.------------\n+000251f0: 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 ..If this variab\n+00025200: 6c65 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 6e61 le is set, it na\n+00025210: 6d65 7320 7468 6520 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 mes the language\n+00025220: 2063 6f64 6520 7468 6174 2074 6865 20e2 code that the .\n+00025230: 8098 6765 7474 6578 74e2 8099 0a63 6f6d ..gettext....com\n+00025240: 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6765 7474 mand (*note gett\n+00025250: 6578 743a 3a29 2075 7365 7320 746f 2074 ext::) uses to t\n+00025260: 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 2073 7472 696e 6773 ranslate strings\n+00025270: 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c0a . For example,.\n+00025280: 4672 656e 6368 2077 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 French would be \n+00025290: 6e61 6d65 6420 6173 20e2 8098 6672 e280 named as ...fr..\n+000252a0: 992c 2061 6e64 2053 696d 706c 6966 6965 ., and Simplifie\n+000252b0: 6420 4368 696e 6573 6520 6173 20e2 8098 d Chinese as ...\n+000252c0: 7a68 5f43 4ee2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 zh_CN...... ..\n+000252d0: 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 .grub-mkconfig..\n+000252e0: 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 696d 706c 6520 . (*note Simple \n+000252f0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 configuration::)\n+00025300: 2077 696c 6c20 7472 7920 746f 2073 6574 will try to set\n+00025310: 2061 0a72 6561 736f 6e61 626c 6520 6465 a.reasonable de\n+00025320: 6661 756c 7420 666f 7220 7468 6973 2076 fault for this v\n+00025330: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6261 7365 6420 6f6e ariable based on\n+00025340: 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6c6f 6361 the system loca\n+00025350: 6c65 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 le.....File: gru\n+00025360: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206c b.info, Node: l\n+00025370: 6f63 616c 655f 6469 722c 2020 4e65 7874 ocale_dir, Next\n+00025380: 3a20 6c6f 636b 646f 776e 2c20 2050 7265 : lockdown, Pre\n+00025390: 763a 206c 616e 672c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 v: lang, Up: Sp\n+000253a0: 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ecial environmen\n+000253b0: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e t variables..15.\n+000253c0: 312e 3139 206c 6f63 616c 655f 6469 720a 1.19 locale_dir.\n+000253d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+000253e0: 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 --..If this vari\n+000253f0: 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 able is set, it \n+00025400: 6e61 6d65 7320 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 names the direct\n+00025410: 6f72 7920 7768 6572 6520 7472 616e 736c ory where transl\n+00025420: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 730a 6d61 7920 ation files.may \n+00025430: 6265 2066 6f75 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 be found (*note \n+00025440: 6765 7474 6578 743a 3a29 2c20 7573 7561 gettext::), usua\n+00025450: 6c6c 7920 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 lly .../boot/gru\n+00025460: 622f 6c6f 6361 6c65 e280 992e 2020 4f74 b/locale.... Ot\n+00025470: 6865 7277 6973 652c 0a69 6e74 6572 6e61 herwise,.interna\n+00025480: 7469 6f6e 616c 697a 6174 696f 6e20 6973 tionalization is\n+00025490: 2064 6973 6162 6c65 642e 0a0a 2020 20e2 disabled... .\n+000254a0: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 ..grub-mkconfig.\n+000254b0: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 .. (*note Simple\n+000254c0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a configuration::\n+000254d0: 2920 7769 6c6c 2073 6574 2061 2072 6561 ) will set a rea\n+000254e0: 736f 6e61 626c 650a 6465 6661 756c 7420 sonable.default \n+000254f0: 666f 7220 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c for this variabl\n+00025500: 6520 6966 2069 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e e if internation\n+00025510: 616c 697a 6174 696f 6e20 6973 206e 6565 alization is nee\n+00025520: 6465 6420 616e 6420 616e 790a 7472 616e ded and any.tran\n+00025530: 736c 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 6172 slation files ar\n+00025540: 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 0a0a 1f0a e available.....\n+00025550: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+00025560: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c6f 636b 646f 776e Node: lockdown\n+00025570: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206d 656e 755f 636f , Next: menu_co\n+00025580: 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 742c 2020 lor_highlight, \n+00025590: 5072 6576 3a20 6c6f 6361 6c65 5f64 6972 Prev: locale_dir\n+000255a0: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n+000255b0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+000255c0: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 3020 6c6f bles..15.1.20 lo\n+000255d0: 636b 646f 776e 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ckdown.---------\n+000255e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 -------..If this\n+000255f0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 variable is set\n+00025600: 2074 6f20 e280 9879 e280 992c 2069 7420 to ...y..., it \n+00025610: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 means that GRUB \n+00025620: 6861 7320 656e 7465 7265 6420 2a6e 6f74 has entered *not\n+00025630: 650a 4c6f 636b 646f 776e 3a3a 206d 6f64 e.Lockdown:: mod\n+00025640: 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 e.....File: grub\n+00025650: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6d65 .info, Node: me\n+00025660: 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 nu_color_highlig\n+00025670: 6874 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206d 656e 755f ht, Next: menu_\n+00025680: 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 2050 color_normal, P\n+00025690: 7265 763a 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e2c 2020 rev: lockdown, \n+000256a0: 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 Up: Special envi\n+000256b0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n+000256c0: 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3231 206d 656e 755f s..15.1.21 menu_\n+000256d0: 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 740a color_highlight.\n 000256e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000256f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 --------..This v\n-00025700: 6172 6961 626c 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 ariable contains\n-00025710: 2074 6865 2066 6f72 6567 726f 756e 6420 the foreground \n-00025720: 616e 6420 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 and background c\n-00025730: 6f6c 6f72 7320 746f 2062 6520 7573 6564 olors to be used\n-00025740: 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 2068 6967 686c 6967 .for the highlig\n-00025750: 6874 6564 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 792c hted menu entry,\n-00025760: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 6120 separated by a \n-00025770: 736c 6173 6820 28e2 8098 2fe2 8099 292e slash (.../...).\n-00025780: 2020 5365 7474 696e 670a 7468 6973 2076 Setting.this v\n-00025790: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6368 616e 6765 7320 ariable changes \n-000257a0: 7468 6f73 6520 636f 6c6f 7273 2e20 2046 those colors. F\n-000257b0: 6f72 2074 6865 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 or the available\n-000257c0: 2063 6f6c 6f72 206e 616d 6573 2c0a 2a6e color names,.*n\n-000257d0: 6f74 6520 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c ote color_normal\n-000257e0: 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 ::... The defa\n-000257f0: 756c 7420 6973 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 ult is the value\n-00025800: 206f 6620 e280 9863 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 of ...color_hig\n-00025810: 686c 6967 6874 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 hlight... (*note\n-00025820: 0a63 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 .color_highlight\n-00025830: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ::).....File: gr\n-00025840: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00025850: 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 menu_color_norma\n-00025860: 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 l, Next: net__boot_f\n-00025880: 696c 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6d65 6e75 ile, Prev: menu\n-00025890: 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 _color_highlight\n-000258a0: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n-000258b0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-000258c0: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 3220 6d65 bles..15.1.22 me\n-000258d0: 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c0a nu_color_normal.\n-000258e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000258f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 ---------..This \n-00025900: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 6f6e 7461 696e variable contain\n-00025910: 7320 7468 6520 666f 7265 6772 6f75 6e64 s the foreground\n-00025920: 2061 6e64 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 6420 and background \n-00025930: 636f 6c6f 7273 2074 6f20 6265 2075 7365 colors to be use\n-00025940: 640a 666f 7220 6e6f 6e2d 6869 6768 6c69 d.for non-highli\n-00025950: 6768 7465 6420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 ghted menu entri\n-00025960: 6573 2c20 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 es, separated by\n-00025970: 2061 2073 6c61 7368 2028 e280 982f e280 a slash (.../..\n-00025980: 9929 2e20 2053 6574 7469 6e67 0a74 6869 .). Setting.thi\n-00025990: 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 6861 6e67 s variable chang\n-000259a0: 6573 2074 686f 7365 2063 6f6c 6f72 732e es those colors.\n-000259b0: 2020 466f 7220 7468 6520 6176 6169 6c61 For the availa\n-000259c0: 626c 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 6e61 6d65 732c ble color names,\n-000259d0: 0a2a 6e6f 7465 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 .*note color_nor\n-000259e0: 6d61 6c3a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2064 mal::... The d\n-000259f0: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 7468 6520 7661 efault is the va\n-00025a00: 6c75 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 636f 6c6f 725f lue of ...color_\n-00025a10: 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 normal... (*note\n-00025a20: 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a29 color_normal::)\n-00025a30: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00025a40: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 info, Node: net\n-00025a50: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f62 6f6f __boo\n-00025a60: 745f 6669 6c65 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e t_file, Next: n\n-00025a70: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f63 et__c\n-00025a80: 6c69 656e 7469 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 lientid, Prev: \n-00025a90: 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 menu_color_norma\n-00025aa0: 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 l, Up: Special \n-00025ab0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-00025ac0: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3233 206e ables..15.1.23 n\n-00025ad0: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f62 et__b\n-00025ae0: 6f6f 745f 6669 6c65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d oot_file.-------\n+000256f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 ------------..Th\n+00025700: 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 636f 6e74 is variable cont\n+00025710: 6169 6e73 2074 6865 2066 6f72 6567 726f ains the foregro\n+00025720: 756e 6420 616e 6420 6261 636b 6772 6f75 und and backgrou\n+00025730: 6e64 2063 6f6c 6f72 7320 746f 2062 6520 nd colors to be \n+00025740: 7573 6564 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 2068 6967 used.for the hig\n+00025750: 686c 6967 6874 6564 206d 656e 7520 656e hlighted menu en\n+00025760: 7472 792c 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 try, separated b\n+00025770: 7920 6120 736c 6173 6820 28e2 8098 2fe2 y a slash (.../.\n+00025780: 8099 292e 2020 5365 7474 696e 670a 7468 ..). Setting.th\n+00025790: 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6368 616e is variable chan\n+000257a0: 6765 7320 7468 6f73 6520 636f 6c6f 7273 ges those colors\n+000257b0: 2e20 2046 6f72 2074 6865 2061 7661 696c . For the avail\n+000257c0: 6162 6c65 2063 6f6c 6f72 206e 616d 6573 able color names\n+000257d0: 2c0a 2a6e 6f74 6520 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f ,.*note color_no\n+000257e0: 726d 616c 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 rmal::... The \n+000257f0: 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 2074 6865 2076 default is the v\n+00025800: 616c 7565 206f 6620 e280 9863 6f6c 6f72 alue of ...color\n+00025810: 5f68 6967 686c 6967 6874 e280 9920 282a _highlight... (*\n+00025820: 6e6f 7465 0a63 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c note.color_highl\n+00025830: 6967 6874 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 ight::).....File\n+00025840: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00025850: 6465 3a20 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f6e de: menu_color_n\n+00025860: 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 ormal, Next: ne\n+00025870: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 626f t__bo\n+00025880: 6f74 5f66 696c 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 ot_file, Prev: \n+00025890: 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f68 6967 686c menu_color_highl\n+000258a0: 6967 6874 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 ight, Up: Speci\n+000258b0: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n+000258c0: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 ariables..15.1.2\n+000258d0: 3220 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 2 menu_color_nor\n+000258e0: 6d61 6c0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d mal.------------\n+000258f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 -------------..T\n+00025900: 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 6f6e his variable con\n+00025910: 7461 696e 7320 7468 6520 666f 7265 6772 tains the foregr\n+00025920: 6f75 6e64 2061 6e64 2062 6163 6b67 726f ound and backgro\n+00025930: 756e 6420 636f 6c6f 7273 2074 6f20 6265 und colors to be\n+00025940: 2075 7365 640a 666f 7220 6e6f 6e2d 6869 used.for non-hi\n+00025950: 6768 6c69 6768 7465 6420 6d65 6e75 2065 ghlighted menu e\n+00025960: 6e74 7269 6573 2c20 7365 7061 7261 7465 ntries, separate\n+00025970: 6420 6279 2061 2073 6c61 7368 2028 e280 d by a slash (..\n+00025980: 982f e280 9929 2e20 2053 6574 7469 6e67 ./...). Setting\n+00025990: 0a74 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 .this variable c\n+000259a0: 6861 6e67 6573 2074 686f 7365 2063 6f6c hanges those col\n+000259b0: 6f72 732e 2020 466f 7220 7468 6520 6176 ors. For the av\n+000259c0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 636f 6c6f 7220 6e61 ailable color na\n+000259d0: 6d65 732c 0a2a 6e6f 7465 2063 6f6c 6f72 mes,.*note color\n+000259e0: 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 2054 _normal::... T\n+000259f0: 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 7468 he default is th\n+00025a00: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 636f e value of ...co\n+00025a10: 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 282a lor_normal... (*\n+00025a20: 6e6f 7465 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 note color_norma\n+00025a30: 6c3a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 l::).....File: g\n+00025a40: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00025a50: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00025a60: 5f62 6f6f 745f 6669 6c65 2c20 204e 6578 _boot_file, Nex\n+00025a70: 743a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 t: net__clientid, Pr\n+00025a90: 6576 3a20 6d65 6e75 5f63 6f6c 6f72 5f6e ev: menu_color_n\n+00025aa0: 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 ormal, Up: Spec\n+00025ab0: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n+00025ac0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n+00025ad0: 3233 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 23 net__boot_file.---\n 00025af0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025b00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 ----------..*Not\n-00025b10: 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a e Network::.....\n-00025b20: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00025b30: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 Node: net__clientid\n-00025b50: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e , Next: net__clientu\n-00025b70: 7569 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f uid, Prev: net_\n-00025b80: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 626f 6f74 _boot\n-00025b90: 5f66 696c 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 _file, Up: Spec\n-00025ba0: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n-00025bb0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n-00025bc0: 3234 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 24 net__clientid.----\n+00025b00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+00025b10: 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e *Note Network::.\n+00025b20: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00025b30: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f nfo, Node: net_\n+00025b40: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 636c 6965 _clie\n+00025b50: 6e74 6964 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 ntid, Next: net\n+00025b60: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f63 6c69 __cli\n+00025b70: 656e 7475 7569 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 entuuid, Prev: \n+00025b80: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n+00025b90: 626f 6f74 5f66 696c 652c 2020 5570 3a20 boot_file, Up: \n+00025ba0: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n+00025bb0: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n+00025bc0: 352e 312e 3234 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5.1.24 net__clientid.\n 00025be0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025bf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e ------------..*N\n-00025c00: 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a ote Network::...\n-00025c10: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00025c20: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 o, Node: net__client\n-00025c40: 7575 6964 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 uuid, Next: net\n-00025c50: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f64 6863 __dhc\n-00025c60: 705f 7365 7276 6572 5f6e 616d 652c 2020 p_server_name, \n-00025c70: 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 Prev: net__clientid, \n-00025c90: 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 Up: Special env\n-00025ca0: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-00025cb0: 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 3520 6e65 745f es..15.1.25 net_\n-00025cc0: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 636c 6965 _clie\n-00025cd0: 6e74 7575 6964 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ntuuid.---------\n+00025bf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00025c00: 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a ..*Note Network:\n+00025c10: 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 :.....File: grub\n+00025c20: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 .info, Node: ne\n+00025c30: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 636c t__cl\n+00025c40: 6965 6e74 7575 6964 2c20 204e 6578 743a ientuuid, Next:\n+00025c50: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00025c60: 5f64 6863 705f 7365 7276 6572 5f6e 616d _dhcp_server_nam\n+00025c70: 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 e, Prev: net__client\n+00025c90: 6964 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c id, Up: Special\n+00025ca0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+00025cb0: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 3520 iables..15.1.25 \n+00025cc0: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n+00025cd0: 636c 6965 6e74 7575 6964 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d clientuuid.-----\n 00025ce0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025cf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 ---------..*Note\n-00025d00: 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 Network::.....F\n-00025d10: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00025d20: 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 Node: net__dhcp_serv\n-00025d40: 6572 5f6e 616d 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 er_name, Next: \n-00025d50: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n-00025d60: 646f 6d61 696e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e domain, Prev: n\n-00025d70: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f63 et__c\n-00025d80: 6c69 656e 7475 7569 642c 2020 5570 3a20 lientuuid, Up: \n-00025d90: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n-00025da0: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n-00025db0: 352e 312e 3236 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5.1.26 net__dhcp_serv\n-00025dd0: 6572 5f6e 616d 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d er_name.--------\n+00025cf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a -------------..*\n+00025d00: 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a Note Network::..\n+00025d10: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+00025d20: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c fo, Node: net_<\n+00025d30: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f64 6863 705f INTERFACE>_dhcp_\n+00025d40: 7365 7276 6572 5f6e 616d 652c 2020 4e65 server_name, Ne\n+00025d50: 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 xt: net__domain, Pre\n+00025d70: 763a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 v: net__clientuuid, \n+00025d90: 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 Up: Special envi\n+00025da0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n+00025db0: 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3236 206e 6574 5f3c s..15.1.26 net_<\n+00025dc0: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f64 6863 705f INTERFACE>_dhcp_\n+00025dd0: 7365 7276 6572 5f6e 616d 650a 2d2d 2d2d server_name.----\n 00025de0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 00025df0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025e00: 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a ..*Note Network:\n-00025e10: 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 :.....File: grub\n-00025e20: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 .info, Node: ne\n-00025e30: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 646f t__do\n-00025e40: 6d61 696e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 main, Next: net\n-00025e50: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f65 7874 __ext\n-00025e60: 656e 7369 6f6e 7370 6174 682c 2020 5072 ensionspath, Pr\n-00025e70: 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 ev: net__dhcp_server_\n-00025e90: 6e61 6d65 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 name, Up: Speci\n-00025ea0: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n-00025eb0: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 ariables..15.1.2\n-00025ec0: 3720 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 7 net__domain.-------\n+00025e00: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 ----..*Note Netw\n+00025e10: 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ork::.....File: \n+00025e20: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00025e30: 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 : net__domain, Next:\n+00025e50: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00025e60: 5f65 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 7370 6174 682c _extensionspath,\n+00025e70: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 Prev: net__dhcp_ser\n+00025e90: 7665 725f 6e61 6d65 2c20 2055 703a 2053 ver_name, Up: S\n+00025ea0: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n+00025eb0: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n+00025ec0: 2e31 2e32 3720 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 .1.27 net__domain.---\n 00025ee0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025ef0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e -------..*Note N\n-00025f00: 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c etwork::.....Fil\n-00025f10: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00025f20: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ode: net__extensionsp\n-00025f40: 6174 682c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f ath, Next: net_\n-00025f50: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 686f 7374 _host\n-00025f60: 6e61 6d65 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 name, Prev: net\n-00025f70: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f64 6f6d __dom\n-00025f80: 6169 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 ain, Up: Specia\n-00025f90: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n-00025fa0: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3238 riables..15.1.28\n-00025fb0: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n-00025fc0: 5f65 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 7370 6174 680a _extensionspath.\n-00025fd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00025ef0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f -----------..*No\n+00025f00: 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f te Network::....\n+00025f10: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00025f20: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e , Node: net__extensi\n+00025f40: 6f6e 7370 6174 682c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 onspath, Next: \n+00025f50: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n+00025f60: 686f 7374 6e61 6d65 2c20 2050 7265 763a hostname, Prev:\n+00025f70: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00025f80: 5f64 6f6d 6169 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 _domain, Up: Sp\n+00025f90: 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ecial environmen\n+00025fa0: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e t variables..15.\n+00025fb0: 312e 3238 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 1.28 net__extensionsp\n+00025fd0: 6174 680a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ath.------------\n 00025fe0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00025ff0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 ------..*Note Ne\n-00026000: 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 twork::.....File\n-00026010: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00026020: 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 de: net__hostname, N\n-00026040: 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ext: net__ip, Prev: \n-00026060: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n-00026070: 6578 7465 6e73 696f 6e73 7061 7468 2c20 extensionspath, \n-00026080: 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 Up: Special env\n-00026090: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-000260a0: 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 3920 6e65 745f es..15.1.29 net_\n-000260b0: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 686f 7374 _host\n-000260c0: 6e61 6d65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d name.-----------\n+00025ff0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 ----------..*Not\n+00026000: 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a e Network::.....\n+00026010: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+00026020: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 Node: net__hostname\n+00026040: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e , Next: net__ip, Pr\n+00026060: 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 ev: net__extensionspa\n+00026080: 7468 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c th, Up: Special\n+00026090: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+000260a0: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 3920 iables..15.1.29 \n+000260b0: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n+000260c0: 686f 7374 6e61 6d65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d hostname.-------\n 000260d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000260e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 -----..*Note Net\n-000260f0: 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a work::.....File:\n-00026100: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-00026110: 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 e: net__ip, Next: ne\n-00026130: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6d61 t__ma\n-00026140: 632c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 c, Prev: net__hostna\n-00026160: 6d65 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c me, Up: Special\n-00026170: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-00026180: 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3020 iables..15.1.30 \n-00026190: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n-000261a0: 6970 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ip.-------------\n-000261b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a -------------..*\n-000261c0: 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a Note Network::..\n-000261d0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-000261e0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c fo, Node: net_<\n-000261f0: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6d 6163 2c20 INTERFACE>_mac, \n-00026200: 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 Next: net__next_serv\n-00026220: 6572 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f3c er, Prev: net_<\n-00026230: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f69 702c 2020 INTERFACE>_ip, \n-00026240: 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 Up: Special envi\n-00026250: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n-00026260: 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3331 206e 6574 5f3c s..15.1.31 net_<\n-00026270: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6d 6163 0a2d INTERFACE>_mac.-\n-00026280: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00026290: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 ----------..*Not\n-000262a0: 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a e Network::.....\n-000262b0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-000262c0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 Node: net__next_ser\n-000262e0: 7665 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f ver, Next: net_\n-000262f0: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 726f 6f74 _root\n-00026300: 7061 7468 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 path, Prev: net\n-00026310: 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6d 6163 __mac\n-00026320: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n-00026330: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-00026340: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3220 6e65 bles..15.1.32 ne\n-00026350: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6e65 t__ne\n-00026360: 7874 5f73 6572 7665 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d xt_server.------\n+000260e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 ---------..*Note\n+000260f0: 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 Network::.....F\n+00026100: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+00026110: 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 Node: net__ip, Next\n+00026130: 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 : net__mac, Prev: ne\n+00026150: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 686f t__ho\n+00026160: 7374 6e61 6d65 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 stname, Up: Spe\n+00026170: 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 cial environment\n+00026180: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 variables..15.1\n+00026190: 2e33 3020 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 .30 net__ip.---------\n+000261b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+000261c0: 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b -..*Note Network\n+000261d0: 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ::.....File: gru\n+000261e0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n+000261f0: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6d et__m\n+00026200: 6163 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f3c ac, Next: net_<\n+00026210: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6e 6578 745f INTERFACE>_next_\n+00026220: 7365 7276 6572 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e server, Prev: n\n+00026230: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f69 et__i\n+00026240: 702c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 p, Up: Special \n+00026250: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+00026260: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3331 206e ables..15.1.31 n\n+00026270: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f6d et__m\n+00026280: 6163 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ac.-------------\n+00026290: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+000262a0: 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e *Note Network::.\n+000262b0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+000262c0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f nfo, Node: net_\n+000262d0: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6e65 7874 _next\n+000262e0: 5f73 6572 7665 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 _server, Next: \n+000262f0: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n+00026300: 726f 6f74 7061 7468 2c20 2050 7265 763a rootpath, Prev:\n+00026310: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00026320: 5f6d 6163 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 _mac, Up: Speci\n+00026330: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n+00026340: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 ariables..15.1.3\n+00026350: 3220 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 2 net__next_server.--\n 00026370: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00026380: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a -------------..*\n-00026390: 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a Note Network::..\n-000263a0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-000263b0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c fo, Node: net_<\n-000263c0: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f72 6f6f 7470 INTERFACE>_rootp\n-000263d0: 6174 682c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f ath, Next: net_\n-000263e0: 6465 6661 756c 745f 696e 7465 7266 6163 default_interfac\n-000263f0: 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 e, Prev: net__next_s\n-00026410: 6572 7665 722c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 erver, Up: Spec\n-00026420: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n-00026430: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n-00026440: 3333 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 33 net__rootpath.----\n+00026380: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00026390: 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b -..*Note Network\n+000263a0: 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ::.....File: gru\n+000263b0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n+000263c0: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f72 et__r\n+000263d0: 6f6f 7470 6174 682c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 ootpath, Next: \n+000263e0: 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 696e 7465 net_default_inte\n+000263f0: 7266 6163 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 rface, Prev: ne\n+00026400: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6e65 t__ne\n+00026410: 7874 5f73 6572 7665 722c 2020 5570 3a20 xt_server, Up: \n+00026420: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n+00026430: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n+00026440: 352e 312e 3333 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5.1.33 net__rootpath.\n 00026460: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00026470: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e ------------..*N\n-00026480: 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a ote Network::...\n-00026490: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-000264a0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 o, Node: net_de\n-000264b0: 6661 756c 745f 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c fault_interface,\n-000264c0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 Next: net_defa\n-000264d0: 756c 745f 6970 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e ult_ip, Prev: n\n-000264e0: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f72 et__r\n-000264f0: 6f6f 7470 6174 682c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 ootpath, Up: Sp\n-00026500: 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ecial environmen\n-00026510: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e t variables..15.\n-00026520: 312e 3334 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 1.34 net_default\n-00026530: 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d _interface.-----\n+00026470: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00026480: 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a ..*Note Network:\n+00026490: 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 :.....File: grub\n+000264a0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 .info, Node: ne\n+000264b0: 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 696e 7465 7266 t_default_interf\n+000264c0: 6163 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f ace, Next: net_\n+000264d0: 6465 6661 756c 745f 6970 2c20 2050 7265 default_ip, Pre\n+000264e0: 763a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 v: net__rootpath, Up\n+00026500: 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f : Special enviro\n+00026510: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a nment variables.\n+00026520: 0a31 352e 312e 3334 206e 6574 5f64 6566 .15.1.34 net_def\n+00026530: 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a2d ault_interface.-\n 00026540: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00026550: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 --------..*Note \n-00026560: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 Network::.....Fi\n-00026570: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00026580: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c Node: net_defaul\n-00026590: 745f 6970 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 t_ip, Next: net\n-000265a0: 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 2c20 2050 _default_mac, P\n-000265b0: 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 rev: net_default\n-000265c0: 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 2055 703a _interface, Up:\n-000265d0: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n-000265e0: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a ment variables..\n-000265f0: 3135 2e31 2e33 3520 6e65 745f 6465 6661 15.1.35 net_defa\n-00026600: 756c 745f 6970 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ult_ip.---------\n-00026610: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a -------------..*\n-00026620: 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a Note Network::..\n-00026630: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00026640: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 fo, Node: net_d\n-00026650: 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 2c20 204e 6578 efault_mac, Nex\n-00026660: 743a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 t: net_default_s\n-00026670: 6572 7665 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 erver, Prev: ne\n-00026680: 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6970 2c20 2055 t_default_ip, U\n-00026690: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n-000266a0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-000266b0: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3620 6e65 745f 6465 ..15.1.36 net_de\n-000266c0: 6661 756c 745f 6d61 630a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d fault_mac.------\n+00026550: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e ------------..*N\n+00026560: 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a ote Network::...\n+00026570: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00026580: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 o, Node: net_de\n+00026590: 6661 756c 745f 6970 2c20 204e 6578 743a fault_ip, Next:\n+000265a0: 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 net_default_mac\n+000265b0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 , Prev: net_def\n+000265c0: 6175 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2c20 ault_interface, \n+000265d0: 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 Up: Special env\n+000265e0: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n+000265f0: 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3520 6e65 745f es..15.1.35 net_\n+00026600: 6465 6661 756c 745f 6970 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d default_ip.-----\n+00026610: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00026620: 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b -..*Note Network\n+00026630: 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ::.....File: gru\n+00026640: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n+00026650: 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f6d 6163 2c20 et_default_mac, \n+00026660: 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 Next: net_defau\n+00026670: 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 722c 2020 5072 6576 lt_server, Prev\n+00026680: 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6970 : net_default_ip\n+00026690: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n+000266a0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+000266b0: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3620 6e65 bles..15.1.36 ne\n+000266c0: 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6d61 630a 2d2d t_default_mac.--\n 000266d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000266e0: 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b -..*Note Network\n-000266f0: 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ::.....File: gru\n-00026700: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n-00026710: 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 et_default_serve\n-00026720: 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7061 6765 722c r, Next: pager,\n-00026730: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 Prev: net_defa\n-00026740: 756c 745f 6d61 632c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 ult_mac, Up: Sp\n-00026750: 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ecial environmen\n-00026760: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e t variables..15.\n-00026770: 312e 3337 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 1.37 net_default\n-00026780: 5f73 6572 7665 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _server.--------\n+000266e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 -----..*Note Net\n+000266f0: 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a work::.....File:\n+00026700: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00026710: 653a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 e: net_default_s\n+00026720: 6572 7665 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7061 erver, Next: pa\n+00026730: 6765 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f ger, Prev: net_\n+00026740: 6465 6661 756c 745f 6d61 632c 2020 5570 default_mac, Up\n+00026750: 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f : Special enviro\n+00026760: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a nment variables.\n+00026770: 0a31 352e 312e 3337 206e 6574 5f64 6566 .15.1.37 net_def\n+00026780: 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 720a 2d2d 2d2d ault_server.----\n 00026790: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000267a0: 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 --..*Note Networ\n-000267b0: 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 k::.....File: gr\n-000267c0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-000267d0: 7061 6765 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7072 pager, Next: pr\n-000267e0: 6566 6978 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 efix, Prev: net\n-000267f0: 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 722c _default_server,\n-00026800: 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e Up: Special en\n-00026810: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n-00026820: 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3338 2070 6167 les..15.1.38 pag\n-00026830: 6572 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d er.-------------\n-00026840: 0a0a 4966 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9831 ..If set to ...1\n-00026850: e280 992c 2070 6175 7365 206f 7574 7075 ..., pause outpu\n-00026860: 7420 6166 7465 7220 6561 6368 2073 6372 t after each scr\n-00026870: 6565 6e66 756c 2061 6e64 2077 6169 7420 eenful and wait \n-00026880: 666f 7220 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 0a69 6e70 for keyboard.inp\n-00026890: 7574 2e20 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 ut. The default\n-000268a0: 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 746f 2070 6175 7365 is not to pause\n-000268b0: 206f 7574 7075 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 output.....File\n-000268c0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-000268d0: 6465 3a20 7072 6566 6978 2c20 204e 6578 de: prefix, Nex\n-000268e0: 743a 2070 7865 5f62 6c6b 7369 7a65 2c20 t: pxe_blksize, \n-000268f0: 2050 7265 763a 2070 6167 6572 2c20 2055 Prev: pager, U\n-00026900: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n-00026910: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n-00026920: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3920 7072 6566 6978 ..15.1.39 prefix\n-00026930: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a .--------------.\n-00026940: 0a54 6865 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 .The location of\n-00026950: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 the .../boot/gr\n-00026960: 7562 e280 9920 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 ub... directory \n-00026970: 6173 2061 6e20 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2066 as an absolute f\n-00026980: 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 ile name.(*note \n-00026990: 4669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7379 6e74 6178 File name syntax\n-000269a0: 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6e6f ::). This is no\n-000269b0: 726d 616c 6c79 2073 6574 2062 7920 4752 rmally set by GR\n-000269c0: 5542 2061 7420 7374 6172 7475 700a 6261 UB at startup.ba\n-000269d0: 7365 6420 6f6e 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 sed on informati\n-000269e0: 6f6e 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 20e2 on provided by .\n-000269f0: 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 ..grub-install..\n-00026a00: 992e 2020 4752 5542 206d 6f64 756c 6573 .. GRUB modules\n-00026a10: 2061 7265 0a64 796e 616d 6963 616c 6c79 are.dynamically\n-00026a20: 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6869 loaded from thi\n-00026a30: 7320 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792c 2073 6f20 s directory, so \n-00026a40: 6974 206d 7573 7420 6265 2073 6574 2063 it must be set c\n-00026a50: 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 2069 6e0a 6f72 6465 orrectly in.orde\n-00026a60: 7220 666f 7220 6d61 6e79 2070 6172 7473 r for many parts\n-00026a70: 206f 6620 4752 5542 2074 6f20 776f 726b of GRUB to work\n-00026a80: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00026a90: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 7865 info, Node: pxe\n-00026aa0: 5f62 6c6b 7369 7a65 2c20 204e 6578 743a _blksize, Next:\n-00026ab0: 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f67 6174 pxe_default_gat\n-00026ac0: 6577 6179 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2070 7265 eway, Prev: pre\n-00026ad0: 6669 782c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 fix, Up: Specia\n-00026ae0: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n-00026af0: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3430 riables..15.1.40\n-00026b00: 2070 7865 5f62 6c6b 7369 7a65 0a2d 2d2d pxe_blksize.---\n-00026b10: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00026b20: 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 6f72 6b3a ..*Note Network:\n-00026b30: 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 :.....File: grub\n-00026b40: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7078 .info, Node: px\n-00026b50: 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6761 7465 7761 e_default_gatewa\n-00026b60: 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7078 655f 6465 y, Next: pxe_de\n-00026b70: 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 2c20 2050 fault_server, P\n-00026b80: 7265 763a 2070 7865 5f62 6c6b 7369 7a65 rev: pxe_blksize\n-00026b90: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n-00026ba0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-00026bb0: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 3120 7078 bles..15.1.41 px\n-00026bc0: 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6761 7465 7761 e_default_gatewa\n-00026bd0: 790a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d y.--------------\n-00026be0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a -------------..*\n-00026bf0: 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a Note Network::..\n-00026c00: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00026c10: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 7865 5f64 fo, Node: pxe_d\n-00026c20: 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 722c 2020 efault_server, \n-00026c30: 4e65 7874 3a20 726f 6f74 2c20 2050 7265 Next: root, Pre\n-00026c40: 763a 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f67 v: pxe_default_g\n-00026c50: 6174 6577 6179 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 ateway, Up: Spe\n-00026c60: 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 cial environment\n-00026c70: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 variables..15.1\n-00026c80: 2e34 3220 7078 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f .42 pxe_default_\n-00026c90: 7365 7276 6572 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d server.---------\n+000267a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 ------..*Note Ne\n+000267b0: 7477 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 twork::.....File\n+000267c0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+000267d0: 6465 3a20 7061 6765 722c 2020 4e65 7874 de: pager, Next\n+000267e0: 3a20 7072 6566 6978 2c20 2050 7265 763a : prefix, Prev:\n+000267f0: 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 net_default_ser\n+00026800: 7665 722c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 ver, Up: Specia\n+00026810: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n+00026820: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3338 riables..15.1.38\n+00026830: 2070 6167 6572 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d pager.---------\n+00026840: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2073 6574 2074 6f20 ----..If set to \n+00026850: e280 9831 e280 992c 2070 6175 7365 206f ...1..., pause o\n+00026860: 7574 7075 7420 6166 7465 7220 6561 6368 utput after each\n+00026870: 2073 6372 6565 6e66 756c 2061 6e64 2077 screenful and w\n+00026880: 6169 7420 666f 7220 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 ait for keyboard\n+00026890: 0a69 6e70 7574 2e20 2054 6865 2064 6566 .input. The def\n+000268a0: 6175 6c74 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 746f 2070 ault is not to p\n+000268b0: 6175 7365 206f 7574 7075 742e 0a0a 1f0a ause output.....\n+000268c0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+000268d0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7072 6566 6978 2c20 Node: prefix, \n+000268e0: 204e 6578 743a 2070 7865 5f62 6c6b 7369 Next: pxe_blksi\n+000268f0: 7a65 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2070 6167 6572 ze, Prev: pager\n+00026900: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n+00026910: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+00026920: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 3920 7072 bles..15.1.39 pr\n+00026930: 6566 6978 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d efix.-----------\n+00026940: 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 206c 6f63 6174 696f ---..The locatio\n+00026950: 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f n of the .../boo\n+00026960: 742f 6772 7562 e280 9920 6469 7265 6374 t/grub... direct\n+00026970: 6f72 7920 6173 2061 6e20 6162 736f 6c75 ory as an absolu\n+00026980: 7465 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 0a28 2a6e te file name.(*n\n+00026990: 6f74 6520 4669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7379 ote File name sy\n+000269a0: 6e74 6178 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 6973 2069 ntax::). This i\n+000269b0: 7320 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2073 6574 2062 s normally set b\n+000269c0: 7920 4752 5542 2061 7420 7374 6172 7475 y GRUB at startu\n+000269d0: 700a 6261 7365 6420 6f6e 2069 6e66 6f72 p.based on infor\n+000269e0: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 mation provided \n+000269f0: 6279 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 by ...grub-insta\n+00026a00: 6c6c e280 992e 2020 4752 5542 206d 6f64 ll.... GRUB mod\n+00026a10: 756c 6573 2061 7265 0a64 796e 616d 6963 ules are.dynamic\n+00026a20: 616c 6c79 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6672 6f6d ally loaded from\n+00026a30: 2074 6869 7320 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792c this directory,\n+00026a40: 2073 6f20 6974 206d 7573 7420 6265 2073 so it must be s\n+00026a50: 6574 2063 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 2069 6e0a et correctly in.\n+00026a60: 6f72 6465 7220 666f 7220 6d61 6e79 2070 order for many p\n+00026a70: 6172 7473 206f 6620 4752 5542 2074 6f20 arts of GRUB to \n+00026a80: 776f 726b 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 work.....File: g\n+00026a90: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00026aa0: 2070 7865 5f62 6c6b 7369 7a65 2c20 204e pxe_blksize, N\n+00026ab0: 6578 743a 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 ext: pxe_default\n+00026ac0: 5f67 6174 6577 6179 2c20 2050 7265 763a _gateway, Prev:\n+00026ad0: 2070 7265 6669 782c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 prefix, Up: Sp\n+00026ae0: 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ecial environmen\n+00026af0: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e t variables..15.\n+00026b00: 312e 3430 2070 7865 5f62 6c6b 7369 7a65 1.40 pxe_blksize\n+00026b10: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+00026b20: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2a4e 6f74 6520 4e65 7477 ----..*Note Netw\n+00026b30: 6f72 6b3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ork::.....File: \n+00026b40: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00026b50: 3a20 7078 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6761 : pxe_default_ga\n+00026b60: 7465 7761 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7078 teway, Next: px\n+00026b70: 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 e_default_server\n+00026b80: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2070 7865 5f62 6c6b , Prev: pxe_blk\n+00026b90: 7369 7a65 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 size, Up: Speci\n+00026ba0: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n+00026bb0: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 ariables..15.1.4\n+00026bc0: 3120 7078 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 6761 1 pxe_default_ga\n+00026bd0: 7465 7761 790a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d teway.----------\n+00026be0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00026bf0: 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b -..*Note Network\n+00026c00: 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ::.....File: gru\n+00026c10: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 b.info, Node: p\n+00026c20: 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 7665 xe_default_serve\n+00026c30: 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 726f 6f74 2c20 r, Next: root, \n+00026c40: 2050 7265 763a 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 Prev: pxe_defau\n+00026c50: 6c74 5f67 6174 6577 6179 2c20 2055 703a lt_gateway, Up:\n+00026c60: 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Special environ\n+00026c70: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a ment variables..\n+00026c80: 3135 2e31 2e34 3220 7078 655f 6465 6661 15.1.42 pxe_defa\n+00026c90: 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d ult_server.-----\n 00026ca0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00026cb0: 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 776f 726b -..*Note Network\n-00026cc0: 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ::.....File: gru\n-00026cd0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2072 b.info, Node: r\n-00026ce0: 6f6f 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7368 696d oot, Next: shim\n-00026cf0: 5f6c 6f63 6b2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7078 _lock, Prev: px\n-00026d00: 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 7276 6572 e_default_server\n-00026d10: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 , Up: Special e\n-00026d20: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-00026d30: 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 3320 726f bles..15.1.43 ro\n-00026d40: 6f74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ot.------------.\n-00026d50: 0a54 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6465 7669 6365 .The root device\n-00026d60: 206e 616d 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 2044 6576 name (*note Dev\n-00026d70: 6963 6520 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 292e 2020 ice syntax::). \n-00026d80: 416e 7920 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6573 2074 Any file names t\n-00026d90: 6861 7420 646f 0a6e 6f74 2073 7065 6369 hat do.not speci\n-00026da0: 6679 2061 6e20 6578 706c 6963 6974 2064 fy an explicit d\n-00026db0: 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2061 7265 2072 evice name are r\n-00026dc0: 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6869 7320 6465 ead from this de\n-00026dd0: 7669 6365 2e20 2054 6865 0a64 6566 6175 vice. The.defau\n-00026de0: 6c74 2069 7320 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2073 lt is normally s\n-00026df0: 6574 2062 7920 4752 5542 2061 7420 7374 et by GRUB at st\n-00026e00: 6172 7475 7020 6261 7365 6420 6f6e 2074 artup based on t\n-00026e10: 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 660a e280 9870 he value of....p\n-00026e20: 7265 6669 78e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 refix... (*note \n-00026e30: 7072 6566 6978 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2046 prefix::)... F\n-00026e40: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6966 2047 or example, if G\n-00026e50: 5255 4220 7761 7320 696e 7374 616c 6c65 RUB was installe\n-00026e60: 6420 746f 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2070 d to the first p\n-00026e70: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 650a artition of the.\n-00026e80: 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b2c first hard disk,\n-00026e90: 2074 6865 6e20 e280 9870 7265 6669 78e2 then ...prefix.\n-00026ea0: 8099 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 7365 7420 .. might be set \n-00026eb0: 746f 20e2 8098 2868 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 to ...(hd0,msdos\n-00026ec0: 3129 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 990a 1)/boot/grub....\n-00026ed0: 616e 6420 e280 9872 6f6f 74e2 8099 2074 and ...root... t\n-00026ee0: 6f20 e280 9868 6430 2c6d 7364 6f73 31e2 o ...hd0,msdos1.\n-00026ef0: 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 .......File: gru\n-00026f00: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 b.info, Node: s\n-00026f10: 6869 6d5f 6c6f 636b 2c20 204e 6578 743a him_lock, Next:\n-00026f20: 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 732c 2020 5072 superusers, Pr\n-00026f30: 6576 3a20 726f 6f74 2c20 2055 703a 2053 ev: root, Up: S\n-00026f40: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n-00026f50: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n-00026f60: 2e31 2e34 3420 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b0a .1.44 shim_lock.\n-00026f70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00026f80: 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 6172 6961 -..If this varia\n-00026f90: 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 ble is set to ..\n-00026fa0: 9879 e280 992c 2069 7420 6d65 616e 7320 .y..., it means \n-00026fb0: 7468 6174 2074 6865 2073 6869 6d5f 6c6f that the shim_lo\n-00026fc0: 636b 2076 6572 6966 6965 7220 6973 0a72 ck verifier is.r\n-00026fd0: 6567 6973 7465 7265 6420 2873 6565 202a egistered (see *\n-00026fe0: 6e6f 7465 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 note UEFI secure\n-00026ff0: 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7368 696d 3a3a boot and shim::\n-00027000: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ).....File: grub\n-00027010: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7375 .info, Node: su\n-00027020: 7065 7275 7365 7273 2c20 204e 6578 743a perusers, Next:\n-00027030: 2074 6865 6d65 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 theme, Prev: s\n-00027040: 6869 6d5f 6c6f 636b 2c20 2055 703a 2053 him_lock, Up: S\n-00027050: 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 pecial environme\n-00027060: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 nt variables..15\n-00027070: 2e31 2e34 3520 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 .1.45 superusers\n-00027080: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n-00027090: 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 ---..This variab\n-000270a0: 6c65 206d 6179 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f le may be set to\n-000270b0: 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2073 7570 6572 a list of super\n-000270c0: 7573 6572 206e 616d 6573 2074 6f20 656e user names to en\n-000270d0: 6162 6c65 0a61 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 able.authenticat\n-000270e0: 696f 6e20 7375 7070 6f72 742e 2020 2a4e ion support. *N\n-000270f0: 6f74 6520 5365 6375 7269 7479 3a3a 2e0a ote Security::..\n-00027100: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00027110: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2074 6865 6d65 fo, Node: theme\n-00027120: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2074 696d 656f 7574 , Next: timeout\n-00027130: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 7570 6572 7573 , Prev: superus\n-00027140: 6572 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 ers, Up: Specia\n-00027150: 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 l environment va\n-00027160: 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3436 riables..15.1.46\n-00027170: 2074 6865 6d65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d theme.---------\n-00027180: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 ----..This varia\n-00027190: 626c 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2073 6574 2074 ble may be set t\n-000271a0: 6f20 6120 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 636f o a directory co\n-000271b0: 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 ntaining a GRUB \n-000271c0: 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c20 6d65 6e75 0a74 graphical menu.t\n-000271d0: 6865 6d65 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2054 6865 heme. *Note The\n-000271e0: 6d65 2066 696c 6520 666f 726d 6174 3a3a me file format::\n-000271f0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 ... This varia\n-00027200: 626c 6520 6973 206f 6674 656e 2073 6574 ble is often set\n-00027210: 2062 7920 e280 9847 5255 425f 5448 454d by ...GRUB_THEM\n-00027220: 45e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 E... (*note Simp\n-00027230: 6c65 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e le.configuration\n-00027240: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ::).....File: gr\n-00027250: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00027260: 7469 6d65 6f75 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 timeout, Next: \n-00027270: 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 7374 796c 652c 2020 timeout_style, \n-00027280: 5072 6576 3a20 7468 656d 652c 2020 5570 Prev: theme, Up\n-00027290: 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f : Special enviro\n-000272a0: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a nment variables.\n-000272b0: 0a31 352e 312e 3437 2074 696d 656f 7574 .15.1.47 timeout\n-000272c0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n-000272d0: 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 ..If this variab\n-000272e0: 6c65 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 7420 7370 le is set, it sp\n-000272f0: 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 7469 6d65 ecifies the time\n-00027300: 2069 6e20 7365 636f 6e64 7320 746f 2077 in seconds to w\n-00027310: 6169 7420 666f 720a 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 ait for.keyboard\n-00027320: 2069 6e70 7574 2062 6566 6f72 6520 626f input before bo\n-00027330: 6f74 696e 6720 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c oting the defaul\n-00027340: 7420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2e20 2041 t menu entry. A\n-00027350: 2074 696d 656f 7574 206f 6620 e280 9830 timeout of ...0\n-00027360: e280 990a 6d65 616e 7320 746f 2062 6f6f ....means to boo\n-00027370: 7420 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 656e t the default en\n-00027380: 7472 7920 696d 6d65 6469 6174 656c 7920 try immediately \n-00027390: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6469 7370 6c61 7969 without displayi\n-000273a0: 6e67 2074 6865 206d 656e 753b 0a61 2074 ng the menu;.a t\n-000273b0: 696d 656f 7574 206f 6620 e280 982d 31e2 imeout of ...-1.\n-000273c0: 8099 2028 6f72 2075 6e73 6574 2920 6d65 .. (or unset) me\n-000273d0: 616e 7320 746f 2077 6169 7420 696e 6465 ans to wait inde\n-000273e0: 6669 6e69 7465 6c79 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 finitely... If\n-000273f0: 20e2 8098 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 7374 796c ...timeout_styl\n-00027400: 65e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7469 6d65 e... (*note time\n-00027410: 6f75 745f 7374 796c 653a 3a29 2069 7320 out_style::) is \n-00027420: 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 636f 756e 7464 set to ...countd\n-00027430: 6f77 6ee2 8099 206f 720a e280 9868 6964 own... or....hid\n-00027440: 6465 6ee2 8099 2c20 7468 6520 7469 6d65 den..., the time\n-00027450: 6f75 7420 6973 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2063 out is instead c\n-00027460: 6f75 6e74 6564 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7468 ounted before th\n-00027470: 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 7320 6469 7370 6c61 e menu is displa\n-00027480: 7965 642e 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 7320 7661 yed... This va\n-00027490: 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 6f66 7465 6e20 riable is often \n-000274a0: 7365 7420 6279 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 set by ...GRUB_T\n-000274b0: 494d 454f 5554 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 IMEOUT... (*note\n-000274c0: 2053 696d 706c 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 Simple.configur\n-000274d0: 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ation::).....Fil\n-000274e0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-000274f0: 6f64 653a 2074 696d 656f 7574 5f73 7479 ode: timeout_sty\n-00027500: 6c65 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2074 706d 5f66 le, Next: tpm_f\n-00027510: 6169 6c5f 6661 7461 6c2c 2020 5072 6576 ail_fatal, Prev\n-00027520: 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 742c 2020 5570 3a20 : timeout, Up: \n-00027530: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n-00027540: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 ent variables..1\n-00027550: 352e 312e 3438 2074 696d 656f 7574 5f73 5.1.48 timeout_s\n-00027560: 7479 6c65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tyle.-----------\n-00027570: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 ----------..This\n-00027580: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6d61 7920 6265 variable may be\n-00027590: 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 986d 656e 75e2 set to ...menu.\n-000275a0: 8099 2c20 e280 9863 6f75 6e74 646f 776e .., ...countdown\n-000275b0: e280 992c 206f 7220 e280 9868 6964 6465 ..., or ...hidde\n-000275c0: 6ee2 8099 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 726f 6c0a n... to control.\n-000275d0: 7468 6520 7761 7920 696e 2077 6869 6368 the way in which\n-000275e0: 2074 6865 2074 696d 656f 7574 2028 2a6e the timeout (*n\n-000275f0: 6f74 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 743a 3a29 2069 ote timeout::) i\n-00027600: 6e74 6572 6163 7473 2077 6974 6820 6469 nteracts with di\n-00027610: 7370 6c61 7969 6e67 0a74 6865 206d 656e splaying.the men\n-00027620: 752e 2020 5365 6520 7468 6520 646f 6375 u. See the docu\n-00027630: 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 20e2 8098 mentation of ...\n-00027640: 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 5f53 5459 GRUB_TIMEOUT_STY\n-00027650: 4c45 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2053 696d LE... (*note Sim\n-00027660: 706c 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f ple.configuratio\n-00027670: 6e3a 3a29 2066 6f72 2064 6574 6169 6c73 n::) for details\n-00027680: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00027690: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2074 706d info, Node: tpm\n-000276a0: 5f66 6169 6c5f 6661 7461 6c2c 2020 5072 _fail_fatal, Pr\n-000276b0: 6576 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 7374 796c ev: timeout_styl\n-000276c0: 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 e, Up: Special \n-000276d0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-000276e0: 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3439 2074 ables..15.1.49 t\n-000276f0: 706d 5f66 6169 6c5f 6661 7461 6c0a 2d2d pm_fail_fatal.--\n-00027700: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00027710: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 ----..If this va\n-00027720: 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 7420 616e riable is set an\n-00027730: 6420 7472 7565 2028 692e 652e 2c20 6e6f d true (i.e., no\n-00027740: 7420 7365 7420 746f 2022 3022 2c20 2266 t set to \"0\", \"f\n-00027750: 616c 7365 222c 0a22 6469 7361 626c 6522 alse\",.\"disable\"\n-00027760: 2c20 6f72 2022 6e6f 2229 2c20 5450 4d20 , or \"no\"), TPM \n-00027770: 6d65 6173 7572 656d 656e 7473 2074 6861 measurements tha\n-00027780: 7420 6661 696c 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2074 t fail will be t\n-00027790: 7265 6174 6564 2061 730a 6661 7461 6c2e reated as.fatal.\n-000277a0: 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c 2074 6865 Otherwise, the\n-000277b0: 7920 7769 6c6c 206d 6572 656c 7920 6265 y will merely be\n-000277c0: 2064 6562 7567 2d6c 6f67 6765 6420 616e debug-logged an\n-000277d0: 6420 626f 6f74 2077 696c 6c0a 636f 6e74 d boot will.cont\n-000277e0: 696e 7565 2e0a 0a20 2020 4361 6c6c 2074 inue... Call t\n-000277f0: 6f20 4546 4920 6669 726d 7761 7265 2c20 o EFI firmware, \n-00027800: 6c69 6b65 2068 6173 685f 6c6f 675f 6578 like hash_log_ex\n-00027810: 7465 6e64 5f65 7665 6e74 2829 2c20 6361 tend_event(), ca\n-00027820: 6e20 7265 7475 726e 2061 6e0a 756e 6b6e n return an.unkn\n-00027830: 6f77 6e20 6572 726f 722c 2069 2e65 2e20 own error, i.e. \n-00027840: 2064 7565 2074 6f20 6275 6720 7072 6573 due to bug pres\n-00027850: 656e 7420 696e 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e ent in firmware.\n-00027860: 2020 5768 656e 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 When this vari\n-00027870: 6162 6c65 0a69 7320 7365 7420 616e 6420 able.is set and \n-00027880: 7472 7565 2028 7361 6d65 2076 616c 7565 true (same value\n-00027890: 7320 6173 2077 6974 6820 5450 4d20 6d65 s as with TPM me\n-000278a0: 6173 7572 656d 656e 7473 2920 7468 6973 asurements) this\n-000278b0: 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 0a77 696c 6c20 situation.will \n-000278c0: 6265 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 746f be considered to\n-000278d0: 2062 6520 6661 7461 6c20 616e 6420 6572 be fatal and er\n-000278e0: 726f 722d 6c6f 6767 6564 2061 7320 2275 ror-logged as \"u\n-000278f0: 6e6b 6e6f 776e 2054 504d 2065 7272 6f72 nknown TPM error\n-00027900: 222e 0a49 6620 6e6f 7420 7365 742c 2062 \"..If not set, b\n-00027910: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2074 6865 204f 5320 7769 ooting the OS wi\n-00027920: 6c6c 2062 6520 656e 6162 6c65 642e 0a0a ll be enabled...\n-00027930: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00027940: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 456e 7669 726f o, Node: Enviro\n-00027950: 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b2c 2020 5072 nment block, Pr\n-00027960: 6576 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 ev: Special envi\n-00027970: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n-00027980: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d s, Up: Environm\n-00027990: 656e 740a 0a31 352e 3220 5468 6520 4752 ent..15.2 The GR\n-000279a0: 5542 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 UB environment b\n-000279b0: 6c6f 636b 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d lock.===========\n+00026cb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a2a 4e6f 7465 204e 6574 -----..*Note Net\n+00026cc0: 776f 726b 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a work::.....File:\n+00026cd0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00026ce0: 653a 2072 6f6f 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 e: root, Next: \n+00026cf0: 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b2c 2020 5072 6576 shim_lock, Prev\n+00026d00: 3a20 7078 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 : pxe_default_se\n+00026d10: 7276 6572 2c20 2055 703a 2053 7065 6369 rver, Up: Speci\n+00026d20: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n+00026d30: 6172 6961 626c 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 ariables..15.1.4\n+00026d40: 3320 726f 6f74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 3 root.---------\n+00026d50: 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 2072 6f6f 7420 6465 ---..The root de\n+00026d60: 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 vice name (*note\n+00026d70: 2044 6576 6963 6520 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a Device syntax::\n+00026d80: 292e 2020 416e 7920 6669 6c65 206e 616d ). Any file nam\n+00026d90: 6573 2074 6861 7420 646f 0a6e 6f74 2073 es that do.not s\n+00026da0: 7065 6369 6679 2061 6e20 6578 706c 6963 pecify an explic\n+00026db0: 6974 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2061 it device name a\n+00026dc0: 7265 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6869 re read from thi\n+00026dd0: 7320 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2054 6865 0a64 s device. The.d\n+00026de0: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 6e6f 726d 616c efault is normal\n+00026df0: 6c79 2073 6574 2062 7920 4752 5542 2061 ly set by GRUB a\n+00026e00: 7420 7374 6172 7475 7020 6261 7365 6420 t startup based \n+00026e10: 6f6e 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 660a on the value of.\n+00026e20: e280 9870 7265 6669 78e2 8099 2028 2a6e ...prefix... (*n\n+00026e30: 6f74 6520 7072 6566 6978 3a3a 292e 0a0a ote prefix::)...\n+00026e40: 2020 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 For example, \n+00026e50: 6966 2047 5255 4220 7761 7320 696e 7374 if GRUB was inst\n+00026e60: 616c 6c65 6420 746f 2074 6865 2066 6972 alled to the fir\n+00026e70: 7374 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 st partition of \n+00026e80: 7468 650a 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 the.first hard d\n+00026e90: 6973 6b2c 2074 6865 6e20 e280 9870 7265 isk, then ...pre\n+00026ea0: 6669 78e2 8099 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 fix... might be \n+00026eb0: 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 2868 6430 2c6d set to ...(hd0,m\n+00026ec0: 7364 6f73 3129 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 sdos1)/boot/grub\n+00026ed0: e280 990a 616e 6420 e280 9872 6f6f 74e2 ....and ...root.\n+00026ee0: 8099 2074 6f20 e280 9868 6430 2c6d 7364 .. to ...hd0,msd\n+00026ef0: 6f73 31e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a os1........File:\n+00026f00: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00026f10: 653a 2073 6869 6d5f 6c6f 636b 2c20 204e e: shim_lock, N\n+00026f20: 6578 743a 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 732c ext: superusers,\n+00026f30: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 726f 6f74 2c20 2055 Prev: root, U\n+00026f40: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n+00026f50: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n+00026f60: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 3420 7368 696d 5f6c ..15.1.44 shim_l\n+00026f70: 6f63 6b0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ock.------------\n+00026f80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2076 -----..If this v\n+00026f90: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2074 ariable is set t\n+00026fa0: 6f20 e280 9879 e280 992c 2069 7420 6d65 o ...y..., it me\n+00026fb0: 616e 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 2073 6869 ans that the shi\n+00026fc0: 6d5f 6c6f 636b 2076 6572 6966 6965 7220 m_lock verifier \n+00026fd0: 6973 0a72 6567 6973 7465 7265 6420 2873 is.registered (s\n+00026fe0: 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2055 4546 4920 7365 ee *note UEFI se\n+00026ff0: 6375 7265 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7368 cure boot and sh\n+00027000: 696d 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 im::).....File: \n+00027010: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00027020: 3a20 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 2c20 204e : superusers, N\n+00027030: 6578 743a 2074 6865 6d65 2c20 2050 7265 ext: theme, Pre\n+00027040: 763a 2073 6869 6d5f 6c6f 636b 2c20 2055 v: shim_lock, U\n+00027050: 703a 2053 7065 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 p: Special envir\n+00027060: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 onment variables\n+00027070: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e34 3520 7375 7065 7275 ..15.1.45 superu\n+00027080: 7365 7273 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d sers.-----------\n+00027090: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 7661 -------..This va\n+000270a0: 7269 6162 6c65 206d 6179 2062 6520 7365 riable may be se\n+000270b0: 7420 746f 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2073 t to a list of s\n+000270c0: 7570 6572 7573 6572 206e 616d 6573 2074 uperuser names t\n+000270d0: 6f20 656e 6162 6c65 0a61 7574 6865 6e74 o enable.authent\n+000270e0: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7375 7070 6f72 742e ication support.\n+000270f0: 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 7269 7479 *Note Security\n+00027100: 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ::.....File: gru\n+00027110: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2074 b.info, Node: t\n+00027120: 6865 6d65 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2074 696d heme, Next: tim\n+00027130: 656f 7574 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 7570 eout, Prev: sup\n+00027140: 6572 7573 6572 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 erusers, Up: Sp\n+00027150: 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ecial environmen\n+00027160: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e t variables..15.\n+00027170: 312e 3436 2074 6865 6d65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 1.46 theme.-----\n+00027180: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2076 --------..This v\n+00027190: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2073 ariable may be s\n+000271a0: 6574 2074 6f20 6120 6469 7265 6374 6f72 et to a director\n+000271b0: 7920 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 2061 2047 y containing a G\n+000271c0: 5255 4220 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c20 6d65 RUB graphical me\n+000271d0: 6e75 0a74 6865 6d65 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 nu.theme. *Note\n+000271e0: 2054 6865 6d65 2066 696c 6520 666f 726d Theme file form\n+000271f0: 6174 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6973 2076 at::... This v\n+00027200: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 206f 6674 656e ariable is often\n+00027210: 2073 6574 2062 7920 e280 9847 5255 425f set by ...GRUB_\n+00027220: 5448 454d 45e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 THEME... (*note \n+00027230: 5369 6d70 6c65 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 Simple.configura\n+00027240: 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 tion::).....File\n+00027250: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00027260: 6465 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 742c 2020 4e65 de: timeout, Ne\n+00027270: 7874 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 7374 796c xt: timeout_styl\n+00027280: 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7468 656d 652c e, Prev: theme,\n+00027290: 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e Up: Special en\n+000272a0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n+000272b0: 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3437 2074 696d les..15.1.47 tim\n+000272c0: 656f 7574 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d eout.-----------\n+000272d0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 7320 7661 ----..If this va\n+000272e0: 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 742c 2069 riable is set, i\n+000272f0: 7420 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6520 t specifies the \n+00027300: 7469 6d65 2069 6e20 7365 636f 6e64 7320 time in seconds \n+00027310: 746f 2077 6169 7420 666f 720a 6b65 7962 to wait for.keyb\n+00027320: 6f61 7264 2069 6e70 7574 2062 6566 6f72 oard input befor\n+00027330: 6520 626f 6f74 696e 6720 7468 6520 6465 e booting the de\n+00027340: 6661 756c 7420 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 fault menu entry\n+00027350: 2e20 2041 2074 696d 656f 7574 206f 6620 . A timeout of \n+00027360: e280 9830 e280 990a 6d65 616e 7320 746f ...0....means to\n+00027370: 2062 6f6f 7420 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c boot the defaul\n+00027380: 7420 656e 7472 7920 696d 6d65 6469 6174 t entry immediat\n+00027390: 656c 7920 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6469 7370 ely without disp\n+000273a0: 6c61 7969 6e67 2074 6865 206d 656e 753b laying the menu;\n+000273b0: 0a61 2074 696d 656f 7574 206f 6620 e280 .a timeout of ..\n+000273c0: 982d 31e2 8099 2028 6f72 2075 6e73 6574 .-1... (or unset\n+000273d0: 2920 6d65 616e 7320 746f 2077 6169 7420 ) means to wait \n+000273e0: 696e 6465 6669 6e69 7465 6c79 2e0a 0a20 indefinitely... \n+000273f0: 2020 4966 20e2 8098 7469 6d65 6f75 745f If ...timeout_\n+00027400: 7374 796c 65e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 style... (*note \n+00027410: 7469 6d65 6f75 745f 7374 796c 653a 3a29 timeout_style::)\n+00027420: 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 636f is set to ...co\n+00027430: 756e 7464 6f77 6ee2 8099 206f 720a e280 untdown... or...\n+00027440: 9868 6964 6465 6ee2 8099 2c20 7468 6520 .hidden..., the \n+00027450: 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 6973 2069 6e73 7465 timeout is inste\n+00027460: 6164 2063 6f75 6e74 6564 2062 6566 6f72 ad counted befor\n+00027470: 6520 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2069 7320 6469 e the menu is di\n+00027480: 7370 6c61 7965 642e 0a0a 2020 2054 6869 splayed... Thi\n+00027490: 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 6f66 s variable is of\n+000274a0: 7465 6e20 7365 7420 6279 20e2 8098 4752 ten set by ...GR\n+000274b0: 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 e280 9920 282a UB_TIMEOUT... (*\n+000274c0: 6e6f 7465 2053 696d 706c 650a 636f 6e66 note Simple.conf\n+000274d0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f iguration::)....\n+000274e0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+000274f0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2074 696d 656f 7574 , Node: timeout\n+00027500: 5f73 7479 6c65 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2074 _style, Next: t\n+00027510: 706d 5f66 6169 6c5f 6661 7461 6c2c 2020 pm_fail_fatal, \n+00027520: 5072 6576 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 742c 2020 Prev: timeout, \n+00027530: 5570 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 Up: Special envi\n+00027540: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n+00027550: 730a 0a31 352e 312e 3438 2074 696d 656f s..15.1.48 timeo\n+00027560: 7574 5f73 7479 6c65 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ut_style.-------\n+00027570: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+00027580: 5468 6973 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6d61 This variable ma\n+00027590: 7920 6265 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 986d y be set to ...m\n+000275a0: 656e 75e2 8099 2c20 e280 9863 6f75 6e74 enu..., ...count\n+000275b0: 646f 776e e280 992c 206f 7220 e280 9868 down..., or ...h\n+000275c0: 6964 6465 6ee2 8099 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 idden... to cont\n+000275d0: 726f 6c0a 7468 6520 7761 7920 696e 2077 rol.the way in w\n+000275e0: 6869 6368 2074 6865 2074 696d 656f 7574 hich the timeout\n+000275f0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7469 6d65 6f75 743a (*note timeout:\n+00027600: 3a29 2069 6e74 6572 6163 7473 2077 6974 :) interacts wit\n+00027610: 6820 6469 7370 6c61 7969 6e67 0a74 6865 h displaying.the\n+00027620: 206d 656e 752e 2020 5365 6520 7468 6520 menu. See the \n+00027630: 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 documentation of\n+00027640: 20e2 8098 4752 5542 5f54 494d 454f 5554 ...GRUB_TIMEOUT\n+00027650: 5f53 5459 4c45 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 _STYLE... (*note\n+00027660: 2053 696d 706c 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 Simple.configur\n+00027670: 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2066 6f72 2064 6574 ation::) for det\n+00027680: 6169 6c73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ails.....File: g\n+00027690: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+000276a0: 2074 706d 5f66 6169 6c5f 6661 7461 6c2c tpm_fail_fatal,\n+000276b0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 745f Prev: timeout_\n+000276c0: 7374 796c 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5370 6563 style, Up: Spec\n+000276d0: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n+000276e0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 730a 0a31 352e 312e variables..15.1.\n+000276f0: 3439 2074 706d 5f66 6169 6c5f 6661 7461 49 tpm_fail_fata\n+00027700: 6c0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d l.--------------\n+00027710: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 6869 --------..If thi\n+00027720: 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 7365 s variable is se\n+00027730: 7420 616e 6420 7472 7565 2028 692e 652e t and true (i.e.\n+00027740: 2c20 6e6f 7420 7365 7420 746f 2022 3022 , not set to \"0\"\n+00027750: 2c20 2266 616c 7365 222c 0a22 6469 7361 , \"false\",.\"disa\n+00027760: 626c 6522 2c20 6f72 2022 6e6f 2229 2c20 ble\", or \"no\"), \n+00027770: 5450 4d20 6d65 6173 7572 656d 656e 7473 TPM measurements\n+00027780: 2074 6861 7420 6661 696c 2077 696c 6c20 that fail will \n+00027790: 6265 2074 7265 6174 6564 2061 730a 6661 be treated as.fa\n+000277a0: 7461 6c2e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c tal. Otherwise,\n+000277b0: 2074 6865 7920 7769 6c6c 206d 6572 656c they will merel\n+000277c0: 7920 6265 2064 6562 7567 2d6c 6f67 6765 y be debug-logge\n+000277d0: 6420 616e 6420 626f 6f74 2077 696c 6c0a d and boot will.\n+000277e0: 636f 6e74 696e 7565 2e0a 0a20 2020 4361 continue... Ca\n+000277f0: 6c6c 2074 6f20 4546 4920 6669 726d 7761 ll to EFI firmwa\n+00027800: 7265 2c20 6c69 6b65 2068 6173 685f 6c6f re, like hash_lo\n+00027810: 675f 6578 7465 6e64 5f65 7665 6e74 2829 g_extend_event()\n+00027820: 2c20 6361 6e20 7265 7475 726e 2061 6e0a , can return an.\n+00027830: 756e 6b6e 6f77 6e20 6572 726f 722c 2069 unknown error, i\n+00027840: 2e65 2e20 2064 7565 2074 6f20 6275 6720 .e. due to bug \n+00027850: 7072 6573 656e 7420 696e 2066 6972 6d77 present in firmw\n+00027860: 6172 652e 2020 5768 656e 2074 6869 7320 are. When this \n+00027870: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 0a69 7320 7365 7420 variable.is set \n+00027880: 616e 6420 7472 7565 2028 7361 6d65 2076 and true (same v\n+00027890: 616c 7565 7320 6173 2077 6974 6820 5450 alues as with TP\n+000278a0: 4d20 6d65 6173 7572 656d 656e 7473 2920 M measurements) \n+000278b0: 7468 6973 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 0a77 this situation.w\n+000278c0: 696c 6c20 6265 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 ill be considere\n+000278d0: 6420 746f 2062 6520 6661 7461 6c20 616e d to be fatal an\n+000278e0: 6420 6572 726f 722d 6c6f 6767 6564 2061 d error-logged a\n+000278f0: 7320 2275 6e6b 6e6f 776e 2054 504d 2065 s \"unknown TPM e\n+00027900: 7272 6f72 222e 0a49 6620 6e6f 7420 7365 rror\"..If not se\n+00027910: 742c 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2074 6865 204f t, booting the O\n+00027920: 5320 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 656e 6162 6c65 S will be enable\n+00027930: 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 d.....File: grub\n+00027940: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 456e .info, Node: En\n+00027950: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b2c vironment block,\n+00027960: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 Prev: Special \n+00027970: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+00027980: 6162 6c65 732c 2020 5570 3a20 456e 7669 ables, Up: Envi\n+00027990: 726f 6e6d 656e 740a 0a31 352e 3220 5468 ronment..15.2 Th\n+000279a0: 6520 4752 5542 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 e GRUB environme\n+000279b0: 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d nt block.=======\n 000279c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000279d0: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 6f66 7465 ====..It is ofte\n-000279e0: 6e20 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f20 6265 2061 n useful to be a\n-000279f0: 626c 6520 746f 2072 656d 656d 6265 7220 ble to remember \n-00027a00: 6120 736d 616c 6c20 616d 6f75 6e74 206f a small amount o\n-00027a10: 6620 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e0a 6672 f information.fr\n-00027a20: 6f6d 206f 6e65 2062 6f6f 7420 746f 2074 om one boot to t\n-00027a30: 6865 206e 6578 742e 2020 466f 7220 6578 he next. For ex\n-00027a40: 616d 706c 652c 2079 6f75 206d 6967 6874 ample, you might\n-00027a50: 2077 616e 7420 746f 2073 6574 2074 6865 want to set the\n-00027a60: 0a64 6566 6175 6c74 206d 656e 7520 656e .default menu en\n-00027a70: 7472 7920 6261 7365 6420 6f6e 2077 6861 try based on wha\n-00027a80: 7420 7761 7320 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2074 t was selected t\n-00027a90: 6865 206c 6173 7420 7469 6d65 2e20 2047 he last time. G\n-00027aa0: 5255 420a 6465 6c69 6265 7261 7465 6c79 RUB.deliberately\n-00027ab0: 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 696d 706c 656d does not implem\n-00027ac0: 656e 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 666f 7220 ent support for \n-00027ad0: 7772 6974 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7320 696e writing files in\n-00027ae0: 206f 7264 6572 2074 6f0a 6d69 6e69 6d69 order to.minimi\n-00027af0: 7365 2074 6865 2070 6f73 7369 6269 6c69 se the possibili\n-00027b00: 7479 206f 6620 7468 6520 626f 6f74 206c ty of the boot l\n-00027b10: 6f61 6465 7220 6265 696e 6720 7265 7370 oader being resp\n-00027b20: 6f6e 7369 626c 6520 666f 7220 6669 6c65 onsible for file\n-00027b30: 0a73 7973 7465 6d20 636f 7272 7570 7469 .system corrupti\n-00027b40: 6f6e 2c20 736f 2061 2047 5255 4220 636f on, so a GRUB co\n-00027b50: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n-00027b60: 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6a75 7374 2063 7265 cannot just cre\n-00027b70: 6174 6520 610a 6669 6c65 2069 6e20 7468 ate a.file in th\n-00027b80: 6520 6f72 6469 6e61 7279 2077 6179 2e20 e ordinary way. \n-00027b90: 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 4752 5542 2070 However, GRUB p\n-00027ba0: 726f 7669 6465 7320 616e 2022 656e 7669 rovides an \"envi\n-00027bb0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b22 0a77 ronment block\".w\n-00027bc0: 6869 6368 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 hich can be used\n-00027bd0: 2074 6f20 7361 7665 2061 2073 6d61 6c6c to save a small\n-00027be0: 2061 6d6f 756e 7420 6f66 2073 7461 7465 amount of state\n-00027bf0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 656e 7669 726f ... The enviro\n-00027c00: 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b20 6973 2061 nment block is a\n-00027c10: 2070 7265 616c 6c6f 6361 7465 6420 3130 preallocated 10\n-00027c20: 3234 2d62 7974 6520 6669 6c65 2c20 7768 24-byte file, wh\n-00027c30: 6963 680a 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 206c 6976 ich.normally liv\n-00027c40: 6573 2069 6e20 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 es in .../boot/g\n-00027c50: 7275 622f 6772 7562 656e 76e2 8099 2028 rub/grubenv... (\n-00027c60: 616c 7468 6f75 6768 2079 6f75 2073 686f although you sho\n-00027c70: 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 6173 7375 6d65 0a74 uld not assume.t\n-00027c80: 6869 7329 2e20 2041 7420 626f 6f74 2074 his). At boot t\n-00027c90: 696d 652c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6c6f 6164 ime, the ...load\n-00027ca0: 5f65 6e76 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 _env... command \n-00027cb0: 282a 6e6f 7465 206c 6f61 645f 656e 763a (*note load_env:\n-00027cc0: 3a29 206c 6f61 6473 0a65 6e76 6972 6f6e :) loads.environ\n-00027cd0: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2066 ment variables f\n-00027ce0: 726f 6d20 6974 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 rom it, and the \n-00027cf0: e280 9873 6176 655f 656e 76e2 8099 2028 ...save_env... (\n-00027d00: 2a6e 6f74 6520 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 3a3a *note save_env::\n-00027d10: 290a 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7361 7665 7320 ).command saves \n-00027d20: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-00027d30: 6162 6c65 7320 746f 2069 742e 2020 4672 ables to it. Fr\n-00027d40: 6f6d 2061 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2073 7973 om a running sys\n-00027d50: 7465 6d2c 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 6772 7562 tem, the....grub\n-00027d60: 2d65 6469 7465 6e76 e280 9920 7574 696c -editenv... util\n-00027d70: 6974 7920 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 ity can be used \n-00027d80: 746f 2065 6469 7420 7468 6520 656e 7669 to edit the envi\n-00027d90: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b2e 0a0a ronment block...\n-00027da0: 2020 2046 6f72 2073 6166 6574 7920 7265 For safety re\n-00027db0: 6173 6f6e 732c 2074 6869 7320 7374 6f72 asons, this stor\n-00027dc0: 6167 6520 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 age is only avai\n-00027dd0: 6c61 626c 6520 7768 656e 2069 6e73 7461 lable when insta\n-00027de0: 6c6c 6564 206f 6e0a 6120 706c 6169 6e20 lled on.a plain \n-00027df0: 6469 736b 2028 6e6f 204c 564d 206f 7220 disk (no LVM or \n-00027e00: 5241 4944 292c 2075 7369 6e67 2061 206e RAID), using a n\n-00027e10: 6f6e 2d63 6865 636b 7375 6d6d 696e 6720 on-checksumming \n-00027e20: 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2028 6e6f 0a5a filesystem (no.Z\n-00027e30: 4653 292c 2061 6e64 2075 7369 6e67 2042 FS), and using B\n-00027e40: 494f 5320 6f72 2045 4649 2066 756e 6374 IOS or EFI funct\n-00027e50: 696f 6e73 2028 6e6f 2041 5441 2c20 5553 ions (no ATA, US\n-00027e60: 4220 6f72 2049 4545 4531 3237 3529 2e0a B or IEEE1275)..\n-00027e70: 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f . ...grub-mkco\n-00027e80: 6e66 6967 e280 9920 7573 6573 2074 6869 nfig... uses thi\n-00027e90: 7320 6661 6369 6c69 7479 2074 6f20 696d s facility to im\n-00027ea0: 706c 656d 656e 7420 e280 9847 5255 425f plement ...GRUB_\n-00027eb0: 5341 5645 4445 4641 554c 54e2 8099 0a28 SAVEDEFAULT....(\n-00027ec0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e *note Simple con\n-00027ed0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a 292e 0a0a figuration::)...\n-00027ee0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-00027ef0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d6f 6475 6c65 o, Node: Module\n-00027f00: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e s, Next: Comman\n-00027f10: 6473 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2045 6e76 6972 ds, Prev: Envir\n-00027f20: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 onment, Up: Top\n-00027f30: 0a0a 3136 204d 6f64 756c 6573 0a2a 2a2a ..16 Modules.***\n-00027f40: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a49 6e20 7468 6973 *******..In this\n-00027f50: 2063 6861 7074 6572 2c20 7765 206c 6973 chapter, we lis\n-00027f60: 7420 616c 6c20 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 7468 t all modules th\n-00027f70: 6174 2061 7265 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 at are available\n-00027f80: 2069 6e20 4752 5542 0a28 6375 7272 656e in GRUB.(curren\n-00027f90: 746c 7920 696e 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 292e tly incomplete).\n-00027fa0: 0a0a 2020 204d 6f64 756c 6573 2063 616e .. Modules can\n-00027fb0: 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2076 6961 2074 be loaded via t\n-00027fc0: 6865 20e2 8098 696e 736d 6f64 e280 9920 he ...insmod... \n-00027fd0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2069 6e73 6d6f 643a 3a29 (*note insmod::)\n-00027fe0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e command...* Men\n-00027ff0: 753a 0a0a 2a20 626c 693a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 u:..* bli::....F\n-00028000: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00028010: 204e 6f64 653a 2062 6c69 2c20 2055 703a Node: bli, Up:\n-00028020: 204d 6f64 756c 6573 0a0a 3136 2e31 2062 Modules..16.1 b\n-00028030: 6c69 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6869 li.========..Thi\n-00028040: 7320 6d6f 6475 6c65 2070 726f 7669 6465 s module provide\n-00028050: 7320 6261 7369 6320 7375 7070 6f72 7420 s basic support \n-00028060: 666f 7220 7468 6520 426f 6f74 204c 6f61 for the Boot Loa\n-00028070: 6465 7220 496e 7465 7266 6163 652e 2020 der Interface. \n-00028080: 5468 650a 426f 6f74 204c 6f61 6465 7220 The.Boot Loader \n-00028090: 496e 7465 7266 6163 6520 7370 6563 6966 Interface specif\n-000280a0: 6965 7320 6120 7365 7420 6f66 2045 4649 ies a set of EFI\n-000280b0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2074 6861 7420 variables that \n-000280c0: 6172 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f0a 636f 6d6d are used to.comm\n-000280d0: 756e 6963 6174 6520 626f 6f74 2d74 696d unicate boot-tim\n-000280e0: 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6265 e information be\n-000280f0: 7477 6565 6e20 7468 6520 626f 6f74 6c6f tween the bootlo\n-00028100: 6164 6572 2061 6e64 2074 6865 0a6f 7065 ader and the.ope\n-00028110: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d2e 0a0a rating system...\n-00028120: 2020 2054 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 The following\n-00028130: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2061 7265 2070 variables are p\n-00028140: 6c61 6365 6420 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 laced under the \n-00028150: 7665 6e64 6f72 2055 5549 440a e280 9834 vendor UUID....4\n-00028160: 6136 3762 3038 322d 3061 3463 2d34 3163 a67b082-0a4c-41c\n-00028170: 662d 6236 6337 2d34 3430 6232 3962 6238 f-b6c7-440b29bb8\n-00028180: 6334 66e2 8099 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6520 c4f... when the \n-00028190: 6d6f 6475 6c65 2069 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 module is loaded\n-000281a0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 4750 5420 7061 :.. The GPT pa\n-000281b0: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 5555 4944 206f 6620 rtition UUID of \n-000281c0: 7468 6520 4546 4920 5379 7374 656d 2050 the EFI System P\n-000281d0: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2075 7365 6420 6475 artition used du\n-000281e0: 7269 6e67 2062 6f6f 740a 6973 2070 7562 ring boot.is pub\n-000281f0: 6c69 7368 6564 2076 6961 2074 6865 20e2 lished via the .\n-00028200: 8098 4c6f 6164 6572 4465 7669 6365 5061 ..LoaderDevicePa\n-00028210: 7274 5555 4944 e280 9920 7661 7269 6162 rtUUID... variab\n-00028220: 6c65 2e20 2054 6865 2042 6f6f 7420 4c6f le. The Boot Lo\n-00028230: 6164 6572 0a49 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2073 ader.Interface s\n-00028240: 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2072 6571 pecification req\n-00028250: 7569 7265 7320 4750 5420 666f 726d 6174 uires GPT format\n-00028260: 7465 6420 6472 6976 6573 2e20 2054 6865 ted drives. The\n-00028270: 2062 6c69 206d 6f64 756c 650a 6967 6e6f bli module.igno\n-00028280: 7265 7320 6472 6976 6573 2f70 6172 7469 res drives/parti\n-00028290: 7469 6f6e 7320 696e 2061 6e79 206f 7468 tions in any oth\n-000282a0: 6572 2066 6f72 6d61 742e 2020 4966 2047 er format. If G\n-000282b0: 5255 4220 6973 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6672 RUB is loaded fr\n-000282c0: 6f6d 2061 0a6e 6f6e 2d47 5054 2070 6172 om a.non-GPT par\n-000282d0: 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 652e 672e 2020 6672 tition, e.g. fr\n-000282e0: 6f6d 2061 6e20 4d53 444f 5320 666f 726d om an MSDOS form\n-000282f0: 6174 7465 6420 6472 6976 6520 6f72 206e atted drive or n\n-00028300: 6574 776f 726b 2c20 7468 6973 0a76 6172 etwork, this.var\n-00028310: 6961 626c 6520 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2062 iable will not b\n-00028320: 6520 7365 742e 0a0a 2020 2041 2073 7472 e set... A str\n-00028330: 696e 6720 6964 656e 7469 6679 696e 6720 ing identifying \n-00028340: 4752 5542 2061 7320 7468 6520 6163 7469 GRUB as the acti\n-00028350: 7665 2062 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 7220 696e ve bootloader in\n-00028360: 636c 7564 696e 6720 7468 650a 7665 7273 cluding the.vers\n-00028370: 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 2069 7320 7374 ion number is st\n-00028380: 6f72 6564 2069 6e20 e280 984c 6f61 6465 ored in ...Loade\n-00028390: 7249 6e66 6fe2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 rInfo...... Th\n-000283a0: 6973 206d 6f64 756c 6520 6973 206f 6e6c is module is onl\n-000283b0: 7920 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 2055 y available on U\n-000283c0: 4546 4920 706c 6174 666f 726d 732e 0a0a EFI platforms...\n-000283d0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-000283e0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e o, Node: Comman\n-000283f0: 6473 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 6e74 6572 ds, Next: Inter\n-00028400: 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 696f 6e2c nationalisation,\n-00028410: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4d6f 6475 6c65 732c Prev: Modules,\n-00028420: 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 3720 4176 Up: Top..17 Av\n-00028430: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 ailable commands\n-00028440: 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a .***************\n-00028450: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 496e 2074 6869 7320 ******..In this \n-00028460: 6368 6170 7465 722c 2077 6520 6c69 7374 chapter, we list\n-00028470: 2061 6c6c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7468 all commands th\n-00028480: 6174 2061 7265 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 at are available\n-00028490: 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2e0a 0a20 2020 436f in GRUB... Co\n-000284a0: 6d6d 616e 6473 2062 656c 6f6e 6720 746f mmands belong to\n-000284b0: 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2067 726f 7570 different group\n-000284c0: 732e 2020 4120 6665 7720 6361 6e20 6f6e s. A few can on\n-000284d0: 6c79 2062 6520 7573 6564 2069 6e20 7468 ly be used in th\n-000284e0: 650a 676c 6f62 616c 2073 6563 7469 6f6e e.global section\n-000284f0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 of the configur\n-00028500: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2028 6f72 2022 ation file (or \"\n-00028510: 6d65 6e75 2229 3b20 6d6f 7374 206f 6620 menu\"); most of \n-00028520: 7468 656d 2063 616e 0a62 6520 656e 7465 them can.be ente\n-00028530: 7265 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 red on the comma\n-00028540: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 616e 6420 6361 6e20 nd-line and can \n-00028550: 6265 2075 7365 6420 6569 7468 6572 2061 be used either a\n-00028560: 6e79 7768 6572 6520 696e 2074 6865 0a6d nywhere in the.m\n-00028570: 656e 7520 6f72 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 enu or specifica\n-00028580: 6c6c 7920 696e 2074 6865 206d 656e 7520 lly in the menu \n-00028590: 656e 7472 6965 732e 0a0a 2020 2049 6e20 entries... In \n-000285a0: 7265 7363 7565 206d 6f64 652c 206f 6e6c rescue mode, onl\n-000285b0: 7920 7468 6520 e280 9869 6e73 6d6f 64e2 y the ...insmod.\n-000285c0: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 696e 736d 6f64 .. (*note insmod\n-000285d0: 3a3a 292c 20e2 8098 6c73 e280 9920 282a ::), ...ls... (*\n-000285e0: 6e6f 7465 0a6c 733a 3a29 2c20 e280 9873 note.ls::), ...s\n-000285f0: 6574 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2073 6574 et... (*note set\n-00028600: 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 756e 7365 ::), and ...unse\n-00028610: 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 756e 7365 t... (*note unse\n-00028620: 743a 3a29 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6172 t::) commands ar\n-00028630: 650a 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2061 7661 696c e.normally avail\n-00028640: 6162 6c65 2e20 2049 6620 796f 7520 656e able. If you en\n-00028650: 6420 7570 2069 6e20 7265 7363 7565 206d d up in rescue m\n-00028660: 6f64 6520 616e 6420 646f 206e 6f74 206b ode and do not k\n-00028670: 6e6f 7720 7768 6174 0a74 6f20 646f 2c20 now what.to do, \n-00028680: 7468 656e 202a 6e6f 7465 2047 5255 4220 then *note GRUB \n-00028690: 6f6e 6c79 206f 6666 6572 7320 6120 7265 only offers a re\n-000286a0: 7363 7565 2073 6865 6c6c 3a3a 2e0a 0a2a scue shell::...*\n-000286b0: 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 2d73 Menu:..* Menu-s\n-000286c0: 7065 6369 6669 6320 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 pecific commands\n-000286d0: 3a3a 0a2a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d ::.* Loader comm\n-000286e0: 616e 6473 3a3a 0a2a 2047 656e 6572 616c ands::.* General\n-000286f0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a 3a0a 2a20 436f commands::.* Co\n-00028700: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n-00028710: 6e64 733a 3a0a 2a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 nds::.* Networki\n-00028720: 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a 3a0a 2a20 ng commands::.* \n-00028730: 556e 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 2063 6f6d Undocumented com\n-00028740: 6d61 6e64 733a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a mands::....File:\n-00028750: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-00028760: 653a 204d 656e 752d 7370 6563 6966 6963 e: Menu-specific\n-00028770: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 4e65 7874 commands, Next\n-00028780: 3a20 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 : Loader command\n-00028790: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 s, Up: Commands\n-000287a0: 0a0a 3137 2e31 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 ..17.1 Commands \n-000287b0: 666f 7220 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 206f 6e6c for the menu onl\n-000287c0: 790a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d y.==============\n+000279d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 ========..It is \n+000279e0: 6f66 7465 6e20 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f20 often useful to \n+000279f0: 6265 2061 626c 6520 746f 2072 656d 656d be able to remem\n+00027a00: 6265 7220 6120 736d 616c 6c20 616d 6f75 ber a small amou\n+00027a10: 6e74 206f 6620 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f nt of informatio\n+00027a20: 6e0a 6672 6f6d 206f 6e65 2062 6f6f 7420 n.from one boot \n+00027a30: 746f 2074 6865 206e 6578 742e 2020 466f to the next. Fo\n+00027a40: 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2079 6f75 206d r example, you m\n+00027a50: 6967 6874 2077 616e 7420 746f 2073 6574 ight want to set\n+00027a60: 2074 6865 0a64 6566 6175 6c74 206d 656e the.default men\n+00027a70: 7520 656e 7472 7920 6261 7365 6420 6f6e u entry based on\n+00027a80: 2077 6861 7420 7761 7320 7365 6c65 6374 what was select\n+00027a90: 6564 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 7469 6d65 ed the last time\n+00027aa0: 2e20 2047 5255 420a 6465 6c69 6265 7261 . GRUB.delibera\n+00027ab0: 7465 6c79 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 696d tely does not im\n+00027ac0: 706c 656d 656e 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 plement support \n+00027ad0: 666f 7220 7772 6974 696e 6720 6669 6c65 for writing file\n+00027ae0: 7320 696e 206f 7264 6572 2074 6f0a 6d69 s in order to.mi\n+00027af0: 6e69 6d69 7365 2074 6865 2070 6f73 7369 nimise the possi\n+00027b00: 6269 6c69 7479 206f 6620 7468 6520 626f bility of the bo\n+00027b10: 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 6265 696e 6720 ot loader being \n+00027b20: 7265 7370 6f6e 7369 626c 6520 666f 7220 responsible for \n+00027b30: 6669 6c65 0a73 7973 7465 6d20 636f 7272 file.system corr\n+00027b40: 7570 7469 6f6e 2c20 736f 2061 2047 5255 uption, so a GRU\n+00027b50: 4220 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 B configuration \n+00027b60: 6669 6c65 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6a75 7374 file cannot just\n+00027b70: 2063 7265 6174 6520 610a 6669 6c65 2069 create a.file i\n+00027b80: 6e20 7468 6520 6f72 6469 6e61 7279 2077 n the ordinary w\n+00027b90: 6179 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 4752 ay. However, GR\n+00027ba0: 5542 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 616e 2022 UB provides an \"\n+00027bb0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 environment bloc\n+00027bc0: 6b22 0a77 6869 6368 2063 616e 2062 6520 k\".which can be \n+00027bd0: 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7361 7665 2061 2073 used to save a s\n+00027be0: 6d61 6c6c 2061 6d6f 756e 7420 6f66 2073 mall amount of s\n+00027bf0: 7461 7465 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 656e tate... The en\n+00027c00: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b20 vironment block \n+00027c10: 6973 2061 2070 7265 616c 6c6f 6361 7465 is a preallocate\n+00027c20: 6420 3130 3234 2d62 7974 6520 6669 6c65 d 1024-byte file\n+00027c30: 2c20 7768 6963 680a 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 , which.normally\n+00027c40: 206c 6976 6573 2069 6e20 e280 982f 626f lives in .../bo\n+00027c50: 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 656e 76e2 ot/grub/grubenv.\n+00027c60: 8099 2028 616c 7468 6f75 6768 2079 6f75 .. (although you\n+00027c70: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 6173 7375 should not assu\n+00027c80: 6d65 0a74 6869 7329 2e20 2041 7420 626f me.this). At bo\n+00027c90: 6f74 2074 696d 652c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 ot time, the ...\n+00027ca0: 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 e280 9920 636f 6d6d load_env... comm\n+00027cb0: 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 206c 6f61 645f and (*note load_\n+00027cc0: 656e 763a 3a29 206c 6f61 6473 0a65 6e76 env::) loads.env\n+00027cd0: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n+00027ce0: 6573 2066 726f 6d20 6974 2c20 616e 6420 es from it, and \n+00027cf0: 7468 6520 e280 9873 6176 655f 656e 76e2 the ...save_env.\n+00027d00: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7361 7665 5f65 .. (*note save_e\n+00027d10: 6e76 3a3a 290a 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7361 nv::).command sa\n+00027d20: 7665 7320 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ves environment \n+00027d30: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 746f 2069 742e variables to it.\n+00027d40: 2020 4672 6f6d 2061 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 From a running\n+00027d50: 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 system, the....\n+00027d60: 6772 7562 2d65 6469 7465 6e76 e280 9920 grub-editenv... \n+00027d70: 7574 696c 6974 7920 6361 6e20 6265 2075 utility can be u\n+00027d80: 7365 6420 746f 2065 6469 7420 7468 6520 sed to edit the \n+00027d90: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 environment bloc\n+00027da0: 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2046 6f72 2073 6166 6574 k... For safet\n+00027db0: 7920 7265 6173 6f6e 732c 2074 6869 7320 y reasons, this \n+00027dc0: 7374 6f72 6167 6520 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 storage is only \n+00027dd0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7768 656e 2069 available when i\n+00027de0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 206f 6e0a 6120 706c nstalled on.a pl\n+00027df0: 6169 6e20 6469 736b 2028 6e6f 204c 564d ain disk (no LVM\n+00027e00: 206f 7220 5241 4944 292c 2075 7369 6e67 or RAID), using\n+00027e10: 2061 206e 6f6e 2d63 6865 636b 7375 6d6d a non-checksumm\n+00027e20: 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2028 ing filesystem (\n+00027e30: 6e6f 0a5a 4653 292c 2061 6e64 2075 7369 no.ZFS), and usi\n+00027e40: 6e67 2042 494f 5320 6f72 2045 4649 2066 ng BIOS or EFI f\n+00027e50: 756e 6374 696f 6e73 2028 6e6f 2041 5441 unctions (no ATA\n+00027e60: 2c20 5553 4220 6f72 2049 4545 4531 3237 , USB or IEEE127\n+00027e70: 3529 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 5)... ...grub-\n+00027e80: 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 7573 6573 mkconfig... uses\n+00027e90: 2074 6869 7320 6661 6369 6c69 7479 2074 this facility t\n+00027ea0: 6f20 696d 706c 656d 656e 7420 e280 9847 o implement ...G\n+00027eb0: 5255 425f 5341 5645 4445 4641 554c 54e2 RUB_SAVEDEFAULT.\n+00027ec0: 8099 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 6c65 ...(*note Simple\n+00027ed0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 3a3a configuration::\n+00027ee0: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ).....File: grub\n+00027ef0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d6f .info, Node: Mo\n+00027f00: 6475 6c65 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 436f dules, Next: Co\n+00027f10: 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2045 mmands, Prev: E\n+00027f20: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2c20 2055 703a nvironment, Up:\n+00027f30: 2054 6f70 0a0a 3136 204d 6f64 756c 6573 Top..16 Modules\n+00027f40: 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a49 6e20 .**********..In \n+00027f50: 7468 6973 2063 6861 7074 6572 2c20 7765 this chapter, we\n+00027f60: 206c 6973 7420 616c 6c20 6d6f 6475 6c65 list all module\n+00027f70: 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 2061 7661 696c s that are avail\n+00027f80: 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 4752 5542 0a28 6375 able in GRUB.(cu\n+00027f90: 7272 656e 746c 7920 696e 636f 6d70 6c65 rrently incomple\n+00027fa0: 7465 292e 0a0a 2020 204d 6f64 756c 6573 te)... Modules\n+00027fb0: 2063 616e 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2076 can be loaded v\n+00027fc0: 6961 2074 6865 20e2 8098 696e 736d 6f64 ia the ...insmod\n+00027fd0: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2069 6e73 6d6f ... (*note insmo\n+00027fe0: 643a 3a29 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a2a d::) command...*\n+00027ff0: 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 626c 693a 3a0a Menu:..* bli::.\n+00028000: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+00028010: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2062 6c69 2c20 fo, Node: bli, \n+00028020: 2055 703a 204d 6f64 756c 6573 0a0a 3136 Up: Modules..16\n+00028030: 2e31 2062 6c69 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a .1 bli.========.\n+00028040: 0a54 6869 7320 6d6f 6475 6c65 2070 726f .This module pro\n+00028050: 7669 6465 7320 6261 7369 6320 7375 7070 vides basic supp\n+00028060: 6f72 7420 666f 7220 7468 6520 426f 6f74 ort for the Boot\n+00028070: 204c 6f61 6465 7220 496e 7465 7266 6163 Loader Interfac\n+00028080: 652e 2020 5468 650a 426f 6f74 204c 6f61 e. The.Boot Loa\n+00028090: 6465 7220 496e 7465 7266 6163 6520 7370 der Interface sp\n+000280a0: 6563 6966 6965 7320 6120 7365 7420 6f66 ecifies a set of\n+000280b0: 2045 4649 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2074 EFI variables t\n+000280c0: 6861 7420 6172 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f0a hat are used to.\n+000280d0: 636f 6d6d 756e 6963 6174 6520 626f 6f74 communicate boot\n+000280e0: 2d74 696d 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f -time informatio\n+000280f0: 6e20 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7468 6520 626f n between the bo\n+00028100: 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2061 6e64 2074 6865 otloader and the\n+00028110: 0a6f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 .operating syste\n+00028120: 6d2e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f m... The follo\n+00028130: 7769 6e67 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2061 wing variables a\n+00028140: 7265 2070 6c61 6365 6420 756e 6465 7220 re placed under \n+00028150: 7468 6520 7665 6e64 6f72 2055 5549 440a the vendor UUID.\n+00028160: e280 9834 6136 3762 3038 322d 3061 3463 ...4a67b082-0a4c\n+00028170: 2d34 3163 662d 6236 6337 2d34 3430 6232 -41cf-b6c7-440b2\n+00028180: 3962 6238 6334 66e2 8099 2077 6865 6e20 9bb8c4f... when \n+00028190: 7468 6520 6d6f 6475 6c65 2069 7320 6c6f the module is lo\n+000281a0: 6164 6564 3a0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 4750 aded:.. The GP\n+000281b0: 5420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 5555 4944 T partition UUID\n+000281c0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 4546 4920 5379 7374 of the EFI Syst\n+000281d0: 656d 2050 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2075 7365 em Partition use\n+000281e0: 6420 6475 7269 6e67 2062 6f6f 740a 6973 d during boot.is\n+000281f0: 2070 7562 6c69 7368 6564 2076 6961 2074 published via t\n+00028200: 6865 20e2 8098 4c6f 6164 6572 4465 7669 he ...LoaderDevi\n+00028210: 6365 5061 7274 5555 4944 e280 9920 7661 cePartUUID... va\n+00028220: 7269 6162 6c65 2e20 2054 6865 2042 6f6f riable. The Boo\n+00028230: 7420 4c6f 6164 6572 0a49 6e74 6572 6661 t Loader.Interfa\n+00028240: 6365 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e ce specification\n+00028250: 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 4750 5420 666f requires GPT fo\n+00028260: 726d 6174 7465 6420 6472 6976 6573 2e20 rmatted drives. \n+00028270: 2054 6865 2062 6c69 206d 6f64 756c 650a The bli module.\n+00028280: 6967 6e6f 7265 7320 6472 6976 6573 2f70 ignores drives/p\n+00028290: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 696e 2061 6e79 artitions in any\n+000282a0: 206f 7468 6572 2066 6f72 6d61 742e 2020 other format. \n+000282b0: 4966 2047 5255 4220 6973 206c 6f61 6465 If GRUB is loade\n+000282c0: 6420 6672 6f6d 2061 0a6e 6f6e 2d47 5054 d from a.non-GPT\n+000282d0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2c20 652e 672e partition, e.g.\n+000282e0: 2020 6672 6f6d 2061 6e20 4d53 444f 5320 from an MSDOS \n+000282f0: 666f 726d 6174 7465 6420 6472 6976 6520 formatted drive \n+00028300: 6f72 206e 6574 776f 726b 2c20 7468 6973 or network, this\n+00028310: 0a76 6172 6961 626c 6520 7769 6c6c 206e .variable will n\n+00028320: 6f74 2062 6520 7365 742e 0a0a 2020 2041 ot be set... A\n+00028330: 2073 7472 696e 6720 6964 656e 7469 6679 string identify\n+00028340: 696e 6720 4752 5542 2061 7320 7468 6520 ing GRUB as the \n+00028350: 6163 7469 7665 2062 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 active bootloade\n+00028360: 7220 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 7468 650a r including the.\n+00028370: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 2069 version number i\n+00028380: 7320 7374 6f72 6564 2069 6e20 e280 984c s stored in ...L\n+00028390: 6f61 6465 7249 6e66 6fe2 8099 2e0a 0a20 oaderInfo...... \n+000283a0: 2020 5468 6973 206d 6f64 756c 6520 6973 This module is\n+000283b0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 only available \n+000283c0: 6f6e 2055 4546 4920 706c 6174 666f 726d on UEFI platform\n+000283d0: 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 s.....File: grub\n+000283e0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f .info, Node: Co\n+000283f0: 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 mmands, Next: I\n+00028400: 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 nternationalisat\n+00028410: 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4d6f 6475 ion, Prev: Modu\n+00028420: 6c65 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 les, Up: Top..1\n+00028430: 3720 4176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 7 Available comm\n+00028440: 616e 6473 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ands.***********\n+00028450: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 496e 2074 **********..In t\n+00028460: 6869 7320 6368 6170 7465 722c 2077 6520 his chapter, we \n+00028470: 6c69 7374 2061 6c6c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 list all command\n+00028480: 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 2061 7661 696c s that are avail\n+00028490: 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2e0a 0a20 able in GRUB... \n+000284a0: 2020 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 2062 656c 6f6e Commands belon\n+000284b0: 6720 746f 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2067 g to different g\n+000284c0: 726f 7570 732e 2020 4120 6665 7720 6361 roups. A few ca\n+000284d0: 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2062 6520 7573 6564 2069 n only be used i\n+000284e0: 6e20 7468 650a 676c 6f62 616c 2073 6563 n the.global sec\n+000284f0: 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6e66 tion of the conf\n+00028500: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2028 iguration file (\n+00028510: 6f72 2022 6d65 6e75 2229 3b20 6d6f 7374 or \"menu\"); most\n+00028520: 206f 6620 7468 656d 2063 616e 0a62 6520 of them can.be \n+00028530: 656e 7465 7265 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 entered on the c\n+00028540: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 616e 6420 ommand-line and \n+00028550: 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 6569 7468 can be used eith\n+00028560: 6572 2061 6e79 7768 6572 6520 696e 2074 er anywhere in t\n+00028570: 6865 0a6d 656e 7520 6f72 2073 7065 6369 he.menu or speci\n+00028580: 6669 6361 6c6c 7920 696e 2074 6865 206d fically in the m\n+00028590: 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 732e 0a0a 2020 enu entries... \n+000285a0: 2049 6e20 7265 7363 7565 206d 6f64 652c In rescue mode,\n+000285b0: 206f 6e6c 7920 7468 6520 e280 9869 6e73 only the ...ins\n+000285c0: 6d6f 64e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 696e mod... (*note in\n+000285d0: 736d 6f64 3a3a 292c 20e2 8098 6c73 e280 smod::), ...ls..\n+000285e0: 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 0a6c 733a 3a29 2c20 . (*note.ls::), \n+000285f0: e280 9873 6574 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 ...set... (*note\n+00028600: 2073 6574 3a3a 292c 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 set::), and ...\n+00028610: 756e 7365 74e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 unset... (*note \n+00028620: 756e 7365 743a 3a29 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 unset::) command\n+00028630: 7320 6172 650a 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2061 s are.normally a\n+00028640: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e20 2049 6620 796f vailable. If yo\n+00028650: 7520 656e 6420 7570 2069 6e20 7265 7363 u end up in resc\n+00028660: 7565 206d 6f64 6520 616e 6420 646f 206e ue mode and do n\n+00028670: 6f74 206b 6e6f 7720 7768 6174 0a74 6f20 ot know what.to \n+00028680: 646f 2c20 7468 656e 202a 6e6f 7465 2047 do, then *note G\n+00028690: 5255 4220 6f6e 6c79 206f 6666 6572 7320 RUB only offers \n+000286a0: 6120 7265 7363 7565 2073 6865 6c6c 3a3a a rescue shell::\n+000286b0: 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4d65 ...* Menu:..* Me\n+000286c0: 6e75 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 636f 6d6d nu-specific comm\n+000286d0: 616e 6473 3a3a 0a2a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 ands::.* Loader \n+000286e0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 3a3a 0a2a 2047 656e commands::.* Gen\n+000286f0: 6572 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a 3a0a eral commands::.\n+00028700: 2a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 * Command-line c\n+00028710: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a 3a0a 2a20 4e65 7477 ommands::.* Netw\n+00028720: 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a orking commands:\n+00028730: 3a0a 2a20 556e 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 :.* Undocumented\n+00028740: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 733a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 commands::....F\n+00028750: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+00028760: 204e 6f64 653a 204d 656e 752d 7370 6563 Node: Menu-spec\n+00028770: 6966 6963 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 ific commands, \n+00028780: 4e65 7874 3a20 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d Next: Loader com\n+00028790: 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d mands, Up: Comm\n+000287a0: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e31 2043 6f6d 6d61 ands..17.1 Comma\n+000287b0: 6e64 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 nds for the menu\n+000287c0: 206f 6e6c 790a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d only.==========\n 000287d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000287e0: 3d0a 0a54 6865 2073 656d 616e 7469 6373 =..The semantics\n-000287f0: 2075 7365 6420 696e 2070 6172 7369 6e67 used in parsing\n-00028800: 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 the configurati\n-00028810: 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6172 6520 7468 6520 on file are the \n-00028820: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 673a 0a0a 2020 20e2 following:.. .\n-00028830: 80a2 2054 6865 2066 696c 6573 205f 6d75 .. The files _mu\n-00028840: 7374 5f20 6265 2069 6e20 706c 6169 6e2d st_ be in plain-\n-00028850: 7465 7874 2066 6f72 6d61 742e 0a0a 2020 text format... \n-00028860: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 23e2 8099 2061 7420 ... ...#... at \n-00028870: 7468 6520 6265 6769 6e6e 696e 6720 6f66 the beginning of\n-00028880: 2061 206c 696e 6520 696e 2061 2063 6f6e a line in a con\n-00028890: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 figuration file \n-000288a0: 6d65 616e 7320 6974 2069 730a 2020 2020 means it is. \n-000288b0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6120 636f 6d6d 656e 742e only a comment.\n-000288c0: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 204f 7074 696f 6e73 .. ... Options\n-000288d0: 2061 7265 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 are separated b\n-000288e0: 7920 7370 6163 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 y spaces... ..\n-000288f0: a220 416c 6c20 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 6361 . All numbers ca\n-00028900: 6e20 6265 2065 6974 6865 7220 6465 6369 n be either deci\n-00028910: 6d61 6c20 6f72 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d mal or hexadecim\n-00028920: 616c 2e20 2041 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d al. A hexadecim\n-00028930: 616c 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d62 6572 206d al. number m\n-00028940: 7573 7420 6265 2070 7265 6365 6465 6420 ust be preceded \n-00028950: 6279 20e2 8098 3078 e280 992c 2061 6e64 by ...0x..., and\n-00028960: 2069 7320 6361 7365 2d69 6e73 656e 7369 is case-insensi\n-00028970: 7469 7665 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6573 6520 tive... These \n-00028980: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2063 616e 206f 6e6c commands can onl\n-00028990: 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 696e 2074 6865 y be used in the\n-000289a0: 206d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a menu:..* Menu:.\n-000289b0: 0a2a 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 3a3a 2020 .* menuentry:: \n-000289c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000289d0: 2053 7461 7274 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e Start a menu en\n-000289e0: 7472 790a 2a20 7375 626d 656e 753a 3a20 try.* submenu:: \n-000289f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00028a00: 2020 2020 4772 6f75 7020 6d65 6e75 2065 Group menu e\n-00028a10: 6e74 7269 6573 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ntries....File: \n-00028a20: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00028a30: 3a20 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 792c 2020 4e65 : menuentry, Ne\n-00028a40: 7874 3a20 7375 626d 656e 752c 2020 5570 xt: submenu, Up\n-00028a50: 3a20 4d65 6e75 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 : Menu-specific \n-00028a60: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e31 2e31 commands..17.1.1\n-00028a70: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d menuentry.-----\n-00028a80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n-00028a90: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6d65 6e75 656e Command: menuen\n-00028aa0: 7472 7920 5449 544c 4520 5b2d 2d63 6c61 try TITLE [--cla\n-00028ab0: 7373 3d63 6c61 7373 202e 2e2e 5d20 5b2d ss=class ...] [-\n-00028ac0: 2d75 7365 7273 3d75 7365 7273 5d0a 2020 -users=users]. \n-00028ad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b2d 2d75 6e72 6573 [--unres\n-00028ae0: 7472 6963 7465 645d 205b 2d2d 686f 746b tricted] [--hotk\n-00028af0: 6579 3d6b 6579 5d20 5b2d 2d69 643d 6964 ey=key] [--id=id\n-00028b00: 5d20 5b41 5247 202e 2e2e 5d20 7b20 434f ] [ARG ...] { CO\n-00028b10: 4d4d 414e 443b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 MMAND;. \n-00028b20: 202e 2e2e 207d 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 ... }. This\n-00028b30: 2064 6566 696e 6573 2061 2047 5255 4220 defines a GRUB \n-00028b40: 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 206e 616d 6564 menu entry named\n-00028b50: 2054 4954 4c45 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 7468 TITLE. When th\n-00028b60: 6973 2065 6e74 7279 2069 730a 2020 2020 is entry is. \n-00028b70: 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 selected from t\n-00028b80: 6865 206d 656e 752c 2047 5255 4220 7769 he menu, GRUB wi\n-00028b90: 6c6c 2073 6574 2074 6865 2043 484f 5345 ll set the CHOSE\n-00028ba0: 4e20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 740a 2020 N environment. \n-00028bb0: 2020 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 746f 2076 variable to v\n-00028bc0: 616c 7565 206f 6620 e280 982d 2d69 64e2 alue of ...--id.\n-00028bd0: 8099 2069 6620 e280 982d 2d69 64e2 8099 .. if ...--id...\n-00028be0: 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2065 7865 6375 is given, execu\n-00028bf0: 7465 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 0a20 te the list of. \n-00028c00: 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2067 6976 commands giv\n-00028c10: 656e 2077 6974 6869 6e20 6272 6163 6573 en within braces\n-00028c20: 2c20 616e 6420 6966 2074 6865 206c 6173 , and if the las\n-00028c30: 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 696e 2074 6865 t command in the\n-00028c40: 206c 6973 740a 2020 2020 2072 6574 7572 list. retur\n-00028c50: 6e65 6420 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 ned successfully\n-00028c60: 2061 6e64 2061 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 7761 and a kernel wa\n-00028c70: 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 2069 7420 7769 6c6c s loaded it will\n-00028c80: 2065 7865 6375 7465 2074 6865 0a20 2020 execute the. \n-00028c90: 2020 e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 2063 6f6d ...boot... com\n-00028ca0: 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 mand... The \n-00028cb0: e280 982d 2d63 6c61 7373 e280 9920 6f70 ...--class... op\n-00028cc0: 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 2062 6520 7573 6564 tion may be used\n-00028cd0: 2061 6e79 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2074 any number of t\n-00028ce0: 696d 6573 2074 6f20 6772 6f75 7020 6d65 imes to group me\n-00028cf0: 6e75 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 6965 7320 nu. entries \n-00028d00: 696e 746f 2063 6c61 7373 6573 2e20 204d into classes. M\n-00028d10: 656e 7520 7468 656d 6573 206d 6179 2064 enu themes may d\n-00028d20: 6973 706c 6179 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 isplay different\n-00028d30: 2063 6c61 7373 6573 0a20 2020 2020 7573 classes. us\n-00028d40: 696e 6720 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 7374 ing different st\n-00028d50: 796c 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 yles... The \n-00028d60: e280 982d 2d75 7365 7273 e280 9920 6f70 ...--users... op\n-00028d70: 7469 6f6e 2067 7261 6e74 7320 7370 6563 tion grants spec\n-00028d80: 6966 6963 2075 7365 7273 2061 6363 6573 ific users acces\n-00028d90: 7320 746f 2073 7065 6369 6669 6320 6d65 s to specific me\n-00028da0: 6e75 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 6965 732e nu. entries.\n-00028db0: 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 7269 7479 *Note Security\n-00028dc0: 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 ::... The ..\n-00028dd0: 982d 2d75 6e72 6573 7472 6963 7465 64e2 .--unrestricted.\n-00028de0: 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6772 616e 7473 .. option grants\n-00028df0: 2061 6c6c 2075 7365 7273 2061 6363 6573 all users acces\n-00028e00: 7320 746f 2073 7065 6369 6669 630a 2020 s to specific. \n-00028e10: 2020 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 732e menu entries.\n-00028e20: 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 7269 7479 *Note Security\n-00028e30: 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 ::... The ..\n-00028e40: 982d 2d68 6f74 6b65 79e2 8099 206f 7074 .--hotkey... opt\n-00028e50: 696f 6e20 6173 736f 6369 6174 6573 2061 ion associates a\n-00028e60: 2068 6f74 6b65 7920 7769 7468 2061 206d hotkey with a m\n-00028e70: 656e 7520 656e 7472 792e 2020 4b45 590a enu entry. KEY.\n-00028e80: 2020 2020 206d 6179 2062 6520 6120 7369 may be a si\n-00028e90: 6e67 6c65 206c 6574 7465 722c 206f 7220 ngle letter, or \n-00028ea0: 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2061 6c69 6173 one of the alias\n-00028eb0: 6573 20e2 8098 6261 636b 7370 6163 65e2 es ...backspace.\n-00028ec0: 8099 2c20 e280 9874 6162 e280 992c 0a20 .., ...tab...,. \n-00028ed0: 2020 2020 6f72 20e2 8098 6465 6c65 7465 or ...delete\n-00028ee0: e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 20e2 ...... The .\n-00028ef0: 8098 2d2d 6964 e280 9920 6d61 7920 6265 ..--id... may be\n-00028f00: 2075 7365 6420 746f 2061 7373 6f63 6961 used to associa\n-00028f10: 7465 2075 6e69 7175 6520 6964 656e 7469 te unique identi\n-00028f20: 6669 6572 2077 6974 6820 6120 6d65 6e75 fier with a menu\n-00028f30: 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 792e 2020 4944 . entry. ID\n-00028f40: 2069 7320 7374 7269 6e67 206f 6620 4153 is string of AS\n-00028f50: 4349 4920 6170 6861 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 CII aphanumeric \n-00028f60: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2c20 756e 6465 characters, unde\n-00028f70: 7273 636f 7265 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 rscore. and \n-00028f80: 6879 7068 656e 2061 6e64 2073 686f 756c hyphen and shoul\n-00028f90: 6420 6e6f 7420 7374 6172 7420 7769 7468 d not start with\n-00028fa0: 2061 2064 6967 6974 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 a digit... \n-00028fb0: 416c 6c20 6f74 6865 7220 6172 6775 6d65 All other argume\n-00028fc0: 6e74 7320 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 5449 nts including TI\n-00028fd0: 544c 4520 6172 6520 7061 7373 6564 2061 TLE are passed a\n-00028fe0: 7320 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c 0a20 2020 s positional. \n-00028ff0: 2020 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2077 6865 parameters whe\n-00029000: 6e20 6c69 7374 206f 6620 636f 6d6d 616e n list of comman\n-00029010: 6473 2069 7320 6578 6563 7574 6564 2077 ds is executed w\n-00029020: 6974 6820 5449 544c 4520 616c 7761 7973 ith TITLE always\n-00029030: 0a20 2020 2020 6173 7369 676e 6564 2074 . assigned t\n-00029040: 6f20 e280 9824 31e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 o ...$1........F\n-00029050: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00029060: 204e 6f64 653a 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 2c20 Node: submenu, \n-00029070: 2050 7265 763a 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 Prev: menuentry\n-00029080: 2c20 2055 703a 204d 656e 752d 7370 6563 , Up: Menu-spec\n-00029090: 6966 6963 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 ific commands..1\n-000290a0: 372e 312e 3220 7375 626d 656e 750a 2d2d 7.1.2 submenu.--\n-000290b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-000290c0: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 7562 6d65 - Command: subme\n-000290d0: 6e75 2054 4954 4c45 205b 2d2d 636c 6173 nu TITLE [--clas\n-000290e0: 733d 636c 6173 7320 2e2e 2e5d 205b 2d2d s=class ...] [--\n-000290f0: 7573 6572 733d 7573 6572 735d 0a20 2020 users=users]. \n-00029100: 2020 2020 2020 205b 2d2d 756e 7265 7374 [--unrest\n-00029110: 7269 6374 6564 5d20 5b2d 2d68 6f74 6b65 ricted] [--hotke\n-00029120: 793d 6b65 795d 205b 2d2d 6964 3d69 645d y=key] [--id=id]\n-00029130: 207b 204d 454e 5520 454e 5452 4945 5320 { MENU ENTRIES \n-00029140: 2e2e 2e20 7d0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 ... }. This \n-00029150: 6465 6669 6e65 7320 6120 7375 626d 656e defines a submen\n-00029160: 752e 2020 416e 2065 6e74 7279 2063 616c u. An entry cal\n-00029170: 6c65 6420 5449 544c 4520 7769 6c6c 2062 led TITLE will b\n-00029180: 6520 6164 6465 6420 746f 2074 6865 0a20 e added to the. \n-00029190: 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 3b20 7768 656e 2074 menu; when t\n-000291a0: 6861 7420 656e 7472 7920 6973 2073 656c hat entry is sel\n-000291b0: 6563 7465 642c 2061 206e 6577 206d 656e ected, a new men\n-000291c0: 7520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6469 7370 6c61 u will be displa\n-000291d0: 7965 640a 2020 2020 2073 686f 7769 6e67 yed. showing\n-000291e0: 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2065 6e74 7269 6573 all the entries\n-000291f0: 2077 6974 6869 6e20 7468 6973 2073 7562 within this sub\n-00029200: 6d65 6e75 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 416c 6c20 menu... All \n-00029210: 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 7468 6520 options are the \n-00029220: 7361 6d65 2061 7320 696e 2074 6865 20e2 same as in the .\n-00029230: 8098 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 79e2 8099 2063 ..menuentry... c\n-00029240: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 ommand (*note. \n-00029250: 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 3a3a 292e menuentry::).\n-00029260: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00029270: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4c6f 6164 nfo, Node: Load\n-00029280: 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 4e65 er commands, Ne\n-00029290: 7874 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 636f 6d6d xt: General comm\n-000292a0: 616e 6473 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204d 656e ands, Prev: Men\n-000292b0: 752d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2063 6f6d 6d61 u-specific comma\n-000292c0: 6e64 732c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e nds, Up: Comman\n-000292d0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e32 2056 6172 696f 7573 ds..17.2 Various\n-000292e0: 206c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 loader commands\n-000292f0: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n-00029300: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 =============..T\n-00029310: 6865 7365 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6172 hese commands ar\n-00029320: 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 206e e used to load n\n-00029330: 6563 6573 7361 7279 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 ecessary compone\n-00029340: 6e74 7320 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 6465 7369 nts to boot desi\n-00029350: 7265 6420 4f53 2e0a 4d61 6e79 206f 6620 red OS..Many of \n-00029360: 7468 6520 6c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 the loader comma\n-00029370: 6e64 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 7375 6666 nds are not suff\n-00029380: 6963 6965 6e74 6c79 2064 6f63 756d 656e iciently documen\n-00029390: 7465 642e 2020 5468 650a 666f 6c6c 6f77 ted. The.follow\n-000293a0: 696e 6720 6973 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 ing is a list of\n-000293b0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7468 6174 2063 commands that c\n-000293c0: 6f75 6c64 2075 7365 206d 6f72 6520 646f ould use more do\n-000293d0: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e3a 0a0a 2020 cumentation:.. \n-000293e0: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6170 706c 656c 6f61 ... ...appleloa\n-000293f0: 6465 72e2 8099 202d 2042 6f6f 7420 4249 der... - Boot BI\n-00029400: 4f53 2d62 6173 6564 2073 7973 7465 6d2e OS-based system.\n-00029410: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9866 7265 6564 . ... ...freed\n-00029420: 6f73 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2046 7265 os... - Load Fre\n-00029430: 6544 4f53 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 7379 732e eDOS kernel.sys.\n-00029440: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b 6672 6565 . ... ...kfree\n-00029450: 6273 645f 6c6f 6164 656e 76e2 8099 202d bsd_loadenv... -\n-00029460: 204c 6f61 6420 4672 6565 4253 4420 656e Load FreeBSD en\n-00029470: 762e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b 6672 v.. ... ...kfr\n-00029480: 6565 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f65 6c66 eebsd_module_elf\n-00029490: e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2046 7265 6542 ... - Load FreeB\n-000294a0: 5344 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6d6f 6475 6c65 SD kernel module\n-000294b0: 2028 454c 4629 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 (ELF).. ... .\n-000294c0: 8098 6b66 7265 6562 7364 5f6d 6f64 756c ..kfreebsd_modul\n-000294d0: 65e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 4672 6565 e... - Load Free\n-000294e0: 4253 4420 6b65 726e 656c 206d 6f64 756c BSD kernel modul\n-000294f0: 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b 6672 e.. ... ...kfr\n-00029500: 6565 6273 64e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 eebsd... - Load \n-00029510: 6b65 726e 656c 206f 6620 4672 6565 4253 kernel of FreeBS\n-00029520: 442e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b 6e65 D.. ... ...kne\n-00029530: 7462 7364 5f6d 6f64 756c 655f 656c 66e2 tbsd_module_elf.\n-00029540: 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 4e65 7442 5344 .. - Load NetBSD\n-00029550: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6d6f 6475 6c65 2028 kernel module (\n-00029560: 454c 4629 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ELF).. ... ...\n-00029570: 6b6e 6574 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 e280 knetbsd_module..\n-00029580: 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 204e 6574 4253 4420 . - Load NetBSD \n-00029590: 6b65 726e 656c 206d 6f64 756c 652e 0a20 kernel module.. \n-000295a0: 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b 6e65 7462 7364 ... ...knetbsd\n-000295b0: e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 206b 6572 6e65 ... - Load kerne\n-000295c0: 6c20 6f66 204e 6574 4253 442e 0a20 2020 l of NetBSD.. \n-000295d0: e280 a220 e280 986b 6f70 656e 6273 64e2 ... ...kopenbsd.\n-000295e0: 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 6b65 726e 656c .. - Load kernel\n-000295f0: 206f 6620 4f70 656e 4253 442e 0a20 2020 of OpenBSD.. \n-00029600: e280 a220 e280 986b 6f70 656e 6273 645f ... ...kopenbsd_\n-00029610: 7261 6d64 6973 6be2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 ramdisk... - Loa\n-00029620: 6420 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 2072 616d 6469 d kOpenBSD ramdi\n-00029630: 736b 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c65 sk.. ... ...le\n-00029640: 6761 6379 5f69 6e69 7472 645f 6e6f 756e gacy_initrd_noun\n-00029650: 7a69 70e2 8099 202d 2053 696d 756c 6174 zip... - Simulat\n-00029660: 6520 6772 7562 2d6c 6567 6163 7920 276d e grub-legacy 'm\n-00029670: 6f64 756c 656e 6f75 6e7a 6970 270a 2020 odulenounzip'. \n-00029680: 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a20 2020 e280 command. ..\n-00029690: a220 e280 986c 6567 6163 795f 696e 6974 . ...legacy_init\n-000296a0: 7264 e280 9920 2d20 5369 6d75 6c61 7465 rd... - Simulate\n-000296b0: 2067 7275 622d 6c65 6761 6379 2027 696e grub-legacy 'in\n-000296c0: 6974 7264 2720 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 2020 itrd' command. \n-000296d0: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c65 6761 6379 5f6b ... ...legacy_k\n-000296e0: 6572 6e65 6ce2 8099 202d 2053 696d 756c ernel... - Simul\n-000296f0: 6174 6520 6772 7562 2d6c 6567 6163 7920 ate grub-legacy \n-00029700: 276b 6572 6e65 6c27 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 'kernel' command\n-00029710: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986d 6f64 756c . ... ...modul\n-00029720: 6532 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 206d e2... - Load a m\n-00029730: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2032 206d 6f64 756c ultiboot 2 modul\n-00029740: 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986d 6f64 e.. ... ...mod\n-00029750: 756c 65e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 6120 ule... - Load a \n-00029760: 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 6d6f 6475 6c65 multiboot module\n-00029770: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6d75 6c74 .. ... ...mult\n-00029780: 6962 6f6f 7432 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 iboot2... - Load\n-00029790: 2061 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2032 206b a multiboot 2 k\n-000297a0: 6572 6e65 6c2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 ernel.. ... ..\n-000297b0: 986d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 e280 9920 2d20 .multiboot... - \n-000297c0: 4c6f 6164 2061 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 Load a multiboot\n-000297d0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 kernel.. ... \n-000297e0: e280 986e 746c 6472 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f ...ntldr... - Lo\n-000297f0: 6164 204e 544c 4452 206f 7220 426f 6f74 ad NTLDR or Boot\n-00029800: 4d47 522e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9870 MGR.. ... ...p\n-00029810: 6c61 6e39 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2050 lan9... - Load P\n-00029820: 6c61 6e39 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 0a20 2020 lan9 kernel.. \n-00029830: e280 a220 e280 9870 7865 6368 6169 6e6c ... ...pxechainl\n-00029840: 6f61 6465 72e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 oader... - Load \n-00029850: 6120 5058 4520 696d 6167 652e 0a20 2020 a PXE image.. \n-00029860: e280 a220 e280 9874 7275 6563 7279 7074 ... ...truecrypt\n-00029870: e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2054 7275 6563 ... - Load Truec\n-00029880: 7279 7074 2049 534f 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 rypt ISO.. ...\n-00029890: 20e2 8098 786e 755f 6b65 726e 656c 3634 ...xnu_kernel64\n-000298a0: e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2036 342d 6269 ... - Load 64-bi\n-000298b0: 7420 584e 5520 696d 6167 652e 0a20 2020 t XNU image.. \n-000298c0: e280 a220 e280 9878 6e75 5f6b 6572 6e65 ... ...xnu_kerne\n-000298d0: 6ce2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 584e 5520 l... - Load XNU \n-000298e0: 696d 6167 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 image.. ... ..\n-000298f0: 9878 6e75 5f6b 6578 7464 6972 e280 9920 .xnu_kextdir... \n-00029900: 2d20 4c6f 6164 2058 4e55 2065 7874 656e - Load XNU exten\n-00029910: 7369 6f6e 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2e0a sion directory..\n-00029920: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 786e 755f 6b65 ... ...xnu_ke\n-00029930: 7874 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2058 4e55 xt... - Load XNU\n-00029940: 2065 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 2e0a 2020 20e2 extension.. .\n-00029950: 80a2 20e2 8098 786e 755f 6d6b 6578 74e2 .. ...xnu_mkext.\n-00029960: 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 584e 5520 6578 .. - Load XNU ex\n-00029970: 7465 6e73 696f 6e20 7061 636b 6167 652e tension package.\n-00029980: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9878 6e75 5f72 . ... ...xnu_r\n-00029990: 616d 6469 736b e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 amdisk... - Load\n-000299a0: 2058 4e55 2072 616d 6469 736b 2e20 2049 XNU ramdisk. I\n-000299b0: 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6176 6169 6c61 t will be availa\n-000299c0: 626c 6520 696e 204f 5320 6173 0a20 2020 ble in OS as. \n-000299d0: 2020 6d64 302e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 md0.. ... ..\n-000299e0: 9878 6e75 5f72 6573 756d 65e2 8099 202d .xnu_resume... -\n-000299f0: 204c 6f61 6420 616e 2069 6d61 6765 206f Load an image o\n-00029a00: 6620 6869 6265 726e 6174 6564 2058 4e55 f hibernated XNU\n-00029a10: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 786e 755f .. ... ...xnu_\n-00029a20: 7370 6c61 7368 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 splash... - Load\n-00029a30: 2061 2073 706c 6173 6820 696d 6167 6520 a splash image \n-00029a40: 666f 7220 584e 552e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 for XNU...* Menu\n-00029a50: 3a0a 0a2a 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 :..* chainloader\n-00029a60: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-00029a70: 2020 2043 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6420 616e Chain-load an\n-00029a80: 6f74 6865 7220 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 other boot loade\n-00029a90: 720a 2a20 696e 6974 7264 3a3a 2020 2020 r.* initrd:: \n+000287e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2073 656d 616e =====..The seman\n+000287f0: 7469 6373 2075 7365 6420 696e 2070 6172 tics used in par\n+00028800: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 sing the configu\n+00028810: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6172 6520 ration file are \n+00028820: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 673a 0a0a the following:..\n+00028830: 2020 20e2 80a2 2054 6865 2066 696c 6573 ... The files\n+00028840: 205f 6d75 7374 5f20 6265 2069 6e20 706c _must_ be in pl\n+00028850: 6169 6e2d 7465 7874 2066 6f72 6d61 742e ain-text format.\n+00028860: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 23e2 8099 .. ... ...#...\n+00028870: 2061 7420 7468 6520 6265 6769 6e6e 696e at the beginnin\n+00028880: 6720 6f66 2061 206c 696e 6520 696e 2061 g of a line in a\n+00028890: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n+000288a0: 696c 6520 6d65 616e 7320 6974 2069 730a ile means it is.\n+000288b0: 2020 2020 206f 6e6c 7920 6120 636f 6d6d only a comm\n+000288c0: 656e 742e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 204f 7074 ent... ... Opt\n+000288d0: 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2073 6570 6172 6174 ions are separat\n+000288e0: 6564 2062 7920 7370 6163 6573 2e0a 0a20 ed by spaces... \n+000288f0: 2020 e280 a220 416c 6c20 6e75 6d62 6572 ... All number\n+00028900: 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2065 6974 6865 7220 s can be either \n+00028910: 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 6f72 2068 6578 6164 decimal or hexad\n+00028920: 6563 696d 616c 2e20 2041 2068 6578 6164 ecimal. A hexad\n+00028930: 6563 696d 616c 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d62 ecimal. numb\n+00028940: 6572 206d 7573 7420 6265 2070 7265 6365 er must be prece\n+00028950: 6465 6420 6279 20e2 8098 3078 e280 992c ded by ...0x...,\n+00028960: 2061 6e64 2069 7320 6361 7365 2d69 6e73 and is case-ins\n+00028970: 656e 7369 7469 7665 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 ensitive... Th\n+00028980: 6573 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2063 616e ese commands can\n+00028990: 206f 6e6c 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 696e only be used in\n+000289a0: 2074 6865 206d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4d65 the menu:..* Me\n+000289b0: 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 nu:..* menuentry\n+000289c0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+000289d0: 2020 2020 2053 7461 7274 2061 206d 656e Start a men\n+000289e0: 7520 656e 7472 790a 2a20 7375 626d 656e u entry.* submen\n+000289f0: 753a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 u:: \n+00028a00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4772 6f75 7020 6d65 Group me\n+00028a10: 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 0a0a 1f0a 4669 nu entries....Fi\n+00028a20: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00028a30: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 792c Node: menuentry,\n+00028a40: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7375 626d 656e 752c Next: submenu,\n+00028a50: 2020 5570 3a20 4d65 6e75 2d73 7065 6369 Up: Menu-speci\n+00028a60: 6669 6320 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 fic commands..17\n+00028a70: 2e31 2e31 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 0a2d .1.1 menuentry.-\n+00028a80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00028a90: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6d65 . -- Command: me\n+00028aa0: 6e75 656e 7472 7920 5449 544c 4520 5b2d nuentry TITLE [-\n+00028ab0: 2d63 6c61 7373 3d63 6c61 7373 202e 2e2e -class=class ...\n+00028ac0: 5d20 5b2d 2d75 7365 7273 3d75 7365 7273 ] [--users=users\n+00028ad0: 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b2d 2d75 ]. [--u\n+00028ae0: 6e72 6573 7472 6963 7465 645d 205b 2d2d nrestricted] [--\n+00028af0: 686f 746b 6579 3d6b 6579 5d20 5b2d 2d69 hotkey=key] [--i\n+00028b00: 643d 6964 5d20 5b41 5247 202e 2e2e 5d20 d=id] [ARG ...] \n+00028b10: 7b20 434f 4d4d 414e 443b 0a20 2020 2020 { COMMAND;. \n+00028b20: 2020 2020 202e 2e2e 207d 0a20 2020 2020 ... }. \n+00028b30: 5468 6973 2064 6566 696e 6573 2061 2047 This defines a G\n+00028b40: 5255 4220 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 206e RUB menu entry n\n+00028b50: 616d 6564 2054 4954 4c45 2e20 2057 6865 amed TITLE. Whe\n+00028b60: 6e20 7468 6973 2065 6e74 7279 2069 730a n this entry is.\n+00028b70: 2020 2020 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 6672 selected fr\n+00028b80: 6f6d 2074 6865 206d 656e 752c 2047 5255 om the menu, GRU\n+00028b90: 4220 7769 6c6c 2073 6574 2074 6865 2043 B will set the C\n+00028ba0: 484f 5345 4e20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e HOSEN environmen\n+00028bb0: 740a 2020 2020 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 t. variable \n+00028bc0: 746f 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 e280 982d to value of ...-\n+00028bd0: 2d69 64e2 8099 2069 6620 e280 982d 2d69 -id... if ...--i\n+00028be0: 64e2 8099 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2065 d... is given, e\n+00028bf0: 7865 6375 7465 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 xecute the list \n+00028c00: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 of. commands\n+00028c10: 2067 6976 656e 2077 6974 6869 6e20 6272 given within br\n+00028c20: 6163 6573 2c20 616e 6420 6966 2074 6865 aces, and if the\n+00028c30: 206c 6173 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 696e last command in\n+00028c40: 2074 6865 206c 6973 740a 2020 2020 2072 the list. r\n+00028c50: 6574 7572 6e65 6420 7375 6363 6573 7366 eturned successf\n+00028c60: 756c 6c79 2061 6e64 2061 206b 6572 6e65 ully and a kerne\n+00028c70: 6c20 7761 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 2069 7420 l was loaded it \n+00028c80: 7769 6c6c 2065 7865 6375 7465 2074 6865 will execute the\n+00028c90: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9862 6f6f 74e2 8099 . ...boot...\n+00028ca0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 command... \n+00028cb0: 5468 6520 e280 982d 2d63 6c61 7373 e280 The ...--class..\n+00028cc0: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 2062 6520 . option may be \n+00028cd0: 7573 6564 2061 6e79 206e 756d 6265 7220 used any number \n+00028ce0: 6f66 2074 696d 6573 2074 6f20 6772 6f75 of times to grou\n+00028cf0: 7020 6d65 6e75 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 p menu. entr\n+00028d00: 6965 7320 696e 746f 2063 6c61 7373 6573 ies into classes\n+00028d10: 2e20 204d 656e 7520 7468 656d 6573 206d . Menu themes m\n+00028d20: 6179 2064 6973 706c 6179 2064 6966 6665 ay display diffe\n+00028d30: 7265 6e74 2063 6c61 7373 6573 0a20 2020 rent classes. \n+00028d40: 2020 7573 696e 6720 6469 6666 6572 656e using differen\n+00028d50: 7420 7374 796c 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 t styles... \n+00028d60: 5468 6520 e280 982d 2d75 7365 7273 e280 The ...--users..\n+00028d70: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2067 7261 6e74 7320 . option grants \n+00028d80: 7370 6563 6966 6963 2075 7365 7273 2061 specific users a\n+00028d90: 6363 6573 7320 746f 2073 7065 6369 6669 ccess to specifi\n+00028da0: 6320 6d65 6e75 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 c menu. entr\n+00028db0: 6965 732e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 ies. *Note Secu\n+00028dc0: 7269 7479 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 rity::... Th\n+00028dd0: 6520 e280 982d 2d75 6e72 6573 7472 6963 e ...--unrestric\n+00028de0: 7465 64e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6772 ted... option gr\n+00028df0: 616e 7473 2061 6c6c 2075 7365 7273 2061 ants all users a\n+00028e00: 6363 6573 7320 746f 2073 7065 6369 6669 ccess to specifi\n+00028e10: 630a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 c. menu entr\n+00028e20: 6965 732e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 ies. *Note Secu\n+00028e30: 7269 7479 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 rity::... Th\n+00028e40: 6520 e280 982d 2d68 6f74 6b65 79e2 8099 e ...--hotkey...\n+00028e50: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6173 736f 6369 6174 option associat\n+00028e60: 6573 2061 2068 6f74 6b65 7920 7769 7468 es a hotkey with\n+00028e70: 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 792e 2020 a menu entry. \n+00028e80: 4b45 590a 2020 2020 206d 6179 2062 6520 KEY. may be \n+00028e90: 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 206c 6574 7465 722c a single letter,\n+00028ea0: 206f 7220 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2061 or one of the a\n+00028eb0: 6c69 6173 6573 20e2 8098 6261 636b 7370 liases ...backsp\n+00028ec0: 6163 65e2 8099 2c20 e280 9874 6162 e280 ace..., ...tab..\n+00028ed0: 992c 0a20 2020 2020 6f72 20e2 8098 6465 .,. or ...de\n+00028ee0: 6c65 7465 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 lete...... T\n+00028ef0: 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 6964 e280 9920 6d61 he ...--id... ma\n+00028f00: 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2061 7373 y be used to ass\n+00028f10: 6f63 6961 7465 2075 6e69 7175 6520 6964 ociate unique id\n+00028f20: 656e 7469 6669 6572 2077 6974 6820 6120 entifier with a \n+00028f30: 6d65 6e75 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 792e menu. entry.\n+00028f40: 2020 4944 2069 7320 7374 7269 6e67 206f ID is string o\n+00028f50: 6620 4153 4349 4920 6170 6861 6e75 6d65 f ASCII aphanume\n+00028f60: 7269 6320 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2c20 ric characters, \n+00028f70: 756e 6465 7273 636f 7265 0a20 2020 2020 underscore. \n+00028f80: 616e 6420 6879 7068 656e 2061 6e64 2073 and hyphen and s\n+00028f90: 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 7374 6172 7420 hould not start \n+00028fa0: 7769 7468 2061 2064 6967 6974 2e0a 0a20 with a digit... \n+00028fb0: 2020 2020 416c 6c20 6f74 6865 7220 6172 All other ar\n+00028fc0: 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 696e 636c 7564 696e guments includin\n+00028fd0: 6720 5449 544c 4520 6172 6520 7061 7373 g TITLE are pass\n+00028fe0: 6564 2061 7320 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 616c ed as positional\n+00028ff0: 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 . parameters\n+00029000: 2077 6865 6e20 6c69 7374 206f 6620 636f when list of co\n+00029010: 6d6d 616e 6473 2069 7320 6578 6563 7574 mmands is execut\n+00029020: 6564 2077 6974 6820 5449 544c 4520 616c ed with TITLE al\n+00029030: 7761 7973 0a20 2020 2020 6173 7369 676e ways. assign\n+00029040: 6564 2074 6f20 e280 9824 31e2 8099 2e0a ed to ...$1.....\n+00029050: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+00029060: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 7562 6d65 fo, Node: subme\n+00029070: 6e75 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206d 656e 7565 nu, Prev: menue\n+00029080: 6e74 7279 2c20 2055 703a 204d 656e 752d ntry, Up: Menu-\n+00029090: 7370 6563 6966 6963 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 specific command\n+000290a0: 730a 0a31 372e 312e 3220 7375 626d 656e s..17.1.2 submen\n+000290b0: 750a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d u.--------------\n+000290c0: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 .. -- Command: s\n+000290d0: 7562 6d65 6e75 2054 4954 4c45 205b 2d2d ubmenu TITLE [--\n+000290e0: 636c 6173 733d 636c 6173 7320 2e2e 2e5d class=class ...]\n+000290f0: 205b 2d2d 7573 6572 733d 7573 6572 735d [--users=users]\n+00029100: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b 2d2d 756e . [--un\n+00029110: 7265 7374 7269 6374 6564 5d20 5b2d 2d68 restricted] [--h\n+00029120: 6f74 6b65 793d 6b65 795d 205b 2d2d 6964 otkey=key] [--id\n+00029130: 3d69 645d 207b 204d 454e 5520 454e 5452 =id] { MENU ENTR\n+00029140: 4945 5320 2e2e 2e20 7d0a 2020 2020 2054 IES ... }. T\n+00029150: 6869 7320 6465 6669 6e65 7320 6120 7375 his defines a su\n+00029160: 626d 656e 752e 2020 416e 2065 6e74 7279 bmenu. An entry\n+00029170: 2063 616c 6c65 6420 5449 544c 4520 7769 called TITLE wi\n+00029180: 6c6c 2062 6520 6164 6465 6420 746f 2074 ll be added to t\n+00029190: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 3b20 7768 he. menu; wh\n+000291a0: 656e 2074 6861 7420 656e 7472 7920 6973 en that entry is\n+000291b0: 2073 656c 6563 7465 642c 2061 206e 6577 selected, a new\n+000291c0: 206d 656e 7520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6469 menu will be di\n+000291d0: 7370 6c61 7965 640a 2020 2020 2073 686f splayed. sho\n+000291e0: 7769 6e67 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2065 6e74 wing all the ent\n+000291f0: 7269 6573 2077 6974 6869 6e20 7468 6973 ries within this\n+00029200: 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 submenu... \n+00029210: 416c 6c20 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 All options are \n+00029220: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 696e 2074 the same as in t\n+00029230: 6865 20e2 8098 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 79e2 he ...menuentry.\n+00029240: 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 .. command (*not\n+00029250: 650a 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 e. menuentry\n+00029260: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ::).....File: gr\n+00029270: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00029280: 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c Loader commands,\n+00029290: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 Next: General \n+000292a0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2050 7265 763a commands, Prev:\n+000292b0: 204d 656e 752d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2063 Menu-specific c\n+000292c0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 5570 3a20 436f ommands, Up: Co\n+000292d0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e32 2056 6172 mmands..17.2 Var\n+000292e0: 696f 7573 206c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d ious loader comm\n+000292f0: 616e 6473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ands.===========\n+00029300: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00029310: 3d0a 0a54 6865 7365 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 =..These command\n+00029320: 7320 6172 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6c6f s are used to lo\n+00029330: 6164 206e 6563 6573 7361 7279 2063 6f6d ad necessary com\n+00029340: 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 ponents to boot \n+00029350: 6465 7369 7265 6420 4f53 2e0a 4d61 6e79 desired OS..Many\n+00029360: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c6f 6164 6572 2063 of the loader c\n+00029370: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 ommands are not \n+00029380: 7375 6666 6963 6965 6e74 6c79 2064 6f63 sufficiently doc\n+00029390: 756d 656e 7465 642e 2020 5468 650a 666f umented. The.fo\n+000293a0: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6973 2061 206c 6973 llowing is a lis\n+000293b0: 7420 6f66 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7468 t of commands th\n+000293c0: 6174 2063 6f75 6c64 2075 7365 206d 6f72 at could use mor\n+000293d0: 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e3a e documentation:\n+000293e0: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6170 706c .. ... ...appl\n+000293f0: 656c 6f61 6465 72e2 8099 202d 2042 6f6f eloader... - Boo\n+00029400: 7420 4249 4f53 2d62 6173 6564 2073 7973 t BIOS-based sys\n+00029410: 7465 6d2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9866 tem.. ... ...f\n+00029420: 7265 6564 6f73 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 reedos... - Load\n+00029430: 2046 7265 6544 4f53 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e FreeDOS kernel.\n+00029440: 7379 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b sys.. ... ...k\n+00029450: 6672 6565 6273 645f 6c6f 6164 656e 76e2 freebsd_loadenv.\n+00029460: 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 4672 6565 4253 .. - Load FreeBS\n+00029470: 4420 656e 762e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 D env.. ... ..\n+00029480: 986b 6672 6565 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 6c65 .kfreebsd_module\n+00029490: 5f65 6c66 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2046 _elf... - Load F\n+000294a0: 7265 6542 5344 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6d6f reeBSD kernel mo\n+000294b0: 6475 6c65 2028 454c 4629 2e0a 2020 20e2 dule (ELF).. .\n+000294c0: 80a2 20e2 8098 6b66 7265 6562 7364 5f6d .. ...kfreebsd_m\n+000294d0: 6f64 756c 65e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 odule... - Load \n+000294e0: 4672 6565 4253 4420 6b65 726e 656c 206d FreeBSD kernel m\n+000294f0: 6f64 756c 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 odule.. ... ..\n+00029500: 986b 6672 6565 6273 64e2 8099 202d 204c .kfreebsd... - L\n+00029510: 6f61 6420 6b65 726e 656c 206f 6620 4672 oad kernel of Fr\n+00029520: 6565 4253 442e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 eeBSD.. ... ..\n+00029530: 986b 6e65 7462 7364 5f6d 6f64 756c 655f .knetbsd_module_\n+00029540: 656c 66e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 4e65 elf... - Load Ne\n+00029550: 7442 5344 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6d6f 6475 tBSD kernel modu\n+00029560: 6c65 2028 454c 4629 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 le (ELF).. ...\n+00029570: 20e2 8098 6b6e 6574 6273 645f 6d6f 6475 ...knetbsd_modu\n+00029580: 6c65 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 204e 6574 le... - Load Net\n+00029590: 4253 4420 6b65 726e 656c 206d 6f64 756c BSD kernel modul\n+000295a0: 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b 6e65 e.. ... ...kne\n+000295b0: 7462 7364 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 206b tbsd... - Load k\n+000295c0: 6572 6e65 6c20 6f66 204e 6574 4253 442e ernel of NetBSD.\n+000295d0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b 6f70 656e . ... ...kopen\n+000295e0: 6273 64e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 6b65 bsd... - Load ke\n+000295f0: 726e 656c 206f 6620 4f70 656e 4253 442e rnel of OpenBSD.\n+00029600: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986b 6f70 656e . ... ...kopen\n+00029610: 6273 645f 7261 6d64 6973 6be2 8099 202d bsd_ramdisk... -\n+00029620: 204c 6f61 6420 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 2072 Load kOpenBSD r\n+00029630: 616d 6469 736b 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 amdisk.. ... .\n+00029640: 8098 6c65 6761 6379 5f69 6e69 7472 645f ..legacy_initrd_\n+00029650: 6e6f 756e 7a69 70e2 8099 202d 2053 696d nounzip... - Sim\n+00029660: 756c 6174 6520 6772 7562 2d6c 6567 6163 ulate grub-legac\n+00029670: 7920 276d 6f64 756c 656e 6f75 6e7a 6970 y 'modulenounzip\n+00029680: 270a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a20 '. command. \n+00029690: 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 6567 6163 795f ... ...legacy_\n+000296a0: 696e 6974 7264 e280 9920 2d20 5369 6d75 initrd... - Simu\n+000296b0: 6c61 7465 2067 7275 622d 6c65 6761 6379 late grub-legacy\n+000296c0: 2027 696e 6974 7264 2720 636f 6d6d 616e 'initrd' comman\n+000296d0: 640a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c65 6761 d. ... ...lega\n+000296e0: 6379 5f6b 6572 6e65 6ce2 8099 202d 2053 cy_kernel... - S\n+000296f0: 696d 756c 6174 6520 6772 7562 2d6c 6567 imulate grub-leg\n+00029700: 6163 7920 276b 6572 6e65 6c27 2063 6f6d acy 'kernel' com\n+00029710: 6d61 6e64 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986d mand. ... ...m\n+00029720: 6f64 756c 6532 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 odule2... - Load\n+00029730: 2061 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2032 206d a multiboot 2 m\n+00029740: 6f64 756c 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 odule.. ... ..\n+00029750: 986d 6f64 756c 65e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 .module... - Loa\n+00029760: 6420 6120 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 6d6f d a multiboot mo\n+00029770: 6475 6c65 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 dule.. ... ...\n+00029780: 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7432 e280 9920 2d20 multiboot2... - \n+00029790: 4c6f 6164 2061 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 Load a multiboot\n+000297a0: 2032 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 0a20 2020 e280 2 kernel.. ..\n+000297b0: a220 e280 986d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 e280 . ...multiboot..\n+000297c0: 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 206d 756c 7469 . - Load a multi\n+000297d0: 626f 6f74 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e 0a20 2020 boot kernel.. \n+000297e0: e280 a220 e280 986e 746c 6472 e280 9920 ... ...ntldr... \n+000297f0: 2d20 4c6f 6164 204e 544c 4452 206f 7220 - Load NTLDR or \n+00029800: 426f 6f74 4d47 522e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 BootMGR.. ... \n+00029810: e280 9870 6c61 6e39 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f ...plan9... - Lo\n+00029820: 6164 2050 6c61 6e39 206b 6572 6e65 6c2e ad Plan9 kernel.\n+00029830: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9870 7865 6368 . ... ...pxech\n+00029840: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 72e2 8099 202d 204c ainloader... - L\n+00029850: 6f61 6420 6120 5058 4520 696d 6167 652e oad a PXE image.\n+00029860: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9874 7275 6563 . ... ...truec\n+00029870: 7279 7074 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2054 rypt... - Load T\n+00029880: 7275 6563 7279 7074 2049 534f 2e0a 2020 ruecrypt ISO.. \n+00029890: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 786e 755f 6b65 726e ... ...xnu_kern\n+000298a0: 656c 3634 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2036 el64... - Load 6\n+000298b0: 342d 6269 7420 584e 5520 696d 6167 652e 4-bit XNU image.\n+000298c0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9878 6e75 5f6b . ... ...xnu_k\n+000298d0: 6572 6e65 6ce2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 ernel... - Load \n+000298e0: 584e 5520 696d 6167 652e 0a20 2020 e280 XNU image.. ..\n+000298f0: a220 e280 9878 6e75 5f6b 6578 7464 6972 . ...xnu_kextdir\n+00029900: e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2058 4e55 2065 ... - Load XNU e\n+00029910: 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 2064 6972 6563 746f xtension directo\n+00029920: 7279 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 786e ry.. ... ...xn\n+00029930: 755f 6b65 7874 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 u_kext... - Load\n+00029940: 2058 4e55 2065 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 2e0a XNU extension..\n+00029950: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 786e 755f 6d6b ... ...xnu_mk\n+00029960: 6578 74e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 584e ext... - Load XN\n+00029970: 5520 6578 7465 6e73 696f 6e20 7061 636b U extension pack\n+00029980: 6167 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9878 age.. ... ...x\n+00029990: 6e75 5f72 616d 6469 736b e280 9920 2d20 nu_ramdisk... - \n+000299a0: 4c6f 6164 2058 4e55 2072 616d 6469 736b Load XNU ramdisk\n+000299b0: 2e20 2049 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6176 . It will be av\n+000299c0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 696e 204f 5320 6173 ailable in OS as\n+000299d0: 0a20 2020 2020 6d64 302e 0a20 2020 e280 . md0.. ..\n+000299e0: a220 e280 9878 6e75 5f72 6573 756d 65e2 . ...xnu_resume.\n+000299f0: 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 616e 2069 6d61 .. - Load an ima\n+00029a00: 6765 206f 6620 6869 6265 726e 6174 6564 ge of hibernated\n+00029a10: 2058 4e55 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 XNU.. ... ...\n+00029a20: 786e 755f 7370 6c61 7368 e280 9920 2d20 xnu_splash... - \n+00029a30: 4c6f 6164 2061 2073 706c 6173 6820 696d Load a splash im\n+00029a40: 6167 6520 666f 7220 584e 552e 0a0a 2a20 age for XNU...* \n+00029a50: 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2063 6861 696e 6c6f Menu:..* chainlo\n+00029a60: 6164 6572 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ader:: \n+00029a70: 2020 2020 2020 2043 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 Chain-loa\n+00029a80: 6420 616e 6f74 6865 7220 626f 6f74 206c d another boot l\n+00029a90: 6f61 6465 720a 2a20 696e 6974 7264 3a3a oader.* initrd::\n 00029aa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00029ab0: 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 204c 696e 7578 2069 Load a Linux i\n-00029ac0: 6e69 7472 640a 2a20 696e 6974 7264 3136 nitrd.* initrd16\n-00029ad0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-00029ae0: 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 204c 696e Load a Lin\n-00029af0: 7578 2069 6e69 7472 6420 2831 362d 6269 ux initrd (16-bi\n-00029b00: 7420 6d6f 6465 290a 2a20 6c69 6e75 783a t mode).* linux:\n-00029b10: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-00029b20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 204c Load a L\n-00029b30: 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c0a 2a20 6c69 inux kernel.* li\n-00029b40: 6e75 7831 363a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 nux16:: \n-00029b50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 Load\n-00029b60: 2061 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 a Linux kernel \n-00029b70: 2831 362d 6269 7420 6d6f 6465 290a 2a20 (16-bit mode).* \n-00029b80: 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 3a3a xen_hypervisor::\n-00029b90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f Lo\n-00029ba0: 6164 2078 656e 2068 7970 6572 7669 736f ad xen hyperviso\n-00029bb0: 7220 6269 6e61 7279 2028 6f6e 6c79 206f r binary (only o\n-00029bc0: 6e20 4141 7263 6836 3429 0a2a 2078 656e n AArch64).* xen\n-00029bd0: 5f6d 6f64 756c 653a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 _module:: \n-00029be0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 Load \n-00029bf0: 7865 6e20 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 666f 7220 xen modules for \n-00029c00: 7865 6e20 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 2028 xen hypervisor (\n-00029c10: 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e20 4141 7263 6836 3429 only on AArch64)\n-00029c20: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00029c30: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6368 6169 nfo, Node: chai\n-00029c40: 6e6c 6f61 6465 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 nloader, Next: \n-00029c50: 696e 6974 7264 2c20 2055 703a 204c 6f61 initrd, Up: Loa\n-00029c60: 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 der commands..17\n-00029c70: 2e32 2e31 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 .2.1 chainloader\n-00029c80: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n-00029c90: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-00029ca0: 3a20 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 5b2d : chainloader [-\n-00029cb0: 2d66 6f72 6365 5d20 6669 6c65 205b 6172 -force] file [ar\n-00029cc0: 6773 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 gs...]. Load\n-00029cd0: 2046 494c 4520 6173 2061 2063 6861 696e FILE as a chain\n-00029ce0: 2d6c 6f61 6465 722e 2020 4c69 6b65 2061 -loader. Like a\n-00029cf0: 6e79 206f 7468 6572 2066 696c 6520 6c6f ny other file lo\n-00029d00: 6164 6564 2062 7920 7468 650a 2020 2020 aded by the. \n-00029d10: 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 636f 6465 filesystem code\n-00029d20: 2c20 6974 2063 616e 2075 7365 2074 6865 , it can use the\n-00029d30: 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 206e 6f74 6174 blocklist notat\n-00029d40: 696f 6e20 282a 6e6f 7465 2042 6c6f 636b ion (*note Block\n-00029d50: 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 7374 2073 796e 7461 . list synta\n-00029d60: 783a 3a29 2074 6f20 6772 6162 2074 6865 x::) to grab the\n-00029d70: 2066 6972 7374 2073 6563 746f 7220 6f66 first sector of\n-00029d80: 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2070 6172 the current par\n-00029d90: 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 tition. with\n-00029da0: 20e2 8098 2b31 e280 992e 2020 4f6e 2045 ...+1.... On E\n-00029db0: 4649 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2c20 616e FI platforms, an\n-00029dc0: 7920 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 6166 7465 y arguments afte\n-00029dd0: 7220 4649 4c45 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 r FILE will be s\n-00029de0: 656e 740a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 7468 6520 ent. to the \n-00029df0: 6c6f 6164 6564 2069 6d61 6765 2e0a 0a20 loaded image... \n-00029e00: 2020 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2073 7065 6369 If you speci\n-00029e10: 6679 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 fy the option ..\n-00029e20: 982d 2d66 6f72 6365 e280 992c 2074 6865 .--force..., the\n-00029e30: 6e20 6c6f 6164 2046 494c 4520 666f 7263 n load FILE forc\n-00029e40: 6962 6c79 2c0a 2020 2020 2077 6865 7468 ibly,. wheth\n-00029e50: 6572 2069 7420 6861 7320 6120 636f 7272 er it has a corr\n-00029e60: 6563 7420 7369 676e 6174 7572 6520 6f72 ect signature or\n-00029e70: 206e 6f74 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2072 not. This is r\n-00029e80: 6571 7569 7265 6420 7768 656e 0a20 2020 equired when. \n-00029e90: 2020 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 6c6f you want to lo\n-00029ea0: 6164 2061 2064 6566 6563 7469 7665 2062 ad a defective b\n-00029eb0: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 7375 6368 oot loader, such\n-00029ec0: 2061 7320 5343 4f20 556e 6978 5761 7265 as SCO UnixWare\n-00029ed0: 2037 2e31 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7.1.....File: g\n-00029ee0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00029ef0: 2069 6e69 7472 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 initrd, Next: \n-00029f00: 696e 6974 7264 3136 2c20 2050 7265 763a initrd16, Prev:\n-00029f10: 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 2055 chainloader, U\n-00029f20: 703a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e p: Loader comman\n-00029f30: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e32 2e32 2069 6e69 7472 ds..17.2.2 initr\n-00029f40: 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a d.-------------.\n-00029f50: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 696e . -- Command: in\n-00029f60: 6974 7264 2066 696c 6520 5b66 696c 6520 itrd file [file \n-00029f70: 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2c20 ...]. Load, \n-00029f80: 696e 206f 7264 6572 2c20 616c 6c20 696e in order, all in\n-00029f90: 6974 7264 7320 666f 7220 6120 4c69 6e75 itrds for a Linu\n-00029fa0: 7820 6b65 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 2c20 x kernel image, \n-00029fb0: 616e 6420 7365 7420 7468 650a 2020 2020 and set the. \n-00029fc0: 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2070 6172 appropriate par\n-00029fd0: 616d 6574 6572 7320 696e 2074 6865 204c ameters in the L\n-00029fe0: 696e 7578 2073 6574 7570 2061 7265 6120 inux setup area \n-00029ff0: 696e 206d 656d 6f72 792e 2020 5468 6973 in memory. This\n-0002a000: 206d 6179 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e 6c79 2062 may. only b\n-0002a010: 6520 7573 6564 2061 6674 6572 2074 6865 e used after the\n-0002a020: 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 78e2 8099 2063 6f6d ...linux... com\n-0002a030: 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 6e75 mand (*note linu\n-0002a040: 783a 3a29 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e0a 2020 x::) has been. \n-0002a050: 2020 2072 756e 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f run. See *no\n-0002a060: 7465 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 3a3a 2066 te GNU/Linux:: f\n-0002a070: 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 206f 6e20 or more info on \n-0002a080: 626f 6f74 696e 6720 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 booting GNU/Linu\n-0002a090: 782e 0a20 2020 2020 466f 7220 6d6f 7265 x.. For more\n-0002a0a0: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 information on \n-0002a0b0: 696e 6974 7264 7320 7365 6520 7468 6520 initrds see the \n-0002a0c0: 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c GNU/Linux kernel\n-0002a0d0: 0a20 2020 2020 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 . documentat\n-0002a0e0: 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2028 6874 7470 733a ion. (https:\n-0002a0f0: 2f2f 646f 6373 2e6b 6572 6e65 6c2e 6f72 //docs.kernel.or\n-0002a100: 672f 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 732f 7261 g/filesystems/ra\n-0002a110: 6d66 732d 726f 6f74 6673 2d69 6e69 7472 mfs-rootfs-initr\n-0002a120: 616d 6673 2e68 746d 6c29 2e0a 0a20 2020 amfs.html)... \n-0002a130: 2020 4120 6e65 772d 7374 796c 6520 696e A new-style in\n-0002a140: 6974 7264 2028 666f 7220 6b65 726e 656c itrd (for kernel\n-0002a150: 7320 6e65 7765 7220 7468 616e 2032 2e36 s newer than 2.6\n-0002a160: 2920 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 206f 6e65 ) containing one\n-0002a170: 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 file. with \n-0002a180: 6c65 6164 696e 6720 7061 7468 2063 6f6d leading path com\n-0002a190: 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 6361 6e20 616c 736f ponents can also\n-0002a1a0: 2062 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 6174 be generated at\n-0002a1b0: 2072 756e 2074 696d 652e 0a20 2020 2020 run time.. \n-0002a1c0: 5468 6973 2063 616e 2062 6520 646f 6e65 This can be done\n-0002a1d0: 2062 7920 7072 6566 6978 696e 6720 616e by prefixing an\n-0002a1e0: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 7769 7468 20e2 argument with .\n-0002a1f0: 8098 6e65 7763 3ae2 8099 2066 6f6c 6c6f ..newc:... follo\n-0002a200: 7765 6420 6279 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 wed by. the \n-0002a210: 7061 7468 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 6c65 path of the file\n-0002a220: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6e65 7720 696e 6974 in the new init\n-0002a230: 7264 2c20 6120 e280 983a e280 992c 2061 rd, a ...:..., a\n-0002a240: 6e64 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 4752 5542 nd then the GRUB\n-0002a250: 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 2070 6174 6820 . file path \n-0002a260: 746f 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 6461 7461 to the file data\n-0002a270: 2074 6f20 6265 2062 6520 696e 636c 7564 to be be includ\n-0002a280: 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 466f 7220 6578 ed... For ex\n-0002a290: 616d 706c 653a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ample:. \n-0002a2a0: 2069 6e69 7472 6420 6e65 7763 3a2f 6574 initrd newc:/et\n-0002a2b0: 632f 7373 682f 636f 6e66 6967 3a28 6864 c/ssh/config:(hd\n-0002a2c0: 302c 3229 2f68 6f6d 652f 7573 6572 2f2e 0,2)/home/user/.\n-0002a2d0: 7373 682f 636f 6e66 6967 205c 0a20 2020 ssh/config \\. \n-0002a2e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 ne\n-0002a2f0: 7763 3a2f 6574 632f 7373 682f 7373 685f wc:/etc/ssh/ssh_\n-0002a300: 686f 7374 5f72 7361 5f6b 6579 3a2f 6574 host_rsa_key:/et\n-0002a310: 632f 7373 682f 7373 685f 686f 7374 5f72 c/ssh/ssh_host_r\n-0002a320: 7361 5f6b 6579 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 sa_key \\. \n-0002a330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2f62 6f6f 742f /boot/\n-0002a340: 696e 6974 7264 2e67 7a20 5c0a 2020 2020 initrd.gz \\. \n-0002a350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6577 new\n-0002a360: 633a 2f69 6e69 743a 2f68 6f6d 652f 7573 c:/init:/home/us\n-0002a370: 6572 2f69 6e69 742e 6669 7865 640a 0a20 er/init.fixed.. \n-0002a380: 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 This command\n-0002a390: 2077 696c 6c20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 2074 will generate t\n-0002a3a0: 776f 206e 6577 2d73 7479 6c65 2069 6e69 wo new-style ini\n-0002a3b0: 7472 6473 206f 6e20 7468 6520 666c 792e trds on the fly.\n-0002a3c0: 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 2066 6972 7374 The. first\n-0002a3d0: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7468 6520 7061 contains the pa\n-0002a3e0: 7468 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f73 7368 2f63 th .../etc/ssh/c\n-0002a3f0: 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2077 6974 6820 7468 onfig... with th\n-0002a400: 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 660a 2020 e contents of. \n-0002a410: 2020 20e2 8098 2868 6430 2c32 292f 686f ...(hd0,2)/ho\n-0002a420: 6d65 2f75 7365 722f 2e73 7368 2f63 6f6e me/user/.ssh/con\n-0002a430: 6669 67e2 8099 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2070 fig... and the p\n-0002a440: 6174 680a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 ath. .../etc\n-0002a450: 2f73 7368 2f73 7368 5f68 6f73 745f 7273 /ssh/ssh_host_rs\n-0002a460: 615f 6b65 79e2 8099 2077 6974 6820 7468 a_key... with th\n-0002a470: 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 660a 2020 e contents of. \n-0002a480: 2020 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f73 7368 2f73 .../etc/ssh/s\n-0002a490: 7368 5f68 6f73 745f 7273 615f 6b65 79e2 sh_host_rsa_key.\n-0002a4a0: 8099 206f 6e20 7468 6520 524f 4f54 2064 .. on the ROOT d\n-0002a4b0: 6576 6963 652e 2020 5061 7265 6e74 2064 evice. Parent d\n-0002a4c0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 0a20 2020 2020 7061 irectory. pa\n-0002a4d0: 7468 7320 7769 6c6c 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 ths will automat\n-0002a4e0: 6963 616c 6c79 2062 6520 6765 6e65 7261 ically be genera\n-0002a4f0: 7465 6420 6173 206e 6565 6465 642e 2020 ted as needed. \n-0002a500: 5468 6973 2066 6972 7374 0a20 2020 2020 This first. \n-0002a510: 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 696e 6974 7264 generated initrd\n-0002a520: 2077 696c 6c20 7468 656e 2068 6176 6520 will then have \n-0002a530: e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f69 6e69 7472 642e .../boot/initrd.\n-0002a540: 677a e280 9920 636f 6e63 6174 656e 6174 gz... concatenat\n-0002a550: 6564 0a20 2020 2020 6166 7465 7220 6974 ed. after it\n-0002a560: 2e20 204e 6578 742c 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 . Next, another\n-0002a570: 206e 6577 2d73 7479 6c65 2061 7263 6869 new-style archi\n-0002a580: 7665 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2067 656e 6572 ve will be gener\n-0002a590: 6174 6564 2077 6974 680a 2020 2020 2074 ated with. t\n-0002a5a0: 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 20e2 he contents of .\n-0002a5b0: 8098 2f68 6f6d 652f 7573 6572 2f69 6e69 ../home/user/ini\n-0002a5c0: 742e 6669 7865 64e2 8099 2069 6e20 7468 t.fixed... in th\n-0002a5d0: 6520 7061 7468 20e2 8098 2f69 6e69 74e2 e path .../init.\n-0002a5e0: 8099 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 6170 7065 .. and. appe\n-0002a5f0: 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7072 6576 nded to the prev\n-0002a600: 696f 7573 2063 6f6e 6361 7465 6e61 7469 ious concatenati\n-0002a610: 6f6e 2e20 2046 696e 616c 6c79 2c20 7468 on. Finally, th\n-0002a620: 6520 7265 7375 6c74 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 e result will. \n-0002a630: 2020 2062 6520 7365 6e74 2074 6f20 7468 be sent to th\n-0002a640: 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2077 6865 6e20 626f e kernel when bo\n-0002a650: 6f74 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4b65 6570 oted... Keep\n-0002a660: 2069 6e20 6d69 6e64 2074 6861 7420 7061 in mind that pa\n-0002a670: 7468 7320 7468 6174 2063 6f6d 6520 6c61 ths that come la\n-0002a680: 7465 7220 7769 6c6c 2074 616b 6520 7072 ter will take pr\n-0002a690: 6563 6564 656e 6365 2e20 2053 6f0a 2020 ecedence. So. \n-0002a6a0: 2020 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6578 616d 706c in the exampl\n-0002a6b0: 6520 6162 6f76 652c 2074 6865 2067 656e e above, the gen\n-0002a6c0: 6572 6174 6564 2070 6174 6820 e280 982f erated path .../\n-0002a6d0: 696e 6974 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 206f 7665 init... will ove\n-0002a6e0: 7277 7269 7465 2061 6e79 0a20 2020 2020 rwrite any. \n-0002a6f0: e280 982f 696e 6974 e280 9920 696e 20e2 .../init... in .\n-0002a700: 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 696e 6974 7264 2e67 ../boot/initrd.g\n-0002a710: 7ae2 8099 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6361 6e20 z.... This can \n-0002a720: 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 7768 656e 2063 be useful when c\n-0002a730: 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 650a 2020 2020 hanging the. \n-0002a740: 206d 6169 6e20 696e 6974 7264 2069 7320 main initrd is \n-0002a750: 756e 6465 7369 7261 626c 6520 6f72 2064 undesirable or d\n-0002a760: 6966 6669 6375 6c74 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ifficult.....Fil\n-0002a770: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-0002a780: 6f64 653a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 362c 2020 ode: initrd16, \n-0002a790: 4e65 7874 3a20 6c69 6e75 782c 2020 5072 Next: linux, Pr\n-0002a7a0: 6576 3a20 696e 6974 7264 2c20 2055 703a ev: initrd, Up:\n-0002a7b0: 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 Loader commands\n-0002a7c0: 0a0a 3137 2e32 2e33 2069 6e69 7472 6431 ..17.2.3 initrd1\n-0002a7d0: 360a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 6.--------------\n-0002a7e0: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n-0002a7f0: 696e 6974 7264 3136 2066 696c 6520 5b66 initrd16 file [f\n-0002a800: 696c 6520 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f ile ...]. Lo\n-0002a810: 6164 2c20 696e 206f 7264 6572 2c20 616c ad, in order, al\n-0002a820: 6c20 696e 6974 7264 7320 666f 7220 6120 l initrds for a \n-0002a830: 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c 2069 6d61 Linux kernel ima\n-0002a840: 6765 2074 6f20 6265 2062 6f6f 7465 640a ge to be booted.\n-0002a850: 2020 2020 2069 6e20 3136 2d62 6974 206d in 16-bit m\n-0002a860: 6f64 652c 2061 6e64 2073 6574 2074 6865 ode, and set the\n-0002a870: 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2070 6172 appropriate par\n-0002a880: 616d 6574 6572 7320 696e 2074 6865 204c ameters in the L\n-0002a890: 696e 7578 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7475 7020 inux. setup \n-0002a8a0: 6172 6561 2069 6e20 6d65 6d6f 7279 2e20 area in memory. \n-0002a8b0: 2054 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6f6e 6c79 2062 This may only b\n-0002a8c0: 6520 7573 6564 2061 6674 6572 2074 6865 e used after the\n-0002a8d0: 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 7831 36e2 8099 0a20 ...linux16.... \n-0002a8e0: 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f command (*no\n-0002a8f0: 7465 206c 696e 7578 3136 3a3a 2920 6861 te linux16::) ha\n-0002a900: 7320 6265 656e 2072 756e 2e20 2053 6565 s been run. See\n-0002a910: 2061 6c73 6f20 2a6e 6f74 6520 474e 552f also *note GNU/\n-0002a920: 4c69 6e75 783a 3a0a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 Linux::. and\n-0002a930: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 696e 6974 7264 e280 the ...initrd..\n-0002a940: 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 . command (*note\n-0002a950: 2069 6e69 7472 643a 3a29 2066 6f72 206d initrd::) for m\n-0002a960: 6f72 6520 6465 7461 696c 7320 6f6e 0a20 ore details on. \n-0002a970: 2020 2020 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732e 0a0a arguments...\n-0002a980: 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e This comman\n-0002a990: 6420 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 d is only availa\n-0002a9a0: 626c 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 2070 6320 706c ble on the pc pl\n-0002a9b0: 6174 666f 726d 2066 6f72 2078 3836 2073 atform for x86 s\n-0002a9c0: 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ystems.....File:\n-0002a9d0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-0002a9e0: 653a 206c 696e 7578 2c20 204e 6578 743a e: linux, Next:\n-0002a9f0: 206c 696e 7578 3136 2c20 2050 7265 763a linux16, Prev:\n-0002aa00: 2069 6e69 7472 6431 362c 2020 5570 3a20 initrd16, Up: \n-0002aa10: 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a Loader commands.\n-0002aa20: 0a31 372e 322e 3420 6c69 6e75 780a 2d2d .17.2.4 linux.--\n-0002aa30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n-0002aa40: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c 696e 7578 2066 Command: linux f\n-0002aa50: 696c 6520 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 ile .... Loa\n-0002aa60: 6420 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c d a Linux kernel\n-0002aa70: 2069 6d61 6765 2066 726f 6d20 4649 4c45 image from FILE\n-0002aa80: 2e20 2054 6865 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 . The rest of t\n-0002aa90: 6865 206c 696e 6520 6973 0a20 2020 2020 he line is. \n-0002aaa0: 7061 7373 6564 2076 6572 6261 7469 6d20 passed verbatim \n-0002aab0: 6173 2074 6865 20e2 809c 6b65 726e 656c as the ...kernel\n-0002aac0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 65e2 809d command-line...\n-0002aad0: 2e20 2041 6e79 2069 6e69 7472 6420 6d75 . Any initrd mu\n-0002aae0: 7374 2062 650a 2020 2020 2072 656c 6f61 st be. reloa\n-0002aaf0: 6465 6420 6166 7465 7220 7573 696e 6720 ded after using \n-0002ab00: 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e this command (*n\n-0002ab10: 6f74 6520 696e 6974 7264 3a3a 292e 0a0a ote initrd::)...\n-0002ab20: 2020 2020 204f 6e20 7838 3620 7379 7374 On x86 syst\n-0002ab30: 656d 732c 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 ems, the kernel \n-0002ab40: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 626f 6f74 6564 2075 will be booted u\n-0002ab50: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2033 322d 6269 7420 sing the 32-bit \n-0002ab60: 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6f74 6f63 boot. protoc\n-0002ab70: 6f6c 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2074 ol. Note that t\n-0002ab80: 6869 7320 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 2074 his means that t\n-0002ab90: 6865 20e2 8098 7667 613d e280 9920 626f he ...vga=... bo\n-0002aba0: 6f74 206f 7074 696f 6e20 7769 6c6c 0a20 ot option will. \n-0002abb0: 2020 2020 6e6f 7420 776f 726b 3b20 6966 not work; if\n-0002abc0: 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 746f 2073 6574 you want to set\n-0002abd0: 2061 2073 7065 6369 616c 2076 6964 656f a special video\n-0002abe0: 206d 6f64 652c 2079 6f75 2077 696c 6c20 mode, you will \n-0002abf0: 6e65 6564 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2075 7365 need to. use\n-0002ac00: 2047 5255 4220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2073 GRUB commands s\n-0002ac10: 7563 6820 6173 20e2 8098 7365 7420 6766 uch as ...set gf\n-0002ac20: 7870 6179 6c6f 6164 3d31 3032 3478 3736 xpayload=1024x76\n-0002ac30: 38e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9873 6574 0a20 8... or ...set. \n-0002ac40: 2020 2020 6766 7870 6179 6c6f 6164 3d6b gfxpayload=k\n-0002ac50: 6565 70e2 8099 2028 746f 206b 6565 7020 eep... (to keep \n-0002ac60: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 206d 6f64 6520 6173 the same mode as\n-0002ac70: 2075 7365 6420 696e 2047 5255 4229 2069 used in GRUB) i\n-0002ac80: 6e73 7465 6164 2e0a 2020 2020 2047 5255 nstead.. GRU\n-0002ac90: 4220 6361 6e20 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 B can automatica\n-0002aca0: 6c6c 7920 6465 7465 6374 2073 6f6d 6520 lly detect some \n-0002acb0: 7573 6573 206f 6620 e280 9876 6761 3de2 uses of ...vga=.\n-0002acc0: 8099 2061 6e64 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 .. and translate\n-0002acd0: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 656d 2074 6f20 6170 . them to ap\n-0002ace0: 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 7365 7474 696e propriate settin\n-0002acf0: 6773 206f 6620 e280 9867 6678 7061 796c gs of ...gfxpayl\n-0002ad00: 6f61 64e2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 oad.... The ...\n-0002ad10: 6c69 6e75 7831 36e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 linux16.... \n-0002ad20: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 206c command (*note l\n-0002ad30: 696e 7578 3136 3a3a 2920 6176 6f69 6473 inux16::) avoids\n-0002ad40: 2074 6869 7320 7265 7374 7269 6374 696f this restrictio\n-0002ad50: 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 n.....File: grub\n-0002ad60: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c69 .info, Node: li\n-0002ad70: 6e75 7831 362c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7865 nux16, Next: xe\n-0002ad80: 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 2c20 2050 n_hypervisor, P\n-0002ad90: 7265 763a 206c 696e 7578 2c20 2055 703a rev: linux, Up:\n-0002ada0: 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 Loader commands\n-0002adb0: 0a0a 3137 2e32 2e35 206c 696e 7578 3136 ..17.2.5 linux16\n-0002adc0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a .--------------.\n-0002add0: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c69 . -- Command: li\n-0002ade0: 6e75 7831 3620 6669 6c65 202e 2e2e 0a20 nux16 file .... \n-0002adf0: 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 204c 696e 7578 Load a Linux\n-0002ae00: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 6520 6672 kernel image fr\n-0002ae10: 6f6d 2046 494c 4520 696e 2031 362d 6269 om FILE in 16-bi\n-0002ae20: 7420 6d6f 6465 2e20 2054 6865 2072 6573 t mode. The res\n-0002ae30: 7420 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6c69 t of. the li\n-0002ae40: 6e65 2069 7320 7061 7373 6564 2076 6572 ne is passed ver\n-0002ae50: 6261 7469 6d20 6173 2074 6865 20e2 809c batim as the ...\n-0002ae60: 6b65 726e 656c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c kernel command-l\n-0002ae70: 696e 65e2 809d 2e20 2041 6e79 0a20 2020 ine.... Any. \n-0002ae80: 2020 696e 6974 7264 206d 7573 7420 6265 initrd must be\n-0002ae90: 2072 656c 6f61 6465 6420 6166 7465 7220 reloaded after \n-0002aea0: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 using this comma\n-0002aeb0: 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2069 nd (*note. i\n-0002aec0: 6e69 7472 6431 363a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 nitrd16::)... \n-0002aed0: 2020 5468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2077 696c The kernel wil\n-0002aee0: 6c20 6265 2062 6f6f 7465 6420 7573 696e l be booted usin\n-0002aef0: 6720 7468 6520 7472 6164 6974 696f 6e61 g the traditiona\n-0002af00: 6c20 3136 2d62 6974 2062 6f6f 740a 2020 l 16-bit boot. \n-0002af10: 2020 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c2e 2020 4173 protocol. As\n-0002af20: 2077 656c 6c20 6173 2062 7970 6173 7369 well as bypassi\n-0002af30: 6e67 2070 726f 626c 656d 7320 7769 7468 ng problems with\n-0002af40: 20e2 8098 7667 613d e280 9920 6465 7363 ...vga=... desc\n-0002af50: 7269 6265 6420 696e 0a20 2020 2020 2a6e ribed in. *n\n-0002af60: 6f74 6520 6c69 6e75 783a 3a2c 2074 6869 ote linux::, thi\n-0002af70: 7320 7065 726d 6974 7320 626f 6f74 696e s permits bootin\n-0002af80: 6720 736f 6d65 206f 7468 6572 2070 726f g some other pro\n-0002af90: 6772 616d 7320 7468 6174 0a20 2020 2020 grams that. \n-0002afa0: 696d 706c 656d 656e 7420 7468 6520 4c69 implement the Li\n-0002afb0: 6e75 7820 626f 6f74 2070 726f 746f 636f nux boot protoco\n-0002afc0: 6c20 666f 7220 7468 6520 7361 6b65 206f l for the sake o\n-0002afd0: 6620 636f 6e76 656e 6965 6e63 652e 0a0a f convenience...\n-0002afe0: 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e This comman\n-0002aff0: 6420 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 d is only availa\n-0002b000: 626c 6520 6f6e 2078 3836 2073 7973 7465 ble on x86 syste\n-0002b010: 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ms.....File: gru\n-0002b020: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2078 b.info, Node: x\n-0002b030: 656e 5f68 7970 6572 7669 736f 722c 2020 en_hypervisor, \n-0002b040: 4e65 7874 3a20 7865 6e5f 6d6f 6475 6c65 Next: xen_module\n-0002b050: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c 696e 7578 3136 , Prev: linux16\n-0002b060: 2c20 2055 703a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f , Up: Loader co\n-0002b070: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e32 2e36 2078 mmands..17.2.6 x\n-0002b080: 656e 5f68 7970 6572 7669 736f 720a 2d2d en_hypervisor.--\n-0002b090: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0002b0a0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-0002b0b0: 3a20 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 : xen_hypervisor\n-0002b0c0: 2066 696c 6520 5b61 7267 756d 656e 7473 file [arguments\n-0002b0d0: 5d20 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 ] .... Load \n-0002b0e0: 6120 5865 6e20 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 a Xen hypervisor\n-0002b0f0: 2062 696e 6172 7920 6672 6f6d 2046 494c binary from FIL\n-0002b100: 452e 2020 5468 6520 7265 7374 206f 6620 E. The rest of \n-0002b110: 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 2069 730a 2020 2020 the line is. \n-0002b120: 2070 6173 7365 6420 7665 7262 6174 696d passed verbatim\n-0002b130: 2061 7320 7468 6520 e280 9c6b 6572 6e65 as the ...kerne\n-0002b140: 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 e280 l command-line..\n-0002b150: 9d2e 2020 416e 7920 6f74 6865 7220 6269 .. Any other bi\n-0002b160: 6e61 7269 6573 0a20 2020 2020 6d75 7374 naries. must\n-0002b170: 2062 6520 7265 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 6674 be reloaded aft\n-0002b180: 6572 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6869 7320 636f er using this co\n-0002b190: 6d6d 616e 642e 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d mmand. This com\n-0002b1a0: 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 mand is only. \n-0002b1b0: 2020 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 2041 available on A\n-0002b1c0: 4172 6368 3634 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a Arch64 systems..\n-0002b1d0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-0002b1e0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2078 656e 5f6d fo, Node: xen_m\n-0002b1f0: 6f64 756c 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7865 odule, Prev: xe\n-0002b200: 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 2c20 2055 n_hypervisor, U\n-0002b210: 703a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e p: Loader comman\n-0002b220: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e32 2e37 2078 656e 5f6d ds..17.2.7 xen_m\n-0002b230: 6f64 756c 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d odule.----------\n-0002b240: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n-0002b250: 6d61 6e64 3a20 7865 6e5f 6d6f 6475 6c65 mand: xen_module\n-0002b260: 205b 2d2d 6e6f 756e 7a69 705d 2066 696c [--nounzip] fil\n-0002b270: 6520 5b61 7267 756d 656e 7473 5d0a 2020 e [arguments]. \n-0002b280: 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6120 6d6f 6475 6c65 Load a module\n-0002b290: 2066 6f72 2078 656e 2068 7970 6572 7669 for xen hypervi\n-0002b2a0: 736f 7220 6174 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7469 sor at the booti\n-0002b2b0: 6e67 2070 726f 6365 7373 206f 6620 7865 ng process of xe\n-0002b2c0: 6e2e 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 7265 7374 n.. The rest\n-0002b2d0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 2069 7320 of the line is \n-0002b2e0: 7061 7373 6564 2076 6572 6261 7469 6d20 passed verbatim \n-0002b2f0: 6173 2074 6865 206d 6f64 756c 6520 636f as the module co\n-0002b300: 6d6d 616e 6420 6c69 6e65 2e0a 2020 2020 mmand line.. \n-0002b310: 204d 6f64 756c 6573 2073 686f 756c 6420 Modules should \n-0002b320: 6265 206c 6f61 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 be loaded in the\n-0002b330: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f 7264 6572 following order\n-0002b340: 3a20 2d20 646f 6d30 206b 6572 6e65 6c0a : - dom0 kernel.\n-0002b350: 2020 2020 2069 6d61 6765 202d 2064 6f6d image - dom\n-0002b360: 3020 7261 6d64 6973 6b20 6966 2070 7265 0 ramdisk if pre\n-0002b370: 7365 6e74 202d 2058 534d 2070 6f6c 6963 sent - XSM polic\n-0002b380: 7920 6966 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2054 6869 y if present Thi\n-0002b390: 730a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 s. command i\n-0002b3a0: 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 s only available\n-0002b3b0: 206f 6e20 4141 7263 6836 3420 7379 7374 on AArch64 syst\n-0002b3c0: 656d 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ems.....File: gr\n-0002b3d0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-0002b3e0: 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 General commands\n-0002b3f0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 , Next: Command\n-0002b400: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 -line commands, \n-0002b410: 2050 7265 763a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f Prev: Loader co\n-0002b420: 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d mmands, Up: Com\n-0002b430: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 3320 4765 6e65 mands..17.3 Gene\n-0002b440: 7261 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a3d 3d3d ral commands.===\n-0002b450: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0002b460: 3d3d 0a0a 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 2075 7361 ==..Commands usa\n-0002b470: 626c 6520 616e 7977 6865 7265 2069 6e20 ble anywhere in \n-0002b480: 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 6e64 2069 6e20 the menu and in \n-0002b490: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 the command-line\n-0002b4a0: 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 7365 ...* Menu:..* se\n-0002b4b0: 7269 616c 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rial:: \n-0002b4c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 Set \n-0002b4d0: 7570 2061 2073 6572 6961 6c20 6465 7669 up a serial devi\n-0002b4e0: 6365 0a2a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e ce.* terminal_in\n-0002b4f0: 7075 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 put:: \n-0002b500: 2020 204d 616e 6167 6520 696e 7075 7420 Manage input \n-0002b510: 7465 726d 696e 616c 730a 2a20 7465 726d terminals.* term\n-0002b520: 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 743a 3a20 2020 inal_output:: \n-0002b530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4d61 6e61 6765 Manage\n-0002b540: 206f 7574 7075 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c output terminal\n-0002b550: 730a 2a20 7465 726d 696e 666f 3a3a 2020 s.* terminfo:: \n-0002b560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002b570: 2020 4465 6669 6e65 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 Define termina\n-0002b580: 6c20 7479 7065 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 l type....File: \n-0002b590: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-0002b5a0: 3a20 7365 7269 616c 2c20 204e 6578 743a : serial, Next:\n-0002b5b0: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 742c terminal_input,\n-0002b5c0: 2020 5570 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 636f Up: General co\n-0002b5d0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e33 2e31 2073 mmands..17.3.1 s\n-0002b5e0: 6572 6961 6c0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d erial.----------\n-0002b5f0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-0002b600: 3a20 7365 7269 616c 205b 2d2d 756e 6974 : serial [--unit\n-0002b610: 3d75 6e69 745d 205b 2d2d 706f 7274 3d70 =unit] [--port=p\n-0002b620: 6f72 745d 205b 2d2d 7370 6565 643d 7370 ort] [--speed=sp\n-0002b630: 6565 645d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b eed]. [\n-0002b640: 2d2d 776f 7264 3d77 6f72 645d 205b 2d2d --word=word] [--\n-0002b650: 7061 7269 7479 3d70 6172 6974 795d 205b parity=parity] [\n-0002b660: 2d2d 7374 6f70 3d73 746f 705d 0a20 2020 --stop=stop]. \n-0002b670: 2020 496e 6974 6961 6c69 7a65 2061 2073 Initialize a s\n-0002b680: 6572 6961 6c20 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2055 erial device. U\n-0002b690: 4e49 5420 6973 2061 206e 756d 6265 7220 NIT is a number \n-0002b6a0: 696e 2074 6865 2072 616e 6765 2030 2d33 in the range 0-3\n-0002b6b0: 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 . specifying\n-0002b6c0: 2077 6869 6368 2073 6572 6961 6c20 706f which serial po\n-0002b6d0: 7274 2074 6f20 7573 653b 2064 6566 6175 rt to use; defau\n-0002b6e0: 6c74 2069 7320 302c 2077 6869 6368 0a20 lt is 0, which. \n-0002b6f0: 2020 2020 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 7320 corresponds \n-0002b700: 746f 2074 6865 2070 6f72 7420 6f66 7465 to the port ofte\n-0002b710: 6e20 6361 6c6c 6564 2043 4f4d 312e 0a0a n called COM1...\n-0002b720: 2020 2020 2050 4f52 5420 6973 2074 6865 PORT is the\n-0002b730: 2049 2f4f 2070 6f72 7420 7768 6572 6520 I/O port where \n-0002b740: 7468 6520 5541 5254 2069 7320 746f 2062 the UART is to b\n-0002b750: 6520 666f 756e 6420 6f72 2c20 6966 2070 e found or, if p\n-0002b760: 7265 6669 7865 640a 2020 2020 2077 6974 refixed. wit\n-0002b770: 6820 e280 986d 6d69 6f2c e280 992c 2074 h ...mmio,..., t\n-0002b780: 6865 204d 4d49 4f20 6164 6472 6573 7320 he MMIO address \n-0002b790: 6f66 2074 6865 2055 4152 542e 2049 6620 of the UART. If \n-0002b7a0: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6974 2074 616b specified it tak\n-0002b7b0: 6573 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6563 6564 656e es. preceden\n-0002b7c0: 6365 206f 7665 7220 554e 4954 2e0a 0a20 ce over UNIT... \n-0002b7d0: 2020 2020 4164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 Additionally\n-0002b7e0: 2c20 616e 204d 4d49 4f20 6164 6472 6573 , an MMIO addres\n-0002b7f0: 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2073 7566 6669 7865 s can be suffixe\n-0002b800: 6420 7769 7468 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 d with:. \n-0002b810: e280 a220 e280 982e 62e2 8099 2066 6f72 ... ....b... for\n-0002b820: 2062 7974 6573 2061 6363 6573 7320 2864 bytes access (d\n-0002b830: 6566 6175 6c74 290a 2020 2020 2020 2020 efault). \n-0002b840: e280 a220 e280 982e 77e2 8099 2066 6f72 ... ....w... for\n-0002b850: 2031 362d 6269 7420 776f 7264 2061 6363 16-bit word acc\n-0002b860: 6573 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 ess. ... \n-0002b870: e280 982e 6ce2 8099 2066 6f72 2033 322d ....l... for 32-\n-0002b880: 6269 7420 6c6f 6e67 2077 6f72 6420 6163 bit long word ac\n-0002b890: 6365 7373 206f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 cess or. \n-0002b8a0: e280 a220 e280 982e 71e2 8099 2066 6f72 ... ....q... for\n-0002b8b0: 2036 342d 6269 7420 6c6f 6e67 206c 6f6e 64-bit long lon\n-0002b8c0: 6720 776f 7264 2061 6363 6573 730a 0a20 g word access.. \n-0002b8d0: 2020 2020 416c 736f 2c20 504f 5254 2063 Also, PORT c\n-0002b8e0: 616e 2062 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2066 6f72 an be of the for\n-0002b8f0: 6d20 e280 9870 6369 2c58 583a 5858 2e58 m ...pci,XX:XX.X\n-0002b900: e280 9920 746f 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6520 ... to indicate \n-0002b910: 6120 7365 7269 616c 0a20 2020 2020 6465 a serial. de\n-0002b920: 7669 6365 2065 7870 6f73 6564 206f 6e20 vice exposed on \n-0002b930: 7468 6520 5043 4920 6275 732e 0a0a 2020 the PCI bus... \n-0002b940: 2020 2053 5045 4544 2069 7320 7468 6520 SPEED is the \n-0002b950: 7472 616e 736d 6973 7369 6f6e 2073 7065 transmission spe\n-0002b960: 6564 3b20 6465 6661 756c 7420 6973 2039 ed; default is 9\n-0002b970: 3630 302e 2020 574f 5244 2061 6e64 2053 600. WORD and S\n-0002b980: 544f 500a 2020 2020 2061 7265 2074 6865 TOP. are the\n-0002b990: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2064 6174 6120 number of data \n-0002b9a0: 6269 7473 2061 6e64 2073 746f 7020 6269 bits and stop bi\n-0002b9b0: 7473 2e20 2044 6174 6120 6269 7473 206d ts. Data bits m\n-0002b9c0: 7573 7420 6265 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 ust be in. t\n-0002b9d0: 6865 2072 616e 6765 2035 2d38 2061 6e64 he range 5-8 and\n-0002b9e0: 2073 746f 7020 6269 7473 206d 7573 7420 stop bits must \n-0002b9f0: 6265 2031 206f 7220 322e 2020 4465 6661 be 1 or 2. Defa\n-0002ba00: 756c 7420 6973 2038 2064 6174 6120 6269 ult is 8 data bi\n-0002ba10: 7473 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 6f6e 6520 ts. and one \n-0002ba20: 7374 6f70 2062 6974 2e20 2050 4152 4954 stop bit. PARIT\n-0002ba30: 5920 6973 206f 6e65 206f 6620 e280 986e Y is one of ...n\n-0002ba40: 6fe2 8099 2c20 e280 986f 6464 e280 992c o..., ...odd...,\n-0002ba50: 20e2 8098 6576 656e e280 9920 616e 640a ...even... and.\n-0002ba60: 2020 2020 2064 6566 6175 6c74 7320 746f defaults to\n-0002ba70: 20e2 8098 6e6f e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2020 ...no...... \n-0002ba80: 2049 6620 7061 7373 6564 206e 6f20 554e If passed no UN\n-0002ba90: 4954 206e 6f72 2050 4f52 542c 206f 7220 IT nor PORT, or \n-0002baa0: 6966 2050 4f52 5420 6973 2073 6574 2074 if PORT is set t\n-0002bab0: 6f20 e280 9861 7574 6fe2 8099 2074 6865 o ...auto... the\n-0002bac0: 6e20 4752 5542 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c n GRUB. will\n-0002bad0: 2061 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 7573 6520 attempt to use \n-0002bae0: 4143 5049 2074 6f20 6175 746f 6d61 7469 ACPI to automati\n-0002baf0: 6361 6c6c 7920 6465 7465 6374 2074 6865 cally detect the\n-0002bb00: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6465 6661 756c 740a system default.\n-0002bb10: 2020 2020 2073 6572 6961 6c20 706f 7274 serial port\n-0002bb20: 2061 6e64 2069 7473 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 and its configu\n-0002bb30: 7261 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6973 ration. If this\n-0002bb40: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 information is \n-0002bb50: 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2061 7661 696c 6162 not. availab\n-0002bb60: 6c65 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6465 6661 le, it will defa\n-0002bb70: 756c 7420 746f 2055 4e49 5420 302e 0a0a ult to UNIT 0...\n-0002bb80: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2073 6572 6961 6c20 The serial \n-0002bb90: 706f 7274 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7573 6564 port is not used\n-0002bba0: 2061 7320 6120 636f 6d6d 756e 6963 6174 as a communicat\n-0002bbb0: 696f 6e20 6368 616e 6e65 6c20 756e 6c65 ion channel unle\n-0002bbc0: 7373 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9874 ss the. ...t\n-0002bbd0: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 74e2 8099 erminal_input...\n-0002bbe0: 206f 7220 e280 9874 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f or ...terminal_\n-0002bbf0: 6f75 7470 7574 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e output... comman\n-0002bc00: 6420 6973 2075 7365 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 d is used (*note\n-0002bc10: 0a20 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 . terminal_i\n-0002bc20: 6e70 7574 3a3a 2c20 2a6e 6f74 6520 7465 nput::, *note te\n-0002bc30: 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 743a 3a29 rminal_output::)\n-0002bc40: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 2c20 7661 ... Note, va\n-0002bc50: 6c69 6420 504f 5254 2076 616c 7565 732c lid PORT values,\n-0002bc60: 2065 7863 6c75 6469 6e67 2049 4f20 706f excluding IO po\n-0002bc70: 7274 2061 6464 7265 7373 6573 2c20 6361 rt addresses, ca\n-0002bc80: 6e20 6265 2066 6f75 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 n be found. \n-0002bc90: 6279 206c 6973 7469 6e67 2074 6572 6d69 by listing termi\n-0002bca0: 6e61 6c73 2077 6974 6820 e280 9874 6572 nals with ...ter\n-0002bcb0: 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 e280 992c minal_output...,\n-0002bcc0: 2073 656c 6563 7469 6e67 2061 6c6c 206e selecting all n\n-0002bcd0: 616d 6573 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6566 6978 ames. prefix\n-0002bce0: 6564 2062 7920 e280 9873 6572 6961 6c5f ed by ...serial_\n-0002bcf0: e280 9920 616e 6420 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 ... and removing\n-0002bd00: 2074 6861 7420 7072 6566 6978 2e0a 0a20 that prefix... \n-0002bd10: 2020 2020 4578 616d 706c 6573 3a0a 2020 Examples:. \n-0002bd20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7269 616c 202d serial -\n-0002bd30: 2d70 6f72 743d 3078 3366 3820 2d2d 7370 -port=0x3f8 --sp\n-0002bd40: 6565 643d 3936 3030 0a20 2020 2020 2020 eed=9600. \n-0002bd50: 2020 2073 6572 6961 6c20 2d2d 706f 7274 serial --port\n-0002bd60: 3d6d 6d69 6f2c 6665 6662 3030 3030 2e6c =mmio,fefb0000.l\n-0002bd70: 202d 2d73 7065 6564 3d31 3135 3230 300a --speed=115200.\n-0002bd80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7269 616c serial\n-0002bd90: 202d 2d70 6f72 743d 7063 692c 3030 3a31 --port=pci,00:1\n-0002bda0: 362e 3320 2d2d 7370 6565 643d 3131 3532 6.3 --speed=1152\n-0002bdb0: 3030 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 6565 2061 6c73 00.. See als\n-0002bdc0: 6f20 2a6e 6f74 6520 5365 7269 616c 2074 o *note Serial t\n-0002bdd0: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c3a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 erminal::.....Fi\n-0002bde0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-0002bdf0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 Node: terminal_i\n-0002be00: 6e70 7574 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2074 6572 nput, Next: ter\n-0002be10: 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 2c20 2050 minal_output, P\n-0002be20: 7265 763a 2073 6572 6961 6c2c 2020 5570 rev: serial, Up\n-0002be30: 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e : General comman\n-0002be40: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e33 2e32 2074 6572 6d69 ds..17.3.2 termi\n-0002be50: 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d nal_input.------\n-0002be60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-0002be70: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7465 . -- Command: te\n-0002be80: 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 205b 2d2d rminal_input [--\n-0002be90: 6170 7065 6e64 7c2d 2d72 656d 6f76 655d append|--remove]\n-0002bea0: 205b 7465 726d 696e 616c 315d 205b 7465 [terminal1] [te\n-0002beb0: 726d 696e 616c 325d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 rminal2]. \n-0002bec0: 2020 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 .... List\n-0002bed0: 206f 7220 7365 6c65 6374 2061 6e20 696e or select an in\n-0002bee0: 7075 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c 2e0a 0a20 put terminal... \n-0002bef0: 2020 2020 5769 7468 206e 6f20 6172 6775 With no argu\n-0002bf00: 6d65 6e74 732c 206c 6973 7420 7468 6520 ments, list the \n-0002bf10: 6163 7469 7665 2061 6e64 2061 7661 696c active and avail\n-0002bf20: 6162 6c65 2069 6e70 7574 2074 6572 6d69 able input termi\n-0002bf30: 6e61 6c73 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 nals... With\n-0002bf40: 20e2 8098 2d2d 6170 7065 6e64 e280 992c ...--append...,\n-0002bf50: 2061 6464 2074 6865 206e 616d 6564 2074 add the named t\n-0002bf60: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 2074 6f20 7468 6520 erminals to the \n-0002bf70: 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6163 7469 7665 0a20 list of active. \n-0002bf80: 2020 2020 696e 7075 7420 7465 726d 696e input termin\n-0002bf90: 616c 733b 2061 6e79 206f 6620 7468 6573 als; any of thes\n-0002bfa0: 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f e may be used to\n-0002bfb0: 2070 726f 7669 6465 2069 6e70 7574 2074 provide input t\n-0002bfc0: 6f20 4752 5542 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 o GRUB... Wi\n-0002bfd0: 7468 20e2 8098 2d2d 7265 6d6f 7665 e280 th ...--remove..\n-0002bfe0: 992c 2072 656d 6f76 6520 7468 6520 6e61 ., remove the na\n-0002bff0: 6d65 6420 7465 726d 696e 616c 7320 6672 med terminals fr\n-0002c000: 6f6d 2074 6865 2061 6374 6976 6520 6c69 om the active li\n-0002c010: 7374 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 206e st... With n\n-0002c020: 6f20 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6275 7420 6120 o options but a \n-0002c030: 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7465 726d 696e 616c list of terminal\n-0002c040: 206e 616d 6573 2c20 6d61 6b65 206f 6e6c names, make onl\n-0002c050: 7920 7468 6520 6c69 7374 6564 0a20 2020 y the listed. \n-0002c060: 2020 7465 726d 696e 616c 206e 616d 6573 terminal names\n-0002c070: 2061 6374 6976 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 active.....File\n-0002c080: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-0002c090: 6465 3a20 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 de: terminal_out\n-0002c0a0: 7075 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7465 726d put, Next: term\n-0002c0b0: 696e 666f 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2074 6572 info, Prev: ter\n-0002c0c0: 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 742c 2020 5570 minal_input, Up\n-0002c0d0: 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e : General comman\n-0002c0e0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e33 2e33 2074 6572 6d69 ds..17.3.3 termi\n-0002c0f0: 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d nal_output.-----\n+00029ab0: 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 204c 696e Load a Lin\n+00029ac0: 7578 2069 6e69 7472 640a 2a20 696e 6974 ux initrd.* init\n+00029ad0: 7264 3136 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rd16:: \n+00029ae0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 Load a\n+00029af0: 204c 696e 7578 2069 6e69 7472 6420 2831 Linux initrd (1\n+00029b00: 362d 6269 7420 6d6f 6465 290a 2a20 6c69 6-bit mode).* li\n+00029b10: 6e75 783a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nux:: \n+00029b20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 Load\n+00029b30: 2061 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c0a a Linux kernel.\n+00029b40: 2a20 6c69 6e75 7831 363a 3a20 2020 2020 * linux16:: \n+00029b50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00029b60: 4c6f 6164 2061 204c 696e 7578 206b 6572 Load a Linux ker\n+00029b70: 6e65 6c20 2831 362d 6269 7420 6d6f 6465 nel (16-bit mode\n+00029b80: 290a 2a20 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 ).* xen_hypervis\n+00029b90: 6f72 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 or:: \n+00029ba0: 2020 4c6f 6164 2078 656e 2068 7970 6572 Load xen hyper\n+00029bb0: 7669 736f 7220 6269 6e61 7279 2028 6f6e visor binary (on\n+00029bc0: 6c79 206f 6e20 4141 7263 6836 3429 0a2a ly on AArch64).*\n+00029bd0: 2078 656e 5f6d 6f64 756c 653a 3a20 2020 xen_module:: \n+00029be0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c L\n+00029bf0: 6f61 6420 7865 6e20 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 oad xen modules \n+00029c00: 666f 7220 7865 6e20 6879 7065 7276 6973 for xen hypervis\n+00029c10: 6f72 2028 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e20 4141 7263 or (only on AArc\n+00029c20: 6836 3429 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 h64)....File: gr\n+00029c30: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00029c40: 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 722c 2020 4e65 chainloader, Ne\n+00029c50: 7874 3a20 696e 6974 7264 2c20 2055 703a xt: initrd, Up:\n+00029c60: 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 Loader commands\n+00029c70: 0a0a 3137 2e32 2e31 2063 6861 696e 6c6f ..17.2.1 chainlo\n+00029c80: 6164 6572 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ader.-----------\n+00029c90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+00029ca0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 mand: chainloade\n+00029cb0: 7220 5b2d 2d66 6f72 6365 5d20 6669 6c65 r [--force] file\n+00029cc0: 205b 6172 6773 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 2020 [args...]. \n+00029cd0: 4c6f 6164 2046 494c 4520 6173 2061 2063 Load FILE as a c\n+00029ce0: 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6465 722e 2020 4c69 hain-loader. Li\n+00029cf0: 6b65 2061 6e79 206f 7468 6572 2066 696c ke any other fil\n+00029d00: 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 7920 7468 650a e loaded by the.\n+00029d10: 2020 2020 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 filesystem \n+00029d20: 636f 6465 2c20 6974 2063 616e 2075 7365 code, it can use\n+00029d30: 2074 6865 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 206e the blocklist n\n+00029d40: 6f74 6174 696f 6e20 282a 6e6f 7465 2042 otation (*note B\n+00029d50: 6c6f 636b 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 7374 2073 lock. list s\n+00029d60: 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2074 6f20 6772 6162 yntax::) to grab\n+00029d70: 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2073 6563 746f the first secto\n+00029d80: 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 r of the current\n+00029d90: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 partition. \n+00029da0: 7769 7468 20e2 8098 2b31 e280 992e 2020 with ...+1.... \n+00029db0: 4f6e 2045 4649 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 On EFI platforms\n+00029dc0: 2c20 616e 7920 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 , any arguments \n+00029dd0: 6166 7465 7220 4649 4c45 2077 696c 6c20 after FILE will \n+00029de0: 6265 2073 656e 740a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 be sent. to \n+00029df0: 7468 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 2069 6d61 6765 the loaded image\n+00029e00: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2073 ... If you s\n+00029e10: 7065 6369 6679 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f pecify the optio\n+00029e20: 6e20 e280 982d 2d66 6f72 6365 e280 992c n ...--force...,\n+00029e30: 2074 6865 6e20 6c6f 6164 2046 494c 4520 then load FILE \n+00029e40: 666f 7263 6962 6c79 2c0a 2020 2020 2077 forcibly,. w\n+00029e50: 6865 7468 6572 2069 7420 6861 7320 6120 hether it has a \n+00029e60: 636f 7272 6563 7420 7369 676e 6174 7572 correct signatur\n+00029e70: 6520 6f72 206e 6f74 2e20 2054 6869 7320 e or not. This \n+00029e80: 6973 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 7768 656e is required when\n+00029e90: 0a20 2020 2020 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 . you want t\n+00029ea0: 6f20 6c6f 6164 2061 2064 6566 6563 7469 o load a defecti\n+00029eb0: 7665 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 ve boot loader, \n+00029ec0: 7375 6368 2061 7320 5343 4f20 556e 6978 such as SCO Unix\n+00029ed0: 5761 7265 2037 2e31 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c Ware 7.1.....Fil\n+00029ee0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00029ef0: 6f64 653a 2069 6e69 7472 642c 2020 4e65 ode: initrd, Ne\n+00029f00: 7874 3a20 696e 6974 7264 3136 2c20 2050 xt: initrd16, P\n+00029f10: 7265 763a 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 rev: chainloader\n+00029f20: 2c20 2055 703a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f , Up: Loader co\n+00029f30: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e32 2e32 2069 mmands..17.2.2 i\n+00029f40: 6e69 7472 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d nitrd.----------\n+00029f50: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+00029f60: 3a20 696e 6974 7264 2066 696c 6520 5b66 : initrd file [f\n+00029f70: 696c 6520 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f ile ...]. Lo\n+00029f80: 6164 2c20 696e 206f 7264 6572 2c20 616c ad, in order, al\n+00029f90: 6c20 696e 6974 7264 7320 666f 7220 6120 l initrds for a \n+00029fa0: 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c 2069 6d61 Linux kernel ima\n+00029fb0: 6765 2c20 616e 6420 7365 7420 7468 650a ge, and set the.\n+00029fc0: 2020 2020 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 appropriate\n+00029fd0: 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 696e 2074 parameters in t\n+00029fe0: 6865 204c 696e 7578 2073 6574 7570 2061 he Linux setup a\n+00029ff0: 7265 6120 696e 206d 656d 6f72 792e 2020 rea in memory. \n+0002a000: 5468 6973 206d 6179 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e This may. on\n+0002a010: 6c79 2062 6520 7573 6564 2061 6674 6572 ly be used after\n+0002a020: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 78e2 8099 the ...linux...\n+0002a030: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 command (*note \n+0002a040: 6c69 6e75 783a 3a29 2068 6173 2062 6565 linux::) has bee\n+0002a050: 6e0a 2020 2020 2072 756e 2e20 2053 6565 n. run. See\n+0002a060: 202a 6e6f 7465 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 *note GNU/Linux\n+0002a070: 3a3a 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f :: for more info\n+0002a080: 206f 6e20 626f 6f74 696e 6720 474e 552f on booting GNU/\n+0002a090: 4c69 6e75 782e 0a20 2020 2020 466f 7220 Linux.. For \n+0002a0a0: 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e more information\n+0002a0b0: 206f 6e20 696e 6974 7264 7320 7365 6520 on initrds see \n+0002a0c0: 7468 6520 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 the GNU/Linux ke\n+0002a0d0: 726e 656c 0a20 2020 2020 646f 6375 6d65 rnel. docume\n+0002a0e0: 6e74 6174 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2028 6874 ntation. (ht\n+0002a0f0: 7470 733a 2f2f 646f 6373 2e6b 6572 6e65 tps://docs.kerne\n+0002a100: 6c2e 6f72 672f 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d l.org/filesystem\n+0002a110: 732f 7261 6d66 732d 726f 6f74 6673 2d69 s/ramfs-rootfs-i\n+0002a120: 6e69 7472 616d 6673 2e68 746d 6c29 2e0a nitramfs.html)..\n+0002a130: 0a20 2020 2020 4120 6e65 772d 7374 796c . A new-styl\n+0002a140: 6520 696e 6974 7264 2028 666f 7220 6b65 e initrd (for ke\n+0002a150: 726e 656c 7320 6e65 7765 7220 7468 616e rnels newer than\n+0002a160: 2032 2e36 2920 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 2.6) containing\n+0002a170: 206f 6e65 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 2077 one file. w\n+0002a180: 6974 6820 6c65 6164 696e 6720 7061 7468 ith leading path\n+0002a190: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 6361 6e20 components can \n+0002a1a0: 616c 736f 2062 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 also be generate\n+0002a1b0: 6420 6174 2072 756e 2074 696d 652e 0a20 d at run time.. \n+0002a1c0: 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 616e 2062 6520 This can be \n+0002a1d0: 646f 6e65 2062 7920 7072 6566 6978 696e done by prefixin\n+0002a1e0: 6720 616e 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 7769 g an argument wi\n+0002a1f0: 7468 20e2 8098 6e65 7763 3ae2 8099 2066 th ...newc:... f\n+0002a200: 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 0a20 2020 2020 ollowed by. \n+0002a210: 7468 6520 7061 7468 206f 6620 7468 6520 the path of the \n+0002a220: 6669 6c65 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6e65 7720 file in the new \n+0002a230: 696e 6974 7264 2c20 6120 e280 983a e280 initrd, a ...:..\n+0002a240: 992c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 ., and then the \n+0002a250: 4752 5542 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 2070 GRUB. file p\n+0002a260: 6174 6820 746f 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 ath to the file \n+0002a270: 6461 7461 2074 6f20 6265 2062 6520 696e data to be be in\n+0002a280: 636c 7564 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 466f cluded... Fo\n+0002a290: 7220 6578 616d 706c 653a 0a20 2020 2020 r example:. \n+0002a2a0: 2020 2020 2069 6e69 7472 6420 6e65 7763 initrd newc\n+0002a2b0: 3a2f 6574 632f 7373 682f 636f 6e66 6967 :/etc/ssh/config\n+0002a2c0: 3a28 6864 302c 3229 2f68 6f6d 652f 7573 :(hd0,2)/home/us\n+0002a2d0: 6572 2f2e 7373 682f 636f 6e66 6967 205c er/.ssh/config \\\n+0002a2e0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0002a2f0: 2020 6e65 7763 3a2f 6574 632f 7373 682f newc:/etc/ssh/\n+0002a300: 7373 685f 686f 7374 5f72 7361 5f6b 6579 ssh_host_rsa_key\n+0002a310: 3a2f 6574 632f 7373 682f 7373 685f 686f :/etc/ssh/ssh_ho\n+0002a320: 7374 5f72 7361 5f6b 6579 205c 0a20 2020 st_rsa_key \\. \n+0002a330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2f62 /b\n+0002a340: 6f6f 742f 696e 6974 7264 2e67 7a20 5c0a oot/initrd.gz \\.\n+0002a350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002a360: 206e 6577 633a 2f69 6e69 743a 2f68 6f6d newc:/init:/hom\n+0002a370: 652f 7573 6572 2f69 6e69 742e 6669 7865 e/user/init.fixe\n+0002a380: 640a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d d.. This com\n+0002a390: 6d61 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 6765 6e65 7261 mand will genera\n+0002a3a0: 7465 2074 776f 206e 6577 2d73 7479 6c65 te two new-style\n+0002a3b0: 2069 6e69 7472 6473 206f 6e20 7468 6520 initrds on the \n+0002a3c0: 666c 792e 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 2066 fly. The. f\n+0002a3d0: 6972 7374 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7468 irst contains th\n+0002a3e0: 6520 7061 7468 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f73 e path .../etc/s\n+0002a3f0: 7368 2f63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2077 6974 sh/config... wit\n+0002a400: 6820 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f h the contents o\n+0002a410: 660a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2868 6430 2c32 f. ...(hd0,2\n+0002a420: 292f 686f 6d65 2f75 7365 722f 2e73 7368 )/home/user/.ssh\n+0002a430: 2f63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2061 6e64 2074 /config... and t\n+0002a440: 6865 2070 6174 680a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 he path. ...\n+0002a450: 2f65 7463 2f73 7368 2f73 7368 5f68 6f73 /etc/ssh/ssh_hos\n+0002a460: 745f 7273 615f 6b65 79e2 8099 2077 6974 t_rsa_key... wit\n+0002a470: 6820 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f h the contents o\n+0002a480: 660a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f73 f. .../etc/s\n+0002a490: 7368 2f73 7368 5f68 6f73 745f 7273 615f sh/ssh_host_rsa_\n+0002a4a0: 6b65 79e2 8099 206f 6e20 7468 6520 524f key... on the RO\n+0002a4b0: 4f54 2064 6576 6963 652e 2020 5061 7265 OT device. Pare\n+0002a4c0: 6e74 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 0a20 2020 nt directory. \n+0002a4d0: 2020 7061 7468 7320 7769 6c6c 2061 7574 paths will aut\n+0002a4e0: 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2062 6520 6765 omatically be ge\n+0002a4f0: 6e65 7261 7465 6420 6173 206e 6565 6465 nerated as neede\n+0002a500: 642e 2020 5468 6973 2066 6972 7374 0a20 d. This first. \n+0002a510: 2020 2020 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 696e generated in\n+0002a520: 6974 7264 2077 696c 6c20 7468 656e 2068 itrd will then h\n+0002a530: 6176 6520 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f69 6e69 ave .../boot/ini\n+0002a540: 7472 642e 677a e280 9920 636f 6e63 6174 trd.gz... concat\n+0002a550: 656e 6174 6564 0a20 2020 2020 6166 7465 enated. afte\n+0002a560: 7220 6974 2e20 204e 6578 742c 2061 6e6f r it. Next, ano\n+0002a570: 7468 6572 206e 6577 2d73 7479 6c65 2061 ther new-style a\n+0002a580: 7263 6869 7665 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2067 rchive will be g\n+0002a590: 656e 6572 6174 6564 2077 6974 680a 2020 enerated with. \n+0002a5a0: 2020 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 the contents \n+0002a5b0: 6f66 20e2 8098 2f68 6f6d 652f 7573 6572 of .../home/user\n+0002a5c0: 2f69 6e69 742e 6669 7865 64e2 8099 2069 /init.fixed... i\n+0002a5d0: 6e20 7468 6520 7061 7468 20e2 8098 2f69 n the path .../i\n+0002a5e0: 6e69 74e2 8099 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 nit... and. \n+0002a5f0: 6170 7065 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 appended to the \n+0002a600: 7072 6576 696f 7573 2063 6f6e 6361 7465 previous concate\n+0002a610: 6e61 7469 6f6e 2e20 2046 696e 616c 6c79 nation. Finally\n+0002a620: 2c20 7468 6520 7265 7375 6c74 2077 696c , the result wil\n+0002a630: 6c0a 2020 2020 2062 6520 7365 6e74 2074 l. be sent t\n+0002a640: 6f20 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2077 6865 o the kernel whe\n+0002a650: 6e20 626f 6f74 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 n booted... \n+0002a660: 4b65 6570 2069 6e20 6d69 6e64 2074 6861 Keep in mind tha\n+0002a670: 7420 7061 7468 7320 7468 6174 2063 6f6d t paths that com\n+0002a680: 6520 6c61 7465 7220 7769 6c6c 2074 616b e later will tak\n+0002a690: 6520 7072 6563 6564 656e 6365 2e20 2053 e precedence. S\n+0002a6a0: 6f0a 2020 2020 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6578 o. in the ex\n+0002a6b0: 616d 706c 6520 6162 6f76 652c 2074 6865 ample above, the\n+0002a6c0: 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 2070 6174 6820 generated path \n+0002a6d0: e280 982f 696e 6974 e280 9920 7769 6c6c .../init... will\n+0002a6e0: 206f 7665 7277 7269 7465 2061 6e79 0a20 overwrite any. \n+0002a6f0: 2020 2020 e280 982f 696e 6974 e280 9920 .../init... \n+0002a700: 696e 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 696e 6974 in .../boot/init\n+0002a710: 7264 2e67 7ae2 8099 2e20 2054 6869 7320 rd.gz.... This \n+0002a720: 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 7768 can be useful wh\n+0002a730: 656e 2063 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 650a en changing the.\n+0002a740: 2020 2020 206d 6169 6e20 696e 6974 7264 main initrd\n+0002a750: 2069 7320 756e 6465 7369 7261 626c 6520 is undesirable \n+0002a760: 6f72 2064 6966 6669 6375 6c74 2e0a 0a1f or difficult....\n+0002a770: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+0002a780: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 , Node: initrd1\n+0002a790: 362c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c69 6e75 782c 6, Next: linux,\n+0002a7a0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 696e 6974 7264 2c20 Prev: initrd, \n+0002a7b0: 2055 703a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d Up: Loader comm\n+0002a7c0: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e32 2e33 2069 6e69 ands..17.2.3 ini\n+0002a7d0: 7472 6431 360a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d trd16.----------\n+0002a7e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n+0002a7f0: 6e64 3a20 696e 6974 7264 3136 2066 696c nd: initrd16 fil\n+0002a800: 6520 5b66 696c 6520 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 e [file ...]. \n+0002a810: 2020 4c6f 6164 2c20 696e 206f 7264 6572 Load, in order\n+0002a820: 2c20 616c 6c20 696e 6974 7264 7320 666f , all initrds fo\n+0002a830: 7220 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e 656c r a Linux kernel\n+0002a840: 2069 6d61 6765 2074 6f20 6265 2062 6f6f image to be boo\n+0002a850: 7465 640a 2020 2020 2069 6e20 3136 2d62 ted. in 16-b\n+0002a860: 6974 206d 6f64 652c 2061 6e64 2073 6574 it mode, and set\n+0002a870: 2074 6865 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 the appropriate\n+0002a880: 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 696e 2074 parameters in t\n+0002a890: 6865 204c 696e 7578 0a20 2020 2020 7365 he Linux. se\n+0002a8a0: 7475 7020 6172 6561 2069 6e20 6d65 6d6f tup area in memo\n+0002a8b0: 7279 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6f6e ry. This may on\n+0002a8c0: 6c79 2062 6520 7573 6564 2061 6674 6572 ly be used after\n+0002a8d0: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 7831 36e2 the ...linux16.\n+0002a8e0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 ... command \n+0002a8f0: 282a 6e6f 7465 206c 696e 7578 3136 3a3a (*note linux16::\n+0002a900: 2920 6861 7320 6265 656e 2072 756e 2e20 ) has been run. \n+0002a910: 2053 6565 2061 6c73 6f20 2a6e 6f74 6520 See also *note \n+0002a920: 474e 552f 4c69 6e75 783a 3a0a 2020 2020 GNU/Linux::. \n+0002a930: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 20e2 8098 696e 6974 and the ...init\n+0002a940: 7264 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a rd... command (*\n+0002a950: 6e6f 7465 2069 6e69 7472 643a 3a29 2066 note initrd::) f\n+0002a960: 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 6465 7461 696c 7320 or more details \n+0002a970: 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 on. argument\n+0002a980: 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 636f s... This co\n+0002a990: 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 mmand is only av\n+0002a9a0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 2070 ailable on the p\n+0002a9b0: 6320 706c 6174 666f 726d 2066 6f72 2078 c platform for x\n+0002a9c0: 3836 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 86 systems.....F\n+0002a9d0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0002a9e0: 204e 6f64 653a 206c 696e 7578 2c20 204e Node: linux, N\n+0002a9f0: 6578 743a 206c 696e 7578 3136 2c20 2050 ext: linux16, P\n+0002aa00: 7265 763a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 362c 2020 rev: initrd16, \n+0002aa10: 5570 3a20 4c6f 6164 6572 2063 6f6d 6d61 Up: Loader comma\n+0002aa20: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 322e 3420 6c69 6e75 nds..17.2.4 linu\n+0002aa30: 780a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a x.------------..\n+0002aa40: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c 696e -- Command: lin\n+0002aa50: 7578 2066 696c 6520 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 ux file .... \n+0002aa60: 204c 6f61 6420 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 Load a Linux ke\n+0002aa70: 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 2066 726f 6d20 rnel image from \n+0002aa80: 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 6865 2072 6573 7420 FILE. The rest \n+0002aa90: 6f66 2074 6865 206c 696e 6520 6973 0a20 of the line is. \n+0002aaa0: 2020 2020 7061 7373 6564 2076 6572 6261 passed verba\n+0002aab0: 7469 6d20 6173 2074 6865 20e2 809c 6b65 tim as the ...ke\n+0002aac0: 726e 656c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e rnel command-lin\n+0002aad0: 65e2 809d 2e20 2041 6e79 2069 6e69 7472 e.... Any initr\n+0002aae0: 6420 6d75 7374 2062 650a 2020 2020 2072 d must be. r\n+0002aaf0: 656c 6f61 6465 6420 6166 7465 7220 7573 eloaded after us\n+0002ab00: 696e 6720 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ing this command\n+0002ab10: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 696e 6974 7264 3a3a (*note initrd::\n+0002ab20: 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 204f 6e20 7838 3620 )... On x86 \n+0002ab30: 7379 7374 656d 732c 2074 6865 206b 6572 systems, the ker\n+0002ab40: 6e65 6c20 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 626f 6f74 nel will be boot\n+0002ab50: 6564 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2033 322d ed using the 32-\n+0002ab60: 6269 7420 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 7072 bit boot. pr\n+0002ab70: 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 otocol. Note th\n+0002ab80: 6174 2074 6869 7320 6d65 616e 7320 7468 at this means th\n+0002ab90: 6174 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7667 613d e280 at the ...vga=..\n+0002aba0: 9920 626f 6f74 206f 7074 696f 6e20 7769 . boot option wi\n+0002abb0: 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 7420 776f 726b ll. not work\n+0002abc0: 3b20 6966 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 746f ; if you want to\n+0002abd0: 2073 6574 2061 2073 7065 6369 616c 2076 set a special v\n+0002abe0: 6964 656f 206d 6f64 652c 2079 6f75 2077 ideo mode, you w\n+0002abf0: 696c 6c20 6e65 6564 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 ill need to. \n+0002ac00: 2075 7365 2047 5255 4220 636f 6d6d 616e use GRUB comman\n+0002ac10: 6473 2073 7563 6820 6173 20e2 8098 7365 ds such as ...se\n+0002ac20: 7420 6766 7870 6179 6c6f 6164 3d31 3032 t gfxpayload=102\n+0002ac30: 3478 3736 38e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9873 4x768... or ...s\n+0002ac40: 6574 0a20 2020 2020 6766 7870 6179 6c6f et. gfxpaylo\n+0002ac50: 6164 3d6b 6565 70e2 8099 2028 746f 206b ad=keep... (to k\n+0002ac60: 6565 7020 7468 6520 7361 6d65 206d 6f64 eep the same mod\n+0002ac70: 6520 6173 2075 7365 6420 696e 2047 5255 e as used in GRU\n+0002ac80: 4229 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2e0a 2020 2020 B) instead.. \n+0002ac90: 2047 5255 4220 6361 6e20 6175 746f 6d61 GRUB can automa\n+0002aca0: 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 6465 7465 6374 2073 tically detect s\n+0002acb0: 6f6d 6520 7573 6573 206f 6620 e280 9876 ome uses of ...v\n+0002acc0: 6761 3de2 8099 2061 6e64 2074 7261 6e73 ga=... and trans\n+0002acd0: 6c61 7465 0a20 2020 2020 7468 656d 2074 late. them t\n+0002ace0: 6f20 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 7365 o appropriate se\n+0002acf0: 7474 696e 6773 206f 6620 e280 9867 6678 ttings of ...gfx\n+0002ad00: 7061 796c 6f61 64e2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 payload.... The\n+0002ad10: 20e2 8098 6c69 6e75 7831 36e2 8099 0a20 ...linux16.... \n+0002ad20: 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f command (*no\n+0002ad30: 7465 206c 696e 7578 3136 3a3a 2920 6176 te linux16::) av\n+0002ad40: 6f69 6473 2074 6869 7320 7265 7374 7269 oids this restri\n+0002ad50: 6374 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ction.....File: \n+0002ad60: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+0002ad70: 3a20 6c69 6e75 7831 362c 2020 4e65 7874 : linux16, Next\n+0002ad80: 3a20 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 : xen_hypervisor\n+0002ad90: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c 696e 7578 2c20 , Prev: linux, \n+0002ada0: 2055 703a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d Up: Loader comm\n+0002adb0: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e32 2e35 206c 696e ands..17.2.5 lin\n+0002adc0: 7578 3136 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ux16.-----------\n+0002add0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+0002ade0: 3a20 6c69 6e75 7831 3620 6669 6c65 202e : linux16 file .\n+0002adf0: 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 204c ... Load a L\n+0002ae00: 696e 7578 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 inux kernel imag\n+0002ae10: 6520 6672 6f6d 2046 494c 4520 696e 2031 e from FILE in 1\n+0002ae20: 362d 6269 7420 6d6f 6465 2e20 2054 6865 6-bit mode. The\n+0002ae30: 2072 6573 7420 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 7468 rest of. th\n+0002ae40: 6520 6c69 6e65 2069 7320 7061 7373 6564 e line is passed\n+0002ae50: 2076 6572 6261 7469 6d20 6173 2074 6865 verbatim as the\n+0002ae60: 20e2 809c 6b65 726e 656c 2063 6f6d 6d61 ...kernel comma\n+0002ae70: 6e64 2d6c 696e 65e2 809d 2e20 2041 6e79 nd-line.... Any\n+0002ae80: 0a20 2020 2020 696e 6974 7264 206d 7573 . initrd mus\n+0002ae90: 7420 6265 2072 656c 6f61 6465 6420 6166 t be reloaded af\n+0002aea0: 7465 7220 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 2063 ter using this c\n+0002aeb0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 ommand (*note. \n+0002aec0: 2020 2069 6e69 7472 6431 363a 3a29 2e0a initrd16::)..\n+0002aed0: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 6b65 726e 656c . The kernel\n+0002aee0: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2062 6f6f 7465 6420 will be booted \n+0002aef0: 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 7472 6164 6974 using the tradit\n+0002af00: 696f 6e61 6c20 3136 2d62 6974 2062 6f6f ional 16-bit boo\n+0002af10: 740a 2020 2020 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c2e t. protocol.\n+0002af20: 2020 4173 2077 656c 6c20 6173 2062 7970 As well as byp\n+0002af30: 6173 7369 6e67 2070 726f 626c 656d 7320 assing problems \n+0002af40: 7769 7468 20e2 8098 7667 613d e280 9920 with ...vga=... \n+0002af50: 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 696e 0a20 2020 described in. \n+0002af60: 2020 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c69 6e75 783a 3a2c *note linux::,\n+0002af70: 2074 6869 7320 7065 726d 6974 7320 626f this permits bo\n+0002af80: 6f74 696e 6720 736f 6d65 206f 7468 6572 oting some other\n+0002af90: 2070 726f 6772 616d 7320 7468 6174 0a20 programs that. \n+0002afa0: 2020 2020 696d 706c 656d 656e 7420 7468 implement th\n+0002afb0: 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 626f 6f74 2070 726f e Linux boot pro\n+0002afc0: 746f 636f 6c20 666f 7220 7468 6520 7361 tocol for the sa\n+0002afd0: 6b65 206f 6620 636f 6e76 656e 6965 6e63 ke of convenienc\n+0002afe0: 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 636f e... This co\n+0002aff0: 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 mmand is only av\n+0002b000: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 2078 3836 2073 ailable on x86 s\n+0002b010: 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ystems.....File:\n+0002b020: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0002b030: 653a 2078 656e 5f68 7970 6572 7669 736f e: xen_hyperviso\n+0002b040: 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7865 6e5f 6d6f r, Next: xen_mo\n+0002b050: 6475 6c65 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c 696e dule, Prev: lin\n+0002b060: 7578 3136 2c20 2055 703a 204c 6f61 6465 ux16, Up: Loade\n+0002b070: 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e32 r commands..17.2\n+0002b080: 2e36 2078 656e 5f68 7970 6572 7669 736f .6 xen_hyperviso\n+0002b090: 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d r.--------------\n+0002b0a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+0002b0b0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 mand: xen_hyperv\n+0002b0c0: 6973 6f72 2066 696c 6520 5b61 7267 756d isor file [argum\n+0002b0d0: 656e 7473 5d20 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 204c ents] .... L\n+0002b0e0: 6f61 6420 6120 5865 6e20 6879 7065 7276 oad a Xen hyperv\n+0002b0f0: 6973 6f72 2062 696e 6172 7920 6672 6f6d isor binary from\n+0002b100: 2046 494c 452e 2020 5468 6520 7265 7374 FILE. The rest\n+0002b110: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 2069 730a of the line is.\n+0002b120: 2020 2020 2070 6173 7365 6420 7665 7262 passed verb\n+0002b130: 6174 696d 2061 7320 7468 6520 e280 9c6b atim as the ...k\n+0002b140: 6572 6e65 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 ernel command-li\n+0002b150: 6e65 e280 9d2e 2020 416e 7920 6f74 6865 ne.... Any othe\n+0002b160: 7220 6269 6e61 7269 6573 0a20 2020 2020 r binaries. \n+0002b170: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7265 6c6f 6164 6564 must be reloaded\n+0002b180: 2061 6674 6572 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6869 after using thi\n+0002b190: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 2020 5468 6973 s command. This\n+0002b1a0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 command is only\n+0002b1b0: 0a20 2020 2020 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 . available \n+0002b1c0: 6f6e 2041 4172 6368 3634 2073 7973 7465 on AArch64 syste\n+0002b1d0: 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ms.....File: gru\n+0002b1e0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2078 b.info, Node: x\n+0002b1f0: 656e 5f6d 6f64 756c 652c 2020 5072 6576 en_module, Prev\n+0002b200: 3a20 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 : xen_hypervisor\n+0002b210: 2c20 2055 703a 204c 6f61 6465 7220 636f , Up: Loader co\n+0002b220: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e32 2e37 2078 mmands..17.2.7 x\n+0002b230: 656e 5f6d 6f64 756c 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d en_module.------\n+0002b240: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n+0002b250: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7865 6e5f 6d6f Command: xen_mo\n+0002b260: 6475 6c65 205b 2d2d 6e6f 756e 7a69 705d dule [--nounzip]\n+0002b270: 2066 696c 6520 5b61 7267 756d 656e 7473 file [arguments\n+0002b280: 5d0a 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6120 6d6f ]. Load a mo\n+0002b290: 6475 6c65 2066 6f72 2078 656e 2068 7970 dule for xen hyp\n+0002b2a0: 6572 7669 736f 7220 6174 2074 6865 2062 ervisor at the b\n+0002b2b0: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2070 726f 6365 7373 206f ooting process o\n+0002b2c0: 6620 7865 6e2e 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 f xen.. The \n+0002b2d0: 7265 7374 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 rest of the line\n+0002b2e0: 2069 7320 7061 7373 6564 2076 6572 6261 is passed verba\n+0002b2f0: 7469 6d20 6173 2074 6865 206d 6f64 756c tim as the modul\n+0002b300: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6c69 6e65 2e0a e command line..\n+0002b310: 2020 2020 204d 6f64 756c 6573 2073 686f Modules sho\n+0002b320: 756c 6420 6265 206c 6f61 6465 6420 696e uld be loaded in\n+0002b330: 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f the following o\n+0002b340: 7264 6572 3a20 2d20 646f 6d30 206b 6572 rder: - dom0 ker\n+0002b350: 6e65 6c0a 2020 2020 2069 6d61 6765 202d nel. image -\n+0002b360: 2064 6f6d 3020 7261 6d64 6973 6b20 6966 dom0 ramdisk if\n+0002b370: 2070 7265 7365 6e74 202d 2058 534d 2070 present - XSM p\n+0002b380: 6f6c 6963 7920 6966 2070 7265 7365 6e74 olicy if present\n+0002b390: 2054 6869 730a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 This. comma\n+0002b3a0: 6e64 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c nd is only avail\n+0002b3b0: 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 4141 7263 6836 3420 able on AArch64 \n+0002b3c0: 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 systems.....File\n+0002b3d0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+0002b3e0: 6465 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 636f 6d6d de: General comm\n+0002b3f0: 616e 6473 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2043 6f6d ands, Next: Com\n+0002b400: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+0002b410: 6473 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204c 6f61 6465 ds, Prev: Loade\n+0002b420: 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2055 703a r commands, Up:\n+0002b430: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 3320 Commands..17.3 \n+0002b440: 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 General commands\n+0002b450: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+0002b460: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 ======..Commands\n+0002b470: 2075 7361 626c 6520 616e 7977 6865 7265 usable anywhere\n+0002b480: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2061 6e64 in the menu and\n+0002b490: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d in the command-\n+0002b4a0: 6c69 6e65 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a line...* Menu:..\n+0002b4b0: 2a20 7365 7269 616c 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 * serial:: \n+0002b4c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002b4d0: 5365 7420 7570 2061 2073 6572 6961 6c20 Set up a serial \n+0002b4e0: 6465 7669 6365 0a2a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 device.* termina\n+0002b4f0: 6c5f 696e 7075 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 l_input:: \n+0002b500: 2020 2020 2020 204d 616e 6167 6520 696e Manage in\n+0002b510: 7075 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c 730a 2a20 put terminals.* \n+0002b520: 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 743a terminal_output:\n+0002b530: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4d61 : Ma\n+0002b540: 6e61 6765 206f 7574 7075 7420 7465 726d nage output term\n+0002b550: 696e 616c 730a 2a20 7465 726d 696e 666f inals.* terminfo\n+0002b560: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+0002b570: 2020 2020 2020 4465 6669 6e65 2074 6572 Define ter\n+0002b580: 6d69 6e61 6c20 7479 7065 0a0a 1f0a 4669 minal type....Fi\n+0002b590: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+0002b5a0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7365 7269 616c 2c20 204e Node: serial, N\n+0002b5b0: 6578 743a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e ext: terminal_in\n+0002b5c0: 7075 742c 2020 5570 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 put, Up: Genera\n+0002b5d0: 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e33 l commands..17.3\n+0002b5e0: 2e31 2073 6572 6961 6c0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .1 serial.------\n+0002b5f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+0002b600: 6d61 6e64 3a20 7365 7269 616c 205b 2d2d mand: serial [--\n+0002b610: 756e 6974 3d75 6e69 745d 205b 2d2d 706f unit=unit] [--po\n+0002b620: 7274 3d70 6f72 745d 205b 2d2d 7370 6565 rt=port] [--spee\n+0002b630: 643d 7370 6565 645d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 d=speed]. \n+0002b640: 2020 205b 2d2d 776f 7264 3d77 6f72 645d [--word=word]\n+0002b650: 205b 2d2d 7061 7269 7479 3d70 6172 6974 [--parity=parit\n+0002b660: 795d 205b 2d2d 7374 6f70 3d73 746f 705d y] [--stop=stop]\n+0002b670: 0a20 2020 2020 496e 6974 6961 6c69 7a65 . Initialize\n+0002b680: 2061 2073 6572 6961 6c20 6465 7669 6365 a serial device\n+0002b690: 2e20 2055 4e49 5420 6973 2061 206e 756d . UNIT is a num\n+0002b6a0: 6265 7220 696e 2074 6865 2072 616e 6765 ber in the range\n+0002b6b0: 2030 2d33 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 0-3. specif\n+0002b6c0: 7969 6e67 2077 6869 6368 2073 6572 6961 ying which seria\n+0002b6d0: 6c20 706f 7274 2074 6f20 7573 653b 2064 l port to use; d\n+0002b6e0: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 302c 2077 6869 efault is 0, whi\n+0002b6f0: 6368 0a20 2020 2020 636f 7272 6573 706f ch. correspo\n+0002b700: 6e64 7320 746f 2074 6865 2070 6f72 7420 nds to the port \n+0002b710: 6f66 7465 6e20 6361 6c6c 6564 2043 4f4d often called COM\n+0002b720: 312e 0a0a 2020 2020 2050 4f52 5420 6973 1... PORT is\n+0002b730: 2074 6865 2049 2f4f 2070 6f72 7420 7768 the I/O port wh\n+0002b740: 6572 6520 7468 6520 5541 5254 2069 7320 ere the UART is \n+0002b750: 746f 2062 6520 666f 756e 6420 6f72 2c20 to be found or, \n+0002b760: 6966 2070 7265 6669 7865 640a 2020 2020 if prefixed. \n+0002b770: 2077 6974 6820 e280 986d 6d69 6f2c e280 with ...mmio,..\n+0002b780: 992c 2074 6865 204d 4d49 4f20 6164 6472 ., the MMIO addr\n+0002b790: 6573 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2055 4152 542e ess of the UART.\n+0002b7a0: 2049 6620 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6974 If specified it\n+0002b7b0: 2074 616b 6573 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6563 takes. prec\n+0002b7c0: 6564 656e 6365 206f 7665 7220 554e 4954 edence over UNIT\n+0002b7d0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4164 6469 7469 6f6e ... Addition\n+0002b7e0: 616c 6c79 2c20 616e 204d 4d49 4f20 6164 ally, an MMIO ad\n+0002b7f0: 6472 6573 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2073 7566 dress can be suf\n+0002b800: 6669 7865 6420 7769 7468 3a0a 2020 2020 fixed with:. \n+0002b810: 2020 2020 e280 a220 e280 982e 62e2 8099 ... ....b...\n+0002b820: 2066 6f72 2062 7974 6573 2061 6363 6573 for bytes acces\n+0002b830: 7320 2864 6566 6175 6c74 290a 2020 2020 s (default). \n+0002b840: 2020 2020 e280 a220 e280 982e 77e2 8099 ... ....w...\n+0002b850: 2066 6f72 2031 362d 6269 7420 776f 7264 for 16-bit word\n+0002b860: 2061 6363 6573 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 access. \n+0002b870: e280 a220 e280 982e 6ce2 8099 2066 6f72 ... ....l... for\n+0002b880: 2033 322d 6269 7420 6c6f 6e67 2077 6f72 32-bit long wor\n+0002b890: 6420 6163 6365 7373 206f 720a 2020 2020 d access or. \n+0002b8a0: 2020 2020 e280 a220 e280 982e 71e2 8099 ... ....q...\n+0002b8b0: 2066 6f72 2036 342d 6269 7420 6c6f 6e67 for 64-bit long\n+0002b8c0: 206c 6f6e 6720 776f 7264 2061 6363 6573 long word acces\n+0002b8d0: 730a 0a20 2020 2020 416c 736f 2c20 504f s.. Also, PO\n+0002b8e0: 5254 2063 616e 2062 6520 6f66 2074 6865 RT can be of the\n+0002b8f0: 2066 6f72 6d20 e280 9870 6369 2c58 583a form ...pci,XX:\n+0002b900: 5858 2e58 e280 9920 746f 2069 6e64 6963 XX.X... to indic\n+0002b910: 6174 6520 6120 7365 7269 616c 0a20 2020 ate a serial. \n+0002b920: 2020 6465 7669 6365 2065 7870 6f73 6564 device exposed\n+0002b930: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 5043 4920 6275 732e on the PCI bus.\n+0002b940: 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 5045 4544 2069 7320 .. SPEED is \n+0002b950: 7468 6520 7472 616e 736d 6973 7369 6f6e the transmission\n+0002b960: 2073 7065 6564 3b20 6465 6661 756c 7420 speed; default \n+0002b970: 6973 2039 3630 302e 2020 574f 5244 2061 is 9600. WORD a\n+0002b980: 6e64 2053 544f 500a 2020 2020 2061 7265 nd STOP. are\n+0002b990: 2074 6865 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2064 the number of d\n+0002b9a0: 6174 6120 6269 7473 2061 6e64 2073 746f ata bits and sto\n+0002b9b0: 7020 6269 7473 2e20 2044 6174 6120 6269 p bits. Data bi\n+0002b9c0: 7473 206d 7573 7420 6265 2069 6e0a 2020 ts must be in. \n+0002b9d0: 2020 2074 6865 2072 616e 6765 2035 2d38 the range 5-8\n+0002b9e0: 2061 6e64 2073 746f 7020 6269 7473 206d and stop bits m\n+0002b9f0: 7573 7420 6265 2031 206f 7220 322e 2020 ust be 1 or 2. \n+0002ba00: 4465 6661 756c 7420 6973 2038 2064 6174 Default is 8 dat\n+0002ba10: 6120 6269 7473 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 a bits. and \n+0002ba20: 6f6e 6520 7374 6f70 2062 6974 2e20 2050 one stop bit. P\n+0002ba30: 4152 4954 5920 6973 206f 6e65 206f 6620 ARITY is one of \n+0002ba40: e280 986e 6fe2 8099 2c20 e280 986f 6464 ...no..., ...odd\n+0002ba50: e280 992c 20e2 8098 6576 656e e280 9920 ..., ...even... \n+0002ba60: 616e 640a 2020 2020 2064 6566 6175 6c74 and. default\n+0002ba70: 7320 746f 20e2 8098 6e6f e280 992e 0a0a s to ...no......\n+0002ba80: 2020 2020 2049 6620 7061 7373 6564 206e If passed n\n+0002ba90: 6f20 554e 4954 206e 6f72 2050 4f52 542c o UNIT nor PORT,\n+0002baa0: 206f 7220 6966 2050 4f52 5420 6973 2073 or if PORT is s\n+0002bab0: 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9861 7574 6fe2 8099 et to ...auto...\n+0002bac0: 2074 6865 6e20 4752 5542 0a20 2020 2020 then GRUB. \n+0002bad0: 7769 6c6c 2061 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 will attempt to \n+0002bae0: 7573 6520 4143 5049 2074 6f20 6175 746f use ACPI to auto\n+0002baf0: 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 6465 7465 6374 matically detect\n+0002bb00: 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6465 6661 the system defa\n+0002bb10: 756c 740a 2020 2020 2073 6572 6961 6c20 ult. serial \n+0002bb20: 706f 7274 2061 6e64 2069 7473 2063 6f6e port and its con\n+0002bb30: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 6620 figuration. If \n+0002bb40: 7468 6973 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e this information\n+0002bb50: 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2061 7661 is not. ava\n+0002bb60: 696c 6162 6c65 2c20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 ilable, it will \n+0002bb70: 6465 6661 756c 7420 746f 2055 4e49 5420 default to UNIT \n+0002bb80: 302e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2073 6572 0... The ser\n+0002bb90: 6961 6c20 706f 7274 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 ial port is not \n+0002bba0: 7573 6564 2061 7320 6120 636f 6d6d 756e used as a commun\n+0002bbb0: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 6368 616e 6e65 6c20 ication channel \n+0002bbc0: 756e 6c65 7373 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 unless the. \n+0002bbd0: e280 9874 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 ...terminal_inpu\n+0002bbe0: 74e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9874 6572 6d69 t... or ...termi\n+0002bbf0: 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 e280 9920 636f nal_output... co\n+0002bc00: 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 2075 7365 6420 282a mmand is used (*\n+0002bc10: 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e note. termin\n+0002bc20: 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 3a3a 2c20 2a6e 6f74 al_input::, *not\n+0002bc30: 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 e terminal_outpu\n+0002bc40: 743a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 t::)... Note\n+0002bc50: 2c20 7661 6c69 6420 504f 5254 2076 616c , valid PORT val\n+0002bc60: 7565 732c 2065 7863 6c75 6469 6e67 2049 ues, excluding I\n+0002bc70: 4f20 706f 7274 2061 6464 7265 7373 6573 O port addresses\n+0002bc80: 2c20 6361 6e20 6265 2066 6f75 6e64 0a20 , can be found. \n+0002bc90: 2020 2020 6279 206c 6973 7469 6e67 2074 by listing t\n+0002bca0: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 2077 6974 6820 e280 erminals with ..\n+0002bcb0: 9874 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 .terminal_output\n+0002bcc0: e280 992c 2073 656c 6563 7469 6e67 2061 ..., selecting a\n+0002bcd0: 6c6c 206e 616d 6573 0a20 2020 2020 7072 ll names. pr\n+0002bce0: 6566 6978 6564 2062 7920 e280 9873 6572 efixed by ...ser\n+0002bcf0: 6961 6c5f e280 9920 616e 6420 7265 6d6f ial_... and remo\n+0002bd00: 7669 6e67 2074 6861 7420 7072 6566 6978 ving that prefix\n+0002bd10: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4578 616d 706c 6573 ... Examples\n+0002bd20: 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7269 :. seri\n+0002bd30: 616c 202d 2d70 6f72 743d 3078 3366 3820 al --port=0x3f8 \n+0002bd40: 2d2d 7370 6565 643d 3936 3030 0a20 2020 --speed=9600. \n+0002bd50: 2020 2020 2020 2073 6572 6961 6c20 2d2d serial --\n+0002bd60: 706f 7274 3d6d 6d69 6f2c 6665 6662 3030 port=mmio,fefb00\n+0002bd70: 3030 2e6c 202d 2d73 7065 6564 3d31 3135 00.l --speed=115\n+0002bd80: 3230 300a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 200. se\n+0002bd90: 7269 616c 202d 2d70 6f72 743d 7063 692c rial --port=pci,\n+0002bda0: 3030 3a31 362e 3320 2d2d 7370 6565 643d 00:16.3 --speed=\n+0002bdb0: 3131 3532 3030 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 6565 115200.. See\n+0002bdc0: 2061 6c73 6f20 2a6e 6f74 6520 5365 7269 also *note Seri\n+0002bdd0: 616c 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c3a 3a2e 0a0a al terminal::...\n+0002bde0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0002bdf0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7465 726d 696e o, Node: termin\n+0002be00: 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 2c20 204e 6578 743a al_input, Next:\n+0002be10: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 terminal_output\n+0002be20: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 6572 6961 6c2c , Prev: serial,\n+0002be30: 2020 5570 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 636f Up: General co\n+0002be40: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e33 2e32 2074 mmands..17.3.2 t\n+0002be50: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 740a 2d2d erminal_input.--\n+0002be60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0002be70: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+0002be80: 3a20 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6e70 7574 : terminal_input\n+0002be90: 205b 2d2d 6170 7065 6e64 7c2d 2d72 656d [--append|--rem\n+0002bea0: 6f76 655d 205b 7465 726d 696e 616c 315d ove] [terminal1]\n+0002beb0: 205b 7465 726d 696e 616c 325d 0a20 2020 [terminal2]. \n+0002bec0: 2020 2020 2020 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 .... \n+0002bed0: 4c69 7374 206f 7220 7365 6c65 6374 2061 List or select a\n+0002bee0: 6e20 696e 7075 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c n input terminal\n+0002bef0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 206e 6f20 ... With no \n+0002bf00: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732c 206c 6973 7420 arguments, list \n+0002bf10: 7468 6520 6163 7469 7665 2061 6e64 2061 the active and a\n+0002bf20: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6e70 7574 2074 vailable input t\n+0002bf30: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 erminals... \n+0002bf40: 5769 7468 20e2 8098 2d2d 6170 7065 6e64 With ...--append\n+0002bf50: e280 992c 2061 6464 2074 6865 206e 616d ..., add the nam\n+0002bf60: 6564 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 2074 6f20 ed terminals to \n+0002bf70: 7468 6520 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6163 7469 the list of acti\n+0002bf80: 7665 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7075 7420 7465 ve. input te\n+0002bf90: 726d 696e 616c 733b 2061 6e79 206f 6620 rminals; any of \n+0002bfa0: 7468 6573 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 these may be use\n+0002bfb0: 6420 746f 2070 726f 7669 6465 2069 6e70 d to provide inp\n+0002bfc0: 7574 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2e0a 0a20 2020 ut to GRUB... \n+0002bfd0: 2020 5769 7468 20e2 8098 2d2d 7265 6d6f With ...--remo\n+0002bfe0: 7665 e280 992c 2072 656d 6f76 6520 7468 ve..., remove th\n+0002bff0: 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 7465 726d 696e 616c e named terminal\n+0002c000: 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2061 6374 6976 s from the activ\n+0002c010: 6520 6c69 7374 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 e list... Wi\n+0002c020: 7468 206e 6f20 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6275 th no options bu\n+0002c030: 7420 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7465 726d t a list of term\n+0002c040: 696e 616c 206e 616d 6573 2c20 6d61 6b65 inal names, make\n+0002c050: 206f 6e6c 7920 7468 6520 6c69 7374 6564 only the listed\n+0002c060: 0a20 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e 616c 206e . terminal n\n+0002c070: 616d 6573 2061 6374 6976 652e 0a0a 1f0a ames active.....\n+0002c080: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+0002c090: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7465 726d 696e 616c Node: terminal\n+0002c0a0: 5f6f 7574 7075 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 _output, Next: \n+0002c0b0: 7465 726d 696e 666f 2c20 2050 7265 763a terminfo, Prev:\n+0002c0c0: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 742c terminal_input,\n+0002c0d0: 2020 5570 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 636f Up: General co\n+0002c0e0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e33 2e33 2074 mmands..17.3.3 t\n+0002c0f0: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 0a2d erminal_output.-\n 0002c100: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0002c110: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n-0002c120: 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 7075 7420 terminal_output \n-0002c130: 5b2d 2d61 7070 656e 647c 2d2d 7265 6d6f [--append|--remo\n-0002c140: 7665 5d20 5b74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c31 5d20 ve] [terminal1] \n-0002c150: 5b74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c32 5d0a 2020 2020 [terminal2]. \n-0002c160: 2020 2020 2020 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 204c .... L\n-0002c170: 6973 7420 6f72 2073 656c 6563 7420 616e ist or select an\n-0002c180: 206f 7574 7075 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c output terminal\n-0002c190: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 206e 6f20 ... With no \n-0002c1a0: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732c 206c 6973 7420 arguments, list \n-0002c1b0: 7468 6520 6163 7469 7665 2061 6e64 2061 the active and a\n-0002c1c0: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 7574 7075 7420 vailable output \n-0002c1d0: 7465 726d 696e 616c 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 terminals... \n-0002c1e0: 2057 6974 6820 e280 982d 2d61 7070 656e With ...--appen\n-0002c1f0: 64e2 8099 2c20 6164 6420 7468 6520 6e61 d..., add the na\n-0002c200: 6d65 6420 7465 726d 696e 616c 7320 746f med terminals to\n-0002c210: 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2061 6374 the list of act\n-0002c220: 6976 650a 2020 2020 206f 7574 7075 7420 ive. output \n-0002c230: 7465 726d 696e 616c 733b 2061 6c6c 206f terminals; all o\n-0002c240: 6620 7468 6573 6520 7769 6c6c 2072 6563 f these will rec\n-0002c250: 6569 7665 206f 7574 7075 7420 6672 6f6d eive output from\n-0002c260: 2047 5255 422e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 GRUB... Wit\n-0002c270: 6820 e280 982d 2d72 656d 6f76 65e2 8099 h ...--remove...\n-0002c280: 2c20 7265 6d6f 7665 2074 6865 206e 616d , remove the nam\n-0002c290: 6564 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 2066 726f ed terminals fro\n-0002c2a0: 6d20 7468 6520 6163 7469 7665 206c 6973 m the active lis\n-0002c2b0: 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 6e6f t... With no\n-0002c2c0: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2062 7574 2061 206c options but a l\n-0002c2d0: 6973 7420 6f66 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 ist of terminal \n-0002c2e0: 6e61 6d65 732c 206d 616b 6520 6f6e 6c79 names, make only\n-0002c2f0: 2074 6865 206c 6973 7465 640a 2020 2020 the listed. \n-0002c300: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6e61 6d65 7320 terminal names \n-0002c310: 6163 7469 7665 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a active.....File:\n-0002c320: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-0002c330: 653a 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 6f2c 2020 5072 e: terminfo, Pr\n-0002c340: 6576 3a20 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 ev: terminal_out\n-0002c350: 7075 742c 2020 5570 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 put, Up: Genera\n-0002c360: 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e33 l commands..17.3\n-0002c370: 2e34 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 6f0a 2d2d 2d2d .4 terminfo.----\n-0002c380: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n-0002c390: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7465 726d 696e Command: termin\n-0002c3a0: 666f 205b 2d61 7c2d 757c 2d76 5d20 5b2d fo [-a|-u|-v] [-\n-0002c3b0: 6720 5778 485d 205b 7465 726d 5d20 5b74 g WxH] [term] [t\n-0002c3c0: 7970 655d 0a20 2020 2020 4465 6669 6e65 ype]. Define\n-0002c3d0: 2074 6865 2063 6170 6162 696c 6974 6965 the capabilitie\n-0002c3e0: 7320 6f66 2079 6f75 7220 7465 726d 696e s of your termin\n-0002c3f0: 616c 2062 7920 6769 7669 6e67 2074 6865 al by giving the\n-0002c400: 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 name of an. \n-0002c410: 2065 6e74 7279 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7465 entry in the te\n-0002c420: 726d 696e 666f 2064 6174 6162 6173 652c rminfo database,\n-0002c430: 2077 6869 6368 2073 686f 756c 6420 636f which should co\n-0002c440: 7272 6573 706f 6e64 2072 6f75 6768 6c79 rrespond roughly\n-0002c450: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2061 20e2 8098 5445 to. a ...TE\n-0002c460: 524d e280 9920 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e RM... environmen\n-0002c470: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 556e t variable in Un\n-0002c480: 6978 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 6375 ix... The cu\n-0002c490: 7272 656e 746c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 626c rrently availabl\n-0002c4a0: 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c 2074 7970 6573 e terminal types\n-0002c4b0: 2061 7265 20e2 8098 7674 3130 30e2 8099 are ...vt100...\n-0002c4c0: 2c20 e280 9876 7431 3030 2d63 6f6c 6f72 , ...vt100-color\n-0002c4d0: e280 992c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9869 6565 ...,. ...iee\n-0002c4e0: 6531 3237 35e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 e1275..., and ..\n-0002c4f0: 9864 756d 62e2 8099 2e20 2049 6620 796f .dumb.... If yo\n-0002c500: 7520 6e65 6564 206f 7468 6572 2074 6572 u need other ter\n-0002c510: 6d69 6e61 6c20 7479 7065 732c 2070 6c65 minal types, ple\n-0002c520: 6173 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7461 6374 ase. contact\n-0002c530: 2075 7320 746f 2064 6973 6375 7373 2074 us to discuss t\n-0002c540: 6865 2062 6573 7420 7761 7920 746f 2069 he best way to i\n-0002c550: 6e63 6c75 6465 2073 7570 706f 7274 2066 nclude support f\n-0002c560: 6f72 2074 6865 7365 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 or these in. \n-0002c570: 2047 5255 422e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 GRUB... The\n-0002c580: 20e2 8098 2d61 e280 9920 28e2 8098 2d2d ...-a... (...--\n-0002c590: 6173 6369 69e2 8099 292c 20e2 8098 2d75 ascii...), ...-u\n-0002c5a0: e280 9920 28e2 8098 2d2d 7574 6638 e280 ... (...--utf8..\n-0002c5b0: 9929 2c20 616e 6420 e280 982d 76e2 8099 .), and ...-v...\n-0002c5c0: 2028 e280 982d 2d76 6973 7561 6c2d 7574 (...--visual-ut\n-0002c5d0: 6638 e280 9929 0a20 2020 2020 6f70 7469 f8...). opti\n-0002c5e0: 6f6e 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 686f 7720 ons control how \n-0002c5f0: 6e6f 6e2d 4153 4349 4920 7465 7874 2069 non-ASCII text i\n-0002c600: 7320 6469 7370 6c61 7965 642e 2020 e280 s displayed. ..\n-0002c610: 982d 61e2 8099 2073 7065 6369 6669 6573 .-a... specifies\n-0002c620: 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 2041 5343 4949 2d6f an. ASCII-o\n-0002c630: 6e6c 7920 7465 726d 696e 616c 3b20 e280 nly terminal; ..\n-0002c640: 982d 75e2 8099 2073 7065 6369 6669 6573 .-u... specifies\n-0002c650: 206c 6f67 6963 616c 6c79 2d6f 7264 6572 logically-order\n-0002c660: 6564 2055 5446 2d38 3b20 616e 640a 2020 ed UTF-8; and. \n-0002c670: 2020 20e2 8098 2d76 e280 9920 7370 6563 ...-v... spec\n-0002c680: 6966 6965 7320 2276 6973 7561 6c6c 792d ifies \"visually-\n-0002c690: 6f72 6465 7265 6420 5554 462d 3822 2028 ordered UTF-8\" (\n-0002c6a0: 696e 206f 7468 6572 2077 6f72 6473 2c20 in other words, \n-0002c6b0: 6172 7261 6e67 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7375 arranged. su\n-0002c6c0: 6368 2074 6861 7420 6120 7465 726d 696e ch that a termin\n-0002c6d0: 616c 2065 6d75 6c61 746f 7220 7769 7468 al emulator with\n-0002c6e0: 6f75 7420 6269 6469 7265 6374 696f 6e61 out bidirectiona\n-0002c6f0: 6c20 7465 7874 2073 7570 706f 7274 0a20 l text support. \n-0002c700: 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2064 6973 706c 6179 will display\n-0002c710: 2072 6967 6874 2d74 6f2d 6c65 6674 2074 right-to-left t\n-0002c720: 6578 7420 696e 2074 6865 2070 726f 7065 ext in the prope\n-0002c730: 7220 6f72 6465 723b 2074 6869 7320 6973 r order; this is\n-0002c740: 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 7265 616c 6c79 not. really\n-0002c750: 2070 726f 7065 7220 5554 462d 382c 2062 proper UTF-8, b\n-0002c760: 7574 2061 2077 6f72 6b61 726f 756e 6429 ut a workaround)\n-0002c770: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 982d ... The ...-\n-0002c780: 67e2 8099 2028 e280 982d 2d67 656f 6d65 g... (...--geome\n-0002c790: 7472 79e2 8099 2920 6361 6e20 6265 2075 try...) can be u\n-0002c7a0: 7365 6420 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2074 sed to specify t\n-0002c7b0: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6765 6f6d 6574 7279 erminal geometry\n-0002c7c0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 206e 6f20 6f70 ... If no op\n-0002c7d0: 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 7465 726d 696e 616c tion or terminal\n-0002c7e0: 2074 7970 6520 6973 2073 7065 6369 6669 type is specifi\n-0002c7f0: 6564 2c20 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 ed, the current \n-0002c800: 7465 726d 696e 616c 0a20 2020 2020 7479 terminal. ty\n-0002c810: 7065 2069 7320 7072 696e 7465 642e 0a0a pe is printed...\n-0002c820: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-0002c830: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e o, Node: Comman\n-0002c840: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c d-line commands,\n-0002c850: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 Next: Networki\n-0002c860: 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 2020 5072 ng commands, Pr\n-0002c870: 6576 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 636f 6d6d ev: General comm\n-0002c880: 616e 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 ands, Up: Comma\n-0002c890: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 3420 436f 6d6d 616e nds..17.4 Comman\n-0002c8a0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n-0002c8b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0002c8c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6573 ==========..Thes\n-0002c8d0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 2075 e commands are u\n-0002c8e0: 7361 626c 6520 696e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d sable in the com\n-0002c8f0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 616e 6420 696e mand-line and in\n-0002c900: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 732e 2020 menu entries. \n-0002c910: 4966 0a79 6f75 2066 6f72 6765 7420 6120 If.you forget a \n-0002c920: 636f 6d6d 616e 642c 2079 6f75 2063 616e command, you can\n-0002c930: 2072 756e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 run the command\n-0002c940: 20e2 8098 6865 6c70 e280 9920 282a 6e6f ...help... (*no\n-0002c950: 7465 2068 656c 703a 3a29 2e0a 0a2a 204d te help::)...* M\n-0002c960: 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 5b3a 3a20 2020 2020 enu:..* [:: \n+0002c110: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n+0002c120: 6e64 3a20 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f 7574 nd: terminal_out\n+0002c130: 7075 7420 5b2d 2d61 7070 656e 647c 2d2d put [--append|--\n+0002c140: 7265 6d6f 7665 5d20 5b74 6572 6d69 6e61 remove] [termina\n+0002c150: 6c31 5d20 5b74 6572 6d69 6e61 6c32 5d0a l1] [terminal2].\n+0002c160: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2e2e 2e0a 2020 .... \n+0002c170: 2020 204c 6973 7420 6f72 2073 656c 6563 List or selec\n+0002c180: 7420 616e 206f 7574 7075 7420 7465 726d t an output term\n+0002c190: 696e 616c 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 inal... With\n+0002c1a0: 206e 6f20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732c 206c no arguments, l\n+0002c1b0: 6973 7420 7468 6520 6163 7469 7665 2061 ist the active a\n+0002c1c0: 6e64 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 7574 nd available out\n+0002c1d0: 7075 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c 732e 0a0a put terminals...\n+0002c1e0: 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 e280 982d 2d61 With ...--a\n+0002c1f0: 7070 656e 64e2 8099 2c20 6164 6420 7468 ppend..., add th\n+0002c200: 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 7465 726d 696e 616c e named terminal\n+0002c210: 7320 746f 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 s to the list of\n+0002c220: 2061 6374 6976 650a 2020 2020 206f 7574 active. out\n+0002c230: 7075 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c 733b 2061 put terminals; a\n+0002c240: 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 6573 6520 7769 6c6c ll of these will\n+0002c250: 2072 6563 6569 7665 206f 7574 7075 7420 receive output \n+0002c260: 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 422e 0a0a 2020 2020 from GRUB... \n+0002c270: 2057 6974 6820 e280 982d 2d72 656d 6f76 With ...--remov\n+0002c280: 65e2 8099 2c20 7265 6d6f 7665 2074 6865 e..., remove the\n+0002c290: 206e 616d 6564 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c73 named terminals\n+0002c2a0: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6163 7469 7665 from the active\n+0002c2b0: 206c 6973 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 list... Wit\n+0002c2c0: 6820 6e6f 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2062 7574 h no options but\n+0002c2d0: 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2074 6572 6d69 a list of termi\n+0002c2e0: 6e61 6c20 6e61 6d65 732c 206d 616b 6520 nal names, make \n+0002c2f0: 6f6e 6c79 2074 6865 206c 6973 7465 640a only the listed.\n+0002c300: 2020 2020 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6e61 terminal na\n+0002c310: 6d65 7320 6163 7469 7665 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 mes active.....F\n+0002c320: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0002c330: 204e 6f64 653a 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 6f2c Node: terminfo,\n+0002c340: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7465 726d 696e 616c Prev: terminal\n+0002c350: 5f6f 7574 7075 742c 2020 5570 3a20 4765 _output, Up: Ge\n+0002c360: 6e65 7261 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a neral commands..\n+0002c370: 3137 2e33 2e34 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 6f0a 17.3.4 terminfo.\n+0002c380: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+0002c390: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7465 . -- Command: te\n+0002c3a0: 726d 696e 666f 205b 2d61 7c2d 757c 2d76 rminfo [-a|-u|-v\n+0002c3b0: 5d20 5b2d 6720 5778 485d 205b 7465 726d ] [-g WxH] [term\n+0002c3c0: 5d20 5b74 7970 655d 0a20 2020 2020 4465 ] [type]. De\n+0002c3d0: 6669 6e65 2074 6865 2063 6170 6162 696c fine the capabil\n+0002c3e0: 6974 6965 7320 6f66 2079 6f75 7220 7465 ities of your te\n+0002c3f0: 726d 696e 616c 2062 7920 6769 7669 6e67 rminal by giving\n+0002c400: 2074 6865 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2061 6e0a the name of an.\n+0002c410: 2020 2020 2065 6e74 7279 2069 6e20 7468 entry in th\n+0002c420: 6520 7465 726d 696e 666f 2064 6174 6162 e terminfo datab\n+0002c430: 6173 652c 2077 6869 6368 2073 686f 756c ase, which shoul\n+0002c440: 6420 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 2072 6f75 d correspond rou\n+0002c450: 6768 6c79 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2061 20e2 ghly to. a .\n+0002c460: 8098 5445 524d e280 9920 656e 7669 726f ..TERM... enviro\n+0002c470: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 nment variable i\n+0002c480: 6e20 556e 6978 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 n Unix... Th\n+0002c490: 6520 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 6176 6169 e currently avai\n+0002c4a0: 6c61 626c 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c 2074 lable terminal t\n+0002c4b0: 7970 6573 2061 7265 20e2 8098 7674 3130 ypes are ...vt10\n+0002c4c0: 30e2 8099 2c20 e280 9876 7431 3030 2d63 0..., ...vt100-c\n+0002c4d0: 6f6c 6f72 e280 992c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 olor...,. ..\n+0002c4e0: 9869 6565 6531 3237 35e2 8099 2c20 616e .ieee1275..., an\n+0002c4f0: 6420 e280 9864 756d 62e2 8099 2e20 2049 d ...dumb.... I\n+0002c500: 6620 796f 7520 6e65 6564 206f 7468 6572 f you need other\n+0002c510: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7479 7065 732c terminal types,\n+0002c520: 2070 6c65 6173 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e please. con\n+0002c530: 7461 6374 2075 7320 746f 2064 6973 6375 tact us to discu\n+0002c540: 7373 2074 6865 2062 6573 7420 7761 7920 ss the best way \n+0002c550: 746f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2073 7570 706f to include suppo\n+0002c560: 7274 2066 6f72 2074 6865 7365 2069 6e0a rt for these in.\n+0002c570: 2020 2020 2047 5255 422e 0a0a 2020 2020 GRUB... \n+0002c580: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 2d61 e280 9920 28e2 The ...-a... (.\n+0002c590: 8098 2d2d 6173 6369 69e2 8099 292c 20e2 ..--ascii...), .\n+0002c5a0: 8098 2d75 e280 9920 28e2 8098 2d2d 7574 ..-u... (...--ut\n+0002c5b0: 6638 e280 9929 2c20 616e 6420 e280 982d f8...), and ...-\n+0002c5c0: 76e2 8099 2028 e280 982d 2d76 6973 7561 v... (...--visua\n+0002c5d0: 6c2d 7574 6638 e280 9929 0a20 2020 2020 l-utf8...). \n+0002c5e0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 options control \n+0002c5f0: 686f 7720 6e6f 6e2d 4153 4349 4920 7465 how non-ASCII te\n+0002c600: 7874 2069 7320 6469 7370 6c61 7965 642e xt is displayed.\n+0002c610: 2020 e280 982d 61e2 8099 2073 7065 6369 ...-a... speci\n+0002c620: 6669 6573 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 2041 5343 fies an. ASC\n+0002c630: 4949 2d6f 6e6c 7920 7465 726d 696e 616c II-only terminal\n+0002c640: 3b20 e280 982d 75e2 8099 2073 7065 6369 ; ...-u... speci\n+0002c650: 6669 6573 206c 6f67 6963 616c 6c79 2d6f fies logically-o\n+0002c660: 7264 6572 6564 2055 5446 2d38 3b20 616e rdered UTF-8; an\n+0002c670: 640a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d76 e280 9920 d. ...-v... \n+0002c680: 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 2276 6973 7561 specifies \"visua\n+0002c690: 6c6c 792d 6f72 6465 7265 6420 5554 462d lly-ordered UTF-\n+0002c6a0: 3822 2028 696e 206f 7468 6572 2077 6f72 8\" (in other wor\n+0002c6b0: 6473 2c20 6172 7261 6e67 6564 0a20 2020 ds, arranged. \n+0002c6c0: 2020 7375 6368 2074 6861 7420 6120 7465 such that a te\n+0002c6d0: 726d 696e 616c 2065 6d75 6c61 746f 7220 rminal emulator \n+0002c6e0: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6269 6469 7265 6374 without bidirect\n+0002c6f0: 696f 6e61 6c20 7465 7874 2073 7570 706f ional text suppo\n+0002c700: 7274 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2064 6973 rt. will dis\n+0002c710: 706c 6179 2072 6967 6874 2d74 6f2d 6c65 play right-to-le\n+0002c720: 6674 2074 6578 7420 696e 2074 6865 2070 ft text in the p\n+0002c730: 726f 7065 7220 6f72 6465 723b 2074 6869 roper order; thi\n+0002c740: 7320 6973 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 7265 s is not. re\n+0002c750: 616c 6c79 2070 726f 7065 7220 5554 462d ally proper UTF-\n+0002c760: 382c 2062 7574 2061 2077 6f72 6b61 726f 8, but a workaro\n+0002c770: 756e 6429 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 und)... The \n+0002c780: e280 982d 67e2 8099 2028 e280 982d 2d67 ...-g... (...--g\n+0002c790: 656f 6d65 7472 79e2 8099 2920 6361 6e20 eometry...) can \n+0002c7a0: 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2073 7065 6369 be used to speci\n+0002c7b0: 6679 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6765 6f6d fy terminal geom\n+0002c7c0: 6574 7279 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 206e etry... If n\n+0002c7d0: 6f20 6f70 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 7465 726d o option or term\n+0002c7e0: 696e 616c 2074 7970 6520 6973 2073 7065 inal type is spe\n+0002c7f0: 6369 6669 6564 2c20 7468 6520 6375 7272 cified, the curr\n+0002c800: 656e 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c 0a20 2020 ent terminal. \n+0002c810: 2020 7479 7065 2069 7320 7072 696e 7465 type is printe\n+0002c820: 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 d.....File: grub\n+0002c830: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f .info, Node: Co\n+0002c840: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+0002c850: 6e64 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4e65 7477 nds, Next: Netw\n+0002c860: 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c orking commands,\n+0002c870: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 Prev: General \n+0002c880: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2043 commands, Up: C\n+0002c890: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 3420 436f ommands..17.4 Co\n+0002c8a0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+0002c8b0: 6e64 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d nds.============\n+0002c8c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n+0002c8d0: 5468 6573 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 These commands a\n+0002c8e0: 7265 2075 7361 626c 6520 696e 2074 6865 re usable in the\n+0002c8f0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 616e command-line an\n+0002c900: 6420 696e 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 d in menu entrie\n+0002c910: 732e 2020 4966 0a79 6f75 2066 6f72 6765 s. If.you forge\n+0002c920: 7420 6120 636f 6d6d 616e 642c 2079 6f75 t a command, you\n+0002c930: 2063 616e 2072 756e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d can run the com\n+0002c940: 6d61 6e64 20e2 8098 6865 6c70 e280 9920 mand ...help... \n+0002c950: 282a 6e6f 7465 2068 656c 703a 3a29 2e0a (*note help::)..\n+0002c960: 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 5b3a 3a20 .* Menu:..* [:: \n 0002c970: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002c980: 2020 2020 2020 4368 6563 6b20 6669 6c65 Check file\n-0002c990: 2074 7970 6573 2061 6e64 2063 6f6d 7061 types and compa\n-0002c9a0: 7265 2076 616c 7565 730a 2a20 6163 7069 re values.* acpi\n-0002c9b0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0002c9c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2041 Load A\n-0002c9d0: 4350 4920 7461 626c 6573 0a2a 2061 7574 CPI tables.* aut\n-0002c9e0: 6865 6e74 6963 6174 653a 3a20 2020 2020 henticate:: \n-0002c9f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 6865 636b Check\n-0002ca00: 2077 6865 7468 6572 2075 7365 7220 6973 whether user is\n-0002ca10: 2069 6e20 7573 6572 206c 6973 740a 2a20 in user list.* \n-0002ca20: 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 5f63 6f6c 6f72 background_color\n-0002ca30: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 :: Se\n-0002ca40: 7420 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6c t background col\n-0002ca50: 6f72 2066 6f72 2061 6374 6976 6520 7465 or for active te\n-0002ca60: 726d 696e 616c 0a2a 2062 6163 6b67 726f rminal.* backgro\n-0002ca70: 756e 645f 696d 6167 653a 3a20 2020 2020 und_image:: \n-0002ca80: 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6261 636b Load back\n-0002ca90: 6772 6f75 6e64 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 ground image for\n-0002caa0: 2061 6374 6976 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c active terminal\n-0002cab0: 0a2a 2062 6164 7261 6d3a 3a20 2020 2020 .* badram:: \n+0002c980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4368 6563 6b20 Check \n+0002c990: 6669 6c65 2074 7970 6573 2061 6e64 2063 file types and c\n+0002c9a0: 6f6d 7061 7265 2076 616c 7565 730a 2a20 ompare values.* \n+0002c9b0: 6163 7069 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 acpi:: \n+0002c9c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f Lo\n+0002c9d0: 6164 2041 4350 4920 7461 626c 6573 0a2a ad ACPI tables.*\n+0002c9e0: 2061 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 653a 3a20 authenticate:: \n+0002c9f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 C\n+0002ca00: 6865 636b 2077 6865 7468 6572 2075 7365 heck whether use\n+0002ca10: 7220 6973 2069 6e20 7573 6572 206c 6973 r is in user lis\n+0002ca20: 740a 2a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 5f63 t.* background_c\n+0002ca30: 6f6c 6f72 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 olor:: \n+0002ca40: 2020 5365 7420 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 Set background\n+0002ca50: 2063 6f6c 6f72 2066 6f72 2061 6374 6976 color for activ\n+0002ca60: 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c 0a2a 2062 6163 e terminal.* bac\n+0002ca70: 6b67 726f 756e 645f 696d 6167 653a 3a20 kground_image:: \n+0002ca80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 Load \n+0002ca90: 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2069 6d61 6765 background image\n+0002caa0: 2066 6f72 2061 6374 6976 6520 7465 726d for active term\n+0002cab0: 696e 616c 0a2a 2062 6164 7261 6d3a 3a20 inal.* badram:: \n 0002cac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002cad0: 2046 696c 7465 7220 6f75 7420 6261 6420 Filter out bad \n-0002cae0: 7265 6769 6f6e 7320 6f66 2052 414d 0a2a regions of RAM.*\n-0002caf0: 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 3a3a 2020 2020 blocklist:: \n-0002cb00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2050 P\n-0002cb10: 7269 6e74 2061 2062 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 rint a block lis\n-0002cb20: 740a 2a20 626f 6f74 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 t.* boot:: \n+0002cad0: 2020 2020 2046 696c 7465 7220 6f75 7420 Filter out \n+0002cae0: 6261 6420 7265 6769 6f6e 7320 6f66 2052 bad regions of R\n+0002caf0: 414d 0a2a 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 3a3a AM.* blocklist::\n+0002cb00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002cb10: 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2061 2062 6c6f 636b Print a block\n+0002cb20: 206c 6973 740a 2a20 626f 6f74 3a3a 2020 list.* boot:: \n 0002cb30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002cb40: 2020 5374 6172 7420 7570 2079 6f75 7220 Start up your \n-0002cb50: 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d operating system\n-0002cb60: 0a2a 2063 6174 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 .* cat:: \n+0002cb40: 2020 2020 2020 5374 6172 7420 7570 2079 Start up y\n+0002cb50: 6f75 7220 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 our operating sy\n+0002cb60: 7374 656d 0a2a 2063 6174 3a3a 2020 2020 stem.* cat:: \n 0002cb70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002cb80: 2053 686f 7720 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e Show the conten\n-0002cb90: 7473 206f 6620 6120 6669 6c65 0a2a 2063 ts of a file.* c\n-0002cba0: 6c65 6172 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lear:: \n-0002cbb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 6c65 Cle\n-0002cbc0: 6172 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 6e0a 2a20 ar the screen.* \n-0002cbd0: 636d 6f73 636c 6561 6e3a 3a20 2020 2020 cmosclean:: \n-0002cbe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 436c Cl\n-0002cbf0: 6561 7220 6269 7420 696e 2043 4d4f 530a ear bit in CMOS.\n-0002cc00: 2a20 636d 6f73 6475 6d70 3a3a 2020 2020 * cmosdump:: \n+0002cb80: 2020 2020 2053 686f 7720 7468 6520 636f Show the co\n+0002cb90: 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 6120 6669 6c65 ntents of a file\n+0002cba0: 0a2a 2063 6c65 6172 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 .* clear:: \n+0002cbb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002cbc0: 2043 6c65 6172 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 Clear the scree\n+0002cbd0: 6e0a 2a20 636d 6f73 636c 6561 6e3a 3a20 n.* cmosclean:: \n+0002cbe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002cbf0: 2020 436c 6561 7220 6269 7420 696e 2043 Clear bit in C\n+0002cc00: 4d4f 530a 2a20 636d 6f73 6475 6d70 3a3a MOS.* cmosdump::\n 0002cc10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002cc20: 4475 6d70 2043 4d4f 5320 636f 6e74 656e Dump CMOS conten\n-0002cc30: 7473 0a2a 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 743a 3a20 ts.* cmostest:: \n-0002cc40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002cc50: 2020 2054 6573 7420 6269 7420 696e 2043 Test bit in C\n-0002cc60: 4d4f 530a 2a20 636d 703a 3a20 2020 2020 MOS.* cmp:: \n+0002cc20: 2020 2020 4475 6d70 2043 4d4f 5320 636f Dump CMOS co\n+0002cc30: 6e74 656e 7473 0a2a 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 ntents.* cmostes\n+0002cc40: 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t:: \n+0002cc50: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6573 7420 6269 7420 Test bit \n+0002cc60: 696e 2043 4d4f 530a 2a20 636d 703a 3a20 in CMOS.* cmp:: \n 0002cc70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002cc80: 2020 2020 436f 6d70 6172 6520 7477 6f20 Compare two \n-0002cc90: 6669 6c65 730a 2a20 636f 6e66 6967 6669 files.* configfi\n-0002cca0: 6c65 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 le:: \n-0002ccb0: 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 2063 6f6e Load a con\n-0002ccc0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 650a figuration file.\n-0002ccd0: 2a20 6370 7569 643a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 * cpuid:: \n+0002cc80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 436f 6d70 6172 6520 Compare \n+0002cc90: 7477 6f20 6669 6c65 730a 2a20 636f 6e66 two files.* conf\n+0002cca0: 6967 6669 6c65 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 igfile:: \n+0002ccb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 Load a\n+0002ccc0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n+0002ccd0: 696c 650a 2a20 6370 7569 643a 3a20 2020 ile.* cpuid:: \n 0002cce0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002ccf0: 4368 6563 6b20 666f 7220 4350 5520 6665 Check for CPU fe\n-0002cd00: 6174 7572 6573 0a2a 2063 7263 3a3a 2020 atures.* crc:: \n-0002cd10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002cd20: 2020 2020 2020 2043 6f6d 7075 7465 206f Compute o\n-0002cd30: 7220 6368 6563 6b20 4352 4333 3220 6368 r check CRC32 ch\n-0002cd40: 6563 6b73 756d 730a 2a20 6372 7970 746f ecksums.* crypto\n-0002cd50: 6d6f 756e 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 mount:: \n-0002cd60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4d6f 756e 7420 6120 Mount a \n-0002cd70: 6372 7970 746f 2064 6576 6963 650a 2a20 crypto device.* \n-0002cd80: 6375 746d 656d 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 cutmem:: \n-0002cd90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 Re\n-0002cda0: 6d6f 7665 206d 656d 6f72 7920 7265 6769 move memory regi\n-0002cdb0: 6f6e 730a 2a20 6461 7465 3a3a 2020 2020 ons.* date:: \n+0002ccf0: 2020 2020 4368 6563 6b20 666f 7220 4350 Check for CP\n+0002cd00: 5520 6665 6174 7572 6573 0a2a 2063 7263 U features.* crc\n+0002cd10: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+0002cd20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 6f6d 7075 Compu\n+0002cd30: 7465 206f 7220 6368 6563 6b20 4352 4333 te or check CRC3\n+0002cd40: 3220 6368 6563 6b73 756d 730a 2a20 6372 2 checksums.* cr\n+0002cd50: 7970 746f 6d6f 756e 743a 3a20 2020 2020 yptomount:: \n+0002cd60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4d6f 756e Moun\n+0002cd70: 7420 6120 6372 7970 746f 2064 6576 6963 t a crypto devic\n+0002cd80: 650a 2a20 6375 746d 656d 3a3a 2020 2020 e.* cutmem:: \n+0002cd90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002cda0: 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 206d 656d 6f72 7920 Remove memory \n+0002cdb0: 7265 6769 6f6e 730a 2a20 6461 7465 3a3a regions.* date::\n 0002cdc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002cdd0: 2020 2020 4469 7370 6c61 7920 6f72 2073 Display or s\n-0002cde0: 6574 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2064 6174 6520 et current date \n-0002cdf0: 616e 6420 7469 6d65 0a2a 2064 6576 6963 and time.* devic\n-0002ce00: 6574 7265 653a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 etree:: \n-0002ce10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6120 Load a \n-0002ce20: 6465 7669 6365 2074 7265 6520 626c 6f62 device tree blob\n-0002ce30: 0a2a 2064 6973 7472 7573 743a 3a20 2020 .* distrust:: \n-0002ce40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002ce50: 2052 656d 6f76 6520 6120 7075 626b 6579 Remove a pubkey\n-0002ce60: 2066 726f 6d20 7472 7573 7465 6420 6b65 from trusted ke\n-0002ce70: 7973 0a2a 2064 7269 7665 6d61 703a 3a20 ys.* drivemap:: \n-0002ce80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002ce90: 2020 204d 6170 2061 2064 7269 7665 2074 Map a drive t\n-0002cea0: 6f20 616e 6f74 6865 720a 2a20 6563 686f o another.* echo\n-0002ceb0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0002cec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4469 7370 6c61 Displa\n-0002ced0: 7920 6120 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 7465 7874 y a line of text\n-0002cee0: 0a2a 2065 6669 7465 7874 6d6f 6465 3a3a .* efitextmode::\n-0002cef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002cf00: 2053 6574 2f47 6574 2074 6578 7420 6f75 Set/Get text ou\n-0002cf10: 7470 7574 206d 6f64 6520 7265 736f 6c75 tput mode resolu\n-0002cf20: 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2065 7661 6c3a 3a20 2020 tion.* eval:: \n-0002cf30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002cf40: 2020 2020 2045 7661 6c75 6174 6520 6167 Evaluate ag\n-0002cf50: 7275 6d65 6e74 7320 6173 2047 5255 4220 ruments as GRUB \n-0002cf60: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a2a 2065 7870 6f72 commands.* expor\n-0002cf70: 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t:: \n-0002cf80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 7870 6f72 7420 Export \n-0002cf90: 616e 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 an environment v\n-0002cfa0: 6172 6961 626c 650a 2a20 6661 6c73 653a ariable.* false:\n-0002cfb0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0002cfc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 446f 206e 6f74 6869 Do nothi\n-0002cfd0: 6e67 2c20 756e 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c ng, unsuccessful\n-0002cfe0: 6c79 0a2a 2066 7773 6574 7570 3a3a 2020 ly.* fwsetup:: \n-0002cff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d000: 2020 2052 6562 6f6f 7420 696e 746f 2074 Reboot into t\n-0002d010: 6865 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6520 7365 7475 he firmware setu\n-0002d020: 7020 6d65 6e75 0a2a 2067 6462 696e 666f p menu.* gdbinfo\n-0002d030: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0002d040: 2020 2020 2020 2050 726f 7669 6465 2069 Provide i\n-0002d050: 6e66 6f20 666f 7220 6465 6275 6767 696e nfo for debuggin\n-0002d060: 6720 7769 7468 2047 4442 0a2a 2067 6574 g with GDB.* get\n-0002d070: 7465 7874 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 text:: \n-0002d080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 7261 6e73 Trans\n-0002d090: 6c61 7465 2061 2073 7472 696e 670a 2a20 late a string.* \n-0002d0a0: 6770 7473 796e 633a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 gptsync:: \n-0002d0b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4669 Fi\n-0002d0c0: 6c6c 2061 6e20 4d42 5220 6261 7365 6420 ll an MBR based \n-0002d0d0: 6f6e 2047 5054 2065 6e74 7269 6573 0a2a on GPT entries.*\n-0002d0e0: 2068 616c 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 halt:: \n-0002d0f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 S\n-0002d100: 6875 7420 646f 776e 2079 6f75 7220 636f hut down your co\n-0002d110: 6d70 7574 6572 0a2a 2068 6173 6873 756d mputer.* hashsum\n-0002d120: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0002d130: 2020 2020 2020 2043 6f6d 7075 7465 206f Compute o\n-0002d140: 7220 6368 6563 6b20 6861 7368 2063 6865 r check hash che\n-0002d150: 636b 7375 6d0a 2a20 6865 6c70 3a3a 2020 cksum.* help:: \n-0002d160: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d170: 2020 2020 2020 5368 6f77 2068 656c 7020 Show help \n-0002d180: 6d65 7373 6167 6573 0a2a 2068 6578 6475 messages.* hexdu\n-0002d190: 6d70 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mp:: \n-0002d1a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 686f 7720 7261 Show ra\n-0002d1b0: 7720 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 6120 w contents of a \n-0002d1c0: 6669 6c65 206f 7220 6d65 6d6f 7279 0a2a file or memory.*\n-0002d1d0: 2069 6e73 6d6f 643a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 insmod:: \n-0002d1e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 I\n-0002d1f0: 6e73 6572 7420 6120 6d6f 6475 6c65 0a2a nsert a module.*\n-0002d200: 206b 6579 7374 6174 7573 3a3a 2020 2020 keystatus:: \n-0002d210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 C\n-0002d220: 6865 636b 206b 6579 206d 6f64 6966 6965 heck key modifie\n-0002d230: 7220 7374 6174 7573 0a2a 206c 6973 745f r status.* list_\n-0002d240: 656e 763a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 env:: \n-0002d250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 7661 List va\n-0002d260: 7269 6162 6c65 7320 696e 2065 6e76 6972 riables in envir\n-0002d270: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 0a2a 206c onment block.* l\n-0002d280: 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 643a 3a20 2020 ist_trusted:: \n-0002d290: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6973 Lis\n-0002d2a0: 7420 7472 7573 7465 6420 7075 626c 6963 t trusted public\n-0002d2b0: 206b 6579 730a 2a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 keys.* load_env\n-0002d2c0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0002d2d0: 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2076 6172 6961 Load varia\n-0002d2e0: 626c 6573 2066 726f 6d20 656e 7669 726f bles from enviro\n-0002d2f0: 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b0a 2a20 6c6f nment block.* lo\n-0002d300: 6164 666f 6e74 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 adfont:: \n-0002d310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 Load\n-0002d320: 2066 6f6e 7420 6669 6c65 730a 2a20 6c6f font files.* lo\n-0002d330: 6f70 6261 636b 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 opback:: \n-0002d340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4d61 6b65 Make\n-0002d350: 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 6672 6f6d 2061 a device from a\n-0002d360: 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 696d 6167 filesystem imag\n-0002d370: 650a 2a20 6c73 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e.* ls:: \n+0002cdd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4469 7370 6c61 7920 Display \n+0002cde0: 6f72 2073 6574 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2064 or set current d\n+0002cdf0: 6174 6520 616e 6420 7469 6d65 0a2a 2064 ate and time.* d\n+0002ce00: 6576 6963 6574 7265 653a 3a20 2020 2020 evicetree:: \n+0002ce10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 Loa\n+0002ce20: 6420 6120 6465 7669 6365 2074 7265 6520 d a device tree \n+0002ce30: 626c 6f62 0a2a 2064 6973 7472 7573 743a blob.* distrust:\n+0002ce40: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0002ce50: 2020 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 6120 7075 Remove a pu\n+0002ce60: 626b 6579 2066 726f 6d20 7472 7573 7465 bkey from truste\n+0002ce70: 6420 6b65 7973 0a2a 2064 7269 7665 6d61 d keys.* drivema\n+0002ce80: 703a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 p:: \n+0002ce90: 2020 2020 2020 204d 6170 2061 2064 7269 Map a dri\n+0002cea0: 7665 2074 6f20 616e 6f74 6865 720a 2a20 ve to another.* \n+0002ceb0: 6563 686f 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 echo:: \n+0002cec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4469 Di\n+0002ced0: 7370 6c61 7920 6120 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 splay a line of \n+0002cee0: 7465 7874 0a2a 2065 6669 7465 7874 6d6f text.* efitextmo\n+0002cef0: 6465 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 de:: \n+0002cf00: 2020 2020 2053 6574 2f47 6574 2074 6578 Set/Get tex\n+0002cf10: 7420 6f75 7470 7574 206d 6f64 6520 7265 t output mode re\n+0002cf20: 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2065 7661 6c3a solution.* eval:\n+0002cf30: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0002cf40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 7661 6c75 6174 Evaluat\n+0002cf50: 6520 6167 7275 6d65 6e74 7320 6173 2047 e agruments as G\n+0002cf60: 5255 4220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a2a 2065 RUB commands.* e\n+0002cf70: 7870 6f72 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 xport:: \n+0002cf80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 7870 Exp\n+0002cf90: 6f72 7420 616e 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 ort an environme\n+0002cfa0: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 650a 2a20 6661 nt variable.* fa\n+0002cfb0: 6c73 653a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lse:: \n+0002cfc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 446f 206e Do n\n+0002cfd0: 6f74 6869 6e67 2c20 756e 7375 6363 6573 othing, unsucces\n+0002cfe0: 7366 756c 6c79 0a2a 2066 7773 6574 7570 sfully.* fwsetup\n+0002cff0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+0002d000: 2020 2020 2020 2052 6562 6f6f 7420 696e Reboot in\n+0002d010: 746f 2074 6865 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6520 to the firmware \n+0002d020: 7365 7475 7020 6d65 6e75 0a2a 2067 6462 setup menu.* gdb\n+0002d030: 696e 666f 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 info:: \n+0002d040: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2050 726f 7669 Provi\n+0002d050: 6465 2069 6e66 6f20 666f 7220 6465 6275 de info for debu\n+0002d060: 6767 696e 6720 7769 7468 2047 4442 0a2a gging with GDB.*\n+0002d070: 2067 6574 7465 7874 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 gettext:: \n+0002d080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 T\n+0002d090: 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 2061 2073 7472 696e ranslate a strin\n+0002d0a0: 670a 2a20 6770 7473 796e 633a 3a20 2020 g.* gptsync:: \n+0002d0b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d0c0: 2020 4669 6c6c 2061 6e20 4d42 5220 6261 Fill an MBR ba\n+0002d0d0: 7365 6420 6f6e 2047 5054 2065 6e74 7269 sed on GPT entri\n+0002d0e0: 6573 0a2a 2068 616c 743a 3a20 2020 2020 es.* halt:: \n+0002d0f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d100: 2020 2053 6875 7420 646f 776e 2079 6f75 Shut down you\n+0002d110: 7220 636f 6d70 7574 6572 0a2a 2068 6173 r computer.* has\n+0002d120: 6873 756d 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 hsum:: \n+0002d130: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 6f6d 7075 Compu\n+0002d140: 7465 206f 7220 6368 6563 6b20 6861 7368 te or check hash\n+0002d150: 2063 6865 636b 7375 6d0a 2a20 6865 6c70 checksum.* help\n+0002d160: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+0002d170: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5368 6f77 2068 Show h\n+0002d180: 656c 7020 6d65 7373 6167 6573 0a2a 2068 elp messages.* h\n+0002d190: 6578 6475 6d70 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 exdump:: \n+0002d1a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 686f Sho\n+0002d1b0: 7720 7261 7720 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f w raw contents o\n+0002d1c0: 6620 6120 6669 6c65 206f 7220 6d65 6d6f f a file or memo\n+0002d1d0: 7279 0a2a 2069 6e73 6d6f 643a 3a20 2020 ry.* insmod:: \n+0002d1e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d1f0: 2020 2049 6e73 6572 7420 6120 6d6f 6475 Insert a modu\n+0002d200: 6c65 0a2a 206b 6579 7374 6174 7573 3a3a le.* keystatus::\n+0002d210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d220: 2020 2043 6865 636b 206b 6579 206d 6f64 Check key mod\n+0002d230: 6966 6965 7220 7374 6174 7573 0a2a 206c ifier status.* l\n+0002d240: 6973 745f 656e 763a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 ist_env:: \n+0002d250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6973 Lis\n+0002d260: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 696e 2065 t variables in e\n+0002d270: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b nvironment block\n+0002d280: 0a2a 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 643a .* list_trusted:\n+0002d290: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0002d2a0: 204c 6973 7420 7472 7573 7465 6420 7075 List trusted pu\n+0002d2b0: 626c 6963 206b 6579 730a 2a20 6c6f 6164 blic keys.* load\n+0002d2c0: 5f65 6e76 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _env:: \n+0002d2d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2076 Load v\n+0002d2e0: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2066 726f 6d20 656e ariables from en\n+0002d2f0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b0a vironment block.\n+0002d300: 2a20 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 3a3a 2020 2020 * loadfont:: \n+0002d310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d320: 4c6f 6164 2066 6f6e 7420 6669 6c65 730a Load font files.\n+0002d330: 2a20 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 3a3a 2020 2020 * loopback:: \n+0002d340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d350: 4d61 6b65 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 6672 Make a device fr\n+0002d360: 6f6d 2061 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 om a filesystem \n+0002d370: 696d 6167 650a 2a20 6c73 3a3a 2020 2020 image.* ls:: \n 0002d380: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d390: 2020 4c69 7374 2064 6576 6963 6573 206f List devices o\n-0002d3a0: 7220 6669 6c65 730a 2a20 6c73 666f 6e74 r files.* lsfont\n-0002d3b0: 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s:: \n-0002d3c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c69 7374 206c 6f61 List loa\n-0002d3d0: 6465 6420 666f 6e74 730a 2a20 6c73 6d6f ded fonts.* lsmo\n-0002d3e0: 643a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d:: \n-0002d3f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5368 6f77 206c Show l\n-0002d400: 6f61 6465 6420 6d6f 6475 6c65 730a 2a20 oaded modules.* \n-0002d410: 6d64 3573 756d 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 md5sum:: \n-0002d420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 436f Co\n-0002d430: 6d70 7574 6520 6f72 2063 6865 636b 204d mpute or check M\n-0002d440: 4435 2068 6173 680a 2a20 6d6f 6475 6c65 D5 hash.* module\n-0002d450: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0002d460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 206d 6f64 Load mod\n-0002d470: 756c 6520 666f 7220 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f ule for multiboo\n-0002d480: 7420 6b65 726e 656c 0a2a 206d 756c 7469 t kernel.* multi\n-0002d490: 626f 6f74 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 boot:: \n-0002d4a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6d75 Load mu\n-0002d4b0: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 636f 6d70 6c69 616e ltiboot complian\n-0002d4c0: 7420 6b65 726e 656c 0a2a 206e 6174 6976 t kernel.* nativ\n-0002d4d0: 6564 6973 6b3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 edisk:: \n-0002d4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 7769 7463 6820 Switch \n-0002d4f0: 746f 206e 6174 6976 6520 6469 736b 2064 to native disk d\n-0002d500: 7269 7665 7273 0a2a 206e 6f72 6d61 6c3a rivers.* normal:\n-0002d510: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0002d520: 2020 2020 2020 2045 6e74 6572 206e 6f72 Enter nor\n-0002d530: 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 0a2a 206e 6f72 6d61 mal mode.* norma\n-0002d540: 6c5f 6578 6974 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 l_exit:: \n-0002d550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 7869 7420 6672 Exit fr\n-0002d560: 6f6d 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 0a2a om normal mode.*\n-0002d570: 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 6c3a 3a20 2020 2020 parttool:: \n-0002d580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204d M\n-0002d590: 6f64 6966 7920 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 odify partition \n-0002d5a0: 7461 626c 6520 656e 7472 6965 730a 2a20 table entries.* \n-0002d5b0: 7061 7373 776f 7264 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 password:: \n-0002d5c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 Se\n-0002d5d0: 7420 6120 636c 6561 722d 7465 7874 2070 t a clear-text p\n-0002d5e0: 6173 7377 6f72 640a 2a20 7061 7373 776f assword.* passwo\n-0002d5f0: 7264 5f70 626b 6466 323a 3a20 2020 2020 rd_pbkdf2:: \n-0002d600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 6120 6861 Set a ha\n-0002d610: 7368 6564 2070 6173 7377 6f72 640a 2a20 shed password.* \n-0002d620: 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 3a3a 2020 2020 plainmount:: \n-0002d630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4f70 Op\n-0002d640: 656e 2064 6576 6963 6520 656e 6372 7970 en device encryp\n-0002d650: 7465 6420 696e 2070 6c61 696e 206d 6f64 ted in plain mod\n-0002d660: 650a 2a20 706c 6179 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 e.* play:: \n+0002d390: 2020 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2064 6576 6963 List devic\n+0002d3a0: 6573 206f 7220 6669 6c65 730a 2a20 6c73 es or files.* ls\n+0002d3b0: 666f 6e74 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 fonts:: \n+0002d3c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c69 7374 List\n+0002d3d0: 206c 6f61 6465 6420 666f 6e74 730a 2a20 loaded fonts.* \n+0002d3e0: 6c73 6d6f 643a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 lsmod:: \n+0002d3f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5368 Sh\n+0002d400: 6f77 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6d6f 6475 6c65 ow loaded module\n+0002d410: 730a 2a20 6d64 3573 756d 3a3a 2020 2020 s.* md5sum:: \n+0002d420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d430: 2020 436f 6d70 7574 6520 6f72 2063 6865 Compute or che\n+0002d440: 636b 204d 4435 2068 6173 680a 2a20 6d6f ck MD5 hash.* mo\n+0002d450: 6475 6c65 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dule:: \n+0002d460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 Load\n+0002d470: 206d 6f64 756c 6520 666f 7220 6d75 6c74 module for mult\n+0002d480: 6962 6f6f 7420 6b65 726e 656c 0a2a 206d iboot kernel.* m\n+0002d490: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 ultiboot:: \n+0002d4a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f61 Loa\n+0002d4b0: 6420 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 636f 6d70 d multiboot comp\n+0002d4c0: 6c69 616e 7420 6b65 726e 656c 0a2a 206e liant kernel.* n\n+0002d4d0: 6174 6976 6564 6973 6b3a 3a20 2020 2020 ativedisk:: \n+0002d4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 7769 Swi\n+0002d4f0: 7463 6820 746f 206e 6174 6976 6520 6469 tch to native di\n+0002d500: 736b 2064 7269 7665 7273 0a2a 206e 6f72 sk drivers.* nor\n+0002d510: 6d61 6c3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mal:: \n+0002d520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 6e74 6572 Enter\n+0002d530: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 0a2a 206e normal mode.* n\n+0002d540: 6f72 6d61 6c5f 6578 6974 3a3a 2020 2020 ormal_exit:: \n+0002d550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 7869 Exi\n+0002d560: 7420 6672 6f6d 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f t from normal mo\n+0002d570: 6465 0a2a 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 6c3a 3a20 de.* parttool:: \n+0002d580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d590: 2020 204d 6f64 6966 7920 7061 7274 6974 Modify partit\n+0002d5a0: 696f 6e20 7461 626c 6520 656e 7472 6965 ion table entrie\n+0002d5b0: 730a 2a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 3a3a 2020 s.* password:: \n+0002d5c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d5d0: 2020 5365 7420 6120 636c 6561 722d 7465 Set a clear-te\n+0002d5e0: 7874 2070 6173 7377 6f72 640a 2a20 7061 xt password.* pa\n+0002d5f0: 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 323a 3a20 ssword_pbkdf2:: \n+0002d600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 Set \n+0002d610: 6120 6861 7368 6564 2070 6173 7377 6f72 a hashed passwor\n+0002d620: 640a 2a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 3a3a d.* plainmount::\n+0002d630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d640: 2020 4f70 656e 2064 6576 6963 6520 656e Open device en\n+0002d650: 6372 7970 7465 6420 696e 2070 6c61 696e crypted in plain\n+0002d660: 206d 6f64 650a 2a20 706c 6179 3a3a 2020 mode.* play:: \n 0002d670: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d680: 2020 506c 6179 2061 2074 756e 650a 2a20 Play a tune.* \n-0002d690: 7072 6f62 653a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 probe:: \n-0002d6a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 Re\n-0002d6b0: 7472 6965 7665 2064 6576 6963 6520 696e trieve device in\n-0002d6c0: 666f 0a2a 2072 646d 7372 3a3a 2020 2020 fo.* rdmsr:: \n+0002d680: 2020 2020 2020 506c 6179 2061 2074 756e Play a tun\n+0002d690: 650a 2a20 7072 6f62 653a 3a20 2020 2020 e.* probe:: \n+0002d6a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d6b0: 2020 5265 7472 6965 7665 2064 6576 6963 Retrieve devic\n+0002d6c0: 6520 696e 666f 0a2a 2072 646d 7372 3a3a e info.* rdmsr::\n 0002d6d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d6e0: 2020 2052 6561 6420 7661 6c75 6573 2066 Read values f\n-0002d6f0: 726f 6d20 6d6f 6465 6c2d 7370 6563 6966 rom model-specif\n-0002d700: 6963 2072 6567 6973 7465 7273 0a2a 2072 ic registers.* r\n-0002d710: 6561 643a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ead:: \n-0002d720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 6561 Rea\n-0002d730: 6420 7573 6572 2069 6e70 7574 0a2a 2072 d user input.* r\n-0002d740: 6562 6f6f 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 eboot:: \n-0002d750: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 6562 Reb\n-0002d760: 6f6f 7420 796f 7572 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 oot your compute\n-0002d770: 720a 2a20 7265 6765 7870 3a3a 2020 2020 r.* regexp:: \n+0002d6e0: 2020 2020 2020 2052 6561 6420 7661 6c75 Read valu\n+0002d6f0: 6573 2066 726f 6d20 6d6f 6465 6c2d 7370 es from model-sp\n+0002d700: 6563 6966 6963 2072 6567 6973 7465 7273 ecific registers\n+0002d710: 0a2a 2072 6561 643a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 .* read:: \n+0002d720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d730: 2052 6561 6420 7573 6572 2069 6e70 7574 Read user input\n+0002d740: 0a2a 2072 6562 6f6f 743a 3a20 2020 2020 .* reboot:: \n+0002d750: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d760: 2052 6562 6f6f 7420 796f 7572 2063 6f6d Reboot your com\n+0002d770: 7075 7465 720a 2a20 7265 6765 7870 3a3a puter.* regexp::\n 0002d780: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d790: 2020 5465 7374 2069 6620 7265 6775 6c61 Test if regula\n-0002d7a0: 7220 6578 7072 6573 7369 6f6e 206d 6174 r expression mat\n-0002d7b0: 6368 6573 2073 7472 696e 670a 2a20 726d ches string.* rm\n-0002d7c0: 6d6f 643a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mod:: \n-0002d7d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 6d6f Remo\n-0002d7e0: 7665 2061 206d 6f64 756c 650a 2a20 7361 ve a module.* sa\n-0002d7f0: 7665 5f65 6e76 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ve_env:: \n-0002d800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5361 7665 Save\n-0002d810: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2074 6f20 656e variables to en\n-0002d820: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b0a vironment block.\n-0002d830: 2a20 7365 6172 6368 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 * search:: \n+0002d790: 2020 2020 2020 5465 7374 2069 6620 7265 Test if re\n+0002d7a0: 6775 6c61 7220 6578 7072 6573 7369 6f6e gular expression\n+0002d7b0: 206d 6174 6368 6573 2073 7472 696e 670a matches string.\n+0002d7c0: 2a20 726d 6d6f 643a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 * rmmod:: \n+0002d7d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d7e0: 5265 6d6f 7665 2061 206d 6f64 756c 650a Remove a module.\n+0002d7f0: 2a20 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 3a3a 2020 2020 * save_env:: \n+0002d800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d810: 5361 7665 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2074 Save variables t\n+0002d820: 6f20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c o environment bl\n+0002d830: 6f63 6b0a 2a20 7365 6172 6368 3a3a 2020 ock.* search:: \n 0002d840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d850: 5365 6172 6368 2064 6576 6963 6573 2062 Search devices b\n-0002d860: 7920 6669 6c65 2c20 6c61 6265 6c2c 206f y file, label, o\n-0002d870: 7220 5555 4944 0a2a 2073 656e 646b 6579 r UUID.* sendkey\n-0002d880: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0002d890: 2020 2020 2020 2045 6d75 6c61 7465 206b Emulate k\n-0002d8a0: 6579 7374 726f 6b65 730a 2a20 7365 743a eystrokes.* set:\n-0002d8b0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0002d8c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7420 616e Set an\n-0002d8d0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-0002d8e0: 6961 626c 650a 2a20 7368 6131 7375 6d3a iable.* sha1sum:\n-0002d8f0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0002d900: 2020 2020 2020 436f 6d70 7574 6520 6f72 Compute or\n-0002d910: 2063 6865 636b 2053 4841 3120 6861 7368 check SHA1 hash\n-0002d920: 0a2a 2073 6861 3235 3673 756d 3a3a 2020 .* sha256sum:: \n-0002d930: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002d940: 2043 6f6d 7075 7465 206f 7220 6368 6563 Compute or chec\n-0002d950: 6b20 5348 4132 3536 2068 6173 680a 2a20 k SHA256 hash.* \n-0002d960: 7368 6135 3132 7375 6d3a 3a20 2020 2020 sha512sum:: \n-0002d970: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 436f Co\n-0002d980: 6d70 7574 6520 6f72 2063 6865 636b 2053 mpute or check S\n-0002d990: 4841 3531 3220 6861 7368 0a2a 2073 6c65 HA512 hash.* sle\n-0002d9a0: 6570 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ep:: \n-0002d9b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2057 6169 7420 Wait \n-0002d9c0: 666f 7220 6120 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 for a specified \n-0002d9d0: 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7365 636f 6e64 number of second\n-0002d9e0: 730a 2a20 736d 6269 6f73 3a3a 2020 2020 s.* smbios:: \n+0002d850: 2020 2020 5365 6172 6368 2064 6576 6963 Search devic\n+0002d860: 6573 2062 7920 6669 6c65 2c20 6c61 6265 es by file, labe\n+0002d870: 6c2c 206f 7220 5555 4944 0a2a 2073 656e l, or UUID.* sen\n+0002d880: 646b 6579 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dkey:: \n+0002d890: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 6d75 6c61 Emula\n+0002d8a0: 7465 206b 6579 7374 726f 6b65 730a 2a20 te keystrokes.* \n+0002d8b0: 7365 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 set:: \n+0002d8c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 Se\n+0002d8d0: 7420 616e 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 t an environment\n+0002d8e0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 650a 2a20 7368 6131 variable.* sha1\n+0002d8f0: 7375 6d3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 sum:: \n+0002d900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 436f 6d70 7574 Comput\n+0002d910: 6520 6f72 2063 6865 636b 2053 4841 3120 e or check SHA1 \n+0002d920: 6861 7368 0a2a 2073 6861 3235 3673 756d hash.* sha256sum\n+0002d930: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+0002d940: 2020 2020 2043 6f6d 7075 7465 206f 7220 Compute or \n+0002d950: 6368 6563 6b20 5348 4132 3536 2068 6173 check SHA256 has\n+0002d960: 680a 2a20 7368 6135 3132 7375 6d3a 3a20 h.* sha512sum:: \n+0002d970: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002d980: 2020 436f 6d70 7574 6520 6f72 2063 6865 Compute or che\n+0002d990: 636b 2053 4841 3531 3220 6861 7368 0a2a ck SHA512 hash.*\n+0002d9a0: 2073 6c65 6570 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 sleep:: \n+0002d9b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2057 W\n+0002d9c0: 6169 7420 666f 7220 6120 7370 6563 6966 ait for a specif\n+0002d9d0: 6965 6420 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7365 ied number of se\n+0002d9e0: 636f 6e64 730a 2a20 736d 6269 6f73 3a3a conds.* smbios::\n 0002d9f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002da00: 2020 5265 7472 6965 7665 2053 4d42 494f Retrieve SMBIO\n-0002da10: 5320 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 S information.* \n-0002da20: 736f 7572 6365 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 source:: \n-0002da30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 Re\n-0002da40: 6164 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 ad a configurati\n-0002da50: 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 696e 2073 616d 6520 on file in same \n-0002da60: 636f 6e74 6578 740a 2a20 7465 7374 3a3a context.* test::\n-0002da70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002da80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4368 6563 6b20 6669 Check fi\n-0002da90: 6c65 2074 7970 6573 2061 6e64 2063 6f6d le types and com\n-0002daa0: 7061 7265 2076 616c 7565 730a 2a20 7472 pare values.* tr\n-0002dab0: 7565 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ue:: \n-0002dac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 446f 206e Do n\n-0002dad0: 6f74 6869 6e67 2c20 7375 6363 6573 7366 othing, successf\n-0002dae0: 756c 6c79 0a2a 2074 7275 7374 3a3a 2020 ully.* trust:: \n-0002daf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002db00: 2020 2020 2041 6464 2070 7562 6c69 6320 Add public \n-0002db10: 6b65 7920 746f 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2074 key to list of t\n-0002db20: 7275 7374 6564 206b 6579 730a 2a20 756e rusted keys.* un\n-0002db30: 7365 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 set:: \n-0002db40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 556e 7365 Unse\n-0002db50: 7420 616e 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 t an environment\n-0002db60: 2076 6172 6961 626c 650a 2a20 7665 7269 variable.* veri\n-0002db70: 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 643a 3a20 2020 fy_detached:: \n-0002db80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5665 7269 6679 Verify\n-0002db90: 2064 6574 6163 6865 6420 6469 6769 7461 detached digita\n-0002dba0: 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 650a 2a20 7669 l signature.* vi\n-0002dbb0: 6465 6f69 6e66 6f3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 deoinfo:: \n-0002dbc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c69 7374 List\n-0002dbd0: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2076 6964 656f available video\n-0002dbe0: 206d 6f64 6573 0a2a 2077 726d 7372 3a3a modes.* wrmsr::\n-0002dbf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002dc00: 2020 2020 2020 2057 7269 7465 2076 616c Write val\n-0002dc10: 7565 7320 746f 206d 6f64 656c 2d73 7065 ues to model-spe\n-0002dc20: 6369 6669 6320 7265 6769 7374 6572 730a cific registers.\n-0002dc30: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-0002dc40: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 205b 2c20 204e fo, Node: [, N\n-0002dc50: 6578 743a 2061 6370 692c 2020 5570 3a20 ext: acpi, Up: \n-0002dc60: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-0002dc70: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3120 5b0a mands..17.4.1 [.\n-0002dc80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-0002dc90: 6d6d 616e 643a 205b 2065 7870 7265 7373 mmand: [ express\n-0002dca0: 696f 6e20 5d0a 2020 2020 2041 6c69 6173 ion ]. Alias\n-0002dcb0: 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 7465 7374 2045 5850 for ...test EXP\n-0002dcc0: 5245 5353 494f 4ee2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 RESSION... (*not\n-0002dcd0: 6520 7465 7374 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 e test::).....Fi\n-0002dce0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-0002dcf0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6163 7069 2c20 204e 6578 Node: acpi, Nex\n-0002dd00: 743a 2061 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 652c t: authenticate,\n-0002dd10: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5b2c 2020 5570 3a20 Prev: [, Up: \n-0002dd20: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-0002dd30: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3220 6163 mands..17.4.2 ac\n-0002dd40: 7069 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a pi.-----------..\n-0002dd50: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2061 6370 -- Command: acp\n-0002dd60: 6920 5b2d 317c 2d32 5d20 5b2d 2d65 7863 i [-1|-2] [--exc\n-0002dd70: 6c75 6465 3d74 6162 6c65 312c 2e2e 2e7c lude=table1,...|\n-0002dd80: 2d2d 6c6f 6164 2d6f 6e6c 793d 7461 626c --load-only=tabl\n-0002dd90: 6531 2c2e 2e2e 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e1,...]. \n-0002dda0: 2020 5b2d 2d6f 656d 6964 3d69 645d 205b [--oemid=id] [\n-0002ddb0: 2d2d 6f65 6d74 6162 6c65 3d74 6162 6c65 --oemtable=table\n-0002ddc0: 5d20 5b2d 2d6f 656d 7461 626c 6572 6576 ] [--oemtablerev\n-0002ddd0: 3d72 6576 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 =rev]. \n-0002dde0: 5b2d 2d6f 656d 7461 626c 6563 7265 6174 [--oemtablecreat\n-0002ddf0: 6f72 3d63 7265 6174 6f72 5d20 5b2d 2d6f or=creator] [--o\n-0002de00: 656d 7461 626c 6563 7265 6174 6f72 7265 emtablecreatorre\n-0002de10: 763d 7265 765d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 v=rev]. \n-0002de20: 205b 2d2d 6e6f 2d65 6264 615d 2066 696c [--no-ebda] fil\n-0002de30: 656e 616d 6520 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 204d ename .... M\n-0002de40: 6f64 6572 6e20 4249 4f53 2073 7973 7465 odern BIOS syste\n-0002de50: 6d73 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 696d 706c ms normally impl\n-0002de60: 656d 656e 7420 7468 6520 4164 7661 6e63 ement the Advanc\n-0002de70: 6564 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e ed Configuration\n-0002de80: 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 506f 7765 7220 . and Power \n-0002de90: 496e 7465 7266 6163 6520 2841 4350 4929 Interface (ACPI)\n-0002dea0: 2c20 616e 6420 6465 6669 6e65 2076 6172 , and define var\n-0002deb0: 696f 7573 2074 6162 6c65 7320 7468 6174 ious tables that\n-0002dec0: 2064 6573 6372 6962 650a 2020 2020 2074 describe. t\n-0002ded0: 6865 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2062 6574 he interface bet\n-0002dee0: 7765 656e 2061 6e20 4143 5049 2d63 6f6d ween an ACPI-com\n-0002def0: 706c 6961 6e74 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 pliant operating\n-0002df00: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 616e 6420 7468 650a system and the.\n-0002df10: 2020 2020 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e 2020 firmware. \n-0002df20: 496e 2073 6f6d 6520 6361 7365 732c 2074 In some cases, t\n-0002df30: 6865 2074 6162 6c65 7320 7072 6f76 6964 he tables provid\n-0002df40: 6564 2062 7920 6465 6661 756c 7420 6f6e ed by default on\n-0002df50: 6c79 2077 6f72 6b0a 2020 2020 2077 656c ly work. wel\n-0002df60: 6c20 7769 7468 2063 6572 7461 696e 206f l with certain o\n-0002df70: 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d73 perating systems\n-0002df80: 2c20 616e 6420 6974 206d 6179 2062 6520 , and it may be \n-0002df90: 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 746f 0a20 2020 necessary to. \n-0002dfa0: 2020 7265 706c 6163 6520 736f 6d65 206f replace some o\n-0002dfb0: 6620 7468 656d 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f f them... No\n-0002dfc0: 726d 616c 6c79 2c20 7468 6973 2063 6f6d rmally, this com\n-0002dfd0: 6d61 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 7265 706c 6163 mand will replac\n-0002dfe0: 6520 7468 6520 526f 6f74 2053 7973 7465 e the Root Syste\n-0002dff0: 6d20 4465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e0a 2020 m Description. \n-0002e000: 2020 2050 6f69 6e74 6572 2028 5253 4450 Pointer (RSDP\n-0002e010: 2920 696e 2074 6865 2045 7874 656e 6465 ) in the Extende\n-0002e020: 6420 4249 4f53 2044 6174 6120 4172 6561 d BIOS Data Area\n-0002e030: 2074 6f20 706f 696e 7420 746f 2074 6865 to point to the\n-0002e040: 206e 6577 0a20 2020 2020 7461 626c 6573 new. tables\n-0002e050: 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d6e . If the ...--n\n-0002e060: 6f2d 6562 6461 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e o-ebda... option\n-0002e070: 2069 7320 7573 6564 2c20 7468 6520 6e65 is used, the ne\n-0002e080: 7720 7461 626c 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6265 w tables will be\n-0002e090: 0a20 2020 2020 6b6e 6f77 6e20 6f6e 6c79 . known only\n-0002e0a0: 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2c20 6275 7420 6d61 to GRUB, but ma\n-0002e0b0: 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 6279 2047 5255 y be used by GRU\n-0002e0c0: 4227 7320 4546 4920 656d 756c 6174 696f B's EFI emulatio\n-0002e0d0: 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 653a 2054 n... Note: T\n-0002e0e0: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6e6f he command is no\n-0002e0f0: 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 7768 656e 206c t allowed when l\n-0002e100: 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e20 6973 2065 6e66 6f72 ockdown is enfor\n-0002e110: 6365 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 ced (*note. \n-0002e120: 4c6f 636b 646f 776e 3a3a 292e 2020 4f74 Lockdown::). Ot\n-0002e130: 6865 7277 6973 6520 616e 2061 7474 6163 herwise an attac\n-0002e140: 6b65 7220 6361 6e20 696e 7374 7275 6374 ker can instruct\n-0002e150: 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 746f 206c 6f61 the GRUB to loa\n-0002e160: 640a 2020 2020 2061 6e20 5353 4454 2074 d. an SSDT t\n-0002e170: 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6f76 6572 7772 6974 able to overwrit\n-0002e180: 6520 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 206c 6f63 e the kernel loc\n-0002e190: 6b64 6f77 6e20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 kdown configurat\n-0002e1a0: 696f 6e20 616e 640a 2020 2020 206c 6174 ion and. lat\n-0002e1b0: 6572 206c 6f61 6420 616e 6420 6578 6563 er load and exec\n-0002e1c0: 7574 6520 756e 7369 676e 6564 2063 6f64 ute unsigned cod\n-0002e1d0: 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 e.....File: grub\n-0002e1e0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6175 .info, Node: au\n-0002e1f0: 7468 656e 7469 6361 7465 2c20 204e 6578 thenticate, Nex\n-0002e200: 743a 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f 636f t: background_co\n-0002e210: 6c6f 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6163 7069 lor, Prev: acpi\n-0002e220: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-0002e230: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-0002e240: 2e34 2e33 2061 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 .4.3 authenticat\n-0002e250: 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d e.--------------\n-0002e260: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-0002e270: 6e64 3a20 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7465 nd: authenticate\n-0002e280: 205b 7573 6572 6c69 7374 5d0a 2020 2020 [userlist]. \n-0002e290: 2043 6865 636b 2077 6865 7468 6572 2075 Check whether u\n-0002e2a0: 7365 7220 6973 2069 6e20 5553 4552 4c49 ser is in USERLI\n-0002e2b0: 5354 206f 7220 6c69 7374 6564 2069 6e20 ST or listed in \n-0002e2c0: 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 0a20 2020 the value of. \n-0002e2d0: 2020 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 7375 variable ...su\n-0002e2e0: 7065 7275 7365 7273 e280 992e 2020 5365 perusers.... Se\n-0002e2f0: 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 7375 7065 7275 7365 e *note superuse\n-0002e300: 7273 3a3a 2066 6f72 2076 616c 6964 2075 rs:: for valid u\n-0002e310: 7365 7220 6c69 7374 0a20 2020 2020 666f ser list. fo\n-0002e320: 726d 6174 2e20 2049 6620 e280 9873 7570 rmat. If ...sup\n-0002e330: 6572 7573 6572 73e2 8099 2069 7320 656d erusers... is em\n-0002e340: 7074 792c 2074 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e pty, this comman\n-0002e350: 6420 7265 7475 726e 7320 7472 7565 2e0a d returns true..\n-0002e360: 2020 2020 202a 4e6f 7465 2053 6563 7572 *Note Secur\n-0002e370: 6974 793a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ity::.....File: \n-0002e380: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-0002e390: 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 5f63 6f6c : background_col\n-0002e3a0: 6f72 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2062 6163 6b67 or, Next: backg\n-0002e3b0: 726f 756e 645f 696d 6167 652c 2020 5072 round_image, Pr\n-0002e3c0: 6576 3a20 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7465 ev: authenticate\n-0002e3d0: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-0002e3e0: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-0002e3f0: 2e34 2e34 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f .4.4 background_\n-0002e400: 636f 6c6f 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d color.----------\n-0002e410: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n-0002e420: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6261 636b -- Command: back\n-0002e430: 6772 6f75 6e64 5f63 6f6c 6f72 2063 6f6c ground_color col\n-0002e440: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 5365 7420 6261 636b or. Set back\n-0002e450: 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6c 6f72 2066 6f72 ground color for\n-0002e460: 2061 6374 6976 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c active terminal\n-0002e470: 2e20 2046 6f72 2076 616c 6964 2063 6f6c . For valid col\n-0002e480: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 6963 or. specific\n-0002e490: 6174 696f 6e73 2073 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 ations see *note\n-0002e4a0: 2043 6f6c 6f72 733a 2054 6865 6d65 2066 Colors: Theme f\n-0002e4b0: 696c 6520 666f 726d 6174 2e20 2042 6163 ile format. Bac\n-0002e4c0: 6b67 726f 756e 640a 2020 2020 2063 6f6c kground. col\n-0002e4d0: 6f72 2063 616e 2062 6520 6368 616e 6765 or can be change\n-0002e4e0: 6420 6f6e 6c79 2077 6865 6e20 7573 696e d only when usin\n-0002e4f0: 6720 e280 9867 6678 7465 726d e280 9920 g ...gfxterm... \n-0002e500: 666f 7220 7465 726d 696e 616c 206f 7574 for terminal out\n-0002e510: 7075 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 put... This \n-0002e520: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7365 7473 2063 6f6c command sets col\n-0002e530: 6f72 206f 6620 656d 7074 7920 6172 6561 or of empty area\n-0002e540: 7320 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7465 7874 2e20 s without text. \n-0002e550: 2054 6578 740a 2020 2020 2062 6163 6b67 Text. backg\n-0002e560: 726f 756e 6420 636f 6c6f 7220 6973 2063 round color is c\n-0002e570: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c65 6420 6279 2065 6e76 ontrolled by env\n-0002e580: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-0002e590: 6573 0a20 2020 2020 434f 4c4f 525f 4e4f es. COLOR_NO\n-0002e5a0: 524d 414c 2c20 434f 4c4f 525f 4849 4748 RMAL, COLOR_HIGH\n-0002e5b0: 4c49 4748 542c 204d 454e 555f 434f 4c4f LIGHT, MENU_COLO\n-0002e5c0: 525f 4e4f 524d 414c 2c0a 2020 2020 204d R_NORMAL,. M\n-0002e5d0: 454e 555f 434f 4c4f 525f 4849 4748 4c49 ENU_COLOR_HIGHLI\n-0002e5e0: 4748 542e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5370 6563 GHT. *Note Spec\n-0002e5f0: 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 ial environment \n-0002e600: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 733a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a variables::.....\n-0002e610: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0002e620: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 Node: backgrou\n-0002e630: 6e64 5f69 6d61 6765 2c20 204e 6578 743a nd_image, Next:\n-0002e640: 2062 6164 7261 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 badram, Prev: \n-0002e650: 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 5f63 6f6c 6f72 background_color\n-0002e660: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-0002e670: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-0002e680: 2e34 2e35 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f .4.5 background_\n-0002e690: 696d 6167 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d image.----------\n-0002e6a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n-0002e6b0: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6261 636b -- Command: back\n-0002e6c0: 6772 6f75 6e64 5f69 6d61 6765 205b 5b2d ground_image [[-\n-0002e6d0: 2d6d 6f64 6520 7374 7265 7463 687c 6e6f -mode stretch|no\n-0002e6e0: 726d 616c 5d20 6669 6c65 5d0a 2020 2020 rmal] file]. \n-0002e6f0: 204c 6f61 6420 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 Load background\n-0002e700: 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 2061 6374 6976 image for activ\n-0002e710: 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c 2066 726f 6d20 e terminal from \n-0002e720: 4649 4c45 2e20 2049 6d61 6765 2069 730a FILE. Image is.\n-0002e730: 2020 2020 2073 7472 6574 6368 6564 2074 stretched t\n-0002e740: 6f20 6669 6c6c 2075 7020 656e 7469 7265 o fill up entire\n-0002e750: 2073 6372 6565 6e20 756e 6c65 7373 206f screen unless o\n-0002e760: 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d6d 6f64 65e2 ption ...--mode.\n-0002e770: 8099 20e2 8098 6e6f 726d 616c e280 990a .. ...normal....\n-0002e780: 2020 2020 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2e 2020 is given. \n-0002e790: 5769 7468 6f75 7420 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 Without argument\n-0002e7a0: 7320 7265 6d6f 7665 2063 7572 7265 6e74 s remove current\n-0002e7b0: 6c79 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6261 636b 6772 ly loaded backgr\n-0002e7c0: 6f75 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 696d 6167 652e ound. image.\n-0002e7d0: 2020 4261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2069 6d61 Background ima\n-0002e7e0: 6765 2063 616e 2062 6520 6368 616e 6765 ge can be change\n-0002e7f0: 6420 6f6e 6c79 2077 6865 6e20 7573 696e d only when usin\n-0002e800: 6720 e280 9867 6678 7465 726d e280 990a g ...gfxterm....\n-0002e810: 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 for termina\n-0002e820: 6c20 6f75 7470 7574 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c l output.....Fil\n-0002e830: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-0002e840: 6f64 653a 2062 6164 7261 6d2c 2020 4e65 ode: badram, Ne\n-0002e850: 7874 3a20 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 742c 2020 xt: blocklist, \n-0002e860: 5072 6576 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 Prev: background\n-0002e870: 5f69 6d61 6765 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d _image, Up: Com\n-0002e880: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-0002e890: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 2062 6164 7261 ds..17.4.6 badra\n-0002e8a0: 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a m.-------------.\n-0002e8b0: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6261 . -- Command: ba\n-0002e8c0: 6472 616d 2061 6464 722c 6d61 736b 5b2c dram addr,mask[,\n-0002e8d0: 6164 6472 2c6d 6173 6b2e 2e2e 5d0a 2020 addr,mask...]. \n-0002e8e0: 2020 2046 696c 7465 7220 6f75 7420 6261 Filter out ba\n-0002e8f0: 6420 5241 4d2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 d RAM... Thi\n-0002e900: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6e6f 7469 6669 s command notifi\n-0002e910: 6573 2074 6865 206d 656d 6f72 7920 6d61 es the memory ma\n-0002e920: 6e61 6765 7220 7468 6174 2073 7065 6369 nager that speci\n-0002e930: 6669 6564 2072 6567 696f 6e73 206f 660a fied regions of.\n-0002e940: 2020 2020 2052 414d 206f 7567 6874 2074 RAM ought t\n-0002e950: 6f20 6265 2066 696c 7465 7265 6420 6f75 o be filtered ou\n-0002e960: 7420 2875 7375 616c 6c79 2c20 6265 6361 t (usually, beca\n-0002e970: 7573 6520 7468 6579 2772 6520 6461 6d61 use they're dama\n-0002e980: 6765 6429 2e0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 ged).. This \n-0002e990: 7265 6d61 696e 7320 696e 2065 6666 6563 remains in effec\n-0002e9a0: 7420 6166 7465 7220 6120 7061 796c 6f61 t after a payloa\n-0002e9b0: 6420 6b65 726e 656c 2068 6173 2062 6565 d kernel has bee\n-0002e9c0: 6e20 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 790a 2020 2020 n loaded by. \n-0002e9d0: 2047 5255 422c 2061 7320 6c6f 6e67 2061 GRUB, as long a\n-0002e9e0: 7320 7468 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 206b 6572 s the loaded ker\n-0002e9f0: 6e65 6c20 6f62 7461 696e 7320 6974 7320 nel obtains its \n-0002ea00: 6d65 6d6f 7279 206d 6170 2066 726f 6d0a memory map from.\n-0002ea10: 2020 2020 2047 5255 422e 2020 4b65 726e GRUB. Kern\n-0002ea20: 656c 7320 7468 6174 2073 7570 706f 7274 els that support\n-0002ea30: 2074 6869 7320 696e 636c 7564 6520 4c69 this include Li\n-0002ea40: 6e75 782c 2047 4e55 204d 6163 682c 2074 nux, GNU Mach, t\n-0002ea50: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e 656c 206f he. kernel o\n-0002ea60: 6620 4672 6565 4253 4420 616e 6420 4d75 f FreeBSD and Mu\n-0002ea70: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 6b65 726e 656c 7320 ltiboot kernels \n-0002ea80: 696e 2067 656e 6572 616c 2e0a 0a20 2020 in general... \n-0002ea90: 2020 5379 6e74 6178 2069 7320 7468 6520 Syntax is the \n-0002eaa0: 7361 6d65 2061 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 same as provided\n-0002eab0: 2062 7920 7468 6520 4d65 6d74 6573 7438 by the Memtest8\n-0002eac0: 362b 2075 7469 6c69 7479 0a20 2020 2020 6+ utility. \n-0002ead0: 2868 7474 703a 2f2f 7777 772e 6d65 6d74 (http://www.memt\n-0002eae0: 6573 742e 6f72 672f 293a 2061 206c 6973 est.org/): a lis\n-0002eaf0: 7420 6f66 2061 6464 7265 7373 2f6d 6173 t of address/mas\n-0002eb00: 6b20 7061 6972 732e 2020 4769 7665 6e20 k pairs. Given \n-0002eb10: 610a 2020 2020 2070 6167 652d 616c 6967 a. page-alig\n-0002eb20: 6e65 6420 6164 6472 6573 7320 616e 6420 ned address and \n-0002eb30: 6120 6261 7365 2061 6464 7265 7373 202f a base address /\n-0002eb40: 206d 6173 6b20 7061 6972 2c20 6966 2061 mask pair, if a\n-0002eb50: 6c6c 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6269 7473 ll the. bits\n-0002eb60: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 6765 2d61 6c69 of the page-ali\n-0002eb70: 676e 6564 2061 6464 7265 7373 2074 6861 gned address tha\n-0002eb80: 7420 6172 6520 656e 6162 6c65 6420 6279 t are enabled by\n-0002eb90: 2074 6865 206d 6173 6b20 6d61 7463 680a the mask match.\n-0002eba0: 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6261 with the ba\n-0002ebb0: 7365 2061 6464 7265 7373 2c20 6974 206d se address, it m\n-0002ebc0: 6561 6e73 2074 6869 7320 7061 6765 2069 eans this page i\n-0002ebd0: 7320 746f 2062 6520 6669 6c74 6572 6564 s to be filtered\n-0002ebe0: 2e20 2054 6869 730a 2020 2020 2073 796e . This. syn\n-0002ebf0: 7461 7820 6d61 6b65 7320 6974 2065 6173 tax makes it eas\n-0002ec00: 7920 746f 2072 6570 7265 7365 6e74 2070 y to represent p\n-0002ec10: 6174 7465 726e 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 atterns that are\n-0002ec20: 206f 6674 656e 2072 6573 756c 7420 6f66 often result of\n-0002ec30: 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6d6f 7279 2064 616d . memory dam\n-0002ec40: 6167 652c 2064 7565 2074 6f20 7068 7973 age, due to phys\n-0002ec50: 6963 616c 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f ical distributio\n-0002ec60: 6e20 6f66 206d 656d 6f72 7920 6365 6c6c n of memory cell\n-0002ec70: 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2063 6f6d s... The com\n-0002ec80: 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 mand is similar \n-0002ec90: 746f 20e2 8098 6375 746d 656d e280 9920 to ...cutmem... \n-0002eca0: 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 204e command... N\n-0002ecb0: 6f74 653a 2054 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ote: The command\n-0002ecc0: 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 is not allowed \n-0002ecd0: 7768 656e 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e20 6973 when lockdown is\n-0002ece0: 2065 6e66 6f72 6365 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 enforced (*note\n-0002ecf0: 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 636b 646f 776e 3a3a . Lockdown::\n-0002ed00: 292e 2020 5468 6973 2070 7265 7665 6e74 ). This prevent\n-0002ed10: 7320 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 2045 4649 206d s removing EFI m\n-0002ed20: 656d 6f72 7920 7265 6769 6f6e 7320 746f emory regions to\n-0002ed30: 0a20 2020 2020 706f 7465 6e74 6961 6c6c . potentiall\n-0002ed40: 7920 7375 6276 6572 7420 7468 6520 7365 y subvert the se\n-0002ed50: 6375 7269 7479 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d curity mechanism\n-0002ed60: 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 7468 s provided by th\n-0002ed70: 6520 5545 4649 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6375 e UEFI. secu\n-0002ed80: 7265 2062 6f6f 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 re boot.....File\n-0002ed90: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-0002eda0: 6465 3a20 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 742c 2020 de: blocklist, \n-0002edb0: 4e65 7874 3a20 626f 6f74 2c20 2050 7265 Next: boot, Pre\n-0002edc0: 763a 2062 6164 7261 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 v: badram, Up: \n-0002edd0: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-0002ede0: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3720 626c mands..17.4.7 bl\n-0002edf0: 6f63 6b6c 6973 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ocklist.--------\n-0002ee00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-0002ee10: 6d6d 616e 643a 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 mmand: blocklist\n-0002ee20: 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 file. Print\n-0002ee30: 2061 2062 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7420 282a a block list (*\n-0002ee40: 6e6f 7465 2042 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7420 note Block list \n-0002ee50: 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 2920 666f 7220 4649 syntax::) for FI\n-0002ee60: 4c45 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 LE.....File: gru\n-0002ee70: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2062 b.info, Node: b\n-0002ee80: 6f6f 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6361 742c oot, Next: cat,\n-0002ee90: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 Prev: blocklis\n-0002eea0: 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d t, Up: Command-\n-0002eeb0: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n-0002eec0: 372e 342e 3820 626f 6f74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 7.4.8 boot.-----\n-0002eed0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-0002eee0: 616e 643a 2062 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2042 and: boot. B\n-0002eef0: 6f6f 7420 7468 6520 4f53 206f 7220 6368 oot the OS or ch\n-0002ef00: 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 6572 2077 6869 6368 ain-loader which\n-0002ef10: 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6c6f 6164 6564 has been loaded\n-0002ef20: 2e20 204f 6e6c 7920 6e65 6365 7373 6172 . Only necessar\n-0002ef30: 790a 2020 2020 2069 6620 7275 6e6e 696e y. if runnin\n-0002ef40: 6720 7468 6520 6675 6c6c 7920 696e 7465 g the fully inte\n-0002ef50: 7261 6374 6976 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d ractive command-\n-0002ef60: 6c69 6e65 2028 6974 2069 7320 696d 706c line (it is impl\n-0002ef70: 6963 6974 2061 740a 2020 2020 2074 6865 icit at. the\n-0002ef80: 2065 6e64 206f 6620 6120 6d65 6e75 2065 end of a menu e\n-0002ef90: 6e74 7279 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ntry).....File: \n-0002efa0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-0002efb0: 3a20 6361 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 636c : cat, Next: cl\n-0002efc0: 6561 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 626f 6f74 ear, Prev: boot\n-0002efd0: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-0002efe0: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-0002eff0: 2e34 2e39 2063 6174 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .4.9 cat.-------\n-0002f000: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-0002f010: 3a20 6361 7420 5b2d 2d64 6f73 5d20 6669 : cat [--dos] fi\n-0002f020: 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 4469 7370 6c61 7920 le. Display \n-0002f030: 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 the contents of \n-0002f040: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2046 494c 452e 2020 the file FILE. \n-0002f050: 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206d 6179 This command may\n-0002f060: 2062 6520 7573 6566 756c 0a20 2020 2020 be useful. \n-0002f070: 746f 2072 656d 696e 6420 796f 7520 6f66 to remind you of\n-0002f080: 2079 6f75 7220 4f53 2773 2072 6f6f 7420 your OS's root \n-0002f090: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e3a 0a0a 2020 2020 partition:.. \n-0002f0a0: 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 6361 7420 grub> cat \n-0002f0b0: 2f65 7463 2f66 7374 6162 0a0a 2020 2020 /etc/fstab.. \n-0002f0c0: 2049 6620 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d64 6f73 If the ...--dos\n-0002f0d0: e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7573 ... option is us\n-0002f0e0: 6564 2c20 7468 656e 2063 6172 7269 6167 ed, then carriag\n-0002f0f0: 6520 7265 7475 726e 202f 206e 6577 206c e return / new l\n-0002f100: 696e 650a 2020 2020 2070 6169 7273 2077 ine. pairs w\n-0002f110: 696c 6c20 6265 2064 6973 706c 6179 6564 ill be displayed\n-0002f120: 2061 7320 6120 7369 6d70 6c65 206e 6577 as a simple new\n-0002f130: 206c 696e 652e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 line. Otherwis\n-0002f140: 652c 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6361 7272 e, the. carr\n-0002f150: 6961 6765 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7769 6c6c iage return will\n-0002f160: 2062 6520 6469 7370 6c61 7965 6420 6173 be displayed as\n-0002f170: 2061 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2063 6861 7261 a control chara\n-0002f180: 6374 6572 2028 e280 983c 643e e280 9929 cter (......)\n-0002f190: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 206d 616b 6520 6974 to. make it\n-0002f1a0: 2065 6173 6965 7220 746f 2073 6565 2077 easier to see w\n-0002f1b0: 6865 6e20 626f 6f74 2070 726f 626c 656d hen boot problem\n-0002f1c0: 7320 6172 6520 6361 7573 6564 2062 7920 s are caused by \n-0002f1d0: 6120 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 666f 726d a file. form\n-0002f1e0: 6174 7465 6420 7573 696e 6720 444f 532d atted using DOS-\n-0002f1f0: 7374 796c 6520 6c69 6e65 2065 6e64 696e style line endin\n-0002f200: 6773 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 gs... Note: \n-0002f210: e280 9863 6174 e280 9920 6361 6e20 6265 ...cat... can be\n-0002f220: 2075 7365 6420 746f 2076 6965 7720 7468 used to view th\n-0002f230: 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 6465 e contents of de\n-0002f240: 7669 6365 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 650a vices using the.\n-0002f250: 2020 2020 2062 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7420 block list \n-0002f260: 7379 6e74 6178 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 426c syntax (*note Bl\n-0002f270: 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 2073 796e 7461 783a ock list syntax:\n-0002f280: 3a29 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 6974 :). However, it\n-0002f290: 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2061 6476 is not. adv\n-0002f2a0: 6973 6564 2074 6f20 7669 6577 2062 696e ised to view bin\n-0002f2b0: 6172 7920 6461 7461 2062 6563 6175 7365 ary data because\n-0002f2c0: 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2074 7279 2074 6f20 it will try to \n-0002f2d0: 6465 636f 6465 2055 5446 2d38 0a20 2020 decode UTF-8. \n-0002f2e0: 2020 7374 7269 6e67 732c 2077 6869 6368 strings, which\n-0002f2f0: 2063 616e 206c 6561 6420 746f 2073 6f6d can lead to som\n-0002f300: 6520 6279 7465 7320 6d69 7373 696e 6720 e bytes missing \n-0002f310: 6f72 2061 6464 6564 2069 6e20 7468 650a or added in the.\n-0002f320: 2020 2020 206f 7574 7075 742e 2020 496e output. In\n-0002f330: 7374 6561 642c 2075 7365 2074 6865 20e2 stead, use the .\n-0002f340: 8098 6865 7864 756d 70e2 8099 2063 6f6d ..hexdump... com\n-0002f350: 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6865 7864 mand (*note hexd\n-0002f360: 756d 703a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ump::).....File:\n-0002f370: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-0002f380: 653a 2063 6c65 6172 2c20 204e 6578 743a e: clear, Next:\n-0002f390: 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e 2c20 2050 7265 cmosclean, Pre\n-0002f3a0: 763a 2063 6174 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d v: cat, Up: Com\n-0002f3b0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-0002f3c0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3020 636c 6561 ds..17.4.10 clea\n-0002f3d0: 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a r.-------------.\n-0002f3e0: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 636c . -- Command: cl\n-0002f3f0: 6561 720a 2020 2020 2043 6c65 6172 2074 ear. Clear t\n-0002f400: 6865 2073 6372 6565 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 he screen.....Fi\n-0002f410: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-0002f420: 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 6f73 636c 6561 6e2c Node: cmosclean,\n-0002f430: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 636d 6f73 6475 6d70 Next: cmosdump\n-0002f440: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 6c65 6172 2c20 , Prev: clear, \n-0002f450: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n-0002f460: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n-0002f470: 2e31 3120 636d 6f73 636c 6561 6e0a 2d2d .11 cmosclean.--\n-0002f480: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-0002f490: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 636d . -- Command: cm\n-0002f4a0: 6f73 636c 6561 6e20 6279 7465 3a62 6974 osclean byte:bit\n-0002f4b0: 0a20 2020 2020 436c 6561 7220 7661 6c75 . Clear valu\n-0002f4c0: 6520 6f66 2062 6974 2069 6e20 434d 4f53 e of bit in CMOS\n-0002f4d0: 2061 7420 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2042 5954 at location BYT\n-0002f4e0: 453a 4249 542e 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d E:BIT. This com\n-0002f4f0: 6d61 6e64 2069 730a 2020 2020 2061 7661 mand is. ava\n-0002f500: 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 2070 ilable only on p\n-0002f510: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2074 6861 7420 7375 latforms that su\n-0002f520: 7070 6f72 7420 434d 4f53 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 pport CMOS.....F\n-0002f530: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-0002f540: 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6d6f 7364 756d 702c Node: cmosdump,\n-0002f550: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 Next: cmostest\n-0002f560: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 , Prev: cmoscle\n-0002f570: 616e 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 an, Up: Command\n-0002f580: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-0002f590: 3137 2e34 2e31 3220 636d 6f73 6475 6d70 17.4.12 cmosdump\n-0002f5a0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n-0002f5b0: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2044 756d 703a 2043 4d4f -.. -- Dump: CMO\n-0002f5c0: 5320 636f 6e74 656e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 S contents. \n-0002f5d0: 4475 6d70 2066 756c 6c20 434d 4f53 2063 Dump full CMOS c\n-0002f5e0: 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6173 2068 6578 6164 ontents as hexad\n-0002f5f0: 6563 696d 616c 2076 616c 7565 732e 2020 ecimal values. \n-0002f600: 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 730a This command is.\n-0002f610: 2020 2020 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f available o\n-0002f620: 6e6c 7920 6f6e 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 nly on platforms\n-0002f630: 2074 6861 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 434d that support CM\n-0002f640: 4f53 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 OS.....File: gru\n-0002f650: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 b.info, Node: c\n-0002f660: 6d6f 7374 6573 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 mostest, Next: \n-0002f670: 636d 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636d 6f73 cmp, Prev: cmos\n-0002f680: 6475 6d70 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 dump, Up: Comma\n-0002f690: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n-0002f6a0: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3320 636d 6f73 7465 ..17.4.13 cmoste\n-0002f6b0: 7374 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d st.-------------\n-0002f6c0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-0002f6d0: 3a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 2062 7974 653a : cmostest byte:\n-0002f6e0: 6269 740a 2020 2020 2054 6573 7420 7661 bit. Test va\n-0002f6f0: 6c75 6520 6f66 2062 6974 2069 6e20 434d lue of bit in CM\n-0002f700: 4f53 2061 7420 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2042 OS at location B\n-0002f710: 5954 453a 4249 542e 2020 4578 6974 2073 YTE:BIT. Exit s\n-0002f720: 7461 7475 7320 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7a65 tatus is. ze\n-0002f730: 726f 2069 6620 6269 7420 6973 2073 6574 ro if bit is set\n-0002f740: 2c20 6e6f 6e20 7a65 726f 206f 7468 6572 , non zero other\n-0002f750: 7769 7365 2e20 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d wise. This comm\n-0002f760: 616e 6420 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 and is available\n-0002f770: 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e20 706c . only on pl\n-0002f780: 6174 666f 726d 7320 7468 6174 2073 7570 atforms that sup\n-0002f790: 706f 7274 2043 4d4f 532e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 port CMOS.....Fi\n-0002f7a0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-0002f7b0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 702c 2020 4e65 7874 Node: cmp, Next\n-0002f7c0: 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 2c20 2050 : configfile, P\n-0002f7d0: 7265 763a 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 742c 2020 rev: cmostest, \n-0002f7e0: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n-0002f7f0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n-0002f800: 3134 2063 6d70 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 14 cmp.---------\n-0002f810: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-0002f820: 2063 6d70 205b 2d76 5d20 6669 6c65 3120 cmp [-v] file1 \n-0002f830: 6669 6c65 320a 2020 2020 2043 6f6d 7061 file2. Compa\n-0002f840: 7265 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 4649 4c45 re the file FILE\n-0002f850: 3120 7769 7468 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 1 with the file \n-0002f860: 4649 4c45 322e 2020 4966 2074 6865 7920 FILE2. If they \n-0002f870: 6172 6520 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 6c79 0a20 are completely. \n-0002f880: 2020 2020 6964 656e 7469 6361 6c2c 20e2 identical, .\n-0002f890: 8098 243f e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 ..$?... will be \n-0002f8a0: 7365 7420 746f 2030 2e20 204f 7468 6572 set to 0. Other\n-0002f8b0: 7769 7365 2c20 6966 2074 6865 2066 696c wise, if the fil\n-0002f8c0: 6573 2061 7265 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 es are not. \n-0002f8d0: 6964 656e 7469 6361 6c2c 20e2 8098 243f identical, ...$?\n-0002f8e0: e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7365 7420 ... will be set \n-0002f8f0: 746f 2061 206e 6f6e 7a65 726f 2076 616c to a nonzero val\n-0002f900: 7565 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4279 2064 6566 ue... By def\n-0002f910: 6175 6c74 206e 6f74 6869 6e67 2077 696c ault nothing wil\n-0002f920: 6c20 6265 206f 7574 7075 742e 2020 4966 l be output. If\n-0002f930: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d76 e280 9920 6973 the ...-v... is\n-0002f940: 2075 7365 642c 2076 6572 626f 7365 0a20 used, verbose. \n-0002f950: 2020 2020 6d6f 6465 2069 7320 656e 6162 mode is enab\n-0002f960: 6c65 642e 2020 496e 2074 6869 7320 6d6f led. In this mo\n-0002f970: 6465 2077 6865 6e20 7768 656e 2074 6865 de when when the\n-0002f980: 2066 696c 6573 2064 6966 6665 7220 696e files differ in\n-0002f990: 2073 697a 652c 0a20 2020 2020 7072 696e size,. prin\n-0002f9a0: 7420 7468 6520 7369 7a65 7320 6c69 6b65 t the sizes like\n-0002f9b0: 2074 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 this:.. \n-0002f9c0: 2020 4469 6666 6572 2069 6e20 7369 7a65 Differ in size\n-0002f9d0: 3a20 3078 3132 3334 205b 666f 6f5d 2c20 : 0x1234 [foo], \n-0002f9e0: 3078 3433 3231 205b 6261 725d 0a0a 2020 0x4321 [bar].. \n-0002f9f0: 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 7369 7a65 7320 If the sizes \n-0002fa00: 6172 6520 6571 7561 6c20 6275 7420 7468 are equal but th\n-0002fa10: 6520 6279 7465 7320 6174 2061 6e20 6f66 e bytes at an of\n-0002fa20: 6673 6574 2064 6966 6665 722c 2074 6865 fset differ, the\n-0002fa30: 6e0a 2020 2020 2070 7269 6e74 2074 6865 n. print the\n-0002fa40: 2062 7974 6573 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 bytes like this\n-0002fa50: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 6966 :.. Dif\n-0002fa60: 6665 7220 6174 2074 6865 206f 6666 7365 fer at the offse\n-0002fa70: 7420 3737 373a 2030 7862 6520 5b66 6f6f t 777: 0xbe [foo\n-0002fa80: 5d2c 2030 7865 6620 5b62 6172 5d0a 0a1f ], 0xef [bar]...\n-0002fa90: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-0002faa0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 , Node: configf\n-0002fab0: 696c 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6370 7569 ile, Next: cpui\n-0002fac0: 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636d 702c 2020 d, Prev: cmp, \n-0002fad0: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n-0002fae0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n-0002faf0: 3135 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 650a 2d2d 15 configfile.--\n-0002fb00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0002fb10: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 .. -- Command: c\n-0002fb20: 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 6520 6669 6c65 0a20 onfigfile file. \n-0002fb30: 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2046 494c 4520 6173 Load FILE as\n-0002fb40: 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e a configuration\n-0002fb50: 2066 696c 652e 2020 4966 2046 494c 4520 file. If FILE \n-0002fb60: 6465 6669 6e65 7320 616e 7920 6d65 6e75 defines any menu\n-0002fb70: 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 6965 732c 2074 . entries, t\n-0002fb80: 6865 6e20 7368 6f77 2061 206d 656e 7520 hen show a menu \n-0002fb90: 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 6d20 containing them \n-0002fba0: 696d 6d65 6469 6174 656c 792e 2020 416e immediately. An\n-0002fbb0: 790a 2020 2020 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 y. environme\n-0002fbc0: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6368 616e nt variable chan\n-0002fbd0: 6765 7320 6d61 6465 2062 7920 7468 6520 ges made by the \n-0002fbe0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2069 6e20 4649 4c45 commands in FILE\n-0002fbf0: 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2062 will not. b\n-0002fc00: 6520 7072 6573 6572 7665 6420 6166 7465 e preserved afte\n-0002fc10: 7220 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 r ...configfile.\n-0002fc20: 8099 2072 6574 7572 6e73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 .. returns.....F\n-0002fc30: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-0002fc40: 204e 6f64 653a 2063 7075 6964 2c20 204e Node: cpuid, N\n-0002fc50: 6578 743a 2063 7263 2c20 2050 7265 763a ext: crc, Prev:\n-0002fc60: 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 652c 2020 5570 configfile, Up\n-0002fc70: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n-0002fc80: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3136 ommands..17.4.16\n-0002fc90: 2063 7075 6964 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d cpuid.---------\n-0002fca0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-0002fcb0: 643a 2063 7075 6964 205b 2d6c 5d20 5b2d d: cpuid [-l] [-\n-0002fcc0: 705d 0a20 2020 2020 4368 6563 6b20 666f p]. Check fo\n-0002fcd0: 7220 4350 5520 6665 6174 7572 6573 2e20 r CPU features. \n-0002fce0: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 This command is\n-0002fcf0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 only available \n-0002fd00: 6f6e 2078 3836 0a20 2020 2020 7379 7374 on x86. syst\n-0002fd10: 656d 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 ems... With \n-0002fd20: 7468 6520 e280 982d 6ce2 8099 206f 7074 the ...-l... opt\n-0002fd30: 696f 6e2c 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7472 7565 ion, return true\n-0002fd40: 2069 6620 7468 6520 4350 5520 7375 7070 if the CPU supp\n-0002fd50: 6f72 7473 206c 6f6e 6720 6d6f 6465 0a20 orts long mode. \n-0002fd60: 2020 2020 2836 342d 6269 7429 2e0a 0a20 (64-bit)... \n-0002fd70: 2020 2020 5769 7468 2074 6865 20e2 8098 With the ...\n-0002fd80: 2d70 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 7265 -p... option, re\n-0002fd90: 7475 726e 2074 7275 6520 6966 2074 6865 turn true if the\n-0002fda0: 2043 5055 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 5068 CPU supports Ph\n-0002fdb0: 7973 6963 616c 0a20 2020 2020 4164 6472 ysical. Addr\n-0002fdc0: 6573 7320 4578 7465 6e73 696f 6e20 2850 ess Extension (P\n-0002fdd0: 4145 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 696e AE)... If in\n-0002fde0: 766f 6b65 6420 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6f70 voked without op\n-0002fdf0: 7469 6f6e 732c 2074 6869 7320 636f 6d6d tions, this comm\n-0002fe00: 616e 6420 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 6265 and currently be\n-0002fe10: 6861 7665 7320 6173 2069 6620 6974 0a20 haves as if it. \n-0002fe20: 2020 2020 6861 6420 6265 656e 2069 6e76 had been inv\n-0002fe30: 6f6b 6564 2077 6974 6820 e280 982d 6ce2 oked with ...-l.\n-0002fe40: 8099 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6368 ... This may ch\n-0002fe50: 616e 6765 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6675 7475 ange in the futu\n-0002fe60: 7265 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 re.....File: gru\n-0002fe70: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 b.info, Node: c\n-0002fe80: 7263 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 7279 7074 rc, Next: crypt\n-0002fe90: 6f6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 omount, Prev: c\n-0002fea0: 7075 6964 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 puid, Up: Comma\n-0002feb0: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n-0002fec0: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3720 6372 630a 2d2d ..17.4.17 crc.--\n-0002fed0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-0002fee0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6372 6320 6172 6720 ommand: crc arg \n-0002fef0: 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 6c69 6173 2066 .... Alias f\n-0002ff00: 6f72 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 6d20 2d2d or ...hashsum --\n-0002ff10: 6861 7368 2063 7263 3332 2061 7267 202e hash crc32 arg .\n-0002ff20: 2e2e e280 992e 2020 5365 6520 636f 6d6d ...... See comm\n-0002ff30: 616e 6420 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d e280 and ...hashsum..\n-0002ff40: 990a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6861 .. (*note ha\n-0002ff50: 7368 7375 6d3a 3a29 2066 6f72 2066 756c shsum::) for ful\n-0002ff60: 6c20 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e2e 0a0a l description...\n-0002ff70: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-0002ff80: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6372 7970 746f o, Node: crypto\n-0002ff90: 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6375 mount, Next: cu\n-0002ffa0: 746d 656d 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 7263 tmem, Prev: crc\n-0002ffb0: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-0002ffc0: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-0002ffd0: 2e34 2e31 3820 6372 7970 746f 6d6f 756e .4.18 cryptomoun\n-0002ffe0: 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d t.--------------\n-0002fff0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-00030000: 6e64 3a20 6372 7970 746f 6d6f 756e 7420 nd: cryptomount \n-00030010: 5b20 5b2d 7020 7061 7373 776f 7264 5d20 [ [-p password] \n-00030020: 7c20 5b2d 6b20 6b65 7966 696c 6520 5b2d | [-k keyfile [-\n-00030030: 4f20 6b65 796f 6666 7365 745d 0a20 2020 O keyoffset]. \n-00030040: 2020 2020 2020 205b 2d53 206b 6579 7369 [-S keysi\n-00030050: 7a65 5d20 5d20 5d20 5b2d 4820 6669 6c65 ze] ] ] [-H file\n-00030060: 5d20 6465 7669 6365 7c2d 7520 7575 6964 ] device|-u uuid\n-00030070: 7c2d 617c 2d62 0a20 2020 2020 5365 7475 |-a|-b. Setu\n-00030080: 7020 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f20 656e 6372 p access to encr\n-00030090: 7970 7465 6420 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2041 ypted device. A\n-000300a0: 2070 6173 7370 6872 6173 6520 7769 6c6c passphrase will\n-000300b0: 2062 6520 7265 7175 6573 7465 640a 2020 be requested. \n-000300c0: 2020 2069 6e74 6572 6163 7469 7665 6c79 interactively\n-000300d0: 2c20 6966 206e 6569 7468 6572 2074 6865 , if neither the\n-000300e0: 20e2 8098 2d70 e280 9920 6e6f 7220 e280 ...-p... nor ..\n-000300f0: 982d 6be2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 .-k... options a\n-00030100: 7265 2067 6976 656e 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 re given. The. \n-00030110: 2020 2020 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d70 option ...-p\n-00030120: e280 9920 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 ... can be used \n-00030130: 746f 2073 7570 706c 7920 6120 7061 7373 to supply a pass\n-00030140: 7068 7261 7365 2028 7573 6566 756c 2066 phrase (useful f\n-00030150: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7363 7269 7074 7329 or. scripts)\n-00030160: 2e20 2041 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 6c79 . Alternatively\n-00030170: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d6b e280 9920 6f70 the ...-k... op\n-00030180: 7469 6f6e 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 tion can be used\n-00030190: 2074 6f20 7375 7070 6c79 2061 0a20 2020 to supply a. \n-000301a0: 2020 6b65 7966 696c 6520 7769 7468 206f keyfile with o\n-000301b0: 7074 696f 6e73 20e2 8098 2d4f e280 9920 ptions ...-O... \n-000301c0: 616e 6420 e280 982d 53e2 8099 206f 7074 and ...-S... opt\n-000301d0: 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 7375 7070 6c79 696e ionally supplyin\n-000301e0: 6720 7468 6520 6f66 6673 6574 0a20 2020 g the offset. \n-000301f0: 2020 616e 6420 7369 7a65 2c20 7265 7370 and size, resp\n-00030200: 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2c20 6f66 2074 6865 ectively, of the\n-00030210: 206b 6579 2064 6174 6120 696e 2074 6865 key data in the\n-00030220: 2067 6976 656e 206b 6579 2066 696c 652e given key file.\n-00030230: 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d48 The. ...-H\n-00030240: e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 6361 6e20 ... options can \n-00030250: 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2073 7570 706c be used to suppl\n-00030260: 7920 6372 7970 746f 6d6f 756e 7420 6261 y cryptomount ba\n-00030270: 636b 656e 6473 2077 6974 6820 616e 0a20 ckends with an. \n-00030280: 2020 2020 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 6520 alternative \n-00030290: 6865 6164 6572 2066 696c 6520 2861 6b61 header file (aka\n-000302a0: 2064 6574 6163 6865 6420 6865 6164 6572 detached header\n-000302b0: 292e 2020 4e6f 7420 616c 6c20 6261 636b ). Not all back\n-000302c0: 656e 6473 0a20 2020 2020 6861 7665 2068 ends. have h\n-000302d0: 6561 6465 7273 206e 6f72 2073 7570 706f eaders nor suppo\n-000302e0: 7274 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 2068 rt alternative h\n-000302f0: 6561 6465 7220 6669 6c65 7320 2863 7572 eader files (cur\n-00030300: 7265 6e74 6c79 206f 6e6c 790a 2020 2020 rently only. \n-00030310: 204c 554b 5331 2061 6e64 204c 554b 5332 LUKS1 and LUKS2\n-00030320: 2073 7570 706f 7274 2074 6865 6d29 2e20 support them). \n-00030330: 2041 7267 756d 656e 7420 4445 5649 4345 Argument DEVICE\n-00030340: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 7320 7370 6563 configures spec\n-00030350: 6966 6963 0a20 2020 2020 6772 7562 2064 ific. grub d\n-00030360: 6576 6963 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 204e 616d evice (*note Nam\n-00030370: 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 3a3a ing convention::\n-00030380: 293b 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 75e2 ); option ...-u.\n-00030390: 8099 2055 5549 440a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e .. UUID. con\n-000303a0: 6669 6775 7265 7320 6465 7669 6365 2077 figures device w\n-000303b0: 6974 6820 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 5555 ith specified UU\n-000303c0: 4944 3b20 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d61 ID; option ...-a\n-000303d0: e280 9920 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6573 2061 ... configures a\n-000303e0: 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 6465 7465 6374 6564 ll. detected\n-000303f0: 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2064 6576 6963 encrypted devic\n-00030400: 6573 3b20 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d62 es; option ...-b\n-00030410: e280 9920 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6573 2061 ... configures a\n-00030420: 6c6c 2067 656c 690a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e ll geli. con\n-00030430: 7461 696e 6572 7320 7468 6174 2068 6176 tainers that hav\n-00030440: 6520 626f 6f74 2066 6c61 6720 7365 742e e boot flag set.\n-00030450: 0a0a 2020 2020 2044 6576 6963 6573 2061 .. Devices a\n-00030460: 7265 206e 6f74 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2074 re not allowed t\n-00030470: 6f20 6265 2067 6976 656e 2061 7320 6b65 o be given as ke\n-00030480: 7920 6669 6c65 7320 6e6f 7220 6173 2064 y files nor as d\n-00030490: 6574 6163 6865 640a 2020 2020 2068 6561 etached. hea\n-000304a0: 6465 7220 6669 6c65 732e 2020 486f 7765 der files. Howe\n-000304b0: 7665 722c 2074 6869 7320 6c69 6d69 7461 ver, this limita\n-000304c0: 7469 6f6e 2063 616e 2062 6520 776f 726b tion can be work\n-000304d0: 6564 2061 726f 756e 6420 6279 0a20 2020 ed around by. \n-000304e0: 2020 7573 696e 6720 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 using blocklis\n-000304f0: 7420 7379 6e74 6178 2e20 2053 6f20 666f t syntax. So fo\n-00030500: 7220 696e 7374 616e 6365 2c20 e280 9828 r instance, ...(\n-00030510: 6864 312c 6770 7432 29e2 8099 2063 616e hd1,gpt2)... can\n-00030520: 206e 6f74 2062 650a 2020 2020 2075 7365 not be. use\n-00030530: 642c 2062 7574 20e2 8098 2868 6431 2c67 d, but ...(hd1,g\n-00030540: 7074 3229 302b e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2061 pt2)0+... will a\n-00030550: 6368 6965 7665 2074 6865 2064 6573 6972 chieve the desir\n-00030560: 6564 2072 6573 756c 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 ed result... \n-00030570: 2047 5255 4220 7375 706f 7274 7320 6465 GRUB suports de\n-00030580: 7669 6365 7320 656e 6372 7970 7465 6420 vices encrypted \n-00030590: 7573 696e 6720 4c55 4b53 2c20 4c55 4b53 using LUKS, LUKS\n-000305a0: 3220 616e 6420 6765 6c69 2e20 204e 6f74 2 and geli. Not\n-000305b0: 650a 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 6e65 6365 e. that nece\n-000305c0: 7373 6172 7920 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 284c ssary modules (L\n-000305d0: 554b 532c 204c 554b 5332 2061 6e64 2047 UKS, LUKS2 and G\n-000305e0: 454c 4929 2068 6176 6520 746f 2062 6520 ELI) have to be \n-000305f0: 6c6f 6164 6564 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6e75 loaded. manu\n-00030600: 616c 6c79 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7468 6973 ally before this\n-00030610: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2063 616e 2062 6520 command can be \n-00030620: 7573 6564 2e20 2046 6f72 204c 554b 5332 used. For LUKS2\n-00030630: 206f 6e6c 7920 7468 650a 2020 2020 2050 only the. P\n-00030640: 424b 4446 3220 6b65 7920 6465 7269 7661 BKDF2 key deriva\n-00030650: 7469 6f6e 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 6973 tion function is\n-00030660: 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 2c20 6173 2041 supported, as A\n-00030670: 7267 6f6e 3220 6973 206e 6f74 2079 6574 rgon2 is not yet\n-00030680: 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 6f72 7465 642e . supported.\n-00030690: 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 7563 6365 7373 6675 .. Successfu\n-000306a0: 6c6c 7920 6465 6372 7970 7465 6420 6469 lly decrypted di\n-000306b0: 736b 7320 6172 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 6173 sks are named as\n-000306c0: 2028 6372 7970 746f 5829 2061 6e64 2068 (cryptoX) and h\n-000306d0: 6176 650a 2020 2020 2069 6e63 7265 6173 ave. increas\n-000306e0: 696e 6720 6e75 6d65 7261 7469 6f6e 2073 ing numeration s\n-000306f0: 7566 6669 7820 666f 7220 6561 6368 206e uffix for each n\n-00030700: 6577 2064 6563 7279 7074 6564 2064 6973 ew decrypted dis\n-00030710: 6b2e 2020 4966 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 k. If the. \n-00030720: 656e 6372 7970 7465 6420 6469 736b 2068 encrypted disk h\n-00030730: 6f73 7473 2073 6f6d 6520 6869 6768 6572 osts some higher\n-00030740: 206c 6576 656c 206f 6620 6162 7374 7261 level of abstra\n-00030750: 6374 696f 6e20 286c 696b 6520 4c56 4d32 ction (like LVM2\n-00030760: 206f 720a 2020 2020 204d 4452 4149 4429 or. MDRAID)\n-00030770: 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6372 6561 it will be crea\n-00030780: 7465 6420 756e 6465 7220 6120 7365 7061 ted under a sepa\n-00030790: 7261 7465 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 rate device name\n-000307a0: 7370 6163 6520 696e 0a20 2020 2020 6164 space in. ad\n-000307b0: 6469 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6372 dition to the cr\n-000307c0: 7970 746f 6469 736b 206e 616d 6573 7061 yptodisk namespa\n-000307d0: 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5375 7070 6f72 ce... Suppor\n-000307e0: 7420 666f 7220 706c 6169 6e20 656e 6372 t for plain encr\n-000307f0: 7970 7469 6f6e 206d 6f64 6520 2870 6c61 yption mode (pla\n-00030800: 696e 2064 6d2d 6372 7970 7429 2069 7320 in dm-crypt) is \n-00030810: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2076 6961 0a20 2020 provided via. \n-00030820: 2020 7365 7061 7261 7465 20e2 8098 2a6e separate ...*n\n-00030830: 6f74 6520 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 3a3a ote plainmount::\n-00030840: e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a 1f0a ... command.....\n-00030850: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00030860: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6375 746d 656d 2c20 Node: cutmem, \n-00030870: 204e 6578 743a 2064 6174 652c 2020 5072 Next: date, Pr\n-00030880: 6576 3a20 6372 7970 746f 6d6f 756e 742c ev: cryptomount,\n-00030890: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-000308a0: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-000308b0: 342e 3139 2063 7574 6d65 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 4.19 cutmem.----\n-000308c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n-000308d0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 7574 6d65 6d20 Command: cutmem \n-000308e0: 6672 6f6d 5b4b 7c4d 7c47 5d20 746f 5b4b from[K|M|G] to[K\n-000308f0: 7c4d 7c47 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 656d 6f76 |M|G]. Remov\n-00030900: 6520 616e 7920 6d65 6d6f 7279 2072 6567 e any memory reg\n-00030910: 696f 6e73 2069 6e20 7370 6563 6966 6965 ions in specifie\n-00030920: 6420 7261 6e67 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 d range... T\n-00030930: 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6e6f 7469 his command noti\n-00030940: 6669 6573 2074 6865 206d 656d 6f72 7920 fies the memory \n-00030950: 6d61 6e61 6765 7220 7468 6174 2073 7065 manager that spe\n-00030960: 6369 6669 6564 2072 6567 696f 6e73 206f cified regions o\n-00030970: 660a 2020 2020 2052 414d 206f 7567 6874 f. RAM ought\n-00030980: 2074 6f20 6265 2066 696c 7465 7265 6420 to be filtered \n-00030990: 6f75 742e 2020 5468 6973 2072 656d 6169 out. This remai\n-000309a0: 6e73 2069 6e20 6566 6665 6374 2061 6674 ns in effect aft\n-000309b0: 6572 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7061 796c 6f61 er a. payloa\n-000309c0: 6420 6b65 726e 656c 2068 6173 2062 6565 d kernel has bee\n-000309d0: 6e20 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 n loaded by GRUB\n-000309e0: 2c20 6173 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 2074 6865 , as long as the\n-000309f0: 206c 6f61 6465 640a 2020 2020 206b 6572 loaded. ker\n-00030a00: 6e65 6c20 6f62 7461 696e 7320 6974 7320 nel obtains its \n-00030a10: 6d65 6d6f 7279 206d 6170 2066 726f 6d20 memory map from \n-00030a20: 4752 5542 2e20 4b65 726e 656c 7320 7468 GRUB. Kernels th\n-00030a30: 6174 2073 7570 706f 7274 2074 6869 730a at support this.\n-00030a40: 2020 2020 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 204c 696e include Lin\n-00030a50: 7578 2c20 474e 5520 4d61 6368 2c20 7468 ux, GNU Mach, th\n-00030a60: 6520 6b65 726e 656c 206f 6620 4672 6565 e kernel of Free\n-00030a70: 4253 4420 616e 6420 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f BSD and Multiboo\n-00030a80: 740a 2020 2020 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2069 t. kernels i\n-00030a90: 6e20 6765 6e65 7261 6c2e 0a0a 2020 2020 n general... \n-00030aa0: 2054 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 The command is \n-00030ab0: 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 746f 20e2 8098 6261 similar to ...ba\n-00030ac0: 6472 616d e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 642e dram... command.\n-00030ad0: 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 653a 2054 6865 .. Note: The\n-00030ae0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 command is not \n-00030af0: 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 7768 656e 206c 6f63 allowed when loc\n-00030b00: 6b64 6f77 6e20 6973 2065 6e66 6f72 6365 kdown is enforce\n-00030b10: 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f d (*note. Lo\n-00030b20: 636b 646f 776e 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 6973 ckdown::). This\n-00030b30: 2070 7265 7665 6e74 7320 7265 6d6f 7669 prevents removi\n-00030b40: 6e67 2045 4649 206d 656d 6f72 7920 7265 ng EFI memory re\n-00030b50: 6769 6f6e 7320 746f 0a20 2020 2020 706f gions to. po\n-00030b60: 7465 6e74 6961 6c6c 7920 7375 6276 6572 tentially subver\n-00030b70: 7420 7468 6520 7365 6375 7269 7479 206d t the security m\n-00030b80: 6563 6861 6e69 736d 7320 7072 6f76 6964 echanisms provid\n-00030b90: 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 5545 4649 0a20 ed by the UEFI. \n-00030ba0: 2020 2020 7365 6375 7265 2062 6f6f 742e secure boot.\n-00030bb0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00030bc0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6461 7465 nfo, Node: date\n-00030bd0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2064 6576 6963 6574 , Next: devicet\n-00030be0: 7265 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6375 746d ree, Prev: cutm\n-00030bf0: 656d 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 em, Up: Command\n-00030c00: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-00030c10: 3137 2e34 2e32 3020 6461 7465 0a2d 2d2d 17.4.20 date.---\n-00030c20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-00030c30: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6461 7465 205b 5b79 ommand: date [[y\n-00030c40: 6561 722d 5d6d 6f6e 7468 2d64 6179 5d20 ear-]month-day] \n-00030c50: 5b68 6f75 723a 6d69 6e75 7465 5b3a 7365 [hour:minute[:se\n-00030c60: 636f 6e64 5d5d 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 cond]]. With\n-00030c70: 206e 6f20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732c 2070 no arguments, p\n-00030c80: 7269 6e74 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 rint the current\n-00030c90: 2064 6174 6520 616e 6420 7469 6d65 2e0a date and time..\n-00030ca0: 0a20 2020 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c . Otherwise,\n-00030cb0: 2074 616b 6520 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e take the curren\n-00030cc0: 7420 6461 7465 2061 6e64 2074 696d 652c t date and time,\n-00030cd0: 2063 6861 6e67 6520 616e 7920 656c 656d change any elem\n-00030ce0: 656e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 ents. specif\n-00030cf0: 6965 6420 6173 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 ied as arguments\n-00030d00: 2c20 616e 6420 7365 7420 7468 6520 7265 , and set the re\n-00030d10: 7375 6c74 2061 7320 7468 6520 6e65 7720 sult as the new \n-00030d20: 6461 7465 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7469 date and. ti\n-00030d30: 6d65 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 me. For example\n-00030d40: 2c20 2764 6174 6520 3031 2d30 3127 2077 , 'date 01-01' w\n-00030d50: 696c 6c20 7365 7420 7468 6520 6375 7272 ill set the curr\n-00030d60: 656e 7420 6d6f 6e74 6820 616e 6420 6461 ent month and da\n-00030d70: 790a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 4a61 6e75 6172 y. to Januar\n-00030d80: 7920 312c 2062 7574 206c 6561 7665 2074 y 1, but leave t\n-00030d90: 6865 2079 6561 722c 2068 6f75 722c 206d he year, hour, m\n-00030da0: 696e 7574 652c 2061 6e64 2073 6563 6f6e inute, and secon\n-00030db0: 640a 2020 2020 2075 6e63 6861 6e67 6564 d. unchanged\n-00030dc0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00030dd0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2064 6576 info, Node: dev\n-00030de0: 6963 6574 7265 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 icetree, Next: \n-00030df0: 6469 7374 7275 7374 2c20 2050 7265 763a distrust, Prev:\n-00030e00: 2064 6174 652c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d date, Up: Comm\n-00030e10: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n-00030e20: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3231 2064 6576 6963 s..17.4.21 devic\n-00030e30: 6574 7265 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d etree.----------\n-00030e40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-00030e50: 6d6d 616e 643a 2064 6576 6963 6574 7265 mmand: devicetre\n-00030e60: 6520 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 e file. Load\n-00030e70: 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 7472 6565 2062 a device tree b\n-00030e80: 6c6f 6220 282e 6474 6229 2066 726f 6d20 lob (.dtb) from \n-00030e90: 6120 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2c20 666f a filesystem, fo\n-00030ea0: 7220 6c61 7465 7220 7573 6520 6279 0a20 r later use by. \n-00030eb0: 2020 2020 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 726e a Linux kern\n-00030ec0: 656c 2e20 2044 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 7065 el. Does not pe\n-00030ed0: 7266 6f72 6d20 6d65 7267 696e 6720 7769 rform merging wi\n-00030ee0: 7468 2061 6e79 2064 6576 6963 6520 7472 th any device tr\n-00030ef0: 6565 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 6c69 6564 ee. supplied\n-00030f00: 2062 7920 6669 726d 7761 7265 2c20 6275 by firmware, bu\n-00030f10: 7420 7261 7468 6572 2072 6570 6c61 6365 t rather replace\n-00030f20: 7320 6974 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 656c 792e s it completely.\n-00030f30: 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 653a 2054 6865 .. Note: The\n-00030f40: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 command is not \n-00030f50: 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 7768 656e 206c 6f63 allowed when loc\n-00030f60: 6b64 6f77 6e20 6973 2065 6e66 6f72 6365 kdown is enforce\n-00030f70: 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f d (*note. Lo\n-00030f80: 636b 646f 776e 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 6973 ckdown::). This\n-00030f90: 2069 7320 646f 6e65 2074 6f20 7072 6576 is done to prev\n-00030fa0: 656e 7420 7375 6276 6572 7469 6e67 2076 ent subverting v\n-00030fb0: 6172 696f 7573 2073 6563 7572 6974 790a arious security.\n-00030fc0: 2020 2020 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 732e mechanisms.\n-00030fd0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00030fe0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6469 7374 nfo, Node: dist\n-00030ff0: 7275 7374 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2064 7269 rust, Next: dri\n-00031000: 7665 6d61 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6465 vemap, Prev: de\n-00031010: 7669 6365 7472 6565 2c20 2055 703a 2043 vicetree, Up: C\n-00031020: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n-00031030: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 3220 6469 ands..17.4.22 di\n-00031040: 7374 7275 7374 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d strust.---------\n-00031050: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n-00031060: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6469 7374 7275 7374 2070 mand: distrust p\n-00031070: 7562 6b65 795f 6964 0a20 2020 2020 5265 ubkey_id. Re\n-00031080: 6d6f 7665 2070 7562 6c69 6320 6b65 7920 move public key \n-00031090: 5055 424b 4559 5f49 4420 6672 6f6d 2047 PUBKEY_ID from G\n-000310a0: 5255 4227 7320 6b65 7972 696e 6720 6f66 RUB's keyring of\n-000310b0: 2074 7275 7374 6564 206b 6579 732e 0a20 trusted keys.. \n-000310c0: 2020 2020 5055 424b 4559 5f49 4420 6973 PUBKEY_ID is\n-000310d0: 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 666f 7572 2062 the last four b\n-000310e0: 7974 6573 2028 6569 6768 7420 6865 7861 ytes (eight hexa\n-000310f0: 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 6469 6769 7473 2920 decimal digits) \n-00031100: 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 4750 4720 of the. GPG \n-00031110: 7634 206b 6579 2069 642c 2077 6869 6368 v4 key id, which\n-00031120: 2069 7320 616c 736f 2074 6865 206f 7574 is also the out\n-00031130: 7075 7420 6f66 20e2 8098 6c69 7374 5f74 put of ...list_t\n-00031140: 7275 7374 6564 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 rusted... (*note\n-00031150: 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 . list_trust\n-00031160: 6564 3a3a 292e 2020 4f75 7473 6964 6520 ed::). Outside \n-00031170: 6f66 2047 5255 422c 2074 6865 206b 6579 of GRUB, the key\n-00031180: 2069 6420 6361 6e20 6265 206f 6274 6169 id can be obtai\n-00031190: 6e65 6420 7573 696e 670a 2020 2020 20e2 ned using. .\n-000311a0: 8098 6770 6720 2d2d 6669 6e67 6572 7072 ..gpg --fingerpr\n-000311b0: 696e 74e2 8099 292e 2020 5468 6573 6520 int...). These \n-000311c0: 6b65 7973 2061 7265 2075 7365 6420 746f keys are used to\n-000311d0: 2076 616c 6964 6174 6520 7369 676e 6174 validate signat\n-000311e0: 7572 6573 0a20 2020 2020 7768 656e 2065 ures. when e\n-000311f0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-00031200: 626c 6520 e280 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 ble ...check_sig\n-00031210: 6e61 7475 7265 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 natures... is se\n-00031220: 7420 746f 20e2 8098 656e 666f 7263 65e2 t to ...enforce.\n-00031230: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2063 ... (*note c\n-00031240: 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a heck_signatures:\n-00031250: 3a29 2c20 616e 6420 6279 2073 6f6d 6520 :), and by some \n-00031260: 696e 766f 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 0a20 invocations of. \n-00031270: 2020 2020 e280 9876 6572 6966 795f 6465 ...verify_de\n-00031280: 7461 6368 6564 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 tached... (*note\n-00031290: 2076 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 verify_detached\n-000312a0: 3a3a 292e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5573 696e ::). *Note Usin\n-000312b0: 6720 6469 6769 7461 6c0a 2020 2020 2073 g digital. s\n-000312c0: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a2c 2066 6f72 ignatures::, for\n-000312d0: 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f more informatio\n-000312e0: 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 n.....File: grub\n-000312f0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6472 .info, Node: dr\n-00031300: 6976 656d 6170 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2065 ivemap, Next: e\n-00031310: 6368 6f2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6469 7374 cho, Prev: dist\n-00031320: 7275 7374 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 rust, Up: Comma\n-00031330: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n-00031340: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 3320 6472 6976 656d ..17.4.23 drivem\n-00031350: 6170 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ap.-------------\n-00031360: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-00031370: 3a20 6472 6976 656d 6170 202d 6c7c 2d72 : drivemap -l|-r\n-00031380: 7c5b 2d73 5d20 6672 6f6d 5f64 7269 7665 |[-s] from_drive\n-00031390: 2074 6f5f 6472 6976 650a 2020 2020 2057 to_drive. W\n-000313a0: 6974 686f 7574 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2c20 ithout options, \n-000313b0: 6d61 7020 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 4652 map the drive FR\n-000313c0: 4f4d 5f44 5249 5645 2074 6f20 7468 6520 OM_DRIVE to the \n-000313d0: 6472 6976 6520 544f 5f44 5249 5645 2e0a drive TO_DRIVE..\n-000313e0: 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6973 206e 6563 This is nec\n-000313f0: 6573 7361 7279 2077 6865 6e20 796f 7520 essary when you \n-00031400: 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 2073 6f6d 6520 chain-load some \n-00031410: 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d operating system\n-00031420: 732c 2073 7563 680a 2020 2020 2061 7320 s, such. as \n-00031430: 444f 532c 2069 6620 7375 6368 2061 6e20 DOS, if such an \n-00031440: 4f53 2072 6573 6964 6573 2061 7420 6120 OS resides at a \n-00031450: 6e6f 6e2d 6669 7273 7420 6472 6976 652e non-first drive.\n-00031460: 2020 466f 720a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7665 For. conve\n-00031470: 6e69 656e 6365 2c20 616e 7920 7061 7274 nience, any part\n-00031480: 6974 696f 6e20 7375 6666 6978 206f 6e20 ition suffix on \n-00031490: 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 6973 2069 676e the drive is ign\n-000314a0: 6f72 6564 2c20 736f 2079 6f75 0a20 2020 ored, so you. \n-000314b0: 2020 6361 6e20 7361 6665 6c79 2075 7365 can safely use\n-000314c0: 2024 7b72 6f6f 747d 2061 7320 6120 6472 ${root} as a dr\n-000314d0: 6976 6520 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f ive specificatio\n-000314e0: 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 7468 n... With th\n-000314f0: 6520 e280 982d 73e2 8099 206f 7074 696f e ...-s... optio\n-00031500: 6e2c 2070 6572 666f 726d 2074 6865 2072 n, perform the r\n-00031510: 6576 6572 7365 206d 6170 7069 6e67 2061 everse mapping a\n-00031520: 7320 7765 6c6c 2c20 7377 6170 7069 6e67 s well, swapping\n-00031530: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 7477 6f20 6472 . the two dr\n-00031540: 6976 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 ives... With\n-00031550: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d6c e280 9920 6f70 the ...-l... op\n-00031560: 7469 6f6e 2c20 6c69 7374 2074 6865 2063 tion, list the c\n-00031570: 7572 7265 6e74 206d 6170 7069 6e67 732e urrent mappings.\n-00031580: 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 7468 6520 .. With the \n-00031590: e280 982d 72e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e2c ...-r... option,\n-000315a0: 2072 6573 6574 2061 6c6c 206d 6170 7069 reset all mappi\n-000315b0: 6e67 7320 746f 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 ngs to the defau\n-000315c0: 6c74 2076 616c 7565 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 lt values... \n-000315d0: 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 For example:.. \n-000315e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 7269 7665 6d61 drivema\n-000315f0: 7020 2d73 2028 6864 3029 2028 6864 3129 p -s (hd0) (hd1)\n-00031600: 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 4f54 453a 204f 6e6c .. NOTE: Onl\n-00031610: 7920 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 2069 y available on i\n-00031620: 3338 362d 7063 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 386-pc.....File:\n-00031630: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-00031640: 653a 2065 6368 6f2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 e: echo, Next: \n-00031650: 6566 6974 6578 746d 6f64 652c 2020 5072 efitextmode, Pr\n-00031660: 6576 3a20 6472 6976 656d 6170 2c20 2055 ev: drivemap, U\n-00031670: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n-00031680: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 commands..17.4.2\n-00031690: 3420 6563 686f 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 4 echo.---------\n-000316a0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-000316b0: 3a20 6563 686f 205b 2d6e 5d20 5b2d 655d : echo [-n] [-e]\n-000316c0: 2073 7472 696e 6720 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 string .... \n-000316d0: 2044 6973 706c 6179 2074 6865 2072 6571 Display the req\n-000316e0: 7565 7374 6564 2074 6578 7420 616e 642c uested text and,\n-000316f0: 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 7468 6520 e280 982d unless the ...-\n-00031700: 6ee2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 2075 n... option is u\n-00031710: 7365 642c 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7472 6169 sed, a. trai\n-00031720: 6c69 6e67 206e 6577 206c 696e 652e 2020 ling new line. \n-00031730: 4966 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 6d6f 7265 If there is more\n-00031740: 2074 6861 6e20 6f6e 6520 7374 7269 6e67 than one string\n-00031750: 2c20 7468 6579 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 , they are. \n-00031760: 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2073 7061 separated by spa\n-00031770: 6365 7320 696e 2074 6865 206f 7574 7075 ces in the outpu\n-00031780: 742e 2020 4173 2075 7375 616c 2069 6e20 t. As usual in \n-00031790: 4752 5542 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c 0a20 GRUB commands,. \n-000317a0: 2020 2020 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6d61 variables ma\n-000317b0: 7920 6265 2073 7562 7374 6974 7574 6564 y be substituted\n-000317c0: 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 247b 7661 727d using ...${var}\n-000317d0: e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 20e2 ...... The .\n-000317e0: 8098 2d65 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2065 ..-e... option e\n-000317f0: 6e61 626c 6573 2069 6e74 6572 7072 6574 nables interpret\n-00031800: 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2062 6163 6b73 6c61 ation of backsla\n-00031810: 7368 2065 7363 6170 6573 2e20 2054 6865 sh escapes. The\n-00031820: 0a20 2020 2020 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 . following \n-00031830: 7365 7175 656e 6365 7320 6172 6520 7265 sequences are re\n-00031840: 636f 676e 6973 6564 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 cognised:.. \n-00031850: e280 985c 5ce2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ...\\\\.... \n-00031860: 2020 2062 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 0a0a 2020 backslash.. \n-00031870: 2020 20e2 8098 5c61 e280 990a 2020 2020 ...\\a.... \n-00031880: 2020 2020 2020 616c 6572 7420 2842 454c alert (BEL\n-00031890: 290a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 985c 63e2 8099 ).. ...\\c...\n-000318a0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7570 7072 . suppr\n-000318b0: 6573 7320 7472 6169 6c69 6e67 206e 6577 ess trailing new\n-000318c0: 206c 696e 650a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 985c line.. ...\\\n-000318d0: 66e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 f.... f\n-000318e0: 6f72 6d20 6665 6564 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 orm feed.. .\n-000318f0: 8098 5c6e e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ..\\n.... \n-00031900: 2020 6e65 7720 6c69 6e65 0a0a 2020 2020 new line.. \n-00031910: 20e2 8098 5c72 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 ...\\r.... \n-00031920: 2020 2020 6361 7272 6961 6765 2072 6574 carriage ret\n-00031930: 7572 6e0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 985c 74e2 urn.. ...\\t.\n-00031940: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 6f72 ... hor\n-00031950: 697a 6f6e 7461 6c20 7461 620a 0a20 2020 izontal tab.. \n-00031960: 2020 e280 985c 76e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 ...\\v.... \n-00031970: 2020 2020 2076 6572 7469 6361 6c20 7461 vertical ta\n-00031980: 620a 0a20 2020 2020 5768 656e 2069 6e74 b.. When int\n-00031990: 6572 7072 6574 696e 6720 6261 636b 736c erpreting backsl\n-000319a0: 6173 6820 6573 6361 7065 732c 2062 6163 ash escapes, bac\n-000319b0: 6b73 6c61 7368 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 kslash followed \n-000319c0: 6279 2061 6e79 0a20 2020 2020 6f74 6865 by any. othe\n-000319d0: 7220 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 7769 6c6c r character will\n-000319e0: 2070 7269 6e74 2074 6861 7420 6368 6172 print that char\n-000319f0: 6163 7465 722e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 acter.....File: \n-00031a00: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00031a10: 3a20 6566 6974 6578 746d 6f64 652c 2020 : efitextmode, \n-00031a20: 4e65 7874 3a20 6576 616c 2c20 2050 7265 Next: eval, Pre\n-00031a30: 763a 2065 6368 6f2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f v: echo, Up: Co\n-00031a40: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n-00031a50: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3235 2065 6669 nds..17.4.25 efi\n-00031a60: 7465 7874 6d6f 6465 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d textmode.-------\n-00031a70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-00031a80: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2065 6669 7465 - Command: efite\n-00031a90: 7874 6d6f 6465 205b 6d69 6e20 7c20 6d61 xtmode [min | ma\n-00031aa0: 7820 7c20 3c6d 6f64 655f 6e75 6d3e 207c x | |\n-00031ab0: 203c 636f 6c73 3e20 3c72 6f77 733e 5d0a ].\n-00031ac0: 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 7573 6564 2077 When used w\n-00031ad0: 6974 6820 6e6f 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 ith no arguments\n-00031ae0: 2064 6973 706c 6179 7320 616c 6c20 6176 displays all av\n-00031af0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7465 7874 206f 7574 ailable text out\n-00031b00: 7075 740a 2020 2020 206d 6f64 6573 2e20 put. modes. \n-00031b10: 2054 6865 2073 6574 206d 6f64 6520 6465 The set mode de\n-00031b20: 7465 726d 696e 6573 2074 6865 2063 6f6c termines the col\n-00031b30: 756d 6e73 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 6f66 umns and rows of\n-00031b40: 2074 6865 2074 6578 740a 2020 2020 2064 the text. d\n-00031b50: 6973 706c 6179 2077 6865 6e20 696e 2074 isplay when in t\n-00031b60: 6578 7420 6d6f 6465 2e20 2041 6e20 6173 ext mode. An as\n-00031b70: 7465 7269 736b 2c20 e280 982a e280 992c terisk, ...*...,\n-00031b80: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2061 7420 7468 6520 will be at the \n-00031b90: 656e 6420 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 end of. the \n-00031ba0: 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 6375 7272 line of the curr\n-00031bb0: 656e 746c 7920 7365 7420 6d6f 6465 2e0a ently set mode..\n-00031bc0: 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2067 6976 656e 2061 . If given a\n-00031bd0: 2073 696e 676c 6520 7061 7261 6d65 7465 single paramete\n-00031be0: 722c 2069 7420 6d75 7374 2062 6520 e280 r, it must be ..\n-00031bf0: 986d 696e e280 992c 20e2 8098 6d61 78e2 .min..., ...max.\n-00031c00: 8099 2c20 6f72 2061 206d 6f64 650a 2020 .., or a mode. \n-00031c10: 2020 206e 756d 6265 7220 6769 7665 6e20 number given \n-00031c20: 6279 2074 6865 206c 6973 7469 6e67 2077 by the listing w\n-00031c30: 6865 6e20 7275 6e20 7769 7468 206e 6f20 hen run with no \n-00031c40: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732e 2020 5468 6573 arguments. Thes\n-00031c50: 650a 2020 2020 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 e. arguments\n-00031c60: 2073 6574 2074 6865 206d 6f64 6520 746f set the mode to\n-00031c70: 2074 6865 206d 696e 696d 756d 2c20 6d61 the minimum, ma\n-00031c80: 7869 6d75 6d2c 2061 6e64 2070 6172 7469 ximum, and parti\n-00031c90: 6375 6c61 7220 6d6f 6465 0a20 2020 2020 cular mode. \n-00031ca0: 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2e0a 0a20 respectively... \n-00031cb0: 2020 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c 2074 Otherwise, t\n-00031cc0: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206d 7573 7420 he command must \n-00031cd0: 6265 2067 6976 656e 2074 776f 206e 756d be given two num\n-00031ce0: 6572 6963 616c 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 erical arguments\n-00031cf0: 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 . specifying\n-00031d00: 2074 6865 2063 6f6c 756d 6e73 2061 6e64 the columns and\n-00031d10: 2072 6f77 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6573 rows of the des\n-00031d20: 6972 6564 206d 6f64 652e 2020 5370 6563 ired mode. Spec\n-00031d30: 6966 7969 6e67 2061 0a20 2020 2020 636f ifying a. co\n-00031d40: 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e 6420 726f 7773 2063 lumns and rows c\n-00031d50: 6f6d 6269 6e61 7469 6f6e 2074 6861 7420 ombination that \n-00031d60: 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 7320 746f 206e corresponds to n\n-00031d70: 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6d6f 6465 o supported mode\n-00031d80: 2c0a 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 7265 7475 ,. will retu\n-00031d90: 726e 2065 7272 6f72 2c20 6275 7420 6f74 rn error, but ot\n-00031da0: 6865 7277 6973 6520 6861 7665 206e 6f20 herwise have no \n-00031db0: 6566 6665 6374 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4279 effect... By\n-00031dc0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2047 5255 4220 7769 default GRUB wi\n-00031dd0: 6c6c 2073 7461 7274 2069 6e20 7768 6174 ll start in what\n-00031de0: 6576 6572 206d 6f64 6520 7468 6520 4546 ever mode the EF\n-00031df0: 4920 6669 726d 7761 7265 0a20 2020 2020 I firmware. \n-00031e00: 6465 6661 756c 7473 2074 6f2e 2020 5468 defaults to. Th\n-00031e10: 6572 6520 6172 6520 6669 726d 7761 7265 ere are firmware\n-00031e20: 7320 6b6e 6f77 6e20 746f 2073 6574 2075 s known to set u\n-00031e30: 7020 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6d6f p the default mo\n-00031e40: 6465 0a20 2020 2020 7375 6368 2074 6861 de. such tha\n-00031e50: 7420 6f75 7470 7574 2062 6568 6176 6573 t output behaves\n-00031e60: 2073 7472 616e 6765 6c79 2c20 666f 7220 strangely, for \n-00031e70: 6578 616d 706c 6520 7468 6520 6375 7273 example the curs\n-00031e80: 6f72 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2047 or in the. G\n-00031e90: 5255 4220 7368 656c 6c20 6e65 7665 7220 RUB shell never \n-00031ea0: 7265 6163 6865 7320 7468 6520 626f 7474 reaches the bott\n-00031eb0: 6f6d 206f 6620 7468 6520 7363 7265 656e om of the screen\n-00031ec0: 206f 722c 2077 6865 6e20 7479 7069 6e67 or, when typing\n-00031ed0: 0a20 2020 2020 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 . characters\n-00031ee0: 2061 7420 7468 6520 7072 6f6d 7074 2c20 at the prompt, \n-00031ef0: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2066 726f 6d20 characters from \n-00031f00: 7072 6576 696f 7573 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 previous command\n-00031f10: 206f 7574 7075 740a 2020 2020 2061 7265 output. are\n-00031f20: 206f 7665 7277 7269 7474 656e 2e20 2053 overwritten. S\n-00031f30: 6574 7469 6e67 2074 6865 206d 6f64 6520 etting the mode \n-00031f40: 6d61 7920 6669 7820 7468 6973 2e0a 0a20 may fix this... \n-00031f50: 2020 2020 5468 6520 4546 4920 7370 6563 The EFI spec\n-00031f60: 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7361 7973 2074 ification says t\n-00031f70: 6861 7420 6d6f 6465 2030 206d 7573 7420 hat mode 0 must \n-00031f80: 6265 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 be available and\n-00031f90: 2068 6176 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6c 756d have. colum\n-00031fa0: 6e73 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 6f66 2038 ns and rows of 8\n-00031fb0: 3020 616e 6420 3235 2072 6573 7065 6374 0 and 25 respect\n-00031fc0: 6976 656c 792e 2020 4d6f 6465 2031 206d ively. Mode 1 m\n-00031fd0: 6179 2062 6520 6465 6669 6e65 640a 2020 ay be defined. \n-00031fe0: 2020 2061 6e64 2069 6620 736f 206d 7573 and if so mus\n-00031ff0: 7420 6861 7665 2063 6f6c 756d 6e73 2061 t have columns a\n-00032000: 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 6f66 2038 3020 616e nd rows of 80 an\n-00032010: 6420 3530 2072 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c d 50 respectivel\n-00032020: 792e 0a20 2020 2020 416e 7920 6f74 6865 y.. Any othe\n-00032030: 7220 6d6f 6465 7320 6d61 7920 6861 7665 r modes may have\n-00032040: 2063 6f6c 756d 6e73 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 columns and row\n-00032050: 7320 6172 6269 7472 6172 696c 7920 6465 s arbitrarily de\n-00032060: 6669 6e65 6420 6279 0a20 2020 2020 7468 fined by. th\n-00032070: 6520 6669 726d 7761 7265 2e20 2054 6869 e firmware. Thi\n-00032080: 7320 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 2061 206d s means that a m\n-00032090: 6f64 6520 7769 7468 2063 6f6c 756d 6e73 ode with columns\n-000320a0: 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 6f66 2031 3030 and rows of 100\n-000320b0: 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 3331 206f 6e20 . and 31 on \n-000320c0: 6f6e 6520 6669 726d 7761 7265 206d 6179 one firmware may\n-000320d0: 2062 6520 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 be a different \n-000320e0: 6d6f 6465 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f6e 2061 mode number on a\n-000320f0: 0a20 2020 2020 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 . different \n-00032100: 6669 726d 7761 7265 206f 7220 6e6f 7420 firmware or not \n-00032110: 6578 6973 7420 6174 2061 6c6c 2e20 204c exist at all. L\n-00032120: 696b 6577 6973 652c 206d 6f64 6520 6e75 ikewise, mode nu\n-00032130: 6d62 6572 2032 206f 6e0a 2020 2020 206f mber 2 on. o\n-00032140: 6e65 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6520 6d61 7920 ne firmware may \n-00032150: 6861 7665 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 have a different\n-00032160: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2063 6f6c 756d number of colum\n-00032170: 6e73 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 7468 616e ns and rows than\n-00032180: 0a20 2020 2020 6d6f 6465 2032 206f 6e20 . mode 2 on \n-00032190: 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 6669 726d a different firm\n-000321a0: 7761 7265 2e20 2053 6f20 6f6e 6520 7368 ware. So one sh\n-000321b0: 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2072 656c 7920 6f6e ould not rely on\n-000321c0: 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7274 6963 756c a. particul\n-000321d0: 6172 206d 6f64 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f ar mode number o\n-000321e0: 7220 6120 6d6f 6465 206f 6620 6120 6365 r a mode of a ce\n-000321f0: 7274 6169 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 rtain number of \n-00032200: 636f 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e 640a 2020 2020 columns and. \n-00032210: 2072 6f77 7320 6578 6973 7469 6e67 206f rows existing o\n-00032220: 6e20 616c 6c20 6669 726d 7761 7265 732c n all firmwares,\n-00032230: 2065 7863 6570 7420 666f 7220 6d6f 6465 except for mode\n-00032240: 2030 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 0... Note: \n-00032250: 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 This command is \n-00032260: 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f only available o\n-00032270: 6e20 4546 4920 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 n EFI platforms \n-00032280: 616e 6420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7369 6d69 and is. simi\n-00032290: 6c61 7220 746f 2045 4649 2073 6865 6c6c lar to EFI shell\n-000322a0: 2022 6d6f 6465 2220 636f 6d6d 616e 642e \"mode\" command.\n-000322b0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-000322c0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6576 616c nfo, Node: eval\n-000322d0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2065 7870 6f72 742c , Next: export,\n-000322e0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6566 6974 6578 746d Prev: efitextm\n-000322f0: 6f64 652c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e ode, Up: Comman\n-00032300: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n-00032310: 0a31 372e 342e 3236 2065 7661 6c0a 2d2d .17.4.26 eval.--\n-00032320: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n-00032330: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2065 7661 6c20 7374 Command: eval st\n-00032340: 7269 6e67 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 436f ring .... Co\n-00032350: 6e63 6174 656e 6174 6520 6172 6775 6d65 ncatenate argume\n-00032360: 6e74 7320 746f 6765 7468 6572 2075 7369 nts together usi\n-00032370: 6e67 2073 696e 676c 6520 7370 6163 6520 ng single space \n-00032380: 6173 2073 6570 6172 6174 6f72 2061 6e64 as separator and\n-00032390: 0a20 2020 2020 6576 616c 7561 7465 2072 . evaluate r\n-000323a0: 6573 756c 7420 6173 2073 6571 7565 6e63 esult as sequenc\n-000323b0: 6520 6f66 2047 5255 4220 636f 6d6d 616e e of GRUB comman\n-000323c0: 6473 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ds.....File: gru\n-000323d0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2065 b.info, Node: e\n-000323e0: 7870 6f72 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6661 xport, Next: fa\n-000323f0: 6c73 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6576 616c lse, Prev: eval\n-00032400: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-00032410: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-00032420: 2e34 2e32 3720 6578 706f 7274 0a2d 2d2d .4.27 export.---\n-00032430: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n-00032440: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6578 706f 7274 Command: export\n-00032450: 2065 6e76 7661 720a 2020 2020 2045 7870 envvar. Exp\n-00032460: 6f72 7420 7468 6520 656e 7669 726f 6e6d ort the environm\n-00032470: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2045 4e56 ent variable ENV\n-00032480: 5641 522e 2020 4578 706f 7274 6564 2076 VAR. Exported v\n-00032490: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2061 7265 0a20 2020 ariables are. \n-000324a0: 2020 7669 7369 626c 6520 746f 2073 7562 visible to sub\n-000324b0: 7369 6469 6172 7920 636f 6e66 6967 7572 sidiary configur\n-000324c0: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 6c6f 6164 ation files load\n-000324d0: 6564 2075 7369 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 e280 ed using. ..\n-000324e0: 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 2e0a .configfile.....\n-000324f0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00032500: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2066 616c 7365 fo, Node: false\n-00032510: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2066 7773 6574 7570 , Next: fwsetup\n-00032520: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2065 7870 6f72 742c , Prev: export,\n-00032530: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-00032540: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-00032550: 342e 3238 2066 616c 7365 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 4.28 false.-----\n-00032560: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-00032570: 6d6d 616e 643a 2066 616c 7365 0a20 2020 mmand: false. \n-00032580: 2020 446f 206e 6f74 6869 6e67 2c20 756e Do nothing, un\n-00032590: 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2e20 2054 successfully. T\n-000325a0: 6869 7320 6973 206d 6169 6e6c 7920 7573 his is mainly us\n-000325b0: 6566 756c 2069 6e20 636f 6e74 726f 6c0a eful in control.\n-000325c0: 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 7320 constructs \n-000325d0: 7375 6368 2061 7320 e280 9869 66e2 8099 such as ...if...\n-000325e0: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 7768 696c 65e2 8099 and ...while...\n-000325f0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 (*note Shell-li\n-00032600: 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 3a3a 292e ke scripting::).\n-00032610: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00032620: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6677 7365 nfo, Node: fwse\n-00032630: 7475 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6764 6269 tup, Next: gdbi\n-00032640: 6e66 6f2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6661 6c73 nfo, Prev: fals\n-00032650: 652c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d e, Up: Command-\n-00032660: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n-00032670: 372e 342e 3239 2066 7773 6574 7570 0a2d 7.4.29 fwsetup.-\n-00032680: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-00032690: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2066 7773 -- Command: fws\n-000326a0: 6574 7570 205b 2d2d 6973 2d73 7570 706f etup [--is-suppo\n-000326b0: 7274 6564 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 6562 6f6f rted]. Reboo\n-000326c0: 7420 696e 746f 2074 6865 2066 6972 6d77 t into the firmw\n-000326d0: 6172 6520 7365 7475 7020 6d65 6e75 2e20 are setup menu. \n-000326e0: 2049 6620 e280 982d 2d69 732d 7375 7070 If ...--is-supp\n-000326f0: 6f72 7465 64e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 orted... option \n-00032700: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 6965 is. specifie\n-00032710: 642c 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2063 6865 636b d, instead check\n-00032720: 2077 6865 7468 6572 2074 6865 2066 6972 whether the fir\n-00032730: 6d77 6172 6520 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2061 mware supports a\n-00032740: 2073 6574 7570 206d 656e 750a 2020 2020 setup menu. \n-00032750: 2061 6e64 2065 7869 7420 7375 6363 6573 and exit succes\n-00032760: 7366 756c 6c79 2069 6620 736f 2e0a 0a1f sfully if so....\n-00032770: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00032780: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2067 6462 696e 666f , Node: gdbinfo\n-00032790: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2067 6574 7465 7874 , Next: gettext\n-000327a0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2066 7773 6574 7570 , Prev: fwsetup\n-000327b0: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-000327c0: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-000327d0: 2e34 2e33 3020 6764 6269 6e66 6f0a 2d2d .4.30 gdbinfo.--\n-000327e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n-000327f0: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6764 6269 -- Command: gdbi\n-00032800: 6e66 6f0a 2020 2020 204f 7574 7075 7420 nfo. Output \n-00032810: 7465 7874 2074 6f20 6265 2075 7365 6420 text to be used \n-00032820: 6173 2061 2047 4442 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 as a GDB command\n-00032830: 2066 6f72 2061 2047 4442 2073 6573 7369 for a GDB sessi\n-00032840: 6f6e 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 on using the. \n-00032850: 2020 6764 625f 6772 7562 2073 6372 6970 gdb_grub scrip\n-00032860: 7420 616e 6420 6174 7461 6368 6564 2074 t and attached t\n-00032870: 6f20 6120 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 4752 5542 o a running GRUB\n-00032880: 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 652e 2020 5468 6520 instance. The \n-00032890: 4744 420a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 GDB. command\n-000328a0: 2074 6861 7420 6973 206f 7574 7075 7420 that is output \n-000328b0: 7769 6c6c 2074 656c 6c20 4744 4220 686f will tell GDB ho\n-000328c0: 7720 746f 206c 6f61 6420 6465 6275 6767 w to load debugg\n-000328d0: 696e 6720 7379 6d62 6f6c 730a 2020 2020 ing symbols. \n-000328e0: 2074 6f20 7468 6569 7220 7072 6f70 6572 to their proper\n-000328f0: 2072 756e 7469 6d65 2061 6464 7265 7373 runtime address\n-00032900: 2e20 2043 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2074 6869 . Currently thi\n-00032910: 7320 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 s is only availa\n-00032920: 626c 650a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2045 4649 ble. for EFI\n-00032930: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2e20 2053 6565 platforms. See\n-00032940: 2074 6865 2044 6562 7567 6769 6e67 2069 the Debugging i\n-00032950: 6e20 7468 6520 6465 7665 6c6f 7065 720a n the developer.\n-00032960: 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 documentati\n-00032970: 6f6e 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f on for more info\n-00032980: 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 rmation.....File\n-00032990: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-000329a0: 6465 3a20 6765 7474 6578 742c 2020 4e65 de: gettext, Ne\n-000329b0: 7874 3a20 6770 7473 796e 632c 2020 5072 xt: gptsync, Pr\n-000329c0: 6576 3a20 6764 6269 6e66 6f2c 2020 5570 ev: gdbinfo, Up\n-000329d0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n-000329e0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3331 ommands..17.4.31\n-000329f0: 2067 6574 7465 7874 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d gettext.-------\n-00032a00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-00032a10: 6d6d 616e 643a 2067 6574 7465 7874 2073 mmand: gettext s\n-00032a20: 7472 696e 670a 2020 2020 2054 7261 6e73 tring. Trans\n-00032a30: 6c61 7465 2053 5452 494e 4720 696e 746f late STRING into\n-00032a40: 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 206c 616e the current lan\n-00032a50: 6775 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 guage... The\n-00032a60: 2063 7572 7265 6e74 206c 616e 6775 6167 current languag\n-00032a70: 6520 636f 6465 2069 7320 7374 6f72 6564 e code is stored\n-00032a80: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 986c 616e 67e2 in the ...lang.\n-00032a90: 8099 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 696e 0a20 .. variable in. \n-00032aa0: 2020 2020 4752 5542 2773 2065 6e76 6972 GRUB's envir\n-00032ab0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c61 onment (*note la\n-00032ac0: 6e67 3a3a 292e 2020 5472 616e 736c 6174 ng::). Translat\n-00032ad0: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 696e 204d 4f20 ion files in MO \n-00032ae0: 666f 726d 6174 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6520 format. are \n-00032af0: 7265 6164 2066 726f 6d20 e280 986c 6f63 read from ...loc\n-00032b00: 616c 655f 6469 72e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 ale_dir... (*not\n-00032b10: 6520 6c6f 6361 6c65 5f64 6972 3a3a 292c e locale_dir::),\n-00032b20: 2075 7375 616c 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 e280 usually. ..\n-00032b30: 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6c6f 6361 ./boot/grub/loca\n-00032b40: 6c65 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 le........File: \n-00032b50: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00032b60: 3a20 6770 7473 796e 632c 2020 4e65 7874 : gptsync, Next\n-00032b70: 3a20 6861 6c74 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2067 : halt, Prev: g\n-00032b80: 6574 7465 7874 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d ettext, Up: Com\n-00032b90: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-00032ba0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3220 6770 7473 ds..17.4.32 gpts\n-00032bb0: 796e 630a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ync.------------\n-00032bc0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-00032bd0: 3a20 6770 7473 796e 6320 6465 7669 6365 : gptsync device\n-00032be0: 205b 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e5b 2b2f 2d5b [partition[+/-[\n-00032bf0: 7479 7065 5d5d 5d20 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 type]]] .... \n-00032c00: 2044 6973 6b73 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 Disks using the\n-00032c10: 2047 5549 4420 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 GUID Partition \n-00032c20: 5461 626c 6520 2847 5054 2920 616c 736f Table (GPT) also\n-00032c30: 2068 6176 6520 6120 6c65 6761 6379 0a20 have a legacy. \n-00032c40: 2020 2020 4d61 7374 6572 2042 6f6f 7420 Master Boot \n-00032c50: 5265 636f 7264 2028 4d42 5229 2070 6172 Record (MBR) par\n-00032c60: 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 tition table for\n-00032c70: 2063 6f6d 7061 7469 6269 6c69 7479 2077 compatibility w\n-00032c80: 6974 6820 7468 650a 2020 2020 2042 494f ith the. BIO\n-00032c90: 5320 616e 6420 7769 7468 206f 6c64 6572 S and with older\n-00032ca0: 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 operating syste\n-00032cb0: 6d73 2e20 2054 6865 206c 6567 6163 7920 ms. The legacy \n-00032cc0: 4d42 5220 6361 6e20 6f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 MBR can only. \n-00032cd0: 2020 7265 7072 6573 656e 7420 6120 6c69 represent a li\n-00032ce0: 6d69 7465 6420 7375 6273 6574 206f 6620 mited subset of \n-00032cf0: 4750 5420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 656e GPT partition en\n-00032d00: 7472 6965 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 tries... Thi\n-00032d10: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 706f 7075 6c61 s command popula\n-00032d20: 7465 7320 7468 6520 6c65 6761 6379 204d tes the legacy M\n-00032d30: 4252 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 7370 6563 BR with the spec\n-00032d40: 6966 6965 6420 5041 5254 4954 494f 4e0a ified PARTITION.\n-00032d50: 2020 2020 2065 6e74 7269 6573 206f 6e20 entries on \n-00032d60: 4445 5649 4345 2e20 2055 7020 746f 2074 DEVICE. Up to t\n-00032d70: 6872 6565 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 hree partitions \n-00032d80: 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 642e 0a0a 2020 may be used... \n-00032d90: 2020 2054 5950 4520 6973 2061 6e20 4d42 TYPE is an MB\n-00032da0: 5220 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7479 7065 R partition type\n-00032db0: 2063 6f64 653b 2070 7265 6669 7820 7769 code; prefix wi\n-00032dc0: 7468 20e2 8098 3078 e280 9920 6966 2079 th ...0x... if y\n-00032dd0: 6f75 2077 616e 7420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 ou want to. \n-00032de0: 656e 7465 7220 7468 6973 2069 6e20 6865 enter this in he\n-00032df0: 7861 6465 6369 6d61 6c2e 2020 5468 6520 xadecimal. The \n-00032e00: 7365 7061 7261 746f 7220 6265 7477 6565 separator betwee\n-00032e10: 6e20 5041 5254 4954 494f 4e20 616e 640a n PARTITION and.\n-00032e20: 2020 2020 2054 5950 4520 6d61 7920 6265 TYPE may be\n-00032e30: 20e2 8098 2be2 8099 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 ...+... to make\n-00032e40: 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2061 the partition a\n-00032e50: 6374 6976 652c 206f 7220 e280 982d e280 ctive, or ...-..\n-00032e60: 9920 746f 206d 616b 6520 6974 0a20 2020 . to make it. \n-00032e70: 2020 696e 6163 7469 7665 3b20 6f6e 6c79 inactive; only\n-00032e80: 206f 6e65 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206d one partition m\n-00032e90: 6179 2062 6520 6163 7469 7665 2e20 2049 ay be active. I\n-00032ea0: 6620 626f 7468 2074 6865 2073 6570 6172 f both the separ\n-00032eb0: 6174 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 7479 ator. and ty\n-00032ec0: 7065 2061 7265 206f 6d69 7474 6564 2c20 pe are omitted, \n-00032ed0: 7468 656e 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 then the partiti\n-00032ee0: 6f6e 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2069 6e61 6374 on will be inact\n-00032ef0: 6976 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ive.....File: gr\n-00032f00: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00032f10: 6861 6c74 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2068 6173 halt, Next: has\n-00032f20: 6873 756d 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2067 7074 hsum, Prev: gpt\n-00032f30: 7379 6e63 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 sync, Up: Comma\n-00032f40: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n-00032f50: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3320 6861 6c74 0a2d ..17.4.33 halt.-\n-00032f60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n-00032f70: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6861 6c74 205b Command: halt [\n-00032f80: 2d2d 6e6f 2d61 706d 5d0a 2020 2020 2054 --no-apm]. T\n-00032f90: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2068 616c 7473 he command halts\n-00032fa0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 722e 2020 the computer. \n-00032fb0: 4f6e 2074 6865 2069 3338 362d 7063 2074 On the i386-pc t\n-00032fc0: 6172 6765 742c 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 arget, the. \n-00032fd0: e280 982d 2d6e 6f2d 6170 6de2 8099 206f ...--no-apm... o\n-00032fe0: 7074 696f 6e2c 206f 7220 7368 6f72 7420 ption, or short \n-00032ff0: e280 982d 6ee2 8099 2c20 6973 2073 7065 ...-n..., is spe\n-00033000: 6369 6669 6564 2c20 6e6f 2041 504d 2042 cified, no APM B\n-00033010: 494f 5320 6361 6c6c 2069 730a 2020 2020 IOS call is. \n-00033020: 2070 6572 666f 726d 6564 2e20 204f 7468 performed. Oth\n-00033030: 6572 7769 7365 2c20 7468 6520 636f 6d70 erwise, the comp\n-00033040: 7574 6572 2069 7320 7368 7574 2064 6f77 uter is shut dow\n-00033050: 6e20 7573 696e 6720 4150 4d20 6f6e 2074 n using APM on t\n-00033060: 6861 740a 2020 2020 2074 6172 6765 742e hat. target.\n-00033070: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00033080: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6861 7368 nfo, Node: hash\n-00033090: 7375 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6865 6c70 sum, Next: help\n-000330a0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2068 616c 742c 2020 , Prev: halt, \n-000330b0: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n-000330c0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n-000330d0: 3334 2068 6173 6873 756d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 34 hashsum.-----\n-000330e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n-000330f0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2068 6173 6873 756d Command: hashsum\n-00033100: 202d 2d68 6173 6820 6861 7368 202d 2d6b --hash hash --k\n-00033110: 6565 702d 676f 696e 6720 2d2d 756e 636f eep-going --unco\n-00033120: 6d70 7265 7373 202d 2d63 6865 636b 2066 mpress --check f\n-00033130: 696c 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b2d ile. [-\n-00033140: 2d70 7265 6669 7820 6469 725d 7c66 696c -prefix dir]|fil\n-00033150: 6520 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2043 6f6d 7075 e .... Compu\n-00033160: 7465 206f 7220 7665 7269 6679 2066 696c te or verify fil\n-00033170: 6520 6861 7368 6573 2e20 2048 6173 6820 e hashes. Hash \n-00033180: 7479 7065 2069 7320 7365 6c65 6374 6564 type is selected\n-00033190: 2077 6974 6820 6f70 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 with option. \n-000331a0: 2020 e280 982d 2d68 6173 68e2 8099 2e20 ...--hash.... \n-000331b0: 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 2068 6173 6865 Supported hashe\n-000331c0: 7320 6172 653a 20e2 8098 6164 6c65 7233 s are: ...adler3\n-000331d0: 32e2 8099 2c20 e280 9863 7263 3634 e280 2..., ...crc64..\n-000331e0: 992c 20e2 8098 6372 6333 32e2 8099 2c0a ., ...crc32...,.\n-000331f0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6372 6333 3272 6663 ...crc32rfc\n-00033200: 3135 3130 e280 992c 20e2 8098 6372 6332 1510..., ...crc2\n-00033210: 3472 6663 3234 3430 e280 992c 20e2 8098 4rfc2440..., ...\n-00033220: 6d64 34e2 8099 2c20 e280 986d 6435 e280 md4..., ...md5..\n-00033230: 992c 20e2 8098 7269 7065 6d64 3136 30e2 ., ...ripemd160.\n-00033240: 8099 2c20 e280 9873 6861 31e2 8099 2c0a .., ...sha1...,.\n-00033250: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7368 6132 3234 e280 ...sha224..\n-00033260: 992c 20e2 8098 7368 6132 3536 e280 992c ., ...sha256...,\n-00033270: 20e2 8098 7368 6135 3132 e280 992c 20e2 ...sha512..., .\n-00033280: 8098 7368 6133 3834 e280 992c 20e2 8098 ..sha384..., ...\n-00033290: 7469 6765 7231 3932 e280 992c 20e2 8098 tiger192..., ...\n-000332a0: 7469 6765 72e2 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 tiger...,. .\n-000332b0: 8098 7469 6765 7232 e280 992c 20e2 8098 ..tiger2..., ...\n-000332c0: 7768 6972 6c70 6f6f 6ce2 8099 2e20 204f whirlpool.... O\n-000332d0: 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d75 6e63 6f6d ption ...--uncom\n-000332e0: 7072 6573 73e2 8099 2075 6e63 6f6d 7072 press... uncompr\n-000332f0: 6573 7365 7320 6669 6c65 730a 2020 2020 esses files. \n-00033300: 2062 6566 6f72 6520 636f 6d70 7574 696e before computin\n-00033310: 6720 6861 7368 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5768 g hash... Wh\n-00033320: 656e 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2066 696c 6573 en list of files\n-00033330: 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2068 6173 6820 is given, hash \n-00033340: 6f66 2065 6163 6820 6669 6c65 2069 7320 of each file is \n-00033350: 636f 6d70 7574 6564 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 computed and. \n-00033360: 2020 7072 696e 7465 642c 2066 6f6c 6c6f printed, follo\n-00033370: 7765 6420 6279 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 wed by file name\n-00033380: 2c20 6561 6368 2066 696c 6520 6f6e 2061 , each file on a\n-00033390: 206e 6577 206c 696e 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 new line... \n-000333a0: 2057 6865 6e20 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 When option ...\n-000333b0: 2d2d 6368 6563 6be2 8099 2069 7320 6769 --check... is gi\n-000333c0: 7665 6e2c 2069 7420 706f 696e 7473 2074 ven, it points t\n-000333d0: 6f20 6120 6669 6c65 2074 6861 7420 636f o a file that co\n-000333e0: 6e74 6169 6e73 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 7374 ntains. list\n-000333f0: 206f 6620 4841 5348 204e 414d 4520 7061 of HASH NAME pa\n-00033400: 6972 7320 696e 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 irs in the same \n-00033410: 666f 726d 6174 2061 7320 7573 6564 2062 format as used b\n-00033420: 7920 554e 4958 20e2 8098 6d64 3573 756d y UNIX ...md5sum\n-00033430: e280 990a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 .... command\n-00033440: 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d70 . Option ...--p\n-00033450: 7265 6669 78e2 8099 206d 6179 2062 6520 refix... may be \n-00033460: 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6769 7665 2064 6972 used to give dir\n-00033470: 6563 746f 7279 2077 6865 7265 0a20 2020 ectory where. \n-00033480: 2020 6669 6c65 7320 6172 6520 6c6f 6361 files are loca\n-00033490: 7465 642e 2020 4861 7368 2076 6572 6966 ted. Hash verif\n-000334a0: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7374 6f70 7320 6166 ication stops af\n-000334b0: 7465 7220 7468 6520 6669 7273 740a 2020 ter the first. \n-000334c0: 2020 206d 6973 6d61 7463 6820 7761 7320 mismatch was \n-000334d0: 666f 756e 6420 756e 6c65 7373 206f 7074 found unless opt\n-000334e0: 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d6b 6565 702d 676f ion ...--keep-go\n-000334f0: 696e 67e2 8099 2077 6173 2067 6976 656e ing... was given\n-00033500: 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6578 6974 . The. exit\n-00033510: 2063 6f64 6520 e280 9824 3fe2 8099 2069 code ...$?... i\n-00033520: 7320 7365 7420 746f 2030 2069 6620 6861 s set to 0 if ha\n-00033530: 7368 2076 6572 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 sh verification \n-00033540: 6973 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c2e 2020 is successful. \n-00033550: 4966 0a20 2020 2020 6974 2066 6169 6c73 If. it fails\n-00033560: 2c20 e280 9824 3fe2 8099 2069 7320 7365 , ...$?... is se\n-00033570: 7420 746f 2061 206e 6f6e 7a65 726f 2076 t to a nonzero v\n-00033580: 616c 7565 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 alue.....File: g\n-00033590: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-000335a0: 2068 656c 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6865 help, Next: he\n-000335b0: 7864 756d 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6861 xdump, Prev: ha\n-000335c0: 7368 7375 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d shsum, Up: Comm\n-000335d0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n-000335e0: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3335 2068 656c 700a s..17.4.35 help.\n-000335f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-00033600: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2068 656c 7020 - Command: help \n-00033610: 5b70 6174 7465 726e 202e 2e2e 5d0a 2020 [pattern ...]. \n-00033620: 2020 2044 6973 706c 6179 2068 656c 7066 Display helpf\n-00033630: 756c 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 ul information a\n-00033640: 626f 7574 2062 7569 6c74 696e 2063 6f6d bout builtin com\n-00033650: 6d61 6e64 732e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2064 mands. If you d\n-00033660: 6f20 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 o not. speci\n-00033670: 6679 2050 4154 5445 524e 2c20 7468 6973 fy PATTERN, this\n-00033680: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2073 686f 7773 2073 command shows s\n-00033690: 686f 7274 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e hort description\n-000336a0: 7320 6f66 2061 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 6176 s of all. av\n-000336b0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 ailable commands\n-000336c0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2073 ... If you s\n-000336d0: 7065 6369 6679 2061 6e79 2050 4154 5445 pecify any PATTE\n-000336e0: 524e 532c 2069 7420 6469 7370 6c61 7973 RNS, it displays\n-000336f0: 206c 6f6e 6765 7220 696e 666f 726d 6174 longer informat\n-00033700: 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 740a 2020 2020 2065 ion about. e\n-00033710: 6163 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 ach of the comma\n-00033720: 6e64 7320 7768 6f73 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 nds whose names \n-00033730: 6265 6769 6e20 7769 7468 2074 686f 7365 begin with those\n-00033740: 2050 4154 5445 524e 532e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 PATTERNS.....Fi\n-00033750: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00033760: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6865 7864 756d 702c 2020 Node: hexdump, \n-00033770: 4e65 7874 3a20 696e 736d 6f64 2c20 2050 Next: insmod, P\n-00033780: 7265 763a 2068 656c 702c 2020 5570 3a20 rev: help, Up: \n-00033790: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-000337a0: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3336 2068 mands..17.4.36 h\n-000337b0: 6578 6475 6d70 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d exdump.---------\n-000337c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-000337d0: 616e 643a 2068 6578 6475 6d70 205b 2d2d and: hexdump [--\n-000337e0: 736b 6970 206f 6666 7365 745d 205b 2d2d skip offset] [--\n-000337f0: 6c65 6e67 7468 206c 656e 5d20 4649 4c45 length len] FILE\n-00033800: 5f4f 525f 4445 5649 4345 0a20 2020 2020 _OR_DEVICE. \n-00033810: 5368 6f77 2072 6177 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 Show raw content\n-00033820: 7320 6f66 2061 2066 696c 6520 6f72 206d s of a file or m\n-00033830: 656d 6f72 792e 2020 5768 656e 206f 7074 emory. When opt\n-00033840: 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d73 6b69 70e2 8099 ion ...--skip...\n-00033850: 2069 730a 2020 2020 2067 6976 656e 2c20 is. given, \n-00033860: e280 986f 6666 7365 74e2 8099 206e 756d ...offset... num\n-00033870: 6265 7220 6f66 2062 7974 6573 2061 7265 ber of bytes are\n-00033880: 2073 6b69 7070 6564 2066 726f 6d20 7468 skipped from th\n-00033890: 6520 7374 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 e start of the. \n-000338a0: 2020 2020 6465 7669 6365 206f 7220 6669 device or fi\n-000338b0: 6c65 2067 6976 656e 2e20 2041 6e64 20e2 le given. And .\n-000338c0: 8098 2d2d 6c65 6e67 7468 e280 9920 616c ..--length... al\n-000338d0: 6c6f 7773 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 lows specifying \n-000338e0: 6120 6d61 7869 6d75 6d0a 2020 2020 206e a maximum. n\n-000338f0: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2062 7974 6573 2074 umber of bytes t\n-00033900: 6f20 6265 2073 686f 776e 2e0a 0a20 2020 o be shown... \n-00033910: 2020 4966 2067 6976 656e 2074 6865 2073 If given the s\n-00033920: 7065 6369 616c 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 pecial device na\n-00033930: 6d65 6420 e280 9828 6d65 6d29 e280 992c med ...(mem)...,\n-00033940: 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 e280 986f 6666 then the ...off\n-00033950: 7365 74e2 8099 2067 6976 656e 0a20 2020 set... given. \n-00033960: 2020 746f 20e2 8098 2d2d 736b 6970 e280 to ...--skip..\n-00033970: 9920 6973 2074 7265 6174 6564 2061 7320 . is treated as \n-00033980: 7468 6520 6164 6472 6573 7320 6f66 2061 the address of a\n-00033990: 206d 656d 6f72 7920 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e memory location\n-000339a0: 2074 6f20 6475 6d70 0a20 2020 2020 6672 to dump. fr\n-000339b0: 6f6d 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 om.....File: gru\n-000339c0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2069 b.info, Node: i\n-000339d0: 6e73 6d6f 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6b65 nsmod, Next: ke\n-000339e0: 7973 7461 7475 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 ystatus, Prev: \n-000339f0: 6865 7864 756d 702c 2020 5570 3a20 436f hexdump, Up: Co\n-00033a00: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n-00033a10: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3337 2069 6e73 nds..17.4.37 ins\n-00033a20: 6d6f 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d mod.------------\n-00033a30: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-00033a40: 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 6d6f 6475 6c65 0a20 insmod module. \n-00033a50: 2020 2020 496e 7365 7274 2074 6865 2064 Insert the d\n-00033a60: 796e 616d 6963 2047 5255 4220 6d6f 6475 ynamic GRUB modu\n-00033a70: 6c65 2063 616c 6c65 6420 4d4f 4455 4c45 le called MODULE\n-00033a80: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00033a90: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206b 6579 info, Node: key\n-00033aa0: 7374 6174 7573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206c status, Next: l\n-00033ab0: 6973 745f 656e 762c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 ist_env, Prev: \n-00033ac0: 696e 736d 6f64 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d insmod, Up: Com\n-00033ad0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-00033ae0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3820 6b65 7973 ds..17.4.38 keys\n-00033af0: 7461 7475 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tatus.----------\n-00033b00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n-00033b10: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6b65 7973 7461 7475 7320 mand: keystatus \n-00033b20: 5b2d 2d73 6869 6674 5d20 5b2d 2d63 7472 [--shift] [--ctr\n-00033b30: 6c5d 205b 2d2d 616c 745d 0a20 2020 2020 l] [--alt]. \n-00033b40: 5265 7475 726e 2074 7275 6520 6966 2074 Return true if t\n-00033b50: 6865 2053 6869 6674 2c20 436f 6e74 726f he Shift, Contro\n-00033b60: 6c2c 206f 7220 416c 7420 6d6f 6469 6669 l, or Alt modifi\n-00033b70: 6572 206b 6579 7320 6172 6520 6865 6c64 er keys are held\n-00033b80: 0a20 2020 2020 646f 776e 2c20 6173 2072 . down, as r\n-00033b90: 6571 7565 7374 6564 2062 7920 6f70 7469 equested by opti\n-00033ba0: 6f6e 732e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 7573 ons. This is us\n-00033bb0: 6566 756c 2069 6e20 7363 7269 7074 696e eful in scriptin\n-00033bc0: 672c 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2061 6c6c 6f77 g, to. allow\n-00033bd0: 2073 6f6d 6520 7573 6572 2063 6f6e 7472 some user contr\n-00033be0: 6f6c 206f 7665 7220 6265 6861 7669 6f75 ol over behaviou\n-00033bf0: 7220 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6861 7669 6e67 r without having\n-00033c00: 2074 6f20 7761 6974 2066 6f72 2061 0a20 to wait for a. \n-00033c10: 2020 2020 6b65 7970 7265 7373 2e0a 0a20 keypress... \n-00033c20: 2020 2020 4368 6563 6b69 6e67 206b 6579 Checking key\n-00033c30: 206d 6f64 6966 6965 7220 7374 6174 7573 modifier status\n-00033c40: 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2073 7570 706f 7274 is only support\n-00033c50: 6564 206f 6e20 736f 6d65 2070 6c61 7466 ed on some platf\n-00033c60: 6f72 6d73 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 696e orms.. If in\n-00033c70: 766f 6b65 6420 7769 7468 6f75 7420 616e voked without an\n-00033c80: 7920 6f70 7469 6f6e 732c 2074 6865 20e2 y options, the .\n-00033c90: 8098 6b65 7973 7461 7475 73e2 8099 2063 ..keystatus... c\n-00033ca0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2072 6574 7572 6e73 0a20 ommand returns. \n-00033cb0: 2020 2020 7472 7565 2069 6620 616e 6420 true if and \n-00033cc0: 6f6e 6c79 2069 6620 6368 6563 6b69 6e67 only if checking\n-00033cd0: 206b 6579 206d 6f64 6966 6965 7220 7374 key modifier st\n-00033ce0: 6174 7573 2069 7320 7375 7070 6f72 7465 atus is supporte\n-00033cf0: 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 d.....File: grub\n-00033d00: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c69 .info, Node: li\n-00033d10: 7374 5f65 6e76 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206c st_env, Next: l\n-00033d20: 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 642c 2020 5072 ist_trusted, Pr\n-00033d30: 6576 3a20 6b65 7973 7461 7475 732c 2020 ev: keystatus, \n-00033d40: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n-00033d50: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n-00033d60: 3339 206c 6973 745f 656e 760a 2d2d 2d2d 39 list_env.----\n-00033d70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-00033d80: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c 6973 745f - Command: list_\n-00033d90: 656e 7620 5b2d 2d66 696c 6520 6669 6c65 env [--file file\n-00033da0: 5d0a 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 616c 6c20 ]. List all \n-00033db0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 variables in the\n-00033dc0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f environment blo\n-00033dd0: 636b 2066 696c 652e 2020 2a4e 6f74 650a ck file. *Note.\n-00033de0: 2020 2020 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 Environment\n-00033df0: 2062 6c6f 636b 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 block::... \n-00033e00: 5468 6520 e280 982d 2d66 696c 65e2 8099 The ...--file...\n-00033e10: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6f76 6572 7269 6465 option override\n-00033e20: 7320 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6c6f s the default lo\n-00033e30: 6361 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 cation of the. \n-00033e40: 2020 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 environment b\n-00033e50: 6c6f 636b 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 lock.....File: g\n-00033e60: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00033e70: 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 642c 2020 list_trusted, \n-00033e80: 4e65 7874 3a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 2c20 Next: load_env, \n-00033e90: 2050 7265 763a 206c 6973 745f 656e 762c Prev: list_env,\n-00033ea0: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-00033eb0: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-00033ec0: 342e 3430 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 4.40 list_truste\n-00033ed0: 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d d.--------------\n-00033ee0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-00033ef0: 616e 643a 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 and: list_truste\n-00033f00: 640a 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 616c 6c20 d. List all \n-00033f10: 7075 626c 6963 206b 6579 7320 7472 7573 public keys trus\n-00033f20: 7465 6420 6279 2047 5255 4220 666f 7220 ted by GRUB for \n-00033f30: 7661 6c69 6461 7469 6e67 2073 6967 6e61 validating signa\n-00033f40: 7475 7265 732e 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 tures.. The \n-00033f50: 6f75 7470 7574 2069 7320 696e 2047 5047 output is in GPG\n-00033f60: 2773 2076 3420 6b65 7920 6669 6e67 6572 's v4 key finger\n-00033f70: 7072 696e 7420 666f 726d 6174 2028 692e print format (i.\n-00033f80: 652e 2c20 7468 6520 6f75 7470 7574 0a20 e., the output. \n-00033f90: 2020 2020 6f66 20e2 8098 6770 6720 2d2d of ...gpg --\n-00033fa0: 6669 6e67 6572 7072 696e 74e2 8099 292e fingerprint...).\n-00033fb0: 2020 5468 6520 6c65 6173 7420 7369 676e The least sign\n-00033fc0: 6966 6963 616e 7420 666f 7572 2062 7974 ificant four byt\n-00033fd0: 6573 2028 6c61 7374 0a20 2020 2020 6569 es (last. ei\n-00033fe0: 6768 7420 6865 7861 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 ght hexadecimal \n-00033ff0: 6469 6769 7473 2920 6361 6e20 6265 2075 digits) can be u\n-00034000: 7365 6420 6173 2061 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 sed as an argume\n-00034010: 6e74 2074 6f20 e280 9864 6973 7472 7573 nt to ...distrus\n-00034020: 74e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 t.... (*note\n-00034030: 2064 6973 7472 7573 743a 3a29 2e20 202a distrust::). *\n-00034040: 4e6f 7465 2055 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 Note Using digit\n-00034050: 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a2c al signatures::,\n-00034060: 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 2020 2020 2069 for more. i\n-00034070: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 nformation about\n-00034080: 2075 7365 7320 666f 7220 7468 6573 6520 uses for these \n-00034090: 6b65 7973 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 keys.....File: g\n-000340a0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-000340b0: 206c 6f61 645f 656e 762c 2020 4e65 7874 load_env, Next\n-000340c0: 3a20 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 2c20 2050 7265 : loadfont, Pre\n-000340d0: 763a 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 642c v: list_trusted,\n-000340e0: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-000340f0: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-00034100: 342e 3431 206c 6f61 645f 656e 760a 2d2d 4.41 load_env.--\n-00034110: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-00034120: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c 6f61 -- Command: loa\n-00034130: 645f 656e 7620 5b2d 2d66 696c 6520 6669 d_env [--file fi\n-00034140: 6c65 5d20 5b2d 2d73 6b69 702d 7369 675d le] [--skip-sig]\n-00034150: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b 7768 6974 . [whit\n-00034160: 656c 6973 7465 645f 7661 7269 6162 6c65 elisted_variable\n-00034170: 5f6e 616d 655d 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 _name] .... \n-00034180: 4c6f 6164 2061 6c6c 2076 6172 6961 626c Load all variabl\n-00034190: 6573 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 656e 7669 es from the envi\n-000341a0: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b20 6669 ronment block fi\n-000341b0: 6c65 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 650a 2020 2020 le into the. \n-000341c0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2e20 202a environment. *\n-000341d0: 4e6f 7465 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 Note Environment\n-000341e0: 2062 6c6f 636b 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 block::... \n-000341f0: 5468 6520 e280 982d 2d66 696c 65e2 8099 The ...--file...\n-00034200: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6f76 6572 7269 6465 option override\n-00034210: 7320 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6c6f s the default lo\n-00034220: 6361 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 cation of the. \n-00034230: 2020 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 environment b\n-00034240: 6c6f 636b 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 lock... The \n-00034250: e280 982d 2d73 6b69 702d 7369 67e2 8099 ...--skip-sig...\n-00034260: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 736b 6970 7320 7369 option skips si\n-00034270: 676e 6174 7572 6520 6368 6563 6b69 6e67 gnature checking\n-00034280: 2065 7665 6e20 7768 656e 2074 6865 0a20 even when the. \n-00034290: 2020 2020 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2065 6e76 value of env\n-000342a0: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-000342b0: 6520 e280 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 e ...check_signa\n-000342c0: 7475 7265 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 tures... is set \n-000342d0: 746f 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9865 6e66 6f72 to. ...enfor\n-000342e0: 6365 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2063 6865 ce... (*note che\n-000342f0: 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a29 ck_signatures::)\n-00034300: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 206f 6e65 206f ... If one o\n-00034310: 7220 6d6f 7265 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 r more variable \n-00034320: 6e61 6d65 7320 6172 6520 7072 6f76 6964 names are provid\n-00034330: 6564 2061 7320 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732c ed as arguments,\n-00034340: 2074 6865 7920 6172 650a 2020 2020 2069 they are. i\n-00034350: 6e74 6572 7072 6574 6564 2061 7320 6120 nterpreted as a \n-00034360: 7768 6974 656c 6973 7420 6f66 2076 6172 whitelist of var\n-00034370: 6961 626c 6573 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 2066 iables to load f\n-00034380: 726f 6d20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2065 6e76 rom the. env\n-00034390: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2066 ironment block f\n-000343a0: 696c 652e 2020 5661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 ile. Variables \n-000343b0: 7365 7420 696e 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 set in the file \n-000343c0: 6275 7420 6e6f 7420 7072 6573 656e 740a but not present.\n-000343d0: 2020 2020 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7768 6974 in the whit\n-000343e0: 656c 6973 7420 6172 6520 6967 6e6f 7265 elist are ignore\n-000343f0: 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 d... The ...\n-00034400: 2d2d 736b 6970 2d73 6967 e280 9920 6f70 --skip-sig... op\n-00034410: 7469 6f6e 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2075 tion should be u\n-00034420: 7365 6420 7769 7468 2063 6172 652c 2061 sed with care, a\n-00034430: 6e64 2073 686f 756c 6420 616c 7761 7973 nd should always\n-00034440: 0a20 2020 2020 6265 2075 7365 6420 696e . be used in\n-00034450: 2063 6f6e 6365 7274 2077 6974 6820 6120 concert with a \n-00034460: 7768 6974 656c 6973 7420 6f66 2061 6363 whitelist of acc\n-00034470: 6570 7461 626c 6520 7661 7269 6162 6c65 eptable variable\n-00034480: 7320 7768 6f73 650a 2020 2020 2076 616c s whose. val\n-00034490: 7565 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7365 ues should be se\n-000344a0: 742e 2020 4661 696c 7572 6520 746f 2065 t. Failure to e\n-000344b0: 6d70 6c6f 7920 6120 6361 7265 6675 6c6c mploy a carefull\n-000344c0: 7920 636f 6e73 7472 7563 7465 640a 2020 y constructed. \n-000344d0: 2020 2077 6869 7465 6c69 7374 2063 6f75 whitelist cou\n-000344e0: 6c64 2072 6573 756c 7420 696e 2072 6561 ld result in rea\n-000344f0: 6469 6e67 2061 206d 616c 6963 696f 7573 ding a malicious\n-00034500: 2076 616c 7565 2069 6e74 6f20 6372 6974 value into crit\n-00034510: 6963 616c 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7669 726f ical. enviro\n-00034520: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 nment variables \n-00034530: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2066 696c 652c 2073 from the file, s\n-00034540: 7563 6820 6173 2073 6574 7469 6e67 0a20 uch as setting. \n-00034550: 2020 2020 e280 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 ...check_sig\n-00034560: 6e61 7475 7265 733d 6e6f e280 992c 206d natures=no..., m\n-00034570: 6f64 6966 7969 6e67 20e2 8098 7072 6566 odifying ...pref\n-00034580: 6978 e280 9920 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 6672 ix... to boot fr\n-00034590: 6f6d 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 2075 6e65 7870 om an. unexp\n-000345a0: 6563 7465 6420 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 206f ected location o\n-000345b0: 7220 6e6f 7420 6174 2061 6c6c 2c20 6574 r not at all, et\n-000345c0: 632e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 7573 c... When us\n-000345d0: 6564 2077 6974 6820 6361 7265 2c20 e280 ed with care, ..\n-000345e0: 982d 2d73 6b69 702d 7369 67e2 8099 2061 .--skip-sig... a\n-000345f0: 6e64 2074 6865 2077 6869 7465 6c69 7374 nd the whitelist\n-00034600: 2065 6e61 626c 6520 616e 0a20 2020 2020 enable an. \n-00034610: 6164 6d69 6e69 7374 7261 746f 7220 746f administrator to\n-00034620: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 2061 2073 7973 configure a sys\n-00034630: 7465 6d20 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 6f6e 6c79 tem to boot only\n-00034640: 2073 6967 6e65 640a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e signed. con\n-00034650: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 732c 2062 7574 figurations, but\n-00034660: 2074 6f20 616c 6c6f 7720 7468 6520 7573 to allow the us\n-00034670: 6572 2074 6f20 7365 6c65 6374 2066 726f er to select fro\n-00034680: 6d20 616d 6f6e 6720 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 m among multiple\n-00034690: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 . configurat\n-000346a0: 696f 6e73 2c20 616e 6420 746f 2065 6e61 ions, and to ena\n-000346b0: 626c 6520 226f 6e65 2d73 686f 7422 2062 ble \"one-shot\" b\n-000346c0: 6f6f 7420 6174 7465 6d70 7473 2061 6e64 oot attempts and\n-000346d0: 0a20 2020 2020 2273 6176 6564 6566 6175 . \"savedefau\n-000346e0: 6c74 2220 6265 6861 7669 6f72 2e20 202a lt\" behavior. *\n-000346f0: 4e6f 7465 2055 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 Note Using digit\n-00034700: 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a2c al signatures::,\n-00034710: 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 2020 2020 2069 for more. i\n-00034720: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 nformation.....F\n-00034730: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00034740: 204e 6f64 653a 206c 6f61 6466 6f6e 742c Node: loadfont,\n-00034750: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b Next: loopback\n-00034760: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c 6f61 645f 656e , Prev: load_en\n-00034770: 762c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d v, Up: Command-\n-00034780: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n-00034790: 372e 342e 3432 206c 6f61 6466 6f6e 740a 7.4.42 loadfont.\n-000347a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000347b0: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c .. -- Command: l\n-000347c0: 6f61 6466 6f6e 7420 6669 6c65 202e 2e2e oadfont file ...\n-000347d0: 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2073 7065 6369 . Load speci\n-000347e0: 6669 6564 2066 6f6e 7420 6669 6c65 732e fied font files.\n-000347f0: 2020 556e 6c65 7373 2061 6273 6f6c 7574 Unless absolut\n-00034800: 6520 7061 7468 6e61 6d65 2069 7320 6769 e pathname is gi\n-00034810: 7665 6e2c 2046 494c 450a 2020 2020 2069 ven, FILE. i\n-00034820: 7320 6173 7375 6d65 6420 746f 2062 6520 s assumed to be \n-00034830: 696e 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 20e2 8098 in directory ...\n-00034840: 2470 7265 6669 782f 666f 6e74 73e2 8099 $prefix/fonts...\n-00034850: 2077 6974 6820 7375 6666 6978 20e2 8098 with suffix ...\n-00034860: 2e70 6632 e280 990a 2020 2020 2061 7070 .pf2.... app\n-00034870: 656e 6465 642e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 466f ended. *Note Fo\n-00034880: 6e74 733a 2054 6865 6d65 2066 696c 6520 nts: Theme file \n-00034890: 666f 726d 6174 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a format.....File:\n-000348a0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-000348b0: 653a 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b2c 2020 4e65 e: loopback, Ne\n-000348c0: 7874 3a20 6c73 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c xt: ls, Prev: l\n-000348d0: 6f61 6466 6f6e 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f oadfont, Up: Co\n-000348e0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n-000348f0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3433 206c 6f6f nds..17.4.43 loo\n-00034900: 7062 6163 6b0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d pback.----------\n-00034910: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-00034920: 616e 643a 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 5b2d and: loopback [-\n-00034930: 645d 205b 2d44 5d20 6465 7669 6365 2066 d] [-D] device f\n-00034940: 696c 650a 2020 2020 204d 616b 6520 7468 ile. Make th\n-00034950: 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6564 2044 e device named D\n-00034960: 4556 4943 4520 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 EVICE correspond\n-00034970: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 to the contents\n-00034980: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2066 696c of the. fil\n-00034990: 6573 7973 7465 6d20 696d 6167 6520 696e esystem image in\n-000349a0: 2046 494c 452e 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d FILE. For exam\n-000349b0: 706c 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ple:.. \n-000349c0: 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 206c 6f6f 7030 202f loopback loop0 /\n-000349d0: 7061 7468 2f74 6f2f 696d 6167 650a 2020 path/to/image. \n-000349e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c73 2028 6c6f 6f70 ls (loop\n-000349f0: 3029 2f0a 0a20 2020 2020 5370 6563 6966 0)/.. Specif\n-00034a00: 7969 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d44 e280 ying the ...-D..\n-00034a10: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 . option allows \n-00034a20: 7468 6520 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 2066 696c the loopback fil\n-00034a30: 6520 746f 2062 650a 2020 2020 2074 7261 e to be. tra\n-00034a40: 6e70 6172 656e 746c 7920 6465 636f 6d70 nparently decomp\n-00034a50: 7265 7373 6564 2069 6620 7468 6572 6520 ressed if there \n-00034a60: 6973 2061 6e20 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 is an appropriat\n-00034a70: 6520 6465 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6f72 0a20 e decompressor. \n-00034a80: 2020 2020 6c6f 6164 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 loaded... \n-00034a90: 2020 5769 7468 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d64 With the ...-d\n-00034aa0: e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 6465 6c65 ... option, dele\n-00034ab0: 7465 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 7072 6576 te a device prev\n-00034ac0: 696f 7573 6c79 2063 7265 6174 6564 2075 iously created u\n-00034ad0: 7369 6e67 2074 6869 730a 2020 2020 2063 sing this. c\n-00034ae0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ommand.....File:\n-00034af0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-00034b00: 653a 206c 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c73 e: ls, Next: ls\n-00034b10: 666f 6e74 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6c6f fonts, Prev: lo\n-00034b20: 6f70 6261 636b 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d opback, Up: Com\n-00034b30: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-00034b40: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 3420 6c73 0a2d ds..17.4.44 ls.-\n-00034b50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-00034b60: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c73 205b 6172 6720 ommand: ls [arg \n-00034b70: 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2064 ...]. List d\n-00034b80: 6576 6963 6573 206f 7220 6669 6c65 732e evices or files.\n-00034b90: 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 6e6f 2061 .. With no a\n-00034ba0: 7267 756d 656e 7473 2c20 7072 696e 7420 rguments, print \n-00034bb0: 616c 6c20 6465 7669 6365 7320 6b6e 6f77 all devices know\n-00034bc0: 6e20 746f 2047 5255 422e 0a0a 2020 2020 n to GRUB... \n-00034bd0: 2049 6620 7468 6520 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 If the argument\n-00034be0: 2069 7320 6120 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d is a device nam\n-00034bf0: 6520 656e 636c 6f73 6564 2069 6e20 7061 e enclosed in pa\n-00034c00: 7265 6e74 6865 7365 7320 282a 6e6f 7465 rentheses (*note\n-00034c10: 0a20 2020 2020 4465 7669 6365 2073 796e . Device syn\n-00034c20: 7461 783a 3a29 2c20 7468 656e 2070 7269 tax::), then pri\n-00034c30: 6e74 2074 6865 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2074 nt the name of t\n-00034c40: 6865 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 6f66 he filesystem of\n-00034c50: 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 2064 6576 6963 that. devic\n-00034c60: 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 e... If the \n-00034c70: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 6120 6469 argument is a di\n-00034c80: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6769 7665 6e20 6173 rectory given as\n-00034c90: 2061 6e20 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2066 696c an absolute fil\n-00034ca0: 6520 6e61 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f e name. (*no\n-00034cb0: 7465 2046 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 796e te File name syn\n-00034cc0: 7461 783a 3a29 2c20 7468 656e 206c 6973 tax::), then lis\n-00034cd0: 7420 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f t the contents o\n-00034ce0: 6620 7468 6174 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7265 f that. dire\n-00034cf0: 6374 6f72 792e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ctory.....File: \n-00034d00: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00034d10: 3a20 6c73 666f 6e74 732c 2020 4e65 7874 : lsfonts, Next\n-00034d20: 3a20 6c73 6d6f 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 : lsmod, Prev: \n-00034d30: 6c73 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ls, Up: Command\n-00034d40: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-00034d50: 3137 2e34 2e34 3520 6c73 666f 6e74 730a 17.4.45 lsfonts.\n-00034d60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-00034d70: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c73 . -- Command: ls\n-00034d80: 666f 6e74 730a 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 fonts. List \n-00034d90: 6c6f 6164 6564 2066 6f6e 7473 2e0a 0a1f loaded fonts....\n-00034da0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00034db0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206c 736d 6f64 2c20 , Node: lsmod, \n-00034dc0: 204e 6578 743a 206d 6435 7375 6d2c 2020 Next: md5sum, \n-00034dd0: 5072 6576 3a20 6c73 666f 6e74 732c 2020 Prev: lsfonts, \n-00034de0: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n-00034df0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n-00034e00: 3436 206c 736d 6f64 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 46 lsmod.-------\n-00034e10: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-00034e20: 616e 643a 206c 736d 6f64 0a20 2020 2020 and: lsmod. \n-00034e30: 5368 6f77 206c 6973 7420 6f66 206c 6f61 Show list of loa\n-00034e40: 6465 6420 6d6f 6475 6c65 732e 0a0a 1f0a ded modules.....\n-00034e50: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00034e60: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6d64 3573 756d 2c20 Node: md5sum, \n-00034e70: 204e 6578 743a 206d 6f64 756c 652c 2020 Next: module, \n-00034e80: 5072 6576 3a20 6c73 6d6f 642c 2020 5570 Prev: lsmod, Up\n-00034e90: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n-00034ea0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3437 ommands..17.4.47\n-00034eb0: 206d 6435 7375 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d md5sum.--------\n-00034ec0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-00034ed0: 616e 643a 206d 6435 7375 6d20 6172 6720 and: md5sum arg \n-00034ee0: 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 6c69 6173 2066 .... Alias f\n-00034ef0: 6f72 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 6d20 2d2d or ...hashsum --\n-00034f00: 6861 7368 206d 6435 2061 7267 202e 2e2e hash md5 arg ...\n-00034f10: e280 992e 2020 5365 6520 636f 6d6d 616e .... See comman\n-00034f20: 6420 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d e280 990a d ...hashsum....\n-00034f30: 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6861 7368 (*note hash\n-00034f40: 7375 6d3a 3a29 2066 6f72 2066 756c 6c20 sum::) for full \n-00034f50: 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a description.....\n-00034f60: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-00034f70: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6d6f 6475 6c65 2c20 Node: module, \n-00034f80: 204e 6578 743a 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 Next: multiboot\n-00034f90: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206d 6435 7375 6d2c , Prev: md5sum,\n-00034fa0: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n-00034fb0: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n-00034fc0: 342e 3438 206d 6f64 756c 650a 2d2d 2d2d 4.48 module.----\n-00034fd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n-00034fe0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206d 6f64 756c 6520 Command: module \n-00034ff0: 5b2d 2d6e 6f75 6e7a 6970 5d20 6669 6c65 [--nounzip] file\n-00035000: 205b 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 735d 0a20 2020 [arguments]. \n-00035010: 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 206d 6f64 756c 6520 Load a module \n-00035020: 666f 7220 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 6b65 for multiboot ke\n-00035030: 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 2e20 2054 6865 rnel image. The\n-00035040: 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206c 696e rest of the lin\n-00035050: 6520 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7373 6564 e is. passed\n-00035060: 2076 6572 6261 7469 6d20 6173 2074 6865 verbatim as the\n-00035070: 206d 6f64 756c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 module command \n-00035080: 6c69 6e65 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 line.....File: g\n-00035090: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-000350a0: 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2c20 204e 6578 multiboot, Nex\n-000350b0: 743a 206e 6174 6976 6564 6973 6b2c 2020 t: nativedisk, \n-000350c0: 5072 6576 3a20 6d6f 6475 6c65 2c20 2055 Prev: module, U\n-000350d0: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n-000350e0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 commands..17.4.4\n-000350f0: 3920 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 740a 2d2d 2d2d 9 multiboot.----\n-00035100: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n-00035110: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6d75 6c74 -- Command: mult\n-00035120: 6962 6f6f 7420 5b2d 2d71 7569 726b 2d62 iboot [--quirk-b\n-00035130: 6164 2d6b 6c75 6467 655d 0a20 2020 2020 ad-kludge]. \n-00035140: 2020 2020 205b 2d2d 7175 6972 6b2d 6d6f [--quirk-mo\n-00035150: 6475 6c65 732d 6166 7465 722d 6b65 726e dules-after-kern\n-00035160: 656c 5d20 6669 6c65 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 el] file .... \n-00035170: 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 206d 756c 7469 626f Load a multibo\n-00035180: 6f74 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 6520 ot kernel image \n-00035190: 6672 6f6d 2046 494c 452e 2020 5468 6520 from FILE. The \n-000351a0: 7265 7374 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 rest of the line\n-000351b0: 2069 730a 2020 2020 2070 6173 7365 6420 is. passed \n-000351c0: 7665 7262 6174 696d 2061 7320 7468 6520 verbatim as the \n-000351d0: e280 9c6b 6572 6e65 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e ...kernel comman\n-000351e0: 642d 6c69 6e65 e280 9d2e 2020 416e 7920 d-line.... Any \n-000351f0: 6d6f 6475 6c65 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a20 module must be. \n-00035200: 2020 2020 7265 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 6674 reloaded aft\n-00035210: 6572 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6869 7320 636f er using this co\n-00035220: 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 206d 6f64 mmand (*note mod\n-00035230: 756c 653a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 536f ule::)... So\n-00035240: 6d65 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2068 6176 6520 me kernels have \n-00035250: 6b6e 6f77 6e20 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2e20 known problems. \n-00035260: 2059 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2073 7065 You need to spe\n-00035270: 6369 6679 202d 7175 6972 6b2d 2a20 666f cify -quirk-* fo\n-00035280: 720a 2020 2020 2074 686f 7365 2e20 202d r. those. -\n-00035290: 7175 6972 6b2d 6261 642d 6b6c 7564 6765 quirk-bad-kludge\n-000352a0: 2069 7320 6120 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 7365 is a problem se\n-000352b0: 656e 2069 6e20 7365 7665 7261 6c20 7072 en in several pr\n-000352c0: 6f64 7563 7473 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6174 oducts. that\n-000352d0: 2074 6865 7920 696e 636c 7564 6520 6c6f they include lo\n-000352e0: 6164 696e 6720 6b6c 7564 6765 2069 6e66 ading kludge inf\n-000352f0: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 6820 696e ormation with in\n-00035300: 7661 6c69 6420 6461 7461 2069 6e0a 2020 valid data in. \n-00035310: 2020 2045 4c46 2066 696c 652e 2020 4752 ELF file. GR\n-00035320: 5542 2070 7269 6f72 2074 6f20 302e 3937 UB prior to 0.97\n-00035330: 2061 6e64 2073 6f6d 6520 6375 7374 6f6d and some custom\n-00035340: 2062 7569 6c64 7320 7072 6566 6572 7265 builds preferre\n-00035350: 6420 454c 460a 2020 2020 2069 6e66 6f72 d ELF. infor\n-00035360: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2077 6869 6c65 2030 2e39 mation while 0.9\n-00035370: 3720 616e 6420 4752 5542 2032 2075 7365 7 and GRUB 2 use\n-00035380: 206b 6c75 6467 652e 2020 5573 6520 7468 kludge. Use th\n-00035390: 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 746f 0a20 2020 is option to. \n-000353a0: 2020 6967 6e6f 7265 206b 6c75 6467 652e ignore kludge.\n-000353b0: 2020 4b6e 6f77 6e20 6166 6665 6374 6564 Known affected\n-000353c0: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 3a20 6f6c 6420 536f systems: old So\n-000353d0: 6c61 7269 732c 2053 6b79 4f53 2e0a 0a20 laris, SkyOS... \n-000353e0: 2020 2020 2d71 7569 726b 2d6d 6f64 756c -quirk-modul\n-000353f0: 6573 2d61 6674 6572 2d6b 6572 6e65 6c20 es-after-kernel \n-00035400: 6973 206e 6565 6465 6420 666f 7220 6b65 is needed for ke\n-00035410: 726e 656c 7320 7768 6963 6820 6c6f 6164 rnels which load\n-00035420: 2061 740a 2020 2020 2072 656c 6174 6976 at. relativ\n-00035430: 656c 7920 6869 6768 2061 6464 7265 7373 ely high address\n-00035440: 2065 2e67 2e20 2031 364d 6942 206d 6172 e.g. 16MiB mar\n-00035450: 6b20 616e 6420 6361 6e27 7420 636f 7065 k and can't cope\n-00035460: 2077 6974 680a 2020 2020 206d 6f64 756c with. modul\n-00035470: 6573 2073 7475 6666 6564 2062 6574 7765 es stuffed betwe\n-00035480: 656e 2031 4d69 4220 6d61 726b 2061 6e64 en 1MiB mark and\n-00035490: 2062 6567 696e 6e69 6e67 206f 6620 7468 beginning of th\n-000354a0: 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2e0a 2020 2020 204b e kernel.. K\n-000354b0: 6e6f 776e 2061 6666 7465 6374 6564 2073 nown afftected s\n-000354c0: 7973 7465 6d73 3a20 564d 5761 7265 2e0a ystems: VMWare..\n-000354d0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-000354e0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6174 6976 fo, Node: nativ\n-000354f0: 6564 6973 6b2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e6f edisk, Next: no\n-00035500: 726d 616c 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206d 756c rmal, Prev: mul\n-00035510: 7469 626f 6f74 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d tiboot, Up: Com\n-00035520: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-00035530: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3020 6e61 7469 ds..17.4.50 nati\n-00035540: 7665 6469 736b 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d vedisk.---------\n-00035550: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-00035560: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e61 7469 7665 6469 ommand: nativedi\n-00035570: 736b 0a20 2020 2020 5377 6974 6368 2066 sk. Switch f\n-00035580: 726f 6d20 6669 726d 7761 7265 2064 6973 rom firmware dis\n-00035590: 6b20 6472 6976 6572 7320 746f 206e 6174 k drivers to nat\n-000355a0: 6976 6520 6f6e 6573 2e20 2052 6561 6c6c ive ones. Reall\n-000355b0: 7920 7573 6566 756c 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e y useful. on\n-000355c0: 6c79 206f 6e20 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 ly on platforms \n-000355d0: 7768 6572 6520 626f 7468 2066 6972 6d77 where both firmw\n-000355e0: 6172 6520 616e 6420 6e61 7469 7665 2064 are and native d\n-000355f0: 6973 6b20 6472 6976 6573 2061 7265 0a20 isk drives are. \n-00035600: 2020 2020 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 available. \n-00035610: 4375 7272 656e 746c 7920 6933 3836 2d70 Currently i386-p\n-00035620: 632c 2069 3338 362d 6566 692c 2069 3338 c, i386-efi, i38\n-00035630: 362d 6965 6565 3132 3735 2061 6e64 0a20 6-ieee1275 and. \n-00035640: 2020 2020 7838 365f 3634 2d65 6669 2e0a x86_64-efi..\n-00035650: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00035660: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6f72 6d61 fo, Node: norma\n-00035670: 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c l, Next: normal\n-00035680: 5f65 7869 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e61 _exit, Prev: na\n-00035690: 7469 7665 6469 736b 2c20 2055 703a 2043 tivedisk, Up: C\n-000356a0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n-000356b0: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3120 6e6f ands..17.4.51 no\n-000356c0: 726d 616c 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rmal.-----------\n-000356d0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-000356e0: 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c 205b 6669 6c65 5d0a : normal [file].\n-000356f0: 2020 2020 2045 6e74 6572 206e 6f72 6d61 Enter norma\n-00035700: 6c20 6d6f 6465 2061 6e64 2064 6973 706c l mode and displ\n-00035710: 6179 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 6d65 6e75 ay the GRUB menu\n-00035720: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 496e 206e 6f72 6d61 ... In norma\n-00035730: 6c20 6d6f 6465 2c20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 l mode, commands\n-00035740: 2c20 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 206d 6f64 , filesystem mod\n-00035750: 756c 6573 2c20 616e 6420 6372 7970 746f ules, and crypto\n-00035760: 6772 6170 6879 0a20 2020 2020 6d6f 6475 graphy. modu\n-00035770: 6c65 7320 6172 6520 6175 746f 6d61 7469 les are automati\n-00035780: 6361 6c6c 7920 6c6f 6164 6564 2c20 616e cally loaded, an\n-00035790: 6420 7468 6520 6675 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 d the full GRUB \n-000357a0: 7363 7269 7074 2070 6172 7365 720a 2020 script parser. \n-000357b0: 2020 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e is available.\n-000357c0: 2020 4f74 6865 7220 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 Other modules \n-000357d0: 6d61 7920 6265 2065 7870 6c69 6369 746c may be explicitl\n-000357e0: 7920 6c6f 6164 6564 2075 7369 6e67 0a20 y loaded using. \n-000357f0: 2020 2020 e280 9869 6e73 6d6f 64e2 8099 ...insmod...\n-00035800: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 696e 736d 6f64 3a3a (*note insmod::\n-00035810: 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6120 4649 )... If a FI\n-00035820: 4c45 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2074 6865 LE is given, the\n-00035830: 6e20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2077 696c 6c20 n commands will \n-00035840: 6265 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6861 be read from tha\n-00035850: 7420 6669 6c65 2e0a 2020 2020 204f 7468 t file.. Oth\n-00035860: 6572 7769 7365 2c20 7468 6579 2077 696c erwise, they wil\n-00035870: 6c20 6265 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 20e2 l be read from .\n-00035880: 8098 2470 7265 6669 782f 6772 7562 2e63 ..$prefix/grub.c\n-00035890: 6667 e280 9920 6966 2069 7420 6578 6973 fg... if it exis\n-000358a0: 7473 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 986e 6f72 ts... ...nor\n-000358b0: 6d61 6ce2 8099 206d 6179 2062 6520 6361 mal... may be ca\n-000358c0: 6c6c 6564 2066 726f 6d20 7769 7468 696e lled from within\n-000358d0: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 2c20 6372 normal mode, cr\n-000358e0: 6561 7469 6e67 2061 206e 6573 7465 640a eating a nested.\n-000358f0: 2020 2020 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 environment\n-00035900: 2e20 2049 7420 6973 206d 6f72 6520 7573 . It is more us\n-00035910: 7561 6c20 746f 2075 7365 20e2 8098 636f ual to use ...co\n-00035920: 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 e280 9920 282a 6e6f nfigfile... (*no\n-00035930: 7465 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 6669 te. configfi\n-00035940: 6c65 3a3a 2920 666f 7220 7468 6973 2e0a le::) for this..\n-00035950: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00035960: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6f72 6d61 fo, Node: norma\n-00035970: 6c5f 6578 6974 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2070 l_exit, Next: p\n-00035980: 6172 7474 6f6f 6c2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 arttool, Prev: \n-00035990: 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d normal, Up: Com\n-000359a0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-000359b0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3220 6e6f 726d ds..17.4.52 norm\n-000359c0: 616c 5f65 7869 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d al_exit.--------\n-000359d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n-000359e0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c Command: normal\n-000359f0: 5f65 7869 740a 2020 2020 2045 7869 7420 _exit. Exit \n-00035a00: 6e6f 726d 616c 206d 6f64 6520 282a 6e6f normal mode (*no\n-00035a10: 7465 206e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a29 2e20 2049 te normal::). I\n-00035a20: 6620 7468 6973 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 6520 f this instance \n-00035a30: 6f66 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 0a20 of normal mode. \n-00035a40: 2020 2020 7761 7320 6e6f 7420 6e65 7374 was not nest\n-00035a50: 6564 2077 6974 6869 6e20 616e 6f74 6865 ed within anothe\n-00035a60: 7220 6f6e 652c 2074 6865 6e20 7265 7475 r one, then retu\n-00035a70: 726e 2074 6f20 7265 7363 7565 206d 6f64 rn to rescue mod\n-00035a80: 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 e.....File: grub\n-00035a90: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7061 .info, Node: pa\n-00035aa0: 7274 746f 6f6c 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2070 rttool, Next: p\n-00035ab0: 6173 7377 6f72 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 assword, Prev: \n-00035ac0: 6e6f 726d 616c 5f65 7869 742c 2020 5570 normal_exit, Up\n-00035ad0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n-00035ae0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3533 ommands..17.4.53\n-00035af0: 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 6c0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d parttool.------\n-00035b00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n-00035b10: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2070 6172 7474 6f6f Command: parttoo\n-00035b20: 6c20 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 636f 6d6d l partition comm\n-00035b30: 616e 6473 0a20 2020 2020 4d61 6b65 2076 ands. Make v\n-00035b40: 6172 696f 7573 206d 6f64 6966 6963 6174 arious modificat\n-00035b50: 696f 6e73 2074 6f20 7061 7274 6974 696f ions to partitio\n-00035b60: 6e20 7461 626c 6520 656e 7472 6965 732e n table entries.\n-00035b70: 0a0a 2020 2020 2045 6163 6820 434f 4d4d .. Each COMM\n-00035b80: 414e 4420 6973 2065 6974 6865 7220 6120 AND is either a \n-00035b90: 626f 6f6c 6561 6e20 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 boolean option, \n-00035ba0: 696e 2077 6869 6368 2063 6173 6520 6974 in which case it\n-00035bb0: 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a20 2020 2020 666f must be. fo\n-00035bc0: 6c6c 6f77 6564 2077 6974 6820 e280 982b llowed with ...+\n-00035bd0: e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 2de2 8099 2028 ... or ...-... (\n-00035be0: 7769 7468 206e 6f20 696e 7465 7276 656e with no interven\n-00035bf0: 696e 6720 7370 6163 6529 2074 6f20 656e ing space) to en\n-00035c00: 6162 6c65 206f 720a 2020 2020 2064 6973 able or. dis\n-00035c10: 6162 6c65 2074 6861 7420 6f70 7469 6f6e able that option\n-00035c20: 2c20 6f72 2065 6c73 6520 6974 2074 616b , or else it tak\n-00035c30: 6573 2061 2076 616c 7565 2069 6e20 7468 es a value in th\n-00035c40: 6520 666f 726d 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9843 e form. ...C\n-00035c50: 4f4d 4d41 4e44 3d56 414c 5545 e280 992e OMMAND=VALUE....\n-00035c60: 0a0a 2020 2020 2043 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 .. Currently\n-00035c70: 2c20 e280 9870 6172 7474 6f6f 6ce2 8099 , ...parttool...\n-00035c80: 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 6675 6c20 is only useful \n-00035c90: 6f6e 2044 4f53 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e on DOS partition\n-00035ca0: 2074 6162 6c65 7320 2861 6c73 6f0a 2020 tables (also. \n-00035cb0: 2020 206b 6e6f 776e 2061 7320 4d61 7374 known as Mast\n-00035cc0: 6572 2042 6f6f 7420 5265 636f 7264 2c20 er Boot Record, \n-00035cd0: 6f72 204d 4252 292e 204f 6e20 7468 6573 or MBR). On thes\n-00035ce0: 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7461 626c e partition tabl\n-00035cf0: 6573 2c0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2066 6f6c es,. the fol\n-00035d00: 6c6f 7769 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 lowing commands \n-00035d10: 6172 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 653a 0a0a are available:..\n-00035d20: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 e280 9920 ...boot... \n-00035d30: 2862 6f6f 6c65 616e 290a 2020 2020 2020 (boolean). \n-00035d40: 2020 2020 5768 656e 2065 6e61 626c 6564 When enabled\n-00035d50: 2c20 7468 6973 206d 616b 6573 2074 6865 , this makes the\n-00035d60: 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 7061 7274 6974 selected partit\n-00035d70: 696f 6e20 6265 2074 6865 2061 6374 6976 ion be the activ\n-00035d80: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2862 6f6f e. (boo\n-00035d90: 7461 626c 6529 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e table) partition\n-00035da0: 206f 6e20 6974 7320 6469 736b 2c20 636c on its disk, cl\n-00035db0: 6561 7269 6e67 2074 6865 2061 6374 6976 earing the activ\n-00035dc0: 6520 666c 6167 206f 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 e flag on. \n-00035dd0: 2020 2020 616c 6c20 6f74 6865 7220 7061 all other pa\n-00035de0: 7274 6974 696f 6e73 2e20 2054 6869 7320 rtitions. This \n-00035df0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206c 696d 6974 command is limit\n-00035e00: 6564 2074 6f20 5f70 7269 6d61 7279 5f0a ed to _primary_.\n-00035e10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6974 partit\n-00035e20: 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9874 ions... ...t\n-00035e30: 7970 65e2 8099 2028 7661 6c75 6529 0a20 ype... (value). \n-00035e40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 6861 6e67 6520 Change \n-00035e50: 7468 6520 7479 7065 206f 6620 616e 2065 the type of an e\n-00035e60: 7869 7374 696e 6720 7061 7274 6974 696f xisting partitio\n-00035e70: 6e2e 2020 5468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6d75 n. The value mu\n-00035e80: 7374 2062 6520 610a 2020 2020 2020 2020 st be a. \n-00035e90: 2020 6e75 6d62 6572 2069 6e20 7468 6520 number in the \n-00035ea0: 7261 6e67 6520 302d 3078 4646 2028 7072 range 0-0xFF (pr\n-00035eb0: 6566 6978 2077 6974 6820 e280 9830 78e2 efix with ...0x.\n-00035ec0: 8099 2074 6f20 656e 7465 7220 6974 2069 .. to enter it i\n-00035ed0: 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6865 7861 n. hexa\n-00035ee0: 6465 6369 6d61 6c29 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 decimal)... \n-00035ef0: e280 9868 6964 6465 6ee2 8099 2028 626f ...hidden... (bo\n-00035f00: 6f6c 6561 6e29 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 olean). \n-00035f10: 2057 6865 6e20 656e 6162 6c65 642c 2074 When enabled, t\n-00035f20: 6869 7320 6869 6465 7320 7468 6520 7365 his hides the se\n-00035f30: 6c65 6374 6564 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e lected partition\n-00035f40: 2062 7920 7365 7474 696e 6720 7468 650a by setting the.\n-00035f50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 9c68 6964 ...hid\n-00035f60: 6465 6ee2 809d 2062 6974 2069 6e20 6974 den... bit in it\n-00035f70: 7320 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7479 7065 s partition type\n-00035f80: 2063 6f64 653b 2077 6865 6e20 6469 7361 code; when disa\n-00035f90: 626c 6564 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 bled,. \n-00035fa0: 756e 6869 6465 7320 7468 6520 7365 6c65 unhides the sele\n-00035fb0: 6374 6564 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2062 cted partition b\n-00035fc0: 7920 636c 6561 7269 6e67 2074 6869 7320 y clearing this \n-00035fd0: 6269 742e 2020 5468 6973 2069 730a 2020 bit. This is. \n-00035fe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7573 6566 756c 206f useful o\n-00035ff0: 6e6c 7920 7768 656e 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 nly when booting\n-00036000: 2044 4f53 206f 7220 5769 6e64 6f77 7320 DOS or Windows \n-00036010: 616e 6420 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2070 7269 and multiple pri\n-00036020: 6d61 7279 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 mary. F\n-00036030: 4154 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 6578 AT partitions ex\n-00036040: 6973 7420 696e 206f 6e65 2064 6973 6b2e ist in one disk.\n-00036050: 2020 5365 6520 616c 736f 202a 6e6f 7465 See also *note\n-00036060: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 4f53 2f57 . DOS/W\n-00036070: 696e 646f 7773 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c indows::.....Fil\n-00036080: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00036090: 6f64 653a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 642c 2020 ode: password, \n-000360a0: 4e65 7874 3a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 Next: password_p\n-000360b0: 626b 6466 322c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7061 bkdf2, Prev: pa\n-000360c0: 7274 746f 6f6c 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d rttool, Up: Com\n-000360d0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-000360e0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3420 7061 7373 ds..17.4.54 pass\n-000360f0: 776f 7264 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d word.-----------\n-00036100: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-00036110: 6e64 3a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 2075 7365 nd: password use\n-00036120: 7220 636c 6561 722d 7061 7373 776f 7264 r clear-password\n-00036130: 0a20 2020 2020 4465 6669 6e65 2061 2075 . Define a u\n-00036140: 7365 7220 6e61 6d65 6420 5553 4552 2077 ser named USER w\n-00036150: 6974 6820 7061 7373 776f 7264 2043 4c45 ith password CLE\n-00036160: 4152 2d50 4153 5357 4f52 442e 2020 2a4e AR-PASSWORD. *N\n-00036170: 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2053 6563 7572 6974 ote. Securit\n-00036180: 793a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 y::.....File: gr\n-00036190: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-000361a0: 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 322c password_pbkdf2,\n-000361b0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 Next: plainmou\n-000361c0: 6e74 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2070 6173 7377 nt, Prev: passw\n-000361d0: 6f72 642c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e ord, Up: Comman\n-000361e0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n-000361f0: 0a31 372e 342e 3535 2070 6173 7377 6f72 .17.4.55 passwor\n-00036200: 645f 7062 6b64 6632 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d d_pbkdf2.-------\n+0002da00: 2020 2020 2020 5265 7472 6965 7665 2053 Retrieve S\n+0002da10: 4d42 494f 5320 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f MBIOS informatio\n+0002da20: 6e0a 2a20 736f 7572 6365 3a3a 2020 2020 n.* source:: \n+0002da30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002da40: 2020 5265 6164 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 Read a configu\n+0002da50: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 696e 2073 ration file in s\n+0002da60: 616d 6520 636f 6e74 6578 740a 2a20 7465 ame context.* te\n+0002da70: 7374 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 st:: \n+0002da80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4368 6563 Chec\n+0002da90: 6b20 6669 6c65 2074 7970 6573 2061 6e64 k file types and\n+0002daa0: 2063 6f6d 7061 7265 2076 616c 7565 730a compare values.\n+0002dab0: 2a20 7472 7565 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 * true:: \n+0002dac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002dad0: 446f 206e 6f74 6869 6e67 2c20 7375 6363 Do nothing, succ\n+0002dae0: 6573 7366 756c 6c79 0a2a 2074 7275 7374 essfully.* trust\n+0002daf0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n+0002db00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 6464 2070 7562 Add pub\n+0002db10: 6c69 6320 6b65 7920 746f 206c 6973 7420 lic key to list \n+0002db20: 6f66 2074 7275 7374 6564 206b 6579 730a of trusted keys.\n+0002db30: 2a20 756e 7365 743a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 * unset:: \n+0002db40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002db50: 556e 7365 7420 616e 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Unset an environ\n+0002db60: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 650a 2a20 ment variable.* \n+0002db70: 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 643a verify_detached:\n+0002db80: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5665 : Ve\n+0002db90: 7269 6679 2064 6574 6163 6865 6420 6469 rify detached di\n+0002dba0: 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 650a gital signature.\n+0002dbb0: 2a20 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 6f3a 3a20 2020 * videoinfo:: \n+0002dbc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0002dbd0: 4c69 7374 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2076 List available v\n+0002dbe0: 6964 656f 206d 6f64 6573 0a2a 2077 726d ideo modes.* wrm\n+0002dbf0: 7372 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 sr:: \n+0002dc00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2057 7269 7465 Write\n+0002dc10: 2076 616c 7565 7320 746f 206d 6f64 656c values to model\n+0002dc20: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 7265 6769 7374 -specific regist\n+0002dc30: 6572 730a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ers....File: gru\n+0002dc40: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 205b b.info, Node: [\n+0002dc50: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2061 6370 692c 2020 , Next: acpi, \n+0002dc60: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n+0002dc70: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n+0002dc80: 3120 5b0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 1 [.--------.. -\n+0002dc90: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 205b 2065 7870 - Command: [ exp\n+0002dca0: 7265 7373 696f 6e20 5d0a 2020 2020 2041 ression ]. A\n+0002dcb0: 6c69 6173 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 7465 7374 lias for ...test\n+0002dcc0: 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4ee2 8099 2028 EXPRESSION... (\n+0002dcd0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 7465 7374 3a3a 292e 0a0a *note test::)...\n+0002dce0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0002dcf0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6163 7069 2c20 o, Node: acpi, \n+0002dd00: 204e 6578 743a 2061 7574 6865 6e74 6963 Next: authentic\n+0002dd10: 6174 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5b2c 2020 ate, Prev: [, \n+0002dd20: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n+0002dd30: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n+0002dd40: 3220 6163 7069 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2 acpi.---------\n+0002dd50: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n+0002dd60: 2061 6370 6920 5b2d 317c 2d32 5d20 5b2d acpi [-1|-2] [-\n+0002dd70: 2d65 7863 6c75 6465 3d74 6162 6c65 312c -exclude=table1,\n+0002dd80: 2e2e 2e7c 2d2d 6c6f 6164 2d6f 6e6c 793d ...|--load-only=\n+0002dd90: 7461 626c 6531 2c2e 2e2e 5d0a 2020 2020 table1,...]. \n+0002dda0: 2020 2020 2020 5b2d 2d6f 656d 6964 3d69 [--oemid=i\n+0002ddb0: 645d 205b 2d2d 6f65 6d74 6162 6c65 3d74 d] [--oemtable=t\n+0002ddc0: 6162 6c65 5d20 5b2d 2d6f 656d 7461 626c able] [--oemtabl\n+0002ddd0: 6572 6576 3d72 6576 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 erev=rev]. \n+0002dde0: 2020 2020 5b2d 2d6f 656d 7461 626c 6563 [--oemtablec\n+0002ddf0: 7265 6174 6f72 3d63 7265 6174 6f72 5d20 reator=creator] \n+0002de00: 5b2d 2d6f 656d 7461 626c 6563 7265 6174 [--oemtablecreat\n+0002de10: 6f72 7265 763d 7265 765d 0a20 2020 2020 orrev=rev]. \n+0002de20: 2020 2020 205b 2d2d 6e6f 2d65 6264 615d [--no-ebda]\n+0002de30: 2066 696c 656e 616d 6520 2e2e 2e0a 2020 filename .... \n+0002de40: 2020 204d 6f64 6572 6e20 4249 4f53 2073 Modern BIOS s\n+0002de50: 7973 7465 6d73 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 ystems normally \n+0002de60: 696d 706c 656d 656e 7420 7468 6520 4164 implement the Ad\n+0002de70: 7661 6e63 6564 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 vanced Configura\n+0002de80: 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 506f tion. and Po\n+0002de90: 7765 7220 496e 7465 7266 6163 6520 2841 wer Interface (A\n+0002dea0: 4350 4929 2c20 616e 6420 6465 6669 6e65 CPI), and define\n+0002deb0: 2076 6172 696f 7573 2074 6162 6c65 7320 various tables \n+0002dec0: 7468 6174 2064 6573 6372 6962 650a 2020 that describe. \n+0002ded0: 2020 2074 6865 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 the interface\n+0002dee0: 2062 6574 7765 656e 2061 6e20 4143 5049 between an ACPI\n+0002def0: 2d63 6f6d 706c 6961 6e74 206f 7065 7261 -compliant opera\n+0002df00: 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 616e 6420 ting system and \n+0002df10: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2066 6972 6d77 6172 the. firmwar\n+0002df20: 652e 2020 496e 2073 6f6d 6520 6361 7365 e. In some case\n+0002df30: 732c 2074 6865 2074 6162 6c65 7320 7072 s, the tables pr\n+0002df40: 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 6465 6661 756c ovided by defaul\n+0002df50: 7420 6f6e 6c79 2077 6f72 6b0a 2020 2020 t only work. \n+0002df60: 2077 656c 6c20 7769 7468 2063 6572 7461 well with certa\n+0002df70: 696e 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 in operating sys\n+0002df80: 7465 6d73 2c20 616e 6420 6974 206d 6179 tems, and it may\n+0002df90: 2062 6520 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 746f be necessary to\n+0002dfa0: 0a20 2020 2020 7265 706c 6163 6520 736f . replace so\n+0002dfb0: 6d65 206f 6620 7468 656d 2e0a 0a20 2020 me of them... \n+0002dfc0: 2020 4e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2c20 7468 6973 Normally, this\n+0002dfd0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 7265 command will re\n+0002dfe0: 706c 6163 6520 7468 6520 526f 6f74 2053 place the Root S\n+0002dff0: 7973 7465 6d20 4465 7363 7269 7074 696f ystem Descriptio\n+0002e000: 6e0a 2020 2020 2050 6f69 6e74 6572 2028 n. Pointer (\n+0002e010: 5253 4450 2920 696e 2074 6865 2045 7874 RSDP) in the Ext\n+0002e020: 656e 6465 6420 4249 4f53 2044 6174 6120 ended BIOS Data \n+0002e030: 4172 6561 2074 6f20 706f 696e 7420 746f Area to point to\n+0002e040: 2074 6865 206e 6577 0a20 2020 2020 7461 the new. ta\n+0002e050: 626c 6573 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 e280 bles. If the ..\n+0002e060: 982d 2d6e 6f2d 6562 6461 e280 9920 6f70 .--no-ebda... op\n+0002e070: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7573 6564 2c20 7468 tion is used, th\n+0002e080: 6520 6e65 7720 7461 626c 6573 2077 696c e new tables wil\n+0002e090: 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 6b6e 6f77 6e20 l be. known \n+0002e0a0: 6f6e 6c79 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2c20 6275 only to GRUB, bu\n+0002e0b0: 7420 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 6279 t may be used by\n+0002e0c0: 2047 5255 4227 7320 4546 4920 656d 756c GRUB's EFI emul\n+0002e0d0: 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 ation... Not\n+0002e0e0: 653a 2054 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 e: The command i\n+0002e0f0: 7320 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 7768 s not allowed wh\n+0002e100: 656e 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e20 6973 2065 en lockdown is e\n+0002e110: 6e66 6f72 6365 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 nforced (*note. \n+0002e120: 2020 2020 4c6f 636b 646f 776e 3a3a 292e Lockdown::).\n+0002e130: 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 616e 2061 Otherwise an a\n+0002e140: 7474 6163 6b65 7220 6361 6e20 696e 7374 ttacker can inst\n+0002e150: 7275 6374 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 746f ruct the GRUB to\n+0002e160: 206c 6f61 640a 2020 2020 2061 6e20 5353 load. an SS\n+0002e170: 4454 2074 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6f76 6572 DT table to over\n+0002e180: 7772 6974 6520 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c write the kernel\n+0002e190: 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e20 636f 6e66 6967 lockdown config\n+0002e1a0: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 616e 640a 2020 2020 uration and. \n+0002e1b0: 206c 6174 6572 206c 6f61 6420 616e 6420 later load and \n+0002e1c0: 6578 6563 7574 6520 756e 7369 676e 6564 execute unsigned\n+0002e1d0: 2063 6f64 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 code.....File: \n+0002e1e0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+0002e1f0: 3a20 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7465 2c20 : authenticate, \n+0002e200: 204e 6578 743a 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e Next: backgroun\n+0002e210: 645f 636f 6c6f 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 d_color, Prev: \n+0002e220: 6163 7069 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 acpi, Up: Comma\n+0002e230: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+0002e240: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 2061 7574 6865 6e74 ..17.4.3 authent\n+0002e250: 6963 6174 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d icate.----------\n+0002e260: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+0002e270: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6175 7468 656e 7469 ommand: authenti\n+0002e280: 6361 7465 205b 7573 6572 6c69 7374 5d0a cate [userlist].\n+0002e290: 2020 2020 2043 6865 636b 2077 6865 7468 Check wheth\n+0002e2a0: 6572 2075 7365 7220 6973 2069 6e20 5553 er user is in US\n+0002e2b0: 4552 4c49 5354 206f 7220 6c69 7374 6564 ERLIST or listed\n+0002e2c0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 in the value of\n+0002e2d0: 0a20 2020 2020 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 . variable .\n+0002e2e0: 8098 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 e280 992e ..superusers....\n+0002e2f0: 2020 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 7375 7065 See *note supe\n+0002e300: 7275 7365 7273 3a3a 2066 6f72 2076 616c rusers:: for val\n+0002e310: 6964 2075 7365 7220 6c69 7374 0a20 2020 id user list. \n+0002e320: 2020 666f 726d 6174 2e20 2049 6620 e280 format. If ..\n+0002e330: 9873 7570 6572 7573 6572 73e2 8099 2069 .superusers... i\n+0002e340: 7320 656d 7074 792c 2074 6869 7320 636f s empty, this co\n+0002e350: 6d6d 616e 6420 7265 7475 726e 7320 7472 mmand returns tr\n+0002e360: 7565 2e0a 2020 2020 202a 4e6f 7465 2053 ue.. *Note S\n+0002e370: 6563 7572 6974 793a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 ecurity::.....Fi\n+0002e380: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+0002e390: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 Node: background\n+0002e3a0: 5f63 6f6c 6f72 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2062 _color, Next: b\n+0002e3b0: 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f 696d 6167 652c ackground_image,\n+0002e3c0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6175 7468 656e 7469 Prev: authenti\n+0002e3d0: 6361 7465 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 cate, Up: Comma\n+0002e3e0: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+0002e3f0: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 2062 6163 6b67 726f ..17.4.4 backgro\n+0002e400: 756e 645f 636f 6c6f 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d und_color.------\n+0002e410: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0002e420: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+0002e430: 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 5f63 6f6c 6f72 background_color\n+0002e440: 2063 6f6c 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 5365 7420 color. Set \n+0002e450: 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 2063 6f6c 6f72 background color\n+0002e460: 2066 6f72 2061 6374 6976 6520 7465 726d for active term\n+0002e470: 696e 616c 2e20 2046 6f72 2076 616c 6964 inal. For valid\n+0002e480: 2063 6f6c 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 color. spec\n+0002e490: 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e73 2073 6565 202a ifications see *\n+0002e4a0: 6e6f 7465 2043 6f6c 6f72 733a 2054 6865 note Colors: The\n+0002e4b0: 6d65 2066 696c 6520 666f 726d 6174 2e20 me file format. \n+0002e4c0: 2042 6163 6b67 726f 756e 640a 2020 2020 Background. \n+0002e4d0: 2063 6f6c 6f72 2063 616e 2062 6520 6368 color can be ch\n+0002e4e0: 616e 6765 6420 6f6e 6c79 2077 6865 6e20 anged only when \n+0002e4f0: 7573 696e 6720 e280 9867 6678 7465 726d using ...gfxterm\n+0002e500: e280 9920 666f 7220 7465 726d 696e 616c ... for terminal\n+0002e510: 206f 7574 7075 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 output... T\n+0002e520: 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7365 7473 his command sets\n+0002e530: 2063 6f6c 6f72 206f 6620 656d 7074 7920 color of empty \n+0002e540: 6172 6561 7320 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7465 areas without te\n+0002e550: 7874 2e20 2054 6578 740a 2020 2020 2062 xt. Text. b\n+0002e560: 6163 6b67 726f 756e 6420 636f 6c6f 7220 ackground color \n+0002e570: 6973 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c65 6420 6279 is controlled by\n+0002e580: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+0002e590: 6961 626c 6573 0a20 2020 2020 434f 4c4f iables. COLO\n+0002e5a0: 525f 4e4f 524d 414c 2c20 434f 4c4f 525f R_NORMAL, COLOR_\n+0002e5b0: 4849 4748 4c49 4748 542c 204d 454e 555f HIGHLIGHT, MENU_\n+0002e5c0: 434f 4c4f 525f 4e4f 524d 414c 2c0a 2020 COLOR_NORMAL,. \n+0002e5d0: 2020 204d 454e 555f 434f 4c4f 525f 4849 MENU_COLOR_HI\n+0002e5e0: 4748 4c49 4748 542e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 GHLIGHT. *Note \n+0002e5f0: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d Special environm\n+0002e600: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 733a 3a2e ent variables::.\n+0002e610: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+0002e620: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 636b nfo, Node: back\n+0002e630: 6772 6f75 6e64 5f69 6d61 6765 2c20 204e ground_image, N\n+0002e640: 6578 743a 2062 6164 7261 6d2c 2020 5072 ext: badram, Pr\n+0002e650: 6576 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 5f63 ev: background_c\n+0002e660: 6f6c 6f72 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 olor, Up: Comma\n+0002e670: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+0002e680: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 2062 6163 6b67 726f ..17.4.5 backgro\n+0002e690: 756e 645f 696d 6167 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d und_image.------\n+0002e6a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0002e6b0: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+0002e6c0: 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 5f69 6d61 6765 background_image\n+0002e6d0: 205b 5b2d 2d6d 6f64 6520 7374 7265 7463 [[--mode stretc\n+0002e6e0: 687c 6e6f 726d 616c 5d20 6669 6c65 5d0a h|normal] file].\n+0002e6f0: 2020 2020 204c 6f61 6420 6261 636b 6772 Load backgr\n+0002e700: 6f75 6e64 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 2061 ound image for a\n+0002e710: 6374 6976 6520 7465 726d 696e 616c 2066 ctive terminal f\n+0002e720: 726f 6d20 4649 4c45 2e20 2049 6d61 6765 rom FILE. Image\n+0002e730: 2069 730a 2020 2020 2073 7472 6574 6368 is. stretch\n+0002e740: 6564 2074 6f20 6669 6c6c 2075 7020 656e ed to fill up en\n+0002e750: 7469 7265 2073 6372 6565 6e20 756e 6c65 tire screen unle\n+0002e760: 7373 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d6d ss option ...--m\n+0002e770: 6f64 65e2 8099 20e2 8098 6e6f 726d 616c ode... ...normal\n+0002e780: e280 990a 2020 2020 2069 7320 6769 7665 .... is give\n+0002e790: 6e2e 2020 5769 7468 6f75 7420 6172 6775 n. Without argu\n+0002e7a0: 6d65 6e74 7320 7265 6d6f 7665 2063 7572 ments remove cur\n+0002e7b0: 7265 6e74 6c79 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6261 rently loaded ba\n+0002e7c0: 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 696d ckground. im\n+0002e7d0: 6167 652e 2020 4261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 age. Background\n+0002e7e0: 2069 6d61 6765 2063 616e 2062 6520 6368 image can be ch\n+0002e7f0: 616e 6765 6420 6f6e 6c79 2077 6865 6e20 anged only when \n+0002e800: 7573 696e 6720 e280 9867 6678 7465 726d using ...gfxterm\n+0002e810: e280 990a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2074 6572 .... for ter\n+0002e820: 6d69 6e61 6c20 6f75 7470 7574 2e0a 0a1f minal output....\n+0002e830: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+0002e840: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2062 6164 7261 6d2c , Node: badram,\n+0002e850: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 Next: blocklis\n+0002e860: 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6261 636b 6772 t, Prev: backgr\n+0002e870: 6f75 6e64 5f69 6d61 6765 2c20 2055 703a ound_image, Up:\n+0002e880: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+0002e890: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 2062 mmands..17.4.6 b\n+0002e8a0: 6164 7261 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d adram.----------\n+0002e8b0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+0002e8c0: 3a20 6261 6472 616d 2061 6464 722c 6d61 : badram addr,ma\n+0002e8d0: 736b 5b2c 6164 6472 2c6d 6173 6b2e 2e2e sk[,addr,mask...\n+0002e8e0: 5d0a 2020 2020 2046 696c 7465 7220 6f75 ]. Filter ou\n+0002e8f0: 7420 6261 6420 5241 4d2e 0a0a 2020 2020 t bad RAM... \n+0002e900: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6e6f This command no\n+0002e910: 7469 6669 6573 2074 6865 206d 656d 6f72 tifies the memor\n+0002e920: 7920 6d61 6e61 6765 7220 7468 6174 2073 y manager that s\n+0002e930: 7065 6369 6669 6564 2072 6567 696f 6e73 pecified regions\n+0002e940: 206f 660a 2020 2020 2052 414d 206f 7567 of. RAM oug\n+0002e950: 6874 2074 6f20 6265 2066 696c 7465 7265 ht to be filtere\n+0002e960: 6420 6f75 7420 2875 7375 616c 6c79 2c20 d out (usually, \n+0002e970: 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 6579 2772 6520 because they're \n+0002e980: 6461 6d61 6765 6429 2e0a 2020 2020 2054 damaged).. T\n+0002e990: 6869 7320 7265 6d61 696e 7320 696e 2065 his remains in e\n+0002e9a0: 6666 6563 7420 6166 7465 7220 6120 7061 ffect after a pa\n+0002e9b0: 796c 6f61 6420 6b65 726e 656c 2068 6173 yload kernel has\n+0002e9c0: 2062 6565 6e20 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 790a been loaded by.\n+0002e9d0: 2020 2020 2047 5255 422c 2061 7320 6c6f GRUB, as lo\n+0002e9e0: 6e67 2061 7320 7468 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 ng as the loaded\n+0002e9f0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6f62 7461 696e 7320 kernel obtains \n+0002ea00: 6974 7320 6d65 6d6f 7279 206d 6170 2066 its memory map f\n+0002ea10: 726f 6d0a 2020 2020 2047 5255 422e 2020 rom. GRUB. \n+0002ea20: 4b65 726e 656c 7320 7468 6174 2073 7570 Kernels that sup\n+0002ea30: 706f 7274 2074 6869 7320 696e 636c 7564 port this includ\n+0002ea40: 6520 4c69 6e75 782c 2047 4e55 204d 6163 e Linux, GNU Mac\n+0002ea50: 682c 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 726e h, the. kern\n+0002ea60: 656c 206f 6620 4672 6565 4253 4420 616e el of FreeBSD an\n+0002ea70: 6420 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 6b65 726e d Multiboot kern\n+0002ea80: 656c 7320 696e 2067 656e 6572 616c 2e0a els in general..\n+0002ea90: 0a20 2020 2020 5379 6e74 6178 2069 7320 . Syntax is \n+0002eaa0: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 7072 6f76 the same as prov\n+0002eab0: 6964 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4d65 6d74 ided by the Memt\n+0002eac0: 6573 7438 362b 2075 7469 6c69 7479 0a20 est86+ utility. \n+0002ead0: 2020 2020 2868 7474 703a 2f2f 7777 772e (http://www.\n+0002eae0: 6d65 6d74 6573 742e 6f72 672f 293a 2061 memtest.org/): a\n+0002eaf0: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2061 6464 7265 7373 list of address\n+0002eb00: 2f6d 6173 6b20 7061 6972 732e 2020 4769 /mask pairs. Gi\n+0002eb10: 7665 6e20 610a 2020 2020 2070 6167 652d ven a. page-\n+0002eb20: 616c 6967 6e65 6420 6164 6472 6573 7320 aligned address \n+0002eb30: 616e 6420 6120 6261 7365 2061 6464 7265 and a base addre\n+0002eb40: 7373 202f 206d 6173 6b20 7061 6972 2c20 ss / mask pair, \n+0002eb50: 6966 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 if all the. \n+0002eb60: 6269 7473 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 6765 bits of the page\n+0002eb70: 2d61 6c69 676e 6564 2061 6464 7265 7373 -aligned address\n+0002eb80: 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 656e 6162 6c65 that are enable\n+0002eb90: 6420 6279 2074 6865 206d 6173 6b20 6d61 d by the mask ma\n+0002eba0: 7463 680a 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 7468 tch. with th\n+0002ebb0: 6520 6261 7365 2061 6464 7265 7373 2c20 e base address, \n+0002ebc0: 6974 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6869 7320 7061 it means this pa\n+0002ebd0: 6765 2069 7320 746f 2062 6520 6669 6c74 ge is to be filt\n+0002ebe0: 6572 6564 2e20 2054 6869 730a 2020 2020 ered. This. \n+0002ebf0: 2073 796e 7461 7820 6d61 6b65 7320 6974 syntax makes it\n+0002ec00: 2065 6173 7920 746f 2072 6570 7265 7365 easy to represe\n+0002ec10: 6e74 2070 6174 7465 726e 7320 7468 6174 nt patterns that\n+0002ec20: 2061 7265 206f 6674 656e 2072 6573 756c are often resul\n+0002ec30: 7420 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6d6f 7279 t of. memory\n+0002ec40: 2064 616d 6167 652c 2064 7565 2074 6f20 damage, due to \n+0002ec50: 7068 7973 6963 616c 2064 6973 7472 6962 physical distrib\n+0002ec60: 7574 696f 6e20 6f66 206d 656d 6f72 7920 ution of memory \n+0002ec70: 6365 6c6c 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 cells... The\n+0002ec80: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 7369 6d69 command is simi\n+0002ec90: 6c61 7220 746f 20e2 8098 6375 746d 656d lar to ...cutmem\n+0002eca0: e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a 2020 ... command... \n+0002ecb0: 2020 204e 6f74 653a 2054 6865 2063 6f6d Note: The com\n+0002ecc0: 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f mand is not allo\n+0002ecd0: 7765 6420 7768 656e 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 wed when lockdow\n+0002ece0: 6e20 6973 2065 6e66 6f72 6365 6420 282a n is enforced (*\n+0002ecf0: 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 636b 646f note. Lockdo\n+0002ed00: 776e 3a3a 292e 2020 5468 6973 2070 7265 wn::). This pre\n+0002ed10: 7665 6e74 7320 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 2045 vents removing E\n+0002ed20: 4649 206d 656d 6f72 7920 7265 6769 6f6e FI memory region\n+0002ed30: 7320 746f 0a20 2020 2020 706f 7465 6e74 s to. potent\n+0002ed40: 6961 6c6c 7920 7375 6276 6572 7420 7468 ially subvert th\n+0002ed50: 6520 7365 6375 7269 7479 206d 6563 6861 e security mecha\n+0002ed60: 6e69 736d 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 nisms provided b\n+0002ed70: 7920 7468 6520 5545 4649 0a20 2020 2020 y the UEFI. \n+0002ed80: 7365 6375 7265 2062 6f6f 742e 0a0a 1f0a secure boot.....\n+0002ed90: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+0002eda0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 Node: blocklis\n+0002edb0: 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 626f 6f74 2c20 t, Next: boot, \n+0002edc0: 2050 7265 763a 2062 6164 7261 6d2c 2020 Prev: badram, \n+0002edd0: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n+0002ede0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n+0002edf0: 3720 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 740a 2d2d 2d2d 7 blocklist.----\n+0002ee00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+0002ee10: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2062 6c6f 636b - Command: block\n+0002ee20: 6c69 7374 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 2050 list file. P\n+0002ee30: 7269 6e74 2061 2062 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 rint a block lis\n+0002ee40: 7420 282a 6e6f 7465 2042 6c6f 636b 206c t (*note Block l\n+0002ee50: 6973 7420 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 2920 666f ist syntax::) fo\n+0002ee60: 7220 4649 4c45 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a r FILE.....File:\n+0002ee70: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0002ee80: 653a 2062 6f6f 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 e: boot, Next: \n+0002ee90: 6361 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 626c 6f63 cat, Prev: bloc\n+0002eea0: 6b6c 6973 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d klist, Up: Comm\n+0002eeb0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n+0002eec0: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3820 626f 6f74 0a2d s..17.4.8 boot.-\n+0002eed0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+0002eee0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2062 6f6f 740a 2020 Command: boot. \n+0002eef0: 2020 2042 6f6f 7420 7468 6520 4f53 206f Boot the OS o\n+0002ef00: 7220 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 6572 2077 r chain-loader w\n+0002ef10: 6869 6368 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6c6f hich has been lo\n+0002ef20: 6164 6564 2e20 204f 6e6c 7920 6e65 6365 aded. Only nece\n+0002ef30: 7373 6172 790a 2020 2020 2069 6620 7275 ssary. if ru\n+0002ef40: 6e6e 696e 6720 7468 6520 6675 6c6c 7920 nning the fully \n+0002ef50: 696e 7465 7261 6374 6976 6520 636f 6d6d interactive comm\n+0002ef60: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2028 6974 2069 7320 and-line (it is \n+0002ef70: 696d 706c 6963 6974 2061 740a 2020 2020 implicit at. \n+0002ef80: 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 6120 6d65 the end of a me\n+0002ef90: 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 nu entry).....Fi\n+0002efa0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+0002efb0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6361 742c 2020 4e65 7874 Node: cat, Next\n+0002efc0: 3a20 636c 6561 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 : clear, Prev: \n+0002efd0: 626f 6f74 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 boot, Up: Comma\n+0002efe0: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+0002eff0: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e39 2063 6174 0a2d 2d2d ..17.4.9 cat.---\n+0002f000: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+0002f010: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6361 7420 5b2d 2d64 6f73 mand: cat [--dos\n+0002f020: 5d20 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 4469 7370 ] file. Disp\n+0002f030: 6c61 7920 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 lay the contents\n+0002f040: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2046 494c of the file FIL\n+0002f050: 452e 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 E. This command\n+0002f060: 206d 6179 2062 6520 7573 6566 756c 0a20 may be useful. \n+0002f070: 2020 2020 746f 2072 656d 696e 6420 796f to remind yo\n+0002f080: 7520 6f66 2079 6f75 7220 4f53 2773 2072 u of your OS's r\n+0002f090: 6f6f 7420 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e3a 0a0a oot partition:..\n+0002f0a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 3e20 grub> \n+0002f0b0: 6361 7420 2f65 7463 2f66 7374 6162 0a0a cat /etc/fstab..\n+0002f0c0: 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 e280 982d If the ...-\n+0002f0d0: 2d64 6f73 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 -dos... option i\n+0002f0e0: 7320 7573 6564 2c20 7468 656e 2063 6172 s used, then car\n+0002f0f0: 7269 6167 6520 7265 7475 726e 202f 206e riage return / n\n+0002f100: 6577 206c 696e 650a 2020 2020 2070 6169 ew line. pai\n+0002f110: 7273 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2064 6973 706c rs will be displ\n+0002f120: 6179 6564 2061 7320 6120 7369 6d70 6c65 ayed as a simple\n+0002f130: 206e 6577 206c 696e 652e 2020 4f74 6865 new line. Othe\n+0002f140: 7277 6973 652c 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 rwise, the. \n+0002f150: 6361 7272 6961 6765 2072 6574 7572 6e20 carriage return \n+0002f160: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6469 7370 6c61 7965 will be displaye\n+0002f170: 6420 6173 2061 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2063 d as a control c\n+0002f180: 6861 7261 6374 6572 2028 e280 983c 643e haracter (...\n+0002f190: e280 9929 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 206d 616b ...) to. mak\n+0002f1a0: 6520 6974 2065 6173 6965 7220 746f 2073 e it easier to s\n+0002f1b0: 6565 2077 6865 6e20 626f 6f74 2070 726f ee when boot pro\n+0002f1c0: 626c 656d 7320 6172 6520 6361 7573 6564 blems are caused\n+0002f1d0: 2062 7920 6120 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 by a file. \n+0002f1e0: 666f 726d 6174 7465 6420 7573 696e 6720 formatted using \n+0002f1f0: 444f 532d 7374 796c 6520 6c69 6e65 2065 DOS-style line e\n+0002f200: 6e64 696e 6773 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f ndings... No\n+0002f210: 7465 3a20 e280 9863 6174 e280 9920 6361 te: ...cat... ca\n+0002f220: 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2076 6965 n be used to vie\n+0002f230: 7720 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f w the contents o\n+0002f240: 6620 6465 7669 6365 7320 7573 696e 6720 f devices using \n+0002f250: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2062 6c6f 636b 206c the. block l\n+0002f260: 6973 7420 7379 6e74 6178 2028 2a6e 6f74 ist syntax (*not\n+0002f270: 6520 426c 6f63 6b20 6c69 7374 2073 796e e Block list syn\n+0002f280: 7461 783a 3a29 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 tax::). However\n+0002f290: 2c20 6974 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 , it is not. \n+0002f2a0: 2061 6476 6973 6564 2074 6f20 7669 6577 advised to view\n+0002f2b0: 2062 696e 6172 7920 6461 7461 2062 6563 binary data bec\n+0002f2c0: 6175 7365 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2074 7279 ause it will try\n+0002f2d0: 2074 6f20 6465 636f 6465 2055 5446 2d38 to decode UTF-8\n+0002f2e0: 0a20 2020 2020 7374 7269 6e67 732c 2077 . strings, w\n+0002f2f0: 6869 6368 2063 616e 206c 6561 6420 746f hich can lead to\n+0002f300: 2073 6f6d 6520 6279 7465 7320 6d69 7373 some bytes miss\n+0002f310: 696e 6720 6f72 2061 6464 6564 2069 6e20 ing or added in \n+0002f320: 7468 650a 2020 2020 206f 7574 7075 742e the. output.\n+0002f330: 2020 496e 7374 6561 642c 2075 7365 2074 Instead, use t\n+0002f340: 6865 20e2 8098 6865 7864 756d 70e2 8099 he ...hexdump...\n+0002f350: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 command (*note \n+0002f360: 6865 7864 756d 703a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 hexdump::).....F\n+0002f370: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0002f380: 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6c65 6172 2c20 204e Node: clear, N\n+0002f390: 6578 743a 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e 2c20 ext: cmosclean, \n+0002f3a0: 2050 7265 763a 2063 6174 2c20 2055 703a Prev: cat, Up:\n+0002f3b0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+0002f3c0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3020 mmands..17.4.10 \n+0002f3d0: 636c 6561 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d clear.----------\n+0002f3e0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+0002f3f0: 3a20 636c 6561 720a 2020 2020 2043 6c65 : clear. Cle\n+0002f400: 6172 2074 6865 2073 6372 6565 6e2e 0a0a ar the screen...\n+0002f410: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0002f420: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 6f73 636c o, Node: cmoscl\n+0002f430: 6561 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 636d 6f73 ean, Next: cmos\n+0002f440: 6475 6d70 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 6c65 dump, Prev: cle\n+0002f450: 6172 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ar, Up: Command\n+0002f460: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n+0002f470: 3137 2e34 2e31 3120 636d 6f73 636c 6561 17.4.11 cmosclea\n+0002f480: 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d n.--------------\n+0002f490: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+0002f4a0: 3a20 636d 6f73 636c 6561 6e20 6279 7465 : cmosclean byte\n+0002f4b0: 3a62 6974 0a20 2020 2020 436c 6561 7220 :bit. Clear \n+0002f4c0: 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2062 6974 2069 6e20 value of bit in \n+0002f4d0: 434d 4f53 2061 7420 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e CMOS at location\n+0002f4e0: 2042 5954 453a 4249 542e 2020 5468 6973 BYTE:BIT. This\n+0002f4f0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 730a 2020 2020 command is. \n+0002f500: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e6c 7920 available only \n+0002f510: 6f6e 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2074 6861 on platforms tha\n+0002f520: 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 434d 4f53 2e0a t support CMOS..\n+0002f530: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+0002f540: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6d6f 7364 fo, Node: cmosd\n+0002f550: 756d 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 636d 6f73 ump, Next: cmos\n+0002f560: 7465 7374 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 6d6f test, Prev: cmo\n+0002f570: 7363 6c65 616e 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d sclean, Up: Com\n+0002f580: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+0002f590: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3220 636d 6f73 ds..17.4.12 cmos\n+0002f5a0: 6475 6d70 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d dump.-----------\n+0002f5b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2044 756d 703a -----.. -- Dump:\n+0002f5c0: 2043 4d4f 5320 636f 6e74 656e 7473 0a20 CMOS contents. \n+0002f5d0: 2020 2020 4475 6d70 2066 756c 6c20 434d Dump full CM\n+0002f5e0: 4f53 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6173 2068 OS contents as h\n+0002f5f0: 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c 2076 616c 7565 exadecimal value\n+0002f600: 732e 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 s. This command\n+0002f610: 2069 730a 2020 2020 2061 7661 696c 6162 is. availab\n+0002f620: 6c65 206f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 2070 6c61 7466 le only on platf\n+0002f630: 6f72 6d73 2074 6861 7420 7375 7070 6f72 orms that suppor\n+0002f640: 7420 434d 4f53 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a t CMOS.....File:\n+0002f650: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0002f660: 653a 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 742c 2020 4e65 e: cmostest, Ne\n+0002f670: 7874 3a20 636d 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 xt: cmp, Prev: \n+0002f680: 636d 6f73 6475 6d70 2c20 2055 703a 2043 cmosdump, Up: C\n+0002f690: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n+0002f6a0: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3320 636d ands..17.4.13 cm\n+0002f6b0: 6f73 7465 7374 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ostest.---------\n+0002f6c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+0002f6d0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 2062 mand: cmostest b\n+0002f6e0: 7974 653a 6269 740a 2020 2020 2054 6573 yte:bit. Tes\n+0002f6f0: 7420 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2062 6974 2069 t value of bit i\n+0002f700: 6e20 434d 4f53 2061 7420 6c6f 6361 7469 n CMOS at locati\n+0002f710: 6f6e 2042 5954 453a 4249 542e 2020 4578 on BYTE:BIT. Ex\n+0002f720: 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 6973 0a20 2020 it status is. \n+0002f730: 2020 7a65 726f 2069 6620 6269 7420 6973 zero if bit is\n+0002f740: 2073 6574 2c20 6e6f 6e20 7a65 726f 206f set, non zero o\n+0002f750: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2e20 2054 6869 7320 therwise. This \n+0002f760: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 2061 7661 696c command is avail\n+0002f770: 6162 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e 6c79 206f able. only o\n+0002f780: 6e20 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 7468 6174 n platforms that\n+0002f790: 2073 7570 706f 7274 2043 4d4f 532e 0a0a support CMOS...\n+0002f7a0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0002f7b0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 702c 2020 o, Node: cmp, \n+0002f7c0: 4e65 7874 3a20 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 Next: configfile\n+0002f7d0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 , Prev: cmostes\n+0002f7e0: 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d t, Up: Command-\n+0002f7f0: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+0002f800: 372e 342e 3134 2063 6d70 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 7.4.14 cmp.-----\n+0002f810: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n+0002f820: 616e 643a 2063 6d70 205b 2d76 5d20 6669 and: cmp [-v] fi\n+0002f830: 6c65 3120 6669 6c65 320a 2020 2020 2043 le1 file2. C\n+0002f840: 6f6d 7061 7265 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 ompare the file \n+0002f850: 4649 4c45 3120 7769 7468 2074 6865 2066 FILE1 with the f\n+0002f860: 696c 6520 4649 4c45 322e 2020 4966 2074 ile FILE2. If t\n+0002f870: 6865 7920 6172 6520 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 hey are complete\n+0002f880: 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 6964 656e 7469 6361 ly. identica\n+0002f890: 6c2c 20e2 8098 243f e280 9920 7769 6c6c l, ...$?... will\n+0002f8a0: 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f 2030 2e20 204f be set to 0. O\n+0002f8b0: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c20 6966 2074 6865 therwise, if the\n+0002f8c0: 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 206e 6f74 0a20 files are not. \n+0002f8d0: 2020 2020 6964 656e 7469 6361 6c2c 20e2 identical, .\n+0002f8e0: 8098 243f e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 ..$?... will be \n+0002f8f0: 7365 7420 746f 2061 206e 6f6e 7a65 726f set to a nonzero\n+0002f900: 2076 616c 7565 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4279 value... By\n+0002f910: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206e 6f74 6869 6e67 default nothing\n+0002f920: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 206f 7574 7075 742e will be output.\n+0002f930: 2020 4966 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d76 e280 If the ...-v..\n+0002f940: 9920 6973 2075 7365 642c 2076 6572 626f . is used, verbo\n+0002f950: 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6d6f 6465 2069 7320 se. mode is \n+0002f960: 656e 6162 6c65 642e 2020 496e 2074 6869 enabled. In thi\n+0002f970: 7320 6d6f 6465 2077 6865 6e20 7768 656e s mode when when\n+0002f980: 2074 6865 2066 696c 6573 2064 6966 6665 the files diffe\n+0002f990: 7220 696e 2073 697a 652c 0a20 2020 2020 r in size,. \n+0002f9a0: 7072 696e 7420 7468 6520 7369 7a65 7320 print the sizes \n+0002f9b0: 6c69 6b65 2074 6869 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 like this:.. \n+0002f9c0: 2020 2020 2020 4469 6666 6572 2069 6e20 Differ in \n+0002f9d0: 7369 7a65 3a20 3078 3132 3334 205b 666f size: 0x1234 [fo\n+0002f9e0: 6f5d 2c20 3078 3433 3231 205b 6261 725d o], 0x4321 [bar]\n+0002f9f0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 7369 .. If the si\n+0002fa00: 7a65 7320 6172 6520 6571 7561 6c20 6275 zes are equal bu\n+0002fa10: 7420 7468 6520 6279 7465 7320 6174 2061 t the bytes at a\n+0002fa20: 6e20 6f66 6673 6574 2064 6966 6665 722c n offset differ,\n+0002fa30: 2074 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2070 7269 6e74 then. print\n+0002fa40: 2074 6865 2062 7974 6573 206c 696b 6520 the bytes like \n+0002fa50: 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 this:.. \n+0002fa60: 2044 6966 6665 7220 6174 2074 6865 206f Differ at the o\n+0002fa70: 6666 7365 7420 3737 373a 2030 7862 6520 ffset 777: 0xbe \n+0002fa80: 5b66 6f6f 5d2c 2030 7865 6620 5b62 6172 [foo], 0xef [bar\n+0002fa90: 5d0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e ]....File: grub.\n+0002faa0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e info, Node: con\n+0002fab0: 6669 6766 696c 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 figfile, Next: \n+0002fac0: 6370 7569 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 636d cpuid, Prev: cm\n+0002fad0: 702c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d p, Up: Command-\n+0002fae0: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+0002faf0: 372e 342e 3135 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 7.4.15 configfil\n+0002fb00: 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d e.--------------\n+0002fb10: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+0002fb20: 643a 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 6520 6669 d: configfile fi\n+0002fb30: 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2046 494c le. Load FIL\n+0002fb40: 4520 6173 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 E as a configura\n+0002fb50: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 652e 2020 4966 2046 tion file. If F\n+0002fb60: 494c 4520 6465 6669 6e65 7320 616e 7920 ILE defines any \n+0002fb70: 6d65 6e75 0a20 2020 2020 656e 7472 6965 menu. entrie\n+0002fb80: 732c 2074 6865 6e20 7368 6f77 2061 206d s, then show a m\n+0002fb90: 656e 7520 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 enu containing t\n+0002fba0: 6865 6d20 696d 6d65 6469 6174 656c 792e hem immediately.\n+0002fbb0: 2020 416e 790a 2020 2020 2065 6e76 6972 Any. envir\n+0002fbc0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 onment variable \n+0002fbd0: 6368 616e 6765 7320 6d61 6465 2062 7920 changes made by \n+0002fbe0: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2069 6e20 the commands in \n+0002fbf0: 4649 4c45 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 740a 2020 FILE will not. \n+0002fc00: 2020 2062 6520 7072 6573 6572 7665 6420 be preserved \n+0002fc10: 6166 7465 7220 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 after ...configf\n+0002fc20: 696c 65e2 8099 2072 6574 7572 6e73 2e0a ile... returns..\n+0002fc30: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+0002fc40: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2063 7075 6964 fo, Node: cpuid\n+0002fc50: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 7263 2c20 2050 , Next: crc, P\n+0002fc60: 7265 763a 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 652c rev: configfile,\n+0002fc70: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n+0002fc80: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n+0002fc90: 342e 3136 2063 7075 6964 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 4.16 cpuid.-----\n+0002fca0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n+0002fcb0: 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 7075 6964 205b 2d6c mmand: cpuid [-l\n+0002fcc0: 5d20 5b2d 705d 0a20 2020 2020 4368 6563 ] [-p]. Chec\n+0002fcd0: 6b20 666f 7220 4350 5520 6665 6174 7572 k for CPU featur\n+0002fce0: 6573 2e20 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e es. This comman\n+0002fcf0: 6420 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 d is only availa\n+0002fd00: 626c 6520 6f6e 2078 3836 0a20 2020 2020 ble on x86. \n+0002fd10: 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 systems... W\n+0002fd20: 6974 6820 7468 6520 e280 982d 6ce2 8099 ith the ...-l...\n+0002fd30: 206f 7074 696f 6e2c 2072 6574 7572 6e20 option, return \n+0002fd40: 7472 7565 2069 6620 7468 6520 4350 5520 true if the CPU \n+0002fd50: 7375 7070 6f72 7473 206c 6f6e 6720 6d6f supports long mo\n+0002fd60: 6465 0a20 2020 2020 2836 342d 6269 7429 de. (64-bit)\n+0002fd70: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 2074 6865 ... With the\n+0002fd80: 20e2 8098 2d70 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e ...-p... option\n+0002fd90: 2c20 7265 7475 726e 2074 7275 6520 6966 , return true if\n+0002fda0: 2074 6865 2043 5055 2073 7570 706f 7274 the CPU support\n+0002fdb0: 7320 5068 7973 6963 616c 0a20 2020 2020 s Physical. \n+0002fdc0: 4164 6472 6573 7320 4578 7465 6e73 696f Address Extensio\n+0002fdd0: 6e20 2850 4145 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 n (PAE)... I\n+0002fde0: 6620 696e 766f 6b65 6420 7769 7468 6f75 f invoked withou\n+0002fdf0: 7420 6f70 7469 6f6e 732c 2074 6869 7320 t options, this \n+0002fe00: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6375 7272 656e 746c command currentl\n+0002fe10: 7920 6265 6861 7665 7320 6173 2069 6620 y behaves as if \n+0002fe20: 6974 0a20 2020 2020 6861 6420 6265 656e it. had been\n+0002fe30: 2069 6e76 6f6b 6564 2077 6974 6820 e280 invoked with ..\n+0002fe40: 982d 6ce2 8099 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d61 .-l.... This ma\n+0002fe50: 7920 6368 616e 6765 2069 6e20 7468 6520 y change in the \n+0002fe60: 6675 7475 7265 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a future.....File:\n+0002fe70: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0002fe80: 653a 2063 7263 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2063 e: crc, Next: c\n+0002fe90: 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 2050 7265 ryptomount, Pre\n+0002fea0: 763a 2063 7075 6964 2c20 2055 703a 2043 v: cpuid, Up: C\n+0002feb0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n+0002fec0: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3720 6372 ands..17.4.17 cr\n+0002fed0: 630a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 c.-----------.. \n+0002fee0: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6372 6320 -- Command: crc \n+0002fef0: 6172 6720 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 6c69 arg .... Ali\n+0002ff00: 6173 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 as for ...hashsu\n+0002ff10: 6d20 2d2d 6861 7368 2063 7263 3332 2061 m --hash crc32 a\n+0002ff20: 7267 202e 2e2e e280 992e 2020 5365 6520 rg ....... See \n+0002ff30: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9868 6173 6873 command ...hashs\n+0002ff40: 756d e280 990a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 um.... (*not\n+0002ff50: 6520 6861 7368 7375 6d3a 3a29 2066 6f72 e hashsum::) for\n+0002ff60: 2066 756c 6c20 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f full descriptio\n+0002ff70: 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 n.....File: grub\n+0002ff80: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6372 .info, Node: cr\n+0002ff90: 7970 746f 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 4e65 7874 yptomount, Next\n+0002ffa0: 3a20 6375 746d 656d 2c20 2050 7265 763a : cutmem, Prev:\n+0002ffb0: 2063 7263 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 crc, Up: Comma\n+0002ffc0: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+0002ffd0: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e31 3820 6372 7970 746f ..17.4.18 crypto\n+0002ffe0: 6d6f 756e 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d mount.----------\n+0002fff0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+00030000: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6372 7970 746f 6d6f ommand: cryptomo\n+00030010: 756e 7420 5b20 5b2d 7020 7061 7373 776f unt [ [-p passwo\n+00030020: 7264 5d20 7c20 5b2d 6b20 6b65 7966 696c rd] | [-k keyfil\n+00030030: 6520 5b2d 4f20 6b65 796f 6666 7365 745d e [-O keyoffset]\n+00030040: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b 2d53 206b . [-S k\n+00030050: 6579 7369 7a65 5d20 5d20 5d20 5b2d 4820 eysize] ] ] [-H \n+00030060: 6669 6c65 5d20 6465 7669 6365 7c2d 7520 file] device|-u \n+00030070: 7575 6964 7c2d 617c 2d62 0a20 2020 2020 uuid|-a|-b. \n+00030080: 5365 7475 7020 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f20 Setup access to \n+00030090: 656e 6372 7970 7465 6420 6465 7669 6365 encrypted device\n+000300a0: 2e20 2041 2070 6173 7370 6872 6173 6520 . A passphrase \n+000300b0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7265 7175 6573 7465 will be requeste\n+000300c0: 640a 2020 2020 2069 6e74 6572 6163 7469 d. interacti\n+000300d0: 7665 6c79 2c20 6966 206e 6569 7468 6572 vely, if neither\n+000300e0: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d70 e280 9920 6e6f the ...-p... no\n+000300f0: 7220 e280 982d 6be2 8099 206f 7074 696f r ...-k... optio\n+00030100: 6e73 2061 7265 2067 6976 656e 2e20 2054 ns are given. T\n+00030110: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 he. option .\n+00030120: 8098 2d70 e280 9920 6361 6e20 6265 2075 ..-p... can be u\n+00030130: 7365 6420 746f 2073 7570 706c 7920 6120 sed to supply a \n+00030140: 7061 7373 7068 7261 7365 2028 7573 6566 passphrase (usef\n+00030150: 756c 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7363 7269 ul for. scri\n+00030160: 7074 7329 2e20 2041 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 pts). Alternati\n+00030170: 7665 6c79 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d6b e280 vely the ...-k..\n+00030180: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2063 616e 2062 6520 . option can be \n+00030190: 7573 6564 2074 6f20 7375 7070 6c79 2061 used to supply a\n+000301a0: 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 7966 696c 6520 7769 . keyfile wi\n+000301b0: 7468 206f 7074 696f 6e73 20e2 8098 2d4f th options ...-O\n+000301c0: e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 982d 53e2 8099 ... and ...-S...\n+000301d0: 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 7375 7070 optionally supp\n+000301e0: 6c79 696e 6720 7468 6520 6f66 6673 6574 lying the offset\n+000301f0: 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 7369 7a65 2c20 . and size, \n+00030200: 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2c20 6f66 respectively, of\n+00030210: 2074 6865 206b 6579 2064 6174 6120 696e the key data in\n+00030220: 2074 6865 2067 6976 656e 206b 6579 2066 the given key f\n+00030230: 696c 652e 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 ile. The. .\n+00030240: 8098 2d48 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 ..-H... options \n+00030250: 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2073 can be used to s\n+00030260: 7570 706c 7920 6372 7970 746f 6d6f 756e upply cryptomoun\n+00030270: 7420 6261 636b 656e 6473 2077 6974 6820 t backends with \n+00030280: 616e 0a20 2020 2020 616c 7465 726e 6174 an. alternat\n+00030290: 6976 6520 6865 6164 6572 2066 696c 6520 ive header file \n+000302a0: 2861 6b61 2064 6574 6163 6865 6420 6865 (aka detached he\n+000302b0: 6164 6572 292e 2020 4e6f 7420 616c 6c20 ader). Not all \n+000302c0: 6261 636b 656e 6473 0a20 2020 2020 6861 backends. ha\n+000302d0: 7665 2068 6561 6465 7273 206e 6f72 2073 ve headers nor s\n+000302e0: 7570 706f 7274 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 upport alternati\n+000302f0: 7665 2068 6561 6465 7220 6669 6c65 7320 ve header files \n+00030300: 2863 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 206f 6e6c 790a (currently only.\n+00030310: 2020 2020 204c 554b 5331 2061 6e64 204c LUKS1 and L\n+00030320: 554b 5332 2073 7570 706f 7274 2074 6865 UKS2 support the\n+00030330: 6d29 2e20 2041 7267 756d 656e 7420 4445 m). Argument DE\n+00030340: 5649 4345 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 7320 VICE configures \n+00030350: 7370 6563 6966 6963 0a20 2020 2020 6772 specific. gr\n+00030360: 7562 2064 6576 6963 6520 282a 6e6f 7465 ub device (*note\n+00030370: 204e 616d 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 Naming conventi\n+00030380: 6f6e 3a3a 293b 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 on::); option ..\n+00030390: 982d 75e2 8099 2055 5549 440a 2020 2020 .-u... UUID. \n+000303a0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 7320 6465 7669 configures devi\n+000303b0: 6365 2077 6974 6820 7370 6563 6966 6965 ce with specifie\n+000303c0: 6420 5555 4944 3b20 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 d UUID; option .\n+000303d0: 8098 2d61 e280 9920 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ..-a... configur\n+000303e0: 6573 2061 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 6465 7465 es all. dete\n+000303f0: 6374 6564 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2064 cted encrypted d\n+00030400: 6576 6963 6573 3b20 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 evices; option .\n+00030410: 8098 2d62 e280 9920 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ..-b... configur\n+00030420: 6573 2061 6c6c 2067 656c 690a 2020 2020 es all geli. \n+00030430: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 6572 7320 7468 6174 containers that\n+00030440: 2068 6176 6520 626f 6f74 2066 6c61 6720 have boot flag \n+00030450: 7365 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2044 6576 6963 set... Devic\n+00030460: 6573 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2061 6c6c 6f77 es are not allow\n+00030470: 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2067 6976 656e 2061 ed to be given a\n+00030480: 7320 6b65 7920 6669 6c65 7320 6e6f 7220 s key files nor \n+00030490: 6173 2064 6574 6163 6865 640a 2020 2020 as detached. \n+000304a0: 2068 6561 6465 7220 6669 6c65 732e 2020 header files. \n+000304b0: 486f 7765 7665 722c 2074 6869 7320 6c69 However, this li\n+000304c0: 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 2063 616e 2062 6520 mitation can be \n+000304d0: 776f 726b 6564 2061 726f 756e 6420 6279 worked around by\n+000304e0: 0a20 2020 2020 7573 696e 6720 626c 6f63 . using bloc\n+000304f0: 6b6c 6973 7420 7379 6e74 6178 2e20 2053 klist syntax. S\n+00030500: 6f20 666f 7220 696e 7374 616e 6365 2c20 o for instance, \n+00030510: e280 9828 6864 312c 6770 7432 29e2 8099 ...(hd1,gpt2)...\n+00030520: 2063 616e 206e 6f74 2062 650a 2020 2020 can not be. \n+00030530: 2075 7365 642c 2062 7574 20e2 8098 2868 used, but ...(h\n+00030540: 6431 2c67 7074 3229 302b e280 9920 7769 d1,gpt2)0+... wi\n+00030550: 6c6c 2061 6368 6965 7665 2074 6865 2064 ll achieve the d\n+00030560: 6573 6972 6564 2072 6573 756c 742e 0a0a esired result...\n+00030570: 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 7375 706f 7274 GRUB suport\n+00030580: 7320 6465 7669 6365 7320 656e 6372 7970 s devices encryp\n+00030590: 7465 6420 7573 696e 6720 4c55 4b53 2c20 ted using LUKS, \n+000305a0: 4c55 4b53 3220 616e 6420 6765 6c69 2e20 LUKS2 and geli. \n+000305b0: 204e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 Note. that \n+000305c0: 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 6d6f 6475 6c65 necessary module\n+000305d0: 7320 284c 554b 532c 204c 554b 5332 2061 s (LUKS, LUKS2 a\n+000305e0: 6e64 2047 454c 4929 2068 6176 6520 746f nd GELI) have to\n+000305f0: 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 0a20 2020 2020 be loaded. \n+00030600: 6d61 6e75 616c 6c79 2062 6566 6f72 6520 manually before \n+00030610: 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2063 616e this command can\n+00030620: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2e20 2046 6f72 204c be used. For L\n+00030630: 554b 5332 206f 6e6c 7920 7468 650a 2020 UKS2 only the. \n+00030640: 2020 2050 424b 4446 3220 6b65 7920 6465 PBKDF2 key de\n+00030650: 7269 7661 7469 6f6e 2066 756e 6374 696f rivation functio\n+00030660: 6e20 6973 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 2c20 n is supported, \n+00030670: 6173 2041 7267 6f6e 3220 6973 206e 6f74 as Argon2 is not\n+00030680: 2079 6574 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 6f72 yet. suppor\n+00030690: 7465 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 7563 6365 ted... Succe\n+000306a0: 7373 6675 6c6c 7920 6465 6372 7970 7465 ssfully decrypte\n+000306b0: 6420 6469 736b 7320 6172 6520 6e61 6d65 d disks are name\n+000306c0: 6420 6173 2028 6372 7970 746f 5829 2061 d as (cryptoX) a\n+000306d0: 6e64 2068 6176 650a 2020 2020 2069 6e63 nd have. inc\n+000306e0: 7265 6173 696e 6720 6e75 6d65 7261 7469 reasing numerati\n+000306f0: 6f6e 2073 7566 6669 7820 666f 7220 6561 on suffix for ea\n+00030700: 6368 206e 6577 2064 6563 7279 7074 6564 ch new decrypted\n+00030710: 2064 6973 6b2e 2020 4966 2074 6865 0a20 disk. If the. \n+00030720: 2020 2020 656e 6372 7970 7465 6420 6469 encrypted di\n+00030730: 736b 2068 6f73 7473 2073 6f6d 6520 6869 sk hosts some hi\n+00030740: 6768 6572 206c 6576 656c 206f 6620 6162 gher level of ab\n+00030750: 7374 7261 6374 696f 6e20 286c 696b 6520 straction (like \n+00030760: 4c56 4d32 206f 720a 2020 2020 204d 4452 LVM2 or. MDR\n+00030770: 4149 4429 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 AID) it will be \n+00030780: 6372 6561 7465 6420 756e 6465 7220 6120 created under a \n+00030790: 7365 7061 7261 7465 2064 6576 6963 6520 separate device \n+000307a0: 6e61 6d65 7370 6163 6520 696e 0a20 2020 namespace in. \n+000307b0: 2020 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 7468 addition to th\n+000307c0: 6520 6372 7970 746f 6469 736b 206e 616d e cryptodisk nam\n+000307d0: 6573 7061 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5375 espace... Su\n+000307e0: 7070 6f72 7420 666f 7220 706c 6169 6e20 pport for plain \n+000307f0: 656e 6372 7970 7469 6f6e 206d 6f64 6520 encryption mode \n+00030800: 2870 6c61 696e 2064 6d2d 6372 7970 7429 (plain dm-crypt)\n+00030810: 2069 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2076 6961 is provided via\n+00030820: 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7061 7261 7465 20e2 . separate .\n+00030830: 8098 2a6e 6f74 6520 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 ..*note plainmou\n+00030840: 6e74 3a3a e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 642e nt::... command.\n+00030850: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00030860: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6375 746d nfo, Node: cutm\n+00030870: 656d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2064 6174 652c em, Next: date,\n+00030880: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6372 7970 746f 6d6f Prev: cryptomo\n+00030890: 756e 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e unt, Up: Comman\n+000308a0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+000308b0: 0a31 372e 342e 3139 2063 7574 6d65 6d0a .17.4.19 cutmem.\n+000308c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+000308d0: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2063 7574 -- Command: cut\n+000308e0: 6d65 6d20 6672 6f6d 5b4b 7c4d 7c47 5d20 mem from[K|M|G] \n+000308f0: 746f 5b4b 7c4d 7c47 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 to[K|M|G]. R\n+00030900: 656d 6f76 6520 616e 7920 6d65 6d6f 7279 emove any memory\n+00030910: 2072 6567 696f 6e73 2069 6e20 7370 6563 regions in spec\n+00030920: 6966 6965 6420 7261 6e67 652e 0a0a 2020 ified range... \n+00030930: 2020 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 This command \n+00030940: 6e6f 7469 6669 6573 2074 6865 206d 656d notifies the mem\n+00030950: 6f72 7920 6d61 6e61 6765 7220 7468 6174 ory manager that\n+00030960: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2072 6567 696f specified regio\n+00030970: 6e73 206f 660a 2020 2020 2052 414d 206f ns of. RAM o\n+00030980: 7567 6874 2074 6f20 6265 2066 696c 7465 ught to be filte\n+00030990: 7265 6420 6f75 742e 2020 5468 6973 2072 red out. This r\n+000309a0: 656d 6169 6e73 2069 6e20 6566 6665 6374 emains in effect\n+000309b0: 2061 6674 6572 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7061 after a. pa\n+000309c0: 796c 6f61 6420 6b65 726e 656c 2068 6173 yload kernel has\n+000309d0: 2062 6565 6e20 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 7920 been loaded by \n+000309e0: 4752 5542 2c20 6173 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 GRUB, as long as\n+000309f0: 2074 6865 206c 6f61 6465 640a 2020 2020 the loaded. \n+00030a00: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6f62 7461 696e 7320 kernel obtains \n+00030a10: 6974 7320 6d65 6d6f 7279 206d 6170 2066 its memory map f\n+00030a20: 726f 6d20 4752 5542 2e20 4b65 726e 656c rom GRUB. Kernel\n+00030a30: 7320 7468 6174 2073 7570 706f 7274 2074 s that support t\n+00030a40: 6869 730a 2020 2020 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 his. include\n+00030a50: 204c 696e 7578 2c20 474e 5520 4d61 6368 Linux, GNU Mach\n+00030a60: 2c20 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 206f 6620 , the kernel of \n+00030a70: 4672 6565 4253 4420 616e 6420 4d75 6c74 FreeBSD and Mult\n+00030a80: 6962 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 206b 6572 6e65 iboot. kerne\n+00030a90: 6c73 2069 6e20 6765 6e65 7261 6c2e 0a0a ls in general...\n+00030aa0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 The command\n+00030ab0: 2069 7320 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 746f 20e2 is similar to .\n+00030ac0: 8098 6261 6472 616d e280 9920 636f 6d6d ..badram... comm\n+00030ad0: 616e 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 653a and... Note:\n+00030ae0: 2054 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 The command is \n+00030af0: 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 7768 656e not allowed when\n+00030b00: 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e20 6973 2065 6e66 lockdown is enf\n+00030b10: 6f72 6365 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 orced (*note. \n+00030b20: 2020 4c6f 636b 646f 776e 3a3a 292e 2020 Lockdown::). \n+00030b30: 5468 6973 2070 7265 7665 6e74 7320 7265 This prevents re\n+00030b40: 6d6f 7669 6e67 2045 4649 206d 656d 6f72 moving EFI memor\n+00030b50: 7920 7265 6769 6f6e 7320 746f 0a20 2020 y regions to. \n+00030b60: 2020 706f 7465 6e74 6961 6c6c 7920 7375 potentially su\n+00030b70: 6276 6572 7420 7468 6520 7365 6375 7269 bvert the securi\n+00030b80: 7479 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 7320 7072 ty mechanisms pr\n+00030b90: 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 5545 ovided by the UE\n+00030ba0: 4649 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6375 7265 2062 FI. secure b\n+00030bb0: 6f6f 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 oot.....File: gr\n+00030bc0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00030bd0: 6461 7465 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2064 6576 date, Next: dev\n+00030be0: 6963 6574 7265 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 icetree, Prev: \n+00030bf0: 6375 746d 656d 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d cutmem, Up: Com\n+00030c00: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+00030c10: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 3020 6461 7465 ds..17.4.20 date\n+00030c20: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 .------------.. \n+00030c30: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6461 7465 -- Command: date\n+00030c40: 205b 5b79 6561 722d 5d6d 6f6e 7468 2d64 [[year-]month-d\n+00030c50: 6179 5d20 5b68 6f75 723a 6d69 6e75 7465 ay] [hour:minute\n+00030c60: 5b3a 7365 636f 6e64 5d5d 0a20 2020 2020 [:second]]. \n+00030c70: 5769 7468 206e 6f20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 With no argument\n+00030c80: 732c 2070 7269 6e74 2074 6865 2063 7572 s, print the cur\n+00030c90: 7265 6e74 2064 6174 6520 616e 6420 7469 rent date and ti\n+00030ca0: 6d65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4f74 6865 7277 me... Otherw\n+00030cb0: 6973 652c 2074 616b 6520 7468 6520 6375 ise, take the cu\n+00030cc0: 7272 656e 7420 6461 7465 2061 6e64 2074 rrent date and t\n+00030cd0: 696d 652c 2063 6861 6e67 6520 616e 7920 ime, change any \n+00030ce0: 656c 656d 656e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 7370 elements. sp\n+00030cf0: 6563 6966 6965 6420 6173 2061 7267 756d ecified as argum\n+00030d00: 656e 7473 2c20 616e 6420 7365 7420 7468 ents, and set th\n+00030d10: 6520 7265 7375 6c74 2061 7320 7468 6520 e result as the \n+00030d20: 6e65 7720 6461 7465 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 new date and. \n+00030d30: 2020 7469 6d65 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 time. For exa\n+00030d40: 6d70 6c65 2c20 2764 6174 6520 3031 2d30 mple, 'date 01-0\n+00030d50: 3127 2077 696c 6c20 7365 7420 7468 6520 1' will set the \n+00030d60: 6375 7272 656e 7420 6d6f 6e74 6820 616e current month an\n+00030d70: 6420 6461 790a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 4a61 d day. to Ja\n+00030d80: 6e75 6172 7920 312c 2062 7574 206c 6561 nuary 1, but lea\n+00030d90: 7665 2074 6865 2079 6561 722c 2068 6f75 ve the year, hou\n+00030da0: 722c 206d 696e 7574 652c 2061 6e64 2073 r, minute, and s\n+00030db0: 6563 6f6e 640a 2020 2020 2075 6e63 6861 econd. uncha\n+00030dc0: 6e67 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 nged.....File: g\n+00030dd0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00030de0: 2064 6576 6963 6574 7265 652c 2020 4e65 devicetree, Ne\n+00030df0: 7874 3a20 6469 7374 7275 7374 2c20 2050 xt: distrust, P\n+00030e00: 7265 763a 2064 6174 652c 2020 5570 3a20 rev: date, Up: \n+00030e10: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n+00030e20: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3231 2064 mands..17.4.21 d\n+00030e30: 6576 6963 6574 7265 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d evicetree.------\n+00030e40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+00030e50: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2064 6576 6963 - Command: devic\n+00030e60: 6574 7265 6520 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 etree file. \n+00030e70: 4c6f 6164 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 7472 Load a device tr\n+00030e80: 6565 2062 6c6f 6220 282e 6474 6229 2066 ee blob (.dtb) f\n+00030e90: 726f 6d20 6120 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d rom a filesystem\n+00030ea0: 2c20 666f 7220 6c61 7465 7220 7573 6520 , for later use \n+00030eb0: 6279 0a20 2020 2020 6120 4c69 6e75 7820 by. a Linux \n+00030ec0: 6b65 726e 656c 2e20 2044 6f65 7320 6e6f kernel. Does no\n+00030ed0: 7420 7065 7266 6f72 6d20 6d65 7267 696e t perform mergin\n+00030ee0: 6720 7769 7468 2061 6e79 2064 6576 6963 g with any devic\n+00030ef0: 6520 7472 6565 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 e tree. supp\n+00030f00: 6c69 6564 2062 7920 6669 726d 7761 7265 lied by firmware\n+00030f10: 2c20 6275 7420 7261 7468 6572 2072 6570 , but rather rep\n+00030f20: 6c61 6365 7320 6974 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 laces it complet\n+00030f30: 656c 792e 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 653a ely... Note:\n+00030f40: 2054 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 The command is \n+00030f50: 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 7768 656e not allowed when\n+00030f60: 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e20 6973 2065 6e66 lockdown is enf\n+00030f70: 6f72 6365 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 orced (*note. \n+00030f80: 2020 4c6f 636b 646f 776e 3a3a 292e 2020 Lockdown::). \n+00030f90: 5468 6973 2069 7320 646f 6e65 2074 6f20 This is done to \n+00030fa0: 7072 6576 656e 7420 7375 6276 6572 7469 prevent subverti\n+00030fb0: 6e67 2076 6172 696f 7573 2073 6563 7572 ng various secur\n+00030fc0: 6974 790a 2020 2020 206d 6563 6861 6e69 ity. mechani\n+00030fd0: 736d 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 sms.....File: gr\n+00030fe0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00030ff0: 6469 7374 7275 7374 2c20 204e 6578 743a distrust, Next:\n+00031000: 2064 7269 7665 6d61 702c 2020 5072 6576 drivemap, Prev\n+00031010: 3a20 6465 7669 6365 7472 6565 2c20 2055 : devicetree, U\n+00031020: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n+00031030: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 commands..17.4.2\n+00031040: 3220 6469 7374 7275 7374 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2 distrust.-----\n+00031050: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n+00031060: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6469 7374 7275 Command: distru\n+00031070: 7374 2070 7562 6b65 795f 6964 0a20 2020 st pubkey_id. \n+00031080: 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 2070 7562 6c69 6320 Remove public \n+00031090: 6b65 7920 5055 424b 4559 5f49 4420 6672 key PUBKEY_ID fr\n+000310a0: 6f6d 2047 5255 4227 7320 6b65 7972 696e om GRUB's keyrin\n+000310b0: 6720 6f66 2074 7275 7374 6564 206b 6579 g of trusted key\n+000310c0: 732e 0a20 2020 2020 5055 424b 4559 5f49 s.. PUBKEY_I\n+000310d0: 4420 6973 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 666f D is the last fo\n+000310e0: 7572 2062 7974 6573 2028 6569 6768 7420 ur bytes (eight \n+000310f0: 6865 7861 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 6469 6769 hexadecimal digi\n+00031100: 7473 2920 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ts) of the. \n+00031110: 4750 4720 7634 206b 6579 2069 642c 2077 GPG v4 key id, w\n+00031120: 6869 6368 2069 7320 616c 736f 2074 6865 hich is also the\n+00031130: 206f 7574 7075 7420 6f66 20e2 8098 6c69 output of ...li\n+00031140: 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 e280 9920 282a st_trusted... (*\n+00031150: 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 7374 5f74 note. list_t\n+00031160: 7275 7374 6564 3a3a 292e 2020 4f75 7473 rusted::). Outs\n+00031170: 6964 6520 6f66 2047 5255 422c 2074 6865 ide of GRUB, the\n+00031180: 206b 6579 2069 6420 6361 6e20 6265 206f key id can be o\n+00031190: 6274 6169 6e65 6420 7573 696e 670a 2020 btained using. \n+000311a0: 2020 20e2 8098 6770 6720 2d2d 6669 6e67 ...gpg --fing\n+000311b0: 6572 7072 696e 74e2 8099 292e 2020 5468 erprint...). Th\n+000311c0: 6573 6520 6b65 7973 2061 7265 2075 7365 ese keys are use\n+000311d0: 6420 746f 2076 616c 6964 6174 6520 7369 d to validate si\n+000311e0: 676e 6174 7572 6573 0a20 2020 2020 7768 gnatures. wh\n+000311f0: 656e 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 en environment v\n+00031200: 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 9863 6865 636b ariable ...check\n+00031210: 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 73e2 8099 2069 _signatures... i\n+00031220: 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 656e 666f s set to ...enfo\n+00031230: 7263 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f rce.... (*no\n+00031240: 7465 2063 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 te check_signatu\n+00031250: 7265 733a 3a29 2c20 616e 6420 6279 2073 res::), and by s\n+00031260: 6f6d 6520 696e 766f 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 ome invocations \n+00031270: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9876 6572 6966 of. ...verif\n+00031280: 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 e280 9920 282a y_detached... (*\n+00031290: 6e6f 7465 2076 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 note verify_deta\n+000312a0: 6368 6564 3a3a 292e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 ched::). *Note \n+000312b0: 5573 696e 6720 6469 6769 7461 6c0a 2020 Using digital. \n+000312c0: 2020 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a2c signatures::,\n+000312d0: 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d for more inform\n+000312e0: 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ation.....File: \n+000312f0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00031300: 3a20 6472 6976 656d 6170 2c20 204e 6578 : drivemap, Nex\n+00031310: 743a 2065 6368 6f2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 t: echo, Prev: \n+00031320: 6469 7374 7275 7374 2c20 2055 703a 2043 distrust, Up: C\n+00031330: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n+00031340: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 3320 6472 ands..17.4.23 dr\n+00031350: 6976 656d 6170 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ivemap.---------\n+00031360: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+00031370: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6472 6976 656d 6170 202d mand: drivemap -\n+00031380: 6c7c 2d72 7c5b 2d73 5d20 6672 6f6d 5f64 l|-r|[-s] from_d\n+00031390: 7269 7665 2074 6f5f 6472 6976 650a 2020 rive to_drive. \n+000313a0: 2020 2057 6974 686f 7574 206f 7074 696f Without optio\n+000313b0: 6e73 2c20 6d61 7020 7468 6520 6472 6976 ns, map the driv\n+000313c0: 6520 4652 4f4d 5f44 5249 5645 2074 6f20 e FROM_DRIVE to \n+000313d0: 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 544f 5f44 5249 the drive TO_DRI\n+000313e0: 5645 2e0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6973 VE.. This is\n+000313f0: 206e 6563 6573 7361 7279 2077 6865 6e20 necessary when \n+00031400: 796f 7520 6368 6169 6e2d 6c6f 6164 2073 you chain-load s\n+00031410: 6f6d 6520 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 7379 ome operating sy\n+00031420: 7374 656d 732c 2073 7563 680a 2020 2020 stems, such. \n+00031430: 2061 7320 444f 532c 2069 6620 7375 6368 as DOS, if such\n+00031440: 2061 6e20 4f53 2072 6573 6964 6573 2061 an OS resides a\n+00031450: 7420 6120 6e6f 6e2d 6669 7273 7420 6472 t a non-first dr\n+00031460: 6976 652e 2020 466f 720a 2020 2020 2063 ive. For. c\n+00031470: 6f6e 7665 6e69 656e 6365 2c20 616e 7920 onvenience, any \n+00031480: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7375 6666 6978 partition suffix\n+00031490: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6472 6976 6520 6973 on the drive is\n+000314a0: 2069 676e 6f72 6564 2c20 736f 2079 6f75 ignored, so you\n+000314b0: 0a20 2020 2020 6361 6e20 7361 6665 6c79 . can safely\n+000314c0: 2075 7365 2024 7b72 6f6f 747d 2061 7320 use ${root} as \n+000314d0: 6120 6472 6976 6520 7370 6563 6966 6963 a drive specific\n+000314e0: 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 ation... Wit\n+000314f0: 6820 7468 6520 e280 982d 73e2 8099 206f h the ...-s... o\n+00031500: 7074 696f 6e2c 2070 6572 666f 726d 2074 ption, perform t\n+00031510: 6865 2072 6576 6572 7365 206d 6170 7069 he reverse mappi\n+00031520: 6e67 2061 7320 7765 6c6c 2c20 7377 6170 ng as well, swap\n+00031530: 7069 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 7477 ping. the tw\n+00031540: 6f20 6472 6976 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 o drives... \n+00031550: 5769 7468 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d6c e280 With the ...-l..\n+00031560: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 6c69 7374 2074 . option, list t\n+00031570: 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 206d 6170 7069 he current mappi\n+00031580: 6e67 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 ngs... With \n+00031590: 7468 6520 e280 982d 72e2 8099 206f 7074 the ...-r... opt\n+000315a0: 696f 6e2c 2072 6573 6574 2061 6c6c 206d ion, reset all m\n+000315b0: 6170 7069 6e67 7320 746f 2074 6865 2064 appings to the d\n+000315c0: 6566 6175 6c74 2076 616c 7565 732e 0a0a efault values...\n+000315d0: 2020 2020 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 For example\n+000315e0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 7269 :.. dri\n+000315f0: 7665 6d61 7020 2d73 2028 6864 3029 2028 vemap -s (hd0) (\n+00031600: 6864 3129 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 4f54 453a hd1).. NOTE:\n+00031610: 204f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 Only available \n+00031620: 6f6e 2069 3338 362d 7063 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 on i386-pc.....F\n+00031630: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+00031640: 204e 6f64 653a 2065 6368 6f2c 2020 4e65 Node: echo, Ne\n+00031650: 7874 3a20 6566 6974 6578 746d 6f64 652c xt: efitextmode,\n+00031660: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6472 6976 656d 6170 Prev: drivemap\n+00031670: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n+00031680: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n+00031690: 2e34 2e32 3420 6563 686f 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d .4.24 echo.-----\n+000316a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+000316b0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6563 686f 205b 2d6e 5d20 mand: echo [-n] \n+000316c0: 5b2d 655d 2073 7472 696e 6720 2e2e 2e0a [-e] string ....\n+000316d0: 2020 2020 2044 6973 706c 6179 2074 6865 Display the\n+000316e0: 2072 6571 7565 7374 6564 2074 6578 7420 requested text \n+000316f0: 616e 642c 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 7468 6520 and, unless the \n+00031700: e280 982d 6ee2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 ...-n... option \n+00031710: 6973 2075 7365 642c 2061 0a20 2020 2020 is used, a. \n+00031720: 7472 6169 6c69 6e67 206e 6577 206c 696e trailing new lin\n+00031730: 652e 2020 4966 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 e. If there is \n+00031740: 6d6f 7265 2074 6861 6e20 6f6e 6520 7374 more than one st\n+00031750: 7269 6e67 2c20 7468 6579 2061 7265 0a20 ring, they are. \n+00031760: 2020 2020 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 separated by\n+00031770: 2073 7061 6365 7320 696e 2074 6865 206f spaces in the o\n+00031780: 7574 7075 742e 2020 4173 2075 7375 616c utput. As usual\n+00031790: 2069 6e20 4752 5542 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 in GRUB command\n+000317a0: 732c 0a20 2020 2020 7661 7269 6162 6c65 s,. variable\n+000317b0: 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2073 7562 7374 6974 s may be substit\n+000317c0: 7574 6564 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 247b uted using ...${\n+000317d0: 7661 727d e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 var}...... T\n+000317e0: 6865 20e2 8098 2d65 e280 9920 6f70 7469 he ...-e... opti\n+000317f0: 6f6e 2065 6e61 626c 6573 2069 6e74 6572 on enables inter\n+00031800: 7072 6574 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2062 6163 pretation of bac\n+00031810: 6b73 6c61 7368 2065 7363 6170 6573 2e20 kslash escapes. \n+00031820: 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 666f 6c6c 6f77 The. follow\n+00031830: 696e 6720 7365 7175 656e 6365 7320 6172 ing sequences ar\n+00031840: 6520 7265 636f 676e 6973 6564 3a0a 0a20 e recognised:.. \n+00031850: 2020 2020 e280 985c 5ce2 8099 0a20 2020 ...\\\\.... \n+00031860: 2020 2020 2020 2062 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 backslash\n+00031870: 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 5c61 e280 990a .. ...\\a....\n+00031880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 616c 6572 7420 alert \n+00031890: 2842 454c 290a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 985c (BEL).. ...\\\n+000318a0: 63e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 c.... s\n+000318b0: 7570 7072 6573 7320 7472 6169 6c69 6e67 uppress trailing\n+000318c0: 206e 6577 206c 696e 650a 0a20 2020 2020 new line.. \n+000318d0: e280 985c 66e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ...\\f.... \n+000318e0: 2020 2066 6f72 6d20 6665 6564 0a0a 2020 form feed.. \n+000318f0: 2020 20e2 8098 5c6e e280 990a 2020 2020 ...\\n.... \n+00031900: 2020 2020 2020 6e65 7720 6c69 6e65 0a0a new line..\n+00031910: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 5c72 e280 990a 2020 ...\\r.... \n+00031920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6361 7272 6961 6765 carriage\n+00031930: 2072 6574 7572 6e0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 return.. ..\n+00031940: 985c 74e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 .\\t.... \n+00031950: 2068 6f72 697a 6f6e 7461 6c20 7461 620a horizontal tab.\n+00031960: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 985c 76e2 8099 0a20 . ...\\v.... \n+00031970: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2076 6572 7469 6361 vertica\n+00031980: 6c20 7461 620a 0a20 2020 2020 5768 656e l tab.. When\n+00031990: 2069 6e74 6572 7072 6574 696e 6720 6261 interpreting ba\n+000319a0: 636b 736c 6173 6820 6573 6361 7065 732c ckslash escapes,\n+000319b0: 2062 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 2066 6f6c 6c6f backslash follo\n+000319c0: 7765 6420 6279 2061 6e79 0a20 2020 2020 wed by any. \n+000319d0: 6f74 6865 7220 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 other character \n+000319e0: 7769 6c6c 2070 7269 6e74 2074 6861 7420 will print that \n+000319f0: 6368 6172 6163 7465 722e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 character.....Fi\n+00031a00: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00031a10: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6566 6974 6578 746d 6f64 Node: efitextmod\n+00031a20: 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6576 616c 2c20 e, Next: eval, \n+00031a30: 2050 7265 763a 2065 6368 6f2c 2020 5570 Prev: echo, Up\n+00031a40: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n+00031a50: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3235 ommands..17.4.25\n+00031a60: 2065 6669 7465 7874 6d6f 6465 0a2d 2d2d efitextmode.---\n+00031a70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00031a80: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2065 .. -- Command: e\n+00031a90: 6669 7465 7874 6d6f 6465 205b 6d69 6e20 fitextmode [min \n+00031aa0: 7c20 6d61 7820 7c20 3c6d 6f64 655f 6e75 | max | | ]. When us\n+00031ad0: 6564 2077 6974 6820 6e6f 2061 7267 756d ed with no argum\n+00031ae0: 656e 7473 2064 6973 706c 6179 7320 616c ents displays al\n+00031af0: 6c20 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7465 7874 l available text\n+00031b00: 206f 7574 7075 740a 2020 2020 206d 6f64 output. mod\n+00031b10: 6573 2e20 2054 6865 2073 6574 206d 6f64 es. The set mod\n+00031b20: 6520 6465 7465 726d 696e 6573 2074 6865 e determines the\n+00031b30: 2063 6f6c 756d 6e73 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 columns and row\n+00031b40: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6578 740a 2020 s of the text. \n+00031b50: 2020 2064 6973 706c 6179 2077 6865 6e20 display when \n+00031b60: 696e 2074 6578 7420 6d6f 6465 2e20 2041 in text mode. A\n+00031b70: 6e20 6173 7465 7269 736b 2c20 e280 982a n asterisk, ...*\n+00031b80: e280 992c 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2061 7420 ..., will be at \n+00031b90: 7468 6520 656e 6420 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 the end of. \n+00031ba0: 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 the line of the \n+00031bb0: 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 7365 7420 6d6f currently set mo\n+00031bc0: 6465 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2067 6976 de... If giv\n+00031bd0: 656e 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 7061 7261 en a single para\n+00031be0: 6d65 7465 722c 2069 7420 6d75 7374 2062 meter, it must b\n+00031bf0: 6520 e280 986d 696e e280 992c 20e2 8098 e ...min..., ...\n+00031c00: 6d61 78e2 8099 2c20 6f72 2061 206d 6f64 max..., or a mod\n+00031c10: 650a 2020 2020 206e 756d 6265 7220 6769 e. number gi\n+00031c20: 7665 6e20 6279 2074 6865 206c 6973 7469 ven by the listi\n+00031c30: 6e67 2077 6865 6e20 7275 6e20 7769 7468 ng when run with\n+00031c40: 206e 6f20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732e 2020 no arguments. \n+00031c50: 5468 6573 650a 2020 2020 2061 7267 756d These. argum\n+00031c60: 656e 7473 2073 6574 2074 6865 206d 6f64 ents set the mod\n+00031c70: 6520 746f 2074 6865 206d 696e 696d 756d e to the minimum\n+00031c80: 2c20 6d61 7869 6d75 6d2c 2061 6e64 2070 , maximum, and p\n+00031c90: 6172 7469 6375 6c61 7220 6d6f 6465 0a20 articular mode. \n+00031ca0: 2020 2020 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 respectively\n+00031cb0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 ... Otherwis\n+00031cc0: 652c 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206d e, the command m\n+00031cd0: 7573 7420 6265 2067 6976 656e 2074 776f ust be given two\n+00031ce0: 206e 756d 6572 6963 616c 2061 7267 756d numerical argum\n+00031cf0: 656e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 ents. specif\n+00031d00: 7969 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6c 756d 6e73 ying the columns\n+00031d10: 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 6f66 2074 6865 and rows of the\n+00031d20: 2064 6573 6972 6564 206d 6f64 652e 2020 desired mode. \n+00031d30: 5370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 2061 0a20 2020 Specifying a. \n+00031d40: 2020 636f 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e 6420 726f columns and ro\n+00031d50: 7773 2063 6f6d 6269 6e61 7469 6f6e 2074 ws combination t\n+00031d60: 6861 7420 636f 7272 6573 706f 6e64 7320 hat corresponds \n+00031d70: 746f 206e 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 to no supported \n+00031d80: 6d6f 6465 2c0a 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 mode,. will \n+00031d90: 7265 7475 726e 2065 7272 6f72 2c20 6275 return error, bu\n+00031da0: 7420 6f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 6861 7665 t otherwise have\n+00031db0: 206e 6f20 6566 6665 6374 2e0a 0a20 2020 no effect... \n+00031dc0: 2020 4279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2047 5255 By default GRU\n+00031dd0: 4220 7769 6c6c 2073 7461 7274 2069 6e20 B will start in \n+00031de0: 7768 6174 6576 6572 206d 6f64 6520 7468 whatever mode th\n+00031df0: 6520 4546 4920 6669 726d 7761 7265 0a20 e EFI firmware. \n+00031e00: 2020 2020 6465 6661 756c 7473 2074 6f2e defaults to.\n+00031e10: 2020 5468 6572 6520 6172 6520 6669 726d There are firm\n+00031e20: 7761 7265 7320 6b6e 6f77 6e20 746f 2073 wares known to s\n+00031e30: 6574 2075 7020 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c et up the defaul\n+00031e40: 7420 6d6f 6465 0a20 2020 2020 7375 6368 t mode. such\n+00031e50: 2074 6861 7420 6f75 7470 7574 2062 6568 that output beh\n+00031e60: 6176 6573 2073 7472 616e 6765 6c79 2c20 aves strangely, \n+00031e70: 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c 6520 7468 6520 for example the \n+00031e80: 6375 7273 6f72 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 cursor in the. \n+00031e90: 2020 2047 5255 4220 7368 656c 6c20 6e65 GRUB shell ne\n+00031ea0: 7665 7220 7265 6163 6865 7320 7468 6520 ver reaches the \n+00031eb0: 626f 7474 6f6d 206f 6620 7468 6520 7363 bottom of the sc\n+00031ec0: 7265 656e 206f 722c 2077 6865 6e20 7479 reen or, when ty\n+00031ed0: 7069 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6368 6172 6163 ping. charac\n+00031ee0: 7465 7273 2061 7420 7468 6520 7072 6f6d ters at the prom\n+00031ef0: 7074 2c20 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2066 pt, characters f\n+00031f00: 726f 6d20 7072 6576 696f 7573 2063 6f6d rom previous com\n+00031f10: 6d61 6e64 206f 7574 7075 740a 2020 2020 mand output. \n+00031f20: 2061 7265 206f 7665 7277 7269 7474 656e are overwritten\n+00031f30: 2e20 2053 6574 7469 6e67 2074 6865 206d . Setting the m\n+00031f40: 6f64 6520 6d61 7920 6669 7820 7468 6973 ode may fix this\n+00031f50: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 4546 4920 ... The EFI \n+00031f60: 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7361 specification sa\n+00031f70: 7973 2074 6861 7420 6d6f 6465 2030 206d ys that mode 0 m\n+00031f80: 7573 7420 6265 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 ust be available\n+00031f90: 2061 6e64 2068 6176 650a 2020 2020 2063 and have. c\n+00031fa0: 6f6c 756d 6e73 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 olumns and rows \n+00031fb0: 6f66 2038 3020 616e 6420 3235 2072 6573 of 80 and 25 res\n+00031fc0: 7065 6374 6976 656c 792e 2020 4d6f 6465 pectively. Mode\n+00031fd0: 2031 206d 6179 2062 6520 6465 6669 6e65 1 may be define\n+00031fe0: 640a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2069 6620 736f d. and if so\n+00031ff0: 206d 7573 7420 6861 7665 2063 6f6c 756d must have colum\n+00032000: 6e73 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 6f66 2038 ns and rows of 8\n+00032010: 3020 616e 6420 3530 2072 6573 7065 6374 0 and 50 respect\n+00032020: 6976 656c 792e 0a20 2020 2020 416e 7920 ively.. Any \n+00032030: 6f74 6865 7220 6d6f 6465 7320 6d61 7920 other modes may \n+00032040: 6861 7665 2063 6f6c 756d 6e73 2061 6e64 have columns and\n+00032050: 2072 6f77 7320 6172 6269 7472 6172 696c rows arbitraril\n+00032060: 7920 6465 6669 6e65 6420 6279 0a20 2020 y defined by. \n+00032070: 2020 7468 6520 6669 726d 7761 7265 2e20 the firmware. \n+00032080: 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 This means that\n+00032090: 2061 206d 6f64 6520 7769 7468 2063 6f6c a mode with col\n+000320a0: 756d 6e73 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 6f66 umns and rows of\n+000320b0: 2031 3030 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 3331 100. and 31\n+000320c0: 206f 6e20 6f6e 6520 6669 726d 7761 7265 on one firmware\n+000320d0: 206d 6179 2062 6520 6120 6469 6666 6572 may be a differ\n+000320e0: 656e 7420 6d6f 6465 206e 756d 6265 7220 ent mode number \n+000320f0: 6f6e 2061 0a20 2020 2020 6469 6666 6572 on a. differ\n+00032100: 656e 7420 6669 726d 7761 7265 206f 7220 ent firmware or \n+00032110: 6e6f 7420 6578 6973 7420 6174 2061 6c6c not exist at all\n+00032120: 2e20 204c 696b 6577 6973 652c 206d 6f64 . Likewise, mod\n+00032130: 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 2032 206f 6e0a 2020 e number 2 on. \n+00032140: 2020 206f 6e65 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6520 one firmware \n+00032150: 6d61 7920 6861 7665 2061 2064 6966 6665 may have a diffe\n+00032160: 7265 6e74 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2063 rent number of c\n+00032170: 6f6c 756d 6e73 2061 6e64 2072 6f77 7320 olumns and rows \n+00032180: 7468 616e 0a20 2020 2020 6d6f 6465 2032 than. mode 2\n+00032190: 206f 6e20 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 on a different \n+000321a0: 6669 726d 7761 7265 2e20 2053 6f20 6f6e firmware. So on\n+000321b0: 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2072 656c e should not rel\n+000321c0: 7920 6f6e 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7274 y on a. part\n+000321d0: 6963 756c 6172 206d 6f64 6520 6e75 6d62 icular mode numb\n+000321e0: 6572 206f 7220 6120 6d6f 6465 206f 6620 er or a mode of \n+000321f0: 6120 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 a certain number\n+00032200: 206f 6620 636f 6c75 6d6e 7320 616e 640a of columns and.\n+00032210: 2020 2020 2072 6f77 7320 6578 6973 7469 rows existi\n+00032220: 6e67 206f 6e20 616c 6c20 6669 726d 7761 ng on all firmwa\n+00032230: 7265 732c 2065 7863 6570 7420 666f 7220 res, except for \n+00032240: 6d6f 6465 2030 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f mode 0... No\n+00032250: 7465 3a20 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 te: This command\n+00032260: 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 is only availab\n+00032270: 6c65 206f 6e20 4546 4920 706c 6174 666f le on EFI platfo\n+00032280: 726d 7320 616e 6420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 rms and is. \n+00032290: 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 746f 2045 4649 2073 similar to EFI s\n+000322a0: 6865 6c6c 2022 6d6f 6465 2220 636f 6d6d hell \"mode\" comm\n+000322b0: 616e 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 and.....File: gr\n+000322c0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+000322d0: 6576 616c 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2065 7870 eval, Next: exp\n+000322e0: 6f72 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6566 6974 ort, Prev: efit\n+000322f0: 6578 746d 6f64 652c 2020 5570 3a20 436f extmode, Up: Co\n+00032300: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+00032310: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3236 2065 7661 nds..17.4.26 eva\n+00032320: 6c0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a l.------------..\n+00032330: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2065 7661 -- Command: eva\n+00032340: 6c20 7374 7269 6e67 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 l string .... \n+00032350: 2020 436f 6e63 6174 656e 6174 6520 6172 Concatenate ar\n+00032360: 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 746f 6765 7468 6572 guments together\n+00032370: 2075 7369 6e67 2073 696e 676c 6520 7370 using single sp\n+00032380: 6163 6520 6173 2073 6570 6172 6174 6f72 ace as separator\n+00032390: 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 6576 616c 7561 and. evalua\n+000323a0: 7465 2072 6573 756c 7420 6173 2073 6571 te result as seq\n+000323b0: 7565 6e63 6520 6f66 2047 5255 4220 636f uence of GRUB co\n+000323c0: 6d6d 616e 6473 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a mmands.....File:\n+000323d0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+000323e0: 653a 2065 7870 6f72 742c 2020 4e65 7874 e: export, Next\n+000323f0: 3a20 6661 6c73 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 : false, Prev: \n+00032400: 6576 616c 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 eval, Up: Comma\n+00032410: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+00032420: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e32 3720 6578 706f 7274 ..17.4.27 export\n+00032430: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a .--------------.\n+00032440: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6578 . -- Command: ex\n+00032450: 706f 7274 2065 6e76 7661 720a 2020 2020 port envvar. \n+00032460: 2045 7870 6f72 7420 7468 6520 656e 7669 Export the envi\n+00032470: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n+00032480: 2045 4e56 5641 522e 2020 4578 706f 7274 ENVVAR. Export\n+00032490: 6564 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2061 7265 ed variables are\n+000324a0: 0a20 2020 2020 7669 7369 626c 6520 746f . visible to\n+000324b0: 2073 7562 7369 6469 6172 7920 636f 6e66 subsidiary conf\n+000324c0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 iguration files \n+000324d0: 6c6f 6164 6564 2075 7369 6e67 0a20 2020 loaded using. \n+000324e0: 2020 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 ...configfile.\n+000324f0: 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 .......File: gru\n+00032500: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2066 b.info, Node: f\n+00032510: 616c 7365 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2066 7773 alse, Next: fws\n+00032520: 6574 7570 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2065 7870 etup, Prev: exp\n+00032530: 6f72 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e ort, Up: Comman\n+00032540: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+00032550: 0a31 372e 342e 3238 2066 616c 7365 0a2d .17.4.28 false.-\n+00032560: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+00032570: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2066 616c 7365 - Command: false\n+00032580: 0a20 2020 2020 446f 206e 6f74 6869 6e67 . Do nothing\n+00032590: 2c20 756e 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 , unsuccessfully\n+000325a0: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 206d 6169 6e6c . This is mainl\n+000325b0: 7920 7573 6566 756c 2069 6e20 636f 6e74 y useful in cont\n+000325c0: 726f 6c0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 rol. constru\n+000325d0: 6374 7320 7375 6368 2061 7320 e280 9869 cts such as ...i\n+000325e0: 66e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 7768 696c f... and ...whil\n+000325f0: 65e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5368 656c e... (*note Shel\n+00032600: 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 l-like scripting\n+00032610: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ::).....File: gr\n+00032620: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00032630: 6677 7365 7475 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 fwsetup, Next: \n+00032640: 6764 6269 6e66 6f2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 gdbinfo, Prev: \n+00032650: 6661 6c73 652c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d false, Up: Comm\n+00032660: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n+00032670: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3239 2066 7773 6574 s..17.4.29 fwset\n+00032680: 7570 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d up.-------------\n+00032690: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n+000326a0: 2066 7773 6574 7570 205b 2d2d 6973 2d73 fwsetup [--is-s\n+000326b0: 7570 706f 7274 6564 5d0a 2020 2020 2052 upported]. R\n+000326c0: 6562 6f6f 7420 696e 746f 2074 6865 2066 eboot into the f\n+000326d0: 6972 6d77 6172 6520 7365 7475 7020 6d65 irmware setup me\n+000326e0: 6e75 2e20 2049 6620 e280 982d 2d69 732d nu. If ...--is-\n+000326f0: 7375 7070 6f72 7465 64e2 8099 206f 7074 supported... opt\n+00032700: 696f 6e20 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 ion is. spec\n+00032710: 6966 6965 642c 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2063 ified, instead c\n+00032720: 6865 636b 2077 6865 7468 6572 2074 6865 heck whether the\n+00032730: 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6520 7375 7070 6f72 firmware suppor\n+00032740: 7473 2061 2073 6574 7570 206d 656e 750a ts a setup menu.\n+00032750: 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2065 7869 7420 7375 and exit su\n+00032760: 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2069 6620 736f ccessfully if so\n+00032770: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00032780: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2067 6462 info, Node: gdb\n+00032790: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2067 6574 info, Next: get\n+000327a0: 7465 7874 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2066 7773 text, Prev: fws\n+000327b0: 6574 7570 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 etup, Up: Comma\n+000327c0: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+000327d0: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3020 6764 6269 6e66 ..17.4.30 gdbinf\n+000327e0: 6f0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d o.--------------\n+000327f0: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+00032800: 6764 6269 6e66 6f0a 2020 2020 204f 7574 gdbinfo. Out\n+00032810: 7075 7420 7465 7874 2074 6f20 6265 2075 put text to be u\n+00032820: 7365 6420 6173 2061 2047 4442 2063 6f6d sed as a GDB com\n+00032830: 6d61 6e64 2066 6f72 2061 2047 4442 2073 mand for a GDB s\n+00032840: 6573 7369 6f6e 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 ession using the\n+00032850: 0a20 2020 2020 6764 625f 6772 7562 2073 . gdb_grub s\n+00032860: 6372 6970 7420 616e 6420 6174 7461 6368 cript and attach\n+00032870: 6564 2074 6f20 6120 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 ed to a running \n+00032880: 4752 5542 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 652e 2020 GRUB instance. \n+00032890: 5468 6520 4744 420a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d The GDB. com\n+000328a0: 6d61 6e64 2074 6861 7420 6973 206f 7574 mand that is out\n+000328b0: 7075 7420 7769 6c6c 2074 656c 6c20 4744 put will tell GD\n+000328c0: 4220 686f 7720 746f 206c 6f61 6420 6465 B how to load de\n+000328d0: 6275 6767 696e 6720 7379 6d62 6f6c 730a bugging symbols.\n+000328e0: 2020 2020 2074 6f20 7468 6569 7220 7072 to their pr\n+000328f0: 6f70 6572 2072 756e 7469 6d65 2061 6464 oper runtime add\n+00032900: 7265 7373 2e20 2043 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 ress. Currently\n+00032910: 2074 6869 7320 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 this is only av\n+00032920: 6169 6c61 626c 650a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 ailable. for\n+00032930: 2045 4649 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2e20 EFI platforms. \n+00032940: 2053 6565 2074 6865 2044 6562 7567 6769 See the Debuggi\n+00032950: 6e67 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6465 7665 6c6f ng in the develo\n+00032960: 7065 720a 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e per. documen\n+00032970: 7461 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 tation for more \n+00032980: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a information.....\n+00032990: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+000329a0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6765 7474 6578 742c Node: gettext,\n+000329b0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6770 7473 796e 632c Next: gptsync,\n+000329c0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6764 6269 6e66 6f2c Prev: gdbinfo,\n+000329d0: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n+000329e0: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n+000329f0: 342e 3331 2067 6574 7465 7874 0a2d 2d2d 4.31 gettext.---\n+00032a00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+00032a10: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2067 6574 7465 - Command: gette\n+00032a20: 7874 2073 7472 696e 670a 2020 2020 2054 xt string. T\n+00032a30: 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 2053 5452 494e 4720 ranslate STRING \n+00032a40: 696e 746f 2074 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 into the current\n+00032a50: 206c 616e 6775 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 language... \n+00032a60: 2054 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 206c 616e The current lan\n+00032a70: 6775 6167 6520 636f 6465 2069 7320 7374 guage code is st\n+00032a80: 6f72 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 986c ored in the ...l\n+00032a90: 616e 67e2 8099 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 ang... variable \n+00032aa0: 696e 0a20 2020 2020 4752 5542 2773 2065 in. GRUB's e\n+00032ab0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2028 2a6e 6f74 nvironment (*not\n+00032ac0: 6520 6c61 6e67 3a3a 292e 2020 5472 616e e lang::). Tran\n+00032ad0: 736c 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 696e slation files in\n+00032ae0: 204d 4f20 666f 726d 6174 0a20 2020 2020 MO format. \n+00032af0: 6172 6520 7265 6164 2066 726f 6d20 e280 are read from ..\n+00032b00: 986c 6f63 616c 655f 6469 72e2 8099 2028 .locale_dir... (\n+00032b10: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6c6f 6361 6c65 5f64 6972 *note locale_dir\n+00032b20: 3a3a 292c 2075 7375 616c 6c79 0a20 2020 ::), usually. \n+00032b30: 2020 e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 622f .../boot/grub/\n+00032b40: 6c6f 6361 6c65 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 locale........Fi\n+00032b50: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00032b60: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6770 7473 796e 632c 2020 Node: gptsync, \n+00032b70: 4e65 7874 3a20 6861 6c74 2c20 2050 7265 Next: halt, Pre\n+00032b80: 763a 2067 6574 7465 7874 2c20 2055 703a v: gettext, Up:\n+00032b90: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+00032ba0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3220 mmands..17.4.32 \n+00032bb0: 6770 7473 796e 630a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d gptsync.--------\n+00032bc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+00032bd0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6770 7473 796e 6320 6465 mand: gptsync de\n+00032be0: 7669 6365 205b 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e5b vice [partition[\n+00032bf0: 2b2f 2d5b 7479 7065 5d5d 5d20 2e2e 2e0a +/-[type]]] ....\n+00032c00: 2020 2020 2044 6973 6b73 2075 7369 6e67 Disks using\n+00032c10: 2074 6865 2047 5549 4420 5061 7274 6974 the GUID Partit\n+00032c20: 696f 6e20 5461 626c 6520 2847 5054 2920 ion Table (GPT) \n+00032c30: 616c 736f 2068 6176 6520 6120 6c65 6761 also have a lega\n+00032c40: 6379 0a20 2020 2020 4d61 7374 6572 2042 cy. Master B\n+00032c50: 6f6f 7420 5265 636f 7264 2028 4d42 5229 oot Record (MBR)\n+00032c60: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 partition table\n+00032c70: 2066 6f72 2063 6f6d 7061 7469 6269 6c69 for compatibili\n+00032c80: 7479 2077 6974 6820 7468 650a 2020 2020 ty with the. \n+00032c90: 2042 494f 5320 616e 6420 7769 7468 206f BIOS and with o\n+00032ca0: 6c64 6572 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 lder operating s\n+00032cb0: 7973 7465 6d73 2e20 2054 6865 206c 6567 ystems. The leg\n+00032cc0: 6163 7920 4d42 5220 6361 6e20 6f6e 6c79 acy MBR can only\n+00032cd0: 0a20 2020 2020 7265 7072 6573 656e 7420 . represent \n+00032ce0: 6120 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 7375 6273 6574 a limited subset\n+00032cf0: 206f 6620 4750 5420 7061 7274 6974 696f of GPT partitio\n+00032d00: 6e20 656e 7472 6965 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 n entries... \n+00032d10: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 706f This command po\n+00032d20: 7075 6c61 7465 7320 7468 6520 6c65 6761 pulates the lega\n+00032d30: 6379 204d 4252 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 cy MBR with the \n+00032d40: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 5041 5254 4954 specified PARTIT\n+00032d50: 494f 4e0a 2020 2020 2065 6e74 7269 6573 ION. entries\n+00032d60: 206f 6e20 4445 5649 4345 2e20 2055 7020 on DEVICE. Up \n+00032d70: 746f 2074 6872 6565 2070 6172 7469 7469 to three partiti\n+00032d80: 6f6e 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 642e ons may be used.\n+00032d90: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 5950 4520 6973 2061 .. TYPE is a\n+00032da0: 6e20 4d42 5220 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 n MBR partition \n+00032db0: 7479 7065 2063 6f64 653b 2070 7265 6669 type code; prefi\n+00032dc0: 7820 7769 7468 20e2 8098 3078 e280 9920 x with ...0x... \n+00032dd0: 6966 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 746f 0a20 if you want to. \n+00032de0: 2020 2020 656e 7465 7220 7468 6973 2069 enter this i\n+00032df0: 6e20 6865 7861 6465 6369 6d61 6c2e 2020 n hexadecimal. \n+00032e00: 5468 6520 7365 7061 7261 746f 7220 6265 The separator be\n+00032e10: 7477 6565 6e20 5041 5254 4954 494f 4e20 tween PARTITION \n+00032e20: 616e 640a 2020 2020 2054 5950 4520 6d61 and. TYPE ma\n+00032e30: 7920 6265 20e2 8098 2be2 8099 2074 6f20 y be ...+... to \n+00032e40: 6d61 6b65 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 make the partiti\n+00032e50: 6f6e 2061 6374 6976 652c 206f 7220 e280 on active, or ..\n+00032e60: 982d e280 9920 746f 206d 616b 6520 6974 .-... to make it\n+00032e70: 0a20 2020 2020 696e 6163 7469 7665 3b20 . inactive; \n+00032e80: 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e65 2070 6172 7469 7469 only one partiti\n+00032e90: 6f6e 206d 6179 2062 6520 6163 7469 7665 on may be active\n+00032ea0: 2e20 2049 6620 626f 7468 2074 6865 2073 . If both the s\n+00032eb0: 6570 6172 6174 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 616e eparator. an\n+00032ec0: 6420 7479 7065 2061 7265 206f 6d69 7474 d type are omitt\n+00032ed0: 6564 2c20 7468 656e 2074 6865 2070 6172 ed, then the par\n+00032ee0: 7469 7469 6f6e 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2069 tition will be i\n+00032ef0: 6e61 6374 6976 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 nactive.....File\n+00032f00: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00032f10: 6465 3a20 6861 6c74 2c20 204e 6578 743a de: halt, Next:\n+00032f20: 2068 6173 6873 756d 2c20 2050 7265 763a hashsum, Prev:\n+00032f30: 2067 7074 7379 6e63 2c20 2055 703a 2043 gptsync, Up: C\n+00032f40: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n+00032f50: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3320 6861 ands..17.4.33 ha\n+00032f60: 6c74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a lt.------------.\n+00032f70: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6861 . -- Command: ha\n+00032f80: 6c74 205b 2d2d 6e6f 2d61 706d 5d0a 2020 lt [--no-apm]. \n+00032f90: 2020 2054 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2068 The command h\n+00032fa0: 616c 7473 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 alts the compute\n+00032fb0: 722e 2020 4f6e 2074 6865 2069 3338 362d r. On the i386-\n+00032fc0: 7063 2074 6172 6765 742c 2074 6865 0a20 pc target, the. \n+00032fd0: 2020 2020 e280 982d 2d6e 6f2d 6170 6de2 ...--no-apm.\n+00032fe0: 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e2c 206f 7220 7368 .. option, or sh\n+00032ff0: 6f72 7420 e280 982d 6ee2 8099 2c20 6973 ort ...-n..., is\n+00033000: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2c20 6e6f 2041 specified, no A\n+00033010: 504d 2042 494f 5320 6361 6c6c 2069 730a PM BIOS call is.\n+00033020: 2020 2020 2070 6572 666f 726d 6564 2e20 performed. \n+00033030: 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c20 7468 6520 Otherwise, the \n+00033040: 636f 6d70 7574 6572 2069 7320 7368 7574 computer is shut\n+00033050: 2064 6f77 6e20 7573 696e 6720 4150 4d20 down using APM \n+00033060: 6f6e 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 2074 6172 on that. tar\n+00033070: 6765 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 get.....File: gr\n+00033080: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00033090: 6861 7368 7375 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 hashsum, Next: \n+000330a0: 6865 6c70 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2068 616c help, Prev: hal\n+000330b0: 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d t, Up: Command-\n+000330c0: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+000330d0: 372e 342e 3334 2068 6173 6873 756d 0a2d 7.4.34 hashsum.-\n+000330e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+000330f0: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2068 6173 -- Command: has\n+00033100: 6873 756d 202d 2d68 6173 6820 6861 7368 hsum --hash hash\n+00033110: 202d 2d6b 6565 702d 676f 696e 6720 2d2d --keep-going --\n+00033120: 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 202d 2d63 6865 uncompress --che\n+00033130: 636b 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ck file. \n+00033140: 2020 5b2d 2d70 7265 6669 7820 6469 725d [--prefix dir]\n+00033150: 7c66 696c 6520 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2043 |file .... C\n+00033160: 6f6d 7075 7465 206f 7220 7665 7269 6679 ompute or verify\n+00033170: 2066 696c 6520 6861 7368 6573 2e20 2048 file hashes. H\n+00033180: 6173 6820 7479 7065 2069 7320 7365 6c65 ash type is sele\n+00033190: 6374 6564 2077 6974 6820 6f70 7469 6f6e cted with option\n+000331a0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d 2d68 6173 68e2 . ...--hash.\n+000331b0: 8099 2e20 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 2068 ... Supported h\n+000331c0: 6173 6865 7320 6172 653a 20e2 8098 6164 ashes are: ...ad\n+000331d0: 6c65 7233 32e2 8099 2c20 e280 9863 7263 ler32..., ...crc\n+000331e0: 3634 e280 992c 20e2 8098 6372 6333 32e2 64..., ...crc32.\n+000331f0: 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6372 6333 ..,. ...crc3\n+00033200: 3272 6663 3135 3130 e280 992c 20e2 8098 2rfc1510..., ...\n+00033210: 6372 6332 3472 6663 3234 3430 e280 992c crc24rfc2440...,\n+00033220: 20e2 8098 6d64 34e2 8099 2c20 e280 986d ...md4..., ...m\n+00033230: 6435 e280 992c 20e2 8098 7269 7065 6d64 d5..., ...ripemd\n+00033240: 3136 30e2 8099 2c20 e280 9873 6861 31e2 160..., ...sha1.\n+00033250: 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7368 6132 ..,. ...sha2\n+00033260: 3234 e280 992c 20e2 8098 7368 6132 3536 24..., ...sha256\n+00033270: e280 992c 20e2 8098 7368 6135 3132 e280 ..., ...sha512..\n+00033280: 992c 20e2 8098 7368 6133 3834 e280 992c ., ...sha384...,\n+00033290: 20e2 8098 7469 6765 7231 3932 e280 992c ...tiger192...,\n+000332a0: 20e2 8098 7469 6765 72e2 8099 2c0a 2020 ...tiger...,. \n+000332b0: 2020 20e2 8098 7469 6765 7232 e280 992c ...tiger2...,\n+000332c0: 20e2 8098 7768 6972 6c70 6f6f 6ce2 8099 ...whirlpool...\n+000332d0: 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d75 . Option ...--u\n+000332e0: 6e63 6f6d 7072 6573 73e2 8099 2075 6e63 ncompress... unc\n+000332f0: 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 7320 6669 6c65 730a ompresses files.\n+00033300: 2020 2020 2062 6566 6f72 6520 636f 6d70 before comp\n+00033310: 7574 696e 6720 6861 7368 2e0a 0a20 2020 uting hash... \n+00033320: 2020 5768 656e 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2066 When list of f\n+00033330: 696c 6573 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2068 iles is given, h\n+00033340: 6173 6820 6f66 2065 6163 6820 6669 6c65 ash of each file\n+00033350: 2069 7320 636f 6d70 7574 6564 2061 6e64 is computed and\n+00033360: 0a20 2020 2020 7072 696e 7465 642c 2066 . printed, f\n+00033370: 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 2066 696c 6520 ollowed by file \n+00033380: 6e61 6d65 2c20 6561 6368 2066 696c 6520 name, each file \n+00033390: 6f6e 2061 206e 6577 206c 696e 652e 0a0a on a new line...\n+000333a0: 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 6f70 7469 6f6e When option\n+000333b0: 20e2 8098 2d2d 6368 6563 6be2 8099 2069 ...--check... i\n+000333c0: 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2069 7420 706f 696e s given, it poin\n+000333d0: 7473 2074 6f20 6120 6669 6c65 2074 6861 ts to a file tha\n+000333e0: 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 0a20 2020 2020 t contains. \n+000333f0: 6c69 7374 206f 6620 4841 5348 204e 414d list of HASH NAM\n+00033400: 4520 7061 6972 7320 696e 2074 6865 2073 E pairs in the s\n+00033410: 616d 6520 666f 726d 6174 2061 7320 7573 ame format as us\n+00033420: 6564 2062 7920 554e 4958 20e2 8098 6d64 ed by UNIX ...md\n+00033430: 3573 756d e280 990a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 5sum.... com\n+00033440: 6d61 6e64 2e20 204f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 mand. Option ..\n+00033450: 982d 2d70 7265 6669 78e2 8099 206d 6179 .--prefix... may\n+00033460: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6769 7665 be used to give\n+00033470: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2077 6865 7265 directory where\n+00033480: 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 7320 6172 6520 . files are \n+00033490: 6c6f 6361 7465 642e 2020 4861 7368 2076 located. Hash v\n+000334a0: 6572 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7374 6f70 erification stop\n+000334b0: 7320 6166 7465 7220 7468 6520 6669 7273 s after the firs\n+000334c0: 740a 2020 2020 206d 6973 6d61 7463 6820 t. mismatch \n+000334d0: 7761 7320 666f 756e 6420 756e 6c65 7373 was found unless\n+000334e0: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d6b 6565 option ...--kee\n+000334f0: 702d 676f 696e 67e2 8099 2077 6173 2067 p-going... was g\n+00033500: 6976 656e 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 iven. The. \n+00033510: 6578 6974 2063 6f64 6520 e280 9824 3fe2 exit code ...$?.\n+00033520: 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 2030 2069 .. is set to 0 i\n+00033530: 6620 6861 7368 2076 6572 6966 6963 6174 f hash verificat\n+00033540: 696f 6e20 6973 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 ion is successfu\n+00033550: 6c2e 2020 4966 0a20 2020 2020 6974 2066 l. If. it f\n+00033560: 6169 6c73 2c20 e280 9824 3fe2 8099 2069 ails, ...$?... i\n+00033570: 7320 7365 7420 746f 2061 206e 6f6e 7a65 s set to a nonze\n+00033580: 726f 2076 616c 7565 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ro value.....Fil\n+00033590: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+000335a0: 6f64 653a 2068 656c 702c 2020 4e65 7874 ode: help, Next\n+000335b0: 3a20 6865 7864 756d 702c 2020 5072 6576 : hexdump, Prev\n+000335c0: 3a20 6861 7368 7375 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 : hashsum, Up: \n+000335d0: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n+000335e0: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3335 2068 mands..17.4.35 h\n+000335f0: 656c 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d elp.------------\n+00033600: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2068 .. -- Command: h\n+00033610: 656c 7020 5b70 6174 7465 726e 202e 2e2e elp [pattern ...\n+00033620: 5d0a 2020 2020 2044 6973 706c 6179 2068 ]. Display h\n+00033630: 656c 7066 756c 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 elpful informati\n+00033640: 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 2062 7569 6c74 696e on about builtin\n+00033650: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732e 2020 4966 2079 commands. If y\n+00033660: 6f75 2064 6f20 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2073 ou do not. s\n+00033670: 7065 6369 6679 2050 4154 5445 524e 2c20 pecify PATTERN, \n+00033680: 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2073 686f this command sho\n+00033690: 7773 2073 686f 7274 2064 6573 6372 6970 ws short descrip\n+000336a0: 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 2061 6c6c 0a20 2020 tions of all. \n+000336b0: 2020 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 636f 6d6d available comm\n+000336c0: 616e 6473 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2079 ands... If y\n+000336d0: 6f75 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 6e79 2050 ou specify any P\n+000336e0: 4154 5445 524e 532c 2069 7420 6469 7370 ATTERNS, it disp\n+000336f0: 6c61 7973 206c 6f6e 6765 7220 696e 666f lays longer info\n+00033700: 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 740a 2020 rmation about. \n+00033710: 2020 2065 6163 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2063 each of the c\n+00033720: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7768 6f73 6520 6e61 ommands whose na\n+00033730: 6d65 7320 6265 6769 6e20 7769 7468 2074 mes begin with t\n+00033740: 686f 7365 2050 4154 5445 524e 532e 0a0a hose PATTERNS...\n+00033750: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00033760: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6865 7864 756d o, Node: hexdum\n+00033770: 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 696e 736d 6f64 p, Next: insmod\n+00033780: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2068 656c 702c 2020 , Prev: help, \n+00033790: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n+000337a0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n+000337b0: 3336 2068 6578 6475 6d70 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 36 hexdump.-----\n+000337c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+000337d0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2068 6578 6475 6d70 Command: hexdump\n+000337e0: 205b 2d2d 736b 6970 206f 6666 7365 745d [--skip offset]\n+000337f0: 205b 2d2d 6c65 6e67 7468 206c 656e 5d20 [--length len] \n+00033800: 4649 4c45 5f4f 525f 4445 5649 4345 0a20 FILE_OR_DEVICE. \n+00033810: 2020 2020 5368 6f77 2072 6177 2063 6f6e Show raw con\n+00033820: 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 2061 2066 696c 6520 tents of a file \n+00033830: 6f72 206d 656d 6f72 792e 2020 5768 656e or memory. When\n+00033840: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 2d73 6b69 option ...--ski\n+00033850: 70e2 8099 2069 730a 2020 2020 2067 6976 p... is. giv\n+00033860: 656e 2c20 e280 986f 6666 7365 74e2 8099 en, ...offset...\n+00033870: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2062 7974 6573 number of bytes\n+00033880: 2061 7265 2073 6b69 7070 6564 2066 726f are skipped fro\n+00033890: 6d20 7468 6520 7374 6172 7420 6f66 2074 m the start of t\n+000338a0: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6465 7669 6365 206f he. device o\n+000338b0: 7220 6669 6c65 2067 6976 656e 2e20 2041 r file given. A\n+000338c0: 6e64 20e2 8098 2d2d 6c65 6e67 7468 e280 nd ...--length..\n+000338d0: 9920 616c 6c6f 7773 2073 7065 6369 6679 . allows specify\n+000338e0: 696e 6720 6120 6d61 7869 6d75 6d0a 2020 ing a maximum. \n+000338f0: 2020 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2062 7974 number of byt\n+00033900: 6573 2074 6f20 6265 2073 686f 776e 2e0a es to be shown..\n+00033910: 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2067 6976 656e 2074 . If given t\n+00033920: 6865 2073 7065 6369 616c 2064 6576 6963 he special devic\n+00033930: 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 e280 9828 6d65 6d29 e named ...(mem)\n+00033940: e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 e280 ..., then the ..\n+00033950: 986f 6666 7365 74e2 8099 2067 6976 656e .offset... given\n+00033960: 0a20 2020 2020 746f 20e2 8098 2d2d 736b . to ...--sk\n+00033970: 6970 e280 9920 6973 2074 7265 6174 6564 ip... is treated\n+00033980: 2061 7320 7468 6520 6164 6472 6573 7320 as the address \n+00033990: 6f66 2061 206d 656d 6f72 7920 6c6f 6361 of a memory loca\n+000339a0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 6475 6d70 0a20 2020 tion to dump. \n+000339b0: 2020 6672 6f6d 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a from.....File:\n+000339c0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+000339d0: 653a 2069 6e73 6d6f 642c 2020 4e65 7874 e: insmod, Next\n+000339e0: 3a20 6b65 7973 7461 7475 732c 2020 5072 : keystatus, Pr\n+000339f0: 6576 3a20 6865 7864 756d 702c 2020 5570 ev: hexdump, Up\n+00033a00: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n+00033a10: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3337 ommands..17.4.37\n+00033a20: 2069 6e73 6d6f 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d insmod.--------\n+00033a30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n+00033a40: 616e 643a 2069 6e73 6d6f 6420 6d6f 6475 and: insmod modu\n+00033a50: 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 496e 7365 7274 2074 le. Insert t\n+00033a60: 6865 2064 796e 616d 6963 2047 5255 4220 he dynamic GRUB \n+00033a70: 6d6f 6475 6c65 2063 616c 6c65 6420 4d4f module called MO\n+00033a80: 4455 4c45 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 DULE.....File: g\n+00033a90: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00033aa0: 206b 6579 7374 6174 7573 2c20 204e 6578 keystatus, Nex\n+00033ab0: 743a 206c 6973 745f 656e 762c 2020 5072 t: list_env, Pr\n+00033ac0: 6576 3a20 696e 736d 6f64 2c20 2055 703a ev: insmod, Up:\n+00033ad0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+00033ae0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e33 3820 mmands..17.4.38 \n+00033af0: 6b65 7973 7461 7475 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d keystatus.------\n+00033b00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n+00033b10: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6b65 7973 7461 Command: keysta\n+00033b20: 7475 7320 5b2d 2d73 6869 6674 5d20 5b2d tus [--shift] [-\n+00033b30: 2d63 7472 6c5d 205b 2d2d 616c 745d 0a20 -ctrl] [--alt]. \n+00033b40: 2020 2020 5265 7475 726e 2074 7275 6520 Return true \n+00033b50: 6966 2074 6865 2053 6869 6674 2c20 436f if the Shift, Co\n+00033b60: 6e74 726f 6c2c 206f 7220 416c 7420 6d6f ntrol, or Alt mo\n+00033b70: 6469 6669 6572 206b 6579 7320 6172 6520 difier keys are \n+00033b80: 6865 6c64 0a20 2020 2020 646f 776e 2c20 held. down, \n+00033b90: 6173 2072 6571 7565 7374 6564 2062 7920 as requested by \n+00033ba0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 5468 6973 2069 options. This i\n+00033bb0: 7320 7573 6566 756c 2069 6e20 7363 7269 s useful in scri\n+00033bc0: 7074 696e 672c 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2061 pting, to. a\n+00033bd0: 6c6c 6f77 2073 6f6d 6520 7573 6572 2063 llow some user c\n+00033be0: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 206f 7665 7220 6265 6861 ontrol over beha\n+00033bf0: 7669 6f75 7220 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6861 viour without ha\n+00033c00: 7669 6e67 2074 6f20 7761 6974 2066 6f72 ving to wait for\n+00033c10: 2061 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 7970 7265 7373 a. keypress\n+00033c20: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4368 6563 6b69 6e67 ... Checking\n+00033c30: 206b 6579 206d 6f64 6966 6965 7220 7374 key modifier st\n+00033c40: 6174 7573 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2073 7570 atus is only sup\n+00033c50: 706f 7274 6564 206f 6e20 736f 6d65 2070 ported on some p\n+00033c60: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 latforms.. I\n+00033c70: 6620 696e 766f 6b65 6420 7769 7468 6f75 f invoked withou\n+00033c80: 7420 616e 7920 6f70 7469 6f6e 732c 2074 t any options, t\n+00033c90: 6865 20e2 8098 6b65 7973 7461 7475 73e2 he ...keystatus.\n+00033ca0: 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2072 6574 7572 .. command retur\n+00033cb0: 6e73 0a20 2020 2020 7472 7565 2069 6620 ns. true if \n+00033cc0: 616e 6420 6f6e 6c79 2069 6620 6368 6563 and only if chec\n+00033cd0: 6b69 6e67 206b 6579 206d 6f64 6966 6965 king key modifie\n+00033ce0: 7220 7374 6174 7573 2069 7320 7375 7070 r status is supp\n+00033cf0: 6f72 7465 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 orted.....File: \n+00033d00: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00033d10: 3a20 6c69 7374 5f65 6e76 2c20 204e 6578 : list_env, Nex\n+00033d20: 743a 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 642c t: list_trusted,\n+00033d30: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6b65 7973 7461 7475 Prev: keystatu\n+00033d40: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d s, Up: Command-\n+00033d50: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+00033d60: 372e 342e 3339 206c 6973 745f 656e 760a 7.4.39 list_env.\n+00033d70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00033d80: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c .. -- Command: l\n+00033d90: 6973 745f 656e 7620 5b2d 2d66 696c 6520 ist_env [--file \n+00033da0: 6669 6c65 5d0a 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 file]. List \n+00033db0: 616c 6c20 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 696e all variables in\n+00033dc0: 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 the environment\n+00033dd0: 2062 6c6f 636b 2066 696c 652e 2020 2a4e block file. *N\n+00033de0: 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e ote. Environ\n+00033df0: 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 ment block::... \n+00033e00: 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 982d 2d66 696c The ...--fil\n+00033e10: 65e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6f76 6572 e... option over\n+00033e20: 7269 6465 7320 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c rides the defaul\n+00033e30: 7420 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 t location of th\n+00033e40: 650a 2020 2020 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 e. environme\n+00033e50: 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c nt block.....Fil\n+00033e60: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00033e70: 6f64 653a 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 ode: list_truste\n+00033e80: 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 d, Next: load_e\n+00033e90: 6e76 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c 6973 745f nv, Prev: list_\n+00033ea0: 656e 762c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e env, Up: Comman\n+00033eb0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+00033ec0: 0a31 372e 342e 3430 206c 6973 745f 7472 .17.4.40 list_tr\n+00033ed0: 7573 7465 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d usted.----------\n+00033ee0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+00033ef0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c 6973 745f 7472 Command: list_tr\n+00033f00: 7573 7465 640a 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 usted. List \n+00033f10: 616c 6c20 7075 626c 6963 206b 6579 7320 all public keys \n+00033f20: 7472 7573 7465 6420 6279 2047 5255 4220 trusted by GRUB \n+00033f30: 666f 7220 7661 6c69 6461 7469 6e67 2073 for validating s\n+00033f40: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 732e 0a20 2020 2020 ignatures.. \n+00033f50: 5468 6520 6f75 7470 7574 2069 7320 696e The output is in\n+00033f60: 2047 5047 2773 2076 3420 6b65 7920 6669 GPG's v4 key fi\n+00033f70: 6e67 6572 7072 696e 7420 666f 726d 6174 ngerprint format\n+00033f80: 2028 692e 652e 2c20 7468 6520 6f75 7470 (i.e., the outp\n+00033f90: 7574 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 20e2 8098 6770 ut. of ...gp\n+00033fa0: 6720 2d2d 6669 6e67 6572 7072 696e 74e2 g --fingerprint.\n+00033fb0: 8099 292e 2020 5468 6520 6c65 6173 7420 ..). The least \n+00033fc0: 7369 676e 6966 6963 616e 7420 666f 7572 significant four\n+00033fd0: 2062 7974 6573 2028 6c61 7374 0a20 2020 bytes (last. \n+00033fe0: 2020 6569 6768 7420 6865 7861 6465 6369 eight hexadeci\n+00033ff0: 6d61 6c20 6469 6769 7473 2920 6361 6e20 mal digits) can \n+00034000: 6265 2075 7365 6420 6173 2061 6e20 6172 be used as an ar\n+00034010: 6775 6d65 6e74 2074 6f20 e280 9864 6973 gument to ...dis\n+00034020: 7472 7573 74e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 282a trust.... (*\n+00034030: 6e6f 7465 2064 6973 7472 7573 743a 3a29 note distrust::)\n+00034040: 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2055 7369 6e67 2064 . *Note Using d\n+00034050: 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 igital signature\n+00034060: 733a 3a2c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 2020 s::, for more. \n+00034070: 2020 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 information a\n+00034080: 626f 7574 2075 7365 7320 666f 7220 7468 bout uses for th\n+00034090: 6573 6520 6b65 7973 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ese keys.....Fil\n+000340a0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+000340b0: 6f64 653a 206c 6f61 645f 656e 762c 2020 ode: load_env, \n+000340c0: 4e65 7874 3a20 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 2c20 Next: loadfont, \n+000340d0: 2050 7265 763a 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 Prev: list_trus\n+000340e0: 7465 642c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e ted, Up: Comman\n+000340f0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+00034100: 0a31 372e 342e 3431 206c 6f61 645f 656e .17.4.41 load_en\n+00034110: 760a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d v.--------------\n+00034120: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n+00034130: 206c 6f61 645f 656e 7620 5b2d 2d66 696c load_env [--fil\n+00034140: 6520 6669 6c65 5d20 5b2d 2d73 6b69 702d e file] [--skip-\n+00034150: 7369 675d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b sig]. [\n+00034160: 7768 6974 656c 6973 7465 645f 7661 7269 whitelisted_vari\n+00034170: 6162 6c65 5f6e 616d 655d 202e 2e2e 0a20 able_name] .... \n+00034180: 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 6c6c 2076 6172 Load all var\n+00034190: 6961 626c 6573 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 iables from the \n+000341a0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 environment bloc\n+000341b0: 6b20 6669 6c65 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 650a k file into the.\n+000341c0: 2020 2020 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 environment\n+000341d0: 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e . *Note Environ\n+000341e0: 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 ment block::... \n+000341f0: 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 982d 2d66 696c The ...--fil\n+00034200: 65e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6f76 6572 e... option over\n+00034210: 7269 6465 7320 7468 6520 6465 6661 756c rides the defaul\n+00034220: 7420 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 t location of th\n+00034230: 650a 2020 2020 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 e. environme\n+00034240: 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 nt block... \n+00034250: 5468 6520 e280 982d 2d73 6b69 702d 7369 The ...--skip-si\n+00034260: 67e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 736b 6970 g... option skip\n+00034270: 7320 7369 676e 6174 7572 6520 6368 6563 s signature chec\n+00034280: 6b69 6e67 2065 7665 6e20 7768 656e 2074 king even when t\n+00034290: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 he. value of\n+000342a0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+000342b0: 6961 626c 6520 e280 9863 6865 636b 5f73 iable ...check_s\n+000342c0: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 73e2 8099 2069 7320 ignatures... is \n+000342d0: 7365 7420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9865 set to. ...e\n+000342e0: 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 nforce... (*note\n+000342f0: 2063 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 check_signature\n+00034300: 733a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 206f s::)... If o\n+00034310: 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 2076 6172 6961 ne or more varia\n+00034320: 626c 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6172 6520 7072 ble names are pr\n+00034330: 6f76 6964 6564 2061 7320 6172 6775 6d65 ovided as argume\n+00034340: 6e74 732c 2074 6865 7920 6172 650a 2020 nts, they are. \n+00034350: 2020 2069 6e74 6572 7072 6574 6564 2061 interpreted a\n+00034360: 7320 6120 7768 6974 656c 6973 7420 6f66 s a whitelist of\n+00034370: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2074 6f20 6c6f variables to lo\n+00034380: 6164 2066 726f 6d20 7468 650a 2020 2020 ad from the. \n+00034390: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f environment blo\n+000343a0: 636b 2066 696c 652e 2020 5661 7269 6162 ck file. Variab\n+000343b0: 6c65 7320 7365 7420 696e 2074 6865 2066 les set in the f\n+000343c0: 696c 6520 6275 7420 6e6f 7420 7072 6573 ile but not pres\n+000343d0: 656e 740a 2020 2020 2069 6e20 7468 6520 ent. in the \n+000343e0: 7768 6974 656c 6973 7420 6172 6520 6967 whitelist are ig\n+000343f0: 6e6f 7265 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 nored... The\n+00034400: 20e2 8098 2d2d 736b 6970 2d73 6967 e280 ...--skip-sig..\n+00034410: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2073 686f 756c 6420 . option should \n+00034420: 6265 2075 7365 6420 7769 7468 2063 6172 be used with car\n+00034430: 652c 2061 6e64 2073 686f 756c 6420 616c e, and should al\n+00034440: 7761 7973 0a20 2020 2020 6265 2075 7365 ways. be use\n+00034450: 6420 696e 2063 6f6e 6365 7274 2077 6974 d in concert wit\n+00034460: 6820 6120 7768 6974 656c 6973 7420 6f66 h a whitelist of\n+00034470: 2061 6363 6570 7461 626c 6520 7661 7269 acceptable vari\n+00034480: 6162 6c65 7320 7768 6f73 650a 2020 2020 ables whose. \n+00034490: 2076 616c 7565 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 values should b\n+000344a0: 6520 7365 742e 2020 4661 696c 7572 6520 e set. Failure \n+000344b0: 746f 2065 6d70 6c6f 7920 6120 6361 7265 to employ a care\n+000344c0: 6675 6c6c 7920 636f 6e73 7472 7563 7465 fully constructe\n+000344d0: 640a 2020 2020 2077 6869 7465 6c69 7374 d. whitelist\n+000344e0: 2063 6f75 6c64 2072 6573 756c 7420 696e could result in\n+000344f0: 2072 6561 6469 6e67 2061 206d 616c 6963 reading a malic\n+00034500: 696f 7573 2076 616c 7565 2069 6e74 6f20 ious value into \n+00034510: 6372 6974 6963 616c 0a20 2020 2020 656e critical. en\n+00034520: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n+00034530: 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2066 696c les from the fil\n+00034540: 652c 2073 7563 6820 6173 2073 6574 7469 e, such as setti\n+00034550: 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9863 6865 636b ng. ...check\n+00034560: 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733d 6e6f e280 _signatures=no..\n+00034570: 992c 206d 6f64 6966 7969 6e67 20e2 8098 ., modifying ...\n+00034580: 7072 6566 6978 e280 9920 746f 2062 6f6f prefix... to boo\n+00034590: 7420 6672 6f6d 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 2075 t from an. u\n+000345a0: 6e65 7870 6563 7465 6420 6c6f 6361 7469 nexpected locati\n+000345b0: 6f6e 206f 7220 6e6f 7420 6174 2061 6c6c on or not at all\n+000345c0: 2c20 6574 632e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6865 , etc... Whe\n+000345d0: 6e20 7573 6564 2077 6974 6820 6361 7265 n used with care\n+000345e0: 2c20 e280 982d 2d73 6b69 702d 7369 67e2 , ...--skip-sig.\n+000345f0: 8099 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2077 6869 7465 .. and the white\n+00034600: 6c69 7374 2065 6e61 626c 6520 616e 0a20 list enable an. \n+00034610: 2020 2020 6164 6d69 6e69 7374 7261 746f administrato\n+00034620: 7220 746f 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 2061 r to configure a\n+00034630: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 746f 2062 6f6f 7420 system to boot \n+00034640: 6f6e 6c79 2073 6967 6e65 640a 2020 2020 only signed. \n+00034650: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 732c configurations,\n+00034660: 2062 7574 2074 6f20 616c 6c6f 7720 7468 but to allow th\n+00034670: 6520 7573 6572 2074 6f20 7365 6c65 6374 e user to select\n+00034680: 2066 726f 6d20 616d 6f6e 6720 6d75 6c74 from among mult\n+00034690: 6970 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 iple. config\n+000346a0: 7572 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 616e 6420 746f urations, and to\n+000346b0: 2065 6e61 626c 6520 226f 6e65 2d73 686f enable \"one-sho\n+000346c0: 7422 2062 6f6f 7420 6174 7465 6d70 7473 t\" boot attempts\n+000346d0: 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 2273 6176 6564 and. \"saved\n+000346e0: 6566 6175 6c74 2220 6265 6861 7669 6f72 efault\" behavior\n+000346f0: 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2055 7369 6e67 2064 . *Note Using d\n+00034700: 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 igital signature\n+00034710: 733a 3a2c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 2020 s::, for more. \n+00034720: 2020 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a information..\n+00034730: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+00034740: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206c 6f61 6466 fo, Node: loadf\n+00034750: 6f6e 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c6f 6f70 ont, Next: loop\n+00034760: 6261 636b 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206c 6f61 back, Prev: loa\n+00034770: 645f 656e 762c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d d_env, Up: Comm\n+00034780: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n+00034790: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3432 206c 6f61 6466 s..17.4.42 loadf\n+000347a0: 6f6e 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ont.------------\n+000347b0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+000347c0: 643a 206c 6f61 6466 6f6e 7420 6669 6c65 d: loadfont file\n+000347d0: 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2073 .... Load s\n+000347e0: 7065 6369 6669 6564 2066 6f6e 7420 6669 pecified font fi\n+000347f0: 6c65 732e 2020 556e 6c65 7373 2061 6273 les. Unless abs\n+00034800: 6f6c 7574 6520 7061 7468 6e61 6d65 2069 olute pathname i\n+00034810: 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2046 494c 450a 2020 s given, FILE. \n+00034820: 2020 2069 7320 6173 7375 6d65 6420 746f is assumed to\n+00034830: 2062 6520 696e 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 be in directory\n+00034840: 20e2 8098 2470 7265 6669 782f 666f 6e74 ...$prefix/font\n+00034850: 73e2 8099 2077 6974 6820 7375 6666 6978 s... with suffix\n+00034860: 20e2 8098 2e70 6632 e280 990a 2020 2020 ....pf2.... \n+00034870: 2061 7070 656e 6465 642e 2020 2a4e 6f74 appended. *Not\n+00034880: 6520 466f 6e74 733a 2054 6865 6d65 2066 e Fonts: Theme f\n+00034890: 696c 6520 666f 726d 6174 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 ile format.....F\n+000348a0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+000348b0: 204e 6f64 653a 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b2c Node: loopback,\n+000348c0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6c73 2c20 2050 7265 Next: ls, Pre\n+000348d0: 763a 206c 6f61 6466 6f6e 742c 2020 5570 v: loadfont, Up\n+000348e0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n+000348f0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3433 ommands..17.4.43\n+00034900: 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d loopback.------\n+00034910: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+00034920: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 Command: loopbac\n+00034930: 6b20 5b2d 645d 205b 2d44 5d20 6465 7669 k [-d] [-D] devi\n+00034940: 6365 2066 696c 650a 2020 2020 204d 616b ce file. Mak\n+00034950: 6520 7468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d e the device nam\n+00034960: 6564 2044 4556 4943 4520 636f 7272 6573 ed DEVICE corres\n+00034970: 706f 6e64 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f 6e74 pond to the cont\n+00034980: 656e 7473 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 ents of the. \n+00034990: 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 696d 6167 filesystem imag\n+000349a0: 6520 696e 2046 494c 452e 2020 466f 7220 e in FILE. For \n+000349b0: 6578 616d 706c 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 example:.. \n+000349c0: 2020 2020 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 206c 6f6f loopback loo\n+000349d0: 7030 202f 7061 7468 2f74 6f2f 696d 6167 p0 /path/to/imag\n+000349e0: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c73 2028 e. ls (\n+000349f0: 6c6f 6f70 3029 2f0a 0a20 2020 2020 5370 loop0)/.. Sp\n+00034a00: 6563 6966 7969 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 ecifying the ...\n+00034a10: 2d44 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2061 6c6c -D... option all\n+00034a20: 6f77 7320 7468 6520 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b ows the loopback\n+00034a30: 2066 696c 6520 746f 2062 650a 2020 2020 file to be. \n+00034a40: 2074 7261 6e70 6172 656e 746c 7920 6465 tranparently de\n+00034a50: 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 2069 6620 7468 compressed if th\n+00034a60: 6572 6520 6973 2061 6e20 6170 7072 6f70 ere is an approp\n+00034a70: 7269 6174 6520 6465 636f 6d70 7265 7373 riate decompress\n+00034a80: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6c6f 6164 6564 2e0a or. loaded..\n+00034a90: 0a20 2020 2020 5769 7468 2074 6865 20e2 . With the .\n+00034aa0: 8098 2d64 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 ..-d... option, \n+00034ab0: 6465 6c65 7465 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 delete a device \n+00034ac0: 7072 6576 696f 7573 6c79 2063 7265 6174 previously creat\n+00034ad0: 6564 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6869 730a 2020 ed using this. \n+00034ae0: 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 command.....F\n+00034af0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+00034b00: 204e 6f64 653a 206c 732c 2020 4e65 7874 Node: ls, Next\n+00034b10: 3a20 6c73 666f 6e74 732c 2020 5072 6576 : lsfonts, Prev\n+00034b20: 3a20 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 2c20 2055 703a : loopback, Up:\n+00034b30: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+00034b40: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 3420 mmands..17.4.44 \n+00034b50: 6c73 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 ls.----------.. \n+00034b60: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6c73 205b -- Command: ls [\n+00034b70: 6172 6720 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 arg ...]. Li\n+00034b80: 7374 2064 6576 6963 6573 206f 7220 6669 st devices or fi\n+00034b90: 6c65 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6974 6820 les... With \n+00034ba0: 6e6f 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2c20 7072 no arguments, pr\n+00034bb0: 696e 7420 616c 6c20 6465 7669 6365 7320 int all devices \n+00034bc0: 6b6e 6f77 6e20 746f 2047 5255 422e 0a0a known to GRUB...\n+00034bd0: 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 6172 6775 If the argu\n+00034be0: 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 6120 6465 7669 6365 ment is a device\n+00034bf0: 206e 616d 6520 656e 636c 6f73 6564 2069 name enclosed i\n+00034c00: 6e20 7061 7265 6e74 6865 7365 7320 282a n parentheses (*\n+00034c10: 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 4465 7669 6365 note. Device\n+00034c20: 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2c20 7468 656e syntax::), then\n+00034c30: 2070 7269 6e74 2074 6865 206e 616d 6520 print the name \n+00034c40: 6f66 2074 6865 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 of the filesyste\n+00034c50: 6d20 6f66 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 2064 m of that. d\n+00034c60: 6576 6963 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 evice... If \n+00034c70: 7468 6520 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 the argument is \n+00034c80: 6120 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6769 7665 a directory give\n+00034c90: 6e20 6173 2061 6e20 6162 736f 6c75 7465 n as an absolute\n+00034ca0: 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 file name. \n+00034cb0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2046 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 (*note File name\n+00034cc0: 2073 796e 7461 783a 3a29 2c20 7468 656e syntax::), then\n+00034cd0: 206c 6973 7420 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e list the conten\n+00034ce0: 7473 206f 6620 7468 6174 0a20 2020 2020 ts of that. \n+00034cf0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 directory.....Fi\n+00034d00: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00034d10: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c73 666f 6e74 732c 2020 Node: lsfonts, \n+00034d20: 4e65 7874 3a20 6c73 6d6f 642c 2020 5072 Next: lsmod, Pr\n+00034d30: 6576 3a20 6c73 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d ev: ls, Up: Com\n+00034d40: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+00034d50: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e34 3520 6c73 666f ds..17.4.45 lsfo\n+00034d60: 6e74 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d nts.------------\n+00034d70: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+00034d80: 3a20 6c73 666f 6e74 730a 2020 2020 204c : lsfonts. L\n+00034d90: 6973 7420 6c6f 6164 6564 2066 6f6e 7473 ist loaded fonts\n+00034da0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00034db0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206c 736d info, Node: lsm\n+00034dc0: 6f64 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206d 6435 7375 od, Next: md5su\n+00034dd0: 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6c73 666f 6e74 m, Prev: lsfont\n+00034de0: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d s, Up: Command-\n+00034df0: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+00034e00: 372e 342e 3436 206c 736d 6f64 0a2d 2d2d 7.4.46 lsmod.---\n+00034e10: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+00034e20: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206c 736d 6f64 0a20 Command: lsmod. \n+00034e30: 2020 2020 5368 6f77 206c 6973 7420 6f66 Show list of\n+00034e40: 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6d6f 6475 6c65 732e loaded modules.\n+00034e50: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00034e60: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6d64 3573 nfo, Node: md5s\n+00034e70: 756d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206d 6f64 756c um, Next: modul\n+00034e80: 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6c73 6d6f 642c e, Prev: lsmod,\n+00034e90: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n+00034ea0: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n+00034eb0: 342e 3437 206d 6435 7375 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 4.47 md5sum.----\n+00034ec0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+00034ed0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206d 6435 7375 6d20 Command: md5sum \n+00034ee0: 6172 6720 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 6c69 arg .... Ali\n+00034ef0: 6173 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 6861 7368 7375 as for ...hashsu\n+00034f00: 6d20 2d2d 6861 7368 206d 6435 2061 7267 m --hash md5 arg\n+00034f10: 202e 2e2e e280 992e 2020 5365 6520 636f ....... See co\n+00034f20: 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d mmand ...hashsum\n+00034f30: e280 990a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 .... (*note \n+00034f40: 6861 7368 7375 6d3a 3a29 2066 6f72 2066 hashsum::) for f\n+00034f50: 756c 6c20 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e2e ull description.\n+00034f60: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+00034f70: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6d6f 6475 nfo, Node: modu\n+00034f80: 6c65 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206d 756c 7469 le, Next: multi\n+00034f90: 626f 6f74 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206d 6435 boot, Prev: md5\n+00034fa0: 7375 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e sum, Up: Comman\n+00034fb0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n+00034fc0: 0a31 372e 342e 3438 206d 6f64 756c 650a .17.4.48 module.\n+00034fd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+00034fe0: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206d 6f64 -- Command: mod\n+00034ff0: 756c 6520 5b2d 2d6e 6f75 6e7a 6970 5d20 ule [--nounzip] \n+00035000: 6669 6c65 205b 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 735d file [arguments]\n+00035010: 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 206d 6f64 . Load a mod\n+00035020: 756c 6520 666f 7220 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f ule for multiboo\n+00035030: 7420 6b65 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 2e20 t kernel image. \n+00035040: 2054 6865 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 6865 The rest of the\n+00035050: 206c 696e 6520 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7061 line is. pa\n+00035060: 7373 6564 2076 6572 6261 7469 6d20 6173 ssed verbatim as\n+00035070: 2074 6865 206d 6f64 756c 6520 636f 6d6d the module comm\n+00035080: 616e 6420 6c69 6e65 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c and line.....Fil\n+00035090: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+000350a0: 6f64 653a 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2c20 ode: multiboot, \n+000350b0: 204e 6578 743a 206e 6174 6976 6564 6973 Next: nativedis\n+000350c0: 6b2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6d6f 6475 6c65 k, Prev: module\n+000350d0: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n+000350e0: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n+000350f0: 2e34 2e34 3920 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 740a .4.49 multiboot.\n+00035100: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00035110: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+00035120: 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 5b2d 2d71 7569 multiboot [--qui\n+00035130: 726b 2d62 6164 2d6b 6c75 6467 655d 0a20 rk-bad-kludge]. \n+00035140: 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b 2d2d 7175 6972 [--quir\n+00035150: 6b2d 6d6f 6475 6c65 732d 6166 7465 722d k-modules-after-\n+00035160: 6b65 726e 656c 5d20 6669 6c65 202e 2e2e kernel] file ...\n+00035170: 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 2061 206d 756c . Load a mul\n+00035180: 7469 626f 6f74 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d tiboot kernel im\n+00035190: 6167 6520 6672 6f6d 2046 494c 452e 2020 age from FILE. \n+000351a0: 5468 6520 7265 7374 206f 6620 7468 6520 The rest of the \n+000351b0: 6c69 6e65 2069 730a 2020 2020 2070 6173 line is. pas\n+000351c0: 7365 6420 7665 7262 6174 696d 2061 7320 sed verbatim as \n+000351d0: 7468 6520 e280 9c6b 6572 6e65 6c20 636f the ...kernel co\n+000351e0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 e280 9d2e 2020 mmand-line.... \n+000351f0: 416e 7920 6d6f 6475 6c65 206d 7573 7420 Any module must \n+00035200: 6265 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6c6f 6164 6564 be. reloaded\n+00035210: 2061 6674 6572 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6869 after using thi\n+00035220: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 s command (*note\n+00035230: 206d 6f64 756c 653a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 module::)... \n+00035240: 2020 536f 6d65 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 2068 Some kernels h\n+00035250: 6176 6520 6b6e 6f77 6e20 7072 6f62 6c65 ave known proble\n+00035260: 6d73 2e20 2059 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f ms. You need to\n+00035270: 2073 7065 6369 6679 202d 7175 6972 6b2d specify -quirk-\n+00035280: 2a20 666f 720a 2020 2020 2074 686f 7365 * for. those\n+00035290: 2e20 202d 7175 6972 6b2d 6261 642d 6b6c . -quirk-bad-kl\n+000352a0: 7564 6765 2069 7320 6120 7072 6f62 6c65 udge is a proble\n+000352b0: 6d20 7365 656e 2069 6e20 7365 7665 7261 m seen in severa\n+000352c0: 6c20 7072 6f64 7563 7473 0a20 2020 2020 l products. \n+000352d0: 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 696e 636c 7564 that they includ\n+000352e0: 6520 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 6b6c 7564 6765 e loading kludge\n+000352f0: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 information wit\n+00035300: 6820 696e 7661 6c69 6420 6461 7461 2069 h invalid data i\n+00035310: 6e0a 2020 2020 2045 4c46 2066 696c 652e n. ELF file.\n+00035320: 2020 4752 5542 2070 7269 6f72 2074 6f20 GRUB prior to \n+00035330: 302e 3937 2061 6e64 2073 6f6d 6520 6375 0.97 and some cu\n+00035340: 7374 6f6d 2062 7569 6c64 7320 7072 6566 stom builds pref\n+00035350: 6572 7265 6420 454c 460a 2020 2020 2069 erred ELF. i\n+00035360: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2077 6869 6c65 nformation while\n+00035370: 2030 2e39 3720 616e 6420 4752 5542 2032 0.97 and GRUB 2\n+00035380: 2075 7365 206b 6c75 6467 652e 2020 5573 use kludge. Us\n+00035390: 6520 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 746f e this option to\n+000353a0: 0a20 2020 2020 6967 6e6f 7265 206b 6c75 . ignore klu\n+000353b0: 6467 652e 2020 4b6e 6f77 6e20 6166 6665 dge. Known affe\n+000353c0: 6374 6564 2073 7973 7465 6d73 3a20 6f6c cted systems: ol\n+000353d0: 6420 536f 6c61 7269 732c 2053 6b79 4f53 d Solaris, SkyOS\n+000353e0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2d71 7569 726b 2d6d ... -quirk-m\n+000353f0: 6f64 756c 6573 2d61 6674 6572 2d6b 6572 odules-after-ker\n+00035400: 6e65 6c20 6973 206e 6565 6465 6420 666f nel is needed fo\n+00035410: 7220 6b65 726e 656c 7320 7768 6963 6820 r kernels which \n+00035420: 6c6f 6164 2061 740a 2020 2020 2072 656c load at. rel\n+00035430: 6174 6976 656c 7920 6869 6768 2061 6464 atively high add\n+00035440: 7265 7373 2065 2e67 2e20 2031 364d 6942 ress e.g. 16MiB\n+00035450: 206d 6172 6b20 616e 6420 6361 6e27 7420 mark and can't \n+00035460: 636f 7065 2077 6974 680a 2020 2020 206d cope with. m\n+00035470: 6f64 756c 6573 2073 7475 6666 6564 2062 odules stuffed b\n+00035480: 6574 7765 656e 2031 4d69 4220 6d61 726b etween 1MiB mark\n+00035490: 2061 6e64 2062 6567 696e 6e69 6e67 206f and beginning o\n+000354a0: 6620 7468 6520 6b65 726e 656c 2e0a 2020 f the kernel.. \n+000354b0: 2020 204b 6e6f 776e 2061 6666 7465 6374 Known afftect\n+000354c0: 6564 2073 7973 7465 6d73 3a20 564d 5761 ed systems: VMWa\n+000354d0: 7265 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 re.....File: gru\n+000354e0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n+000354f0: 6174 6976 6564 6973 6b2c 2020 4e65 7874 ativedisk, Next\n+00035500: 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 2050 7265 763a : normal, Prev:\n+00035510: 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2c20 2055 703a multiboot, Up:\n+00035520: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+00035530: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3020 mmands..17.4.50 \n+00035540: 6e61 7469 7665 6469 736b 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d nativedisk.-----\n+00035550: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n+00035560: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e61 7469 -- Command: nati\n+00035570: 7665 6469 736b 0a20 2020 2020 5377 6974 vedisk. Swit\n+00035580: 6368 2066 726f 6d20 6669 726d 7761 7265 ch from firmware\n+00035590: 2064 6973 6b20 6472 6976 6572 7320 746f disk drivers to\n+000355a0: 206e 6174 6976 6520 6f6e 6573 2e20 2052 native ones. R\n+000355b0: 6561 6c6c 7920 7573 6566 756c 0a20 2020 eally useful. \n+000355c0: 2020 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e20 706c 6174 666f only on platfo\n+000355d0: 726d 7320 7768 6572 6520 626f 7468 2066 rms where both f\n+000355e0: 6972 6d77 6172 6520 616e 6420 6e61 7469 irmware and nati\n+000355f0: 7665 2064 6973 6b20 6472 6976 6573 2061 ve disk drives a\n+00035600: 7265 0a20 2020 2020 6176 6169 6c61 626c re. availabl\n+00035610: 652e 2020 4375 7272 656e 746c 7920 6933 e. Currently i3\n+00035620: 3836 2d70 632c 2069 3338 362d 6566 692c 86-pc, i386-efi,\n+00035630: 2069 3338 362d 6965 6565 3132 3735 2061 i386-ieee1275 a\n+00035640: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7838 365f 3634 2d65 nd. x86_64-e\n+00035650: 6669 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 fi.....File: gru\n+00035660: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n+00035670: 6f72 6d61 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e6f ormal, Next: no\n+00035680: 726d 616c 5f65 7869 742c 2020 5072 6576 rmal_exit, Prev\n+00035690: 3a20 6e61 7469 7665 6469 736b 2c20 2055 : nativedisk, U\n+000356a0: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n+000356b0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 commands..17.4.5\n+000356c0: 3120 6e6f 726d 616c 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 1 normal.-------\n+000356d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+000356e0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c 205b 6669 mand: normal [fi\n+000356f0: 6c65 5d0a 2020 2020 2045 6e74 6572 206e le]. Enter n\n+00035700: 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 2061 6e64 2064 ormal mode and d\n+00035710: 6973 706c 6179 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 isplay the GRUB \n+00035720: 6d65 6e75 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 496e 206e menu... In n\n+00035730: 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 2c20 636f 6d6d ormal mode, comm\n+00035740: 616e 6473 2c20 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d ands, filesystem\n+00035750: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2c20 616e 6420 6372 modules, and cr\n+00035760: 7970 746f 6772 6170 6879 0a20 2020 2020 yptography. \n+00035770: 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 6172 6520 6175 746f modules are auto\n+00035780: 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 6c6f 6164 6564 matically loaded\n+00035790: 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 6675 6c6c 2047 , and the full G\n+000357a0: 5255 4220 7363 7269 7074 2070 6172 7365 RUB script parse\n+000357b0: 720a 2020 2020 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 r. is availa\n+000357c0: 626c 652e 2020 4f74 6865 7220 6d6f 6475 ble. Other modu\n+000357d0: 6c65 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2065 7870 6c69 les may be expli\n+000357e0: 6369 746c 7920 6c6f 6164 6564 2075 7369 citly loaded usi\n+000357f0: 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9869 6e73 6d6f ng. ...insmo\n+00035800: 64e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 696e 736d d... (*note insm\n+00035810: 6f64 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 od::)... If \n+00035820: 6120 4649 4c45 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c a FILE is given,\n+00035830: 2074 6865 6e20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2077 then commands w\n+00035840: 696c 6c20 6265 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d ill be read from\n+00035850: 2074 6861 7420 6669 6c65 2e0a 2020 2020 that file.. \n+00035860: 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c20 7468 6579 Otherwise, they\n+00035870: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2072 6561 6420 6672 will be read fr\n+00035880: 6f6d 20e2 8098 2470 7265 6669 782f 6772 om ...$prefix/gr\n+00035890: 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 6966 2069 7420 ub.cfg... if it \n+000358a0: 6578 6973 7473 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 exists... ..\n+000358b0: 986e 6f72 6d61 6ce2 8099 206d 6179 2062 .normal... may b\n+000358c0: 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 2066 726f 6d20 7769 e called from wi\n+000358d0: 7468 696e 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f 6465 thin normal mode\n+000358e0: 2c20 6372 6561 7469 6e67 2061 206e 6573 , creating a nes\n+000358f0: 7465 640a 2020 2020 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e ted. environ\n+00035900: 6d65 6e74 2e20 2049 7420 6973 206d 6f72 ment. It is mor\n+00035910: 6520 7573 7561 6c20 746f 2075 7365 20e2 e usual to use .\n+00035920: 8098 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 e280 9920 ..configfile... \n+00035930: 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 (*note. conf\n+00035940: 6967 6669 6c65 3a3a 2920 666f 7220 7468 igfile::) for th\n+00035950: 6973 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 is.....File: gru\n+00035960: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n+00035970: 6f72 6d61 6c5f 6578 6974 2c20 204e 6578 ormal_exit, Nex\n+00035980: 743a 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 6c2c 2020 5072 t: parttool, Pr\n+00035990: 6576 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c 2c20 2055 703a ev: normal, Up:\n+000359a0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+000359b0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3220 mmands..17.4.52 \n+000359c0: 6e6f 726d 616c 5f65 7869 740a 2d2d 2d2d normal_exit.----\n+000359d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+000359e0: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e6f . -- Command: no\n+000359f0: 726d 616c 5f65 7869 740a 2020 2020 2045 rmal_exit. E\n+00035a00: 7869 7420 6e6f 726d 616c 206d 6f64 6520 xit normal mode \n+00035a10: 282a 6e6f 7465 206e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a29 (*note normal::)\n+00035a20: 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6973 2069 6e73 7461 . If this insta\n+00035a30: 6e63 6520 6f66 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 6d6f nce of normal mo\n+00035a40: 6465 0a20 2020 2020 7761 7320 6e6f 7420 de. was not \n+00035a50: 6e65 7374 6564 2077 6974 6869 6e20 616e nested within an\n+00035a60: 6f74 6865 7220 6f6e 652c 2074 6865 6e20 other one, then \n+00035a70: 7265 7475 726e 2074 6f20 7265 7363 7565 return to rescue\n+00035a80: 206d 6f64 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 mode.....File: \n+00035a90: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00035aa0: 3a20 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2c20 204e 6578 : parttool, Nex\n+00035ab0: 743a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 642c 2020 5072 t: password, Pr\n+00035ac0: 6576 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c 5f65 7869 742c ev: normal_exit,\n+00035ad0: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 Up: Command-li\n+00035ae0: 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e ne commands..17.\n+00035af0: 342e 3533 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 6c0a 2d2d 4.53 parttool.--\n+00035b00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+00035b10: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2070 6172 -- Command: par\n+00035b20: 7474 6f6f 6c20 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 ttool partition \n+00035b30: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a20 2020 2020 4d61 commands. Ma\n+00035b40: 6b65 2076 6172 696f 7573 206d 6f64 6966 ke various modif\n+00035b50: 6963 6174 696f 6e73 2074 6f20 7061 7274 ications to part\n+00035b60: 6974 696f 6e20 7461 626c 6520 656e 7472 ition table entr\n+00035b70: 6965 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2045 6163 6820 ies... Each \n+00035b80: 434f 4d4d 414e 4420 6973 2065 6974 6865 COMMAND is eithe\n+00035b90: 7220 6120 626f 6f6c 6561 6e20 6f70 7469 r a boolean opti\n+00035ba0: 6f6e 2c20 696e 2077 6869 6368 2063 6173 on, in which cas\n+00035bb0: 6520 6974 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a20 2020 e it must be. \n+00035bc0: 2020 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2077 6974 6820 followed with \n+00035bd0: e280 982b e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 2de2 ...+... or ...-.\n+00035be0: 8099 2028 7769 7468 206e 6f20 696e 7465 .. (with no inte\n+00035bf0: 7276 656e 696e 6720 7370 6163 6529 2074 rvening space) t\n+00035c00: 6f20 656e 6162 6c65 206f 720a 2020 2020 o enable or. \n+00035c10: 2064 6973 6162 6c65 2074 6861 7420 6f70 disable that op\n+00035c20: 7469 6f6e 2c20 6f72 2065 6c73 6520 6974 tion, or else it\n+00035c30: 2074 616b 6573 2061 2076 616c 7565 2069 takes a value i\n+00035c40: 6e20 7468 6520 666f 726d 0a20 2020 2020 n the form. \n+00035c50: e280 9843 4f4d 4d41 4e44 3d56 414c 5545 ...COMMAND=VALUE\n+00035c60: e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2020 2043 7572 7265 ...... Curre\n+00035c70: 6e74 6c79 2c20 e280 9870 6172 7474 6f6f ntly, ...parttoo\n+00035c80: 6ce2 8099 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 l... is only use\n+00035c90: 6675 6c20 6f6e 2044 4f53 2070 6172 7469 ful on DOS parti\n+00035ca0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 7320 2861 6c73 tion tables (als\n+00035cb0: 6f0a 2020 2020 206b 6e6f 776e 2061 7320 o. known as \n+00035cc0: 4d61 7374 6572 2042 6f6f 7420 5265 636f Master Boot Reco\n+00035cd0: 7264 2c20 6f72 204d 4252 292e 204f 6e20 rd, or MBR). On \n+00035ce0: 7468 6573 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 these partition \n+00035cf0: 7461 626c 6573 2c0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 tables,. the\n+00035d00: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 following comma\n+00035d10: 6e64 7320 6172 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c nds are availabl\n+00035d20: 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 626f 6f74 e:.. ...boot\n+00035d30: e280 9920 2862 6f6f 6c65 616e 290a 2020 ... (boolean). \n+00035d40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5768 656e 2065 6e61 When ena\n+00035d50: 626c 6564 2c20 7468 6973 206d 616b 6573 bled, this makes\n+00035d60: 2074 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 7061 the selected pa\n+00035d70: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 6265 2074 6865 2061 rtition be the a\n+00035d80: 6374 6976 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ctive. \n+00035d90: 2862 6f6f 7461 626c 6529 2070 6172 7469 (bootable) parti\n+00035da0: 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 6974 7320 6469 736b tion on its disk\n+00035db0: 2c20 636c 6561 7269 6e67 2074 6865 2061 , clearing the a\n+00035dc0: 6374 6976 6520 666c 6167 206f 6e0a 2020 ctive flag on. \n+00035dd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 616c 6c20 6f74 6865 all othe\n+00035de0: 7220 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e73 2e20 2054 r partitions. T\n+00035df0: 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206c his command is l\n+00035e00: 696d 6974 6564 2074 6f20 5f70 7269 6d61 imited to _prima\n+00035e10: 7279 5f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 ry_. pa\n+00035e20: 7274 6974 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 rtitions... \n+00035e30: e280 9874 7970 65e2 8099 2028 7661 6c75 ...type... (valu\n+00035e40: 6529 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 6861 e). Cha\n+00035e50: 6e67 6520 7468 6520 7479 7065 206f 6620 nge the type of \n+00035e60: 616e 2065 7869 7374 696e 6720 7061 7274 an existing part\n+00035e70: 6974 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 6520 7661 6c75 ition. The valu\n+00035e80: 6520 6d75 7374 2062 6520 610a 2020 2020 e must be a. \n+00035e90: 2020 2020 2020 6e75 6d62 6572 2069 6e20 number in \n+00035ea0: 7468 6520 7261 6e67 6520 302d 3078 4646 the range 0-0xFF\n+00035eb0: 2028 7072 6566 6978 2077 6974 6820 e280 (prefix with ..\n+00035ec0: 9830 78e2 8099 2074 6f20 656e 7465 7220 .0x... to enter \n+00035ed0: 6974 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 it in. \n+00035ee0: 6865 7861 6465 6369 6d61 6c29 2e0a 0a20 hexadecimal)... \n+00035ef0: 2020 2020 e280 9868 6964 6465 6ee2 8099 ...hidden...\n+00035f00: 2028 626f 6f6c 6561 6e29 0a20 2020 2020 (boolean). \n+00035f10: 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 656e 6162 6c65 When enable\n+00035f20: 642c 2074 6869 7320 6869 6465 7320 7468 d, this hides th\n+00035f30: 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2070 6172 7469 e selected parti\n+00035f40: 7469 6f6e 2062 7920 7365 7474 696e 6720 tion by setting \n+00035f50: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 the. ..\n+00035f60: 9c68 6964 6465 6ee2 809d 2062 6974 2069 .hidden... bit i\n+00035f70: 6e20 6974 7320 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 n its partition \n+00035f80: 7479 7065 2063 6f64 653b 2077 6865 6e20 type code; when \n+00035f90: 6469 7361 626c 6564 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 disabled,. \n+00035fa0: 2020 2020 756e 6869 6465 7320 7468 6520 unhides the \n+00035fb0: 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2070 6172 7469 7469 selected partiti\n+00035fc0: 6f6e 2062 7920 636c 6561 7269 6e67 2074 on by clearing t\n+00035fd0: 6869 7320 6269 742e 2020 5468 6973 2069 his bit. This i\n+00035fe0: 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7573 6566 s. usef\n+00035ff0: 756c 206f 6e6c 7920 7768 656e 2062 6f6f ul only when boo\n+00036000: 7469 6e67 2044 4f53 206f 7220 5769 6e64 ting DOS or Wind\n+00036010: 6f77 7320 616e 6420 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 ows and multiple\n+00036020: 2070 7269 6d61 7279 0a20 2020 2020 2020 primary. \n+00036030: 2020 2046 4154 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e FAT partition\n+00036040: 7320 6578 6973 7420 696e 206f 6e65 2064 s exist in one d\n+00036050: 6973 6b2e 2020 5365 6520 616c 736f 202a isk. See also *\n+00036060: 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 note. D\n+00036070: 4f53 2f57 696e 646f 7773 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f OS/Windows::....\n+00036080: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00036090: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 , Node: passwor\n+000360a0: 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7061 7373 776f d, Next: passwo\n+000360b0: 7264 5f70 626b 6466 322c 2020 5072 6576 rd_pbkdf2, Prev\n+000360c0: 3a20 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2c20 2055 703a : parttool, Up:\n+000360d0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+000360e0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3420 mmands..17.4.54 \n+000360f0: 7061 7373 776f 7264 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d password.-------\n+00036100: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+00036110: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 ommand: password\n+00036120: 2075 7365 7220 636c 6561 722d 7061 7373 user clear-pass\n+00036130: 776f 7264 0a20 2020 2020 4465 6669 6e65 word. Define\n+00036140: 2061 2075 7365 7220 6e61 6d65 6420 5553 a user named US\n+00036150: 4552 2077 6974 6820 7061 7373 776f 7264 ER with password\n+00036160: 2043 4c45 4152 2d50 4153 5357 4f52 442e CLEAR-PASSWORD.\n+00036170: 2020 2a4e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2053 6563 *Note. Sec\n+00036180: 7572 6974 793a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 urity::.....File\n+00036190: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+000361a0: 6465 3a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b de: password_pbk\n+000361b0: 6466 322c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 706c 6169 df2, Next: plai\n+000361c0: 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2070 nmount, Prev: p\n+000361d0: 6173 7377 6f72 642c 2020 5570 3a20 436f assword, Up: Co\n+000361e0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+000361f0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3535 2070 6173 nds..17.4.55 pas\n+00036200: 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 6632 0a2d 2d2d sword_pbkdf2.---\n 00036210: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00036220: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2070 .. -- Command: p\n-00036230: 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 6632 2075 assword_pbkdf2 u\n-00036240: 7365 7220 6861 7368 6564 2d70 6173 7377 ser hashed-passw\n-00036250: 6f72 640a 2020 2020 2044 6566 696e 6520 ord. Define \n-00036260: 6120 7573 6572 206e 616d 6564 2055 5345 a user named USE\n-00036270: 5220 7769 7468 2070 6173 7377 6f72 6420 R with password \n-00036280: 6861 7368 2048 4153 4845 442d 5041 5353 hash HASHED-PASS\n-00036290: 574f 5244 2e20 2055 7365 0a20 2020 2020 WORD. Use. \n-000362a0: e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 ...grub-mkpasswd\n-000362b0: 2d70 626b 6466 32e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 -pbkdf2... (*not\n-000362c0: 6520 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d e Invoking grub-\n-000362d0: 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 323a mkpasswd-pbkdf2:\n-000362e0: 3a29 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2067 656e 6572 :) to. gener\n-000362f0: 6174 6520 7061 7373 776f 7264 2068 6173 ate password has\n-00036300: 6865 732e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 hes. *Note Secu\n-00036310: 7269 7479 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a rity::.....File:\n-00036320: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-00036330: 653a 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 e: plainmount, \n-00036340: 4e65 7874 3a20 706c 6179 2c20 2050 7265 Next: play, Pre\n-00036350: 763a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 v: password_pbkd\n-00036360: 6632 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 f2, Up: Command\n-00036370: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-00036380: 3137 2e34 2e35 3620 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 17.4.56 plainmou\n-00036390: 6e74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d nt.-------------\n-000363a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-000363b0: 6e64 3a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2064 nd: plainmount d\n-000363c0: 6576 6963 6520 2d63 2063 6970 6865 7220 evice -c cipher \n-000363d0: 2d73 206b 6579 2073 697a 6520 5b2d 6820 -s key size [-h \n-000363e0: 6861 7368 5d0a 2020 2020 205b e280 982d hash]. [...-\n-000363f0: 53e2 8099 2073 6563 746f 7220 7369 7a65 S... sector size\n-00036400: 5d20 5be2 8098 2d70 e280 9920 7061 7373 ] [...-p... pass\n-00036410: 776f 7264 5d20 5be2 8098 2d75 e280 9920 word] [...-u... \n-00036420: 7575 6964 5d20 5b5b e280 982d 64e2 8099 uuid] [[...-d...\n-00036430: 206b 6579 6669 6c65 5d0a 2020 2020 205b keyfile]. [\n-00036440: e280 982d 4fe2 8099 206b 6579 6669 6c65 ...-O... keyfile\n-00036450: 206f 6666 7365 745d 5d0a 0a20 2020 2020 offset]].. \n-00036460: 5365 7475 7020 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f20 Setup access to \n-00036470: 7468 6520 656e 6372 7970 7465 6420 6465 the encrypted de\n-00036480: 7669 6365 2069 6e20 706c 6169 6e20 6d6f vice in plain mo\n-00036490: 6465 2e20 204f 6666 7365 7420 6f66 2074 de. Offset of t\n-000364a0: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 656e 6372 7970 7465 he. encrypte\n-000364b0: 6420 6461 7461 2061 7420 7468 6520 6465 d data at the de\n-000364c0: 7669 6365 2069 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 vice is specifie\n-000364d0: 6420 696e 2074 6572 6d73 206f 6620 3531 d in terms of 51\n-000364e0: 3220 6279 7465 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6374 2 byte. sect\n-000364f0: 6f72 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 626c ors using the bl\n-00036500: 6f63 6b6c 6973 7420 7379 6e74 6178 2061 ocklist syntax a\n-00036510: 6e64 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 6465 7669 nd loopback devi\n-00036520: 6365 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 666f ce. The. fo\n-00036530: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6578 616d 706c 6520 llowing example \n-00036540: 7368 6f77 7320 686f 7720 746f 2073 7065 shows how to spe\n-00036550: 6369 6679 2031 4d69 4220 6f66 6673 6574 cify 1MiB offset\n-00036560: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f6f :.. loo\n-00036570: 7062 6163 6b20 6e6f 6465 2028 6864 302c pback node (hd0,\n-00036580: 6770 7431 2932 3034 382b 0a20 2020 2020 gpt1)2048+. \n-00036590: 2020 2020 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 7420 plainmount \n-000365a0: 6e6f 6465 202e 2e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 node ..... T\n-000365b0: 6865 20e2 8098 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 he ...plainmount\n-000365c0: e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6361 6e20 ... command can \n-000365d0: 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f 206f 7065 6e20 be used to open \n-000365e0: 4c55 4b53 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2076 LUKS encrypted v\n-000365f0: 6f6c 756d 650a 2020 2020 2069 6620 6974 olume. if it\n-00036600: 7320 6d61 7374 6572 206b 6579 2061 6e64 s master key and\n-00036610: 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 286b 6579 parameters (key\n-00036620: 2073 697a 652c 2063 6970 6865 722c 206f size, cipher, o\n-00036630: 6666 7365 742c 2065 7463 290a 2020 2020 ffset, etc). \n-00036640: 2061 7265 206b 6e6f 776e 2e0a 0a20 2020 are known... \n-00036650: 2020 5468 6572 6520 6172 6520 7477 6f20 There are two \n-00036660: 7761 7973 2074 6f20 7370 6563 6966 7920 ways to specify \n-00036670: 6120 7061 7373 776f 7264 3a20 6120 6b65 a password: a ke\n-00036680: 7966 696c 6520 616e 6420 6120 7365 6372 yfile and a secr\n-00036690: 6574 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7373 7068 7261 et. passphra\n-000366a0: 7365 2e20 2054 6865 206b 6579 6669 6c65 se. The keyfile\n-000366b0: 2070 6174 6820 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7220 path parameter \n-000366c0: 6861 7320 6869 6768 6572 2070 7269 6f72 has higher prior\n-000366d0: 6974 7920 7468 616e 0a20 2020 2020 7468 ity than. th\n-000366e0: 6520 7365 6372 6574 2070 6173 7370 6872 e secret passphr\n-000366f0: 6173 6520 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7220 616e ase parameter an\n-00036700: 6420 6973 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2077 d is specified w\n-00036710: 6974 6820 7468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 0a20 ith the option. \n-00036720: 2020 2020 e280 982d 64e2 8099 2e20 2050 ...-d.... P\n-00036730: 6173 7377 6f72 6420 6461 7461 206f 6274 assword data obt\n-00036740: 6169 6e65 6420 6672 6f6d 206b 6579 6669 ained from keyfi\n-00036750: 6c65 7320 6973 206e 6f74 2068 6173 6865 les is not hashe\n-00036760: 6420 616e 6420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7573 d and is. us\n-00036770: 6564 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 6173 2061 ed directly as a\n-00036780: 2063 6970 6865 7220 6b65 792e 2020 416e cipher key. An\n-00036790: 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c20 6f66 6673 6574 optional offset\n-000367a0: 206f 6620 7061 7373 776f 7264 2064 6174 of password dat\n-000367b0: 610a 2020 2020 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6b65 a. in the ke\n-000367c0: 7966 696c 6520 6361 6e20 6265 2073 7065 yfile can be spe\n-000367d0: 6369 6669 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 cified with the \n-000367e0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d4f e280 9920 option ...-O... \n-000367f0: 6f72 2064 6972 6563 746c 790a 2020 2020 or directly. \n-00036800: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e with the option\n-00036810: 20e2 8098 2d64 e280 9920 616e 6420 4752 ...-d... and GR\n-00036820: 5542 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 2073 796e UB blocklist syn\n-00036830: 7461 782c 2069 6620 7468 6520 6b65 7966 tax, if the keyf\n-00036840: 696c 6520 6461 7461 0a20 2020 2020 6361 ile data. ca\n-00036850: 6e20 6265 2061 6363 6573 7365 6420 6672 n be accessed fr\n-00036860: 6f6d 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 616e 6420 om a device and \n-00036870: 6973 2035 3132 2062 7974 6520 616c 6967 is 512 byte alig\n-00036880: 6e65 642e 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 2066 ned. The. f\n-00036890: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 ollowing example\n-000368a0: 2073 686f 7773 2062 6f74 6820 6d65 7468 shows both meth\n-000368b0: 6f64 7320 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2070 ods to specify p\n-000368c0: 6173 7377 6f72 6420 6461 7461 2069 6e0a assword data in.\n-000368d0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 206b 6579 6669 6c65 the keyfile\n-000368e0: 2061 7420 6f66 6673 6574 2031 4d69 423a at offset 1MiB:\n-000368f0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 706c 6169 .. plai\n-00036900: 6e6d 6f75 6e74 202d 6420 2868 6430 2c67 nmount -d (hd0,g\n-00036910: 7074 3129 3230 3438 2b20 2e2e 2e0a 2020 pt1)2048+ .... \n-00036920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 plainmou\n-00036930: 6e74 202d 6420 2868 6430 2c67 7074 3129 nt -d (hd0,gpt1)\n-00036940: 2b20 2d4f 2031 3034 3835 3736 202e 2e2e + -O 1048576 ...\n-00036950: 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6e6f 206b 6579 .. If no key\n-00036960: 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 file is specifie\n-00036970: 6420 7468 656e 2074 6865 2070 6173 7377 d then the passw\n-00036980: 6f72 6420 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 7468 ord is set to th\n-00036990: 6520 7374 7269 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 7370 e string. sp\n-000369a0: 6563 6966 6965 6420 6279 206f 7074 696f ecified by optio\n-000369b0: 6e20 e280 982d 70e2 8099 206f 7220 6973 n ...-p... or is\n-000369c0: 2072 6571 7565 7374 6564 2069 6e74 6572 requested inter\n-000369d0: 6163 7469 7665 6c79 2066 726f 6d20 7468 actively from th\n-000369e0: 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2e20 e. console. \n-000369f0: 2049 6e20 626f 7468 2063 6173 6573 2074 In both cases t\n-00036a00: 6865 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 7061 7373 he provided pass\n-00036a10: 776f 7264 2069 7320 6861 7368 6564 2077 word is hashed w\n-00036a20: 6974 6820 7468 650a 2020 2020 2061 6c67 ith the. alg\n-00036a30: 6f72 6974 686d 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 orithm specified\n-00036a40: 2062 7920 7468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 by the option .\n-00036a50: 8098 2d68 e280 992e 2020 5468 6973 206f ..-h.... This o\n-00036a60: 7074 696f 6e20 6973 206d 616e 6461 746f ption is mandato\n-00036a70: 7279 0a20 2020 2020 6966 206e 6f20 6b65 ry. if no ke\n-00036a80: 7966 696c 6520 6973 2073 7065 6369 6669 yfile is specifi\n-00036a90: 6564 2c20 6275 7420 6974 2063 616e 2062 ed, but it can b\n-00036aa0: 6520 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 706c 6169 e set to ...plai\n-00036ab0: 6ee2 8099 2077 6869 6368 0a20 2020 2020 n... which. \n-00036ac0: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 206e 6f20 6861 means that no ha\n-00036ad0: 7368 696e 6720 6973 2064 6f6e 6520 616e shing is done an\n-00036ae0: 6420 7375 6368 2070 6173 7377 6f72 6420 d such password \n-00036af0: 6973 2075 7365 6420 6469 7265 6374 6c79 is used directly\n-00036b00: 2061 730a 2020 2020 2061 206b 6579 2e0a as. a key..\n-00036b10: 0a20 2020 2020 4369 7068 6572 20e2 8098 . Cipher ...\n-00036b20: 2d63 e280 9920 616e 6420 6b65 7973 697a -c... and keysiz\n-00036b30: 6520 e280 982d 73e2 8099 206f 7074 696f e ...-s... optio\n-00036b40: 6e73 2073 7065 6369 6679 2074 6865 2063 ns specify the c\n-00036b50: 6970 6865 7220 616c 676f 7269 7468 6d0a ipher algorithm.\n-00036b60: 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2074 6865 206b 6579 and the key\n-00036b70: 2073 697a 6520 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 size respective\n-00036b80: 6c79 2061 6e64 2061 7265 206d 616e 6461 ly and are manda\n-00036b90: 746f 7279 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2e20 2043 tory options. C\n-00036ba0: 6970 6865 720a 2020 2020 206d 7573 7420 ipher. must \n-00036bb0: 6265 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2077 6974 be specified wit\n-00036bc0: 6820 7468 6520 6d6f 6465 2073 6570 6172 h the mode separ\n-00036bd0: 6174 6564 2062 7920 6120 6461 7368 2028 ated by a dash (\n-00036be0: 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 0a20 2020 for example,. \n-00036bf0: 2020 e280 9861 6573 2d78 7473 2d70 6c61 ...aes-xts-pla\n-00036c00: 696e 3634 e280 9929 2e20 204b 6579 2073 in64...). Key s\n-00036c10: 697a 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d73 ize option ...-s\n-00036c20: e280 9920 6973 2074 6865 206b 6579 2073 ... is the key s\n-00036c30: 697a 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ize of the. \n-00036c40: 6369 7068 6572 2069 6e20 6269 7473 2c20 cipher in bits, \n-00036c50: 6e6f 7420 746f 2062 6520 636f 6e66 7573 not to be confus\n-00036c60: 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6f66 6673 ed with the offs\n-00036c70: 6574 206f 6620 7468 6520 6b65 7920 6461 et of the key da\n-00036c80: 7461 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2061 206b 6579 ta. in a key\n-00036c90: 6669 6c65 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2077 file specified w\n-00036ca0: 6974 6820 7468 6520 e280 982d 4fe2 8099 ith the ...-O...\n-00036cb0: 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 2020 4974 206d 7573 option. It mus\n-00036cc0: 7420 6e6f 7420 6578 6365 6564 0a20 2020 t not exceed. \n-00036cd0: 2020 3130 3234 2062 6974 732c 2073 6f20 1024 bits, so \n-00036ce0: 6120 3332 2062 7974 6520 6b65 7920 776f a 32 byte key wo\n-00036cf0: 756c 6420 6265 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 uld be specified\n-00036d00: 2061 7320 3235 3620 6269 7473 0a0a 2020 as 256 bits.. \n-00036d10: 2020 2054 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c20 The optional \n-00036d20: 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7220 e280 982d 53e2 parameter ...-S.\n-00036d30: 8099 2073 7065 6369 6669 6573 2065 6e63 .. specifies enc\n-00036d40: 7279 7074 6564 2064 6576 6963 6520 7365 rypted device se\n-00036d50: 6374 6f72 2073 697a 652e 0a20 2020 2020 ctor size.. \n-00036d60: 4974 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 7420 6c65 It must be at le\n-00036d70: 6173 7420 3531 3220 6279 7465 7320 6c6f ast 512 bytes lo\n-00036d80: 6e67 2028 6465 6661 756c 7420 7661 6c75 ng (default valu\n-00036d90: 6529 2061 6e64 2061 2070 6f77 6572 206f e) and a power o\n-00036da0: 660a 2020 2020 2032 2e20 2028 3129 2020 f. 2. (1) \n-00036db0: 282a 6e6f 7465 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e (*note plainmoun\n-00036dc0: 742d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 3a3a 292e t-Footnote-1::).\n-00036dd0: 2020 4469 736b 2073 6563 746f 7220 7369 Disk sector si\n-00036de0: 7a65 2069 730a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 ze is. confi\n-00036df0: 6775 7265 6420 7768 656e 2063 7265 6174 gured when creat\n-00036e00: 696e 6720 7468 6520 656e 6372 7970 7465 ing the encrypte\n-00036e10: 6420 766f 6c75 6d65 2e20 2041 7474 656d d volume. Attem\n-00036e20: 7074 696e 6720 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6465 pting to. de\n-00036e30: 6372 7970 7420 766f 6c75 6d65 7320 7769 crypt volumes wi\n-00036e40: 7468 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2073 th a different s\n-00036e50: 6563 746f 7220 7369 7a65 2074 6861 6e20 ector size than \n-00036e60: 6974 2077 6173 2063 7265 6174 6564 0a20 it was created. \n-00036e70: 2020 2020 7769 7468 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f with will no\n-00036e80: 7420 7265 7375 6c74 2069 6e20 616e 2065 t result in an e\n-00036e90: 7272 6f72 2c20 6275 7420 7769 6c6c 2064 rror, but will d\n-00036ea0: 6563 7279 7074 2074 6f20 7261 6e64 6f6d ecrypt to random\n-00036eb0: 2062 7974 6573 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 bytes. and \n-00036ec0: 7468 7573 2070 7265 7665 6e74 2061 6363 thus prevent acc\n-00036ed0: 6573 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2076 6f6c 756d essing the volum\n-00036ee0: 6520 2869 6e20 736f 6d65 2063 6173 6573 e (in some cases\n-00036ef0: 2074 6865 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d0a the filesystem.\n-00036f00: 2020 2020 2064 7269 7665 7220 6361 6e20 driver can \n-00036f10: 6465 7465 6374 2074 6865 2070 7265 7365 detect the prese\n-00036f20: 6e63 6520 6f66 2061 2066 696c 6573 7973 nce of a filesys\n-00036f30: 7465 6d2c 2062 7574 206e 6576 6572 7468 tem, but neverth\n-00036f40: 656c 6573 730a 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 eless. will \n-00036f50: 7265 6675 7365 2074 6f20 6d6f 756e 7420 refuse to mount \n-00036f60: 6974 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2042 7920 6465 it)... By de\n-00036f70: 6661 756c 7420 6e65 7720 706c 6169 6e6d fault new plainm\n-00036f80: 6f75 6e74 2064 6576 6963 6573 2077 696c ount devices wil\n-00036f90: 6c20 6265 2067 6976 656e 2061 2055 5549 l be given a UUI\n-00036fa0: 4420 7374 6172 7469 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 D starting. \n-00036fb0: 7769 7468 2027 3130 3966 6561 3834 2d61 with '109fea84-a\n-00036fc0: 3662 372d 3334 6138 2d34 6264 312d 3163 6b7-34a8-4bd1-1c\n-00036fd0: 3530 3633 3035 6134 3031 2720 7768 6572 506305a401' wher\n-00036fe0: 6520 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2064 6967 6974 e the last digit\n-00036ff0: 730a 2020 2020 2061 7265 2069 6e63 7265 s. are incre\n-00037000: 6d65 6e74 6564 2062 7920 6f6e 6520 666f mented by one fo\n-00037010: 7220 6561 6368 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e r each plainmoun\n-00037020: 7465 6420 6465 7669 6365 2062 6579 6f6e ted device beyon\n-00037030: 6420 7468 650a 2020 2020 2066 6972 7374 d the. first\n-00037040: 2075 7020 746f 2032 5e31 3020 6465 7669 up to 2^10 devi\n-00037050: 6365 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 6c6c 2065 ces... All e\n-00037060: 6e63 7279 7074 696f 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 ncryption argume\n-00037070: 6e74 7320 2863 6970 6865 722c 2068 6173 nts (cipher, has\n-00037080: 682c 206b 6579 2073 697a 652c 2064 6973 h, key size, dis\n-00037090: 6b20 6f66 6673 6574 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 k offset and. \n-000370a0: 2020 6469 736b 2073 6563 746f 7220 7369 disk sector si\n-000370b0: 7a65 2920 6d75 7374 206d 6174 6368 2074 ze) must match t\n-000370c0: 6865 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 7573 he parameters us\n-000370d0: 6564 2074 6f20 6372 6561 7465 2074 6865 ed to create the\n-000370e0: 0a20 2020 2020 766f 6c75 6d65 2e20 2049 . volume. I\n-000370f0: 6620 616e 7920 6f66 2074 6865 6d20 646f f any of them do\n-00037100: 6573 206e 6f74 206d 6174 6368 2074 6865 es not match the\n-00037110: 2061 6374 7561 6c20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 actual argument\n-00037120: 7320 7573 6564 0a20 2020 2020 6475 7269 s used. duri\n-00037130: 6e67 2074 6865 2069 6e69 7469 616c 2065 ng the initial e\n-00037140: 6e63 7279 7074 696f 6e2c 2070 6c61 696e ncryption, plain\n-00037150: 6d6f 756e 7420 7769 6c6c 2063 7265 6174 mount will creat\n-00037160: 6520 7669 7274 7561 6c0a 2020 2020 2064 e virtual. d\n-00037170: 6576 6963 6520 7769 7468 2074 6865 2067 evice with the g\n-00037180: 6172 6261 6765 2064 6174 6120 616e 6420 arbage data and \n-00037190: 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 7265 706f 7274 GRUB will report\n-000371a0: 2075 6e6b 6e6f 776e 0a20 2020 2020 6669 unknown. fi\n-000371b0: 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2066 6f72 2073 7563 lesystem for suc\n-000371c0: 6820 6465 7669 6365 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c h device.....Fil\n-000371d0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-000371e0: 6f64 653a 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 742d ode: plainmount-\n-000371f0: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 732c 2020 5570 3a20 Footnotes, Up: \n-00037200: 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 0a0a 2020 2028 plainmount.. (\n-00037210: 3129 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2069 6d70 6c65 1) Current imple\n-00037220: 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2063 7279 mentation of cry\n-00037230: 7074 7365 7475 7020 7375 7070 6f72 7473 ptsetup supports\n-00037240: 206f 6e6c 790a 3531 322f 3130 3234 2f32 only.512/1024/2\n-00037250: 3034 382f 3430 3936 2062 7974 6520 7365 048/4096 byte se\n-00037260: 6374 6f72 730a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ctors....File: g\n-00037270: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00037280: 2070 6c61 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7072 play, Next: pr\n-00037290: 6f62 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 706c 6169 obe, Prev: plai\n-000372a0: 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d nmount, Up: Com\n-000372b0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-000372c0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3720 706c 6179 ds..17.4.57 play\n-000372d0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 .------------.. \n-000372e0: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 706c 6179 -- Command: play\n-000372f0: 2066 696c 6520 7c20 7465 6d70 6f20 5b70 file | tempo [p\n-00037300: 6974 6368 3120 6475 7261 7469 6f6e 315d itch1 duration1]\n-00037310: 205b 7069 7463 6832 2064 7572 6174 696f [pitch2 duratio\n-00037320: 6e32 5d20 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2050 6c61 n2] .... Pla\n-00037330: 7973 2061 2074 756e 650a 0a20 2020 2020 ys a tune.. \n-00037340: 4966 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 If the argument \n-00037350: 6973 2061 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2028 is a file name (\n-00037360: 2a6e 6f74 6520 4669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 *note File name \n-00037370: 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 292c 2070 6c61 7920 syntax::), play \n-00037380: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2074 756e 6520 7265 the. tune re\n-00037390: 636f 7264 6564 2069 6e20 6974 2e20 2054 corded in it. T\n-000373a0: 6865 2066 696c 6520 666f 726d 6174 2069 he file format i\n-000373b0: 7320 6669 7273 7420 7468 6520 7465 6d70 s first the temp\n-000373c0: 6f20 6173 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 2075 6e73 o as an. uns\n-000373d0: 6967 6e65 6420 3332 6269 7420 6c69 7474 igned 32bit litt\n-000373e0: 6c65 2d65 6e64 6961 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 le-endian number\n-000373f0: 2c20 7468 656e 2070 6169 7273 206f 6620 , then pairs of \n-00037400: 756e 7369 676e 6564 2031 3662 6974 0a20 unsigned 16bit. \n-00037410: 2020 2020 6c69 7474 6c65 2d65 6e64 6961 little-endia\n-00037420: 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 666f 7220 7069 n numbers for pi\n-00037430: 7463 6820 616e 6420 6475 7261 7469 6f6e tch and duration\n-00037440: 2070 6169 7273 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 pairs... If\n-00037450: 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2061 the arguments a\n-00037460: 7265 2061 2073 6572 6965 7320 6f66 206e re a series of n\n-00037470: 756d 6265 7273 2c20 706c 6179 2074 6865 umbers, play the\n-00037480: 2069 6e6c 696e 6520 7475 6e65 2e0a 0a20 inline tune... \n-00037490: 2020 2020 5468 6520 7465 6d70 6f20 6973 The tempo is\n-000374a0: 2074 6865 2062 6173 6520 666f 7220 616c the base for al\n-000374b0: 6c20 6e6f 7465 2064 7572 6174 696f 6e73 l note durations\n-000374c0: 2e20 2036 3020 6769 7665 7320 6120 312d . 60 gives a 1-\n-000374d0: 7365 636f 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 6261 7365 second. base\n-000374e0: 2c20 3132 3020 6769 7665 7320 6120 6861 , 120 gives a ha\n-000374f0: 6c66 2d73 6563 6f6e 6420 6261 7365 2c20 lf-second base, \n-00037500: 6574 632e 2020 5069 7463 6865 7320 6172 etc. Pitches ar\n-00037510: 6520 487a 2e20 2053 6574 0a20 2020 2020 e Hz. Set. \n-00037520: 7069 7463 6820 746f 2030 2074 6f20 7072 pitch to 0 to pr\n-00037530: 6f64 7563 6520 6120 7265 7374 2e0a 0a1f oduce a rest....\n-00037540: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00037550: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 726f 6265 2c20 , Node: probe, \n-00037560: 204e 6578 743a 2072 646d 7372 2c20 2050 Next: rdmsr, P\n-00037570: 7265 763a 2070 6c61 792c 2020 5570 3a20 rev: play, Up: \n-00037580: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-00037590: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3538 2070 mands..17.4.58 p\n-000375a0: 726f 6265 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d robe.-----------\n-000375b0: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n-000375c0: 2070 726f 6265 205b 2d2d 7365 7420 7661 probe [--set va\n-000375d0: 725d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 202d 2d64 r]. --d\n-000375e0: 7269 7665 727c 2d2d 7061 7274 6d61 707c river|--partmap|\n-000375f0: 2d2d 6673 7c2d 2d66 732d 7575 6964 7c2d --fs|--fs-uuid|-\n-00037600: 2d6c 6162 656c 7c2d 2d70 6172 742d 7575 -label|--part-uu\n-00037610: 6964 2064 6576 6963 650a 2020 2020 2052 id device. R\n-00037620: 6574 7269 6576 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 etrieve device i\n-00037630: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 6620 nformation. If \n-00037640: 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d 7365 74e2 option ...--set.\n-00037650: 8099 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2061 7373 .. is given, ass\n-00037660: 6967 6e0a 2020 2020 2072 6573 756c 7420 ign. result \n-00037670: 746f 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 5641 522c to variable VAR,\n-00037680: 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2070 7269 6e74 otherwise print\n-00037690: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 information on \n-000376a0: 7468 6520 7363 7265 656e 2e0a 0a20 2020 the screen... \n-000376b0: 2020 5468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 The option ...\n-000376c0: 2d2d 7061 7274 2d75 7569 64e2 8099 2069 --part-uuid... i\n-000376d0: 7320 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 6f6e 6c79 s currently only\n-000376e0: 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6564 2066 6f72 implemented for\n-000376f0: 204d 5344 4f53 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 MSDOS. and \n-00037700: 4750 5420 666f 726d 6174 7465 6420 6469 GPT formatted di\n-00037710: 736b 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 sks.....File: gr\n-00037720: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00037730: 7264 6d73 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7265 rdmsr, Next: re\n-00037740: 6164 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2070 726f 6265 ad, Prev: probe\n-00037750: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-00037760: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-00037770: 2e34 2e35 3920 7264 6d73 720a 2d2d 2d2d .4.59 rdmsr.----\n-00037780: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-00037790: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a3a 2072 646d 7372 2030 ommand:: rdmsr 0\n-000377a0: 7841 4444 5220 5b2d 7620 5641 524e 414d xADDR [-v VARNAM\n-000377b0: 455d 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6164 2061 206d E]. Read a m\n-000377c0: 6f64 656c 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 7265 odel-specific re\n-000377d0: 6769 7374 6572 2061 7420 6164 6472 6573 gister at addres\n-000377e0: 7320 3078 4144 4452 2e20 4966 2074 6865 s 0xADDR. If the\n-000377f0: 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 0a20 2020 2020 parameter. \n-00037800: e280 982d 76e2 8099 2069 7320 7573 6564 ...-v... is used\n-00037810: 2061 6e64 2061 6e20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d and an environm\n-00037820: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2056 4152 ent variable VAR\n-00037830: 4e41 4d45 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2073 NAME is given, s\n-00037840: 6574 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 2065 6e76 et that. env\n-00037850: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-00037860: 6520 746f 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 2074 e to the value t\n-00037870: 6861 7420 7761 7320 7265 6164 2e0a 0a20 hat was read... \n-00037880: 2020 2020 506c 6561 7365 206e 6f74 6520 Please note \n-00037890: 7468 6174 206f 6e20 534d 5020 7379 7374 that on SMP syst\n-000378a0: 656d 732c 2072 6561 6469 6e67 2066 726f ems, reading fro\n-000378b0: 6d20 6120 4d53 5220 7468 6174 2068 6173 m a MSR that has\n-000378c0: 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7363 6f70 6520 7065 a. scope pe\n-000378d0: 7220 6861 7264 7761 7265 2074 6872 6561 r hardware threa\n-000378e0: 642c 2069 6d70 6c69 6573 2074 6861 7420 d, implies that \n-000378f0: 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 7468 6174 2069 the value that i\n-00037900: 7320 7265 7475 726e 6564 0a20 2020 2020 s returned. \n-00037910: 6f6e 6c79 2061 7070 6c69 6573 2074 6f20 only applies to \n-00037920: 7468 6520 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 2063 the particular c\n-00037930: 7075 2f63 6f72 652f 7468 7265 6164 2074 pu/core/thread t\n-00037940: 6861 7420 7275 6e73 2074 6865 0a20 2020 hat runs the. \n-00037950: 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 command... \n-00037960: 2041 6c73 6f2c 2069 6620 796f 7520 7370 Also, if you sp\n-00037970: 6563 6966 7920 6120 7265 7365 7276 6564 ecify a reserved\n-00037980: 206f 7220 756e 696d 706c 656d 656e 7465 or unimplemente\n-00037990: 6420 4d53 5220 6164 6472 6573 732c 2069 d MSR address, i\n-000379a0: 740a 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 6361 7573 t. will caus\n-000379b0: 6520 6120 6765 6e65 7261 6c20 7072 6f74 e a general prot\n-000379c0: 6563 7469 6f6e 2065 7863 6570 7469 6f6e ection exception\n-000379d0: 2028 7768 6963 6820 6973 206e 6f74 2063 (which is not c\n-000379e0: 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 6265 urrently. be\n-000379f0: 696e 6720 6861 6e64 6c65 6429 2061 6e64 ing handled) and\n-00037a00: 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7769 6c6c the system will\n-00037a10: 2072 6562 6f6f 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 reboot.....File\n-00037a20: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00037a30: 6465 3a20 7265 6164 2c20 204e 6578 743a de: read, Next:\n-00037a40: 2072 6562 6f6f 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 reboot, Prev: \n-00037a50: 7264 6d73 722c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d rdmsr, Up: Comm\n-00037a60: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n-00037a70: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3630 2072 6561 640a s..17.4.60 read.\n-00037a80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-00037a90: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2072 6561 6420 - Command: read \n-00037aa0: 5b2d 735d 205b 7661 725d 0a20 2020 2020 [-s] [var]. \n-00037ab0: 5265 6164 2061 206c 696e 6520 6f66 2069 Read a line of i\n-00037ac0: 6e70 7574 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 7573 nput from the us\n-00037ad0: 6572 2e20 2049 6620 616e 2065 6e76 6972 er. If an envir\n-00037ae0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 onment variable \n-00037af0: 5641 520a 2020 2020 2069 7320 6769 7665 VAR. is give\n-00037b00: 6e2c 2073 6574 2074 6861 7420 656e 7669 n, set that envi\n-00037b10: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n-00037b20: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 to the line of \n-00037b30: 696e 7075 7420 7468 6174 0a20 2020 2020 input that. \n-00037b40: 7761 7320 7265 6164 2c20 7769 7468 206e was read, with n\n-00037b50: 6f20 7465 726d 696e 6174 696e 6720 6e65 o terminating ne\n-00037b60: 776c 696e 652e 2020 4966 2074 6865 2070 wline. If the p\n-00037b70: 6172 616d 6574 6572 20e2 8098 2d73 e280 arameter ...-s..\n-00037b80: 9920 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7573 6564 2c20 . is. used, \n-00037b90: 656e 6162 6c65 2073 696c 656e 7420 6d6f enable silent mo\n-00037ba0: 6465 2077 6865 7265 2069 6e70 7574 2069 de where input i\n-00037bb0: 7320 6e6f 7420 7072 696e 7465 6420 746f s not printed to\n-00037bc0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e the. termin\n-00037bd0: 616c 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 al.....File: gru\n-00037be0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2072 b.info, Node: r\n-00037bf0: 6562 6f6f 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7265 eboot, Next: re\n-00037c00: 6765 7870 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2072 6561 gexp, Prev: rea\n-00037c10: 642c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d d, Up: Command-\n-00037c20: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n-00037c30: 372e 342e 3631 2072 6562 6f6f 740a 2d2d 7.4.61 reboot.--\n-00037c40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-00037c50: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2072 6562 6f6f - Command: reboo\n-00037c60: 740a 2020 2020 2052 6562 6f6f 7420 7468 t. Reboot th\n-00037c70: 6520 636f 6d70 7574 6572 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 e computer.....F\n-00037c80: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00037c90: 204e 6f64 653a 2072 6567 6578 702c 2020 Node: regexp, \n-00037ca0: 4e65 7874 3a20 726d 6d6f 642c 2020 5072 Next: rmmod, Pr\n-00037cb0: 6576 3a20 7265 626f 6f74 2c20 2055 703a ev: reboot, Up:\n-00037cc0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n-00037cd0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 3220 mmands..17.4.62 \n-00037ce0: 7265 6765 7870 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d regexp.---------\n-00037cf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-00037d00: 6e64 3a20 7265 6765 7870 205b 2d2d 7365 nd: regexp [--se\n-00037d10: 7420 5b6e 756d 6265 723a 5d76 6172 5d20 t [number:]var] \n-00037d20: 7265 6765 7870 2073 7472 696e 670a 2020 regexp string. \n-00037d30: 2020 2054 6573 7420 6966 2072 6567 756c Test if regul\n-00037d40: 6172 2065 7870 7265 7373 696f 6e20 5245 ar expression RE\n-00037d50: 4745 5850 206d 6174 6368 6573 2053 5452 GEXP matches STR\n-00037d60: 494e 472e 2020 5375 7070 6f72 7465 640a ING. Supported.\n-00037d70: 2020 2020 2072 6567 756c 6172 2065 7870 regular exp\n-00037d80: 7265 7373 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2050 4f53 ressions are POS\n-00037d90: 4958 2e32 2045 7874 656e 6465 6420 5265 IX.2 Extended Re\n-00037da0: 6775 6c61 7220 4578 7072 6573 7369 6f6e gular Expression\n-00037db0: 732e 2020 4966 0a20 2020 2020 6f70 7469 s. If. opti\n-00037dc0: 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d 7365 74e2 8099 2069 on ...--set... i\n-00037dd0: 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2073 746f 7265 204e s given, store N\n-00037de0: 554d 4245 5274 6820 6d61 7463 6865 6420 UMBERth matched \n-00037df0: 7375 6265 7870 7265 7373 696f 6e20 696e subexpression in\n-00037e00: 0a20 2020 2020 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2056 . variable V\n-00037e10: 4152 2e20 2053 7562 6578 7072 6573 7369 AR. Subexpressi\n-00037e20: 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 6564 ons are numbered\n-00037e30: 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 6f66 2074 6865 in order of the\n-00037e40: 6972 0a20 2020 2020 6f70 656e 696e 6720 ir. opening \n-00037e50: 7061 7265 6e74 6865 7365 7320 7374 6172 parentheses star\n-00037e60: 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 e280 9831 e280 ting from ...1..\n-00037e70: 992e 2020 4e55 4d42 4552 2064 6566 6175 .. NUMBER defau\n-00037e80: 6c74 7320 746f 20e2 8098 31e2 8099 2e0a lts to ...1.....\n-00037e90: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n-00037ea0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2072 6d6d 6f64 fo, Node: rmmod\n-00037eb0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 6176 655f 656e , Next: save_en\n-00037ec0: 762c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7265 6765 7870 v, Prev: regexp\n-00037ed0: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c , Up: Command-l\n-00037ee0: 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ine commands..17\n-00037ef0: 2e34 2e36 3320 726d 6d6f 640a 2d2d 2d2d .4.63 rmmod.----\n-00037f00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-00037f10: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 726d 6d6f 6420 6d6f ommand: rmmod mo\n-00037f20: 6475 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 dule. Remove\n-00037f30: 2061 206c 6f61 6465 6420 4d4f 4455 4c45 a loaded MODULE\n-00037f40: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00037f50: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 6176 info, Node: sav\n-00037f60: 655f 656e 762c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7365 e_env, Next: se\n-00037f70: 6172 6368 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2072 6d6d arch, Prev: rmm\n-00037f80: 6f64 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 od, Up: Command\n-00037f90: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-00037fa0: 3137 2e34 2e36 3420 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 17.4.64 save_env\n-00037fb0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n-00037fc0: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n-00037fd0: 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 205b 2d2d 6669 6c65 save_env [--file\n-00037fe0: 2066 696c 655d 2076 6172 202e 2e2e 0a20 file] var .... \n-00037ff0: 2020 2020 5361 7665 2074 6865 206e 616d Save the nam\n-00038000: 6564 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2066 726f ed variables fro\n-00038010: 6d20 7468 6520 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e m the environmen\n-00038020: 7420 746f 2074 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e t to the environ\n-00038030: 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 626c 6f63 6b20 ment. block \n-00038040: 6669 6c65 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 2045 6e76 file. *Note Env\n-00038050: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 3a3a ironment block::\n-00038060: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 982d ... The ...-\n-00038070: 2d66 696c 65e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 -file... option \n-00038080: 6f76 6572 7269 6465 7320 7468 6520 6465 overrides the de\n-00038090: 6661 756c 7420 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 206f fault location o\n-000380a0: 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2065 6e76 6972 f the. envir\n-000380b0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b 2e0a 0a20 onment block... \n-000380c0: 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 This command\n-000380d0: 2077 696c 6c20 6f70 6572 6174 6520 7375 will operate su\n-000380e0: 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2065 7665 6e20 ccessfully even \n-000380f0: 7768 656e 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 when environment\n-00038100: 0a20 2020 2020 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 . variable .\n-00038110: 8098 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 ..check_signatur\n-00038120: 6573 e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 es... is set to \n-00038130: e280 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 9920 282a ...enforce... (*\n-00038140: 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 6368 6563 6b5f note. check_\n-00038150: 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 292c 2073 signatures::), s\n-00038160: 696e 6365 2069 7420 7772 6974 6573 2074 ince it writes t\n-00038170: 6f20 6469 736b 2061 6e64 2064 6f65 7320 o disk and does \n-00038180: 6e6f 7420 616c 7465 7220 7468 650a 2020 not alter the. \n-00038190: 2020 2062 6568 6176 696f 7220 6f66 2047 behavior of G\n-000381a0: 5255 4220 6261 7365 6420 6f6e 2061 6e79 RUB based on any\n-000381b0: 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 2064 6973 contents of dis\n-000381c0: 6b20 7468 6174 2068 6176 6520 6265 656e k that have been\n-000381d0: 2072 6561 642e 0a20 2020 2020 4974 2069 read.. It i\n-000381e0: 7320 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2074 6f20 6d6f s possible to mo\n-000381f0: 6469 6679 2061 2064 6967 6974 616c 6c79 dify a digitally\n-00038200: 2073 6967 6e65 6420 656e 7669 726f 6e6d signed environm\n-00038210: 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b20 6669 6c65 0a20 ent block file. \n-00038220: 2020 2020 6672 6f6d 2077 6974 6869 6e20 from within \n-00038230: 4752 5542 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6869 7320 GRUB using this \n-00038240: 636f 6d6d 616e 642c 2073 7563 6820 7468 command, such th\n-00038250: 6174 2069 7473 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 at its signature\n-00038260: 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 206e 6f20 6c6f will. no lo\n-00038270: 6e67 6572 2062 6520 7661 6c69 6420 6f6e nger be valid on\n-00038280: 2073 7562 7365 7175 656e 7420 626f 6f74 subsequent boot\n-00038290: 732e 2020 4361 7265 2073 686f 756c 6420 s. Care should \n-000382a0: 6265 2074 616b 656e 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 be taken in. \n-000382b0: 2073 7563 6820 6164 7661 6e63 6564 2063 such advanced c\n-000382c0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 7320 746f onfigurations to\n-000382d0: 2061 766f 6964 2072 656e 6465 7269 6e67 avoid rendering\n-000382e0: 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 the system. \n-000382f0: 2075 6e62 6f6f 7461 626c 652e 2020 2a4e unbootable. *N\n-00038300: 6f74 6520 5573 696e 6720 6469 6769 7461 ote Using digita\n-00038310: 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 2c20 l signatures::, \n-00038320: 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 0a20 2020 2020 696e for more. in\n-00038330: 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 formation.....Fi\n-00038340: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00038350: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7365 6172 6368 2c20 204e Node: search, N\n-00038360: 6578 743a 2073 656e 646b 6579 2c20 2050 ext: sendkey, P\n-00038370: 7265 763a 2073 6176 655f 656e 762c 2020 rev: save_env, \n-00038380: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n-00038390: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n-000383a0: 3635 2073 6561 7263 680a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 65 search.------\n-000383b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-000383c0: 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 6561 7263 6820 5b2d mmand: search [-\n-000383d0: 2d66 696c 657c 2d2d 6c61 6265 6c7c 2d2d -file|--label|--\n-000383e0: 6673 2d75 7569 645d 205b 2d2d 7365 7420 fs-uuid] [--set \n-000383f0: 5b76 6172 5d5d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 [var]]. \n-00038400: 205b 2d2d 6e6f 2d66 6c6f 7070 797c 2d2d [--no-floppy|--\n-00038410: 6566 6964 6973 6b2d 6f6e 6c79 5d20 6e61 efidisk-only] na\n-00038420: 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 5365 6172 6368 2064 me. Search d\n-00038430: 6576 6963 6573 2062 7920 6669 6c65 2028 evices by file (\n-00038440: e280 982d 66e2 8099 2c20 e280 982d 2d66 ...-f..., ...--f\n-00038450: 696c 65e2 8099 292c 2066 696c 6573 7973 ile...), filesys\n-00038460: 7465 6d20 6c61 6265 6c20 28e2 8098 2d6c tem label (...-l\n-00038470: e280 992c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d 2d6c ...,. ...--l\n-00038480: 6162 656c e280 9929 2c20 6f72 2066 696c abel...), or fil\n-00038490: 6573 7973 7465 6d20 5555 4944 2028 e280 esystem UUID (..\n-000384a0: 982d 75e2 8099 2c20 e280 982d 2d66 732d .-u..., ...--fs-\n-000384b0: 7575 6964 e280 9929 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 uuid...)... \n-000384c0: 4966 2074 6865 2028 e280 982d 73e2 8099 If the (...-s...\n-000384d0: 2c20 e280 982d 2d73 6574 e280 9929 206f , ...--set...) o\n-000384e0: 7074 696f 6e20 6973 2075 7365 642c 2074 ption is used, t\n-000384f0: 6865 2066 6972 7374 2064 6576 6963 6520 he first device \n-00038500: 666f 756e 6420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7365 found is. se\n-00038510: 7420 6173 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f t as the value o\n-00038520: 6620 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 f environment va\n-00038530: 7269 6162 6c65 2056 4152 2e20 2054 6865 riable VAR. The\n-00038540: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2076 6172 6961 626c default variabl\n-00038550: 650a 2020 2020 2069 7320 e280 9872 6f6f e. is ...roo\n-00038560: 74e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 t...... The \n-00038570: 28e2 8098 2d6e e280 992c 20e2 8098 2d2d (...-n..., ...--\n-00038580: 6e6f 2d66 6c6f 7070 79e2 8099 2920 6f70 no-floppy...) op\n-00038590: 7469 6f6e 2070 7265 7665 6e74 7320 7365 tion prevents se\n-000385a0: 6172 6368 696e 6720 666c 6f70 7079 2064 arching floppy d\n-000385b0: 6576 6963 6573 2c0a 2020 2020 2077 6869 evices,. whi\n-000385c0: 6368 2063 616e 2062 6520 736c 6f77 2e0a ch can be slow..\n-000385d0: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 28e2 8098 2d2d . The (...--\n-000385e0: 6566 6964 6973 6b2d 6f6e 6c79 e280 9929 efidisk-only...)\n-000385f0: 206f 7074 696f 6e20 7072 6576 656e 7473 option prevents\n-00038600: 2073 6561 7263 6869 6e67 2061 6e79 206f searching any o\n-00038610: 7468 6572 2064 6576 6963 6573 0a20 2020 ther devices. \n-00038620: 2020 7468 656e 2045 4649 2064 6973 6b73 then EFI disks\n-00038630: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2074 7970 6963 . This is typic\n-00038640: 616c 6c79 2075 7365 6420 7768 656e 2063 ally used when c\n-00038650: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 746f 206c hainloading to l\n-00038660: 6f63 616c 0a20 2020 2020 4546 4920 7061 ocal. EFI pa\n-00038670: 7274 6974 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 rtition... T\n-00038680: 6865 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 2e66 696c he ...search.fil\n-00038690: 65e2 8099 2c20 e280 9873 6561 7263 682e e..., ...search.\n-000386a0: 6673 5f6c 6162 656c e280 992c 2061 6e64 fs_label..., and\n-000386b0: 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 2e66 735f 7575 ...search.fs_uu\n-000386c0: 6964 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a20 id... commands. \n-000386d0: 2020 2020 6172 6520 616c 6961 7365 7320 are aliases \n-000386e0: 666f 7220 e280 9873 6561 7263 6820 2d2d for ...search --\n-000386f0: 6669 6c65 e280 992c 20e2 8098 7365 6172 file..., ...sear\n-00038700: 6368 202d 2d6c 6162 656c e280 992c 2061 ch --label..., a\n-00038710: 6e64 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 0a20 2020 nd ...search. \n-00038720: 2020 2d2d 6673 2d75 7569 64e2 8099 2072 --fs-uuid... r\n-00038730: 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c 792e 0a0a 2020 espectively... \n-00038740: 2020 2041 6c73 6f20 6869 6e74 7320 6173 Also hints as\n-00038750: 2074 6f20 7768 6963 6820 6465 7669 6365 to which device\n-00038760: 206d 6179 2062 6520 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 may be the most\n-00038770: 206c 696b 656c 7920 746f 2063 6f6e 7461 likely to conta\n-00038780: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6974 656d in the. item\n-00038790: 2073 6561 7263 6865 6420 666f 7220 6d61 searched for ma\n-000387a0: 7920 6265 2067 6976 656e 2076 6961 2074 y be given via t\n-000387b0: 6865 2028 e280 982d 68e2 8099 2c20 e280 he (...-h..., ..\n-000387c0: 982d 2d68 696e 74e2 8099 2920 6f70 7469 .--hint...) opti\n-000387d0: 6f6e 2077 6974 680a 2020 2020 2061 2064 on with. a d\n-000387e0: 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2061 7320 616e evice name as an\n-000387f0: 2061 7267 756d 656e 742e 2020 4966 2074 argument. If t\n-00038800: 6865 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 656e 6473 he argument ends\n-00038810: 2077 6974 6820 6120 636f 6d6d 612c 0a20 with a comma,. \n-00038820: 2020 2020 7468 656e 2070 6172 7469 7469 then partiti\n-00038830: 6f6e 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 ons on the devic\n-00038840: 6520 6172 6520 616c 736f 2073 6561 7263 e are also searc\n-00038850: 6865 642e 2020 4675 7274 6865 726d 6f72 hed. Furthermor\n-00038860: 652c 0a20 2020 2020 706c 6174 666f 726d e,. platform\n-00038870: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6320 6869 6e74 7320 specific hints \n-00038880: 6d61 7920 6265 2067 6976 656e 2076 6961 may be given via\n-00038890: 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e73 0a20 2020 the options. \n-000388a0: 2020 e280 982d 2d68 696e 742d 6965 6565 ...--hint-ieee\n-000388b0: 3132 3735 e280 992c 20e2 8098 2d2d 6869 1275..., ...--hi\n-000388c0: 6e74 2d62 696f 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 982d nt-bios..., ...-\n-000388d0: 2d68 696e 742d 6261 7265 6d65 7461 6ce2 -hint-baremetal.\n-000388e0: 8099 2c20 e280 982d 2d68 696e 742d 6566 .., ...--hint-ef\n-000388f0: 69e2 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 20e2 i...,. and .\n-00038900: 8098 2d2d 6869 6e74 2d61 7263 e280 992e ..--hint-arc....\n-00038910: 2020 5768 656e 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 When specified\n-00038920: 2c20 7468 6573 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 , these options \n-00038930: 7461 6b65 2061 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 take an argument\n-00038940: 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 6f70 6572 6174 . and operat\n-00038950: 6520 6c69 6b65 20e2 8098 2d2d 6869 6e74 e like ...--hint\n-00038960: e280 992c 2062 7574 206f 6e6c 7920 6f6e ..., but only on\n-00038970: 2074 6865 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2070 the specified p\n-00038980: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 latform.....File\n-00038990: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-000389a0: 6465 3a20 7365 6e64 6b65 792c 2020 4e65 de: sendkey, Ne\n-000389b0: 7874 3a20 7365 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 xt: set, Prev: \n-000389c0: 7365 6172 6368 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d search, Up: Com\n-000389d0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-000389e0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 3620 7365 6e64 ds..17.4.66 send\n-000389f0: 6b65 790a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d key.------------\n-00038a00: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-00038a10: 3a20 7365 6e64 6b65 790a 2020 2020 2020 : sendkey. \n-00038a20: 2020 2020 5b2d 2d6e 756d 7c2d 2d63 6170 [--num|--cap\n-00038a30: 737c 2d2d 7363 726f 6c6c 7c2d 2d69 6e73 s|--scroll|--ins\n-00038a40: 6572 747c 2d2d 7061 7573 657c 2d2d 6c65 ert|--pause|--le\n-00038a50: 6674 2d73 6869 6674 7c2d 2d72 6967 6874 ft-shift|--right\n-00038a60: 2d73 6869 6674 7c2d 2d73 7973 7271 7c2d -shift|--sysrq|-\n-00038a70: 2d6e 756d 6b65 797c 2d2d 6361 7073 6b65 -numkey|--capske\n-00038a80: 797c 2d2d 7363 726f 6c6c 6b65 797c 2d2d y|--scrollkey|--\n-00038a90: 696e 7365 7274 6b65 797c 2d2d 6c65 6674 insertkey|--left\n-00038aa0: 2d61 6c74 7c2d 2d72 6967 6874 2d61 6c74 -alt|--right-alt\n-00038ab0: 7c2d 2d6c 6566 742d 6374 726c 7c2d 2d72 |--left-ctrl|--r\n-00038ac0: 6967 6874 2d63 7472 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 ight-ctrl. \n-00038ad0: 2020 2020 6f6e 7c6f 6666 5d2e 2e2e 205b on|off]... [\n-00038ae0: 6e6f 2d6c 6564 5d20 6b65 7973 7472 6f6b no-led] keystrok\n-00038af0: 650a 2020 2020 2049 6e73 6572 7420 6b65 e. Insert ke\n-00038b00: 7973 7472 6f6b 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 ystrokes into th\n-00038b10: 6520 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2062 7566 6665 e keyboard buffe\n-00038b20: 7220 7768 656e 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2e20 r when booting. \n-00038b30: 2053 6f6d 6574 696d 6573 0a20 2020 2020 Sometimes. \n-00038b40: 616e 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 an operating sys\n-00038b50: 7465 6d20 6f72 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 tem or chainload\n-00038b60: 6564 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2072 ed boot loader r\n-00038b70: 6571 7569 7265 7320 7061 7274 6963 756c equires particul\n-00038b80: 6172 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 7973 2074 6f20 ar. keys to \n-00038b90: 6265 2070 7265 7373 6564 3a20 666f 7220 be pressed: for \n-00038ba0: 6578 616d 706c 652c 206f 6e65 206d 6967 example, one mig\n-00038bb0: 6874 206e 6565 6420 746f 2070 7265 7373 ht need to press\n-00038bc0: 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7274 6963 756c a. particul\n-00038bd0: 6172 206b 6579 2074 6f20 656e 7465 7220 ar key to enter \n-00038be0: 2273 6166 6520 6d6f 6465 222c 206f 7220 \"safe mode\", or \n-00038bf0: 7768 656e 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 696e when chainloadin\n-00038c00: 6720 616e 6f74 6865 720a 2020 2020 2062 g another. b\n-00038c10: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 206f 6e65 206d oot loader one m\n-00038c20: 6967 6874 2073 656e 6420 6b65 7973 7472 ight send keystr\n-00038c30: 6f6b 6573 2074 6f20 6974 2074 6f20 6e61 okes to it to na\n-00038c40: 7669 6761 7465 2069 7473 206d 656e 752e vigate its menu.\n-00038c50: 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 653a 2054 6869 .. Note: Thi\n-00038c60: 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 2063 7572 s command is cur\n-00038c70: 7265 6e74 6c79 206f 6e6c 7920 6176 6169 rently only avai\n-00038c80: 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 2069 3338 lable on the i38\n-00038c90: 362d 7063 0a20 2020 2020 7461 7267 6574 6-pc. target\n-00038ca0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 ... You may \n-00038cb0: 7072 6f76 6964 6520 7570 2074 6f20 3136 provide up to 16\n-00038cc0: 206b 6579 7374 726f 6b65 7320 2874 6865 keystrokes (the\n-00038cd0: 206c 656e 6774 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2042 length of the B\n-00038ce0: 494f 530a 2020 2020 206b 6579 626f 6172 IOS. keyboar\n-00038cf0: 6420 6275 6666 6572 292e 2020 4b65 7973 d buffer). Keys\n-00038d00: 7472 6f6b 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6d61 7920 troke names may \n-00038d10: 6265 2075 7070 6572 2d63 6173 6520 6f72 be upper-case or\n-00038d20: 206c 6f77 6572 2d63 6173 650a 2020 2020 lower-case. \n-00038d30: 206c 6574 7465 7273 2c20 6469 6769 7473 letters, digits\n-00038d40: 2c20 6f72 2074 616b 656e 2066 726f 6d20 , or taken from \n-00038d50: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7461 the following ta\n-00038d60: 626c 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 616d 6520 ble:.. Name \n-00038d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00038d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204b 6579 0a20 2020 Key. \n-00038d90: 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d --------------\n+00036220: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+00036230: 643a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 d: password_pbkd\n+00036240: 6632 2075 7365 7220 6861 7368 6564 2d70 f2 user hashed-p\n+00036250: 6173 7377 6f72 640a 2020 2020 2044 6566 assword. Def\n+00036260: 696e 6520 6120 7573 6572 206e 616d 6564 ine a user named\n+00036270: 2055 5345 5220 7769 7468 2070 6173 7377 USER with passw\n+00036280: 6f72 6420 6861 7368 2048 4153 4845 442d ord hash HASHED-\n+00036290: 5041 5353 574f 5244 2e20 2055 7365 0a20 PASSWORD. Use. \n+000362a0: 2020 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 ...grub-mkpa\n+000362b0: 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 32e2 8099 2028 sswd-pbkdf2... (\n+000362c0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 *note Invoking g\n+000362d0: 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b rub-mkpasswd-pbk\n+000362e0: 6466 323a 3a29 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2067 df2::) to. g\n+000362f0: 656e 6572 6174 6520 7061 7373 776f 7264 enerate password\n+00036300: 2068 6173 6865 732e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 hashes. *Note \n+00036310: 5365 6375 7269 7479 3a3a 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 Security::.....F\n+00036320: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+00036330: 204e 6f64 653a 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e Node: plainmoun\n+00036340: 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 706c 6179 2c20 t, Next: play, \n+00036350: 2050 7265 763a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645f Prev: password_\n+00036360: 7062 6b64 6632 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d pbkdf2, Up: Com\n+00036370: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+00036380: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3620 706c 6169 ds..17.4.56 plai\n+00036390: 6e6d 6f75 6e74 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d nmount.---------\n+000363a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+000363b0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 ommand: plainmou\n+000363c0: 6e74 2064 6576 6963 6520 2d63 2063 6970 nt device -c cip\n+000363d0: 6865 7220 2d73 206b 6579 2073 697a 6520 her -s key size \n+000363e0: 5b2d 6820 6861 7368 5d0a 2020 2020 205b [-h hash]. [\n+000363f0: e280 982d 53e2 8099 2073 6563 746f 7220 ...-S... sector \n+00036400: 7369 7a65 5d20 5be2 8098 2d70 e280 9920 size] [...-p... \n+00036410: 7061 7373 776f 7264 5d20 5be2 8098 2d75 password] [...-u\n+00036420: e280 9920 7575 6964 5d20 5b5b e280 982d ... uuid] [[...-\n+00036430: 64e2 8099 206b 6579 6669 6c65 5d0a 2020 d... keyfile]. \n+00036440: 2020 205b e280 982d 4fe2 8099 206b 6579 [...-O... key\n+00036450: 6669 6c65 206f 6666 7365 745d 5d0a 0a20 file offset]].. \n+00036460: 2020 2020 5365 7475 7020 6163 6365 7373 Setup access\n+00036470: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 656e 6372 7970 7465 to the encrypte\n+00036480: 6420 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e20 706c 6169 d device in plai\n+00036490: 6e20 6d6f 6465 2e20 204f 6666 7365 7420 n mode. Offset \n+000364a0: 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 656e 6372 of the. encr\n+000364b0: 7970 7465 6420 6461 7461 2061 7420 7468 ypted data at th\n+000364c0: 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 7320 7370 6563 e device is spec\n+000364d0: 6966 6965 6420 696e 2074 6572 6d73 206f ified in terms o\n+000364e0: 6620 3531 3220 6279 7465 0a20 2020 2020 f 512 byte. \n+000364f0: 7365 6374 6f72 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 sectors using th\n+00036500: 6520 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 7420 7379 6e74 e blocklist synt\n+00036510: 6178 2061 6e64 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 ax and loopback \n+00036520: 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 device. The. \n+00036530: 2020 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6578 616d following exam\n+00036540: 706c 6520 7368 6f77 7320 686f 7720 746f ple shows how to\n+00036550: 2073 7065 6369 6679 2031 4d69 4220 6f66 specify 1MiB of\n+00036560: 6673 6574 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 fset:.. \n+00036570: 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b20 6e6f 6465 2028 loopback node (\n+00036580: 6864 302c 6770 7431 2932 3034 382b 0a20 hd0,gpt1)2048+. \n+00036590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f plainmo\n+000365a0: 756e 7420 6e6f 6465 202e 2e2e 0a0a 2020 unt node ..... \n+000365b0: 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 706c 6169 6e6d The ...plainm\n+000365c0: 6f75 6e74 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 ount... command \n+000365d0: 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f 206f can be used to o\n+000365e0: 7065 6e20 4c55 4b53 2065 6e63 7279 7074 pen LUKS encrypt\n+000365f0: 6564 2076 6f6c 756d 650a 2020 2020 2069 ed volume. i\n+00036600: 6620 6974 7320 6d61 7374 6572 206b 6579 f its master key\n+00036610: 2061 6e64 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 and parameters \n+00036620: 286b 6579 2073 697a 652c 2063 6970 6865 (key size, ciphe\n+00036630: 722c 206f 6666 7365 742c 2065 7463 290a r, offset, etc).\n+00036640: 2020 2020 2061 7265 206b 6e6f 776e 2e0a are known..\n+00036650: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6572 6520 6172 6520 . There are \n+00036660: 7477 6f20 7761 7973 2074 6f20 7370 6563 two ways to spec\n+00036670: 6966 7920 6120 7061 7373 776f 7264 3a20 ify a password: \n+00036680: 6120 6b65 7966 696c 6520 616e 6420 6120 a keyfile and a \n+00036690: 7365 6372 6574 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7373 secret. pass\n+000366a0: 7068 7261 7365 2e20 2054 6865 206b 6579 phrase. The key\n+000366b0: 6669 6c65 2070 6174 6820 7061 7261 6d65 file path parame\n+000366c0: 7465 7220 6861 7320 6869 6768 6572 2070 ter has higher p\n+000366d0: 7269 6f72 6974 7920 7468 616e 0a20 2020 riority than. \n+000366e0: 2020 7468 6520 7365 6372 6574 2070 6173 the secret pas\n+000366f0: 7370 6872 6173 6520 7061 7261 6d65 7465 sphrase paramete\n+00036700: 7220 616e 6420 6973 2073 7065 6369 6669 r and is specifi\n+00036710: 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6f70 7469 ed with the opti\n+00036720: 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d 64e2 8099 on. ...-d...\n+00036730: 2e20 2050 6173 7377 6f72 6420 6461 7461 . Password data\n+00036740: 206f 6274 6169 6e65 6420 6672 6f6d 206b obtained from k\n+00036750: 6579 6669 6c65 7320 6973 206e 6f74 2068 eyfiles is not h\n+00036760: 6173 6865 6420 616e 6420 6973 0a20 2020 ashed and is. \n+00036770: 2020 7573 6564 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 used directly \n+00036780: 6173 2061 2063 6970 6865 7220 6b65 792e as a cipher key.\n+00036790: 2020 416e 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c20 6f66 An optional of\n+000367a0: 6673 6574 206f 6620 7061 7373 776f 7264 fset of password\n+000367b0: 2064 6174 610a 2020 2020 2069 6e20 7468 data. in th\n+000367c0: 6520 6b65 7966 696c 6520 6361 6e20 6265 e keyfile can be\n+000367d0: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2077 6974 6820 specified with \n+000367e0: 7468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d4f the option ...-O\n+000367f0: e280 9920 6f72 2064 6972 6563 746c 790a ... or directly.\n+00036800: 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6f70 with the op\n+00036810: 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d64 e280 9920 616e tion ...-d... an\n+00036820: 6420 4752 5542 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 d GRUB blocklist\n+00036830: 2073 796e 7461 782c 2069 6620 7468 6520 syntax, if the \n+00036840: 6b65 7966 696c 6520 6461 7461 0a20 2020 keyfile data. \n+00036850: 2020 6361 6e20 6265 2061 6363 6573 7365 can be accesse\n+00036860: 6420 6672 6f6d 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 d from a device \n+00036870: 616e 6420 6973 2035 3132 2062 7974 6520 and is 512 byte \n+00036880: 616c 6967 6e65 642e 2020 5468 650a 2020 aligned. The. \n+00036890: 2020 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2065 7861 following exa\n+000368a0: 6d70 6c65 2073 686f 7773 2062 6f74 6820 mple shows both \n+000368b0: 6d65 7468 6f64 7320 746f 2073 7065 6369 methods to speci\n+000368c0: 6679 2070 6173 7377 6f72 6420 6461 7461 fy password data\n+000368d0: 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 206b 6579 in. the key\n+000368e0: 6669 6c65 2061 7420 6f66 6673 6574 2031 file at offset 1\n+000368f0: 4d69 423a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 MiB:.. \n+00036900: 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 202d 6420 2868 plainmount -d (h\n+00036910: 6430 2c67 7074 3129 3230 3438 2b20 2e2e d0,gpt1)2048+ ..\n+00036920: 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 706c 6169 .. plai\n+00036930: 6e6d 6f75 6e74 202d 6420 2868 6430 2c67 nmount -d (hd0,g\n+00036940: 7074 3129 2b20 2d4f 2031 3034 3835 3736 pt1)+ -O 1048576\n+00036950: 202e 2e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6e6f ..... If no\n+00036960: 206b 6579 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7370 6563 keyfile is spec\n+00036970: 6966 6965 6420 7468 656e 2074 6865 2070 ified then the p\n+00036980: 6173 7377 6f72 6420 6973 2073 6574 2074 assword is set t\n+00036990: 6f20 7468 6520 7374 7269 6e67 0a20 2020 o the string. \n+000369a0: 2020 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6279 206f specified by o\n+000369b0: 7074 696f 6e20 e280 982d 70e2 8099 206f ption ...-p... o\n+000369c0: 7220 6973 2072 6571 7565 7374 6564 2069 r is requested i\n+000369d0: 6e74 6572 6163 7469 7665 6c79 2066 726f nteractively fro\n+000369e0: 6d20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 736f m the. conso\n+000369f0: 6c65 2e20 2049 6e20 626f 7468 2063 6173 le. In both cas\n+00036a00: 6573 2074 6865 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 es the provided \n+00036a10: 7061 7373 776f 7264 2069 7320 6861 7368 password is hash\n+00036a20: 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 650a 2020 2020 ed with the. \n+00036a30: 2061 6c67 6f72 6974 686d 2073 7065 6369 algorithm speci\n+00036a40: 6669 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 6f70 7469 fied by the opti\n+00036a50: 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d68 e280 992e 2020 5468 on ...-h.... Th\n+00036a60: 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 206d 616e is option is man\n+00036a70: 6461 746f 7279 0a20 2020 2020 6966 206e datory. if n\n+00036a80: 6f20 6b65 7966 696c 6520 6973 2073 7065 o keyfile is spe\n+00036a90: 6369 6669 6564 2c20 6275 7420 6974 2063 cified, but it c\n+00036aa0: 616e 2062 6520 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 an be set to ...\n+00036ab0: 706c 6169 6ee2 8099 2077 6869 6368 0a20 plain... which. \n+00036ac0: 2020 2020 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 206e means that n\n+00036ad0: 6f20 6861 7368 696e 6720 6973 2064 6f6e o hashing is don\n+00036ae0: 6520 616e 6420 7375 6368 2070 6173 7377 e and such passw\n+00036af0: 6f72 6420 6973 2075 7365 6420 6469 7265 ord is used dire\n+00036b00: 6374 6c79 2061 730a 2020 2020 2061 206b ctly as. a k\n+00036b10: 6579 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4369 7068 6572 ey... Cipher\n+00036b20: 20e2 8098 2d63 e280 9920 616e 6420 6b65 ...-c... and ke\n+00036b30: 7973 697a 6520 e280 982d 73e2 8099 206f ysize ...-s... o\n+00036b40: 7074 696f 6e73 2073 7065 6369 6679 2074 ptions specify t\n+00036b50: 6865 2063 6970 6865 7220 616c 676f 7269 he cipher algori\n+00036b60: 7468 6d0a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2074 6865 thm. and the\n+00036b70: 206b 6579 2073 697a 6520 7265 7370 6563 key size respec\n+00036b80: 7469 7665 6c79 2061 6e64 2061 7265 206d tively and are m\n+00036b90: 616e 6461 746f 7279 206f 7074 696f 6e73 andatory options\n+00036ba0: 2e20 2043 6970 6865 720a 2020 2020 206d . Cipher. m\n+00036bb0: 7573 7420 6265 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 ust be specified\n+00036bc0: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6d6f 6465 2073 with the mode s\n+00036bd0: 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 6120 6461 eparated by a da\n+00036be0: 7368 2028 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c sh (for example,\n+00036bf0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9861 6573 2d78 7473 . ...aes-xts\n+00036c00: 2d70 6c61 696e 3634 e280 9929 2e20 204b -plain64...). K\n+00036c10: 6579 2073 697a 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 ey size option .\n+00036c20: 8098 2d73 e280 9920 6973 2074 6865 206b ..-s... is the k\n+00036c30: 6579 2073 697a 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 ey size of the. \n+00036c40: 2020 2020 6369 7068 6572 2069 6e20 6269 cipher in bi\n+00036c50: 7473 2c20 6e6f 7420 746f 2062 6520 636f ts, not to be co\n+00036c60: 6e66 7573 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 nfused with the \n+00036c70: 6f66 6673 6574 206f 6620 7468 6520 6b65 offset of the ke\n+00036c80: 7920 6461 7461 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2061 y data. in a\n+00036c90: 206b 6579 6669 6c65 2073 7065 6369 6669 keyfile specifi\n+00036ca0: 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 e280 982d ed with the ...-\n+00036cb0: 4fe2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 2020 4974 O... option. It\n+00036cc0: 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 6578 6365 6564 must not exceed\n+00036cd0: 0a20 2020 2020 3130 3234 2062 6974 732c . 1024 bits,\n+00036ce0: 2073 6f20 6120 3332 2062 7974 6520 6b65 so a 32 byte ke\n+00036cf0: 7920 776f 756c 6420 6265 2073 7065 6369 y would be speci\n+00036d00: 6669 6564 2061 7320 3235 3620 6269 7473 fied as 256 bits\n+00036d10: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206f 7074 696f .. The optio\n+00036d20: 6e61 6c20 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7220 e280 nal parameter ..\n+00036d30: 982d 53e2 8099 2073 7065 6369 6669 6573 .-S... specifies\n+00036d40: 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2064 6576 6963 encrypted devic\n+00036d50: 6520 7365 6374 6f72 2073 697a 652e 0a20 e sector size.. \n+00036d60: 2020 2020 4974 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 It must be a\n+00036d70: 7420 6c65 6173 7420 3531 3220 6279 7465 t least 512 byte\n+00036d80: 7320 6c6f 6e67 2028 6465 6661 756c 7420 s long (default \n+00036d90: 7661 6c75 6529 2061 6e64 2061 2070 6f77 value) and a pow\n+00036da0: 6572 206f 660a 2020 2020 2032 2e20 2028 er of. 2. (\n+00036db0: 3129 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2070 6c61 696e 1) (*note plain\n+00036dc0: 6d6f 756e 742d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 mount-Footnote-1\n+00036dd0: 3a3a 292e 2020 4469 736b 2073 6563 746f ::). Disk secto\n+00036de0: 7220 7369 7a65 2069 730a 2020 2020 2063 r size is. c\n+00036df0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 7768 656e 2063 onfigured when c\n+00036e00: 7265 6174 696e 6720 7468 6520 656e 6372 reating the encr\n+00036e10: 7970 7465 6420 766f 6c75 6d65 2e20 2041 ypted volume. A\n+00036e20: 7474 656d 7074 696e 6720 746f 0a20 2020 ttempting to. \n+00036e30: 2020 6465 6372 7970 7420 766f 6c75 6d65 decrypt volume\n+00036e40: 7320 7769 7468 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 s with a differe\n+00036e50: 6e74 2073 6563 746f 7220 7369 7a65 2074 nt sector size t\n+00036e60: 6861 6e20 6974 2077 6173 2063 7265 6174 han it was creat\n+00036e70: 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 2077 696c ed. with wil\n+00036e80: 6c20 6e6f 7420 7265 7375 6c74 2069 6e20 l not result in \n+00036e90: 616e 2065 7272 6f72 2c20 6275 7420 7769 an error, but wi\n+00036ea0: 6c6c 2064 6563 7279 7074 2074 6f20 7261 ll decrypt to ra\n+00036eb0: 6e64 6f6d 2062 7974 6573 0a20 2020 2020 ndom bytes. \n+00036ec0: 616e 6420 7468 7573 2070 7265 7665 6e74 and thus prevent\n+00036ed0: 2061 6363 6573 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2076 accessing the v\n+00036ee0: 6f6c 756d 6520 2869 6e20 736f 6d65 2063 olume (in some c\n+00036ef0: 6173 6573 2074 6865 2066 696c 6573 7973 ases the filesys\n+00036f00: 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2064 7269 7665 7220 tem. driver \n+00036f10: 6361 6e20 6465 7465 6374 2074 6865 2070 can detect the p\n+00036f20: 7265 7365 6e63 6520 6f66 2061 2066 696c resence of a fil\n+00036f30: 6573 7973 7465 6d2c 2062 7574 206e 6576 esystem, but nev\n+00036f40: 6572 7468 656c 6573 730a 2020 2020 2077 ertheless. w\n+00036f50: 696c 6c20 7265 6675 7365 2074 6f20 6d6f ill refuse to mo\n+00036f60: 756e 7420 6974 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2042 unt it)... B\n+00036f70: 7920 6465 6661 756c 7420 6e65 7720 706c y default new pl\n+00036f80: 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2064 6576 6963 6573 ainmount devices\n+00036f90: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2067 6976 656e 2061 will be given a\n+00036fa0: 2055 5549 4420 7374 6172 7469 6e67 0a20 UUID starting. \n+00036fb0: 2020 2020 7769 7468 2027 3130 3966 6561 with '109fea\n+00036fc0: 3834 2d61 3662 372d 3334 6138 2d34 6264 84-a6b7-34a8-4bd\n+00036fd0: 312d 3163 3530 3633 3035 6134 3031 2720 1-1c506305a401' \n+00036fe0: 7768 6572 6520 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2064 where the last d\n+00036ff0: 6967 6974 730a 2020 2020 2061 7265 2069 igits. are i\n+00037000: 6e63 7265 6d65 6e74 6564 2062 7920 6f6e ncremented by on\n+00037010: 6520 666f 7220 6561 6368 2070 6c61 696e e for each plain\n+00037020: 6d6f 756e 7465 6420 6465 7669 6365 2062 mounted device b\n+00037030: 6579 6f6e 6420 7468 650a 2020 2020 2066 eyond the. f\n+00037040: 6972 7374 2075 7020 746f 2032 5e31 3020 irst up to 2^10 \n+00037050: 6465 7669 6365 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 devices... A\n+00037060: 6c6c 2065 6e63 7279 7074 696f 6e20 6172 ll encryption ar\n+00037070: 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 2863 6970 6865 722c guments (cipher,\n+00037080: 2068 6173 682c 206b 6579 2073 697a 652c hash, key size,\n+00037090: 2064 6973 6b20 6f66 6673 6574 2061 6e64 disk offset and\n+000370a0: 0a20 2020 2020 6469 736b 2073 6563 746f . disk secto\n+000370b0: 7220 7369 7a65 2920 6d75 7374 206d 6174 r size) must mat\n+000370c0: 6368 2074 6865 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 ch the parameter\n+000370d0: 7320 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6372 6561 7465 s used to create\n+000370e0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 766f 6c75 6d65 the. volume\n+000370f0: 2e20 2049 6620 616e 7920 6f66 2074 6865 . If any of the\n+00037100: 6d20 646f 6573 206e 6f74 206d 6174 6368 m does not match\n+00037110: 2074 6865 2061 6374 7561 6c20 6172 6775 the actual argu\n+00037120: 6d65 6e74 7320 7573 6564 0a20 2020 2020 ments used. \n+00037130: 6475 7269 6e67 2074 6865 2069 6e69 7469 during the initi\n+00037140: 616c 2065 6e63 7279 7074 696f 6e2c 2070 al encryption, p\n+00037150: 6c61 696e 6d6f 756e 7420 7769 6c6c 2063 lainmount will c\n+00037160: 7265 6174 6520 7669 7274 7561 6c0a 2020 reate virtual. \n+00037170: 2020 2064 6576 6963 6520 7769 7468 2074 device with t\n+00037180: 6865 2067 6172 6261 6765 2064 6174 6120 he garbage data \n+00037190: 616e 6420 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 7265 and GRUB will re\n+000371a0: 706f 7274 2075 6e6b 6e6f 776e 0a20 2020 port unknown. \n+000371b0: 2020 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2066 6f72 filesystem for\n+000371c0: 2073 7563 6820 6465 7669 6365 2e0a 0a1f such device....\n+000371d0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+000371e0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f , Node: plainmo\n+000371f0: 756e 742d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 732c 2020 unt-Footnotes, \n+00037200: 5570 3a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 0a0a Up: plainmount..\n+00037210: 2020 2028 3129 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2069 (1) Current i\n+00037220: 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 mplementation of\n+00037230: 2063 7279 7074 7365 7475 7020 7375 7070 cryptsetup supp\n+00037240: 6f72 7473 206f 6e6c 790a 3531 322f 3130 orts only.512/10\n+00037250: 3234 2f32 3034 382f 3430 3936 2062 7974 24/2048/4096 byt\n+00037260: 6520 7365 6374 6f72 730a 0a1f 0a46 696c e sectors....Fil\n+00037270: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00037280: 6f64 653a 2070 6c61 792c 2020 4e65 7874 ode: play, Next\n+00037290: 3a20 7072 6f62 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 : probe, Prev: \n+000372a0: 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 2055 703a plainmount, Up:\n+000372b0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+000372c0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3720 mmands..17.4.57 \n+000372d0: 706c 6179 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d play.-----------\n+000372e0: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+000372f0: 706c 6179 2066 696c 6520 7c20 7465 6d70 play file | temp\n+00037300: 6f20 5b70 6974 6368 3120 6475 7261 7469 o [pitch1 durati\n+00037310: 6f6e 315d 205b 7069 7463 6832 2064 7572 on1] [pitch2 dur\n+00037320: 6174 696f 6e32 5d20 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 ation2] .... \n+00037330: 2050 6c61 7973 2061 2074 756e 650a 0a20 Plays a tune.. \n+00037340: 2020 2020 4966 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d If the argum\n+00037350: 656e 7420 6973 2061 2066 696c 6520 6e61 ent is a file na\n+00037360: 6d65 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4669 6c65 206e me (*note File n\n+00037370: 616d 6520 7379 6e74 6178 3a3a 292c 2070 ame syntax::), p\n+00037380: 6c61 7920 7468 650a 2020 2020 2074 756e lay the. tun\n+00037390: 6520 7265 636f 7264 6564 2069 6e20 6974 e recorded in it\n+000373a0: 2e20 2054 6865 2066 696c 6520 666f 726d . The file form\n+000373b0: 6174 2069 7320 6669 7273 7420 7468 6520 at is first the \n+000373c0: 7465 6d70 6f20 6173 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 tempo as an. \n+000373d0: 2075 6e73 6967 6e65 6420 3332 6269 7420 unsigned 32bit \n+000373e0: 6c69 7474 6c65 2d65 6e64 6961 6e20 6e75 little-endian nu\n+000373f0: 6d62 6572 2c20 7468 656e 2070 6169 7273 mber, then pairs\n+00037400: 206f 6620 756e 7369 676e 6564 2031 3662 of unsigned 16b\n+00037410: 6974 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 7474 6c65 2d65 it. little-e\n+00037420: 6e64 6961 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 666f ndian numbers fo\n+00037430: 7220 7069 7463 6820 616e 6420 6475 7261 r pitch and dura\n+00037440: 7469 6f6e 2070 6169 7273 2e0a 0a20 2020 tion pairs... \n+00037450: 2020 4966 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d 656e If the argumen\n+00037460: 7473 2061 7265 2061 2073 6572 6965 7320 ts are a series \n+00037470: 6f66 206e 756d 6265 7273 2c20 706c 6179 of numbers, play\n+00037480: 2074 6865 2069 6e6c 696e 6520 7475 6e65 the inline tune\n+00037490: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 7465 6d70 ... The temp\n+000374a0: 6f20 6973 2074 6865 2062 6173 6520 666f o is the base fo\n+000374b0: 7220 616c 6c20 6e6f 7465 2064 7572 6174 r all note durat\n+000374c0: 696f 6e73 2e20 2036 3020 6769 7665 7320 ions. 60 gives \n+000374d0: 6120 312d 7365 636f 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 a 1-second. \n+000374e0: 6261 7365 2c20 3132 3020 6769 7665 7320 base, 120 gives \n+000374f0: 6120 6861 6c66 2d73 6563 6f6e 6420 6261 a half-second ba\n+00037500: 7365 2c20 6574 632e 2020 5069 7463 6865 se, etc. Pitche\n+00037510: 7320 6172 6520 487a 2e20 2053 6574 0a20 s are Hz. Set. \n+00037520: 2020 2020 7069 7463 6820 746f 2030 2074 pitch to 0 t\n+00037530: 6f20 7072 6f64 7563 6520 6120 7265 7374 o produce a rest\n+00037540: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+00037550: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2070 726f info, Node: pro\n+00037560: 6265 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2072 646d 7372 be, Next: rdmsr\n+00037570: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2070 6c61 792c 2020 , Prev: play, \n+00037580: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n+00037590: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n+000375a0: 3538 2070 726f 6265 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 58 probe.-------\n+000375b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n+000375c0: 616e 643a 2070 726f 6265 205b 2d2d 7365 and: probe [--se\n+000375d0: 7420 7661 725d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 t var]. \n+000375e0: 202d 2d64 7269 7665 727c 2d2d 7061 7274 --driver|--part\n+000375f0: 6d61 707c 2d2d 6673 7c2d 2d66 732d 7575 map|--fs|--fs-uu\n+00037600: 6964 7c2d 2d6c 6162 656c 7c2d 2d70 6172 id|--label|--par\n+00037610: 742d 7575 6964 2064 6576 6963 650a 2020 t-uuid device. \n+00037620: 2020 2052 6574 7269 6576 6520 6465 7669 Retrieve devi\n+00037630: 6365 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e20 ce information. \n+00037640: 2049 6620 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d If option ...--\n+00037650: 7365 74e2 8099 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c set... is given,\n+00037660: 2061 7373 6967 6e0a 2020 2020 2072 6573 assign. res\n+00037670: 756c 7420 746f 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 ult to variable \n+00037680: 5641 522c 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2070 VAR, otherwise p\n+00037690: 7269 6e74 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e rint information\n+000376a0: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7363 7265 656e 2e0a on the screen..\n+000376b0: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e . The option\n+000376c0: 20e2 8098 2d2d 7061 7274 2d75 7569 64e2 ...--part-uuid.\n+000376d0: 8099 2069 7320 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 .. is currently \n+000376e0: 6f6e 6c79 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6564 only implemented\n+000376f0: 2066 6f72 204d 5344 4f53 0a20 2020 2020 for MSDOS. \n+00037700: 616e 6420 4750 5420 666f 726d 6174 7465 and GPT formatte\n+00037710: 6420 6469 736b 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 d disks.....File\n+00037720: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00037730: 6465 3a20 7264 6d73 722c 2020 4e65 7874 de: rdmsr, Next\n+00037740: 3a20 7265 6164 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2070 : read, Prev: p\n+00037750: 726f 6265 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 robe, Up: Comma\n+00037760: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+00037770: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e35 3920 7264 6d73 720a ..17.4.59 rdmsr.\n+00037780: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n+00037790: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a3a 2072 646d -- Command:: rdm\n+000377a0: 7372 2030 7841 4444 5220 5b2d 7620 5641 sr 0xADDR [-v VA\n+000377b0: 524e 414d 455d 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6164 RNAME]. Read\n+000377c0: 2061 206d 6f64 656c 2d73 7065 6369 6669 a model-specifi\n+000377d0: 6320 7265 6769 7374 6572 2061 7420 6164 c register at ad\n+000377e0: 6472 6573 7320 3078 4144 4452 2e20 4966 dress 0xADDR. If\n+000377f0: 2074 6865 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 0a20 the parameter. \n+00037800: 2020 2020 e280 982d 76e2 8099 2069 7320 ...-v... is \n+00037810: 7573 6564 2061 6e64 2061 6e20 656e 7669 used and an envi\n+00037820: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n+00037830: 2056 4152 4e41 4d45 2069 7320 6769 7665 VARNAME is give\n+00037840: 6e2c 2073 6574 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 n, set that. \n+00037850: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+00037860: 6961 626c 6520 746f 2074 6865 2076 616c iable to the val\n+00037870: 7565 2074 6861 7420 7761 7320 7265 6164 ue that was read\n+00037880: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 506c 6561 7365 206e ... Please n\n+00037890: 6f74 6520 7468 6174 206f 6e20 534d 5020 ote that on SMP \n+000378a0: 7379 7374 656d 732c 2072 6561 6469 6e67 systems, reading\n+000378b0: 2066 726f 6d20 6120 4d53 5220 7468 6174 from a MSR that\n+000378c0: 2068 6173 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7363 6f70 has a. scop\n+000378d0: 6520 7065 7220 6861 7264 7761 7265 2074 e per hardware t\n+000378e0: 6872 6561 642c 2069 6d70 6c69 6573 2074 hread, implies t\n+000378f0: 6861 7420 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 7468 hat the value th\n+00037900: 6174 2069 7320 7265 7475 726e 6564 0a20 at is returned. \n+00037910: 2020 2020 6f6e 6c79 2061 7070 6c69 6573 only applies\n+00037920: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7061 7274 6963 756c to the particul\n+00037930: 6172 2063 7075 2f63 6f72 652f 7468 7265 ar cpu/core/thre\n+00037940: 6164 2074 6861 7420 7275 6e73 2074 6865 ad that runs the\n+00037950: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 0a0a . command...\n+00037960: 2020 2020 2041 6c73 6f2c 2069 6620 796f Also, if yo\n+00037970: 7520 7370 6563 6966 7920 6120 7265 7365 u specify a rese\n+00037980: 7276 6564 206f 7220 756e 696d 706c 656d rved or unimplem\n+00037990: 656e 7465 6420 4d53 5220 6164 6472 6573 ented MSR addres\n+000379a0: 732c 2069 740a 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 s, it. will \n+000379b0: 6361 7573 6520 6120 6765 6e65 7261 6c20 cause a general \n+000379c0: 7072 6f74 6563 7469 6f6e 2065 7863 6570 protection excep\n+000379d0: 7469 6f6e 2028 7768 6963 6820 6973 206e tion (which is n\n+000379e0: 6f74 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 0a20 2020 ot currently. \n+000379f0: 2020 6265 696e 6720 6861 6e64 6c65 6429 being handled)\n+00037a00: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 and the system \n+00037a10: 7769 6c6c 2072 6562 6f6f 742e 0a0a 1f0a will reboot.....\n+00037a20: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+00037a30: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 6164 2c20 204e Node: read, N\n+00037a40: 6578 743a 2072 6562 6f6f 742c 2020 5072 ext: reboot, Pr\n+00037a50: 6576 3a20 7264 6d73 722c 2020 5570 3a20 ev: rdmsr, Up: \n+00037a60: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n+00037a70: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3630 2072 mands..17.4.60 r\n+00037a80: 6561 640a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ead.------------\n+00037a90: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2072 .. -- Command: r\n+00037aa0: 6561 6420 5b2d 735d 205b 7661 725d 0a20 ead [-s] [var]. \n+00037ab0: 2020 2020 5265 6164 2061 206c 696e 6520 Read a line \n+00037ac0: 6f66 2069 6e70 7574 2066 726f 6d20 7468 of input from th\n+00037ad0: 6520 7573 6572 2e20 2049 6620 616e 2065 e user. If an e\n+00037ae0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+00037af0: 626c 6520 5641 520a 2020 2020 2069 7320 ble VAR. is \n+00037b00: 6769 7665 6e2c 2073 6574 2074 6861 7420 given, set that \n+00037b10: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+00037b20: 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 able to the line\n+00037b30: 206f 6620 696e 7075 7420 7468 6174 0a20 of input that. \n+00037b40: 2020 2020 7761 7320 7265 6164 2c20 7769 was read, wi\n+00037b50: 7468 206e 6f20 7465 726d 696e 6174 696e th no terminatin\n+00037b60: 6720 6e65 776c 696e 652e 2020 4966 2074 g newline. If t\n+00037b70: 6865 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 20e2 8098 he parameter ...\n+00037b80: 2d73 e280 9920 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7573 -s... is. us\n+00037b90: 6564 2c20 656e 6162 6c65 2073 696c 656e ed, enable silen\n+00037ba0: 7420 6d6f 6465 2077 6865 7265 2069 6e70 t mode where inp\n+00037bb0: 7574 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7072 696e 7465 ut is not printe\n+00037bc0: 6420 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7465 d to the. te\n+00037bd0: 726d 696e 616c 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a rminal.....File:\n+00037be0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00037bf0: 653a 2072 6562 6f6f 742c 2020 4e65 7874 e: reboot, Next\n+00037c00: 3a20 7265 6765 7870 2c20 2050 7265 763a : regexp, Prev:\n+00037c10: 2072 6561 642c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d read, Up: Comm\n+00037c20: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n+00037c30: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3631 2072 6562 6f6f s..17.4.61 reboo\n+00037c40: 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d t.--------------\n+00037c50: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2072 .. -- Command: r\n+00037c60: 6562 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 2052 6562 6f6f eboot. Reboo\n+00037c70: 7420 7468 6520 636f 6d70 7574 6572 2e0a t the computer..\n+00037c80: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+00037c90: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2072 6567 6578 fo, Node: regex\n+00037ca0: 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 726d 6d6f 642c p, Next: rmmod,\n+00037cb0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7265 626f 6f74 2c20 Prev: reboot, \n+00037cc0: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n+00037cd0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n+00037ce0: 2e36 3220 7265 6765 7870 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d .62 regexp.-----\n+00037cf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+00037d00: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7265 6765 7870 205b ommand: regexp [\n+00037d10: 2d2d 7365 7420 5b6e 756d 6265 723a 5d76 --set [number:]v\n+00037d20: 6172 5d20 7265 6765 7870 2073 7472 696e ar] regexp strin\n+00037d30: 670a 2020 2020 2054 6573 7420 6966 2072 g. Test if r\n+00037d40: 6567 756c 6172 2065 7870 7265 7373 696f egular expressio\n+00037d50: 6e20 5245 4745 5850 206d 6174 6368 6573 n REGEXP matches\n+00037d60: 2053 5452 494e 472e 2020 5375 7070 6f72 STRING. Suppor\n+00037d70: 7465 640a 2020 2020 2072 6567 756c 6172 ted. regular\n+00037d80: 2065 7870 7265 7373 696f 6e73 2061 7265 expressions are\n+00037d90: 2050 4f53 4958 2e32 2045 7874 656e 6465 POSIX.2 Extende\n+00037da0: 6420 5265 6775 6c61 7220 4578 7072 6573 d Regular Expres\n+00037db0: 7369 6f6e 732e 2020 4966 0a20 2020 2020 sions. If. \n+00037dc0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d 7365 74e2 option ...--set.\n+00037dd0: 8099 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2073 746f .. is given, sto\n+00037de0: 7265 204e 554d 4245 5274 6820 6d61 7463 re NUMBERth matc\n+00037df0: 6865 6420 7375 6265 7870 7265 7373 696f hed subexpressio\n+00037e00: 6e20 696e 0a20 2020 2020 7661 7269 6162 n in. variab\n+00037e10: 6c65 2056 4152 2e20 2053 7562 6578 7072 le VAR. Subexpr\n+00037e20: 6573 7369 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 6e75 6d62 essions are numb\n+00037e30: 6572 6564 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 6f66 ered in order of\n+00037e40: 2074 6865 6972 0a20 2020 2020 6f70 656e their. open\n+00037e50: 696e 6720 7061 7265 6e74 6865 7365 7320 ing parentheses \n+00037e60: 7374 6172 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 e280 starting from ..\n+00037e70: 9831 e280 992e 2020 4e55 4d42 4552 2064 .1.... NUMBER d\n+00037e80: 6566 6175 6c74 7320 746f 20e2 8098 31e2 efaults to ...1.\n+00037e90: 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 .......File: gru\n+00037ea0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2072 b.info, Node: r\n+00037eb0: 6d6d 6f64 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 6176 mmod, Next: sav\n+00037ec0: 655f 656e 762c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7265 e_env, Prev: re\n+00037ed0: 6765 7870 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 gexp, Up: Comma\n+00037ee0: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n+00037ef0: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 3320 726d 6d6f 640a ..17.4.63 rmmod.\n+00037f00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n+00037f10: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 726d 6d6f -- Command: rmmo\n+00037f20: 6420 6d6f 6475 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 5265 d module. Re\n+00037f30: 6d6f 7665 2061 206c 6f61 6465 6420 4d4f move a loaded MO\n+00037f40: 4455 4c45 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 DULE.....File: g\n+00037f50: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00037f60: 2073 6176 655f 656e 762c 2020 4e65 7874 save_env, Next\n+00037f70: 3a20 7365 6172 6368 2c20 2050 7265 763a : search, Prev:\n+00037f80: 2072 6d6d 6f64 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d rmmod, Up: Com\n+00037f90: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+00037fa0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 3420 7361 7665 ds..17.4.64 save\n+00037fb0: 5f65 6e76 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _env.-----------\n+00037fc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n+00037fd0: 6e64 3a20 7361 7665 5f65 6e76 205b 2d2d nd: save_env [--\n+00037fe0: 6669 6c65 2066 696c 655d 2076 6172 202e file file] var .\n+00037ff0: 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 5361 7665 2074 6865 ... Save the\n+00038000: 206e 616d 6564 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 named variables\n+00038010: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 656e 7669 726f from the enviro\n+00038020: 6e6d 656e 7420 746f 2074 6865 2065 6e76 nment to the env\n+00038030: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 626c ironment. bl\n+00038040: 6f63 6b20 6669 6c65 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 ock file. *Note\n+00038050: 2045 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f Environment blo\n+00038060: 636b 3a3a 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 ck::... The \n+00038070: e280 982d 2d66 696c 65e2 8099 206f 7074 ...--file... opt\n+00038080: 696f 6e20 6f76 6572 7269 6465 7320 7468 ion overrides th\n+00038090: 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6c6f 6361 7469 e default locati\n+000380a0: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2065 on of the. e\n+000380b0: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2062 6c6f 636b nvironment block\n+000380c0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d ... This com\n+000380d0: 6d61 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 6f70 6572 6174 mand will operat\n+000380e0: 6520 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2065 e successfully e\n+000380f0: 7665 6e20 7768 656e 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e ven when environ\n+00038100: 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 7661 7269 6162 ment. variab\n+00038110: 6c65 20e2 8098 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e le ...check_sign\n+00038120: 6174 7572 6573 e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 atures... is set\n+00038130: 2074 6f20 e280 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 to ...enforce..\n+00038140: 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 6368 . (*note. ch\n+00038150: 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a eck_signatures::\n+00038160: 292c 2073 696e 6365 2069 7420 7772 6974 ), since it writ\n+00038170: 6573 2074 6f20 6469 736b 2061 6e64 2064 es to disk and d\n+00038180: 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 616c 7465 7220 7468 oes not alter th\n+00038190: 650a 2020 2020 2062 6568 6176 696f 7220 e. behavior \n+000381a0: 6f66 2047 5255 4220 6261 7365 6420 6f6e of GRUB based on\n+000381b0: 2061 6e79 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 any contents of\n+000381c0: 2064 6973 6b20 7468 6174 2068 6176 6520 disk that have \n+000381d0: 6265 656e 2072 6561 642e 0a20 2020 2020 been read.. \n+000381e0: 4974 2069 7320 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2074 It is possible t\n+000381f0: 6f20 6d6f 6469 6679 2061 2064 6967 6974 o modify a digit\n+00038200: 616c 6c79 2073 6967 6e65 6420 656e 7669 ally signed envi\n+00038210: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c 6f63 6b20 6669 ronment block fi\n+00038220: 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 6672 6f6d 2077 6974 le. from wit\n+00038230: 6869 6e20 4752 5542 2075 7369 6e67 2074 hin GRUB using t\n+00038240: 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 642c 2073 7563 his command, suc\n+00038250: 6820 7468 6174 2069 7473 2073 6967 6e61 h that its signa\n+00038260: 7475 7265 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 206e ture will. n\n+00038270: 6f20 6c6f 6e67 6572 2062 6520 7661 6c69 o longer be vali\n+00038280: 6420 6f6e 2073 7562 7365 7175 656e 7420 d on subsequent \n+00038290: 626f 6f74 732e 2020 4361 7265 2073 686f boots. Care sho\n+000382a0: 756c 6420 6265 2074 616b 656e 2069 6e0a uld be taken in.\n+000382b0: 2020 2020 2073 7563 6820 6164 7661 6e63 such advanc\n+000382c0: 6564 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e ed configuration\n+000382d0: 7320 746f 2061 766f 6964 2072 656e 6465 s to avoid rende\n+000382e0: 7269 6e67 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d0a ring the system.\n+000382f0: 2020 2020 2075 6e62 6f6f 7461 626c 652e unbootable.\n+00038300: 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5573 696e 6720 6469 *Note Using di\n+00038310: 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 gital signatures\n+00038320: 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 0a20 2020 ::, for more. \n+00038330: 2020 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a information...\n+00038340: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+00038350: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7365 6172 6368 o, Node: search\n+00038360: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2073 656e 646b 6579 , Next: sendkey\n+00038370: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 6176 655f 656e , Prev: save_en\n+00038380: 762c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d v, Up: Command-\n+00038390: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 line commands..1\n+000383a0: 372e 342e 3635 2073 6561 7263 680a 2d2d 7.4.65 search.--\n+000383b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+000383c0: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 6561 7263 - Command: searc\n+000383d0: 6820 5b2d 2d66 696c 657c 2d2d 6c61 6265 h [--file|--labe\n+000383e0: 6c7c 2d2d 6673 2d75 7569 645d 205b 2d2d l|--fs-uuid] [--\n+000383f0: 7365 7420 5b76 6172 5d5d 0a20 2020 2020 set [var]]. \n+00038400: 2020 2020 205b 2d2d 6e6f 2d66 6c6f 7070 [--no-flopp\n+00038410: 797c 2d2d 6566 6964 6973 6b2d 6f6e 6c79 y|--efidisk-only\n+00038420: 5d20 6e61 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 5365 6172 ] name. Sear\n+00038430: 6368 2064 6576 6963 6573 2062 7920 6669 ch devices by fi\n+00038440: 6c65 2028 e280 982d 66e2 8099 2c20 e280 le (...-f..., ..\n+00038450: 982d 2d66 696c 65e2 8099 292c 2066 696c .--file...), fil\n+00038460: 6573 7973 7465 6d20 6c61 6265 6c20 28e2 esystem label (.\n+00038470: 8098 2d6c e280 992c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 ..-l...,. ..\n+00038480: 982d 2d6c 6162 656c e280 9929 2c20 6f72 .--label...), or\n+00038490: 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 5555 4944 filesystem UUID\n+000384a0: 2028 e280 982d 75e2 8099 2c20 e280 982d (...-u..., ...-\n+000384b0: 2d66 732d 7575 6964 e280 9929 2e0a 0a20 -fs-uuid...)... \n+000384c0: 2020 2020 4966 2074 6865 2028 e280 982d If the (...-\n+000384d0: 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 982d 2d73 6574 e280 s..., ...--set..\n+000384e0: 9929 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6973 2075 7365 .) option is use\n+000384f0: 642c 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2064 6576 d, the first dev\n+00038500: 6963 6520 666f 756e 6420 6973 0a20 2020 ice found is. \n+00038510: 2020 7365 7420 6173 2074 6865 2076 616c set as the val\n+00038520: 7565 206f 6620 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ue of environmen\n+00038530: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2056 4152 2e20 t variable VAR. \n+00038540: 2054 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2076 6172 The default var\n+00038550: 6961 626c 650a 2020 2020 2069 7320 e280 iable. is ..\n+00038560: 9872 6f6f 74e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 .root...... \n+00038570: 5468 6520 28e2 8098 2d6e e280 992c 20e2 The (...-n..., .\n+00038580: 8098 2d2d 6e6f 2d66 6c6f 7070 79e2 8099 ..--no-floppy...\n+00038590: 2920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2070 7265 7665 6e74 ) option prevent\n+000385a0: 7320 7365 6172 6368 696e 6720 666c 6f70 s searching flop\n+000385b0: 7079 2064 6576 6963 6573 2c0a 2020 2020 py devices,. \n+000385c0: 2077 6869 6368 2063 616e 2062 6520 736c which can be sl\n+000385d0: 6f77 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 28e2 ow... The (.\n+000385e0: 8098 2d2d 6566 6964 6973 6b2d 6f6e 6c79 ..--efidisk-only\n+000385f0: e280 9929 206f 7074 696f 6e20 7072 6576 ...) option prev\n+00038600: 656e 7473 2073 6561 7263 6869 6e67 2061 ents searching a\n+00038610: 6e79 206f 7468 6572 2064 6576 6963 6573 ny other devices\n+00038620: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 656e 2045 4649 2064 . then EFI d\n+00038630: 6973 6b73 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2074 isks. This is t\n+00038640: 7970 6963 616c 6c79 2075 7365 6420 7768 ypically used wh\n+00038650: 656e 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 en chainloading \n+00038660: 746f 206c 6f63 616c 0a20 2020 2020 4546 to local. EF\n+00038670: 4920 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 I partition... \n+00038680: 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 The ...search\n+00038690: 2e66 696c 65e2 8099 2c20 e280 9873 6561 .file..., ...sea\n+000386a0: 7263 682e 6673 5f6c 6162 656c e280 992c rch.fs_label...,\n+000386b0: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 2e66 and ...search.f\n+000386c0: 735f 7575 6964 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e s_uuid... comman\n+000386d0: 6473 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6520 616c 6961 ds. are alia\n+000386e0: 7365 7320 666f 7220 e280 9873 6561 7263 ses for ...searc\n+000386f0: 6820 2d2d 6669 6c65 e280 992c 20e2 8098 h --file..., ...\n+00038700: 7365 6172 6368 202d 2d6c 6162 656c e280 search --label..\n+00038710: 992c 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 ., and ...search\n+00038720: 0a20 2020 2020 2d2d 6673 2d75 7569 64e2 . --fs-uuid.\n+00038730: 8099 2072 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c 792e .. respectively.\n+00038740: 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 6c73 6f20 6869 6e74 .. Also hint\n+00038750: 7320 6173 2074 6f20 7768 6963 6820 6465 s as to which de\n+00038760: 7669 6365 206d 6179 2062 6520 7468 6520 vice may be the \n+00038770: 6d6f 7374 206c 696b 656c 7920 746f 2063 most likely to c\n+00038780: 6f6e 7461 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ontain the. \n+00038790: 6974 656d 2073 6561 7263 6865 6420 666f item searched fo\n+000387a0: 7220 6d61 7920 6265 2067 6976 656e 2076 r may be given v\n+000387b0: 6961 2074 6865 2028 e280 982d 68e2 8099 ia the (...-h...\n+000387c0: 2c20 e280 982d 2d68 696e 74e2 8099 2920 , ...--hint...) \n+000387d0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 680a 2020 2020 option with. \n+000387e0: 2061 2064 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2061 a device name a\n+000387f0: 7320 616e 2061 7267 756d 656e 742e 2020 s an argument. \n+00038800: 4966 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 If the argument \n+00038810: 656e 6473 2077 6974 6820 6120 636f 6d6d ends with a comm\n+00038820: 612c 0a20 2020 2020 7468 656e 2070 6172 a,. then par\n+00038830: 7469 7469 6f6e 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2064 titions on the d\n+00038840: 6576 6963 6520 6172 6520 616c 736f 2073 evice are also s\n+00038850: 6561 7263 6865 642e 2020 4675 7274 6865 earched. Furthe\n+00038860: 726d 6f72 652c 0a20 2020 2020 706c 6174 rmore,. plat\n+00038870: 666f 726d 2073 7065 6369 6669 6320 6869 form specific hi\n+00038880: 6e74 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2067 6976 656e nts may be given\n+00038890: 2076 6961 2074 6865 206f 7074 696f 6e73 via the options\n+000388a0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d 2d68 696e 742d . ...--hint-\n+000388b0: 6965 6565 3132 3735 e280 992c 20e2 8098 ieee1275..., ...\n+000388c0: 2d2d 6869 6e74 2d62 696f 73e2 8099 2c20 --hint-bios..., \n+000388d0: e280 982d 2d68 696e 742d 6261 7265 6d65 ...--hint-bareme\n+000388e0: 7461 6ce2 8099 2c20 e280 982d 2d68 696e tal..., ...--hin\n+000388f0: 742d 6566 69e2 8099 2c0a 2020 2020 2061 t-efi...,. a\n+00038900: 6e64 20e2 8098 2d2d 6869 6e74 2d61 7263 nd ...--hint-arc\n+00038910: e280 992e 2020 5768 656e 2073 7065 6369 .... When speci\n+00038920: 6669 6564 2c20 7468 6573 6520 6f70 7469 fied, these opti\n+00038930: 6f6e 7320 7461 6b65 2061 6e20 6172 6775 ons take an argu\n+00038940: 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 6f70 ment. and op\n+00038950: 6572 6174 6520 6c69 6b65 20e2 8098 2d2d erate like ...--\n+00038960: 6869 6e74 e280 992c 2062 7574 206f 6e6c hint..., but onl\n+00038970: 7920 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 7065 6369 6669 y on the specifi\n+00038980: 6564 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2e 0a0a 1f0a ed platform.....\n+00038990: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+000389a0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7365 6e64 6b65 792c Node: sendkey,\n+000389b0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7365 742c 2020 5072 Next: set, Pr\n+000389c0: 6576 3a20 7365 6172 6368 2c20 2055 703a ev: search, Up:\n+000389d0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+000389e0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e36 3620 mmands..17.4.66 \n+000389f0: 7365 6e64 6b65 790a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d sendkey.--------\n+00038a00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+00038a10: 6d61 6e64 3a20 7365 6e64 6b65 790a 2020 mand: sendkey. \n+00038a20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b2d 2d6e 756d 7c2d [--num|-\n+00038a30: 2d63 6170 737c 2d2d 7363 726f 6c6c 7c2d -caps|--scroll|-\n+00038a40: 2d69 6e73 6572 747c 2d2d 7061 7573 657c -insert|--pause|\n+00038a50: 2d2d 6c65 6674 2d73 6869 6674 7c2d 2d72 --left-shift|--r\n+00038a60: 6967 6874 2d73 6869 6674 7c2d 2d73 7973 ight-shift|--sys\n+00038a70: 7271 7c2d 2d6e 756d 6b65 797c 2d2d 6361 rq|--numkey|--ca\n+00038a80: 7073 6b65 797c 2d2d 7363 726f 6c6c 6b65 pskey|--scrollke\n+00038a90: 797c 2d2d 696e 7365 7274 6b65 797c 2d2d y|--insertkey|--\n+00038aa0: 6c65 6674 2d61 6c74 7c2d 2d72 6967 6874 left-alt|--right\n+00038ab0: 2d61 6c74 7c2d 2d6c 6566 742d 6374 726c -alt|--left-ctrl\n+00038ac0: 7c2d 2d72 6967 6874 2d63 7472 6c0a 2020 |--right-ctrl. \n+00038ad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6f6e 7c6f 6666 5d2e on|off].\n+00038ae0: 2e2e 205b 6e6f 2d6c 6564 5d20 6b65 7973 .. [no-led] keys\n+00038af0: 7472 6f6b 650a 2020 2020 2049 6e73 6572 troke. Inser\n+00038b00: 7420 6b65 7973 7472 6f6b 6573 2069 6e74 t keystrokes int\n+00038b10: 6f20 7468 6520 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2062 o the keyboard b\n+00038b20: 7566 6665 7220 7768 656e 2062 6f6f 7469 uffer when booti\n+00038b30: 6e67 2e20 2053 6f6d 6574 696d 6573 0a20 ng. Sometimes. \n+00038b40: 2020 2020 616e 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 an operating\n+00038b50: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6f72 2063 6861 696e system or chain\n+00038b60: 6c6f 6164 6564 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 loaded boot load\n+00038b70: 6572 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 7061 7274 er requires part\n+00038b80: 6963 756c 6172 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 7973 icular. keys\n+00038b90: 2074 6f20 6265 2070 7265 7373 6564 3a20 to be pressed: \n+00038ba0: 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 206f 6e65 for example, one\n+00038bb0: 206d 6967 6874 206e 6565 6420 746f 2070 might need to p\n+00038bc0: 7265 7373 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7274 ress a. part\n+00038bd0: 6963 756c 6172 206b 6579 2074 6f20 656e icular key to en\n+00038be0: 7465 7220 2273 6166 6520 6d6f 6465 222c ter \"safe mode\",\n+00038bf0: 206f 7220 7768 656e 2063 6861 696e 6c6f or when chainlo\n+00038c00: 6164 696e 6720 616e 6f74 6865 720a 2020 ading another. \n+00038c10: 2020 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 206f boot loader o\n+00038c20: 6e65 206d 6967 6874 2073 656e 6420 6b65 ne might send ke\n+00038c30: 7973 7472 6f6b 6573 2074 6f20 6974 2074 ystrokes to it t\n+00038c40: 6f20 6e61 7669 6761 7465 2069 7473 206d o navigate its m\n+00038c50: 656e 752e 0a0a 2020 2020 204e 6f74 653a enu... Note:\n+00038c60: 2054 6869 7320 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 This command is\n+00038c70: 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 206f 6e6c 7920 currently only \n+00038c80: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 available on the\n+00038c90: 2069 3338 362d 7063 0a20 2020 2020 7461 i386-pc. ta\n+00038ca0: 7267 6574 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 596f 7520 rget... You \n+00038cb0: 6d61 7920 7072 6f76 6964 6520 7570 2074 may provide up t\n+00038cc0: 6f20 3136 206b 6579 7374 726f 6b65 7320 o 16 keystrokes \n+00038cd0: 2874 6865 206c 656e 6774 6820 6f66 2074 (the length of t\n+00038ce0: 6865 2042 494f 530a 2020 2020 206b 6579 he BIOS. key\n+00038cf0: 626f 6172 6420 6275 6666 6572 292e 2020 board buffer). \n+00038d00: 4b65 7973 7472 6f6b 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 Keystroke names \n+00038d10: 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7070 6572 2d63 6173 may be upper-cas\n+00038d20: 6520 6f72 206c 6f77 6572 2d63 6173 650a e or lower-case.\n+00038d30: 2020 2020 206c 6574 7465 7273 2c20 6469 letters, di\n+00038d40: 6769 7473 2c20 6f72 2074 616b 656e 2066 gits, or taken f\n+00038d50: 726f 6d20 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e rom the followin\n+00038d60: 6720 7461 626c 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 204e g table:.. N\n+00038d70: 616d 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ame \n+00038d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204b 6579 Key\n+00038d90: 0a20 2020 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d . ----------\n 00038da0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 00038db0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 00038dc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00038dd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 2020 2020 2065 7363 6170 -----. escap\n-00038de0: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e \n-00038df0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 7363 6170 650a Escape.\n-00038e00: 2020 2020 2065 7863 6c61 6d20 2020 2020 exclam \n+00038dd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 2020 2020 2065 ---------. e\n+00038de0: 7363 6170 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 scape \n+00038df0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 7363 Esc\n+00038e00: 6170 650a 2020 2020 2065 7863 6c61 6d20 ape. exclam \n 00038e10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00038e20: 2020 2021 0a20 2020 2020 6174 2020 2020 !. at \n+00038e20: 2020 2020 2020 2021 0a20 2020 2020 6174 !. at\n 00038e30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00038e40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 400a 2020 2020 206e @. n\n-00038e50: 756d 6265 7273 6967 6e20 2020 2020 2020 umbersign \n-00038e60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2023 0a20 #. \n-00038e70: 2020 2020 646f 6c6c 6172 2020 2020 2020 dollar \n+00038e40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 400a 2020 @. \n+00038e50: 2020 206e 756d 6265 7273 6967 6e20 2020 numbersign \n+00038e60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00038e70: 2023 0a20 2020 2020 646f 6c6c 6172 2020 #. dollar \n 00038e80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00038e90: 2020 240a 2020 2020 2070 6572 6365 6e74 $. percent\n-00038ea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00038eb0: 2020 2020 2020 2025 0a20 2020 2020 6361 %. ca\n-00038ec0: 7265 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ret \n-00038ed0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5e0a 2020 ^. \n-00038ee0: 2020 2061 6d70 6572 7361 6e64 2020 2020 ampersand \n+00038e90: 2020 2020 2020 240a 2020 2020 2070 6572 $. per\n+00038ea0: 6365 6e74 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 cent \n+00038eb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2025 0a20 2020 %. \n+00038ec0: 2020 6361 7265 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 caret \n+00038ed0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00038ee0: 5e0a 2020 2020 2061 6d70 6572 7361 6e64 ^. ampersand\n 00038ef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00038f00: 2026 0a20 2020 2020 6173 7465 7269 736b &. asterisk\n-00038f10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00038f20: 2020 2020 2020 2a0a 2020 2020 2070 6172 *. par\n-00038f30: 656e 6c65 6674 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 enleft \n-00038f40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 0a20 2020 (. \n-00038f50: 2020 7061 7265 6e72 6967 6874 2020 2020 parenright \n+00038f00: 2020 2020 2026 0a20 2020 2020 6173 7465 &. aste\n+00038f10: 7269 736b 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 risk \n+00038f20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2a0a 2020 2020 *. \n+00038f30: 2070 6172 656e 6c65 6674 2020 2020 2020 parenleft \n+00038f40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n+00038f50: 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7265 6e72 6967 6874 . parenright\n 00038f60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00038f70: 290a 2020 2020 206d 696e 7573 2020 2020 ). minus \n+00038f70: 2020 2020 290a 2020 2020 206d 696e 7573 ). minus\n 00038f80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00038f90: 2020 2020 202d 0a20 2020 2020 756e 6465 -. unde\n-00038fa0: 7273 636f 7265 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rscore \n-00038fb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5f0a 2020 2020 _. \n-00038fc0: 2065 7175 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 equal \n-00038fd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203d =\n-00038fe0: 0a20 2020 2020 706c 7573 2020 2020 2020 . plus \n+00038f90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 202d 0a20 2020 2020 -. \n+00038fa0: 756e 6465 7273 636f 7265 2020 2020 2020 underscore \n+00038fb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5f0a _.\n+00038fc0: 2020 2020 2065 7175 616c 2020 2020 2020 equal \n+00038fd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00038fe0: 2020 203d 0a20 2020 2020 706c 7573 2020 =. plus \n 00038ff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039000: 2020 2020 2b0a 2020 2020 2062 6163 6b73 +. backs\n-00039010: 7061 6365 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 pace \n-00039020: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2042 6163 6b73 7061 Backspa\n-00039030: 6365 0a20 2020 2020 7461 6220 2020 2020 ce. tab \n+00039000: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2b0a 2020 2020 2062 +. b\n+00039010: 6163 6b73 7061 6365 2020 2020 2020 2020 ackspace \n+00039020: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2042 6163 Bac\n+00039030: 6b73 7061 6365 0a20 2020 2020 7461 6220 kspace. tab \n 00039040: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039050: 2020 2020 2020 5461 620a 2020 2020 2062 Tab. b\n-00039060: 7261 636b 6574 6c65 6674 2020 2020 2020 racketleft \n-00039070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 205b 0a20 [. \n-00039080: 2020 2020 6272 6163 656c 6566 7420 2020 braceleft \n-00039090: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000390a0: 2020 7b0a 2020 2020 2062 7261 636b 6574 {. bracket\n-000390b0: 7269 6768 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 right \n-000390c0: 2020 2020 2020 205d 0a20 2020 2020 6272 ]. br\n-000390d0: 6163 6572 6967 6874 2020 2020 2020 2020 aceright \n-000390e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7d0a 2020 }. \n-000390f0: 2020 2065 6e74 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 enter \n+00039050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5461 620a 2020 Tab. \n+00039060: 2020 2062 7261 636b 6574 6c65 6674 2020 bracketleft \n+00039070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039080: 205b 0a20 2020 2020 6272 6163 656c 6566 [. bracelef\n+00039090: 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t \n+000390a0: 2020 2020 2020 7b0a 2020 2020 2062 7261 {. bra\n+000390b0: 636b 6574 7269 6768 7420 2020 2020 2020 cketright \n+000390c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 205d 0a20 2020 ]. \n+000390d0: 2020 6272 6163 6572 6967 6874 2020 2020 braceright \n+000390e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000390f0: 7d0a 2020 2020 2065 6e74 6572 2020 2020 }. enter \n 00039100: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039110: 2045 6e74 6572 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 Enter. cont\n-00039120: 726f 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rol \n-00039130: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7072 6573 7320 press \n-00039140: 616e 6420 7265 6c65 6173 6520 436f 6e74 and release Cont\n-00039150: 726f 6c0a 2020 2020 2073 656d 6963 6f6c rol. semicol\n-00039160: 6f6e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 on \n-00039170: 2020 2020 2020 203b 0a20 2020 2020 636f ;. co\n-00039180: 6c6f 6e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lon \n-00039190: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3a0a 2020 :. \n-000391a0: 2020 2071 756f 7465 2020 2020 2020 2020 quote \n+00039110: 2020 2020 2045 6e74 6572 0a20 2020 2020 Enter. \n+00039120: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2020 control \n+00039130: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7072 pr\n+00039140: 6573 7320 616e 6420 7265 6c65 6173 6520 ess and release \n+00039150: 436f 6e74 726f 6c0a 2020 2020 2073 656d Control. sem\n+00039160: 6963 6f6c 6f6e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 icolon \n+00039170: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203b 0a20 2020 ;. \n+00039180: 2020 636f 6c6f 6e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 colon \n+00039190: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000391a0: 3a0a 2020 2020 2071 756f 7465 2020 2020 :. quote \n 000391b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000391c0: 2027 0a20 2020 2020 646f 7562 6c65 7175 '. doublequ\n-000391d0: 6f74 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ote \n-000391e0: 2020 2020 2020 220a 2020 2020 2062 6163 \". bac\n-000391f0: 6b71 756f 7465 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 kquote \n-00039200: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2027 0a20 2020 '. \n-00039210: 2020 7469 6c64 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 tilde \n+000391c0: 2020 2020 2027 0a20 2020 2020 646f 7562 '. doub\n+000391d0: 6c65 7175 6f74 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 lequote \n+000391e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 220a 2020 2020 \". \n+000391f0: 2062 6163 6b71 756f 7465 2020 2020 2020 backquote \n+00039200: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2027 '\n+00039210: 0a20 2020 2020 7469 6c64 6520 2020 2020 . tilde \n 00039220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039230: 7e0a 2020 2020 2073 6869 6674 2020 2020 ~. shift \n+00039230: 2020 2020 7e0a 2020 2020 2073 6869 6674 ~. shift\n 00039240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039250: 2020 2020 2070 7265 7373 2061 6e64 2072 press and r\n-00039260: 656c 6561 7365 206c 6566 7420 5368 6966 elease left Shif\n-00039270: 740a 2020 2020 2062 6163 6b73 6c61 7368 t. backslash\n-00039280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039290: 2020 2020 205c 0a20 2020 2020 6261 7220 \\. bar \n-000392a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000392b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7c0a 2020 2020 |. \n-000392c0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 comma \n-000392d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202c ,\n-000392e0: 0a20 2020 2020 6c65 7373 2020 2020 2020 . less \n+00039250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 7265 7373 2061 press a\n+00039260: 6e64 2072 656c 6561 7365 206c 6566 7420 nd release left \n+00039270: 5368 6966 740a 2020 2020 2062 6163 6b73 Shift. backs\n+00039280: 6c61 7368 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lash \n+00039290: 2020 2020 2020 2020 205c 0a20 2020 2020 \\. \n+000392a0: 6261 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 bar \n+000392b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7c0a |.\n+000392c0: 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d61 2020 2020 2020 comma \n+000392d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000392e0: 2020 202c 0a20 2020 2020 6c65 7373 2020 ,. less \n 000392f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039300: 2020 2020 3c0a 2020 2020 2070 6572 696f <. perio\n-00039310: 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d \n-00039320: 2020 2020 2020 2020 202e 0a20 2020 2020 .. \n-00039330: 6772 6561 7465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 greater \n-00039340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3e0a >.\n-00039350: 2020 2020 2073 6c61 7368 2020 2020 2020 slash \n+00039300: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3c0a 2020 2020 2070 <. p\n+00039310: 6572 696f 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eriod \n+00039320: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202e 0a20 .. \n+00039330: 2020 2020 6772 6561 7465 7220 2020 2020 greater \n+00039340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039350: 2020 3e0a 2020 2020 2073 6c61 7368 2020 >. slash \n 00039360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039370: 2020 202f 0a20 2020 2020 7175 6573 7469 /. questi\n-00039380: 6f6e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 on \n-00039390: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 2020 2020 2072 ?. r\n-000393a0: 7368 6966 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 shift \n-000393b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 7265 pre\n-000393c0: 7373 2061 6e64 2072 656c 6561 7365 2072 ss and release r\n-000393d0: 6967 6874 2053 6869 6674 0a20 2020 2020 ight Shift. \n-000393e0: 616c 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 alt \n-000393f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7072 pr\n-00039400: 6573 7320 616e 6420 7265 6c65 6173 6520 ess and release \n-00039410: 416c 740a 2020 2020 2073 7061 6365 2020 Alt. space \n-00039420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039430: 2020 2020 2020 2073 7061 6365 2062 6172 space bar\n-00039440: 0a20 2020 2020 6361 7073 6c6f 636b 2020 . capslock \n-00039450: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039460: 2020 2020 4361 7073 204c 6f63 6b0a 2020 Caps Lock. \n-00039470: 2020 2046 3120 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F1 \n+00039370: 2020 2020 2020 202f 0a20 2020 2020 7175 /. qu\n+00039380: 6573 7469 6f6e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 estion \n+00039390: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 2020 ?. \n+000393a0: 2020 2072 7368 6966 7420 2020 2020 2020 rshift \n+000393b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000393c0: 2070 7265 7373 2061 6e64 2072 656c 6561 press and relea\n+000393d0: 7365 2072 6967 6874 2053 6869 6674 0a20 se right Shift. \n+000393e0: 2020 2020 616c 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 alt \n+000393f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039400: 2020 7072 6573 7320 616e 6420 7265 6c65 press and rele\n+00039410: 6173 6520 416c 740a 2020 2020 2073 7061 ase Alt. spa\n+00039420: 6365 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ce \n+00039430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7061 6365 space\n+00039440: 2062 6172 0a20 2020 2020 6361 7073 6c6f bar. capslo\n+00039450: 636b 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ck \n+00039460: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4361 7073 204c 6f63 Caps Loc\n+00039470: 6b0a 2020 2020 2046 3120 2020 2020 2020 k. F1 \n 00039480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039490: 2046 310a 2020 2020 2046 3220 2020 2020 F1. F2 \n+00039490: 2020 2020 2046 310a 2020 2020 2046 3220 F1. F2 \n 000394a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000394b0: 2020 2020 2020 2046 320a 2020 2020 2046 F2. F\n-000394c0: 3320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3 \n-000394d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 330a F3.\n-000394e0: 2020 2020 2046 3420 2020 2020 2020 2020 F4 \n+000394b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 320a 2020 F2. \n+000394c0: 2020 2046 3320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F3 \n+000394d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000394e0: 2046 330a 2020 2020 2046 3420 2020 2020 F3. F4 \n 000394f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039500: 2020 2046 340a 2020 2020 2046 3520 2020 F4. F5 \n-00039510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 350a 2020 2020 F5. \n-00039530: 2046 3620 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F6 \n-00039540: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 F\n-00039550: 360a 2020 2020 2046 3720 2020 2020 2020 6. F7 \n+00039500: 2020 2020 2020 2046 340a 2020 2020 2046 F4. F\n+00039510: 3520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5 \n+00039520: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 350a F5.\n+00039530: 2020 2020 2046 3620 2020 2020 2020 2020 F6 \n+00039540: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039550: 2020 2046 360a 2020 2020 2046 3720 2020 F6. F7 \n 00039560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039570: 2020 2020 2046 370a 2020 2020 2046 3820 F7. F8 \n-00039580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 380a 2020 F8. \n-000395a0: 2020 2046 3920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F9 \n+00039570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 370a 2020 2020 F7. \n+00039580: 2046 3820 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F8 \n+00039590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 F\n+000395a0: 380a 2020 2020 2046 3920 2020 2020 2020 8. F9 \n 000395b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000395c0: 2046 390a 2020 2020 2046 3130 2020 2020 F9. F10 \n+000395c0: 2020 2020 2046 390a 2020 2020 2046 3130 F9. F10\n 000395d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000395e0: 2020 2020 2020 2046 3130 0a20 2020 2020 F10. \n-000395f0: 4631 3120 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 F11 \n-00039600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4631 F1\n-00039610: 310a 2020 2020 2046 3132 2020 2020 2020 1. F12 \n+000395e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 3130 0a20 F10. \n+000395f0: 2020 2020 4631 3120 2020 2020 2020 2020 F11 \n+00039600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039610: 2020 4631 310a 2020 2020 2046 3132 2020 F11. F12 \n 00039620: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039630: 2020 2020 2046 3132 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 F12. nu\n-00039640: 6d31 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 m1 \n-00039650: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3120 286e 1 (n\n-00039660: 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 umeric keypad). \n-00039670: 2020 2020 6e75 6d32 2020 2020 2020 2020 num2 \n+00039630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2046 3132 0a20 2020 F12. \n+00039640: 2020 6e75 6d31 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 num1 \n+00039650: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039660: 3120 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 1 (numeric keypa\n+00039670: 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d32 2020 2020 d). num2 \n 00039680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039690: 2020 3220 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 2 (numeric key\n-000396a0: 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d33 2020 pad). num3 \n-000396b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000396c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3320 286e 756d 6572 3 (numer\n-000396d0: 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 ic keypad). \n-000396e0: 6e75 6d34 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 num4 \n-000396f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3420 4 \n-00039700: 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 (numeric keypad)\n-00039710: 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d35 2020 2020 2020 . num5 \n+00039690: 2020 2020 2020 3220 286e 756d 6572 6963 2 (numeric\n+000396a0: 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 keypad). nu\n+000396b0: 6d33 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 m3 \n+000396c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3320 286e 3 (n\n+000396d0: 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 umeric keypad). \n+000396e0: 2020 2020 6e75 6d34 2020 2020 2020 2020 num4 \n+000396f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039700: 2020 3420 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 4 (numeric key\n+00039710: 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d35 2020 pad). num5 \n 00039720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039730: 2020 2020 3520 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 5 (numeric k\n-00039740: 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d36 eypad). num6\n-00039750: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3620 286e 756d 6 (num\n-00039770: 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 eric keypad). \n-00039780: 2020 6e75 6d37 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 num7 \n+00039730: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3520 286e 756d 6572 5 (numer\n+00039740: 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 ic keypad). \n+00039750: 6e75 6d36 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 num6 \n+00039760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3620 6 \n+00039770: 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 (numeric keypad)\n+00039780: 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d37 2020 2020 2020 . num7 \n 00039790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000397a0: 3720 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 7 (numeric keypa\n-000397b0: 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d38 2020 2020 d). num8 \n+000397a0: 2020 2020 3720 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 7 (numeric k\n+000397b0: 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d38 eypad). num8\n 000397c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000397d0: 2020 2020 2020 3820 286e 756d 6572 6963 8 (numeric\n-000397e0: 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 keypad). nu\n-000397f0: 6d39 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 m9 \n-00039800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3920 286e 9 (n\n-00039810: 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 umeric keypad). \n-00039820: 2020 2020 6e75 6d30 2020 2020 2020 2020 num0 \n+000397d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3820 286e 756d 8 (num\n+000397e0: 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 eric keypad). \n+000397f0: 2020 6e75 6d39 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 num9 \n+00039800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039810: 3920 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 9 (numeric keypa\n+00039820: 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d30 2020 2020 d). num0 \n 00039830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039840: 2020 3020 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 0 (numeric key\n-00039850: 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d70 6572 pad). numper\n-00039860: 696f 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 iod \n-00039870: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2e20 2028 6e75 6d65 . (nume\n-00039880: 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 ric keypad). \n-00039890: 206e 756d 656e 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 numend \n-000398a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 E\n-000398b0: 6e64 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 nd (numeric keyp\n-000398c0: 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 646f 776e ad). numdown\n-000398d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000398e0: 2020 2020 2020 2044 6f77 6e20 286e 756d Down (num\n-000398f0: 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 eric keypad). \n-00039900: 2020 6e75 6d70 6764 6f77 6e20 2020 2020 numpgdown \n+00039840: 2020 2020 2020 3020 286e 756d 6572 6963 0 (numeric\n+00039850: 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 keypad). nu\n+00039860: 6d70 6572 696f 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 mperiod \n+00039870: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2e20 2028 . (\n+00039880: 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a numeric keypad).\n+00039890: 2020 2020 206e 756d 656e 6420 2020 2020 numend \n+000398a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000398b0: 2020 2045 6e64 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 End (numeric \n+000398c0: 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d keypad). num\n+000398d0: 646f 776e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 down \n+000398e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 6f77 6e20 Down \n+000398f0: 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 (numeric keypad)\n+00039900: 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d70 6764 6f77 6e20 . numpgdown \n 00039910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039920: 5061 6765 2044 6f77 6e20 286e 756d 6572 Page Down (numer\n-00039930: 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 ic keypad). \n-00039940: 6e75 6d6c 6566 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 numleft \n-00039950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c65 Le\n-00039960: 6674 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 ft (numeric keyp\n-00039970: 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 6365 6e74 ad). numcent\n-00039980: 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 er \n-00039990: 2020 2020 2020 2035 2077 6974 6820 4e75 5 with Nu\n-000399a0: 6d20 4c6f 636b 2069 6e61 6374 6976 6520 m Lock inactive \n-000399b0: 286e 756d 6572 6963 0a20 2020 2020 2020 (numeric. \n+00039920: 2020 2020 5061 6765 2044 6f77 6e20 286e Page Down (n\n+00039930: 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 umeric keypad). \n+00039940: 2020 2020 6e75 6d6c 6566 7420 2020 2020 numleft \n+00039950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039960: 2020 4c65 6674 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 Left (numeric \n+00039970: 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d keypad). num\n+00039980: 6365 6e74 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 center \n+00039990: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2035 2077 6974 5 wit\n+000399a0: 6820 4e75 6d20 4c6f 636b 2069 6e61 6374 h Num Lock inact\n+000399b0: 6976 6520 286e 756d 6572 6963 0a20 2020 ive (numeric. \n 000399c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000399d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6b65 7970 keyp\n-000399e0: 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 7269 6768 ad). numrigh\n-000399f0: 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t \n-00039a00: 2020 2020 2020 2052 6967 6874 2028 6e75 Right (nu\n-00039a10: 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 meric keypad). \n-00039a20: 2020 206e 756d 686f 6d65 2020 2020 2020 numhome \n+000399d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000399e0: 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d keypad). num\n+000399f0: 7269 6768 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 right \n+00039a00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2052 6967 6874 Right\n+00039a10: 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 (numeric keypad\n+00039a20: 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 686f 6d65 2020 ). numhome \n 00039a30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039a40: 2048 6f6d 6520 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b Home (numeric k\n-00039a50: 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d75 eypad). numu\n-00039a60: 7020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 p \n-00039a70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5570 2028 6e75 Up (nu\n-00039a80: 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 meric keypad). \n-00039a90: 2020 206e 756d 7067 7570 2020 2020 2020 numpgup \n+00039a40: 2020 2020 2048 6f6d 6520 286e 756d 6572 Home (numer\n+00039a50: 6963 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 ic keypad). \n+00039a60: 6e75 6d75 7020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 numup \n+00039a70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5570 Up\n+00039a80: 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 (numeric keypad\n+00039a90: 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 7067 7570 2020 ). numpgup \n 00039aa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039ab0: 2050 6167 6520 5570 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 Page Up (numeri\n-00039ac0: 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e c keypad). n\n-00039ad0: 756d 696e 7365 7274 2020 2020 2020 2020 uminsert \n-00039ae0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 6e73 Ins\n-00039af0: 6572 7420 286e 756d 6572 6963 206b 6579 ert (numeric key\n-00039b00: 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 6d64 656c pad). numdel\n-00039b10: 6574 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ete \n-00039b20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4465 6c65 7465 2028 Delete (\n-00039b30: 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a numeric keypad).\n-00039b40: 2020 2020 206e 756d 6173 7465 7269 736b numasterisk\n-00039b50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039b60: 2020 202a 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 * (numeric ke\n-00039b70: 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 6d69 ypad). nummi\n-00039b80: 6e75 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nus \n-00039b90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 202d 2028 6e75 6d65 - (nume\n-00039ba0: 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 ric keypad). \n-00039bb0: 206e 756d 706c 7573 2020 2020 2020 2020 numplus \n-00039bc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202b +\n-00039bd0: 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 (numeric keypad\n-00039be0: 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 736c 6173 6820 ). numslash \n-00039bf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039c00: 2020 2020 202f 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 / (numeric \n-00039c10: 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d keypad). num\n-00039c20: 656e 7465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 enter \n-00039c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 6e74 6572 Enter\n-00039c40: 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 (numeric keypad\n-00039c50: 290a 2020 2020 2064 656c 6574 6520 2020 ). delete \n-00039c60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039c70: 2020 2020 2044 656c 6574 650a 2020 2020 Delete. \n-00039c80: 2069 6e73 6572 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 insert \n-00039c90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 I\n-00039ca0: 6e73 6572 740a 2020 2020 2068 6f6d 6520 nsert. home \n-00039cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039cc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2048 6f6d 650a 2020 Home. \n-00039cd0: 2020 2065 6e64 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 end \n+00039ab0: 2020 2020 2050 6167 6520 5570 2028 6e75 Page Up (nu\n+00039ac0: 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 meric keypad). \n+00039ad0: 2020 206e 756d 696e 7365 7274 2020 2020 numinsert \n+00039ae0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039af0: 2049 6e73 6572 7420 286e 756d 6572 6963 Insert (numeric\n+00039b00: 206b 6579 7061 6429 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 keypad). nu\n+00039b10: 6d64 656c 6574 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 mdelete \n+00039b20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4465 6c65 Dele\n+00039b30: 7465 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 te (numeric keyp\n+00039b40: 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 6173 7465 ad). numaste\n+00039b50: 7269 736b 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 risk \n+00039b60: 2020 2020 2020 202a 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 * (numeri\n+00039b70: 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e c keypad). n\n+00039b80: 756d 6d69 6e75 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 umminus \n+00039b90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 202d 2028 - (\n+00039ba0: 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a numeric keypad).\n+00039bb0: 2020 2020 206e 756d 706c 7573 2020 2020 numplus \n+00039bc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039bd0: 2020 202b 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 + (numeric ke\n+00039be0: 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 206e 756d 736c ypad). numsl\n+00039bf0: 6173 6820 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ash \n+00039c00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 202f 2028 6e75 6d65 / (nume\n+00039c10: 7269 6320 6b65 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 ric keypad). \n+00039c20: 206e 756d 656e 7465 7220 2020 2020 2020 numenter \n+00039c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 E\n+00039c40: 6e74 6572 2028 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6b65 nter (numeric ke\n+00039c50: 7970 6164 290a 2020 2020 2064 656c 6574 ypad). delet\n+00039c60: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e \n+00039c70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2044 656c 6574 650a Delete.\n+00039c80: 2020 2020 2069 6e73 6572 7420 2020 2020 insert \n+00039c90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039ca0: 2020 2049 6e73 6572 740a 2020 2020 2068 Insert. h\n+00039cb0: 6f6d 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ome \n+00039cc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2048 6f6d Hom\n+00039cd0: 650a 2020 2020 2065 6e64 2020 2020 2020 e. end \n 00039ce0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039cf0: 2045 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7067 646f 776e End. pgdown\n-00039d00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039d10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5061 6765 2044 6f77 Page Dow\n-00039d20: 6e0a 2020 2020 2070 6775 7020 2020 2020 n. pgup \n+00039cf0: 2020 2020 2045 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7067 End. pg\n+00039d00: 646f 776e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 down \n+00039d10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5061 6765 Page\n+00039d20: 2044 6f77 6e0a 2020 2020 2070 6775 7020 Down. pgup \n 00039d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039d40: 2020 2020 2050 6167 6520 5570 0a20 2020 Page Up. \n-00039d50: 2020 646f 776e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 down \n+00039d40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2050 6167 6520 5570 Page Up\n+00039d50: 0a20 2020 2020 646f 776e 2020 2020 2020 . down \n 00039d60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039d70: 446f 776e 0a20 2020 2020 7570 2020 2020 Down. up \n+00039d70: 2020 2020 446f 776e 0a20 2020 2020 7570 Down. up\n 00039d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039d90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5570 0a20 2020 2020 Up. \n-00039da0: 6c65 6674 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 left \n-00039db0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c65 Le\n-00039dc0: 6674 0a20 2020 2020 7269 6768 7420 2020 ft. right \n-00039dd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00039de0: 2020 2020 2020 5269 6768 740a 0a20 2020 Right.. \n-00039df0: 2020 4173 2077 656c 6c20 6173 206b 6579 As well as key\n-00039e00: 7374 726f 6b65 732c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 strokes, the ...\n-00039e10: 7365 6e64 6b65 79e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 sendkey... comma\n-00039e20: 6e64 2074 616b 6573 2076 6172 696f 7573 nd takes various\n-00039e30: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 0a20 2020 2020 7468 options. th\n-00039e40: 6174 2061 6666 6563 7420 7468 6520 4249 at affect the BI\n-00039e50: 4f53 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 7374 6174 OS keyboard stat\n-00039e60: 7573 2066 6c61 6773 2e20 2054 6865 7365 us flags. These\n-00039e70: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2074 616b 6520 616e options take an\n-00039e80: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 986f 6ee2 8099 206f . ...on... o\n-00039e90: 7220 e280 986f 6666 e280 9920 7061 7261 r ...off... para\n-00039ea0: 6d65 7465 722c 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e meter, specifyin\n-00039eb0: 6720 7468 6174 2074 6865 2063 6f72 7265 g that the corre\n-00039ec0: 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 2073 7461 7475 730a sponding status.\n-00039ed0: 2020 2020 2066 6c61 6720 6265 2073 6574 flag be set\n-00039ee0: 206f 7220 756e 7365 743b 206f 6d69 7474 or unset; omitt\n-00039ef0: 696e 6720 7468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 2066 ing the option f\n-00039f00: 6f72 2061 2067 6976 656e 2073 7461 7475 or a given statu\n-00039f10: 7320 666c 6167 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c s flag. will\n-00039f20: 206c 6561 7665 2074 6861 7420 666c 6167 leave that flag\n-00039f30: 2061 7420 6974 7320 696e 6974 6961 6c20 at its initial \n-00039f40: 7374 6174 6520 6174 2062 6f6f 742e 2020 state at boot. \n-00039f50: 5468 6520 e280 982d 2d6e 756d e280 992c The ...--num...,\n-00039f60: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d 2d63 6170 73e2 . ...--caps.\n-00039f70: 8099 2c20 e280 982d 2d73 6372 6f6c 6ce2 .., ...--scroll.\n-00039f80: 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 982d 2d69 6e73 .., and ...--ins\n-00039f90: 6572 74e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2065 ert... options e\n-00039fa0: 6d75 6c61 7465 2073 6574 7469 6e67 2074 mulate setting t\n-00039fb0: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f 7272 6573 706f he. correspo\n-00039fc0: 6e64 696e 6720 6d6f 6465 2c20 7768 696c nding mode, whil\n-00039fd0: 6520 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d6e 756d 6b65 e the ...--numke\n-00039fe0: 79e2 8099 2c20 e280 982d 2d63 6170 736b y..., ...--capsk\n-00039ff0: 6579 e280 992c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d ey...,. ...-\n-0003a000: 2d73 6372 6f6c 6c6b 6579 e280 992c 2061 -scrollkey..., a\n-0003a010: 6e64 20e2 8098 2d2d 696e 7365 7274 6b65 nd ...--insertke\n-0003a020: 79e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2065 6d75 y... options emu\n-0003a030: 6c61 7465 2070 7265 7373 696e 6720 616e late pressing an\n-0003a040: 640a 2020 2020 2068 6f6c 6469 6e67 2074 d. holding t\n-0003a050: 6865 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 he corresponding\n-0003a060: 206b 6579 2e20 2054 6865 206f 7468 6572 key. The other\n-0003a070: 2073 7461 7475 7320 666c 6167 206f 7074 status flag opt\n-0003a080: 696f 6e73 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 7365 ions are. se\n-0003a090: 6c66 2d65 7870 6c61 6e61 746f 7279 2e0a lf-explanatory..\n-0003a0a0: 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6865 20e2 8098 . If the ...\n-0003a0b0: 2d2d 6e6f 2d6c 6564 e280 9920 6f70 7469 --no-led... opti\n-0003a0c0: 6f6e 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2074 6865 on is given, the\n-0003a0d0: 2073 7461 7475 7320 666c 6167 206f 7074 status flag opt\n-0003a0e0: 696f 6e73 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 2068 ions will. h\n-0003a0f0: 6176 6520 6e6f 2065 6666 6563 7420 6f6e ave no effect on\n-0003a100: 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 4c45 4473 2e0a keyboard LEDs..\n-0003a110: 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6865 20e2 8098 . If the ...\n-0003a120: 7365 6e64 6b65 79e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 sendkey... comma\n-0003a130: 6e64 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e20 6d75 6c74 nd is given mult\n-0003a140: 6970 6c65 2074 696d 6573 2c20 7468 656e iple times, then\n-0003a150: 206f 6e6c 7920 7468 650a 2020 2020 206c only the. l\n-0003a160: 6173 7420 696e 766f 6361 7469 6f6e 2068 ast invocation h\n-0003a170: 6173 2061 6e79 2065 6666 6563 742e 0a0a as any effect...\n-0003a180: 2020 2020 2053 696e 6365 20e2 8098 7365 Since ...se\n-0003a190: 6e64 6b65 79e2 8099 206d 616e 6970 756c ndkey... manipul\n-0003a1a0: 6174 6573 2074 6865 2042 494f 5320 6b65 ates the BIOS ke\n-0003a1b0: 7962 6f61 7264 2062 7566 6665 722c 2069 yboard buffer, i\n-0003a1c0: 7420 6d61 7920 6361 7573 650a 2020 2020 t may cause. \n-0003a1d0: 2068 616e 6773 2c20 7265 626f 6f74 732c hangs, reboots,\n-0003a1e0: 206f 7220 6f74 6865 7220 6d69 7362 6568 or other misbeh\n-0003a1f0: 6176 696f 7572 206f 6e20 736f 6d65 2073 aviour on some s\n-0003a200: 7973 7465 6d73 2e20 2049 6620 7468 650a ystems. If the.\n-0003a210: 2020 2020 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 operating s\n-0003a220: 7973 7465 6d20 6f72 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f ystem or boot lo\n-0003a230: 6164 6572 2074 6861 7420 7275 6e73 2061 ader that runs a\n-0003a240: 6674 6572 2047 5255 4220 7573 6573 2069 fter GRUB uses i\n-0003a250: 7473 206f 776e 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 7962 ts own. keyb\n-0003a260: 6f61 7264 2064 7269 7665 7220 7261 7468 oard driver rath\n-0003a270: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7468 6520 4249 4f53 er than the BIOS\n-0003a280: 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 6675 6e63 7469 keyboard functi\n-0003a290: 6f6e 732c 2074 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 ons, then. .\n-0003a2a0: 8098 7365 6e64 6b65 79e2 8099 2077 696c ..sendkey... wil\n-0003a2b0: 6c20 6861 7665 206e 6f20 6566 6665 6374 l have no effect\n-0003a2c0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2063 6f6d ... This com\n-0003a2d0: 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 mand is only ava\n-0003a2e0: 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 5043 2042 494f ilable on PC BIO\n-0003a2f0: 5320 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 S systems.....Fi\n-0003a300: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-0003a310: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7365 742c 2020 4e65 7874 Node: set, Next\n-0003a320: 3a20 7368 6131 7375 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 : sha1sum, Prev\n-0003a330: 3a20 7365 6e64 6b65 792c 2020 5570 3a20 : sendkey, Up: \n-0003a340: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-0003a350: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3637 2073 mands..17.4.67 s\n-0003a360: 6574 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a et.-----------..\n-0003a370: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 6574 -- Command: set\n-0003a380: 205b 656e 7676 6172 3d76 616c 7565 5d0a [envvar=value].\n-0003a390: 2020 2020 2053 6574 2074 6865 2065 6e76 Set the env\n-0003a3a0: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-0003a3b0: 6520 454e 5656 4152 2074 6f20 5641 4c55 e ENVVAR to VALU\n-0003a3c0: 452e 2020 4966 2069 6e76 6f6b 6564 2077 E. If invoked w\n-0003a3d0: 6974 6820 6e6f 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6775 ith no. argu\n-0003a3e0: 6d65 6e74 732c 2070 7269 6e74 2061 6c6c ments, print all\n-0003a3f0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-0003a400: 6961 626c 6573 2077 6974 6820 7468 6569 iables with thei\n-0003a410: 7220 7661 6c75 6573 2e20 2046 6f72 0a20 r values. For. \n-0003a420: 2020 2020 7468 6520 6c69 7374 206f 6620 the list of \n-0003a430: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-0003a440: 6162 6c65 7320 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 ables currently \n-0003a450: 7573 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 2069 7473 used by GRUB its\n-0003a460: 656c 6620 7365 650a 2020 2020 2074 6865 elf see. the\n-0003a470: 2072 656c 6576 616e 7420 7365 6374 696f relevant sectio\n-0003a480: 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 456e 7669 726f 6e6d n *note Environm\n-0003a490: 656e 743a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ent::.....File: \n-0003a4a0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-0003a4b0: 3a20 7368 6131 7375 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 : sha1sum, Next\n-0003a4c0: 3a20 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d2c 2020 5072 : sha256sum, Pr\n-0003a4d0: 6576 3a20 7365 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f ev: set, Up: Co\n-0003a4e0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n-0003a4f0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3638 2073 6861 nds..17.4.68 sha\n-0003a500: 3173 756d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 1sum.-----------\n-0003a510: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-0003a520: 643a 2073 6861 3173 756d 2061 7267 202e d: sha1sum arg .\n-0003a530: 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 416c 6961 7320 666f ... Alias fo\n-0003a540: 7220 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d 202d 2d68 r ...hashsum --h\n-0003a550: 6173 6820 7368 6131 2061 7267 202e 2e2e ash sha1 arg ...\n-0003a560: e280 992e 2020 5365 6520 636f 6d6d 616e .... See comman\n-0003a570: 6420 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d e280 990a d ...hashsum....\n-0003a580: 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6861 7368 (*note hash\n-0003a590: 7375 6d3a 3a29 2066 6f72 2066 756c 6c20 sum::) for full \n-0003a5a0: 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a description.....\n-0003a5b0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0003a5c0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7368 6132 3536 7375 Node: sha256su\n-0003a5d0: 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7368 6135 3132 m, Next: sha512\n-0003a5e0: 7375 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7368 6131 sum, Prev: sha1\n-0003a5f0: 7375 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e sum, Up: Comman\n-0003a600: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n-0003a610: 0a31 372e 342e 3639 2073 6861 3235 3673 .17.4.69 sha256s\n-0003a620: 756d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d um.-------------\n-0003a630: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-0003a640: 643a 2073 6861 3235 3673 756d 2061 7267 d: sha256sum arg\n-0003a650: 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 416c 6961 7320 .... Alias \n-0003a660: 666f 7220 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d 202d for ...hashsum -\n-0003a670: 2d68 6173 6820 7368 6132 3536 2061 7267 -hash sha256 arg\n-0003a680: 202e 2e2e e280 992e 2020 5365 6520 636f ....... See co\n-0003a690: 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d mmand ...hashsum\n-0003a6a0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 .... (*note \n-0003a6b0: 6861 7368 7375 6d3a 3a29 2066 6f72 2066 hashsum::) for f\n-0003a6c0: 756c 6c20 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e2e ull description.\n-0003a6d0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-0003a6e0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7368 6135 nfo, Node: sha5\n-0003a6f0: 3132 7375 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 736c 12sum, Next: sl\n-0003a700: 6565 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7368 6132 eep, Prev: sha2\n-0003a710: 3536 7375 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 56sum, Up: Comm\n-0003a720: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n-0003a730: 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3730 2073 6861 3531 s..17.4.70 sha51\n-0003a740: 3273 756d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2sum.-----------\n-0003a750: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-0003a760: 616e 643a 2073 6861 3531 3273 756d 2061 and: sha512sum a\n-0003a770: 7267 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 416c 6961 rg .... Alia\n-0003a780: 7320 666f 7220 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d s for ...hashsum\n-0003a790: 202d 2d68 6173 6820 7368 6135 3132 2061 --hash sha512 a\n-0003a7a0: 7267 202e 2e2e e280 992e 2020 5365 6520 rg ....... See \n-0003a7b0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9868 6173 6873 command ...hashs\n-0003a7c0: 756d e280 990a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 um.... (*not\n-0003a7d0: 6520 6861 7368 7375 6d3a 3a29 2066 6f72 e hashsum::) for\n-0003a7e0: 2066 756c 6c20 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f full descriptio\n-0003a7f0: 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 n.....File: grub\n-0003a800: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 736c .info, Node: sl\n-0003a810: 6565 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 736d 6269 eep, Next: smbi\n-0003a820: 6f73 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 6861 3531 os, Prev: sha51\n-0003a830: 3273 756d 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 2sum, Up: Comma\n-0003a840: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 nd-line commands\n-0003a850: 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 3120 736c 6565 700a ..17.4.71 sleep.\n-0003a860: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n-0003a870: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 736c 6565 -- Command: slee\n-0003a880: 7020 5b2d 2d76 6572 626f 7365 5d20 5b2d p [--verbose] [-\n-0003a890: 2d69 6e74 6572 7275 7074 6962 6c65 5d20 -interruptible] \n-0003a8a0: 636f 756e 740a 2020 2020 2053 6c65 6570 count. Sleep\n-0003a8b0: 2066 6f72 2043 4f55 4e54 2073 6563 6f6e for COUNT secon\n-0003a8c0: 6473 2e20 2049 6620 6f70 7469 6f6e 20e2 ds. If option .\n-0003a8d0: 8098 2d2d 696e 7465 7272 7570 7469 626c ..--interruptibl\n-0003a8e0: 65e2 8099 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 0a20 e... is given,. \n-0003a8f0: 2020 2020 616c 6c6f 7720 7072 6573 7369 allow pressi\n-0003a900: 6e67 203c 4553 433e 2c20 3c46 343e 206f ng , o\n-0003a910: 7220 686f 6c64 696e 6720 646f 776e 203c r holding down <\n-0003a920: 5348 4946 543e 2074 6f20 696e 7465 7272 SHIFT> to interr\n-0003a930: 7570 740a 2020 2020 2073 6c65 6570 2e20 upt. sleep. \n-0003a940: 2057 6974 6820 e280 982d 2d76 6572 626f With ...--verbo\n-0003a950: 7365 e280 9920 7368 6f77 2063 6f75 6e74 se... show count\n-0003a960: 646f 776e 206f 6620 7265 6d61 696e 696e down of remainin\n-0003a970: 6720 7365 636f 6e64 732e 2020 4578 6974 g seconds. Exit\n-0003a980: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6465 2069 7320 7365 . code is se\n-0003a990: 7420 746f 2030 2069 6620 7469 6d65 6f75 t to 0 if timeou\n-0003a9a0: 7420 6578 7069 7265 6420 616e 6420 746f t expired and to\n-0003a9b0: 2031 2069 6620 7469 6d65 6f75 7420 7761 1 if timeout wa\n-0003a9c0: 730a 2020 2020 2069 6e74 6572 7275 7074 s. interrupt\n-0003a9d0: 6564 2075 7369 6e67 2061 6e79 206f 6620 ed using any of \n-0003a9e0: 7468 6520 6d65 6e74 696f 6e65 6420 6b65 the mentioned ke\n-0003a9f0: 7973 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ys.....File: gru\n-0003aa00: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 b.info, Node: s\n-0003aa10: 6d62 696f 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 736f mbios, Next: so\n-0003aa20: 7572 6365 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 6c65 urce, Prev: sle\n-0003aa30: 6570 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ep, Up: Command\n-0003aa40: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-0003aa50: 3137 2e34 2e37 3220 736d 6269 6f73 0a2d 17.4.72 smbios.-\n-0003aa60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n-0003aa70: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 736d 6269 -- Command: smbi\n-0003aa80: 6f73 205b 2d2d 7479 7065 2054 5950 455d os [--type TYPE]\n-0003aa90: 205b 2d2d 6861 6e64 6c65 2048 414e 444c [--handle HANDL\n-0003aaa0: 455d 205b 2d2d 6d61 7463 6820 4d41 5443 E] [--match MATC\n-0003aab0: 485d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 2d2d H]. (--\n-0003aac0: 6765 742d 6279 7465 207c 202d 2d67 6574 get-byte | --get\n-0003aad0: 2d77 6f72 6420 7c20 2d2d 6765 742d 6477 -word | --get-dw\n-0003aae0: 6f72 6420 7c20 2d2d 6765 742d 7177 6f72 ord | --get-qwor\n-0003aaf0: 6420 7c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2d2d d |. --\n-0003ab00: 6765 742d 7374 7269 6e67 207c 202d 2d67 get-string | --g\n-0003ab10: 6574 2d75 7569 6429 204f 4646 5345 5420 et-uuid) OFFSET \n-0003ab20: 5b2d 2d73 6574 2056 4152 4941 424c 455d [--set VARIABLE]\n-0003ab30: 0a20 2020 2020 5265 7472 6965 7665 2053 . Retrieve S\n-0003ab40: 4d42 494f 5320 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f MBIOS informatio\n-0003ab50: 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 n... The ...\n-0003ab60: 736d 6269 6f73 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e smbios... comman\n-0003ab70: 6420 7265 7475 726e 7320 7468 6520 7661 d returns the va\n-0003ab80: 6c75 6520 6f66 2061 2066 6965 6c64 2069 lue of a field i\n-0003ab90: 6e20 616e 2053 4d42 494f 530a 2020 2020 n an SMBIOS. \n-0003aba0: 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 2e20 2054 6865 structure. The\n-0003abb0: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f following optio\n-0003abc0: 6e73 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 2077 6869 ns determine whi\n-0003abd0: 6368 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 2074 6f0a ch structure to.\n-0003abe0: 2020 2020 2073 656c 6563 742e 0a0a 2020 select... \n-0003abf0: 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 5370 6563 6966 ... Specif\n-0003ac00: 7969 6e67 20e2 8098 2d2d 7479 7065 e280 ying ...--type..\n-0003ac10: 9920 7769 6c6c 2073 656c 6563 7420 7374 . will select st\n-0003ac20: 7275 6374 7572 6573 2077 6974 6820 6120 ructures with a \n-0003ac30: 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 2020 matching. \n-0003ac40: 2020 2054 5950 452e 2020 5468 6520 7479 TYPE. The ty\n-0003ac50: 7065 2063 616e 2062 6520 616e 7920 696e pe can be any in\n-0003ac60: 7465 6765 7220 6672 6f6d 2030 2074 6f20 teger from 0 to \n-0003ac70: 3235 352e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 255.. ...\n-0003ac80: 2053 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 e280 982d Specifying ...-\n-0003ac90: 2d68 616e 646c 65e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 -handle... will \n-0003aca0: 7365 6c65 6374 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 select structure\n-0003acb0: 7320 7769 7468 2061 206d 6174 6368 696e s with a matchin\n-0003acc0: 670a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4841 4e44 g. HAND\n-0003acd0: 4c45 2e20 2054 6865 2068 616e 646c 6520 LE. The handle \n-0003ace0: 6361 6e20 6265 2061 6e79 2069 6e74 6567 can be any integ\n-0003acf0: 6572 2066 726f 6d20 3020 746f 2036 3535 er from 0 to 655\n-0003ad00: 3335 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 35.. ... \n-0003ad10: 5370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 20e2 8098 2d2d Specifying ...--\n-0003ad20: 6d61 7463 68e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 7365 match... will se\n-0003ad30: 6c65 6374 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 206e lect structure n\n-0003ad40: 756d 6265 7220 4d41 5443 4820 696e 2074 umber MATCH in t\n-0003ad50: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 696c he. fil\n-0003ad60: 7465 7265 6420 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7374 tered list of st\n-0003ad70: 7275 6374 7572 6573 3b20 652e 672e 2020 ructures; e.g. \n-0003ad80: e280 9873 6d62 696f 7320 2d2d 7479 7065 ...smbios --type\n-0003ad90: 2034 202d 2d6d 6174 6368 2032 e280 990a 4 --match 2....\n-0003ada0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2073 will s\n-0003adb0: 656c 6563 7420 7468 6520 7365 636f 6e64 elect the second\n-0003adc0: 2050 726f 6365 7373 2049 6e66 6f72 6d61 Process Informa\n-0003add0: 7469 6f6e 2028 5479 7065 2034 2920 7374 tion (Type 4) st\n-0003ade0: 7275 6374 7572 652e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ructure.. \n-0003adf0: 2020 2054 6865 206c 6973 7420 6973 2061 The list is a\n-0003ae00: 6c77 6179 7320 6f72 6465 7265 6420 7468 lways ordered th\n-0003ae10: 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 7468 6520 6861 e same as the ha\n-0003ae20: 7264 7761 7265 2773 2053 4d42 494f 530a rdware's SMBIOS.\n-0003ae30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7461 626c 652e table.\n-0003ae40: 2020 5468 6520 6d61 7463 6820 6e75 6d62 The match numb\n-0003ae50: 6572 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 2070 6f73 er must be a pos\n-0003ae60: 6974 6976 6520 696e 7465 6765 722e 2020 itive integer. \n-0003ae70: 4966 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2075 6e73 If. uns\n-0003ae80: 7065 6369 6669 6564 2c20 7468 6520 6669 pecified, the fi\n-0003ae90: 7273 7420 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 2073 7472 rst matching str\n-0003aea0: 7563 7475 7265 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 ucture will be s\n-0003aeb0: 656c 6563 7465 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 elected... T\n-0003aec0: 6865 2072 656d 6169 6e69 6e67 206f 7074 he remaining opt\n-0003aed0: 696f 6e73 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 2077 ions determine w\n-0003aee0: 6869 6368 2066 6965 6c64 2069 6e20 7468 hich field in th\n-0003aef0: 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2053 4d42 494f e selected SMBIO\n-0003af00: 530a 2020 2020 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 S. structure\n-0003af10: 2074 6f20 7265 7475 726e 2e20 204f 6e6c to return. Onl\n-0003af20: 7920 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 7365 206f y one of these o\n-0003af30: 7074 696f 6e73 206d 6179 2062 6520 7370 ptions may be sp\n-0003af40: 6563 6966 6965 6420 6174 0a20 2020 2020 ecified at. \n-0003af50: 6120 7469 6d65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 a time... \n-0003af60: 20e2 80a2 2057 6865 6e20 6769 7665 6e20 ... When given \n-0003af70: e280 982d 2d67 6574 2d62 7974 65e2 8099 ...--get-byte...\n-0003af80: 2c20 7265 7475 726e 2074 6865 2076 616c , return the val\n-0003af90: 7565 206f 6620 7468 6520 6279 7465 2061 ue of the byte a\n-0003afa0: 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4f46 4653 t. OFFS\n-0003afb0: 4554 2062 7974 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 ET bytes into th\n-0003afc0: 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2053 4d42 494f e selected SMBIO\n-0003afd0: 5320 7374 7275 6374 7572 652e 2020 4974 S structure. It\n-0003afe0: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 2020 will be. \n-0003aff0: 2020 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 2061 7320 formatted as \n-0003b000: 616e 2075 6e73 6967 6e65 6420 6465 6369 an unsigned deci\n-0003b010: 6d61 6c20 696e 7465 6765 722e 0a20 2020 mal integer.. \n-0003b020: 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 2057 6865 6e20 6769 ... When gi\n-0003b030: 7665 6e20 e280 982d 2d67 6574 2d77 6f72 ven ...--get-wor\n-0003b040: 64e2 8099 2c20 7265 7475 726e 2074 6865 d..., return the\n-0003b050: 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 7468 6520 776f value of the wo\n-0003b060: 7264 2028 7477 6f0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 rd (two. \n-0003b070: 2020 6279 7465 7329 2061 7420 4f46 4653 bytes) at OFFS\n-0003b080: 4554 2062 7974 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 ET bytes into th\n-0003b090: 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2053 4d42 494f e selected SMBIO\n-0003b0a0: 5320 7374 7275 6374 7572 652e 2020 4974 S structure. It\n-0003b0b0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 . will \n-0003b0c0: 6265 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 2061 7320 be formatted as \n-0003b0d0: 616e 2075 6e73 6967 6e65 6420 6465 6369 an unsigned deci\n-0003b0e0: 6d61 6c20 696e 7465 6765 722e 0a20 2020 mal integer.. \n-0003b0f0: 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 2057 6865 6e20 6769 ... When gi\n-0003b100: 7665 6e20 e280 982d 2d67 6574 2d64 776f ven ...--get-dwo\n-0003b110: 7264 e280 992c 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7468 rd..., return th\n-0003b120: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2064 e value of the d\n-0003b130: 776f 7264 2028 666f 7572 0a20 2020 2020 word (four. \n-0003b140: 2020 2020 2062 7974 6573 2920 6174 204f bytes) at O\n-0003b150: 4646 5345 5420 6279 7465 7320 696e 746f FFSET bytes into\n-0003b160: 2074 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 534d the selected SM\n-0003b170: 4249 4f53 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 2e20 BIOS structure. \n-0003b180: 2049 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7769 It. wi\n-0003b190: 6c6c 2062 6520 666f 726d 6174 7465 6420 ll be formatted \n-0003b1a0: 6173 2061 6e20 756e 7369 676e 6564 2064 as an unsigned d\n-0003b1b0: 6563 696d 616c 2069 6e74 6567 6572 2e0a ecimal integer..\n-0003b1c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 5768 656e ... When\n-0003b1d0: 2067 6976 656e 20e2 8098 2d2d 6765 742d given ...--get-\n-0003b1e0: 7177 6f72 64e2 8099 2c20 7265 7475 726e qword..., return\n-0003b1f0: 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 7468 the value of th\n-0003b200: 6520 7177 6f72 6420 2865 6967 6874 0a20 e qword (eight. \n-0003b210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 7974 6573 2920 bytes) \n-0003b220: 6174 204f 4646 5345 5420 6279 7465 7320 at OFFSET bytes \n-0003b230: 696e 746f 2074 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 into the selecte\n-0003b240: 6420 534d 4249 4f53 2073 7472 7563 7475 d SMBIOS structu\n-0003b250: 7265 2e20 2049 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 re. It. \n-0003b260: 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 666f 726d 6174 will be format\n-0003b270: 7465 6420 6173 2061 6e20 756e 7369 676e ted as an unsign\n-0003b280: 6564 2064 6563 696d 616c 2069 6e74 6567 ed decimal integ\n-0003b290: 6572 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 er.. ... \n-0003b2a0: 5768 656e 2067 6976 656e 20e2 8098 2d2d When given ...--\n-0003b2b0: 6765 742d 7374 7269 6e67 e280 992c 2072 get-string..., r\n-0003b2c0: 6574 7572 6e20 7468 6520 7374 7269 6e67 eturn the string\n-0003b2d0: 2077 6974 6820 6974 7320 696e 6465 780a with its index.\n-0003b2e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 666f 756e 6420 found \n-0003b2f0: 6174 204f 4646 5345 5420 6279 7465 7320 at OFFSET bytes \n-0003b300: 696e 746f 2074 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 into the selecte\n-0003b310: 6420 534d 4249 4f53 2073 7472 7563 7475 d SMBIOS structu\n-0003b320: 7265 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 re.. ... \n-0003b330: 5768 656e 2067 6976 656e 20e2 8098 2d2d When given ...--\n-0003b340: 6765 742d 7575 6964 e280 992c 2072 6574 get-uuid..., ret\n-0003b350: 7572 6e20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 urn the value of\n-0003b360: 2074 6865 2055 5549 4420 2873 6978 7465 the UUID (sixte\n-0003b370: 656e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 7974 en. byt\n-0003b380: 6573 2920 6174 204f 4646 5345 5420 6279 es) at OFFSET by\n-0003b390: 7465 7320 696e 746f 2074 6865 2073 656c tes into the sel\n-0003b3a0: 6563 7465 6420 534d 4249 4f53 2073 7472 ected SMBIOS str\n-0003b3b0: 7563 7475 7265 2e20 2049 740a 2020 2020 ucture. It. \n-0003b3c0: 2020 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 666f will be fo\n-0003b3d0: 726d 6174 7465 6420 6173 206c 6f77 6572 rmatted as lower\n-0003b3e0: 2d63 6173 6520 6879 7068 656e 6174 6564 -case hyphenated\n-0003b3f0: 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c 2064 6967 hexadecimal dig\n-0003b400: 6974 732c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 its,. w\n-0003b410: 6974 6820 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7468 ith the first th\n-0003b420: 7265 6520 6669 656c 6473 2061 7320 6c69 ree fields as li\n-0003b430: 7474 6c65 2d65 6e64 6961 6e2c 2061 6e64 ttle-endian, and\n-0003b440: 2074 6865 2072 6573 740a 2020 2020 2020 the rest. \n-0003b450: 2020 2020 7072 696e 7465 6420 6279 7465 printed byte\n-0003b460: 2d62 792d 6279 7465 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 -by-byte... \n-0003b470: 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6163 7469 The default acti\n-0003b480: 6f6e 2069 7320 746f 2070 7269 6e74 2074 on is to print t\n-0003b490: 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 7468 6520 he value of the \n-0003b4a0: 7265 7175 6573 7465 6420 6669 656c 6420 requested field \n-0003b4b0: 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 636f 6e73 to. the cons\n-0003b4c0: 6f6c 652c 2062 7574 2061 2076 6172 6961 ole, but a varia\n-0003b4d0: 626c 6520 6e61 6d65 2063 616e 2062 6520 ble name can be \n-0003b4e0: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 7769 7468 20e2 specified with .\n-0003b4f0: 8098 2d2d 7365 74e2 8099 2074 6f0a 2020 ..--set... to. \n-0003b500: 2020 2073 746f 7265 2074 6865 2076 616c store the val\n-0003b510: 7565 2069 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 7072 ue instead of pr\n-0003b520: 696e 7469 6e67 2069 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 inting it... \n-0003b530: 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 7468 For example, th\n-0003b540: 6973 2077 696c 6c20 7374 6f72 6520 616e is will store an\n-0003b550: 6420 7468 656e 2064 6973 706c 6179 2074 d then display t\n-0003b560: 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 206d he system. m\n-0003b570: 616e 7566 6163 7475 7265 7227 7320 6e61 anufacturer's na\n-0003b580: 6d65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 me... s\n-0003b590: 6d62 696f 7320 2d2d 7479 7065 2031 202d mbios --type 1 -\n-0003b5a0: 2d67 6574 2d73 7472 696e 6720 3420 2d2d -get-string 4 --\n-0003b5b0: 7365 7420 7379 7374 656d 5f6d 616e 7566 set system_manuf\n-0003b5c0: 6163 7475 7265 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 acturer. \n-0003b5d0: 2020 6563 686f 2024 7379 7374 656d 5f6d echo $system_m\n-0003b5e0: 616e 7566 6163 7475 7265 720a 0a1f 0a46 anufacturer....F\n-0003b5f0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-0003b600: 204e 6f64 653a 2073 6f75 7263 652c 2020 Node: source, \n-0003b610: 4e65 7874 3a20 7465 7374 2c20 2050 7265 Next: test, Pre\n-0003b620: 763a 2073 6d62 696f 732c 2020 5570 3a20 v: smbios, Up: \n-0003b630: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-0003b640: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3733 2073 mands..17.4.73 s\n-0003b650: 6f75 7263 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ource.----------\n-0003b660: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n-0003b670: 643a 2073 6f75 7263 6520 6669 6c65 0a20 d: source file. \n-0003b680: 2020 2020 5265 6164 2046 494c 4520 6173 Read FILE as\n-0003b690: 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e a configuration\n-0003b6a0: 2066 696c 652c 2061 7320 6966 2069 7473 file, as if its\n-0003b6b0: 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6861 6420 6265 contents had be\n-0003b6c0: 656e 0a20 2020 2020 696e 636f 7270 6f72 en. incorpor\n-0003b6d0: 6174 6564 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 696e ated directly in\n-0003b6e0: 746f 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 696e 6720 to the sourcing \n-0003b6f0: 6669 6c65 2e20 2055 6e6c 696b 6520 e280 file. Unlike ..\n-0003b700: 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 0a20 .configfile.... \n-0003b710: 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2063 6f6e 6669 (*note confi\n-0003b720: 6766 696c 653a 3a29 2c20 7468 6973 2065 gfile::), this e\n-0003b730: 7865 6375 7465 7320 7468 6520 636f 6e74 xecutes the cont\n-0003b740: 656e 7473 206f 6620 4649 4c45 2077 6974 ents of FILE wit\n-0003b750: 686f 7574 0a20 2020 2020 6368 616e 6769 hout. changi\n-0003b760: 6e67 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 3a20 616e 7920 ng context: any \n-0003b770: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-0003b780: 6162 6c65 2063 6861 6e67 6573 206d 6164 able changes mad\n-0003b790: 6520 6279 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f e by the. co\n-0003b7a0: 6d6d 616e 6473 2069 6e20 4649 4c45 2077 mmands in FILE w\n-0003b7b0: 696c 6c20 6265 2070 7265 7365 7276 6564 ill be preserved\n-0003b7c0: 2061 6674 6572 20e2 8098 736f 7572 6365 after ...source\n-0003b7d0: e280 9920 7265 7475 726e 732c 2061 6e64 ... returns, and\n-0003b7e0: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 2077 the. menu w\n-0003b7f0: 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 6265 2073 686f 776e ill not be shown\n-0003b800: 2069 6d6d 6564 6961 7465 6c79 2e0a 0a1f immediately....\n-0003b810: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-0003b820: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2074 6573 742c 2020 , Node: test, \n-0003b830: 4e65 7874 3a20 7472 7565 2c20 2050 7265 Next: true, Pre\n-0003b840: 763a 2073 6f75 7263 652c 2020 5570 3a20 v: source, Up: \n-0003b850: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n-0003b860: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3734 2074 mands..17.4.74 t\n-0003b870: 6573 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d est.------------\n-0003b880: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2074 .. -- Command: t\n-0003b890: 6573 7420 6578 7072 6573 7369 6f6e 0a20 est expression. \n-0003b8a0: 2020 2020 4576 616c 7561 7465 2045 5850 Evaluate EXP\n-0003b8b0: 5245 5353 494f 4e20 616e 6420 7265 7475 RESSION and retu\n-0003b8c0: 726e 207a 6572 6f20 6578 6974 2073 7461 rn zero exit sta\n-0003b8d0: 7475 7320 6966 2072 6573 756c 7420 6973 tus if result is\n-0003b8e0: 2074 7275 652c 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 6e20 true,. non \n-0003b8f0: 7a65 726f 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f74 6865 zero status othe\n-0003b900: 7277 6973 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2045 5850 rwise... EXP\n-0003b910: 5245 5353 494f 4e20 6973 206f 6e65 206f RESSION is one o\n-0003b920: 663a 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 5452 494e 4731 f:.. STRING1\n-0003b930: 20e2 8098 3d3d e280 9920 5354 5249 4e47 ...==... STRING\n-0003b940: 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 2. the \n-0003b950: 7374 7269 6e67 7320 6172 6520 6571 7561 strings are equa\n-0003b960: 6c0a 2020 2020 2053 5452 494e 4731 20e2 l. STRING1 .\n-0003b970: 8098 213d e280 9920 5354 5249 4e47 320a ..!=... STRING2.\n-0003b980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 7374 the st\n-0003b990: 7269 6e67 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 6571 rings are not eq\n-0003b9a0: 7561 6c0a 2020 2020 2053 5452 494e 4731 ual. STRING1\n-0003b9b0: 20e2 8098 3ce2 8099 2053 5452 494e 4732 ...<... STRING2\n-0003b9c0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 5452 494e . STRIN\n-0003b9d0: 4731 2069 7320 6c65 7869 636f 6772 6170 G1 is lexicograp\n-0003b9e0: 6869 6361 6c6c 7920 6c65 7373 2074 6861 hically less tha\n-0003b9f0: 6e20 5354 5249 4e47 320a 2020 2020 2053 n STRING2. S\n-0003ba00: 5452 494e 4731 20e2 8098 3c3d e280 9920 TRING1 ...<=... \n-0003ba10: 5354 5249 4e47 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 STRING2. \n-0003ba20: 2020 5354 5249 4e47 3120 6973 206c 6578 STRING1 is lex\n-0003ba30: 6963 6f67 7261 7068 6963 616c 6c79 206c icographically l\n-0003ba40: 6573 7320 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 6861 ess or equal tha\n-0003ba50: 6e20 5354 5249 4e47 320a 2020 2020 2053 n STRING2. S\n-0003ba60: 5452 494e 4731 20e2 8098 3ee2 8099 2053 TRING1 ...>... S\n-0003ba70: 5452 494e 4732 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 TRING2. \n-0003ba80: 2053 5452 494e 4731 2069 7320 6c65 7869 STRING1 is lexi\n-0003ba90: 636f 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c6c 7920 6772 cographically gr\n-0003baa0: 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e 2053 5452 494e eater than STRIN\n-0003bab0: 4732 0a20 2020 2020 5354 5249 4e47 3120 G2. STRING1 \n-0003bac0: e280 983e 3de2 8099 2053 5452 494e 4732 ...>=... STRING2\n-0003bad0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 5452 494e . STRIN\n-0003bae0: 4731 2069 7320 6c65 7869 636f 6772 6170 G1 is lexicograp\n-0003baf0: 6869 6361 6c6c 7920 6772 6561 7465 7220 hically greater \n-0003bb00: 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 6861 6e20 5354 or equal than ST\n-0003bb10: 5249 4e47 320a 2020 2020 2049 4e54 4547 RING2. INTEG\n-0003bb20: 4552 3120 e280 982d 6571 e280 9920 494e ER1 ...-eq... IN\n-0003bb30: 5445 4745 5232 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 TEGER2. \n-0003bb40: 2049 4e54 4547 4552 3120 6973 2065 7175 INTEGER1 is equ\n-0003bb50: 616c 2074 6f20 494e 5445 4745 5232 0a20 al to INTEGER2. \n-0003bb60: 2020 2020 494e 5445 4745 5231 20e2 8098 INTEGER1 ...\n-0003bb70: 2d67 65e2 8099 2049 4e54 4547 4552 320a -ge... INTEGER2.\n-0003bb80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 494e 5445 4745 INTEGE\n-0003bb90: 5231 2069 7320 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 R1 is greater th\n-0003bba0: 616e 206f 7220 6571 7561 6c20 746f 2049 an or equal to I\n-0003bbb0: 4e54 4547 4552 320a 2020 2020 2049 4e54 NTEGER2. INT\n-0003bbc0: 4547 4552 3120 e280 982d 6774 e280 9920 EGER1 ...-gt... \n-0003bbd0: 494e 5445 4745 5232 0a20 2020 2020 2020 INTEGER2. \n-0003bbe0: 2020 2049 4e54 4547 4552 3120 6973 2067 INTEGER1 is g\n-0003bbf0: 7265 6174 6572 2074 6861 6e20 494e 5445 reater than INTE\n-0003bc00: 4745 5232 0a20 2020 2020 494e 5445 4745 GER2. INTEGE\n-0003bc10: 5231 20e2 8098 2d6c 65e2 8099 2049 4e54 R1 ...-le... INT\n-0003bc20: 4547 4552 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 EGER2. \n-0003bc30: 494e 5445 4745 5231 2069 7320 6c65 7373 INTEGER1 is less\n-0003bc40: 2074 6861 6e20 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 than or equal t\n-0003bc50: 6f20 494e 5445 4745 5232 0a20 2020 2020 o INTEGER2. \n-0003bc60: 494e 5445 4745 5231 20e2 8098 2d6c 74e2 INTEGER1 ...-lt.\n-0003bc70: 8099 2049 4e54 4547 4552 320a 2020 2020 .. INTEGER2. \n-0003bc80: 2020 2020 2020 494e 5445 4745 5231 2069 INTEGER1 i\n-0003bc90: 7320 6c65 7373 2074 6861 6e20 494e 5445 s less than INTE\n-0003bca0: 4745 5232 0a20 2020 2020 494e 5445 4745 GER2. INTEGE\n-0003bcb0: 5231 20e2 8098 2d6e 65e2 8099 2049 4e54 R1 ...-ne... INT\n-0003bcc0: 4547 4552 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 EGER2. \n-0003bcd0: 494e 5445 4745 5231 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 INTEGER1 is not \n-0003bce0: 6571 7561 6c20 746f 2049 4e54 4547 4552 equal to INTEGER\n-0003bcf0: 320a 2020 2020 2050 5245 4649 5849 4e54 2. PREFIXINT\n-0003bd00: 4547 4552 3120 e280 982d 7067 74e2 8099 EGER1 ...-pgt...\n-0003bd10: 2050 5245 4649 5849 4e54 4547 4552 320a PREFIXINTEGER2.\n-0003bd20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 494e 5445 4745 INTEGE\n-0003bd30: 5231 2069 7320 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 R1 is greater th\n-0003bd40: 616e 2049 4e54 4547 4552 3220 6166 7465 an INTEGER2 afte\n-0003bd50: 7220 7374 7269 7070 696e 6720 6f66 6620 r stripping off \n-0003bd60: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 common. \n-0003bd70: 206e 6f6e 2d6e 756d 6572 6963 2050 5245 non-numeric PRE\n-0003bd80: 4649 582e 0a20 2020 2020 5052 4546 4958 FIX.. PREFIX\n-0003bd90: 494e 5445 4745 5231 20e2 8098 2d70 6c74 INTEGER1 ...-plt\n-0003bda0: e280 9920 5052 4546 4958 494e 5445 4745 ... PREFIXINTEGE\n-0003bdb0: 5232 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 4e54 R2. INT\n-0003bdc0: 4547 4552 3120 6973 206c 6573 7320 7468 EGER1 is less th\n-0003bdd0: 616e 2049 4e54 4547 4552 3220 6166 7465 an INTEGER2 afte\n-0003bde0: 7220 7374 7269 7070 696e 6720 6f66 6620 r stripping off \n-0003bdf0: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 common. \n-0003be00: 206e 6f6e 2d6e 756d 6572 6963 2050 5245 non-numeric PRE\n-0003be10: 4649 582e 0a20 2020 2020 4649 4c45 3120 FIX.. FILE1 \n-0003be20: e280 982d 6e74 e280 9920 4649 4c45 320a ...-nt... FILE2.\n-0003be30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4649 4c45 3120 FILE1 \n-0003be40: 6973 206e 6577 6572 2074 6861 6e20 4649 is newer than FI\n-0003be50: 4c45 3220 286d 6f64 6966 6963 6174 696f LE2 (modificatio\n-0003be60: 6e20 7469 6d65 292e 2020 4f70 7469 6f6e n time). Option\n-0003be70: 616c 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e ally. n\n-0003be80: 756d 6572 6963 2042 4941 5320 6d61 7920 umeric BIAS may \n-0003be90: 6265 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 6170 7065 be directly appe\n-0003bea0: 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 e280 982d 6e74 e280 nded to ...-nt..\n-0003beb0: 9920 696e 2077 6869 6368 2063 6173 650a . in which case.\n-0003bec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6974 2069 7320 it is \n-0003bed0: 6164 6465 6420 746f 2074 6865 2066 6972 added to the fir\n-0003bee0: 7374 2066 696c 6520 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 st file modifica\n-0003bef0: 7469 6f6e 2074 696d 652e 0a20 2020 2020 tion time.. \n-0003bf00: 4649 4c45 3120 e280 982d 6f74 e280 9920 FILE1 ...-ot... \n-0003bf10: 4649 4c45 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 FILE2. \n-0003bf20: 4649 4c45 3120 6973 206f 6c64 6572 2074 FILE1 is older t\n-0003bf30: 6861 6e20 4649 4c45 3220 286d 6f64 6966 han FILE2 (modif\n-0003bf40: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7469 6d65 292e 2020 ication time). \n-0003bf50: 4f70 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 Optionally. \n-0003bf60: 2020 2020 206e 756d 6572 6963 2042 4941 numeric BIA\n-0003bf70: 5320 6d61 7920 6265 2064 6972 6563 746c S may be directl\n-0003bf80: 7920 6170 7065 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 e280 y appended to ..\n-0003bf90: 982d 6f74 e280 9920 696e 2077 6869 6368 .-ot... in which\n-0003bfa0: 2063 6173 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 case. \n-0003bfb0: 6974 2069 7320 6164 6465 6420 746f 2074 it is added to t\n-0003bfc0: 6865 2066 6972 7374 2066 696c 6520 6d6f he first file mo\n-0003bfd0: 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2074 696d 652e dification time.\n-0003bfe0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d 64e2 8099 2046 . ...-d... F\n-0003bff0: 494c 450a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4649 ILE. FI\n-0003c000: 4c45 2065 7869 7374 7320 616e 6420 6973 LE exists and is\n-0003c010: 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 0a20 2020 a directory. \n-0003c020: 2020 e280 982d 65e2 8099 2046 494c 450a ...-e... FILE.\n-0003c030: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4649 4c45 2065 FILE e\n-0003c040: 7869 7374 730a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d66 xists. ...-f\n-0003c050: e280 9920 4649 4c45 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ... FILE. \n-0003c060: 2020 2046 494c 4520 6578 6973 7473 2061 FILE exists a\n-0003c070: 6e64 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 6120 6469 7265 nd is not a dire\n-0003c080: 6374 6f72 790a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d73 ctory. ...-s\n-0003c090: e280 9920 4649 4c45 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ... FILE. \n-0003c0a0: 2020 2046 494c 4520 6578 6973 7473 2061 FILE exists a\n-0003c0b0: 6e64 2068 6173 2061 2073 697a 6520 6772 nd has a size gr\n-0003c0c0: 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e 207a 6572 6f0a eater than zero.\n-0003c0d0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d6e e280 9920 5354 ...-n... ST\n-0003c0e0: 5249 4e47 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 RING. t\n-0003c0f0: 6865 206c 656e 6774 6820 6f66 2053 5452 he length of STR\n-0003c100: 494e 4720 6973 206e 6f6e 7a65 726f 0a20 ING is nonzero. \n-0003c110: 2020 2020 5354 5249 4e47 0a20 2020 2020 STRING. \n-0003c120: 2020 2020 2053 5452 494e 4720 6973 2065 STRING is e\n-0003c130: 7175 6976 616c 656e 7420 746f 20e2 8098 quivalent to ...\n-0003c140: 2d6e 2053 5452 494e 47e2 8099 0a20 2020 -n STRING.... \n-0003c150: 2020 e280 982d 7ae2 8099 2053 5452 494e ...-z... STRIN\n-0003c160: 470a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 G. the \n-0003c170: 6c65 6e67 7468 206f 6620 5354 5249 4e47 length of STRING\n-0003c180: 2069 7320 7a65 726f 0a20 2020 2020 e280 is zero. ..\n-0003c190: 9828 e280 9920 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e .(... EXPRESSION\n-0003c1a0: 20e2 8098 29e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ...).... \n-0003c1b0: 2020 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e20 6973 EXPRESSION is\n-0003c1c0: 2074 7275 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 21e2 true. ...!.\n-0003c1d0: 8099 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e0a 2020 .. EXPRESSION. \n-0003c1e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4558 5052 4553 5349 EXPRESSI\n-0003c1f0: 4f4e 2069 7320 6661 6c73 650a 2020 2020 ON is false. \n-0003c200: 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e31 20e2 8098 EXPRESSION1 ...\n-0003c210: 2d61 e280 9920 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e -a... EXPRESSION\n-0003c220: 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 626f 7468 2. both\n-0003c230: 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e31 2061 6e64 EXPRESSION1 and\n-0003c240: 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e32 2061 7265 EXPRESSION2 are\n-0003c250: 2074 7275 650a 2020 2020 2045 5850 5245 true. EXPRE\n-0003c260: 5353 494f 4e31 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f SSION1 EXPRESSIO\n-0003c270: 4e32 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 6f74 N2. bot\n-0003c280: 6820 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e 3120 616e h EXPRESSION1 an\n-0003c290: 6420 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e 3220 6172 d EXPRESSION2 ar\n-0003c2a0: 6520 7472 7565 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7379 e true. This sy\n-0003c2b0: 6e74 6178 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 ntax is not. \n-0003c2c0: 2020 2020 2020 504f 5349 582d 636f 6d70 POSIX-comp\n-0003c2d0: 6c69 616e 7420 616e 6420 6973 206e 6f74 liant and is not\n-0003c2e0: 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 2e0a 2020 recommended.. \n-0003c2f0: 2020 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e31 20e2 EXPRESSION1 .\n-0003c300: 8098 2d6f e280 9920 4558 5052 4553 5349 ..-o... EXPRESSI\n-0003c310: 4f4e 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6569 ON2. ei\n-0003c320: 7468 6572 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e31 ther EXPRESSION1\n-0003c330: 206f 7220 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e 3220 or EXPRESSION2 \n-0003c340: 6973 2074 7275 650a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a is true....File:\n-0003c350: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-0003c360: 653a 2074 7275 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 e: true, Next: \n-0003c370: 7472 7573 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7465 trust, Prev: te\n-0003c380: 7374 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 st, Up: Command\n-0003c390: 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a -line commands..\n-0003c3a0: 3137 2e34 2e37 3520 7472 7565 0a2d 2d2d 17.4.75 true.---\n-0003c3b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-0003c3c0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7472 7565 0a20 2020 ommand: true. \n-0003c3d0: 2020 446f 206e 6f74 6869 6e67 2c20 7375 Do nothing, su\n-0003c3e0: 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2e20 2054 6869 ccessfully. Thi\n-0003c3f0: 7320 6973 206d 6169 6e6c 7920 7573 6566 s is mainly usef\n-0003c400: 756c 2069 6e20 636f 6e74 726f 6c0a 2020 ul in control. \n-0003c410: 2020 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 7320 7375 constructs su\n-0003c420: 6368 2061 7320 e280 9869 66e2 8099 2061 ch as ...if... a\n-0003c430: 6e64 20e2 8098 7768 696c 65e2 8099 2028 nd ...while... (\n-0003c440: 2a6e 6f74 6520 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 *note Shell-like\n-0003c450: 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 3a3a 292e 0a0a scripting::)...\n-0003c460: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-0003c470: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7472 7573 742c o, Node: trust,\n-0003c480: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 756e 7365 742c 2020 Next: unset, \n-0003c490: 5072 6576 3a20 7472 7565 2c20 2055 703a Prev: true, Up:\n-0003c4a0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n-0003c4b0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 3620 mmands..17.4.76 \n-0003c4c0: 7472 7573 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d trust.----------\n-0003c4d0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-0003c4e0: 3a20 7472 7573 7420 5b2d 2d73 6b69 702d : trust [--skip-\n-0003c4f0: 7369 675d 2070 7562 6b65 795f 6669 6c65 sig] pubkey_file\n-0003c500: 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6164 2070 7562 6c69 . Read publi\n-0003c510: 6320 6b65 7920 6672 6f6d 2050 5542 4b45 c key from PUBKE\n-0003c520: 595f 4649 4c45 2061 6e64 2061 6464 2069 Y_FILE and add i\n-0003c530: 7420 746f 2047 5255 4227 7320 696e 7465 t to GRUB's inte\n-0003c540: 726e 616c 206c 6973 740a 2020 2020 206f rnal list. o\n-0003c550: 6620 7472 7573 7465 6420 7075 626c 6963 f trusted public\n-0003c560: 206b 6579 732e 2020 5468 6573 6520 6b65 keys. These ke\n-0003c570: 7973 2061 7265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2076 ys are used to v\n-0003c580: 616c 6964 6174 6520 6469 6769 7461 6c0a alidate digital.\n-0003c590: 2020 2020 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 7320 signatures \n-0003c5a0: 7768 656e 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 when environment\n-0003c5b0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 9863 6865 variable ...che\n-0003c5c0: 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 73e2 8099 ck_signatures...\n-0003c5d0: 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 is set to. \n-0003c5e0: e280 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 992e 2020 ...enforce.... \n-0003c5f0: 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 6966 20e2 8098 Note that if ...\n-0003c600: 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 check_signatures\n-0003c610: e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 ... is set to ..\n-0003c620: 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 990a 2020 2020 .enforce.... \n-0003c630: 2077 6865 6e20 e280 9874 7275 7374 e280 when ...trust..\n-0003c640: 9920 6578 6563 7574 6573 2c20 7468 656e . executes, then\n-0003c650: 2050 5542 4b45 595f 4649 4c45 206d 7573 PUBKEY_FILE mus\n-0003c660: 7420 6974 7365 6c66 2062 6520 7072 6f70 t itself be prop\n-0003c670: 6572 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 7369 676e 6564 erly. signed\n-0003c680: 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 736b 6970 . The ...--skip\n-0003c690: 2d73 6967 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2063 -sig... option c\n-0003c6a0: 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6469 an be used to di\n-0003c6b0: 7361 626c 650a 2020 2020 2073 6967 6e61 sable. signa\n-0003c6c0: 7475 7265 2d63 6865 636b 696e 6720 7768 ture-checking wh\n-0003c6d0: 656e 2072 6561 6469 6e67 2050 5542 4b45 en reading PUBKE\n-0003c6e0: 595f 4649 4c45 2069 7473 656c 662e 2020 Y_FILE itself. \n-0003c6f0: 4974 2069 7320 6578 7065 6374 6564 0a20 It is expected. \n-0003c700: 2020 2020 7468 6174 20e2 8098 2d2d 736b that ...--sk\n-0003c710: 6970 2d73 6967 e280 9920 6973 2075 7365 ip-sig... is use\n-0003c720: 6675 6c20 666f 7220 7465 7374 696e 6720 ful for testing \n-0003c730: 616e 6420 6d61 6e75 616c 2062 6f6f 7469 and manual booti\n-0003c740: 6e67 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 ng. *Note. \n-0003c750: 5573 696e 6720 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 Using digital si\n-0003c760: 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 2c20 666f 7220 gnatures::, for \n-0003c770: 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e more information\n-0003c780: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-0003c790: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2075 6e73 info, Node: uns\n-0003c7a0: 6574 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2076 6572 6966 et, Next: verif\n-0003c7b0: 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 2c20 2050 7265 y_detached, Pre\n-0003c7c0: 763a 2074 7275 7374 2c20 2055 703a 2043 v: trust, Up: C\n-0003c7d0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n-0003c7e0: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 3720 756e ands..17.4.77 un\n-0003c7f0: 7365 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d set.------------\n-0003c800: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n-0003c810: 756e 7365 7420 656e 7676 6172 0a20 2020 unset envvar. \n-0003c820: 2020 556e 7365 7420 7468 6520 656e 7669 Unset the envi\n-0003c830: 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ronment variable\n-0003c840: 2045 4e56 5641 522e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 ENVVAR.....File\n-0003c850: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-0003c860: 6465 3a20 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 de: verify_detac\n-0003c870: 6865 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7669 6465 hed, Next: vide\n-0003c880: 6f69 6e66 6f2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 756e oinfo, Prev: un\n-0003c890: 7365 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e set, Up: Comman\n-0003c8a0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a d-line commands.\n-0003c8b0: 0a31 372e 342e 3738 2076 6572 6966 795f .17.4.78 verify_\n-0003c8c0: 6465 7461 6368 6564 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d detached.-------\n+00039d90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5570 0a20 Up. \n+00039da0: 2020 2020 6c65 6674 2020 2020 2020 2020 left \n+00039db0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00039dc0: 2020 4c65 6674 0a20 2020 2020 7269 6768 Left. righ\n+00039dd0: 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t \n+00039de0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5269 6768 740a Right.\n+00039df0: 0a20 2020 2020 4173 2077 656c 6c20 6173 . As well as\n+00039e00: 206b 6579 7374 726f 6b65 732c 2074 6865 keystrokes, the\n+00039e10: 20e2 8098 7365 6e64 6b65 79e2 8099 2063 ...sendkey... c\n+00039e20: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2074 616b 6573 2076 6172 ommand takes var\n+00039e30: 696f 7573 206f 7074 696f 6e73 0a20 2020 ious options. \n+00039e40: 2020 7468 6174 2061 6666 6563 7420 7468 that affect th\n+00039e50: 6520 4249 4f53 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 e BIOS keyboard \n+00039e60: 7374 6174 7573 2066 6c61 6773 2e20 2054 status flags. T\n+00039e70: 6865 7365 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2074 616b hese options tak\n+00039e80: 6520 616e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 986f 6ee2 e an. ...on.\n+00039e90: 8099 206f 7220 e280 986f 6666 e280 9920 .. or ...off... \n+00039ea0: 7061 7261 6d65 7465 722c 2073 7065 6369 parameter, speci\n+00039eb0: 6679 696e 6720 7468 6174 2074 6865 2063 fying that the c\n+00039ec0: 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 2073 7461 orresponding sta\n+00039ed0: 7475 730a 2020 2020 2066 6c61 6720 6265 tus. flag be\n+00039ee0: 2073 6574 206f 7220 756e 7365 743b 206f set or unset; o\n+00039ef0: 6d69 7474 696e 6720 7468 6520 6f70 7469 mitting the opti\n+00039f00: 6f6e 2066 6f72 2061 2067 6976 656e 2073 on for a given s\n+00039f10: 7461 7475 7320 666c 6167 0a20 2020 2020 tatus flag. \n+00039f20: 7769 6c6c 206c 6561 7665 2074 6861 7420 will leave that \n+00039f30: 666c 6167 2061 7420 6974 7320 696e 6974 flag at its init\n+00039f40: 6961 6c20 7374 6174 6520 6174 2062 6f6f ial state at boo\n+00039f50: 742e 2020 5468 6520 e280 982d 2d6e 756d t. The ...--num\n+00039f60: e280 992c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d 2d63 ...,. ...--c\n+00039f70: 6170 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 982d 2d73 6372 aps..., ...--scr\n+00039f80: 6f6c 6ce2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 982d oll..., and ...-\n+00039f90: 2d69 6e73 6572 74e2 8099 206f 7074 696f -insert... optio\n+00039fa0: 6e73 2065 6d75 6c61 7465 2073 6574 7469 ns emulate setti\n+00039fb0: 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f 7272 ng the. corr\n+00039fc0: 6573 706f 6e64 696e 6720 6d6f 6465 2c20 esponding mode, \n+00039fd0: 7768 696c 6520 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d6e while the ...--n\n+00039fe0: 756d 6b65 79e2 8099 2c20 e280 982d 2d63 umkey..., ...--c\n+00039ff0: 6170 736b 6579 e280 992c 0a20 2020 2020 apskey...,. \n+0003a000: e280 982d 2d73 6372 6f6c 6c6b 6579 e280 ...--scrollkey..\n+0003a010: 992c 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 2d2d 696e 7365 ., and ...--inse\n+0003a020: 7274 6b65 79e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e73 rtkey... options\n+0003a030: 2065 6d75 6c61 7465 2070 7265 7373 696e emulate pressin\n+0003a040: 6720 616e 640a 2020 2020 2068 6f6c 6469 g and. holdi\n+0003a050: 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e ng the correspon\n+0003a060: 6469 6e67 206b 6579 2e20 2054 6865 206f ding key. The o\n+0003a070: 7468 6572 2073 7461 7475 7320 666c 6167 ther status flag\n+0003a080: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 7265 0a20 2020 options are. \n+0003a090: 2020 7365 6c66 2d65 7870 6c61 6e61 746f self-explanato\n+0003a0a0: 7279 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6865 ry... If the\n+0003a0b0: 20e2 8098 2d2d 6e6f 2d6c 6564 e280 9920 ...--no-led... \n+0003a0c0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c option is given,\n+0003a0d0: 2074 6865 2073 7461 7475 7320 666c 6167 the status flag\n+0003a0e0: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 options will. \n+0003a0f0: 2020 2068 6176 6520 6e6f 2065 6666 6563 have no effec\n+0003a100: 7420 6f6e 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 4c45 t on keyboard LE\n+0003a110: 4473 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6865 Ds... If the\n+0003a120: 20e2 8098 7365 6e64 6b65 79e2 8099 2063 ...sendkey... c\n+0003a130: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e20 ommand is given \n+0003a140: 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2074 696d 6573 2c20 multiple times, \n+0003a150: 7468 656e 206f 6e6c 7920 7468 650a 2020 then only the. \n+0003a160: 2020 206c 6173 7420 696e 766f 6361 7469 last invocati\n+0003a170: 6f6e 2068 6173 2061 6e79 2065 6666 6563 on has any effec\n+0003a180: 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 696e 6365 20e2 t... Since .\n+0003a190: 8098 7365 6e64 6b65 79e2 8099 206d 616e ..sendkey... man\n+0003a1a0: 6970 756c 6174 6573 2074 6865 2042 494f ipulates the BIO\n+0003a1b0: 5320 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2062 7566 6665 S keyboard buffe\n+0003a1c0: 722c 2069 7420 6d61 7920 6361 7573 650a r, it may cause.\n+0003a1d0: 2020 2020 2068 616e 6773 2c20 7265 626f hangs, rebo\n+0003a1e0: 6f74 732c 206f 7220 6f74 6865 7220 6d69 ots, or other mi\n+0003a1f0: 7362 6568 6176 696f 7572 206f 6e20 736f sbehaviour on so\n+0003a200: 6d65 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e20 2049 6620 me systems. If \n+0003a210: 7468 650a 2020 2020 206f 7065 7261 7469 the. operati\n+0003a220: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6f72 2062 6f6f ng system or boo\n+0003a230: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2074 6861 7420 7275 t loader that ru\n+0003a240: 6e73 2061 6674 6572 2047 5255 4220 7573 ns after GRUB us\n+0003a250: 6573 2069 7473 206f 776e 0a20 2020 2020 es its own. \n+0003a260: 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2064 7269 7665 7220 keyboard driver \n+0003a270: 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7468 6520 rather than the \n+0003a280: 4249 4f53 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 6675 BIOS keyboard fu\n+0003a290: 6e63 7469 6f6e 732c 2074 6865 6e0a 2020 nctions, then. \n+0003a2a0: 2020 20e2 8098 7365 6e64 6b65 79e2 8099 ...sendkey...\n+0003a2b0: 2077 696c 6c20 6861 7665 206e 6f20 6566 will have no ef\n+0003a2c0: 6665 6374 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 fect... This\n+0003a2d0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 command is only\n+0003a2e0: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 5043 available on PC\n+0003a2f0: 2042 494f 5320 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a BIOS systems...\n+0003a300: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0003a310: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7365 742c 2020 o, Node: set, \n+0003a320: 4e65 7874 3a20 7368 6131 7375 6d2c 2020 Next: sha1sum, \n+0003a330: 5072 6576 3a20 7365 6e64 6b65 792c 2020 Prev: sendkey, \n+0003a340: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n+0003a350: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n+0003a360: 3637 2073 6574 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 67 set.---------\n+0003a370: 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a --.. -- Command:\n+0003a380: 2073 6574 205b 656e 7676 6172 3d76 616c set [envvar=val\n+0003a390: 7565 5d0a 2020 2020 2053 6574 2074 6865 ue]. Set the\n+0003a3a0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+0003a3b0: 6961 626c 6520 454e 5656 4152 2074 6f20 iable ENVVAR to \n+0003a3c0: 5641 4c55 452e 2020 4966 2069 6e76 6f6b VALUE. If invok\n+0003a3d0: 6564 2077 6974 6820 6e6f 0a20 2020 2020 ed with no. \n+0003a3e0: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732c 2070 7269 6e74 arguments, print\n+0003a3f0: 2061 6c6c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 all environment\n+0003a400: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2077 6974 6820 variables with \n+0003a410: 7468 6569 7220 7661 6c75 6573 2e20 2046 their values. F\n+0003a420: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6c69 7374 or. the list\n+0003a430: 206f 6620 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 of environment \n+0003a440: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6375 7272 656e variables curren\n+0003a450: 746c 7920 7573 6564 2062 7920 4752 5542 tly used by GRUB\n+0003a460: 2069 7473 656c 6620 7365 650a 2020 2020 itself see. \n+0003a470: 2074 6865 2072 656c 6576 616e 7420 7365 the relevant se\n+0003a480: 6374 696f 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 456e 7669 ction *note Envi\n+0003a490: 726f 6e6d 656e 743a 3a2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 ronment::.....Fi\n+0003a4a0: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+0003a4b0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7368 6131 7375 6d2c 2020 Node: sha1sum, \n+0003a4c0: 4e65 7874 3a20 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d2c Next: sha256sum,\n+0003a4d0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7365 742c 2020 5570 Prev: set, Up\n+0003a4e0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n+0003a4f0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3638 ommands..17.4.68\n+0003a500: 2073 6861 3173 756d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d sha1sum.-------\n+0003a510: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n+0003a520: 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 6861 3173 756d 2061 mmand: sha1sum a\n+0003a530: 7267 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 416c 6961 rg .... Alia\n+0003a540: 7320 666f 7220 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d s for ...hashsum\n+0003a550: 202d 2d68 6173 6820 7368 6131 2061 7267 --hash sha1 arg\n+0003a560: 202e 2e2e e280 992e 2020 5365 6520 636f ....... See co\n+0003a570: 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9868 6173 6873 756d mmand ...hashsum\n+0003a580: e280 990a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 .... (*note \n+0003a590: 6861 7368 7375 6d3a 3a29 2066 6f72 2066 hashsum::) for f\n+0003a5a0: 756c 6c20 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e2e ull description.\n+0003a5b0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+0003a5c0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7368 6132 nfo, Node: sha2\n+0003a5d0: 3536 7375 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7368 56sum, Next: sh\n+0003a5e0: 6135 3132 7375 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 a512sum, Prev: \n+0003a5f0: 7368 6131 7375 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 436f sha1sum, Up: Co\n+0003a600: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+0003a610: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3639 2073 6861 nds..17.4.69 sha\n+0003a620: 3235 3673 756d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 256sum.---------\n+0003a630: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n+0003a640: 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 6861 3235 3673 756d mmand: sha256sum\n+0003a650: 2061 7267 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 416c arg .... Al\n+0003a660: 6961 7320 666f 7220 e280 9868 6173 6873 ias for ...hashs\n+0003a670: 756d 202d 2d68 6173 6820 7368 6132 3536 um --hash sha256\n+0003a680: 2061 7267 202e 2e2e e280 992e 2020 5365 arg ....... Se\n+0003a690: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9868 6173 e command ...has\n+0003a6a0: 6873 756d e280 990a 2020 2020 2028 2a6e hsum.... (*n\n+0003a6b0: 6f74 6520 6861 7368 7375 6d3a 3a29 2066 ote hashsum::) f\n+0003a6c0: 6f72 2066 756c 6c20 6465 7363 7269 7074 or full descript\n+0003a6d0: 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ion.....File: gr\n+0003a6e0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+0003a6f0: 7368 6135 3132 7375 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 sha512sum, Next\n+0003a700: 3a20 736c 6565 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 : sleep, Prev: \n+0003a710: 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 sha256sum, Up: \n+0003a720: 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d Command-line com\n+0003a730: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3730 2073 mands..17.4.70 s\n+0003a740: 6861 3531 3273 756d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ha512sum.-------\n+0003a750: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+0003a760: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 6861 3531 3273 Command: sha512s\n+0003a770: 756d 2061 7267 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 um arg .... \n+0003a780: 416c 6961 7320 666f 7220 e280 9868 6173 Alias for ...has\n+0003a790: 6873 756d 202d 2d68 6173 6820 7368 6135 hsum --hash sha5\n+0003a7a0: 3132 2061 7267 202e 2e2e e280 992e 2020 12 arg ....... \n+0003a7b0: 5365 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 e280 9868 See command ...h\n+0003a7c0: 6173 6873 756d e280 990a 2020 2020 2028 ashsum.... (\n+0003a7d0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 6861 7368 7375 6d3a 3a29 *note hashsum::)\n+0003a7e0: 2066 6f72 2066 756c 6c20 6465 7363 7269 for full descri\n+0003a7f0: 7074 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ption.....File: \n+0003a800: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+0003a810: 3a20 736c 6565 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 : sleep, Next: \n+0003a820: 736d 6269 6f73 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2073 smbios, Prev: s\n+0003a830: 6861 3531 3273 756d 2c20 2055 703a 2043 ha512sum, Up: C\n+0003a840: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d ommand-line comm\n+0003a850: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 3120 736c ands..17.4.71 sl\n+0003a860: 6565 700a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d eep.------------\n+0003a870: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+0003a880: 736c 6565 7020 5b2d 2d76 6572 626f 7365 sleep [--verbose\n+0003a890: 5d20 5b2d 2d69 6e74 6572 7275 7074 6962 ] [--interruptib\n+0003a8a0: 6c65 5d20 636f 756e 740a 2020 2020 2053 le] count. S\n+0003a8b0: 6c65 6570 2066 6f72 2043 4f55 4e54 2073 leep for COUNT s\n+0003a8c0: 6563 6f6e 6473 2e20 2049 6620 6f70 7469 econds. If opti\n+0003a8d0: 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d 696e 7465 7272 7570 on ...--interrup\n+0003a8e0: 7469 626c 65e2 8099 2069 7320 6769 7665 tible... is give\n+0003a8f0: 6e2c 0a20 2020 2020 616c 6c6f 7720 7072 n,. allow pr\n+0003a900: 6573 7369 6e67 203c 4553 433e 2c20 3c46 essing , or holding do\n+0003a920: 776e 203c 5348 4946 543e 2074 6f20 696e wn to in\n+0003a930: 7465 7272 7570 740a 2020 2020 2073 6c65 terrupt. sle\n+0003a940: 6570 2e20 2057 6974 6820 e280 982d 2d76 ep. With ...--v\n+0003a950: 6572 626f 7365 e280 9920 7368 6f77 2063 erbose... show c\n+0003a960: 6f75 6e74 646f 776e 206f 6620 7265 6d61 ountdown of rema\n+0003a970: 696e 696e 6720 7365 636f 6e64 732e 2020 ining seconds. \n+0003a980: 4578 6974 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6465 2069 Exit. code i\n+0003a990: 7320 7365 7420 746f 2030 2069 6620 7469 s set to 0 if ti\n+0003a9a0: 6d65 6f75 7420 6578 7069 7265 6420 616e meout expired an\n+0003a9b0: 6420 746f 2031 2069 6620 7469 6d65 6f75 d to 1 if timeou\n+0003a9c0: 7420 7761 730a 2020 2020 2069 6e74 6572 t was. inter\n+0003a9d0: 7275 7074 6564 2075 7369 6e67 2061 6e79 rupted using any\n+0003a9e0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6d65 6e74 696f 6e65 of the mentione\n+0003a9f0: 6420 6b65 7973 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a d keys.....File:\n+0003aa00: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0003aa10: 653a 2073 6d62 696f 732c 2020 4e65 7874 e: smbios, Next\n+0003aa20: 3a20 736f 7572 6365 2c20 2050 7265 763a : source, Prev:\n+0003aa30: 2073 6c65 6570 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d sleep, Up: Com\n+0003aa40: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+0003aa50: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 3220 736d 6269 ds..17.4.72 smbi\n+0003aa60: 6f73 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d os.-------------\n+0003aa70: 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 -.. -- Command: \n+0003aa80: 736d 6269 6f73 205b 2d2d 7479 7065 2054 smbios [--type T\n+0003aa90: 5950 455d 205b 2d2d 6861 6e64 6c65 2048 YPE] [--handle H\n+0003aaa0: 414e 444c 455d 205b 2d2d 6d61 7463 6820 ANDLE] [--match \n+0003aab0: 4d41 5443 485d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 MATCH]. \n+0003aac0: 2028 2d2d 6765 742d 6279 7465 207c 202d (--get-byte | -\n+0003aad0: 2d67 6574 2d77 6f72 6420 7c20 2d2d 6765 -get-word | --ge\n+0003aae0: 742d 6477 6f72 6420 7c20 2d2d 6765 742d t-dword | --get-\n+0003aaf0: 7177 6f72 6420 7c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 qword |. \n+0003ab00: 2020 2d2d 6765 742d 7374 7269 6e67 207c --get-string |\n+0003ab10: 202d 2d67 6574 2d75 7569 6429 204f 4646 --get-uuid) OFF\n+0003ab20: 5345 5420 5b2d 2d73 6574 2056 4152 4941 SET [--set VARIA\n+0003ab30: 424c 455d 0a20 2020 2020 5265 7472 6965 BLE]. Retrie\n+0003ab40: 7665 2053 4d42 494f 5320 696e 666f 726d ve SMBIOS inform\n+0003ab50: 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 ation... The\n+0003ab60: 20e2 8098 736d 6269 6f73 e280 9920 636f ...smbios... co\n+0003ab70: 6d6d 616e 6420 7265 7475 726e 7320 7468 mmand returns th\n+0003ab80: 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2061 2066 6965 e value of a fie\n+0003ab90: 6c64 2069 6e20 616e 2053 4d42 494f 530a ld in an SMBIOS.\n+0003aba0: 2020 2020 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 2e20 structure. \n+0003abb0: 2054 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f The following o\n+0003abc0: 7074 696f 6e73 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 ptions determine\n+0003abd0: 2077 6869 6368 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 which structure\n+0003abe0: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2073 656c 6563 742e to. select.\n+0003abf0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 5370 .. ... Sp\n+0003ac00: 6563 6966 7969 6e67 20e2 8098 2d2d 7479 ecifying ...--ty\n+0003ac10: 7065 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2073 656c 6563 pe... will selec\n+0003ac20: 7420 7374 7275 6374 7572 6573 2077 6974 t structures wit\n+0003ac30: 6820 6120 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 0a20 2020 h a matching. \n+0003ac40: 2020 2020 2020 2054 5950 452e 2020 5468 TYPE. Th\n+0003ac50: 6520 7479 7065 2063 616e 2062 6520 616e e type can be an\n+0003ac60: 7920 696e 7465 6765 7220 6672 6f6d 2030 y integer from 0\n+0003ac70: 2074 6f20 3235 352e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 to 255.. \n+0003ac80: 20e2 80a2 2053 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 ... Specifying \n+0003ac90: e280 982d 2d68 616e 646c 65e2 8099 2077 ...--handle... w\n+0003aca0: 696c 6c20 7365 6c65 6374 2073 7472 7563 ill select struc\n+0003acb0: 7475 7265 7320 7769 7468 2061 206d 6174 tures with a mat\n+0003acc0: 6368 696e 670a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ching. \n+0003acd0: 4841 4e44 4c45 2e20 2054 6865 2068 616e HANDLE. The han\n+0003ace0: 646c 6520 6361 6e20 6265 2061 6e79 2069 dle can be any i\n+0003acf0: 6e74 6567 6572 2066 726f 6d20 3020 746f nteger from 0 to\n+0003ad00: 2036 3535 3335 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 65535.. \n+0003ad10: e280 a220 5370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 20e2 ... Specifying .\n+0003ad20: 8098 2d2d 6d61 7463 68e2 8099 2077 696c ..--match... wil\n+0003ad30: 6c20 7365 6c65 6374 2073 7472 7563 7475 l select structu\n+0003ad40: 7265 206e 756d 6265 7220 4d41 5443 4820 re number MATCH \n+0003ad50: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 in the. \n+0003ad60: 2066 696c 7465 7265 6420 6c69 7374 206f filtered list o\n+0003ad70: 6620 7374 7275 6374 7572 6573 3b20 652e f structures; e.\n+0003ad80: 672e 2020 e280 9873 6d62 696f 7320 2d2d g. ...smbios --\n+0003ad90: 7479 7065 2034 202d 2d6d 6174 6368 2032 type 4 --match 2\n+0003ada0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7769 .... wi\n+0003adb0: 6c6c 2073 656c 6563 7420 7468 6520 7365 ll select the se\n+0003adc0: 636f 6e64 2050 726f 6365 7373 2049 6e66 cond Process Inf\n+0003add0: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2028 5479 7065 2034 ormation (Type 4\n+0003ade0: 2920 7374 7275 6374 7572 652e 0a20 2020 ) structure.. \n+0003adf0: 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 206c 6973 7420 The list \n+0003ae00: 6973 2061 6c77 6179 7320 6f72 6465 7265 is always ordere\n+0003ae10: 6420 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 7468 d the same as th\n+0003ae20: 6520 6861 7264 7761 7265 2773 2053 4d42 e hardware's SMB\n+0003ae30: 494f 530a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7461 IOS. ta\n+0003ae40: 626c 652e 2020 5468 6520 6d61 7463 6820 ble. The match \n+0003ae50: 6e75 6d62 6572 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 number must be a\n+0003ae60: 2070 6f73 6974 6976 6520 696e 7465 6765 positive intege\n+0003ae70: 722e 2020 4966 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 r. If. \n+0003ae80: 2075 6e73 7065 6369 6669 6564 2c20 7468 unspecified, th\n+0003ae90: 6520 6669 7273 7420 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 e first matching\n+0003aea0: 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 2077 696c 6c20 structure will \n+0003aeb0: 6265 2073 656c 6563 7465 642e 0a0a 2020 be selected... \n+0003aec0: 2020 2054 6865 2072 656d 6169 6e69 6e67 The remaining\n+0003aed0: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2064 6574 6572 6d69 options determi\n+0003aee0: 6e65 2077 6869 6368 2066 6965 6c64 2069 ne which field i\n+0003aef0: 6e20 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2053 n the selected S\n+0003af00: 4d42 494f 530a 2020 2020 2073 7472 7563 MBIOS. struc\n+0003af10: 7475 7265 2074 6f20 7265 7475 726e 2e20 ture to return. \n+0003af20: 204f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 Only one of the\n+0003af30: 7365 206f 7074 696f 6e73 206d 6179 2062 se options may b\n+0003af40: 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6174 0a20 e specified at. \n+0003af50: 2020 2020 6120 7469 6d65 2e0a 0a20 2020 a time... \n+0003af60: 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 2057 6865 6e20 6769 ... When gi\n+0003af70: 7665 6e20 e280 982d 2d67 6574 2d62 7974 ven ...--get-byt\n+0003af80: 65e2 8099 2c20 7265 7475 726e 2074 6865 e..., return the\n+0003af90: 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 7468 6520 6279 value of the by\n+0003afa0: 7465 2061 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 te at. \n+0003afb0: 4f46 4653 4554 2062 7974 6573 2069 6e74 OFFSET bytes int\n+0003afc0: 6f20 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2053 o the selected S\n+0003afd0: 4d42 494f 5320 7374 7275 6374 7572 652e MBIOS structure.\n+0003afe0: 2020 4974 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 It will be. \n+0003aff0: 2020 2020 2020 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 formatted\n+0003b000: 2061 7320 616e 2075 6e73 6967 6e65 6420 as an unsigned \n+0003b010: 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 696e 7465 6765 722e decimal integer.\n+0003b020: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 2057 6865 . ... Whe\n+0003b030: 6e20 6769 7665 6e20 e280 982d 2d67 6574 n given ...--get\n+0003b040: 2d77 6f72 64e2 8099 2c20 7265 7475 726e -word..., return\n+0003b050: 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 7468 the value of th\n+0003b060: 6520 776f 7264 2028 7477 6f0a 2020 2020 e word (two. \n+0003b070: 2020 2020 2020 6279 7465 7329 2061 7420 bytes) at \n+0003b080: 4f46 4653 4554 2062 7974 6573 2069 6e74 OFFSET bytes int\n+0003b090: 6f20 7468 6520 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2053 o the selected S\n+0003b0a0: 4d42 494f 5320 7374 7275 6374 7572 652e MBIOS structure.\n+0003b0b0: 2020 4974 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 It. w\n+0003b0c0: 696c 6c20 6265 2066 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 ill be formatted\n+0003b0d0: 2061 7320 616e 2075 6e73 6967 6e65 6420 as an unsigned \n+0003b0e0: 6465 6369 6d61 6c20 696e 7465 6765 722e decimal integer.\n+0003b0f0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 20e2 80a2 2057 6865 . ... Whe\n+0003b100: 6e20 6769 7665 6e20 e280 982d 2d67 6574 n given ...--get\n+0003b110: 2d64 776f 7264 e280 992c 2072 6574 7572 -dword..., retur\n+0003b120: 6e20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 n the value of t\n+0003b130: 6865 2064 776f 7264 2028 666f 7572 0a20 he dword (four. \n+0003b140: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 7974 6573 2920 bytes) \n+0003b150: 6174 204f 4646 5345 5420 6279 7465 7320 at OFFSET bytes \n+0003b160: 696e 746f 2074 6865 2073 656c 6563 7465 into the selecte\n+0003b170: 6420 534d 4249 4f53 2073 7472 7563 7475 d SMBIOS structu\n+0003b180: 7265 2e20 2049 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 re. It. \n+0003b190: 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 666f 726d 6174 will be format\n+0003b1a0: 7465 6420 6173 2061 6e20 756e 7369 676e ted as an unsign\n+0003b1b0: 6564 2064 6563 696d 616c 2069 6e74 6567 ed decimal integ\n+0003b1c0: 6572 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 a220 er.. ... \n+0003b1d0: 5768 656e 2067 6976 656e 20e2 8098 2d2d When given ...--\n+0003b1e0: 6765 742d 7177 6f72 64e2 8099 2c20 7265 get-qword..., re\n+0003b1f0: 7475 726e 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f turn the value o\n+0003b200: 6620 7468 6520 7177 6f72 6420 2865 6967 f the qword (eig\n+0003b210: 6874 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 7974 ht. byt\n+0003b220: 6573 2920 6174 204f 4646 5345 5420 6279 es) at OFFSET by\n+0003b230: 7465 7320 696e 746f 2074 6865 2073 656c tes into the sel\n+0003b240: 6563 7465 6420 534d 4249 4f53 2073 7472 ected SMBIOS str\n+0003b250: 7563 7475 7265 2e20 2049 740a 2020 2020 ucture. It. \n+0003b260: 2020 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 666f will be fo\n+0003b270: 726d 6174 7465 6420 6173 2061 6e20 756e rmatted as an un\n+0003b280: 7369 676e 6564 2064 6563 696d 616c 2069 signed decimal i\n+0003b290: 6e74 6567 6572 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 nteger.. \n+0003b2a0: e280 a220 5768 656e 2067 6976 656e 20e2 ... When given .\n+0003b2b0: 8098 2d2d 6765 742d 7374 7269 6e67 e280 ..--get-string..\n+0003b2c0: 992c 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7468 6520 7374 ., return the st\n+0003b2d0: 7269 6e67 2077 6974 6820 6974 7320 696e ring with its in\n+0003b2e0: 6465 780a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 666f dex. fo\n+0003b2f0: 756e 6420 6174 204f 4646 5345 5420 6279 und at OFFSET by\n+0003b300: 7465 7320 696e 746f 2074 6865 2073 656c tes into the sel\n+0003b310: 6563 7465 6420 534d 4249 4f53 2073 7472 ected SMBIOS str\n+0003b320: 7563 7475 7265 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ucture.. \n+0003b330: e280 a220 5768 656e 2067 6976 656e 20e2 ... When given .\n+0003b340: 8098 2d2d 6765 742d 7575 6964 e280 992c ..--get-uuid...,\n+0003b350: 2072 6574 7572 6e20 7468 6520 7661 6c75 return the valu\n+0003b360: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2055 5549 4420 2873 e of the UUID (s\n+0003b370: 6978 7465 656e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ixteen. \n+0003b380: 2062 7974 6573 2920 6174 204f 4646 5345 bytes) at OFFSE\n+0003b390: 5420 6279 7465 7320 696e 746f 2074 6865 T bytes into the\n+0003b3a0: 2073 656c 6563 7465 6420 534d 4249 4f53 selected SMBIOS\n+0003b3b0: 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 2e20 2049 740a structure. It.\n+0003b3c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 will b\n+0003b3d0: 6520 666f 726d 6174 7465 6420 6173 206c e formatted as l\n+0003b3e0: 6f77 6572 2d63 6173 6520 6879 7068 656e ower-case hyphen\n+0003b3f0: 6174 6564 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c ated hexadecimal\n+0003b400: 2064 6967 6974 732c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 digits,. \n+0003b410: 2020 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6669 7273 with the firs\n+0003b420: 7420 7468 7265 6520 6669 656c 6473 2061 t three fields a\n+0003b430: 7320 6c69 7474 6c65 2d65 6e64 6961 6e2c s little-endian,\n+0003b440: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2072 6573 740a 2020 and the rest. \n+0003b450: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7072 696e 7465 6420 printed \n+0003b460: 6279 7465 2d62 792d 6279 7465 2e0a 0a20 byte-by-byte... \n+0003b470: 2020 2020 5468 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 The default \n+0003b480: 6163 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 746f 2070 7269 action is to pri\n+0003b490: 6e74 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 nt the value of \n+0003b4a0: 7468 6520 7265 7175 6573 7465 6420 6669 the requested fi\n+0003b4b0: 656c 6420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 eld to. the \n+0003b4c0: 636f 6e73 6f6c 652c 2062 7574 2061 2076 console, but a v\n+0003b4d0: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6e61 6d65 2063 616e ariable name can\n+0003b4e0: 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 7769 be specified wi\n+0003b4f0: 7468 20e2 8098 2d2d 7365 74e2 8099 2074 th ...--set... t\n+0003b500: 6f0a 2020 2020 2073 746f 7265 2074 6865 o. store the\n+0003b510: 2076 616c 7565 2069 6e73 7465 6164 206f value instead o\n+0003b520: 6620 7072 696e 7469 6e67 2069 742e 0a0a f printing it...\n+0003b530: 2020 2020 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 For example\n+0003b540: 2c20 7468 6973 2077 696c 6c20 7374 6f72 , this will stor\n+0003b550: 6520 616e 6420 7468 656e 2064 6973 706c e and then displ\n+0003b560: 6179 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 ay the system. \n+0003b570: 2020 206d 616e 7566 6163 7475 7265 7227 manufacturer'\n+0003b580: 7320 6e61 6d65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 s name... \n+0003b590: 2020 2073 6d62 696f 7320 2d2d 7479 7065 smbios --type\n+0003b5a0: 2031 202d 2d67 6574 2d73 7472 696e 6720 1 --get-string \n+0003b5b0: 3420 2d2d 7365 7420 7379 7374 656d 5f6d 4 --set system_m\n+0003b5c0: 616e 7566 6163 7475 7265 720a 2020 2020 anufacturer. \n+0003b5d0: 2020 2020 2020 6563 686f 2024 7379 7374 echo $syst\n+0003b5e0: 656d 5f6d 616e 7566 6163 7475 7265 720a em_manufacturer.\n+0003b5f0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+0003b600: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2073 6f75 7263 fo, Node: sourc\n+0003b610: 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7465 7374 2c20 e, Next: test, \n+0003b620: 2050 7265 763a 2073 6d62 696f 732c 2020 Prev: smbios, \n+0003b630: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n+0003b640: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n+0003b650: 3733 2073 6f75 7263 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 73 source.------\n+0003b660: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n+0003b670: 6d6d 616e 643a 2073 6f75 7263 6520 6669 mmand: source fi\n+0003b680: 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6164 2046 494c le. Read FIL\n+0003b690: 4520 6173 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 E as a configura\n+0003b6a0: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 652c 2061 7320 6966 tion file, as if\n+0003b6b0: 2069 7473 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6861 its contents ha\n+0003b6c0: 6420 6265 656e 0a20 2020 2020 696e 636f d been. inco\n+0003b6d0: 7270 6f72 6174 6564 2064 6972 6563 746c rporated directl\n+0003b6e0: 7920 696e 746f 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 y into the sourc\n+0003b6f0: 696e 6720 6669 6c65 2e20 2055 6e6c 696b ing file. Unlik\n+0003b700: 6520 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 e ...configfile.\n+0003b710: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 282a 6e6f 7465 2063 ... (*note c\n+0003b720: 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 653a 3a29 2c20 7468 onfigfile::), th\n+0003b730: 6973 2065 7865 6375 7465 7320 7468 6520 is executes the \n+0003b740: 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 4649 4c45 contents of FILE\n+0003b750: 2077 6974 686f 7574 0a20 2020 2020 6368 without. ch\n+0003b760: 616e 6769 6e67 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 3a20 anging context: \n+0003b770: 616e 7920 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 any environment \n+0003b780: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 6861 6e67 6573 variable changes\n+0003b790: 206d 6164 6520 6279 2074 6865 0a20 2020 made by the. \n+0003b7a0: 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2069 6e20 4649 commands in FI\n+0003b7b0: 4c45 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2070 7265 7365 LE will be prese\n+0003b7c0: 7276 6564 2061 6674 6572 20e2 8098 736f rved after ...so\n+0003b7d0: 7572 6365 e280 9920 7265 7475 726e 732c urce... returns,\n+0003b7e0: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 and the. me\n+0003b7f0: 6e75 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 6265 2073 nu will not be s\n+0003b800: 686f 776e 2069 6d6d 6564 6961 7465 6c79 hown immediately\n+0003b810: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+0003b820: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2074 6573 info, Node: tes\n+0003b830: 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7472 7565 2c20 t, Next: true, \n+0003b840: 2050 7265 763a 2073 6f75 7263 652c 2020 Prev: source, \n+0003b850: 5570 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 Up: Command-line\n+0003b860: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e commands..17.4.\n+0003b870: 3734 2074 6573 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 74 test.--------\n+0003b880: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+0003b890: 643a 2074 6573 7420 6578 7072 6573 7369 d: test expressi\n+0003b8a0: 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 4576 616c 7561 7465 on. Evaluate\n+0003b8b0: 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e20 616e 6420 EXPRESSION and \n+0003b8c0: 7265 7475 726e 207a 6572 6f20 6578 6974 return zero exit\n+0003b8d0: 2073 7461 7475 7320 6966 2072 6573 756c status if resul\n+0003b8e0: 7420 6973 2074 7275 652c 0a20 2020 2020 t is true,. \n+0003b8f0: 6e6f 6e20 7a65 726f 2073 7461 7475 7320 non zero status \n+0003b900: 6f74 6865 7277 6973 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 otherwise... \n+0003b910: 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e20 6973 206f EXPRESSION is o\n+0003b920: 6e65 206f 663a 0a0a 2020 2020 2053 5452 ne of:.. STR\n+0003b930: 494e 4731 20e2 8098 3d3d e280 9920 5354 ING1 ...==... ST\n+0003b940: 5249 4e47 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 RING2. \n+0003b950: 7468 6520 7374 7269 6e67 7320 6172 6520 the strings are \n+0003b960: 6571 7561 6c0a 2020 2020 2053 5452 494e equal. STRIN\n+0003b970: 4731 20e2 8098 213d e280 9920 5354 5249 G1 ...!=... STRI\n+0003b980: 4e47 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 NG2. th\n+0003b990: 6520 7374 7269 6e67 7320 6172 6520 6e6f e strings are no\n+0003b9a0: 7420 6571 7561 6c0a 2020 2020 2053 5452 t equal. STR\n+0003b9b0: 494e 4731 20e2 8098 3ce2 8099 2053 5452 ING1 ...<... STR\n+0003b9c0: 494e 4732 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 ING2. S\n+0003b9d0: 5452 494e 4731 2069 7320 6c65 7869 636f TRING1 is lexico\n+0003b9e0: 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c6c 7920 6c65 7373 graphically less\n+0003b9f0: 2074 6861 6e20 5354 5249 4e47 320a 2020 than STRING2. \n+0003ba00: 2020 2053 5452 494e 4731 20e2 8098 3c3d STRING1 ...<=\n+0003ba10: e280 9920 5354 5249 4e47 320a 2020 2020 ... STRING2. \n+0003ba20: 2020 2020 2020 5354 5249 4e47 3120 6973 STRING1 is\n+0003ba30: 206c 6578 6963 6f67 7261 7068 6963 616c lexicographical\n+0003ba40: 6c79 206c 6573 7320 6f72 2065 7175 616c ly less or equal\n+0003ba50: 2074 6861 6e20 5354 5249 4e47 320a 2020 than STRING2. \n+0003ba60: 2020 2053 5452 494e 4731 20e2 8098 3ee2 STRING1 ...>.\n+0003ba70: 8099 2053 5452 494e 4732 0a20 2020 2020 .. STRING2. \n+0003ba80: 2020 2020 2053 5452 494e 4731 2069 7320 STRING1 is \n+0003ba90: 6c65 7869 636f 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c6c lexicographicall\n+0003baa0: 7920 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e 2053 y greater than S\n+0003bab0: 5452 494e 4732 0a20 2020 2020 5354 5249 TRING2. STRI\n+0003bac0: 4e47 3120 e280 983e 3de2 8099 2053 5452 NG1 ...>=... STR\n+0003bad0: 494e 4732 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 ING2. S\n+0003bae0: 5452 494e 4731 2069 7320 6c65 7869 636f TRING1 is lexico\n+0003baf0: 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c6c 7920 6772 6561 graphically grea\n+0003bb00: 7465 7220 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2074 6861 ter or equal tha\n+0003bb10: 6e20 5354 5249 4e47 320a 2020 2020 2049 n STRING2. I\n+0003bb20: 4e54 4547 4552 3120 e280 982d 6571 e280 NTEGER1 ...-eq..\n+0003bb30: 9920 494e 5445 4745 5232 0a20 2020 2020 . INTEGER2. \n+0003bb40: 2020 2020 2049 4e54 4547 4552 3120 6973 INTEGER1 is\n+0003bb50: 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f20 494e 5445 4745 equal to INTEGE\n+0003bb60: 5232 0a20 2020 2020 494e 5445 4745 5231 R2. INTEGER1\n+0003bb70: 20e2 8098 2d67 65e2 8099 2049 4e54 4547 ...-ge... INTEG\n+0003bb80: 4552 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 494e ER2. IN\n+0003bb90: 5445 4745 5231 2069 7320 6772 6561 7465 TEGER1 is greate\n+0003bba0: 7220 7468 616e 206f 7220 6571 7561 6c20 r than or equal \n+0003bbb0: 746f 2049 4e54 4547 4552 320a 2020 2020 to INTEGER2. \n+0003bbc0: 2049 4e54 4547 4552 3120 e280 982d 6774 INTEGER1 ...-gt\n+0003bbd0: e280 9920 494e 5445 4745 5232 0a20 2020 ... INTEGER2. \n+0003bbe0: 2020 2020 2020 2049 4e54 4547 4552 3120 INTEGER1 \n+0003bbf0: 6973 2067 7265 6174 6572 2074 6861 6e20 is greater than \n+0003bc00: 494e 5445 4745 5232 0a20 2020 2020 494e INTEGER2. IN\n+0003bc10: 5445 4745 5231 20e2 8098 2d6c 65e2 8099 TEGER1 ...-le...\n+0003bc20: 2049 4e54 4547 4552 320a 2020 2020 2020 INTEGER2. \n+0003bc30: 2020 2020 494e 5445 4745 5231 2069 7320 INTEGER1 is \n+0003bc40: 6c65 7373 2074 6861 6e20 6f72 2065 7175 less than or equ\n+0003bc50: 616c 2074 6f20 494e 5445 4745 5232 0a20 al to INTEGER2. \n+0003bc60: 2020 2020 494e 5445 4745 5231 20e2 8098 INTEGER1 ...\n+0003bc70: 2d6c 74e2 8099 2049 4e54 4547 4552 320a -lt... INTEGER2.\n+0003bc80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 494e 5445 4745 INTEGE\n+0003bc90: 5231 2069 7320 6c65 7373 2074 6861 6e20 R1 is less than \n+0003bca0: 494e 5445 4745 5232 0a20 2020 2020 494e INTEGER2. IN\n+0003bcb0: 5445 4745 5231 20e2 8098 2d6e 65e2 8099 TEGER1 ...-ne...\n+0003bcc0: 2049 4e54 4547 4552 320a 2020 2020 2020 INTEGER2. \n+0003bcd0: 2020 2020 494e 5445 4745 5231 2069 7320 INTEGER1 is \n+0003bce0: 6e6f 7420 6571 7561 6c20 746f 2049 4e54 not equal to INT\n+0003bcf0: 4547 4552 320a 2020 2020 2050 5245 4649 EGER2. PREFI\n+0003bd00: 5849 4e54 4547 4552 3120 e280 982d 7067 XINTEGER1 ...-pg\n+0003bd10: 74e2 8099 2050 5245 4649 5849 4e54 4547 t... PREFIXINTEG\n+0003bd20: 4552 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 494e ER2. IN\n+0003bd30: 5445 4745 5231 2069 7320 6772 6561 7465 TEGER1 is greate\n+0003bd40: 7220 7468 616e 2049 4e54 4547 4552 3220 r than INTEGER2 \n+0003bd50: 6166 7465 7220 7374 7269 7070 696e 6720 after stripping \n+0003bd60: 6f66 6620 636f 6d6d 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 off common. \n+0003bd70: 2020 2020 206e 6f6e 2d6e 756d 6572 6963 non-numeric\n+0003bd80: 2050 5245 4649 582e 0a20 2020 2020 5052 PREFIX.. PR\n+0003bd90: 4546 4958 494e 5445 4745 5231 20e2 8098 EFIXINTEGER1 ...\n+0003bda0: 2d70 6c74 e280 9920 5052 4546 4958 494e -plt... PREFIXIN\n+0003bdb0: 5445 4745 5232 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 TEGER2. \n+0003bdc0: 2049 4e54 4547 4552 3120 6973 206c 6573 INTEGER1 is les\n+0003bdd0: 7320 7468 616e 2049 4e54 4547 4552 3220 s than INTEGER2 \n+0003bde0: 6166 7465 7220 7374 7269 7070 696e 6720 after stripping \n+0003bdf0: 6f66 6620 636f 6d6d 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 off common. \n+0003be00: 2020 2020 206e 6f6e 2d6e 756d 6572 6963 non-numeric\n+0003be10: 2050 5245 4649 582e 0a20 2020 2020 4649 PREFIX.. FI\n+0003be20: 4c45 3120 e280 982d 6e74 e280 9920 4649 LE1 ...-nt... FI\n+0003be30: 4c45 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4649 LE2. FI\n+0003be40: 4c45 3120 6973 206e 6577 6572 2074 6861 LE1 is newer tha\n+0003be50: 6e20 4649 4c45 3220 286d 6f64 6966 6963 n FILE2 (modific\n+0003be60: 6174 696f 6e20 7469 6d65 292e 2020 4f70 ation time). Op\n+0003be70: 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 2020 tionally. \n+0003be80: 2020 206e 756d 6572 6963 2042 4941 5320 numeric BIAS \n+0003be90: 6d61 7920 6265 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 may be directly \n+0003bea0: 6170 7065 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 e280 982d appended to ...-\n+0003beb0: 6e74 e280 9920 696e 2077 6869 6368 2063 nt... in which c\n+0003bec0: 6173 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6974 ase. it\n+0003bed0: 2069 7320 6164 6465 6420 746f 2074 6865 is added to the\n+0003bee0: 2066 6972 7374 2066 696c 6520 6d6f 6469 first file modi\n+0003bef0: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2074 696d 652e 0a20 fication time.. \n+0003bf00: 2020 2020 4649 4c45 3120 e280 982d 6f74 FILE1 ...-ot\n+0003bf10: e280 9920 4649 4c45 320a 2020 2020 2020 ... FILE2. \n+0003bf20: 2020 2020 4649 4c45 3120 6973 206f 6c64 FILE1 is old\n+0003bf30: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 4649 4c45 3220 286d er than FILE2 (m\n+0003bf40: 6f64 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7469 6d65 odification time\n+0003bf50: 292e 2020 4f70 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 0a20 ). Optionally. \n+0003bf60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 756d 6572 6963 numeric\n+0003bf70: 2042 4941 5320 6d61 7920 6265 2064 6972 BIAS may be dir\n+0003bf80: 6563 746c 7920 6170 7065 6e64 6564 2074 ectly appended t\n+0003bf90: 6f20 e280 982d 6f74 e280 9920 696e 2077 o ...-ot... in w\n+0003bfa0: 6869 6368 2063 6173 650a 2020 2020 2020 hich case. \n+0003bfb0: 2020 2020 6974 2069 7320 6164 6465 6420 it is added \n+0003bfc0: 746f 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2066 696c to the first fil\n+0003bfd0: 6520 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2074 e modification t\n+0003bfe0: 696d 652e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d 64e2 ime.. ...-d.\n+0003bff0: 8099 2046 494c 450a 2020 2020 2020 2020 .. FILE. \n+0003c000: 2020 4649 4c45 2065 7869 7374 7320 616e FILE exists an\n+0003c010: 6420 6973 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 d is a directory\n+0003c020: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d 65e2 8099 2046 . ...-e... F\n+0003c030: 494c 450a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4649 ILE. FI\n+0003c040: 4c45 2065 7869 7374 730a 2020 2020 20e2 LE exists. .\n+0003c050: 8098 2d66 e280 9920 4649 4c45 0a20 2020 ..-f... FILE. \n+0003c060: 2020 2020 2020 2046 494c 4520 6578 6973 FILE exis\n+0003c070: 7473 2061 6e64 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 6120 ts and is not a \n+0003c080: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 790a 2020 2020 20e2 directory. .\n+0003c090: 8098 2d73 e280 9920 4649 4c45 0a20 2020 ..-s... FILE. \n+0003c0a0: 2020 2020 2020 2046 494c 4520 6578 6973 FILE exis\n+0003c0b0: 7473 2061 6e64 2068 6173 2061 2073 697a ts and has a siz\n+0003c0c0: 6520 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e 207a e greater than z\n+0003c0d0: 6572 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2d6e e280 ero. ...-n..\n+0003c0e0: 9920 5354 5249 4e47 0a20 2020 2020 2020 . STRING. \n+0003c0f0: 2020 2074 6865 206c 656e 6774 6820 6f66 the length of\n+0003c100: 2053 5452 494e 4720 6973 206e 6f6e 7a65 STRING is nonze\n+0003c110: 726f 0a20 2020 2020 5354 5249 4e47 0a20 ro. STRING. \n+0003c120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 5452 494e 4720 STRING \n+0003c130: 6973 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e 7420 746f is equivalent to\n+0003c140: 20e2 8098 2d6e 2053 5452 494e 47e2 8099 ...-n STRING...\n+0003c150: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982d 7ae2 8099 2053 . ...-z... S\n+0003c160: 5452 494e 470a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 TRING. \n+0003c170: 7468 6520 6c65 6e67 7468 206f 6620 5354 the length of ST\n+0003c180: 5249 4e47 2069 7320 7a65 726f 0a20 2020 RING is zero. \n+0003c190: 2020 e280 9828 e280 9920 4558 5052 4553 ...(... EXPRES\n+0003c1a0: 5349 4f4e 20e2 8098 29e2 8099 0a20 2020 SION ...).... \n+0003c1b0: 2020 2020 2020 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f EXPRESSIO\n+0003c1c0: 4e20 6973 2074 7275 650a 2020 2020 20e2 N is true. .\n+0003c1d0: 8098 21e2 8099 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f ..!... EXPRESSIO\n+0003c1e0: 4e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4558 5052 N. EXPR\n+0003c1f0: 4553 5349 4f4e 2069 7320 6661 6c73 650a ESSION is false.\n+0003c200: 2020 2020 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e31 EXPRESSION1\n+0003c210: 20e2 8098 2d61 e280 9920 4558 5052 4553 ...-a... EXPRES\n+0003c220: 5349 4f4e 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 SION2. \n+0003c230: 626f 7468 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e31 both EXPRESSION1\n+0003c240: 2061 6e64 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e32 and EXPRESSION2\n+0003c250: 2061 7265 2074 7275 650a 2020 2020 2045 are true. E\n+0003c260: 5850 5245 5353 494f 4e31 2045 5850 5245 XPRESSION1 EXPRE\n+0003c270: 5353 494f 4e32 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 SSION2. \n+0003c280: 2062 6f74 6820 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e both EXPRESSION\n+0003c290: 3120 616e 6420 4558 5052 4553 5349 4f4e 1 and EXPRESSION\n+0003c2a0: 3220 6172 6520 7472 7565 2e20 2054 6869 2 are true. Thi\n+0003c2b0: 7320 7379 6e74 6178 2069 7320 6e6f 740a s syntax is not.\n+0003c2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 504f 5349 582d POSIX-\n+0003c2d0: 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 7420 616e 6420 6973 compliant and is\n+0003c2e0: 206e 6f74 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 not recommended\n+0003c2f0: 2e0a 2020 2020 2045 5850 5245 5353 494f .. EXPRESSIO\n+0003c300: 4e31 20e2 8098 2d6f e280 9920 4558 5052 N1 ...-o... EXPR\n+0003c310: 4553 5349 4f4e 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ESSION2. \n+0003c320: 2020 6569 7468 6572 2045 5850 5245 5353 either EXPRESS\n+0003c330: 494f 4e31 206f 7220 4558 5052 4553 5349 ION1 or EXPRESSI\n+0003c340: 4f4e 3220 6973 2074 7275 650a 0a1f 0a46 ON2 is true....F\n+0003c350: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0003c360: 204e 6f64 653a 2074 7275 652c 2020 4e65 Node: true, Ne\n+0003c370: 7874 3a20 7472 7573 742c 2020 5072 6576 xt: trust, Prev\n+0003c380: 3a20 7465 7374 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d : test, Up: Com\n+0003c390: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n+0003c3a0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 3520 7472 7565 ds..17.4.75 true\n+0003c3b0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 .------------.. \n+0003c3c0: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 7472 7565 -- Command: true\n+0003c3d0: 0a20 2020 2020 446f 206e 6f74 6869 6e67 . Do nothing\n+0003c3e0: 2c20 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2e20 , successfully. \n+0003c3f0: 2054 6869 7320 6973 206d 6169 6e6c 7920 This is mainly \n+0003c400: 7573 6566 756c 2069 6e20 636f 6e74 726f useful in contro\n+0003c410: 6c0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 l. construct\n+0003c420: 7320 7375 6368 2061 7320 e280 9869 66e2 s such as ...if.\n+0003c430: 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 7768 696c 65e2 .. and ...while.\n+0003c440: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 5368 656c 6c2d .. (*note Shell-\n+0003c450: 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 3a3a like scripting::\n+0003c460: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ).....File: grub\n+0003c470: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7472 .info, Node: tr\n+0003c480: 7573 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 756e 7365 ust, Next: unse\n+0003c490: 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7472 7565 2c20 t, Prev: true, \n+0003c4a0: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e Up: Command-lin\n+0003c4b0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 e commands..17.4\n+0003c4c0: 2e37 3620 7472 7573 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .76 trust.------\n+0003c4d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+0003c4e0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 7472 7573 7420 5b2d 2d73 mand: trust [--s\n+0003c4f0: 6b69 702d 7369 675d 2070 7562 6b65 795f kip-sig] pubkey_\n+0003c500: 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6164 2070 file. Read p\n+0003c510: 7562 6c69 6320 6b65 7920 6672 6f6d 2050 ublic key from P\n+0003c520: 5542 4b45 595f 4649 4c45 2061 6e64 2061 UBKEY_FILE and a\n+0003c530: 6464 2069 7420 746f 2047 5255 4227 7320 dd it to GRUB's \n+0003c540: 696e 7465 726e 616c 206c 6973 740a 2020 internal list. \n+0003c550: 2020 206f 6620 7472 7573 7465 6420 7075 of trusted pu\n+0003c560: 626c 6963 206b 6579 732e 2020 5468 6573 blic keys. Thes\n+0003c570: 6520 6b65 7973 2061 7265 2075 7365 6420 e keys are used \n+0003c580: 746f 2076 616c 6964 6174 6520 6469 6769 to validate digi\n+0003c590: 7461 6c0a 2020 2020 2073 6967 6e61 7475 tal. signatu\n+0003c5a0: 7265 7320 7768 656e 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e res when environ\n+0003c5b0: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 ment variable ..\n+0003c5c0: 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 .check_signature\n+0003c5d0: 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 0a20 s... is set to. \n+0003c5e0: 2020 2020 e280 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 ...enforce..\n+0003c5f0: 992e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 6966 .. Note that if\n+0003c600: 20e2 8098 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 ...check_signat\n+0003c610: 7572 6573 e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 2074 ures... is set t\n+0003c620: 6f20 e280 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 990a o ...enforce....\n+0003c630: 2020 2020 2077 6865 6e20 e280 9874 7275 when ...tru\n+0003c640: 7374 e280 9920 6578 6563 7574 6573 2c20 st... executes, \n+0003c650: 7468 656e 2050 5542 4b45 595f 4649 4c45 then PUBKEY_FILE\n+0003c660: 206d 7573 7420 6974 7365 6c66 2062 6520 must itself be \n+0003c670: 7072 6f70 6572 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 7369 properly. si\n+0003c680: 676e 6564 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d gned. The ...--\n+0003c690: 736b 6970 2d73 6967 e280 9920 6f70 7469 skip-sig... opti\n+0003c6a0: 6f6e 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 on can be used t\n+0003c6b0: 6f20 6469 7361 626c 650a 2020 2020 2073 o disable. s\n+0003c6c0: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 2d63 6865 636b 696e ignature-checkin\n+0003c6d0: 6720 7768 656e 2072 6561 6469 6e67 2050 g when reading P\n+0003c6e0: 5542 4b45 595f 4649 4c45 2069 7473 656c UBKEY_FILE itsel\n+0003c6f0: 662e 2020 4974 2069 7320 6578 7065 6374 f. It is expect\n+0003c700: 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6174 20e2 8098 ed. that ...\n+0003c710: 2d2d 736b 6970 2d73 6967 e280 9920 6973 --skip-sig... is\n+0003c720: 2075 7365 6675 6c20 666f 7220 7465 7374 useful for test\n+0003c730: 696e 6720 616e 6420 6d61 6e75 616c 2062 ing and manual b\n+0003c740: 6f6f 7469 6e67 2e20 202a 4e6f 7465 0a20 ooting. *Note. \n+0003c750: 2020 2020 5573 696e 6720 6469 6769 7461 Using digita\n+0003c760: 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 2c20 l signatures::, \n+0003c770: 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 for more informa\n+0003c780: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 tion.....File: g\n+0003c790: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+0003c7a0: 2075 6e73 6574 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2076 unset, Next: v\n+0003c7b0: 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 2c20 erify_detached, \n+0003c7c0: 2050 7265 763a 2074 7275 7374 2c20 2055 Prev: trust, U\n+0003c7d0: 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 p: Command-line \n+0003c7e0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e37 commands..17.4.7\n+0003c7f0: 3720 756e 7365 740a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 7 unset.--------\n+0003c800: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n+0003c810: 6e64 3a20 756e 7365 7420 656e 7676 6172 nd: unset envvar\n+0003c820: 0a20 2020 2020 556e 7365 7420 7468 6520 . Unset the \n+0003c830: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n+0003c840: 6162 6c65 2045 4e56 5641 522e 0a0a 1f0a able ENVVAR.....\n+0003c850: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+0003c860: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7665 7269 6679 5f64 Node: verify_d\n+0003c870: 6574 6163 6865 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 etached, Next: \n+0003c880: 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 6f2c 2020 5072 6576 videoinfo, Prev\n+0003c890: 3a20 756e 7365 742c 2020 5570 3a20 436f : unset, Up: Co\n+0003c8a0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n+0003c8b0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3738 2076 6572 nds..17.4.78 ver\n+0003c8c0: 6966 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 0a2d 2d2d ify_detached.---\n 0003c8d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0003c8e0: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2076 .. -- Command: v\n-0003c8f0: 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 205b erify_detached [\n-0003c900: 2d2d 736b 6970 2d73 6967 5d20 6669 6c65 --skip-sig] file\n-0003c910: 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 5f66 696c 650a signature_file.\n-0003c920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b70 7562 6b65 [pubke\n-0003c930: 795f 6669 6c65 5d0a 2020 2020 2056 6572 y_file]. Ver\n-0003c940: 6966 6965 7320 6120 4750 472d 7374 796c ifies a GPG-styl\n-0003c950: 6520 6465 7461 6368 6564 2073 6967 6e61 e detached signa\n-0003c960: 7475 7265 2c20 7768 6572 6520 7468 6520 ture, where the \n-0003c970: 7369 676e 6564 2066 696c 6520 6973 0a20 signed file is. \n-0003c980: 2020 2020 4649 4c45 2c20 616e 6420 7468 FILE, and th\n-0003c990: 6520 7369 676e 6174 7572 6520 6974 7365 e signature itse\n-0003c9a0: 6c66 2069 7320 696e 2066 696c 6520 5349 lf is in file SI\n-0003c9b0: 474e 4154 5552 455f 4649 4c45 2e0a 2020 GNATURE_FILE.. \n-0003c9c0: 2020 204f 7074 696f 6e61 6c6c 792c 2061 Optionally, a\n-0003c9d0: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6320 7075 626c 6963 specific public\n-0003c9e0: 206b 6579 2074 6f20 7573 6520 6361 6e20 key to use can \n-0003c9f0: 6265 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2075 7369 be specified usi\n-0003ca00: 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 5055 424b 4559 5f46 ng. PUBKEY_F\n-0003ca10: 494c 452e 2020 5768 656e 2065 6e76 6972 ILE. When envir\n-0003ca20: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 onment variable \n-0003ca30: e280 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 ...check_signatu\n-0003ca40: 7265 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 740a 2020 res... is set. \n-0003ca50: 2020 2074 6f20 e280 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 to ...enforce\n-0003ca60: e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 5055 424b 4559 ..., then PUBKEY\n-0003ca70: 5f46 494c 4520 6d75 7374 2069 7473 656c _FILE must itsel\n-0003ca80: 6620 6265 2070 726f 7065 726c 7920 7369 f be properly si\n-0003ca90: 676e 6564 2062 7920 616e 0a20 2020 2020 gned by an. \n-0003caa0: 616c 7265 6164 792d 7472 7573 7465 6420 already-trusted \n-0003cab0: 6b65 792e 2020 416e 2075 6e73 6967 6e65 key. An unsigne\n-0003cac0: 6420 5055 424b 4559 5f46 494c 4520 6361 d PUBKEY_FILE ca\n-0003cad0: 6e20 6265 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6279 0a20 n be loaded by. \n-0003cae0: 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 7969 6e67 20e2 specifying .\n-0003caf0: 8098 2d2d 736b 6970 2d73 6967 e280 992e ..--skip-sig....\n-0003cb00: 2020 4966 2050 5542 4b45 595f 4649 4c45 If PUBKEY_FILE\n-0003cb10: 2069 7320 6f6d 6974 7465 642c 2074 6865 is omitted, the\n-0003cb20: 6e20 7075 626c 6963 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 n public. ke\n-0003cb30: 7973 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 2773 2074 ys from GRUB's t\n-0003cb40: 7275 7374 6564 206b 6579 7320 282a 6e6f rusted keys (*no\n-0003cb50: 7465 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 643a te list_trusted:\n-0003cb60: 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 2074 7275 7374 3a3a :, *note trust::\n-0003cb70: 2c0a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 202a 6e6f 7465 ,. and *note\n-0003cb80: 2064 6973 7472 7573 743a 3a29 2061 7265 distrust::) are\n-0003cb90: 2074 7269 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4578 tried... Ex\n-0003cba0: 6974 2063 6f64 6520 e280 9824 3fe2 8099 it code ...$?...\n-0003cbb0: 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 2030 2069 6620 is set to 0 if \n-0003cbc0: 7468 6520 7369 676e 6174 7572 6520 7661 the signature va\n-0003cbd0: 6c69 6461 7465 7320 7375 6363 6573 7366 lidates successf\n-0003cbe0: 756c 6c79 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7661 ully.. If va\n-0003cbf0: 6c69 6461 7469 6f6e 2066 6169 6c73 2c20 lidation fails, \n-0003cc00: 6974 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 2061 206e it is set to a n\n-0003cc10: 6f6e 2d7a 6572 6f20 7661 6c75 652e 2020 on-zero value. \n-0003cc20: 2a4e 6f74 6520 5573 696e 670a 2020 2020 *Note Using. \n-0003cc30: 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 digital signatu\n-0003cc40: 7265 733a 3a2c 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 res::, for more \n-0003cc50: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a information.....\n-0003cc60: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0003cc70: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 Node: videoinf\n-0003cc80: 6f2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7772 6d73 722c o, Next: wrmsr,\n-0003cc90: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7665 7269 6679 5f64 Prev: verify_d\n-0003cca0: 6574 6163 6865 642c 2020 5570 3a20 436f etached, Up: Co\n-0003ccb0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 mmand-line comma\n-0003ccc0: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3739 2076 6964 nds..17.4.79 vid\n-0003ccd0: 656f 696e 666f 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d eoinfo.---------\n-0003cce0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f --------.. -- Co\n-0003ccf0: 6d6d 616e 643a 2076 6964 656f 696e 666f mmand: videoinfo\n-0003cd00: 205b 5b57 7848 5d78 445d 0a20 2020 2020 [[WxH]xD]. \n-0003cd10: 4c69 7374 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2076 List available v\n-0003cd20: 6964 656f 206d 6f64 6573 2e20 2049 6620 ideo modes. If \n-0003cd30: 7265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6769 resolution is gi\n-0003cd40: 7665 6e2c 2073 686f 7720 6f6e 6c79 0a20 ven, show only. \n-0003cd50: 2020 2020 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 206d 6f64 matching mod\n-0003cd60: 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 es.....File: gru\n-0003cd70: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2077 b.info, Node: w\n-0003cd80: 726d 7372 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2076 6964 rmsr, Prev: vid\n-0003cd90: 656f 696e 666f 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d eoinfo, Up: Com\n-0003cda0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f 6d6d 616e mand-line comman\n-0003cdb0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e38 3020 7772 6d73 ds..17.4.80 wrms\n-0003cdc0: 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a r.-------------.\n-0003cdd0: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a3a 2077 . -- Command:: w\n-0003cde0: 726d 7372 2030 7841 4444 5220 3078 5641 rmsr 0xADDR 0xVA\n-0003cdf0: 4c55 450a 2020 2020 2057 7269 7465 2061 LUE. Write a\n-0003ce00: 2030 7856 414c 5545 2074 6f20 6120 6d6f 0xVALUE to a mo\n-0003ce10: 6465 6c2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2072 6567 del-specific reg\n-0003ce20: 6973 7465 7220 6174 2061 6464 7265 7373 ister at address\n-0003ce30: 2030 7841 4444 522e 0a0a 2020 2020 2050 0xADDR... P\n-0003ce40: 6c65 6173 6520 6e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 lease note that \n-0003ce50: 6f6e 2053 4d50 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 on SMP systems, \n-0003ce60: 7772 6974 696e 6720 746f 2061 204d 5352 writing to a MSR\n-0003ce70: 2074 6861 7420 6861 7320 6120 7363 6f70 that has a scop\n-0003ce80: 650a 2020 2020 2070 6572 2068 6172 6477 e. per hardw\n-0003ce90: 6172 6520 7468 7265 6164 2c20 696d 706c are thread, impl\n-0003cea0: 6965 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 2076 616c ies that the val\n-0003ceb0: 7565 2074 6861 7420 6973 2077 7269 7474 ue that is writt\n-0003cec0: 656e 206f 6e6c 790a 2020 2020 2061 7070 en only. app\n-0003ced0: 6c69 6573 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7061 7274 lies to the part\n-0003cee0: 6963 756c 6172 2063 7075 2f63 6f72 652f icular cpu/core/\n-0003cef0: 7468 7265 6164 2074 6861 7420 7275 6e73 thread that runs\n-0003cf00: 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2e0a 0a20 the command... \n-0003cf10: 2020 2020 416c 736f 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 Also, if you\n-0003cf20: 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 2072 6573 6572 specify a reser\n-0003cf30: 7665 6420 6f72 2075 6e69 6d70 6c65 6d65 ved or unimpleme\n-0003cf40: 6e74 6564 204d 5352 2061 6464 7265 7373 nted MSR address\n-0003cf50: 2c20 6974 0a20 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2063 , it. will c\n-0003cf60: 6175 7365 2061 2067 656e 6572 616c 2070 ause a general p\n-0003cf70: 726f 7465 6374 696f 6e20 6578 6365 7074 rotection except\n-0003cf80: 696f 6e20 2877 6869 6368 2069 7320 6e6f ion (which is no\n-0003cf90: 7420 6375 7272 656e 746c 790a 2020 2020 t currently. \n-0003cfa0: 2062 6569 6e67 2068 616e 646c 6564 2920 being handled) \n-0003cfb0: 616e 6420 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 2077 and the system w\n-0003cfc0: 696c 6c20 7265 626f 6f74 2e0a 0a20 2020 ill reboot... \n-0003cfd0: 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 5468 6520 636f 6d6d Note: The comm\n-0003cfe0: 616e 6420 6973 206e 6f74 2061 6c6c 6f77 and is not allow\n-0003cff0: 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6c6f 636b 646f 776e ed when lockdown\n-0003d000: 2069 7320 656e 666f 7263 6564 2028 2a6e is enforced (*n\n-0003d010: 6f74 650a 2020 2020 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 ote. Lockdow\n-0003d020: 6e3a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2064 n::). This is d\n-0003d030: 6f6e 6520 746f 2070 7265 7665 6e74 2073 one to prevent s\n-0003d040: 7562 7665 7274 696e 6720 7661 7269 6f75 ubverting variou\n-0003d050: 7320 7365 6375 7269 7479 0a20 2020 2020 s security. \n-0003d060: 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 mechanisms.....F\n-0003d070: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-0003d080: 204e 6f64 653a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e Node: Networkin\n-0003d090: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 204e 6578 g commands, Nex\n-0003d0a0: 743a 2055 6e64 6f63 756d 656e 7465 6420 t: Undocumented \n-0003d0b0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2050 7265 763a commands, Prev:\n-0003d0c0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n-0003d0d0: 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6d mmands, Up: Com\n-0003d0e0: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 3520 4e65 7477 mands..17.5 Netw\n-0003d0f0: 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a orking commands.\n-0003d100: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003d110: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 ========..* Menu\n-0003d120: 3a0a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f61 6464 :..* net_add_add\n-0003d130: 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r:: \n-0003d140: 2020 2041 6464 2061 206e 6574 776f 726b Add a network\n-0003d150: 2061 6464 7265 7373 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 address.* net_a\n-0003d160: 6464 5f64 6e73 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 dd_dns:: \n-0003d170: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 6464 2061 2044 Add a D\n-0003d180: 4e53 2073 6572 7665 720a 2a20 6e65 745f NS server.* net_\n-0003d190: 6164 645f 726f 7574 653a 3a20 2020 2020 add_route:: \n-0003d1a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4164 6420 726f Add ro\n-0003d1b0: 7574 696e 6720 656e 7472 790a 2a20 6e65 uting entry.* ne\n-0003d1c0: 745f 626f 6f74 703a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 t_bootp:: \n-0003d1d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5065 7266 Perf\n-0003d1e0: 6f72 6d20 6120 626f 6f74 702f 4448 4350 orm a bootp/DHCP\n-0003d1f0: 2061 7574 6f63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 autoconfigurati\n-0003d200: 6f6e 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f61 6464 on.* net_del_add\n-0003d210: 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r:: \n-0003d220: 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 4950 2061 6464 Remove IP add\n-0003d230: 7265 7373 2066 726f 6d20 696e 7465 7266 ress from interf\n-0003d240: 6163 650a 2a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 646e ace.* net_del_dn\n-0003d250: 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s:: \n-0003d260: 2020 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 2061 2044 4e53 Remove a DNS\n-0003d270: 2073 6572 7665 720a 2a20 6e65 745f 6465 server.* net_de\n-0003d280: 6c5f 726f 7574 653a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 l_route:: \n-0003d290: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 2061 Remove a\n-0003d2a0: 2072 6f75 7465 2065 6e74 7279 0a2a 206e route entry.* n\n-0003d2b0: 6574 5f64 6863 703a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 et_dhcp:: \n-0003d2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2050 6572 Per\n-0003d2d0: 666f 726d 2061 2044 4843 5020 6175 746f form a DHCP auto\n-0003d2e0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 configuration.* \n-0003d2f0: 6e65 745f 6765 745f 6468 6370 5f6f 7074 net_get_dhcp_opt\n-0003d300: 696f 6e3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 ion:: Re\n-0003d310: 7472 6965 7665 2044 4843 5020 6f70 7469 trieve DHCP opti\n-0003d320: 6f6e 730a 2a20 6e65 745f 6970 7636 5f61 ons.* net_ipv6_a\n-0003d330: 7574 6f63 6f6e 663a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 utoconf:: \n-0003d340: 2020 2020 5065 7266 6f72 6d20 4950 7636 Perform IPv6\n-0003d350: 2061 7574 6f63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 autoconfigurati\n-0003d360: 6f6e 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 on.* net_ls_addr\n-0003d370: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :: \n-0003d380: 2020 204c 6973 7420 696e 7465 7266 6163 List interfac\n-0003d390: 6573 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 es.* net_ls_card\n-0003d3a0: 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s:: \n-0003d3b0: 2020 204c 6973 7420 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 List network \n-0003d3c0: 6361 7264 730a 2a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f64 cards.* net_ls_d\n-0003d3d0: 6e73 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ns:: \n-0003d3e0: 2020 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2044 4e53 2073 List DNS s\n-0003d3f0: 6572 7665 7273 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f ervers.* net_ls_\n-0003d400: 726f 7574 6573 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 routes:: \n-0003d410: 2020 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 726f 7574 List rout\n-0003d420: 696e 6720 656e 7472 6965 730a 2a20 6e65 ing entries.* ne\n-0003d430: 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 3a3a 2020 2020 t_nslookup:: \n-0003d440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5065 7266 Perf\n-0003d450: 6f72 6d20 6120 444e 5320 6c6f 6f6b 7570 orm a DNS lookup\n-0003d460: 0a2a 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 6e3a .* net_set_vlan:\n-0003d470: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0003d480: 2053 6574 2076 6c61 6e20 6964 206f 6e20 Set vlan id on \n-0003d490: 616e 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a0a 1f0a an interface....\n-0003d4a0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0003d4b0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f Node: net_add_\n-0003d4c0: 6164 6472 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 addr, Next: net\n-0003d4d0: 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 2c20 2055 703a 204e _add_dns, Up: N\n-0003d4e0: 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e etworking comman\n-0003d4f0: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e31 206e 6574 5f61 ds..17.5.1 net_a\n-0003d500: 6464 5f61 6464 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d dd_addr.--------\n-0003d510: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n-0003d520: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 Command: net_ad\n-0003d530: 645f 6164 6472 2049 4e54 4552 4641 4345 d_addr INTERFACE\n-0003d540: 2043 4152 4420 4144 4452 4553 530a 2020 CARD ADDRESS. \n-0003d550: 2020 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 2061 6464 Configure add\n-0003d560: 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 itional network \n-0003d570: 494e 5445 5246 4143 4520 7769 7468 2041 INTERFACE with A\n-0003d580: 4444 5245 5353 206f 6e20 6120 6e65 7477 DDRESS on a netw\n-0003d590: 6f72 6b0a 2020 2020 2043 4152 442e 2020 ork. CARD. \n-0003d5a0: 4144 4452 4553 5320 6361 6e20 6265 2065 ADDRESS can be e\n-0003d5b0: 6974 6865 7220 4950 2069 6e20 646f 7474 ither IP in dott\n-0003d5c0: 6564 2064 6563 696d 616c 206e 6f74 6174 ed decimal notat\n-0003d5d0: 696f 6e2c 206f 720a 2020 2020 2073 796d ion, or. sym\n-0003d5e0: 626f 6c69 6320 6e61 6d65 2077 6869 6368 bolic name which\n-0003d5f0: 2069 7320 7265 736f 6c76 6564 2075 7369 is resolved usi\n-0003d600: 6e67 2044 4e53 206c 6f6f 6b75 702e 2020 ng DNS lookup. \n-0003d610: 4966 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c2c 0a20 If successful,. \n-0003d620: 2020 2020 7468 6973 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 this command\n-0003d630: 2061 6c73 6f20 6164 6473 206c 6f63 616c also adds local\n-0003d640: 206c 696e 6b20 726f 7574 696e 6720 656e link routing en\n-0003d650: 7472 7920 746f 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 try to the defau\n-0003d660: 6c74 0a20 2020 2020 7375 626e 6574 206f lt. subnet o\n-0003d670: 6620 4144 4452 4553 5320 7769 7468 206e f ADDRESS with n\n-0003d680: 616d 6520 494e 5445 5246 4143 45e2 8098 ame INTERFACE...\n-0003d690: 3a6c 6f63 616c e280 9920 7669 6120 494e :local... via IN\n-0003d6a0: 5445 5246 4143 452e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 TERFACE.....File\n-0003d6b0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-0003d6c0: 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f 646e 732c de: net_add_dns,\n-0003d6d0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f Next: net_add_\n-0003d6e0: 726f 7574 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 route, Prev: ne\n-0003d6f0: 745f 6164 645f 6164 6472 2c20 2055 703a t_add_addr, Up:\n-0003d700: 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d Networking comm\n-0003d710: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e32 206e 6574 ands..17.5.2 net\n-0003d720: 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _add_dns.-------\n-0003d730: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n-0003d740: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 Command: net_ad\n-0003d750: 645f 646e 7320 5345 5256 4552 0a20 2020 d_dns SERVER. \n-0003d760: 2020 5265 736f 6c76 6520 5345 5256 4552 Resolve SERVER\n-0003d770: 2049 5020 6164 6472 6573 7320 616e 6420 IP address and \n-0003d780: 6164 6420 746f 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 add to the list \n-0003d790: 6f66 2044 4e53 2073 6572 7665 7273 2075 of DNS servers u\n-0003d7a0: 7365 640a 2020 2020 2064 7572 696e 6720 sed. during \n-0003d7b0: 6e61 6d65 206c 6f6f 6b75 702e 0a0a 1f0a name lookup.....\n-0003d7c0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0003d7d0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f Node: net_add_\n-0003d7e0: 726f 7574 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 route, Next: ne\n-0003d7f0: 745f 626f 6f74 702c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 t_bootp, Prev: \n-0003d800: 6e65 745f 6164 645f 646e 732c 2020 5570 net_add_dns, Up\n-0003d810: 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d : Networking com\n-0003d820: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3320 6e65 mands..17.5.3 ne\n-0003d830: 745f 6164 645f 726f 7574 650a 2d2d 2d2d t_add_route.----\n+0003c8e0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+0003c8f0: 643a 2076 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 6368 d: verify_detach\n+0003c900: 6564 205b 2d2d 736b 6970 2d73 6967 5d20 ed [--skip-sig] \n+0003c910: 6669 6c65 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 5f66 file signature_f\n+0003c920: 696c 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5b70 ile. [p\n+0003c930: 7562 6b65 795f 6669 6c65 5d0a 2020 2020 ubkey_file]. \n+0003c940: 2056 6572 6966 6965 7320 6120 4750 472d Verifies a GPG-\n+0003c950: 7374 796c 6520 6465 7461 6368 6564 2073 style detached s\n+0003c960: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 2c20 7768 6572 6520 ignature, where \n+0003c970: 7468 6520 7369 676e 6564 2066 696c 6520 the signed file \n+0003c980: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 4649 4c45 2c20 616e is. FILE, an\n+0003c990: 6420 7468 6520 7369 676e 6174 7572 6520 d the signature \n+0003c9a0: 6974 7365 6c66 2069 7320 696e 2066 696c itself is in fil\n+0003c9b0: 6520 5349 474e 4154 5552 455f 4649 4c45 e SIGNATURE_FILE\n+0003c9c0: 2e0a 2020 2020 204f 7074 696f 6e61 6c6c .. Optionall\n+0003c9d0: 792c 2061 2073 7065 6369 6669 6320 7075 y, a specific pu\n+0003c9e0: 626c 6963 206b 6579 2074 6f20 7573 6520 blic key to use \n+0003c9f0: 6361 6e20 6265 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 can be specified\n+0003ca00: 2075 7369 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 5055 424b using. PUBK\n+0003ca10: 4559 5f46 494c 452e 2020 5768 656e 2065 EY_FILE. When e\n+0003ca20: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+0003ca30: 626c 6520 e280 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 ble ...check_sig\n+0003ca40: 6e61 7475 7265 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7365 natures... is se\n+0003ca50: 740a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 e280 9865 6e66 t. to ...enf\n+0003ca60: 6f72 6365 e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 5055 orce..., then PU\n+0003ca70: 424b 4559 5f46 494c 4520 6d75 7374 2069 BKEY_FILE must i\n+0003ca80: 7473 656c 6620 6265 2070 726f 7065 726c tself be properl\n+0003ca90: 7920 7369 676e 6564 2062 7920 616e 0a20 y signed by an. \n+0003caa0: 2020 2020 616c 7265 6164 792d 7472 7573 already-trus\n+0003cab0: 7465 6420 6b65 792e 2020 416e 2075 6e73 ted key. An uns\n+0003cac0: 6967 6e65 6420 5055 424b 4559 5f46 494c igned PUBKEY_FIL\n+0003cad0: 4520 6361 6e20 6265 206c 6f61 6465 6420 E can be loaded \n+0003cae0: 6279 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 7969 by. specifyi\n+0003caf0: 6e67 20e2 8098 2d2d 736b 6970 2d73 6967 ng ...--skip-sig\n+0003cb00: e280 992e 2020 4966 2050 5542 4b45 595f .... If PUBKEY_\n+0003cb10: 4649 4c45 2069 7320 6f6d 6974 7465 642c FILE is omitted,\n+0003cb20: 2074 6865 6e20 7075 626c 6963 0a20 2020 then public. \n+0003cb30: 2020 6b65 7973 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 keys from GRUB\n+0003cb40: 2773 2074 7275 7374 6564 206b 6579 7320 's trusted keys \n+0003cb50: 282a 6e6f 7465 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 (*note list_trus\n+0003cb60: 7465 643a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 2074 7275 ted::, *note tru\n+0003cb70: 7374 3a3a 2c0a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 202a st::,. and *\n+0003cb80: 6e6f 7465 2064 6973 7472 7573 743a 3a29 note distrust::)\n+0003cb90: 2061 7265 2074 7269 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 are tried... \n+0003cba0: 2020 4578 6974 2063 6f64 6520 e280 9824 Exit code ...$\n+0003cbb0: 3fe2 8099 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 2030 ?... is set to 0\n+0003cbc0: 2069 6620 7468 6520 7369 676e 6174 7572 if the signatur\n+0003cbd0: 6520 7661 6c69 6461 7465 7320 7375 6363 e validates succ\n+0003cbe0: 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 essfully.. I\n+0003cbf0: 6620 7661 6c69 6461 7469 6f6e 2066 6169 f validation fai\n+0003cc00: 6c73 2c20 6974 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f ls, it is set to\n+0003cc10: 2061 206e 6f6e 2d7a 6572 6f20 7661 6c75 a non-zero valu\n+0003cc20: 652e 2020 2a4e 6f74 6520 5573 696e 670a e. *Note Using.\n+0003cc30: 2020 2020 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 digital sig\n+0003cc40: 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a2c 2066 6f72 206d natures::, for m\n+0003cc50: 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e ore information.\n+0003cc60: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+0003cc70: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 7669 6465 nfo, Node: vide\n+0003cc80: 6f69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 7772 oinfo, Next: wr\n+0003cc90: 6d73 722c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 7665 7269 msr, Prev: veri\n+0003cca0: 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 642c 2020 5570 fy_detached, Up\n+0003ccb0: 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 : Command-line c\n+0003ccc0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 342e 3739 ommands..17.4.79\n+0003ccd0: 2076 6964 656f 696e 666f 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d videoinfo.-----\n+0003cce0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n+0003ccf0: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 2076 6964 656f - Command: video\n+0003cd00: 696e 666f 205b 5b57 7848 5d78 445d 0a20 info [[WxH]xD]. \n+0003cd10: 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2061 7661 696c 6162 List availab\n+0003cd20: 6c65 2076 6964 656f 206d 6f64 6573 2e20 le video modes. \n+0003cd30: 2049 6620 7265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 2069 If resolution i\n+0003cd40: 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2073 686f 7720 6f6e s given, show on\n+0003cd50: 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 ly. matching\n+0003cd60: 206d 6f64 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a modes.....File:\n+0003cd70: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0003cd80: 653a 2077 726d 7372 2c20 2050 7265 763a e: wrmsr, Prev:\n+0003cd90: 2076 6964 656f 696e 666f 2c20 2055 703a videoinfo, Up:\n+0003cda0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 636f Command-line co\n+0003cdb0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e34 2e38 3020 mmands..17.4.80 \n+0003cdc0: 7772 6d73 720a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d wrmsr.----------\n+0003cdd0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+0003cde0: 3a3a 2077 726d 7372 2030 7841 4444 5220 :: wrmsr 0xADDR \n+0003cdf0: 3078 5641 4c55 450a 2020 2020 2057 7269 0xVALUE. Wri\n+0003ce00: 7465 2061 2030 7856 414c 5545 2074 6f20 te a 0xVALUE to \n+0003ce10: 6120 6d6f 6465 6c2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 a model-specific\n+0003ce20: 2072 6567 6973 7465 7220 6174 2061 6464 register at add\n+0003ce30: 7265 7373 2030 7841 4444 522e 0a0a 2020 ress 0xADDR... \n+0003ce40: 2020 2050 6c65 6173 6520 6e6f 7465 2074 Please note t\n+0003ce50: 6861 7420 6f6e 2053 4d50 2073 7973 7465 hat on SMP syste\n+0003ce60: 6d73 2c20 7772 6974 696e 6720 746f 2061 ms, writing to a\n+0003ce70: 204d 5352 2074 6861 7420 6861 7320 6120 MSR that has a \n+0003ce80: 7363 6f70 650a 2020 2020 2070 6572 2068 scope. per h\n+0003ce90: 6172 6477 6172 6520 7468 7265 6164 2c20 ardware thread, \n+0003cea0: 696d 706c 6965 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 implies that the\n+0003ceb0: 2076 616c 7565 2074 6861 7420 6973 2077 value that is w\n+0003cec0: 7269 7474 656e 206f 6e6c 790a 2020 2020 ritten only. \n+0003ced0: 2061 7070 6c69 6573 2074 6f20 7468 6520 applies to the \n+0003cee0: 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 2063 7075 2f63 particular cpu/c\n+0003cef0: 6f72 652f 7468 7265 6164 2074 6861 7420 ore/thread that \n+0003cf00: 7275 6e73 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 runs the command\n+0003cf10: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 416c 736f 2c20 6966 ... Also, if\n+0003cf20: 2079 6f75 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 2072 you specify a r\n+0003cf30: 6573 6572 7665 6420 6f72 2075 6e69 6d70 eserved or unimp\n+0003cf40: 6c65 6d65 6e74 6564 204d 5352 2061 6464 lemented MSR add\n+0003cf50: 7265 7373 2c20 6974 0a20 2020 2020 7769 ress, it. wi\n+0003cf60: 6c6c 2063 6175 7365 2061 2067 656e 6572 ll cause a gener\n+0003cf70: 616c 2070 726f 7465 6374 696f 6e20 6578 al protection ex\n+0003cf80: 6365 7074 696f 6e20 2877 6869 6368 2069 ception (which i\n+0003cf90: 7320 6e6f 7420 6375 7272 656e 746c 790a s not currently.\n+0003cfa0: 2020 2020 2062 6569 6e67 2068 616e 646c being handl\n+0003cfb0: 6564 2920 616e 6420 7468 6520 7379 7374 ed) and the syst\n+0003cfc0: 656d 2077 696c 6c20 7265 626f 6f74 2e0a em will reboot..\n+0003cfd0: 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 5468 6520 . Note: The \n+0003cfe0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 206e 6f74 2061 command is not a\n+0003cff0: 6c6c 6f77 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6c6f 636b llowed when lock\n+0003d000: 646f 776e 2069 7320 656e 666f 7263 6564 down is enforced\n+0003d010: 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 204c 6f63 (*note. Loc\n+0003d020: 6b64 6f77 6e3a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 7320 kdown::). This \n+0003d030: 6973 2064 6f6e 6520 746f 2070 7265 7665 is done to preve\n+0003d040: 6e74 2073 7562 7665 7274 696e 6720 7661 nt subverting va\n+0003d050: 7269 6f75 7320 7365 6375 7269 7479 0a20 rious security. \n+0003d060: 2020 2020 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d73 2e0a mechanisms..\n+0003d070: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+0003d080: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204e 6574 776f fo, Node: Netwo\n+0003d090: 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 rking commands, \n+0003d0a0: 204e 6578 743a 2055 6e64 6f63 756d 656e Next: Undocumen\n+0003d0b0: 7465 6420 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2050 ted commands, P\n+0003d0c0: 7265 763a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e rev: Command-lin\n+0003d0d0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2055 703a e commands, Up:\n+0003d0e0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 3520 Commands..17.5 \n+0003d0f0: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 Networking comma\n+0003d100: 6e64 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d nds.============\n+0003d110: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 2a20 ============..* \n+0003d120: 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 Menu:..* net_add\n+0003d130: 5f61 6464 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 _addr:: \n+0003d140: 2020 2020 2020 2041 6464 2061 206e 6574 Add a net\n+0003d150: 776f 726b 2061 6464 7265 7373 0a2a 206e work address.* n\n+0003d160: 6574 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 3a3a 2020 2020 et_add_dns:: \n+0003d170: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 6464 Add\n+0003d180: 2061 2044 4e53 2073 6572 7665 720a 2a20 a DNS server.* \n+0003d190: 6e65 745f 6164 645f 726f 7574 653a 3a20 net_add_route:: \n+0003d1a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4164 Ad\n+0003d1b0: 6420 726f 7574 696e 6720 656e 7472 790a d routing entry.\n+0003d1c0: 2a20 6e65 745f 626f 6f74 703a 3a20 2020 * net_bootp:: \n+0003d1d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0003d1e0: 5065 7266 6f72 6d20 6120 626f 6f74 702f Perform a bootp/\n+0003d1f0: 4448 4350 2061 7574 6f63 6f6e 6669 6775 DHCP autoconfigu\n+0003d200: 7261 7469 6f6e 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 656c ration.* net_del\n+0003d210: 5f61 6464 723a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 _addr:: \n+0003d220: 2020 2020 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 4950 Remove IP\n+0003d230: 2061 6464 7265 7373 2066 726f 6d20 696e address from in\n+0003d240: 7465 7266 6163 650a 2a20 6e65 745f 6465 terface.* net_de\n+0003d250: 6c5f 646e 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 l_dns:: \n+0003d260: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 2061 Remove a\n+0003d270: 2044 4e53 2073 6572 7665 720a 2a20 6e65 DNS server.* ne\n+0003d280: 745f 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 653a 3a20 2020 t_del_route:: \n+0003d290: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5265 6d6f Remo\n+0003d2a0: 7665 2061 2072 6f75 7465 2065 6e74 7279 ve a route entry\n+0003d2b0: 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 6863 703a 3a20 2020 .* net_dhcp:: \n+0003d2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0003d2d0: 2050 6572 666f 726d 2061 2044 4843 5020 Perform a DHCP \n+0003d2e0: 6175 746f 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f autoconfiguratio\n+0003d2f0: 6e0a 2a20 6e65 745f 6765 745f 6468 6370 n.* net_get_dhcp\n+0003d300: 5f6f 7074 696f 6e3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 _option:: \n+0003d310: 2020 5265 7472 6965 7665 2044 4843 5020 Retrieve DHCP \n+0003d320: 6f70 7469 6f6e 730a 2a20 6e65 745f 6970 options.* net_ip\n+0003d330: 7636 5f61 7574 6f63 6f6e 663a 3a20 2020 v6_autoconf:: \n+0003d340: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5065 7266 6f72 6d20 Perform \n+0003d350: 4950 7636 2061 7574 6f63 6f6e 6669 6775 IPv6 autoconfigu\n+0003d360: 7261 7469 6f6e 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f ration.* net_ls_\n+0003d370: 6164 6472 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 addr:: \n+0003d380: 2020 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 696e 7465 List inte\n+0003d390: 7266 6163 6573 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f rfaces.* net_ls_\n+0003d3a0: 6361 7264 733a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 cards:: \n+0003d3b0: 2020 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 6e65 7477 List netw\n+0003d3c0: 6f72 6b20 6361 7264 730a 2a20 6e65 745f ork cards.* net_\n+0003d3d0: 6c73 5f64 6e73 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ls_dns:: \n+0003d3e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2044 List D\n+0003d3f0: 4e53 2073 6572 7665 7273 0a2a 206e 6574 NS servers.* net\n+0003d400: 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 6573 3a3a 2020 2020 _ls_routes:: \n+0003d410: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6973 7420 List \n+0003d420: 726f 7574 696e 6720 656e 7472 6965 730a routing entries.\n+0003d430: 2a20 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 3a3a * net_nslookup::\n+0003d440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0003d450: 5065 7266 6f72 6d20 6120 444e 5320 6c6f Perform a DNS lo\n+0003d460: 6f6b 7570 0a2a 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 okup.* net_set_v\n+0003d470: 6c61 6e3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lan:: \n+0003d480: 2020 2020 2053 6574 2076 6c61 6e20 6964 Set vlan id\n+0003d490: 206f 6e20 616e 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 on an interface\n+0003d4a0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+0003d4b0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f nfo, Node: net_\n+0003d4c0: 6164 645f 6164 6472 2c20 204e 6578 743a add_addr, Next:\n+0003d4d0: 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 2c20 2055 net_add_dns, U\n+0003d4e0: 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f p: Networking co\n+0003d4f0: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e31 206e mmands..17.5.1 n\n+0003d500: 6574 5f61 6464 5f61 6464 720a 2d2d 2d2d et_add_addr.----\n+0003d510: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+0003d520: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 . -- Command: ne\n+0003d530: 745f 6164 645f 6164 6472 2049 4e54 4552 t_add_addr INTER\n+0003d540: 4641 4345 2043 4152 4420 4144 4452 4553 FACE CARD ADDRES\n+0003d550: 530a 2020 2020 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 S. Configure\n+0003d560: 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 6e65 7477 additional netw\n+0003d570: 6f72 6b20 494e 5445 5246 4143 4520 7769 ork INTERFACE wi\n+0003d580: 7468 2041 4444 5245 5353 206f 6e20 6120 th ADDRESS on a \n+0003d590: 6e65 7477 6f72 6b0a 2020 2020 2043 4152 network. CAR\n+0003d5a0: 442e 2020 4144 4452 4553 5320 6361 6e20 D. ADDRESS can \n+0003d5b0: 6265 2065 6974 6865 7220 4950 2069 6e20 be either IP in \n+0003d5c0: 646f 7474 6564 2064 6563 696d 616c 206e dotted decimal n\n+0003d5d0: 6f74 6174 696f 6e2c 206f 720a 2020 2020 otation, or. \n+0003d5e0: 2073 796d 626f 6c69 6320 6e61 6d65 2077 symbolic name w\n+0003d5f0: 6869 6368 2069 7320 7265 736f 6c76 6564 hich is resolved\n+0003d600: 2075 7369 6e67 2044 4e53 206c 6f6f 6b75 using DNS looku\n+0003d610: 702e 2020 4966 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 p. If successfu\n+0003d620: 6c2c 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6973 2063 6f6d l,. this com\n+0003d630: 6d61 6e64 2061 6c73 6f20 6164 6473 206c mand also adds l\n+0003d640: 6f63 616c 206c 696e 6b20 726f 7574 696e ocal link routin\n+0003d650: 6720 656e 7472 7920 746f 2074 6865 2064 g entry to the d\n+0003d660: 6566 6175 6c74 0a20 2020 2020 7375 626e efault. subn\n+0003d670: 6574 206f 6620 4144 4452 4553 5320 7769 et of ADDRESS wi\n+0003d680: 7468 206e 616d 6520 494e 5445 5246 4143 th name INTERFAC\n+0003d690: 45e2 8098 3a6c 6f63 616c e280 9920 7669 E...:local... vi\n+0003d6a0: 6120 494e 5445 5246 4143 452e 0a0a 1f0a a INTERFACE.....\n+0003d6b0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+0003d6c0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f Node: net_add_\n+0003d6d0: 646e 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f dns, Next: net_\n+0003d6e0: 6164 645f 726f 7574 652c 2020 5072 6576 add_route, Prev\n+0003d6f0: 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f 6164 6472 2c20 : net_add_addr, \n+0003d700: 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 Up: Networking \n+0003d710: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e32 commands..17.5.2\n+0003d720: 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 0a2d 2d2d net_add_dns.---\n+0003d730: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+0003d740: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 . -- Command: ne\n+0003d750: 745f 6164 645f 646e 7320 5345 5256 4552 t_add_dns SERVER\n+0003d760: 0a20 2020 2020 5265 736f 6c76 6520 5345 . Resolve SE\n+0003d770: 5256 4552 2049 5020 6164 6472 6573 7320 RVER IP address \n+0003d780: 616e 6420 6164 6420 746f 2074 6865 206c and add to the l\n+0003d790: 6973 7420 6f66 2044 4e53 2073 6572 7665 ist of DNS serve\n+0003d7a0: 7273 2075 7365 640a 2020 2020 2064 7572 rs used. dur\n+0003d7b0: 696e 6720 6e61 6d65 206c 6f6f 6b75 702e ing name lookup.\n+0003d7c0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+0003d7d0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f nfo, Node: net_\n+0003d7e0: 6164 645f 726f 7574 652c 2020 4e65 7874 add_route, Next\n+0003d7f0: 3a20 6e65 745f 626f 6f74 702c 2020 5072 : net_bootp, Pr\n+0003d800: 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f 646e 732c ev: net_add_dns,\n+0003d810: 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 Up: Networking\n+0003d820: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e commands..17.5.\n+0003d830: 3320 6e65 745f 6164 645f 726f 7574 650a 3 net_add_route.\n 0003d840: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0003d850: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e .. -- Command: n\n-0003d860: 6574 5f61 6464 5f72 6f75 7465 2053 484f et_add_route SHO\n-0003d870: 5254 4e41 4d45 2049 505b 2f50 5245 4649 RTNAME IP[/PREFI\n-0003d880: 585d 205b 494e 5445 5246 4143 4520 7c20 X] [INTERFACE | \n-0003d890: 6777 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2047 4154 gw. GAT\n-0003d8a0: 4557 4159 5d0a 2020 2020 2041 6464 2072 EWAY]. Add r\n-0003d8b0: 6f75 7465 2074 6f20 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 oute to network \n-0003d8c0: 7769 7468 2061 6464 7265 7373 2049 5020 with address IP \n-0003d8d0: 6173 206d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 6279 2050 as modified by P\n-0003d8e0: 5245 4649 5820 7669 610a 2020 2020 2065 REFIX via. e\n-0003d8f0: 6974 6865 7220 6c6f 6361 6c20 494e 5445 ither local INTE\n-0003d900: 5246 4143 4520 6f72 2047 4154 4557 4159 RFACE or GATEWAY\n-0003d910: 2e20 2050 5245 4649 5820 6973 206f 7074 . PREFIX is opt\n-0003d920: 696f 6e61 6c20 616e 6420 6465 6661 756c ional and defaul\n-0003d930: 7473 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2033 3220 666f ts. to 32 fo\n-0003d940: 7220 4950 7634 2061 6464 7265 7373 2061 r IPv4 address a\n-0003d950: 6e64 2031 3238 2066 6f72 2049 5076 3620 nd 128 for IPv6 \n-0003d960: 6164 6472 6573 732e 2020 526f 7574 6520 address. Route \n-0003d970: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6964 656e 7469 6669 is. identifi\n-0003d980: 6564 2062 7920 5348 4f52 544e 414d 4520 ed by SHORTNAME \n-0003d990: 7768 6963 6820 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 which can be use\n-0003d9a0: 6420 746f 2072 656d 6f76 6520 6974 2028 d to remove it (\n-0003d9b0: 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f64 *note. net_d\n-0003d9c0: 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a el_route::).....\n-0003d9d0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n-0003d9e0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 626f 6f74 Node: net_boot\n-0003d9f0: 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 p, Next: net_de\n-0003da00: 6c5f 6164 6472 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e l_addr, Prev: n\n-0003da10: 6574 5f61 6464 5f72 6f75 7465 2c20 2055 et_add_route, U\n-0003da20: 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f p: Networking co\n-0003da30: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e34 206e mmands..17.5.4 n\n-0003da40: 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d et_bootp.-------\n-0003da50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-0003da60: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 626f 6f74 ommand: net_boot\n-0003da70: 7020 5b43 4152 445d 0a20 2020 2020 416c p [CARD]. Al\n-0003da80: 6961 7320 666f 7220 6e65 745f 6468 6370 ias for net_dhcp\n-0003da90: 2c20 666f 7220 636f 6d70 6174 6962 696c , for compatibil\n-0003daa0: 6974 7920 7769 7468 206f 6c64 6572 2047 ity with older G\n-0003dab0: 7275 6220 7665 7273 696f 6e73 2e0a 2020 rub versions.. \n-0003dac0: 2020 2057 696c 6c20 7065 7266 6f72 6d20 Will perform \n-0003dad0: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2044 4843 5020 6861 the same DHCP ha\n-0003dae0: 6e64 7368 616b 6520 7769 7468 2070 6f74 ndshake with pot\n-0003daf0: 656e 7469 616c 2066 616c 6c62 6163 6b20 ential fallback \n-0003db00: 746f 0a20 2020 2020 424f 4f54 5020 6173 to. BOOTP as\n-0003db10: 2074 6865 206e 6574 5f64 6863 7020 636f the net_dhcp co\n-0003db20: 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 206e 6574 mmand (*note net\n-0003db30: 5f64 6863 703a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c _dhcp::).....Fil\n-0003db40: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-0003db50: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f61 6464 ode: net_del_add\n-0003db60: 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 r, Next: net_de\n-0003db70: 6c5f 646e 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 l_dns, Prev: ne\n-0003db80: 745f 626f 6f74 702c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 t_bootp, Up: Ne\n-0003db90: 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 tworking command\n-0003dba0: 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3520 6e65 745f 6465 s..17.5.5 net_de\n-0003dbb0: 6c5f 6164 6472 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d l_addr.---------\n-0003dbc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n-0003dbd0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f64 656c Command: net_del\n-0003dbe0: 5f61 6464 7220 494e 5445 5246 4143 450a _addr INTERFACE.\n-0003dbf0: 2020 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 636f 6e66 Remove conf\n-0003dc00: 6967 7572 6564 2049 4e54 4552 4641 4345 igured INTERFACE\n-0003dc10: 2077 6974 6820 6173 736f 6369 6174 6564 with associated\n-0003dc20: 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c address.....Fil\n-0003dc30: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-0003dc40: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f64 6e73 ode: net_del_dns\n-0003dc50: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f64 656c , Next: net_del\n-0003dc60: 5f72 6f75 7465 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e _route, Prev: n\n-0003dc70: 6574 5f64 656c 5f61 6464 722c 2020 5570 et_del_addr, Up\n-0003dc80: 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d : Networking com\n-0003dc90: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3620 6e65 mands..17.5.6 ne\n-0003dca0: 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d t_del_dns.------\n-0003dcb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-0003dcc0: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f64 - Command: net_d\n-0003dcd0: 656c 5f64 6e73 2041 4444 5245 5353 0a20 el_dns ADDRESS. \n-0003dce0: 2020 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 2041 4444 5245 Remove ADDRE\n-0003dcf0: 5353 2066 726f 6d20 6c69 7374 206f 6620 SS from list of \n-0003dd00: 7365 7276 6572 7320 7573 6564 2064 7572 servers used dur\n-0003dd10: 696e 6720 6e61 6d65 206c 6f6f 6b75 702e ing name lookup.\n-0003dd20: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-0003dd30: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f nfo, Node: net_\n-0003dd40: 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 652c 2020 4e65 7874 del_route, Next\n-0003dd50: 3a20 6e65 745f 6468 6370 2c20 2050 7265 : net_dhcp, Pre\n-0003dd60: 763a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f64 6e73 2c20 v: net_del_dns, \n-0003dd70: 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 Up: Networking \n-0003dd80: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e37 commands..17.5.7\n-0003dd90: 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 0a2d net_del_route.-\n-0003dda0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0003ddb0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n-0003ddc0: 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 6520 : net_del_route \n-0003ddd0: 5348 4f52 544e 414d 450a 2020 2020 2052 SHORTNAME. R\n-0003dde0: 656d 6f76 6520 726f 7574 6520 656e 7472 emove route entr\n-0003ddf0: 7920 6964 656e 7469 6669 6564 2062 7920 y identified by \n-0003de00: 5348 4f52 544e 414d 452e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 SHORTNAME.....Fi\n-0003de10: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-0003de20: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6468 6370 2c20 Node: net_dhcp, \n-0003de30: 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f67 6574 5f64 Next: net_get_d\n-0003de40: 6863 705f 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 hcp_option, Pre\n-0003de50: 763a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 v: net_del_route\n-0003de60: 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e , Up: Networkin\n-0003de70: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 g commands..17.5\n-0003de80: 2e38 206e 6574 5f64 6863 700a 2d2d 2d2d .8 net_dhcp.----\n-0003de90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d -----------.. --\n-0003dea0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6468 Command: net_dh\n-0003deb0: 6370 205b 4341 5244 5d0a 2020 2020 2050 cp [CARD]. P\n-0003dec0: 6572 666f 726d 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 erform configura\n-0003ded0: 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 4341 5244 2075 7369 tion of CARD usi\n-0003dee0: 6e67 2044 4843 5020 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c ng DHCP protocol\n-0003def0: 2e20 2049 6620 6e6f 2063 6172 6420 6e61 . If no card na\n-0003df00: 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 6973 2073 7065 6369 me. is speci\n-0003df10: 6669 6564 2c20 7472 7920 746f 2063 6f6e fied, try to con\n-0003df20: 6669 6775 7265 2061 6c6c 2065 7869 7374 figure all exist\n-0003df30: 696e 6720 6361 7264 732e 2020 4661 6c6c ing cards. Fall\n-0003df40: 7320 6261 636b 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2074 s back to. t\n-0003df50: 6865 2042 4f4f 5450 2070 726f 746f 636f he BOOTP protoco\n-0003df60: 6c2c 2069 6620 6e65 6564 6564 2e20 2049 l, if needed. I\n-0003df70: 6620 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 f configuration \n-0003df80: 7761 7320 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c 2c0a was successful,.\n-0003df90: 2020 2020 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2077 interface w\n-0003dfa0: 6974 6820 6e61 6d65 2043 4152 44e2 8098 ith name CARD...\n-0003dfb0: 3a64 6863 70e2 8099 2061 6e64 2063 6f6e :dhcp... and con\n-0003dfc0: 6669 6775 7265 6420 6164 6472 6573 7320 figured address \n-0003dfd0: 6973 2061 6464 6564 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 is added to. \n-0003dfe0: 2043 4152 442e 2020 4164 6469 7469 6f6e CARD. Addition\n-0003dff0: 616c 6c79 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 ally the followi\n-0003e000: 6e67 2044 4843 5020 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 ng DHCP options \n-0003e010: 6172 6520 7265 636f 676e 697a 6564 2061 are recognized a\n-0003e020: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6f63 6573 7365 nd. processe\n-0003e030: 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3120 2853 d:.. ...1 (S\n-0003e040: 7562 6e65 7420 4d61 736b 29e2 8099 0a20 ubnet Mask).... \n-0003e050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2055 7365 6420 746f Used to\n-0003e060: 2063 616c 6375 6c61 7465 206e 6574 776f calculate netwo\n-0003e070: 726b 206c 6f63 616c 2072 6f75 7469 6e67 rk local routing\n-0003e080: 2065 6e74 7279 2066 6f72 2069 6e74 6572 entry for inter\n-0003e090: 6661 6365 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 face. C\n-0003e0a0: 4152 44e2 8098 3a64 6863 70e2 8099 2e0a ARD...:dhcp.....\n-0003e0b0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3320 2852 6f75 7465 ...3 (Route\n-0003e0c0: 7229 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r).... \n-0003e0d0: 4164 6473 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2072 6f75 Adds default rou\n-0003e0e0: 7465 2065 6e74 7279 2077 6974 6820 7468 te entry with th\n-0003e0f0: 6520 6e61 6d65 2043 4152 44e2 8098 3a64 e name CARD...:d\n-0003e100: 6863 703a 6465 6661 756c 74e2 8099 2076 hcp:default... v\n-0003e110: 6961 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 6174 ia. gat\n-0003e120: 6577 6179 2066 726f 6d20 4448 4350 206f eway from DHCP o\n-0003e130: 7074 696f 6e2e 2020 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 ption. Note tha\n-0003e140: 7420 6f6e 6c79 206f 7074 696f 6e20 7769 t only option wi\n-0003e150: 7468 2073 696e 676c 650a 2020 2020 2020 th single. \n-0003e160: 2020 2020 726f 7574 6520 6973 2061 6363 route is acc\n-0003e170: 6570 7465 642e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9836 epted.. ...6\n-0003e180: 2028 446f 6d61 696e 204e 616d 6520 5365 (Domain Name Se\n-0003e190: 7276 6572 29e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 rver).... \n-0003e1a0: 2020 2041 6464 7320 616c 6c20 7365 7276 Adds all serv\n-0003e1b0: 6572 7320 6672 6f6d 206f 7074 696f 6e20 ers from option \n-0003e1c0: 7661 6c75 6520 746f 2074 6865 206c 6973 value to the lis\n-0003e1d0: 7420 6f66 2073 6572 7665 7273 2075 7365 t of servers use\n-0003e1e0: 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6475 7269 d. duri\n-0003e1f0: 6e67 206e 616d 6520 7265 736f 6c75 7469 ng name resoluti\n-0003e200: 6f6e 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3132 2028 on.. ...12 (\n-0003e210: 486f 7374 204e 616d 6529 e280 990a 2020 Host Name).... \n-0003e220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7473 2065 6e76 Sets env\n-0003e230: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-0003e240: 6520 e280 986e 6574 5fe2 8099 3c43 4152 e ...net_......_dhcp_hostn\n-0003e260: 616d 65e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 ame... (*note. \n-0003e270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 net__hostname\n-0003e290: 3a3a 2920 746f 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 ::) to the value\n-0003e2a0: 206f 6620 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 2020 of option.. \n-0003e2b0: 20e2 8098 3135 2028 446f 6d61 696e 204e ...15 (Domain N\n-0003e2c0: 616d 6529 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ame).... \n-0003e2d0: 2020 5365 7473 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 Sets environme\n-0003e2e0: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 986e nt variable ...n\n-0003e2f0: 6574 5fe2 8099 3c43 4152 443e e280 985f et_......_\n-0003e300: 6468 6370 5f64 6f6d 6169 6ee2 8099 2028 dhcp_domain... (\n-0003e310: 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 *note. \n-0003e320: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n-0003e330: 646f 6d61 696e 3a3a 2920 746f 2074 6865 domain::) to the\n-0003e340: 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 6f70 7469 6f6e value of option\n-0003e350: 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3137 2028 526f .. ...17 (Ro\n-0003e360: 6f74 2050 6174 6829 e280 990a 2020 2020 ot Path).... \n-0003e370: 2020 2020 2020 5365 7473 2065 6e76 6972 Sets envir\n-0003e380: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 onment variable \n-0003e390: e280 986e 6574 5fe2 8099 3c43 4152 443e ...net_...\n-0003e3a0: e280 985f 6468 6370 5f72 6f6f 7470 6174 ..._dhcp_rootpat\n-0003e3b0: 68e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 h... (*note. \n-0003e3c0: 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 net__rootpath::\n-0003e3e0: 2920 746f 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f ) to the value o\n-0003e3f0: 6620 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 f option.. .\n-0003e400: 8098 3138 2028 4578 7465 6e73 696f 6e73 ..18 (Extensions\n-0003e410: 2050 6174 6829 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 Path).... \n-0003e420: 2020 2020 5365 7473 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e Sets environ\n-0003e430: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 ment variable ..\n-0003e440: 986e 6574 5fe2 8099 3c43 4152 443e e280 .net_.....\n-0003e450: 985f 6468 6370 5f65 7874 656e 7369 6f6e ._dhcp_extension\n-0003e460: 7370 6174 68e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 spath.... \n-0003e470: 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e65 745f 3c49 (*note net__extens\n-0003e490: 696f 6e73 7061 7468 3a3a 2920 746f 2074 ionspath::) to t\n-0003e4a0: 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 660a 2020 2020 he value of. \n-0003e4b0: 2020 2020 2020 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 option.. \n-0003e4c0: 2020 20e2 8098 3636 2028 5446 5450 2053 ...66 (TFTP S\n-0003e4d0: 6572 7665 7220 4e61 6d65 29e2 8099 0a20 erver Name).... \n-0003e4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 7320 656e Sets en\n-0003e4f0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n-0003e500: 6c65 20e2 8098 6e65 745f e280 993c 4341 le ...net_......_dhcp_serv\n-0003e520: 6572 5f6e 616d 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 er_name.... \n-0003e530: 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e65 745f (*note net_\n-0003e540: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6468 6370 _dhcp\n-0003e550: 5f73 6572 7665 725f 6e61 6d65 3a3a 2920 _server_name::) \n-0003e560: 746f 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 660a to the value of.\n-0003e570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6f70 7469 6f6e option\n-0003e580: 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3637 2028 4669 .. ...67 (Fi\n-0003e590: 6c65 6e61 6d65 29e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 lename).... \n-0003e5a0: 2020 2020 2053 6574 7320 656e 7669 726f Sets enviro\n-0003e5b0: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 nment variable .\n-0003e5c0: 8098 6e65 745f e280 993c 4341 5244 3ee2 ..net_....\n-0003e5d0: 8098 5f62 6f6f 745f 6669 6c65 e280 9920 .._boot_file... \n-0003e5e0: 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 (*note. \n-0003e5f0: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n-0003e600: 5f62 6f6f 745f 6669 6c65 3a3a 2920 746f _boot_file::) to\n-0003e610: 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 6f70 the value of op\n-0003e620: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 tion.....File: g\n-0003e630: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-0003e640: 206e 6574 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 705f 6f70 net_get_dhcp_op\n-0003e650: 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 tion, Next: net\n-0003e660: 5f69 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 2c20 _ipv6_autoconf, \n-0003e670: 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f64 6863 702c Prev: net_dhcp,\n-0003e680: 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 Up: Networking\n-0003e690: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e commands..17.5.\n-0003e6a0: 3920 6e65 745f 6765 745f 6468 6370 5f6f 9 net_get_dhcp_o\n-0003e6b0: 7074 696f 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ption.----------\n+0003d850: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+0003d860: 643a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f72 6f75 7465 d: net_add_route\n+0003d870: 2053 484f 5254 4e41 4d45 2049 505b 2f50 SHORTNAME IP[/P\n+0003d880: 5245 4649 585d 205b 494e 5445 5246 4143 REFIX] [INTERFAC\n+0003d890: 4520 7c20 6777 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 E | gw. \n+0003d8a0: 2047 4154 4557 4159 5d0a 2020 2020 2041 GATEWAY]. A\n+0003d8b0: 6464 2072 6f75 7465 2074 6f20 6e65 7477 dd route to netw\n+0003d8c0: 6f72 6b20 7769 7468 2061 6464 7265 7373 ork with address\n+0003d8d0: 2049 5020 6173 206d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 IP as modified \n+0003d8e0: 6279 2050 5245 4649 5820 7669 610a 2020 by PREFIX via. \n+0003d8f0: 2020 2065 6974 6865 7220 6c6f 6361 6c20 either local \n+0003d900: 494e 5445 5246 4143 4520 6f72 2047 4154 INTERFACE or GAT\n+0003d910: 4557 4159 2e20 2050 5245 4649 5820 6973 EWAY. PREFIX is\n+0003d920: 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c20 616e 6420 6465 optional and de\n+0003d930: 6661 756c 7473 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2033 faults. to 3\n+0003d940: 3220 666f 7220 4950 7634 2061 6464 7265 2 for IPv4 addre\n+0003d950: 7373 2061 6e64 2031 3238 2066 6f72 2049 ss and 128 for I\n+0003d960: 5076 3620 6164 6472 6573 732e 2020 526f Pv6 address. Ro\n+0003d970: 7574 6520 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6964 656e ute is. iden\n+0003d980: 7469 6669 6564 2062 7920 5348 4f52 544e tified by SHORTN\n+0003d990: 414d 4520 7768 6963 6820 6361 6e20 6265 AME which can be\n+0003d9a0: 2075 7365 6420 746f 2072 656d 6f76 6520 used to remove \n+0003d9b0: 6974 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 206e it (*note. n\n+0003d9c0: 6574 5f64 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 3a3a 292e et_del_route::).\n+0003d9d0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+0003d9e0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f nfo, Node: net_\n+0003d9f0: 626f 6f74 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 bootp, Next: ne\n+0003da00: 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 6472 2c20 2050 7265 t_del_addr, Pre\n+0003da10: 763a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f72 6f75 7465 v: net_add_route\n+0003da20: 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e , Up: Networkin\n+0003da30: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 g commands..17.5\n+0003da40: 2e34 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 0a2d 2d2d .4 net_bootp.---\n+0003da50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n+0003da60: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f -- Command: net_\n+0003da70: 626f 6f74 7020 5b43 4152 445d 0a20 2020 bootp [CARD]. \n+0003da80: 2020 416c 6961 7320 666f 7220 6e65 745f Alias for net_\n+0003da90: 6468 6370 2c20 666f 7220 636f 6d70 6174 dhcp, for compat\n+0003daa0: 6962 696c 6974 7920 7769 7468 206f 6c64 ibility with old\n+0003dab0: 6572 2047 7275 6220 7665 7273 696f 6e73 er Grub versions\n+0003dac0: 2e0a 2020 2020 2057 696c 6c20 7065 7266 .. Will perf\n+0003dad0: 6f72 6d20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2044 4843 orm the same DHC\n+0003dae0: 5020 6861 6e64 7368 616b 6520 7769 7468 P handshake with\n+0003daf0: 2070 6f74 656e 7469 616c 2066 616c 6c62 potential fallb\n+0003db00: 6163 6b20 746f 0a20 2020 2020 424f 4f54 ack to. BOOT\n+0003db10: 5020 6173 2074 6865 206e 6574 5f64 6863 P as the net_dhc\n+0003db20: 7020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 p command (*note\n+0003db30: 206e 6574 5f64 6863 703a 3a29 2e0a 0a1f net_dhcp::)....\n+0003db40: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+0003db50: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 656c , Node: net_del\n+0003db60: 5f61 6464 722c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 _addr, Next: ne\n+0003db70: 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 732c 2020 5072 6576 t_del_dns, Prev\n+0003db80: 3a20 6e65 745f 626f 6f74 702c 2020 5570 : net_bootp, Up\n+0003db90: 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d : Networking com\n+0003dba0: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3520 6e65 mands..17.5.5 ne\n+0003dbb0: 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 6472 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d t_del_addr.-----\n+0003dbc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+0003dbd0: 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 -- Command: net\n+0003dbe0: 5f64 656c 5f61 6464 7220 494e 5445 5246 _del_addr INTERF\n+0003dbf0: 4143 450a 2020 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 ACE. Remove \n+0003dc00: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2049 4e54 4552 configured INTER\n+0003dc10: 4641 4345 2077 6974 6820 6173 736f 6369 FACE with associ\n+0003dc20: 6174 6564 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e0a 0a1f ated address....\n+0003dc30: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+0003dc40: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 656c , Node: net_del\n+0003dc50: 5f64 6e73 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 _dns, Next: net\n+0003dc60: 5f64 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 2c20 2050 7265 _del_route, Pre\n+0003dc70: 763a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f61 6464 722c v: net_del_addr,\n+0003dc80: 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 Up: Networking\n+0003dc90: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e commands..17.5.\n+0003dca0: 3620 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 730a 2d2d 6 net_del_dns.--\n+0003dcb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003dcc0: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e .. -- Command: n\n+0003dcd0: 6574 5f64 656c 5f64 6e73 2041 4444 5245 et_del_dns ADDRE\n+0003dce0: 5353 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6d6f 7665 2041 SS. Remove A\n+0003dcf0: 4444 5245 5353 2066 726f 6d20 6c69 7374 DDRESS from list\n+0003dd00: 206f 6620 7365 7276 6572 7320 7573 6564 of servers used\n+0003dd10: 2064 7572 696e 6720 6e61 6d65 206c 6f6f during name loo\n+0003dd20: 6b75 702e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 kup.....File: gr\n+0003dd30: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+0003dd40: 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 652c 2020 net_del_route, \n+0003dd50: 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6468 6370 2c20 Next: net_dhcp, \n+0003dd60: 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f64 Prev: net_del_d\n+0003dd70: 6e73 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b ns, Up: Network\n+0003dd80: 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 ing commands..17\n+0003dd90: 2e35 2e37 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f72 6f75 .5.7 net_del_rou\n+0003dda0: 7465 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d te.-------------\n+0003ddb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d -------.. -- Com\n+0003ddc0: 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 726f mand: net_del_ro\n+0003ddd0: 7574 6520 5348 4f52 544e 414d 450a 2020 ute SHORTNAME. \n+0003dde0: 2020 2052 656d 6f76 6520 726f 7574 6520 Remove route \n+0003ddf0: 656e 7472 7920 6964 656e 7469 6669 6564 entry identified\n+0003de00: 2062 7920 5348 4f52 544e 414d 452e 0a0a by SHORTNAME...\n+0003de10: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0003de20: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6468 o, Node: net_dh\n+0003de30: 6370 2c20 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f67 cp, Next: net_g\n+0003de40: 6574 5f64 6863 705f 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 et_dhcp_option, \n+0003de50: 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 5f72 Prev: net_del_r\n+0003de60: 6f75 7465 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f oute, Up: Netwo\n+0003de70: 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a rking commands..\n+0003de80: 3137 2e35 2e38 206e 6574 5f64 6863 700a 17.5.8 net_dhcp.\n+0003de90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+0003dea0: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 . -- Command: ne\n+0003deb0: 745f 6468 6370 205b 4341 5244 5d0a 2020 t_dhcp [CARD]. \n+0003dec0: 2020 2050 6572 666f 726d 2063 6f6e 6669 Perform confi\n+0003ded0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 4341 5244 guration of CARD\n+0003dee0: 2075 7369 6e67 2044 4843 5020 7072 6f74 using DHCP prot\n+0003def0: 6f63 6f6c 2e20 2049 6620 6e6f 2063 6172 ocol. If no car\n+0003df00: 6420 6e61 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 6973 2073 d name. is s\n+0003df10: 7065 6369 6669 6564 2c20 7472 7920 746f pecified, try to\n+0003df20: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 2061 6c6c 2065 configure all e\n+0003df30: 7869 7374 696e 6720 6361 7264 732e 2020 xisting cards. \n+0003df40: 4661 6c6c 7320 6261 636b 2074 6f0a 2020 Falls back to. \n+0003df50: 2020 2074 6865 2042 4f4f 5450 2070 726f the BOOTP pro\n+0003df60: 746f 636f 6c2c 2069 6620 6e65 6564 6564 tocol, if needed\n+0003df70: 2e20 2049 6620 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 . If configurat\n+0003df80: 696f 6e20 7761 7320 7375 6363 6573 7366 ion was successf\n+0003df90: 756c 2c0a 2020 2020 2069 6e74 6572 6661 ul,. interfa\n+0003dfa0: 6365 2077 6974 6820 6e61 6d65 2043 4152 ce with name CAR\n+0003dfb0: 44e2 8098 3a64 6863 70e2 8099 2061 6e64 D...:dhcp... and\n+0003dfc0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 6164 6472 configured addr\n+0003dfd0: 6573 7320 6973 2061 6464 6564 2074 6f0a ess is added to.\n+0003dfe0: 2020 2020 2043 4152 442e 2020 4164 6469 CARD. Addi\n+0003dff0: 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2074 6865 2066 6f6c tionally the fol\n+0003e000: 6c6f 7769 6e67 2044 4843 5020 6f70 7469 lowing DHCP opti\n+0003e010: 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 7265 636f 676e 697a ons are recogniz\n+0003e020: 6564 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6f63 ed and. proc\n+0003e030: 6573 7365 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 essed:.. ...\n+0003e040: 3120 2853 7562 6e65 7420 4d61 736b 29e2 1 (Subnet Mask).\n+0003e050: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2055 7365 ... Use\n+0003e060: 6420 746f 2063 616c 6375 6c61 7465 206e d to calculate n\n+0003e070: 6574 776f 726b 206c 6f63 616c 2072 6f75 etwork local rou\n+0003e080: 7469 6e67 2065 6e74 7279 2066 6f72 2069 ting entry for i\n+0003e090: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a20 2020 2020 2020 nterface. \n+0003e0a0: 2020 2043 4152 44e2 8098 3a64 6863 70e2 CARD...:dhcp.\n+0003e0b0: 8099 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3320 2852 .... ...3 (R\n+0003e0c0: 6f75 7465 7229 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 outer).... \n+0003e0d0: 2020 2020 4164 6473 2064 6566 6175 6c74 Adds default\n+0003e0e0: 2072 6f75 7465 2065 6e74 7279 2077 6974 route entry wit\n+0003e0f0: 6820 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 2043 4152 44e2 h the name CARD.\n+0003e100: 8098 3a64 6863 703a 6465 6661 756c 74e2 ..:dhcp:default.\n+0003e110: 8099 2076 6961 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 .. via. \n+0003e120: 2067 6174 6577 6179 2066 726f 6d20 4448 gateway from DH\n+0003e130: 4350 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 2020 4e6f 7465 CP option. Note\n+0003e140: 2074 6861 7420 6f6e 6c79 206f 7074 696f that only optio\n+0003e150: 6e20 7769 7468 2073 696e 676c 650a 2020 n with single. \n+0003e160: 2020 2020 2020 2020 726f 7574 6520 6973 route is\n+0003e170: 2061 6363 6570 7465 642e 0a20 2020 2020 accepted.. \n+0003e180: e280 9836 2028 446f 6d61 696e 204e 616d ...6 (Domain Nam\n+0003e190: 6520 5365 7276 6572 29e2 8099 0a20 2020 e Server).... \n+0003e1a0: 2020 2020 2020 2041 6464 7320 616c 6c20 Adds all \n+0003e1b0: 7365 7276 6572 7320 6672 6f6d 206f 7074 servers from opt\n+0003e1c0: 696f 6e20 7661 6c75 6520 746f 2074 6865 ion value to the\n+0003e1d0: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2073 6572 7665 7273 list of servers\n+0003e1e0: 2075 7365 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 used. \n+0003e1f0: 6475 7269 6e67 206e 616d 6520 7265 736f during name reso\n+0003e200: 6c75 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 lution.. ...\n+0003e210: 3132 2028 486f 7374 204e 616d 6529 e280 12 (Host Name)..\n+0003e220: 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7473 .. Sets\n+0003e230: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+0003e240: 6961 626c 6520 e280 986e 6574 5fe2 8099 iable ...net_...\n+0003e250: 3c43 4152 443e e280 985f 6468 6370 5f68 ..._dhcp_h\n+0003e260: 6f73 746e 616d 65e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 ostname... (*not\n+0003e270: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f e. net_\n+0003e280: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 686f 7374 _host\n+0003e290: 6e61 6d65 3a3a 2920 746f 2074 6865 2076 name::) to the v\n+0003e2a0: 616c 7565 206f 6620 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e0a alue of option..\n+0003e2b0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3135 2028 446f 6d61 ...15 (Doma\n+0003e2c0: 696e 204e 616d 6529 e280 990a 2020 2020 in Name).... \n+0003e2d0: 2020 2020 2020 5365 7473 2065 6e76 6972 Sets envir\n+0003e2e0: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 onment variable \n+0003e2f0: e280 986e 6574 5fe2 8099 3c43 4152 443e ...net_...\n+0003e300: e280 985f 6468 6370 5f64 6f6d 6169 6ee2 ..._dhcp_domain.\n+0003e310: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2020 .. (*note. \n+0003e320: 2020 2020 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 net__domain::) to\n+0003e340: 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 6620 6f70 the value of op\n+0003e350: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3137 tion.. ...17\n+0003e360: 2028 526f 6f74 2050 6174 6829 e280 990a (Root Path)....\n+0003e370: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7473 2065 Sets e\n+0003e380: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n+0003e390: 626c 6520 e280 986e 6574 5fe2 8099 3c43 ble ...net_......_dhcp_roo\n+0003e3b0: 7470 6174 68e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a tpath... (*note.\n+0003e3c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 3c49 net__rootpa\n+0003e3e0: 7468 3a3a 2920 746f 2074 6865 2076 616c th::) to the val\n+0003e3f0: 7565 206f 6620 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 ue of option.. \n+0003e400: 2020 20e2 8098 3138 2028 4578 7465 6e73 ...18 (Extens\n+0003e410: 696f 6e73 2050 6174 6829 e280 990a 2020 ions Path).... \n+0003e420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 7473 2065 6e76 Sets env\n+0003e430: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n+0003e440: 6520 e280 986e 6574 5fe2 8099 3c43 4152 e ...net_......_dhcp_exten\n+0003e460: 7369 6f6e 7370 6174 68e2 8099 0a20 2020 sionspath.... \n+0003e470: 2020 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6e65 (*note ne\n+0003e480: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 6578 t__ex\n+0003e490: 7465 6e73 696f 6e73 7061 7468 3a3a 2920 tensionspath::) \n+0003e4a0: 746f 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f 660a to the value of.\n+0003e4b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6f70 7469 6f6e option\n+0003e4c0: 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3636 2028 5446 .. ...66 (TF\n+0003e4d0: 5450 2053 6572 7665 7220 4e61 6d65 29e2 TP Server Name).\n+0003e4e0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 ... Set\n+0003e4f0: 7320 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 s environment va\n+0003e500: 7269 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 6e65 745f e280 riable ...net_..\n+0003e510: 993c 4341 5244 3ee2 8098 5f64 6863 705f ...._dhcp_\n+0003e520: 7365 7276 6572 5f6e 616d 65e2 8099 0a20 server_name.... \n+0003e530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 (*note \n+0003e540: 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f net__\n+0003e550: 6468 6370 5f73 6572 7665 725f 6e61 6d65 dhcp_server_name\n+0003e560: 3a3a 2920 746f 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 ::) to the value\n+0003e570: 206f 660a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6f70 of. op\n+0003e580: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 3637 tion.. ...67\n+0003e590: 2028 4669 6c65 6e61 6d65 29e2 8099 0a20 (Filename).... \n+0003e5a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6574 7320 656e Sets en\n+0003e5b0: 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 vironment variab\n+0003e5c0: 6c65 20e2 8098 6e65 745f e280 993c 4341 le ...net_......_boot_file\n+0003e5e0: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 0a20 2020 2020 ... (*note. \n+0003e5f0: 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 net__boot_file::\n+0003e610: 2920 746f 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 206f ) to the value o\n+0003e620: 6620 6f70 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c f option.....Fil\n+0003e630: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+0003e640: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 ode: net_get_dhc\n+0003e650: 705f 6f70 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a p_option, Next:\n+0003e660: 206e 6574 5f69 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f net_ipv6_autoco\n+0003e670: 6e66 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f64 nf, Prev: net_d\n+0003e680: 6863 702c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 hcp, Up: Networ\n+0003e690: 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 king commands..1\n+0003e6a0: 372e 352e 3920 6e65 745f 6765 745f 6468 7.5.9 net_get_dh\n+0003e6b0: 6370 5f6f 7074 696f 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d cp_option.------\n 0003e6c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0003e6d0: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e .. -- Command: n\n-0003e6e0: 6574 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 705f 6f70 7469 et_get_dhcp_opti\n-0003e6f0: 6f6e 2056 4152 2049 4e54 4552 4641 4345 on VAR INTERFACE\n-0003e700: 204e 554d 4245 5220 5459 5045 0a20 2020 NUMBER TYPE. \n-0003e710: 2020 5265 7175 6573 7420 4448 4350 206f Request DHCP o\n-0003e720: 7074 696f 6e20 4e55 4d42 4552 206f 6620 ption NUMBER of \n-0003e730: 5459 5045 2076 6961 2049 4e54 4552 4641 TYPE via INTERFA\n-0003e740: 4345 2e20 2054 5950 4520 6361 6e20 6265 CE. TYPE can be\n-0003e750: 206f 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 20e2 8098 one. of ...\n-0003e760: 7374 7269 6e67 e280 992c 20e2 8098 6e75 string..., ...nu\n-0003e770: 6d62 6572 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 6865 mber... or ...he\n-0003e780: 78e2 8099 2e20 2049 6620 6f70 7469 6f6e x.... If option\n-0003e790: 2069 7320 666f 756e 642c 2061 7373 6967 is found, assig\n-0003e7a0: 6e20 6974 730a 2020 2020 2076 616c 7565 n its. value\n-0003e7b0: 2074 6f20 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2056 4152 to variable VAR\n-0003e7c0: 2e20 2056 616c 7565 7320 6f66 2074 7970 . Values of typ\n-0003e7d0: 6573 20e2 8098 6e75 6d62 6572 e280 9920 es ...number... \n-0003e7e0: 616e 6420 e280 9868 6578 e280 9920 6172 and ...hex... ar\n-0003e7f0: 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7665 7274 6564 e. converted\n-0003e800: 2074 6f20 7374 7269 6e67 2072 6570 7265 to string repre\n-0003e810: 7365 6e74 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 sentation.....Fi\n-0003e820: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-0003e830: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6970 7636 5f61 Node: net_ipv6_a\n-0003e840: 7574 6f63 6f6e 662c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 utoconf, Next: \n-0003e850: 6e65 745f 6c73 5f61 6464 722c 2020 5072 net_ls_addr, Pr\n-0003e860: 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6765 745f 6468 6370 ev: net_get_dhcp\n-0003e870: 5f6f 7074 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 _option, Up: Ne\n-0003e880: 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 tworking command\n-0003e890: 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3130 206e 6574 5f69 s..17.5.10 net_i\n-0003e8a0: 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 0a2d 2d2d pv6_autoconf.---\n-0003e8b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0003e8c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-0003e8d0: 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f69 7076 365f 6175 and: net_ipv6_au\n-0003e8e0: 746f 636f 6e66 205b 4341 5244 5d0a 2020 toconf [CARD]. \n-0003e8f0: 2020 2050 6572 666f 726d 2049 5076 3620 Perform IPv6 \n-0003e900: 6175 746f 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f autoconfiguratio\n-0003e910: 6e20 6279 2061 6464 696e 6720 746f 2074 n by adding to t\n-0003e920: 6865 2043 4152 4420 696e 7465 7266 6163 he CARD interfac\n-0003e930: 6520 7769 7468 0a20 2020 2020 6e61 6d65 e with. name\n-0003e940: 2043 4152 44e2 8098 3a6c 696e 6be2 8099 CARD...:link...\n-0003e950: 2061 6e64 206c 696e 6b20 6c6f 6361 6c20 and link local \n-0003e960: 4d41 432d 6261 7365 6420 6164 6472 6573 MAC-based addres\n-0003e970: 732e 2020 4966 206e 6f20 6361 7264 2069 s. If no card i\n-0003e980: 730a 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 s. specified\n-0003e990: 2c20 7065 7266 6f72 6d20 6175 746f 636f , perform autoco\n-0003e9a0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 666f 7220 nfiguration for \n-0003e9b0: 616c 6c20 6578 6973 7469 6e67 2063 6172 all existing car\n-0003e9c0: 6473 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ds.....File: gru\n-0003e9d0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e b.info, Node: n\n-0003e9e0: 6574 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 2c20 204e 6578 et_ls_addr, Nex\n-0003e9f0: 743a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 732c t: net_ls_cards,\n-0003ea00: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6970 7636 Prev: net_ipv6\n-0003ea10: 5f61 7574 6f63 6f6e 662c 2020 5570 3a20 _autoconf, Up: \n-0003ea20: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 Networking comma\n-0003ea30: 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3131 206e 6574 nds..17.5.11 net\n-0003ea40: 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d _ls_addr.-------\n-0003ea50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d ------------.. -\n-0003ea60: 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f6c - Command: net_l\n-0003ea70: 735f 6164 6472 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 s_addr. List\n-0003ea80: 2061 6c6c 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 all configured \n-0003ea90: 696e 7465 7266 6163 6573 2077 6974 6820 interfaces with \n-0003eaa0: 7468 6569 7220 4d41 4320 616e 6420 4950 their MAC and IP\n-0003eab0: 2061 6464 7265 7373 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 addresses.....F\n-0003eac0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-0003ead0: 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 Node: net_ls_ca\n-0003eae0: 7264 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f rds, Next: net_\n-0003eaf0: 6c73 5f64 6e73 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e ls_dns, Prev: n\n-0003eb00: 6574 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 2c20 2055 703a et_ls_addr, Up:\n-0003eb10: 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d Networking comm\n-0003eb20: 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e31 3220 6e65 ands..17.5.12 ne\n-0003eb30: 745f 6c73 5f63 6172 6473 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d t_ls_cards.-----\n-0003eb40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-0003eb50: 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 . -- Command: ne\n-0003eb60: 745f 6c73 5f63 6172 6473 0a20 2020 2020 t_ls_cards. \n-0003eb70: 4c69 7374 2061 6c6c 2064 6574 6563 7465 List all detecte\n-0003eb80: 6420 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6361 7264 7320 d network cards \n-0003eb90: 7769 7468 2074 6865 6972 204d 4143 2061 with their MAC a\n-0003eba0: 6464 7265 7373 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a ddress.....File:\n-0003ebb0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-0003ebc0: 653a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 646e 732c 2020 e: net_ls_dns, \n-0003ebd0: 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f72 6f75 Next: net_ls_rou\n-0003ebe0: 7465 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f tes, Prev: net_\n-0003ebf0: 6c73 5f63 6172 6473 2c20 2055 703a 204e ls_cards, Up: N\n-0003ec00: 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e etworking comman\n-0003ec10: 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e31 3320 6e65 745f ds..17.5.13 net_\n-0003ec20: 6c73 5f64 6e73 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ls_dns.---------\n-0003ec30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n-0003ec40: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f64 ommand: net_ls_d\n-0003ec50: 6e73 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2061 6464 ns. List add\n-0003ec60: 7265 7373 6573 206f 6620 444e 5320 7365 resses of DNS se\n-0003ec70: 7276 6572 7320 7573 6564 2064 7572 696e rvers used durin\n-0003ec80: 6720 6e61 6d65 206c 6f6f 6b75 702e 0a0a g name lookup...\n-0003ec90: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-0003eca0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 o, Node: net_ls\n-0003ecb0: 5f72 6f75 7465 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 _routes, Next: \n-0003ecc0: 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2c20 2050 net_nslookup, P\n-0003ecd0: 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 646e 732c rev: net_ls_dns,\n-0003ece0: 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 Up: Networking\n-0003ecf0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e commands..17.5.\n-0003ed00: 3134 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 6573 14 net_ls_routes\n-0003ed10: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n-0003ed20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d ------.. -- Comm\n-0003ed30: 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 and: net_ls_rout\n-0003ed40: 6573 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2072 6f75 es. List rou\n-0003ed50: 7469 6e67 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2e0a 0a1f ting entries....\n-0003ed60: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-0003ed70: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f6e 736c , Node: net_nsl\n-0003ed80: 6f6f 6b75 702c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 ookup, Next: ne\n-0003ed90: 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e 2c20 2050 7265 t_set_vlan, Pre\n-0003eda0: 763a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 6573 v: net_ls_routes\n-0003edb0: 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e , Up: Networkin\n-0003edc0: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 g commands..17.5\n-0003edd0: 2e31 3520 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 .15 net_nslookup\n-0003ede0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n-0003edf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 -----.. -- Comma\n-0003ee00: 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 nd: net_nslookup\n-0003ee10: 204e 414d 4520 5b53 4552 5645 525d 0a20 NAME [SERVER]. \n-0003ee20: 2020 2020 5265 736f 6c76 6520 6164 6472 Resolve addr\n-0003ee30: 6573 7320 6f66 204e 414d 4520 7573 696e ess of NAME usin\n-0003ee40: 6720 444e 5320 7365 7276 6572 2053 4552 g DNS server SER\n-0003ee50: 5645 522e 2020 4966 206e 6f20 7365 7276 VER. If no serv\n-0003ee60: 6572 2069 730a 2020 2020 2067 6976 656e er is. given\n-0003ee70: 2c20 7573 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6c69 , use default li\n-0003ee80: 7374 206f 6620 7365 7276 6572 732e 0a0a st of servers...\n-0003ee90: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-0003eea0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 7365 o, Node: net_se\n-0003eeb0: 745f 766c 616e 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e t_vlan, Prev: n\n-0003eec0: 6574 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 702c 2020 5570 et_nslookup, Up\n-0003eed0: 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d : Networking com\n-0003eee0: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3136 206e mands..17.5.16 n\n-0003eef0: 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d et_set_vlan.----\n+0003e6d0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+0003e6e0: 643a 206e 6574 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 705f d: net_get_dhcp_\n+0003e6f0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2056 4152 2049 4e54 4552 option VAR INTER\n+0003e700: 4641 4345 204e 554d 4245 5220 5459 5045 FACE NUMBER TYPE\n+0003e710: 0a20 2020 2020 5265 7175 6573 7420 4448 . Request DH\n+0003e720: 4350 206f 7074 696f 6e20 4e55 4d42 4552 CP option NUMBER\n+0003e730: 206f 6620 5459 5045 2076 6961 2049 4e54 of TYPE via INT\n+0003e740: 4552 4641 4345 2e20 2054 5950 4520 6361 ERFACE. TYPE ca\n+0003e750: 6e20 6265 206f 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 n be one. of\n+0003e760: 20e2 8098 7374 7269 6e67 e280 992c 20e2 ...string..., .\n+0003e770: 8098 6e75 6d62 6572 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 ..number... or .\n+0003e780: 8098 6865 78e2 8099 2e20 2049 6620 6f70 ..hex.... If op\n+0003e790: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 666f 756e 642c 2061 tion is found, a\n+0003e7a0: 7373 6967 6e20 6974 730a 2020 2020 2076 ssign its. v\n+0003e7b0: 616c 7565 2074 6f20 7661 7269 6162 6c65 alue to variable\n+0003e7c0: 2056 4152 2e20 2056 616c 7565 7320 6f66 VAR. Values of\n+0003e7d0: 2074 7970 6573 20e2 8098 6e75 6d62 6572 types ...number\n+0003e7e0: e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9868 6578 e280 ... and ...hex..\n+0003e7f0: 9920 6172 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7665 . are. conve\n+0003e800: 7274 6564 2074 6f20 7374 7269 6e67 2072 rted to string r\n+0003e810: 6570 7265 7365 6e74 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a epresentation...\n+0003e820: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n+0003e830: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6970 o, Node: net_ip\n+0003e840: 7636 5f61 7574 6f63 6f6e 662c 2020 4e65 v6_autoconf, Ne\n+0003e850: 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f61 6464 722c xt: net_ls_addr,\n+0003e860: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f 6765 745f Prev: net_get_\n+0003e870: 6468 6370 5f6f 7074 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 dhcp_option, Up\n+0003e880: 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d : Networking com\n+0003e890: 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3130 206e mands..17.5.10 n\n+0003e8a0: 6574 5f69 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 et_ipv6_autoconf\n+0003e8b0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+0003e8c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+0003e8d0: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f69 7076 Command: net_ipv\n+0003e8e0: 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 205b 4341 5244 6_autoconf [CARD\n+0003e8f0: 5d0a 2020 2020 2050 6572 666f 726d 2049 ]. Perform I\n+0003e900: 5076 3620 6175 746f 636f 6e66 6967 7572 Pv6 autoconfigur\n+0003e910: 6174 696f 6e20 6279 2061 6464 696e 6720 ation by adding \n+0003e920: 746f 2074 6865 2043 4152 4420 696e 7465 to the CARD inte\n+0003e930: 7266 6163 6520 7769 7468 0a20 2020 2020 rface with. \n+0003e940: 6e61 6d65 2043 4152 44e2 8098 3a6c 696e name CARD...:lin\n+0003e950: 6be2 8099 2061 6e64 206c 696e 6b20 6c6f k... and link lo\n+0003e960: 6361 6c20 4d41 432d 6261 7365 6420 6164 cal MAC-based ad\n+0003e970: 6472 6573 732e 2020 4966 206e 6f20 6361 dress. If no ca\n+0003e980: 7264 2069 730a 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 rd is. speci\n+0003e990: 6669 6564 2c20 7065 7266 6f72 6d20 6175 fied, perform au\n+0003e9a0: 746f 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 toconfiguration \n+0003e9b0: 666f 7220 616c 6c20 6578 6973 7469 6e67 for all existing\n+0003e9c0: 2063 6172 6473 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a cards.....File:\n+0003e9d0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+0003e9e0: 653a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 2c20 e: net_ls_addr, \n+0003e9f0: 204e 6578 743a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 Next: net_ls_ca\n+0003ea00: 7264 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6e65 745f rds, Prev: net_\n+0003ea10: 6970 7636 5f61 7574 6f63 6f6e 662c 2020 ipv6_autoconf, \n+0003ea20: 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 Up: Networking c\n+0003ea30: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e 3131 ommands..17.5.11\n+0003ea40: 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 0a2d 2d2d net_ls_addr.---\n+0003ea50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003ea60: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e .. -- Command: n\n+0003ea70: 6574 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 0a20 2020 2020 et_ls_addr. \n+0003ea80: 4c69 7374 2061 6c6c 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 List all configu\n+0003ea90: 7265 6420 696e 7465 7266 6163 6573 2077 red interfaces w\n+0003eaa0: 6974 6820 7468 6569 7220 4d41 4320 616e ith their MAC an\n+0003eab0: 6420 4950 2061 6464 7265 7373 6573 2e0a d IP addresses..\n+0003eac0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+0003ead0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f6c fo, Node: net_l\n+0003eae0: 735f 6361 7264 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 s_cards, Next: \n+0003eaf0: 6e65 745f 6c73 5f64 6e73 2c20 2050 7265 net_ls_dns, Pre\n+0003eb00: 763a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 2c20 v: net_ls_addr, \n+0003eb10: 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 Up: Networking \n+0003eb20: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e31 commands..17.5.1\n+0003eb30: 3220 6e65 745f 6c73 5f63 6172 6473 0a2d 2 net_ls_cards.-\n+0003eb40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003eb50: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ---.. -- Command\n+0003eb60: 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f63 6172 6473 0a20 : net_ls_cards. \n+0003eb70: 2020 2020 4c69 7374 2061 6c6c 2064 6574 List all det\n+0003eb80: 6563 7465 6420 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 6361 ected network ca\n+0003eb90: 7264 7320 7769 7468 2074 6865 6972 204d rds with their M\n+0003eba0: 4143 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 AC address.....F\n+0003ebb0: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+0003ebc0: 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 646e Node: net_ls_dn\n+0003ebd0: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 s, Next: net_ls\n+0003ebe0: 5f72 6f75 7465 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 _routes, Prev: \n+0003ebf0: 6e65 745f 6c73 5f63 6172 6473 2c20 2055 net_ls_cards, U\n+0003ec00: 703a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e 6720 636f p: Networking co\n+0003ec10: 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a 3137 2e35 2e31 3320 mmands..17.5.13 \n+0003ec20: 6e65 745f 6c73 5f64 6e73 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d net_ls_dns.-----\n+0003ec30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 -------------.. \n+0003ec40: 2d2d 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f -- Command: net_\n+0003ec50: 6c73 5f64 6e73 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 ls_dns. List\n+0003ec60: 2061 6464 7265 7373 6573 206f 6620 444e addresses of DN\n+0003ec70: 5320 7365 7276 6572 7320 7573 6564 2064 S servers used d\n+0003ec80: 7572 696e 6720 6e61 6d65 206c 6f6f 6b75 uring name looku\n+0003ec90: 702e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 p.....File: grub\n+0003eca0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 .info, Node: ne\n+0003ecb0: 745f 6c73 5f72 6f75 7465 732c 2020 4e65 t_ls_routes, Ne\n+0003ecc0: 7874 3a20 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 xt: net_nslookup\n+0003ecd0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f , Prev: net_ls_\n+0003ece0: 646e 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 dns, Up: Networ\n+0003ecf0: 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 king commands..1\n+0003ed00: 372e 352e 3134 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7.5.14 net_ls_ro\n+0003ed10: 7574 6573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d utes.-----------\n+0003ed20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 ----------.. -- \n+0003ed30: 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f Command: net_ls_\n+0003ed40: 726f 7574 6573 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 7374 routes. List\n+0003ed50: 2072 6f75 7469 6e67 2065 6e74 7269 6573 routing entries\n+0003ed60: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+0003ed70: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 info, Node: net\n+0003ed80: 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 702c 2020 4e65 7874 _nslookup, Next\n+0003ed90: 3a20 6e65 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e 2c20 : net_set_vlan, \n+0003eda0: 2050 7265 763a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f Prev: net_ls_ro\n+0003edb0: 7574 6573 2c20 2055 703a 204e 6574 776f utes, Up: Netwo\n+0003edc0: 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a0a rking commands..\n+0003edd0: 3137 2e35 2e31 3520 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f 17.5.15 net_nslo\n+0003ede0: 6f6b 7570 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d okup.-----------\n+0003edf0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2d2d 2043 ---------.. -- C\n+0003ee00: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 3a20 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f ommand: net_nslo\n+0003ee10: 6f6b 7570 204e 414d 4520 5b53 4552 5645 okup NAME [SERVE\n+0003ee20: 525d 0a20 2020 2020 5265 736f 6c76 6520 R]. Resolve \n+0003ee30: 6164 6472 6573 7320 6f66 204e 414d 4520 address of NAME \n+0003ee40: 7573 696e 6720 444e 5320 7365 7276 6572 using DNS server\n+0003ee50: 2053 4552 5645 522e 2020 4966 206e 6f20 SERVER. If no \n+0003ee60: 7365 7276 6572 2069 730a 2020 2020 2067 server is. g\n+0003ee70: 6976 656e 2c20 7573 6520 6465 6661 756c iven, use defaul\n+0003ee80: 7420 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7365 7276 6572 t list of server\n+0003ee90: 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 s.....File: grub\n+0003eea0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 .info, Node: ne\n+0003eeb0: 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e 2c20 2050 7265 t_set_vlan, Pre\n+0003eec0: 763a 206e 6574 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 702c v: net_nslookup,\n+0003eed0: 2020 5570 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 Up: Networking\n+0003eee0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 352e commands..17.5.\n+0003eef0: 3136 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 6e0a 16 net_set_vlan.\n 0003ef00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0003ef10: 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e 643a 206e .. -- Command: n\n-0003ef20: 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 6e20 494e 5445 et_set_vlan INTE\n-0003ef30: 5246 4143 4520 564c 414e 4944 0a20 2020 RFACE VLANID. \n-0003ef40: 2020 5365 7420 7468 6520 3830 322e 3151 Set the 802.1Q\n-0003ef50: 2056 4c41 4e20 6964 656e 7469 6669 6572 VLAN identifier\n-0003ef60: 206f 6e20 494e 5445 5246 4143 4520 746f on INTERFACE to\n-0003ef70: 2056 4c41 4e49 442e 2020 466f 720a 2020 VLANID. For. \n-0003ef80: 2020 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 746f 2073 example, to s\n-0003ef90: 6574 2074 6865 2056 4c41 4e20 6964 656e et the VLAN iden\n-0003efa0: 7469 6669 6572 206f 6e20 696e 7465 7266 tifier on interf\n-0003efb0: 6163 6520 e280 9865 6669 6e65 7431 e280 ace ...efinet1..\n-0003efc0: 9920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9831 3030 . to. ...100\n-0003efd0: e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ...:.. \n-0003efe0: 6e65 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e 2065 6669 net_set_vlan efi\n-0003eff0: 6e65 7431 2031 3030 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 net1 100.. T\n-0003f000: 6865 2056 4c41 4e20 6964 656e 7469 6669 he VLAN identifi\n-0003f010: 6572 2063 616e 2062 6520 7265 6d6f 7665 er can be remove\n-0003f020: 6420 6279 2073 6574 7469 6e67 2069 7420 d by setting it \n-0003f030: 746f 20e2 8098 30e2 8099 3a0a 0a20 2020 to ...0...:.. \n-0003f040: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 net_set_v\n-0003f050: 6c61 6e20 6566 696e 6574 3120 300a 0a1f lan efinet1 0...\n-0003f060: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-0003f070: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2055 6e64 6f63 756d , Node: Undocum\n-0003f080: 656e 7465 6420 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 ented commands, \n-0003f090: 2050 7265 763a 204e 6574 776f 726b 696e Prev: Networkin\n-0003f0a0: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 2055 703a g commands, Up:\n-0003f0b0: 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 372e 3620 Commands..17.6 \n-0003f0c0: 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 2063 7572 7265 6e74 Commands current\n-0003f0d0: 6c79 2075 6e64 6f63 756d 656e 7465 640a ly undocumented.\n-0003f0e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003ef10: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 202d 2d20 436f 6d6d 616e ----.. -- Comman\n+0003ef20: 643a 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 6e20 d: net_set_vlan \n+0003ef30: 494e 5445 5246 4143 4520 564c 414e 4944 INTERFACE VLANID\n+0003ef40: 0a20 2020 2020 5365 7420 7468 6520 3830 . Set the 80\n+0003ef50: 322e 3151 2056 4c41 4e20 6964 656e 7469 2.1Q VLAN identi\n+0003ef60: 6669 6572 206f 6e20 494e 5445 5246 4143 fier on INTERFAC\n+0003ef70: 4520 746f 2056 4c41 4e49 442e 2020 466f E to VLANID. Fo\n+0003ef80: 720a 2020 2020 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 r. example, \n+0003ef90: 746f 2073 6574 2074 6865 2056 4c41 4e20 to set the VLAN \n+0003efa0: 6964 656e 7469 6669 6572 206f 6e20 696e identifier on in\n+0003efb0: 7465 7266 6163 6520 e280 9865 6669 6e65 terface ...efine\n+0003efc0: 7431 e280 9920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 e280 t1... to. ..\n+0003efd0: 9831 3030 e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 .100...:.. \n+0003efe0: 2020 2020 6e65 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e net_set_vlan\n+0003eff0: 2065 6669 6e65 7431 2031 3030 0a0a 2020 efinet1 100.. \n+0003f000: 2020 2054 6865 2056 4c41 4e20 6964 656e The VLAN iden\n+0003f010: 7469 6669 6572 2063 616e 2062 6520 7265 tifier can be re\n+0003f020: 6d6f 7665 6420 6279 2073 6574 7469 6e67 moved by setting\n+0003f030: 2069 7420 746f 20e2 8098 30e2 8099 3a0a it to ...0...:.\n+0003f040: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f73 . net_s\n+0003f050: 6574 5f76 6c61 6e20 6566 696e 6574 3120 et_vlan efinet1 \n+0003f060: 300a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 0....File: grub.\n+0003f070: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2055 6e64 info, Node: Und\n+0003f080: 6f63 756d 656e 7465 6420 636f 6d6d 616e ocumented comman\n+0003f090: 6473 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204e 6574 776f ds, Prev: Netwo\n+0003f0a0: 726b 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 rking commands, \n+0003f0b0: 2055 703a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 0a31 Up: Commands..1\n+0003f0c0: 372e 3620 436f 6d6d 616e 6473 2063 7572 7.6 Commands cur\n+0003f0d0: 7265 6e74 6c79 2075 6e64 6f63 756d 656e rently undocumen\n+0003f0e0: 7465 640a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ted.============\n 0003f0f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003f100: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 556e 666f 7274 756e 6174 ====..Unfortunat\n-0003f110: 656c 792c 206e 6f74 2061 6c6c 2047 5255 ely, not all GRU\n-0003f120: 4220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 7265 2064 B commands are d\n-0003f130: 6f63 756d 656e 7465 6420 6174 2074 6869 ocumented at thi\n-0003f140: 7320 7469 6d65 2064 7565 2074 6f0a 6465 s time due to.de\n-0003f150: 7665 6c6f 7065 7220 7265 736f 7572 6365 veloper resource\n-0003f160: 2063 6f6e 7374 7261 696e 7473 2e20 204f constraints. O\n-0003f170: 6e65 2077 6179 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 7269 ne way to contri\n-0003f180: 6275 7465 2062 6163 6b20 746f 2074 6865 bute back to the\n-0003f190: 2047 5255 420a 7072 6f6a 6563 7420 776f GRUB.project wo\n-0003f1a0: 756c 6420 6265 2074 6f20 6865 6c70 2064 uld be to help d\n-0003f1b0: 6f63 756d 656e 7420 7468 6573 6520 636f ocument these co\n-0003f1c0: 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 616e 6420 7375 626d mmands, and subm\n-0003f1d0: 6974 2070 6174 6368 6573 206f 720a 6964 it patches or.id\n-0003f1e0: 6561 7320 746f 2074 6865 206d 6169 6c69 eas to the maili\n-0003f1f0: 6e67 206c 6973 742e 2020 5468 6520 666f ng list. The fo\n-0003f200: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6973 2061 2028 6d6f llowing is a (mo\n-0003f210: 7374 206c 696b 656c 7920 696e 636f 6d70 st likely incomp\n-0003f220: 6c65 7465 290a 6c69 7374 206f 6620 756e lete).list of un\n-0003f230: 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 206f 7220 706f documented or po\n-0003f240: 6f72 6c79 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7465 6420 orly documented \n-0003f250: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 6e64 206e 6f74 commands and not\n-0003f260: 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 656d 0a61 7265 all of them.are\n-0003f270: 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2066 6f72 2061 6c6c allowed for all\n-0003f280: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2e20 2052 756e platforms. Run\n-0003f290: 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ning the command\n-0003f2a0: 2068 656c 7020 6672 6f6d 2077 6974 6869 help from withi\n-0003f2b0: 6e20 7468 650a 4752 5542 2073 6865 6c6c n the.GRUB shell\n-0003f2c0: 206d 6179 2070 726f 7669 6465 206d 6f72 may provide mor\n-0003f2d0: 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e e information on\n-0003f2e0: 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 616e 6420 parameters and \n-0003f2f0: 7573 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 usage... ... .\n-0003f300: 8098 616c 6c5f 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c ..all_functional\n-0003f310: 5f74 6573 74e2 8099 202d 2052 756e 2061 _test... - Run a\n-0003f320: 6c6c 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e61 6c20 7465 ll functional te\n-0003f330: 7374 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9862 sts.. ... ...b\n-0003f340: 6163 6b74 7261 6365 e280 9920 2d20 5072 acktrace... - Pr\n-0003f350: 696e 7420 6261 636b 7472 6163 652e 0a20 int backtrace.. \n-0003f360: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9862 6f6f 7474 696d ... ...boottim\n-0003f370: 65e2 8099 202d 2053 686f 7720 626f 6f74 e... - Show boot\n-0003f380: 2074 696d 6520 7374 6174 6973 7469 6373 time statistics\n-0003f390: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6361 6368 .. ... ...cach\n-0003f3a0: 6569 6e66 6fe2 8099 202d 2047 6574 2064 einfo... - Get d\n-0003f3b0: 6973 6b20 6361 6368 6520 696e 666f 2e0a isk cache info..\n-0003f3c0: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6362 6d65 6d63 ... ...cbmemc\n-0003f3d0: e280 9920 2d20 5368 6f77 2043 424d 454d ... - Show CBMEM\n-0003f3e0: 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 console content\n-0003f3f0: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 636d 6f73 .. ... ...cmos\n-0003f400: 7365 74e2 8099 202d 2053 6574 2062 6974 set... - Set bit\n-0003f410: 2061 7420 4259 5445 3a42 4954 2069 6e20 at BYTE:BIT in \n-0003f420: 434d 4f53 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 CMOS.. ... ...\n-0003f430: 636f 7265 626f 6f74 5f62 6f6f 7474 696d coreboot_boottim\n-0003f440: 65e2 8099 202d 2053 686f 7720 636f 7265 e... - Show core\n-0003f450: 626f 6f74 2062 6f6f 7420 7469 6d65 2073 boot boot time s\n-0003f460: 7461 7469 7374 6963 732e 0a20 2020 e280 tatistics.. ..\n-0003f470: a220 e280 9864 756d 70e2 8099 202d 2053 . ...dump... - S\n-0003f480: 686f 7720 6d65 6d6f 7279 2063 6f6e 7465 how memory conte\n-0003f490: 6e74 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9865 nts.. ... ...e\n-0003f4a0: 6669 656d 755f 6c6f 6164 636f 7265 e280 fiemu_loadcore..\n-0003f4b0: 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 6e64 2069 6e69 . - Load and ini\n-0003f4c0: 7469 616c 697a 6520 4546 4920 656d 756c tialize EFI emul\n-0003f4d0: 6174 6f72 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ator.. ... ...\n-0003f4e0: 6566 6965 6d75 5f70 7265 7061 7265 e280 efiemu_prepare..\n-0003f4f0: 9920 2d20 4669 6e61 6c69 7a65 206c 6f61 . - Finalize loa\n-0003f500: 6469 6e67 206f 6620 4546 4920 656d 756c ding of EFI emul\n-0003f510: 6174 6f72 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ator.. ... ...\n-0003f520: 6566 6965 6d75 5f75 6e6c 6f61 64e2 8099 efiemu_unload...\n-0003f530: 202d 2055 6e6c 6f61 6420 4546 4920 656d - Unload EFI em\n-0003f540: 756c 6174 6f72 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 ulator.. ... .\n-0003f550: 8098 6578 6974 e280 9920 2d20 4578 6974 ..exit... - Exit\n-0003f560: 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 2e0a 2020 20e2 from GRUB.. .\n-0003f570: 80a2 20e2 8098 6578 7472 6163 745f 656e .. ...extract_en\n-0003f580: 7472 6965 735f 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 tries_configfile\n-0003f590: e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 6e6f 7468 ... - Load anoth\n-0003f5a0: 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 6669 6c65 2062 er config file b\n-0003f5b0: 7574 2074 616b 650a 2020 2020 206f 6e6c ut take. onl\n-0003f5c0: 7920 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2e0a y menu entries..\n-0003f5d0: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6578 7472 6163 ... ...extrac\n-0003f5e0: 745f 656e 7472 6965 735f 736f 7572 6365 t_entries_source\n-0003f5f0: e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 6e6f 7468 ... - Load anoth\n-0003f600: 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 6669 6c65 2077 er config file w\n-0003f610: 6974 686f 7574 0a20 2020 2020 6368 616e ithout. chan\n-0003f620: 6769 6e67 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 2062 7574 ging context but\n-0003f630: 2074 616b 6520 6f6e 6c79 206d 656e 7520 take only menu \n-0003f640: 656e 7472 6965 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 entries.. ... \n-0003f650: e280 9865 7874 7261 6374 5f6c 6567 6163 ...extract_legac\n-0003f660: 795f 656e 7472 6965 735f 636f 6e66 6967 y_entries_config\n-0003f670: 6669 6c65 e280 9920 2d20 5061 7273 6520 file... - Parse \n-0003f680: 6c65 6761 6379 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 696e legacy config in\n-0003f690: 206e 6577 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 6578 new. contex\n-0003f6a0: 7420 7461 6b69 6e67 206f 6e6c 7920 6d65 t taking only me\n-0003f6b0: 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 0a20 2020 e280 nu entries. ..\n-0003f6c0: a220 e280 9865 7874 7261 6374 5f6c 6567 . ...extract_leg\n-0003f6d0: 6163 795f 656e 7472 6965 735f 736f 7572 acy_entries_sour\n-0003f6e0: 6365 e280 9920 2d20 5061 7273 6520 6c65 ce... - Parse le\n-0003f6f0: 6761 6379 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 696e 2073 gacy config in s\n-0003f700: 616d 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 ame. context\n-0003f710: 2074 616b 696e 6720 6f6e 6c79 206d 656e taking only men\n-0003f720: 7520 656e 7472 6965 730a 2020 20e2 80a2 u entries. ...\n-0003f730: 20e2 8098 6578 7472 6163 745f 7379 736c ...extract_sysl\n-0003f740: 696e 7578 5f65 6e74 7269 6573 5f63 6f6e inux_entries_con\n-0003f750: 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 202d 2045 7865 figfile... - Exe\n-0003f760: 6375 7465 2073 7973 6c69 6e75 7820 636f cute syslinux co\n-0003f770: 6e66 6967 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 206e 6577 nfig in. new\n-0003f780: 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 2074 616b 696e 6720 context taking \n-0003f790: 6f6e 6c79 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 only menu entrie\n-0003f7a0: 730a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6578 7472 s. ... ...extr\n-0003f7b0: 6163 745f 7379 736c 696e 7578 5f65 6e74 act_syslinux_ent\n-0003f7c0: 7269 6573 5f73 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 202d ries_source... -\n-0003f7d0: 2045 7865 6375 7465 2073 7973 6c69 6e75 Execute syslinu\n-0003f7e0: 7820 636f 6e66 6967 2069 6e20 7361 6d65 x config in same\n-0003f7f0: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 6578 7420 7461 . context ta\n-0003f800: 6b69 6e67 206f 6e6c 7920 6d65 6e75 2065 king only menu e\n-0003f810: 6e74 7269 6573 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 ntries. ... ..\n-0003f820: 9866 616b 6562 696f 73e2 8099 202d 2043 .fakebios... - C\n-0003f830: 7265 6174 6520 4249 4f53 2d6c 696b 6520 reate BIOS-like \n-0003f840: 7374 7275 6374 7572 6573 2066 6f72 2062 structures for b\n-0003f850: 6163 6b77 6172 6420 636f 6d70 6174 6962 ackward compatib\n-0003f860: 696c 6974 790a 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 ility. with \n-0003f870: 6578 6973 7469 6e67 204f 532e 0a20 2020 existing OS.. \n-0003f880: e280 a220 e280 9866 696c 65e2 8099 202d ... ...file... -\n-0003f890: 2043 6865 636b 2069 6620 4649 4c45 2069 Check if FILE i\n-0003f8a0: 7320 6f66 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2074 s of specified t\n-0003f8b0: 7970 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9866 ype.. ... ...f\n-0003f8c0: 6978 5f76 6964 656f e280 9920 2d20 4669 ix_video... - Fi\n-0003f8d0: 7820 7669 6465 6f20 7072 6f62 6c65 6d2e x video problem.\n-0003f8e0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9866 7073 7761 . ... ...fpswa\n-0003f8f0: e280 9920 2d20 4469 7370 6c61 7920 4650 ... - Display FP\n-0003f900: 5357 4120 7665 7273 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 SWA version.. \n-0003f910: e280 a220 e280 9866 756e 6374 696f 6e61 ... ...functiona\n-0003f920: 6c5f 7465 7374 e280 9920 2d20 5275 6e20 l_test... - Run \n-0003f930: 616c 6c20 6c6f 6164 6564 2066 756e 6374 all loaded funct\n-0003f940: 696f 6e61 6c20 7465 7374 732e 0a20 2020 ional tests.. \n-0003f950: e280 a220 e280 9867 6462 7374 7562 5f62 ... ...gdbstub_b\n-0003f960: 7265 616b e280 9920 2d20 4272 6561 6b20 reak... - Break \n-0003f970: 696e 746f 2047 4442 0a20 2020 e280 a220 into GDB. ... \n-0003f980: e280 9867 6462 7374 7562 e280 9920 2d20 ...gdbstub... - \n-0003f990: 5374 6172 7420 4744 4220 7374 7562 206f Start GDB stub o\n-0003f9a0: 6e20 6769 7665 6e20 706f 7274 0a20 2020 n given port. \n-0003f9b0: e280 a220 e280 9867 6462 7374 7562 5f73 ... ...gdbstub_s\n-0003f9c0: 746f 70e2 8099 202d 2053 746f 7020 4744 top... - Stop GD\n-0003f9d0: 4220 7374 7562 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 B stub. ... ..\n-0003f9e0: 9868 6470 6172 6de2 8099 202d 2047 6574 .hdparm... - Get\n-0003f9f0: 2f73 6574 2041 5441 2064 6973 6b20 7061 /set ATA disk pa\n-0003fa00: 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 rameters.. ...\n-0003fa10: 20e2 8098 6865 7864 756d 705f 7261 6e64 ...hexdump_rand\n-0003fa20: 6f6d e280 9920 2d20 4865 7864 756d 7020 om... - Hexdump \n-0003fa30: 7261 6e64 6f6d 2064 6174 612e 0a20 2020 random data.. \n-0003fa40: e280 a220 e280 9869 6e62 e280 9920 2d20 ... ...inb... - \n-0003fa50: 5265 6164 2038 2d62 6974 2076 616c 7565 Read 8-bit value\n-0003fa60: 2066 726f 6d20 504f 5254 2e0a 2020 20e2 from PORT.. .\n-0003fa70: 80a2 20e2 8098 696e 6ce2 8099 202d 2052 .. ...inl... - R\n-0003fa80: 6561 6420 3332 2d62 6974 2076 616c 7565 ead 32-bit value\n-0003fa90: 2066 726f 6d20 504f 5254 2e0a 2020 20e2 from PORT.. .\n-0003faa0: 80a2 20e2 8098 696e 77e2 8099 202d 2052 .. ...inw... - R\n-0003fab0: 6561 6420 3136 2d62 6974 2076 616c 7565 ead 16-bit value\n-0003fac0: 2066 726f 6d20 504f 5254 2e0a 2020 20e2 from PORT.. .\n-0003fad0: 80a2 20e2 8098 6a70 6567 7465 7374 e280 .. ...jpegtest..\n-0003fae0: 9920 2d20 5465 7374 7320 6c6f 6164 696e . - Tests loadin\n-0003faf0: 6720 6f66 204a 5045 4720 6269 746d 6170 g of JPEG bitmap\n-0003fb00: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6b65 796d .. ... ...keym\n-0003fb10: 6170 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 206b ap... - Load a k\n-0003fb20: 6579 626f 6172 6420 6c61 796f 7574 2e0a eyboard layout..\n-0003fb30: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c65 6761 6379 ... ...legacy\n-0003fb40: 5f63 6865 636b 5f70 6173 7377 6f72 64e2 _check_password.\n-0003fb50: 8099 202d 2053 696d 756c 6174 6520 6772 .. - Simulate gr\n-0003fb60: 7562 2d6c 6567 6163 7920 2770 6173 7377 ub-legacy 'passw\n-0003fb70: 6f72 6427 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a20 2020 ord' command. \n-0003fb80: 2020 696e 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 in menu entry \n-0003fb90: 6d6f 6465 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c mode. ... ...l\n-0003fba0: 6567 6163 795f 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 egacy_configfile\n-0003fbb0: e280 9920 2d20 5061 7273 6520 6c65 6761 ... - Parse lega\n-0003fbc0: 6379 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 696e 206e 6577 cy config in new\n-0003fbd0: 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 0a20 2020 e280 a220 context. ... \n-0003fbe0: e280 986c 6567 6163 795f 7061 7373 776f ...legacy_passwo\n-0003fbf0: 7264 e280 9920 2d20 5369 6d75 6c61 7465 rd... - Simulate\n-0003fc00: 2067 7275 622d 6c65 6761 6379 2027 7061 grub-legacy 'pa\n-0003fc10: 7373 776f 7264 2720 636f 6d6d 616e 640a ssword' command.\n-0003fc20: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c65 6761 6379 ... ...legacy\n-0003fc30: 5f73 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 202d 2050 6172 _source... - Par\n-0003fc40: 7365 206c 6567 6163 7920 636f 6e66 6967 se legacy config\n-0003fc50: 2069 6e20 7361 6d65 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 in same context\n-0003fc60: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 6f61 6462 . ... ...loadb\n-0003fc70: 696f 73e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 4249 ios... - Load BI\n-0003fc80: 4f53 2064 756d 702e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 OS dump.. ... \n-0003fc90: e280 986c 7361 6370 69e2 8099 202d 2053 ...lsacpi... - S\n-0003fca0: 686f 7720 4143 5049 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 how ACPI informa\n-0003fcb0: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 tion.. ... ...\n-0003fcc0: 6c73 6170 6de2 8099 202d 2053 686f 7720 lsapm... - Show \n-0003fcd0: 4150 4d20 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e APM information.\n-0003fce0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 7363 6f72 . ... ...lscor\n-0003fcf0: 6562 6f6f 74e2 8099 202d 204c 6973 7420 eboot... - List \n-0003fd00: 636f 7265 626f 6f74 2074 6162 6c65 732e coreboot tables.\n-0003fd10: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 7364 6576 . ... ...lsdev\n-0003fd20: e280 9920 2d20 4c69 7374 2064 6576 6963 ... - List devic\n-0003fd30: 6573 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c73 es.. ... ...ls\n-0003fd40: 6566 69e2 8099 202d 2044 6973 706c 6179 efi... - Display\n-0003fd50: 2045 4649 2068 616e 646c 6573 2e0a 2020 EFI handles.. \n-0003fd60: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c73 6566 696d 6d61 ... ...lsefimma\n-0003fd70: 70e2 8099 202d 2044 6973 706c 6179 2045 p... - Display E\n-0003fd80: 4649 206d 656d 6f72 7920 6d61 702e 0a20 FI memory map.. \n-0003fd90: 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 7365 6669 7379 ... ...lsefisy\n-0003fda0: 7374 6162 e280 9920 2d20 4469 7370 6c61 stab... - Displa\n-0003fdb0: 7920 4546 4920 7379 7374 656d 2074 6162 y EFI system tab\n-0003fdc0: 6c65 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c les.. ... ...l\n-0003fdd0: 736d 6d61 70e2 8099 202d 204c 6973 7420 smmap... - List \n-0003fde0: 6d65 6d6f 7279 206d 6170 2070 726f 7669 memory map provi\n-0003fdf0: 6465 6420 6279 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e ded by firmware.\n-0003fe00: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 7370 6369 . ... ...lspci\n-0003fe10: e280 9920 2d20 4c69 7374 2050 4349 2064 ... - List PCI d\n-0003fe20: 6576 6963 6573 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 evices.. ... .\n-0003fe30: 8098 6c73 7361 6ce2 8099 202d 2044 6973 ..lssal... - Dis\n-0003fe40: 706c 6179 2053 414c 2073 7973 7465 6d20 play SAL system \n-0003fe50: 7461 626c 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 table.. ... ..\n-0003fe60: 986c 7373 7064 e280 9920 2d20 5072 696e .lsspd... - Prin\n-0003fe70: 7420 4d65 6d6f 7279 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 t Memory informa\n-0003fe80: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 tion.. ... ...\n-0003fe90: 6d61 6370 7063 626c 6573 73e2 8099 202d macppcbless... -\n-0003fea0: 2042 6c65 7373 2044 4952 206f 6620 4846 Bless DIR of HF\n-0003feb0: 5320 6f72 2048 4653 2b20 7061 7274 6974 S or HFS+ partit\n-0003fec0: 696f 6e20 666f 7220 5050 4320 6d61 6373 ion for PPC macs\n-0003fed0: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6d61 6374 .. ... ...mact\n-0003fee0: 656c 626c 6573 73e2 8099 202d 2042 6c65 elbless... - Ble\n-0003fef0: 7373 2046 494c 4520 6f66 2048 4653 206f ss FILE of HFS o\n-0003ff00: 7220 4846 532b 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e r HFS+ partition\n-0003ff10: 2066 6f72 2069 6e74 656c 206d 6163 732e for intel macs.\n-0003ff20: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986e 6574 5f73 . ... ...net_s\n-0003ff30: 6574 5f76 6c61 6ee2 8099 202d 2053 6574 et_vlan... - Set\n-0003ff40: 2061 6e20 696e 7465 7266 6163 6527 7320 an interface's \n-0003ff50: 766c 616e 2069 642e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 vlan id.. ... \n-0003ff60: e280 986f 7574 62e2 8099 202d 2057 7269 ...outb... - Wri\n-0003ff70: 7465 2038 2d62 6974 2056 414c 5545 2074 te 8-bit VALUE t\n-0003ff80: 6f20 504f 5254 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 o PORT.. ... .\n-0003ff90: 8098 6f75 746c e280 9920 2d20 5772 6974 ..outl... - Writ\n-0003ffa0: 6520 3332 2d62 6974 2056 414c 5545 2074 e 32-bit VALUE t\n-0003ffb0: 6f20 504f 5254 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 o PORT.. ... .\n-0003ffc0: 8098 6f75 7477 e280 9920 2d20 5772 6974 ..outw... - Writ\n-0003ffd0: 6520 3136 2d62 6974 2056 414c 5545 2074 e 16-bit VALUE t\n-0003ffe0: 6f20 504f 5254 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 o PORT.. ... .\n-0003fff0: 8098 7063 6964 756d 70e2 8099 202d 2053 ..pcidump... - S\n-00040000: 686f 7720 7261 7720 6475 6d70 206f 6620 how raw dump of \n-00040010: 7468 6520 5043 4920 636f 6e66 6967 7572 the PCI configur\n-00040020: 6174 696f 6e20 7370 6163 652e 0a20 2020 ation space.. \n-00040030: e280 a220 e280 9870 6e67 7465 7374 e280 ... ...pngtest..\n-00040040: 9920 2d20 5465 7374 7320 6c6f 6164 696e . - Tests loadin\n-00040050: 6720 6f66 2050 4e47 2062 6974 6d61 702e g of PNG bitmap.\n-00040060: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9872 6561 645f . ... ...read_\n-00040070: 6279 7465 e280 9920 2d20 5265 6164 2038 byte... - Read 8\n-00040080: 2d62 6974 2076 616c 7565 2066 726f 6d20 -bit value from \n-00040090: 4144 4452 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ADDR.. ... ...\n-000400a0: 7265 6164 5f64 776f 7264 e280 9920 2d20 read_dword... - \n-000400b0: 5265 6164 2033 322d 6269 7420 7661 6c75 Read 32-bit valu\n-000400c0: 6520 6672 6f6d 2041 4444 522e 0a20 2020 e from ADDR.. \n-000400d0: e280 a220 e280 9872 6561 645f 776f 7264 ... ...read_word\n-000400e0: e280 9920 2d20 5265 6164 2031 362d 6269 ... - Read 16-bi\n-000400f0: 7420 7661 6c75 6520 6672 6f6d 2041 4444 t value from ADD\n-00040100: 522e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9873 6574 R.. ... ...set\n-00040110: 7063 69e2 8099 202d 204d 616e 6970 756c pci... - Manipul\n-00040120: 6174 6520 5043 4920 6465 7669 6365 732e ate PCI devices.\n-00040130: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9873 7573 7065 . ... ...suspe\n-00040140: 6e64 e280 9920 2d20 5265 7475 726e 2074 nd... - Return t\n-00040150: 6f20 4945 4545 3132 3735 2070 726f 6d70 o IEEE1275 promp\n-00040160: 742e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9873 7973 t.. ... ...sys\n-00040170: 6c69 6e75 785f 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 linux_configfile\n-00040180: e280 9920 2d20 4578 6563 7574 6520 7379 ... - Execute sy\n-00040190: 736c 696e 7578 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 696e slinux config in\n-000401a0: 206e 6577 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 0a20 2020 new context. \n-000401b0: e280 a220 e280 9873 7973 6c69 6e75 785f ... ...syslinux_\n-000401c0: 736f 7572 6365 e280 9920 2d20 4578 6563 source... - Exec\n-000401d0: 7574 6520 7379 736c 696e 7578 2063 6f6e ute syslinux con\n-000401e0: 6669 6720 696e 2073 616d 6520 636f 6e74 fig in same cont\n-000401f0: 6578 740a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7465 ext. ... ...te\n-00040200: 7374 5f62 6c6f 636b 6172 67e2 8099 202d st_blockarg... -\n-00040210: 2050 7269 6e74 2061 6e64 2065 7865 6375 Print and execu\n-00040220: 7465 2062 6c6f 636b 2061 7267 756d 656e te block argumen\n-00040230: 742e 2c20 300a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 t., 0. ... ...\n-00040240: 7465 7374 6c6f 6164 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f testload... - Lo\n-00040250: 6164 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6669 6c65 ad the same file\n-00040260: 2069 6e20 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2077 6179 in multiple way\n-00040270: 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9874 6573 s.. ... ...tes\n-00040280: 7473 7065 6564 e280 9920 2d20 5465 7374 tspeed... - Test\n-00040290: 2066 696c 6520 7265 6164 2073 7065 6564 file read speed\n-000402a0: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7467 6174 .. ... ...tgat\n-000402b0: 6573 74e2 8099 202d 2054 6573 7473 206c est... - Tests l\n-000402c0: 6f61 6469 6e67 206f 6620 5447 4120 6269 oading of TGA bi\n-000402d0: 746d 6170 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 tmap.. ... ...\n-000402e0: 7469 6d65 e280 9920 2d20 4d65 6173 7572 time... - Measur\n-000402f0: 6520 7469 6d65 2075 7365 6420 6279 2043 e time used by C\n-00040300: 4f4d 4d41 4e44 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 OMMAND. ... ..\n-00040310: 9874 72e2 8099 202d 2054 7261 6e73 6c61 .tr... - Transla\n-00040320: 7465 2053 4554 3120 6368 6172 6163 7465 te SET1 characte\n-00040330: 7273 2074 6f20 5345 5432 2069 6e20 5354 rs to SET2 in ST\n-00040340: 5249 4e47 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 RING.. ... ...\n-00040350: 7573 62e2 8099 202d 2054 6573 7420 5553 usb... - Test US\n-00040360: 4220 7375 7070 6f72 742e 0a20 2020 e280 B support.. ..\n-00040370: a220 e280 9876 6265 696e 666f e280 9920 . ...vbeinfo... \n-00040380: 2d20 4c69 7374 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 - List available\n-00040390: 2076 6964 656f 206d 6f64 6573 2e20 2049 video modes. I\n-000403a0: 6620 7265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 f resolution is \n-000403b0: 6769 7665 6e0a 2020 2020 2073 686f 7720 given. show \n-000403c0: 6f6e 6c79 206d 6f64 6573 206d 6174 6368 only modes match\n-000403d0: 696e 6720 6974 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 ing it.. ... .\n-000403e0: 8098 7662 6574 6573 74e2 8099 202d 2054 ..vbetest... - T\n-000403f0: 6573 7420 7669 6465 6f20 7375 6273 7973 est video subsys\n-00040400: 7465 6d2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9876 tem.. ... ...v\n-00040410: 6964 656f 7465 7374 e280 9920 2d20 5465 ideotest... - Te\n-00040420: 7374 2076 6964 656f 2073 7562 7379 7374 st video subsyst\n-00040430: 656d 2069 6e20 6d6f 6465 2057 7848 2e0a em in mode WxH..\n-00040440: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7772 6974 655f ... ...write_\n-00040450: 6279 7465 e280 9920 2d20 5772 6974 6520 byte... - Write \n-00040460: 382d 6269 7420 5641 4c55 4520 746f 2041 8-bit VALUE to A\n-00040470: 4444 522e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9877 DDR.. ... ...w\n-00040480: 7269 7465 5f64 776f 7264 e280 9920 2d20 rite_dword... - \n-00040490: 5772 6974 6520 3332 2d62 6974 2056 414c Write 32-bit VAL\n-000404a0: 5545 2074 6f20 4144 4452 2e0a 2020 20e2 UE to ADDR.. .\n-000404b0: 80a2 20e2 8098 7772 6974 655f 776f 7264 .. ...write_word\n-000404c0: e280 9920 2d20 5772 6974 6520 3136 2d62 ... - Write 16-b\n-000404d0: 6974 2056 414c 5545 2074 6f20 4144 4452 it VALUE to ADDR\n-000404e0: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7865 6e5f .. ... ...xen_\n-000404f0: 6361 74e2 8099 202d 204c 6973 7420 5865 cat... - List Xe\n-00040500: 6e20 7374 6f72 6167 652e 0a20 2020 e280 n storage.. ..\n-00040510: a220 e280 9878 656e 5f6c 73e2 8099 202d . ...xen_ls... -\n-00040520: 204c 6973 7420 5865 6e20 7374 6f72 6167 List Xen storag\n-00040530: 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9878 6e75 e.. ... ...xnu\n-00040540: 5f64 6576 7072 6f70 5f6c 6f61 64e2 8099 _devprop_load...\n-00040550: 202d 204c 6f61 6420 2764 6576 6963 652d - Load 'device-\n-00040560: 7072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 2720 6475 6d70 properties' dump\n-00040570: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 786e 755f .. ... ...xnu_\n-00040580: 7575 6964 e280 9920 2d20 5472 616e 7366 uuid... - Transf\n-00040590: 6f72 6d20 3634 2d62 6974 2055 5549 4420 orm 64-bit UUID \n-000405a0: 746f 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 7375 6974 6162 to format suitab\n-000405b0: 6c65 2066 6f72 2058 4e55 2e20 4966 0a20 le for XNU. If. \n-000405c0: 2020 2020 2d6c 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e20 -l is given \n-000405d0: 6b65 6570 2069 7420 6c6f 7765 7263 6173 keep it lowercas\n-000405e0: 6520 6173 2064 6f6e 6520 6279 2062 6c6b e as done by blk\n-000405f0: 6964 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7a66 id.. ... ...zf\n-00040600: 732d 626f 6f74 6673 e280 9920 2d20 5072 s-bootfs... - Pr\n-00040610: 696e 7420 5a46 532d 424f 4f54 4653 4f42 int ZFS-BOOTFSOB\n-00040620: 4a20 6f72 2073 746f 7265 2069 7420 696e J or store it in\n-00040630: 746f 2056 4152 4941 424c 450a 2020 20e2 to VARIABLE. .\n-00040640: 80a2 20e2 8098 7a66 7369 6e66 6fe2 8099 .. ...zfsinfo...\n-00040650: 202d 2050 7269 6e74 205a 4653 2069 6e66 - Print ZFS inf\n-00040660: 6f20 6162 6f75 7420 4445 5649 4345 2e0a o about DEVICE..\n-00040670: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7a66 736b 6579 ... ...zfskey\n-00040680: e280 9920 2d20 496d 706f 7274 205a 4653 ... - Import ZFS\n-00040690: 2077 7261 7070 696e 6720 6b65 7920 7374 wrapping key st\n-000406a0: 6f72 6564 2069 6e20 4649 4c45 2e0a 0a1f ored in FILE....\n-000406b0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-000406c0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 6572 6e61 , Node: Interna\n-000406d0: 7469 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 tionalisation, \n-000406e0: 4e65 7874 3a20 5365 6375 7269 7479 2c20 Next: Security, \n-000406f0: 2050 7265 763a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 732c Prev: Commands,\n-00040700: 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 3820 496e Up: Top..18 In\n-00040710: 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 7361 7469 ternationalisati\n-00040720: 6f6e 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a on.*************\n-00040730: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 3138 2e31 **********..18.1\n-00040740: 2043 6861 7273 6574 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d Charset.=======\n-00040750: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 7573 6573 =====..GRUB uses\n-00040760: 2055 5446 2d38 2069 6e74 6572 6e61 6c6c UTF-8 internall\n-00040770: 7920 6f74 6865 7220 7468 616e 2069 6e20 y other than in \n-00040780: 7265 6e64 6572 696e 6720 7768 6572 6520 rendering where \n-00040790: 736f 6d65 0a47 5255 422d 7370 6563 6966 some.GRUB-specif\n-000407a0: 6963 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2072 ic appropriate r\n-000407b0: 6570 7265 7365 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 6973 epresentation is\n-000407c0: 2075 7365 642e 2020 416c 6c20 7465 7874 used. All text\n-000407d0: 2066 696c 6573 0a28 696e 636c 7564 696e files.(includin\n-000407e0: 6720 636f 6e66 6967 2920 6172 6520 6173 g config) are as\n-000407f0: 7375 6d65 6420 746f 2062 6520 656e 636f sumed to be enco\n-00040800: 6465 6420 696e 2055 5446 2d38 2e0a 0a31 ded in UTF-8...1\n-00040810: 382e 3220 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 730a 8.2 Filesystems.\n-00040820: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00040830: 0a0a 4e54 4653 2c20 4a46 532c 2055 4446 ..NTFS, JFS, UDF\n-00040840: 2c20 4846 532b 2c20 6578 4641 542c 206c , HFS+, exFAT, l\n-00040850: 6f6e 6720 6669 6c65 6e61 6d65 7320 696e ong filenames in\n-00040860: 2046 4154 2c20 4a6f 6c69 6574 2070 6172 FAT, Joliet par\n-00040870: 7420 6f66 0a49 534f 3936 3630 2061 7265 t of.ISO9660 are\n-00040880: 2074 7265 6174 6564 2061 7320 5554 462d treated as UTF-\n-00040890: 3136 2061 7320 7065 7220 7370 6563 6966 16 as per specif\n-000408a0: 6963 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 4146 5320 616e ication. AFS an\n-000408b0: 6420 4246 5320 6172 650a 7265 6164 2061 d BFS are.read a\n-000408c0: 7320 5554 462d 382c 2061 6761 696e 2061 s UTF-8, again a\n-000408d0: 6363 6f72 6469 6e67 2074 6f20 7370 6563 ccording to spec\n-000408e0: 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 4274 7246 ification. BtrF\n-000408f0: 532c 2063 7069 6f2c 2074 6172 2c0a 7371 S, cpio, tar,.sq\n-00040900: 7561 7368 342c 206d 696e 6978 2c20 6d69 uash4, minix, mi\n-00040910: 6e69 7832 2c20 6d69 6e69 7833 2c20 524f nix2, minix3, RO\n-00040920: 4d46 532c 2052 6569 7365 7246 532c 2058 MFS, ReiserFS, X\n-00040930: 4653 2c20 6578 7432 2c20 6578 7433 2c20 FS, ext2, ext3, \n-00040940: 6578 7434 2c0a 4641 5420 2873 686f 7274 ext4,.FAT (short\n-00040950: 206e 616d 6573 292c 2046 3246 532c 2052 names), F2FS, R\n-00040960: 6f63 6b52 6964 6765 2070 6172 7420 6f66 ockRidge part of\n-00040970: 2049 534f 3936 3630 2c20 6e69 6c66 7332 ISO9660, nilfs2\n-00040980: 2c20 5546 5331 2c20 5546 5332 0a61 6e64 , UFS1, UFS2.and\n-00040990: 205a 4653 2061 7265 2061 7373 756d 6564 ZFS are assumed\n-000409a0: 2074 6f20 6265 2055 5446 2d38 2e20 2054 to be UTF-8. T\n-000409b0: 6869 7320 6d69 6768 7420 6265 2066 616c his might be fal\n-000409c0: 7365 206f 6e20 7379 7374 656d 730a 636f se on systems.co\n-000409d0: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2077 6974 6820 6c65 nfigured with le\n-000409e0: 6761 6379 2063 6861 7273 6574 2062 7574 gacy charset but\n-000409f0: 2061 7320 6c6f 6e67 2061 7320 7468 6520 as long as the \n-00040a00: 6368 6172 7365 7420 7573 6564 2069 730a charset used is.\n-00040a10: 7375 7065 7273 6574 206f 6620 4153 4349 superset of ASCI\n-00040a20: 4920 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 I you should be \n-00040a30: 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6163 6365 7373 2041 able to access A\n-00040a40: 5343 4949 2d6e 616d 6564 2066 696c 6573 SCII-named files\n-00040a50: 2e20 2041 6e64 0a69 7427 7320 7265 636f . And.it's reco\n-00040a60: 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 746f 2063 6f6e 6669 mmended to confi\n-00040a70: 6775 7265 2079 6f75 7220 7379 7374 656d gure your system\n-00040a80: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 5554 462d 3820 746f to use UTF-8 to\n-00040a90: 2061 6363 6573 7320 7468 650a 6669 6c65 access the.file\n-00040aa0: 7379 7374 656d 2c20 636f 6e76 6d76 206d system, convmv m\n-00040ab0: 6179 2068 656c 7020 7769 7468 206d 6967 ay help with mig\n-00040ac0: 7261 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 534f 3936 3630 ration. ISO9660\n-00040ad0: 2028 706c 6169 6e29 2066 696c 656e 616d (plain) filenam\n-00040ae0: 6573 0a61 7265 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 es.are specified\n-00040af0: 2061 7320 6265 696e 6720 4153 4349 4920 as being ASCII \n-00040b00: 6f72 2062 6569 6e67 2064 6573 6372 6962 or being describ\n-00040b10: 6564 2077 6974 6820 756e 7370 6563 6966 ed with unspecif\n-00040b20: 6965 6420 6573 6361 7065 0a73 6571 7565 ied escape.seque\n-00040b30: 6e63 6573 2e20 2047 5255 4220 6173 7375 nces. GRUB assu\n-00040b40: 6d65 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 2049 534f mes that the ISO\n-00040b50: 3936 3630 206e 616d 6573 2061 7265 2055 9660 names are U\n-00040b60: 5446 2d38 2028 7369 6e63 6520 616e 790a TF-8 (since any.\n-00040b70: 4153 4349 4920 6973 2076 616c 6964 2055 ASCII is valid U\n-00040b80: 5446 2d38 292e 2020 5468 6572 6520 6172 TF-8). There ar\n-00040b90: 6520 736f 6d65 206f 6c64 2043 442d 524f e some old CD-RO\n-00040ba0: 4d73 2077 6869 6368 2075 7365 2043 5034 Ms which use CP4\n-00040bb0: 3337 2069 6e0a 6e6f 6e2d 636f 6d70 6c69 37 in.non-compli\n-00040bc0: 616e 7420 7761 792e 2020 596f 7527 7265 ant way. You're\n-00040bd0: 2073 7469 6c6c 2061 626c 6520 746f 2061 still able to a\n-00040be0: 6363 6573 7320 6669 6c65 7320 7769 7468 ccess files with\n-00040bf0: 206e 616d 6573 0a63 6f6e 7461 696e 696e names.containin\n-00040c00: 6720 6f6e 6c79 2041 5343 4949 2063 6861 g only ASCII cha\n-00040c10: 7261 6374 6572 7320 6f6e 2073 7563 6820 racters on such \n-00040c20: 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 7320 7468 6f75 filesystems thou\n-00040c30: 6768 2e20 2059 6f75 2772 650a 616c 736f gh. You're.also\n-00040c40: 2061 626c 6520 746f 2061 6363 6573 7320 able to access \n-00040c50: 616e 7920 6669 6c65 2069 6620 7468 6520 any file if the \n-00040c60: 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2063 6f6e 7461 filesystem conta\n-00040c70: 696e 7320 7661 6c69 6420 4a6f 6c69 6574 ins valid Joliet\n-00040c80: 0a28 5554 462d 3136 2920 6f72 2052 6f63 .(UTF-16) or Roc\n-00040c90: 6b52 6964 6765 2028 5554 462d 3829 2e20 kRidge (UTF-8). \n-00040ca0: 2041 4646 532c 2053 4653 2061 6e64 2048 AFFS, SFS and H\n-00040cb0: 4653 206e 6576 6572 2075 7365 2075 6e69 FS never use uni\n-00040cc0: 636f 6465 2061 6e64 0a47 5255 4220 6173 code and.GRUB as\n-00040cd0: 7375 6d65 7320 7468 656d 2074 6f20 6265 sumes them to be\n-00040ce0: 2069 6e20 4c61 7469 6e31 2c20 4c61 7469 in Latin1, Lati\n-00040cf0: 6e31 2061 6e64 204d 6163 526f 6d61 6e20 n1 and MacRoman \n-00040d00: 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2e0a 4752 respectively..GR\n-00040d10: 5542 2068 616e 646c 6573 2066 696c 6573 UB handles files\n-00040d20: 7973 7465 6d20 6361 7365 2d69 6e73 656e ystem case-insen\n-00040d30: 7369 7469 7669 7479 2068 6f77 6576 6572 sitivity however\n-00040d40: 206e 6f20 6174 7465 6d70 7420 6973 0a70 no attempt is.p\n-00040d50: 6572 666f 726d 6564 2061 7420 6361 7365 erformed at case\n-00040d60: 2063 6f6e 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2069 conversion of i\n-00040d70: 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c 2063 6861 nternational cha\n-00040d80: 7261 6374 6572 7320 736f 2065 2e67 2e20 racters so e.g. \n-00040d90: 2061 2066 696c 650a 6e61 6d65 6420 6c6f a file.named lo\n-00040da0: 7765 7263 6173 6520 6772 6565 6b20 616c wercase greek al\n-00040db0: 7068 6120 6973 2074 7265 6174 6564 2061 pha is treated a\n-00040dc0: 7320 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 6672 6f6d s different from\n-00040dd0: 2074 6865 206f 6e65 206e 616d 6564 0a61 the one named.a\n-00040de0: 7320 7570 7065 7263 6173 6520 616c 7068 s uppercase alph\n-00040df0: 612e 2020 5468 6520 6669 6c65 7379 7374 a. The filesyst\n-00040e00: 656d 7320 696e 2071 7565 7374 696f 6e73 ems in questions\n-00040e10: 2061 7265 204e 5446 5320 2865 7863 6570 are NTFS (excep\n-00040e20: 7420 504f 5349 580a 6e61 6d65 7370 6163 t POSIX.namespac\n-00040e30: 6529 2c20 4846 532b 2028 636f 6e66 6967 e), HFS+ (config\n-00040e40: 7572 6162 6c65 2061 7420 6d6b 6673 2074 urable at mkfs t\n-00040e50: 696d 652c 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 6e73 ime, default ins\n-00040e60: 656e 7369 7469 7665 292c 2053 4653 0a28 ensitive), SFS.(\n-00040e70: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6162 6c65 2061 7420 configurable at \n-00040e80: 6d6b 6673 2074 696d 652c 2064 6566 6175 mkfs time, defau\n-00040e90: 6c74 2069 6e73 656e 7369 7469 7665 292c lt insensitive),\n-00040ea0: 204a 4653 2028 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6162 JFS (configurab\n-00040eb0: 6c65 2061 740a 6d6b 6673 2074 696d 652c le at.mkfs time,\n-00040ec0: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2073 656e 7369 7469 default sensiti\n-00040ed0: 7665 292c 2048 4653 2c20 4146 4653 2c20 ve), HFS, AFFS, \n-00040ee0: 4641 542c 2065 7846 4154 2061 6e64 205a FAT, exFAT and Z\n-00040ef0: 4653 0a28 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6162 6c65 FS.(configurable\n-00040f00: 206f 6e20 7065 722d 7375 6276 6f6c 756d on per-subvolum\n-00040f10: 6520 6261 7369 7320 6279 2070 726f 7065 e basis by prope\n-00040f20: 7274 7920 2263 6173 6573 656e 7369 7469 rty \"casesensiti\n-00040f30: 7669 7479 222c 0a64 6566 6175 6c74 2073 vity\",.default s\n-00040f40: 656e 7369 7469 7665 292e 2020 4f6e 205a ensitive). On Z\n-00040f50: 4653 2073 7562 766f 6c75 6d65 7320 6d61 FS subvolumes ma\n-00040f60: 726b 6564 2061 7320 6361 7365 2069 6e73 rked as case ins\n-00040f70: 656e 7369 7469 7665 2066 696c 6573 0a63 ensitive files.c\n-00040f80: 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 6c6f 7765 7263 ontaining lowerc\n-00040f90: 6173 6520 696e 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 ase internationa\n-00040fa0: 6c20 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2061 7265 l characters are\n-00040fb0: 2069 6e61 6363 6573 7369 626c 652e 2020 inaccessible. \n-00040fc0: 416c 736f 0a6c 696b 6520 616c 6c20 7375 Also.like all su\n-00040fd0: 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6669 6c65 7379 7374 pported filesyst\n-00040fe0: 656d 7320 6578 6365 7074 2048 4653 2b20 ems except HFS+ \n-00040ff0: 616e 6420 5a46 5320 2863 6f6e 6669 6775 and ZFS (configu\n-00041000: 7261 626c 6520 6f6e 0a70 6572 2d73 7562 rable on.per-sub\n-00041010: 766f 6c75 6d65 2062 6173 6973 2062 7920 volume basis by \n-00041020: 7072 6f70 6572 7479 2022 6e6f 726d 616c property \"normal\n-00041030: 697a 6174 696f 6e22 2c20 6465 6661 756c ization\", defaul\n-00041040: 7420 6e6f 6e65 2920 4752 5542 0a6d 616b t none) GRUB.mak\n-00041050: 6573 206e 6f20 6174 7465 6d70 7420 6174 es no attempt at\n-00041060: 2063 6865 636b 206f 6620 6361 6e6f 6e69 check of canoni\n-00041070: 6361 6c20 6571 7569 7661 6c65 6e63 6520 cal equivalence \n-00041080: 736f 2061 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 0a75 so a file name.u\n-00041090: 2d64 6961 7265 7369 7320 6973 2074 7265 -diaresis is tre\n-000410a0: 6174 6564 2061 7320 6469 7374 696e 6374 ated as distinct\n-000410b0: 2066 726f 6d20 752b 636f 6d62 696e 696e from u+combinin\n-000410c0: 6720 6469 6172 6573 6973 2e20 2054 6869 g diaresis. Thi\n-000410d0: 730a 686f 7765 7665 7220 6d65 616e 7320 s.however means \n-000410e0: 7468 6174 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f that in order to\n-000410f0: 2061 6363 6573 7320 6669 6c65 206f 6e20 access file on \n-00041100: 4846 532b 2069 7473 206e 616d 6520 6d75 HFS+ its name mu\n-00041110: 7374 2062 650a 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 st be.specified \n-00041120: 696e 206e 6f72 6d61 6c69 7361 7469 6f6e in normalisation\n-00041130: 2066 6f72 6d20 442e 204f 6e20 6e6f 726d form D. On norm\n-00041140: 616c 697a 6564 205a 4653 2073 7562 766f alized ZFS subvo\n-00041150: 6c75 6d65 730a 6669 6c65 6e61 6d65 7320 lumes.filenames \n-00041160: 6f75 7420 6f66 206e 6f72 6d61 6c69 7361 out of normalisa\n-00041170: 7469 6f6e 2061 7265 2069 6e61 6363 6573 tion are inacces\n-00041180: 7369 626c 652e 0a0a 3138 2e33 204f 7574 sible...18.3 Out\n-00041190: 7075 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c 0a3d 3d3d put terminal.===\n-000411a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000411b0: 3d0a 0a46 6972 6d77 6172 6520 6f75 7470 =..Firmware outp\n-000411c0: 7574 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2022 636f 6e73 ut console \"cons\n-000411d0: 6f6c 6522 206f 6e20 4152 4320 616e 6420 ole\" on ARC and \n-000411e0: 4945 4545 3132 3735 2061 7265 206c 696d IEEE1275 are lim\n-000411f0: 6974 6564 2074 6f0a 4153 4349 492e 0a0a ited to.ASCII...\n-00041200: 2020 2042 494f 5320 6669 726d 7761 7265 BIOS firmware\n-00041210: 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2061 6e64 2056 4741 console and VGA\n-00041220: 2074 6578 7420 6172 6520 6c69 6d69 7465 text are limite\n-00041230: 6420 746f 2041 5343 4949 2061 6e64 2073 d to ASCII and s\n-00041240: 6f6d 650a 7073 6575 646f 6772 6170 6869 ome.pseudographi\n-00041250: 6373 2e0a 0a20 2020 4e6f 6e65 206f 6620 cs... None of \n-00041260: 6162 6f76 6520 6d65 6e74 696f 6e65 6420 above mentioned \n-00041270: 6973 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2066 is appropriate f\n-00041280: 6f72 2064 6973 706c 6179 696e 6720 696e or displaying in\n-00041290: 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c0a 616e 6420 ternational.and \n-000412a0: 616e 7920 756e 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 any unsupported \n-000412b0: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 6973 2072 6570 character is rep\n-000412c0: 6c61 6365 6420 7769 7468 2071 7565 7374 laced with quest\n-000412d0: 696f 6e20 6d61 726b 2065 7863 6570 740a ion mark except.\n-000412e0: 7073 6575 646f 6772 6170 6869 6373 2077 pseudographics w\n-000412f0: 6869 6368 2077 6520 6174 7465 6d70 7420 hich we attempt \n-00041300: 746f 2061 7070 726f 7869 6d61 7465 2077 to approximate w\n-00041310: 6974 6820 4153 4349 492e 0a0a 2020 2045 ith ASCII... E\n-00041320: 4649 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 206f 6e20 7468 FI console on th\n-00041330: 6520 6f74 6865 7220 6861 6e64 206e 6f6d e other hand nom\n-00041340: 696e 616c 6c79 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 inally supports \n-00041350: 5554 462d 3136 2062 7574 2061 6374 7561 UTF-16 but actua\n-00041360: 6c0a 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 2063 6f76 6572 l.language cover\n-00041370: 6167 6520 6465 7065 6e64 7320 6f6e 2066 age depends on f\n-00041380: 6972 6d77 6172 6520 616e 6420 6d61 7920 irmware and may \n-00041390: 6265 2076 6572 7920 6c69 6d69 7465 642e be very limited.\n-000413a0: 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2065 6e63 6f64 696e .. The encodin\n-000413b0: 6720 7573 6564 206f 6e20 7365 7269 616c g used on serial\n-000413c0: 2063 616e 2062 6520 6368 6f73 656e 2077 can be chosen w\n-000413d0: 6974 6820 e280 9874 6572 6d69 6e66 6fe2 ith ...terminfo.\n-000413e0: 8099 2061 7320 6569 7468 6572 0a41 5343 .. as either.ASC\n-000413f0: 4949 2c20 5554 462d 3820 6f72 2022 7669 II, UTF-8 or \"vi\n-00041400: 7375 616c 2055 5446 2d38 222e 2020 4c61 sual UTF-8\". La\n-00041410: 7374 206f 6e65 2069 7320 6167 6169 6e73 st one is agains\n-00041420: 7420 7468 6520 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 t the specificat\n-00041430: 696f 6e0a 6275 7420 7265 7375 6c74 7320 ion.but results \n-00041440: 696e 2063 6f72 7265 6374 2072 656e 6465 in correct rende\n-00041450: 7269 6e67 206f 6620 7269 6768 742d 746f ring of right-to\n-00041460: 2d6c 6566 7420 6f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 7265 -left on some re\n-00041470: 6164 6572 7320 7768 6963 680a 646f 6e27 aders which.don'\n-00041480: 7420 6861 7665 206f 776e 2062 6964 6920 t have own bidi \n-00041490: 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2e0a implementation..\n-000414a0: 0a20 2020 4f6e 2065 6d75 2047 5255 4220 . On emu GRUB \n-000414b0: 6368 6563 6b73 2069 6620 6368 6172 7365 checks if charse\n-000414c0: 7420 6973 2055 5446 2d38 2061 6e64 2075 t is UTF-8 and u\n-000414d0: 7365 7320 6974 2069 6620 736f 2061 6e64 ses it if so and\n-000414e0: 2075 7365 730a 4153 4349 4920 6f74 6865 uses.ASCII othe\n-000414f0: 7277 6973 652e 0a0a 2020 2057 6865 6e20 rwise... When \n-00041500: 7573 696e 6720 6766 7874 6572 6d20 6f72 using gfxterm or\n-00041510: 2067 6678 6d65 6e75 2047 5255 4220 6974 gfxmenu GRUB it\n-00041520: 7365 6c66 2069 7320 7265 7370 6f6e 7369 self is responsi\n-00041530: 626c 6520 666f 720a 7265 6e64 6572 696e ble for.renderin\n-00041540: 6720 7468 6520 7465 7874 2e20 2049 6e20 g the text. In \n-00041550: 7468 6973 2063 6173 6520 4752 5542 2069 this case GRUB i\n-00041560: 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 206c 6f61 s limited by loa\n-00041570: 6465 6420 666f 6e74 732e 2020 4966 0a66 ded fonts. If.f\n-00041580: 6f6e 7473 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2061 6c6c onts contain all\n-00041590: 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 6368 6172 6163 required charac\n-000415a0: 7465 7273 2074 6865 6e20 6269 6469 7265 ters then bidire\n-000415b0: 6374 696f 6e61 6c20 7465 7874 2c20 6375 ctional text, cu\n-000415c0: 7273 6976 650a 7661 7269 616e 7473 2061 rsive.variants a\n-000415d0: 6e64 2063 6f6d 6269 6e69 6e67 206d 6172 nd combining mar\n-000415e0: 6b73 206f 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 656e ks other than en\n-000415f0: 636c 6f73 696e 672c 2068 616c 6620 2865 closing, half (e\n-00041600: 2e67 2e20 206c 6566 7420 6861 6c66 0a74 .g. left half.t\n-00041610: 696c 6465 206f 7220 636f 6d62 696e 696e ilde or combinin\n-00041620: 6720 6f76 6572 6c69 6e65 2920 616e 6420 g overline) and \n-00041630: 646f 7562 6c65 206f 6e65 732e 2020 4c69 double ones. Li\n-00041640: 6761 7475 7265 7320 6172 656e 2774 0a73 gatures aren't.s\n-00041650: 7570 706f 7274 6564 2074 686f 7567 682e upported though.\n-00041660: 2020 5468 6973 2073 686f 756c 6420 636f This should co\n-00041670: 7665 7220 4575 726f 7065 616e 2c20 4d69 ver European, Mi\n-00041680: 6464 6c65 2045 6173 7465 726e 2028 6966 ddle Eastern (if\n-00041690: 2079 6f75 0a64 6f6e 2774 206d 696e 6420 you.don't mind \n-000416a0: 6c61 636b 206f 6620 6c61 6d2d 616c 6966 lack of lam-alif\n-000416b0: 206c 6967 6174 7572 6520 696e 2041 7261 ligature in Ara\n-000416c0: 6269 6329 2061 6e64 2045 6173 7420 4173 bic) and East As\n-000416d0: 6961 6e20 7363 7269 7074 732e 0a4e 6f74 ian scripts..Not\n-000416e0: 6162 6c65 2075 6e73 7570 706f 7274 6564 able unsupported\n-000416f0: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 7265 2042 7261 scripts are Bra\n-00041700: 686d 6963 2066 616d 696c 7920 616e 6420 hmic family and \n-00041710: 6465 7269 7665 6420 6173 2077 656c 6c20 derived as well \n-00041720: 6173 0a4d 6f6e 676f 6c69 616e 2c20 5469 as.Mongolian, Ti\n-00041730: 6669 6e61 6768 2c20 4b6f 7265 616e 204a finagh, Korean J\n-00041740: 616d 6f20 2870 7265 636f 6d70 6f73 6564 amo (precomposed\n-00041750: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 6861 7665 characters have\n-00041760: 206e 6f0a 7072 6f62 6c65 6d29 2061 6e64 no.problem) and\n-00041770: 2074 6f6e 616c 2077 7269 7469 6e67 2028 tonal writing (\n-00041780: 3265 352d 3265 3929 2e20 2047 5255 4220 2e5-2e9). GRUB \n-00041790: 616c 736f 2069 676e 6f72 6573 2064 6570 also ignores dep\n-000417a0: 7265 6361 7465 6420 2861 730a 7370 6563 recated (as.spec\n-000417b0: 6966 6965 6420 696e 2055 6e69 636f 6465 ified in Unicode\n-000417c0: 2920 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2028 652e ) characters (e.\n-000417d0: 672e 2020 7461 6773 292e 2020 4752 5542 g. tags). GRUB\n-000417e0: 2061 6c73 6f20 646f 6573 6e27 7420 6861 also doesn't ha\n-000417f0: 6e64 6c65 0a73 6f20 6361 6c6c 6564 2022 ndle.so called \"\n-00041800: 616e 6e6f 7461 7469 6f6e 2063 6861 7261 annotation chara\n-00041810: 6374 6572 7322 2049 6620 796f 7520 6361 cters\" If you ca\n-00041820: 6e20 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 2065 6974 6865 n complete eithe\n-00041830: 7220 6f66 2074 776f 0a6c 6973 7473 206f r of two.lists o\n-00041840: 722c 2062 6574 7465 722c 2070 726f 706f r, better, propo\n-00041850: 7365 2061 2070 6174 6368 2074 6f20 696d se a patch to im\n-00041860: 7072 6f76 6520 7265 6e64 6572 696e 672c prove rendering,\n-00041870: 2070 6c65 6173 6520 636f 6e74 6163 740a please contact.\n-00041880: 6465 7665 6c6f 7065 7220 7465 616d 2e0a developer team..\n-00041890: 0a31 382e 3420 496e 7075 7420 7465 726d .18.4 Input term\n-000418a0: 696e 616c 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d inal.===========\n-000418b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4669 726d 7761 ========..Firmwa\n-000418c0: 7265 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 206f 6e20 4249 re console on BI\n-000418d0: 4f53 2c20 4945 4545 3132 3735 2061 6e64 OS, IEEE1275 and\n-000418e0: 2041 5243 2064 6f65 736e 2774 2061 6c6c ARC doesn't all\n-000418f0: 6f77 2079 6f75 2074 6f20 656e 7465 720a ow you to enter.\n-00041900: 6e6f 6e2d 4153 4349 4920 6368 6172 6163 non-ASCII charac\n-00041910: 7465 7273 2e20 2045 4649 2073 7065 6369 ters. EFI speci\n-00041920: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 fication allows \n-00041930: 666f 7220 7375 6368 2062 7574 2061 7574 for such but aut\n-00041940: 686f 7220 6973 0a75 6e61 7761 7265 206f hor is.unaware o\n-00041950: 6620 616e 7920 6163 7475 616c 2069 6d70 f any actual imp\n-00041960: 6c65 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e73 2e20 2053 lementations. S\n-00041970: 6572 6961 6c20 696e 7075 7420 6973 2063 erial input is c\n-00041980: 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 0a6c 696d 6974 6564 urrently.limited\n-00041990: 2066 6f72 206c 6174 696e 3120 2875 6e6c for latin1 (unl\n-000419a0: 696b 656c 7920 746f 2063 6861 6e67 6529 ikely to change)\n-000419b0: 2e20 204f 776e 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 . Own keyboard \n-000419c0: 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 730a implementations.\n-000419d0: 2861 745f 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2061 6e64 (at_keyboard and\n-000419e0: 2075 7362 5f6b 6579 626f 6172 6429 2073 usb_keyboard) s\n-000419f0: 7570 706f 7274 7320 616e 7920 6b65 7920 upports any key \n-00041a00: 6275 7420 776f 726b 206f 6e0a 6f6e 652d but work on.one-\n-00041a10: 6368 6172 2d70 6572 2d6b 6579 7374 726f char-per-keystro\n-00041a20: 6b65 2e20 2053 6f20 6e6f 2064 6561 6420 ke. So no dead \n-00041a30: 6b65 7973 206f 7220 6164 7661 6e63 6564 keys or advanced\n-00041a40: 2069 6e70 7574 206d 6574 686f 642e 2020 input method. \n-00041a50: 416c 736f 0a74 6865 7265 2069 7320 6e6f Also.there is no\n-00041a60: 206b 6579 6d61 7020 6368 616e 6765 2068 keymap change h\n-00041a70: 6f74 6b65 792e 2020 496e 2070 7261 6374 otkey. In pract\n-00041a80: 6963 6520 6974 206d 616b 6573 2064 6966 ice it makes dif\n-00041a90: 6669 6375 6c74 2074 6f0a 656e 7465 7220 ficult to.enter \n-00041aa0: 616e 7920 7465 7874 2075 7369 6e67 206e any text using n\n-00041ab0: 6f6e 2d4c 6174 696e 2061 6c70 6861 6265 on-Latin alphabe\n-00041ac0: 742e 2020 4d6f 7265 6f76 6572 2061 6c6c t. Moreover all\n-00041ad0: 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2069 6e70 7574 0a63 current input.c\n-00041ae0: 6f6e 7375 6d65 7273 2061 7265 206c 696d onsumers are lim\n-00041af0: 6974 6564 2074 6f20 4153 4349 492e 0a0a ited to ASCII...\n-00041b00: 3138 2e35 2047 6574 7465 7874 0a3d 3d3d 18.5 Gettext.===\n-00041b10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 =========..GRUB \n-00041b20: 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2062 6569 6e67 2074 supports being t\n-00041b30: 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 642e 2020 466f 7220 ranslated. For \n-00041b40: 7468 6973 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f this you need to\n-00041b50: 2068 6176 6520 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 202a have language *\n-00041b60: 2e6d 6f0a 6669 6c65 7320 696e 2024 7072 .mo.files in $pr\n-00041b70: 6566 6978 2f6c 6f63 616c 652c 206c 6f61 efix/locale, loa\n-00041b80: 6420 6765 7474 6578 7420 6d6f 6475 6c65 d gettext module\n-00041b90: 2061 6e64 2073 6574 2022 6c61 6e67 2220 and set \"lang\" \n-00041ba0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2e0a 0a31 382e 3620 variable...18.6 \n-00041bb0: 5265 6765 7870 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d Regexp.=========\n-00041bc0: 3d3d 0a0a 5265 6765 7870 7320 776f 726b ==..Regexps work\n-00041bd0: 206f 6e20 756e 6963 6f64 6520 6368 6172 on unicode char\n-00041be0: 6163 7465 7273 2c20 686f 7765 7665 7220 acters, however \n-00041bf0: 6e6f 2061 7474 656d 7074 2061 7420 6368 no attempt at ch\n-00041c00: 6563 6b69 6e67 0a63 616e 6e6f 6e69 6361 ecking.cannonica\n-00041c10: 6c20 6571 7569 7661 6c65 6e63 6520 6861 l equivalence ha\n-00041c20: 7320 6265 656e 206d 6164 652e 2020 4d6f s been made. Mo\n-00041c30: 7265 6f76 6572 2074 6865 2063 6c61 7373 reover the class\n-00041c40: 6573 206c 696b 650a 5b3a 616c 7068 613a es like.[:alpha:\n-00041c50: 5d20 6d61 7463 6820 6f6e 6c79 2041 5343 ] match only ASC\n-00041c60: 4949 2073 7562 7365 742e 0a0a 3138 2e37 II subset...18.7\n-00041c70: 204f 7468 6572 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d Other.=========\n-00041c80: 3d0a 0a43 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2047 5255 =..Currently GRU\n-00041c90: 4220 616c 7761 7973 2075 7365 7320 5945 B always uses YE\n-00041ca0: 4152 2d4d 4f4e 5448 2d44 4159 2048 4f55 AR-MONTH-DAY HOU\n-00041cb0: 523a 4d49 4e55 5445 3a53 4543 4f4e 4420 R:MINUTE:SECOND \n-00041cc0: 5b57 4545 4b44 4159 5d0a 3234 2d68 6f75 [WEEKDAY].24-hou\n-00041cd0: 7220 6461 7465 7469 6d65 2066 6f72 6d61 r datetime forma\n-00041ce0: 7420 6275 7420 7765 656b 6461 7973 2061 t but weekdays a\n-00041cf0: 7265 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 642e 2020 re translated. \n-00041d00: 4752 5542 2061 6c77 6179 7320 7573 6573 GRUB always uses\n-00041d10: 0a74 6865 2064 6563 696d 616c 206e 756d .the decimal num\n-00041d20: 6265 7220 666f 726d 6174 2077 6974 6820 ber format with \n-00041d30: 5b30 2d39 5d20 6173 2064 6967 6974 7320 [0-9] as digits \n-00041d40: 616e 6420 2e20 2061 7320 6465 7363 696d and . as descim\n-00041d50: 616c 0a73 6570 6172 6174 6f72 2061 6e64 al.separator and\n-00041d60: 206e 6f20 6772 6f75 7020 7365 7061 7261 no group separa\n-00041d70: 746f 722e 2020 4945 4545 3132 3735 2061 tor. IEEE1275 a\n-00041d80: 6c69 6173 6573 2061 7265 206d 6174 6368 liases are match\n-00041d90: 6564 0a63 6173 652d 696e 7365 6e73 6974 ed.case-insensit\n-00041da0: 6976 656c 7920 6578 6365 7074 206e 6f6e ively except non\n-00041db0: 2d41 5343 4949 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 -ASCII which is \n-00041dc0: 6d61 7463 6865 6420 6173 2062 696e 6172 matched as binar\n-00041dd0: 792e 2020 5369 6d69 6c61 720a 6265 6861 y. Similar.beha\n-00041de0: 7669 6f75 7220 6973 2066 6f72 206d 6174 viour is for mat\n-00041df0: 6368 696e 6720 4f53 4275 6e64 6c65 5265 ching OSBundleRe\n-00041e00: 7175 6972 6564 2e20 2053 696e 6365 2049 quired. Since I\n-00041e10: 4545 4531 3237 3520 616c 6961 7365 7320 EEE1275 aliases \n-00041e20: 616e 640a 4f53 4275 6e64 6c65 5265 7175 and.OSBundleRequ\n-00041e30: 6972 6564 2064 6f6e 2774 2063 6f6e 7461 ired don't conta\n-00041e40: 696e 2061 6e79 206e 6f6e 2d41 5343 4949 in any non-ASCII\n-00041e50: 2069 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6576 6572 it should never\n-00041e60: 2062 6520 610a 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 696e be a.problem in\n-00041e70: 2070 7261 6374 6963 652e 2020 4361 7365 practice. Case\n-00041e80: 2d73 656e 7369 7469 7665 2069 6465 6e74 -sensitive ident\n-00041e90: 6966 6965 7273 2061 7265 206d 6174 6368 ifiers are match\n-00041ea0: 6564 2061 7320 7261 770a 7374 7269 6e67 ed as raw.string\n-00041eb0: 732c 206e 6f20 6361 6e6f 6e69 6361 6c20 s, no canonical \n-00041ec0: 6571 7569 7661 6c65 6e63 6520 6368 6563 equivalence chec\n-00041ed0: 6b20 6973 2070 6572 666f 726d 6564 2e20 k is performed. \n-00041ee0: 2043 6173 652d 696e 7365 6e73 7469 7665 Case-insenstive\n-00041ef0: 0a69 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7273 2061 7265 .identifiers are\n-00041f00: 206d 6174 6368 6564 2061 7320 5241 5720 matched as RAW \n-00041f10: 6275 7420 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 but additionally\n-00041f20: 205b 612d 7a5d 2069 7320 6571 7569 7661 [a-z] is equiva\n-00041f30: 6c65 6e74 2074 6f0a 5b41 2d5a 5d2e 2047 lent to.[A-Z]. G\n-00041f40: 5255 422d 6465 6669 6e65 6420 6964 656e RUB-defined iden\n-00041f50: 7469 6669 6572 7320 7573 6520 6f6e 6c79 tifiers use only\n-00041f60: 2041 5343 4949 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 7368 ASCII and so sh\n-00041f70: 6f75 6c64 0a75 7365 722d 6465 6669 6e65 ould.user-define\n-00041f80: 6420 6f6e 6573 2e20 2049 6465 6e74 6966 d ones. Identif\n-00041f90: 6965 7273 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 iers containing \n-00041fa0: 6e6f 6e2d 4153 4349 4920 6d61 7920 776f non-ASCII may wo\n-00041fb0: 726b 2062 7574 2061 7265 6e27 740a 7375 rk but aren't.su\n-00041fc0: 7070 6f72 7465 642e 2020 4f6e 6c79 2074 pported. Only t\n-00041fd0: 6865 2041 5343 4949 2073 7061 6365 2063 he ASCII space c\n-00041fe0: 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 2873 7061 6365 haracters (space\n-00041ff0: 2055 2b30 3032 302c 2074 6162 2055 2b30 U+0020, tab U+0\n-00042000: 3030 622c 0a43 5220 552b 3030 3064 2061 00b,.CR U+000d a\n-00042010: 6e64 204c 4620 552b 3030 3061 2920 6172 nd LF U+000a) ar\n-00042020: 6520 7265 636f 676e 6973 6564 2e20 204f e recognised. O\n-00042030: 7468 6572 2075 6e69 636f 6465 2073 7061 ther unicode spa\n-00042040: 6365 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 730a 6172 ce characters.ar\n-00042050: 656e 2774 2061 2076 616c 6964 2066 6965 en't a valid fie\n-00042060: 6c64 2073 6570 6172 6174 6f72 2e20 20e2 ld separator. .\n-00042070: 8098 7465 7374 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 ..test... (*note\n-00042080: 2074 6573 743a 3a29 2074 6573 7473 203c test::) tests <\n-00042090: 2c20 3e2c 203c 3d2c 0a3e 3d2c 202d 7067 , >, <=,.>=, -pg\n-000420a0: 7420 616e 6420 2d70 6c74 2063 6f6d 7061 t and -plt compa\n-000420b0: 7265 2074 6865 2073 7472 696e 6773 2069 re the strings i\n-000420c0: 6e20 7468 6520 6c65 7869 636f 6772 6170 n the lexicograp\n-000420d0: 6869 6361 6c20 6f72 6465 7220 6f66 0a75 hical order of.u\n-000420e0: 6e69 636f 6465 2063 6f64 6570 6f69 6e74 nicode codepoint\n-000420f0: 732c 2072 6570 6c69 6361 7469 6e67 2074 s, replicating t\n-00042100: 6865 2062 6568 6176 696f 7572 206f 6620 he behaviour of \n-00042110: 7465 7374 2066 726f 6d20 636f 7265 7574 test from coreut\n-00042120: 696c 732e 0a65 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 ils..environment\n-00042130: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2061 6e64 2063 variables and c\n-00042140: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6172 6520 6c69 7374 ommands are list\n-00042150: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 206f ed in the same o\n-00042160: 7264 6572 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 rder.....File: g\n-00042170: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-00042180: 2053 6563 7572 6974 792c 2020 4e65 7874 Security, Next\n-00042190: 3a20 506c 6174 666f 726d 206c 696d 6974 : Platform limit\n-000421a0: 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 ations, Prev: I\n-000421b0: 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 nternationalisat\n-000421c0: 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 ion, Up: Top..1\n-000421d0: 3920 5365 6375 7269 7479 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 9 Security.*****\n-000421e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a ******..* Menu:.\n-000421f0: 0a2a 2041 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f .* Authenticatio\n-00042200: 6e20 616e 6420 6175 7468 6f72 6973 6174 n and authorisat\n-00042210: 696f 6e3a 3a20 5573 6572 7320 616e 6420 ion:: Users and \n-00042220: 6163 6365 7373 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 0a2a access control.*\n-00042230: 2055 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 Using digital s\n-00042240: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a20 2020 2020 ignatures:: \n-00042250: 2020 2020 426f 6f74 696e 6720 6469 6769 Booting digi\n-00042260: 7461 6c6c 7920 7369 676e 6564 2063 6f64 tally signed cod\n-00042270: 650a 2a20 5545 4649 2073 6563 7572 6520 e.* UEFI secure \n-00042280: 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 2073 6869 6d3a 3a20 boot and shim:: \n-00042290: 2020 2020 2020 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 2064 Booting d\n-000422a0: 6967 6974 616c 6c79 2073 6967 6e65 6420 igitally signed \n-000422b0: 5045 2066 696c 6573 0a2a 2053 6563 7572 PE files.* Secur\n-000422c0: 6520 426f 6f74 2041 6476 616e 6365 6420 e Boot Advanced \n-000422d0: 5461 7267 6574 696e 673a 3a20 2020 456d Targeting:: Em\n-000422e0: 6265 6464 6564 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 bedded informati\n-000422f0: 6f6e 2066 6f72 2067 656e 6572 6174 696f on for generatio\n-00042300: 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 2062 6173 6564 2072 n number based r\n-00042310: 6576 6f63 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 4d65 6173 evocation.* Meas\n-00042320: 7572 6564 2042 6f6f 743a 3a20 2020 2020 ured Boot:: \n-00042330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204d M\n-00042340: 6561 7375 7269 6e67 2062 6f6f 7420 636f easuring boot co\n-00042350: 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 0a2a 204c 6f63 6b64 mponents.* Lockd\n-00042360: 6f77 6e3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 own:: \n-00042370: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4c6f Lo\n-00042380: 636b 646f 776e 2077 6865 6e20 626f 6f74 ckdown when boot\n-00042390: 696e 6720 6f6e 2061 2073 6563 7572 6520 ing on a secure \n-000423a0: 7365 7475 700a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 setup....File: g\n-000423b0: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n-000423c0: 2041 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f 6e20 Authentication \n-000423d0: 616e 6420 6175 7468 6f72 6973 6174 696f and authorisatio\n-000423e0: 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5573 696e 6720 n, Next: Using \n-000423f0: 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 digital signatur\n-00042400: 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6563 7572 6974 es, Up: Securit\n-00042410: 790a 0a31 392e 3120 4175 7468 656e 7469 y..19.1 Authenti\n-00042420: 6361 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 2061 7574 686f cation and autho\n-00042430: 7269 7361 7469 6f6e 2069 6e20 4752 5542 risation in GRUB\n-00042440: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+0003f100: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 556e 666f 7274 ========..Unfort\n+0003f110: 756e 6174 656c 792c 206e 6f74 2061 6c6c unately, not all\n+0003f120: 2047 5255 4220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 GRUB commands a\n+0003f130: 7265 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7465 6420 6174 re documented at\n+0003f140: 2074 6869 7320 7469 6d65 2064 7565 2074 this time due t\n+0003f150: 6f0a 6465 7665 6c6f 7065 7220 7265 736f o.developer reso\n+0003f160: 7572 6365 2063 6f6e 7374 7261 696e 7473 urce constraints\n+0003f170: 2e20 204f 6e65 2077 6179 2074 6f20 636f . One way to co\n+0003f180: 6e74 7269 6275 7465 2062 6163 6b20 746f ntribute back to\n+0003f190: 2074 6865 2047 5255 420a 7072 6f6a 6563 the GRUB.projec\n+0003f1a0: 7420 776f 756c 6420 6265 2074 6f20 6865 t would be to he\n+0003f1b0: 6c70 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 7468 6573 lp document thes\n+0003f1c0: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 616e 6420 e commands, and \n+0003f1d0: 7375 626d 6974 2070 6174 6368 6573 206f submit patches o\n+0003f1e0: 720a 6964 6561 7320 746f 2074 6865 206d r.ideas to the m\n+0003f1f0: 6169 6c69 6e67 206c 6973 742e 2020 5468 ailing list. Th\n+0003f200: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6973 2061 e following is a\n+0003f210: 2028 6d6f 7374 206c 696b 656c 7920 696e (most likely in\n+0003f220: 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 290a 6c69 7374 206f complete).list o\n+0003f230: 6620 756e 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 206f f undocumented o\n+0003f240: 7220 706f 6f72 6c79 2064 6f63 756d 656e r poorly documen\n+0003f250: 7465 6420 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2061 6e64 ted commands and\n+0003f260: 206e 6f74 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 656d not all of them\n+0003f270: 0a61 7265 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2066 6f72 .are allowed for\n+0003f280: 2061 6c6c 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2e20 all platforms. \n+0003f290: 2052 756e 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6d Running the com\n+0003f2a0: 6d61 6e64 2068 656c 7020 6672 6f6d 2077 mand help from w\n+0003f2b0: 6974 6869 6e20 7468 650a 4752 5542 2073 ithin the.GRUB s\n+0003f2c0: 6865 6c6c 206d 6179 2070 726f 7669 6465 hell may provide\n+0003f2d0: 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f more informatio\n+0003f2e0: 6e20 6f6e 2070 6172 616d 6574 6572 7320 n on parameters \n+0003f2f0: 616e 6420 7573 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 20e2 and usage... .\n+0003f300: 80a2 20e2 8098 616c 6c5f 6675 6e63 7469 .. ...all_functi\n+0003f310: 6f6e 616c 5f74 6573 74e2 8099 202d 2052 onal_test... - R\n+0003f320: 756e 2061 6c6c 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e61 un all functiona\n+0003f330: 6c20 7465 7374 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 l tests.. ... \n+0003f340: e280 9862 6163 6b74 7261 6365 e280 9920 ...backtrace... \n+0003f350: 2d20 5072 696e 7420 6261 636b 7472 6163 - Print backtrac\n+0003f360: 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9862 6f6f e.. ... ...boo\n+0003f370: 7474 696d 65e2 8099 202d 2053 686f 7720 ttime... - Show \n+0003f380: 626f 6f74 2074 696d 6520 7374 6174 6973 boot time statis\n+0003f390: 7469 6373 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 tics.. ... ...\n+0003f3a0: 6361 6368 6569 6e66 6fe2 8099 202d 2047 cacheinfo... - G\n+0003f3b0: 6574 2064 6973 6b20 6361 6368 6520 696e et disk cache in\n+0003f3c0: 666f 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6362 fo.. ... ...cb\n+0003f3d0: 6d65 6d63 e280 9920 2d20 5368 6f77 2043 memc... - Show C\n+0003f3e0: 424d 454d 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2063 6f6e BMEM console con\n+0003f3f0: 7465 6e74 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 tent.. ... ...\n+0003f400: 636d 6f73 7365 74e2 8099 202d 2053 6574 cmosset... - Set\n+0003f410: 2062 6974 2061 7420 4259 5445 3a42 4954 bit at BYTE:BIT\n+0003f420: 2069 6e20 434d 4f53 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 in CMOS.. ...\n+0003f430: 20e2 8098 636f 7265 626f 6f74 5f62 6f6f ...coreboot_boo\n+0003f440: 7474 696d 65e2 8099 202d 2053 686f 7720 ttime... - Show \n+0003f450: 636f 7265 626f 6f74 2062 6f6f 7420 7469 coreboot boot ti\n+0003f460: 6d65 2073 7461 7469 7374 6963 732e 0a20 me statistics.. \n+0003f470: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9864 756d 70e2 8099 ... ...dump...\n+0003f480: 202d 2053 686f 7720 6d65 6d6f 7279 2063 - Show memory c\n+0003f490: 6f6e 7465 6e74 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 ontents.. ... \n+0003f4a0: e280 9865 6669 656d 755f 6c6f 6164 636f ...efiemu_loadco\n+0003f4b0: 7265 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 6e64 re... - Load and\n+0003f4c0: 2069 6e69 7469 616c 697a 6520 4546 4920 initialize EFI \n+0003f4d0: 656d 756c 6174 6f72 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 emulator.. ...\n+0003f4e0: 20e2 8098 6566 6965 6d75 5f70 7265 7061 ...efiemu_prepa\n+0003f4f0: 7265 e280 9920 2d20 4669 6e61 6c69 7a65 re... - Finalize\n+0003f500: 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 206f 6620 4546 4920 loading of EFI \n+0003f510: 656d 756c 6174 6f72 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 emulator.. ...\n+0003f520: 20e2 8098 6566 6965 6d75 5f75 6e6c 6f61 ...efiemu_unloa\n+0003f530: 64e2 8099 202d 2055 6e6c 6f61 6420 4546 d... - Unload EF\n+0003f540: 4920 656d 756c 6174 6f72 2e0a 2020 20e2 I emulator.. .\n+0003f550: 80a2 20e2 8098 6578 6974 e280 9920 2d20 .. ...exit... - \n+0003f560: 4578 6974 2066 726f 6d20 4752 5542 2e0a Exit from GRUB..\n+0003f570: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6578 7472 6163 ... ...extrac\n+0003f580: 745f 656e 7472 6965 735f 636f 6e66 6967 t_entries_config\n+0003f590: 6669 6c65 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 file... - Load a\n+0003f5a0: 6e6f 7468 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 6669 nother config fi\n+0003f5b0: 6c65 2062 7574 2074 616b 650a 2020 2020 le but take. \n+0003f5c0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 only menu entri\n+0003f5d0: 6573 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6578 es.. ... ...ex\n+0003f5e0: 7472 6163 745f 656e 7472 6965 735f 736f tract_entries_so\n+0003f5f0: 7572 6365 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 2061 urce... - Load a\n+0003f600: 6e6f 7468 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 6669 nother config fi\n+0003f610: 6c65 2077 6974 686f 7574 0a20 2020 2020 le without. \n+0003f620: 6368 616e 6769 6e67 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 changing context\n+0003f630: 2062 7574 2074 616b 6520 6f6e 6c79 206d but take only m\n+0003f640: 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 732e 0a20 2020 enu entries.. \n+0003f650: e280 a220 e280 9865 7874 7261 6374 5f6c ... ...extract_l\n+0003f660: 6567 6163 795f 656e 7472 6965 735f 636f egacy_entries_co\n+0003f670: 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 e280 9920 2d20 5061 nfigfile... - Pa\n+0003f680: 7273 6520 6c65 6761 6379 2063 6f6e 6669 rse legacy confi\n+0003f690: 6720 696e 206e 6577 0a20 2020 2020 636f g in new. co\n+0003f6a0: 6e74 6578 7420 7461 6b69 6e67 206f 6e6c ntext taking onl\n+0003f6b0: 7920 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 0a20 y menu entries. \n+0003f6c0: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9865 7874 7261 6374 ... ...extract\n+0003f6d0: 5f6c 6567 6163 795f 656e 7472 6965 735f _legacy_entries_\n+0003f6e0: 736f 7572 6365 e280 9920 2d20 5061 7273 source... - Pars\n+0003f6f0: 6520 6c65 6761 6379 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 e legacy config \n+0003f700: 696e 2073 616d 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e in same. con\n+0003f710: 7465 7874 2074 616b 696e 6720 6f6e 6c79 text taking only\n+0003f720: 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 730a 2020 menu entries. \n+0003f730: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6578 7472 6163 745f ... ...extract_\n+0003f740: 7379 736c 696e 7578 5f65 6e74 7269 6573 syslinux_entries\n+0003f750: 5f63 6f6e 6669 6766 696c 65e2 8099 202d _configfile... -\n+0003f760: 2045 7865 6375 7465 2073 7973 6c69 6e75 Execute syslinu\n+0003f770: 7820 636f 6e66 6967 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 x config in. \n+0003f780: 206e 6577 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 2074 616b new context tak\n+0003f790: 696e 6720 6f6e 6c79 206d 656e 7520 656e ing only menu en\n+0003f7a0: 7472 6965 730a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 tries. ... ...\n+0003f7b0: 6578 7472 6163 745f 7379 736c 696e 7578 extract_syslinux\n+0003f7c0: 5f65 6e74 7269 6573 5f73 6f75 7263 65e2 _entries_source.\n+0003f7d0: 8099 202d 2045 7865 6375 7465 2073 7973 .. - Execute sys\n+0003f7e0: 6c69 6e75 7820 636f 6e66 6967 2069 6e20 linux config in \n+0003f7f0: 7361 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 6578 same. contex\n+0003f800: 7420 7461 6b69 6e67 206f 6e6c 7920 6d65 t taking only me\n+0003f810: 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 0a20 2020 e280 nu entries. ..\n+0003f820: a220 e280 9866 616b 6562 696f 73e2 8099 . ...fakebios...\n+0003f830: 202d 2043 7265 6174 6520 4249 4f53 2d6c - Create BIOS-l\n+0003f840: 696b 6520 7374 7275 6374 7572 6573 2066 ike structures f\n+0003f850: 6f72 2062 6163 6b77 6172 6420 636f 6d70 or backward comp\n+0003f860: 6174 6962 696c 6974 790a 2020 2020 2077 atibility. w\n+0003f870: 6974 6820 6578 6973 7469 6e67 204f 532e ith existing OS.\n+0003f880: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9866 696c 65e2 . ... ...file.\n+0003f890: 8099 202d 2043 6865 636b 2069 6620 4649 .. - Check if FI\n+0003f8a0: 4c45 2069 7320 6f66 2073 7065 6369 6669 LE is of specifi\n+0003f8b0: 6564 2074 7970 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 ed type.. ... \n+0003f8c0: e280 9866 6978 5f76 6964 656f e280 9920 ...fix_video... \n+0003f8d0: 2d20 4669 7820 7669 6465 6f20 7072 6f62 - Fix video prob\n+0003f8e0: 6c65 6d2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9866 lem.. ... ...f\n+0003f8f0: 7073 7761 e280 9920 2d20 4469 7370 6c61 pswa... - Displa\n+0003f900: 7920 4650 5357 4120 7665 7273 696f 6e2e y FPSWA version.\n+0003f910: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9866 756e 6374 . ... ...funct\n+0003f920: 696f 6e61 6c5f 7465 7374 e280 9920 2d20 ional_test... - \n+0003f930: 5275 6e20 616c 6c20 6c6f 6164 6564 2066 Run all loaded f\n+0003f940: 756e 6374 696f 6e61 6c20 7465 7374 732e unctional tests.\n+0003f950: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9867 6462 7374 . ... ...gdbst\n+0003f960: 7562 5f62 7265 616b e280 9920 2d20 4272 ub_break... - Br\n+0003f970: 6561 6b20 696e 746f 2047 4442 0a20 2020 eak into GDB. \n+0003f980: e280 a220 e280 9867 6462 7374 7562 e280 ... ...gdbstub..\n+0003f990: 9920 2d20 5374 6172 7420 4744 4220 7374 . - Start GDB st\n+0003f9a0: 7562 206f 6e20 6769 7665 6e20 706f 7274 ub on given port\n+0003f9b0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9867 6462 7374 . ... ...gdbst\n+0003f9c0: 7562 5f73 746f 70e2 8099 202d 2053 746f ub_stop... - Sto\n+0003f9d0: 7020 4744 4220 7374 7562 0a20 2020 e280 p GDB stub. ..\n+0003f9e0: a220 e280 9868 6470 6172 6de2 8099 202d . ...hdparm... -\n+0003f9f0: 2047 6574 2f73 6574 2041 5441 2064 6973 Get/set ATA dis\n+0003fa00: 6b20 7061 7261 6d65 7465 7273 2e0a 2020 k parameters.. \n+0003fa10: 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6865 7864 756d 705f ... ...hexdump_\n+0003fa20: 7261 6e64 6f6d e280 9920 2d20 4865 7864 random... - Hexd\n+0003fa30: 756d 7020 7261 6e64 6f6d 2064 6174 612e ump random data.\n+0003fa40: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9869 6e62 e280 . ... ...inb..\n+0003fa50: 9920 2d20 5265 6164 2038 2d62 6974 2076 . - Read 8-bit v\n+0003fa60: 616c 7565 2066 726f 6d20 504f 5254 2e0a alue from PORT..\n+0003fa70: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 696e 6ce2 8099 ... ...inl...\n+0003fa80: 202d 2052 6561 6420 3332 2d62 6974 2076 - Read 32-bit v\n+0003fa90: 616c 7565 2066 726f 6d20 504f 5254 2e0a alue from PORT..\n+0003faa0: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 696e 77e2 8099 ... ...inw...\n+0003fab0: 202d 2052 6561 6420 3136 2d62 6974 2076 - Read 16-bit v\n+0003fac0: 616c 7565 2066 726f 6d20 504f 5254 2e0a alue from PORT..\n+0003fad0: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6a70 6567 7465 ... ...jpegte\n+0003fae0: 7374 e280 9920 2d20 5465 7374 7320 6c6f st... - Tests lo\n+0003faf0: 6164 696e 6720 6f66 204a 5045 4720 6269 ading of JPEG bi\n+0003fb00: 746d 6170 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 tmap.. ... ...\n+0003fb10: 6b65 796d 6170 e280 9920 2d20 4c6f 6164 keymap... - Load\n+0003fb20: 2061 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 6c61 796f a keyboard layo\n+0003fb30: 7574 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c65 ut.. ... ...le\n+0003fb40: 6761 6379 5f63 6865 636b 5f70 6173 7377 gacy_check_passw\n+0003fb50: 6f72 64e2 8099 202d 2053 696d 756c 6174 ord... - Simulat\n+0003fb60: 6520 6772 7562 2d6c 6567 6163 7920 2770 e grub-legacy 'p\n+0003fb70: 6173 7377 6f72 6427 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 assword' command\n+0003fb80: 0a20 2020 2020 696e 206d 656e 7520 656e . in menu en\n+0003fb90: 7472 7920 6d6f 6465 0a20 2020 e280 a220 try mode. ... \n+0003fba0: e280 986c 6567 6163 795f 636f 6e66 6967 ...legacy_config\n+0003fbb0: 6669 6c65 e280 9920 2d20 5061 7273 6520 file... - Parse \n+0003fbc0: 6c65 6761 6379 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 696e legacy config in\n+0003fbd0: 206e 6577 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 0a20 2020 new context. \n+0003fbe0: e280 a220 e280 986c 6567 6163 795f 7061 ... ...legacy_pa\n+0003fbf0: 7373 776f 7264 e280 9920 2d20 5369 6d75 ssword... - Simu\n+0003fc00: 6c61 7465 2067 7275 622d 6c65 6761 6379 late grub-legacy\n+0003fc10: 2027 7061 7373 776f 7264 2720 636f 6d6d 'password' comm\n+0003fc20: 616e 640a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c65 and. ... ...le\n+0003fc30: 6761 6379 5f73 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 202d gacy_source... -\n+0003fc40: 2050 6172 7365 206c 6567 6163 7920 636f Parse legacy co\n+0003fc50: 6e66 6967 2069 6e20 7361 6d65 2063 6f6e nfig in same con\n+0003fc60: 7465 7874 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c text. ... ...l\n+0003fc70: 6f61 6462 696f 73e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 oadbios... - Loa\n+0003fc80: 6420 4249 4f53 2064 756d 702e 0a20 2020 d BIOS dump.. \n+0003fc90: e280 a220 e280 986c 7361 6370 69e2 8099 ... ...lsacpi...\n+0003fca0: 202d 2053 686f 7720 4143 5049 2069 6e66 - Show ACPI inf\n+0003fcb0: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 ormation.. ...\n+0003fcc0: 20e2 8098 6c73 6170 6de2 8099 202d 2053 ...lsapm... - S\n+0003fcd0: 686f 7720 4150 4d20 696e 666f 726d 6174 how APM informat\n+0003fce0: 696f 6e2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c ion.. ... ...l\n+0003fcf0: 7363 6f72 6562 6f6f 74e2 8099 202d 204c scoreboot... - L\n+0003fd00: 6973 7420 636f 7265 626f 6f74 2074 6162 ist coreboot tab\n+0003fd10: 6c65 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c les.. ... ...l\n+0003fd20: 7364 6576 e280 9920 2d20 4c69 7374 2064 sdev... - List d\n+0003fd30: 6576 6963 6573 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 evices.. ... .\n+0003fd40: 8098 6c73 6566 69e2 8099 202d 2044 6973 ..lsefi... - Dis\n+0003fd50: 706c 6179 2045 4649 2068 616e 646c 6573 play EFI handles\n+0003fd60: 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 6c73 6566 .. ... ...lsef\n+0003fd70: 696d 6d61 70e2 8099 202d 2044 6973 706c immap... - Displ\n+0003fd80: 6179 2045 4649 206d 656d 6f72 7920 6d61 ay EFI memory ma\n+0003fd90: 702e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c 7365 p.. ... ...lse\n+0003fda0: 6669 7379 7374 6162 e280 9920 2d20 4469 fisystab... - Di\n+0003fdb0: 7370 6c61 7920 4546 4920 7379 7374 656d splay EFI system\n+0003fdc0: 2074 6162 6c65 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 tables.. ... \n+0003fdd0: e280 986c 736d 6d61 70e2 8099 202d 204c ...lsmmap... - L\n+0003fde0: 6973 7420 6d65 6d6f 7279 206d 6170 2070 ist memory map p\n+0003fdf0: 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 2066 6972 6d77 rovided by firmw\n+0003fe00: 6172 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986c are.. ... ...l\n+0003fe10: 7370 6369 e280 9920 2d20 4c69 7374 2050 spci... - List P\n+0003fe20: 4349 2064 6576 6963 6573 2e0a 2020 20e2 CI devices.. .\n+0003fe30: 80a2 20e2 8098 6c73 7361 6ce2 8099 202d .. ...lssal... -\n+0003fe40: 2044 6973 706c 6179 2053 414c 2073 7973 Display SAL sys\n+0003fe50: 7465 6d20 7461 626c 652e 0a20 2020 e280 tem table.. ..\n+0003fe60: a220 e280 986c 7373 7064 e280 9920 2d20 . ...lsspd... - \n+0003fe70: 5072 696e 7420 4d65 6d6f 7279 2069 6e66 Print Memory inf\n+0003fe80: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 ormation.. ...\n+0003fe90: 20e2 8098 6d61 6370 7063 626c 6573 73e2 ...macppcbless.\n+0003fea0: 8099 202d 2042 6c65 7373 2044 4952 206f .. - Bless DIR o\n+0003feb0: 6620 4846 5320 6f72 2048 4653 2b20 7061 f HFS or HFS+ pa\n+0003fec0: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 666f 7220 5050 4320 rtition for PPC \n+0003fed0: 6d61 6373 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 macs.. ... ...\n+0003fee0: 6d61 6374 656c 626c 6573 73e2 8099 202d mactelbless... -\n+0003fef0: 2042 6c65 7373 2046 494c 4520 6f66 2048 Bless FILE of H\n+0003ff00: 4653 206f 7220 4846 532b 2070 6172 7469 FS or HFS+ parti\n+0003ff10: 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2069 6e74 656c 206d tion for intel m\n+0003ff20: 6163 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 986e acs.. ... ...n\n+0003ff30: 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 6ee2 8099 202d et_set_vlan... -\n+0003ff40: 2053 6574 2061 6e20 696e 7465 7266 6163 Set an interfac\n+0003ff50: 6527 7320 766c 616e 2069 642e 0a20 2020 e's vlan id.. \n+0003ff60: e280 a220 e280 986f 7574 62e2 8099 202d ... ...outb... -\n+0003ff70: 2057 7269 7465 2038 2d62 6974 2056 414c Write 8-bit VAL\n+0003ff80: 5545 2074 6f20 504f 5254 2e0a 2020 20e2 UE to PORT.. .\n+0003ff90: 80a2 20e2 8098 6f75 746c e280 9920 2d20 .. ...outl... - \n+0003ffa0: 5772 6974 6520 3332 2d62 6974 2056 414c Write 32-bit VAL\n+0003ffb0: 5545 2074 6f20 504f 5254 2e0a 2020 20e2 UE to PORT.. .\n+0003ffc0: 80a2 20e2 8098 6f75 7477 e280 9920 2d20 .. ...outw... - \n+0003ffd0: 5772 6974 6520 3136 2d62 6974 2056 414c Write 16-bit VAL\n+0003ffe0: 5545 2074 6f20 504f 5254 2e0a 2020 20e2 UE to PORT.. .\n+0003fff0: 80a2 20e2 8098 7063 6964 756d 70e2 8099 .. ...pcidump...\n+00040000: 202d 2053 686f 7720 7261 7720 6475 6d70 - Show raw dump\n+00040010: 206f 6620 7468 6520 5043 4920 636f 6e66 of the PCI conf\n+00040020: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 7370 6163 652e iguration space.\n+00040030: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9870 6e67 7465 . ... ...pngte\n+00040040: 7374 e280 9920 2d20 5465 7374 7320 6c6f st... - Tests lo\n+00040050: 6164 696e 6720 6f66 2050 4e47 2062 6974 ading of PNG bit\n+00040060: 6d61 702e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9872 map.. ... ...r\n+00040070: 6561 645f 6279 7465 e280 9920 2d20 5265 ead_byte... - Re\n+00040080: 6164 2038 2d62 6974 2076 616c 7565 2066 ad 8-bit value f\n+00040090: 726f 6d20 4144 4452 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 rom ADDR.. ...\n+000400a0: 20e2 8098 7265 6164 5f64 776f 7264 e280 ...read_dword..\n+000400b0: 9920 2d20 5265 6164 2033 322d 6269 7420 . - Read 32-bit \n+000400c0: 7661 6c75 6520 6672 6f6d 2041 4444 522e value from ADDR.\n+000400d0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9872 6561 645f . ... ...read_\n+000400e0: 776f 7264 e280 9920 2d20 5265 6164 2031 word... - Read 1\n+000400f0: 362d 6269 7420 7661 6c75 6520 6672 6f6d 6-bit value from\n+00040100: 2041 4444 522e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 ADDR.. ... ..\n+00040110: 9873 6574 7063 69e2 8099 202d 204d 616e .setpci... - Man\n+00040120: 6970 756c 6174 6520 5043 4920 6465 7669 ipulate PCI devi\n+00040130: 6365 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9873 ces.. ... ...s\n+00040140: 7573 7065 6e64 e280 9920 2d20 5265 7475 uspend... - Retu\n+00040150: 726e 2074 6f20 4945 4545 3132 3735 2070 rn to IEEE1275 p\n+00040160: 726f 6d70 742e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 rompt.. ... ..\n+00040170: 9873 7973 6c69 6e75 785f 636f 6e66 6967 .syslinux_config\n+00040180: 6669 6c65 e280 9920 2d20 4578 6563 7574 file... - Execut\n+00040190: 6520 7379 736c 696e 7578 2063 6f6e 6669 e syslinux confi\n+000401a0: 6720 696e 206e 6577 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 g in new context\n+000401b0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 9873 7973 6c69 . ... ...sysli\n+000401c0: 6e75 785f 736f 7572 6365 e280 9920 2d20 nux_source... - \n+000401d0: 4578 6563 7574 6520 7379 736c 696e 7578 Execute syslinux\n+000401e0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 696e 2073 616d 6520 config in same \n+000401f0: 636f 6e74 6578 740a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 context. ... .\n+00040200: 8098 7465 7374 5f62 6c6f 636b 6172 67e2 ..test_blockarg.\n+00040210: 8099 202d 2050 7269 6e74 2061 6e64 2065 .. - Print and e\n+00040220: 7865 6375 7465 2062 6c6f 636b 2061 7267 xecute block arg\n+00040230: 756d 656e 742e 2c20 300a 2020 20e2 80a2 ument., 0. ...\n+00040240: 20e2 8098 7465 7374 6c6f 6164 e280 9920 ...testload... \n+00040250: 2d20 4c6f 6164 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 - Load the same \n+00040260: 6669 6c65 2069 6e20 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 file in multiple\n+00040270: 2077 6179 732e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 ways.. ... ..\n+00040280: 9874 6573 7473 7065 6564 e280 9920 2d20 .testspeed... - \n+00040290: 5465 7374 2066 696c 6520 7265 6164 2073 Test file read s\n+000402a0: 7065 6564 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 peed.. ... ...\n+000402b0: 7467 6174 6573 74e2 8099 202d 2054 6573 tgatest... - Tes\n+000402c0: 7473 206c 6f61 6469 6e67 206f 6620 5447 ts loading of TG\n+000402d0: 4120 6269 746d 6170 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 A bitmap.. ...\n+000402e0: 20e2 8098 7469 6d65 e280 9920 2d20 4d65 ...time... - Me\n+000402f0: 6173 7572 6520 7469 6d65 2075 7365 6420 asure time used \n+00040300: 6279 2043 4f4d 4d41 4e44 0a20 2020 e280 by COMMAND. ..\n+00040310: a220 e280 9874 72e2 8099 202d 2054 7261 . ...tr... - Tra\n+00040320: 6e73 6c61 7465 2053 4554 3120 6368 6172 nslate SET1 char\n+00040330: 6163 7465 7273 2074 6f20 5345 5432 2069 acters to SET2 i\n+00040340: 6e20 5354 5249 4e47 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 n STRING.. ...\n+00040350: 20e2 8098 7573 62e2 8099 202d 2054 6573 ...usb... - Tes\n+00040360: 7420 5553 4220 7375 7070 6f72 742e 0a20 t USB support.. \n+00040370: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9876 6265 696e 666f ... ...vbeinfo\n+00040380: e280 9920 2d20 4c69 7374 2061 7661 696c ... - List avail\n+00040390: 6162 6c65 2076 6964 656f 206d 6f64 6573 able video modes\n+000403a0: 2e20 2049 6620 7265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e . If resolution\n+000403b0: 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e0a 2020 2020 2073 is given. s\n+000403c0: 686f 7720 6f6e 6c79 206d 6f64 6573 206d how only modes m\n+000403d0: 6174 6368 696e 6720 6974 2e0a 2020 20e2 atching it.. .\n+000403e0: 80a2 20e2 8098 7662 6574 6573 74e2 8099 .. ...vbetest...\n+000403f0: 202d 2054 6573 7420 7669 6465 6f20 7375 - Test video su\n+00040400: 6273 7973 7465 6d2e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 bsystem.. ... \n+00040410: e280 9876 6964 656f 7465 7374 e280 9920 ...videotest... \n+00040420: 2d20 5465 7374 2076 6964 656f 2073 7562 - Test video sub\n+00040430: 7379 7374 656d 2069 6e20 6d6f 6465 2057 system in mode W\n+00040440: 7848 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7772 xH.. ... ...wr\n+00040450: 6974 655f 6279 7465 e280 9920 2d20 5772 ite_byte... - Wr\n+00040460: 6974 6520 382d 6269 7420 5641 4c55 4520 ite 8-bit VALUE \n+00040470: 746f 2041 4444 522e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 to ADDR.. ... \n+00040480: e280 9877 7269 7465 5f64 776f 7264 e280 ...write_dword..\n+00040490: 9920 2d20 5772 6974 6520 3332 2d62 6974 . - Write 32-bit\n+000404a0: 2056 414c 5545 2074 6f20 4144 4452 2e0a VALUE to ADDR..\n+000404b0: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7772 6974 655f ... ...write_\n+000404c0: 776f 7264 e280 9920 2d20 5772 6974 6520 word... - Write \n+000404d0: 3136 2d62 6974 2056 414c 5545 2074 6f20 16-bit VALUE to \n+000404e0: 4144 4452 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 ADDR.. ... ...\n+000404f0: 7865 6e5f 6361 74e2 8099 202d 204c 6973 xen_cat... - Lis\n+00040500: 7420 5865 6e20 7374 6f72 6167 652e 0a20 t Xen storage.. \n+00040510: 2020 e280 a220 e280 9878 656e 5f6c 73e2 ... ...xen_ls.\n+00040520: 8099 202d 204c 6973 7420 5865 6e20 7374 .. - List Xen st\n+00040530: 6f72 6167 652e 0a20 2020 e280 a220 e280 orage.. ... ..\n+00040540: 9878 6e75 5f64 6576 7072 6f70 5f6c 6f61 .xnu_devprop_loa\n+00040550: 64e2 8099 202d 204c 6f61 6420 2764 6576 d... - Load 'dev\n+00040560: 6963 652d 7072 6f70 6572 7469 6573 2720 ice-properties' \n+00040570: 6475 6d70 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 dump.. ... ...\n+00040580: 786e 755f 7575 6964 e280 9920 2d20 5472 xnu_uuid... - Tr\n+00040590: 616e 7366 6f72 6d20 3634 2d62 6974 2055 ansform 64-bit U\n+000405a0: 5549 4420 746f 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 7375 UID to format su\n+000405b0: 6974 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 2058 4e55 2e20 itable for XNU. \n+000405c0: 4966 0a20 2020 2020 2d6c 2069 7320 6769 If. -l is gi\n+000405d0: 7665 6e20 6b65 6570 2069 7420 6c6f 7765 ven keep it lowe\n+000405e0: 7263 6173 6520 6173 2064 6f6e 6520 6279 rcase as done by\n+000405f0: 2062 6c6b 6964 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 blkid.. ... .\n+00040600: 8098 7a66 732d 626f 6f74 6673 e280 9920 ..zfs-bootfs... \n+00040610: 2d20 5072 696e 7420 5a46 532d 424f 4f54 - Print ZFS-BOOT\n+00040620: 4653 4f42 4a20 6f72 2073 746f 7265 2069 FSOBJ or store i\n+00040630: 7420 696e 746f 2056 4152 4941 424c 450a t into VARIABLE.\n+00040640: 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7a66 7369 6e66 ... ...zfsinf\n+00040650: 6fe2 8099 202d 2050 7269 6e74 205a 4653 o... - Print ZFS\n+00040660: 2069 6e66 6f20 6162 6f75 7420 4445 5649 info about DEVI\n+00040670: 4345 2e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 20e2 8098 7a66 CE.. ... ...zf\n+00040680: 736b 6579 e280 9920 2d20 496d 706f 7274 skey... - Import\n+00040690: 205a 4653 2077 7261 7070 696e 6720 6b65 ZFS wrapping ke\n+000406a0: 7920 7374 6f72 6564 2069 6e20 4649 4c45 y stored in FILE\n+000406b0: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n+000406c0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 info, Node: Int\n+000406d0: 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 696f ernationalisatio\n+000406e0: 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5365 6375 7269 n, Next: Securi\n+000406f0: 7479 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2043 6f6d 6d61 ty, Prev: Comma\n+00040700: 6e64 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 nds, Up: Top..1\n+00040710: 3820 496e 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 8 Internationali\n+00040720: 7361 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a sation.*********\n+00040730: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n+00040740: 3138 2e31 2043 6861 7273 6574 0a3d 3d3d 18.1 Charset.===\n+00040750: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 5255 4220 =========..GRUB \n+00040760: 7573 6573 2055 5446 2d38 2069 6e74 6572 uses UTF-8 inter\n+00040770: 6e61 6c6c 7920 6f74 6865 7220 7468 616e nally other than\n+00040780: 2069 6e20 7265 6e64 6572 696e 6720 7768 in rendering wh\n+00040790: 6572 6520 736f 6d65 0a47 5255 422d 7370 ere some.GRUB-sp\n+000407a0: 6563 6966 6963 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 ecific appropria\n+000407b0: 7465 2072 6570 7265 7365 6e74 6174 696f te representatio\n+000407c0: 6e20 6973 2075 7365 642e 2020 416c 6c20 n is used. All \n+000407d0: 7465 7874 2066 696c 6573 0a28 696e 636c text files.(incl\n+000407e0: 7564 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6967 2920 6172 uding config) ar\n+000407f0: 6520 6173 7375 6d65 6420 746f 2062 6520 e assumed to be \n+00040800: 656e 636f 6465 6420 696e 2055 5446 2d38 encoded in UTF-8\n+00040810: 2e0a 0a31 382e 3220 4669 6c65 7379 7374 ...18.2 Filesyst\n+00040820: 656d 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ems.============\n+00040830: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4e54 4653 2c20 4a46 532c ====..NTFS, JFS,\n+00040840: 2055 4446 2c20 4846 532b 2c20 6578 4641 UDF, HFS+, exFA\n+00040850: 542c 206c 6f6e 6720 6669 6c65 6e61 6d65 T, long filename\n+00040860: 7320 696e 2046 4154 2c20 4a6f 6c69 6574 s in FAT, Joliet\n+00040870: 2070 6172 7420 6f66 0a49 534f 3936 3630 part of.ISO9660\n+00040880: 2061 7265 2074 7265 6174 6564 2061 7320 are treated as \n+00040890: 5554 462d 3136 2061 7320 7065 7220 7370 UTF-16 as per sp\n+000408a0: 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 4146 ecification. AF\n+000408b0: 5320 616e 6420 4246 5320 6172 650a 7265 S and BFS are.re\n+000408c0: 6164 2061 7320 5554 462d 382c 2061 6761 ad as UTF-8, aga\n+000408d0: 696e 2061 6363 6f72 6469 6e67 2074 6f20 in according to \n+000408e0: 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 specification. \n+000408f0: 4274 7246 532c 2063 7069 6f2c 2074 6172 BtrFS, cpio, tar\n+00040900: 2c0a 7371 7561 7368 342c 206d 696e 6978 ,.squash4, minix\n+00040910: 2c20 6d69 6e69 7832 2c20 6d69 6e69 7833 , minix2, minix3\n+00040920: 2c20 524f 4d46 532c 2052 6569 7365 7246 , ROMFS, ReiserF\n+00040930: 532c 2058 4653 2c20 6578 7432 2c20 6578 S, XFS, ext2, ex\n+00040940: 7433 2c20 6578 7434 2c0a 4641 5420 2873 t3, ext4,.FAT (s\n+00040950: 686f 7274 206e 616d 6573 292c 2046 3246 hort names), F2F\n+00040960: 532c 2052 6f63 6b52 6964 6765 2070 6172 S, RockRidge par\n+00040970: 7420 6f66 2049 534f 3936 3630 2c20 6e69 t of ISO9660, ni\n+00040980: 6c66 7332 2c20 5546 5331 2c20 5546 5332 lfs2, UFS1, UFS2\n+00040990: 0a61 6e64 205a 4653 2061 7265 2061 7373 .and ZFS are ass\n+000409a0: 756d 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2055 5446 2d38 umed to be UTF-8\n+000409b0: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d69 6768 7420 6265 . This might be\n+000409c0: 2066 616c 7365 206f 6e20 7379 7374 656d false on system\n+000409d0: 730a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2077 6974 s.configured wit\n+000409e0: 6820 6c65 6761 6379 2063 6861 7273 6574 h legacy charset\n+000409f0: 2062 7574 2061 7320 6c6f 6e67 2061 7320 but as long as \n+00040a00: 7468 6520 6368 6172 7365 7420 7573 6564 the charset used\n+00040a10: 2069 730a 7375 7065 7273 6574 206f 6620 is.superset of \n+00040a20: 4153 4349 4920 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 ASCII you should\n+00040a30: 2062 6520 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6163 6365 be able to acce\n+00040a40: 7373 2041 5343 4949 2d6e 616d 6564 2066 ss ASCII-named f\n+00040a50: 696c 6573 2e20 2041 6e64 0a69 7427 7320 iles. And.it's \n+00040a60: 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 746f 2063 recommended to c\n+00040a70: 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 2079 6f75 7220 7379 onfigure your sy\n+00040a80: 7374 656d 2074 6f20 7573 6520 5554 462d stem to use UTF-\n+00040a90: 3820 746f 2061 6363 6573 7320 7468 650a 8 to access the.\n+00040aa0: 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2c20 636f 6e76 filesystem, conv\n+00040ab0: 6d76 206d 6179 2068 656c 7020 7769 7468 mv may help with\n+00040ac0: 206d 6967 7261 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 534f migration. ISO\n+00040ad0: 3936 3630 2028 706c 6169 6e29 2066 696c 9660 (plain) fil\n+00040ae0: 656e 616d 6573 0a61 7265 2073 7065 6369 enames.are speci\n+00040af0: 6669 6564 2061 7320 6265 696e 6720 4153 fied as being AS\n+00040b00: 4349 4920 6f72 2062 6569 6e67 2064 6573 CII or being des\n+00040b10: 6372 6962 6564 2077 6974 6820 756e 7370 cribed with unsp\n+00040b20: 6563 6966 6965 6420 6573 6361 7065 0a73 ecified escape.s\n+00040b30: 6571 7565 6e63 6573 2e20 2047 5255 4220 equences. GRUB \n+00040b40: 6173 7375 6d65 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 assumes that the\n+00040b50: 2049 534f 3936 3630 206e 616d 6573 2061 ISO9660 names a\n+00040b60: 7265 2055 5446 2d38 2028 7369 6e63 6520 re UTF-8 (since \n+00040b70: 616e 790a 4153 4349 4920 6973 2076 616c any.ASCII is val\n+00040b80: 6964 2055 5446 2d38 292e 2020 5468 6572 id UTF-8). Ther\n+00040b90: 6520 6172 6520 736f 6d65 206f 6c64 2043 e are some old C\n+00040ba0: 442d 524f 4d73 2077 6869 6368 2075 7365 D-ROMs which use\n+00040bb0: 2043 5034 3337 2069 6e0a 6e6f 6e2d 636f CP437 in.non-co\n+00040bc0: 6d70 6c69 616e 7420 7761 792e 2020 596f mpliant way. Yo\n+00040bd0: 7527 7265 2073 7469 6c6c 2061 626c 6520 u're still able \n+00040be0: 746f 2061 6363 6573 7320 6669 6c65 7320 to access files \n+00040bf0: 7769 7468 206e 616d 6573 0a63 6f6e 7461 with names.conta\n+00040c00: 696e 696e 6720 6f6e 6c79 2041 5343 4949 ining only ASCII\n+00040c10: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 6f6e 2073 characters on s\n+00040c20: 7563 6820 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 7320 uch filesystems \n+00040c30: 7468 6f75 6768 2e20 2059 6f75 2772 650a though. You're.\n+00040c40: 616c 736f 2061 626c 6520 746f 2061 6363 also able to acc\n+00040c50: 6573 7320 616e 7920 6669 6c65 2069 6620 ess any file if \n+00040c60: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2063 the filesystem c\n+00040c70: 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7661 6c69 6420 4a6f ontains valid Jo\n+00040c80: 6c69 6574 0a28 5554 462d 3136 2920 6f72 liet.(UTF-16) or\n+00040c90: 2052 6f63 6b52 6964 6765 2028 5554 462d RockRidge (UTF-\n+00040ca0: 3829 2e20 2041 4646 532c 2053 4653 2061 8). AFFS, SFS a\n+00040cb0: 6e64 2048 4653 206e 6576 6572 2075 7365 nd HFS never use\n+00040cc0: 2075 6e69 636f 6465 2061 6e64 0a47 5255 unicode and.GRU\n+00040cd0: 4220 6173 7375 6d65 7320 7468 656d 2074 B assumes them t\n+00040ce0: 6f20 6265 2069 6e20 4c61 7469 6e31 2c20 o be in Latin1, \n+00040cf0: 4c61 7469 6e31 2061 6e64 204d 6163 526f Latin1 and MacRo\n+00040d00: 6d61 6e20 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 man respectively\n+00040d10: 2e0a 4752 5542 2068 616e 646c 6573 2066 ..GRUB handles f\n+00040d20: 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 6361 7365 2d69 ilesystem case-i\n+00040d30: 6e73 656e 7369 7469 7669 7479 2068 6f77 nsensitivity how\n+00040d40: 6576 6572 206e 6f20 6174 7465 6d70 7420 ever no attempt \n+00040d50: 6973 0a70 6572 666f 726d 6564 2061 7420 is.performed at \n+00040d60: 6361 7365 2063 6f6e 7665 7273 696f 6e20 case conversion \n+00040d70: 6f66 2069 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c of international\n+00040d80: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 736f 2065 characters so e\n+00040d90: 2e67 2e20 2061 2066 696c 650a 6e61 6d65 .g. a file.name\n+00040da0: 6420 6c6f 7765 7263 6173 6520 6772 6565 d lowercase gree\n+00040db0: 6b20 616c 7068 6120 6973 2074 7265 6174 k alpha is treat\n+00040dc0: 6564 2061 7320 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 ed as different \n+00040dd0: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 206f 6e65 206e 616d from the one nam\n+00040de0: 6564 0a61 7320 7570 7065 7263 6173 6520 ed.as uppercase \n+00040df0: 616c 7068 612e 2020 5468 6520 6669 6c65 alpha. The file\n+00040e00: 7379 7374 656d 7320 696e 2071 7565 7374 systems in quest\n+00040e10: 696f 6e73 2061 7265 204e 5446 5320 2865 ions are NTFS (e\n+00040e20: 7863 6570 7420 504f 5349 580a 6e61 6d65 xcept POSIX.name\n+00040e30: 7370 6163 6529 2c20 4846 532b 2028 636f space), HFS+ (co\n+00040e40: 6e66 6967 7572 6162 6c65 2061 7420 6d6b nfigurable at mk\n+00040e50: 6673 2074 696d 652c 2064 6566 6175 6c74 fs time, default\n+00040e60: 2069 6e73 656e 7369 7469 7665 292c 2053 insensitive), S\n+00040e70: 4653 0a28 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6162 6c65 FS.(configurable\n+00040e80: 2061 7420 6d6b 6673 2074 696d 652c 2064 at mkfs time, d\n+00040e90: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 6e73 656e 7369 7469 efault insensiti\n+00040ea0: 7665 292c 204a 4653 2028 636f 6e66 6967 ve), JFS (config\n+00040eb0: 7572 6162 6c65 2061 740a 6d6b 6673 2074 urable at.mkfs t\n+00040ec0: 696d 652c 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2073 656e ime, default sen\n+00040ed0: 7369 7469 7665 292c 2048 4653 2c20 4146 sitive), HFS, AF\n+00040ee0: 4653 2c20 4641 542c 2065 7846 4154 2061 FS, FAT, exFAT a\n+00040ef0: 6e64 205a 4653 0a28 636f 6e66 6967 7572 nd ZFS.(configur\n+00040f00: 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 7065 722d 7375 6276 able on per-subv\n+00040f10: 6f6c 756d 6520 6261 7369 7320 6279 2070 olume basis by p\n+00040f20: 726f 7065 7274 7920 2263 6173 6573 656e roperty \"casesen\n+00040f30: 7369 7469 7669 7479 222c 0a64 6566 6175 sitivity\",.defau\n+00040f40: 6c74 2073 656e 7369 7469 7665 292e 2020 lt sensitive). \n+00040f50: 4f6e 205a 4653 2073 7562 766f 6c75 6d65 On ZFS subvolume\n+00040f60: 7320 6d61 726b 6564 2061 7320 6361 7365 s marked as case\n+00040f70: 2069 6e73 656e 7369 7469 7665 2066 696c insensitive fil\n+00040f80: 6573 0a63 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 6c6f es.containing lo\n+00040f90: 7765 7263 6173 6520 696e 7465 726e 6174 wercase internat\n+00040fa0: 696f 6e61 6c20 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 ional characters\n+00040fb0: 2061 7265 2069 6e61 6363 6573 7369 626c are inaccessibl\n+00040fc0: 652e 2020 416c 736f 0a6c 696b 6520 616c e. Also.like al\n+00040fd0: 6c20 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6669 6c65 l supported file\n+00040fe0: 7379 7374 656d 7320 6578 6365 7074 2048 systems except H\n+00040ff0: 4653 2b20 616e 6420 5a46 5320 2863 6f6e FS+ and ZFS (con\n+00041000: 6669 6775 7261 626c 6520 6f6e 0a70 6572 figurable on.per\n+00041010: 2d73 7562 766f 6c75 6d65 2062 6173 6973 -subvolume basis\n+00041020: 2062 7920 7072 6f70 6572 7479 2022 6e6f by property \"no\n+00041030: 726d 616c 697a 6174 696f 6e22 2c20 6465 rmalization\", de\n+00041040: 6661 756c 7420 6e6f 6e65 2920 4752 5542 fault none) GRUB\n+00041050: 0a6d 616b 6573 206e 6f20 6174 7465 6d70 .makes no attemp\n+00041060: 7420 6174 2063 6865 636b 206f 6620 6361 t at check of ca\n+00041070: 6e6f 6e69 6361 6c20 6571 7569 7661 6c65 nonical equivale\n+00041080: 6e63 6520 736f 2061 2066 696c 6520 6e61 nce so a file na\n+00041090: 6d65 0a75 2d64 6961 7265 7369 7320 6973 me.u-diaresis is\n+000410a0: 2074 7265 6174 6564 2061 7320 6469 7374 treated as dist\n+000410b0: 696e 6374 2066 726f 6d20 752b 636f 6d62 inct from u+comb\n+000410c0: 696e 696e 6720 6469 6172 6573 6973 2e20 ining diaresis. \n+000410d0: 2054 6869 730a 686f 7765 7665 7220 6d65 This.however me\n+000410e0: 616e 7320 7468 6174 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 ans that in orde\n+000410f0: 7220 746f 2061 6363 6573 7320 6669 6c65 r to access file\n+00041100: 206f 6e20 4846 532b 2069 7473 206e 616d on HFS+ its nam\n+00041110: 6520 6d75 7374 2062 650a 7370 6563 6966 e must be.specif\n+00041120: 6965 6420 696e 206e 6f72 6d61 6c69 7361 ied in normalisa\n+00041130: 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 6d20 442e 204f 6e20 tion form D. On \n+00041140: 6e6f 726d 616c 697a 6564 205a 4653 2073 normalized ZFS s\n+00041150: 7562 766f 6c75 6d65 730a 6669 6c65 6e61 ubvolumes.filena\n+00041160: 6d65 7320 6f75 7420 6f66 206e 6f72 6d61 mes out of norma\n+00041170: 6c69 7361 7469 6f6e 2061 7265 2069 6e61 lisation are ina\n+00041180: 6363 6573 7369 626c 652e 0a0a 3138 2e33 ccessible...18.3\n+00041190: 204f 7574 7075 7420 7465 726d 696e 616c Output terminal\n+000411a0: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+000411b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a46 6972 6d77 6172 6520 =====..Firmware \n+000411c0: 6f75 7470 7574 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2022 output console \"\n+000411d0: 636f 6e73 6f6c 6522 206f 6e20 4152 4320 console\" on ARC \n+000411e0: 616e 6420 4945 4545 3132 3735 2061 7265 and IEEE1275 are\n+000411f0: 206c 696d 6974 6564 2074 6f0a 4153 4349 limited to.ASCI\n+00041200: 492e 0a0a 2020 2042 494f 5320 6669 726d I... BIOS firm\n+00041210: 7761 7265 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2061 6e64 ware console and\n+00041220: 2056 4741 2074 6578 7420 6172 6520 6c69 VGA text are li\n+00041230: 6d69 7465 6420 746f 2041 5343 4949 2061 mited to ASCII a\n+00041240: 6e64 2073 6f6d 650a 7073 6575 646f 6772 nd some.pseudogr\n+00041250: 6170 6869 6373 2e0a 0a20 2020 4e6f 6e65 aphics... None\n+00041260: 206f 6620 6162 6f76 6520 6d65 6e74 696f of above mentio\n+00041270: 6e65 6420 6973 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 ned is appropria\n+00041280: 7465 2066 6f72 2064 6973 706c 6179 696e te for displayin\n+00041290: 6720 696e 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c0a g international.\n+000412a0: 616e 6420 616e 7920 756e 7375 7070 6f72 and any unsuppor\n+000412b0: 7465 6420 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 6973 ted character is\n+000412c0: 2072 6570 6c61 6365 6420 7769 7468 2071 replaced with q\n+000412d0: 7565 7374 696f 6e20 6d61 726b 2065 7863 uestion mark exc\n+000412e0: 6570 740a 7073 6575 646f 6772 6170 6869 ept.pseudographi\n+000412f0: 6373 2077 6869 6368 2077 6520 6174 7465 cs which we atte\n+00041300: 6d70 7420 746f 2061 7070 726f 7869 6d61 mpt to approxima\n+00041310: 7465 2077 6974 6820 4153 4349 492e 0a0a te with ASCII...\n+00041320: 2020 2045 4649 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 206f EFI console o\n+00041330: 6e20 7468 6520 6f74 6865 7220 6861 6e64 n the other hand\n+00041340: 206e 6f6d 696e 616c 6c79 2073 7570 706f nominally suppo\n+00041350: 7274 7320 5554 462d 3136 2062 7574 2061 rts UTF-16 but a\n+00041360: 6374 7561 6c0a 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 2063 ctual.language c\n+00041370: 6f76 6572 6167 6520 6465 7065 6e64 7320 overage depends \n+00041380: 6f6e 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6520 616e 6420 on firmware and \n+00041390: 6d61 7920 6265 2076 6572 7920 6c69 6d69 may be very limi\n+000413a0: 7465 642e 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 2065 6e63 ted... The enc\n+000413b0: 6f64 696e 6720 7573 6564 206f 6e20 7365 oding used on se\n+000413c0: 7269 616c 2063 616e 2062 6520 6368 6f73 rial can be chos\n+000413d0: 656e 2077 6974 6820 e280 9874 6572 6d69 en with ...termi\n+000413e0: 6e66 6fe2 8099 2061 7320 6569 7468 6572 nfo... as either\n+000413f0: 0a41 5343 4949 2c20 5554 462d 3820 6f72 .ASCII, UTF-8 or\n+00041400: 2022 7669 7375 616c 2055 5446 2d38 222e \"visual UTF-8\".\n+00041410: 2020 4c61 7374 206f 6e65 2069 7320 6167 Last one is ag\n+00041420: 6169 6e73 7420 7468 6520 7370 6563 6966 ainst the specif\n+00041430: 6963 6174 696f 6e0a 6275 7420 7265 7375 ication.but resu\n+00041440: 6c74 7320 696e 2063 6f72 7265 6374 2072 lts in correct r\n+00041450: 656e 6465 7269 6e67 206f 6620 7269 6768 endering of righ\n+00041460: 742d 746f 2d6c 6566 7420 6f6e 2073 6f6d t-to-left on som\n+00041470: 6520 7265 6164 6572 7320 7768 6963 680a e readers which.\n+00041480: 646f 6e27 7420 6861 7665 206f 776e 2062 don't have own b\n+00041490: 6964 6920 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 idi implementati\n+000414a0: 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 4f6e 2065 6d75 2047 on... On emu G\n+000414b0: 5255 4220 6368 6563 6b73 2069 6620 6368 RUB checks if ch\n+000414c0: 6172 7365 7420 6973 2055 5446 2d38 2061 arset is UTF-8 a\n+000414d0: 6e64 2075 7365 7320 6974 2069 6620 736f nd uses it if so\n+000414e0: 2061 6e64 2075 7365 730a 4153 4349 4920 and uses.ASCII \n+000414f0: 6f74 6865 7277 6973 652e 0a0a 2020 2057 otherwise... W\n+00041500: 6865 6e20 7573 696e 6720 6766 7874 6572 hen using gfxter\n+00041510: 6d20 6f72 2067 6678 6d65 6e75 2047 5255 m or gfxmenu GRU\n+00041520: 4220 6974 7365 6c66 2069 7320 7265 7370 B itself is resp\n+00041530: 6f6e 7369 626c 6520 666f 720a 7265 6e64 onsible for.rend\n+00041540: 6572 696e 6720 7468 6520 7465 7874 2e20 ering the text. \n+00041550: 2049 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6173 6520 4752 In this case GR\n+00041560: 5542 2069 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6279 UB is limited by\n+00041570: 206c 6f61 6465 6420 666f 6e74 732e 2020 loaded fonts. \n+00041580: 4966 0a66 6f6e 7473 2063 6f6e 7461 696e If.fonts contain\n+00041590: 2061 6c6c 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 6368 all required ch\n+000415a0: 6172 6163 7465 7273 2074 6865 6e20 6269 aracters then bi\n+000415b0: 6469 7265 6374 696f 6e61 6c20 7465 7874 directional text\n+000415c0: 2c20 6375 7273 6976 650a 7661 7269 616e , cursive.varian\n+000415d0: 7473 2061 6e64 2063 6f6d 6269 6e69 6e67 ts and combining\n+000415e0: 206d 6172 6b73 206f 7468 6572 2074 6861 marks other tha\n+000415f0: 6e20 656e 636c 6f73 696e 672c 2068 616c n enclosing, hal\n+00041600: 6620 2865 2e67 2e20 206c 6566 7420 6861 f (e.g. left ha\n+00041610: 6c66 0a74 696c 6465 206f 7220 636f 6d62 lf.tilde or comb\n+00041620: 696e 696e 6720 6f76 6572 6c69 6e65 2920 ining overline) \n+00041630: 616e 6420 646f 7562 6c65 206f 6e65 732e and double ones.\n+00041640: 2020 4c69 6761 7475 7265 7320 6172 656e Ligatures aren\n+00041650: 2774 0a73 7570 706f 7274 6564 2074 686f 't.supported tho\n+00041660: 7567 682e 2020 5468 6973 2073 686f 756c ugh. This shoul\n+00041670: 6420 636f 7665 7220 4575 726f 7065 616e d cover European\n+00041680: 2c20 4d69 6464 6c65 2045 6173 7465 726e , Middle Eastern\n+00041690: 2028 6966 2079 6f75 0a64 6f6e 2774 206d (if you.don't m\n+000416a0: 696e 6420 6c61 636b 206f 6620 6c61 6d2d ind lack of lam-\n+000416b0: 616c 6966 206c 6967 6174 7572 6520 696e alif ligature in\n+000416c0: 2041 7261 6269 6329 2061 6e64 2045 6173 Arabic) and Eas\n+000416d0: 7420 4173 6961 6e20 7363 7269 7074 732e t Asian scripts.\n+000416e0: 0a4e 6f74 6162 6c65 2075 6e73 7570 706f .Notable unsuppo\n+000416f0: 7274 6564 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 7265 rted scripts are\n+00041700: 2042 7261 686d 6963 2066 616d 696c 7920 Brahmic family \n+00041710: 616e 6420 6465 7269 7665 6420 6173 2077 and derived as w\n+00041720: 656c 6c20 6173 0a4d 6f6e 676f 6c69 616e ell as.Mongolian\n+00041730: 2c20 5469 6669 6e61 6768 2c20 4b6f 7265 , Tifinagh, Kore\n+00041740: 616e 204a 616d 6f20 2870 7265 636f 6d70 an Jamo (precomp\n+00041750: 6f73 6564 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 osed characters \n+00041760: 6861 7665 206e 6f0a 7072 6f62 6c65 6d29 have no.problem)\n+00041770: 2061 6e64 2074 6f6e 616c 2077 7269 7469 and tonal writi\n+00041780: 6e67 2028 3265 352d 3265 3929 2e20 2047 ng (2e5-2e9). G\n+00041790: 5255 4220 616c 736f 2069 676e 6f72 6573 RUB also ignores\n+000417a0: 2064 6570 7265 6361 7465 6420 2861 730a deprecated (as.\n+000417b0: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 696e 2055 6e69 specified in Uni\n+000417c0: 636f 6465 2920 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 code) characters\n+000417d0: 2028 652e 672e 2020 7461 6773 292e 2020 (e.g. tags). \n+000417e0: 4752 5542 2061 6c73 6f20 646f 6573 6e27 GRUB also doesn'\n+000417f0: 7420 6861 6e64 6c65 0a73 6f20 6361 6c6c t handle.so call\n+00041800: 6564 2022 616e 6e6f 7461 7469 6f6e 2063 ed \"annotation c\n+00041810: 6861 7261 6374 6572 7322 2049 6620 796f haracters\" If yo\n+00041820: 7520 6361 6e20 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 2065 u can complete e\n+00041830: 6974 6865 7220 6f66 2074 776f 0a6c 6973 ither of two.lis\n+00041840: 7473 206f 722c 2062 6574 7465 722c 2070 ts or, better, p\n+00041850: 726f 706f 7365 2061 2070 6174 6368 2074 ropose a patch t\n+00041860: 6f20 696d 7072 6f76 6520 7265 6e64 6572 o improve render\n+00041870: 696e 672c 2070 6c65 6173 6520 636f 6e74 ing, please cont\n+00041880: 6163 740a 6465 7665 6c6f 7065 7220 7465 act.developer te\n+00041890: 616d 2e0a 0a31 382e 3420 496e 7075 7420 am...18.4 Input \n+000418a0: 7465 726d 696e 616c 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d terminal.=======\n+000418b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4669 ============..Fi\n+000418c0: 726d 7761 7265 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 206f rmware console o\n+000418d0: 6e20 4249 4f53 2c20 4945 4545 3132 3735 n BIOS, IEEE1275\n+000418e0: 2061 6e64 2041 5243 2064 6f65 736e 2774 and ARC doesn't\n+000418f0: 2061 6c6c 6f77 2079 6f75 2074 6f20 656e allow you to en\n+00041900: 7465 720a 6e6f 6e2d 4153 4349 4920 6368 ter.non-ASCII ch\n+00041910: 6172 6163 7465 7273 2e20 2045 4649 2073 aracters. EFI s\n+00041920: 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2061 6c6c pecification all\n+00041930: 6f77 7320 666f 7220 7375 6368 2062 7574 ows for such but\n+00041940: 2061 7574 686f 7220 6973 0a75 6e61 7761 author is.unawa\n+00041950: 7265 206f 6620 616e 7920 6163 7475 616c re of any actual\n+00041960: 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e73 implementations\n+00041970: 2e20 2053 6572 6961 6c20 696e 7075 7420 . Serial input \n+00041980: 6973 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 0a6c 696d is currently.lim\n+00041990: 6974 6564 2066 6f72 206c 6174 696e 3120 ited for latin1 \n+000419a0: 2875 6e6c 696b 656c 7920 746f 2063 6861 (unlikely to cha\n+000419b0: 6e67 6529 2e20 204f 776e 206b 6579 626f nge). Own keybo\n+000419c0: 6172 6420 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 ard implementati\n+000419d0: 6f6e 730a 2861 745f 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 ons.(at_keyboard\n+000419e0: 2061 6e64 2075 7362 5f6b 6579 626f 6172 and usb_keyboar\n+000419f0: 6429 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 616e 7920 d) supports any \n+00041a00: 6b65 7920 6275 7420 776f 726b 206f 6e0a key but work on.\n+00041a10: 6f6e 652d 6368 6172 2d70 6572 2d6b 6579 one-char-per-key\n+00041a20: 7374 726f 6b65 2e20 2053 6f20 6e6f 2064 stroke. So no d\n+00041a30: 6561 6420 6b65 7973 206f 7220 6164 7661 ead keys or adva\n+00041a40: 6e63 6564 2069 6e70 7574 206d 6574 686f nced input metho\n+00041a50: 642e 2020 416c 736f 0a74 6865 7265 2069 d. Also.there i\n+00041a60: 7320 6e6f 206b 6579 6d61 7020 6368 616e s no keymap chan\n+00041a70: 6765 2068 6f74 6b65 792e 2020 496e 2070 ge hotkey. In p\n+00041a80: 7261 6374 6963 6520 6974 206d 616b 6573 ractice it makes\n+00041a90: 2064 6966 6669 6375 6c74 2074 6f0a 656e difficult to.en\n+00041aa0: 7465 7220 616e 7920 7465 7874 2075 7369 ter any text usi\n+00041ab0: 6e67 206e 6f6e 2d4c 6174 696e 2061 6c70 ng non-Latin alp\n+00041ac0: 6861 6265 742e 2020 4d6f 7265 6f76 6572 habet. Moreover\n+00041ad0: 2061 6c6c 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2069 6e70 all current inp\n+00041ae0: 7574 0a63 6f6e 7375 6d65 7273 2061 7265 ut.consumers are\n+00041af0: 206c 696d 6974 6564 2074 6f20 4153 4349 limited to ASCI\n+00041b00: 492e 0a0a 3138 2e35 2047 6574 7465 7874 I...18.5 Gettext\n+00041b10: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a47 .============..G\n+00041b20: 5255 4220 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2062 6569 RUB supports bei\n+00041b30: 6e67 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 642e 2020 ng translated. \n+00041b40: 466f 7220 7468 6973 2079 6f75 206e 6565 For this you nee\n+00041b50: 6420 746f 2068 6176 6520 6c61 6e67 7561 d to have langua\n+00041b60: 6765 202a 2e6d 6f0a 6669 6c65 7320 696e ge *.mo.files in\n+00041b70: 2024 7072 6566 6978 2f6c 6f63 616c 652c $prefix/locale,\n+00041b80: 206c 6f61 6420 6765 7474 6578 7420 6d6f load gettext mo\n+00041b90: 6475 6c65 2061 6e64 2073 6574 2022 6c61 dule and set \"la\n+00041ba0: 6e67 2220 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2e0a 0a31 ng\" variable...1\n+00041bb0: 382e 3620 5265 6765 7870 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 8.6 Regexp.=====\n+00041bc0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5265 6765 7870 7320 ======..Regexps \n+00041bd0: 776f 726b 206f 6e20 756e 6963 6f64 6520 work on unicode \n+00041be0: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2c20 686f 7765 characters, howe\n+00041bf0: 7665 7220 6e6f 2061 7474 656d 7074 2061 ver no attempt a\n+00041c00: 7420 6368 6563 6b69 6e67 0a63 616e 6e6f t checking.canno\n+00041c10: 6e69 6361 6c20 6571 7569 7661 6c65 6e63 nical equivalenc\n+00041c20: 6520 6861 7320 6265 656e 206d 6164 652e e has been made.\n+00041c30: 2020 4d6f 7265 6f76 6572 2074 6865 2063 Moreover the c\n+00041c40: 6c61 7373 6573 206c 696b 650a 5b3a 616c lasses like.[:al\n+00041c50: 7068 613a 5d20 6d61 7463 6820 6f6e 6c79 pha:] match only\n+00041c60: 2041 5343 4949 2073 7562 7365 742e 0a0a ASCII subset...\n+00041c70: 3138 2e37 204f 7468 6572 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 18.7 Other.=====\n+00041c80: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a43 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 =====..Currently\n+00041c90: 2047 5255 4220 616c 7761 7973 2075 7365 GRUB always use\n+00041ca0: 7320 5945 4152 2d4d 4f4e 5448 2d44 4159 s YEAR-MONTH-DAY\n+00041cb0: 2048 4f55 523a 4d49 4e55 5445 3a53 4543 HOUR:MINUTE:SEC\n+00041cc0: 4f4e 4420 5b57 4545 4b44 4159 5d0a 3234 OND [WEEKDAY].24\n+00041cd0: 2d68 6f75 7220 6461 7465 7469 6d65 2066 -hour datetime f\n+00041ce0: 6f72 6d61 7420 6275 7420 7765 656b 6461 ormat but weekda\n+00041cf0: 7973 2061 7265 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 ys are translate\n+00041d00: 642e 2020 4752 5542 2061 6c77 6179 7320 d. GRUB always \n+00041d10: 7573 6573 0a74 6865 2064 6563 696d 616c uses.the decimal\n+00041d20: 206e 756d 6265 7220 666f 726d 6174 2077 number format w\n+00041d30: 6974 6820 5b30 2d39 5d20 6173 2064 6967 ith [0-9] as dig\n+00041d40: 6974 7320 616e 6420 2e20 2061 7320 6465 its and . as de\n+00041d50: 7363 696d 616c 0a73 6570 6172 6174 6f72 scimal.separator\n+00041d60: 2061 6e64 206e 6f20 6772 6f75 7020 7365 and no group se\n+00041d70: 7061 7261 746f 722e 2020 4945 4545 3132 parator. IEEE12\n+00041d80: 3735 2061 6c69 6173 6573 2061 7265 206d 75 aliases are m\n+00041d90: 6174 6368 6564 0a63 6173 652d 696e 7365 atched.case-inse\n+00041da0: 6e73 6974 6976 656c 7920 6578 6365 7074 nsitively except\n+00041db0: 206e 6f6e 2d41 5343 4949 2077 6869 6368 non-ASCII which\n+00041dc0: 2069 7320 6d61 7463 6865 6420 6173 2062 is matched as b\n+00041dd0: 696e 6172 792e 2020 5369 6d69 6c61 720a inary. Similar.\n+00041de0: 6265 6861 7669 6f75 7220 6973 2066 6f72 behaviour is for\n+00041df0: 206d 6174 6368 696e 6720 4f53 4275 6e64 matching OSBund\n+00041e00: 6c65 5265 7175 6972 6564 2e20 2053 696e leRequired. Sin\n+00041e10: 6365 2049 4545 4531 3237 3520 616c 6961 ce IEEE1275 alia\n+00041e20: 7365 7320 616e 640a 4f53 4275 6e64 6c65 ses and.OSBundle\n+00041e30: 5265 7175 6972 6564 2064 6f6e 2774 2063 Required don't c\n+00041e40: 6f6e 7461 696e 2061 6e79 206e 6f6e 2d41 ontain any non-A\n+00041e50: 5343 4949 2069 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 206e SCII it should n\n+00041e60: 6576 6572 2062 6520 610a 7072 6f62 6c65 ever be a.proble\n+00041e70: 6d20 696e 2070 7261 6374 6963 652e 2020 m in practice. \n+00041e80: 4361 7365 2d73 656e 7369 7469 7665 2069 Case-sensitive i\n+00041e90: 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7273 2061 7265 206d dentifiers are m\n+00041ea0: 6174 6368 6564 2061 7320 7261 770a 7374 atched as raw.st\n+00041eb0: 7269 6e67 732c 206e 6f20 6361 6e6f 6e69 rings, no canoni\n+00041ec0: 6361 6c20 6571 7569 7661 6c65 6e63 6520 cal equivalence \n+00041ed0: 6368 6563 6b20 6973 2070 6572 666f 726d check is perform\n+00041ee0: 6564 2e20 2043 6173 652d 696e 7365 6e73 ed. Case-insens\n+00041ef0: 7469 7665 0a69 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7273 tive.identifiers\n+00041f00: 2061 7265 206d 6174 6368 6564 2061 7320 are matched as \n+00041f10: 5241 5720 6275 7420 6164 6469 7469 6f6e RAW but addition\n+00041f20: 616c 6c79 205b 612d 7a5d 2069 7320 6571 ally [a-z] is eq\n+00041f30: 7569 7661 6c65 6e74 2074 6f0a 5b41 2d5a uivalent to.[A-Z\n+00041f40: 5d2e 2047 5255 422d 6465 6669 6e65 6420 ]. GRUB-defined \n+00041f50: 6964 656e 7469 6669 6572 7320 7573 6520 identifiers use \n+00041f60: 6f6e 6c79 2041 5343 4949 2061 6e64 2073 only ASCII and s\n+00041f70: 6f20 7368 6f75 6c64 0a75 7365 722d 6465 o should.user-de\n+00041f80: 6669 6e65 6420 6f6e 6573 2e20 2049 6465 fined ones. Ide\n+00041f90: 6e74 6966 6965 7273 2063 6f6e 7461 696e ntifiers contain\n+00041fa0: 696e 6720 6e6f 6e2d 4153 4349 4920 6d61 ing non-ASCII ma\n+00041fb0: 7920 776f 726b 2062 7574 2061 7265 6e27 y work but aren'\n+00041fc0: 740a 7375 7070 6f72 7465 642e 2020 4f6e t.supported. On\n+00041fd0: 6c79 2074 6865 2041 5343 4949 2073 7061 ly the ASCII spa\n+00041fe0: 6365 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 2873 ce characters (s\n+00041ff0: 7061 6365 2055 2b30 3032 302c 2074 6162 pace U+0020, tab\n+00042000: 2055 2b30 3030 622c 0a43 5220 552b 3030 U+000b,.CR U+00\n+00042010: 3064 2061 6e64 204c 4620 552b 3030 3061 0d and LF U+000a\n+00042020: 2920 6172 6520 7265 636f 676e 6973 6564 ) are recognised\n+00042030: 2e20 204f 7468 6572 2075 6e69 636f 6465 . Other unicode\n+00042040: 2073 7061 6365 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 space character\n+00042050: 730a 6172 656e 2774 2061 2076 616c 6964 s.aren't a valid\n+00042060: 2066 6965 6c64 2073 6570 6172 6174 6f72 field separator\n+00042070: 2e20 20e2 8098 7465 7374 e280 9920 282a . ...test... (*\n+00042080: 6e6f 7465 2074 6573 743a 3a29 2074 6573 note test::) tes\n+00042090: 7473 203c 2c20 3e2c 203c 3d2c 0a3e 3d2c ts <, >, <=,.>=,\n+000420a0: 202d 7067 7420 616e 6420 2d70 6c74 2063 -pgt and -plt c\n+000420b0: 6f6d 7061 7265 2074 6865 2073 7472 696e ompare the strin\n+000420c0: 6773 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6c65 7869 636f gs in the lexico\n+000420d0: 6772 6170 6869 6361 6c20 6f72 6465 7220 graphical order \n+000420e0: 6f66 0a75 6e69 636f 6465 2063 6f64 6570 of.unicode codep\n+000420f0: 6f69 6e74 732c 2072 6570 6c69 6361 7469 oints, replicati\n+00042100: 6e67 2074 6865 2062 6568 6176 696f 7572 ng the behaviour\n+00042110: 206f 6620 7465 7374 2066 726f 6d20 636f of test from co\n+00042120: 7265 7574 696c 732e 0a65 6e76 6972 6f6e reutils..environ\n+00042130: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2061 ment variables a\n+00042140: 6e64 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6172 6520 nd commands are \n+00042150: 6c69 7374 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7361 listed in the sa\n+00042160: 6d65 206f 7264 6572 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c me order.....Fil\n+00042170: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00042180: 6f64 653a 2053 6563 7572 6974 792c 2020 ode: Security, \n+00042190: 4e65 7874 3a20 506c 6174 666f 726d 206c Next: Platform l\n+000421a0: 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 2050 7265 imitations, Pre\n+000421b0: 763a 2049 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c v: International\n+000421c0: 6973 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 546f isation, Up: To\n+000421d0: 700a 0a31 3920 5365 6375 7269 7479 0a2a p..19 Security.*\n+000421e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 2a20 4d65 **********..* Me\n+000421f0: 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2041 7574 6865 6e74 6963 nu:..* Authentic\n+00042200: 6174 696f 6e20 616e 6420 6175 7468 6f72 ation and author\n+00042210: 6973 6174 696f 6e3a 3a20 5573 6572 7320 isation:: Users \n+00042220: 616e 6420 6163 6365 7373 2063 6f6e 7472 and access contr\n+00042230: 6f6c 0a2a 2055 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 ol.* Using digit\n+00042240: 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 733a 3a20 al signatures:: \n+00042250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 426f 6f74 696e 6720 Booting \n+00042260: 6469 6769 7461 6c6c 7920 7369 676e 6564 digitally signed\n+00042270: 2063 6f64 650a 2a20 5545 4649 2073 6563 code.* UEFI sec\n+00042280: 7572 6520 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 2073 6869 ure boot and shi\n+00042290: 6d3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2042 6f6f 7469 m:: Booti\n+000422a0: 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 6c79 2073 6967 ng digitally sig\n+000422b0: 6e65 6420 5045 2066 696c 6573 0a2a 2053 ned PE files.* S\n+000422c0: 6563 7572 6520 426f 6f74 2041 6476 616e ecure Boot Advan\n+000422d0: 6365 6420 5461 7267 6574 696e 673a 3a20 ced Targeting:: \n+000422e0: 2020 456d 6265 6464 6564 2069 6e66 6f72 Embedded infor\n+000422f0: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2067 656e 6572 mation for gener\n+00042300: 6174 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 2062 6173 ation number bas\n+00042310: 6564 2072 6576 6f63 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 ed revocation.* \n+00042320: 4d65 6173 7572 6564 2042 6f6f 743a 3a20 Measured Boot:: \n+00042330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00042340: 2020 204d 6561 7375 7269 6e67 2062 6f6f Measuring boo\n+00042350: 7420 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 0a2a 204c t components.* L\n+00042360: 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e3a 3a20 2020 2020 2020 ockdown:: \n+00042370: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00042380: 2020 4c6f 636b 646f 776e 2077 6865 6e20 Lockdown when \n+00042390: 626f 6f74 696e 6720 6f6e 2061 2073 6563 booting on a sec\n+000423a0: 7572 6520 7365 7475 700a 0a1f 0a46 696c ure setup....Fil\n+000423b0: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+000423c0: 6f64 653a 2041 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 ode: Authenticat\n+000423d0: 696f 6e20 616e 6420 6175 7468 6f72 6973 ion and authoris\n+000423e0: 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5573 ation, Next: Us\n+000423f0: 696e 6720 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e ing digital sign\n+00042400: 6174 7572 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6563 atures, Up: Sec\n+00042410: 7572 6974 790a 0a31 392e 3120 4175 7468 urity..19.1 Auth\n+00042420: 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 2061 entication and a\n+00042430: 7574 686f 7269 7361 7469 6f6e 2069 6e20 uthorisation in \n+00042440: 4752 5542 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d GRUB.===========\n 00042450: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00042460: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n-00042470: 4279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2c20 7468 6520 By default, the \n-00042480: 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 696e 7465 boot loader inte\n-00042490: 7266 6163 6520 6973 2061 6363 6573 7369 rface is accessi\n-000424a0: 626c 6520 746f 2061 6e79 6f6e 6520 7769 ble to anyone wi\n-000424b0: 7468 0a70 6879 7369 6361 6c20 6163 6365 th.physical acce\n-000424c0: 7373 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f 6e73 6f6c ss to the consol\n-000424d0: 653a 2061 6e79 6f6e 6520 6361 6e20 7365 e: anyone can se\n-000424e0: 6c65 6374 2061 6e64 2065 6469 7420 616e lect and edit an\n-000424f0: 7920 6d65 6e75 0a65 6e74 7279 2c20 616e y menu.entry, an\n-00042500: 6420 616e 796f 6e65 2063 616e 2067 6574 d anyone can get\n-00042510: 2064 6972 6563 7420 6163 6365 7373 2074 direct access t\n-00042520: 6f20 6120 4752 5542 2073 6865 6c6c 2070 o a GRUB shell p\n-00042530: 726f 6d70 742e 2020 466f 720a 6d6f 7374 rompt. For.most\n-00042540: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 7468 6973 2069 systems, this i\n-00042550: 7320 7265 6173 6f6e 6162 6c65 2073 696e s reasonable sin\n-00042560: 6365 2061 6e79 6f6e 6520 7769 7468 2064 ce anyone with d\n-00042570: 6972 6563 7420 7068 7973 6963 616c 0a61 irect physical.a\n-00042580: 6363 6573 7320 6861 7320 6120 7661 7269 ccess has a vari\n-00042590: 6574 7920 6f66 206f 7468 6572 2077 6179 ety of other way\n-000425a0: 7320 746f 2067 6169 6e20 6675 6c6c 2061 s to gain full a\n-000425b0: 6363 6573 732c 2061 6e64 2072 6571 7569 ccess, and requi\n-000425c0: 7269 6e67 0a61 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 ring.authenticat\n-000425d0: 696f 6e20 6174 2074 6865 2062 6f6f 7420 ion at the boot \n-000425e0: 6c6f 6164 6572 206c 6576 656c 2077 6f75 loader level wou\n-000425f0: 6c64 206f 6e6c 7920 7365 7276 6520 746f ld only serve to\n-00042600: 206d 616b 6520 6974 0a64 6966 6669 6375 make it.difficu\n-00042610: 6c74 2074 6f20 7265 636f 7665 7220 6272 lt to recover br\n-00042620: 6f6b 656e 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e0a 0a20 oken systems... \n-00042630: 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c 2069 6e20 736f However, in so\n-00042640: 6d65 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 732c me environments,\n-00042650: 2073 7563 6820 6173 206b 696f 736b 732c such as kiosks,\n-00042660: 2069 7420 6d61 7920 6265 2061 7070 726f it may be appro\n-00042670: 7072 6961 7465 0a74 6f20 6c6f 636b 2064 priate.to lock d\n-00042680: 6f77 6e20 7468 6520 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 own the boot loa\n-00042690: 6465 7220 746f 2072 6571 7569 7265 2061 der to require a\n-000426a0: 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f 6e20 6265 uthentication be\n-000426b0: 666f 7265 2070 6572 666f 726d 696e 670a fore performing.\n-000426c0: 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6f70 6572 6174 696f certain operatio\n-000426d0: 6e73 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 e280 9870 ns... The ...p\n-000426e0: 6173 7377 6f72 64e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 assword... (*not\n-000426f0: 6520 7061 7373 776f 7264 3a3a 2920 616e e password::) an\n-00042700: 6420 e280 9870 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 d ...password_pb\n-00042710: 6b64 6632 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 0a70 kdf2... (*note.p\n-00042720: 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 6632 3a3a assword_pbkdf2::\n-00042730: 2920 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2063 616e 2062 ) commands can b\n-00042740: 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6465 6669 6e65 e used to define\n-00042750: 2075 7365 7273 2c20 6561 6368 206f 6620 users, each of \n-00042760: 7768 6963 680a 6861 7320 616e 2061 7373 which.has an ass\n-00042770: 6f63 6961 7465 6420 7061 7373 776f 7264 ociated password\n-00042780: 2e20 20e2 8098 7061 7373 776f 7264 e280 . ...password..\n-00042790: 9920 7365 7473 2074 6865 2070 6173 7377 . sets the passw\n-000427a0: 6f72 6420 696e 2070 6c61 696e 2074 6578 ord in plain tex\n-000427b0: 742c 0a72 6571 7569 7269 6e67 20e2 8098 t,.requiring ...\n-000427c0: 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 746f 2062 grub.cfg... to b\n-000427d0: 6520 7365 6375 7265 3b20 e280 9870 6173 e secure; ...pas\n-000427e0: 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 6632 e280 9920 sword_pbkdf2... \n-000427f0: 7365 7473 2074 6865 2070 6173 7377 6f72 sets the passwor\n-00042800: 640a 6861 7368 6564 2075 7369 6e67 2074 d.hashed using t\n-00042810: 6865 2050 6173 7377 6f72 642d 4261 7365 he Password-Base\n-00042820: 6420 4b65 7920 4465 7269 7661 7469 6f6e d Key Derivation\n-00042830: 2046 756e 6374 696f 6e20 2852 4643 2032 Function (RFC 2\n-00042840: 3839 3829 2c0a 7265 7175 6972 696e 6720 898),.requiring \n-00042850: 7468 6520 7573 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 6772 the use of ...gr\n-00042860: 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 ub-mkpasswd-pbkd\n-00042870: 6632 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 f2... (*note Inv\n-00042880: 6f6b 696e 670a 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 oking.grub-mkpas\n-00042890: 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 3a3a 2920 746f swd-pbkdf2::) to\n-000428a0: 2067 656e 6572 6174 6520 7061 7373 776f generate passwo\n-000428b0: 7264 2068 6173 6865 732e 0a0a 2020 2049 rd hashes... I\n-000428c0: 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 2065 6e61 626c n order to enabl\n-000428d0: 6520 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e e authentication\n-000428e0: 2073 7570 706f 7274 2c20 7468 6520 e280 support, the ..\n-000428f0: 9873 7570 6572 7573 6572 73e2 8099 0a65 .superusers....e\n-00042900: 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 nvironment varia\n-00042910: 626c 6520 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7365 7420 ble must be set \n-00042920: 746f 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2075 7365 to a list of use\n-00042930: 726e 616d 6573 2c20 7365 7061 7261 7465 rnames, separate\n-00042940: 6420 6279 0a61 6e79 206f 6620 7370 6163 d by.any of spac\n-00042950: 6573 2c20 636f 6d6d 6173 2c20 7365 6d69 es, commas, semi\n-00042960: 636f 6c6f 6e73 2c20 7069 7065 732c 206f colons, pipes, o\n-00042970: 7220 616d 7065 7273 616e 6473 2e20 2053 r ampersands. S\n-00042980: 7570 6572 7573 6572 7320 6172 650a 7065 uperusers are.pe\n-00042990: 726d 6974 7465 6420 746f 2075 7365 2074 rmitted to use t\n-000429a0: 6865 2047 5255 4220 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 he GRUB command \n-000429b0: 6c69 6e65 2c20 6564 6974 206d 656e 7520 line, edit menu \n-000429c0: 656e 7472 6965 732c 2061 6e64 2065 7865 entries, and exe\n-000429d0: 6375 7465 0a61 6e79 206d 656e 7520 656e cute.any menu en\n-000429e0: 7472 792e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 7375 7065 try. If ...supe\n-000429f0: 7275 7365 7273 e280 9920 6973 2073 6574 rusers... is set\n-00042a00: 2c20 7468 656e 2075 7365 206f 6620 7468 , then use of th\n-00042a10: 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6c69 6e65 0a61 e command line.a\n-00042a20: 6e64 2065 6469 7469 6e67 206f 6620 6d65 nd editing of me\n-00042a30: 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2061 7265 2061 nu entries are a\n-00042a40: 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2072 6573 utomatically res\n-00042a50: 7472 6963 7465 6420 746f 2073 7570 6572 tricted to super\n-00042a60: 7573 6572 732e 0a53 6574 7469 6e67 20e2 users..Setting .\n-00042a70: 8098 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 e280 9920 ..superusers... \n-00042a80: 746f 2065 6d70 7479 2073 7472 696e 6720 to empty string \n-00042a90: 6566 6665 6374 6976 656c 7920 6469 7361 effectively disa\n-00042aa0: 626c 6573 2062 6f74 6820 6163 6365 7373 bles both access\n-00042ab0: 2074 6f0a 434c 4920 616e 6420 6564 6974 to.CLI and edit\n-00042ac0: 696e 6720 6f66 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 ing of menu entr\n-00042ad0: 6965 732e 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 5468 6520 ies. Note: The \n-00042ae0: 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 environment vari\n-00042af0: 6162 6c65 206e 6565 6473 0a74 6f20 6265 able needs.to be\n-00042b00: 2065 7870 6f72 7465 6420 746f 2061 6c73 exported to als\n-00042b10: 6f20 6166 6665 6374 2074 6865 2073 6563 o affect the sec\n-00042b20: 7469 6f6e 2064 6566 696e 6564 2062 7920 tion defined by \n-00042b30: 7468 6520 e280 9873 7562 6d65 6e75 e280 the ...submenu..\n-00042b40: 990a 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 ..command (*note\n-00042b50: 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 submenu::)... \n-00042b60: 204f 7468 6572 2075 7365 7273 206d 6179 Other users may\n-00042b70: 2062 6520 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 746f 2065 be allowed to e\n-00042b80: 7865 6375 7465 2073 7065 6369 6669 6320 xecute specific \n-00042b90: 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2062 7920 menu entries by \n-00042ba0: 6769 7669 6e67 0a61 206c 6973 7420 6f66 giving.a list of\n-00042bb0: 2075 7365 726e 616d 6573 2028 6173 2061 usernames (as a\n-00042bc0: 626f 7665 2920 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 bove) using the \n-00042bd0: e280 982d 2d75 7365 7273 e280 9920 6f70 ...--users... op\n-00042be0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 7468 650a e280 986d tion to the....m\n-00042bf0: 656e 7565 6e74 7279 e280 9920 636f 6d6d enuentry... comm\n-00042c00: 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 206d 656e 7565 and (*note menue\n-00042c10: 6e74 7279 3a3a 292e 2020 4966 2074 6865 ntry::). If the\n-00042c20: 20e2 8098 2d2d 756e 7265 7374 7269 6374 ...--unrestrict\n-00042c30: 6564 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 0a69 7320 ed... option.is \n-00042c40: 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2061 206d 656e 7520 used for a menu \n-00042c50: 656e 7472 792c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6174 entry, then that\n-00042c60: 2065 6e74 7279 2069 7320 756e 7265 7374 entry is unrest\n-00042c70: 7269 6374 6564 2e20 2049 6620 7468 650a ricted. If the.\n-00042c80: e280 982d 2d75 7365 7273 e280 9920 6f70 ...--users... op\n-00042c90: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7573 6564 tion is not used\n-00042ca0: 2066 6f72 2061 206d 656e 7520 656e 7472 for a menu entr\n-00042cb0: 792c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6174 206f 6e6c y, then that onl\n-00042cc0: 7920 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 0a61 7265 y superusers.are\n-00042cd0: 2061 626c 6520 746f 2075 7365 2069 742e able to use it.\n-00042ce0: 0a0a 2020 2050 7574 7469 6e67 2074 6869 .. Putting thi\n-00042cf0: 7320 746f 6765 7468 6572 2c20 6120 7479 s together, a ty\n-00042d00: 7069 6361 6c20 e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 pical ...grub.cf\n-00042d10: 67e2 8099 2066 7261 676d 656e 7420 6d69 g... fragment mi\n-00042d20: 6768 7420 6c6f 6f6b 206c 696b 650a 7468 ght look like.th\n-00042d30: 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7420 7375 is:.. set su\n-00042d40: 7065 7275 7365 7273 3d22 726f 6f74 220a perusers=\"root\".\n-00042d50: 2020 2020 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 password_pb\n-00042d60: 6b64 6632 2072 6f6f 7420 6772 7562 2e70 kdf2 root grub.p\n-00042d70: 626b 6466 322e 7368 6135 3132 2e31 3030 bkdf2.sha512.100\n-00042d80: 3030 2e62 6967 6c6f 6e67 7374 7269 6e67 00.biglongstring\n-00042d90: 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7373 776f 7264 2075 . password u\n-00042da0: 7365 7231 2069 6e73 6563 7572 650a 0a20 ser1 insecure.. \n-00042db0: 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 7920 224d menuentry \"M\n-00042dc0: 6179 2062 6520 7275 6e20 6279 2061 6e79 ay be run by any\n-00042dd0: 2075 7365 7222 202d 2d75 6e72 6573 7472 user\" --unrestr\n-00042de0: 6963 7465 6420 7b0a 2020 2020 2009 7365 icted {. .se\n-00042df0: 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 6864 302c 3129 0a20 t root=(hd0,1). \n-00042e00: 2020 2020 096c 696e 7578 202f 766d 6c69 .linux /vmli\n-00042e10: 6e75 7a0a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 2020 2020 nuz. }.. \n-00042e20: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 5375 7065 menuentry \"Supe\n-00042e30: 7275 7365 7273 206f 6e6c 7922 202d 2d75 rusers only\" --u\n-00042e40: 7365 7273 2022 2220 7b0a 2020 2020 2009 sers \"\" {. .\n-00042e50: 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 6864 302c 3129 set root=(hd0,1)\n-00042e60: 0a20 2020 2020 096c 696e 7578 202f 766d . .linux /vm\n-00042e70: 6c69 6e75 7a20 7369 6e67 6c65 0a20 2020 linuz single. \n-00042e80: 2020 7d0a 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 656e }.. menuen\n-00042e90: 7472 7920 224d 6179 2062 6520 7275 6e20 try \"May be run \n-00042ea0: 6279 2075 7365 7231 206f 7220 6120 7375 by user1 or a su\n-00042eb0: 7065 7275 7365 7222 202d 2d75 7365 7273 peruser\" --users\n-00042ec0: 2075 7365 7231 207b 0a20 2020 2020 0973 user1 {. .s\n-00042ed0: 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 6430 2c32 290a et root=(hd0,2).\n-00042ee0: 2020 2020 2009 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 .chainloade\n-00042ef0: 7220 2b31 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a 0a20 2020 r +1. }.. \n-00042f00: 5468 6520 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f The ...grub-mkco\n-00042f10: 6e66 6967 e280 9920 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 nfig... program \n-00042f20: 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2079 6574 2068 6176 does not yet hav\n-00042f30: 6520 6275 696c 742d 696e 2073 7570 706f e built-in suppo\n-00042f40: 7274 2066 6f72 0a67 656e 6572 6174 696e rt for.generatin\n-00042f50: 6720 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 g configuration \n-00042f60: 6669 6c65 7320 7769 7468 2061 7574 6865 files with authe\n-00042f70: 6e74 6963 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 596f 7520 ntication. You \n-00042f80: 6361 6e20 7573 650a e280 982f 6574 632f can use..../etc/\n-00042f90: 6772 7562 2e64 2f34 305f 6375 7374 6f6d grub.d/40_custom\n-00042fa0: e280 9920 746f 2061 6464 2073 696d 706c ... to add simpl\n-00042fb0: 6520 7375 7065 7275 7365 7220 6175 7468 e superuser auth\n-00042fc0: 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 6279 0a61 entication, by.a\n-00042fd0: 6464 696e 6720 e280 9873 6574 2073 7570 dding ...set sup\n-00042fe0: 6572 7573 6572 733d e280 9920 616e 6420 erusers=... and \n-00042ff0: e280 9870 6173 7377 6f72 64e2 8099 206f ...password... o\n-00043000: 7220 e280 9870 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 r ...password_pb\n-00043010: 6b64 6632 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 kdf2... commands\n-00043020: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00043030: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2055 7369 info, Node: Usi\n-00043040: 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 ng digital signa\n-00043050: 7475 7265 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5545 tures, Next: UE\n-00043060: 4649 2073 6563 7572 6520 626f 6f74 2061 FI secure boot a\n-00043070: 6e64 2073 6869 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 nd shim, Prev: \n-00043080: 4175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e 2061 Authentication a\n-00043090: 6e64 2061 7574 686f 7269 7361 7469 6f6e nd authorisation\n-000430a0: 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6563 7572 6974 790a , Up: Security.\n-000430b0: 0a31 392e 3220 5573 696e 6720 6469 6769 .19.2 Using digi\n-000430c0: 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 2069 tal signatures i\n-000430d0: 6e20 4752 5542 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d n GRUB.=========\n+00042460: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00042470: 3d3d 0a0a 4279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2c20 ==..By default, \n+00042480: 7468 6520 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 6465 7220 the boot loader \n+00042490: 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 6973 2061 6363 interface is acc\n+000424a0: 6573 7369 626c 6520 746f 2061 6e79 6f6e essible to anyon\n+000424b0: 6520 7769 7468 0a70 6879 7369 6361 6c20 e with.physical \n+000424c0: 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f access to the co\n+000424d0: 6e73 6f6c 653a 2061 6e79 6f6e 6520 6361 nsole: anyone ca\n+000424e0: 6e20 7365 6c65 6374 2061 6e64 2065 6469 n select and edi\n+000424f0: 7420 616e 7920 6d65 6e75 0a65 6e74 7279 t any menu.entry\n+00042500: 2c20 616e 6420 616e 796f 6e65 2063 616e , and anyone can\n+00042510: 2067 6574 2064 6972 6563 7420 6163 6365 get direct acce\n+00042520: 7373 2074 6f20 6120 4752 5542 2073 6865 ss to a GRUB she\n+00042530: 6c6c 2070 726f 6d70 742e 2020 466f 720a ll prompt. For.\n+00042540: 6d6f 7374 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 7468 most systems, th\n+00042550: 6973 2069 7320 7265 6173 6f6e 6162 6c65 is is reasonable\n+00042560: 2073 696e 6365 2061 6e79 6f6e 6520 7769 since anyone wi\n+00042570: 7468 2064 6972 6563 7420 7068 7973 6963 th direct physic\n+00042580: 616c 0a61 6363 6573 7320 6861 7320 6120 al.access has a \n+00042590: 7661 7269 6574 7920 6f66 206f 7468 6572 variety of other\n+000425a0: 2077 6179 7320 746f 2067 6169 6e20 6675 ways to gain fu\n+000425b0: 6c6c 2061 6363 6573 732c 2061 6e64 2072 ll access, and r\n+000425c0: 6571 7569 7269 6e67 0a61 7574 6865 6e74 equiring.authent\n+000425d0: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 6174 2074 6865 2062 ication at the b\n+000425e0: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 206c 6576 656c oot loader level\n+000425f0: 2077 6f75 6c64 206f 6e6c 7920 7365 7276 would only serv\n+00042600: 6520 746f 206d 616b 6520 6974 0a64 6966 e to make it.dif\n+00042610: 6669 6375 6c74 2074 6f20 7265 636f 7665 ficult to recove\n+00042620: 7220 6272 6f6b 656e 2073 7973 7465 6d73 r broken systems\n+00042630: 2e0a 0a20 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c 2069 ... However, i\n+00042640: 6e20 736f 6d65 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 n some environme\n+00042650: 6e74 732c 2073 7563 6820 6173 206b 696f nts, such as kio\n+00042660: 736b 732c 2069 7420 6d61 7920 6265 2061 sks, it may be a\n+00042670: 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 0a74 6f20 6c6f ppropriate.to lo\n+00042680: 636b 2064 6f77 6e20 7468 6520 626f 6f74 ck down the boot\n+00042690: 206c 6f61 6465 7220 746f 2072 6571 7569 loader to requi\n+000426a0: 7265 2061 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f re authenticatio\n+000426b0: 6e20 6265 666f 7265 2070 6572 666f 726d n before perform\n+000426c0: 696e 670a 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6f70 6572 ing.certain oper\n+000426d0: 6174 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 2020 5468 6520 ations... The \n+000426e0: e280 9870 6173 7377 6f72 64e2 8099 2028 ...password... (\n+000426f0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 7061 7373 776f 7264 3a3a *note password::\n+00042700: 2920 616e 6420 e280 9870 6173 7377 6f72 ) and ...passwor\n+00042710: 645f 7062 6b64 6632 e280 9920 282a 6e6f d_pbkdf2... (*no\n+00042720: 7465 0a70 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 te.password_pbkd\n+00042730: 6632 3a3a 2920 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2063 f2::) commands c\n+00042740: 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6465 an be used to de\n+00042750: 6669 6e65 2075 7365 7273 2c20 6561 6368 fine users, each\n+00042760: 206f 6620 7768 6963 680a 6861 7320 616e of which.has an\n+00042770: 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 6420 7061 7373 associated pass\n+00042780: 776f 7264 2e20 20e2 8098 7061 7373 776f word. ...passwo\n+00042790: 7264 e280 9920 7365 7473 2074 6865 2070 rd... sets the p\n+000427a0: 6173 7377 6f72 6420 696e 2070 6c61 696e assword in plain\n+000427b0: 2074 6578 742c 0a72 6571 7569 7269 6e67 text,.requiring\n+000427c0: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2e63 6667 e280 9920 ...grub.cfg... \n+000427d0: 746f 2062 6520 7365 6375 7265 3b20 e280 to be secure; ..\n+000427e0: 9870 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 6632 .password_pbkdf2\n+000427f0: e280 9920 7365 7473 2074 6865 2070 6173 ... sets the pas\n+00042800: 7377 6f72 640a 6861 7368 6564 2075 7369 sword.hashed usi\n+00042810: 6e67 2074 6865 2050 6173 7377 6f72 642d ng the Password-\n+00042820: 4261 7365 6420 4b65 7920 4465 7269 7661 Based Key Deriva\n+00042830: 7469 6f6e 2046 756e 6374 696f 6e20 2852 tion Function (R\n+00042840: 4643 2032 3839 3829 2c0a 7265 7175 6972 FC 2898),.requir\n+00042850: 696e 6720 7468 6520 7573 6520 6f66 20e2 ing the use of .\n+00042860: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d ..grub-mkpasswd-\n+00042870: 7062 6b64 6632 e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 pbkdf2... (*note\n+00042880: 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 670a 6772 7562 2d6d Invoking.grub-m\n+00042890: 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 3a3a kpasswd-pbkdf2::\n+000428a0: 2920 746f 2067 656e 6572 6174 6520 7061 ) to generate pa\n+000428b0: 7373 776f 7264 2068 6173 6865 732e 0a0a ssword hashes...\n+000428c0: 2020 2049 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 2065 In order to e\n+000428d0: 6e61 626c 6520 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 nable authentica\n+000428e0: 7469 6f6e 2073 7570 706f 7274 2c20 7468 tion support, th\n+000428f0: 6520 e280 9873 7570 6572 7573 6572 73e2 e ...superusers.\n+00042900: 8099 0a65 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 ...environment v\n+00042910: 6172 6961 626c 6520 6d75 7374 2062 6520 ariable must be \n+00042920: 7365 7420 746f 2061 206c 6973 7420 6f66 set to a list of\n+00042930: 2075 7365 726e 616d 6573 2c20 7365 7061 usernames, sepa\n+00042940: 7261 7465 6420 6279 0a61 6e79 206f 6620 rated by.any of \n+00042950: 7370 6163 6573 2c20 636f 6d6d 6173 2c20 spaces, commas, \n+00042960: 7365 6d69 636f 6c6f 6e73 2c20 7069 7065 semicolons, pipe\n+00042970: 732c 206f 7220 616d 7065 7273 616e 6473 s, or ampersands\n+00042980: 2e20 2053 7570 6572 7573 6572 7320 6172 . Superusers ar\n+00042990: 650a 7065 726d 6974 7465 6420 746f 2075 e.permitted to u\n+000429a0: 7365 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 636f 6d6d se the GRUB comm\n+000429b0: 616e 6420 6c69 6e65 2c20 6564 6974 206d and line, edit m\n+000429c0: 656e 7520 656e 7472 6965 732c 2061 6e64 enu entries, and\n+000429d0: 2065 7865 6375 7465 0a61 6e79 206d 656e execute.any men\n+000429e0: 7520 656e 7472 792e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 u entry. If ...\n+000429f0: 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 e280 9920 6973 superusers... is\n+00042a00: 2073 6574 2c20 7468 656e 2075 7365 206f set, then use o\n+00042a10: 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6c69 f the command li\n+00042a20: 6e65 0a61 6e64 2065 6469 7469 6e67 206f ne.and editing o\n+00042a30: 6620 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2061 f menu entries a\n+00042a40: 7265 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 re automatically\n+00042a50: 2072 6573 7472 6963 7465 6420 746f 2073 restricted to s\n+00042a60: 7570 6572 7573 6572 732e 0a53 6574 7469 uperusers..Setti\n+00042a70: 6e67 20e2 8098 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 ng ...superusers\n+00042a80: e280 9920 746f 2065 6d70 7479 2073 7472 ... to empty str\n+00042a90: 696e 6720 6566 6665 6374 6976 656c 7920 ing effectively \n+00042aa0: 6469 7361 626c 6573 2062 6f74 6820 6163 disables both ac\n+00042ab0: 6365 7373 2074 6f0a 434c 4920 616e 6420 cess to.CLI and \n+00042ac0: 6564 6974 696e 6720 6f66 206d 656e 7520 editing of menu \n+00042ad0: 656e 7472 6965 732e 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 entries. Note: \n+00042ae0: 5468 6520 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 The environment \n+00042af0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 206e 6565 6473 0a74 variable needs.t\n+00042b00: 6f20 6265 2065 7870 6f72 7465 6420 746f o be exported to\n+00042b10: 2061 6c73 6f20 6166 6665 6374 2074 6865 also affect the\n+00042b20: 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2064 6566 696e 6564 section defined\n+00042b30: 2062 7920 7468 6520 e280 9873 7562 6d65 by the ...subme\n+00042b40: 6e75 e280 990a 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a nu....command (*\n+00042b50: 6e6f 7465 2073 7562 6d65 6e75 3a3a 292e note submenu::).\n+00042b60: 0a0a 2020 204f 7468 6572 2075 7365 7273 .. Other users\n+00042b70: 206d 6179 2062 6520 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 may be allowed \n+00042b80: 746f 2065 7865 6375 7465 2073 7065 6369 to execute speci\n+00042b90: 6669 6320 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7269 6573 fic menu entries\n+00042ba0: 2062 7920 6769 7669 6e67 0a61 206c 6973 by giving.a lis\n+00042bb0: 7420 6f66 2075 7365 726e 616d 6573 2028 t of usernames (\n+00042bc0: 6173 2061 626f 7665 2920 7573 696e 6720 as above) using \n+00042bd0: 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d75 7365 7273 e280 the ...--users..\n+00042be0: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 7468 650a . option to the.\n+00042bf0: e280 986d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 e280 9920 ...menuentry... \n+00042c00: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 206d command (*note m\n+00042c10: 656e 7565 6e74 7279 3a3a 292e 2020 4966 enuentry::). If\n+00042c20: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 756e 7265 7374 the ...--unrest\n+00042c30: 7269 6374 6564 e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e ricted... option\n+00042c40: 0a69 7320 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2061 206d .is used for a m\n+00042c50: 656e 7520 656e 7472 792c 2074 6865 6e20 enu entry, then \n+00042c60: 7468 6174 2065 6e74 7279 2069 7320 756e that entry is un\n+00042c70: 7265 7374 7269 6374 6564 2e20 2049 6620 restricted. If \n+00042c80: 7468 650a e280 982d 2d75 7365 7273 e280 the....--users..\n+00042c90: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 . option is not \n+00042ca0: 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2061 206d 656e 7520 used for a menu \n+00042cb0: 656e 7472 792c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6174 entry, then that\n+00042cc0: 206f 6e6c 7920 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 only superusers\n+00042cd0: 0a61 7265 2061 626c 6520 746f 2075 7365 .are able to use\n+00042ce0: 2069 742e 0a0a 2020 2050 7574 7469 6e67 it... Putting\n+00042cf0: 2074 6869 7320 746f 6765 7468 6572 2c20 this together, \n+00042d00: 6120 7479 7069 6361 6c20 e280 9867 7275 a typical ...gru\n+00042d10: 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2066 7261 676d 656e b.cfg... fragmen\n+00042d20: 7420 6d69 6768 7420 6c6f 6f6b 206c 696b t might look lik\n+00042d30: 650a 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 7365 e.this:.. se\n+00042d40: 7420 7375 7065 7275 7365 7273 3d22 726f t superusers=\"ro\n+00042d50: 6f74 220a 2020 2020 2070 6173 7377 6f72 ot\". passwor\n+00042d60: 645f 7062 6b64 6632 2072 6f6f 7420 6772 d_pbkdf2 root gr\n+00042d70: 7562 2e70 626b 6466 322e 7368 6135 3132 ub.pbkdf2.sha512\n+00042d80: 2e31 3030 3030 2e62 6967 6c6f 6e67 7374 .10000.biglongst\n+00042d90: 7269 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7373 776f ring. passwo\n+00042da0: 7264 2075 7365 7231 2069 6e73 6563 7572 rd user1 insecur\n+00042db0: 650a 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 e.. menuentr\n+00042dc0: 7920 224d 6179 2062 6520 7275 6e20 6279 y \"May be run by\n+00042dd0: 2061 6e79 2075 7365 7222 202d 2d75 6e72 any user\" --unr\n+00042de0: 6573 7472 6963 7465 6420 7b0a 2020 2020 estricted {. \n+00042df0: 2009 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 6864 302c .set root=(hd0,\n+00042e00: 3129 0a20 2020 2020 096c 696e 7578 202f 1). .linux /\n+00042e10: 766d 6c69 6e75 7a0a 2020 2020 207d 0a0a vmlinuz. }..\n+00042e20: 2020 2020 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 2022 menuentry \"\n+00042e30: 5375 7065 7275 7365 7273 206f 6e6c 7922 Superusers only\"\n+00042e40: 202d 2d75 7365 7273 2022 2220 7b0a 2020 --users \"\" {. \n+00042e50: 2020 2009 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 6864 .set root=(hd\n+00042e60: 302c 3129 0a20 2020 2020 096c 696e 7578 0,1). .linux\n+00042e70: 202f 766d 6c69 6e75 7a20 7369 6e67 6c65 /vmlinuz single\n+00042e80: 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 . }.. me\n+00042e90: 6e75 656e 7472 7920 224d 6179 2062 6520 nuentry \"May be \n+00042ea0: 7275 6e20 6279 2075 7365 7231 206f 7220 run by user1 or \n+00042eb0: 6120 7375 7065 7275 7365 7222 202d 2d75 a superuser\" --u\n+00042ec0: 7365 7273 2075 7365 7231 207b 0a20 2020 sers user1 {. \n+00042ed0: 2020 0973 6574 2072 6f6f 743d 2868 6430 .set root=(hd0\n+00042ee0: 2c32 290a 2020 2020 2009 6368 6169 6e6c ,2). .chainl\n+00042ef0: 6f61 6465 7220 2b31 0a20 2020 2020 7d0a oader +1. }.\n+00042f00: 0a20 2020 5468 6520 e280 9867 7275 622d . The ...grub-\n+00042f10: 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 7072 6f67 mkconfig... prog\n+00042f20: 7261 6d20 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2079 6574 ram does not yet\n+00042f30: 2068 6176 6520 6275 696c 742d 696e 2073 have built-in s\n+00042f40: 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 0a67 656e 6572 upport for.gener\n+00042f50: 6174 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 ating configurat\n+00042f60: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 7769 7468 2061 ion files with a\n+00042f70: 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 uthentication. \n+00042f80: 596f 7520 6361 6e20 7573 650a e280 982f You can use..../\n+00042f90: 6574 632f 6772 7562 2e64 2f34 305f 6375 etc/grub.d/40_cu\n+00042fa0: 7374 6f6d e280 9920 746f 2061 6464 2073 stom... to add s\n+00042fb0: 696d 706c 6520 7375 7065 7275 7365 7220 imple superuser \n+00042fc0: 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 authentication, \n+00042fd0: 6279 0a61 6464 696e 6720 e280 9873 6574 by.adding ...set\n+00042fe0: 2073 7570 6572 7573 6572 733d e280 9920 superusers=... \n+00042ff0: 616e 6420 e280 9870 6173 7377 6f72 64e2 and ...password.\n+00043000: 8099 206f 7220 e280 9870 6173 7377 6f72 .. or ...passwor\n+00043010: 645f 7062 6b64 6632 e280 9920 636f 6d6d d_pbkdf2... comm\n+00043020: 616e 6473 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 ands.....File: g\n+00043030: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00043040: 2055 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 Using digital s\n+00043050: 6967 6e61 7475 7265 732c 2020 4e65 7874 ignatures, Next\n+00043060: 3a20 5545 4649 2073 6563 7572 6520 626f : UEFI secure bo\n+00043070: 6f74 2061 6e64 2073 6869 6d2c 2020 5072 ot and shim, Pr\n+00043080: 6576 3a20 4175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7469 ev: Authenticati\n+00043090: 6f6e 2061 6e64 2061 7574 686f 7269 7361 on and authorisa\n+000430a0: 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6563 7572 tion, Up: Secur\n+000430b0: 6974 790a 0a31 392e 3220 5573 696e 6720 ity..19.2 Using \n+000430c0: 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 7572 digital signatur\n+000430d0: 6573 2069 6e20 4752 5542 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d es in GRUB.=====\n 000430e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000430f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4752 ============..GR\n-00043100: 5542 2773 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 UB's ...core.img\n-00043110: e280 9920 6361 6e20 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c ... can optional\n-00043120: 6c79 2070 726f 7669 6465 2065 6e66 6f72 ly provide enfor\n-00043130: 6365 6d65 6e74 2074 6861 7420 616c 6c20 cement that all \n-00043140: 6669 6c65 730a 7375 6273 6571 7565 6e74 files.subsequent\n-00043150: 6c79 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 2064 6973 ly read from dis\n-00043160: 6b20 6172 6520 636f 7665 7265 6420 6279 k are covered by\n-00043170: 2061 2076 616c 6964 2064 6967 6974 616c a valid digital\n-00043180: 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 2e0a 5468 6973 signature..This\n-00043190: 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 646f 6573 202a document does *\n-000431a0: 6e6f 742a 2063 6f76 6572 2068 6f77 2074 not* cover how t\n-000431b0: 6f20 656e 7375 7265 2074 6861 7420 796f o ensure that yo\n-000431c0: 7572 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d27 730a 6669 ur platform's.fi\n-000431d0: 726d 7761 7265 2028 652e 672e 2c20 436f rmware (e.g., Co\n-000431e0: 7265 626f 6f74 2920 7661 6c69 6461 7465 reboot) validate\n-000431f0: 7320 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 s ...core.img...\n-00043200: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e ... If environ\n-00043210: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 ment variable ..\n-00043220: 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 .check_signature\n-00043230: 73e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 6368 6563 s... (*note chec\n-00043240: 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3a3a 290a k_signatures::).\n-00043250: 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 9865 6e66 is set to ...enf\n-00043260: 6f72 6365 e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 6576 orce..., then ev\n-00043270: 6572 7920 6174 7465 6d70 7420 6279 2074 ery attempt by t\n-00043280: 6865 2047 5255 4220 e280 9863 6f72 652e he GRUB ...core.\n-00043290: 696d 67e2 8099 2074 6f20 6c6f 6164 0a61 img... to load.a\n-000432a0: 6e6f 7468 6572 2066 696c 6520 e280 9866 nother file ...f\n-000432b0: 6f6f e280 9920 696d 706c 6963 6974 6c79 oo... implicitly\n-000432c0: 2069 6e76 6f6b 6573 20e2 8098 7665 7269 invokes ...veri\n-000432d0: 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 6420 666f 6f20 fy_detached foo \n-000432e0: 666f 6f2e 7369 67e2 8099 0a28 2a6e 6f74 foo.sig....(*not\n-000432f0: 6520 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 e verify_detache\n-00043300: 643a 3a29 2e20 20e2 8098 666f 6f2e 7369 d::). ...foo.si\n-00043310: 67e2 8099 206d 7573 7420 636f 6e74 6169 g... must contai\n-00043320: 6e20 6120 7661 6c69 6420 6469 6769 7461 n a valid digita\n-00043330: 6c0a 7369 676e 6174 7572 6520 6f76 6572 l.signature over\n-00043340: 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 the contents of\n-00043350: 20e2 8098 666f 6fe2 8099 2c20 7768 6963 ...foo..., whic\n-00043360: 6820 6361 6e20 6265 2076 6572 6966 6965 h can be verifie\n-00043370: 6420 7769 7468 2061 0a70 7562 6c69 6320 d with a.public \n-00043380: 6b65 7920 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 7472 key currently tr\n-00043390: 7573 7465 6420 6279 2047 5255 4220 282a usted by GRUB (*\n-000433a0: 6e6f 7465 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 note list_truste\n-000433b0: 643a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 0a74 7275 7374 d::, *note.trust\n-000433c0: 3a3a 2c20 616e 6420 2a6e 6f74 6520 6469 ::, and *note di\n-000433d0: 7374 7275 7374 3a3a 292e 2020 4966 2076 strust::). If v\n-000433e0: 616c 6964 6174 696f 6e20 6661 696c 732c alidation fails,\n-000433f0: 2074 6865 6e20 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 666f then file ...fo\n-00043400: 6fe2 8099 0a63 616e 6e6f 7420 6265 206f o....cannot be o\n-00043410: 7065 6e65 642e 2020 5468 6973 2066 6169 pened. This fai\n-00043420: 6c75 7265 206d 6179 2068 616c 7420 6f72 lure may halt or\n-00043430: 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2069 6d70 6163 otherwise impac\n-00043440: 7420 7468 6520 626f 6f74 0a70 726f 6365 t the boot.proce\n-00043450: 7373 2e0a 0a20 2020 416e 2069 6e69 7469 ss... An initi\n-00043460: 616c 2074 7275 7374 6564 2070 7562 6c69 al trusted publi\n-00043470: 6320 6b65 7920 6361 6e20 6265 2065 6d62 c key can be emb\n-00043480: 6564 6465 6420 7769 7468 696e 2074 6865 edded within the\n-00043490: 2047 5255 420a e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d GRUB....core.im\n-000434a0: 67e2 8099 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 g... using the .\n-000434b0: 8098 2d2d 7075 626b 6579 e280 9920 6f70 ..--pubkey... op\n-000434c0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 e280 9867 7275 622d tion to ...grub-\n-000434d0: 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 install... (*not\n-000434e0: 6520 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 0a67 7275 622d e Invoking.grub-\n-000434f0: 696e 7374 616c 6c3a 3a29 2e0a 0a20 2020 install::)... \n-00043500: 4752 5542 2075 7365 7320 4750 472d 7374 GRUB uses GPG-st\n-00043510: 796c 6520 6465 7461 6368 6564 2073 6967 yle detached sig\n-00043520: 6e61 7475 7265 7320 286d 6561 6e69 6e67 natures (meaning\n-00043530: 2074 6861 7420 6120 6669 6c65 0ae2 8098 that a file....\n-00043540: 666f 6f2e 7369 67e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 foo.sig... will \n-00043550: 6265 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 7768 656e be produced when\n-00043560: 2066 696c 6520 e280 9866 6f6f e280 9920 file ...foo... \n-00043570: 6973 2073 6967 6e65 6429 2c20 616e 6420 is signed), and \n-00043580: 6375 7272 656e 746c 790a 7375 7070 6f72 currently.suppor\n-00043590: 7473 2074 6865 2044 5341 2061 6e64 2052 ts the DSA and R\n-000435a0: 5341 2073 6967 6e69 6e67 2061 6c67 6f72 SA signing algor\n-000435b0: 6974 686d 732e 2020 4120 7369 676e 696e ithms. A signin\n-000435c0: 6720 6b65 7920 6361 6e20 6265 0a67 656e g key can be.gen\n-000435d0: 6572 6174 6564 2061 7320 666f 6c6c 6f77 erated as follow\n-000435e0: 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7067 202d 2d67 s:.. gpg --g\n-000435f0: 656e 2d6b 6579 0a0a 2020 2041 6e20 696e en-key.. An in\n-00043600: 6469 7669 6475 616c 2066 696c 6520 6361 dividual file ca\n-00043610: 6e20 6265 2073 6967 6e65 6420 6173 2066 n be signed as f\n-00043620: 6f6c 6c6f 7773 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6770 ollows:.. gp\n-00043630: 6720 2d2d 6465 7461 6368 2d73 6967 6e20 g --detach-sign \n-00043640: 2f70 6174 682f 746f 2f66 696c 650a 0a20 /path/to/file.. \n-00043650: 2020 466f 7220 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c For successful\n-00043660: 2076 616c 6964 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 validation of a\n-00043670: 6c6c 206f 6620 4752 5542 2773 2073 7562 ll of GRUB's sub\n-00043680: 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 2061 6e64 2074 components and t\n-00043690: 6865 0a6c 6f61 6465 6420 4f53 206b 6572 he.loaded OS ker\n-000436a0: 6e65 6c2c 2074 6865 7920 6d75 7374 2061 nel, they must a\n-000436b0: 6c6c 2062 6520 7369 676e 6564 2e20 204f ll be signed. O\n-000436c0: 6e65 2077 6179 2074 6f20 6163 636f 6d70 ne way to accomp\n-000436d0: 6c69 7368 2074 6869 730a 6973 2074 6865 lish this.is the\n-000436e0: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2028 6166 7465 following (afte\n-000436f0: 7220 6861 7669 6e67 2061 6c72 6561 6479 r having already\n-00043700: 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 7468 6520 6465 produced the de\n-00043710: 7369 7265 6420 e280 9867 7275 622e 6366 sired ...grub.cf\n-00043720: 67e2 8099 0a66 696c 652c 2065 2e67 2e2c g....file, e.g.,\n-00043730: 2062 7920 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 e280 9867 by running ...g\n-00043740: 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 rub-mkconfig... \n-00043750: 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (*note Invoking \n-00043760: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a 3a29 grub-mkconfig::)\n-00043770: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 4564 6974 202f :.. # Edit /\n-00043780: 6465 762f 7368 6d2f 7061 7373 7068 7261 dev/shm/passphra\n-00043790: 7365 2e74 7874 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 6169 se.txt to contai\n-000437a0: 6e20 796f 7572 2073 6967 6e69 6e67 206b n your signing k\n-000437b0: 6579 2773 2070 6173 7370 6872 6173 650a ey's passphrase.\n-000437c0: 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2069 2069 6e20 6066 for i in `f\n-000437d0: 696e 6420 2f62 6f6f 7420 2d6e 616d 6520 ind /boot -name \n-000437e0: 222a 2e63 6667 2220 2d6f 7220 2d6e 616d \"*.cfg\" -or -nam\n-000437f0: 6520 222a 2e6c 7374 2220 2d6f 7220 5c0a e \"*.lst\" -or \\.\n-00043800: 2020 2020 2020 202d 6e61 6d65 2022 2a2e -name \"*.\n-00043810: 6d6f 6422 202d 6f72 202d 6e61 6d65 2022 mod\" -or -name \"\n-00043820: 766d 6c69 6e75 7a2a 2220 2d6f 7220 2d6e vmlinuz*\" -or -n\n-00043830: 616d 6520 2269 6e69 7472 642a 2220 2d6f ame \"initrd*\" -o\n-00043840: 7220 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 202d 6e61 6d65 r \\. -name\n-00043850: 2022 6772 7562 656e 7622 603b 0a20 2020 \"grubenv\"`;. \n-00043860: 2020 646f 0a20 2020 2020 2020 6770 6720 do. gpg \n-00043870: 2d2d 6261 7463 6820 2d2d 6465 7461 6368 --batch --detach\n-00043880: 2d73 6967 6e20 2d2d 7061 7373 7068 7261 -sign --passphra\n-00043890: 7365 2d66 6420 3020 2469 203c 205c 0a20 se-fd 0 $i < \\. \n-000438a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2f64 6576 2f73 686d /dev/shm\n-000438b0: 2f70 6173 7370 6872 6173 652e 7478 740a /passphrase.txt.\n-000438c0: 2020 2020 2064 6f6e 650a 2020 2020 2073 done. s\n-000438d0: 6872 6564 202f 6465 762f 7368 6d2f 7061 hred /dev/shm/pa\n-000438e0: 7373 7068 7261 7365 2e74 7874 0a0a 2020 ssphrase.txt.. \n-000438f0: 2053 6565 2061 6c73 6f3a 202a 6e6f 7465 See also: *note\n-00043900: 2063 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 check_signature\n-00043910: 733a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 2076 6572 6966 s::, *note verif\n-00043920: 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 3a3a 2c20 2a6e y_detached::, *n\n-00043930: 6f74 650a 7472 7573 743a 3a2c 202a 6e6f ote.trust::, *no\n-00043940: 7465 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 643a te list_trusted:\n-00043950: 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 2064 6973 7472 7573 :, *note distrus\n-00043960: 743a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 206c 6f61 645f t::, *note load_\n-00043970: 656e 763a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 0a73 6176 env::, *note.sav\n-00043980: 655f 656e 763a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 204e 6f74 e_env::... Not\n-00043990: 6520 7468 6174 2069 6e74 6572 6e61 6c6c e that internall\n-000439a0: 7920 7369 676e 6174 7572 6520 656e 666f y signature enfo\n-000439b0: 7263 656d 656e 7420 6973 2063 6f6e 7472 rcement is contr\n-000439c0: 6f6c 6c65 6420 6279 2073 6574 7469 6e67 olled by setting\n-000439d0: 0a74 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 .the environment\n-000439e0: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 9863 6865 variable ...che\n-000439f0: 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 73e2 8099 ck_signatures...\n-00043a00: 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f20 e280 9865 6e66 equal to ...enf\n-00043a10: 6f72 6365 e280 992e 2020 5061 7373 696e orce.... Passin\n-00043a20: 670a 6f6e 6520 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 e280 g.one or more ..\n-00043a30: 982d 2d70 7562 6b65 79e2 8099 206f 7074 .--pubkey... opt\n-00043a40: 696f 6e73 2074 6f20 e280 9867 7275 622d ions to ...grub-\n-00043a50: 6d6b 696d 6167 65e2 8099 2069 6d70 6c69 mkimage... impli\n-00043a60: 6369 746c 7920 6465 6669 6e65 730a e280 citly defines...\n-00043a70: 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 .check_signature\n-00043a80: 73e2 8099 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f20 e280 s... equal to ..\n-00043a90: 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 9920 696e 20e2 .enforce... in .\n-00043aa0: 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 7072 ..core.img... pr\n-00043ab0: 696f 7220 746f 2070 726f 6365 7373 696e ior to processin\n-00043ac0: 670a 616e 7920 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 g.any configurat\n-00043ad0: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 732e 0a0a 2020 204e ion files... N\n-00043ae0: 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2073 6967 6e61 7475 ote that signatu\n-00043af0: 7265 2063 6865 636b 696e 6720 646f 6573 re checking does\n-00043b00: 202a 6e6f 742a 2070 7265 7665 6e74 2061 *not* prevent a\n-00043b10: 6e20 6174 7461 636b 6572 2077 6974 680a n attacker with.\n-00043b20: 2873 6572 6961 6c2c 2070 6879 7369 6361 (serial, physica\n-00043b30: 6c2c 202e 2e2e 2920 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 l, ...) console\n-00043b40: 2061 6363 6573 7320 6672 6f6d 2064 726f access from dro\n-00043b50: 7070 696e 6720 6d61 6e75 616c 6c79 2074 pping manually t\n-00043b60: 6f20 7468 650a 4752 5542 2063 6f6e 736f o the.GRUB conso\n-00043b70: 6c65 2061 6e64 2065 7865 6375 7469 6e67 le and executing\n-00043b80: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7420 6368 6563 :.. set chec\n-00043b90: 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 3d6e 6f0a k_signatures=no.\n-00043ba0: 0a20 2020 546f 2070 7265 7665 6e74 2074 . To prevent t\n-00043bb0: 6869 732c 2070 6173 7377 6f72 642d 7072 his, password-pr\n-00043bc0: 6f74 6563 7469 6f6e 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 otection (*note \n-00043bd0: 4175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7469 6f6e 2061 Authentication a\n-00043be0: 6e64 0a61 7574 686f 7269 7361 7469 6f6e nd.authorisation\n-00043bf0: 3a3a 2920 6973 2065 7373 656e 7469 616c ::) is essential\n-00043c00: 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2065 7665 . Note that eve\n-00043c10: 6e20 7769 7468 2047 5255 4220 7061 7373 n with GRUB pass\n-00043c20: 776f 7264 0a70 726f 7465 6374 696f 6e2c word.protection,\n-00043c30: 2047 5255 4220 6974 7365 6c66 2063 616e GRUB itself can\n-00043c40: 6e6f 7420 7072 6576 656e 7420 736f 6d65 not prevent some\n-00043c50: 6f6e 6520 7769 7468 2070 6879 7369 6361 one with physica\n-00043c60: 6c20 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f0a 7468 6520 l access to.the \n-00043c70: 6d61 6368 696e 6520 6672 6f6d 2061 6c74 machine from alt\n-00043c80: 6572 696e 6720 7468 6174 206d 6163 6869 ering that machi\n-00043c90: 6e65 2773 2066 6972 6d77 6172 6520 2865 ne's firmware (e\n-00043ca0: 2e67 2e2c 2043 6f72 6562 6f6f 7420 6f72 .g., Coreboot or\n-00043cb0: 0a42 494f 5329 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 .BIOS) configura\n-00043cc0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 6361 7573 6520 7468 tion to cause th\n-00043cd0: 6520 6d61 6368 696e 6520 746f 2062 6f6f e machine to boo\n-00043ce0: 7420 6672 6f6d 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 t from a differe\n-00043cf0: 6e74 0a28 6174 7461 636b 6572 2d63 6f6e nt.(attacker-con\n-00043d00: 7472 6f6c 6c65 6429 2064 6576 6963 652e trolled) device.\n-00043d10: 2020 4752 5542 2069 7320 6174 2062 6573 GRUB is at bes\n-00043d20: 7420 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e65 206c 696e 6b20 t only one link \n-00043d30: 696e 2061 2073 6563 7572 650a 626f 6f74 in a secure.boot\n-00043d40: 2063 6861 696e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a chain.....File:\n-00043d50: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-00043d60: 653a 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 2062 e: UEFI secure b\n-00043d70: 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7368 696d 2c20 204e oot and shim, N\n-00043d80: 6578 743a 2053 6563 7572 6520 426f 6f74 ext: Secure Boot\n-00043d90: 2041 6476 616e 6365 6420 5461 7267 6574 Advanced Target\n-00043da0: 696e 672c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5573 696e ing, Prev: Usin\n-00043db0: 6720 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 676e 6174 g digital signat\n-00043dc0: 7572 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6563 7572 ures, Up: Secur\n-00043dd0: 6974 790a 0a31 392e 3320 5545 4649 2073 ity..19.3 UEFI s\n-00043de0: 6563 7572 6520 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 2073 ecure boot and s\n-00043df0: 6869 6d20 7375 7070 6f72 740a 3d3d 3d3d him support.====\n+000430f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00043100: 0a0a 4752 5542 2773 20e2 8098 636f 7265 ..GRUB's ...core\n+00043110: 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 6361 6e20 6f70 7469 .img... can opti\n+00043120: 6f6e 616c 6c79 2070 726f 7669 6465 2065 onally provide e\n+00043130: 6e66 6f72 6365 6d65 6e74 2074 6861 7420 nforcement that \n+00043140: 616c 6c20 6669 6c65 730a 7375 6273 6571 all files.subseq\n+00043150: 7565 6e74 6c79 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d uently read from\n+00043160: 2064 6973 6b20 6172 6520 636f 7665 7265 disk are covere\n+00043170: 6420 6279 2061 2076 616c 6964 2064 6967 d by a valid dig\n+00043180: 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 2e0a ital signature..\n+00043190: 5468 6973 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 646f This document do\n+000431a0: 6573 202a 6e6f 742a 2063 6f76 6572 2068 es *not* cover h\n+000431b0: 6f77 2074 6f20 656e 7375 7265 2074 6861 ow to ensure tha\n+000431c0: 7420 796f 7572 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d27 t your platform'\n+000431d0: 730a 6669 726d 7761 7265 2028 652e 672e s.firmware (e.g.\n+000431e0: 2c20 436f 7265 626f 6f74 2920 7661 6c69 , Coreboot) vali\n+000431f0: 6461 7465 7320 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d dates ...core.im\n+00043200: 67e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2065 6e76 g...... If env\n+00043210: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n+00043220: 6520 e280 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 e ...check_signa\n+00043230: 7475 7265 73e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 tures... (*note \n+00043240: 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 check_signatures\n+00043250: 3a3a 290a 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 e280 ::).is set to ..\n+00043260: 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 992c 2074 6865 .enforce..., the\n+00043270: 6e20 6576 6572 7920 6174 7465 6d70 7420 n every attempt \n+00043280: 6279 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 e280 9863 by the GRUB ...c\n+00043290: 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2074 6f20 6c6f ore.img... to lo\n+000432a0: 6164 0a61 6e6f 7468 6572 2066 696c 6520 ad.another file \n+000432b0: e280 9866 6f6f e280 9920 696d 706c 6963 ...foo... implic\n+000432c0: 6974 6c79 2069 6e76 6f6b 6573 20e2 8098 itly invokes ...\n+000432d0: 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 6420 verify_detached \n+000432e0: 666f 6f20 666f 6f2e 7369 67e2 8099 0a28 foo foo.sig....(\n+000432f0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 7665 7269 6679 5f64 6574 *note verify_det\n+00043300: 6163 6865 643a 3a29 2e20 20e2 8098 666f ached::). ...fo\n+00043310: 6f2e 7369 67e2 8099 206d 7573 7420 636f o.sig... must co\n+00043320: 6e74 6169 6e20 6120 7661 6c69 6420 6469 ntain a valid di\n+00043330: 6769 7461 6c0a 7369 676e 6174 7572 6520 gital.signature \n+00043340: 6f76 6572 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 over the content\n+00043350: 7320 6f66 20e2 8098 666f 6fe2 8099 2c20 s of ...foo..., \n+00043360: 7768 6963 6820 6361 6e20 6265 2076 6572 which can be ver\n+00043370: 6966 6965 6420 7769 7468 2061 0a70 7562 ified with a.pub\n+00043380: 6c69 6320 6b65 7920 6375 7272 656e 746c lic key currentl\n+00043390: 7920 7472 7573 7465 6420 6279 2047 5255 y trusted by GRU\n+000433a0: 4220 282a 6e6f 7465 206c 6973 745f 7472 B (*note list_tr\n+000433b0: 7573 7465 643a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 0a74 usted::, *note.t\n+000433c0: 7275 7374 3a3a 2c20 616e 6420 2a6e 6f74 rust::, and *not\n+000433d0: 6520 6469 7374 7275 7374 3a3a 292e 2020 e distrust::). \n+000433e0: 4966 2076 616c 6964 6174 696f 6e20 6661 If validation fa\n+000433f0: 696c 732c 2074 6865 6e20 6669 6c65 20e2 ils, then file .\n+00043400: 8098 666f 6fe2 8099 0a63 616e 6e6f 7420 ..foo....cannot \n+00043410: 6265 206f 7065 6e65 642e 2020 5468 6973 be opened. This\n+00043420: 2066 6169 6c75 7265 206d 6179 2068 616c failure may hal\n+00043430: 7420 6f72 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2069 t or otherwise i\n+00043440: 6d70 6163 7420 7468 6520 626f 6f74 0a70 mpact the boot.p\n+00043450: 726f 6365 7373 2e0a 0a20 2020 416e 2069 rocess... An i\n+00043460: 6e69 7469 616c 2074 7275 7374 6564 2070 nitial trusted p\n+00043470: 7562 6c69 6320 6b65 7920 6361 6e20 6265 ublic key can be\n+00043480: 2065 6d62 6564 6465 6420 7769 7468 696e embedded within\n+00043490: 2074 6865 2047 5255 420a e280 9863 6f72 the GRUB....cor\n+000434a0: 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2075 7369 6e67 2074 e.img... using t\n+000434b0: 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d 7075 626b 6579 e280 he ...--pubkey..\n+000434c0: 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 e280 9867 . option to ...g\n+000434d0: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2028 rub-install... (\n+000434e0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 0a67 *note Invoking.g\n+000434f0: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c3a 3a29 2e0a rub-install::)..\n+00043500: 0a20 2020 4752 5542 2075 7365 7320 4750 . GRUB uses GP\n+00043510: 472d 7374 796c 6520 6465 7461 6368 6564 G-style detached\n+00043520: 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 7320 286d 6561 signatures (mea\n+00043530: 6e69 6e67 2074 6861 7420 6120 6669 6c65 ning that a file\n+00043540: 0ae2 8098 666f 6f2e 7369 67e2 8099 2077 ....foo.sig... w\n+00043550: 696c 6c20 6265 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 ill be produced \n+00043560: 7768 656e 2066 696c 6520 e280 9866 6f6f when file ...foo\n+00043570: e280 9920 6973 2073 6967 6e65 6429 2c20 ... is signed), \n+00043580: 616e 6420 6375 7272 656e 746c 790a 7375 and currently.su\n+00043590: 7070 6f72 7473 2074 6865 2044 5341 2061 pports the DSA a\n+000435a0: 6e64 2052 5341 2073 6967 6e69 6e67 2061 nd RSA signing a\n+000435b0: 6c67 6f72 6974 686d 732e 2020 4120 7369 lgorithms. A si\n+000435c0: 676e 696e 6720 6b65 7920 6361 6e20 6265 gning key can be\n+000435d0: 0a67 656e 6572 6174 6564 2061 7320 666f .generated as fo\n+000435e0: 6c6c 6f77 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7067 llows:.. gpg\n+000435f0: 202d 2d67 656e 2d6b 6579 0a0a 2020 2041 --gen-key.. A\n+00043600: 6e20 696e 6469 7669 6475 616c 2066 696c n individual fil\n+00043610: 6520 6361 6e20 6265 2073 6967 6e65 6420 e can be signed \n+00043620: 6173 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7773 3a0a 0a20 2020 as follows:.. \n+00043630: 2020 6770 6720 2d2d 6465 7461 6368 2d73 gpg --detach-s\n+00043640: 6967 6e20 2f70 6174 682f 746f 2f66 696c ign /path/to/fil\n+00043650: 650a 0a20 2020 466f 7220 7375 6363 6573 e.. For succes\n+00043660: 7366 756c 2076 616c 6964 6174 696f 6e20 sful validation \n+00043670: 6f66 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 4752 5542 2773 of all of GRUB's\n+00043680: 2073 7562 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 2061 subcomponents a\n+00043690: 6e64 2074 6865 0a6c 6f61 6465 6420 4f53 nd the.loaded OS\n+000436a0: 206b 6572 6e65 6c2c 2074 6865 7920 6d75 kernel, they mu\n+000436b0: 7374 2061 6c6c 2062 6520 7369 676e 6564 st all be signed\n+000436c0: 2e20 204f 6e65 2077 6179 2074 6f20 6163 . One way to ac\n+000436d0: 636f 6d70 6c69 7368 2074 6869 730a 6973 complish this.is\n+000436e0: 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2028 the following (\n+000436f0: 6166 7465 7220 6861 7669 6e67 2061 6c72 after having alr\n+00043700: 6561 6479 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 7468 eady produced th\n+00043710: 6520 6465 7369 7265 6420 e280 9867 7275 e desired ...gru\n+00043720: 622e 6366 67e2 8099 0a66 696c 652c 2065 b.cfg....file, e\n+00043730: 2e67 2e2c 2062 7920 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 .g., by running \n+00043740: e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 ...grub-mkconfig\n+00043750: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b ... (*note Invok\n+00043760: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 ing grub-mkconfi\n+00043770: 673a 3a29 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 4564 g::):.. # Ed\n+00043780: 6974 202f 6465 762f 7368 6d2f 7061 7373 it /dev/shm/pass\n+00043790: 7068 7261 7365 2e74 7874 2074 6f20 636f phrase.txt to co\n+000437a0: 6e74 6169 6e20 796f 7572 2073 6967 6e69 ntain your signi\n+000437b0: 6e67 206b 6579 2773 2070 6173 7370 6872 ng key's passphr\n+000437c0: 6173 650a 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2069 2069 ase. for i i\n+000437d0: 6e20 6066 696e 6420 2f62 6f6f 7420 2d6e n `find /boot -n\n+000437e0: 616d 6520 222a 2e63 6667 2220 2d6f 7220 ame \"*.cfg\" -or \n+000437f0: 2d6e 616d 6520 222a 2e6c 7374 2220 2d6f -name \"*.lst\" -o\n+00043800: 7220 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 202d 6e61 6d65 r \\. -name\n+00043810: 2022 2a2e 6d6f 6422 202d 6f72 202d 6e61 \"*.mod\" -or -na\n+00043820: 6d65 2022 766d 6c69 6e75 7a2a 2220 2d6f me \"vmlinuz*\" -o\n+00043830: 7220 2d6e 616d 6520 2269 6e69 7472 642a r -name \"initrd*\n+00043840: 2220 2d6f 7220 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 202d \" -or \\. -\n+00043850: 6e61 6d65 2022 6772 7562 656e 7622 603b name \"grubenv\"`;\n+00043860: 0a20 2020 2020 646f 0a20 2020 2020 2020 . do. \n+00043870: 6770 6720 2d2d 6261 7463 6820 2d2d 6465 gpg --batch --de\n+00043880: 7461 6368 2d73 6967 6e20 2d2d 7061 7373 tach-sign --pass\n+00043890: 7068 7261 7365 2d66 6420 3020 2469 203c phrase-fd 0 $i <\n+000438a0: 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2f64 6576 \\. /dev\n+000438b0: 2f73 686d 2f70 6173 7370 6872 6173 652e /shm/passphrase.\n+000438c0: 7478 740a 2020 2020 2064 6f6e 650a 2020 txt. done. \n+000438d0: 2020 2073 6872 6564 202f 6465 762f 7368 shred /dev/sh\n+000438e0: 6d2f 7061 7373 7068 7261 7365 2e74 7874 m/passphrase.txt\n+000438f0: 0a0a 2020 2053 6565 2061 6c73 6f3a 202a .. See also: *\n+00043900: 6e6f 7465 2063 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 note check_signa\n+00043910: 7475 7265 733a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 2076 tures::, *note v\n+00043920: 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 3a3a erify_detached::\n+00043930: 2c20 2a6e 6f74 650a 7472 7573 743a 3a2c , *note.trust::,\n+00043940: 202a 6e6f 7465 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 *note list_trus\n+00043950: 7465 643a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 2064 6973 ted::, *note dis\n+00043960: 7472 7573 743a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 206c trust::, *note l\n+00043970: 6f61 645f 656e 763a 3a2c 202a 6e6f 7465 oad_env::, *note\n+00043980: 0a73 6176 655f 656e 763a 3a2e 0a0a 2020 .save_env::... \n+00043990: 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2069 6e74 6572 Note that inter\n+000439a0: 6e61 6c6c 7920 7369 676e 6174 7572 6520 nally signature \n+000439b0: 656e 666f 7263 656d 656e 7420 6973 2063 enforcement is c\n+000439c0: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c65 6420 6279 2073 6574 ontrolled by set\n+000439d0: 7469 6e67 0a74 6865 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e ting.the environ\n+000439e0: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 e280 ment variable ..\n+000439f0: 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 .check_signature\n+00043a00: 73e2 8099 2065 7175 616c 2074 6f20 e280 s... equal to ..\n+00043a10: 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 992e 2020 5061 .enforce.... Pa\n+00043a20: 7373 696e 670a 6f6e 6520 6f72 206d 6f72 ssing.one or mor\n+00043a30: 6520 e280 982d 2d70 7562 6b65 79e2 8099 e ...--pubkey...\n+00043a40: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2074 6f20 e280 9867 options to ...g\n+00043a50: 7275 622d 6d6b 696d 6167 65e2 8099 2069 rub-mkimage... i\n+00043a60: 6d70 6c69 6369 746c 7920 6465 6669 6e65 mplicitly define\n+00043a70: 730a e280 9863 6865 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 s....check_signa\n+00043a80: 7475 7265 73e2 8099 2065 7175 616c 2074 tures... equal t\n+00043a90: 6f20 e280 9865 6e66 6f72 6365 e280 9920 o ...enforce... \n+00043aa0: 696e 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 in ...core.img..\n+00043ab0: 9920 7072 696f 7220 746f 2070 726f 6365 . prior to proce\n+00043ac0: 7373 696e 670a 616e 7920 636f 6e66 6967 ssing.any config\n+00043ad0: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 732e 0a0a uration files...\n+00043ae0: 2020 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2073 6967 Note that sig\n+00043af0: 6e61 7475 7265 2063 6865 636b 696e 6720 nature checking \n+00043b00: 646f 6573 202a 6e6f 742a 2070 7265 7665 does *not* preve\n+00043b10: 6e74 2061 6e20 6174 7461 636b 6572 2077 nt an attacker w\n+00043b20: 6974 680a 2873 6572 6961 6c2c 2070 6879 ith.(serial, phy\n+00043b30: 7369 6361 6c2c 202e 2e2e 2920 2063 6f6e sical, ...) con\n+00043b40: 736f 6c65 2061 6363 6573 7320 6672 6f6d sole access from\n+00043b50: 2064 726f 7070 696e 6720 6d61 6e75 616c dropping manual\n+00043b60: 6c79 2074 6f20 7468 650a 4752 5542 2063 ly to the.GRUB c\n+00043b70: 6f6e 736f 6c65 2061 6e64 2065 7865 6375 onsole and execu\n+00043b80: 7469 6e67 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7420 ting:.. set \n+00043b90: 6368 6563 6b5f 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 check_signatures\n+00043ba0: 3d6e 6f0a 0a20 2020 546f 2070 7265 7665 =no.. To preve\n+00043bb0: 6e74 2074 6869 732c 2070 6173 7377 6f72 nt this, passwor\n+00043bc0: 642d 7072 6f74 6563 7469 6f6e 2028 2a6e d-protection (*n\n+00043bd0: 6f74 6520 4175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7469 ote Authenticati\n+00043be0: 6f6e 2061 6e64 0a61 7574 686f 7269 7361 on and.authorisa\n+00043bf0: 7469 6f6e 3a3a 2920 6973 2065 7373 656e tion::) is essen\n+00043c00: 7469 616c 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 tial. Note that\n+00043c10: 2065 7665 6e20 7769 7468 2047 5255 4220 even with GRUB \n+00043c20: 7061 7373 776f 7264 0a70 726f 7465 6374 password.protect\n+00043c30: 696f 6e2c 2047 5255 4220 6974 7365 6c66 ion, GRUB itself\n+00043c40: 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 7072 6576 656e 7420 cannot prevent \n+00043c50: 736f 6d65 6f6e 6520 7769 7468 2070 6879 someone with phy\n+00043c60: 7369 6361 6c20 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f0a sical access to.\n+00043c70: 7468 6520 6d61 6368 696e 6520 6672 6f6d the machine from\n+00043c80: 2061 6c74 6572 696e 6720 7468 6174 206d altering that m\n+00043c90: 6163 6869 6e65 2773 2066 6972 6d77 6172 achine's firmwar\n+00043ca0: 6520 2865 2e67 2e2c 2043 6f72 6562 6f6f e (e.g., Coreboo\n+00043cb0: 7420 6f72 0a42 494f 5329 2063 6f6e 6669 t or.BIOS) confi\n+00043cc0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 6361 7573 guration to caus\n+00043cd0: 6520 7468 6520 6d61 6368 696e 6520 746f e the machine to\n+00043ce0: 2062 6f6f 7420 6672 6f6d 2061 2064 6966 boot from a dif\n+00043cf0: 6665 7265 6e74 0a28 6174 7461 636b 6572 ferent.(attacker\n+00043d00: 2d63 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c65 6429 2064 6576 -controlled) dev\n+00043d10: 6963 652e 2020 4752 5542 2069 7320 6174 ice. GRUB is at\n+00043d20: 2062 6573 7420 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e65 206c best only one l\n+00043d30: 696e 6b20 696e 2061 2073 6563 7572 650a ink in a secure.\n+00043d40: 626f 6f74 2063 6861 696e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 boot chain.....F\n+00043d50: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+00043d60: 204e 6f64 653a 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 Node: UEFI secu\n+00043d70: 7265 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7368 696d re boot and shim\n+00043d80: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 6563 7572 6520 , Next: Secure \n+00043d90: 426f 6f74 2041 6476 616e 6365 6420 5461 Boot Advanced Ta\n+00043da0: 7267 6574 696e 672c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 rgeting, Prev: \n+00043db0: 5573 696e 6720 6469 6769 7461 6c20 7369 Using digital si\n+00043dc0: 676e 6174 7572 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 gnatures, Up: S\n+00043dd0: 6563 7572 6974 790a 0a31 392e 3320 5545 ecurity..19.3 UE\n+00043de0: 4649 2073 6563 7572 6520 626f 6f74 2061 FI secure boot a\n+00043df0: 6e64 2073 6869 6d20 7375 7070 6f72 740a nd shim support.\n 00043e00: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00043e10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00043e20: 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 4752 5542 2c20 6578 ==..The GRUB, ex\n-00043e30: 6365 7074 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6368 6169 cept the ...chai\n-00043e40: 6e6c 6f61 6465 72e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 nloader... comma\n-00043e50: 6e64 2c20 776f 726b 7320 7769 7468 2074 nd, works with t\n-00043e60: 6865 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 0a62 he UEFI secure.b\n-00043e70: 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7468 6520 7368 696d oot and the shim\n-00043e80: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e . This function\n-00043e90: 616c 6974 7920 6973 2070 726f 7669 6465 ality is provide\n-00043ea0: 6420 6279 2074 6865 2073 6869 6d5f 6c6f d by the shim_lo\n-00043eb0: 636b 0a76 6572 6966 6965 722e 2020 4974 ck.verifier. It\n-00043ec0: 2069 7320 6275 696c 7420 696e 746f 2074 is built into t\n-00043ed0: 6865 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 he ...core.img..\n-00043ee0: 9920 616e 6420 6973 2072 6567 6973 7465 . and is registe\n-00043ef0: 7265 6420 6966 2074 6865 2055 4546 490a red if the UEFI.\n-00043f00: 7365 6375 7265 2062 6f6f 7420 6973 2065 secure boot is e\n-00043f10: 6e61 626c 6564 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 nabled. The ...\n-00043f20: 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6be2 8099 2076 6172 shim_lock... var\n-00043f30: 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 2074 6f20 iable is set to \n-00043f40: e280 9879 e280 9920 7768 656e 0a73 6869 ...y... when.shi\n-00043f50: 6d5f 6c6f 636b 2076 6572 6966 6965 7220 m_lock verifier \n-00043f60: 6973 2072 6567 6973 7465 7265 642e 2020 is registered. \n-00043f70: 4966 2069 7420 6973 2064 6573 6972 6564 If it is desired\n-00043f80: 2074 6f20 7573 6520 5545 4649 2073 6563 to use UEFI sec\n-00043f90: 7572 650a 626f 6f74 2077 6974 686f 7574 ure.boot without\n-00043fa0: 2073 6869 6d2c 206f 6e65 2063 616e 2064 shim, one can d\n-00043fb0: 6973 6162 6c65 2073 6869 6d5f 6c6f 636b isable shim_lock\n-00043fc0: 2062 7920 6469 7361 626c 696e 6720 7368 by disabling sh\n-00043fd0: 696d 0a76 6572 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 im.verification \n-00043fe0: 7769 7468 204d 6f6b 5362 5374 6174 6520 with MokSbState \n-00043ff0: 5545 4649 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6f72 UEFI variable or\n-00044000: 2062 7920 6275 696c 6469 6e67 2067 7275 by building gru\n-00044010: 6220 696d 6167 650a 7769 7468 20e2 8098 b image.with ...\n-00044020: 2d2d 6469 7361 626c 652d 7368 696d 2d6c --disable-shim-l\n-00044030: 6f63 6be2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 0a0a ock... option...\n-00044040: 2020 2041 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 6d6f 6475 All GRUB modu\n-00044050: 6c65 7320 6e6f 7420 7374 6f72 6564 2069 les not stored i\n-00044060: 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d n the ...core.im\n-00044070: 67e2 8099 2c20 4f53 206b 6572 6e65 6c73 g..., OS kernels\n-00044080: 2c20 4143 5049 0a74 6162 6c65 732c 2044 , ACPI.tables, D\n-00044090: 6576 6963 6520 5472 6565 732c 2065 7463 evice Trees, etc\n-000440a0: 2e20 2068 6176 6520 746f 2062 6520 7369 . have to be si\n-000440b0: 676e 6564 2c20 652e 672c 2075 7369 6e67 gned, e.g, using\n-000440c0: 2050 4750 2e0a 4164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c PGP..Additional\n-000440d0: 6c79 2c20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 ly, the commands\n-000440e0: 2074 6861 7420 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 that can be use\n-000440f0: 6420 746f 2073 7562 7665 7274 2074 6865 d to subvert the\n-00044100: 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 0a62 6f6f UEFI secure.boo\n-00044110: 7420 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d2c 2073 7563 t mechanism, suc\n-00044120: 6820 6173 20e2 8098 696f 7277 e280 9920 h as ...iorw... \n-00044130: 616e 6420 e280 986d 656d 7277 e280 9920 and ...memrw... \n-00044140: 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6176 6169 will not be avai\n-00044150: 6c61 626c 6520 7768 656e 0a74 6865 2055 lable when.the U\n-00044160: 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 2062 6f6f 7420 EFI secure boot \n-00044170: 6973 2065 6e61 626c 6564 2e20 2054 6869 is enabled. Thi\n-00044180: 7320 6973 2064 6f6e 6520 666f 7220 7365 s is done for se\n-00044190: 6375 7269 7479 2072 6561 736f 6e73 2061 curity reasons a\n-000441a0: 6e64 0a61 7265 2065 6e66 6f72 6365 6420 nd.are enforced \n-000441b0: 6279 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 4c6f 636b by the GRUB Lock\n-000441c0: 646f 776e 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2028 down mechanism (\n-000441d0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 4c6f 636b 646f 776e 3a3a *note Lockdown::\n-000441e0: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ).....File: grub\n-000441f0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5365 .info, Node: Se\n-00044200: 6375 7265 2042 6f6f 7420 4164 7661 6e63 cure Boot Advanc\n-00044210: 6564 2054 6172 6765 7469 6e67 2c20 204e ed Targeting, N\n-00044220: 6578 743a 204d 6561 7375 7265 6420 426f ext: Measured Bo\n-00044230: 6f74 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2055 4546 4920 ot, Prev: UEFI \n-00044240: 7365 6375 7265 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 secure boot and \n-00044250: 7368 696d 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6563 7572 shim, Up: Secur\n-00044260: 6974 790a 0a31 392e 3420 456d 6265 6464 ity..19.4 Embedd\n-00044270: 6564 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2066 ed information f\n-00044280: 6f72 2067 656e 6572 6174 696f 6e20 6e75 or generation nu\n-00044290: 6d62 6572 2062 6173 6564 2072 6576 6f63 mber based revoc\n-000442a0: 6174 696f 6e0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ation.==========\n+00043e20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 4752 5542 ======..The GRUB\n+00043e30: 2c20 6578 6365 7074 2074 6865 20e2 8098 , except the ...\n+00043e40: 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 72e2 8099 2063 chainloader... c\n+00043e50: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2c20 776f 726b 7320 7769 ommand, works wi\n+00043e60: 7468 2074 6865 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 th the UEFI secu\n+00043e70: 7265 0a62 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7468 6520 re.boot and the \n+00043e80: 7368 696d 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6675 6e63 shim. This func\n+00043e90: 7469 6f6e 616c 6974 7920 6973 2070 726f tionality is pro\n+00043ea0: 7669 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2073 6869 vided by the shi\n+00043eb0: 6d5f 6c6f 636b 0a76 6572 6966 6965 722e m_lock.verifier.\n+00043ec0: 2020 4974 2069 7320 6275 696c 7420 696e It is built in\n+00043ed0: 746f 2074 6865 20e2 8098 636f 7265 2e69 to the ...core.i\n+00043ee0: 6d67 e280 9920 616e 6420 6973 2072 6567 mg... and is reg\n+00043ef0: 6973 7465 7265 6420 6966 2074 6865 2055 istered if the U\n+00043f00: 4546 490a 7365 6375 7265 2062 6f6f 7420 EFI.secure boot \n+00043f10: 6973 2065 6e61 626c 6564 2e20 2054 6865 is enabled. The\n+00043f20: 20e2 8098 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6be2 8099 ...shim_lock...\n+00043f30: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 2073 6574 variable is set\n+00043f40: 2074 6f20 e280 9879 e280 9920 7768 656e to ...y... when\n+00043f50: 0a73 6869 6d5f 6c6f 636b 2076 6572 6966 .shim_lock verif\n+00043f60: 6965 7220 6973 2072 6567 6973 7465 7265 ier is registere\n+00043f70: 642e 2020 4966 2069 7420 6973 2064 6573 d. If it is des\n+00043f80: 6972 6564 2074 6f20 7573 6520 5545 4649 ired to use UEFI\n+00043f90: 2073 6563 7572 650a 626f 6f74 2077 6974 secure.boot wit\n+00043fa0: 686f 7574 2073 6869 6d2c 206f 6e65 2063 hout shim, one c\n+00043fb0: 616e 2064 6973 6162 6c65 2073 6869 6d5f an disable shim_\n+00043fc0: 6c6f 636b 2062 7920 6469 7361 626c 696e lock by disablin\n+00043fd0: 6720 7368 696d 0a76 6572 6966 6963 6174 g shim.verificat\n+00043fe0: 696f 6e20 7769 7468 204d 6f6b 5362 5374 ion with MokSbSt\n+00043ff0: 6174 6520 5545 4649 2076 6172 6961 626c ate UEFI variabl\n+00044000: 6520 6f72 2062 7920 6275 696c 6469 6e67 e or by building\n+00044010: 2067 7275 6220 696d 6167 650a 7769 7468 grub image.with\n+00044020: 20e2 8098 2d2d 6469 7361 626c 652d 7368 ...--disable-sh\n+00044030: 696d 2d6c 6f63 6be2 8099 206f 7074 696f im-lock... optio\n+00044040: 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2041 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 n... All GRUB \n+00044050: 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 6e6f 7420 7374 6f72 modules not stor\n+00044060: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9863 6f72 ed in the ...cor\n+00044070: 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2c20 4f53 206b 6572 e.img..., OS ker\n+00044080: 6e65 6c73 2c20 4143 5049 0a74 6162 6c65 nels, ACPI.table\n+00044090: 732c 2044 6576 6963 6520 5472 6565 732c s, Device Trees,\n+000440a0: 2065 7463 2e20 2068 6176 6520 746f 2062 etc. have to b\n+000440b0: 6520 7369 676e 6564 2c20 652e 672c 2075 e signed, e.g, u\n+000440c0: 7369 6e67 2050 4750 2e0a 4164 6469 7469 sing PGP..Additi\n+000440d0: 6f6e 616c 6c79 2c20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d onally, the comm\n+000440e0: 616e 6473 2074 6861 7420 6361 6e20 6265 ands that can be\n+000440f0: 2075 7365 6420 746f 2073 7562 7665 7274 used to subvert\n+00044100: 2074 6865 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 the UEFI secure\n+00044110: 0a62 6f6f 7420 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d2c .boot mechanism,\n+00044120: 2073 7563 6820 6173 20e2 8098 696f 7277 such as ...iorw\n+00044130: e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 986d 656d 7277 ... and ...memrw\n+00044140: e280 9920 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2062 6520 ... will not be \n+00044150: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7768 656e 0a74 available when.t\n+00044160: 6865 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 2062 he UEFI secure b\n+00044170: 6f6f 7420 6973 2065 6e61 626c 6564 2e20 oot is enabled. \n+00044180: 2054 6869 7320 6973 2064 6f6e 6520 666f This is done fo\n+00044190: 7220 7365 6375 7269 7479 2072 6561 736f r security reaso\n+000441a0: 6e73 2061 6e64 0a61 7265 2065 6e66 6f72 ns and.are enfor\n+000441b0: 6365 6420 6279 2074 6865 2047 5255 4220 ced by the GRUB \n+000441c0: 4c6f 636b 646f 776e 206d 6563 6861 6e69 Lockdown mechani\n+000441d0: 736d 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4c6f 636b 646f sm (*note Lockdo\n+000441e0: 776e 3a3a 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 wn::).....File: \n+000441f0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n+00044200: 3a20 5365 6375 7265 2042 6f6f 7420 4164 : Secure Boot Ad\n+00044210: 7661 6e63 6564 2054 6172 6765 7469 6e67 vanced Targeting\n+00044220: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204d 6561 7375 7265 , Next: Measure\n+00044230: 6420 426f 6f74 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2055 d Boot, Prev: U\n+00044240: 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 2062 6f6f 7420 EFI secure boot \n+00044250: 616e 6420 7368 696d 2c20 2055 703a 2053 and shim, Up: S\n+00044260: 6563 7572 6974 790a 0a31 392e 3420 456d ecurity..19.4 Em\n+00044270: 6265 6464 6564 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 bedded informati\n+00044280: 6f6e 2066 6f72 2067 656e 6572 6174 696f on for generatio\n+00044290: 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 2062 6173 6564 2072 n number based r\n+000442a0: 6576 6f63 6174 696f 6e0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d evocation.======\n 000442b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 000442c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 000442d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000442e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 5365 6375 ======..The Secu\n-000442f0: 7265 2042 6f6f 7420 4164 7661 6e63 6564 re Boot Advanced\n-00044300: 2054 6172 6765 7469 6e67 2028 5342 4154 Targeting (SBAT\n-00044310: 2920 6973 2061 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d ) is a mechanism\n-00044320: 2074 6f20 616c 6c6f 7720 7468 650a 7265 to allow the.re\n-00044330: 766f 6361 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 636f 6d70 vocation of comp\n-00044340: 6f6e 656e 7473 2069 6e20 7468 6520 626f onents in the bo\n-00044350: 6f74 2070 6174 6820 6279 2075 7369 6e67 ot path by using\n-00044360: 2067 656e 6572 6174 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 generation numb\n-00044370: 6572 730a 656d 6265 6464 6564 2069 6e74 ers.embedded int\n-00044380: 6f20 7468 6520 4546 4920 6269 6e61 7269 o the EFI binari\n-00044390: 6573 2e20 2054 6865 2053 4241 5420 6d65 es. The SBAT me\n-000443a0: 7461 6461 7461 2069 7320 6c6f 6361 7465 tadata is locate\n-000443b0: 6420 696e 2061 6e0a 2e73 6261 7420 6461 d in an..sbat da\n-000443c0: 7461 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2074 6861 7420 ta section that \n-000443d0: 6861 7320 7365 7420 6f66 2055 5446 2d38 has set of UTF-8\n-000443e0: 2073 7472 696e 6773 2061 7320 636f 6d6d strings as comm\n-000443f0: 612d 7365 7061 7261 7465 640a 7661 6c75 a-separated.valu\n-00044400: 6573 2028 4353 5629 2e20 5365 6520 3c68 es (CSV). See \n-00044440: 2066 6f72 0a6d 6f72 6520 6465 7461 696c for.more detail\n-00044450: 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 6164 6420 6120 s... To add a \n-00044460: 6461 7461 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2063 6f6e data section con\n-00044470: 7461 696e 696e 6720 7468 6520 5342 4154 taining the SBAT\n-00044480: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2069 6e74 information int\n-00044490: 6f20 7468 650a 6269 6e61 7279 2c20 7468 o the.binary, th\n-000444a0: 6520 e280 982d 2d73 6261 74e2 8099 206f e ...--sbat... o\n-000444b0: 7074 696f 6e20 6f66 20e2 8098 6772 7562 ption of ...grub\n-000444c0: 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 9920 636f 6d6d -mkimage... comm\n-000444d0: 616e 6420 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7573 and should be us\n-000444e0: 6564 2e0a 5468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7420 ed..The content \n-000444f0: 6f66 2061 2043 5356 2066 696c 652c 2065 of a CSV file, e\n-00044500: 6e63 6f64 6564 2077 6974 6820 5554 462d ncoded with UTF-\n-00044510: 382c 2069 7320 636f 7069 6564 2061 7320 8, is copied as \n-00044520: 6973 2074 6f20 7468 650a 2e73 6261 7420 is to the..sbat \n-00044530: 6461 7461 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2069 6e74 data section int\n-00044540: 6f20 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 o the generated \n-00044550: 4546 4920 6269 6e61 7279 2e20 2054 6865 EFI binary. The\n-00044560: 2043 5356 2066 696c 6520 6361 6e20 6265 CSV file can be\n-00044570: 0a73 746f 7265 6420 616e 7977 6865 7265 .stored anywhere\n-00044580: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2073 7973 on the file sys\n-00044590: 7465 6d2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d tem... grub-\n-000445a0: 6d6b 696d 6167 6520 2d4f 2078 3836 5f36 mkimage -O x86_6\n-000445b0: 342d 6566 6920 2d6f 2067 7275 6278 3634 4-efi -o grubx64\n-000445c0: 2e65 6669 202d 7020 2728 7466 7470 292f .efi -p '(tftp)/\n-000445d0: 6772 7562 2720 2d2d 7362 6174 2073 6261 grub' --sbat sba\n-000445e0: 742e 6373 7620 6566 696e 6574 2074 6674 t.csv efinet tft\n-000445f0: 700a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e p....File: grub.\n-00044600: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204d 6561 info, Node: Mea\n-00044610: 7375 7265 6420 426f 6f74 2c20 204e 6578 sured Boot, Nex\n-00044620: 743a 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e2c 2020 5072 t: Lockdown, Pr\n-00044630: 6576 3a20 5365 6375 7265 2042 6f6f 7420 ev: Secure Boot \n-00044640: 4164 7661 6e63 6564 2054 6172 6765 7469 Advanced Targeti\n-00044650: 6e67 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6563 7572 6974 ng, Up: Securit\n-00044660: 790a 0a31 392e 3520 4d65 6173 7572 696e y..19.5 Measurin\n-00044670: 6720 626f 6f74 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 g boot component\n-00044680: 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d s.==============\n+000442e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 ==========..The \n+000442f0: 5365 6375 7265 2042 6f6f 7420 4164 7661 Secure Boot Adva\n+00044300: 6e63 6564 2054 6172 6765 7469 6e67 2028 nced Targeting (\n+00044310: 5342 4154 2920 6973 2061 206d 6563 6861 SBAT) is a mecha\n+00044320: 6e69 736d 2074 6f20 616c 6c6f 7720 7468 nism to allow th\n+00044330: 650a 7265 766f 6361 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 e.revocation of \n+00044340: 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 2069 6e20 7468 components in th\n+00044350: 6520 626f 6f74 2070 6174 6820 6279 2075 e boot path by u\n+00044360: 7369 6e67 2067 656e 6572 6174 696f 6e20 sing generation \n+00044370: 6e75 6d62 6572 730a 656d 6265 6464 6564 numbers.embedded\n+00044380: 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 4546 4920 6269 into the EFI bi\n+00044390: 6e61 7269 6573 2e20 2054 6865 2053 4241 naries. The SBA\n+000443a0: 5420 6d65 7461 6461 7461 2069 7320 6c6f T metadata is lo\n+000443b0: 6361 7465 6420 696e 2061 6e0a 2e73 6261 cated in an..sba\n+000443c0: 7420 6461 7461 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2074 t data section t\n+000443d0: 6861 7420 6861 7320 7365 7420 6f66 2055 hat has set of U\n+000443e0: 5446 2d38 2073 7472 696e 6773 2061 7320 TF-8 strings as \n+000443f0: 636f 6d6d 612d 7365 7061 7261 7465 640a comma-separated.\n+00044400: 7661 6c75 6573 2028 4353 5629 2e20 5365 values (CSV). Se\n+00044410: 6520 3c68 7474 7073 3a2f 2f67 6974 6875 e for.more de\n+00044450: 7461 696c 732e 0a0a 2020 2054 6f20 6164 tails... To ad\n+00044460: 6420 6120 6461 7461 2073 6563 7469 6f6e d a data section\n+00044470: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 7468 6520 containing the \n+00044480: 5342 4154 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e SBAT information\n+00044490: 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 650a 6269 6e61 7279 into the.binary\n+000444a0: 2c20 7468 6520 e280 982d 2d73 6261 74e2 , the ...--sbat.\n+000444b0: 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6f66 20e2 8098 .. option of ...\n+000444c0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 9920 grub-mkimage... \n+000444d0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 command should b\n+000444e0: 6520 7573 6564 2e0a 5468 6520 636f 6e74 e used..The cont\n+000444f0: 656e 7420 6f66 2061 2043 5356 2066 696c ent of a CSV fil\n+00044500: 652c 2065 6e63 6f64 6564 2077 6974 6820 e, encoded with \n+00044510: 5554 462d 382c 2069 7320 636f 7069 6564 UTF-8, is copied\n+00044520: 2061 7320 6973 2074 6f20 7468 650a 2e73 as is to the..s\n+00044530: 6261 7420 6461 7461 2073 6563 7469 6f6e bat data section\n+00044540: 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 into the genera\n+00044550: 7465 6420 4546 4920 6269 6e61 7279 2e20 ted EFI binary. \n+00044560: 2054 6865 2043 5356 2066 696c 6520 6361 The CSV file ca\n+00044570: 6e20 6265 0a73 746f 7265 6420 616e 7977 n be.stored anyw\n+00044580: 6865 7265 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 here on the file\n+00044590: 2073 7973 7465 6d2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 system... g\n+000445a0: 7275 622d 6d6b 696d 6167 6520 2d4f 2078 rub-mkimage -O x\n+000445b0: 3836 5f36 342d 6566 6920 2d6f 2067 7275 86_64-efi -o gru\n+000445c0: 6278 3634 2e65 6669 202d 7020 2728 7466 bx64.efi -p '(tf\n+000445d0: 7470 292f 6772 7562 2720 2d2d 7362 6174 tp)/grub' --sbat\n+000445e0: 2073 6261 742e 6373 7620 6566 696e 6574 sbat.csv efinet\n+000445f0: 2074 6674 700a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 tftp....File: g\n+00044600: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00044610: 204d 6561 7375 7265 6420 426f 6f74 2c20 Measured Boot, \n+00044620: 204e 6578 743a 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e2c Next: Lockdown,\n+00044630: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5365 6375 7265 2042 Prev: Secure B\n+00044640: 6f6f 7420 4164 7661 6e63 6564 2054 6172 oot Advanced Tar\n+00044650: 6765 7469 6e67 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6563 geting, Up: Sec\n+00044660: 7572 6974 790a 0a31 392e 3520 4d65 6173 urity..19.5 Meas\n+00044670: 7572 696e 6720 626f 6f74 2063 6f6d 706f uring boot compo\n+00044680: 6e65 6e74 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d nents.==========\n 00044690: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000446a0: 0a0a 4966 2074 6865 2074 706d 206d 6f64 ..If the tpm mod\n-000446b0: 756c 6520 6973 206c 6f61 6465 6420 616e ule is loaded an\n-000446c0: 6420 7468 6520 706c 6174 666f 726d 2068 d the platform h\n-000446d0: 6173 2061 2054 7275 7374 6564 2050 6c61 as a Trusted Pla\n-000446e0: 7466 6f72 6d0a 4d6f 6475 6c65 2069 6e73 tform.Module ins\n-000446f0: 7461 6c6c 6564 2c20 4752 5542 2077 696c talled, GRUB wil\n-00044700: 6c20 6c6f 6720 6561 6368 2063 6f6d 6d61 l log each comma\n-00044710: 6e64 2065 7865 6375 7465 6420 616e 6420 nd executed and \n-00044720: 6561 6368 2066 696c 650a 6c6f 6164 6564 each file.loaded\n-00044730: 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 5450 4d20 6576 into the TPM ev\n-00044740: 656e 7420 6c6f 6720 616e 6420 6578 7465 ent log and exte\n-00044750: 6e64 2074 6865 2050 4352 2076 616c 7565 nd the PCR value\n-00044760: 7320 696e 2074 6865 2054 504d 0a63 6f72 s in the TPM.cor\n-00044770: 7265 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 6c79 2e20 2041 respondingly. A\n-00044780: 6c6c 2065 7665 6e74 7320 7769 6c6c 2062 ll events will b\n-00044790: 6520 6c6f 6767 6564 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 e logged into th\n-000447a0: 6520 5043 5220 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 e PCR described \n-000447b0: 6265 6c6f 770a 7769 7468 2061 2074 7970 below.with a typ\n-000447c0: 6520 6f66 2045 565f 4950 4c20 616e 6420 e of EV_IPL and \n-000447d0: 616e 2065 7665 6e74 2064 6573 6372 6970 an event descrip\n-000447e0: 7469 6f6e 2061 7320 6465 7363 7269 6265 tion as describe\n-000447f0: 6420 6265 6c6f 772e 0a0a 4576 656e 7420 d below...Event \n-00044800: 7479 7065 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 type \n-00044810: 2050 4352 2020 2020 2044 6573 6372 6970 PCR Descrip\n-00044820: 7469 6f6e 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tion.-----------\n+000446a0: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4966 2074 6865 2074 706d ====..If the tpm\n+000446b0: 206d 6f64 756c 6520 6973 206c 6f61 6465 module is loade\n+000446c0: 6420 616e 6420 7468 6520 706c 6174 666f d and the platfo\n+000446d0: 726d 2068 6173 2061 2054 7275 7374 6564 rm has a Trusted\n+000446e0: 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d0a 4d6f 6475 6c65 Platform.Module\n+000446f0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2c20 4752 5542 installed, GRUB\n+00044700: 2077 696c 6c20 6c6f 6720 6561 6368 2063 will log each c\n+00044710: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2065 7865 6375 7465 6420 ommand executed \n+00044720: 616e 6420 6561 6368 2066 696c 650a 6c6f and each file.lo\n+00044730: 6164 6564 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 5450 aded into the TP\n+00044740: 4d20 6576 656e 7420 6c6f 6720 616e 6420 M event log and \n+00044750: 6578 7465 6e64 2074 6865 2050 4352 2076 extend the PCR v\n+00044760: 616c 7565 7320 696e 2074 6865 2054 504d alues in the TPM\n+00044770: 0a63 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 6c79 .correspondingly\n+00044780: 2e20 2041 6c6c 2065 7665 6e74 7320 7769 . All events wi\n+00044790: 6c6c 2062 6520 6c6f 6767 6564 2069 6e74 ll be logged int\n+000447a0: 6f20 7468 6520 5043 5220 6465 7363 7269 o the PCR descri\n+000447b0: 6265 6420 6265 6c6f 770a 7769 7468 2061 bed below.with a\n+000447c0: 2074 7970 6520 6f66 2045 565f 4950 4c20 type of EV_IPL \n+000447d0: 616e 6420 616e 2065 7665 6e74 2064 6573 and an event des\n+000447e0: 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 2061 7320 6465 7363 cription as desc\n+000447f0: 7269 6265 6420 6265 6c6f 772e 0a0a 4576 ribed below...Ev\n+00044800: 656e 7420 7479 7065 2020 2020 2020 2020 ent type \n+00044810: 2020 2020 2050 4352 2020 2020 2044 6573 PCR Des\n+00044820: 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d cription.-------\n 00044830: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 00044840: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 00044850: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 00044860: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00044870: 0a43 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2020 2020 2020 2020 .Command \n-00044880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3820 2020 2020 2020 8 \n-00044890: 416c 6c20 6578 6563 7574 6564 2063 6f6d All executed com\n-000448a0: 6d61 6e64 7320 2869 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 mands (including\n-000448b0: 2074 686f 7365 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 those. \n+00044870: 2d2d 2d2d 0a43 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2020 2020 ----.Command \n+00044880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3820 2020 8 \n+00044890: 2020 2020 416c 6c20 6578 6563 7574 6564 All executed\n+000448a0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 2869 6e63 6c75 commands (inclu\n+000448b0: 6469 6e67 2074 686f 7365 0a20 2020 2020 ding those. \n 000448c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000448d0: 2020 2020 2020 6672 6f6d 2063 6f6e 6669 from confi\n-000448e0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2920 guration files) \n-000448f0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6c6f 6767 6564 0a20 will be logged. \n-00044900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00044910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 616e an\n-00044920: 6420 6d65 6173 7572 6564 2061 7320 656e d measured as en\n-00044930: 7465 7265 6420 7769 7468 2061 2070 7265 tered with a pre\n-00044940: 6669 7820 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 fix of. \n+000448d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6672 6f6d 2063 from c\n+000448e0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c onfiguration fil\n+000448f0: 6573 2920 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6c6f 6767 es) will be logg\n+00044900: 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ed. \n+00044910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00044920: 2020 616e 6420 6d65 6173 7572 6564 2061 and measured a\n+00044930: 7320 656e 7465 7265 6420 7769 7468 2061 s entered with a\n+00044940: 2070 7265 6669 7820 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 prefix of. \n 00044950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00044960: 2020 2020 2020 2267 7275 625f 636d 643a \"grub_cmd:\n-00044970: 2022 0a4b 6572 6e65 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e \".Kernel comman\n-00044980: 6420 6c69 6e65 2020 2020 3820 2020 2020 d line 8 \n-00044990: 2020 416e 7920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6c69 Any command li\n-000449a0: 6e65 2070 6173 7365 6420 746f 2061 206b ne passed to a k\n-000449b0: 6572 6e65 6c20 7769 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 ernel will. \n+00044960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2267 7275 625f \"grub_\n+00044970: 636d 643a 2022 0a4b 6572 6e65 6c20 636f cmd: \".Kernel co\n+00044980: 6d6d 616e 6420 6c69 6e65 2020 2020 3820 mmand line 8 \n+00044990: 2020 2020 2020 416e 7920 636f 6d6d 616e Any comman\n+000449a0: 6420 6c69 6e65 2070 6173 7365 6420 746f d line passed to\n+000449b0: 2061 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 7769 6c6c 0a20 a kernel will. \n 000449c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000449d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6265 206c 6f67 be log\n-000449e0: 6765 6420 616e 6420 6d65 6173 7572 6564 ged and measured\n-000449f0: 2061 7320 656e 7465 7265 6420 7769 7468 as entered with\n-00044a00: 2061 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 a. \n+000449d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6265 be\n+000449e0: 206c 6f67 6765 6420 616e 6420 6d65 6173 logged and meas\n+000449f0: 7572 6564 2061 7320 656e 7465 7265 6420 ured as entered \n+00044a00: 7769 7468 2061 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 with a. \n 00044a10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00044a20: 2020 7072 6566 6978 206f 6620 226b 6572 prefix of \"ker\n-00044a30: 6e65 6c5f 636d 646c 696e 653a 2022 0a4d nel_cmdline: \".M\n-00044a40: 6f64 756c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6c69 odule command li\n-00044a50: 6e65 2020 2020 3820 2020 2020 2020 416e ne 8 An\n-00044a60: 7920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6c69 6e65 2070 y command line p\n-00044a70: 6173 7365 6420 746f 2061 206b 6572 6e65 assed to a kerne\n-00044a80: 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 l. \n+00044a20: 2020 2020 2020 7072 6566 6978 206f 6620 prefix of \n+00044a30: 226b 6572 6e65 6c5f 636d 646c 696e 653a \"kernel_cmdline:\n+00044a40: 2022 0a4d 6f64 756c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e \".Module comman\n+00044a50: 6420 6c69 6e65 2020 2020 3820 2020 2020 d line 8 \n+00044a60: 2020 416e 7920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6c69 Any command li\n+00044a70: 6e65 2070 6173 7365 6420 746f 2061 206b ne passed to a k\n+00044a80: 6572 6e65 6c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ernel. \n 00044a90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00044aa0: 206d 6f64 756c 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 module will be \n-00044ab0: 6c6f 6767 6564 2061 6e64 206d 6561 7375 logged and measu\n-00044ac0: 7265 6420 6173 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 red as. \n+00044aa0: 2020 2020 206d 6f64 756c 6520 7769 6c6c module will\n+00044ab0: 2062 6520 6c6f 6767 6564 2061 6e64 206d be logged and m\n+00044ac0: 6561 7375 7265 6420 6173 0a20 2020 2020 easured as. \n 00044ad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00044ae0: 2020 2020 2020 656e 7465 7265 6420 7769 entered wi\n-00044af0: 7468 2061 2070 7265 6669 7820 6f66 2022 th a prefix of \"\n-00044b00: 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f63 6d64 6c69 6e65 3a0a module_cmdline:.\n-00044b10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00044b20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 \"\n-00044b30: 0a46 696c 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .Files \n-00044b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3920 2020 2020 2020 9 \n-00044b50: 416e 7920 6669 6c65 2072 6561 6420 6279 Any file read by\n-00044b60: 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6c6f GRUB will be lo\n-00044b70: 6767 6564 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 2020 gged and. \n+00044ae0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 656e 7465 7265 entere\n+00044af0: 6420 7769 7468 2061 2070 7265 6669 7820 d with a prefix \n+00044b00: 6f66 2022 6d6f 6475 6c65 5f63 6d64 6c69 of \"module_cmdli\n+00044b10: 6e65 3a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ne:. \n+00044b20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00044b30: 2020 2022 0a46 696c 6573 2020 2020 2020 \".Files \n+00044b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3920 2020 9 \n+00044b50: 2020 2020 416e 7920 6669 6c65 2072 6561 Any file rea\n+00044b60: 6420 6279 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2062 d by GRUB will b\n+00044b70: 6520 6c6f 6767 6564 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 e logged and. \n 00044b80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00044b90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6173 7572 6564 measured\n-00044ba0: 2077 6974 6820 6120 6465 7363 7269 7074 with a descript\n-00044bb0: 6976 6520 7465 7874 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ive text. \n+00044b90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6173 meas\n+00044ba0: 7572 6564 2077 6974 6820 6120 6465 7363 ured with a desc\n+00044bb0: 7269 7074 6976 6520 7465 7874 0a20 2020 riptive text. \n 00044bc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00044bd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f 7272 6573 706f correspo\n-00044be0: 6e64 696e 6720 746f 2074 6865 2066 696c nding to the fil\n-00044bf0: 656e 616d 652e 0a0a 2020 2047 5255 4220 ename... GRUB \n-00044c00: 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 206d 6561 7375 7265 will not measure\n-00044c10: 2069 7473 206f 776e 20e2 8098 636f 7265 its own ...core\n-00044c20: 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 2d20 6974 2069 7320 .img... - it is \n-00044c30: 6578 7065 6374 6564 2074 6861 740a 6669 expected that.fi\n-00044c40: 726d 7761 7265 2077 696c 6c20 6361 7272 rmware will carr\n-00044c50: 7920 7468 6973 206f 7574 2e20 2047 5255 y this out. GRU\n-00044c60: 4220 7769 6c6c 2061 6c73 6f20 6e6f 7420 B will also not \n-00044c70: 7065 7266 6f72 6d20 616e 790a 6d65 6173 perform any.meas\n-00044c80: 7572 656d 656e 7473 2075 6e74 696c 2074 urements until t\n-00044c90: 6865 2074 706d 206d 6f64 756c 6520 6973 he tpm module is\n-00044ca0: 206c 6f61 6465 642e 2020 4173 2073 7563 loaded. As suc\n-00044cb0: 6820 6974 2069 7320 7265 636f 6d6d 656e h it is recommen\n-00044cc0: 6465 640a 7468 6174 2074 6865 2074 706d ded.that the tpm\n-00044cd0: 206d 6f64 756c 6520 6265 2062 7569 6c74 module be built\n-00044ce0: 2069 6e74 6f20 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d into ...core.im\n-00044cf0: 67e2 8099 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f g... in order to\n-00044d00: 2061 766f 6964 2061 0a70 6f74 656e 7469 avoid a.potenti\n-00044d10: 616c 2067 6170 2069 6e20 6d65 6173 7572 al gap in measur\n-00044d20: 656d 656e 7420 6265 7477 6565 6e20 e280 ement between ..\n-00044d30: 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2062 6569 .core.img... bei\n-00044d40: 6e67 206c 6f61 6465 6420 616e 6420 7468 ng loaded and th\n-00044d50: 6520 7470 6d0a 6d6f 6475 6c65 2062 6569 e tpm.module bei\n-00044d60: 6e67 206c 6f61 6465 642e 0a0a 2020 204d ng loaded... M\n-00044d70: 6561 7375 7265 6420 626f 6f74 2069 7320 easured boot is \n-00044d80: 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 6f6e 6c79 2073 currently only s\n-00044d90: 7570 706f 7274 6564 206f 6e20 4546 4920 upported on EFI \n-00044da0: 616e 6420 4942 4d20 4945 4545 3132 3735 and IBM IEEE1275\n-00044db0: 0a50 6f77 6572 5043 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 .PowerPC platfor\n-00044dc0: 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 ms.....File: gru\n-00044dd0: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204c b.info, Node: L\n-00044de0: 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 ockdown, Prev: \n-00044df0: 4d65 6173 7572 6564 2042 6f6f 742c 2020 Measured Boot, \n-00044e00: 5570 3a20 5365 6375 7269 7479 0a0a 3139 Up: Security..19\n-00044e10: 2e36 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e20 7768 656e .6 Lockdown when\n-00044e20: 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 206f 6e20 6120 7365 booting on a se\n-00044e30: 6375 7265 2073 6574 7570 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d cure setup.=====\n+00044bd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f 7272 corr\n+00044be0: 6573 706f 6e64 696e 6720 746f 2074 6865 esponding to the\n+00044bf0: 2066 696c 656e 616d 652e 0a0a 2020 2047 filename... G\n+00044c00: 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 206d 6561 RUB will not mea\n+00044c10: 7375 7265 2069 7473 206f 776e 20e2 8098 sure its own ...\n+00044c20: 636f 7265 2e69 6d67 e280 9920 2d20 6974 core.img... - it\n+00044c30: 2069 7320 6578 7065 6374 6564 2074 6861 is expected tha\n+00044c40: 740a 6669 726d 7761 7265 2077 696c 6c20 t.firmware will \n+00044c50: 6361 7272 7920 7468 6973 206f 7574 2e20 carry this out. \n+00044c60: 2047 5255 4220 7769 6c6c 2061 6c73 6f20 GRUB will also \n+00044c70: 6e6f 7420 7065 7266 6f72 6d20 616e 790a not perform any.\n+00044c80: 6d65 6173 7572 656d 656e 7473 2075 6e74 measurements unt\n+00044c90: 696c 2074 6865 2074 706d 206d 6f64 756c il the tpm modul\n+00044ca0: 6520 6973 206c 6f61 6465 642e 2020 4173 e is loaded. As\n+00044cb0: 2073 7563 6820 6974 2069 7320 7265 636f such it is reco\n+00044cc0: 6d6d 656e 6465 640a 7468 6174 2074 6865 mmended.that the\n+00044cd0: 2074 706d 206d 6f64 756c 6520 6265 2062 tpm module be b\n+00044ce0: 7569 6c74 2069 6e74 6f20 e280 9863 6f72 uilt into ...cor\n+00044cf0: 652e 696d 67e2 8099 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 e.img... in orde\n+00044d00: 7220 746f 2061 766f 6964 2061 0a70 6f74 r to avoid a.pot\n+00044d10: 656e 7469 616c 2067 6170 2069 6e20 6d65 ential gap in me\n+00044d20: 6173 7572 656d 656e 7420 6265 7477 6565 asurement betwee\n+00044d30: 6e20 e280 9863 6f72 652e 696d 67e2 8099 n ...core.img...\n+00044d40: 2062 6569 6e67 206c 6f61 6465 6420 616e being loaded an\n+00044d50: 6420 7468 6520 7470 6d0a 6d6f 6475 6c65 d the tpm.module\n+00044d60: 2062 6569 6e67 206c 6f61 6465 642e 0a0a being loaded...\n+00044d70: 2020 204d 6561 7375 7265 6420 626f 6f74 Measured boot\n+00044d80: 2069 7320 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 6f6e is currently on\n+00044d90: 6c79 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 206f 6e20 ly supported on \n+00044da0: 4546 4920 616e 6420 4942 4d20 4945 4545 EFI and IBM IEEE\n+00044db0: 3132 3735 0a50 6f77 6572 5043 2070 6c61 1275.PowerPC pla\n+00044dc0: 7466 6f72 6d73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a tforms.....File:\n+00044dd0: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n+00044de0: 653a 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e2c 2020 5072 e: Lockdown, Pr\n+00044df0: 6576 3a20 4d65 6173 7572 6564 2042 6f6f ev: Measured Boo\n+00044e00: 742c 2020 5570 3a20 5365 6375 7269 7479 t, Up: Security\n+00044e10: 0a0a 3139 2e36 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e20 ..19.6 Lockdown \n+00044e20: 7768 656e 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 206f 6e20 when booting on \n+00044e30: 6120 7365 6375 7265 2073 6574 7570 0a3d a secure setup.=\n 00044e40: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 00044e50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00044e60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2047 5255 =======..The GRU\n-00044e70: 4220 6361 6e20 6265 206c 6f63 6b65 6420 B can be locked \n-00044e80: 646f 776e 2077 6865 6e20 626f 6f74 6564 down when booted\n-00044e90: 206f 6e20 6120 7365 6375 7265 2062 6f6f on a secure boo\n-00044ea0: 7420 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 742c 0a66 t environment,.f\n-00044eb0: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2069 6620 7468 or example if th\n-00044ec0: 6520 5545 4649 2073 6563 7572 6520 626f e UEFI secure bo\n-00044ed0: 6f74 2069 7320 656e 6162 6c65 642e 2020 ot is enabled. \n-00044ee0: 4f6e 2061 206c 6f63 6b65 6420 646f 776e On a locked down\n-00044ef0: 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 .configuration, \n-00044f00: 7468 6520 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 6265 the GRUB will be\n-00044f10: 2072 6573 7472 6963 7465 6420 616e 6420 restricted and \n-00044f20: 736f 6d65 206f 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 732f some operations/\n-00044f30: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a63 616e 6e6f 7420 commands.cannot \n-00044f40: 6265 2065 7865 6375 7465 642e 0a0a 2020 be executed... \n-00044f50: 2054 6865 20e2 8098 6c6f 636b 646f 776e The ...lockdown\n-00044f60: e280 9920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2069 7320 ... variable is \n-00044f70: 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 79e2 8099 2077 set to ...y... w\n-00044f80: 6865 6e20 7468 6520 4752 5542 2069 7320 hen the GRUB is \n-00044f90: 6c6f 636b 6564 2064 6f77 6e2e 0a4f 7468 locked down..Oth\n-00044fa0: 6572 7769 7365 2069 7420 646f 6573 206e erwise it does n\n-00044fb0: 6f74 2065 7869 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 ot exit.....File\n-00044fc0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-00044fd0: 6465 3a20 506c 6174 666f 726d 206c 696d de: Platform lim\n-00044fe0: 6974 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 204e 6578 743a itations, Next:\n-00044ff0: 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 Platform-specif\n-00045000: 6963 206f 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 ic operations, \n-00045010: 5072 6576 3a20 5365 6375 7269 7479 2c20 Prev: Security, \n-00045020: 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3230 2050 6c61 Up: Top..20 Pla\n-00045030: 7466 6f72 6d20 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e tform limitation\n-00045040: 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a s.**************\n-00045050: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a47 5255 4232 *********..GRUB2\n-00045060: 2069 7320 6465 7369 676e 6564 2074 6f20 is designed to \n-00045070: 6265 2070 6f72 7461 626c 6520 616e 6420 be portable and \n-00045080: 6973 2061 6374 7561 6c6c 7920 706f 7274 is actually port\n-00045090: 6564 2061 6372 6f73 730a 706c 6174 666f ed across.platfo\n-000450a0: 726d 732e 2020 5765 2074 7279 2074 6f20 rms. We try to \n-000450b0: 6b65 6570 2061 6c6c 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 keep all platfor\n-000450c0: 6d73 2061 7420 7468 6520 6c65 7665 6c2e ms at the level.\n-000450d0: 2020 556e 666f 7274 756e 6174 656c 790a Unfortunately.\n-000450e0: 736f 6d65 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2061 some platforms a\n-000450f0: 7265 2062 6574 7465 7220 7375 7070 6f72 re better suppor\n-00045100: 7465 6420 7468 616e 206f 7468 6572 732e ted than others.\n-00045110: 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6465 7461 696c This is detail\n-00045120: 6564 2069 6e0a 6375 7272 656e 7420 616e ed in.current an\n-00045130: 6420 3220 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7365 d 2 following se\n-00045140: 6374 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 2020 416c 6c20 ctions... All \n-00045150: 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 6861 7665 2061 platforms have a\n-00045160: 6e20 6172 7469 6669 6369 616c 6c79 2047 n artificially G\n-00045170: 5255 4220 696d 706f 7365 6420 6469 736b RUB imposed disk\n-00045180: 2073 697a 6520 7265 7374 7269 6374 696f size restrictio\n-00045190: 6e0a 6f66 2031 2045 6942 2e20 496e 2073 n.of 1 EiB. In s\n-000451a0: 6f6d 6520 6361 7365 732c 206c 6172 6765 ome cases, large\n-000451b0: 7220 6469 736b 2073 697a 6573 2063 616e r disk sizes can\n-000451c0: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2c20 6275 7420 6163 be used, but ac\n-000451d0: 6365 7373 2077 696c 6c0a 6e6f 7420 6265 cess will.not be\n-000451e0: 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 6579 6f6e 6420 allowed beyond \n-000451f0: 3120 4569 422e 0a0a 2020 204c 554b 5332 1 EiB... LUKS2\n-00045200: 2064 6576 6963 6573 2077 6974 6820 7369 devices with si\n-00045210: 7a65 206c 6172 6765 7220 7468 616e 2031 ze larger than 1\n-00045220: 3620 4569 4220 6172 6520 6375 7272 656e 6 EiB are curren\n-00045230: 746c 7920 6e6f 740a 7375 7070 6f72 7465 tly not.supporte\n-00045240: 642e 2020 5468 6579 2063 616e 206e 6f74 d. They can not\n-00045250: 2062 6520 6372 6561 7465 6420 6173 2063 be created as c\n-00045260: 7279 7074 6f20 6465 7669 6365 7320 6279 rypto devices by\n-00045270: 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 736f cryptomount, so\n-00045280: 0a63 616e 206e 6f74 2065 7665 6e20 6265 .can not even be\n-00045290: 2070 6172 7469 616c 6c79 2072 6561 6420 partially read \n-000452a0: 6672 6f6d 2e20 204c 554b 5320 6861 7665 from. LUKS have\n-000452b0: 206e 6f20 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 7320 no limitations \n-000452c0: 6f74 6865 720a 7468 616e 2074 686f 7365 other.than those\n-000452d0: 2069 6d70 6f73 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 imposed by the \n-000452e0: 666f 726d 6174 2e0a 0a20 2020 4152 4320 format... ARC \n-000452f0: 706c 6174 666f 726d 2069 7320 756e 6162 platform is unab\n-00045300: 6c65 2074 6f20 6368 616e 6765 2064 6174 le to change dat\n-00045310: 6574 696d 6520 2866 6972 6d77 6172 6520 etime (firmware \n-00045320: 646f 6573 6e27 7420 7365 656d 2074 6f0a doesn't seem to.\n-00045330: 7072 6f76 6964 6520 6120 6675 6e63 7469 provide a functi\n-00045340: 6f6e 2066 6f72 2069 7429 2e20 2045 4d55 on for it). EMU\n-00045350: 2068 6173 2073 696d 696c 6172 206c 696d has similar lim\n-00045360: 6974 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 204f 6e20 itation... On \n-00045370: 454d 5520 706c 6174 666f 726d 206e 6f20 EMU platform no \n-00045380: 7365 7269 616c 2070 6f72 7420 6973 2061 serial port is a\n-00045390: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 436f vailable... Co\n-000453a0: 6e73 6f6c 6520 6368 6172 7365 7420 7265 nsole charset re\n-000453b0: 6665 7273 206f 6e6c 7920 746f 2066 6972 fers only to fir\n-000453c0: 6d77 6172 652d 6173 7369 7374 6564 2063 mware-assisted c\n-000453d0: 6f6e 736f 6c65 2e20 2067 6678 7465 726d onsole. gfxterm\n-000453e0: 2069 730a 616c 7761 7973 2055 6e69 636f is.always Unico\n-000453f0: 6465 2028 7365 6520 496e 7465 726e 6174 de (see Internat\n-00045400: 696f 6e61 6c69 7361 7469 6f6e 2073 6563 ionalisation sec\n-00045410: 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2069 7473 206c 696d tion for its lim\n-00045420: 6974 6174 696f 6e73 292e 0a53 6572 6961 itations)..Seria\n-00045430: 6c20 6973 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 626c l is configurabl\n-00045440: 6520 746f 2055 5446 2d38 206f 7220 4153 e to UTF-8 or AS\n-00045450: 4349 4920 2873 6565 2049 6e74 6572 6e61 CII (see Interna\n-00045460: 7469 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 696f 6e29 2e20 tionalisation). \n-00045470: 2049 6e0a 6361 7365 206f 6620 7165 6d75 In.case of qemu\n-00045480: 2061 6e64 2063 6f72 6562 6f6f 7420 706f and coreboot po\n-00045490: 7274 7320 7468 6520 7265 6665 7265 6420 rts the refered \n-000454a0: 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6973 2076 6761 5f74 console is vga_t\n-000454b0: 6578 742e 0a4c 6f6f 6e67 736f 6e20 616c ext..Loongson al\n-000454c0: 7761 7973 2075 7365 7320 6766 7874 6572 ways uses gfxter\n-000454d0: 6d2e 0a0a 2020 204d 6f73 7420 6c69 6d69 m... Most limi\n-000454e0: 7465 6420 6f6e 6520 6973 2041 5343 4949 ted one is ASCII\n-000454f0: 2e20 4350 3433 3720 7072 6f76 6964 6573 . CP437 provides\n-00045500: 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 790a 7073 additionally.ps\n-00045510: 6575 646f 6772 6170 6869 6373 2e20 2047 eudographics. G\n-00045520: 5255 4232 2064 6f65 736e 2774 2075 7365 RUB2 doesn't use\n-00045530: 2061 6e79 206c 616e 6775 6167 6520 6368 any language ch\n-00045540: 6172 6163 7465 7273 2066 726f 6d20 4350 aracters from CP\n-00045550: 3433 3720 6173 0a6f 6674 656e 2043 5034 437 as.often CP4\n-00045560: 3337 2069 7320 7265 706c 6163 6564 2062 37 is replaced b\n-00045570: 7920 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c 2065 6e63 6f64 y national encod\n-00045580: 696e 6720 636f 6d70 6174 6962 6c65 206f ing compatible o\n-00045590: 6e6c 7920 696e 0a70 7365 7564 6f67 7261 nly in.pseudogra\n-000455a0: 7068 6963 732e 2020 556e 6963 6f64 6520 phics. Unicode \n-000455b0: 6973 2074 6865 206d 6f73 7420 7665 7273 is the most vers\n-000455c0: 6174 696c 6520 6368 6172 7365 7420 7768 atile charset wh\n-000455d0: 6963 6820 7375 7070 6f72 7473 0a6d 616e ich supports.man\n-000455e0: 7920 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 732e 2020 486f y languages. Ho\n-000455f0: 7765 7665 7220 7468 6520 6163 7475 616c wever the actual\n-00045600: 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 206d 6179 2062 6520 console may be \n-00045610: 6d75 6368 206d 6f72 6520 6c69 6d69 7465 much more limite\n-00045620: 640a 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 2066 d.depending on f\n-00045630: 6972 6d77 6172 650a 0a20 2020 4f6e 2042 irmware.. On B\n-00045640: 494f 532c 206e 6574 776f 726b 2069 7320 IOS, network is \n-00045650: 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6f6e 6c79 2069 supported only i\n-00045660: 6620 7468 6520 696d 6167 6520 6973 206c f the image is l\n-00045670: 6f61 6465 6420 7468 726f 7567 680a 6e65 oaded through.ne\n-00045680: 7477 6f72 6b2e 2020 4f6e 2073 7061 7263 twork. On sparc\n-00045690: 3634 2c20 4752 5542 2069 7320 756e 6162 64, GRUB is unab\n-000456a0: 6c65 2074 6f20 6465 7465 726d 696e 6520 le to determine \n-000456b0: 7768 6963 6820 7365 7276 6572 2069 7420 which server it \n-000456c0: 7761 730a 626f 6f74 6564 2066 726f 6d2e was.booted from.\n-000456d0: 0a0a 2020 2044 6972 6563 7420 4154 412f .. Direct ATA/\n-000456e0: 4148 4349 2073 7570 706f 7274 2061 6c6c AHCI support all\n-000456f0: 6f77 7320 746f 2063 6972 6375 6d76 656e ows to circumven\n-00045700: 7420 7661 7269 6f75 7320 6669 726d 7761 t various firmwa\n-00045710: 7265 0a6c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 2062 re.limitations b\n-00045720: 7574 2069 736e 2774 206e 6565 6465 6420 ut isn't needed \n-00045730: 666f 7220 6e6f 726d 616c 206f 7065 7261 for normal opera\n-00045740: 7469 6f6e 2065 7863 6570 7420 6f6e 2062 tion except on b\n-00045750: 6172 656d 6574 616c 0a70 6f72 7473 2e0a aremetal.ports..\n-00045760: 0a20 2020 4154 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 . AT keyboard \n-00045770: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 616c 6c6f 7773 206b support allows k\n-00045780: 6579 626f 6172 6420 6c61 796f 7574 2072 eyboard layout r\n-00045790: 656d 6170 7069 6e67 2061 6e64 2073 7570 emapping and sup\n-000457a0: 706f 7274 2066 6f72 0a6b 6579 7320 6e6f port for.keys no\n-000457b0: 7420 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7468 726f t available thro\n-000457c0: 7567 6820 6669 726d 7761 7265 2e20 2049 ugh firmware. I\n-000457d0: 7420 6973 6e27 7420 6e65 6564 6564 2066 t isn't needed f\n-000457e0: 6f72 206e 6f72 6d61 6c0a 6f70 6572 6174 or normal.operat\n-000457f0: 696f 6e20 6578 6365 7074 2062 6172 656d ion except barem\n-00045800: 6574 616c 2070 6f72 7473 2e0a 0a20 2020 etal ports... \n-00045810: 5370 6561 6b65 7220 616c 6c6f 7773 206d Speaker allows m\n-00045820: 6f72 7365 2061 6e64 2073 706b 6d6f 6465 orse and spkmode\n-00045830: 6d20 636f 6d6d 756e 6963 6174 696f 6e2e m communication.\n-00045840: 0a0a 2020 2055 5342 2073 7570 706f 7274 .. USB support\n-00045850: 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 6265 6e65 6669 provides benefi\n-00045860: 7473 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 6f20 4154 ts similar to AT\n-00045870: 4120 2866 6f72 2055 5342 2064 6973 6b73 A (for USB disks\n-00045880: 2920 6f72 2041 540a 2866 6f72 2055 5342 ) or AT.(for USB\n-00045890: 206b 6579 626f 6172 6473 292e 2020 496e keyboards). In\n-000458a0: 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e20 6974 2061 6c6c addition it all\n-000458b0: 6f77 7320 5553 4273 6572 6961 6c2e 0a0a ows USBserial...\n-000458c0: 2020 2043 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 Chainloading \n-000458d0: 7265 6665 7273 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6162 refers to the ab\n-000458e0: 696c 6974 7920 746f 206c 6f61 6420 616e ility to load an\n-000458f0: 6f74 6865 7220 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 other bootloader\n-00045900: 2074 6872 6f75 6768 0a74 6865 2073 616d through.the sam\n-00045910: 6520 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 0a0a 2020 2048 e protocol.. H\n-00045920: 696e 7473 2061 6c6c 6f77 2066 6173 7465 ints allow faste\n-00045930: 7220 6469 736b 2064 6973 636f 7665 7279 r disk discovery\n-00045940: 2062 7920 616c 7265 6164 7920 6b6e 6f77 by already know\n-00045950: 696e 6720 696e 2061 6476 616e 6365 2077 ing in advance w\n-00045960: 6869 6368 0a69 7320 7468 6520 6469 736b hich.is the disk\n-00045970: 2069 6e20 7175 6573 7469 6f6e 2e20 204f in question. O\n-00045980: 6e20 736f 6d65 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 n some platforms\n-00045990: 2068 696e 7473 2061 7265 2063 6f72 7265 hints are corre\n-000459a0: 6374 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 796f 750a 6d6f ct unless you.mo\n-000459b0: 7665 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b20 6265 7477 ve the disk betw\n-000459c0: 6565 6e20 626f 6f74 732e 2020 4f6e 206f een boots. On o\n-000459d0: 7468 6572 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2069 ther platforms i\n-000459e0: 7427 7320 6a75 7374 2061 6e20 6564 7563 t's just an educ\n-000459f0: 6174 6564 0a67 7565 7373 2e20 204e 6f74 ated.guess. Not\n-00045a00: 6520 7468 6174 2068 696e 7420 6661 696c e that hint fail\n-00045a10: 7572 6520 7265 7375 6c74 7320 696e 206a ure results in j\n-00045a20: 7573 7420 7265 6475 6365 6420 7065 7266 ust reduced perf\n-00045a30: 6f72 6d61 6e63 652c 206e 6f74 0a61 2066 ormance, not.a f\n-00045a40: 6169 6c75 7265 0a0a 2020 2042 6164 5241 ailure.. BadRA\n-00045a50: 4d20 6973 2074 6865 2061 6269 6c69 7479 M is the ability\n-00045a60: 2074 6f20 6d61 726b 2073 6f6d 6520 6f66 to mark some of\n-00045a70: 2074 6865 2052 414d 2061 7320 2262 6164 the RAM as \"bad\n-00045a80: 222e 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 6475 6520 746f \". Note: due to\n-00045a90: 0a70 726f 746f 636f 6c20 6c69 6d69 7461 .protocol limita\n-00045aa0: 7469 6f6e 7320 6d69 7073 2d6c 6f6f 6e67 tions mips-loong\n-00045ab0: 736f 6e20 2877 6974 6820 4c69 6e75 7820 son (with Linux \n-00045ac0: 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 616e 640a 6d69 protocol) and.mi\n-00045ad0: 7073 2d71 656d 755f 6d69 7073 2063 616e ps-qemu_mips can\n-00045ae0: 2075 7365 206f 6e6c 7920 6d65 6d6f 7279 use only memory\n-00045af0: 2075 7020 746f 2066 6972 7374 2068 6f6c up to first hol\n-00045b00: 652e 0a0a 2020 2042 6f6f 746c 6f63 6174 e... Bootlocat\n-00045b10: 696f 6e20 6973 2061 6269 6c69 7479 206f ion is ability o\n-00045b20: 6620 4752 5542 2074 6f20 6175 746f 6d61 f GRUB to automa\n-00045b30: 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 6465 7465 6374 2077 tically detect w\n-00045b40: 6865 7265 2069 740a 626f 6f74 7320 6672 here it.boots fr\n-00045b50: 6f6d 2e20 2022 6469 736b 2220 6d65 616e om. \"disk\" mean\n-00045b60: 7320 7468 6520 6465 7465 6374 696f 6e20 s the detection \n-00045b70: 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2074 6f20 6465 is limited to de\n-00045b80: 7465 6374 696e 6720 7468 6520 6469 736b tecting the disk\n-00045b90: 0a77 6974 6820 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 .with partition \n-00045ba0: 6265 696e 6720 6469 7363 6f76 6572 6564 being discovered\n-00045bb0: 206f 6e20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 7469 6d65 on install time\n-00045bc0: 2e20 2022 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e22 206d . \"partition\" m\n-00045bd0: 6561 6e73 2074 6861 740a 6469 736b 2061 eans that.disk a\n-00045be0: 6e64 2070 6172 7469 746f 6e20 6361 6e20 nd partiton can \n-00045bf0: 6265 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 be automatically\n-00045c00: 2064 6973 636f 7665 7265 642e 2020 2266 discovered. \"f\n-00045c10: 696c 6522 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 740a ile\" means that.\n-00045c20: 626f 6f74 2069 6d61 6765 2066 696c 6520 boot image file \n-00045c30: 6e61 6d65 2061 7320 7765 6c6c 2061 7320 name as well as \n-00045c40: 6469 736b 2061 6e64 2070 6172 7469 7469 disk and partiti\n-00045c50: 6f6e 2063 616e 2062 6520 6469 7363 6f76 on can be discov\n-00045c60: 6572 6564 2e0a 466f 7220 636f 6e73 6973 ered..For consis\n-00045c70: 7465 6e63 792c 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 tency, default i\n-00045c80: 6e73 7461 6c6c 2069 676e 6f72 6573 2070 nstall ignores p\n-00045c90: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 2072 656c artition and rel\n-00045ca0: 6965 7320 736f 6c65 6c79 206f 6e0a 6469 ies solely on.di\n-00045cb0: 736b 2064 6574 6563 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 sk detection. I\n-00045cc0: 6620 6e6f 2062 6f6f 746c 6f63 6174 696f f no bootlocatio\n-00045cd0: 6e20 6469 7363 6f76 6572 7920 6973 2061 n discovery is a\n-00045ce0: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 7220 626f 6f74 vailable or boot\n-00045cf0: 2061 6e64 0a67 7275 622d 726f 6f74 2064 and.grub-root d\n-00045d00: 6973 6b73 2061 7265 2064 6966 6665 7265 isks are differe\n-00045d10: 6e74 2c20 5555 4944 2069 7320 7573 6564 nt, UUID is used\n-00045d20: 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2e20 204f 6e20 4152 instead. On AR\n-00045d30: 4320 6966 206e 6f0a 6465 7669 6365 2074 C if no.device t\n-00045d40: 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 746f 2069 7320 o install to is \n-00045d50: 7370 6563 6966 6965 642c 2055 5549 4420 specified, UUID \n-00045d60: 6973 2075 7365 6420 696e 7374 6561 6420 is used instead \n-00045d70: 6173 2077 656c 6c2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 as well... \n-00045d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2042 494f 5320 2020 BIOS \n-00045d90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 436f 7265 626f 6f74 Coreboot\n-00045da0: 2020 2020 2020 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 Multiboot\n-00045db0: 2020 2020 2020 5165 6d75 0a76 6964 656f Qemu.video\n-00045dc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-00045dd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-00045de0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-00045df0: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a63 6f6e 736f yes.conso\n-00045e00: 6c65 2020 2020 2020 2020 4350 3433 3720 le CP437 \n-00045e10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 5034 3337 2020 CP437 \n-00045e20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4350 3433 3720 2020 CP437 \n-00045e30: 2020 2020 2020 2043 5034 3337 0a63 6861 CP437.cha\n-00045e40: 7273 6574 0a6e 6574 776f 726b 2020 2020 rset.network \n-00045e50: 2020 2020 7965 7320 282a 2920 2020 2020 yes (*) \n-00045e60: 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00045e70: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00045e80: 206e 6f0a 4154 412f 4148 4349 2020 2020 no.ATA/AHCI \n-00045e90: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045ea0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045eb0: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045ec0: 7965 730a 4154 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 yes.AT keyboard \n-00045ed0: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045ee0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045ef0: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045f00: 7965 730a 5370 6561 6b65 7220 2020 2020 yes.Speaker \n-00045f10: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045f20: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045f30: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045f40: 7965 730a 5553 4220 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes.USB \n-00045f50: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045f60: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045f70: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045f80: 7965 730a 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 yes.chainloader \n-00045f90: 2020 206c 6f63 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 local \n-00045fa0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045fb0: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00045fc0: 6e6f 0a63 7075 6964 2020 2020 2020 2020 no.cpuid \n-00045fd0: 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 partial \n-00045fe0: 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 partial \n-00045ff0: 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 partial p\n-00046000: 6172 7469 616c 0a72 646d 7372 2020 2020 artial.rdmsr \n-00046010: 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 partial \n-00046020: 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 partial \n-00046030: 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 partial \n-00046040: 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 0a77 726d 7372 partial.wrmsr\n-00046050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 partia\n-00046060: 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c l partial\n-00046070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 partial \n-00046080: 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 0a68 partial.h\n-00046090: 696e 7473 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6775 ints gu\n-000460a0: 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7565 ess gue\n-000460b0: 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6775 6573 ss gues\n-000460c0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7565 7373 s guess\n-000460d0: 0a50 4349 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .PCI \n-000460e0: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 yes y\n-000460f0: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 es ye\n-00046100: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 s yes\n-00046110: 0a62 6164 7261 6d20 2020 2020 2020 2020 .badram \n-00046120: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 yes y\n-00046130: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 es ye\n-00046140: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 s yes\n-00046150: 0a63 6f6d 7072 6573 7369 6f6e 2020 2020 .compression \n-00046160: 616c 7761 7973 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 always p\n-00046170: 6f69 6e74 6c65 7373 2020 2020 2020 6e6f ointless no\n-00046180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a no.\n-00046190: 6578 6974 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 exit y\n-000461a0: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f es no\n-000461b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n-000461c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a62 no.b\n-000461d0: 6f6f 746c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 2020 6469 ootlocation di\n-000461e0: 736b 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 sk no \n-000461f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 no \n-00046200: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 0a20 no.. \n-00046210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6961 ia\n-00046220: 3332 2045 4649 2020 2020 2020 2061 6d64 32 EFI amd\n-00046230: 3634 2045 4649 2020 2020 2020 6961 3332 64 EFI ia32\n-00046240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 7461 6e69 Itani\n-00046250: 756d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 um. \n+00044e60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 ===========..The\n+00044e70: 2047 5255 4220 6361 6e20 6265 206c 6f63 GRUB can be loc\n+00044e80: 6b65 6420 646f 776e 2077 6865 6e20 626f ked down when bo\n+00044e90: 6f74 6564 206f 6e20 6120 7365 6375 7265 oted on a secure\n+00044ea0: 2062 6f6f 7420 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e boot environmen\n+00044eb0: 742c 0a66 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2069 t,.for example i\n+00044ec0: 6620 7468 6520 5545 4649 2073 6563 7572 f the UEFI secur\n+00044ed0: 6520 626f 6f74 2069 7320 656e 6162 6c65 e boot is enable\n+00044ee0: 642e 2020 4f6e 2061 206c 6f63 6b65 6420 d. On a locked \n+00044ef0: 646f 776e 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 down.configurati\n+00044f00: 6f6e 2c20 7468 6520 4752 5542 2077 696c on, the GRUB wil\n+00044f10: 6c20 6265 2072 6573 7472 6963 7465 6420 l be restricted \n+00044f20: 616e 6420 736f 6d65 206f 7065 7261 7469 and some operati\n+00044f30: 6f6e 732f 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 0a63 616e ons/commands.can\n+00044f40: 6e6f 7420 6265 2065 7865 6375 7465 642e not be executed.\n+00044f50: 0a0a 2020 2054 6865 20e2 8098 6c6f 636b .. The ...lock\n+00044f60: 646f 776e e280 9920 7661 7269 6162 6c65 down... variable\n+00044f70: 2069 7320 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 79e2 is set to ...y.\n+00044f80: 8099 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6520 4752 5542 .. when the GRUB\n+00044f90: 2069 7320 6c6f 636b 6564 2064 6f77 6e2e is locked down.\n+00044fa0: 0a4f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2069 7420 646f .Otherwise it do\n+00044fb0: 6573 206e 6f74 2065 7869 742e 0a0a 1f0a es not exit.....\n+00044fc0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+00044fd0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 506c 6174 666f 726d Node: Platform\n+00044fe0: 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 204e limitations, N\n+00044ff0: 6578 743a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 ext: Platform-sp\n+00045000: 6563 6966 6963 206f 7065 7261 7469 6f6e ecific operation\n+00045010: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5365 6375 7269 s, Prev: Securi\n+00045020: 7479 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3230 ty, Up: Top..20\n+00045030: 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 6c69 6d69 7461 Platform limita\n+00045040: 7469 6f6e 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a tions.**********\n+00045050: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a47 *************..G\n+00045060: 5255 4232 2069 7320 6465 7369 676e 6564 RUB2 is designed\n+00045070: 2074 6f20 6265 2070 6f72 7461 626c 6520 to be portable \n+00045080: 616e 6420 6973 2061 6374 7561 6c6c 7920 and is actually \n+00045090: 706f 7274 6564 2061 6372 6f73 730a 706c ported across.pl\n+000450a0: 6174 666f 726d 732e 2020 5765 2074 7279 atforms. We try\n+000450b0: 2074 6f20 6b65 6570 2061 6c6c 2070 6c61 to keep all pla\n+000450c0: 7466 6f72 6d73 2061 7420 7468 6520 6c65 tforms at the le\n+000450d0: 7665 6c2e 2020 556e 666f 7274 756e 6174 vel. Unfortunat\n+000450e0: 656c 790a 736f 6d65 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 ely.some platfor\n+000450f0: 6d73 2061 7265 2062 6574 7465 7220 7375 ms are better su\n+00045100: 7070 6f72 7465 6420 7468 616e 206f 7468 pported than oth\n+00045110: 6572 732e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6465 ers. This is de\n+00045120: 7461 696c 6564 2069 6e0a 6375 7272 656e tailed in.curren\n+00045130: 7420 616e 6420 3220 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e t and 2 followin\n+00045140: 6720 7365 6374 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a20 2020 g sections... \n+00045150: 416c 6c20 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 6861 All platforms ha\n+00045160: 7665 2061 6e20 6172 7469 6669 6369 616c ve an artificial\n+00045170: 6c79 2047 5255 4220 696d 706f 7365 6420 ly GRUB imposed \n+00045180: 6469 736b 2073 697a 6520 7265 7374 7269 disk size restri\n+00045190: 6374 696f 6e0a 6f66 2031 2045 6942 2e20 ction.of 1 EiB. \n+000451a0: 496e 2073 6f6d 6520 6361 7365 732c 206c In some cases, l\n+000451b0: 6172 6765 7220 6469 736b 2073 697a 6573 arger disk sizes\n+000451c0: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2c20 6275 can be used, bu\n+000451d0: 7420 6163 6365 7373 2077 696c 6c0a 6e6f t access will.no\n+000451e0: 7420 6265 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 6579 t be allowed bey\n+000451f0: 6f6e 6420 3120 4569 422e 0a0a 2020 204c ond 1 EiB... L\n+00045200: 554b 5332 2064 6576 6963 6573 2077 6974 UKS2 devices wit\n+00045210: 6820 7369 7a65 206c 6172 6765 7220 7468 h size larger th\n+00045220: 616e 2031 3620 4569 4220 6172 6520 6375 an 16 EiB are cu\n+00045230: 7272 656e 746c 7920 6e6f 740a 7375 7070 rrently not.supp\n+00045240: 6f72 7465 642e 2020 5468 6579 2063 616e orted. They can\n+00045250: 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6372 6561 7465 6420 not be created \n+00045260: 6173 2063 7279 7074 6f20 6465 7669 6365 as crypto device\n+00045270: 7320 6279 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 s by cryptomount\n+00045280: 2c20 736f 0a63 616e 206e 6f74 2065 7665 , so.can not eve\n+00045290: 6e20 6265 2070 6172 7469 616c 6c79 2072 n be partially r\n+000452a0: 6561 6420 6672 6f6d 2e20 204c 554b 5320 ead from. LUKS \n+000452b0: 6861 7665 206e 6f20 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 have no limitati\n+000452c0: 6f6e 7320 6f74 6865 720a 7468 616e 2074 ons other.than t\n+000452d0: 686f 7365 2069 6d70 6f73 6564 2062 7920 hose imposed by \n+000452e0: 7468 6520 666f 726d 6174 2e0a 0a20 2020 the format... \n+000452f0: 4152 4320 706c 6174 666f 726d 2069 7320 ARC platform is \n+00045300: 756e 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6368 616e 6765 unable to change\n+00045310: 2064 6174 6574 696d 6520 2866 6972 6d77 datetime (firmw\n+00045320: 6172 6520 646f 6573 6e27 7420 7365 656d are doesn't seem\n+00045330: 2074 6f0a 7072 6f76 6964 6520 6120 6675 to.provide a fu\n+00045340: 6e63 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2069 7429 2e20 nction for it). \n+00045350: 2045 4d55 2068 6173 2073 696d 696c 6172 EMU has similar\n+00045360: 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 limitation... \n+00045370: 204f 6e20 454d 5520 706c 6174 666f 726d On EMU platform\n+00045380: 206e 6f20 7365 7269 616c 2070 6f72 7420 no serial port \n+00045390: 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e0a 0a20 is available... \n+000453a0: 2020 436f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6368 6172 7365 Console charse\n+000453b0: 7420 7265 6665 7273 206f 6e6c 7920 746f t refers only to\n+000453c0: 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652d 6173 7369 7374 firmware-assist\n+000453d0: 6564 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 2e20 2067 6678 ed console. gfx\n+000453e0: 7465 726d 2069 730a 616c 7761 7973 2055 term is.always U\n+000453f0: 6e69 636f 6465 2028 7365 6520 496e 7465 nicode (see Inte\n+00045400: 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c69 7361 7469 6f6e rnationalisation\n+00045410: 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2069 7473 section for its\n+00045420: 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 292e 0a53 limitations)..S\n+00045430: 6572 6961 6c20 6973 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 erial is configu\n+00045440: 7261 626c 6520 746f 2055 5446 2d38 206f rable to UTF-8 o\n+00045450: 7220 4153 4349 4920 2873 6565 2049 6e74 r ASCII (see Int\n+00045460: 6572 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 696f ernationalisatio\n+00045470: 6e29 2e20 2049 6e0a 6361 7365 206f 6620 n). In.case of \n+00045480: 7165 6d75 2061 6e64 2063 6f72 6562 6f6f qemu and coreboo\n+00045490: 7420 706f 7274 7320 7468 6520 7265 6665 t ports the refe\n+000454a0: 7265 6420 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6973 2076 red console is v\n+000454b0: 6761 5f74 6578 742e 0a4c 6f6f 6e67 736f ga_text..Loongso\n+000454c0: 6e20 616c 7761 7973 2075 7365 7320 6766 n always uses gf\n+000454d0: 7874 6572 6d2e 0a0a 2020 204d 6f73 7420 xterm... Most \n+000454e0: 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 6f6e 6520 6973 2041 limited one is A\n+000454f0: 5343 4949 2e20 4350 3433 3720 7072 6f76 SCII. CP437 prov\n+00045500: 6964 6573 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c ides additionall\n+00045510: 790a 7073 6575 646f 6772 6170 6869 6373 y.pseudographics\n+00045520: 2e20 2047 5255 4232 2064 6f65 736e 2774 . GRUB2 doesn't\n+00045530: 2075 7365 2061 6e79 206c 616e 6775 6167 use any languag\n+00045540: 6520 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2066 726f e characters fro\n+00045550: 6d20 4350 3433 3720 6173 0a6f 6674 656e m CP437 as.often\n+00045560: 2043 5034 3337 2069 7320 7265 706c 6163 CP437 is replac\n+00045570: 6564 2062 7920 6e61 7469 6f6e 616c 2065 ed by national e\n+00045580: 6e63 6f64 696e 6720 636f 6d70 6174 6962 ncoding compatib\n+00045590: 6c65 206f 6e6c 7920 696e 0a70 7365 7564 le only in.pseud\n+000455a0: 6f67 7261 7068 6963 732e 2020 556e 6963 ographics. Unic\n+000455b0: 6f64 6520 6973 2074 6865 206d 6f73 7420 ode is the most \n+000455c0: 7665 7273 6174 696c 6520 6368 6172 7365 versatile charse\n+000455d0: 7420 7768 6963 6820 7375 7070 6f72 7473 t which supports\n+000455e0: 0a6d 616e 7920 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 732e .many languages.\n+000455f0: 2020 486f 7765 7665 7220 7468 6520 6163 However the ac\n+00045600: 7475 616c 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 206d 6179 tual console may\n+00045610: 2062 6520 6d75 6368 206d 6f72 6520 6c69 be much more li\n+00045620: 6d69 7465 640a 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 mited.depending \n+00045630: 6f6e 2066 6972 6d77 6172 650a 0a20 2020 on firmware.. \n+00045640: 4f6e 2042 494f 532c 206e 6574 776f 726b On BIOS, network\n+00045650: 2069 7320 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6f6e is supported on\n+00045660: 6c79 2069 6620 7468 6520 696d 6167 6520 ly if the image \n+00045670: 6973 206c 6f61 6465 6420 7468 726f 7567 is loaded throug\n+00045680: 680a 6e65 7477 6f72 6b2e 2020 4f6e 2073 h.network. On s\n+00045690: 7061 7263 3634 2c20 4752 5542 2069 7320 parc64, GRUB is \n+000456a0: 756e 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6465 7465 726d unable to determ\n+000456b0: 696e 6520 7768 6963 6820 7365 7276 6572 ine which server\n+000456c0: 2069 7420 7761 730a 626f 6f74 6564 2066 it was.booted f\n+000456d0: 726f 6d2e 0a0a 2020 2044 6972 6563 7420 rom... Direct \n+000456e0: 4154 412f 4148 4349 2073 7570 706f 7274 ATA/AHCI support\n+000456f0: 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 746f 2063 6972 6375 allows to circu\n+00045700: 6d76 656e 7420 7661 7269 6f75 7320 6669 mvent various fi\n+00045710: 726d 7761 7265 0a6c 696d 6974 6174 696f rmware.limitatio\n+00045720: 6e73 2062 7574 2069 736e 2774 206e 6565 ns but isn't nee\n+00045730: 6465 6420 666f 7220 6e6f 726d 616c 206f ded for normal o\n+00045740: 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 2065 7863 6570 7420 peration except \n+00045750: 6f6e 2062 6172 656d 6574 616c 0a70 6f72 on baremetal.por\n+00045760: 7473 2e0a 0a20 2020 4154 206b 6579 626f ts... AT keybo\n+00045770: 6172 6420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 616c 6c6f ard support allo\n+00045780: 7773 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 6c61 796f ws keyboard layo\n+00045790: 7574 2072 656d 6170 7069 6e67 2061 6e64 ut remapping and\n+000457a0: 2073 7570 706f 7274 2066 6f72 0a6b 6579 support for.key\n+000457b0: 7320 6e6f 7420 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 s not available \n+000457c0: 7468 726f 7567 6820 6669 726d 7761 7265 through firmware\n+000457d0: 2e20 2049 7420 6973 6e27 7420 6e65 6564 . It isn't need\n+000457e0: 6564 2066 6f72 206e 6f72 6d61 6c0a 6f70 ed for normal.op\n+000457f0: 6572 6174 696f 6e20 6578 6365 7074 2062 eration except b\n+00045800: 6172 656d 6574 616c 2070 6f72 7473 2e0a aremetal ports..\n+00045810: 0a20 2020 5370 6561 6b65 7220 616c 6c6f . Speaker allo\n+00045820: 7773 206d 6f72 7365 2061 6e64 2073 706b ws morse and spk\n+00045830: 6d6f 6465 6d20 636f 6d6d 756e 6963 6174 modem communicat\n+00045840: 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2055 5342 2073 7570 ion... USB sup\n+00045850: 706f 7274 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 6265 port provides be\n+00045860: 6e65 6669 7473 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 nefits similar t\n+00045870: 6f20 4154 4120 2866 6f72 2055 5342 2064 o ATA (for USB d\n+00045880: 6973 6b73 2920 6f72 2041 540a 2866 6f72 isks) or AT.(for\n+00045890: 2055 5342 206b 6579 626f 6172 6473 292e USB keyboards).\n+000458a0: 2020 496e 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e20 6974 In addition it\n+000458b0: 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 5553 4273 6572 6961 allows USBseria\n+000458c0: 6c2e 0a0a 2020 2043 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 l... Chainload\n+000458d0: 696e 6720 7265 6665 7273 2074 6f20 7468 ing refers to th\n+000458e0: 6520 6162 696c 6974 7920 746f 206c 6f61 e ability to loa\n+000458f0: 6420 616e 6f74 6865 7220 626f 6f74 6c6f d another bootlo\n+00045900: 6164 6572 2074 6872 6f75 6768 0a74 6865 ader through.the\n+00045910: 2073 616d 6520 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 0a0a same protocol..\n+00045920: 2020 2048 696e 7473 2061 6c6c 6f77 2066 Hints allow f\n+00045930: 6173 7465 7220 6469 736b 2064 6973 636f aster disk disco\n+00045940: 7665 7279 2062 7920 616c 7265 6164 7920 very by already \n+00045950: 6b6e 6f77 696e 6720 696e 2061 6476 616e knowing in advan\n+00045960: 6365 2077 6869 6368 0a69 7320 7468 6520 ce which.is the \n+00045970: 6469 736b 2069 6e20 7175 6573 7469 6f6e disk in question\n+00045980: 2e20 204f 6e20 736f 6d65 2070 6c61 7466 . On some platf\n+00045990: 6f72 6d73 2068 696e 7473 2061 7265 2063 orms hints are c\n+000459a0: 6f72 7265 6374 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 796f orrect unless yo\n+000459b0: 750a 6d6f 7665 2074 6865 2064 6973 6b20 u.move the disk \n+000459c0: 6265 7477 6565 6e20 626f 6f74 732e 2020 between boots. \n+000459d0: 4f6e 206f 7468 6572 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 On other platfor\n+000459e0: 6d73 2069 7427 7320 6a75 7374 2061 6e20 ms it's just an \n+000459f0: 6564 7563 6174 6564 0a67 7565 7373 2e20 educated.guess. \n+00045a00: 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2068 696e 7420 Note that hint \n+00045a10: 6661 696c 7572 6520 7265 7375 6c74 7320 failure results \n+00045a20: 696e 206a 7573 7420 7265 6475 6365 6420 in just reduced \n+00045a30: 7065 7266 6f72 6d61 6e63 652c 206e 6f74 performance, not\n+00045a40: 0a61 2066 6169 6c75 7265 0a0a 2020 2042 .a failure.. B\n+00045a50: 6164 5241 4d20 6973 2074 6865 2061 6269 adRAM is the abi\n+00045a60: 6c69 7479 2074 6f20 6d61 726b 2073 6f6d lity to mark som\n+00045a70: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2052 414d 2061 7320 e of the RAM as \n+00045a80: 2262 6164 222e 2020 4e6f 7465 3a20 6475 \"bad\". Note: du\n+00045a90: 6520 746f 0a70 726f 746f 636f 6c20 6c69 e to.protocol li\n+00045aa0: 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 7320 6d69 7073 2d6c mitations mips-l\n+00045ab0: 6f6f 6e67 736f 6e20 2877 6974 6820 4c69 oongson (with Li\n+00045ac0: 6e75 7820 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 616e nux protocol) an\n+00045ad0: 640a 6d69 7073 2d71 656d 755f 6d69 7073 d.mips-qemu_mips\n+00045ae0: 2063 616e 2075 7365 206f 6e6c 7920 6d65 can use only me\n+00045af0: 6d6f 7279 2075 7020 746f 2066 6972 7374 mory up to first\n+00045b00: 2068 6f6c 652e 0a0a 2020 2042 6f6f 746c hole... Bootl\n+00045b10: 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6973 2061 6269 6c69 ocation is abili\n+00045b20: 7479 206f 6620 4752 5542 2074 6f20 6175 ty of GRUB to au\n+00045b30: 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 6465 7465 tomatically dete\n+00045b40: 6374 2077 6865 7265 2069 740a 626f 6f74 ct where it.boot\n+00045b50: 7320 6672 6f6d 2e20 2022 6469 736b 2220 s from. \"disk\" \n+00045b60: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 6465 7465 6374 means the detect\n+00045b70: 696f 6e20 6973 206c 696d 6974 6564 2074 ion is limited t\n+00045b80: 6f20 6465 7465 6374 696e 6720 7468 6520 o detecting the \n+00045b90: 6469 736b 0a77 6974 6820 7061 7274 6974 disk.with partit\n+00045ba0: 696f 6e20 6265 696e 6720 6469 7363 6f76 ion being discov\n+00045bb0: 6572 6564 206f 6e20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 ered on install \n+00045bc0: 7469 6d65 2e20 2022 7061 7274 6974 696f time. \"partitio\n+00045bd0: 6e22 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 740a 6469 n\" means that.di\n+00045be0: 736b 2061 6e64 2070 6172 7469 746f 6e20 sk and partiton \n+00045bf0: 6361 6e20 6265 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 can be automatic\n+00045c00: 616c 6c79 2064 6973 636f 7665 7265 642e ally discovered.\n+00045c10: 2020 2266 696c 6522 206d 6561 6e73 2074 \"file\" means t\n+00045c20: 6861 740a 626f 6f74 2069 6d61 6765 2066 hat.boot image f\n+00045c30: 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2061 7320 7765 6c6c ile name as well\n+00045c40: 2061 7320 6469 736b 2061 6e64 2070 6172 as disk and par\n+00045c50: 7469 7469 6f6e 2063 616e 2062 6520 6469 tition can be di\n+00045c60: 7363 6f76 6572 6564 2e0a 466f 7220 636f scovered..For co\n+00045c70: 6e73 6973 7465 6e63 792c 2064 6566 6175 nsistency, defau\n+00045c80: 6c74 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2069 676e 6f72 lt install ignor\n+00045c90: 6573 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 es partition and\n+00045ca0: 2072 656c 6965 7320 736f 6c65 6c79 206f relies solely o\n+00045cb0: 6e0a 6469 736b 2064 6574 6563 7469 6f6e n.disk detection\n+00045cc0: 2e20 2049 6620 6e6f 2062 6f6f 746c 6f63 . If no bootloc\n+00045cd0: 6174 696f 6e20 6469 7363 6f76 6572 7920 ation discovery \n+00045ce0: 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 7220 is available or \n+00045cf0: 626f 6f74 2061 6e64 0a67 7275 622d 726f boot and.grub-ro\n+00045d00: 6f74 2064 6973 6b73 2061 7265 2064 6966 ot disks are dif\n+00045d10: 6665 7265 6e74 2c20 5555 4944 2069 7320 ferent, UUID is \n+00045d20: 7573 6564 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2e20 204f used instead. O\n+00045d30: 6e20 4152 4320 6966 206e 6f0a 6465 7669 n ARC if no.devi\n+00045d40: 6365 2074 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 746f ce to install to\n+00045d50: 2069 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 642c 2055 is specified, U\n+00045d60: 5549 4420 6973 2075 7365 6420 696e 7374 UID is used inst\n+00045d70: 6561 6420 6173 2077 656c 6c2e 0a0a 2020 ead as well... \n+00045d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2042 494f BIO\n+00045d90: 5320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 436f 7265 S Core\n+00045da0: 626f 6f74 2020 2020 2020 204d 756c 7469 boot Multi\n+00045db0: 626f 6f74 2020 2020 2020 5165 6d75 0a76 boot Qemu.v\n+00045dc0: 6964 656f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ideo ye\n+00045dd0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 s yes\n+00045de0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n+00045df0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a63 yes.c\n+00045e00: 6f6e 736f 6c65 2020 2020 2020 2020 4350 onsole CP\n+00045e10: 3433 3720 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 5034 437 CP4\n+00045e20: 3337 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4350 3433 37 CP43\n+00045e30: 3720 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 5034 3337 7 CP437\n+00045e40: 0a63 6861 7273 6574 0a6e 6574 776f 726b .charset.network\n+00045e50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 282a 2920 yes (*) \n+00045e60: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00045e70: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00045e80: 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 4154 412f 4148 4349 no.ATA/AHCI\n+00045e90: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045ea0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045eb0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045ec0: 2020 2020 7965 730a 4154 206b 6579 626f yes.AT keybo\n+00045ed0: 6172 6420 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 ard yes \n+00045ee0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045ef0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045f00: 2020 2020 7965 730a 5370 6561 6b65 7220 yes.Speaker \n+00045f10: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045f20: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045f30: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045f40: 2020 2020 7965 730a 5553 4220 2020 2020 yes.USB \n+00045f50: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045f60: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045f70: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045f80: 2020 2020 7965 730a 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 yes.chainloa\n+00045f90: 6465 7220 2020 206c 6f63 616c 2020 2020 der local \n+00045fa0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045fb0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00045fc0: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 7075 6964 2020 2020 no.cpuid \n+00045fd0: 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 partial \n+00045fe0: 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 partial \n+00045ff0: 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 partial \n+00046000: 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 0a72 646d 7372 partial.rdmsr\n+00046010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 partia\n+00046020: 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c l partial\n+00046030: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 partial \n+00046040: 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 0a77 partial.w\n+00046050: 726d 7372 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 rmsr pa\n+00046060: 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 rtial par\n+00046070: 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 tial part\n+00046080: 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 ial parti\n+00046090: 616c 0a68 696e 7473 2020 2020 2020 2020 al.hints \n+000460a0: 2020 6775 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 guess \n+000460b0: 2067 7565 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 guess \n+000460c0: 6775 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 guess g\n+000460d0: 7565 7373 0a50 4349 2020 2020 2020 2020 uess.PCI \n+000460e0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000460f0: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046100: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046110: 2079 6573 0a62 6164 7261 6d20 2020 2020 yes.badram \n+00046120: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046130: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046140: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046150: 2079 6573 0a63 6f6d 7072 6573 7369 6f6e yes.compression\n+00046160: 2020 2020 616c 7761 7973 2020 2020 2020 always \n+00046170: 2020 2070 6f69 6e74 6c65 7373 2020 2020 pointless \n+00046180: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046190: 206e 6f0a 6578 6974 2020 2020 2020 2020 no.exit \n+000461a0: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000461b0: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+000461c0: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+000461d0: 6e6f 0a62 6f6f 746c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 no.bootlocation \n+000461e0: 2020 6469 736b 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 disk \n+000461f0: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046200: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n+00046210: 6f0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o.. \n+00046220: 2020 6961 3332 2045 4649 2020 2020 2020 ia32 EFI \n+00046230: 2061 6d64 3634 2045 4649 2020 2020 2020 amd64 EFI \n+00046240: 6961 3332 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 ia32 I\n+00046250: 7461 6e69 756d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 tanium. \n 00046260: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 00046270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00046280: 4945 4545 3132 3735 0a76 6964 656f 2020 IEEE1275.video \n-00046290: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-000462a0: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000462b0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000462c0: 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 no.console \n-000462d0: 2020 2020 2020 2055 6e69 636f 6465 2020 Unicode \n-000462e0: 2020 2020 2020 556e 6963 6f64 6520 2020 Unicode \n-000462f0: 2020 2020 2041 5343 4949 2020 2020 2020 ASCII \n-00046300: 2020 2020 556e 6963 6f64 650a 6368 6172 Unicode.char\n-00046310: 7365 740a 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 2020 2020 set.network \n-00046320: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046330: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046340: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046350: 7965 730a 4154 412f 4148 4349 2020 2020 yes.ATA/AHCI \n-00046360: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046370: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046380: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046390: 6e6f 0a41 5420 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2020 no.AT keyboard \n-000463a0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000463b0: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000463c0: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e yes n\n-000463d0: 6f0a 5370 6561 6b65 7220 2020 2020 2020 o.Speaker \n-000463e0: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000463f0: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 yes y\n-00046400: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f es no\n-00046410: 0a55 5342 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .USB \n-00046420: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 yes y\n-00046430: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 es ye\n-00046440: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a s no.\n-00046450: 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 206c chainloader l\n-00046460: 6f63 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c6f ocal lo\n-00046470: 6361 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 cal no \n-00046480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c6f 6361 loca\n-00046490: 6c0a 6370 7569 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 l.cpuid \n-000464a0: 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 partial \n-000464b0: 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 partial p\n-000464c0: 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f artial no\n-000464d0: 0a72 646d 7372 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .rdmsr \n-000464e0: 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 partial p\n-000464f0: 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 artial pa\n-00046500: 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a rtial no.\n-00046510: 7772 6d73 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 wrmsr p\n-00046520: 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 artial pa\n-00046530: 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2070 6172 rtial par\n-00046540: 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a68 tial no.h\n-00046550: 696e 7473 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6775 ints gu\n-00046560: 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7565 ess gue\n-00046570: 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 676f 6f64 ss good\n-00046580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 7565 7373 guess\n-00046590: 0a50 4349 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .PCI \n-000465a0: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 yes y\n-000465b0: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 es ye\n-000465c0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a s no.\n-000465d0: 6261 6472 616d 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 badram y\n-000465e0: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 es ye\n-000465f0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 s no \n-00046600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n-00046610: 636f 6d70 7265 7373 696f 6e20 2020 206e compression n\n-00046620: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n-00046630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n-00046640: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a65 no.e\n-00046650: 7869 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 xit ye\n-00046660: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 s yes\n-00046670: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n-00046680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a62 yes.b\n-00046690: 6f6f 746c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 2020 6669 ootlocation fi\n-000466a0: 6c65 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 696c le fil\n-000466b0: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6669 6c65 e file\n-000466c0: 2c20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 696c 650a , file.\n-000466d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00046280: 2020 2020 4945 4545 3132 3735 0a76 6964 IEEE1275.vid\n+00046290: 656f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 eo yes \n+000462a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n+000462b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 no \n+000462c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 636f 6e73 no.cons\n+000462d0: 6f6c 6520 2020 2020 2020 2055 6e69 636f ole Unico\n+000462e0: 6465 2020 2020 2020 2020 556e 6963 6f64 de Unicod\n+000462f0: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2041 5343 4949 2020 e ASCII \n+00046300: 2020 2020 2020 2020 556e 6963 6f64 650a Unicode.\n+00046310: 6368 6172 7365 740a 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 charset.network \n+00046320: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046330: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046340: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046350: 2020 2020 7965 730a 4154 412f 4148 4349 yes.ATA/AHCI\n+00046360: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046370: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046380: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046390: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a41 5420 6b65 7962 6f61 no.AT keyboa\n+000463a0: 7264 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 rd yes \n+000463b0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000463c0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000463d0: 2020 206e 6f0a 5370 6561 6b65 7220 2020 no.Speaker \n+000463e0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000463f0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046400: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046410: 2020 6e6f 0a55 5342 2020 2020 2020 2020 no.USB \n+00046420: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046430: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046440: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046450: 206e 6f0a 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 no.chainloader \n+00046460: 2020 206c 6f63 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 local \n+00046470: 2020 6c6f 6361 6c20 2020 2020 2020 2020 local \n+00046480: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046490: 6c6f 6361 6c0a 6370 7569 6420 2020 2020 local.cpuid \n+000464a0: 2020 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 partial \n+000464b0: 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 partial \n+000464c0: 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+000464d0: 2020 6e6f 0a72 646d 7372 2020 2020 2020 no.rdmsr \n+000464e0: 2020 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 partial \n+000464f0: 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+00046500: 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+00046510: 206e 6f0a 7772 6d73 7220 2020 2020 2020 no.wrmsr \n+00046520: 2020 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+00046530: 2020 7061 7274 6961 6c20 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+00046540: 2070 6172 7469 616c 2020 2020 2020 2020 partial \n+00046550: 6e6f 0a68 696e 7473 2020 2020 2020 2020 no.hints \n+00046560: 2020 6775 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 guess \n+00046570: 2067 7565 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 guess \n+00046580: 676f 6f64 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 good g\n+00046590: 7565 7373 0a50 4349 2020 2020 2020 2020 uess.PCI \n+000465a0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000465b0: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000465c0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000465d0: 206e 6f0a 6261 6472 616d 2020 2020 2020 no.badram \n+000465e0: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000465f0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046600: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046610: 7965 730a 636f 6d70 7265 7373 696f 6e20 yes.compression \n+00046620: 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046630: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046640: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046650: 6e6f 0a65 7869 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 no.exit \n+00046660: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046670: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046680: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 yes y\n+00046690: 6573 0a62 6f6f 746c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 es.bootlocation \n+000466a0: 2020 6669 6c65 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 file \n+000466b0: 2066 696c 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 file \n+000466c0: 6669 6c65 2c20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 file, f\n+000466d0: 696c 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ile. \n 000466e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000466f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 676e ign\n-00046700: 6f72 6564 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ored.. \n-00046710: 2020 2020 204c 6f6f 6e67 736f 6e20 2020 Loongson \n-00046720: 2020 2020 7370 6172 6336 3420 2020 2020 sparc64 \n-00046730: 2020 2050 6f77 6572 7063 2020 2020 2020 Powerpc \n-00046740: 2020 4152 430a 7669 6465 6f20 2020 2020 ARC.video \n-00046750: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046760: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046770: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046780: 2020 6e6f 0a63 6f6e 736f 6c65 2020 2020 no.console \n-00046790: 2020 2020 4e2f 4120 2020 2020 2020 2020 N/A \n-000467a0: 2020 2041 5343 4949 2020 2020 2020 2020 ASCII \n-000467b0: 2020 4153 4349 4920 2020 2020 2020 2020 ASCII \n-000467c0: 2041 5343 4949 0a63 6861 7273 6574 0a6e ASCII.charset.n\n-000467d0: 6574 776f 726b 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f etwork no\n-000467e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n-000467f0: 2028 2a29 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 (*) yes \n-00046800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 4154 no.AT\n-00046810: 412f 4148 4349 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 A/AHCI yes\n-00046820: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 no \n-00046830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 no \n-00046840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a41 5420 no.AT \n-00046850: 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2020 2020 7965 7320 keyboard yes \n-00046860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 no \n-00046870: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 no \n-00046880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 5370 6561 no.Spea\n-00046890: 6b65 7220 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 ker no \n-000468a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 no \n-000468b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 no \n-000468c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a55 5342 2020 no.USB \n-000468d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-000468e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 no \n-000468f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046900: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 6368 6169 6e6c no.chainl\n-00046910: 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 oader yes \n-00046920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046930: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046940: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 7075 6964 2020 no.cpuid \n-00046950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046960: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046970: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046980: 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 7264 6d73 7220 2020 no.rdmsr \n-00046990: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000469a0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000469b0: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000469c0: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a77 726d 7372 2020 2020 no.wrmsr \n-000469d0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000469e0: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-000469f0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046a00: 2020 206e 6f0a 6869 6e74 7320 2020 2020 no.hints \n-00046a10: 2020 2020 2067 6f6f 6420 2020 2020 2020 good \n-00046a20: 2020 2020 676f 6f64 2020 2020 2020 2020 good \n-00046a30: 2020 2067 6f6f 6420 2020 2020 2020 2020 good \n-00046a40: 2020 6e6f 0a50 4349 2020 2020 2020 2020 no.PCI \n-00046a50: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046a60: 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046a70: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046a80: 206e 6f0a 6261 6472 616d 2020 2020 2020 no.badram \n-00046a90: 2020 2079 6573 2028 2a29 2020 2020 2020 yes (*) \n-00046aa0: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046ab0: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046ac0: 6e6f 0a63 6f6d 7072 6573 7369 6f6e 2020 no.compression \n-00046ad0: 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6162 6c65 2020 configurable \n-00046ae0: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046af0: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 no c\n-00046b00: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 626c 650a 6578 6974 onfigurable.exit\n-00046b10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 no \n-00046b20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-00046b30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-00046b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 626f 6f74 yes.boot\n-00046b50: 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2020 206e 6f20 2020 location no \n-00046b60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 7274 6974 partit\n-00046b70: 696f 6e20 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 2020 ion file \n-00046b80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6669 6c65 2028 2a29 file (*)\n-00046b90: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .. \n-00046ba0: 204d 4950 5320 7165 6d75 2020 2020 2020 MIPS qemu \n-00046bb0: 656d 7520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2078 emu x\n-00046bc0: 656e 0a76 6964 656f 2020 2020 2020 2020 en.video \n-00046bd0: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046be0: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00046bf0: 6e6f 0a63 6f6e 736f 6c65 2020 2020 2020 no.console \n-00046c00: 2020 4350 3433 3720 2020 2020 2020 2020 CP437 \n-00046c10: 2055 6e69 636f 6465 2028 2a29 2020 2020 Unicode (*) \n-00046c20: 4153 4349 490a 6368 6172 7365 740a 6e65 ASCII.charset.ne\n-00046c30: 7477 6f72 6b20 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 twork no \n-00046c40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n-00046c50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 4154 no.AT\n-00046c60: 412f 4148 4349 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 A/AHCI yes\n-00046c70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 no \n-00046c80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 4154 no.AT\n-00046c90: 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 2020 2079 6573 keyboard yes\n-00046ca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 no \n-00046cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 5370 no.Sp\n-00046cc0: 6561 6b65 7220 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 eaker no \n-00046cd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 no \n-00046ce0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 5553 no.US\n-00046cf0: 4220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204e 2f41 B N/A\n-00046d00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n-00046d10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 6368 no.ch\n-00046d20: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2079 6573 ainloader yes\n-00046d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 no \n-00046d40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a63 yes.c\n-00046d50: 7075 6964 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f puid no\n-00046d60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n-00046d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n-00046d80: 7264 6d73 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e rdmsr n\n-00046d90: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n-00046da0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n-00046db0: 0a77 726d 7372 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .wrmsr \n-00046dc0: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n-00046dd0: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 o ye\n-00046de0: 730a 6869 6e74 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 s.hints \n-00046df0: 2067 7565 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 guess \n-00046e00: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n-00046e10: 6f0a 5043 4920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o.PCI \n-00046e20: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046e30: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n-00046e40: 6f0a 6261 6472 616d 2020 2020 2020 2020 o.badram \n-00046e50: 2079 6573 2028 2a29 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes (*) \n-00046e60: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n-00046e70: 6f0a 636f 6d70 7265 7373 696f 6e20 2020 o.compression \n-00046e80: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 626c 6520 2020 configurable \n-00046e90: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n-00046ea0: 6f0a 6578 6974 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o.exit \n-00046eb0: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046ec0: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e yes n\n-00046ed0: 6f0a 626f 6f74 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2020 o.bootlocation \n-00046ee0: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n-00046ef0: 6669 6c65 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e file n\n-00046f00: 6f0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e o....File: grub.\n-00046f10: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2050 6c61 info, Node: Pla\n-00046f20: 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206f tform-specific o\n-00046f30: 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 4e65 7874 perations, Next\n-00046f40: 3a20 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6b65 726e : Supported kern\n-00046f50: 656c 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 506c 6174 els, Prev: Plat\n-00046f60: 666f 726d 206c 696d 6974 6174 696f 6e73 form limitations\n-00046f70: 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3231 204f , Up: Top..21 O\n-00046f80: 7574 6c69 6e65 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a utline.*********\n-00046f90: 2a0a 0a53 6f6d 6520 706c 6174 666f 726d *..Some platform\n-00046fa0: 7320 6861 7665 2066 6561 7475 7265 7320 s have features \n-00046fb0: 7768 6963 6820 616c 6c6f 7773 2074 6f20 which allows to \n-00046fc0: 696d 706c 656d 656e 7420 736f 6d65 2063 implement some c\n-00046fd0: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 7573 656c 6573 7320 ommands.useless \n-00046fe0: 6f72 206e 6f74 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 or not implement\n-00046ff0: 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 6f74 6865 7273 2e0a able on others..\n-00047000: 0a20 2020 5175 6963 6b20 7375 6d6d 6172 . Quick summar\n-00047010: 793a 0a0a 2020 2049 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 y:.. Informati\n-00047020: 6f6e 2072 6574 7269 6576 616c 3a0a 0a20 on retrieval:.. \n-00047030: 2020 e280 a220 6d69 7073 656c 2d6c 6f6f ... mipsel-loo\n-00047040: 6e67 736f 6e3a 206c 7373 7064 0a20 2020 ngson: lsspd. \n-00047050: e280 a220 6d69 7073 2d61 7263 3a20 6c73 ... mips-arc: ls\n-00047060: 6465 760a 2020 20e2 80a2 2065 6669 3a20 dev. ... efi: \n-00047070: 6c73 6566 6973 7973 7461 622c 206c 7373 lsefisystab, lss\n-00047080: 616c 2c20 6c73 6566 696d 6d61 702c 206c al, lsefimmap, l\n-00047090: 7365 6669 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6933 3836 sefi. ... i386\n-000470a0: 2d70 633a 206c 7361 706d 0a20 2020 e280 -pc: lsapm. ..\n-000470b0: a220 6933 3836 2d63 6f72 6562 6f6f 743a . i386-coreboot:\n-000470c0: 206c 7363 6f72 6562 6f6f 742c 2063 6f72 lscoreboot, cor\n-000470d0: 6562 6f6f 745f 626f 6f74 7469 6d65 2c20 eboot_boottime, \n-000470e0: 6362 6d65 6d63 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6163 cbmemc. ... ac\n-000470f0: 7069 2d65 6e61 626c 6564 2028 6933 3836 pi-enabled (i386\n-00047100: 2d70 632c 2069 3338 362d 636f 7265 626f -pc, i386-corebo\n-00047110: 6f74 2c20 6933 3836 2d6d 756c 7469 626f ot, i386-multibo\n-00047120: 6f74 2c20 2a2d 6566 6929 3a0a 2020 2020 ot, *-efi):. \n-00047130: 206c 7361 6370 690a 0a20 2020 576f 726b lsacpi.. Work\n-00047140: 6172 6f75 6e64 7320 666f 7220 706c 6174 arounds for plat\n-00047150: 666f 726d 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 6973 form-specific is\n-00047160: 7375 6573 3a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2069 3338 sues:. ... i38\n-00047170: 362d 6566 692f 7838 365f 3634 2d65 6669 6-efi/x86_64-efi\n-00047180: 3a20 6c6f 6164 6269 6f73 2c20 6661 6b65 : loadbios, fake\n-00047190: 6269 6f73 2c20 6669 785f 7669 6465 6f0a bios, fix_video.\n-000471a0: 2020 20e2 80a2 2061 6370 692d 656e 6162 ... acpi-enab\n-000471b0: 6c65 6420 2869 3338 362d 7063 2c20 6933 led (i386-pc, i3\n-000471c0: 3836 2d63 6f72 6562 6f6f 742c 2069 3338 86-coreboot, i38\n-000471d0: 362d 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 742c 202a 2d65 6-multiboot, *-e\n-000471e0: 6669 293a 2061 6370 690a 2020 2020 2028 fi): acpi. (\n-000471f0: 6f76 6572 7269 6465 2041 4350 4920 7461 override ACPI ta\n-00047200: 626c 6573 290a 2020 20e2 80a2 2069 3338 bles). ... i38\n-00047210: 362d 7063 3a20 6472 6976 656d 6170 0a20 6-pc: drivemap. \n-00047220: 2020 e280 a220 6933 3836 2d70 633a 2073 ... i386-pc: s\n-00047230: 656e 646b 6579 0a0a 2020 2041 6476 616e endkey.. Advan\n-00047240: 6365 6420 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e73 2066 ced operations f\n-00047250: 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 2075 7365 7273 3a0a or power users:.\n-00047260: 2020 20e2 80a2 2078 3836 3a20 696f 7277 ... x86: iorw\n-00047270: 2028 6469 7265 6374 2061 6363 6573 7320 (direct access \n-00047280: 746f 2049 2f4f 2070 6f72 7473 290a 0a20 to I/O ports).. \n-00047290: 2020 4d69 7363 656c 616e 656f 7573 3a0a Miscelaneous:.\n-000472a0: 2020 20e2 80a2 2063 6d6f 7320 2878 3836 ... cmos (x86\n-000472b0: 2d2a 2c20 6965 6565 3132 3735 2c20 6d69 -*, ieee1275, mi\n-000472c0: 7073 2d71 656d 755f 6d69 7073 2c20 6d69 ps-qemu_mips, mi\n-000472d0: 7073 2d6c 6f6f 6e67 736f 6e29 3a20 636d ps-loongson): cm\n-000472e0: 6f73 7465 7374 0a20 2020 2020 2875 7365 ostest. (use\n-000472f0: 6420 6f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 6c61 7074 6f70 d on some laptop\n-00047300: 7320 746f 2063 6865 636b 2066 6f72 2073 s to check for s\n-00047310: 7065 6369 616c 2070 6f77 6572 2d6f 6e20 pecial power-on \n-00047320: 6b65 7929 2c20 636d 6f73 636c 6561 6e0a key), cmosclean.\n-00047330: 2020 20e2 80a2 2069 3338 362d 7063 3a20 ... i386-pc: \n-00047340: 706c 6179 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 play....File: gr\n-00047350: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n-00047360: 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6b65 726e 656c Supported kernel\n-00047370: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5472 6f75 626c s, Next: Troubl\n-00047380: 6573 686f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 5072 6576 eshooting, Prev\n-00047390: 3a20 506c 6174 666f 726d 2d73 7065 6369 : Platform-speci\n-000473a0: 6669 6320 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 fic operations, \n-000473b0: 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3232 2053 7570 Up: Top..22 Sup\n-000473c0: 706f 7274 6564 2062 6f6f 7420 7461 7267 ported boot targ\n-000473d0: 6574 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ets.************\n-000473e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a58 *************..X\n-000473f0: 3836 2073 7570 706f 7274 2069 7320 7375 86 support is su\n-00047400: 6d6d 6172 6973 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 mmarised in the \n-00047410: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7461 626c 652e following table.\n-00047420: 2020 2259 6573 2220 6d65 616e 7320 7468 \"Yes\" means th\n-00047430: 6174 2074 6865 0a6b 6572 6e65 6c20 776f at the.kernel wo\n-00047440: 726b 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2067 6976 656e rks on the given\n-00047450: 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2c 2022 6372 6173 platform, \"cras\n-00047460: 6865 7322 206d 6561 6e73 2061 6e20 6561 hes\" means an ea\n-00047470: 726c 7920 6b65 726e 656c 0a63 7261 7368 rly kernel.crash\n-00047480: 2077 6869 6368 2077 6520 686f 7065 2077 which we hope w\n-00047490: 696c 6c20 6265 2066 6978 6564 2062 7920 ill be fixed by \n-000474a0: 636f 6e63 6572 6e65 6420 6b65 726e 656c concerned kernel\n-000474b0: 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6572 732e 2020 226e developers. \"n\n-000474c0: 6f22 0a6d 6561 6e73 2047 5255 4220 646f o\".means GRUB do\n-000474d0: 6573 6e27 7420 6c6f 6164 2074 6865 2067 esn't load the g\n-000474e0: 6976 656e 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 6f6e 2061 iven kernel on a\n-000474f0: 2067 6976 656e 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2e given platform.\n-00047500: 0a22 6865 6164 6c65 7373 2220 6d65 616e .\"headless\" mean\n-00047510: 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 206b 6572 6e65 s that the kerne\n-00047520: 6c20 776f 726b 7320 6275 7420 6c61 636b l works but lack\n-00047530: 7320 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6472 6976 6572 s console driver\n-00047540: 7320 2879 6f75 0a63 616e 2073 7469 6c6c s (you.can still\n-00047550: 2075 7365 2073 6572 6961 6c20 6f72 206e use serial or n\n-00047560: 6574 776f 726b 2063 6f6e 736f 6c65 292e etwork console).\n-00047570: 2020 496e 2063 6173 6520 6f66 2022 6e6f In case of \"no\n-00047580: 2220 616e 6420 2263 7261 7368 6573 220a \" and \"crashes\".\n-00047590: 7468 6520 7265 6173 6f6e 2069 7320 6769 the reason is gi\n-000475a0: 7665 6e20 696e 2066 6f6f 746e 6f74 652e ven in footnote.\n-000475b0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+000466f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00046700: 2069 676e 6f72 6564 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 ignored.. \n+00046710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204c 6f6f 6e67 736f Loongso\n+00046720: 6e20 2020 2020 2020 7370 6172 6336 3420 n sparc64 \n+00046730: 2020 2020 2020 2050 6f77 6572 7063 2020 Powerpc \n+00046740: 2020 2020 2020 4152 430a 7669 6465 6f20 ARC.video \n+00046750: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n+00046760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046770: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046780: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 6f6e 736f 6c65 no.console\n+00046790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4e2f 4120 2020 2020 N/A \n+000467a0: 2020 2020 2020 2041 5343 4949 2020 2020 ASCII \n+000467b0: 2020 2020 2020 4153 4349 4920 2020 2020 ASCII \n+000467c0: 2020 2020 2041 5343 4949 0a63 6861 7273 ASCII.chars\n+000467d0: 6574 0a6e 6574 776f 726b 2020 2020 2020 et.network \n+000467e0: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+000467f0: 2079 6573 2028 2a29 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes (*) \n+00046800: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e yes n\n+00046810: 6f0a 4154 412f 4148 4349 2020 2020 2020 o.ATA/AHCI \n+00046820: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046830: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n+00046840: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n+00046850: 0a41 5420 6b65 7962 6f61 7264 2020 2020 .AT keyboard \n+00046860: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e yes n\n+00046870: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n+00046880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a no.\n+00046890: 5370 6561 6b65 7220 2020 2020 2020 206e Speaker n\n+000468a0: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f o no\n+000468b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n+000468c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a55 no.U\n+000468d0: 5342 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 SB ye\n+000468e0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 s no \n+000468f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 no \n+00046900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 6368 no.ch\n+00046910: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2079 6573 ainloader yes\n+00046920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 no \n+00046930: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 no \n+00046940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 7075 no.cpu\n+00046950: 6964 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 id no \n+00046960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 no \n+00046970: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 no \n+00046980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 7264 6d73 no.rdms\n+00046990: 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 r no \n+000469a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 no \n+000469b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 no \n+000469c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a77 726d 7372 no.wrmsr\n+000469d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 no \n+000469e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 no \n+000469f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046a00: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 6869 6e74 7320 no.hints \n+00046a10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 6f6f 6420 2020 good \n+00046a20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 676f 6f64 2020 2020 good \n+00046a30: 2020 2020 2020 2067 6f6f 6420 2020 2020 good \n+00046a40: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 0a50 4349 2020 2020 no.PCI \n+00046a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n+00046a60: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046a70: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046a80: 2020 2020 206e 6f0a 6261 6472 616d 2020 no.badram \n+00046a90: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2028 2a29 2020 yes (*) \n+00046aa0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046ab0: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046ac0: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 6f6d 7072 6573 7369 no.compressi\n+00046ad0: 6f6e 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6162 on configurab\n+00046ae0: 6c65 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 le no \n+00046af0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046b00: 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 626c 650a configurable.\n+00046b10: 6578 6974 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e exit n\n+00046b20: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 o ye\n+00046b30: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 s yes\n+00046b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n+00046b50: 626f 6f74 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2020 206e bootlocation n\n+00046b60: 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 o pa\n+00046b70: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 2020 2020 2066 696c rtition fil\n+00046b80: 6520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6669 6c65 e file\n+00046b90: 2028 2a29 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 (*).. \n+00046ba0: 2020 2020 204d 4950 5320 7165 6d75 2020 MIPS qemu \n+00046bb0: 2020 2020 656d 7520 2020 2020 2020 2020 emu \n+00046bc0: 2020 2078 656e 0a76 6964 656f 2020 2020 xen.video \n+00046bd0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046be0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046bf0: 2020 2020 6e6f 0a63 6f6e 736f 6c65 2020 no.console \n+00046c00: 2020 2020 2020 4350 3433 3720 2020 2020 CP437 \n+00046c10: 2020 2020 2055 6e69 636f 6465 2028 2a29 Unicode (*)\n+00046c20: 2020 2020 4153 4349 490a 6368 6172 7365 ASCII.charse\n+00046c30: 740a 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 2020 2020 2020 t.network \n+00046c40: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046c50: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e yes n\n+00046c60: 6f0a 4154 412f 4148 4349 2020 2020 2020 o.ATA/AHCI \n+00046c70: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046c80: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n+00046c90: 6f0a 4154 206b 6579 626f 6172 6420 2020 o.AT keyboard \n+00046ca0: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046cb0: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n+00046cc0: 6f0a 5370 6561 6b65 7220 2020 2020 2020 o.Speaker \n+00046cd0: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046ce0: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e no n\n+00046cf0: 6f0a 5553 4220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o.USB \n+00046d00: 204e 2f41 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 N/A \n+00046d10: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e yes n\n+00046d20: 6f0a 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 o.chainloader \n+00046d30: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046d40: 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 no y\n+00046d50: 6573 0a63 7075 6964 2020 2020 2020 2020 es.cpuid \n+00046d60: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046d70: 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046d80: 7965 730a 7264 6d73 7220 2020 2020 2020 yes.rdmsr \n+00046d90: 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046da0: 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046db0: 2079 6573 0a77 726d 7372 2020 2020 2020 yes.wrmsr \n+00046dc0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046dd0: 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046de0: 2020 7965 730a 6869 6e74 7320 2020 2020 yes.hints \n+00046df0: 2020 2020 2067 7565 7373 2020 2020 2020 guess \n+00046e00: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046e10: 2020 206e 6f0a 5043 4920 2020 2020 2020 no.PCI \n+00046e20: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046e30: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046e40: 2020 206e 6f0a 6261 6472 616d 2020 2020 no.badram \n+00046e50: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2028 2a29 2020 2020 yes (*) \n+00046e60: 2020 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046e70: 2020 206e 6f0a 636f 6d70 7265 7373 696f no.compressio\n+00046e80: 6e20 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 626c n configurabl\n+00046e90: 6520 2020 6e6f 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e no \n+00046ea0: 2020 206e 6f0a 6578 6974 2020 2020 2020 no.exit \n+00046eb0: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 no \n+00046ec0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00046ed0: 2020 206e 6f0a 626f 6f74 6c6f 6361 7469 no.bootlocati\n+00046ee0: 6f6e 2020 206e 6f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 on no \n+00046ef0: 2020 2020 6669 6c65 2020 2020 2020 2020 file \n+00046f00: 2020 206e 6f0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 no....File: g\n+00046f10: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00046f20: 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 Platform-specif\n+00046f30: 6963 206f 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 ic operations, \n+00046f40: 4e65 7874 3a20 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 Next: Supported \n+00046f50: 6b65 726e 656c 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 kernels, Prev: \n+00046f60: 506c 6174 666f 726d 206c 696d 6974 6174 Platform limitat\n+00046f70: 696f 6e73 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a ions, Up: Top..\n+00046f80: 3231 204f 7574 6c69 6e65 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 21 Outline.*****\n+00046f90: 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a53 6f6d 6520 706c 6174 *****..Some plat\n+00046fa0: 666f 726d 7320 6861 7665 2066 6561 7475 forms have featu\n+00046fb0: 7265 7320 7768 6963 6820 616c 6c6f 7773 res which allows\n+00046fc0: 2074 6f20 696d 706c 656d 656e 7420 736f to implement so\n+00046fd0: 6d65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 730a 7573 656c me commands.usel\n+00046fe0: 6573 7320 6f72 206e 6f74 2069 6d70 6c65 ess or not imple\n+00046ff0: 6d65 6e74 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 6f74 6865 mentable on othe\n+00047000: 7273 2e0a 0a20 2020 5175 6963 6b20 7375 rs... Quick su\n+00047010: 6d6d 6172 793a 0a0a 2020 2049 6e66 6f72 mmary:.. Infor\n+00047020: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2072 6574 7269 6576 616c mation retrieval\n+00047030: 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6d69 7073 656c :.. ... mipsel\n+00047040: 2d6c 6f6f 6e67 736f 6e3a 206c 7373 7064 -loongson: lsspd\n+00047050: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6d69 7073 2d61 7263 . ... mips-arc\n+00047060: 3a20 6c73 6465 760a 2020 20e2 80a2 2065 : lsdev. ... e\n+00047070: 6669 3a20 6c73 6566 6973 7973 7461 622c fi: lsefisystab,\n+00047080: 206c 7373 616c 2c20 6c73 6566 696d 6d61 lssal, lsefimma\n+00047090: 702c 206c 7365 6669 0a20 2020 e280 a220 p, lsefi. ... \n+000470a0: 6933 3836 2d70 633a 206c 7361 706d 0a20 i386-pc: lsapm. \n+000470b0: 2020 e280 a220 6933 3836 2d63 6f72 6562 ... i386-coreb\n+000470c0: 6f6f 743a 206c 7363 6f72 6562 6f6f 742c oot: lscoreboot,\n+000470d0: 2063 6f72 6562 6f6f 745f 626f 6f74 7469 coreboot_bootti\n+000470e0: 6d65 2c20 6362 6d65 6d63 0a20 2020 e280 me, cbmemc. ..\n+000470f0: a220 6163 7069 2d65 6e61 626c 6564 2028 . acpi-enabled (\n+00047100: 6933 3836 2d70 632c 2069 3338 362d 636f i386-pc, i386-co\n+00047110: 7265 626f 6f74 2c20 6933 3836 2d6d 756c reboot, i386-mul\n+00047120: 7469 626f 6f74 2c20 2a2d 6566 6929 3a0a tiboot, *-efi):.\n+00047130: 2020 2020 206c 7361 6370 690a 0a20 2020 lsacpi.. \n+00047140: 576f 726b 6172 6f75 6e64 7320 666f 7220 Workarounds for \n+00047150: 706c 6174 666f 726d 2d73 7065 6369 6669 platform-specifi\n+00047160: 6320 6973 7375 6573 3a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 c issues:. ...\n+00047170: 2069 3338 362d 6566 692f 7838 365f 3634 i386-efi/x86_64\n+00047180: 2d65 6669 3a20 6c6f 6164 6269 6f73 2c20 -efi: loadbios, \n+00047190: 6661 6b65 6269 6f73 2c20 6669 785f 7669 fakebios, fix_vi\n+000471a0: 6465 6f0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2061 6370 692d deo. ... acpi-\n+000471b0: 656e 6162 6c65 6420 2869 3338 362d 7063 enabled (i386-pc\n+000471c0: 2c20 6933 3836 2d63 6f72 6562 6f6f 742c , i386-coreboot,\n+000471d0: 2069 3338 362d 6d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 742c i386-multiboot,\n+000471e0: 202a 2d65 6669 293a 2061 6370 690a 2020 *-efi): acpi. \n+000471f0: 2020 2028 6f76 6572 7269 6465 2041 4350 (override ACP\n+00047200: 4920 7461 626c 6573 290a 2020 20e2 80a2 I tables). ...\n+00047210: 2069 3338 362d 7063 3a20 6472 6976 656d i386-pc: drivem\n+00047220: 6170 0a20 2020 e280 a220 6933 3836 2d70 ap. ... i386-p\n+00047230: 633a 2073 656e 646b 6579 0a0a 2020 2041 c: sendkey.. A\n+00047240: 6476 616e 6365 6420 6f70 6572 6174 696f dvanced operatio\n+00047250: 6e73 2066 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 2075 7365 ns for power use\n+00047260: 7273 3a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2078 3836 3a20 rs:. ... x86: \n+00047270: 696f 7277 2028 6469 7265 6374 2061 6363 iorw (direct acc\n+00047280: 6573 7320 746f 2049 2f4f 2070 6f72 7473 ess to I/O ports\n+00047290: 290a 0a20 2020 4d69 7363 656c 616e 656f ).. Miscelaneo\n+000472a0: 7573 3a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2063 6d6f 7320 us:. ... cmos \n+000472b0: 2878 3836 2d2a 2c20 6965 6565 3132 3735 (x86-*, ieee1275\n+000472c0: 2c20 6d69 7073 2d71 656d 755f 6d69 7073 , mips-qemu_mips\n+000472d0: 2c20 6d69 7073 2d6c 6f6f 6e67 736f 6e29 , mips-loongson)\n+000472e0: 3a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 0a20 2020 2020 : cmostest. \n+000472f0: 2875 7365 6420 6f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 6c61 (used on some la\n+00047300: 7074 6f70 7320 746f 2063 6865 636b 2066 ptops to check f\n+00047310: 6f72 2073 7065 6369 616c 2070 6f77 6572 or special power\n+00047320: 2d6f 6e20 6b65 7929 2c20 636d 6f73 636c -on key), cmoscl\n+00047330: 6561 6e0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2069 3338 362d ean. ... i386-\n+00047340: 7063 3a20 706c 6179 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 pc: play....File\n+00047350: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00047360: 6465 3a20 5375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6b65 de: Supported ke\n+00047370: 726e 656c 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5472 rnels, Next: Tr\n+00047380: 6f75 626c 6573 686f 6f74 696e 672c 2020 oubleshooting, \n+00047390: 5072 6576 3a20 506c 6174 666f 726d 2d73 Prev: Platform-s\n+000473a0: 7065 6369 6669 6320 6f70 6572 6174 696f pecific operatio\n+000473b0: 6e73 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3232 ns, Up: Top..22\n+000473c0: 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 2062 6f6f 7420 Supported boot \n+000473d0: 7461 7267 6574 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a targets.********\n+000473e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+000473f0: 2a0a 0a58 3836 2073 7570 706f 7274 2069 *..X86 support i\n+00047400: 7320 7375 6d6d 6172 6973 6564 2069 6e20 s summarised in \n+00047410: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7461 the following ta\n+00047420: 626c 652e 2020 2259 6573 2220 6d65 616e ble. \"Yes\" mean\n+00047430: 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 0a6b 6572 6e65 s that the.kerne\n+00047440: 6c20 776f 726b 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2067 l works on the g\n+00047450: 6976 656e 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2c 2022 iven platform, \"\n+00047460: 6372 6173 6865 7322 206d 6561 6e73 2061 crashes\" means a\n+00047470: 6e20 6561 726c 7920 6b65 726e 656c 0a63 n early kernel.c\n+00047480: 7261 7368 2077 6869 6368 2077 6520 686f rash which we ho\n+00047490: 7065 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2066 6978 6564 pe will be fixed\n+000474a0: 2062 7920 636f 6e63 6572 6e65 6420 6b65 by concerned ke\n+000474b0: 726e 656c 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6572 732e rnel developers.\n+000474c0: 2020 226e 6f22 0a6d 6561 6e73 2047 5255 \"no\".means GRU\n+000474d0: 4220 646f 6573 6e27 7420 6c6f 6164 2074 B doesn't load t\n+000474e0: 6865 2067 6976 656e 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 he given kernel \n+000474f0: 6f6e 2061 2067 6976 656e 2070 6c61 7466 on a given platf\n+00047500: 6f72 6d2e 0a22 6865 6164 6c65 7373 2220 orm..\"headless\" \n+00047510: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 206b means that the k\n+00047520: 6572 6e65 6c20 776f 726b 7320 6275 7420 ernel works but \n+00047530: 6c61 636b 7320 636f 6e73 6f6c 6520 6472 lacks console dr\n+00047540: 6976 6572 7320 2879 6f75 0a63 616e 2073 ivers (you.can s\n+00047550: 7469 6c6c 2075 7365 2073 6572 6961 6c20 till use serial \n+00047560: 6f72 206e 6574 776f 726b 2063 6f6e 736f or network conso\n+00047570: 6c65 292e 2020 496e 2063 6173 6520 6f66 le). In case of\n+00047580: 2022 6e6f 2220 616e 6420 2263 7261 7368 \"no\" and \"crash\n+00047590: 6573 220a 7468 6520 7265 6173 6f6e 2069 es\".the reason i\n+000475a0: 7320 6769 7665 6e20 696e 2066 6f6f 746e s given in footn\n+000475b0: 6f74 652e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ote.. \n 000475c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000475d0: 2020 2020 2020 4249 4f53 2020 2020 2020 BIOS \n-000475e0: 2020 2020 2020 2043 6f72 6562 6f6f 740a Coreboot.\n-000475f0: 4249 4f53 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 696e BIOS chainloadin\n-00047600: 6720 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 g \n-00047610: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047620: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a4e 544c no (1).NTL\n-00047630: 4452 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 DR \n+000475d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4249 4f53 2020 BIOS \n+000475e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 6f72 6562 Coreb\n+000475f0: 6f6f 740a 4249 4f53 2063 6861 696e 6c6f oot.BIOS chainlo\n+00047600: 6164 696e 6720 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ading \n+00047610: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n+00047620: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 no (1)\n+00047630: 0a4e 544c 4452 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .NTLDR \n 00047640: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047650: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047660: 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 506c 616e 3920 no (1).Plan9 \n-00047670: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 y\n-00047690: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 es \n-000476a0: 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 7265 6564 6f73 2020 no (1).Freedos \n-000476b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000476c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n-000476d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n-000476e0: 2831 290a 4672 6565 4253 4420 626f 6f74 (1).FreeBSD boot\n-000476f0: 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 loader \n-00047700: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-00047710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 crashe\n-00047720: 7320 2831 290a 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4672 s (1).32-bit kFr\n-00047730: 6565 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eeBSD \n-00047740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n-00047750: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 cras\n-00047760: 6865 7320 2835 290a 3634 2d62 6974 206b hes (5).64-bit k\n-00047770: 4672 6565 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 FreeBSD \n-00047780: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n-00047790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 cr\n-000477a0: 6173 6865 7320 2835 290a 3332 2d62 6974 ashes (5).32-bit\n-000477b0: 206b 4e65 7442 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 kNetBSD \n-000477c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 y\n-000477d0: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 es \n-000477e0: 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 290a 3634 2d62 crashes (1).64-b\n-000477f0: 6974 206b 4e65 7442 5344 2020 2020 2020 it kNetBSD \n+00047650: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047660: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 506c no (1).Pl\n+00047670: 616e 3920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 an9 \n+00047680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047690: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000476a0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 7265 6564 no (1).Freed\n+000476b0: 6f73 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 os \n+000476c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000476d0: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000476e0: 206e 6f20 2831 290a 4672 6565 4253 4420 no (1).FreeBSD \n+000476f0: 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 bootloader \n+00047700: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n+00047710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 cr\n+00047720: 6173 6865 7320 2831 290a 3332 2d62 6974 ashes (1).32-bit\n+00047730: 206b 4672 6565 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 kFreeBSD \n+00047740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 y\n+00047750: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 es \n+00047760: 6372 6173 6865 7320 2835 290a 3634 2d62 crashes (5).64-b\n+00047770: 6974 206b 4672 6565 4253 4420 2020 2020 it kFreeBSD \n+00047780: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047790: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000477a0: 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2835 290a 3332 crashes (5).32\n+000477b0: 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 7442 5344 2020 2020 -bit kNetBSD \n+000477c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000477d0: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000477e0: 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 290a crashes (1).\n+000477f0: 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 7442 5344 2020 64-bit kNetBSD \n 00047800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047810: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047820: 2020 6372 6173 6865 730a 3332 2d62 6974 crashes.32-bit\n-00047830: 206b 4f70 656e 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 kOpenBSD \n-00047840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 y\n-00047850: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 es \n-00047860: 7965 730a 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4f70 656e yes.64-bit kOpen\n-00047870: 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 BSD \n-00047880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n-00047890: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 4d75 yes.Mu\n-000478a0: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 2020 2020 2020 2020 ltiboot \n+00047810: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047820: 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 730a 3332 crashes.32\n+00047830: 2d62 6974 206b 4f70 656e 4253 4420 2020 -bit kOpenBSD \n+00047840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047850: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047860: 2020 2020 7965 730a 3634 2d62 6974 206b yes.64-bit k\n+00047870: 4f70 656e 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 OpenBSD \n+00047880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n+00047890: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n+000478a0: 730a 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7420 2020 2020 s.Multiboot \n 000478b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000478c0: 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000478d0: 2020 2020 7965 730a 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f yes.Multiboo\n-000478e0: 7432 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t2 \n-000478f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n-00047900: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n-00047910: 730a 3332 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 s.32-bit Linux (\n-00047920: 6c65 6761 6379 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 legacy protocol)\n-00047930: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a36 no (1).6\n-00047950: 342d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286c 6567 4-bit Linux (leg\n-00047960: 6163 7920 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 acy protocol) \n-00047970: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047980: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 3332 2d62 no (1).32-b\n-00047990: 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 726e it Linux (modern\n-000479a0: 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 protocol) \n-000479b0: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000479c0: 2020 7965 730a 3634 2d62 6974 204c 696e yes.64-bit Lin\n-000479d0: 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 726e 2070 726f 746f ux (modern proto\n-000479e0: 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 col) yes \n-000479f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n-00047a00: 3332 2d62 6974 2058 4e55 2020 2020 2020 32-bit XNU \n+000478c0: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000478d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 4d75 6c74 yes.Mult\n+000478e0: 6962 6f6f 7432 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 iboot2 \n+000478f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047900: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047910: 2020 7965 730a 3332 2d62 6974 204c 696e yes.32-bit Lin\n+00047920: 7578 2028 6c65 6761 6379 2070 726f 746f ux (legacy proto\n+00047930: 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 col) yes \n+00047940: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 no (\n+00047950: 3129 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 1).64-bit Linux \n+00047960: 286c 6567 6163 7920 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c (legacy protocol\n+00047970: 2920 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 ) yes \n+00047980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a no (1).\n+00047990: 3332 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 6d6f 32-bit Linux (mo\n+000479a0: 6465 726e 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 dern protocol) \n+000479b0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000479c0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 3634 2d62 6974 yes.64-bit\n+000479d0: 204c 696e 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 726e 2070 Linux (modern p\n+000479e0: 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 2079 rotocol) y\n+000479f0: 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 es \n+00047a00: 7965 730a 3332 2d62 6974 2058 4e55 2020 yes.32-bit XNU \n 00047a10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047a20: 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047a30: 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 3634 2d62 6974 2058 ?.64-bit X\n-00047a40: 4e55 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 NU \n-00047a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n-00047a60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f0a ?.\n-00047a70: 3332 2d62 6974 2045 4649 2063 6861 696e 32-bit EFI chain\n-00047a80: 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 loader \n-00047a90: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 2920 2020 2020 no (2) \n-00047aa0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 0a36 342d no (2).64-\n-00047ab0: 6269 7420 4546 4920 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 bit EFI chainloa\n-00047ac0: 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 der \n-00047ad0: 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (2) \n-00047ae0: 2020 206e 6f20 2832 290a 4170 706c 656c no (2).Applel\n-00047af0: 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 oader \n-00047b00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e n\n-00047b10: 6f20 2832 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o (2) \n-00047b20: 6e6f 2028 3229 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (2).. \n+00047a20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 yes \n+00047a30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 3634 2d62 ?.64-b\n+00047a40: 6974 2058 4e55 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 it XNU \n+00047a50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047a60: 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047a70: 2020 3f0a 3332 2d62 6974 2045 4649 2063 ?.32-bit EFI c\n+00047a80: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 hainloader \n+00047a90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 2920 no (2) \n+00047aa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 no (2)\n+00047ab0: 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4546 4920 6368 6169 .64-bit EFI chai\n+00047ac0: 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 nloader \n+00047ad0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 2020 2020 no (2) \n+00047ae0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 290a 4170 no (2).Ap\n+00047af0: 706c 656c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 pleloader \n+00047b00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047b10: 2020 206e 6f20 2832 2920 2020 2020 2020 no (2) \n+00047b20: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 0a0a 2020 2020 no (2).. \n 00047b30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 204d 756c Mul\n-00047b50: 7469 626f 6f74 2020 2020 2020 2020 5165 tiboot Qe\n-00047b60: 6d75 0a42 494f 5320 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 mu.BIOS chainloa\n-00047b70: 6469 6e67 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ding \n-00047b80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 no (1) \n-00047b90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a no (1).\n-00047ba0: 4e54 4c44 5220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 NTLDR \n+00047b40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047b50: 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2020 2020 2020 Multiboot \n+00047b60: 2020 5165 6d75 0a42 494f 5320 6368 6169 Qemu.BIOS chai\n+00047b70: 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2020 2020 2020 2020 nloading \n+00047b80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 no (\n+00047b90: 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 1) no \n+00047ba0: 2831 290a 4e54 4c44 5220 2020 2020 2020 (1).NTLDR \n 00047bb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047bc0: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 no (1) \n-00047bd0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a50 6c61 no (1).Pla\n-00047be0: 6e39 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n9 \n+00047bc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 no (1) \n+00047bd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 no (1)\n+00047be0: 0a50 6c61 6e39 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .Plan9 \n 00047bf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047c00: 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n-00047c10: 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 4672 6565 444f no (1).FreeDO\n-00047c20: 5320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 S \n-00047c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e n\n-00047c40: 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o (1) \n-00047c50: 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 7265 6542 5344 2062 no (1).FreeBSD b\n-00047c60: 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 ootloader \n-00047c70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 cras\n-00047c80: 6865 7320 2831 2920 2020 2020 2063 7261 hes (1) cra\n-00047c90: 7368 6573 2028 3129 0a33 322d 6269 7420 shes (1).32-bit \n-00047ca0: 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 kFreeBSD \n-00047cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 cr\n-00047cc0: 6173 6865 7320 2835 2920 2020 2020 2063 ashes (5) c\n-00047cd0: 7261 7368 6573 2028 3529 0a36 342d 6269 rashes (5).64-bi\n-00047ce0: 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2020 2020 2020 t kFreeBSD \n+00047c00: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 no (1) \n+00047c10: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 4672 no (1).Fr\n+00047c20: 6565 444f 5320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eeDOS \n+00047c30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047c40: 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n+00047c50: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 7265 6542 no (1).FreeB\n+00047c60: 5344 2062 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 SD bootloader \n+00047c70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047c80: 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 2920 2020 2020 crashes (1) \n+00047c90: 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 0a33 322d crashes (1).32-\n+00047ca0: 6269 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2020 2020 bit kFreeBSD \n+00047cb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047cc0: 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2835 2920 2020 crashes (5) \n+00047cd0: 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3529 0a36 crashes (5).6\n+00047ce0: 342d 6269 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2020 4-bit kFreeBSD \n 00047cf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047d00: 6372 6173 6865 7320 2835 2920 2020 2020 crashes (5) \n-00047d10: 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3529 0a33 322d crashes (5).32-\n-00047d20: 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 4420 2020 2020 bit kNetBSD \n+00047d00: 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2835 2920 crashes (5) \n+00047d10: 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3529 crashes (5)\n+00047d20: 0a33 322d 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 4420 .32-bit kNetBSD \n 00047d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047d40: 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 2920 2020 crashes (1) \n-00047d50: 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 0a36 crashes (1).6\n-00047d60: 342d 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 4420 2020 4-bit kNetBSD \n-00047d70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047d80: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047d90: 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a33 322d 6269 7420 yes.32-bit \n-00047da0: 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 kOpenBSD \n-00047db0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n-00047dc0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 s y\n-00047dd0: 6573 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 es.64-bit kOpenB\n-00047de0: 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 SD \n-00047df0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n-00047e00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a4d 756c yes.Mul\n-00047e10: 7469 626f 6f74 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tiboot \n+00047d40: 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 crashes (1\n+00047d50: 2920 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 ) crashes (\n+00047d60: 3129 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 1).64-bit kNetBS\n+00047d70: 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 D \n+00047d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n+00047d90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a33 322d yes.32-\n+00047da0: 6269 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 2020 2020 bit kOpenBSD \n+00047db0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047dc0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047dd0: 2020 2079 6573 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b4f yes.64-bit kO\n+00047de0: 7065 6e42 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 penBSD \n+00047df0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n+00047e00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n+00047e10: 0a4d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2020 2020 2020 .Multiboot \n 00047e20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047e30: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047e40: 2020 2079 6573 0a4d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 yes.Multiboot\n-00047e50: 3220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2 \n-00047e60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n-00047e70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n-00047e80: 0a33 322d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286c .32-bit Linux (l\n-00047e90: 6567 6163 7920 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 egacy protocol) \n-00047ea0: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 no (1) \n-00047eb0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 3634 no (1).64\n-00047ec0: 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 6c65 6761 -bit Linux (lega\n-00047ed0: 6379 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 cy protocol) \n-00047ee0: 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n-00047ef0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a33 322d 6269 no (1).32-bi\n-00047f00: 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286d 6f64 6572 6e20 t Linux (modern \n-00047f10: 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 protocol) \n-00047f20: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00047f30: 2079 6573 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 yes.64-bit Linu\n-00047f40: 7820 286d 6f64 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 6f63 x (modern protoc\n-00047f50: 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 ol) yes \n-00047f60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a33 yes.3\n-00047f70: 322d 6269 7420 584e 5520 2020 2020 2020 2-bit XNU \n+00047e30: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047e40: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a4d 756c 7469 yes.Multi\n+00047e50: 626f 6f74 3220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 boot2 \n+00047e60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047e70: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047e80: 2079 6573 0a33 322d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 yes.32-bit Linu\n+00047e90: 7820 286c 6567 6163 7920 7072 6f74 6f63 x (legacy protoc\n+00047ea0: 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 ol) no (1)\n+00047eb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 no (1\n+00047ec0: 290a 3634 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 2028 ).64-bit Linux (\n+00047ed0: 6c65 6761 6379 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c29 legacy protocol)\n+00047ee0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 no (1) \n+00047ef0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a33 no (1).3\n+00047f00: 322d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286d 6f64 2-bit Linux (mod\n+00047f10: 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 ern protocol) \n+00047f20: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00047f30: 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a36 342d 6269 7420 yes.64-bit \n+00047f40: 4c69 6e75 7820 286d 6f64 6572 6e20 7072 Linux (modern pr\n+00047f50: 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 7965 otocol) ye\n+00047f60: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 s y\n+00047f70: 6573 0a33 322d 6269 7420 584e 5520 2020 es.32-bit XNU \n 00047f80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00047f90: 2020 2020 3f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ? \n-00047fa0: 2020 2020 203f 0a36 342d 6269 7420 584e ?.64-bit XN\n-00047fb0: 5520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 U \n-00047fc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f20 2020 ? \n-00047fd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a33 ?.3\n-00047fe0: 322d 6269 7420 4546 4920 6368 6169 6e6c 2-bit EFI chainl\n-00047ff0: 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 oader \n-00048000: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 2020 2020 2020 no (2) \n-00048010: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 290a 3634 2d62 no (2).64-b\n-00048020: 6974 2045 4649 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 it EFI chainload\n-00048030: 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 er \n-00048040: 206e 6f20 2832 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (2) \n-00048050: 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 0a41 7070 6c65 6c6f no (2).Applelo\n-00048060: 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ader \n-00048070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f no\n-00048080: 2028 3229 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e (2) n\n-00048090: 6f20 2832 290a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 o (2).. \n+00047f90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f20 2020 2020 2020 ? \n+00047fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a36 342d 6269 ?.64-bi\n+00047fb0: 7420 584e 5520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t XNU \n+00047fc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00047fd0: 3f20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ? \n+00047fe0: 203f 0a33 322d 6269 7420 4546 4920 6368 ?.32-bit EFI ch\n+00047ff0: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 ainloader \n+00048000: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 2020 no (2) \n+00048010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 290a no (2).\n+00048020: 3634 2d62 6974 2045 4649 2063 6861 696e 64-bit EFI chain\n+00048030: 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 loader \n+00048040: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2832 2920 2020 2020 no (2) \n+00048050: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 0a41 7070 no (2).App\n+00048060: 6c65 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 leloader \n+00048070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048080: 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (2) \n+00048090: 2020 206e 6f20 2832 290a 0a20 2020 2020 no (2).. \n 000480a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000480b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6961 3332 ia32\n-000480c0: 2045 4649 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 6d64 EFI amd\n-000480d0: 3634 2045 4649 0a42 494f 5320 6368 6169 64 EFI.BIOS chai\n-000480e0: 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2020 2020 2020 2020 nloading \n-000480f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 no (\n-00048100: 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 1) no \n-00048110: 2831 290a 4e54 4c44 5220 2020 2020 2020 (1).NTLDR \n+000480b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000480c0: 6961 3332 2045 4649 2020 2020 2020 2020 ia32 EFI \n+000480d0: 2061 6d64 3634 2045 4649 0a42 494f 5320 amd64 EFI.BIOS \n+000480e0: 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6469 6e67 2020 2020 chainloading \n+000480f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048100: 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n+00048110: 206e 6f20 2831 290a 4e54 4c44 5220 2020 no (1).NTLDR \n 00048120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048130: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 no (1) \n-00048140: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 no (1)\n-00048150: 0a50 6c61 6e39 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .Plan9 \n+00048130: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n+00048140: 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f (1) no\n+00048150: 2028 3129 0a50 6c61 6e39 2020 2020 2020 (1).Plan9 \n 00048160: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048170: 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 no (1) \n-00048180: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 4672 no (1).Fr\n-00048190: 6565 444f 5320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eeDOS \n+00048170: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 no (1)\n+00048180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 no (1\n+00048190: 290a 4672 6565 444f 5320 2020 2020 2020 ).FreeDOS \n 000481a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000481b0: 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n-000481c0: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 7265 6542 no (1).FreeB\n-000481d0: 5344 2062 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 SD bootloader \n-000481e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000481f0: 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 2920 2020 2020 crashes (1) \n-00048200: 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 0a33 322d crashes (1).32-\n-00048210: 6269 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 2020 2020 bit kFreeBSD \n+000481b0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 2920 2020 no (1) \n+000481c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a46 no (1).F\n+000481d0: 7265 6542 5344 2062 6f6f 746c 6f61 6465 reeBSD bootloade\n+000481e0: 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r \n+000481f0: 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 2920 crashes (1) \n+00048200: 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 crashes (1)\n+00048210: 0a33 322d 6269 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 .32-bit kFreeBSD\n 00048220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048230: 2020 6865 6164 6c65 7373 2020 2020 2020 headless \n-00048240: 2020 2068 6561 646c 6573 730a 3634 2d62 headless.64-b\n-00048250: 6974 206b 4672 6565 4253 4420 2020 2020 it kFreeBSD \n+00048230: 2020 2020 2020 6865 6164 6c65 7373 2020 headless \n+00048240: 2020 2020 2020 2068 6561 646c 6573 730a headless.\n+00048250: 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4672 6565 4253 4420 64-bit kFreeBSD \n 00048260: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048270: 2068 6561 646c 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 headless \n-00048280: 2020 6865 6164 6c65 7373 0a33 322d 6269 headless.32-bi\n-00048290: 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 t kNetBSD \n+00048270: 2020 2020 2068 6561 646c 6573 7320 2020 headless \n+00048280: 2020 2020 2020 6865 6164 6c65 7373 0a33 headless.3\n+00048290: 322d 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 4420 2020 2-bit kNetBSD \n 000482a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000482b0: 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 2920 2020 2020 crashes (1) \n-000482c0: 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 0a36 342d crashes (1).64-\n-000482d0: 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 4420 2020 2020 bit kNetBSD \n+000482b0: 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2831 2920 crashes (1) \n+000482c0: 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 crashes (1)\n+000482d0: 0a36 342d 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 4420 .64-bit kNetBSD \n 000482e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000482f0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00048300: 2020 2079 6573 0a33 322d 6269 7420 6b4f yes.32-bit kO\n-00048310: 7065 6e42 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 penBSD \n-00048320: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6865 6164 head\n-00048330: 6c65 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 6561 less hea\n-00048340: 646c 6573 730a 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4f70 dless.64-bit kOp\n-00048350: 656e 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 enBSD \n-00048360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 6561 646c headl\n-00048370: 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 6865 6164 ess head\n-00048380: 6c65 7373 0a4d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2020 less.Multiboot \n-00048390: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000483a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 yes \n-000483b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a4d yes.M\n-000483c0: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 3220 2020 2020 2020 ultiboot2 \n+000482f0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00048300: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a33 322d 6269 yes.32-bi\n+00048310: 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 2020 2020 2020 t kOpenBSD \n+00048320: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048330: 6865 6164 6c65 7373 2020 2020 2020 2020 headless \n+00048340: 2068 6561 646c 6573 730a 3634 2d62 6974 headless.64-bit\n+00048350: 206b 4f70 656e 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 kOpenBSD \n+00048360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 h\n+00048370: 6561 646c 6573 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 eadless \n+00048380: 6865 6164 6c65 7373 0a4d 756c 7469 626f headless.Multibo\n+00048390: 6f74 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ot \n+000483a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 ye\n+000483b0: 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 s y\n+000483c0: 6573 0a4d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 3220 2020 es.Multiboot2 \n 000483d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000483e0: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000483f0: 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a33 322d 6269 7420 yes.32-bit \n-00048400: 4c69 6e75 7820 286c 6567 6163 7920 7072 Linux (legacy pr\n-00048410: 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 6e6f otocol) no\n-00048420: 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e (1) n\n-00048430: 6f20 2831 290a 3634 2d62 6974 204c 696e o (1).64-bit Lin\n-00048440: 7578 2028 6c65 6761 6379 2070 726f 746f ux (legacy proto\n-00048450: 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 col) no (1\n-00048460: 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 ) no (\n-00048470: 3129 0a33 322d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 1).32-bit Linux \n-00048480: 286d 6f64 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c (modern protocol\n-00048490: 2920 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 ) yes \n-000484a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a36 342d yes.64-\n-000484b0: 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286d 6f64 6572 bit Linux (moder\n-000484c0: 6e20 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 n protocol) \n-000484d0: 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-000484e0: 2020 2079 6573 0a33 322d 6269 7420 584e yes.32-bit XN\n-000484f0: 5520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 U \n-00048500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 yes \n-00048510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n-00048520: 0a36 342d 6269 7420 584e 5520 2020 2020 .64-bit XNU \n+000483e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 yes \n+000483f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a33 322d yes.32-\n+00048400: 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286c 6567 6163 bit Linux (legac\n+00048410: 7920 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 y protocol) \n+00048420: 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (1) \n+00048430: 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 3634 2d62 6974 no (1).64-bit\n+00048440: 204c 696e 7578 2028 6c65 6761 6379 2070 Linux (legacy p\n+00048450: 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 206e rotocol) n\n+00048460: 6f20 2831 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o (1) \n+00048470: 6e6f 2028 3129 0a33 322d 6269 7420 4c69 no (1).32-bit Li\n+00048480: 6e75 7820 286d 6f64 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 nux (modern prot\n+00048490: 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 ocol) yes \n+000484a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 yes\n+000484b0: 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286d .64-bit Linux (m\n+000484c0: 6f64 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 odern protocol) \n+000484d0: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+000484e0: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a33 322d 6269 yes.32-bi\n+000484f0: 7420 584e 5520 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t XNU \n+00048500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048510: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00048520: 2079 6573 0a36 342d 6269 7420 584e 5520 yes.64-bit XNU \n 00048530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048540: 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2834 2920 2020 yes (4) \n-00048550: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a33 322d 6269 yes.32-bi\n-00048560: 7420 4546 4920 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 t EFI chainloade\n-00048570: 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r \n-00048580: 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00048590: 206e 6f20 2833 290a 3634 2d62 6974 2045 no (3).64-bit E\n-000485a0: 4649 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 FI chainloader \n-000485b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n-000485c0: 2833 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 (3) ye\n-000485d0: 730a 4170 706c 656c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 s.Appleloader \n-000485e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000485f0: 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 2020 2020 yes \n-00048600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a 0a20 2020 yes.. \n-00048610: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048540: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 7320 2834 yes (4\n+00048550: 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 0a33 ) yes.3\n+00048560: 322d 6269 7420 4546 4920 6368 6169 6e6c 2-bit EFI chainl\n+00048570: 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 oader \n+00048580: 2020 2020 7965 7320 2020 2020 2020 2020 yes \n+00048590: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2833 290a 3634 2d62 no (3).64-b\n+000485a0: 6974 2045 4649 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 it EFI chainload\n+000485b0: 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 er \n+000485c0: 206e 6f20 2833 2920 2020 2020 2020 2020 no (3) \n+000485d0: 2020 7965 730a 4170 706c 656c 6f61 6465 yes.Appleloade\n+000485e0: 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r \n+000485f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2079 6573 2020 yes \n+00048600: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7965 730a yes.\n+00048610: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n 00048620: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048630: 2020 6961 3332 2049 4545 4531 3237 350a ia32 IEEE1275.\n-00048640: 4249 4f53 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 696e BIOS chainloadin\n-00048650: 6720 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 g \n-00048660: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 4e54 4c44 no (1).NTLD\n-00048670: 5220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 R \n+00048630: 2020 2020 2020 6961 3332 2049 4545 4531 ia32 IEEE1\n+00048640: 3237 350a 4249 4f53 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 275.BIOS chainlo\n+00048650: 6164 696e 6720 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ading \n+00048660: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a no (1).\n+00048670: 4e54 4c44 5220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 NTLDR \n 00048680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048690: 206e 6f20 2831 290a 506c 616e 3920 2020 no (1).Plan9 \n-000486a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000486b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n-000486c0: 2831 290a 4672 6565 444f 5320 2020 2020 (1).FreeDOS \n+00048690: 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a 506c 616e no (1).Plan\n+000486a0: 3920 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 9 \n+000486b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000486c0: 206e 6f20 2831 290a 4672 6565 444f 5320 no (1).FreeDOS \n 000486d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000486e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 2831 290a no (1).\n-000486f0: 4672 6565 4253 4420 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 FreeBSD bootload\n-00048700: 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 er \n-00048710: 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 3129 crashes (1)\n-00048720: 0a33 322d 6269 7420 6b46 7265 6542 5344 .32-bit kFreeBSD\n-00048730: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048740: 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 2835 crashes (5\n-00048750: 290a 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4672 6565 4253 ).64-bit kFreeBS\n-00048760: 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 D \n-00048770: 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2028 crashes (\n-00048780: 3529 0a33 322d 6269 7420 6b4e 6574 4253 5).32-bit kNetBS\n-00048790: 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 D \n-000487a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 7320 crashes \n-000487b0: 2831 290a 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 7442 (1).64-bit kNetB\n-000487c0: 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 SD \n-000487d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a33 322d 6269 ?.32-bi\n-000487e0: 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 2020 2020 2020 t kOpenBSD \n+000486e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f20 no \n+000486f0: 2831 290a 4672 6565 4253 4420 626f 6f74 (1).FreeBSD boot\n+00048700: 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 loader \n+00048710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 crashes\n+00048720: 2028 3129 0a33 322d 6269 7420 6b46 7265 (1).32-bit kFre\n+00048730: 6542 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eBSD \n+00048740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 6865 crashe\n+00048750: 7320 2835 290a 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4672 s (5).64-bit kFr\n+00048760: 6565 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eeBSD \n+00048770: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 crash\n+00048780: 6573 2028 3529 0a33 322d 6269 7420 6b4e es (5).32-bit kN\n+00048790: 6574 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 etBSD \n+000487a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6372 6173 cras\n+000487b0: 6865 7320 2831 290a 3634 2d62 6974 206b hes (1).64-bit k\n+000487c0: 4e65 7442 5344 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 NetBSD \n+000487d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a33 ?.3\n+000487e0: 322d 6269 7420 6b4f 7065 6e42 5344 2020 2-bit kOpenBSD \n 000487f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048800: 3f0a 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4f70 656e 4253 ?.64-bit kOpenBS\n-00048810: 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 D \n-00048820: 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a4d 756c 7469 626f ?.Multibo\n-00048830: 6f74 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ot \n-00048840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 3f0a ?.\n-00048850: 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7432 2020 2020 2020 Multiboot2 \n+00048800: 2020 2020 3f0a 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4f70 ?.64-bit kOp\n+00048810: 656e 4253 4420 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 enBSD \n+00048820: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a4d 756c ?.Mul\n+00048830: 7469 626f 6f74 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tiboot \n+00048840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00048850: 2020 3f0a 4d75 6c74 6962 6f6f 7432 2020 ?.Multiboot2 \n 00048860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048870: 2020 2020 203f 0a33 322d 6269 7420 4c69 ?.32-bit Li\n-00048880: 6e75 7820 286c 6567 6163 7920 7072 6f74 nux (legacy prot\n-00048890: 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 ocol) no (\n-000488a0: 3129 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 1).64-bit Linux \n-000488b0: 286c 6567 6163 7920 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c (legacy protocol\n-000488c0: 2920 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3129 0a33 ) no (1).3\n-000488d0: 322d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286d 6f64 2-bit Linux (mod\n-000488e0: 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 ern protocol) \n-000488f0: 2020 2020 3f0a 3634 2d62 6974 204c 696e ?.64-bit Lin\n-00048900: 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 726e 2070 726f 746f ux (modern proto\n-00048910: 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a33 322d col) ?.32-\n-00048920: 6269 7420 584e 5520 2020 2020 2020 2020 bit XNU \n+00048870: 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a33 322d 6269 ?.32-bi\n+00048880: 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 286c 6567 6163 7920 t Linux (legacy \n+00048890: 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 protocol) \n+000488a0: 6e6f 2028 3129 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4c69 no (1).64-bit Li\n+000488b0: 6e75 7820 286c 6567 6163 7920 7072 6f74 nux (legacy prot\n+000488c0: 6f63 6f6c 2920 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 ocol) no (\n+000488d0: 3129 0a33 322d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 7820 1).32-bit Linux \n+000488e0: 286d 6f64 6572 6e20 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c (modern protocol\n+000488f0: 2920 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 3634 2d62 6974 ) ?.64-bit\n+00048900: 204c 696e 7578 2028 6d6f 6465 726e 2070 Linux (modern p\n+00048910: 726f 746f 636f 6c29 2020 2020 2020 203f rotocol) ?\n+00048920: 0a33 322d 6269 7420 584e 5520 2020 2020 .32-bit XNU \n 00048930: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048940: 2020 3f0a 3634 2d62 6974 2058 4e55 2020 ?.64-bit XNU \n-00048950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a33 322d 6269 ?.32-bi\n-00048970: 7420 4546 4920 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 t EFI chainloade\n-00048980: 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r \n-00048990: 6e6f 2028 3229 0a36 342d 6269 7420 4546 no (2).64-bit EF\n-000489a0: 4920 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 7220 2020 I chainloader \n-000489b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 no (\n-000489c0: 3229 0a41 7070 6c65 6c6f 6164 6572 2020 2).Appleloader \n-000489d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000489e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 0a0a no (2)..\n-000489f0: 2020 312e 2052 6571 7569 7265 7320 4249 1. Requires BI\n-00048a00: 4f53 0a20 2032 2e20 4546 4920 6f6e 6c79 OS. 2. EFI only\n-00048a10: 0a20 2033 2e20 3332 2d62 6974 2061 6e64 . 3. 32-bit and\n-00048a20: 2036 342d 6269 7420 4546 4920 6861 7665 64-bit EFI have\n-00048a30: 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2073 7472 7563 different struc\n-00048a40: 7475 7265 7320 616e 6420 776f 726b 2069 tures and work i\n-00048a50: 6e0a 2020 2020 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 n. different\n-00048a60: 2043 5055 206d 6f64 6573 2073 6f20 6974 CPU modes so it\n-00048a70: 2773 206e 6f74 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 's not possible \n-00048a80: 746f 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 2033 322d to chainload 32-\n-00048a90: 6269 740a 2020 2020 2062 6f6f 746c 6f61 bit. bootloa\n-00048aa0: 6465 7220 6f6e 2036 342d 6269 7420 706c der on 64-bit pl\n-00048ab0: 6174 666f 726d 2061 6e64 2076 6963 652d atform and vice-\n-00048ac0: 7665 7273 610a 2020 342e 2053 6f6d 6520 versa. 4. Some \n-00048ad0: 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 6d61 7920 6e65 6564 modules may need\n-00048ae0: 2074 6f20 6265 2064 6973 6162 6c65 640a to be disabled.\n-00048af0: 2020 352e 2052 6571 7569 7265 7320 4143 5. Requires AC\n-00048b00: 5049 0a0a 2020 2050 6f77 6572 5043 2c20 PI.. PowerPC, \n-00048b10: 4941 3634 2061 6e64 2053 7061 7263 3634 IA64 and Sparc64\n-00048b20: 2070 6f72 7473 2073 7570 706f 7274 206f ports support o\n-00048b30: 6e6c 7920 4c69 6e75 782e 2020 4d49 5053 nly Linux. MIPS\n-00048b40: 2070 6f72 740a 7375 7070 6f72 7473 204c port.supports L\n-00048b50: 696e 7578 2061 6e64 206d 756c 7469 626f inux and multibo\n-00048b60: 6f74 322e 0a0a 3232 2e31 2042 6f6f 7420 ot2...22.1 Boot \n-00048b70: 7465 7374 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d tests.==========\n-00048b80: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a41 7320 796f 7520 6861 =====..As you ha\n-00048b90: 7665 2073 6565 6e20 696e 2070 7265 7669 ve seen in previ\n-00048ba0: 6f75 7320 6368 6170 7465 7220 7468 6520 ous chapter the \n-00048bb0: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6d61 7472 6978 2069 support matrix i\n-00048bc0: 7320 7072 6574 7479 2062 6967 0a61 6e64 s pretty big.and\n-00048bd0: 2073 6f6d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6e some of the con\n-00048be0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 figurations are \n-00048bf0: 6f6e 6c79 2072 6172 656c 7920 7573 6564 only rarely used\n-00048c00: 2e20 2054 6f20 656e 7375 7265 2074 6865 . To ensure the\n-00048c10: 0a71 7561 6c69 7479 2062 6f6f 7463 6865 .quality bootche\n-00048c20: 636b 7320 6172 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c cks are availabl\n-00048c30: 6520 666f 7220 616c 6c20 7838 3620 7461 e for all x86 ta\n-00048c40: 7267 6574 7320 6578 6365 7074 2045 4649 rgets except EFI\n-00048c50: 0a63 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2c20 4170 .chainloader, Ap\n-00048c60: 706c 656c 6f61 6465 7220 616e 6420 584e pleloader and XN\n-00048c70: 552e 2041 6c6c 2078 3836 2070 6c61 7466 U. All x86 platf\n-00048c80: 6f72 6d73 2068 6176 6520 626f 6f74 6368 orms have bootch\n-00048c90: 6563 6b0a 6661 6369 6c69 7479 2065 7863 eck.facility exc\n-00048ca0: 6570 7420 6965 6565 3132 3735 2e20 204d ept ieee1275. M\n-00048cb0: 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2c20 6d75 6c74 6962 ultiboot, multib\n-00048cc0: 6f6f 7432 2c20 4249 4f53 2063 6861 696e oot2, BIOS chain\n-00048cd0: 6c6f 6164 6572 2c0a 6e74 6c64 7220 616e loader,.ntldr an\n-00048ce0: 6420 6672 6565 6273 642d 626f 6f74 6c6f d freebsd-bootlo\n-00048cf0: 6164 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 7461 7267 6574 ader boot target\n-00048d00: 7320 6172 6520 7465 7374 6564 206f 6e6c s are tested onl\n-00048d10: 7920 7769 7468 2061 2066 616b 650a 6b65 y with a fake.ke\n-00048d20: 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 732e 2020 4f6e rnel images. On\n-00048d30: 6c79 204c 696e 7578 2069 7320 7465 7374 ly Linux is test\n-00048d40: 6564 2061 6d6f 6e67 2074 6865 2070 6179 ed among the pay\n-00048d50: 6c6f 6164 7320 7573 696e 6720 4c69 6e75 loads using Linu\n-00048d60: 780a 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 732e 0a0a 2020 x.protocols... \n-00048d70: 2046 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2076 6172 6961 Following varia\n-00048d80: 626c 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 2064 6566 bles must be def\n-00048d90: 696e 6564 3a0a 0a47 5255 425f 5041 594c ined:..GRUB_PAYL\n-00048da0: 4f41 4453 5f44 4952 2020 2020 2020 6469 OADS_DIR di\n-00048db0: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 rectory containi\n-00048dc0: 6e67 2074 6865 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 ng the required \n-00048dd0: 6b65 726e 656c 730a 4752 5542 5f43 4246 kernels.GRUB_CBF\n-00048de0: 5354 4f4f 4c20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 STOOL c\n-00048df0: 6266 7374 6f6f 6c20 6672 6f6d 2043 6f72 bfstool from Cor\n-00048e00: 6562 6f6f 7420 7061 636b 6167 6520 2866 eboot package (f\n-00048e10: 6f72 2063 6f72 6562 6f6f 740a 2020 2020 or coreboot. \n+00048940: 2020 2020 2020 3f0a 3634 2d62 6974 2058 ?.64-bit X\n+00048950: 4e55 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 NU \n+00048960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 203f 0a33 ?.3\n+00048970: 322d 6269 7420 4546 4920 6368 6169 6e6c 2-bit EFI chainl\n+00048980: 6f61 6465 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 oader \n+00048990: 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 3229 0a36 342d 6269 no (2).64-bi\n+000489a0: 7420 4546 4920 6368 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 t EFI chainloade\n+000489b0: 7220 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r \n+000489c0: 6e6f 2028 3229 0a41 7070 6c65 6c6f 6164 no (2).Appleload\n+000489d0: 6572 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 er \n+000489e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 2028 no (\n+000489f0: 3229 0a0a 2020 312e 2052 6571 7569 7265 2).. 1. Require\n+00048a00: 7320 4249 4f53 0a20 2032 2e20 4546 4920 s BIOS. 2. EFI \n+00048a10: 6f6e 6c79 0a20 2033 2e20 3332 2d62 6974 only. 3. 32-bit\n+00048a20: 2061 6e64 2036 342d 6269 7420 4546 4920 and 64-bit EFI \n+00048a30: 6861 7665 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2073 have different s\n+00048a40: 7472 7563 7475 7265 7320 616e 6420 776f tructures and wo\n+00048a50: 726b 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2064 6966 6665 rk in. diffe\n+00048a60: 7265 6e74 2043 5055 206d 6f64 6573 2073 rent CPU modes s\n+00048a70: 6f20 6974 2773 206e 6f74 2070 6f73 7369 o it's not possi\n+00048a80: 626c 6520 746f 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 ble to chainload\n+00048a90: 2033 322d 6269 740a 2020 2020 2062 6f6f 32-bit. boo\n+00048aa0: 746c 6f61 6465 7220 6f6e 2036 342d 6269 tloader on 64-bi\n+00048ab0: 7420 706c 6174 666f 726d 2061 6e64 2076 t platform and v\n+00048ac0: 6963 652d 7665 7273 610a 2020 342e 2053 ice-versa. 4. S\n+00048ad0: 6f6d 6520 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 6d61 7920 ome modules may \n+00048ae0: 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2064 6973 6162 need to be disab\n+00048af0: 6c65 640a 2020 352e 2052 6571 7569 7265 led. 5. Require\n+00048b00: 7320 4143 5049 0a0a 2020 2050 6f77 6572 s ACPI.. Power\n+00048b10: 5043 2c20 4941 3634 2061 6e64 2053 7061 PC, IA64 and Spa\n+00048b20: 7263 3634 2070 6f72 7473 2073 7570 706f rc64 ports suppo\n+00048b30: 7274 206f 6e6c 7920 4c69 6e75 782e 2020 rt only Linux. \n+00048b40: 4d49 5053 2070 6f72 740a 7375 7070 6f72 MIPS port.suppor\n+00048b50: 7473 204c 696e 7578 2061 6e64 206d 756c ts Linux and mul\n+00048b60: 7469 626f 6f74 322e 0a0a 3232 2e31 2042 tiboot2...22.1 B\n+00048b70: 6f6f 7420 7465 7374 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d oot tests.======\n+00048b80: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a41 7320 796f =========..As yo\n+00048b90: 7520 6861 7665 2073 6565 6e20 696e 2070 u have seen in p\n+00048ba0: 7265 7669 6f75 7320 6368 6170 7465 7220 revious chapter \n+00048bb0: 7468 6520 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6d61 7472 the support matr\n+00048bc0: 6978 2069 7320 7072 6574 7479 2062 6967 ix is pretty big\n+00048bd0: 0a61 6e64 2073 6f6d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 .and some of the\n+00048be0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 7320 configurations \n+00048bf0: 6172 6520 6f6e 6c79 2072 6172 656c 7920 are only rarely \n+00048c00: 7573 6564 2e20 2054 6f20 656e 7375 7265 used. To ensure\n+00048c10: 2074 6865 0a71 7561 6c69 7479 2062 6f6f the.quality boo\n+00048c20: 7463 6865 636b 7320 6172 6520 6176 6169 tchecks are avai\n+00048c30: 6c61 626c 6520 666f 7220 616c 6c20 7838 lable for all x8\n+00048c40: 3620 7461 7267 6574 7320 6578 6365 7074 6 targets except\n+00048c50: 2045 4649 0a63 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 EFI.chainloader\n+00048c60: 2c20 4170 706c 656c 6f61 6465 7220 616e , Appleloader an\n+00048c70: 6420 584e 552e 2041 6c6c 2078 3836 2070 d XNU. All x86 p\n+00048c80: 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2068 6176 6520 626f latforms have bo\n+00048c90: 6f74 6368 6563 6b0a 6661 6369 6c69 7479 otcheck.facility\n+00048ca0: 2065 7863 6570 7420 6965 6565 3132 3735 except ieee1275\n+00048cb0: 2e20 204d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 2c20 6d75 . Multiboot, mu\n+00048cc0: 6c74 6962 6f6f 7432 2c20 4249 4f53 2063 ltiboot2, BIOS c\n+00048cd0: 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2c0a 6e74 6c64 hainloader,.ntld\n+00048ce0: 7220 616e 6420 6672 6565 6273 642d 626f r and freebsd-bo\n+00048cf0: 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2062 6f6f 7420 7461 otloader boot ta\n+00048d00: 7267 6574 7320 6172 6520 7465 7374 6564 rgets are tested\n+00048d10: 206f 6e6c 7920 7769 7468 2061 2066 616b only with a fak\n+00048d20: 650a 6b65 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 732e e.kernel images.\n+00048d30: 2020 4f6e 6c79 204c 696e 7578 2069 7320 Only Linux is \n+00048d40: 7465 7374 6564 2061 6d6f 6e67 2074 6865 tested among the\n+00048d50: 2070 6179 6c6f 6164 7320 7573 696e 6720 payloads using \n+00048d60: 4c69 6e75 780a 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 732e Linux.protocols.\n+00048d70: 0a0a 2020 2046 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2076 .. Following v\n+00048d80: 6172 6961 626c 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 ariables must be\n+00048d90: 2064 6566 696e 6564 3a0a 0a47 5255 425f defined:..GRUB_\n+00048da0: 5041 594c 4f41 4453 5f44 4952 2020 2020 PAYLOADS_DIR \n+00048db0: 2020 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 636f 6e74 directory cont\n+00048dc0: 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 2072 6571 7569 aining the requi\n+00048dd0: 7265 6420 6b65 726e 656c 730a 4752 5542 red kernels.GRUB\n+00048de0: 5f43 4246 5354 4f4f 4c20 2020 2020 2020 _CBFSTOOL \n+00048df0: 2020 2063 6266 7374 6f6f 6c20 6672 6f6d cbfstool from\n+00048e00: 2043 6f72 6562 6f6f 7420 7061 636b 6167 Coreboot packag\n+00048e10: 6520 2866 6f72 2063 6f72 6562 6f6f 740a e (for coreboot.\n 00048e20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00048e30: 2020 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 6f6e 6c79 platform only\n-00048e40: 290a 4752 5542 5f43 4f52 4542 4f4f 545f ).GRUB_COREBOOT_\n-00048e50: 524f 4d20 2020 2020 2065 6d70 7479 2043 ROM empty C\n-00048e60: 6f72 6562 6f6f 7420 524f 4d0a 4752 5542 oreboot ROM.GRUB\n-00048e70: 5f51 454d 555f 4f50 5453 2020 2020 2020 _QEMU_OPTS \n-00048e80: 2020 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 6f70 additional op\n-00048e90: 7469 6f6e 7320 746f 2062 6520 7375 7070 tions to be supp\n-00048ea0: 6c69 6564 2074 6f20 5145 4d55 0a0a 2020 lied to QEMU.. \n-00048eb0: 2052 6571 7569 7265 6420 6669 6c65 7320 Required files \n-00048ec0: 6172 653a 0a0a 6b66 7265 6562 7364 5f65 are:..kfreebsd_e\n-00048ed0: 6e76 2e69 3338 3620 2020 2020 2020 2020 nv.i386 \n-00048ee0: 2020 2020 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4672 6565 32-bit kFree\n-00048ef0: 4253 4420 6465 7669 6365 2068 696e 7473 BSD device hints\n-00048f00: 0a6b 6672 6565 6273 642e 6933 3836 2020 .kfreebsd.i386 \n-00048f10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2033 3\n-00048f20: 322d 6269 7420 4672 6565 4253 4420 6b65 2-bit FreeBSD ke\n-00048f30: 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 0a6b 6672 6565 rnel image.kfree\n-00048f40: 6273 642e 7838 365f 3634 2c20 2020 2020 bsd.x86_64, \n-00048f50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 616d 6520 6672 same fr\n-00048f60: 6f6d 2036 342d 6269 7420 6b46 7265 6542 om 64-bit kFreeB\n-00048f70: 5344 0a6b 6672 6565 6273 645f 656e 762e SD.kfreebsd_env.\n-00048f80: 7838 365f 3634 0a6b 6e65 7462 7364 2e69 x86_64.knetbsd.i\n-00048f90: 3338 3620 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 386 \n-00048fa0: 2020 2020 2033 322d 6269 7420 4e65 7442 32-bit NetB\n-00048fb0: 5344 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d 6167 650a SD kernel image.\n-00048fc0: 6b6e 6574 6273 642e 6d69 6e69 726f 6f74 knetbsd.miniroot\n-00048fd0: 2e69 3338 3620 2020 2020 2020 2020 3332 .i386 32\n-00048fe0: 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 7442 5344 206d 696e -bit kNetBSD min\n-00048ff0: 6972 6f6f 742e 6b6d 6f64 2e0a 6b6e 6574 iroot.kmod..knet\n-00049000: 6273 642e 7838 365f 3634 2c20 2020 2020 bsd.x86_64, \n-00049010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7361 6d65 2066 same f\n-00049020: 726f 6d20 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 7442 rom 64-bit kNetB\n-00049030: 5344 0a6b 6e65 7462 7364 2e6d 696e 6972 SD.knetbsd.minir\n-00049040: 6f6f 742e 7838 365f 3634 0a6b 6f70 656e oot.x86_64.kopen\n-00049050: 6273 642e 6933 3836 2020 2020 2020 2020 bsd.i386 \n-00049060: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2033 322d 6269 7420 32-bit \n-00049070: 4f70 656e 4253 4420 6b65 726e 656c 2062 OpenBSD kernel b\n-00049080: 7364 2e72 6420 696d 6167 650a 6b6f 7065 sd.rd image.kope\n-00049090: 6e62 7364 2e78 3836 5f36 3420 2020 2020 nbsd.x86_64 \n-000490a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7361 6d65 2066 same f\n-000490b0: 726f 6d20 3634 2d62 6974 206b 4f70 656e rom 64-bit kOpen\n-000490c0: 4253 440a 6c69 6e75 782e 6933 3836 2020 BSD.linux.i386 \n-000490d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-000490e0: 2020 3332 2d62 6974 204c 696e 7578 0a6c 32-bit Linux.l\n-000490f0: 696e 7578 2e78 3836 5f36 3420 2020 2020 inux.x86_64 \n-00049100: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2036 342d 64-\n-00049110: 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 780a 0a1f 0a46 696c bit Linux....Fil\n-00049120: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00049130: 6f64 653a 2054 726f 7562 6c65 7368 6f6f ode: Troubleshoo\n-00049140: 7469 6e67 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2055 7365 ting, Next: Use\n-00049150: 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 696c 6974 6965 r-space utilitie\n-00049160: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5375 7070 6f72 s, Prev: Suppor\n-00049170: 7465 6420 6b65 726e 656c 732c 2020 5570 ted kernels, Up\n-00049180: 3a20 546f 700a 0a32 3320 4572 726f 7220 : Top..23 Error \n-00049190: 6d65 7373 6167 6573 2070 726f 6475 6365 messages produce\n-000491a0: 6420 6279 2047 5255 420a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a d by GRUB.******\n+00048e30: 2020 2020 2020 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 platform \n+00048e40: 6f6e 6c79 290a 4752 5542 5f43 4f52 4542 only).GRUB_COREB\n+00048e50: 4f4f 545f 524f 4d20 2020 2020 2065 6d70 OOT_ROM emp\n+00048e60: 7479 2043 6f72 6562 6f6f 7420 524f 4d0a ty Coreboot ROM.\n+00048e70: 4752 5542 5f51 454d 555f 4f50 5453 2020 GRUB_QEMU_OPTS \n+00048e80: 2020 2020 2020 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 additiona\n+00048e90: 6c20 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 746f 2062 6520 l options to be \n+00048ea0: 7375 7070 6c69 6564 2074 6f20 5145 4d55 supplied to QEMU\n+00048eb0: 0a0a 2020 2052 6571 7569 7265 6420 6669 .. Required fi\n+00048ec0: 6c65 7320 6172 653a 0a0a 6b66 7265 6562 les are:..kfreeb\n+00048ed0: 7364 5f65 6e76 2e69 3338 3620 2020 2020 sd_env.i386 \n+00048ee0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 3332 2d62 6974 206b 32-bit k\n+00048ef0: 4672 6565 4253 4420 6465 7669 6365 2068 FreeBSD device h\n+00048f00: 696e 7473 0a6b 6672 6565 6273 642e 6933 ints.kfreebsd.i3\n+00048f10: 3836 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 86 \n+00048f20: 2020 2033 322d 6269 7420 4672 6565 4253 32-bit FreeBS\n+00048f30: 4420 6b65 726e 656c 2069 6d61 6765 0a6b D kernel image.k\n+00048f40: 6672 6565 6273 642e 7838 365f 3634 2c20 freebsd.x86_64, \n+00048f50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 616d sam\n+00048f60: 6520 6672 6f6d 2036 342d 6269 7420 6b46 e from 64-bit kF\n+00048f70: 7265 6542 5344 0a6b 6672 6565 6273 645f reeBSD.kfreebsd_\n+00048f80: 656e 762e 7838 365f 3634 0a6b 6e65 7462 env.x86_64.knetb\n+00048f90: 7364 2e69 3338 3620 2020 2020 2020 2020 sd.i386 \n+00048fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2033 322d 6269 7420 32-bit \n+00048fb0: 4e65 7442 5344 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 696d NetBSD kernel im\n+00048fc0: 6167 650a 6b6e 6574 6273 642e 6d69 6e69 age.knetbsd.mini\n+00048fd0: 726f 6f74 2e69 3338 3620 2020 2020 2020 root.i386 \n+00048fe0: 2020 3332 2d62 6974 206b 4e65 7442 5344 32-bit kNetBSD\n+00048ff0: 206d 696e 6972 6f6f 742e 6b6d 6f64 2e0a miniroot.kmod..\n+00049000: 6b6e 6574 6273 642e 7838 365f 3634 2c20 knetbsd.x86_64, \n+00049010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7361 sa\n+00049020: 6d65 2066 726f 6d20 3634 2d62 6974 206b me from 64-bit k\n+00049030: 4e65 7442 5344 0a6b 6e65 7462 7364 2e6d NetBSD.knetbsd.m\n+00049040: 696e 6972 6f6f 742e 7838 365f 3634 0a6b iniroot.x86_64.k\n+00049050: 6f70 656e 6273 642e 6933 3836 2020 2020 openbsd.i386 \n+00049060: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2033 322d 32-\n+00049070: 6269 7420 4f70 656e 4253 4420 6b65 726e bit OpenBSD kern\n+00049080: 656c 2062 7364 2e72 6420 696d 6167 650a el bsd.rd image.\n+00049090: 6b6f 7065 6e62 7364 2e78 3836 5f36 3420 kopenbsd.x86_64 \n+000490a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7361 sa\n+000490b0: 6d65 2066 726f 6d20 3634 2d62 6974 206b me from 64-bit k\n+000490c0: 4f70 656e 4253 440a 6c69 6e75 782e 6933 OpenBSD.linux.i3\n+000490d0: 3836 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 86 \n+000490e0: 2020 2020 2020 3332 2d62 6974 204c 696e 32-bit Lin\n+000490f0: 7578 0a6c 696e 7578 2e78 3836 5f36 3420 ux.linux.x86_64 \n+00049100: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00049110: 2036 342d 6269 7420 4c69 6e75 780a 0a1f 64-bit Linux...\n+00049120: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00049130: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2054 726f 7562 6c65 , Node: Trouble\n+00049140: 7368 6f6f 7469 6e67 2c20 204e 6578 743a shooting, Next:\n+00049150: 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 696c User-space util\n+00049160: 6974 6965 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5375 ities, Prev: Su\n+00049170: 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6b65 726e 656c 732c pported kernels,\n+00049180: 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a32 3320 4572 Up: Top..23 Er\n+00049190: 726f 7220 6d65 7373 6167 6573 2070 726f ror messages pro\n+000491a0: 6475 6365 6420 6279 2047 5255 420a 2a2a duced by GRUB.**\n 000491b0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-000491c0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 2a20 ************..* \n-000491d0: 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2047 5255 4220 6f6e Menu:..* GRUB on\n-000491e0: 6c79 206f 6666 6572 7320 6120 7265 7363 ly offers a resc\n-000491f0: 7565 2073 6865 6c6c 3a3a 0a2a 2046 6972 ue shell::.* Fir\n-00049200: 6d77 6172 6520 7374 616c 6c73 2069 6e73 mware stalls ins\n-00049210: 7465 6164 206f 6620 626f 6f74 696e 6720 tead of booting \n-00049220: 4752 5542 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 GRUB::....File: \n-00049230: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00049240: 3a20 4752 5542 206f 6e6c 7920 6f66 6665 : GRUB only offe\n-00049250: 7273 2061 2072 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c rs a rescue shel\n-00049260: 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4669 726d 7761 l, Next: Firmwa\n-00049270: 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e 7374 6561 re stalls instea\n-00049280: 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2047 5255 d of booting GRU\n-00049290: 422c 2020 5570 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 B, Up: Troubles\n-000492a0: 686f 6f74 696e 670a 0a32 332e 3120 4752 hooting..23.1 GR\n-000492b0: 5542 206f 6e6c 7920 6f66 6665 7273 2061 UB only offers a\n-000492c0: 2072 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c 6c0a 3d3d rescue shell.==\n-000492d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000491c0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+000491d0: 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2047 5255 ..* Menu:..* GRU\n+000491e0: 4220 6f6e 6c79 206f 6666 6572 7320 6120 B only offers a \n+000491f0: 7265 7363 7565 2073 6865 6c6c 3a3a 0a2a rescue shell::.*\n+00049200: 2046 6972 6d77 6172 6520 7374 616c 6c73 Firmware stalls\n+00049210: 2069 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 626f 6f74 instead of boot\n+00049220: 696e 6720 4752 5542 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 ing GRUB::....Fi\n+00049230: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+00049240: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4752 5542 206f 6e6c 7920 Node: GRUB only \n+00049250: 6f66 6665 7273 2061 2072 6573 6375 6520 offers a rescue \n+00049260: 7368 656c 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4669 shell, Next: Fi\n+00049270: 726d 7761 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e rmware stalls in\n+00049280: 7374 6561 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 stead of booting\n+00049290: 2047 5255 422c 2020 5570 3a20 5472 6f75 GRUB, Up: Trou\n+000492a0: 626c 6573 686f 6f74 696e 670a 0a32 332e bleshooting..23.\n+000492b0: 3120 4752 5542 206f 6e6c 7920 6f66 6665 1 GRUB only offe\n+000492c0: 7273 2061 2072 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c rs a rescue shel\n+000492d0: 6c0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d l.==============\n 000492e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000492f0: 3d3d 0a0a 4752 5542 2773 206e 6f72 6d61 ==..GRUB's norma\n-00049300: 6c20 7374 6172 742d 7570 2070 726f 6365 l start-up proce\n-00049310: 6475 7265 2069 6e76 6f6c 7665 7320 7365 dure involves se\n-00049320: 7474 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 9870 7265 tting the ...pre\n-00049330: 6669 78e2 8099 0a65 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 fix....environme\n-00049340: 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 746f 2061 nt variable to a\n-00049350: 2076 616c 7565 2073 6574 2069 6e20 7468 value set in th\n-00049360: 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 2062 7920 e core image by \n-00049370: e280 9867 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 ...grub-install.\n-00049380: 8099 2c0a 7365 7474 696e 6720 7468 6520 ..,.setting the \n-00049390: e280 9872 6f6f 74e2 8099 2076 6172 6961 ...root... varia\n-000493a0: 626c 6520 746f 206d 6174 6368 2c20 6c6f ble to match, lo\n-000493b0: 6164 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 986e 6f72 ading the ...nor\n-000493c0: 6d61 6ce2 8099 206d 6f64 756c 6520 6672 mal... module fr\n-000493d0: 6f6d 0a74 6865 2070 7265 6669 782c 2061 om.the prefix, a\n-000493e0: 6e64 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 nd running the .\n-000493f0: 8098 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 636f 6d6d ..normal... comm\n-00049400: 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 206e 6f72 6d61 and (*note norma\n-00049410: 6c3a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 730a 636f 6d6d l::). This.comm\n-00049420: 616e 6420 6973 2072 6573 706f 6e73 6962 and is responsib\n-00049430: 6c65 2066 6f72 2072 6561 6469 6e67 20e2 le for reading .\n-00049440: 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 ../boot/grub/gru\n-00049450: 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2c20 7275 6e6e 696e b.cfg..., runnin\n-00049460: 6720 7468 650a 6d65 6e75 2c20 616e 6420 g the.menu, and \n-00049470: 646f 696e 6720 616c 6c20 7468 6520 7573 doing all the us\n-00049480: 6566 756c 2074 6869 6e67 7320 4752 5542 eful things GRUB\n-00049490: 2069 7320 7375 7070 6f73 6564 2074 6f20 is supposed to \n-000494a0: 646f 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2c20 696e 7374 do... If, inst\n-000494b0: 6561 642c 2079 6f75 206f 6e6c 7920 6765 ead, you only ge\n-000494c0: 7420 6120 7265 7363 7565 2073 6865 6c6c t a rescue shell\n-000494d0: 2c20 7468 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 206d , this usually m\n-000494e0: 6561 6e73 2074 6861 740a 4752 5542 2066 eans that.GRUB f\n-000494f0: 6169 6c65 6420 746f 206c 6f61 6420 7468 ailed to load th\n-00049500: 6520 e280 986e 6f72 6d61 6ce2 8099 206d e ...normal... m\n-00049510: 6f64 756c 6520 666f 7220 736f 6d65 2072 odule for some r\n-00049520: 6561 736f 6e2e 2020 4974 206d 6179 2062 eason. It may b\n-00049530: 650a 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2074 6f20 776f e.possible to wo\n-00049540: 726b 2061 726f 756e 6420 7468 6973 2074 rk around this t\n-00049550: 656d 706f 7261 7269 6c79 3a20 666f 7220 emporarily: for \n-00049560: 696e 7374 616e 6365 2c20 6966 2074 6865 instance, if the\n-00049570: 2072 6561 736f 6e0a 666f 7220 7468 6520 reason.for the \n-00049580: 6661 696c 7572 6520 6973 2074 6861 7420 failure is that \n-00049590: e280 9870 7265 6669 78e2 8099 2069 7320 ...prefix... is \n-000495a0: 7772 6f6e 6720 2870 6572 6861 7073 2069 wrong (perhaps i\n-000495b0: 7420 7265 6665 7273 2074 6f20 7468 650a t refers to the.\n-000495c0: 7772 6f6e 6720 6465 7669 6365 2c20 6f72 wrong device, or\n-000495d0: 2070 6572 6861 7073 2074 6865 2070 6174 perhaps the pat\n-000495e0: 6820 746f 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 h to .../boot/gr\n-000495f0: 7562 e280 9920 7761 7320 6e6f 7420 636f ub... was not co\n-00049600: 7272 6563 746c 7920 6d61 6465 0a72 656c rrectly made.rel\n-00049610: 6174 6976 6520 746f 2074 6865 2064 6576 ative to the dev\n-00049620: 6963 6529 2c20 7468 656e 2079 6f75 2063 ice), then you c\n-00049630: 616e 2063 6f72 7265 6374 2074 6869 7320 an correct this \n-00049640: 616e 6420 656e 7465 7220 6e6f 726d 616c and enter normal\n-00049650: 206d 6f64 650a 6d61 6e75 616c 6c79 3a0a mode.manually:.\n-00049660: 0a20 2020 2020 2320 496e 7370 6563 7420 . # Inspect \n-00049670: 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 7072 6566 the current pref\n-00049680: 6978 2028 616e 6420 6f74 6865 7220 7072 ix (and other pr\n-00049690: 6573 6574 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 293a eset variables):\n-000496a0: 0a20 2020 2020 7365 740a 2020 2020 2023 . set. #\n-000496b0: 2046 696e 6420 6f75 7420 7768 6963 6820 Find out which \n-000496c0: 6465 7669 6365 7320 6172 6520 6176 6169 devices are avai\n-000496d0: 6c61 626c 653a 0a20 2020 2020 6c73 0a20 lable:. ls. \n-000496e0: 2020 2020 2320 5365 7420 746f 2074 6865 # Set to the\n-000496f0: 2063 6f72 7265 6374 2076 616c 7565 2c20 correct value, \n-00049700: 7768 6963 6820 6d69 6768 7420 6265 2073 which might be s\n-00049710: 6f6d 6574 6869 6e67 206c 696b 6520 7468 omething like th\n-00049720: 6973 3a0a 2020 2020 2073 6574 2070 7265 is:. set pre\n-00049730: 6669 783d 2868 6430 2c31 292f 6772 7562 fix=(hd0,1)/grub\n-00049740: 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7420 726f 6f74 3d28 . set root=(\n-00049750: 6864 302c 3129 0a20 2020 2020 696e 736d hd0,1). insm\n-00049760: 6f64 206e 6f72 6d61 6c0a 2020 2020 206e od normal. n\n-00049770: 6f72 6d61 6c0a 0a20 2020 486f 7765 7665 ormal.. Howeve\n-00049780: 722c 2061 6e79 2070 726f 626c 656d 2074 r, any problem t\n-00049790: 6861 7420 6c65 6176 6573 2079 6f75 2069 hat leaves you i\n-000497a0: 6e20 7468 6520 7265 7363 7565 2073 6865 n the rescue she\n-000497b0: 6c6c 2070 726f 6261 626c 790a 6d65 616e ll probably.mean\n-000497c0: 7320 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 7761 7320 s that GRUB was \n-000497d0: 6e6f 7420 636f 7272 6563 746c 7920 696e not correctly in\n-000497e0: 7374 616c 6c65 642e 2020 4974 206d 6179 stalled. It may\n-000497f0: 2062 6520 6d6f 7265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 be more useful \n-00049800: 746f 0a74 7279 2074 6f20 7265 696e 7374 to.try to reinst\n-00049810: 616c 6c20 6974 2070 726f 7065 726c 7920 all it properly \n-00049820: 7573 696e 6720 e280 9867 7275 622d 696e using ...grub-in\n-00049830: 7374 616c 6c20 4445 5649 4345 e280 9920 stall DEVICE... \n-00049840: 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 670a (*note Invoking.\n-00049850: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 3a3a 292e grub-install::).\n-00049860: 2020 5768 656e 2064 6f69 6e67 2074 6869 When doing thi\n-00049870: 732c 2074 6865 7265 2061 7265 2061 2066 s, there are a f\n-00049880: 6577 2074 6869 6e67 7320 746f 2072 656d ew things to rem\n-00049890: 656d 6265 723a 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2044 ember:.. ... D\n-000498a0: 7269 7665 206f 7264 6572 696e 6720 696e rive ordering in\n-000498b0: 2079 6f75 7220 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 your operating \n-000498c0: 7379 7374 656d 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2062 system may not b\n-000498d0: 6520 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 7468 e the same as th\n-000498e0: 650a 2020 2020 2062 6f6f 7420 6472 6976 e. boot driv\n-000498f0: 6520 6f72 6465 7269 6e67 2075 7365 6420 e ordering used \n-00049900: 6279 2079 6f75 7220 6669 726d 7761 7265 by your firmware\n-00049910: 2e20 2044 6f20 6e6f 7420 6173 7375 6d65 . Do not assume\n-00049920: 2074 6861 7420 796f 7572 0a20 2020 2020 that your. \n-00049930: 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 7269 7665 first hard drive\n-00049940: 2028 652e 672e 2020 e280 982f 6465 762f (e.g. .../dev/\n-00049950: 7364 61e2 8099 2920 6973 2074 6865 206f sda...) is the o\n-00049960: 6e65 2074 6861 7420 796f 7572 2066 6972 ne that your fir\n-00049970: 6d77 6172 650a 2020 2020 2077 696c 6c20 mware. will \n-00049980: 626f 6f74 2066 726f 6d2e 2020 e280 9864 boot from. ...d\n-00049990: 6576 6963 652e 6d61 70e2 8099 2028 2a6e evice.map... (*n\n-000499a0: 6f74 6520 4465 7669 6365 206d 6170 3a3a ote Device map::\n-000499b0: 2920 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 746f ) can be used to\n-000499c0: 0a20 2020 2020 6f76 6572 7269 6465 2074 . override t\n-000499d0: 6869 732c 2062 7574 2069 7420 6973 2075 his, but it is u\n-000499e0: 7375 616c 6c79 2062 6574 7465 7220 746f sually better to\n-000499f0: 2075 7365 2055 5549 4473 206f 7220 6669 use UUIDs or fi\n-00049a00: 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 206c le system. l\n-00049a10: 6162 656c 7320 616e 6420 6176 6f69 6420 abels and avoid \n-00049a20: 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 2064 7269 depending on dri\n-00049a30: 7665 206f 7264 6572 696e 6720 656e 7469 ve ordering enti\n-00049a40: 7265 6c79 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4174 rely... ... At\n-00049a50: 206c 6561 7374 206f 6e20 4249 4f53 2073 least on BIOS s\n-00049a60: 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 2074 ystems, if you t\n-00049a70: 656c 6c20 e280 9867 7275 622d 696e 7374 ell ...grub-inst\n-00049a80: 616c 6ce2 8099 2074 6f20 696e 7374 616c all... to instal\n-00049a90: 6c0a 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 746f 2061 l. GRUB to a\n-00049aa0: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2062 7574 2047 partition but G\n-00049ab0: 5255 4220 6861 7320 616c 7265 6164 7920 RUB has already \n-00049ac0: 6265 656e 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2069 been installed i\n-00049ad0: 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 206d 6173 7465 n the. maste\n-00049ae0: 7220 626f 6f74 2072 6563 6f72 642c 2074 r boot record, t\n-00049af0: 6865 6e20 7468 6520 4752 5542 2069 6e73 hen the GRUB ins\n-00049b00: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 696e 2074 6865 tallation in the\n-00049b10: 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 partition. \n-00049b20: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6967 6e6f 7265 642e will be ignored.\n-00049b30: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2049 6620 706f 7373 .. ... If poss\n-00049b40: 6962 6c65 2c20 6974 2069 7320 6765 6e65 ible, it is gene\n-00049b50: 7261 6c6c 7920 6265 7374 2074 6f20 6176 rally best to av\n-00049b60: 6f69 6420 696e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2047 oid installing G\n-00049b70: 5255 4220 746f 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7061 RUB to a. pa\n-00049b80: 7274 6974 696f 6e20 2875 6e6c 6573 7320 rtition (unless \n-00049b90: 6974 2069 7320 6120 7370 6563 6961 6c20 it is a special \n-00049ba0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 666f 7220 7468 partition for th\n-00049bb0: 6520 7573 6520 6f66 2047 5255 420a 2020 e use of GRUB. \n-00049bc0: 2020 2061 6c6f 6e65 2c20 7375 6368 2061 alone, such a\n-00049bd0: 7320 7468 6520 4249 4f53 2042 6f6f 7420 s the BIOS Boot \n-00049be0: 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7573 6564 206f Partition used o\n-00049bf0: 6e20 4750 5429 2e20 446f 696e 6720 7468 n GPT). Doing th\n-00049c00: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 616e 7320 7468 is. means th\n-00049c10: 6174 2047 5255 4220 6d61 7920 7374 6f70 at GRUB may stop\n-00049c20: 2062 6569 6e67 2061 626c 6520 746f 2072 being able to r\n-00049c30: 6561 6420 6974 7320 636f 7265 2069 6d61 ead its core ima\n-00049c40: 6765 2064 7565 2074 6f20 610a 2020 2020 ge due to a. \n-00049c50: 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 206d 6f76 file system mov\n-00049c60: 696e 6720 626c 6f63 6b73 2061 726f 756e ing blocks aroun\n-00049c70: 642c 2073 7563 6820 6173 2077 6869 6c65 d, such as while\n-00049c80: 2064 6566 7261 676d 656e 7469 6e67 2c0a defragmenting,.\n-00049c90: 2020 2020 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2063 6865 running che\n-00049ca0: 636b 732c 206f 7220 6576 656e 2064 7572 cks, or even dur\n-00049cb0: 696e 6720 6e6f 726d 616c 206f 7065 7261 ing normal opera\n-00049cc0: 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e tion. Installin\n-00049cd0: 6720 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7768 g to the. wh\n-00049ce0: 6f6c 6520 6469 736b 2064 6576 6963 6520 ole disk device \n-00049cf0: 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6d6f 7265 is normally more\n-00049d00: 2072 6f62 7573 742e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 robust... ...\n-00049d10: 2043 6865 636b 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 Check that GRUB\n-00049d20: 2061 6374 7561 6c6c 7920 6b6e 6f77 7320 actually knows \n-00049d30: 686f 7720 746f 2072 6561 6420 6672 6f6d how to read from\n-00049d40: 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 616e 6420 the device and \n-00049d50: 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 7379 7374 656d file. system\n-00049d60: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 e280 982f containing .../\n-00049d70: 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 2e20 2049 boot/grub.... I\n-00049d80: 7420 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6162 t will not be ab\n-00049d90: 6c65 2074 6f20 7265 6164 2066 726f 6d0a le to read from.\n-00049da0: 2020 2020 2065 6e63 7279 7074 6564 2064 encrypted d\n-00049db0: 6576 6963 6573 2077 6974 6820 756e 7375 evices with unsu\n-00049dc0: 7070 6f72 7465 6420 656e 6372 7970 7469 pported encrypti\n-00049dd0: 6f6e 2073 6368 656d 652c 206e 6f72 2066 on scheme, nor f\n-00049de0: 726f 6d20 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 7379 rom file. sy\n-00049df0: 7374 656d 7320 666f 7220 7768 6963 6820 stems for which \n-00049e00: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6861 7320 6e6f 7420 support has not \n-00049e10: 7965 7420 6265 656e 2061 6464 6564 2074 yet been added t\n-00049e20: 6f20 4752 5542 2e0a 0a o GRUB...\n+000492f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4752 5542 2773 206e ======..GRUB's n\n+00049300: 6f72 6d61 6c20 7374 6172 742d 7570 2070 ormal start-up p\n+00049310: 726f 6365 6475 7265 2069 6e76 6f6c 7665 rocedure involve\n+00049320: 7320 7365 7474 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 s setting the ..\n+00049330: 9870 7265 6669 78e2 8099 0a65 6e76 6972 .prefix....envir\n+00049340: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 onment variable \n+00049350: 746f 2061 2076 616c 7565 2073 6574 2069 to a value set i\n+00049360: 6e20 7468 6520 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 n the core image\n+00049370: 2062 7920 e280 9867 7275 622d 696e 7374 by ...grub-inst\n+00049380: 616c 6ce2 8099 2c0a 7365 7474 696e 6720 all...,.setting \n+00049390: 7468 6520 e280 9872 6f6f 74e2 8099 2076 the ...root... v\n+000493a0: 6172 6961 626c 6520 746f 206d 6174 6368 ariable to match\n+000493b0: 2c20 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 , loading the ..\n+000493c0: 986e 6f72 6d61 6ce2 8099 206d 6f64 756c .normal... modul\n+000493d0: 6520 6672 6f6d 0a74 6865 2070 7265 6669 e from.the prefi\n+000493e0: 782c 2061 6e64 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2074 x, and running t\n+000493f0: 6865 20e2 8098 6e6f 726d 616c e280 9920 he ...normal... \n+00049400: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 282a 6e6f 7465 206e command (*note n\n+00049410: 6f72 6d61 6c3a 3a29 2e20 2054 6869 730a ormal::). This.\n+00049420: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6973 2072 6573 706f command is respo\n+00049430: 6e73 6962 6c65 2066 6f72 2072 6561 6469 nsible for readi\n+00049440: 6e67 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 ng .../boot/grub\n+00049450: 2f67 7275 622e 6366 67e2 8099 2c20 7275 /grub.cfg..., ru\n+00049460: 6e6e 696e 6720 7468 650a 6d65 6e75 2c20 nning the.menu, \n+00049470: 616e 6420 646f 696e 6720 616c 6c20 7468 and doing all th\n+00049480: 6520 7573 6566 756c 2074 6869 6e67 7320 e useful things \n+00049490: 4752 5542 2069 7320 7375 7070 6f73 6564 GRUB is supposed\n+000494a0: 2074 6f20 646f 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2c20 to do... If, \n+000494b0: 696e 7374 6561 642c 2079 6f75 206f 6e6c instead, you onl\n+000494c0: 7920 6765 7420 6120 7265 7363 7565 2073 y get a rescue s\n+000494d0: 6865 6c6c 2c20 7468 6973 2075 7375 616c hell, this usual\n+000494e0: 6c79 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 740a 4752 ly means that.GR\n+000494f0: 5542 2066 6169 6c65 6420 746f 206c 6f61 UB failed to loa\n+00049500: 6420 7468 6520 e280 986e 6f72 6d61 6ce2 d the ...normal.\n+00049510: 8099 206d 6f64 756c 6520 666f 7220 736f .. module for so\n+00049520: 6d65 2072 6561 736f 6e2e 2020 4974 206d me reason. It m\n+00049530: 6179 2062 650a 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2074 ay be.possible t\n+00049540: 6f20 776f 726b 2061 726f 756e 6420 7468 o work around th\n+00049550: 6973 2074 656d 706f 7261 7269 6c79 3a20 is temporarily: \n+00049560: 666f 7220 696e 7374 616e 6365 2c20 6966 for instance, if\n+00049570: 2074 6865 2072 6561 736f 6e0a 666f 7220 the reason.for \n+00049580: 7468 6520 6661 696c 7572 6520 6973 2074 the failure is t\n+00049590: 6861 7420 e280 9870 7265 6669 78e2 8099 hat ...prefix...\n+000495a0: 2069 7320 7772 6f6e 6720 2870 6572 6861 is wrong (perha\n+000495b0: 7073 2069 7420 7265 6665 7273 2074 6f20 ps it refers to \n+000495c0: 7468 650a 7772 6f6e 6720 6465 7669 6365 the.wrong device\n+000495d0: 2c20 6f72 2070 6572 6861 7073 2074 6865 , or perhaps the\n+000495e0: 2070 6174 6820 746f 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f path to .../boo\n+000495f0: 742f 6772 7562 e280 9920 7761 7320 6e6f t/grub... was no\n+00049600: 7420 636f 7272 6563 746c 7920 6d61 6465 t correctly made\n+00049610: 0a72 656c 6174 6976 6520 746f 2074 6865 .relative to the\n+00049620: 2064 6576 6963 6529 2c20 7468 656e 2079 device), then y\n+00049630: 6f75 2063 616e 2063 6f72 7265 6374 2074 ou can correct t\n+00049640: 6869 7320 616e 6420 656e 7465 7220 6e6f his and enter no\n+00049650: 726d 616c 206d 6f64 650a 6d61 6e75 616c rmal mode.manual\n+00049660: 6c79 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 496e 7370 ly:.. # Insp\n+00049670: 6563 7420 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 ect the current \n+00049680: 7072 6566 6978 2028 616e 6420 6f74 6865 prefix (and othe\n+00049690: 7220 7072 6573 6574 2076 6172 6961 626c r preset variabl\n+000496a0: 6573 293a 0a20 2020 2020 7365 740a 2020 es):. set. \n+000496b0: 2020 2023 2046 696e 6420 6f75 7420 7768 # Find out wh\n+000496c0: 6963 6820 6465 7669 6365 7320 6172 6520 ich devices are \n+000496d0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 653a 0a20 2020 2020 available:. \n+000496e0: 6c73 0a20 2020 2020 2320 5365 7420 746f ls. # Set to\n+000496f0: 2074 6865 2063 6f72 7265 6374 2076 616c the correct val\n+00049700: 7565 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6d69 6768 7420 ue, which might \n+00049710: 6265 2073 6f6d 6574 6869 6e67 206c 696b be something lik\n+00049720: 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 2020 2020 2073 6574 e this:. set\n+00049730: 2070 7265 6669 783d 2868 6430 2c31 292f prefix=(hd0,1)/\n+00049740: 6772 7562 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7420 726f grub. set ro\n+00049750: 6f74 3d28 6864 302c 3129 0a20 2020 2020 ot=(hd0,1). \n+00049760: 696e 736d 6f64 206e 6f72 6d61 6c0a 2020 insmod normal. \n+00049770: 2020 206e 6f72 6d61 6c0a 0a20 2020 486f normal.. Ho\n+00049780: 7765 7665 722c 2061 6e79 2070 726f 626c wever, any probl\n+00049790: 656d 2074 6861 7420 6c65 6176 6573 2079 em that leaves y\n+000497a0: 6f75 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7265 7363 7565 ou in the rescue\n+000497b0: 2073 6865 6c6c 2070 726f 6261 626c 790a shell probably.\n+000497c0: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 means that GRUB \n+000497d0: 7761 7320 6e6f 7420 636f 7272 6563 746c was not correctl\n+000497e0: 7920 696e 7374 616c 6c65 642e 2020 4974 y installed. It\n+000497f0: 206d 6179 2062 6520 6d6f 7265 2075 7365 may be more use\n+00049800: 6675 6c20 746f 0a74 7279 2074 6f20 7265 ful to.try to re\n+00049810: 696e 7374 616c 6c20 6974 2070 726f 7065 install it prope\n+00049820: 726c 7920 7573 696e 6720 e280 9867 7275 rly using ...gru\n+00049830: 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4445 5649 4345 b-install DEVICE\n+00049840: e280 9920 282a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e76 6f6b ... (*note Invok\n+00049850: 696e 670a 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing.grub-install\n+00049860: 3a3a 292e 2020 5768 656e 2064 6f69 6e67 ::). When doing\n+00049870: 2074 6869 732c 2074 6865 7265 2061 7265 this, there are\n+00049880: 2061 2066 6577 2074 6869 6e67 7320 746f a few things to\n+00049890: 2072 656d 656d 6265 723a 0a0a 2020 20e2 remember:.. .\n+000498a0: 80a2 2044 7269 7665 206f 7264 6572 696e .. Drive orderin\n+000498b0: 6720 696e 2079 6f75 7220 6f70 6572 6174 g in your operat\n+000498c0: 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 206d 6179 206e ing system may n\n+000498d0: 6f74 2062 6520 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 ot be the same a\n+000498e0: 7320 7468 650a 2020 2020 2062 6f6f 7420 s the. boot \n+000498f0: 6472 6976 6520 6f72 6465 7269 6e67 2075 drive ordering u\n+00049900: 7365 6420 6279 2079 6f75 7220 6669 726d sed by your firm\n+00049910: 7761 7265 2e20 2044 6f20 6e6f 7420 6173 ware. Do not as\n+00049920: 7375 6d65 2074 6861 7420 796f 7572 0a20 sume that your. \n+00049930: 2020 2020 6669 7273 7420 6861 7264 2064 first hard d\n+00049940: 7269 7665 2028 652e 672e 2020 e280 982f rive (e.g. .../\n+00049950: 6465 762f 7364 61e2 8099 2920 6973 2074 dev/sda...) is t\n+00049960: 6865 206f 6e65 2074 6861 7420 796f 7572 he one that your\n+00049970: 2066 6972 6d77 6172 650a 2020 2020 2077 firmware. w\n+00049980: 696c 6c20 626f 6f74 2066 726f 6d2e 2020 ill boot from. \n+00049990: e280 9864 6576 6963 652e 6d61 70e2 8099 ...device.map...\n+000499a0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4465 7669 6365 206d (*note Device m\n+000499b0: 6170 3a3a 2920 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 ap::) can be use\n+000499c0: 6420 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6f76 6572 7269 d to. overri\n+000499d0: 6465 2074 6869 732c 2062 7574 2069 7420 de this, but it \n+000499e0: 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2062 6574 7465 is usually bette\n+000499f0: 7220 746f 2075 7365 2055 5549 4473 206f r to use UUIDs o\n+00049a00: 7220 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 r file system. \n+00049a10: 2020 206c 6162 656c 7320 616e 6420 6176 labels and av\n+00049a20: 6f69 6420 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e oid depending on\n+00049a30: 2064 7269 7665 206f 7264 6572 696e 6720 drive ordering \n+00049a40: 656e 7469 7265 6c79 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 entirely... ..\n+00049a50: a220 4174 206c 6561 7374 206f 6e20 4249 . At least on BI\n+00049a60: 4f53 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 6966 2079 OS systems, if y\n+00049a70: 6f75 2074 656c 6c20 e280 9867 7275 622d ou tell ...grub-\n+00049a80: 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2074 6f20 696e install... to in\n+00049a90: 7374 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 2047 5255 4220 stall. GRUB \n+00049aa0: 746f 2061 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2062 to a partition b\n+00049ab0: 7574 2047 5255 4220 6861 7320 616c 7265 ut GRUB has alre\n+00049ac0: 6164 7920 6265 656e 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c ady been install\n+00049ad0: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 206d ed in the. m\n+00049ae0: 6173 7465 7220 626f 6f74 2072 6563 6f72 aster boot recor\n+00049af0: 642c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 4752 5542 d, then the GRUB\n+00049b00: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 696e installation in\n+00049b10: 2074 6865 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 the partition. \n+00049b20: 2020 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6967 6e6f will be igno\n+00049b30: 7265 642e 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2049 6620 red... ... If \n+00049b40: 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2c20 6974 2069 7320 possible, it is \n+00049b50: 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 6265 7374 2074 generally best t\n+00049b60: 6f20 6176 6f69 6420 696e 7374 616c 6c69 o avoid installi\n+00049b70: 6e67 2047 5255 4220 746f 2061 0a20 2020 ng GRUB to a. \n+00049b80: 2020 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 2875 6e6c partition (unl\n+00049b90: 6573 7320 6974 2069 7320 6120 7370 6563 ess it is a spec\n+00049ba0: 6961 6c20 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 666f ial partition fo\n+00049bb0: 7220 7468 6520 7573 6520 6f66 2047 5255 r the use of GRU\n+00049bc0: 420a 2020 2020 2061 6c6f 6e65 2c20 7375 B. alone, su\n+00049bd0: 6368 2061 7320 7468 6520 4249 4f53 2042 ch as the BIOS B\n+00049be0: 6f6f 7420 5061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7573 oot Partition us\n+00049bf0: 6564 206f 6e20 4750 5429 2e20 446f 696e ed on GPT). Doin\n+00049c00: 6720 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 616e g this. mean\n+00049c10: 7320 7468 6174 2047 5255 4220 6d61 7920 s that GRUB may \n+00049c20: 7374 6f70 2062 6569 6e67 2061 626c 6520 stop being able \n+00049c30: 746f 2072 6561 6420 6974 7320 636f 7265 to read its core\n+00049c40: 2069 6d61 6765 2064 7565 2074 6f20 610a image due to a.\n+00049c50: 2020 2020 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d file system\n+00049c60: 206d 6f76 696e 6720 626c 6f63 6b73 2061 moving blocks a\n+00049c70: 726f 756e 642c 2073 7563 6820 6173 2077 round, such as w\n+00049c80: 6869 6c65 2064 6566 7261 676d 656e 7469 hile defragmenti\n+00049c90: 6e67 2c0a 2020 2020 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 ng,. running\n+00049ca0: 2063 6865 636b 732c 206f 7220 6576 656e checks, or even\n+00049cb0: 2064 7572 696e 6720 6e6f 726d 616c 206f during normal o\n+00049cc0: 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 6e73 7461 peration. Insta\n+00049cd0: 6c6c 696e 6720 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 lling to the. \n+00049ce0: 2020 7768 6f6c 6520 6469 736b 2064 6576 whole disk dev\n+00049cf0: 6963 6520 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 ice is normally \n+00049d00: 6d6f 7265 2072 6f62 7573 742e 0a0a 2020 more robust... \n+00049d10: 20e2 80a2 2043 6865 636b 2074 6861 7420 ... Check that \n+00049d20: 4752 5542 2061 6374 7561 6c6c 7920 6b6e GRUB actually kn\n+00049d30: 6f77 7320 686f 7720 746f 2072 6561 6420 ows how to read \n+00049d40: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 6520 from the device \n+00049d50: 616e 6420 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 7379 and file. sy\n+00049d60: 7374 656d 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 stem containing \n+00049d70: e280 982f 626f 6f74 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 .../boot/grub...\n+00049d80: 2e20 2049 7420 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2062 . It will not b\n+00049d90: 6520 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 7265 6164 2066 e able to read f\n+00049da0: 726f 6d0a 2020 2020 2065 6e63 7279 7074 rom. encrypt\n+00049db0: 6564 2064 6576 6963 6573 2077 6974 6820 ed devices with \n+00049dc0: 756e 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 656e 6372 unsupported encr\n+00049dd0: 7970 7469 6f6e 2073 6368 656d 652c 206e yption scheme, n\n+00049de0: 6f72 2066 726f 6d20 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 or from file. \n+00049df0: 2020 7379 7374 656d 7320 666f 7220 7768 systems for wh\n+00049e00: 6963 6820 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6861 7320 ich support has \n+00049e10: 6e6f 7420 7965 7420 6265 656e 2061 6464 not yet been add\n+00049e20: 6564 2074 6f20 4752 5542 2e0a 0a ed to GRUB...\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/share/info/grub.info-2.gz", "source2": "./usr/share/info/grub.info-2.gz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "grub.info-2", "source2": "grub.info-2", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3175 +1,3175 @@\n 00000000: 5468 6973 2069 7320 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 This is grub.inf\n 00000010: 6f2c 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 6279 206d o, produced by m\n 00000020: 616b 6569 6e66 6f20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 akeinfo version \n 00000030: 372e 312e 3120 6672 6f6d 2067 7275 622e 7.1.1 from grub.\n 00000040: 7465 7869 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 texi...This manu\n 00000050: 616c 2069 7320 666f 7220 474e 5520 4752 al is for GNU GR\n 00000060: 5542 2028 7665 7273 696f 6e20 322e 3132 UB (version 2.12\n-00000070: 2c20 3236 204a 756c 7920 3230 3235 292e , 26 July 2025).\n-00000080: 0a0a 2020 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 20c2 .. Copyright .\n-00000090: a90a 3139 3939 2c32 3030 302c 3230 3031 ..1999,2000,2001\n-000000a0: 2c32 3030 322c 3230 3034 2c32 3030 362c ,2002,2004,2006,\n-000000b0: 3230 3038 2c32 3030 392c 3230 3130 2c32 2008,2009,2010,2\n-000000c0: 3031 312c 3230 3132 2c32 3031 3320 4672 011,2012,2013 Fr\n-000000d0: 6565 0a53 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e ee.Software Foun\n-000000e0: 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e 0a0a 2020 dation, Inc... \n-000000f0: 2020 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 6973 Permission is\n-00000100: 2067 7261 6e74 6564 2074 6f20 636f 7079 granted to copy\n-00000110: 2c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2061 6e64 , distribute and\n-00000120: 2f6f 7220 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 6869 730a /or modify this.\n-00000130: 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 756e document un\n-00000140: 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 der the terms of\n-00000150: 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 446f the GNU Free Do\n-00000160: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 cumentation Lice\n-00000170: 6e73 652c 0a20 2020 2020 5665 7273 696f nse,. Versio\n-00000180: 6e20 312e 3220 6f72 2061 6e79 206c 6174 n 1.2 or any lat\n-00000190: 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 7562 6c69 er version publi\n-000001a0: 7368 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4672 6565 shed by the Free\n-000001b0: 2053 6f66 7477 6172 650a 2020 2020 2046 Software. F\n-000001c0: 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e3b 2077 6974 6820 oundation; with \n-000001d0: 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 no Invariant Sec\n-000001e0: 7469 6f6e 732e 0a49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d tions..INFO-DIR-\n-000001f0: 5345 4354 494f 4e20 4b65 726e 656c 0a53 SECTION Kernel.S\n-00000200: 5441 5254 2d49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d 454e TART-INFO-DIR-EN\n-00000210: 5452 590a 2a20 4752 5542 3a20 2867 7275 TRY.* GRUB: (gru\n-00000220: 6229 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 b). \n-00000230: 2020 2020 5468 6520 4752 616e 6420 556e The GRand Un\n-00000240: 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 ified Bootloader\n-00000250: 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c3a .* grub-install:\n-00000260: 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (grub)Invoking \n-00000270: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2e20 2020 grub-install. \n-00000280: 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 6f6e Install GRUB on\n-00000290: 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a 2a20 6772 your drive.* gr\n-000002a0: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a 2028 6772 ub-mkconfig: (gr\n-000002b0: 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 ub)Invoking grub\n-000002c0: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 672e 2020 4765 6e65 -mkconfig. Gene\n-000002d0: 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 636f 6e66 6967 rate GRUB config\n-000002e0: 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d uration.* grub-m\n-000002f0: 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 3a20 kpasswd-pbkdf2: \n-00000300: 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 (grub)Invoking g\n-00000310: 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b rub-mkpasswd-pbk\n-00000320: 6466 322e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 df2..* grub-mkre\n-00000330: 6c70 6174 683a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 lpath: (grub)Inv\n-00000340: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c oking grub-mkrel\n-00000350: 7061 7468 2e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 path..* grub-mkr\n-00000360: 6573 6375 653a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 escue: (grub)Inv\n-00000370: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 oking grub-mkres\n-00000380: 6375 652e 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 5255 cue. Make a GRU\n-00000390: 4220 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 6765 0a2a B rescue image.*\n-000003a0: 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 743a 2028 6772 grub-mount: (gr\n-000003b0: 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 ub)Invoking grub\n-000003c0: 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 2020 204d -mount. M\n-000003d0: 6f75 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 ount a file syst\n-000003e0: 656d 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 420a 2a20 em using GRUB.* \n-000003f0: 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 3a20 2867 7275 grub-probe: (gru\n-00000400: 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d b)Invoking grub-\n-00000410: 7072 6f62 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 5072 probe. Pr\n-00000420: 6f62 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e66 6f72 obe device infor\n-00000430: 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 7363 mation.* grub-sc\n-00000440: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a20 2867 7275 ript-check: (gru\n-00000450: 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d b)Invoking grub-\n-00000460: 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 2e0a 454e script-check..EN\n-00000470: 442d 494e 464f 2d44 4952 2d45 4e54 5259 D-INFO-DIR-ENTRY\n-00000480: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n-00000490: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4669 726d nfo, Node: Firm\n-000004a0: 7761 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e 7374 ware stalls inst\n-000004b0: 6561 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2047 ead of booting G\n-000004c0: 5255 422c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4752 5542 RUB, Prev: GRUB\n-000004d0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6f66 6665 7273 2061 2072 only offers a r\n-000004e0: 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c 6c2c 2020 5570 escue shell, Up\n-000004f0: 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f 6f74 696e : Troubleshootin\n-00000500: 670a 0a32 332e 3220 4669 726d 7761 7265 g..23.2 Firmware\n-00000510: 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e 7374 6561 6420 stalls instead \n-00000520: 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2047 5255 420a of booting GRUB.\n-00000530: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00000070: 2c20 3238 2041 7567 7573 7420 3230 3236 , 28 August 2026\n+00000080: 292e 0a0a 2020 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 )... Copyright\n+00000090: 20c2 a90a 3139 3939 2c32 3030 302c 3230 ...1999,2000,20\n+000000a0: 3031 2c32 3030 322c 3230 3034 2c32 3030 01,2002,2004,200\n+000000b0: 362c 3230 3038 2c32 3030 392c 3230 3130 6,2008,2009,2010\n+000000c0: 2c32 3031 312c 3230 3132 2c32 3031 3320 ,2011,2012,2013 \n+000000d0: 4672 6565 0a53 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f Free.Software Fo\n+000000e0: 756e 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e 0a0a undation, Inc...\n+000000f0: 2020 2020 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 Permission \n+00000100: 6973 2067 7261 6e74 6564 2074 6f20 636f is granted to co\n+00000110: 7079 2c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2061 py, distribute a\n+00000120: 6e64 2f6f 7220 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 6869 nd/or modify thi\n+00000130: 730a 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 s. document \n+00000140: 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 under the terms \n+00000150: 6f66 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 of the GNU Free \n+00000160: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 Documentation Li\n+00000170: 6365 6e73 652c 0a20 2020 2020 5665 7273 cense,. Vers\n+00000180: 696f 6e20 312e 3220 6f72 2061 6e79 206c ion 1.2 or any l\n+00000190: 6174 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 7562 ater version pub\n+000001a0: 6c69 7368 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4672 lished by the Fr\n+000001b0: 6565 2053 6f66 7477 6172 650a 2020 2020 ee Software. \n+000001c0: 2046 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e3b 2077 6974 Foundation; wit\n+000001d0: 6820 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 h no Invariant S\n+000001e0: 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 0a49 4e46 4f2d 4449 ections..INFO-DI\n+000001f0: 522d 5345 4354 494f 4e20 4b65 726e 656c R-SECTION Kernel\n+00000200: 0a53 5441 5254 2d49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d .START-INFO-DIR-\n+00000210: 454e 5452 590a 2a20 4752 5542 3a20 2867 ENTRY.* GRUB: (g\n+00000220: 7275 6229 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rub). \n+00000230: 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 4752 616e 6420 The GRand \n+00000240: 556e 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 6c6f 6164 Unified Bootload\n+00000250: 6572 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c er.* grub-instal\n+00000260: 6c3a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e l: (grub)Invokin\n+00000270: 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2e20 g grub-install. \n+00000280: 2020 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 Install GRUB \n+00000290: 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a 2a20 on your drive.* \n+000002a0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a 2028 grub-mkconfig: (\n+000002b0: 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 grub)Invoking gr\n+000002c0: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 672e 2020 4765 ub-mkconfig. Ge\n+000002d0: 6e65 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 636f 6e66 nerate GRUB conf\n+000002e0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6772 7562 iguration.* grub\n+000002f0: 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 -mkpasswd-pbkdf2\n+00000300: 3a20 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 : (grub)Invoking\n+00000310: 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 grub-mkpasswd-p\n+00000320: 626b 6466 322e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6b bkdf2..* grub-mk\n+00000330: 7265 6c70 6174 683a 2028 6772 7562 2949 relpath: (grub)I\n+00000340: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n+00000350: 656c 7061 7468 2e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d elpath..* grub-m\n+00000360: 6b72 6573 6375 653a 2028 6772 7562 2949 krescue: (grub)I\n+00000370: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n+00000380: 6573 6375 652e 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 escue. Make a G\n+00000390: 5255 4220 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 6765 RUB rescue image\n+000003a0: 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 743a 2028 .* grub-mount: (\n+000003b0: 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 grub)Invoking gr\n+000003c0: 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 2020 ub-mount. \n+000003d0: 204d 6f75 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 7379 Mount a file sy\n+000003e0: 7374 656d 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 420a stem using GRUB.\n+000003f0: 2a20 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 3a20 2867 * grub-probe: (g\n+00000400: 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 rub)Invoking gru\n+00000410: 622d 7072 6f62 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 b-probe. \n+00000420: 5072 6f62 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e66 Probe device inf\n+00000430: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d ormation.* grub-\n+00000440: 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a20 2867 script-check: (g\n+00000450: 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 rub)Invoking gru\n+00000460: 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 2e0a b-script-check..\n+00000470: 454e 442d 494e 464f 2d44 4952 2d45 4e54 END-INFO-DIR-ENT\n+00000480: 5259 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 RY....File: grub\n+00000490: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4669 .info, Node: Fi\n+000004a0: 726d 7761 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e rmware stalls in\n+000004b0: 7374 6561 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 stead of booting\n+000004c0: 2047 5255 422c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4752 GRUB, Prev: GR\n+000004d0: 5542 206f 6e6c 7920 6f66 6665 7273 2061 UB only offers a\n+000004e0: 2072 6573 6375 6520 7368 656c 6c2c 2020 rescue shell, \n+000004f0: 5570 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f 6f74 Up: Troubleshoot\n+00000500: 696e 670a 0a32 332e 3220 4669 726d 7761 ing..23.2 Firmwa\n+00000510: 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e 7374 6561 re stalls instea\n+00000520: 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2047 5255 d of booting GRU\n+00000530: 420a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d B.==============\n 00000540: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00000550: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 ============..Th\n-00000560: 6520 4546 4920 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 e EFI implementa\n-00000570: 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 736f 6d65 206f 6c64 tion of some old\n-00000580: 6572 204d 6163 426f 6f6b 206c 6170 746f er MacBook lapto\n-00000590: 7073 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 7768 656e 2069 ps stalls when i\n-000005a0: 7420 6765 7473 0a70 7265 7365 6e74 6564 t gets.presented\n-000005b0: 2061 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 a grub-mkrescue\n-000005c0: 2049 534f 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 2078 ISO image for x\n-000005d0: 3836 5f36 342d 6566 6920 7461 7267 6574 86_64-efi target\n-000005e0: 206f 6e20 616e 2055 5342 0a73 7469 636b on an USB.stick\n-000005f0: 2e20 2041 6666 6563 7465 6420 6172 6520 . Affected are \n-00000600: 6d6f 6465 6c73 206f 6620 7965 6172 2032 models of year 2\n-00000610: 3031 3020 6f72 2065 6172 6c69 6572 2e20 010 or earlier. \n-00000620: 2057 6f72 6b61 726f 756e 6420 6973 2074 Workaround is t\n-00000630: 6f0a 7a65 726f 697a 6520 7468 6520 6279 o.zeroize the by\n-00000640: 7465 7320 3434 3620 746f 2034 3631 206f tes 446 to 461 o\n-00000650: 6620 7468 6520 4546 4920 7061 7274 6974 f the EFI partit\n-00000660: 696f 6e2c 2077 6865 7265 206d 666f 726d ion, where mform\n-00000670: 6174 2068 6173 2070 7574 0a61 2070 6172 at has put.a par\n-00000680: 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 2065 6e74 tition table ent\n-00000690: 7279 2077 6869 6368 2063 6c61 696d 7320 ry which claims \n-000006a0: 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7374 6172 7420 partition start \n-000006b0: 6174 2062 6c6f 636b 2030 2e20 2054 6869 at block 0. Thi\n-000006c0: 730a 6368 616e 6765 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f s.change will no\n-000006d0: 7420 6861 6d70 6572 2062 6f6f 7461 6269 t hamper bootabi\n-000006e0: 6c69 7479 206f 6e20 6f74 6865 7220 6d61 lity on other ma\n-000006f0: 6368 696e 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a chines.....File:\n-00000700: 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 grub.info, Nod\n-00000710: 653a 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 e: User-space ut\n-00000720: 696c 6974 6965 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 ilities, Next: \n-00000730: 4f62 7461 696e 696e 6720 616e 6420 4275 Obtaining and Bu\n-00000740: 696c 6469 6e67 2047 5255 422c 2020 5072 ilding GRUB, Pr\n-00000750: 6576 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f 6f74 ev: Troubleshoot\n-00000760: 696e 672c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a32 ing, Up: Top..2\n-00000770: 3420 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 4 User-space uti\n-00000780: 6c69 7469 6573 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a lities.*********\n-00000790: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n-000007a0: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2049 6e76 6f6b * Menu:..* Invok\n-000007b0: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ing grub-install\n-000007c0: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 :: How to \n-000007d0: 7573 6520 7468 6520 4752 5542 2069 6e73 use the GRUB ins\n-000007e0: 7461 6c6c 6572 0a2a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e taller.* Invokin\n-000007f0: 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a g grub-mkconfig:\n-00000800: 3a20 2020 2020 2047 656e 6572 6174 6520 : Generate \n-00000810: 6120 4752 5542 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 a GRUB configura\n-00000820: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 650a 2a20 496e 766f tion file.* Invo\n-00000830: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 king grub-mkpass\n-00000840: 7764 2d70 626b 6466 323a 3a0a 2020 2020 wd-pbkdf2::. \n+00000550: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n+00000560: 5468 6520 4546 4920 696d 706c 656d 656e The EFI implemen\n+00000570: 7461 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 736f 6d65 206f tation of some o\n+00000580: 6c64 6572 204d 6163 426f 6f6b 206c 6170 lder MacBook lap\n+00000590: 746f 7073 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 7768 656e tops stalls when\n+000005a0: 2069 7420 6765 7473 0a70 7265 7365 6e74 it gets.present\n+000005b0: 6564 2061 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 ed a grub-mkresc\n+000005c0: 7565 2049 534f 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 ue ISO image for\n+000005d0: 2078 3836 5f36 342d 6566 6920 7461 7267 x86_64-efi targ\n+000005e0: 6574 206f 6e20 616e 2055 5342 0a73 7469 et on an USB.sti\n+000005f0: 636b 2e20 2041 6666 6563 7465 6420 6172 ck. Affected ar\n+00000600: 6520 6d6f 6465 6c73 206f 6620 7965 6172 e models of year\n+00000610: 2032 3031 3020 6f72 2065 6172 6c69 6572 2010 or earlier\n+00000620: 2e20 2057 6f72 6b61 726f 756e 6420 6973 . Workaround is\n+00000630: 2074 6f0a 7a65 726f 697a 6520 7468 6520 to.zeroize the \n+00000640: 6279 7465 7320 3434 3620 746f 2034 3631 bytes 446 to 461\n+00000650: 206f 6620 7468 6520 4546 4920 7061 7274 of the EFI part\n+00000660: 6974 696f 6e2c 2077 6865 7265 206d 666f ition, where mfo\n+00000670: 726d 6174 2068 6173 2070 7574 0a61 2070 rmat has put.a p\n+00000680: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 2065 artition table e\n+00000690: 6e74 7279 2077 6869 6368 2063 6c61 696d ntry which claim\n+000006a0: 7320 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7374 6172 s partition star\n+000006b0: 7420 6174 2062 6c6f 636b 2030 2e20 2054 t at block 0. T\n+000006c0: 6869 730a 6368 616e 6765 2077 696c 6c20 his.change will \n+000006d0: 6e6f 7420 6861 6d70 6572 2062 6f6f 7461 not hamper boota\n+000006e0: 6269 6c69 7479 206f 6e20 6f74 6865 7220 bility on other \n+000006f0: 6d61 6368 696e 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c machines.....Fil\n+00000700: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n+00000710: 6f64 653a 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 ode: User-space \n+00000720: 7574 696c 6974 6965 732c 2020 4e65 7874 utilities, Next\n+00000730: 3a20 4f62 7461 696e 696e 6720 616e 6420 : Obtaining and \n+00000740: 4275 696c 6469 6e67 2047 5255 422c 2020 Building GRUB, \n+00000750: 5072 6576 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f Prev: Troublesho\n+00000760: 6f74 696e 672c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a oting, Up: Top.\n+00000770: 0a32 3420 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 .24 User-space u\n+00000780: 7469 6c69 7469 6573 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a tilities.*******\n+00000790: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+000007a0: 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2049 6e76 ..* Menu:..* Inv\n+000007b0: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 oking grub-insta\n+000007c0: 6c6c 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2048 6f77 2074 ll:: How t\n+000007d0: 6f20 7573 6520 7468 6520 4752 5542 2069 o use the GRUB i\n+000007e0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 0a2a 2049 6e76 6f6b nstaller.* Invok\n+000007f0: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 ing grub-mkconfi\n+00000800: 673a 3a20 2020 2020 2047 656e 6572 6174 g:: Generat\n+00000810: 6520 6120 4752 5542 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 e a GRUB configu\n+00000820: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 650a 2a20 496e ration file.* In\n+00000830: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 voking grub-mkpa\n+00000840: 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 323a 3a0a 2020 sswd-pbkdf2::. \n 00000850: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-00000860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4765 6e65 Gene\n-00000870: 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 7061 7373 776f rate GRUB passwo\n-00000880: 7264 2068 6173 6865 730a 2a20 496e 766f rd hashes.* Invo\n-00000890: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 6c70 king grub-mkrelp\n-000008a0: 6174 683a 3a20 2020 2020 4d61 6b65 2073 ath:: Make s\n-000008b0: 7973 7465 6d20 7061 7468 2072 656c 6174 ystem path relat\n-000008c0: 6976 6520 746f 2069 7473 2072 6f6f 740a ive to its root.\n-000008d0: 2a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d * Invoking grub-\n-000008e0: 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 mkrescue:: \n-000008f0: 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 5255 4220 7265 7363 Make a GRUB resc\n-00000900: 7565 2069 6d61 6765 0a2a 2049 6e76 6f6b ue image.* Invok\n-00000910: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 3a3a ing grub-mount::\n-00000920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 204d 6f75 6e74 2061 Mount a\n-00000930: 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2075 7369 file system usi\n-00000940: 6e67 2047 5255 420a 2a20 496e 766f 6b69 ng GRUB.* Invoki\n-00000950: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7072 6f62 653a 3a20 ng grub-probe:: \n-00000960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5072 6f62 6520 6465 Probe de\n-00000970: 7669 6365 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e vice information\n-00000980: 2066 6f72 2047 5255 420a 2a20 496e 766f for GRUB.* Invo\n-00000990: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7363 7269 7074 king grub-script\n-000009a0: 2d63 6865 636b 3a3a 2020 4368 6563 6b20 -check:: Check \n-000009b0: 4752 5542 2073 6372 6970 7420 6669 6c65 GRUB script file\n-000009c0: 2066 6f72 2073 796e 7461 7820 6572 726f for syntax erro\n-000009d0: 7273 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 rs....File: grub\n-000009e0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e .info, Node: In\n-000009f0: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 voking grub-inst\n-00000a00: 616c 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 766f all, Next: Invo\n-00000a10: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 king grub-mkconf\n-00000a20: 6967 2c20 2055 703a 2055 7365 722d 7370 ig, Up: User-sp\n-00000a30: 6163 6520 7574 696c 6974 6965 730a 0a32 ace utilities..2\n-00000a40: 342e 3120 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 4.1 Invoking gru\n-00000a50: 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d b-install.======\n+00000860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4765 Ge\n+00000870: 6e65 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 7061 7373 nerate GRUB pass\n+00000880: 776f 7264 2068 6173 6865 730a 2a20 496e word hashes.* In\n+00000890: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 voking grub-mkre\n+000008a0: 6c70 6174 683a 3a20 2020 2020 4d61 6b65 lpath:: Make\n+000008b0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7061 7468 2072 656c system path rel\n+000008c0: 6174 6976 6520 746f 2069 7473 2072 6f6f ative to its roo\n+000008d0: 740a 2a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 t.* Invoking gru\n+000008e0: 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 3a3a 2020 2020 b-mkrescue:: \n+000008f0: 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 5255 4220 7265 Make a GRUB re\n+00000900: 7363 7565 2069 6d61 6765 0a2a 2049 6e76 scue image.* Inv\n+00000910: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 oking grub-mount\n+00000920: 3a3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 204d 6f75 6e74 :: Mount\n+00000930: 2061 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2075 a file system u\n+00000940: 7369 6e67 2047 5255 420a 2a20 496e 766f sing GRUB.* Invo\n+00000950: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7072 6f62 653a king grub-probe:\n+00000960: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 5072 6f62 6520 : Probe \n+00000970: 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 device informati\n+00000980: 6f6e 2066 6f72 2047 5255 420a 2a20 496e on for GRUB.* In\n+00000990: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7363 7269 voking grub-scri\n+000009a0: 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a3a 2020 4368 6563 pt-check:: Chec\n+000009b0: 6b20 4752 5542 2073 6372 6970 7420 6669 k GRUB script fi\n+000009c0: 6c65 2066 6f72 2073 796e 7461 7820 6572 le for syntax er\n+000009d0: 726f 7273 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 rors....File: gr\n+000009e0: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+000009f0: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 696e Invoking grub-in\n+00000a00: 7374 616c 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e stall, Next: In\n+00000a10: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 636f voking grub-mkco\n+00000a20: 6e66 6967 2c20 2055 703a 2055 7365 722d nfig, Up: User-\n+00000a30: 7370 6163 6520 7574 696c 6974 6965 730a space utilities.\n+00000a40: 0a32 342e 3120 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 .24.1 Invoking g\n+00000a50: 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c0a 3d3d 3d3d rub-install.====\n 00000a60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00000a70: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7072 6f67 7261 ====..The progra\n-00000a80: 6d20 e280 9867 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c m ...grub-instal\n-00000a90: 6ce2 8099 2067 656e 6572 6174 6573 2061 l... generates a\n-00000aa0: 2047 5255 4220 636f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 GRUB core image\n-00000ab0: 2075 7369 6e67 0ae2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d using....grub-m\n-00000ac0: 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 9920 616e 6420 696e kimage... and in\n-00000ad0: 7374 616c 6c73 2069 7420 6f6e 2079 6f75 stalls it on you\n-00000ae0: 7220 7379 7374 656d 2e20 2059 6f75 206d r system. You m\n-00000af0: 7573 7420 7370 6563 6966 7920 7468 650a ust specify the.\n-00000b00: 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 6f6e 2077 device name on w\n-00000b10: 6869 6368 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 746f hich you want to\n-00000b20: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 422c 206c install GRUB, l\n-00000b30: 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 ike this:.. \n-00000b40: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2049 4e53 grub-install INS\n-00000b50: 5441 4c4c 5f44 4556 4943 450a 0a20 2020 TALL_DEVICE.. \n-00000b60: 5468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 The device name \n-00000b70: 494e 5354 414c 4c5f 4445 5649 4345 2069 INSTALL_DEVICE i\n-00000b80: 7320 616e 204f 5320 6465 7669 6365 206e s an OS device n\n-00000b90: 616d 6520 6f72 2061 2047 5255 4220 6465 ame or a GRUB de\n-00000ba0: 7669 6365 0a6e 616d 652e 0a0a 2020 20e2 vice.name... .\n-00000bb0: 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 ..grub-install..\n-00000bc0: 9920 6163 6365 7074 7320 7468 6520 666f . accepts the fo\n-00000bd0: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f70 7469 6f6e 733a llowing options:\n-00000be0: 0a0a e280 982d 2d68 656c 70e2 8099 0a20 .....--help.... \n-00000bf0: 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 6120 7375 6d6d Print a summ\n-00000c00: 6172 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 ary of the comma\n-00000c10: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 nd-line options \n-00000c20: 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d and exit......--\n-00000c30: 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 version.... \n-00000c40: 5072 696e 7420 7468 6520 7665 7273 696f Print the versio\n-00000c50: 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 4752 5542 n number of GRUB\n-00000c60: 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d and exit......-\n-00000c70: 2d62 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d -boot-directory=\n-00000c80: 4449 52e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 496e 7374 DIR.... Inst\n-00000c90: 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2069 6d61 6765 7320 all GRUB images \n-00000ca0: 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 under the direct\n-00000cb0: 6f72 7920 e280 9844 4952 2f67 7275 622f ory ...DIR/grub/\n-00000cc0: e280 9920 5468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 ... This option \n-00000cd0: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7573 6566 756c 2077 is. useful w\n-00000ce0: 6865 6e20 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 hen you want to \n-00000cf0: 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2069 6e74 install GRUB int\n-00000d00: 6f20 6120 7365 7061 7261 7465 2070 6172 o a separate par\n-00000d10: 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 610a 2020 2020 tition or a. \n-00000d20: 2072 656d 6f76 6162 6c65 2064 6973 6b2e removable disk.\n-00000d30: 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e If this option\n-00000d40: 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7370 6563 6966 6965 is not specifie\n-00000d50: 6420 7468 656e 2069 7420 6465 6661 756c d then it defaul\n-00000d60: 7473 0a20 2020 2020 746f 20e2 8098 2f62 ts. to .../b\n-00000d70: 6f6f 74e2 8099 2c20 736f 0a0a 2020 2020 oot..., so.. \n-00000d80: 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 grub-insta\n-00000d90: 6c6c 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a 0a20 2020 ll /dev/sda.. \n-00000da0: 2020 6973 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e 7420 is equivalent \n-00000db0: 746f 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 to.. gr\n-00000dc0: 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202d 2d62 6f6f ub-install --boo\n-00000dd0: 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f62 6f6f t-directory=/boo\n-00000de0: 742f 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a 0a20 2020 t/ /dev/sda.. \n-00000df0: 2020 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e 2065 7861 Here is an exa\n-00000e00: 6d70 6c65 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 796f mple in which yo\n-00000e10: 7520 6861 7665 2061 2073 6570 6172 6174 u have a separat\n-00000e20: 6520 e280 9c62 6f6f 74e2 809d 2070 6172 e ...boot... par\n-00000e30: 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 7768 6963 tition. whic\n-00000e40: 6820 6973 206d 6f75 6e74 6564 206f 6e20 h is mounted on \n-00000e50: e280 982f 6d6e 742f 626f 6f74 e280 993a .../mnt/boot...:\n-00000e60: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 .. grub\n-00000e70: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202d 2d62 6f6f 742d -install --boot-\n-00000e80: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 2f62 directory=/mnt/b\n-00000e90: 6f6f 7420 2f64 6576 2f73 6462 0a0a e280 oot /dev/sdb....\n-00000ea0: 982d 2d72 6563 6865 636b e280 990a 2020 .--recheck.... \n-00000eb0: 2020 2052 6563 6865 636b 2074 6865 2064 Recheck the d\n-00000ec0: 6576 6963 6520 6d61 702c 2065 7665 6e20 evice map, even \n-00000ed0: 6966 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 if .../boot/grub\n-00000ee0: 2f64 6576 6963 652e 6d61 70e2 8099 2061 /device.map... a\n-00000ef0: 6c72 6561 6479 0a20 2020 2020 6578 6973 lready. exis\n-00000f00: 7473 2e20 2059 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 ts. You should \n-00000f10: 7573 6520 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f 6e20 use this option \n-00000f20: 7768 656e 6576 6572 2079 6f75 2061 6464 whenever you add\n-00000f30: 2f72 656d 6f76 6520 6120 6469 736b 0a20 /remove a disk. \n-00000f40: 2020 2020 696e 746f 2f66 726f 6d20 796f into/from yo\n-00000f50: 7572 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 722e 0a0a e280 ur computer.....\n-00000f60: 982d 2d6e 6f2d 7273 2d63 6f64 6573 e280 .--no-rs-codes..\n-00000f70: 990a 2020 2020 2042 7920 6465 6661 756c .. By defaul\n-00000f80: 7420 6f6e 2078 3836 2042 494f 5320 7379 t on x86 BIOS sy\n-00000f90: 7374 656d 732c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 stems, ...grub-i\n-00000fa0: 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2075 nstall... will u\n-00000fb0: 7365 2073 6f6d 6520 6578 7472 610a 2020 se some extra. \n-00000fc0: 2020 2073 7061 6365 2069 6e20 7468 6520 space in the \n-00000fd0: 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2065 6d62 6564 bootloader embed\n-00000fe0: 6469 6e67 2061 7265 6120 666f 7220 5265 ding area for Re\n-00000ff0: 6564 2d53 6f6c 6f6d 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 ed-Solomon. \n-00001000: 6572 726f 722d 636f 7272 6563 7469 6e67 error-correcting\n-00001010: 2063 6f64 6573 2e20 2054 6869 7320 656e codes. This en\n-00001020: 6162 6c65 7320 4752 5542 2074 6f20 7374 ables GRUB to st\n-00001030: 696c 6c20 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 7375 ill boot. su\n-00001040: 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2069 6620 736f ccessfully if so\n-00001050: 6d65 2062 6c6f 636b 7320 6172 6520 636f me blocks are co\n-00001060: 7272 7570 7465 642e 2020 5468 6520 6578 rrupted. The ex\n-00001070: 6163 7420 616d 6f75 6e74 206f 660a 2020 act amount of. \n-00001080: 2020 2070 726f 7465 6374 696f 6e20 6f66 protection of\n-00001090: 6665 7265 6420 6973 2064 6570 656e 6465 fered is depende\n-000010a0: 6e74 206f 6e20 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 nt on available \n-000010b0: 7370 6163 6520 696e 2074 6865 2065 6d62 space in the emb\n-000010c0: 6564 6469 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6561 edding. area\n-000010d0: 2e20 2052 2073 6563 746f 7273 206f 6620 . R sectors of \n-000010e0: 7265 6475 6e64 616e 6379 2063 616e 2074 redundancy can t\n-000010f0: 6f6c 6572 6174 6520 7570 2074 6f20 522f olerate up to R/\n-00001100: 3220 636f 7272 7570 7465 640a 2020 2020 2 corrupted. \n-00001110: 2073 6563 746f 7273 2e20 2054 6869 7320 sectors. This \n-00001120: 7265 6475 6e64 616e 6379 206d 6179 2062 redundancy may b\n-00001130: 6520 6375 6d62 6572 736f 6d65 2069 6620 e cumbersome if \n-00001140: 6174 7465 6d70 7469 6e67 2074 6f0a 2020 attempting to. \n-00001150: 2020 2063 7279 7074 6f67 7261 7068 6963 cryptographic\n-00001160: 616c 6c79 2076 616c 6964 6174 6520 7468 ally validate th\n-00001170: 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 7468 e contents of th\n-00001180: 6520 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2065 6d62 e bootloader emb\n-00001190: 6564 6469 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6561 edding. area\n-000011a0: 2c20 6f72 2069 6e20 6d6f 7265 206d 6f64 , or in more mod\n-000011b0: 6572 6e20 7379 7374 656d 7320 7769 7468 ern systems with\n-000011c0: 2047 5054 2d73 7479 6c65 2070 6172 7469 GPT-style parti\n-000011d0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 730a 2020 2020 tion tables. \n-000011e0: 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4249 4f53 2069 6e73 (*note BIOS ins\n-000011f0: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2077 6865 tallation::) whe\n-00001200: 7265 2047 5255 4220 646f 6573 206e 6f74 re GRUB does not\n-00001210: 2072 6573 6964 6520 696e 2061 6e79 0a20 reside in any. \n-00001220: 2020 2020 756e 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e65 unpartitione\n-00001230: 6420 7370 6163 6520 6f75 7473 6964 6520 d space outside \n-00001240: 6f66 2074 6865 204d 4252 2e20 4469 7361 of the MBR. Disa\n-00001250: 626c 6520 7468 6520 5265 6564 2d53 6f6c ble the Reed-Sol\n-00001260: 6f6d 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6465 7320 omon. codes \n-00001270: 7769 7468 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e with this option\n-00001280: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e .....File: grub.\n-00001290: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 info, Node: Inv\n-000012a0: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e oking grub-mkcon\n-000012b0: 6669 672c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 766f fig, Next: Invo\n-000012c0: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 king grub-mkpass\n-000012d0: 7764 2d70 626b 6466 322c 2020 5072 6576 wd-pbkdf2, Prev\n-000012e0: 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d : Invoking grub-\n-000012f0: 696e 7374 616c 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 5573 install, Up: Us\n-00001300: 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 er-space utiliti\n-00001310: 6573 0a0a 3234 2e32 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e es..24.2 Invokin\n-00001320: 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 670a g grub-mkconfig.\n-00001330: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00001340: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 ===========..The\n-00001350: 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 program ...grub\n-00001360: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2067 656e -mkconfig... gen\n-00001370: 6572 6174 6573 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 erates a configu\n-00001380: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 666f 7220 ration file for \n-00001390: 4752 5542 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 6d70 GRUB.(*note Simp\n-000013a0: 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e le configuration\n-000013b0: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d ::)... grub-\n-000013c0: 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 202d 6f20 2f62 6f6f mkconfig -o /boo\n-000013d0: 742f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 622e 6366 670a t/grub/grub.cfg.\n-000013e0: 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 636f . ...grub-mkco\n-000013f0: 6e66 6967 e280 9920 6163 6365 7074 7320 nfig... accepts \n-00001400: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f70 the following op\n-00001410: 7469 6f6e 733a 0a0a e280 982d 2d68 656c tions:.....--hel\n-00001420: 70e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 p.... Print \n-00001430: 6120 7375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2074 6865 a summary of the\n-00001440: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 6f70 command-line op\n-00001450: 7469 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a tions and exit..\n-00001460: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 ....--version...\n-00001470: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 7468 6520 . Print the \n-00001480: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f version number o\n-00001490: 6620 4752 5542 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e f GRUB and exit.\n-000014a0: 0a0a e280 982d 6f20 4649 4c45 e280 990a .....-o FILE....\n-000014b0: e280 982d 2d6f 7574 7075 743d 4649 4c45 ...--output=FILE\n-000014c0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2053 656e 6420 7468 .... Send th\n-000014d0: 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 636f 6e66 e generated conf\n-000014e0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2074 iguration file t\n-000014f0: 6f20 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 6865 2064 6566 o FILE. The def\n-00001500: 6175 6c74 2069 7320 746f 0a20 2020 2020 ault is to. \n-00001510: 7365 6e64 2069 7420 746f 2073 7461 6e64 send it to stand\n-00001520: 6172 6420 6f75 7470 7574 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 ard output.....F\n-00001530: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00001540: 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 Node: Invoking \n-00001550: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 grub-mkpasswd-pb\n-00001560: 6b64 6632 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 6e76 kdf2, Next: Inv\n-00001570: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c oking grub-mkrel\n-00001580: 7061 7468 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 6e76 path, Prev: Inv\n-00001590: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e oking grub-mkcon\n-000015a0: 6669 672c 2020 5570 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 fig, Up: User-s\n-000015b0: 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 0a0a pace utilities..\n-000015c0: 3234 2e33 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 24.3 Invoking gr\n-000015d0: 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 ub-mkpasswd-pbkd\n-000015e0: 6632 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d f2.=============\n+00000a70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7072 6f67 ======..The prog\n+00000a80: 7261 6d20 e280 9867 7275 622d 696e 7374 ram ...grub-inst\n+00000a90: 616c 6ce2 8099 2067 656e 6572 6174 6573 all... generates\n+00000aa0: 2061 2047 5255 4220 636f 7265 2069 6d61 a GRUB core ima\n+00000ab0: 6765 2075 7369 6e67 0ae2 8098 6772 7562 ge using....grub\n+00000ac0: 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 9920 616e 6420 -mkimage... and \n+00000ad0: 696e 7374 616c 6c73 2069 7420 6f6e 2079 installs it on y\n+00000ae0: 6f75 7220 7379 7374 656d 2e20 2059 6f75 our system. You\n+00000af0: 206d 7573 7420 7370 6563 6966 7920 7468 must specify th\n+00000b00: 650a 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 6f6e e.device name on\n+00000b10: 2077 6869 6368 2079 6f75 2077 616e 7420 which you want \n+00000b20: 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 422c to install GRUB,\n+00000b30: 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 like this:.. \n+00000b40: 2020 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2049 grub-install I\n+00000b50: 4e53 5441 4c4c 5f44 4556 4943 450a 0a20 NSTALL_DEVICE.. \n+00000b60: 2020 5468 6520 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d The device nam\n+00000b70: 6520 494e 5354 414c 4c5f 4445 5649 4345 e INSTALL_DEVICE\n+00000b80: 2069 7320 616e 204f 5320 6465 7669 6365 is an OS device\n+00000b90: 206e 616d 6520 6f72 2061 2047 5255 4220 name or a GRUB \n+00000ba0: 6465 7669 6365 0a6e 616d 652e 0a0a 2020 device.name... \n+00000bb0: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ...grub-install\n+00000bc0: e280 9920 6163 6365 7074 7320 7468 6520 ... accepts the \n+00000bd0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f70 7469 6f6e following option\n+00000be0: 733a 0a0a e280 982d 2d68 656c 70e2 8099 s:.....--help...\n+00000bf0: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 6120 7375 . Print a su\n+00000c00: 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d mmary of the com\n+00000c10: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e mand-line option\n+00000c20: 7320 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 s and exit......\n+00000c30: 2d2d 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 0a20 2020 --version.... \n+00000c40: 2020 5072 696e 7420 7468 6520 7665 7273 Print the vers\n+00000c50: 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 4752 ion number of GR\n+00000c60: 5542 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 UB and exit.....\n+00000c70: 982d 2d62 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 .--boot-director\n+00000c80: 793d 4449 52e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 496e y=DIR.... In\n+00000c90: 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2069 6d61 6765 stall GRUB image\n+00000ca0: 7320 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 6469 7265 s under the dire\n+00000cb0: 6374 6f72 7920 e280 9844 4952 2f67 7275 ctory ...DIR/gru\n+00000cc0: 622f e280 9920 5468 6973 206f 7074 696f b/... This optio\n+00000cd0: 6e20 6973 0a20 2020 2020 7573 6566 756c n is. useful\n+00000ce0: 2077 6865 6e20 796f 7520 7761 6e74 2074 when you want t\n+00000cf0: 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2069 o install GRUB i\n+00000d00: 6e74 6f20 6120 7365 7061 7261 7465 2070 nto a separate p\n+00000d10: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 610a 2020 artition or a. \n+00000d20: 2020 2072 656d 6f76 6162 6c65 2064 6973 removable dis\n+00000d30: 6b2e 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 k. If this opti\n+00000d40: 6f6e 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7370 6563 6966 on is not specif\n+00000d50: 6965 6420 7468 656e 2069 7420 6465 6661 ied then it defa\n+00000d60: 756c 7473 0a20 2020 2020 746f 20e2 8098 ults. to ...\n+00000d70: 2f62 6f6f 74e2 8099 2c20 736f 0a0a 2020 /boot..., so.. \n+00000d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 grub-ins\n+00000d90: 7461 6c6c 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a 0a20 tall /dev/sda.. \n+00000da0: 2020 2020 6973 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e is equivalen\n+00000db0: 7420 746f 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t to.. \n+00000dc0: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202d 2d62 grub-install --b\n+00000dd0: 6f6f 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f62 oot-directory=/b\n+00000de0: 6f6f 742f 202f 6465 762f 7364 610a 0a20 oot/ /dev/sda.. \n+00000df0: 2020 2020 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e 2065 Here is an e\n+00000e00: 7861 6d70 6c65 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 xample in which \n+00000e10: 796f 7520 6861 7665 2061 2073 6570 6172 you have a separ\n+00000e20: 6174 6520 e280 9c62 6f6f 74e2 809d 2070 ate ...boot... p\n+00000e30: 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 7768 artition. wh\n+00000e40: 6963 6820 6973 206d 6f75 6e74 6564 206f ich is mounted o\n+00000e50: 6e20 e280 982f 6d6e 742f 626f 6f74 e280 n .../mnt/boot..\n+00000e60: 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6772 .:.. gr\n+00000e70: 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 202d 2d62 6f6f ub-install --boo\n+00000e80: 742d 6469 7265 6374 6f72 793d 2f6d 6e74 t-directory=/mnt\n+00000e90: 2f62 6f6f 7420 2f64 6576 2f73 6462 0a0a /boot /dev/sdb..\n+00000ea0: e280 982d 2d72 6563 6865 636b e280 990a ...--recheck....\n+00000eb0: 2020 2020 2052 6563 6865 636b 2074 6865 Recheck the\n+00000ec0: 2064 6576 6963 6520 6d61 702c 2065 7665 device map, eve\n+00000ed0: 6e20 6966 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 n if .../boot/gr\n+00000ee0: 7562 2f64 6576 6963 652e 6d61 70e2 8099 ub/device.map...\n+00000ef0: 2061 6c72 6561 6479 0a20 2020 2020 6578 already. ex\n+00000f00: 6973 7473 2e20 2059 6f75 2073 686f 756c ists. You shoul\n+00000f10: 6420 7573 6520 7468 6973 206f 7074 696f d use this optio\n+00000f20: 6e20 7768 656e 6576 6572 2079 6f75 2061 n whenever you a\n+00000f30: 6464 2f72 656d 6f76 6520 6120 6469 736b dd/remove a disk\n+00000f40: 0a20 2020 2020 696e 746f 2f66 726f 6d20 . into/from \n+00000f50: 796f 7572 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 722e 0a0a your computer...\n+00000f60: e280 982d 2d6e 6f2d 7273 2d63 6f64 6573 ...--no-rs-codes\n+00000f70: e280 990a 2020 2020 2042 7920 6465 6661 .... By defa\n+00000f80: 756c 7420 6f6e 2078 3836 2042 494f 5320 ult on x86 BIOS \n+00000f90: 7379 7374 656d 732c 20e2 8098 6772 7562 systems, ...grub\n+00000fa0: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9920 7769 6c6c -install... will\n+00000fb0: 2075 7365 2073 6f6d 6520 6578 7472 610a use some extra.\n+00000fc0: 2020 2020 2073 7061 6365 2069 6e20 7468 space in th\n+00000fd0: 6520 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2065 6d62 e bootloader emb\n+00000fe0: 6564 6469 6e67 2061 7265 6120 666f 7220 edding area for \n+00000ff0: 5265 6564 2d53 6f6c 6f6d 6f6e 0a20 2020 Reed-Solomon. \n+00001000: 2020 6572 726f 722d 636f 7272 6563 7469 error-correcti\n+00001010: 6e67 2063 6f64 6573 2e20 2054 6869 7320 ng codes. This \n+00001020: 656e 6162 6c65 7320 4752 5542 2074 6f20 enables GRUB to \n+00001030: 7374 696c 6c20 626f 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 still boot. \n+00001040: 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c 6c79 2069 6620 successfully if \n+00001050: 736f 6d65 2062 6c6f 636b 7320 6172 6520 some blocks are \n+00001060: 636f 7272 7570 7465 642e 2020 5468 6520 corrupted. The \n+00001070: 6578 6163 7420 616d 6f75 6e74 206f 660a exact amount of.\n+00001080: 2020 2020 2070 726f 7465 6374 696f 6e20 protection \n+00001090: 6f66 6665 7265 6420 6973 2064 6570 656e offered is depen\n+000010a0: 6465 6e74 206f 6e20 6176 6169 6c61 626c dent on availabl\n+000010b0: 6520 7370 6163 6520 696e 2074 6865 2065 e space in the e\n+000010c0: 6d62 6564 6469 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6172 mbedding. ar\n+000010d0: 6561 2e20 2052 2073 6563 746f 7273 206f ea. R sectors o\n+000010e0: 6620 7265 6475 6e64 616e 6379 2063 616e f redundancy can\n+000010f0: 2074 6f6c 6572 6174 6520 7570 2074 6f20 tolerate up to \n+00001100: 522f 3220 636f 7272 7570 7465 640a 2020 R/2 corrupted. \n+00001110: 2020 2073 6563 746f 7273 2e20 2054 6869 sectors. Thi\n+00001120: 7320 7265 6475 6e64 616e 6379 206d 6179 s redundancy may\n+00001130: 2062 6520 6375 6d62 6572 736f 6d65 2069 be cumbersome i\n+00001140: 6620 6174 7465 6d70 7469 6e67 2074 6f0a f attempting to.\n+00001150: 2020 2020 2063 7279 7074 6f67 7261 7068 cryptograph\n+00001160: 6963 616c 6c79 2076 616c 6964 6174 6520 ically validate \n+00001170: 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 the contents of \n+00001180: 7468 6520 626f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 2065 the bootloader e\n+00001190: 6d62 6564 6469 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6172 mbedding. ar\n+000011a0: 6561 2c20 6f72 2069 6e20 6d6f 7265 206d ea, or in more m\n+000011b0: 6f64 6572 6e20 7379 7374 656d 7320 7769 odern systems wi\n+000011c0: 7468 2047 5054 2d73 7479 6c65 2070 6172 th GPT-style par\n+000011d0: 7469 7469 6f6e 2074 6162 6c65 730a 2020 tition tables. \n+000011e0: 2020 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 4249 4f53 2069 (*note BIOS i\n+000011f0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e3a 3a29 2077 nstallation::) w\n+00001200: 6865 7265 2047 5255 4220 646f 6573 206e here GRUB does n\n+00001210: 6f74 2072 6573 6964 6520 696e 2061 6e79 ot reside in any\n+00001220: 0a20 2020 2020 756e 7061 7274 6974 696f . unpartitio\n+00001230: 6e65 6420 7370 6163 6520 6f75 7473 6964 ned space outsid\n+00001240: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 204d 4252 2e20 4469 e of the MBR. Di\n+00001250: 7361 626c 6520 7468 6520 5265 6564 2d53 sable the Reed-S\n+00001260: 6f6c 6f6d 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6465 olomon. code\n+00001270: 7320 7769 7468 2074 6869 7320 6f70 7469 s with this opti\n+00001280: 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 on.....File: gru\n+00001290: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 b.info, Node: I\n+000012a0: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 nvoking grub-mkc\n+000012b0: 6f6e 6669 672c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e onfig, Next: In\n+000012c0: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 voking grub-mkpa\n+000012d0: 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 322c 2020 5072 sswd-pbkdf2, Pr\n+000012e0: 6576 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 ev: Invoking gru\n+000012f0: 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 b-install, Up: \n+00001300: 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 User-space utili\n+00001310: 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e32 2049 6e76 6f6b ties..24.2 Invok\n+00001320: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 ing grub-mkconfi\n+00001330: 670a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d g.==============\n+00001340: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 =============..T\n+00001350: 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 he program ...gr\n+00001360: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2067 ub-mkconfig... g\n+00001370: 656e 6572 6174 6573 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 enerates a confi\n+00001380: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 666f guration file fo\n+00001390: 7220 4752 5542 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 5369 r GRUB.(*note Si\n+000013a0: 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 mple configurati\n+000013b0: 6f6e 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 on::)... gru\n+000013c0: 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 202d 6f20 2f62 b-mkconfig -o /b\n+000013d0: 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 622e 6366 oot/grub/grub.cf\n+000013e0: 670a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b g.. ...grub-mk\n+000013f0: 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 6163 6365 7074 config... accept\n+00001400: 7320 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 s the following \n+00001410: 6f70 7469 6f6e 733a 0a0a e280 982d 2d68 options:.....--h\n+00001420: 656c 70e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e elp.... Prin\n+00001430: 7420 6120 7375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2074 t a summary of t\n+00001440: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 he command-line \n+00001450: 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 6578 6974 options and exit\n+00001460: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 ......--version.\n+00001470: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 7468 ... Print th\n+00001480: 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 e version number\n+00001490: 206f 6620 4752 5542 2061 6e64 2065 7869 of GRUB and exi\n+000014a0: 742e 0a0a e280 982d 6f20 4649 4c45 e280 t......-o FILE..\n+000014b0: 990a e280 982d 2d6f 7574 7075 743d 4649 .....--output=FI\n+000014c0: 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2053 656e 6420 LE.... Send \n+000014d0: 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 636f the generated co\n+000014e0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n+000014f0: 2074 6f20 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 6865 2064 to FILE. The d\n+00001500: 6566 6175 6c74 2069 7320 746f 0a20 2020 efault is to. \n+00001510: 2020 7365 6e64 2069 7420 746f 2073 7461 send it to sta\n+00001520: 6e64 6172 6420 6f75 7470 7574 2e0a 0a1f ndard output....\n+00001530: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00001540: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e , Node: Invokin\n+00001550: 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d g grub-mkpasswd-\n+00001560: 7062 6b64 6632 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 pbkdf2, Next: I\n+00001570: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n+00001580: 656c 7061 7468 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 elpath, Prev: I\n+00001590: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 nvoking grub-mkc\n+000015a0: 6f6e 6669 672c 2020 5570 3a20 5573 6572 onfig, Up: User\n+000015b0: 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 -space utilities\n+000015c0: 0a0a 3234 2e33 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 ..24.3 Invoking \n+000015d0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 grub-mkpasswd-pb\n+000015e0: 6b64 6632 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d kdf2.===========\n 000015f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00001600: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 =====..The progr\n-00001610: 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 6173 am ...grub-mkpas\n-00001620: 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 e280 9920 6765 swd-pbkdf2... ge\n-00001630: 6e65 7261 7465 7320 7061 7373 776f 7264 nerates password\n-00001640: 2068 6173 6865 7320 666f 7220 4752 5542 hashes for GRUB\n-00001650: 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 7269 7479 .(*note Security\n-00001660: 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d ::)... grub-\n-00001670: 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 320a mkpasswd-pbkdf2.\n-00001680: 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 . ...grub-mkpa\n-00001690: 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 32e2 8099 2061 sswd-pbkdf2... a\n-000016a0: 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f ccepts the follo\n-000016b0: 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 wing options:...\n-000016c0: 8098 2d63 204e 554d 4245 52e2 8099 0ae2 ..-c NUMBER.....\n-000016d0: 8098 2d2d 6974 6572 6174 696f 6e2d 636f ..--iteration-co\n-000016e0: 756e 743d 4e55 4d42 4552 e280 990a 2020 unt=NUMBER.... \n-000016f0: 2020 204e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2069 7465 Number of ite\n-00001700: 7261 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2075 rations of the u\n-00001710: 6e64 6572 6c79 696e 6720 7073 6575 646f nderlying pseudo\n-00001720: 2d72 616e 646f 6d20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e -random function\n-00001730: 2e0a 2020 2020 2044 6566 6175 6c74 7320 .. Defaults \n-00001740: 746f 2031 3030 3030 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d6c to 10000......-l\n-00001750: 204e 554d 4245 52e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d NUMBER.......--\n-00001760: 6275 666c 656e 3d4e 554d 4245 52e2 8099 buflen=NUMBER...\n-00001770: 0a20 2020 2020 4c65 6e67 7468 206f 6620 . Length of \n-00001780: 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 6861 the generated ha\n-00001790: 7368 2e20 2044 6566 6175 6c74 7320 746f sh. Defaults to\n-000017a0: 2036 342e 0a0a e280 982d 7320 4e55 4d42 64......-s NUMB\n-000017b0: 4552 e280 990a e280 982d 2d73 616c 743d ER.......--salt=\n-000017c0: 4e55 4d42 4552 e280 990a 2020 2020 204c NUMBER.... L\n-000017d0: 656e 6774 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2073 616c ength of the sal\n-000017e0: 742e 2020 4465 6661 756c 7473 2074 6f20 t. Defaults to \n-000017f0: 3634 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 64.....File: gru\n-00001800: 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 b.info, Node: I\n-00001810: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n-00001820: 656c 7061 7468 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 elpath, Next: I\n-00001830: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n-00001840: 6573 6375 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 496e escue, Prev: In\n-00001850: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 voking grub-mkpa\n-00001860: 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 322c 2020 5570 sswd-pbkdf2, Up\n-00001870: 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 : User-space uti\n-00001880: 6c69 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e34 2049 6e76 lities..24.4 Inv\n-00001890: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c oking grub-mkrel\n-000018a0: 7061 7468 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d path.===========\n+00001600: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f =======..The pro\n+00001610: 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b70 gram ...grub-mkp\n+00001620: 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 e280 9920 asswd-pbkdf2... \n+00001630: 6765 6e65 7261 7465 7320 7061 7373 776f generates passwo\n+00001640: 7264 2068 6173 6865 7320 666f 7220 4752 rd hashes for GR\n+00001650: 5542 0a28 2a6e 6f74 6520 5365 6375 7269 UB.(*note Securi\n+00001660: 7479 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 ty::)... gru\n+00001670: 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 b-mkpasswd-pbkdf\n+00001680: 320a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 2.. ...grub-mk\n+00001690: 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 32e2 8099 passwd-pbkdf2...\n+000016a0: 2061 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c accepts the fol\n+000016b0: 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a lowing options:.\n+000016c0: 0ae2 8098 2d63 204e 554d 4245 52e2 8099 ....-c NUMBER...\n+000016d0: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6974 6572 6174 696f 6e2d ....--iteration-\n+000016e0: 636f 756e 743d 4e55 4d42 4552 e280 990a count=NUMBER....\n+000016f0: 2020 2020 204e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2069 Number of i\n+00001700: 7465 7261 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 terations of the\n+00001710: 2075 6e64 6572 6c79 696e 6720 7073 6575 underlying pseu\n+00001720: 646f 2d72 616e 646f 6d20 6675 6e63 7469 do-random functi\n+00001730: 6f6e 2e0a 2020 2020 2044 6566 6175 6c74 on.. Default\n+00001740: 7320 746f 2031 3030 3030 2e0a 0ae2 8098 s to 10000......\n+00001750: 2d6c 204e 554d 4245 52e2 8099 0ae2 8098 -l NUMBER.......\n+00001760: 2d2d 6275 666c 656e 3d4e 554d 4245 52e2 --buflen=NUMBER.\n+00001770: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4c65 6e67 7468 206f ... Length o\n+00001780: 6620 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 f the generated \n+00001790: 6861 7368 2e20 2044 6566 6175 6c74 7320 hash. Defaults \n+000017a0: 746f 2036 342e 0a0a e280 982d 7320 4e55 to 64......-s NU\n+000017b0: 4d42 4552 e280 990a e280 982d 2d73 616c MBER.......--sal\n+000017c0: 743d 4e55 4d42 4552 e280 990a 2020 2020 t=NUMBER.... \n+000017d0: 204c 656e 6774 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2073 Length of the s\n+000017e0: 616c 742e 2020 4465 6661 756c 7473 2074 alt. Defaults t\n+000017f0: 6f20 3634 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 o 64.....File: g\n+00001800: 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a rub.info, Node:\n+00001810: 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d Invoking grub-m\n+00001820: 6b72 656c 7061 7468 2c20 204e 6578 743a krelpath, Next:\n+00001830: 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d Invoking grub-m\n+00001840: 6b72 6573 6375 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 krescue, Prev: \n+00001850: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b Invoking grub-mk\n+00001860: 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b 6466 322c 2020 passwd-pbkdf2, \n+00001870: 5570 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 Up: User-space u\n+00001880: 7469 6c69 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e34 2049 tilities..24.4 I\n+00001890: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n+000018a0: 656c 7061 7468 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d elpath.=========\n 000018b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000018c0: 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 =..The program .\n-000018d0: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c 7061 7468 ..grub-mkrelpath\n-000018e0: e280 9920 6d61 6b65 7320 6120 6669 6c65 ... makes a file\n-000018f0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7061 7468 2072 656c system path rel\n-00001900: 6174 6976 6520 746f 2074 6865 0a72 6f6f ative to the.roo\n-00001910: 7420 6f66 2069 7473 2063 6f6e 7461 696e t of its contain\n-00001920: 696e 6720 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d2e ing file system.\n-00001930: 2020 466f 7220 696e 7374 616e 6365 2c20 For instance, \n-00001940: 6966 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 e280 9920 6973 if .../usr... is\n-00001950: 2061 206d 6f75 6e74 0a70 6f69 6e74 2c20 a mount.point, \n-00001960: 7468 656e 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2420 6772 then:.. $ gr\n-00001970: 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c 7061 7468 202f 7573 ub-mkrelpath /us\n-00001980: 722f 7368 6172 652f 6772 7562 2f75 6e69 r/share/grub/uni\n-00001990: 636f 6465 2e70 6632 0a20 2020 2020 e280 code.pf2. ..\n-000019a0: 982f 7368 6172 652f 6772 7562 2f75 6e69 ./share/grub/uni\n-000019b0: 636f 6465 2e70 6632 e280 990a 0a20 2020 code.pf2..... \n-000019c0: 5468 6973 2069 7320 6d61 696e 6c79 2075 This is mainly u\n-000019d0: 7365 6420 696e 7465 726e 616c 6c79 2062 sed internally b\n-000019e0: 7920 6f74 6865 7220 4752 5542 2075 7469 y other GRUB uti\n-000019f0: 6c69 7469 6573 2073 7563 6820 6173 0ae2 lities such as..\n-00001a00: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 67e2 ..grub-mkconfig.\n-00001a10: 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 766f 6b69 .. (*note Invoki\n-00001a20: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 ng grub-mkconfig\n-00001a30: 3a3a 292c 2062 7574 206d 6179 206f 6363 ::), but may occ\n-00001a40: 6173 696f 6e61 6c6c 790a 616c 736f 2062 asionally.also b\n-00001a50: 6520 7573 6566 756c 2066 6f72 2064 6562 e useful for deb\n-00001a60: 7567 6769 6e67 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 ugging... ...g\n-00001a70: 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 6c70 6174 68e2 8099 rub-mkrelpath...\n-00001a80: 2061 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c accepts the fol\n-00001a90: 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a lowing options:.\n-00001aa0: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 ....--help.... \n-00001ab0: 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 Print a summa\n-00001ac0: 7279 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e ry of the comman\n-00001ad0: 642d 6c69 6e65 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 d-line options a\n-00001ae0: 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 nd exit......--v\n-00001af0: 6572 7369 6f6e e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 ersion.... P\n-00001b00: 7269 6e74 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e rint the version\n-00001b10: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 number of GRUB \n-00001b20: 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c and exit.....Fil\n-00001b30: 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 204e e: grub.info, N\n-00001b40: 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 ode: Invoking gr\n-00001b50: 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 652c 2020 4e65 ub-mkrescue, Ne\n-00001b60: 7874 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 xt: Invoking gru\n-00001b70: 622d 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 b-mount, Prev: \n-00001b80: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b Invoking grub-mk\n-00001b90: 7265 6c70 6174 682c 2020 5570 3a20 5573 relpath, Up: Us\n-00001ba0: 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 er-space utiliti\n-00001bb0: 6573 0a0a 3234 2e35 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e es..24.5 Invokin\n-00001bc0: 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 650a g grub-mkrescue.\n-00001bd0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00001be0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 ===========..The\n-00001bf0: 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 program ...grub\n-00001c00: 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 65e2 8099 2067 656e -mkrescue... gen\n-00001c10: 6572 6174 6573 2061 2062 6f6f 7461 626c erates a bootabl\n-00001c20: 6520 4752 5542 2072 6573 6375 6520 696d e GRUB rescue im\n-00001c30: 6167 650a 282a 6e6f 7465 204d 616b 696e age.(*note Makin\n-00001c40: 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 626c g a GRUB bootabl\n-00001c50: 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 3a3a 292e 0a0a 2020 e CD-ROM::)... \n-00001c60: 2020 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 grub-mkrescue\n-00001c70: 202d 6f20 6772 7562 2e69 736f 0a0a 2020 -o grub.iso.. \n-00001c80: 2041 6c6c 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 206e All arguments n\n-00001c90: 6f74 2065 7870 6c69 6369 746c 7920 6c69 ot explicitly li\n-00001ca0: 7374 6564 2061 7320 e280 9867 7275 622d sted as ...grub-\n-00001cb0: 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 e280 9920 6f70 7469 mkrescue... opti\n-00001cc0: 6f6e 7320 6172 650a 7061 7373 6564 206f ons are.passed o\n-00001cd0: 6e20 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2074 6f20 e280 n directly to ..\n-00001ce0: 9878 6f72 7269 736f e280 9920 696e 20e2 .xorriso... in .\n-00001cf0: 8098 6d6b 6973 6f66 73e2 8099 2065 6d75 ..mkisofs... emu\n-00001d00: 6c61 7469 6f6e 206d 6f64 652e 2020 4f70 lation mode. Op\n-00001d10: 7469 6f6e 730a 7061 7373 6564 2074 6f20 tions.passed to \n-00001d20: e280 9878 6f72 7269 736f e280 9920 7769 ...xorriso... wi\n-00001d30: 6c6c 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6265 2069 ll normally be i\n-00001d40: 6e74 6572 7072 6574 6564 2061 7320 e280 nterpreted as ..\n-00001d50: 986d 6b69 736f 6673 e280 9920 6f70 7469 .mkisofs... opti\n-00001d60: 6f6e 733b 0a69 6620 7468 6520 6f70 7469 ons;.if the opti\n-00001d70: 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d e280 9920 6973 2075 on ...--... is u\n-00001d80: 7365 642c 2074 6865 6e20 616e 7974 6869 sed, then anythi\n-00001d90: 6e67 2061 6674 6572 2074 6861 7420 7769 ng after that wi\n-00001da0: 6c6c 2062 6520 696e 7465 7270 7265 7465 ll be interprete\n-00001db0: 640a 6173 206e 6174 6976 6520 e280 9878 d.as native ...x\n-00001dc0: 6f72 7269 736f e280 9920 6f70 7469 6f6e orriso... option\n-00001dd0: 732e 0a0a 2020 204e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 696f s... Non-optio\n-00001de0: 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 7370 6563 n arguments spec\n-00001df0: 6966 7920 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2073 ify additional s\n-00001e00: 6f75 7263 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 ource directorie\n-00001e10: 732e 2020 5468 6973 2069 730a 636f 6d6d s. This is.comm\n-00001e20: 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 6420 746f 2061 6464 only used to add\n-00001e30: 2065 7874 7261 2066 696c 6573 2074 6f20 extra files to \n-00001e40: 7468 6520 696d 6167 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 the image:.. \n-00001e50: 206d 6b64 6972 202d 7020 6469 736b 2f62 mkdir -p disk/b\n-00001e60: 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 0a20 2020 2020 2861 oot/grub. (a\n-00001e70: 6464 2065 7874 7261 2066 696c 6573 2074 dd extra files t\n-00001e80: 6f20 e280 9864 6973 6b2f 626f 6f74 2f67 o ...disk/boot/g\n-00001e90: 7275 62e2 8099 290a 2020 2020 2067 7275 rub...). gru\n-00001ea0: 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 202d 6f20 6772 b-mkrescue -o gr\n-00001eb0: 7562 2e69 736f 2064 6973 6b0a 0a20 2020 ub.iso disk.. \n-00001ec0: e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 ...grub-mkrescue\n-00001ed0: e280 9920 6163 6365 7074 7320 7468 6520 ... accepts the \n-00001ee0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f70 7469 6f6e following option\n-00001ef0: 733a 0a0a e280 982d 2d68 656c 70e2 8099 s:.....--help...\n-00001f00: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 6120 7375 . Print a su\n-00001f10: 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d mmary of the com\n-00001f20: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e mand-line option\n-00001f30: 7320 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 s and exit......\n-00001f40: 2d2d 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 0a20 2020 --version.... \n-00001f50: 2020 5072 696e 7420 7468 6520 7665 7273 Print the vers\n-00001f60: 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 4752 ion number of GR\n-00001f70: 5542 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 UB and exit.....\n-00001f80: 982d 6f20 4649 4c45 e280 990a e280 982d .-o FILE.......-\n-00001f90: 2d6f 7574 7075 743d 4649 4c45 e280 990a -output=FILE....\n-00001fa0: 2020 2020 2053 6176 6520 6f75 7470 7574 Save output\n-00001fb0: 2069 6e20 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 6869 7320 in FILE. This \n-00001fc0: 226f 7074 696f 6e22 2069 7320 7265 7175 \"option\" is requ\n-00001fd0: 6972 6564 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6d6f 6475 ired......--modu\n-00001fe0: 6c65 733d 4d4f 4455 4c45 53e2 8099 0a20 les=MODULES.... \n-00001ff0: 2020 2020 5072 652d 6c6f 6164 2074 6865 Pre-load the\n-00002000: 206e 616d 6564 2047 5255 4220 6d6f 6475 named GRUB modu\n-00002010: 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 les in the image\n-00002020: 2e20 204d 756c 7469 706c 6520 656e 7472 . Multiple entr\n-00002030: 6965 7320 696e 0a20 2020 2020 4d4f 4455 ies in. MODU\n-00002040: 4c45 5320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7365 LES should be se\n-00002050: 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2077 6869 7465 parated by white\n-00002060: 7370 6163 6520 2873 6f20 796f 7520 7769 space (so you wi\n-00002070: 6c6c 2070 726f 6261 626c 790a 2020 2020 ll probably. \n-00002080: 206e 6565 6420 746f 2071 756f 7465 2074 need to quote t\n-00002090: 6869 7320 666f 7220 796f 7572 2073 6865 his for your she\n-000020a0: 6c6c 292e 0a0a e280 982d 2d72 6f6d 2d64 ll)......--rom-d\n-000020b0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 3d44 4952 e280 990a irectory=DIR....\n-000020c0: 2020 2020 2049 6620 6765 6e65 7261 7469 If generati\n-000020d0: 6e67 2069 6d61 6765 7320 666f 7220 7468 ng images for th\n-000020e0: 6520 5145 4d55 206f 7220 436f 7265 626f e QEMU or Corebo\n-000020f0: 6f74 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2c20 636f ot platforms, co\n-00002100: 7079 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7265 7375 py the. resu\n-00002110: 6c74 696e 6720 e280 9871 656d 752e 696d lting ...qemu.im\n-00002120: 67e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9863 6f72 6562 g... or ...coreb\n-00002130: 6f6f 742e 656c 66e2 8099 2066 696c 6573 oot.elf... files\n-00002140: 2072 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c 7920 746f respectively to\n-00002150: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 4449 5220 6469 the. DIR di\n-00002160: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6173 2077 656c 6c20 rectory as well \n-00002170: 6173 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2074 6865 as including the\n-00002180: 6d20 696e 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 2e0a m in the image..\n-00002190: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 786f 7272 6973 6f3d 4649 ....--xorriso=FI\n-000021a0: 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 7365 2046 LE.... Use F\n-000021b0: 494c 4520 6173 2074 6865 20e2 8098 786f ILE as the ...xo\n-000021c0: 7272 6973 6fe2 8099 2070 726f 6772 616d rriso... program\n-000021d0: 2c20 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7468 , rather than th\n-000021e0: 6520 6275 696c 742d 696e 0a20 2020 2020 e built-in. \n-000021f0: 6465 6661 756c 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d67 default......--g\n-00002200: 7275 622d 6d6b 696d 6167 653d 4649 4c45 rub-mkimage=FILE\n-00002210: e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 7365 2046 494c .... Use FIL\n-00002220: 4520 6173 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6772 7562 E as the ...grub\n-00002230: 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 9920 7072 6f67 -mkimage... prog\n-00002240: 7261 6d2c 2072 6174 6865 7220 7468 616e ram, rather than\n-00002250: 2074 6865 2062 7569 6c74 2d69 6e0a 2020 the built-in. \n-00002260: 2020 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 default.....F\n-00002270: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n-00002280: 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 Node: Invoking \n-00002290: 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 204e 6578 grub-mount, Nex\n-000022a0: 743a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 t: Invoking grub\n-000022b0: 2d70 726f 6265 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 -probe, Prev: I\n-000022c0: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n-000022d0: 6573 6375 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5573 6572 escue, Up: User\n-000022e0: 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 -space utilities\n-000022f0: 0a0a 3234 2e36 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 ..24.6 Invoking \n-00002300: 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d grub-mount.=====\n+000018c0: 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d ===..The program\n+000018d0: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c 7061 ...grub-mkrelpa\n+000018e0: 7468 e280 9920 6d61 6b65 7320 6120 6669 th... makes a fi\n+000018f0: 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7061 7468 2072 le system path r\n+00001900: 656c 6174 6976 6520 746f 2074 6865 0a72 elative to the.r\n+00001910: 6f6f 7420 6f66 2069 7473 2063 6f6e 7461 oot of its conta\n+00001920: 696e 696e 6720 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 ining file syste\n+00001930: 6d2e 2020 466f 7220 696e 7374 616e 6365 m. For instance\n+00001940: 2c20 6966 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 e280 9920 , if .../usr... \n+00001950: 6973 2061 206d 6f75 6e74 0a70 6f69 6e74 is a mount.point\n+00001960: 2c20 7468 656e 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2420 , then:.. $ \n+00001970: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c 7061 7468 202f grub-mkrelpath /\n+00001980: 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 6772 7562 2f75 usr/share/grub/u\n+00001990: 6e69 636f 6465 2e70 6632 0a20 2020 2020 nicode.pf2. \n+000019a0: e280 982f 7368 6172 652f 6772 7562 2f75 .../share/grub/u\n+000019b0: 6e69 636f 6465 2e70 6632 e280 990a 0a20 nicode.pf2..... \n+000019c0: 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 6d61 696e 6c79 This is mainly\n+000019d0: 2075 7365 6420 696e 7465 726e 616c 6c79 used internally\n+000019e0: 2062 7920 6f74 6865 7220 4752 5542 2075 by other GRUB u\n+000019f0: 7469 6c69 7469 6573 2073 7563 6820 6173 tilities such as\n+00001a00: 0ae2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 ....grub-mkconfi\n+00001a10: 67e2 8099 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 496e 766f g... (*note Invo\n+00001a20: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 king grub-mkconf\n+00001a30: 6967 3a3a 292c 2062 7574 206d 6179 206f ig::), but may o\n+00001a40: 6363 6173 696f 6e61 6c6c 790a 616c 736f ccasionally.also\n+00001a50: 2062 6520 7573 6566 756c 2066 6f72 2064 be useful for d\n+00001a60: 6562 7567 6769 6e67 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 ebugging... ..\n+00001a70: 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 6c70 6174 68e2 .grub-mkrelpath.\n+00001a80: 8099 2061 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 .. accepts the f\n+00001a90: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 ollowing options\n+00001aa0: 3a0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6865 6c70 e280 990a :.....--help....\n+00001ab0: 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2061 2073 756d Print a sum\n+00001ac0: 6d61 7279 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d mary of the comm\n+00001ad0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 206f 7074 696f 6e73 and-line options\n+00001ae0: 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d and exit......-\n+00001af0: 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e e280 990a 2020 2020 -version.... \n+00001b00: 2050 7269 6e74 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 Print the versi\n+00001b10: 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2047 5255 on number of GRU\n+00001b20: 4220 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 B and exit.....F\n+00001b30: 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f 2c20 ile: grub.info, \n+00001b40: 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 Node: Invoking \n+00001b50: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 652c 2020 grub-mkrescue, \n+00001b60: 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 Next: Invoking g\n+00001b70: 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 5072 6576 rub-mount, Prev\n+00001b80: 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d : Invoking grub-\n+00001b90: 6d6b 7265 6c70 6174 682c 2020 5570 3a20 mkrelpath, Up: \n+00001ba0: 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 User-space utili\n+00001bb0: 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e35 2049 6e76 6f6b ties..24.5 Invok\n+00001bc0: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 ing grub-mkrescu\n+00001bd0: 650a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d e.==============\n+00001be0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 =============..T\n+00001bf0: 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 he program ...gr\n+00001c00: 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 6375 65e2 8099 2067 ub-mkrescue... g\n+00001c10: 656e 6572 6174 6573 2061 2062 6f6f 7461 enerates a boota\n+00001c20: 626c 6520 4752 5542 2072 6573 6375 6520 ble GRUB rescue \n+00001c30: 696d 6167 650a 282a 6e6f 7465 204d 616b image.(*note Mak\n+00001c40: 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 ing a GRUB boota\n+00001c50: 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 3a3a 292e 0a0a ble CD-ROM::)...\n+00001c60: 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 grub-mkresc\n+00001c70: 7565 202d 6f20 6772 7562 2e69 736f 0a0a ue -o grub.iso..\n+00001c80: 2020 2041 6c6c 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 All arguments\n+00001c90: 206e 6f74 2065 7870 6c69 6369 746c 7920 not explicitly \n+00001ca0: 6c69 7374 6564 2061 7320 e280 9867 7275 listed as ...gru\n+00001cb0: 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 e280 9920 6f70 b-mkrescue... op\n+00001cc0: 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 650a 7061 7373 6564 tions are.passed\n+00001cd0: 206f 6e20 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2074 6f20 on directly to \n+00001ce0: e280 9878 6f72 7269 736f e280 9920 696e ...xorriso... in\n+00001cf0: 20e2 8098 6d6b 6973 6f66 73e2 8099 2065 ...mkisofs... e\n+00001d00: 6d75 6c61 7469 6f6e 206d 6f64 652e 2020 mulation mode. \n+00001d10: 4f70 7469 6f6e 730a 7061 7373 6564 2074 Options.passed t\n+00001d20: 6f20 e280 9878 6f72 7269 736f e280 9920 o ...xorriso... \n+00001d30: 7769 6c6c 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6265 will normally be\n+00001d40: 2069 6e74 6572 7072 6574 6564 2061 7320 interpreted as \n+00001d50: e280 986d 6b69 736f 6673 e280 9920 6f70 ...mkisofs... op\n+00001d60: 7469 6f6e 733b 0a69 6620 7468 6520 6f70 tions;.if the op\n+00001d70: 7469 6f6e 20e2 8098 2d2d e280 9920 6973 tion ...--... is\n+00001d80: 2075 7365 642c 2074 6865 6e20 616e 7974 used, then anyt\n+00001d90: 6869 6e67 2061 6674 6572 2074 6861 7420 hing after that \n+00001da0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 696e 7465 7270 7265 will be interpre\n+00001db0: 7465 640a 6173 206e 6174 6976 6520 e280 ted.as native ..\n+00001dc0: 9878 6f72 7269 736f e280 9920 6f70 7469 .xorriso... opti\n+00001dd0: 6f6e 732e 0a0a 2020 204e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 ons... Non-opt\n+00001de0: 696f 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 7370 ion arguments sp\n+00001df0: 6563 6966 7920 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c ecify additional\n+00001e00: 2073 6f75 7263 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 source director\n+00001e10: 6965 732e 2020 5468 6973 2069 730a 636f ies. This is.co\n+00001e20: 6d6d 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 6420 746f 2061 mmonly used to a\n+00001e30: 6464 2065 7874 7261 2066 696c 6573 2074 dd extra files t\n+00001e40: 6f20 7468 6520 696d 6167 653a 0a0a 2020 o the image:.. \n+00001e50: 2020 206d 6b64 6972 202d 7020 6469 736b mkdir -p disk\n+00001e60: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 0a20 2020 2020 /boot/grub. \n+00001e70: 2861 6464 2065 7874 7261 2066 696c 6573 (add extra files\n+00001e80: 2074 6f20 e280 9864 6973 6b2f 626f 6f74 to ...disk/boot\n+00001e90: 2f67 7275 62e2 8099 290a 2020 2020 2067 /grub...). g\n+00001ea0: 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 202d 6f20 rub-mkrescue -o \n+00001eb0: 6772 7562 2e69 736f 2064 6973 6b0a 0a20 grub.iso disk.. \n+00001ec0: 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 ...grub-mkresc\n+00001ed0: 7565 e280 9920 6163 6365 7074 7320 7468 ue... accepts th\n+00001ee0: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6f70 7469 e following opti\n+00001ef0: 6f6e 733a 0a0a e280 982d 2d68 656c 70e2 ons:.....--help.\n+00001f00: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 6120 ... Print a \n+00001f10: 7375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2063 summary of the c\n+00001f20: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 6f70 7469 ommand-line opti\n+00001f30: 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 ons and exit....\n+00001f40: 8098 2d2d 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 0a20 ..--version.... \n+00001f50: 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 7468 6520 7665 Print the ve\n+00001f60: 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 rsion number of \n+00001f70: 4752 5542 2061 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a GRUB and exit...\n+00001f80: e280 982d 6f20 4649 4c45 e280 990a e280 ...-o FILE......\n+00001f90: 982d 2d6f 7574 7075 743d 4649 4c45 e280 .--output=FILE..\n+00001fa0: 990a 2020 2020 2053 6176 6520 6f75 7470 .. Save outp\n+00001fb0: 7574 2069 6e20 4649 4c45 2e20 2054 6869 ut in FILE. Thi\n+00001fc0: 7320 226f 7074 696f 6e22 2069 7320 7265 s \"option\" is re\n+00001fd0: 7175 6972 6564 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6d6f quired......--mo\n+00001fe0: 6475 6c65 733d 4d4f 4455 4c45 53e2 8099 dules=MODULES...\n+00001ff0: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 652d 6c6f 6164 2074 . Pre-load t\n+00002000: 6865 206e 616d 6564 2047 5255 4220 6d6f he named GRUB mo\n+00002010: 6475 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 2069 6d61 dules in the ima\n+00002020: 6765 2e20 204d 756c 7469 706c 6520 656e ge. Multiple en\n+00002030: 7472 6965 7320 696e 0a20 2020 2020 4d4f tries in. MO\n+00002040: 4455 4c45 5320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 DULES should be \n+00002050: 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2077 6869 separated by whi\n+00002060: 7465 7370 6163 6520 2873 6f20 796f 7520 tespace (so you \n+00002070: 7769 6c6c 2070 726f 6261 626c 790a 2020 will probably. \n+00002080: 2020 206e 6565 6420 746f 2071 756f 7465 need to quote\n+00002090: 2074 6869 7320 666f 7220 796f 7572 2073 this for your s\n+000020a0: 6865 6c6c 292e 0a0a e280 982d 2d72 6f6d hell)......--rom\n+000020b0: 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 3d44 4952 e280 -directory=DIR..\n+000020c0: 990a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6765 6e65 7261 .. If genera\n+000020d0: 7469 6e67 2069 6d61 6765 7320 666f 7220 ting images for \n+000020e0: 7468 6520 5145 4d55 206f 7220 436f 7265 the QEMU or Core\n+000020f0: 626f 6f74 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d73 2c20 boot platforms, \n+00002100: 636f 7079 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7265 copy the. re\n+00002110: 7375 6c74 696e 6720 e280 9871 656d 752e sulting ...qemu.\n+00002120: 696d 67e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9863 6f72 img... or ...cor\n+00002130: 6562 6f6f 742e 656c 66e2 8099 2066 696c eboot.elf... fil\n+00002140: 6573 2072 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c 7920 es respectively \n+00002150: 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 4449 5220 to the. DIR \n+00002160: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6173 2077 656c directory as wel\n+00002170: 6c20 6173 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2074 l as including t\n+00002180: 6865 6d20 696e 2074 6865 2069 6d61 6765 hem in the image\n+00002190: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d 786f 7272 6973 6f3d ......--xorriso=\n+000021a0: 4649 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 7365 FILE.... Use\n+000021b0: 2046 494c 4520 6173 2074 6865 20e2 8098 FILE as the ...\n+000021c0: 786f 7272 6973 6fe2 8099 2070 726f 6772 xorriso... progr\n+000021d0: 616d 2c20 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 am, rather than \n+000021e0: 7468 6520 6275 696c 742d 696e 0a20 2020 the built-in. \n+000021f0: 2020 6465 6661 756c 742e 0a0a e280 982d default......-\n+00002200: 2d67 7275 622d 6d6b 696d 6167 653d 4649 -grub-mkimage=FI\n+00002210: 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 7365 2046 LE.... Use F\n+00002220: 494c 4520 6173 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6772 ILE as the ...gr\n+00002230: 7562 2d6d 6b69 6d61 6765 e280 9920 7072 ub-mkimage... pr\n+00002240: 6f67 7261 6d2c 2072 6174 6865 7220 7468 ogram, rather th\n+00002250: 616e 2074 6865 2062 7569 6c74 2d69 6e0a an the built-in.\n+00002260: 2020 2020 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2e0a 0a1f default....\n+00002270: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n+00002280: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e , Node: Invokin\n+00002290: 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2c20 204e g grub-mount, N\n+000022a0: 6578 743a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 ext: Invoking gr\n+000022b0: 7562 2d70 726f 6265 2c20 2050 7265 763a ub-probe, Prev:\n+000022c0: 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d Invoking grub-m\n+000022d0: 6b72 6573 6375 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5573 krescue, Up: Us\n+000022e0: 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 6c69 7469 er-space utiliti\n+000022f0: 6573 0a0a 3234 2e36 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e es..24.6 Invokin\n+00002300: 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 0a3d 3d3d g grub-mount.===\n 00002310: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00002320: 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d ===..The program\n-00002330: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 e280 ...grub-mount..\n-00002340: 9920 7065 7266 6f72 6d73 2061 2072 6561 . performs a rea\n-00002350: 642d 6f6e 6c79 206d 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 d-only mount of \n-00002360: 616e 7920 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d0a any file system.\n-00002370: 6f72 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2069 or file system i\n-00002380: 6d61 6765 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 2075 mage that GRUB u\n-00002390: 6e64 6572 7374 616e 6473 2c20 7573 696e nderstands, usin\n-000023a0: 6720 4752 5542 2773 2066 696c 6520 7379 g GRUB's file sy\n-000023b0: 7374 656d 0a64 7269 7665 7273 2076 6961 stem.drivers via\n-000023c0: 2046 5553 452e 2028 4974 2069 7320 6f6e FUSE. (It is on\n-000023d0: 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6620 ly available if \n-000023e0: 4655 5345 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 FUSE development\n-000023f0: 2066 696c 6573 2077 6572 650a 7072 6573 files were.pres\n-00002400: 656e 7420 7768 656e 2047 5255 4220 7761 ent when GRUB wa\n-00002410: 7320 6275 696c 742e 2920 2054 6869 7320 s built.) This \n-00002420: 6861 7320 6120 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 has a number of \n-00002430: 7573 6573 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4974 uses:.. ... It\n-00002440: 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 6120 636f 6e76 provides a conv\n-00002450: 656e 6965 6e74 2077 6179 2074 6f20 6368 enient way to ch\n-00002460: 6563 6b20 686f 7720 4752 5542 2077 696c eck how GRUB wil\n-00002470: 6c20 7669 6577 2061 2066 696c 650a 2020 l view a file. \n-00002480: 2020 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6174 2062 6f6f system at boo\n-00002490: 7420 7469 6d65 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 616e t time. You can\n-000024a0: 2075 7365 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 636f 6d6d use normal comm\n-000024b0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2074 6f6f 6c73 2074 and-line tools t\n-000024c0: 6f0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 7061 7265 2074 o. compare t\n-000024d0: 6861 7420 7669 6577 2077 6974 6820 7468 hat view with th\n-000024e0: 6174 206f 6620 796f 7572 206f 7065 7261 at of your opera\n-000024f0: 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 206d 616b ting system, mak\n-00002500: 696e 6720 6974 0a20 2020 2020 6561 7379 ing it. easy\n-00002510: 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 2062 7567 732e 0a0a to find bugs...\n-00002520: 2020 20e2 80a2 2049 7420 6f66 6665 7273 ... It offers\n-00002530: 2074 7275 6520 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 true read-only \n-00002540: 6d6f 756e 7473 2e20 204c 696e 7578 2064 mounts. Linux d\n-00002550: 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6861 7665 2074 6865 oes not have the\n-00002560: 7365 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6a6f 7572 se for. jour\n-00002570: 6e61 6c6c 696e 6720 6669 6c65 2073 7973 nalling file sys\n-00002580: 7465 6d73 2c20 6265 6361 7573 6520 6974 tems, because it\n-00002590: 2077 696c 6c20 616c 7761 7973 2061 7474 will always att\n-000025a0: 656d 7074 2074 6f20 7265 706c 6179 0a20 empt to replay. \n-000025b0: 2020 2020 7468 6520 6a6f 7572 6e61 6c20 the journal \n-000025c0: 6174 206d 6f75 6e74 2074 696d 653b 2077 at mount time; w\n-000025d0: 6869 6c65 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2074 656d hile you can tem\n-000025e0: 706f 7261 7269 6c79 206d 6172 6b20 7468 porarily mark th\n-000025f0: 6520 626c 6f63 6b0a 2020 2020 2064 6576 e block. dev\n-00002600: 6963 6520 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 746f ice read-only to\n-00002610: 2061 766f 6964 2074 6869 732c 2074 6861 avoid this, tha\n-00002620: 7420 6361 7573 6573 2074 6865 206d 6f75 t causes the mou\n-00002630: 6e74 2074 6f20 6661 696c 2e0a 2020 2020 nt to fail.. \n-00002640: 2053 696e 6365 2047 5255 4220 696e 7465 Since GRUB inte\n-00002650: 6e74 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 636f 6e74 6169 ntionally contai\n-00002660: 6e73 206e 6f20 636f 6465 2066 6f72 2077 ns no code for w\n-00002670: 7269 7469 6e67 2074 6f20 6669 6c65 0a20 riting to file. \n-00002680: 2020 2020 7379 7374 656d 732c 2069 7420 systems, it \n-00002690: 6361 6e20 6561 7369 6c79 2070 726f 7669 can easily provi\n-000026a0: 6465 2061 2067 7561 7261 6e74 6565 6420 de a guaranteed \n-000026b0: 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 6d6f 756e 740a read-only mount.\n-000026c0: 2020 2020 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2e0a mechanism..\n-000026d0: 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4974 2061 6c6c 6f77 . ... It allow\n-000026e0: 7320 796f 7520 746f 2065 7861 6d69 6e65 s you to examine\n-000026f0: 2061 6e79 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d any file system\n-00002700: 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 2075 6e64 6572 that GRUB under\n-00002710: 7374 616e 6473 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 stands. with\n-00002720: 6f75 7420 6e65 6564 696e 6720 746f 206c out needing to l\n-00002730: 6f61 6420 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 206d oad additional m\n-00002740: 6f64 756c 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 796f 7572 odules into your\n-00002750: 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 running. ke\n-00002760: 726e 656c 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6d61 7920 rnel, which may \n-00002770: 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 696e 2063 6f6e be useful in con\n-00002780: 7374 7261 696e 6564 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e strained environ\n-00002790: 6d65 6e74 7320 7375 6368 2061 730a 2020 ments such as. \n-000027a0: 2020 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 732e 0a0a installers...\n-000027b0: 2020 20e2 80a2 2053 696e 6365 2069 7420 ... Since it \n-000027c0: 6361 6e20 6578 616d 696e 6520 6669 6c65 can examine file\n-000027d0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 696d 6167 6573 2028 system images (\n-000027e0: 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 6420 696e 2072 6567 contained in reg\n-000027f0: 756c 6172 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 7329 ular. files)\n-00002800: 206a 7573 7420 6173 2065 6173 696c 7920 just as easily \n-00002810: 6173 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 7320 as file systems \n-00002820: 6f6e 2062 6c6f 636b 2064 6576 6963 6573 on block devices\n-00002830: 2c20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7573 650a 2020 , you can use. \n-00002840: 2020 2069 7420 746f 2069 6e73 7065 6374 it to inspect\n-00002850: 2061 6e79 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d any file system\n-00002860: 2069 6d61 6765 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 image that GRUB\n-00002870: 2075 6e64 6572 7374 616e 6473 2077 6974 understands wit\n-00002880: 6820 6f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 656e 6f75 h only. enou\n-00002890: 6768 2070 7269 7669 6c65 6765 7320 746f gh privileges to\n-000028a0: 2075 7365 2046 5553 452c 2065 7665 6e20 use FUSE, even \n-000028b0: 6966 206e 6f62 6f64 7920 6861 7320 7965 if nobody has ye\n-000028c0: 7420 7772 6974 7465 6e20 610a 2020 2020 t written a. \n-000028d0: 2046 5553 4520 6d6f 6475 6c65 2073 7065 FUSE module spe\n-000028e0: 6369 6669 6361 6c6c 7920 666f 7220 7468 cifically for th\n-000028f0: 6174 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2074 at file system t\n-00002900: 7970 652e 0a0a 2020 2055 7369 6e67 20e2 ype... Using .\n-00002910: 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 e280 9920 ..grub-mount... \n-00002920: 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6173 2073 is normally as s\n-00002930: 696d 706c 6520 6173 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 imple as:.. \n-00002940: 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 202f 6465 762f grub-mount /dev/\n-00002950: 7364 6131 202f 6d6e 740a 0a20 2020 e280 sda1 /mnt.. ..\n-00002960: 9867 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 74e2 8099 206d .grub-mount... m\n-00002970: 7573 7420 6265 2067 6976 656e 206f 6e65 ust be given one\n-00002980: 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 7320 or more images \n-00002990: 616e 6420 6120 6d6f 756e 7420 706f 696e and a mount poin\n-000029a0: 7420 6173 0a6e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 696f 6e20 t as.non-option \n-000029b0: 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 2869 6620 6974 arguments (if it\n-000029c0: 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e20 6d6f 7265 2074 is given more t\n-000029d0: 6861 6e20 6f6e 6520 696d 6167 652c 2069 han one image, i\n-000029e0: 7420 7769 6c6c 2074 7265 6174 0a74 6865 t will treat.the\n-000029f0: 6d20 6173 2061 2052 4149 4420 7365 7429 m as a RAID set)\n-00002a00: 2c20 616e 6420 616c 736f 2061 6363 6570 , and also accep\n-00002a10: 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 ts the following\n-00002a20: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d options:.....--\n-00002a30: 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 help.... Pri\n-00002a40: 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 7279 206f 6620 nt a summary of \n-00002a50: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 the command-line\n-00002a60: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 2065 7869 options and exi\n-00002a70: 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e t......--version\n-00002a80: e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2074 .... Print t\n-00002a90: 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 he version numbe\n-00002aa0: 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 616e 6420 6578 r of GRUB and ex\n-00002ab0: 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d43 e280 990a e280 it......-C......\n-00002ac0: 982d 2d63 7279 7074 6fe2 8099 0a20 2020 .--crypto.... \n-00002ad0: 2020 4d6f 756e 7420 656e 6372 7970 7465 Mount encrypte\n-00002ae0: 6420 6465 7669 6365 732c 2070 726f 6d70 d devices, promp\n-00002af0: 7469 6e67 2066 6f72 2061 2070 6173 7370 ting for a passp\n-00002b00: 6872 6173 6520 6966 206e 6563 6573 7361 hrase if necessa\n-00002b10: 7279 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d64 2053 5452 494e ry......-d STRIN\n-00002b20: 47e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6465 6275 673d G.......--debug=\n-00002b30: 5354 5249 4e47 e280 990a 2020 2020 2053 STRING.... S\n-00002b40: 686f 7720 6465 6275 6767 696e 6720 6f75 how debugging ou\n-00002b50: 7470 7574 2066 6f72 2063 6f6e 6469 7469 tput for conditi\n-00002b60: 6f6e 7320 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 2053 5452 ons matching STR\n-00002b70: 494e 472e 0a0a e280 982d 4b20 7072 6f6d ING......-K prom\n-00002b80: 7074 7c46 494c 45e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d pt|FILE.......--\n-00002b90: 7a66 732d 6b65 793d 7072 6f6d 7074 7c46 zfs-key=prompt|F\n-00002ba0: 494c 45e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f 6164 ILE.... Load\n-00002bb0: 2061 205a 4653 2065 6e63 7279 7074 696f a ZFS encryptio\n-00002bc0: 6e20 6b65 792e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2075 n key. If you u\n-00002bd0: 7365 20e2 8098 7072 6f6d 7074 e280 9920 se ...prompt... \n-00002be0: 6173 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d 656e 742c as the argument,\n-00002bf0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6f . ...grub-mo\n-00002c00: 756e 74e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 7265 6164 unt... will read\n-00002c10: 2061 2070 6173 7370 6872 6173 6520 6672 a passphrase fr\n-00002c20: 6f6d 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c3b om the terminal;\n-00002c30: 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c0a 2020 2020 otherwise,. \n-00002c40: 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2072 6561 6420 6b65 it will read ke\n-00002c50: 7920 6d61 7465 7269 616c 2066 726f 6d20 y material from \n-00002c60: 7468 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6669 the specified fi\n-00002c70: 6c65 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d72 2044 4556 4943 le......-r DEVIC\n-00002c80: 45e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d 726f 6f74 3d44 E.......--root=D\n-00002c90: 4556 4943 45e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5365 EVICE.... Se\n-00002ca0: 7420 7468 6520 4752 5542 2072 6f6f 7420 t the GRUB root \n-00002cb0: 6465 7669 6365 2074 6f20 4445 5649 4345 device to DEVICE\n-00002cc0: 2e20 2059 6f75 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 6e6f . You do not no\n-00002cd0: 726d 616c 6c79 206e 6565 6420 746f 0a20 rmally need to. \n-00002ce0: 2020 2020 7365 7420 7468 6973 3b20 e280 set this; ..\n-00002cf0: 9867 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 74e2 8099 2077 .grub-mount... w\n-00002d00: 696c 6c20 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c ill automaticall\n-00002d10: 7920 7365 7420 7468 6520 726f 6f74 2064 y set the root d\n-00002d20: 6576 6963 6520 746f 0a20 2020 2020 7468 evice to. th\n-00002d30: 6520 726f 6f74 206f 6620 7468 6520 7375 e root of the su\n-00002d40: 7070 6c69 6564 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 pplied file syst\n-00002d50: 656d 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2044 4556 em... If DEV\n-00002d60: 4943 4520 6973 206a 7573 7420 6120 6e75 ICE is just a nu\n-00002d70: 6d62 6572 2c20 7468 656e 2069 7420 7769 mber, then it wi\n-00002d80: 6c6c 2062 6520 7472 6561 7465 6420 6173 ll be treated as\n-00002d90: 2061 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 a partition. \n-00002da0: 2020 6e75 6d62 6572 2077 6974 6869 6e20 number within \n-00002db0: 7468 6520 7375 7070 6c69 6564 2069 6d61 the supplied ima\n-00002dc0: 6765 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e 7320 ge. This means \n-00002dd0: 7468 6174 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 that, if you hav\n-00002de0: 6520 616e 0a20 2020 2020 696d 6167 6520 e an. image \n-00002df0: 6f66 2061 6e20 656e 7469 7265 2064 6973 of an entire dis\n-00002e00: 6b20 696e 20e2 8098 6469 736b 2e69 6d67 k in ...disk.img\n-00002e10: e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 796f 7520 6361 ..., then you ca\n-00002e20: 6e20 7573 6520 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 n use this. \n-00002e30: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 746f 206d 6f75 6e74 command to mount\n-00002e40: 2069 7473 2073 6563 6f6e 6420 7061 7274 its second part\n-00002e50: 6974 696f 6e3a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ition:.. \n-00002e60: 2020 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 202d 7220 grub-mount -r \n-00002e70: 3220 6469 736b 2e69 6d67 206d 6f75 6e74 2 disk.img mount\n-00002e80: 2d70 6f69 6e74 0a0a e280 982d 76e2 8099 -point.....-v...\n-00002e90: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7665 7262 6f73 65e2 8099 ....--verbose...\n-00002ea0: 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 7665 7262 . Print verb\n-00002eb0: 6f73 6520 6d65 7373 6167 6573 2e0a 0a1f ose messages....\n-00002ec0: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00002ed0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e , Node: Invokin\n-00002ee0: 6720 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 2c20 204e g grub-probe, N\n-00002ef0: 6578 743a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 ext: Invoking gr\n-00002f00: 7562 2d73 6372 6970 742d 6368 6563 6b2c ub-script-check,\n-00002f10: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 Prev: Invoking\n-00002f20: 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 5570 grub-mount, Up\n-00002f30: 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 7469 : User-space uti\n-00002f40: 6c69 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e37 2049 6e76 lities..24.7 Inv\n-00002f50: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 oking grub-probe\n-00002f60: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n-00002f70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 =========..The p\n-00002f80: 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d70 rogram ...grub-p\n-00002f90: 726f 6265 e280 9920 7072 6f62 6573 2064 robe... probes d\n-00002fa0: 6576 6963 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f evice informatio\n-00002fb0: 6e20 666f 7220 6120 6769 7665 6e20 7061 n for a given pa\n-00002fc0: 7468 206f 720a 6465 7669 6365 2e0a 0a20 th or.device... \n-00002fd0: 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 202d grub-probe -\n-00002fe0: 2d74 6172 6765 743d 6673 202f 626f 6f74 -target=fs /boot\n-00002ff0: 2f67 7275 620a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d /grub. grub-\n-00003000: 7072 6f62 6520 2d2d 7461 7267 6574 3d64 probe --target=d\n-00003010: 7269 7665 202d 2d64 6576 6963 6520 2f64 rive --device /d\n-00003020: 6576 2f73 6461 310a 0a20 2020 e280 9867 ev/sda1.. ...g\n-00003030: 7275 622d 7072 6f62 65e2 8099 206d 7573 rub-probe... mus\n-00003040: 7420 6265 2067 6976 656e 2061 2070 6174 t be given a pat\n-00003050: 6820 6f72 2064 6576 6963 6520 6173 2061 h or device as a\n-00003060: 206e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 696f 6e20 6172 6775 non-option argu\n-00003070: 6d65 6e74 2c0a 616e 6420 616c 736f 2061 ment,.and also a\n-00003080: 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f ccepts the follo\n-00003090: 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 wing options:...\n-000030a0: 8098 2d2d 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 2020 ..--help.... \n-000030b0: 2050 7269 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 7279 Print a summary\n-000030c0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d of the command-\n-000030d0: 6c69 6e65 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 line options and\n-000030e0: 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 6572 exit......--ver\n-000030f0: 7369 6f6e e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 sion.... Pri\n-00003100: 6e74 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e nt the version n\n-00003110: 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 616e umber of GRUB an\n-00003120: 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d64 e280 d exit......-d..\n-00003130: 990a e280 982d 2d64 6576 6963 65e2 8099 .....--device...\n-00003140: 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6f70 . If this op\n-00003150: 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c 2074 tion is given, t\n-00003160: 6865 6e20 7468 6520 6e6f 6e2d 6f70 7469 hen the non-opti\n-00003170: 6f6e 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 6973 2061 on argument is a\n-00003180: 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2064 6576 system. dev\n-00003190: 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2028 7375 6368 2061 ice name (such a\n-000031a0: 7320 e280 982f 6465 762f 7364 6131 e280 s .../dev/sda1..\n-000031b0: 9929 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9867 7275 622d .), and ...grub-\n-000031c0: 7072 6f62 65e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 7072 probe... will pr\n-000031d0: 696e 740a 2020 2020 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 int. informa\n-000031e0: 7469 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 2074 6861 7420 tion about that \n-000031f0: 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2049 6620 6974 2069 device. If it i\n-00003200: 7320 6e6f 7420 6769 7665 6e2c 2074 6865 s not given, the\n-00003210: 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 206e 6f6e 2d6f n the. non-o\n-00003220: 7074 696f 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2069 ption argument i\n-00003230: 7320 6120 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 2070 s a filesystem p\n-00003240: 6174 6820 2873 7563 6820 6173 20e2 8098 ath (such as ...\n-00003250: 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 9929 2c0a /boot/grub...),.\n-00003260: 2020 2020 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6772 7562 and ...grub\n-00003270: 2d70 726f 6265 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2070 -probe... will p\n-00003280: 7269 6e74 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e rint information\n-00003290: 2061 626f 7574 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 about the devic\n-000032a0: 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 0a20 2020 e containing. \n-000032b0: 2020 7468 6174 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 that part of t\n-000032c0: 6865 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2e 0a0a he filesystem...\n-000032d0: e280 982d 6d20 4649 4c45 e280 990a e280 ...-m FILE......\n-000032e0: 982d 2d64 6576 6963 652d 6d61 703d 4649 .--device-map=FI\n-000032f0: 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 7365 2046 LE.... Use F\n-00003300: 494c 4520 6173 2074 6865 2064 6576 6963 ILE as the devic\n-00003310: 6520 6d61 7020 282a 6e6f 7465 2044 6576 e map (*note Dev\n-00003320: 6963 6520 6d61 703a 3a29 2072 6174 6865 ice map::) rathe\n-00003330: 7220 7468 616e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 r than the. \n-00003340: 6465 6661 756c 742c 2075 7375 616c 6c79 default, usually\n-00003350: 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 2f64 .../boot/grub/d\n-00003360: 6576 6963 652e 6d61 70e2 8099 2e0a 0ae2 evice.map.......\n-00003370: 8098 2d74 2054 4152 4745 54e2 8099 0ae2 ..-t TARGET.....\n-00003380: 8098 2d2d 7461 7267 6574 3d54 4152 4745 ..--target=TARGE\n-00003390: 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 T.... Print \n-000033a0: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 information abou\n-000033b0: 7420 7468 6520 6769 7665 6e20 7061 7468 t the given path\n-000033c0: 206f 7220 6465 7669 6365 2061 7320 6465 or device as de\n-000033d0: 6669 6e65 6420 6279 0a20 2020 2020 5441 fined by. TA\n-000033e0: 5247 4554 2e20 2054 6865 2061 7661 696c RGET. The avail\n-000033f0: 6162 6c65 2074 6172 6765 7473 2061 6e64 able targets and\n-00003400: 2074 6865 6972 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 7320 their meanings \n-00003410: 6172 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6673 are:.. ...fs\n-00003420: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 .... GR\n-00003430: 5542 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 6d6f UB filesystem mo\n-00003440: 6475 6c65 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6673 dule.. ...fs\n-00003450: 5f75 7569 64e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 _uuid.... \n-00003460: 2020 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 556e Filesystem Un\n-00003470: 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 7920 556e 6971 7565 iversally Unique\n-00003480: 2049 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7220 2855 5549 Identifier (UUI\n-00003490: 4429 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6673 5f6c D).. ...fs_l\n-000034a0: 6162 656c e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 abel.... \n-000034b0: 2020 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 206c 6162 Filesystem lab\n-000034c0: 656c 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6472 6976 el.. ...driv\n-000034d0: 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2047 e.... G\n-000034e0: 5255 4220 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 652e RUB device name.\n-000034f0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9864 6576 6963 65e2 . ...device.\n-00003500: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 7973 ... Sys\n-00003510: 7465 6d20 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 652e tem device name.\n-00003520: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9870 6172 746d 6170 . ...partmap\n-00003530: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 .... GR\n-00003540: 5542 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206d 6170 UB partition map\n-00003550: 206d 6f64 756c 652e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 module.. ..\n-00003560: 9861 6273 7472 6163 7469 6f6e e280 990a .abstraction....\n-00003570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 5542 2061 GRUB a\n-00003580: 6273 7472 6163 7469 6f6e 206d 6f64 756c bstraction modul\n-00003590: 6520 2865 2e67 2e20 20e2 8098 6c76 6de2 e (e.g. ...lvm.\n-000035a0: 8099 292e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9863 7279 ..).. ...cry\n-000035b0: 7074 6f64 6973 6b5f 7575 6964 e280 990a ptodisk_uuid....\n-000035c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4372 7970 746f Crypto\n-000035d0: 2064 6576 6963 6520 5555 4944 2e0a 2020 device UUID.. \n-000035e0: 2020 20e2 8098 6d73 646f 735f 7061 7274 ...msdos_part\n-000035f0: 7479 7065 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 type.... \n-00003600: 2020 4d42 5220 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 MBR partition \n-00003610: 7479 7065 2063 6f64 6520 2874 776f 2068 type code (two h\n-00003620: 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c 2064 6967 6974 exadecimal digit\n-00003630: 7329 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6869 6e74 s).. ...hint\n-00003640: 735f 7374 7269 6e67 e280 990a 2020 2020 s_string.... \n-00003650: 2020 2020 2020 4120 7374 7269 6e67 206f A string o\n-00003660: 6620 706c 6174 666f 726d 2073 6561 7263 f platform searc\n-00003670: 6820 6869 6e74 7320 7375 6974 6162 6c65 h hints suitable\n-00003680: 2066 6f72 2070 6173 7369 6e67 2074 6f20 for passing to \n-00003690: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 the. ..\n-000036a0: 9873 6561 7263 68e2 8099 2063 6f6d 6d61 .search... comma\n-000036b0: 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7365 6172 6368 nd (*note search\n-000036c0: 3a3a 292e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9862 696f ::).. ...bio\n-000036d0: 735f 6869 6e74 73e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 s_hints.... \n-000036e0: 2020 2020 2053 6561 7263 6820 6869 6e74 Search hint\n-000036f0: 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 5043 2042 494f s for the PC BIO\n-00003700: 5320 706c 6174 666f 726d 2e0a 2020 2020 S platform.. \n-00003710: 20e2 8098 6965 6565 3132 3735 5f68 696e ...ieee1275_hin\n-00003720: 7473 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ts.... \n-00003730: 5365 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 2066 6f72 Search hints for\n-00003740: 2074 6865 2049 4545 4531 3237 3520 706c the IEEE1275 pl\n-00003750: 6174 666f 726d 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 atform.. ...\n-00003760: 6261 7265 6d65 7461 6c5f 6869 6e74 73e2 baremetal_hints.\n-00003770: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6561 ... Sea\n-00003780: 7263 6820 6869 6e74 7320 666f 7220 706c rch hints for pl\n-00003790: 6174 666f 726d 7320 7768 6572 6520 6469 atforms where di\n-000037a0: 736b 7320 6172 6520 6164 6472 6573 7365 sks are addresse\n-000037b0: 6420 6469 7265 6374 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 d directly. \n-000037c0: 2020 2020 2072 6174 6865 7220 7468 616e rather than\n-000037d0: 2076 6961 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e 0a20 via firmware.. \n-000037e0: 2020 2020 e280 9865 6669 5f68 696e 7473 ...efi_hints\n-000037f0: e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 .... Se\n-00003800: 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 2066 6f72 2074 arch hints for t\n-00003810: 6865 2045 4649 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 6d2e he EFI platform.\n-00003820: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9861 7263 5f68 696e . ...arc_hin\n-00003830: 7473 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ts.... \n-00003840: 5365 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 2066 6f72 Search hints for\n-00003850: 2074 6865 2041 5243 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 the ARC platfor\n-00003860: 6d2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9863 6f6d 7061 m.. ...compa\n-00003870: 7469 6269 6c69 7479 5f68 696e 74e2 8099 tibility_hint...\n-00003880: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 2067 7565 . A gue\n-00003890: 7373 2061 7420 6120 7265 6173 6f6e 6162 ss at a reasonab\n-000038a0: 6c65 2047 5255 4220 6472 6976 6520 6e61 le GRUB drive na\n-000038b0: 6d65 2066 6f72 2074 6869 7320 6465 7669 me for this devi\n-000038c0: 6365 2c20 7768 6963 680a 2020 2020 2020 ce, which. \n-000038d0: 2020 2020 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 may be used \n-000038e0: 6173 2061 2066 616c 6c62 6163 6b20 6966 as a fallback if\n-000038f0: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 e280 the ...search..\n-00003900: 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6661 696c 732e . command fails.\n-00003910: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9864 6973 6be2 8099 . ...disk...\n-00003920: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 7973 7465 . Syste\n-00003930: 6d20 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 666f m device name fo\n-00003940: 7220 7468 6520 7768 6f6c 6520 6469 736b r the whole disk\n-00003950: 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d76 e280 990a e280 982d ......-v.......-\n-00003960: 2d76 6572 626f 7365 e280 990a 2020 2020 -verbose.... \n-00003970: 2050 7269 6e74 2076 6572 626f 7365 206d Print verbose m\n-00003980: 6573 7361 6765 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 essages.....File\n-00003990: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n-000039a0: 6465 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 de: Invoking gru\n-000039b0: 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 2c20 b-script-check, \n-000039c0: 2050 7265 763a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 Prev: Invoking \n-000039d0: 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 2c20 2055 703a grub-probe, Up:\n-000039e0: 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 696c User-space util\n-000039f0: 6974 6965 730a 0a32 342e 3820 496e 766f ities..24.8 Invo\n-00003a00: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7363 7269 7074 king grub-script\n-00003a10: 2d63 6865 636b 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d -check.=========\n+00002320: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6772 =====..The progr\n+00002330: 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 am ...grub-mount\n+00002340: e280 9920 7065 7266 6f72 6d73 2061 2072 ... performs a r\n+00002350: 6561 642d 6f6e 6c79 206d 6f75 6e74 206f ead-only mount o\n+00002360: 6620 616e 7920 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 f any file syste\n+00002370: 6d0a 6f72 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d m.or file system\n+00002380: 2069 6d61 6765 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 image that GRUB\n+00002390: 2075 6e64 6572 7374 616e 6473 2c20 7573 understands, us\n+000023a0: 696e 6720 4752 5542 2773 2066 696c 6520 ing GRUB's file \n+000023b0: 7379 7374 656d 0a64 7269 7665 7273 2076 system.drivers v\n+000023c0: 6961 2046 5553 452e 2028 4974 2069 7320 ia FUSE. (It is \n+000023d0: 6f6e 6c79 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2069 only available i\n+000023e0: 6620 4655 5345 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 f FUSE developme\n+000023f0: 6e74 2066 696c 6573 2077 6572 650a 7072 nt files were.pr\n+00002400: 6573 656e 7420 7768 656e 2047 5255 4220 esent when GRUB \n+00002410: 7761 7320 6275 696c 742e 2920 2054 6869 was built.) Thi\n+00002420: 7320 6861 7320 6120 6e75 6d62 6572 206f s has a number o\n+00002430: 6620 7573 6573 3a0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 f uses:.. ... \n+00002440: 4974 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 6120 636f It provides a co\n+00002450: 6e76 656e 6965 6e74 2077 6179 2074 6f20 nvenient way to \n+00002460: 6368 6563 6b20 686f 7720 4752 5542 2077 check how GRUB w\n+00002470: 696c 6c20 7669 6577 2061 2066 696c 650a ill view a file.\n+00002480: 2020 2020 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6174 2062 system at b\n+00002490: 6f6f 7420 7469 6d65 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 oot time. You c\n+000024a0: 616e 2075 7365 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 636f an use normal co\n+000024b0: 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2074 6f6f 6c73 mmand-line tools\n+000024c0: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 7061 7265 to. compare\n+000024d0: 2074 6861 7420 7669 6577 2077 6974 6820 that view with \n+000024e0: 7468 6174 206f 6620 796f 7572 206f 7065 that of your ope\n+000024f0: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 206d rating system, m\n+00002500: 616b 696e 6720 6974 0a20 2020 2020 6561 aking it. ea\n+00002510: 7379 2074 6f20 6669 6e64 2062 7567 732e sy to find bugs.\n+00002520: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2049 7420 6f66 6665 .. ... It offe\n+00002530: 7273 2074 7275 6520 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c rs true read-onl\n+00002540: 7920 6d6f 756e 7473 2e20 204c 696e 7578 y mounts. Linux\n+00002550: 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6861 7665 2074 does not have t\n+00002560: 6865 7365 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6a6f hese for. jo\n+00002570: 7572 6e61 6c6c 696e 6720 6669 6c65 2073 urnalling file s\n+00002580: 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 6265 6361 7573 6520 ystems, because \n+00002590: 6974 2077 696c 6c20 616c 7761 7973 2061 it will always a\n+000025a0: 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 7265 706c 6179 ttempt to replay\n+000025b0: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6a6f 7572 6e61 . the journa\n+000025c0: 6c20 6174 206d 6f75 6e74 2074 696d 653b l at mount time;\n+000025d0: 2077 6869 6c65 2079 6f75 2063 616e 2074 while you can t\n+000025e0: 656d 706f 7261 7269 6c79 206d 6172 6b20 emporarily mark \n+000025f0: 7468 6520 626c 6f63 6b0a 2020 2020 2064 the block. d\n+00002600: 6576 6963 6520 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 evice read-only \n+00002610: 746f 2061 766f 6964 2074 6869 732c 2074 to avoid this, t\n+00002620: 6861 7420 6361 7573 6573 2074 6865 206d hat causes the m\n+00002630: 6f75 6e74 2074 6f20 6661 696c 2e0a 2020 ount to fail.. \n+00002640: 2020 2053 696e 6365 2047 5255 4220 696e Since GRUB in\n+00002650: 7465 6e74 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 636f 6e74 tentionally cont\n+00002660: 6169 6e73 206e 6f20 636f 6465 2066 6f72 ains no code for\n+00002670: 2077 7269 7469 6e67 2074 6f20 6669 6c65 writing to file\n+00002680: 0a20 2020 2020 7379 7374 656d 732c 2069 . systems, i\n+00002690: 7420 6361 6e20 6561 7369 6c79 2070 726f t can easily pro\n+000026a0: 7669 6465 2061 2067 7561 7261 6e74 6565 vide a guarantee\n+000026b0: 6420 7265 6164 2d6f 6e6c 7920 6d6f 756e d read-only moun\n+000026c0: 740a 2020 2020 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d t. mechanism\n+000026d0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 e280 a220 4974 2061 6c6c ... ... It all\n+000026e0: 6f77 7320 796f 7520 746f 2065 7861 6d69 ows you to exami\n+000026f0: 6e65 2061 6e79 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 ne any file syst\n+00002700: 656d 2074 6861 7420 4752 5542 2075 6e64 em that GRUB und\n+00002710: 6572 7374 616e 6473 0a20 2020 2020 7769 erstands. wi\n+00002720: 7468 6f75 7420 6e65 6564 696e 6720 746f thout needing to\n+00002730: 206c 6f61 6420 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c load additional\n+00002740: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 796f modules into yo\n+00002750: 7572 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 ur running. \n+00002760: 6b65 726e 656c 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6d61 kernel, which ma\n+00002770: 7920 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 696e 2063 y be useful in c\n+00002780: 6f6e 7374 7261 696e 6564 2065 6e76 6972 onstrained envir\n+00002790: 6f6e 6d65 6e74 7320 7375 6368 2061 730a onments such as.\n+000027a0: 2020 2020 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 732e installers.\n+000027b0: 0a0a 2020 20e2 80a2 2053 696e 6365 2069 .. ... Since i\n+000027c0: 7420 6361 6e20 6578 616d 696e 6520 6669 t can examine fi\n+000027d0: 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d20 696d 6167 6573 le system images\n+000027e0: 2028 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 6420 696e 2072 (contained in r\n+000027f0: 6567 756c 6172 0a20 2020 2020 6669 6c65 egular. file\n+00002800: 7329 206a 7573 7420 6173 2065 6173 696c s) just as easil\n+00002810: 7920 6173 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d y as file system\n+00002820: 7320 6f6e 2062 6c6f 636b 2064 6576 6963 s on block devic\n+00002830: 6573 2c20 796f 7520 6361 6e20 7573 650a es, you can use.\n+00002840: 2020 2020 2069 7420 746f 2069 6e73 7065 it to inspe\n+00002850: 6374 2061 6e79 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 ct any file syst\n+00002860: 656d 2069 6d61 6765 2074 6861 7420 4752 em image that GR\n+00002870: 5542 2075 6e64 6572 7374 616e 6473 2077 UB understands w\n+00002880: 6974 6820 6f6e 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 656e ith only. en\n+00002890: 6f75 6768 2070 7269 7669 6c65 6765 7320 ough privileges \n+000028a0: 746f 2075 7365 2046 5553 452c 2065 7665 to use FUSE, eve\n+000028b0: 6e20 6966 206e 6f62 6f64 7920 6861 7320 n if nobody has \n+000028c0: 7965 7420 7772 6974 7465 6e20 610a 2020 yet written a. \n+000028d0: 2020 2046 5553 4520 6d6f 6475 6c65 2073 FUSE module s\n+000028e0: 7065 6369 6669 6361 6c6c 7920 666f 7220 pecifically for \n+000028f0: 7468 6174 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d that file system\n+00002900: 2074 7970 652e 0a0a 2020 2055 7369 6e67 type... Using\n+00002910: 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 e280 ...grub-mount..\n+00002920: 9920 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6173 . is normally as\n+00002930: 2073 696d 706c 6520 6173 3a0a 0a20 2020 simple as:.. \n+00002940: 2020 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 202f 6465 grub-mount /de\n+00002950: 762f 7364 6131 202f 6d6e 740a 0a20 2020 v/sda1 /mnt.. \n+00002960: e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 74e2 8099 ...grub-mount...\n+00002970: 206d 7573 7420 6265 2067 6976 656e 206f must be given o\n+00002980: 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6d61 6765 ne or more image\n+00002990: 7320 616e 6420 6120 6d6f 756e 7420 706f s and a mount po\n+000029a0: 696e 7420 6173 0a6e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 696f int as.non-optio\n+000029b0: 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 2869 6620 n arguments (if \n+000029c0: 6974 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e20 6d6f 7265 it is given more\n+000029d0: 2074 6861 6e20 6f6e 6520 696d 6167 652c than one image,\n+000029e0: 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2074 7265 6174 0a74 it will treat.t\n+000029f0: 6865 6d20 6173 2061 2052 4149 4420 7365 hem as a RAID se\n+00002a00: 7429 2c20 616e 6420 616c 736f 2061 6363 t), and also acc\n+00002a10: 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 epts the followi\n+00002a20: 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 8098 ng options:.....\n+00002a30: 2d2d 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 --help.... P\n+00002a40: 7269 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 7279 206f rint a summary o\n+00002a50: 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 f the command-li\n+00002a60: 6e65 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 2065 ne options and e\n+00002a70: 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 6572 7369 xit......--versi\n+00002a80: 6f6e e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 on.... Print\n+00002a90: 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d the version num\n+00002aa0: 6265 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 616e 6420 ber of GRUB and \n+00002ab0: 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d43 e280 990a exit......-C....\n+00002ac0: e280 982d 2d63 7279 7074 6fe2 8099 0a20 ...--crypto.... \n+00002ad0: 2020 2020 4d6f 756e 7420 656e 6372 7970 Mount encryp\n+00002ae0: 7465 6420 6465 7669 6365 732c 2070 726f ted devices, pro\n+00002af0: 6d70 7469 6e67 2066 6f72 2061 2070 6173 mpting for a pas\n+00002b00: 7370 6872 6173 6520 6966 206e 6563 6573 sphrase if neces\n+00002b10: 7361 7279 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d64 2053 5452 sary......-d STR\n+00002b20: 494e 47e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6465 6275 ING.......--debu\n+00002b30: 673d 5354 5249 4e47 e280 990a 2020 2020 g=STRING.... \n+00002b40: 2053 686f 7720 6465 6275 6767 696e 6720 Show debugging \n+00002b50: 6f75 7470 7574 2066 6f72 2063 6f6e 6469 output for condi\n+00002b60: 7469 6f6e 7320 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 2053 tions matching S\n+00002b70: 5452 494e 472e 0a0a e280 982d 4b20 7072 TRING......-K pr\n+00002b80: 6f6d 7074 7c46 494c 45e2 8099 0ae2 8098 ompt|FILE.......\n+00002b90: 2d2d 7a66 732d 6b65 793d 7072 6f6d 7074 --zfs-key=prompt\n+00002ba0: 7c46 494c 45e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4c6f |FILE.... Lo\n+00002bb0: 6164 2061 205a 4653 2065 6e63 7279 7074 ad a ZFS encrypt\n+00002bc0: 696f 6e20 6b65 792e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 ion key. If you\n+00002bd0: 2075 7365 20e2 8098 7072 6f6d 7074 e280 use ...prompt..\n+00002be0: 9920 6173 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d 656e . as the argumen\n+00002bf0: 742c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9867 7275 622d t,. ...grub-\n+00002c00: 6d6f 756e 74e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 7265 mount... will re\n+00002c10: 6164 2061 2070 6173 7370 6872 6173 6520 ad a passphrase \n+00002c20: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 from the termina\n+00002c30: 6c3b 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c0a 2020 l; otherwise,. \n+00002c40: 2020 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2072 6561 6420 it will read \n+00002c50: 6b65 7920 6d61 7465 7269 616c 2066 726f key material fro\n+00002c60: 6d20 7468 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 m the specified \n+00002c70: 6669 6c65 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d72 2044 4556 file......-r DEV\n+00002c80: 4943 45e2 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d 726f 6f74 ICE.......--root\n+00002c90: 3d44 4556 4943 45e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 =DEVICE.... \n+00002ca0: 5365 7420 7468 6520 4752 5542 2072 6f6f Set the GRUB roo\n+00002cb0: 7420 6465 7669 6365 2074 6f20 4445 5649 t device to DEVI\n+00002cc0: 4345 2e20 2059 6f75 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 CE. You do not \n+00002cd0: 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 206e 6565 6420 746f normally need to\n+00002ce0: 0a20 2020 2020 7365 7420 7468 6973 3b20 . set this; \n+00002cf0: e280 9867 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 74e2 8099 ...grub-mount...\n+00002d00: 2077 696c 6c20 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 will automatica\n+00002d10: 6c6c 7920 7365 7420 7468 6520 726f 6f74 lly set the root\n+00002d20: 2064 6576 6963 6520 746f 0a20 2020 2020 device to. \n+00002d30: 7468 6520 726f 6f74 206f 6620 7468 6520 the root of the \n+00002d40: 7375 7070 6c69 6564 2066 696c 6520 7379 supplied file sy\n+00002d50: 7374 656d 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2044 stem... If D\n+00002d60: 4556 4943 4520 6973 206a 7573 7420 6120 EVICE is just a \n+00002d70: 6e75 6d62 6572 2c20 7468 656e 2069 7420 number, then it \n+00002d80: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7472 6561 7465 6420 will be treated \n+00002d90: 6173 2061 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 0a20 as a partition. \n+00002da0: 2020 2020 6e75 6d62 6572 2077 6974 6869 number withi\n+00002db0: 6e20 7468 6520 7375 7070 6c69 6564 2069 n the supplied i\n+00002dc0: 6d61 6765 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e mage. This mean\n+00002dd0: 7320 7468 6174 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 2068 s that, if you h\n+00002de0: 6176 6520 616e 0a20 2020 2020 696d 6167 ave an. imag\n+00002df0: 6520 6f66 2061 6e20 656e 7469 7265 2064 e of an entire d\n+00002e00: 6973 6b20 696e 20e2 8098 6469 736b 2e69 isk in ...disk.i\n+00002e10: 6d67 e280 992c 2074 6865 6e20 796f 7520 mg..., then you \n+00002e20: 6361 6e20 7573 6520 7468 6973 0a20 2020 can use this. \n+00002e30: 2020 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 746f 206d 6f75 command to mou\n+00002e40: 6e74 2069 7473 2073 6563 6f6e 6420 7061 nt its second pa\n+00002e50: 7274 6974 696f 6e3a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 rtition:.. \n+00002e60: 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 202d grub-mount -\n+00002e70: 7220 3220 6469 736b 2e69 6d67 206d 6f75 r 2 disk.img mou\n+00002e80: 6e74 2d70 6f69 6e74 0a0a e280 982d 76e2 nt-point.....-v.\n+00002e90: 8099 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7665 7262 6f73 65e2 ......--verbose.\n+00002ea0: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e 7420 7665 ... Print ve\n+00002eb0: 7262 6f73 6520 6d65 7373 6167 6573 2e0a rbose messages..\n+00002ec0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+00002ed0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b fo, Node: Invok\n+00002ee0: 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 2c20 ing grub-probe, \n+00002ef0: 204e 6578 743a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 Next: Invoking \n+00002f00: 6772 7562 2d73 6372 6970 742d 6368 6563 grub-script-chec\n+00002f10: 6b2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 k, Prev: Invoki\n+00002f20: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 742c 2020 ng grub-mount, \n+00002f30: 5570 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 Up: User-space u\n+00002f40: 7469 6c69 7469 6573 0a0a 3234 2e37 2049 tilities..24.7 I\n+00002f50: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d70 726f nvoking grub-pro\n+00002f60: 6265 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d be.=============\n+00002f70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 ===========..The\n+00002f80: 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 6772 7562 program ...grub\n+00002f90: 2d70 726f 6265 e280 9920 7072 6f62 6573 -probe... probes\n+00002fa0: 2064 6576 6963 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 device informat\n+00002fb0: 696f 6e20 666f 7220 6120 6769 7665 6e20 ion for a given \n+00002fc0: 7061 7468 206f 720a 6465 7669 6365 2e0a path or.device..\n+00002fd0: 0a20 2020 2020 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 . grub-probe\n+00002fe0: 202d 2d74 6172 6765 743d 6673 202f 626f --target=fs /bo\n+00002ff0: 6f74 2f67 7275 620a 2020 2020 2067 7275 ot/grub. gru\n+00003000: 622d 7072 6f62 6520 2d2d 7461 7267 6574 b-probe --target\n+00003010: 3d64 7269 7665 202d 2d64 6576 6963 6520 =drive --device \n+00003020: 2f64 6576 2f73 6461 310a 0a20 2020 e280 /dev/sda1.. ..\n+00003030: 9867 7275 622d 7072 6f62 65e2 8099 206d .grub-probe... m\n+00003040: 7573 7420 6265 2067 6976 656e 2061 2070 ust be given a p\n+00003050: 6174 6820 6f72 2064 6576 6963 6520 6173 ath or device as\n+00003060: 2061 206e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 696f 6e20 6172 a non-option ar\n+00003070: 6775 6d65 6e74 2c0a 616e 6420 616c 736f gument,.and also\n+00003080: 2061 6363 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c accepts the fol\n+00003090: 6c6f 7769 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a lowing options:.\n+000030a0: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 ....--help.... \n+000030b0: 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 Print a summa\n+000030c0: 7279 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e ry of the comman\n+000030d0: 642d 6c69 6e65 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 d-line options a\n+000030e0: 6e64 2065 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 nd exit......--v\n+000030f0: 6572 7369 6f6e e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 ersion.... P\n+00003100: 7269 6e74 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e rint the version\n+00003110: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 number of GRUB \n+00003120: 616e 6420 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d64 and exit......-d\n+00003130: e280 990a e280 982d 2d64 6576 6963 65e2 .......--device.\n+00003140: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 ... If this \n+00003150: 6f70 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6769 7665 6e2c option is given,\n+00003160: 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 6e6f 6e2d 6f70 then the non-op\n+00003170: 7469 6f6e 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 6973 tion argument is\n+00003180: 2061 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2020 2020 2064 a system. d\n+00003190: 6576 6963 6520 6e61 6d65 2028 7375 6368 evice name (such\n+000031a0: 2061 7320 e280 982f 6465 762f 7364 6131 as .../dev/sda1\n+000031b0: e280 9929 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9867 7275 ...), and ...gru\n+000031c0: 622d 7072 6f62 65e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 b-probe... will \n+000031d0: 7072 696e 740a 2020 2020 2069 6e66 6f72 print. infor\n+000031e0: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 2074 6861 mation about tha\n+000031f0: 7420 6465 7669 6365 2e20 2049 6620 6974 t device. If it\n+00003200: 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 6769 7665 6e2c 2074 is not given, t\n+00003210: 6865 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 206e 6f6e hen the. non\n+00003220: 2d6f 7074 696f 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 -option argument\n+00003230: 2069 7320 6120 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d is a filesystem\n+00003240: 2070 6174 6820 2873 7563 6820 6173 20e2 path (such as .\n+00003250: 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 e280 9929 ../boot/grub...)\n+00003260: 2c0a 2020 2020 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6772 ,. and ...gr\n+00003270: 7562 2d70 726f 6265 e280 9920 7769 6c6c ub-probe... will\n+00003280: 2070 7269 6e74 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 print informati\n+00003290: 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 2074 6865 2064 6576 on about the dev\n+000032a0: 6963 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 0a20 ice containing. \n+000032b0: 2020 2020 7468 6174 2070 6172 7420 6f66 that part of\n+000032c0: 2074 6865 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d2e the filesystem.\n+000032d0: 0a0a e280 982d 6d20 4649 4c45 e280 990a .....-m FILE....\n+000032e0: e280 982d 2d64 6576 6963 652d 6d61 703d ...--device-map=\n+000032f0: 4649 4c45 e280 990a 2020 2020 2055 7365 FILE.... Use\n+00003300: 2046 494c 4520 6173 2074 6865 2064 6576 FILE as the dev\n+00003310: 6963 6520 6d61 7020 282a 6e6f 7465 2044 ice map (*note D\n+00003320: 6576 6963 6520 6d61 703a 3a29 2072 6174 evice map::) rat\n+00003330: 6865 7220 7468 616e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 her than the. \n+00003340: 2020 6465 6661 756c 742c 2075 7375 616c default, usual\n+00003350: 6c79 20e2 8098 2f62 6f6f 742f 6772 7562 ly .../boot/grub\n+00003360: 2f64 6576 6963 652e 6d61 70e2 8099 2e0a /device.map.....\n+00003370: 0ae2 8098 2d74 2054 4152 4745 54e2 8099 ....-t TARGET...\n+00003380: 0ae2 8098 2d2d 7461 7267 6574 3d54 4152 ....--target=TAR\n+00003390: 4745 54e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 5072 696e GET.... Prin\n+000033a0: 7420 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6162 t information ab\n+000033b0: 6f75 7420 7468 6520 6769 7665 6e20 7061 out the given pa\n+000033c0: 7468 206f 7220 6465 7669 6365 2061 7320 th or device as \n+000033d0: 6465 6669 6e65 6420 6279 0a20 2020 2020 defined by. \n+000033e0: 5441 5247 4554 2e20 2054 6865 2061 7661 TARGET. The ava\n+000033f0: 696c 6162 6c65 2074 6172 6765 7473 2061 ilable targets a\n+00003400: 6e64 2074 6865 6972 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 nd their meaning\n+00003410: 7320 6172 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 s are:.. ...\n+00003420: 6673 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 fs.... \n+00003430: 4752 5542 2066 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 GRUB filesystem \n+00003440: 6d6f 6475 6c65 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 module.. ...\n+00003450: 6673 5f75 7569 64e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 fs_uuid.... \n+00003460: 2020 2020 2046 696c 6573 7973 7465 6d20 Filesystem \n+00003470: 556e 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 7920 556e 6971 Universally Uniq\n+00003480: 7565 2049 6465 6e74 6966 6965 7220 2855 ue Identifier (U\n+00003490: 5549 4429 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6673 UID).. ...fs\n+000034a0: 5f6c 6162 656c e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 _label.... \n+000034b0: 2020 2020 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 206c Filesystem l\n+000034c0: 6162 656c 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6472 abel.. ...dr\n+000034d0: 6976 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ive.... \n+000034e0: 2047 5255 4220 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d GRUB device nam\n+000034f0: 652e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9864 6576 6963 e.. ...devic\n+00003500: 65e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 e.... S\n+00003510: 7973 7465 6d20 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d ystem device nam\n+00003520: 652e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9870 6172 746d e.. ...partm\n+00003530: 6170 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ap.... \n+00003540: 4752 5542 2070 6172 7469 7469 6f6e 206d GRUB partition m\n+00003550: 6170 206d 6f64 756c 652e 0a20 2020 2020 ap module.. \n+00003560: e280 9861 6273 7472 6163 7469 6f6e e280 ...abstraction..\n+00003570: 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4752 5542 .. GRUB\n+00003580: 2061 6273 7472 6163 7469 6f6e 206d 6f64 abstraction mod\n+00003590: 756c 6520 2865 2e67 2e20 20e2 8098 6c76 ule (e.g. ...lv\n+000035a0: 6de2 8099 292e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9863 m...).. ...c\n+000035b0: 7279 7074 6f64 6973 6b5f 7575 6964 e280 ryptodisk_uuid..\n+000035c0: 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4372 7970 .. Cryp\n+000035d0: 746f 2064 6576 6963 6520 5555 4944 2e0a to device UUID..\n+000035e0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6d73 646f 735f 7061 ...msdos_pa\n+000035f0: 7274 7479 7065 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 rttype.... \n+00003600: 2020 2020 4d42 5220 7061 7274 6974 696f MBR partitio\n+00003610: 6e20 7479 7065 2063 6f64 6520 2874 776f n type code (two\n+00003620: 2068 6578 6164 6563 696d 616c 2064 6967 hexadecimal dig\n+00003630: 6974 7329 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6869 its).. ...hi\n+00003640: 6e74 735f 7374 7269 6e67 e280 990a 2020 nts_string.... \n+00003650: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4120 7374 7269 6e67 A string\n+00003660: 206f 6620 706c 6174 666f 726d 2073 6561 of platform sea\n+00003670: 7263 6820 6869 6e74 7320 7375 6974 6162 rch hints suitab\n+00003680: 6c65 2066 6f72 2070 6173 7369 6e67 2074 le for passing t\n+00003690: 6f20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 o the. \n+000036a0: e280 9873 6561 7263 68e2 8099 2063 6f6d ...search... com\n+000036b0: 6d61 6e64 2028 2a6e 6f74 6520 7365 6172 mand (*note sear\n+000036c0: 6368 3a3a 292e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9862 ch::).. ...b\n+000036d0: 696f 735f 6869 6e74 73e2 8099 0a20 2020 ios_hints.... \n+000036e0: 2020 2020 2020 2053 6561 7263 6820 6869 Search hi\n+000036f0: 6e74 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 5043 2042 nts for the PC B\n+00003700: 494f 5320 706c 6174 666f 726d 2e0a 2020 IOS platform.. \n+00003710: 2020 20e2 8098 6965 6565 3132 3735 5f68 ...ieee1275_h\n+00003720: 696e 7473 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ints.... \n+00003730: 2020 5365 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 2066 Search hints f\n+00003740: 6f72 2074 6865 2049 4545 4531 3237 3520 or the IEEE1275 \n+00003750: 706c 6174 666f 726d 2e0a 2020 2020 20e2 platform.. .\n+00003760: 8098 6261 7265 6d65 7461 6c5f 6869 6e74 ..baremetal_hint\n+00003770: 73e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 s.... S\n+00003780: 6561 7263 6820 6869 6e74 7320 666f 7220 earch hints for \n+00003790: 706c 6174 666f 726d 7320 7768 6572 6520 platforms where \n+000037a0: 6469 736b 7320 6172 6520 6164 6472 6573 disks are addres\n+000037b0: 7365 6420 6469 7265 6374 6c79 0a20 2020 sed directly. \n+000037c0: 2020 2020 2020 2072 6174 6865 7220 7468 rather th\n+000037d0: 616e 2076 6961 2066 6972 6d77 6172 652e an via firmware.\n+000037e0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9865 6669 5f68 696e . ...efi_hin\n+000037f0: 7473 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ts.... \n+00003800: 5365 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 2066 6f72 Search hints for\n+00003810: 2074 6865 2045 4649 2070 6c61 7466 6f72 the EFI platfor\n+00003820: 6d2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9861 7263 5f68 m.. ...arc_h\n+00003830: 696e 7473 e280 990a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ints.... \n+00003840: 2020 5365 6172 6368 2068 696e 7473 2066 Search hints f\n+00003850: 6f72 2074 6865 2041 5243 2070 6c61 7466 or the ARC platf\n+00003860: 6f72 6d2e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9863 6f6d orm.. ...com\n+00003870: 7061 7469 6269 6c69 7479 5f68 696e 74e2 patibility_hint.\n+00003880: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2041 2067 ... A g\n+00003890: 7565 7373 2061 7420 6120 7265 6173 6f6e uess at a reason\n+000038a0: 6162 6c65 2047 5255 4220 6472 6976 6520 able GRUB drive \n+000038b0: 6e61 6d65 2066 6f72 2074 6869 7320 6465 name for this de\n+000038c0: 7669 6365 2c20 7768 6963 680a 2020 2020 vice, which. \n+000038d0: 2020 2020 2020 6d61 7920 6265 2075 7365 may be use\n+000038e0: 6420 6173 2061 2066 616c 6c62 6163 6b20 d as a fallback \n+000038f0: 6966 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7365 6172 6368 if the ...search\n+00003900: e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 6661 696c ... command fail\n+00003910: 732e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9864 6973 6be2 s.. ...disk.\n+00003920: 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 7973 ... Sys\n+00003930: 7465 6d20 6465 7669 6365 206e 616d 6520 tem device name \n+00003940: 666f 7220 7468 6520 7768 6f6c 6520 6469 for the whole di\n+00003950: 736b 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d76 e280 990a e280 sk......-v......\n+00003960: 982d 2d76 6572 626f 7365 e280 990a 2020 .--verbose.... \n+00003970: 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2076 6572 626f 7365 Print verbose\n+00003980: 206d 6573 7361 6765 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 messages.....Fi\n+00003990: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n+000039a0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 Node: Invoking g\n+000039b0: 7275 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b rub-script-check\n+000039c0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e , Prev: Invokin\n+000039d0: 6720 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 2c20 2055 g grub-probe, U\n+000039e0: 703a 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 p: User-space ut\n+000039f0: 696c 6974 6965 730a 0a32 342e 3820 496e ilities..24.8 In\n+00003a00: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7363 7269 voking grub-scri\n+00003a10: 7074 2d63 6865 636b 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d pt-check.=======\n 00003a20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00003a30: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7072 6f67 ======..The prog\n-00003a40: 7261 6d20 e280 9867 7275 622d 7363 7269 ram ...grub-scri\n-00003a50: 7074 2d63 6865 636b e280 9920 7461 6b65 pt-check... take\n-00003a60: 7320 6120 4752 5542 2073 6372 6970 7420 s a GRUB script \n-00003a70: 6669 6c65 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 5368 656c file (*note.Shel\n-00003a80: 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 l-like scripting\n-00003a90: 3a3a 2920 616e 6420 6368 6563 6b73 2069 ::) and checks i\n-00003aa0: 7420 666f 7220 7379 6e74 6178 2065 7272 t for syntax err\n-00003ab0: 6f72 732c 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 6f0a ors, similar to.\n-00003ac0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2073 7563 6820 6173 commands such as\n-00003ad0: 20e2 8098 7368 202d 6ee2 8099 2e20 2049 ...sh -n.... I\n-00003ae0: 7420 6d61 7920 7461 6b65 2061 2050 4154 t may take a PAT\n-00003af0: 4820 6173 2061 206e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 696f H as a non-optio\n-00003b00: 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 3b0a 6966 206e n argument;.if n\n-00003b10: 6f6e 6520 6973 2073 7570 706c 6965 642c one is supplied,\n-00003b20: 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2072 6561 6420 6672 it will read fr\n-00003b30: 6f6d 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 696e 7075 om standard inpu\n-00003b40: 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d 7363 t... grub-sc\n-00003b50: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 202f 626f 6f74 ript-check /boot\n-00003b60: 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 0a0a /grub/grub.cfg..\n-00003b70: 2020 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d73 6372 6970 ...grub-scrip\n-00003b80: 742d 6368 6563 6be2 8099 2061 6363 6570 t-check... accep\n-00003b90: 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 ts the following\n-00003ba0: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 8098 2d2d options:.....--\n-00003bb0: 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 help.... Pri\n-00003bc0: 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 7279 206f 6620 nt a summary of \n-00003bd0: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 the command-line\n-00003be0: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 2065 7869 options and exi\n-00003bf0: 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e t......--version\n-00003c00: e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2074 .... Print t\n-00003c10: 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 he version numbe\n-00003c20: 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 616e 6420 6578 r of GRUB and ex\n-00003c30: 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d76 e280 990a e280 it......-v......\n-00003c40: 982d 2d76 6572 626f 7365 e280 990a 2020 .--verbose.... \n-00003c50: 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2065 6163 6820 6c69 Print each li\n-00003c60: 6e65 206f 6620 696e 7075 7420 6166 7465 ne of input afte\n-00003c70: 7220 7265 6164 696e 6720 6974 2e0a 0a1f r reading it....\n-00003c80: 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e 666f .File: grub.info\n-00003c90: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204f 6274 6169 6e69 , Node: Obtaini\n-00003ca0: 6e67 2061 6e64 2042 7569 6c64 696e 6720 ng and Building \n-00003cb0: 4752 5542 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2052 6570 GRUB, Next: Rep\n-00003cc0: 6f72 7469 6e67 2062 7567 732c 2020 5072 orting bugs, Pr\n-00003cd0: 6576 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 2075 ev: User-space u\n-00003ce0: 7469 6c69 7469 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2054 tilities, Up: T\n-00003cf0: 6f70 0a0a 4170 7065 6e64 6978 2041 2048 op..Appendix A H\n-00003d00: 6f77 2074 6f20 6f62 7461 696e 2061 6e64 ow to obtain and\n-00003d10: 2062 7569 6c64 2047 5255 420a 2a2a 2a2a build GRUB.****\n+00003a30: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7072 ========..The pr\n+00003a40: 6f67 7261 6d20 e280 9867 7275 622d 7363 ogram ...grub-sc\n+00003a50: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b e280 9920 7461 ript-check... ta\n+00003a60: 6b65 7320 6120 4752 5542 2073 6372 6970 kes a GRUB scrip\n+00003a70: 7420 6669 6c65 2028 2a6e 6f74 650a 5368 t file (*note.Sh\n+00003a80: 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 ell-like scripti\n+00003a90: 6e67 3a3a 2920 616e 6420 6368 6563 6b73 ng::) and checks\n+00003aa0: 2069 7420 666f 7220 7379 6e74 6178 2065 it for syntax e\n+00003ab0: 7272 6f72 732c 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 rrors, similar t\n+00003ac0: 6f0a 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2073 7563 6820 o.commands such \n+00003ad0: 6173 20e2 8098 7368 202d 6ee2 8099 2e20 as ...sh -n.... \n+00003ae0: 2049 7420 6d61 7920 7461 6b65 2061 2050 It may take a P\n+00003af0: 4154 4820 6173 2061 206e 6f6e 2d6f 7074 ATH as a non-opt\n+00003b00: 696f 6e20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 3b0a 6966 ion argument;.if\n+00003b10: 206e 6f6e 6520 6973 2073 7570 706c 6965 none is supplie\n+00003b20: 642c 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2072 6561 6420 d, it will read \n+00003b30: 6672 6f6d 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 696e from standard in\n+00003b40: 7075 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2067 7275 622d put... grub-\n+00003b50: 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 202f 626f script-check /bo\n+00003b60: 6f74 2f67 7275 622f 6772 7562 2e63 6667 ot/grub/grub.cfg\n+00003b70: 0a0a 2020 20e2 8098 6772 7562 2d73 6372 .. ...grub-scr\n+00003b80: 6970 742d 6368 6563 6be2 8099 2061 6363 ipt-check... acc\n+00003b90: 6570 7473 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 epts the followi\n+00003ba0: 6e67 206f 7074 696f 6e73 3a0a 0ae2 8098 ng options:.....\n+00003bb0: 2d2d 6865 6c70 e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 --help.... P\n+00003bc0: 7269 6e74 2061 2073 756d 6d61 7279 206f rint a summary o\n+00003bd0: 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 642d 6c69 f the command-li\n+00003be0: 6e65 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 2065 ne options and e\n+00003bf0: 7869 742e 0a0a e280 982d 2d76 6572 7369 xit......--versi\n+00003c00: 6f6e e280 990a 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 on.... Print\n+00003c10: 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d the version num\n+00003c20: 6265 7220 6f66 2047 5255 4220 616e 6420 ber of GRUB and \n+00003c30: 6578 6974 2e0a 0ae2 8098 2d76 e280 990a exit......-v....\n+00003c40: e280 982d 2d76 6572 626f 7365 e280 990a ...--verbose....\n+00003c50: 2020 2020 2050 7269 6e74 2065 6163 6820 Print each \n+00003c60: 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 696e 7075 7420 6166 line of input af\n+00003c70: 7465 7220 7265 6164 696e 6720 6974 2e0a ter reading it..\n+00003c80: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2067 7275 622e 696e ...File: grub.in\n+00003c90: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204f 6274 6169 fo, Node: Obtai\n+00003ca0: 6e69 6e67 2061 6e64 2042 7569 6c64 696e ning and Buildin\n+00003cb0: 6720 4752 5542 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2052 g GRUB, Next: R\n+00003cc0: 6570 6f72 7469 6e67 2062 7567 732c 2020 eporting bugs, \n+00003cd0: 5072 6576 3a20 5573 6572 2d73 7061 6365 Prev: User-space\n+00003ce0: 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 2c20 2055 703a utilities, Up:\n+00003cf0: 2054 6f70 0a0a 4170 7065 6e64 6978 2041 Top..Appendix A\n+00003d00: 2048 6f77 2074 6f20 6f62 7461 696e 2061 How to obtain a\n+00003d10: 6e64 2062 7569 6c64 2047 5255 420a 2a2a nd build GRUB.**\n 00003d20: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n 00003d30: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00003d40: 2a2a 2a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2a43 6175 7469 ***.. *Cauti\n-00003d50: 6f6e 3a2a 2047 5255 4220 7265 7175 6972 on:* GRUB requir\n-00003d60: 6573 2062 696e 7574 696c 732d 322e 392e es binutils-2.9.\n-00003d70: 312e 302e 3233 206f 7220 6c61 7465 7220 1.0.23 or later \n-00003d80: 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 650a 2020 2020 because the. \n-00003d90: 2047 4e55 2061 7373 656d 626c 6572 2068 GNU assembler h\n-00003da0: 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6368 616e 6765 6420 as been changed \n-00003db0: 736f 2074 6861 7420 6974 2063 616e 2070 so that it can p\n-00003dc0: 726f 6475 6365 2072 6561 6c20 3136 6269 roduce real 16bi\n-00003dd0: 7473 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6368 696e 6520 ts. machine \n-00003de0: 636f 6465 2062 6574 7765 656e 2032 2e39 code between 2.9\n-00003df0: 2e31 2061 6e64 2032 2e39 2e31 2e30 2e78 .1 and 2.9.1.0.x\n-00003e00: 2e20 2053 6565 0a20 2020 2020 3c68 7474 . See. , to obtain inf\n-00003e40: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 686f 770a ormation on how.\n-00003e50: 2020 2020 2074 6f20 6765 7420 7468 6520 to get the \n-00003e60: 6c61 7465 7374 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2e0a latest version..\n-00003e70: 0a20 2020 4752 5542 2069 7320 6176 6169 . GRUB is avai\n-00003e80: 6c61 626c 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2047 lable from the G\n-00003e90: 4e55 2061 6c70 6861 2061 7263 6869 7665 NU alpha archive\n-00003ea0: 2073 6974 650a 3c66 7470 3a2f 2f66 7470 site. or any of its\n-00003ed0: 206d 6972 726f 7273 2e20 2054 6865 2066 mirrors. The f\n-00003ee0: 696c 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 6e61 6d65 ile will be.name\n-00003ef0: 6420 6772 7562 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 2e74 d grub-version.t\n-00003f00: 6172 2e67 7a2e 2020 5468 6520 6375 7272 ar.gz. The curr\n-00003f10: 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6973 2032 ent version is 2\n-00003f20: 2e31 322c 2073 6f20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 .12, so the file\n-00003f30: 2079 6f75 0a73 686f 756c 6420 6772 6162 you.should grab\n-00003f40: 2069 733a 0a0a 2020 203c 6674 703a 2f2f is:.. .. To un\n-00003f80: 6275 6e64 6c65 2047 5255 4220 7573 6520 bundle GRUB use \n-00003f90: 7468 6520 696e 7374 7275 6374 696f 6e3a the instruction:\n-00003fa0: 0a0a 2020 2020 207a 6361 7420 6772 7562 .. zcat grub\n-00003fb0: 2d32 2e31 322e 7461 722e 677a 207c 2074 -2.12.tar.gz | t\n-00003fc0: 6172 2078 7666 202d 0a0a 2020 2077 6869 ar xvf -.. whi\n-00003fd0: 6368 2077 696c 6c20 6372 6561 7465 2061 ch will create a\n-00003fe0: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2063 616c 6c65 directory calle\n-00003ff0: 6420 e280 9867 7275 622d 322e 3132 e280 d ...grub-2.12..\n-00004000: 9920 7769 7468 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 0a73 . with all the.s\n-00004010: 6f75 7263 6573 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 616e ources. You can\n-00004020: 206c 6f6f 6b20 6174 2074 6865 2066 696c look at the fil\n-00004030: 6520 e280 9849 4e53 5441 4c4c e280 9920 e ...INSTALL... \n-00004040: 666f 7220 6465 7461 696c 6564 2069 6e73 for detailed ins\n-00004050: 7472 7563 7469 6f6e 730a 6f6e 2068 6f77 tructions.on how\n-00004060: 2074 6f20 6275 696c 6420 616e 6420 696e to build and in\n-00004070: 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2c20 6275 7420 stall GRUB, but \n-00004080: 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6162 you should be ab\n-00004090: 6c65 2074 6f20 6a75 7374 2064 6f3a 0a0a le to just do:..\n-000040a0: 2020 2020 2063 6420 6772 7562 2d32 2e31 cd grub-2.1\n-000040b0: 320a 2020 2020 202e 2f63 6f6e 6669 6775 2. ./configu\n-000040c0: 7265 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6b65 2069 6e73 re. make ins\n-000040d0: 7461 6c6c 0a0a 2020 2041 6c73 6f2c 2074 tall.. Also, t\n-000040e0: 6865 206c 6174 6573 7420 7665 7273 696f he latest versio\n-000040f0: 6e20 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2075 n is available u\n-00004100: 7369 6e67 2047 6974 2e20 2053 6565 0a3c sing Git. See.<\n-00004110: 6874 7470 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e67 6e75 2e6f http://www.gnu.o\n-00004120: 7267 2f73 6f66 7477 6172 652f 6772 7562 rg/software/grub\n-00004130: 2f67 7275 622d 646f 776e 6c6f 6164 2e68 /grub-download.h\n-00004140: 746d 6c3e 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 650a 696e tml> for more.in\n-00004150: 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 formation.....Fi\n-00004160: 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 le: grub.info, \n-00004170: 4e6f 6465 3a20 5265 706f 7274 696e 6720 Node: Reporting \n-00004180: 6275 6773 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2046 7574 bugs, Next: Fut\n-00004190: 7572 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4f62 7461 ure, Prev: Obta\n-000041a0: 696e 696e 6720 616e 6420 4275 696c 6469 ining and Buildi\n-000041b0: 6e67 2047 5255 422c 2020 5570 3a20 546f ng GRUB, Up: To\n-000041c0: 700a 0a41 7070 656e 6469 7820 4220 5265 p..Appendix B Re\n-000041d0: 706f 7274 696e 6720 6275 6773 0a2a 2a2a porting bugs.***\n+00003d40: 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2a43 6175 *****.. *Cau\n+00003d50: 7469 6f6e 3a2a 2047 5255 4220 7265 7175 tion:* GRUB requ\n+00003d60: 6972 6573 2062 696e 7574 696c 732d 322e ires binutils-2.\n+00003d70: 392e 312e 302e 3233 206f 7220 6c61 7465 9.1.0.23 or late\n+00003d80: 7220 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 650a 2020 r because the. \n+00003d90: 2020 2047 4e55 2061 7373 656d 626c 6572 GNU assembler\n+00003da0: 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6368 616e 6765 has been change\n+00003db0: 6420 736f 2074 6861 7420 6974 2063 616e d so that it can\n+00003dc0: 2070 726f 6475 6365 2072 6561 6c20 3136 produce real 16\n+00003dd0: 6269 7473 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6368 696e bits. machin\n+00003de0: 6520 636f 6465 2062 6574 7765 656e 2032 e code between 2\n+00003df0: 2e39 2e31 2061 6e64 2032 2e39 2e31 2e30 .9.1 and 2.9.1.0\n+00003e00: 2e78 2e20 2053 6565 0a20 2020 2020 3c68 .x. See. , to obtain i\n+00003e40: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 686f nformation on ho\n+00003e50: 770a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 6765 7420 7468 w. to get th\n+00003e60: 6520 6c61 7465 7374 2076 6572 7369 6f6e e latest version\n+00003e70: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4752 5542 2069 7320 6176 ... GRUB is av\n+00003e80: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 ailable from the\n+00003e90: 2047 4e55 2061 6c70 6861 2061 7263 6869 GNU alpha archi\n+00003ea0: 7665 2073 6974 650a 3c66 7470 3a2f 2f66 ve site. or any of i\n+00003ed0: 7473 206d 6972 726f 7273 2e20 2054 6865 ts mirrors. The\n+00003ee0: 2066 696c 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 6e61 file will be.na\n+00003ef0: 6d65 6420 6772 7562 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e med grub-version\n+00003f00: 2e74 6172 2e67 7a2e 2020 5468 6520 6375 .tar.gz. The cu\n+00003f10: 7272 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6973 rrent version is\n+00003f20: 2032 2e31 322c 2073 6f20 7468 6520 6669 2.12, so the fi\n+00003f30: 6c65 2079 6f75 0a73 686f 756c 6420 6772 le you.should gr\n+00003f40: 6162 2069 733a 0a0a 2020 203c 6674 703a ab is:.. .. To \n+00003f80: 756e 6275 6e64 6c65 2047 5255 4220 7573 unbundle GRUB us\n+00003f90: 6520 7468 6520 696e 7374 7275 6374 696f e the instructio\n+00003fa0: 6e3a 0a0a 2020 2020 207a 6361 7420 6772 n:.. zcat gr\n+00003fb0: 7562 2d32 2e31 322e 7461 722e 677a 207c ub-2.12.tar.gz |\n+00003fc0: 2074 6172 2078 7666 202d 0a0a 2020 2077 tar xvf -.. w\n+00003fd0: 6869 6368 2077 696c 6c20 6372 6561 7465 hich will create\n+00003fe0: 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2063 616c a directory cal\n+00003ff0: 6c65 6420 e280 9867 7275 622d 322e 3132 led ...grub-2.12\n+00004000: e280 9920 7769 7468 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 ... with all the\n+00004010: 0a73 6f75 7263 6573 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 .sources. You c\n+00004020: 616e 206c 6f6f 6b20 6174 2074 6865 2066 an look at the f\n+00004030: 696c 6520 e280 9849 4e53 5441 4c4c e280 ile ...INSTALL..\n+00004040: 9920 666f 7220 6465 7461 696c 6564 2069 . for detailed i\n+00004050: 6e73 7472 7563 7469 6f6e 730a 6f6e 2068 nstructions.on h\n+00004060: 6f77 2074 6f20 6275 696c 6420 616e 6420 ow to build and \n+00004070: 696e 7374 616c 6c20 4752 5542 2c20 6275 install GRUB, bu\n+00004080: 7420 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 t you should be \n+00004090: 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6a75 7374 2064 6f3a able to just do:\n+000040a0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2063 6420 6772 7562 2d32 .. cd grub-2\n+000040b0: 2e31 320a 2020 2020 202e 2f63 6f6e 6669 .12. ./confi\n+000040c0: 6775 7265 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6b65 2069 gure. make i\n+000040d0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 0a0a 2020 2041 6c73 6f2c nstall.. Also,\n+000040e0: 2074 6865 206c 6174 6573 7420 7665 7273 the latest vers\n+000040f0: 696f 6e20 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 ion is available\n+00004100: 2075 7369 6e67 2047 6974 2e20 2053 6565 using Git. See\n+00004110: 0a3c 6874 7470 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e67 6e75 . for more.\n+00004150: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a information.....\n+00004160: 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c File: grub.info,\n+00004170: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5265 706f 7274 696e Node: Reportin\n+00004180: 6720 6275 6773 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2046 g bugs, Next: F\n+00004190: 7574 7572 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4f62 uture, Prev: Ob\n+000041a0: 7461 696e 696e 6720 616e 6420 4275 696c taining and Buil\n+000041b0: 6469 6e67 2047 5255 422c 2020 5570 3a20 ding GRUB, Up: \n+000041c0: 546f 700a 0a41 7070 656e 6469 7820 4220 Top..Appendix B \n+000041d0: 5265 706f 7274 696e 6720 6275 6773 0a2a Reporting bugs.*\n 000041e0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-000041f0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 5468 6573 6520 6172 ******..These ar\n-00004200: 6520 7468 6520 6775 6964 656c 696e 6520 e the guideline \n-00004210: 666f 7220 686f 7720 746f 2072 6570 6f72 for how to repor\n-00004220: 7420 6275 6773 2e20 2054 616b 6520 6120 t bugs. Take a \n-00004230: 6c6f 6f6b 2061 7420 7468 6973 0a6c 6973 look at this.lis\n-00004240: 7420 6265 6c6f 7720 6265 666f 7265 2079 t below before y\n-00004250: 6f75 2073 7562 6d69 7420 6275 6773 3a0a ou submit bugs:.\n-00004260: 0a20 2031 2e20 4265 666f 7265 2067 6574 . 1. Before get\n-00004270: 7469 6e67 2075 6e73 6574 746c 6564 2c20 ting unsettled, \n-00004280: 7265 6164 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c read this manual\n-00004290: 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2061 6e64 2074 6872 through and thr\n-000042a0: 6f75 6768 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 6c73 6f2c ough.. Also,\n-000042b0: 2073 6565 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2047 5255 see the GNU GRU\n-000042c0: 4220 4641 510a 2020 2020 2028 6874 7470 B FAQ. (http\n-000042d0: 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e67 6e75 2e6f 7267 2f73 ://www.gnu.org/s\n-000042e0: 6f66 7477 6172 652f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 oftware/grub/gru\n-000042f0: 622d 6661 712e 6874 6d6c 292e 0a0a 2020 b-faq.html)... \n-00004300: 322e 2041 6c77 6179 7320 6d65 6e74 696f 2. Always mentio\n-00004310: 6e20 7468 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f n the informatio\n-00004320: 6e20 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 4752 5542 2e20 n on your GRUB. \n-00004330: 5468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 The version numb\n-00004340: 6572 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 er and. the \n-00004350: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6172 configuration ar\n-00004360: 6520 7175 6974 6520 696d 706f 7274 616e e quite importan\n-00004370: 742e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2062 7569 6c64 t. If you build\n-00004380: 2069 7420 796f 7572 7365 6c66 2c0a 2020 it yourself,. \n-00004390: 2020 2077 7269 7465 2074 6865 206f 7074 write the opt\n-000043a0: 696f 6e73 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2074 ions specified t\n-000043b0: 6f20 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6520 o the configure \n-000043c0: 7363 7269 7074 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 720a script and your.\n-000043d0: 2020 2020 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 operating s\n-000043e0: 7973 7465 6d2c 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 ystem, including\n-000043f0: 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 the versions of\n-00004400: 2067 6363 2061 6e64 2062 696e 7574 696c gcc and binutil\n-00004410: 732e 0a0a 2020 332e 2049 6620 796f 7520 s... 3. If you \n-00004420: 6861 7665 2074 726f 7562 6c65 2077 6974 have trouble wit\n-00004430: 6820 7468 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 h the installati\n-00004440: 6f6e 2c20 696e 666f 726d 2075 7320 6f66 on, inform us of\n-00004450: 2068 6f77 2079 6f75 0a20 2020 2020 696e how you. in\n-00004460: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 4752 5542 2e20 446f stalled GRUB. Do\n-00004470: 6e27 7420 6f6d 6974 2065 7272 6f72 206d n't omit error m\n-00004480: 6573 7361 6765 732c 2069 6620 616e 792e essages, if any.\n-00004490: 2020 4a75 7374 20e2 8098 4752 5542 0a20 Just ...GRUB. \n-000044a0: 2020 2020 6861 6e67 7320 7570 2077 6865 hangs up whe\n-000044b0: 6e20 6974 2062 6f6f 7473 e280 9920 6973 n it boots... is\n-000044c0: 206e 6f74 2065 6e6f 7567 682e 0a0a 2020 not enough... \n-000044d0: 2020 2054 6865 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 The informati\n-000044e0: 6f6e 206f 6e20 796f 7572 2068 6172 6477 on on your hardw\n-000044f0: 6172 6520 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 6573 7365 are is also esse\n-00004500: 6e74 6961 6c2e 2020 5468 6573 6520 6172 ntial. These ar\n-00004510: 650a 2020 2020 2065 7370 6563 6961 6c6c e. especiall\n-00004520: 7920 696d 706f 7274 616e 743a 2074 6865 y important: the\n-00004530: 2067 656f 6d65 7472 6965 7320 616e 6420 geometries and \n-00004540: 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 7461 the partition ta\n-00004550: 626c 6573 206f 660a 2020 2020 2079 6f75 bles of. you\n-00004560: 7220 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b20 6472 6976 r hard disk driv\n-00004570: 6573 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 7220 4249 4f53 es and your BIOS\n-00004580: 2e0a 0a20 2034 2e20 4966 2047 5255 4220 ... 4. If GRUB \n-00004590: 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6f6f 7420 796f 7572 cannot boot your\n-000045a0: 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 operating syste\n-000045b0: 6d2c 2077 7269 7465 2064 6f77 6e20 5f65 m, write down _e\n-000045c0: 7665 7279 7468 696e 675f 0a20 2020 2020 verything_. \n-000045d0: 796f 7520 7365 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 you see on the s\n-000045e0: 6372 6565 6e2e 2020 446f 6e27 7420 7061 creen. Don't pa\n-000045f0: 7261 7068 7261 7365 2074 6865 6d2c 206c raphrase them, l\n-00004600: 696b 6520 e280 9854 6865 2066 6f6f 204f ike ...The foo O\n-00004610: 530a 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 2077 S. crashes w\n-00004620: 6974 6820 4752 5542 2c20 6576 656e 2074 ith GRUB, even t\n-00004630: 686f 7567 6820 6974 2063 616e 2062 6f6f hough it can boo\n-00004640: 7420 7769 7468 2074 6865 2062 6172 2062 t with the bar b\n-00004650: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 0a20 2020 2020 oot loader. \n-00004660: 6a75 7374 2066 696e 65e2 8099 2e20 204d just fine.... M\n-00004670: 656e 7469 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 ention the comma\n-00004680: 6e64 7320 796f 7520 6578 6563 7574 6564 nds you executed\n-00004690: 2c20 7468 6520 6d65 7373 6167 6573 0a20 , the messages. \n-000046a0: 2020 2020 7072 696e 7465 6420 6279 2074 printed by t\n-000046b0: 6865 6d2c 2061 6e64 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 hem, and informa\n-000046c0: 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 796f 7572 206f 7065 tion on your ope\n-000046d0: 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 696e rating system in\n-000046e0: 636c 7564 696e 670a 2020 2020 2074 6865 cluding. the\n-000046f0: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 722e version number.\n-00004700: 0a0a 2020 352e 2045 7870 6c61 696e 2077 .. 5. Explain w\n-00004710: 6861 7420 796f 7520 7761 6e74 6564 2074 hat you wanted t\n-00004720: 6f20 646f 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2076 6572 o do. It is ver\n-00004730: 7920 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f20 6b6e 6f77 y useful to know\n-00004740: 2079 6f75 720a 2020 2020 2070 7572 706f your. purpo\n-00004750: 7365 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 7220 7769 7368 se and your wish\n-00004760: 2c20 616e 6420 686f 7720 4752 5542 2064 , and how GRUB d\n-00004770: 6964 6e27 7420 7361 7469 7366 7920 796f idn't satisfy yo\n-00004780: 752e 0a0a 2020 362e 2049 6620 796f 7520 u... 6. If you \n-00004790: 6361 6e20 696e 7665 7374 6967 6174 6520 can investigate \n-000047a0: 7468 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 796f 7572 the problem your\n-000047b0: 7365 6c66 2c20 706c 6561 7365 2064 6f2e self, please do.\n-000047c0: 2020 5468 6174 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 2020 That will. \n-000047d0: 2067 6976 6520 796f 7520 616e 6420 7573 give you and us\n-000047e0: 206d 7563 6820 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 much more infor\n-000047f0: 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7072 mation on the pr\n-00004800: 6f62 6c65 6d2e 2020 4174 7461 6368 696e oblem. Attachin\n-00004810: 6720 610a 2020 2020 2070 6174 6368 2069 g a. patch i\n-00004820: 7320 6576 656e 2062 6574 7465 722e 0a0a s even better...\n-00004830: 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 796f 7520 6174 When you at\n-00004840: 7461 6368 2061 2070 6174 6368 2c20 6d61 tach a patch, ma\n-00004850: 6b65 2074 6865 2070 6174 6368 2069 6e20 ke the patch in \n-00004860: 756e 6966 6965 6420 6469 6666 2066 6f72 unified diff for\n-00004870: 6d61 742c 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7772 mat, and. wr\n-00004880: 6974 6520 4368 616e 6765 4c6f 6720 656e ite ChangeLog en\n-00004890: 7472 6965 732e 2020 4275 742c 2065 7665 tries. But, eve\n-000048a0: 6e20 7768 656e 2079 6f75 206d 616b 6520 n when you make \n-000048b0: 6120 7061 7463 682c 2064 6f6e 2774 0a20 a patch, don't. \n-000048c0: 2020 2020 666f 7267 6574 2074 6f20 6578 forget to ex\n-000048d0: 706c 6169 6e20 7468 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 plain the proble\n-000048e0: 6d2c 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2077 6520 6361 m, so that we ca\n-000048f0: 6e20 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 2077 6861 n understand wha\n-00004900: 7420 796f 7572 0a20 2020 2020 7061 7463 t your. patc\n-00004910: 6820 6973 2066 6f72 2e0a 0a20 2037 2e20 h is for... 7. \n-00004920: 5772 6974 6520 646f 776e 2061 6e79 7468 Write down anyth\n-00004930: 696e 6720 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2074 6869 ing that you thi\n-00004940: 6e6b 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 7265 6c61 nk might be rela\n-00004950: 7465 642e 2020 506c 6561 7365 0a20 2020 ted. Please. \n-00004960: 2020 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 2074 6861 understand tha\n-00004970: 7420 7765 206f 6674 656e 206e 6565 6420 t we often need \n-00004980: 746f 2072 6570 726f 6475 6365 2074 6865 to reproduce the\n-00004990: 2073 616d 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 796f same problem yo\n-000049a0: 750a 2020 2020 2065 6e63 6f75 6e74 6572 u. encounter\n-000049b0: 6564 2069 6e20 6f75 7220 656e 7669 726f ed in our enviro\n-000049c0: 6e6d 656e 742e 2020 536f 2079 6f75 7220 nment. So your \n-000049d0: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7368 6f75 information shou\n-000049e0: 6c64 2062 650a 2020 2020 2073 7566 6669 ld be. suffi\n-000049f0: 6369 656e 7420 666f 7220 7573 2074 6f20 cient for us to \n-00004a00: 646f 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7468 696e do the same thin\n-00004a10: 672d 2d44 6f6e 2774 2066 6f72 6765 7420 g--Don't forget \n-00004a20: 7468 6174 2077 6520 6361 6e6e 6f74 0a20 that we cannot. \n-00004a30: 2020 2020 7365 6520 796f 7572 2063 6f6d see your com\n-00004a40: 7075 7465 7220 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2e20 puter directly. \n-00004a50: 2049 6620 796f 7520 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 If you are not \n-00004a60: 7375 7265 2077 6865 7468 6572 2074 6f20 sure whether to \n-00004a70: 7374 6174 6520 610a 2020 2020 2066 6163 state a. fac\n-00004a80: 7420 6f72 206c 6561 7665 2069 7420 6f75 t or leave it ou\n-00004a90: 742c 2073 7461 7465 2069 7421 2020 5265 t, state it! Re\n-00004aa0: 706f 7274 696e 6720 746f 6f20 6d61 6e79 porting too many\n-00004ab0: 2074 6869 6e67 7320 6973 206d 7563 680a things is much.\n-00004ac0: 2020 2020 2062 6574 7465 7220 7468 616e better than\n-00004ad0: 206f 6d69 7474 696e 6720 736f 6d65 7468 omitting someth\n-00004ae0: 696e 6720 696d 706f 7274 616e 742e 0a0a ing important...\n-00004af0: 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 666f 6c6c 6f77 If you follow\n-00004b00: 2074 6865 2067 7569 6465 6c69 6e65 2061 the guideline a\n-00004b10: 626f 7665 2c20 7375 626d 6974 2061 2072 bove, submit a r\n-00004b20: 6570 6f72 7420 746f 2074 6865 2042 7567 eport to the Bug\n-00004b30: 0a54 7261 636b 696e 6720 5379 7374 656d .Tracking System\n-00004b40: 2028 6874 7470 3a2f 2f73 6176 616e 6e61 (http://savanna\n-00004b50: 682e 676e 752e 6f72 672f 6275 6773 2f3f h.gnu.org/bugs/?\n-00004b60: 6772 6f75 703d 6772 7562 292e 0a41 6c74 group=grub)..Alt\n-00004b70: 6572 6e61 7469 7665 6c79 2c20 796f 7520 ernatively, you \n-00004b80: 6361 6e20 7375 626d 6974 2061 2072 6570 can submit a rep\n-00004b90: 6f72 7420 7669 6120 656c 6563 7472 6f6e ort via electron\n-00004ba0: 6963 206d 6169 6c20 746f 0a3c 6275 672d ic mail to., b\n-00004bc0: 7574 2077 6520 7374 726f 6e67 6c79 2072 ut we strongly r\n-00004bd0: 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 2074 6861 7420 796f ecommend that yo\n-00004be0: 7520 7573 6520 7468 6520 4275 670a 5472 u use the Bug.Tr\n-00004bf0: 6163 6b69 6e67 2053 7973 7465 6d2c 2062 acking System, b\n-00004c00: 6563 6175 7365 2065 2d6d 6169 6c20 6361 ecause e-mail ca\n-00004c10: 6e20 6265 2070 6173 7365 6420 6f76 6572 n be passed over\n-00004c20: 2065 6173 696c 792e 0a0a 2020 204f 6e63 easily... Onc\n-00004c30: 6520 7765 2067 6574 2079 6f75 7220 7265 e we get your re\n-00004c40: 706f 7274 2c20 7765 2077 696c 6c20 7472 port, we will tr\n-00004c50: 7920 746f 2066 6978 2074 6865 2062 7567 y to fix the bug\n-00004c60: 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 s.....File: grub\n-00004c70: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4675 .info, Node: Fu\n-00004c80: 7475 7265 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2043 6f70 ture, Next: Cop\n-00004c90: 7969 6e67 2054 6869 7320 4d61 6e75 616c ying This Manual\n-00004ca0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2052 6570 6f72 7469 , Prev: Reporti\n-00004cb0: 6e67 2062 7567 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f ng bugs, Up: To\n-00004cc0: 700a 0a41 7070 656e 6469 7820 4320 5768 p..Appendix C Wh\n-00004cd0: 6572 6520 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 676f ere GRUB will go\n-00004ce0: 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a .***************\n-00004cf0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n-00004d00: 4752 5542 2032 2069 7320 6e6f 7720 7175 GRUB 2 is now qu\n-00004d10: 6974 6520 7374 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 2075 ite stable and u\n-00004d20: 7365 6420 696e 206d 616e 7920 7072 6f64 sed in many prod\n-00004d30: 7563 7469 6f6e 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2e20 uction systems. \n-00004d40: 2057 6520 6172 650a 6375 7272 656e 746c We are.currentl\n-00004d50: 7920 776f 726b 696e 6720 746f 7761 7264 y working toward\n-00004d60: 7320 6120 322e 3020 7265 6c65 6173 652e s a 2.0 release.\n-00004d70: 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 6172 6520 .. If you are \n-00004d80: 696e 7465 7265 7374 6564 2069 6e20 7468 interested in th\n-00004d90: 6520 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 6f66 e development of\n-00004da0: 2047 5255 4220 322c 2074 616b 6520 6120 GRUB 2, take a \n-00004db0: 6c6f 6f6b 2061 740a 7468 6520 686f 6d65 look at.the home\n-00004dc0: 7061 6765 2028 6874 7470 3a2f 2f77 7777 page (http://www\n-00004dd0: 2e67 6e75 2e6f 7267 2f73 6f66 7477 6172 .gnu.org/softwar\n-00004de0: 652f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 622e 6874 6d6c e/grub/grub.html\n-00004df0: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 ).....File: grub\n-00004e00: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f .info, Node: Co\n-00004e10: 7079 696e 6720 5468 6973 204d 616e 7561 pying This Manua\n-00004e20: 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 6465 782c l, Next: Index,\n-00004e30: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4675 7475 7265 2c20 Prev: Future, \n-00004e40: 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 4170 7065 6e64 Up: Top..Append\n-00004e50: 6978 2044 2043 6f70 7969 6e67 2054 6869 ix D Copying Thi\n-00004e60: 7320 4d61 6e75 616c 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a s Manual.*******\n+000041f0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 5468 6573 6520 ********..These \n+00004200: 6172 6520 7468 6520 6775 6964 656c 696e are the guidelin\n+00004210: 6520 666f 7220 686f 7720 746f 2072 6570 e for how to rep\n+00004220: 6f72 7420 6275 6773 2e20 2054 616b 6520 ort bugs. Take \n+00004230: 6120 6c6f 6f6b 2061 7420 7468 6973 0a6c a look at this.l\n+00004240: 6973 7420 6265 6c6f 7720 6265 666f 7265 ist below before\n+00004250: 2079 6f75 2073 7562 6d69 7420 6275 6773 you submit bugs\n+00004260: 3a0a 0a20 2031 2e20 4265 666f 7265 2067 :.. 1. Before g\n+00004270: 6574 7469 6e67 2075 6e73 6574 746c 6564 etting unsettled\n+00004280: 2c20 7265 6164 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 , read this manu\n+00004290: 616c 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2061 6e64 2074 al through and t\n+000042a0: 6872 6f75 6768 2e0a 2020 2020 2041 6c73 hrough.. Als\n+000042b0: 6f2c 2073 6565 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2047 o, see the GNU G\n+000042c0: 5255 4220 4641 510a 2020 2020 2028 6874 RUB FAQ. (ht\n+000042d0: 7470 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e67 6e75 2e6f 7267 tp://www.gnu.org\n+000042e0: 2f73 6f66 7477 6172 652f 6772 7562 2f67 /software/grub/g\n+000042f0: 7275 622d 6661 712e 6874 6d6c 292e 0a0a rub-faq.html)...\n+00004300: 2020 322e 2041 6c77 6179 7320 6d65 6e74 2. Always ment\n+00004310: 696f 6e20 7468 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 ion the informat\n+00004320: 696f 6e20 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 4752 5542 ion on your GRUB\n+00004330: 2e20 5468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 . The version nu\n+00004340: 6d62 6572 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7468 mber and. th\n+00004350: 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 e configuration \n+00004360: 6172 6520 7175 6974 6520 696d 706f 7274 are quite import\n+00004370: 616e 742e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2062 7569 ant. If you bui\n+00004380: 6c64 2069 7420 796f 7572 7365 6c66 2c0a ld it yourself,.\n+00004390: 2020 2020 2077 7269 7465 2074 6865 206f write the o\n+000043a0: 7074 696f 6e73 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 ptions specified\n+000043b0: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 to the configur\n+000043c0: 6520 7363 7269 7074 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 e script and you\n+000043d0: 720a 2020 2020 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 r. operating\n+000043e0: 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 system, includi\n+000043f0: 6e67 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 ng the versions \n+00004400: 6f66 2067 6363 2061 6e64 2062 696e 7574 of gcc and binut\n+00004410: 696c 732e 0a0a 2020 332e 2049 6620 796f ils... 3. If yo\n+00004420: 7520 6861 7665 2074 726f 7562 6c65 2077 u have trouble w\n+00004430: 6974 6820 7468 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c61 ith the installa\n+00004440: 7469 6f6e 2c20 696e 666f 726d 2075 7320 tion, inform us \n+00004450: 6f66 2068 6f77 2079 6f75 0a20 2020 2020 of how you. \n+00004460: 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 4752 5542 2e20 installed GRUB. \n+00004470: 446f 6e27 7420 6f6d 6974 2065 7272 6f72 Don't omit error\n+00004480: 206d 6573 7361 6765 732c 2069 6620 616e messages, if an\n+00004490: 792e 2020 4a75 7374 20e2 8098 4752 5542 y. Just ...GRUB\n+000044a0: 0a20 2020 2020 6861 6e67 7320 7570 2077 . hangs up w\n+000044b0: 6865 6e20 6974 2062 6f6f 7473 e280 9920 hen it boots... \n+000044c0: 6973 206e 6f74 2065 6e6f 7567 682e 0a0a is not enough...\n+000044d0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 The informa\n+000044e0: 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 796f 7572 2068 6172 tion on your har\n+000044f0: 6477 6172 6520 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 6573 dware is also es\n+00004500: 7365 6e74 6961 6c2e 2020 5468 6573 6520 sential. These \n+00004510: 6172 650a 2020 2020 2065 7370 6563 6961 are. especia\n+00004520: 6c6c 7920 696d 706f 7274 616e 743a 2074 lly important: t\n+00004530: 6865 2067 656f 6d65 7472 6965 7320 616e he geometries an\n+00004540: 6420 7468 6520 7061 7274 6974 696f 6e20 d the partition \n+00004550: 7461 626c 6573 206f 660a 2020 2020 2079 tables of. y\n+00004560: 6f75 7220 6861 7264 2064 6973 6b20 6472 our hard disk dr\n+00004570: 6976 6573 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 7220 4249 ives and your BI\n+00004580: 4f53 2e0a 0a20 2034 2e20 4966 2047 5255 OS... 4. If GRU\n+00004590: 4220 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6f6f 7420 796f B cannot boot yo\n+000045a0: 7572 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 ur operating sys\n+000045b0: 7465 6d2c 2077 7269 7465 2064 6f77 6e20 tem, write down \n+000045c0: 5f65 7665 7279 7468 696e 675f 0a20 2020 _everything_. \n+000045d0: 2020 796f 7520 7365 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 you see on the\n+000045e0: 2073 6372 6565 6e2e 2020 446f 6e27 7420 screen. Don't \n+000045f0: 7061 7261 7068 7261 7365 2074 6865 6d2c paraphrase them,\n+00004600: 206c 696b 6520 e280 9854 6865 2066 6f6f like ...The foo\n+00004610: 204f 530a 2020 2020 2063 7261 7368 6573 OS. crashes\n+00004620: 2077 6974 6820 4752 5542 2c20 6576 656e with GRUB, even\n+00004630: 2074 686f 7567 6820 6974 2063 616e 2062 though it can b\n+00004640: 6f6f 7420 7769 7468 2074 6865 2062 6172 oot with the bar\n+00004650: 2062 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 0a20 2020 boot loader. \n+00004660: 2020 6a75 7374 2066 696e 65e2 8099 2e20 just fine.... \n+00004670: 204d 656e 7469 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d Mention the com\n+00004680: 6d61 6e64 7320 796f 7520 6578 6563 7574 mands you execut\n+00004690: 6564 2c20 7468 6520 6d65 7373 6167 6573 ed, the messages\n+000046a0: 0a20 2020 2020 7072 696e 7465 6420 6279 . printed by\n+000046b0: 2074 6865 6d2c 2061 6e64 2069 6e66 6f72 them, and infor\n+000046c0: 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 796f 7572 206f mation on your o\n+000046d0: 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 perating system \n+000046e0: 696e 636c 7564 696e 670a 2020 2020 2074 including. t\n+000046f0: 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 he version numbe\n+00004700: 722e 0a0a 2020 352e 2045 7870 6c61 696e r... 5. Explain\n+00004710: 2077 6861 7420 796f 7520 7761 6e74 6564 what you wanted\n+00004720: 2074 6f20 646f 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2076 to do. It is v\n+00004730: 6572 7920 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f20 6b6e ery useful to kn\n+00004740: 6f77 2079 6f75 720a 2020 2020 2070 7572 ow your. pur\n+00004750: 706f 7365 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 7220 7769 pose and your wi\n+00004760: 7368 2c20 616e 6420 686f 7720 4752 5542 sh, and how GRUB\n+00004770: 2064 6964 6e27 7420 7361 7469 7366 7920 didn't satisfy \n+00004780: 796f 752e 0a0a 2020 362e 2049 6620 796f you... 6. If yo\n+00004790: 7520 6361 6e20 696e 7665 7374 6967 6174 u can investigat\n+000047a0: 6520 7468 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 796f e the problem yo\n+000047b0: 7572 7365 6c66 2c20 706c 6561 7365 2064 urself, please d\n+000047c0: 6f2e 2020 5468 6174 2077 696c 6c0a 2020 o. That will. \n+000047d0: 2020 2067 6976 6520 796f 7520 616e 6420 give you and \n+000047e0: 7573 206d 7563 6820 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 us much more inf\n+000047f0: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 7468 6520 ormation on the \n+00004800: 7072 6f62 6c65 6d2e 2020 4174 7461 6368 problem. Attach\n+00004810: 696e 6720 610a 2020 2020 2070 6174 6368 ing a. patch\n+00004820: 2069 7320 6576 656e 2062 6574 7465 722e is even better.\n+00004830: 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 796f 7520 .. When you \n+00004840: 6174 7461 6368 2061 2070 6174 6368 2c20 attach a patch, \n+00004850: 6d61 6b65 2074 6865 2070 6174 6368 2069 make the patch i\n+00004860: 6e20 756e 6966 6965 6420 6469 6666 2066 n unified diff f\n+00004870: 6f72 6d61 742c 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 ormat, and. \n+00004880: 7772 6974 6520 4368 616e 6765 4c6f 6720 write ChangeLog \n+00004890: 656e 7472 6965 732e 2020 4275 742c 2065 entries. But, e\n+000048a0: 7665 6e20 7768 656e 2079 6f75 206d 616b ven when you mak\n+000048b0: 6520 6120 7061 7463 682c 2064 6f6e 2774 e a patch, don't\n+000048c0: 0a20 2020 2020 666f 7267 6574 2074 6f20 . forget to \n+000048d0: 6578 706c 6169 6e20 7468 6520 7072 6f62 explain the prob\n+000048e0: 6c65 6d2c 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2077 6520 lem, so that we \n+000048f0: 6361 6e20 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 2077 can understand w\n+00004900: 6861 7420 796f 7572 0a20 2020 2020 7061 hat your. pa\n+00004910: 7463 6820 6973 2066 6f72 2e0a 0a20 2037 tch is for... 7\n+00004920: 2e20 5772 6974 6520 646f 776e 2061 6e79 . Write down any\n+00004930: 7468 696e 6720 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2074 thing that you t\n+00004940: 6869 6e6b 206d 6967 6874 2062 6520 7265 hink might be re\n+00004950: 6c61 7465 642e 2020 506c 6561 7365 0a20 lated. Please. \n+00004960: 2020 2020 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 2074 understand t\n+00004970: 6861 7420 7765 206f 6674 656e 206e 6565 hat we often nee\n+00004980: 6420 746f 2072 6570 726f 6475 6365 2074 d to reproduce t\n+00004990: 6865 2073 616d 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 6d20 he same problem \n+000049a0: 796f 750a 2020 2020 2065 6e63 6f75 6e74 you. encount\n+000049b0: 6572 6564 2069 6e20 6f75 7220 656e 7669 ered in our envi\n+000049c0: 726f 6e6d 656e 742e 2020 536f 2079 6f75 ronment. So you\n+000049d0: 7220 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7368 r information sh\n+000049e0: 6f75 6c64 2062 650a 2020 2020 2073 7566 ould be. suf\n+000049f0: 6669 6369 656e 7420 666f 7220 7573 2074 ficient for us t\n+00004a00: 6f20 646f 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7468 o do the same th\n+00004a10: 696e 672d 2d44 6f6e 2774 2066 6f72 6765 ing--Don't forge\n+00004a20: 7420 7468 6174 2077 6520 6361 6e6e 6f74 t that we cannot\n+00004a30: 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6520 796f 7572 2063 . see your c\n+00004a40: 6f6d 7075 7465 7220 6469 7265 6374 6c79 omputer directly\n+00004a50: 2e20 2049 6620 796f 7520 6172 6520 6e6f . If you are no\n+00004a60: 7420 7375 7265 2077 6865 7468 6572 2074 t sure whether t\n+00004a70: 6f20 7374 6174 6520 610a 2020 2020 2066 o state a. f\n+00004a80: 6163 7420 6f72 206c 6561 7665 2069 7420 act or leave it \n+00004a90: 6f75 742c 2073 7461 7465 2069 7421 2020 out, state it! \n+00004aa0: 5265 706f 7274 696e 6720 746f 6f20 6d61 Reporting too ma\n+00004ab0: 6e79 2074 6869 6e67 7320 6973 206d 7563 ny things is muc\n+00004ac0: 680a 2020 2020 2062 6574 7465 7220 7468 h. better th\n+00004ad0: 616e 206f 6d69 7474 696e 6720 736f 6d65 an omitting some\n+00004ae0: 7468 696e 6720 696d 706f 7274 616e 742e thing important.\n+00004af0: 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 666f 6c6c .. If you foll\n+00004b00: 6f77 2074 6865 2067 7569 6465 6c69 6e65 ow the guideline\n+00004b10: 2061 626f 7665 2c20 7375 626d 6974 2061 above, submit a\n+00004b20: 2072 6570 6f72 7420 746f 2074 6865 2042 report to the B\n+00004b30: 7567 0a54 7261 636b 696e 6720 5379 7374 ug.Tracking Syst\n+00004b40: 656d 2028 6874 7470 3a2f 2f73 6176 616e em (http://savan\n+00004b50: 6e61 682e 676e 752e 6f72 672f 6275 6773 nah.gnu.org/bugs\n+00004b60: 2f3f 6772 6f75 703d 6772 7562 292e 0a41 /?group=grub)..A\n+00004b70: 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 6c79 2c20 796f lternatively, yo\n+00004b80: 7520 6361 6e20 7375 626d 6974 2061 2072 u can submit a r\n+00004b90: 6570 6f72 7420 7669 6120 656c 6563 7472 eport via electr\n+00004ba0: 6f6e 6963 206d 6169 6c20 746f 0a3c 6275 onic mail to.,\n+00004bc0: 2062 7574 2077 6520 7374 726f 6e67 6c79 but we strongly\n+00004bd0: 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 2074 6861 7420 recommend that \n+00004be0: 796f 7520 7573 6520 7468 6520 4275 670a you use the Bug.\n+00004bf0: 5472 6163 6b69 6e67 2053 7973 7465 6d2c Tracking System,\n+00004c00: 2062 6563 6175 7365 2065 2d6d 6169 6c20 because e-mail \n+00004c10: 6361 6e20 6265 2070 6173 7365 6420 6f76 can be passed ov\n+00004c20: 6572 2065 6173 696c 792e 0a0a 2020 204f er easily... O\n+00004c30: 6e63 6520 7765 2067 6574 2079 6f75 7220 nce we get your \n+00004c40: 7265 706f 7274 2c20 7765 2077 696c 6c20 report, we will \n+00004c50: 7472 7920 746f 2066 6978 2074 6865 2062 try to fix the b\n+00004c60: 7567 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ugs.....File: gr\n+00004c70: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00004c80: 4675 7475 7265 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2043 Future, Next: C\n+00004c90: 6f70 7969 6e67 2054 6869 7320 4d61 6e75 opying This Manu\n+00004ca0: 616c 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2052 6570 6f72 al, Prev: Repor\n+00004cb0: 7469 6e67 2062 7567 732c 2020 5570 3a20 ting bugs, Up: \n+00004cc0: 546f 700a 0a41 7070 656e 6469 7820 4320 Top..Appendix C \n+00004cd0: 5768 6572 6520 4752 5542 2077 696c 6c20 Where GRUB will \n+00004ce0: 676f 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a go.*************\n+00004cf0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+00004d00: 0a0a 4752 5542 2032 2069 7320 6e6f 7720 ..GRUB 2 is now \n+00004d10: 7175 6974 6520 7374 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 quite stable and\n+00004d20: 2075 7365 6420 696e 206d 616e 7920 7072 used in many pr\n+00004d30: 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 2073 7973 7465 6d73 oduction systems\n+00004d40: 2e20 2057 6520 6172 650a 6375 7272 656e . We are.curren\n+00004d50: 746c 7920 776f 726b 696e 6720 746f 7761 tly working towa\n+00004d60: 7264 7320 6120 322e 3020 7265 6c65 6173 rds a 2.0 releas\n+00004d70: 652e 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 6172 e... If you ar\n+00004d80: 6520 696e 7465 7265 7374 6564 2069 6e20 e interested in \n+00004d90: 7468 6520 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 the development \n+00004da0: 6f66 2047 5255 4220 322c 2074 616b 6520 of GRUB 2, take \n+00004db0: 6120 6c6f 6f6b 2061 740a 7468 6520 686f a look at.the ho\n+00004dc0: 6d65 7061 6765 2028 6874 7470 3a2f 2f77 mepage (http://w\n+00004dd0: 7777 2e67 6e75 2e6f 7267 2f73 6f66 7477 ww.gnu.org/softw\n+00004de0: 6172 652f 6772 7562 2f67 7275 622e 6874 are/grub/grub.ht\n+00004df0: 6d6c 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 ml).....File: gr\n+00004e00: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 ub.info, Node: \n+00004e10: 436f 7079 696e 6720 5468 6973 204d 616e Copying This Man\n+00004e20: 7561 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 6465 ual, Next: Inde\n+00004e30: 782c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4675 7475 7265 x, Prev: Future\n+00004e40: 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 4170 7065 , Up: Top..Appe\n+00004e50: 6e64 6978 2044 2043 6f70 7969 6e67 2054 ndix D Copying T\n+00004e60: 6869 7320 4d61 6e75 616c 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a his Manual.*****\n 00004e70: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00004e80: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a *******..* Menu:\n-00004e90: 0a0a 2a20 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 ..* GNU Free Doc\n-00004ea0: 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e umentation Licen\n-00004eb0: 7365 3a3a 2020 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 666f se:: License fo\n-00004ec0: 7220 636f 7079 696e 6720 7468 6973 206d r copying this m\n-00004ed0: 616e 7561 6c2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 anual.....File: \n-00004ee0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 grub.info, Node\n-00004ef0: 3a20 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 756d : GNU Free Docum\n-00004f00: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e 7365 entation License\n-00004f10: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f70 7969 6e67 2054 , Up: Copying T\n-00004f20: 6869 7320 4d61 6e75 616c 0a0a 442e 3120 his Manual..D.1 \n-00004f30: 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 756d 656e GNU Free Documen\n-00004f40: 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e 7365 0a3d tation License.=\n-00004f50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00004e80: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a2a 204d 656e *********..* Men\n+00004e90: 753a 0a0a 2a20 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 u:..* GNU Free D\n+00004ea0: 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 ocumentation Lic\n+00004eb0: 656e 7365 3a3a 2020 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 ense:: License \n+00004ec0: 666f 7220 636f 7079 696e 6720 7468 6973 for copying this\n+00004ed0: 206d 616e 7561 6c2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 manual.....File\n+00004ee0: 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f : grub.info, No\n+00004ef0: 6465 3a20 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 de: GNU Free Doc\n+00004f00: 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e umentation Licen\n+00004f10: 7365 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f70 7969 6e67 se, Up: Copying\n+00004f20: 2054 6869 7320 4d61 6e75 616c 0a0a 442e This Manual..D.\n+00004f30: 3120 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 756d 1 GNU Free Docum\n+00004f40: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e 7365 entation License\n+00004f50: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n 00004f60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00004f70: 3d0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 =.. \n-00004f80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2056 6572 7369 6f6e Version\n-00004f90: 2031 2e32 2c20 4e6f 7665 6d62 6572 2032 1.2, November 2\n-00004fa0: 3030 320a 0a20 2020 2020 436f 7079 7269 002.. Copyri\n-00004fb0: 6768 7420 c2a9 2032 3030 302c 3230 3031 ght .. 2000,2001\n-00004fc0: 2c32 3030 3220 4672 6565 2053 6f66 7477 ,2002 Free Softw\n-00004fd0: 6172 6520 466f 756e 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 are Foundation, \n-00004fe0: 496e 632e 0a20 2020 2020 3531 2046 7261 Inc.. 51 Fra\n-00004ff0: 6e6b 6c69 6e20 5374 2c20 4669 6674 6820 nklin St, Fifth \n-00005000: 466c 6f6f 722c 2042 6f73 746f 6e2c 204d Floor, Boston, M\n-00005010: 4120 2030 3231 3130 2d31 3330 312c 2055 A 02110-1301, U\n-00005020: 5341 0a0a 2020 2020 2045 7665 7279 6f6e SA.. Everyon\n-00005030: 6520 6973 2070 6572 6d69 7474 6564 2074 e is permitted t\n-00005040: 6f20 636f 7079 2061 6e64 2064 6973 7472 o copy and distr\n-00005050: 6962 7574 6520 7665 7262 6174 696d 2063 ibute verbatim c\n-00005060: 6f70 6965 730a 2020 2020 206f 6620 7468 opies. of th\n-00005070: 6973 206c 6963 656e 7365 2064 6f63 756d is license docum\n-00005080: 656e 742c 2062 7574 2063 6861 6e67 696e ent, but changin\n-00005090: 6720 6974 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f g it is not allo\n-000050a0: 7765 642e 0a0a 2020 302e 2050 5245 414d wed... 0. PREAM\n-000050b0: 424c 450a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 7075 BLE.. The pu\n-000050c0: 7270 6f73 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 4c69 rpose of this Li\n-000050d0: 6365 6e73 6520 6973 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 cense is to make\n-000050e0: 2061 206d 616e 7561 6c2c 2074 6578 7462 a manual, textb\n-000050f0: 6f6f 6b2c 206f 7220 6f74 6865 720a 2020 ook, or other. \n-00005100: 2020 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e61 6c20 616e functional an\n-00005110: 6420 7573 6566 756c 2064 6f63 756d 656e d useful documen\n-00005120: 7420 e280 9c66 7265 65e2 809d 2069 6e20 t ...free... in \n-00005130: 7468 6520 7365 6e73 6520 6f66 2066 7265 the sense of fre\n-00005140: 6564 6f6d 3a20 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6173 edom: to. as\n-00005150: 7375 7265 2065 7665 7279 6f6e 6520 7468 sure everyone th\n-00005160: 6520 6566 6665 6374 6976 6520 6672 6565 e effective free\n-00005170: 646f 6d20 746f 2063 6f70 7920 616e 6420 dom to copy and \n-00005180: 7265 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2069 742c redistribute it,\n-00005190: 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 206f 7220 7769 . with or wi\n-000051a0: 7468 6f75 7420 6d6f 6469 6679 696e 6720 thout modifying \n-000051b0: 6974 2c20 6569 7468 6572 2063 6f6d 6d65 it, either comme\n-000051c0: 7263 6961 6c6c 7920 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 rcially or. \n-000051d0: 6e6f 6e63 6f6d 6d65 7263 6961 6c6c 792e noncommercially.\n-000051e0: 2020 5365 636f 6e64 6172 696c 792c 2074 Secondarily, t\n-000051f0: 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 7072 6573 his License pres\n-00005200: 6572 7665 7320 666f 7220 7468 650a 2020 erves for the. \n-00005210: 2020 2061 7574 686f 7220 616e 6420 7075 author and pu\n-00005220: 626c 6973 6865 7220 6120 7761 7920 746f blisher a way to\n-00005230: 2067 6574 2063 7265 6469 7420 666f 7220 get credit for \n-00005240: 7468 6569 7220 776f 726b 2c20 7768 696c their work, whil\n-00005250: 6520 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2062 6569 6e67 e not. being\n-00005260: 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 7265 7370 considered resp\n-00005270: 6f6e 7369 626c 6520 666f 7220 6d6f 6469 onsible for modi\n-00005280: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 6d61 6465 2062 fications made b\n-00005290: 7920 6f74 6865 7273 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 y others... \n-000052a0: 5468 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 2069 7320 This License is \n-000052b0: 6120 6b69 6e64 206f 6620 2263 6f70 796c a kind of \"copyl\n-000052c0: 6566 7422 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6d65 616e eft\", which mean\n-000052d0: 7320 7468 6174 2064 6572 6976 6174 6976 s that derivativ\n-000052e0: 650a 2020 2020 2077 6f72 6b73 206f 6620 e. works of \n-000052f0: 7468 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 206d 7573 the document mus\n-00005300: 7420 7468 656d 7365 6c76 6573 2062 6520 t themselves be \n-00005310: 6672 6565 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 free in the same\n-00005320: 2073 656e 7365 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 7420 sense.. It \n-00005330: 636f 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 7320 7468 6520 complements the \n-00005340: 474e 5520 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 5075 626c GNU General Publ\n-00005350: 6963 204c 6963 656e 7365 2c20 7768 6963 ic License, whic\n-00005360: 6820 6973 2061 2063 6f70 796c 6566 740a h is a copyleft.\n-00005370: 2020 2020 206c 6963 656e 7365 2064 6573 license des\n-00005380: 6967 6e65 6420 666f 7220 6672 6565 2073 igned for free s\n-00005390: 6f66 7477 6172 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 oftware... W\n-000053a0: 6520 6861 7665 2064 6573 6967 6e65 6420 e have designed \n-000053b0: 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 2069 6e20 this License in \n-000053c0: 6f72 6465 7220 746f 2075 7365 2069 7420 order to use it \n-000053d0: 666f 7220 6d61 6e75 616c 7320 666f 720a for manuals for.\n-000053e0: 2020 2020 2066 7265 6520 736f 6674 7761 free softwa\n-000053f0: 7265 2c20 6265 6361 7573 6520 6672 6565 re, because free\n-00005400: 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 6e65 6564 7320 software needs \n-00005410: 6672 6565 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 free documentati\n-00005420: 6f6e 3a20 610a 2020 2020 2066 7265 6520 on: a. free \n-00005430: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 7368 6f75 6c64 2063 program should c\n-00005440: 6f6d 6520 7769 7468 206d 616e 7561 6c73 ome with manuals\n-00005450: 2070 726f 7669 6469 6e67 2074 6865 2073 providing the s\n-00005460: 616d 6520 6672 6565 646f 6d73 0a20 2020 ame freedoms. \n-00005470: 2020 7468 6174 2074 6865 2073 6f66 7477 that the softw\n-00005480: 6172 6520 646f 6573 2e20 2042 7574 2074 are does. But t\n-00005490: 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 6973 206e his License is n\n-000054a0: 6f74 206c 696d 6974 6564 2074 6f0a 2020 ot limited to. \n-000054b0: 2020 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 6d61 6e75 software manu\n-000054c0: 616c 733b 2069 7420 6361 6e20 6265 2075 als; it can be u\n-000054d0: 7365 6420 666f 7220 616e 7920 7465 7874 sed for any text\n-000054e0: 7561 6c20 776f 726b 2c20 7265 6761 7264 ual work, regard\n-000054f0: 6c65 7373 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2073 7562 less. of sub\n-00005500: 6a65 6374 206d 6174 7465 7220 6f72 2077 ject matter or w\n-00005510: 6865 7468 6572 2069 7420 6973 2070 7562 hether it is pub\n-00005520: 6c69 7368 6564 2061 7320 6120 7072 696e lished as a prin\n-00005530: 7465 6420 626f 6f6b 2e20 2057 650a 2020 ted book. We. \n-00005540: 2020 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 2074 6869 recommend thi\n-00005550: 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 7072 696e 6369 s License princi\n-00005560: 7061 6c6c 7920 666f 7220 776f 726b 7320 pally for works \n-00005570: 7768 6f73 6520 7075 7270 6f73 6520 6973 whose purpose is\n-00005580: 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7374 7275 6374 696f . instructio\n-00005590: 6e20 6f72 2072 6566 6572 656e 6365 2e0a n or reference..\n-000055a0: 0a20 2031 2e20 4150 504c 4943 4142 494c . 1. APPLICABIL\n-000055b0: 4954 5920 414e 4420 4445 4649 4e49 5449 ITY AND DEFINITI\n-000055c0: 4f4e 530a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 204c ONS.. This L\n-000055d0: 6963 656e 7365 2061 7070 6c69 6573 2074 icense applies t\n-000055e0: 6f20 616e 7920 6d61 6e75 616c 206f 7220 o any manual or \n-000055f0: 6f74 6865 7220 776f 726b 2c20 696e 2061 other work, in a\n-00005600: 6e79 206d 6564 6975 6d2c 0a20 2020 2020 ny medium,. \n-00005610: 7468 6174 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 6120 that contains a \n-00005620: 6e6f 7469 6365 2070 6c61 6365 6420 6279 notice placed by\n-00005630: 2074 6865 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2068 the copyright h\n-00005640: 6f6c 6465 7220 7361 7969 6e67 2069 7420 older saying it \n-00005650: 6361 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 6520 6469 7374 can. be dist\n-00005660: 7269 6275 7465 6420 756e 6465 7220 7468 ributed under th\n-00005670: 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 2074 6869 7320 e terms of this \n-00005680: 4c69 6365 6e73 652e 2020 5375 6368 2061 License. Such a\n-00005690: 206e 6f74 6963 650a 2020 2020 2067 7261 notice. gra\n-000056a0: 6e74 7320 6120 776f 726c 642d 7769 6465 nts a world-wide\n-000056b0: 2c20 726f 7961 6c74 792d 6672 6565 206c , royalty-free l\n-000056c0: 6963 656e 7365 2c20 756e 6c69 6d69 7465 icense, unlimite\n-000056d0: 6420 696e 2064 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 0a20 d in duration,. \n-000056e0: 2020 2020 746f 2075 7365 2074 6861 7420 to use that \n-000056f0: 776f 726b 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6865 2063 work under the c\n-00005700: 6f6e 6469 7469 6f6e 7320 7374 6174 6564 onditions stated\n-00005710: 2068 6572 6569 6e2e 2020 5468 650a 2020 herein. The. \n-00005720: 2020 2022 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 222c 2062 \"Document\", b\n-00005730: 656c 6f77 2c20 7265 6665 7273 2074 6f20 elow, refers to \n-00005740: 616e 7920 7375 6368 206d 616e 7561 6c20 any such manual \n-00005750: 6f72 2077 6f72 6b2e 2020 416e 7920 6d65 or work. Any me\n-00005760: 6d62 6572 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2074 6865 mber. of the\n-00005770: 2070 7562 6c69 6320 6973 2061 206c 6963 public is a lic\n-00005780: 656e 7365 652c 2061 6e64 2069 7320 6164 ensee, and is ad\n-00005790: 6472 6573 7365 6420 6173 2022 796f 7522 dressed as \"you\"\n-000057a0: 2e20 2059 6f75 2061 6363 6570 740a 2020 . You accept. \n-000057b0: 2020 2074 6865 206c 6963 656e 7365 2069 the license i\n-000057c0: 6620 796f 7520 636f 7079 2c20 6d6f 6469 f you copy, modi\n-000057d0: 6679 206f 7220 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 fy or distribute\n-000057e0: 2074 6865 2077 6f72 6b20 696e 2061 2077 the work in a w\n-000057f0: 6179 0a20 2020 2020 7265 7175 6972 696e ay. requirin\n-00005800: 6720 7065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 2075 6e64 g permission und\n-00005810: 6572 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 206c 6177 er copyright law\n-00005820: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4120 224d 6f64 6966 ... A \"Modif\n-00005830: 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f 6e22 206f 6620 ied Version\" of \n-00005840: 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 206d 6561 the Document mea\n-00005850: 6e73 2061 6e79 2077 6f72 6b20 636f 6e74 ns any work cont\n-00005860: 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 aining the. \n-00005870: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 206f 7220 6120 706f Document or a po\n-00005880: 7274 696f 6e20 6f66 2069 742c 2065 6974 rtion of it, eit\n-00005890: 6865 7220 636f 7069 6564 2076 6572 6261 her copied verba\n-000058a0: 7469 6d2c 206f 7220 7769 7468 0a20 2020 tim, or with. \n-000058b0: 2020 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 modifications \n-000058c0: 616e 642f 6f72 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 and/or translate\n-000058d0: 6420 696e 746f 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 206c d into another l\n-000058e0: 616e 6775 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 anguage... A\n-000058f0: 2022 5365 636f 6e64 6172 7920 5365 6374 \"Secondary Sect\n-00005900: 696f 6e22 2069 7320 6120 6e61 6d65 6420 ion\" is a named \n-00005910: 6170 7065 6e64 6978 206f 7220 6120 6672 appendix or a fr\n-00005920: 6f6e 742d 6d61 7474 6572 2073 6563 7469 ont-matter secti\n-00005930: 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2074 6865 2044 on. of the D\n-00005940: 6f63 756d 656e 7420 7468 6174 2064 6561 ocument that dea\n-00005950: 6c73 2065 7863 6c75 7369 7665 6c79 2077 ls exclusively w\n-00005960: 6974 6820 7468 6520 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e ith the relation\n-00005970: 7368 6970 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 ship of the. \n-00005980: 2070 7562 6c69 7368 6572 7320 6f72 2061 publishers or a\n-00005990: 7574 686f 7273 206f 6620 7468 6520 446f uthors of the Do\n-000059a0: 6375 6d65 6e74 2074 6f20 7468 6520 446f cument to the Do\n-000059b0: 6375 6d65 6e74 2773 206f 7665 7261 6c6c cument's overall\n-000059c0: 0a20 2020 2020 7375 626a 6563 7420 286f . subject (o\n-000059d0: 7220 746f 2072 656c 6174 6564 206d 6174 r to related mat\n-000059e0: 7465 7273 2920 616e 6420 636f 6e74 6169 ters) and contai\n-000059f0: 6e73 206e 6f74 6869 6e67 2074 6861 7420 ns nothing that \n-00005a00: 636f 756c 640a 2020 2020 2066 616c 6c20 could. fall \n-00005a10: 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2077 6974 6869 6e20 directly within \n-00005a20: 7468 6174 206f 7665 7261 6c6c 2073 7562 that overall sub\n-00005a30: 6a65 6374 2e20 2028 5468 7573 2c20 6966 ject. (Thus, if\n-00005a40: 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 740a 2020 the Document. \n-00005a50: 2020 2069 7320 696e 2070 6172 7420 6120 is in part a \n-00005a60: 7465 7874 626f 6f6b 206f 6620 6d61 7468 textbook of math\n-00005a70: 656d 6174 6963 732c 2061 2053 6563 6f6e ematics, a Secon\n-00005a80: 6461 7279 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 dary Section may\n-00005a90: 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 6578 706c 6169 not. explai\n-00005aa0: 6e20 616e 7920 6d61 7468 656d 6174 6963 n any mathematic\n-00005ab0: 732e 2920 2054 6865 2072 656c 6174 696f s.) The relatio\n-00005ac0: 6e73 6869 7020 636f 756c 6420 6265 2061 nship could be a\n-00005ad0: 206d 6174 7465 7220 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 matter of. \n-00005ae0: 6869 7374 6f72 6963 616c 2063 6f6e 6e65 historical conne\n-00005af0: 6374 696f 6e20 7769 7468 2074 6865 2073 ction with the s\n-00005b00: 7562 6a65 6374 206f 7220 7769 7468 2072 ubject or with r\n-00005b10: 656c 6174 6564 206d 6174 7465 7273 2c20 elated matters, \n-00005b20: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 206c 6567 616c or. of legal\n-00005b30: 2c20 636f 6d6d 6572 6369 616c 2c20 7068 , commercial, ph\n-00005b40: 696c 6f73 6f70 6869 6361 6c2c 2065 7468 ilosophical, eth\n-00005b50: 6963 616c 206f 7220 706f 6c69 7469 6361 ical or politica\n-00005b60: 6c20 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 l position. \n-00005b70: 7265 6761 7264 696e 6720 7468 656d 2e0a regarding them..\n-00005b80: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 2249 6e76 6172 . The \"Invar\n-00005b90: 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7322 2061 iant Sections\" a\n-00005ba0: 7265 2063 6572 7461 696e 2053 6563 6f6e re certain Secon\n-00005bb0: 6461 7279 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 7768 dary Sections wh\n-00005bc0: 6f73 650a 2020 2020 2074 6974 6c65 7320 ose. titles \n-00005bd0: 6172 6520 6465 7369 676e 6174 6564 2c20 are designated, \n-00005be0: 6173 2062 6569 6e67 2074 686f 7365 206f as being those o\n-00005bf0: 6620 496e 7661 7269 616e 7420 5365 6374 f Invariant Sect\n-00005c00: 696f 6e73 2c20 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ions, in the. \n-00005c10: 2020 6e6f 7469 6365 2074 6861 7420 7361 notice that sa\n-00005c20: 7973 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 446f 6375 ys that the Docu\n-00005c30: 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 7265 6c65 6173 6564 ment is released\n-00005c40: 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 under this Lice\n-00005c50: 6e73 652e 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2061 2073 nse.. If a s\n-00005c60: 6563 7469 6f6e 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 ection does not \n-00005c70: 6669 7420 7468 6520 6162 6f76 6520 6465 fit the above de\n-00005c80: 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 5365 636f finition of Seco\n-00005c90: 6e64 6172 7920 7468 656e 2069 740a 2020 ndary then it. \n-00005ca0: 2020 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 is not allowe\n-00005cb0: 6420 746f 2062 6520 6465 7369 676e 6174 d to be designat\n-00005cc0: 6564 2061 7320 496e 7661 7269 616e 742e ed as Invariant.\n-00005cd0: 2020 5468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 206d The Document m\n-00005ce0: 6179 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 ay. contain \n-00005cf0: 7a65 726f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 zero Invariant S\n-00005d00: 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 4966 2074 6865 ections. If the\n-00005d10: 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 646f 6573 206e Document does n\n-00005d20: 6f74 2069 6465 6e74 6966 790a 2020 2020 ot identify. \n-00005d30: 2061 6e79 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 any Invariant S\n-00005d40: 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 7468 656e 2074 6865 ections then the\n-00005d50: 7265 2061 7265 206e 6f6e 652e 0a0a 2020 re are none... \n-00005d60: 2020 2054 6865 2022 436f 7665 7220 5465 The \"Cover Te\n-00005d70: 7874 7322 2061 7265 2063 6572 7461 696e xts\" are certain\n-00005d80: 2073 686f 7274 2070 6173 7361 6765 7320 short passages \n-00005d90: 6f66 2074 6578 7420 7468 6174 2061 7265 of text that are\n-00005da0: 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 7374 6564 2c20 6173 . listed, as\n-00005db0: 2046 726f 6e74 2d43 6f76 6572 2054 6578 Front-Cover Tex\n-00005dc0: 7473 206f 7220 4261 636b 2d43 6f76 6572 ts or Back-Cover\n-00005dd0: 2054 6578 7473 2c20 696e 2074 6865 206e Texts, in the n\n-00005de0: 6f74 6963 650a 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 otice. that \n-00005df0: 7361 7973 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 446f says that the Do\n-00005e00: 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 7265 6c65 6173 cument is releas\n-00005e10: 6564 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6869 7320 4c69 ed under this Li\n-00005e20: 6365 6e73 652e 2020 410a 2020 2020 2046 cense. A. F\n-00005e30: 726f 6e74 2d43 6f76 6572 2054 6578 7420 ront-Cover Text \n-00005e40: 6d61 7920 6265 2061 7420 6d6f 7374 2035 may be at most 5\n-00005e50: 2077 6f72 6473 2c20 616e 6420 6120 4261 words, and a Ba\n-00005e60: 636b 2d43 6f76 6572 2054 6578 7420 6d61 ck-Cover Text ma\n-00005e70: 790a 2020 2020 2062 6520 6174 206d 6f73 y. be at mos\n-00005e80: 7420 3235 2077 6f72 6473 2e0a 0a20 2020 t 25 words... \n-00005e90: 2020 4120 2254 7261 6e73 7061 7265 6e74 A \"Transparent\n-00005ea0: 2220 636f 7079 206f 6620 7468 6520 446f \" copy of the Do\n-00005eb0: 6375 6d65 6e74 206d 6561 6e73 2061 206d cument means a m\n-00005ec0: 6163 6869 6e65 2d72 6561 6461 626c 6520 achine-readable \n-00005ed0: 636f 7079 2c0a 2020 2020 2072 6570 7265 copy,. repre\n-00005ee0: 7365 6e74 6564 2069 6e20 6120 666f 726d sented in a form\n-00005ef0: 6174 2077 686f 7365 2073 7065 6369 6669 at whose specifi\n-00005f00: 6361 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 cation is availa\n-00005f10: 626c 6520 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ble to the. \n-00005f20: 6765 6e65 7261 6c20 7075 626c 6963 2c20 general public, \n-00005f30: 7468 6174 2069 7320 7375 6974 6162 6c65 that is suitable\n-00005f40: 2066 6f72 2072 6576 6973 696e 6720 7468 for revising th\n-00005f50: 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 e document. \n-00005f60: 7374 7261 6967 6874 666f 7277 6172 646c straightforwardl\n-00005f70: 7920 7769 7468 2067 656e 6572 6963 2074 y with generic t\n-00005f80: 6578 7420 6564 6974 6f72 7320 6f72 2028 ext editors or (\n-00005f90: 666f 7220 696d 6167 6573 2063 6f6d 706f for images compo\n-00005fa0: 7365 640a 2020 2020 206f 6620 7069 7865 sed. of pixe\n-00005fb0: 6c73 2920 6765 6e65 7269 6320 7061 696e ls) generic pain\n-00005fc0: 7420 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 206f 7220 2866 t programs or (f\n-00005fd0: 6f72 2064 7261 7769 6e67 7329 2073 6f6d or drawings) som\n-00005fe0: 6520 7769 6465 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 6176 e widely. av\n-00005ff0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6472 6177 696e 6720 ailable drawing \n-00006000: 6564 6974 6f72 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6174 editor, and that\n-00006010: 2069 7320 7375 6974 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 is suitable for\n-00006020: 2069 6e70 7574 2074 6f20 7465 7874 0a20 input to text. \n-00006030: 2020 2020 666f 726d 6174 7465 7273 206f formatters o\n-00006040: 7220 666f 7220 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6320 r for automatic \n-00006050: 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e20 746f 2061 translation to a\n-00006060: 2076 6172 6965 7479 206f 6620 666f 726d variety of form\n-00006070: 6174 730a 2020 2020 2073 7569 7461 626c ats. suitabl\n-00006080: 6520 666f 7220 696e 7075 7420 746f 2074 e for input to t\n-00006090: 6578 7420 666f 726d 6174 7465 7273 2e20 ext formatters. \n-000060a0: 2041 2063 6f70 7920 6d61 6465 2069 6e20 A copy made in \n-000060b0: 616e 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 0a20 2020 an otherwise. \n-000060c0: 2020 5472 616e 7370 6172 656e 7420 6669 Transparent fi\n-000060d0: 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 7768 6f73 6520 le format whose \n-000060e0: 6d61 726b 7570 2c20 6f72 2061 6273 656e markup, or absen\n-000060f0: 6365 206f 6620 6d61 726b 7570 2c20 6861 ce of markup, ha\n-00006100: 730a 2020 2020 2062 6565 6e20 6172 7261 s. been arra\n-00006110: 6e67 6564 2074 6f20 7468 7761 7274 206f nged to thwart o\n-00006120: 7220 6469 7363 6f75 7261 6765 2073 7562 r discourage sub\n-00006130: 7365 7175 656e 7420 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 sequent modifica\n-00006140: 7469 6f6e 2062 790a 2020 2020 2072 6561 tion by. rea\n-00006150: 6465 7273 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 5472 616e ders is not Tran\n-00006160: 7370 6172 656e 742e 2020 416e 2069 6d61 sparent. An ima\n-00006170: 6765 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6973 206e 6f74 ge format is not\n-00006180: 2054 7261 6e73 7061 7265 6e74 2069 660a Transparent if.\n-00006190: 2020 2020 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 616e used for an\n-000061a0: 7920 7375 6273 7461 6e74 6961 6c20 616d y substantial am\n-000061b0: 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 7465 7874 2e20 2041 ount of text. A\n-000061c0: 2063 6f70 7920 7468 6174 2069 7320 6e6f copy that is no\n-000061d0: 740a 2020 2020 2022 5472 616e 7370 6172 t. \"Transpar\n-000061e0: 656e 7422 2069 7320 6361 6c6c 6564 2022 ent\" is called \"\n-000061f0: 4f70 6171 7565 222e 0a0a 2020 2020 2045 Opaque\"... E\n-00006200: 7861 6d70 6c65 7320 6f66 2073 7569 7461 xamples of suita\n-00006210: 626c 6520 666f 726d 6174 7320 666f 7220 ble formats for \n-00006220: 5472 616e 7370 6172 656e 7420 636f 7069 Transparent copi\n-00006230: 6573 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2070 6c61 696e es include plain\n-00006240: 0a20 2020 2020 4153 4349 4920 7769 7468 . ASCII with\n-00006250: 6f75 7420 6d61 726b 7570 2c20 5465 7869 out markup, Texi\n-00006260: 6e66 6f20 696e 7075 7420 666f 726d 6174 nfo input format\n-00006270: 2c20 4c61 5465 5820 696e 7075 7420 666f , LaTeX input fo\n-00006280: 726d 6174 2c0a 2020 2020 2053 474d 4c20 rmat,. SGML \n-00006290: 6f72 2058 4d4c 2075 7369 6e67 2061 2070 or XML using a p\n-000062a0: 7562 6c69 636c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 626c ublicly availabl\n-000062b0: 6520 4454 442c 2061 6e64 2073 7461 6e64 e DTD, and stand\n-000062c0: 6172 642d 636f 6e66 6f72 6d69 6e67 0a20 ard-conforming. \n-000062d0: 2020 2020 7369 6d70 6c65 2048 544d 4c2c simple HTML,\n-000062e0: 2050 6f73 7453 6372 6970 7420 6f72 2050 PostScript or P\n-000062f0: 4446 2064 6573 6967 6e65 6420 666f 7220 DF designed for \n-00006300: 6875 6d61 6e20 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 7469 human modificati\n-00006310: 6f6e 2e0a 2020 2020 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 on.. Example\n-00006320: 7320 6f66 2074 7261 6e73 7061 7265 6e74 s of transparent\n-00006330: 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 2069 image formats i\n-00006340: 6e63 6c75 6465 2050 4e47 2c20 5843 4620 nclude PNG, XCF \n-00006350: 616e 6420 4a50 472e 0a20 2020 2020 4f70 and JPG.. Op\n-00006360: 6171 7565 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 2069 6e63 aque formats inc\n-00006370: 6c75 6465 2070 726f 7072 6965 7461 7279 lude proprietary\n-00006380: 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 2074 6861 7420 6361 formats that ca\n-00006390: 6e20 6265 2072 6561 6420 616e 640a 2020 n be read and. \n-000063a0: 2020 2065 6469 7465 6420 6f6e 6c79 2062 edited only b\n-000063b0: 7920 7072 6f70 7269 6574 6172 7920 776f y proprietary wo\n-000063c0: 7264 2070 726f 6365 7373 6f72 732c 2053 rd processors, S\n-000063d0: 474d 4c20 6f72 2058 4d4c 2066 6f72 2077 GML or XML for w\n-000063e0: 6869 6368 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 4454 hich. the DT\n-000063f0: 4420 616e 642f 6f72 2070 726f 6365 7373 D and/or process\n-00006400: 696e 6720 746f 6f6c 7320 6172 6520 6e6f ing tools are no\n-00006410: 7420 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 6176 6169 t generally avai\n-00006420: 6c61 626c 652c 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 lable, and. \n-00006430: 7468 6520 6d61 6368 696e 652d 6765 6e65 the machine-gene\n-00006440: 7261 7465 6420 4854 4d4c 2c20 506f 7374 rated HTML, Post\n-00006450: 5363 7269 7074 206f 7220 5044 4620 7072 Script or PDF pr\n-00006460: 6f64 7563 6564 2062 7920 736f 6d65 2077 oduced by some w\n-00006470: 6f72 640a 2020 2020 2070 726f 6365 7373 ord. process\n-00006480: 6f72 7320 666f 7220 6f75 7470 7574 2070 ors for output p\n-00006490: 7572 706f 7365 7320 6f6e 6c79 2e0a 0a20 urposes only... \n-000064a0: 2020 2020 5468 6520 2254 6974 6c65 2050 The \"Title P\n-000064b0: 6167 6522 206d 6561 6e73 2c20 666f 7220 age\" means, for \n-000064c0: 6120 7072 696e 7465 6420 626f 6f6b 2c20 a printed book, \n-000064d0: 7468 6520 7469 746c 6520 7061 6765 2069 the title page i\n-000064e0: 7473 656c 662c 0a20 2020 2020 706c 7573 tself,. plus\n-000064f0: 2073 7563 6820 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 such following \n-00006500: 7061 6765 7320 6173 2061 7265 206e 6565 pages as are nee\n-00006510: 6465 6420 746f 2068 6f6c 642c 206c 6567 ded to hold, leg\n-00006520: 6962 6c79 2c20 7468 650a 2020 2020 206d ibly, the. m\n-00006530: 6174 6572 6961 6c20 7468 6973 204c 6963 aterial this Lic\n-00006540: 656e 7365 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 746f ense requires to\n-00006550: 2061 7070 6561 7220 696e 2074 6865 2074 appear in the t\n-00006560: 6974 6c65 2070 6167 652e 2020 466f 720a itle page. For.\n-00006570: 2020 2020 2077 6f72 6b73 2069 6e20 666f works in fo\n-00006580: 726d 6174 7320 7768 6963 6820 646f 206e rmats which do n\n-00006590: 6f74 2068 6176 6520 616e 7920 7469 746c ot have any titl\n-000065a0: 6520 7061 6765 2061 7320 7375 6368 2c20 e page as such, \n-000065b0: 2254 6974 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 5061 6765 \"Title. Page\n-000065c0: 2220 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 7465 7874 \" means the text\n-000065d0: 206e 6561 7220 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 2070 near the most p\n-000065e0: 726f 6d69 6e65 6e74 2061 7070 6561 7261 rominent appeara\n-000065f0: 6e63 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 nce of the. \n-00006600: 776f 726b 2773 2074 6974 6c65 2c20 7072 work's title, pr\n-00006610: 6563 6564 696e 6720 7468 6520 6265 6769 eceding the begi\n-00006620: 6e6e 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 2062 6f64 nning of the bod\n-00006630: 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6578 742e 0a0a y of the text...\n-00006640: 2020 2020 2041 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2022 A section \"\n-00006650: 456e 7469 746c 6564 2058 595a 2220 6d65 Entitled XYZ\" me\n-00006660: 616e 7320 6120 6e61 6d65 6420 7375 6275 ans a named subu\n-00006670: 6e69 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d nit of the Docum\n-00006680: 656e 740a 2020 2020 2077 686f 7365 2074 ent. whose t\n-00006690: 6974 6c65 2065 6974 6865 7220 6973 2070 itle either is p\n-000066a0: 7265 6369 7365 6c79 2058 595a 206f 7220 recisely XYZ or \n-000066b0: 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2058 595a 2069 6e20 contains XYZ in \n-000066c0: 7061 7265 6e74 6865 7365 730a 2020 2020 parentheses. \n-000066d0: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2074 6578 7420 following text \n-000066e0: 7468 6174 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 7320 that translates \n-000066f0: 5859 5a20 696e 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 206c XYZ in another l\n-00006700: 616e 6775 6167 652e 2020 2848 6572 6520 anguage. (Here \n-00006710: 5859 5a0a 2020 2020 2073 7461 6e64 7320 XYZ. stands \n-00006720: 666f 7220 6120 7370 6563 6966 6963 2073 for a specific s\n-00006730: 6563 7469 6f6e 206e 616d 6520 6d65 6e74 ection name ment\n-00006740: 696f 6e65 6420 6265 6c6f 772c 2073 7563 ioned below, suc\n-00006750: 6820 6173 0a20 2020 2020 2241 636b 6e6f h as. \"Ackno\n-00006760: 776c 6564 6765 6d65 6e74 7322 2c20 2244 wledgements\", \"D\n-00006770: 6564 6963 6174 696f 6e73 222c 2022 456e edications\", \"En\n-00006780: 646f 7273 656d 656e 7473 222c 206f 7220 dorsements\", or \n-00006790: 2248 6973 746f 7279 222e 290a 2020 2020 \"History\".). \n-000067a0: 2054 6f20 2250 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 To \"Preserve th\n-000067b0: 6520 5469 746c 6522 206f 6620 7375 6368 e Title\" of such\n-000067c0: 2061 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2077 6865 6e20 a section when \n-000067d0: 796f 7520 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 6865 0a20 you modify the. \n-000067e0: 2020 2020 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 206d 6561 Document mea\n-000067f0: 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6974 2072 656d 6169 ns that it remai\n-00006800: 6e73 2061 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2022 456e ns a section \"En\n-00006810: 7469 746c 6564 2058 595a 2220 6163 636f titled XYZ\" acco\n-00006820: 7264 696e 670a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 7468 rding. to th\n-00006830: 6973 2064 6566 696e 6974 696f 6e2e 0a0a is definition...\n-00006840: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e The Documen\n-00006850: 7420 6d61 7920 696e 636c 7564 6520 5761 t may include Wa\n-00006860: 7272 616e 7479 2044 6973 636c 6169 6d65 rranty Disclaime\n-00006870: 7273 206e 6578 7420 746f 2074 6865 206e rs next to the n\n-00006880: 6f74 6963 650a 2020 2020 2077 6869 6368 otice. which\n-00006890: 2073 7461 7465 7320 7468 6174 2074 6869 states that thi\n-000068a0: 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 6170 706c 6965 s License applie\n-000068b0: 7320 746f 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e s to the Documen\n-000068c0: 742e 2020 5468 6573 650a 2020 2020 2057 t. These. W\n-000068d0: 6172 7261 6e74 7920 4469 7363 6c61 696d arranty Disclaim\n-000068e0: 6572 7320 6172 6520 636f 6e73 6964 6572 ers are consider\n-000068f0: 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 ed to be include\n-00006900: 6420 6279 2072 6566 6572 656e 6365 2069 d by reference i\n-00006910: 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 n. this Lice\n-00006920: 6e73 652c 2062 7574 206f 6e6c 7920 6173 nse, but only as\n-00006930: 2072 6567 6172 6473 2064 6973 636c 6169 regards disclai\n-00006940: 6d69 6e67 2077 6172 7261 6e74 6965 733a ming warranties:\n-00006950: 2061 6e79 206f 7468 6572 0a20 2020 2020 any other. \n-00006960: 696d 706c 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7468 6174 implication that\n-00006970: 2074 6865 7365 2057 6172 7261 6e74 7920 these Warranty \n-00006980: 4469 7363 6c61 696d 6572 7320 6d61 7920 Disclaimers may \n-00006990: 6861 7665 2069 7320 766f 6964 2061 6e64 have is void and\n-000069a0: 0a20 2020 2020 6861 7320 6e6f 2065 6666 . has no eff\n-000069b0: 6563 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 206d 6561 6e69 ect on the meani\n-000069c0: 6e67 206f 6620 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e ng of this Licen\n-000069d0: 7365 2e0a 0a20 2032 2e20 5645 5242 4154 se... 2. VERBAT\n-000069e0: 494d 2043 4f50 5949 4e47 0a0a 2020 2020 IM COPYING.. \n-000069f0: 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2063 6f70 7920 616e You may copy an\n-00006a00: 6420 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2074 6865 d distribute the\n-00006a10: 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 696e 2061 6e79 Document in any\n-00006a20: 206d 6564 6975 6d2c 2065 6974 6865 720a medium, either.\n-00006a30: 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d65 7263 6961 6c6c commerciall\n-00006a40: 7920 6f72 206e 6f6e 636f 6d6d 6572 6369 y or noncommerci\n-00006a50: 616c 6c79 2c20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2074 ally, provided t\n-00006a60: 6861 7420 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 hat this License\n-00006a70: 2c20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f70 7972 , the. copyr\n-00006a80: 6967 6874 206e 6f74 6963 6573 2c20 616e ight notices, an\n-00006a90: 6420 7468 6520 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 6e6f d the license no\n-00006aa0: 7469 6365 2073 6179 696e 6720 7468 6973 tice saying this\n-00006ab0: 204c 6963 656e 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6170 License. ap\n-00006ac0: 706c 6965 7320 746f 2074 6865 2044 6f63 plies to the Doc\n-00006ad0: 756d 656e 7420 6172 6520 7265 7072 6f64 ument are reprod\n-00006ae0: 7563 6564 2069 6e20 616c 6c20 636f 7069 uced in all copi\n-00006af0: 6573 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6174 2079 6f75 es, and that you\n-00006b00: 0a20 2020 2020 6164 6420 6e6f 206f 7468 . add no oth\n-00006b10: 6572 2063 6f6e 6469 7469 6f6e 7320 7768 er conditions wh\n-00006b20: 6174 736f 6576 6572 2074 6f20 7468 6f73 atsoever to thos\n-00006b30: 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 e of this Licens\n-00006b40: 652e 2020 596f 750a 2020 2020 206d 6179 e. You. may\n-00006b50: 206e 6f74 2075 7365 2074 6563 686e 6963 not use technic\n-00006b60: 616c 206d 6561 7375 7265 7320 746f 206f al measures to o\n-00006b70: 6273 7472 7563 7420 6f72 2063 6f6e 7472 bstruct or contr\n-00006b80: 6f6c 2074 6865 2072 6561 6469 6e67 0a20 ol the reading. \n-00006b90: 2020 2020 6f72 2066 7572 7468 6572 2063 or further c\n-00006ba0: 6f70 7969 6e67 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f opying of the co\n-00006bb0: 7069 6573 2079 6f75 206d 616b 6520 6f72 pies you make or\n-00006bc0: 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 652e 2020 486f distribute. Ho\n-00006bd0: 7765 7665 722c 0a20 2020 2020 796f 7520 wever,. you \n-00006be0: 6d61 7920 6163 6365 7074 2063 6f6d 7065 may accept compe\n-00006bf0: 6e73 6174 696f 6e20 696e 2065 7863 6861 nsation in excha\n-00006c00: 6e67 6520 666f 7220 636f 7069 6573 2e20 nge for copies. \n-00006c10: 2049 6620 796f 750a 2020 2020 2064 6973 If you. dis\n-00006c20: 7472 6962 7574 6520 6120 6c61 7267 6520 tribute a large \n-00006c30: 656e 6f75 6768 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 enough number of\n-00006c40: 2063 6f70 6965 7320 796f 7520 6d75 7374 copies you must\n-00006c50: 2061 6c73 6f20 666f 6c6c 6f77 2074 6865 also follow the\n-00006c60: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e64 6974 696f 6e73 . conditions\n-00006c70: 2069 6e20 7365 6374 696f 6e20 332e 0a0a in section 3...\n-00006c80: 2020 2020 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2061 6c73 You may als\n-00006c90: 6f20 6c65 6e64 2063 6f70 6965 732c 2075 o lend copies, u\n-00006ca0: 6e64 6572 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 636f nder the same co\n-00006cb0: 6e64 6974 696f 6e73 2073 7461 7465 6420 nditions stated \n-00006cc0: 6162 6f76 652c 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 above,. and \n-00006cd0: 796f 7520 6d61 7920 7075 626c 6963 6c79 you may publicly\n-00006ce0: 2064 6973 706c 6179 2063 6f70 6965 732e display copies.\n-00006cf0: 0a0a 2020 332e 2043 4f50 5949 4e47 2049 .. 3. COPYING I\n-00006d00: 4e20 5155 414e 5449 5459 0a0a 2020 2020 N QUANTITY.. \n-00006d10: 2049 6620 796f 7520 7075 626c 6973 6820 If you publish \n-00006d20: 7072 696e 7465 6420 636f 7069 6573 2028 printed copies (\n-00006d30: 6f72 2063 6f70 6965 7320 696e 206d 6564 or copies in med\n-00006d40: 6961 2074 6861 7420 636f 6d6d 6f6e 6c79 ia that commonly\n-00006d50: 0a20 2020 2020 6861 7665 2070 7269 6e74 . have print\n-00006d60: 6564 2063 6f76 6572 7329 206f 6620 7468 ed covers) of th\n-00006d70: 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2c20 6e75 6d62 e Document, numb\n-00006d80: 6572 696e 6720 6d6f 7265 2074 6861 6e20 ering more than \n-00006d90: 3130 302c 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 7468 100, and. th\n-00006da0: 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2773 206c 6963 e Document's lic\n-00006db0: 656e 7365 206e 6f74 6963 6520 7265 7175 ense notice requ\n-00006dc0: 6972 6573 2043 6f76 6572 2054 6578 7473 ires Cover Texts\n-00006dd0: 2c20 796f 7520 6d75 7374 0a20 2020 2020 , you must. \n-00006de0: 656e 636c 6f73 6520 7468 6520 636f 7069 enclose the copi\n-00006df0: 6573 2069 6e20 636f 7665 7273 2074 6861 es in covers tha\n-00006e00: 7420 6361 7272 792c 2063 6c65 6172 6c79 t carry, clearly\n-00006e10: 2061 6e64 206c 6567 6962 6c79 2c20 616c and legibly, al\n-00006e20: 6c0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 7365 2043 6f76 l. these Cov\n-00006e30: 6572 2054 6578 7473 3a20 4672 6f6e 742d er Texts: Front-\n-00006e40: 436f 7665 7220 5465 7874 7320 6f6e 2074 Cover Texts on t\n-00006e50: 6865 2066 726f 6e74 2063 6f76 6572 2c20 he front cover, \n-00006e60: 616e 640a 2020 2020 2042 6163 6b2d 436f and. Back-Co\n-00006e70: 7665 7220 5465 7874 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 ver Texts on the\n-00006e80: 2062 6163 6b20 636f 7665 722e 2020 426f back cover. Bo\n-00006e90: 7468 2063 6f76 6572 7320 6d75 7374 2061 th covers must a\n-00006ea0: 6c73 6f20 636c 6561 726c 790a 2020 2020 lso clearly. \n-00006eb0: 2061 6e64 206c 6567 6962 6c79 2069 6465 and legibly ide\n-00006ec0: 6e74 6966 7920 796f 7520 6173 2074 6865 ntify you as the\n-00006ed0: 2070 7562 6c69 7368 6572 206f 6620 7468 publisher of th\n-00006ee0: 6573 6520 636f 7069 6573 2e20 2054 6865 ese copies. The\n-00006ef0: 0a20 2020 2020 6672 6f6e 7420 636f 7665 . front cove\n-00006f00: 7220 6d75 7374 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2074 r must present t\n-00006f10: 6865 2066 756c 6c20 7469 746c 6520 7769 he full title wi\n-00006f20: 7468 2061 6c6c 2077 6f72 6473 206f 6620 th all words of \n-00006f30: 7468 6520 7469 746c 650a 2020 2020 2065 the title. e\n-00006f40: 7175 616c 6c79 2070 726f 6d69 6e65 6e74 qually prominent\n-00006f50: 2061 6e64 2076 6973 6962 6c65 2e20 2059 and visible. Y\n-00006f60: 6f75 206d 6179 2061 6464 206f 7468 6572 ou may add other\n-00006f70: 206d 6174 6572 6961 6c20 6f6e 2074 6865 material on the\n-00006f80: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 7665 7273 2069 6e20 . covers in \n-00006f90: 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 2e20 2043 6f70 7969 addition. Copyi\n-00006fa0: 6e67 2077 6974 6820 6368 616e 6765 7320 ng with changes \n-00006fb0: 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 746f 2074 6865 2063 limited to the c\n-00006fc0: 6f76 6572 732c 2061 730a 2020 2020 206c overs, as. l\n-00006fd0: 6f6e 6720 6173 2074 6865 7920 7072 6573 ong as they pres\n-00006fe0: 6572 7665 2074 6865 2074 6974 6c65 206f erve the title o\n-00006ff0: 6620 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2061 f the Document a\n-00007000: 6e64 2073 6174 6973 6679 2074 6865 7365 nd satisfy these\n-00007010: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e64 6974 696f 6e73 . conditions\n-00007020: 2c20 6361 6e20 6265 2074 7265 6174 6564 , can be treated\n-00007030: 2061 7320 7665 7262 6174 696d 2063 6f70 as verbatim cop\n-00007040: 7969 6e67 2069 6e20 6f74 6865 7220 7265 ying in other re\n-00007050: 7370 6563 7473 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 spects... If\n-00007060: 2074 6865 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 7465 the required te\n-00007070: 7874 7320 666f 7220 6569 7468 6572 2063 xts for either c\n-00007080: 6f76 6572 2061 7265 2074 6f6f 2076 6f6c over are too vol\n-00007090: 756d 696e 6f75 7320 746f 2066 6974 0a20 uminous to fit. \n-000070a0: 2020 2020 6c65 6769 626c 792c 2079 6f75 legibly, you\n-000070b0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 7075 7420 7468 6520 should put the \n-000070c0: 6669 7273 7420 6f6e 6573 206c 6973 7465 first ones liste\n-000070d0: 6420 2861 7320 6d61 6e79 2061 7320 6669 d (as many as fi\n-000070e0: 740a 2020 2020 2072 6561 736f 6e61 626c t. reasonabl\n-000070f0: 7929 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6163 7475 616c y) on the actual\n-00007100: 2063 6f76 6572 2c20 616e 6420 636f 6e74 cover, and cont\n-00007110: 696e 7565 2074 6865 2072 6573 7420 6f6e inue the rest on\n-00007120: 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6164 6a61 6365 6e74 to. adjacent\n-00007130: 2070 6167 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 pages... If\n-00007140: 2079 6f75 2070 7562 6c69 7368 206f 7220 you publish or \n-00007150: 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 204f 7061 7175 distribute Opaqu\n-00007160: 6520 636f 7069 6573 206f 6620 7468 6520 e copies of the \n-00007170: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 6e75 Document. nu\n-00007180: 6d62 6572 696e 6720 6d6f 7265 2074 6861 mbering more tha\n-00007190: 6e20 3130 302c 2079 6f75 206d 7573 7420 n 100, you must \n-000071a0: 6569 7468 6572 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2061 either include a\n-000071b0: 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2d72 6561 6461 626c machine-readabl\n-000071c0: 650a 2020 2020 2054 7261 6e73 7061 7265 e. Transpare\n-000071d0: 6e74 2063 6f70 7920 616c 6f6e 6720 7769 nt copy along wi\n-000071e0: 7468 2065 6163 6820 4f70 6171 7565 2063 th each Opaque c\n-000071f0: 6f70 792c 206f 7220 7374 6174 6520 696e opy, or state in\n-00007200: 206f 7220 7769 7468 0a20 2020 2020 6561 or with. ea\n-00007210: 6368 204f 7061 7175 6520 636f 7079 2061 ch Opaque copy a\n-00007220: 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 722d 6e65 7477 6f72 computer-networ\n-00007230: 6b20 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2066 726f 6d20 k location from \n-00007240: 7768 6963 6820 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 which the genera\n-00007250: 6c0a 2020 2020 206e 6574 776f 726b 2d75 l. network-u\n-00007260: 7369 6e67 2070 7562 6c69 6320 6861 7320 sing public has \n-00007270: 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f20 646f 776e 6c6f access to downlo\n-00007280: 6164 2075 7369 6e67 2070 7562 6c69 632d ad using public-\n-00007290: 7374 616e 6461 7264 0a20 2020 2020 6e65 standard. ne\n-000072a0: 7477 6f72 6b20 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 7320 twork protocols \n-000072b0: 6120 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 2054 7261 6e73 a complete Trans\n-000072c0: 7061 7265 6e74 2063 6f70 7920 6f66 2074 parent copy of t\n-000072d0: 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 742c 2066 7265 he Document, fre\n-000072e0: 650a 2020 2020 206f 6620 6164 6465 6420 e. of added \n-000072f0: 6d61 7465 7269 616c 2e20 2049 6620 796f material. If yo\n-00007300: 7520 7573 6520 7468 6520 6c61 7474 6572 u use the latter\n-00007310: 206f 7074 696f 6e2c 2079 6f75 206d 7573 option, you mus\n-00007320: 7420 7461 6b65 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6173 t take. reas\n-00007330: 6f6e 6162 6c79 2070 7275 6465 6e74 2073 onably prudent s\n-00007340: 7465 7073 2c20 7768 656e 2079 6f75 2062 teps, when you b\n-00007350: 6567 696e 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f egin distributio\n-00007360: 6e20 6f66 204f 7061 7175 650a 2020 2020 n of Opaque. \n-00007370: 2063 6f70 6965 7320 696e 2071 7561 6e74 copies in quant\n-00007380: 6974 792c 2074 6f20 656e 7375 7265 2074 ity, to ensure t\n-00007390: 6861 7420 7468 6973 2054 7261 6e73 7061 hat this Transpa\n-000073a0: 7265 6e74 2063 6f70 7920 7769 6c6c 0a20 rent copy will. \n-000073b0: 2020 2020 7265 6d61 696e 2074 6875 7320 remain thus \n-000073c0: 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 2061 7420 7468 accessible at th\n-000073d0: 6520 7374 6174 6564 206c 6f63 6174 696f e stated locatio\n-000073e0: 6e20 756e 7469 6c20 6174 206c 6561 7374 n until at least\n-000073f0: 206f 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 7965 6172 2061 one. year a\n-00007400: 6674 6572 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 7469 fter the last ti\n-00007410: 6d65 2079 6f75 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 me you distribut\n-00007420: 6520 616e 204f 7061 7175 6520 636f 7079 e an Opaque copy\n-00007430: 2028 6469 7265 6374 6c79 206f 720a 2020 (directly or. \n-00007440: 2020 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2079 6f75 7220 through your \n-00007450: 6167 656e 7473 206f 7220 7265 7461 696c agents or retail\n-00007460: 6572 7329 206f 6620 7468 6174 2065 6469 ers) of that edi\n-00007470: 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7075 626c tion to the publ\n-00007480: 6963 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4974 2069 7320 ic... It is \n-00007490: 7265 7175 6573 7465 642c 2062 7574 206e requested, but n\n-000074a0: 6f74 2072 6571 7569 7265 642c 2074 6861 ot required, tha\n-000074b0: 7420 796f 7520 636f 6e74 6163 7420 7468 t you contact th\n-000074c0: 6520 6175 7468 6f72 7320 6f66 0a20 2020 e authors of. \n-000074d0: 2020 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2077 the Document w\n-000074e0: 656c 6c20 6265 666f 7265 2072 6564 6973 ell before redis\n-000074f0: 7472 6962 7574 696e 6720 616e 7920 6c61 tributing any la\n-00007500: 7267 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 636f rge number of co\n-00007510: 7069 6573 2c0a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 6769 pies,. to gi\n-00007520: 7665 2074 6865 6d20 6120 6368 616e 6365 ve them a chance\n-00007530: 2074 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6520 796f 7520 to provide you \n-00007540: 7769 7468 2061 6e20 7570 6461 7465 6420 with an updated \n-00007550: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 version of the. \n-00007560: 2020 2020 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2e0a 0a20 Document... \n-00007570: 2034 2e20 4d4f 4449 4649 4341 5449 4f4e 4. MODIFICATION\n-00007580: 530a 0a20 2020 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 S.. You may \n-00007590: 636f 7079 2061 6e64 2064 6973 7472 6962 copy and distrib\n-000075a0: 7574 6520 6120 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 ute a Modified V\n-000075b0: 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 446f ersion of the Do\n-000075c0: 6375 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 756e 6465 cument. unde\n-000075d0: 7220 7468 6520 636f 6e64 6974 696f 6e73 r the conditions\n-000075e0: 206f 6620 7365 6374 696f 6e73 2032 2061 of sections 2 a\n-000075f0: 6e64 2033 2061 626f 7665 2c20 7072 6f76 nd 3 above, prov\n-00007600: 6964 6564 2074 6861 7420 796f 750a 2020 ided that you. \n-00007610: 2020 2072 656c 6561 7365 2074 6865 204d release the M\n-00007620: 6f64 6966 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f 6e20 odified Version \n-00007630: 756e 6465 7220 7072 6563 6973 656c 7920 under precisely \n-00007640: 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 2c20 7769 this License, wi\n-00007650: 7468 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 4d6f 6469 th the. Modi\n-00007660: 6669 6564 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2066 696c fied Version fil\n-00007670: 6c69 6e67 2074 6865 2072 6f6c 6520 6f66 ling the role of\n-00007680: 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 742c 2074 the Document, t\n-00007690: 6875 7320 6c69 6365 6e73 696e 670a 2020 hus licensing. \n-000076a0: 2020 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e20 distribution \n-000076b0: 616e 6420 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e and modification\n-000076c0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 of the Modified\n-000076d0: 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2074 6f20 7768 6f65 Version to whoe\n-000076e0: 7665 720a 2020 2020 2070 6f73 7365 7373 ver. possess\n-000076f0: 6573 2061 2063 6f70 7920 6f66 2069 742e es a copy of it.\n-00007700: 2020 496e 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e2c 2079 In addition, y\n-00007710: 6f75 206d 7573 7420 646f 2074 6865 7365 ou must do these\n-00007720: 2074 6869 6e67 7320 696e 0a20 2020 2020 things in. \n-00007730: 7468 6520 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 the Modified Ver\n-00007740: 7369 6f6e 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 412e sion:.. A.\n-00007750: 2055 7365 2069 6e20 7468 6520 5469 746c Use in the Titl\n-00007760: 6520 5061 6765 2028 616e 6420 6f6e 2074 e Page (and on t\n-00007770: 6865 2063 6f76 6572 732c 2069 6620 616e he covers, if an\n-00007780: 7929 2061 2074 6974 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 y) a title. \n-00007790: 2020 2020 2064 6973 7469 6e63 7420 6672 distinct fr\n-000077a0: 6f6d 2074 6861 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2044 om that of the D\n-000077b0: 6f63 756d 656e 742c 2061 6e64 2066 726f ocument, and fro\n-000077c0: 6d20 7468 6f73 6520 6f66 2070 7265 7669 m those of previ\n-000077d0: 6f75 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7665 ous. ve\n-000077e0: 7273 696f 6e73 2028 7768 6963 6820 7368 rsions (which sh\n-000077f0: 6f75 6c64 2c20 6966 2074 6865 7265 2077 ould, if there w\n-00007800: 6572 6520 616e 792c 2062 6520 6c69 7374 ere any, be list\n-00007810: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 ed in the. \n-00007820: 2020 2020 4869 7374 6f72 7920 7365 6374 History sect\n-00007830: 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d ion of the Docum\n-00007840: 656e 7429 2e20 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2075 ent). You may u\n-00007850: 7365 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7469 746c se the same titl\n-00007860: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6173 2061 e. as a\n-00007870: 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7665 7273 696f previous versio\n-00007880: 6e20 6966 2074 6865 206f 7269 6769 6e61 n if the origina\n-00007890: 6c20 7075 626c 6973 6865 7220 6f66 2074 l publisher of t\n-000078a0: 6861 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7665 hat. ve\n-000078b0: 7273 696f 6e20 6769 7665 7320 7065 726d rsion gives perm\n-000078c0: 6973 7369 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ission... \n-000078d0: 422e 204c 6973 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 2054 B. List on the T\n-000078e0: 6974 6c65 2050 6167 652c 2061 7320 6175 itle Page, as au\n-000078f0: 7468 6f72 732c 206f 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f thors, one or mo\n-00007900: 7265 2070 6572 736f 6e73 206f 720a 2020 re persons or. \n-00007910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 656e 7469 7469 6573 entities\n-00007920: 2072 6573 706f 6e73 6962 6c65 2066 6f72 responsible for\n-00007930: 2061 7574 686f 7273 6869 7020 6f66 2074 authorship of t\n-00007940: 6865 206d 6f64 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e73 he modifications\n-00007950: 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 in. th\n-00007960: 6520 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 7369 e Modified Versi\n-00007970: 6f6e 2c20 746f 6765 7468 6572 2077 6974 on, together wit\n-00007980: 6820 6174 206c 6561 7374 2066 6976 6520 h at least five \n-00007990: 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 of the. \n-000079a0: 2070 7269 6e63 6970 616c 2061 7574 686f principal autho\n-000079b0: 7273 206f 6620 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 rs of the Docume\n-000079c0: 6e74 2028 616c 6c20 6f66 2069 7473 2070 nt (all of its p\n-000079d0: 7269 6e63 6970 616c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 rincipal. \n-000079e0: 2020 2061 7574 686f 7273 2c20 6966 2069 authors, if i\n-000079f0: 7420 6861 7320 6665 7765 7220 7468 616e t has fewer than\n-00007a00: 2066 6976 6529 2c20 756e 6c65 7373 2074 five), unless t\n-00007a10: 6865 7920 7265 6c65 6173 6520 796f 750a hey release you.\n-00007a20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6672 6f6d 2074 from t\n-00007a30: 6869 7320 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e 742e his requirement.\n-00007a40: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2043 2e20 5374 6174 .. C. Stat\n-00007a50: 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 2054 6974 6c65 2070 e on the Title p\n-00007a60: 6167 6520 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 age the name of \n-00007a70: 7468 6520 7075 626c 6973 6865 7220 6f66 the publisher of\n-00007a80: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 204d the. M\n-00007a90: 6f64 6966 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f 6e2c odified Version,\n-00007aa0: 2061 7320 7468 6520 7075 626c 6973 6865 as the publishe\n-00007ab0: 722e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2044 2e20 5072 r... D. Pr\n-00007ac0: 6573 6572 7665 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2063 eserve all the c\n-00007ad0: 6f70 7972 6967 6874 206e 6f74 6963 6573 opyright notices\n-00007ae0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 of the Document\n-00007af0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 452e 2041 6464 ... E. Add\n-00007b00: 2061 6e20 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 an appropriate \n-00007b10: 636f 7079 7269 6768 7420 6e6f 7469 6365 copyright notice\n-00007b20: 2066 6f72 2079 6f75 7220 6d6f 6469 6669 for your modifi\n-00007b30: 6361 7469 6f6e 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 cations. \n-00007b40: 2020 6164 6a61 6365 6e74 2074 6f20 7468 adjacent to th\n-00007b50: 6520 6f74 6865 7220 636f 7079 7269 6768 e other copyrigh\n-00007b60: 7420 6e6f 7469 6365 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 t notices... \n-00007b70: 2020 2046 2e20 496e 636c 7564 652c 2069 F. Include, i\n-00007b80: 6d6d 6564 6961 7465 6c79 2061 6674 6572 mmediately after\n-00007b90: 2074 6865 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 206e the copyright n\n-00007ba0: 6f74 6963 6573 2c20 6120 6c69 6365 6e73 otices, a licens\n-00007bb0: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 7469 e. noti\n-00007bc0: 6365 2067 6976 696e 6720 7468 6520 7075 ce giving the pu\n-00007bd0: 626c 6963 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 blic permission \n-00007be0: 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 204d 6f64 6966 to use the Modif\n-00007bf0: 6965 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5665 ied. Ve\n-00007c00: 7273 696f 6e20 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 rsion under the \n-00007c10: 7465 726d 7320 6f66 2074 6869 7320 4c69 terms of this Li\n-00007c20: 6365 6e73 652c 2069 6e20 7468 6520 666f cense, in the fo\n-00007c30: 726d 2073 686f 776e 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 rm shown in. \n-00007c40: 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 4164 6465 6e64 the Addend\n-00007c50: 756d 2062 656c 6f77 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 um below... \n-00007c60: 2020 472e 2050 7265 7365 7276 6520 696e G. Preserve in\n-00007c70: 2074 6861 7420 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 6e6f that license no\n-00007c80: 7469 6365 2074 6865 2066 756c 6c20 6c69 tice the full li\n-00007c90: 7374 7320 6f66 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 sts of Invariant\n-00007ca0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6563 7469 . Secti\n-00007cb0: 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 7265 7175 6972 6564 ons and required\n-00007cc0: 2043 6f76 6572 2054 6578 7473 2067 6976 Cover Texts giv\n-00007cd0: 656e 2069 6e20 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 en in the Docume\n-00007ce0: 6e74 2773 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c nt's. l\n-00007cf0: 6963 656e 7365 206e 6f74 6963 652e 0a0a icense notice...\n-00007d00: 2020 2020 2020 2048 2e20 496e 636c 7564 H. Includ\n-00007d10: 6520 616e 2075 6e61 6c74 6572 6564 2063 e an unaltered c\n-00007d20: 6f70 7920 6f66 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 opy of this Lice\n-00007d30: 6e73 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2049 2e20 nse... I. \n-00007d40: 5072 6573 6572 7665 2074 6865 2073 6563 Preserve the sec\n-00007d50: 7469 6f6e 2045 6e74 6974 6c65 6420 2248 tion Entitled \"H\n-00007d60: 6973 746f 7279 222c 2050 7265 7365 7276 istory\", Preserv\n-00007d70: 6520 6974 7320 5469 746c 652c 0a20 2020 e its Title,. \n-00007d80: 2020 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2061 6464 2074 and add t\n-00007d90: 6f20 6974 2061 6e20 6974 656d 2073 7461 o it an item sta\n-00007da0: 7469 6e67 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 7468 ting at least th\n-00007db0: 6520 7469 746c 652c 2079 6561 722c 206e e title, year, n\n-00007dc0: 6577 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 7574 ew. aut\n-00007dd0: 686f 7273 2c20 616e 6420 7075 626c 6973 hors, and publis\n-00007de0: 6865 7220 6f66 2074 6865 204d 6f64 6966 her of the Modif\n-00007df0: 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f 6e20 6173 2067 ied Version as g\n-00007e00: 6976 656e 206f 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 iven on the. \n-00007e10: 2020 2020 2020 5469 746c 6520 5061 6765 Title Page\n-00007e20: 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 6973 206e . If there is n\n-00007e30: 6f20 7365 6374 696f 6e20 456e 7469 746c o section Entitl\n-00007e40: 6564 2022 4869 7374 6f72 7922 2069 6e20 ed \"History\" in \n-00007e50: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 446f the. Do\n-00007e60: 6375 6d65 6e74 2c20 6372 6561 7465 206f cument, create o\n-00007e70: 6e65 2073 7461 7469 6e67 2074 6865 2074 ne stating the t\n-00007e80: 6974 6c65 2c20 7965 6172 2c20 6175 7468 itle, year, auth\n-00007e90: 6f72 732c 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ors, and. \n-00007ea0: 2020 2070 7562 6c69 7368 6572 206f 6620 publisher of \n-00007eb0: 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2061 7320 the Document as \n-00007ec0: 6769 7665 6e20 6f6e 2069 7473 2054 6974 given on its Tit\n-00007ed0: 6c65 2050 6167 652c 2074 6865 6e20 6164 le Page, then ad\n-00007ee0: 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 616e 2069 d. an i\n-00007ef0: 7465 6d20 6465 7363 7269 6269 6e67 2074 tem describing t\n-00007f00: 6865 204d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 5665 7273 he Modified Vers\n-00007f10: 696f 6e20 6173 2073 7461 7465 6420 696e ion as stated in\n-00007f20: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 the. p\n-00007f30: 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7365 6e74 656e 6365 revious sentence\n-00007f40: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4a2e 2050 7265 ... J. Pre\n-00007f50: 7365 7276 6520 7468 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 serve the networ\n-00007f60: 6b20 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 6966 2061 k location, if a\n-00007f70: 6e79 2c20 6769 7665 6e20 696e 2074 6865 ny, given in the\n-00007f80: 2044 6f63 756d 656e 740a 2020 2020 2020 Document. \n-00007f90: 2020 2020 666f 7220 7075 626c 6963 2061 for public a\n-00007fa0: 6363 6573 7320 746f 2061 2054 7261 6e73 ccess to a Trans\n-00007fb0: 7061 7265 6e74 2063 6f70 7920 6f66 2074 parent copy of t\n-00007fc0: 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 742c 2061 6e64 he Document, and\n-00007fd0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 696b 6577 . likew\n-00007fe0: 6973 6520 7468 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 ise the network \n-00007ff0: 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 6769 7665 6e20 locations given \n-00008000: 696e 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 in the Document \n-00008010: 666f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7072 for. pr\n-00008020: 6576 696f 7573 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 evious versions \n-00008030: 6974 2077 6173 2062 6173 6564 206f 6e2e it was based on.\n-00008040: 2020 5468 6573 6520 6d61 7920 6265 2070 These may be p\n-00008050: 6c61 6365 6420 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 laced in the. \n-00008060: 2020 2020 2020 2022 4869 7374 6f72 7922 \"History\"\n-00008070: 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2e20 2059 6f75 206d section. You m\n-00008080: 6179 206f 6d69 7420 6120 6e65 7477 6f72 ay omit a networ\n-00008090: 6b20 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2061 k location for a\n-000080a0: 2077 6f72 6b0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 work. \n-000080b0: 7468 6174 2077 6173 2070 7562 6c69 7368 that was publish\n-000080c0: 6564 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 666f 7572 ed at least four\n-000080d0: 2079 6561 7273 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7468 years before th\n-000080e0: 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 e Document. \n-000080f0: 2020 2020 2069 7473 656c 662c 206f 7220 itself, or \n-00008100: 6966 2074 6865 206f 7269 6769 6e61 6c20 if the original \n-00008110: 7075 626c 6973 6865 7220 6f66 2074 6865 publisher of the\n-00008120: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2069 7420 7265 6665 version it refe\n-00008130: 7273 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6f20 rs. to \n-00008140: 6769 7665 7320 7065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e gives permission\n-00008150: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4b2e 2046 6f72 ... K. For\n-00008160: 2061 6e79 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2045 6e74 any section Ent\n-00008170: 6974 6c65 6420 2241 636b 6e6f 776c 6564 itled \"Acknowled\n-00008180: 6765 6d65 6e74 7322 206f 7220 2244 6564 gements\" or \"Ded\n-00008190: 6963 6174 696f 6e73 222c 0a20 2020 2020 ications\",. \n-000081a0: 2020 2020 2050 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 Preserve th\n-000081b0: 6520 5469 746c 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2073 e Title of the s\n-000081c0: 6563 7469 6f6e 2c20 616e 6420 7072 6573 ection, and pres\n-000081d0: 6572 7665 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7365 6374 erve in the sect\n-000081e0: 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 616c ion. al\n-000081f0: 6c20 7468 6520 7375 6273 7461 6e63 6520 l the substance \n-00008200: 616e 6420 746f 6e65 206f 6620 6561 6368 and tone of each\n-00008210: 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6e74 7269 6275 of the contribu\n-00008220: 746f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6163 tor. ac\n-00008230: 6b6e 6f77 6c65 6467 656d 656e 7473 2061 knowledgements a\n-00008240: 6e64 2f6f 7220 6465 6469 6361 7469 6f6e nd/or dedication\n-00008250: 7320 6769 7665 6e20 7468 6572 6569 6e2e s given therein.\n-00008260: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 204c 2e20 5072 6573 .. L. Pres\n-00008270: 6572 7665 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2049 6e76 erve all the Inv\n-00008280: 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 ariant Sections \n-00008290: 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 742c of the Document,\n-000082a0: 2075 6e61 6c74 6572 6564 0a20 2020 2020 unaltered. \n-000082b0: 2020 2020 2069 6e20 7468 6569 7220 7465 in their te\n-000082c0: 7874 2061 6e64 2069 6e20 7468 6569 7220 xt and in their \n-000082d0: 7469 746c 6573 2e20 2053 6563 7469 6f6e titles. Section\n-000082e0: 206e 756d 6265 7273 206f 7220 7468 650a numbers or the.\n-000082f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6571 7569 7661 equiva\n-00008300: 6c65 6e74 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e lent are not con\n-00008310: 7369 6465 7265 6420 7061 7274 206f 6620 sidered part of \n-00008320: 7468 6520 7365 6374 696f 6e20 7469 746c the section titl\n-00008330: 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4d2e 2044 es... M. D\n-00008340: 656c 6574 6520 616e 7920 7365 6374 696f elete any sectio\n-00008350: 6e20 456e 7469 746c 6564 2022 456e 646f n Entitled \"Endo\n-00008360: 7273 656d 656e 7473 222e 2020 5375 6368 rsements\". Such\n-00008370: 2061 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 a section. \n-00008380: 2020 2020 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2062 6520 may not be \n-00008390: 696e 636c 7564 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 included in the \n-000083a0: 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 7369 6f6e Modified Version\n-000083b0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4e2e 2044 6f20 ... N. Do \n-000083c0: 6e6f 7420 7265 7469 746c 6520 616e 7920 not retitle any \n-000083d0: 6578 6973 7469 6e67 2073 6563 7469 6f6e existing section\n-000083e0: 2074 6f20 6265 2045 6e74 6974 6c65 640a to be Entitled.\n-000083f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2245 6e64 6f72 \"Endor\n-00008400: 7365 6d65 6e74 7322 206f 7220 746f 2063 sements\" or to c\n-00008410: 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 696e 2074 6974 6c65 onflict in title\n-00008420: 2077 6974 6820 616e 7920 496e 7661 7269 with any Invari\n-00008430: 616e 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5365 ant. Se\n-00008440: 6374 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 204f ction... O\n-00008450: 2e20 5072 6573 6572 7665 2061 6e79 2057 . Preserve any W\n-00008460: 6172 7261 6e74 7920 4469 7363 6c61 696d arranty Disclaim\n-00008470: 6572 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 ers... If th\n-00008480: 6520 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 7369 e Modified Versi\n-00008490: 6f6e 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 7320 6e65 7720 on includes new \n-000084a0: 6672 6f6e 742d 6d61 7474 6572 2073 6563 front-matter sec\n-000084b0: 7469 6f6e 7320 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6170 tions or. ap\n-000084c0: 7065 6e64 6963 6573 2074 6861 7420 7175 pendices that qu\n-000084d0: 616c 6966 7920 6173 2053 6563 6f6e 6461 alify as Seconda\n-000084e0: 7279 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 ry Sections and \n-000084f0: 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 6e6f 0a20 2020 2020 contain no. \n-00008500: 6d61 7465 7269 616c 2063 6f70 6965 6420 material copied \n-00008510: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e from the Documen\n-00008520: 742c 2079 6f75 206d 6179 2061 7420 796f t, you may at yo\n-00008530: 7572 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6465 7369 676e ur option design\n-00008540: 6174 650a 2020 2020 2073 6f6d 6520 6f72 ate. some or\n-00008550: 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 6573 6520 7365 all of these se\n-00008560: 6374 696f 6e73 2061 7320 696e 7661 7269 ctions as invari\n-00008570: 616e 742e 2020 546f 2064 6f20 7468 6973 ant. To do this\n-00008580: 2c20 6164 6420 7468 6569 720a 2020 2020 , add their. \n-00008590: 2074 6974 6c65 7320 746f 2074 6865 206c titles to the l\n-000085a0: 6973 7420 6f66 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 ist of Invariant\n-000085b0: 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 696e 2074 6865 Sections in the\n-000085c0: 204d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f Modified Versio\n-000085d0: 6e27 730a 2020 2020 206c 6963 656e 7365 n's. license\n-000085e0: 206e 6f74 6963 652e 2020 5468 6573 6520 notice. These \n-000085f0: 7469 746c 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 2064 titles must be d\n-00008600: 6973 7469 6e63 7420 6672 6f6d 2061 6e79 istinct from any\n-00008610: 206f 7468 6572 0a20 2020 2020 7365 6374 other. sect\n-00008620: 696f 6e20 7469 746c 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 ion titles... \n-00008630: 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 6164 6420 6120 You may add a \n-00008640: 7365 6374 696f 6e20 456e 7469 746c 6564 section Entitled\n-00008650: 2022 456e 646f 7273 656d 656e 7473 222c \"Endorsements\",\n-00008660: 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6974 2063 6f6e provided it con\n-00008670: 7461 696e 730a 2020 2020 206e 6f74 6869 tains. nothi\n-00008680: 6e67 2062 7574 2065 6e64 6f72 7365 6d65 ng but endorseme\n-00008690: 6e74 7320 6f66 2079 6f75 7220 4d6f 6469 nts of your Modi\n-000086a0: 6669 6564 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2062 7920 fied Version by \n-000086b0: 7661 7269 6f75 730a 2020 2020 2070 6172 various. par\n-000086c0: 7469 6573 2d2d 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c ties--for exampl\n-000086d0: 652c 2073 7461 7465 6d65 6e74 7320 6f66 e, statements of\n-000086e0: 2070 6565 7220 7265 7669 6577 206f 7220 peer review or \n-000086f0: 7468 6174 2074 6865 2074 6578 740a 2020 that the text. \n-00008700: 2020 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6170 7072 has been appr\n-00008710: 6f76 6564 2062 7920 616e 206f 7267 616e oved by an organ\n-00008720: 697a 6174 696f 6e20 6173 2074 6865 2061 ization as the a\n-00008730: 7574 686f 7269 7461 7469 7665 0a20 2020 uthoritative. \n-00008740: 2020 6465 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 definition of \n-00008750: 6120 7374 616e 6461 7264 2e0a 0a20 2020 a standard... \n-00008760: 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 6164 6420 6120 You may add a \n-00008770: 7061 7373 6167 6520 6f66 2075 7020 746f passage of up to\n-00008780: 2066 6976 6520 776f 7264 7320 6173 2061 five words as a\n-00008790: 2046 726f 6e74 2d43 6f76 6572 2054 6578 Front-Cover Tex\n-000087a0: 742c 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 6120 7061 t,. and a pa\n-000087b0: 7373 6167 6520 6f66 2075 7020 746f 2032 ssage of up to 2\n-000087c0: 3520 776f 7264 7320 6173 2061 2042 6163 5 words as a Bac\n-000087d0: 6b2d 436f 7665 7220 5465 7874 2c20 746f k-Cover Text, to\n-000087e0: 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 660a 2020 2020 the end of. \n-000087f0: 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2043 6f76 the list of Cov\n-00008800: 6572 2054 6578 7473 2069 6e20 7468 6520 er Texts in the \n-00008810: 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 7369 6f6e Modified Version\n-00008820: 2e20 204f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 6520 7061 7373 . Only one pass\n-00008830: 6167 650a 2020 2020 206f 6620 4672 6f6e age. of Fron\n-00008840: 742d 436f 7665 7220 5465 7874 2061 6e64 t-Cover Text and\n-00008850: 206f 6e65 206f 6620 4261 636b 2d43 6f76 one of Back-Cov\n-00008860: 6572 2054 6578 7420 6d61 7920 6265 2061 er Text may be a\n-00008870: 6464 6564 2062 7920 286f 720a 2020 2020 dded by (or. \n-00008880: 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2061 7272 616e 6765 through arrange\n-00008890: 6d65 6e74 7320 6d61 6465 2062 7929 2061 ments made by) a\n-000088a0: 6e79 206f 6e65 2065 6e74 6974 792e 2020 ny one entity. \n-000088b0: 4966 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 740a If the Document.\n-000088c0: 2020 2020 2061 6c72 6561 6479 2069 6e63 already inc\n-000088d0: 6c75 6465 7320 6120 636f 7665 7220 7465 ludes a cover te\n-000088e0: 7874 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 xt for the same \n-000088f0: 636f 7665 722c 2070 7265 7669 6f75 736c cover, previousl\n-00008900: 7920 6164 6465 640a 2020 2020 2062 7920 y added. by \n-00008910: 796f 7520 6f72 2062 7920 6172 7261 6e67 you or by arrang\n-00008920: 656d 656e 7420 6d61 6465 2062 7920 7468 ement made by th\n-00008930: 6520 7361 6d65 2065 6e74 6974 7920 796f e same entity yo\n-00008940: 7520 6172 6520 6163 7469 6e67 206f 6e0a u are acting on.\n-00008950: 2020 2020 2062 6568 616c 6620 6f66 2c20 behalf of, \n-00008960: 796f 7520 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6164 6420 you may not add \n-00008970: 616e 6f74 6865 723b 2062 7574 2079 6f75 another; but you\n-00008980: 206d 6179 2072 6570 6c61 6365 2074 6865 may replace the\n-00008990: 206f 6c64 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e 652c 206f old. one, o\n-000089a0: 6e20 6578 706c 6963 6974 2070 6572 6d69 n explicit permi\n-000089b0: 7373 696f 6e20 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2070 ssion from the p\n-000089c0: 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7075 626c 6973 6865 revious publishe\n-000089d0: 7220 7468 6174 2061 6464 6564 0a20 2020 r that added. \n-000089e0: 2020 7468 6520 6f6c 6420 6f6e 652e 0a0a the old one...\n-000089f0: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2061 7574 686f 7228 The author(\n-00008a00: 7329 2061 6e64 2070 7562 6c69 7368 6572 s) and publisher\n-00008a10: 2873 2920 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d (s) of the Docum\n-00008a20: 656e 7420 646f 206e 6f74 2062 7920 7468 ent do not by th\n-00008a30: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 is. License \n-00008a40: 6769 7665 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 give permission \n-00008a50: 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 6972 206e 616d to use their nam\n-00008a60: 6573 2066 6f72 2070 7562 6c69 6369 7479 es for publicity\n-00008a70: 2066 6f72 206f 7220 746f 0a20 2020 2020 for or to. \n-00008a80: 6173 7365 7274 206f 7220 696d 706c 7920 assert or imply \n-00008a90: 656e 646f 7273 656d 656e 7420 6f66 2061 endorsement of a\n-00008aa0: 6e79 204d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 5665 7273 ny Modified Vers\n-00008ab0: 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 352e 2043 4f4d 4249 ion... 5. COMBI\n-00008ac0: 4e49 4e47 2044 4f43 554d 454e 5453 0a0a NING DOCUMENTS..\n-00008ad0: 2020 2020 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2063 6f6d You may com\n-00008ae0: 6269 6e65 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e bine the Documen\n-00008af0: 7420 7769 7468 206f 7468 6572 2064 6f63 t with other doc\n-00008b00: 756d 656e 7473 2072 656c 6561 7365 6420 uments released \n-00008b10: 756e 6465 720a 2020 2020 2074 6869 7320 under. this \n-00008b20: 4c69 6365 6e73 652c 2075 6e64 6572 2074 License, under t\n-00008b30: 6865 2074 6572 6d73 2064 6566 696e 6564 he terms defined\n-00008b40: 2069 6e20 7365 6374 696f 6e20 3420 6162 in section 4 ab\n-00008b50: 6f76 6520 666f 720a 2020 2020 206d 6f64 ove for. mod\n-00008b60: 6966 6965 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e73 2c20 ified versions, \n-00008b70: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2074 6861 7420 796f provided that yo\n-00008b80: 7520 696e 636c 7564 6520 696e 2074 6865 u include in the\n-00008b90: 2063 6f6d 6269 6e61 7469 6f6e 2061 6c6c combination all\n-00008ba0: 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2074 6865 2049 6e76 . of the Inv\n-00008bb0: 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 ariant Sections \n-00008bc0: 6f66 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 6520 6f72 of all of the or\n-00008bd0: 6967 696e 616c 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7473 iginal documents\n-00008be0: 2c0a 2020 2020 2075 6e6d 6f64 6966 6965 ,. unmodifie\n-00008bf0: 642c 2061 6e64 206c 6973 7420 7468 656d d, and list them\n-00008c00: 2061 6c6c 2061 7320 496e 7661 7269 616e all as Invarian\n-00008c10: 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 206f 6620 796f t Sections of yo\n-00008c20: 7572 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d62 696e 6564 ur. combined\n-00008c30: 2077 6f72 6b20 696e 2069 7473 206c 6963 work in its lic\n-00008c40: 656e 7365 206e 6f74 6963 652c 2061 6e64 ense notice, and\n-00008c50: 2074 6861 7420 796f 7520 7072 6573 6572 that you preser\n-00008c60: 7665 2061 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6569 ve all. thei\n-00008c70: 7220 5761 7272 616e 7479 2044 6973 636c r Warranty Discl\n-00008c80: 6169 6d65 7273 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 aimers... Th\n-00008c90: 6520 636f 6d62 696e 6564 2077 6f72 6b20 e combined work \n-00008ca0: 6e65 6564 206f 6e6c 7920 636f 6e74 6169 need only contai\n-00008cb0: 6e20 6f6e 6520 636f 7079 206f 6620 7468 n one copy of th\n-00008cc0: 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 2c20 616e 640a is License, and.\n-00008cd0: 2020 2020 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 6964 multiple id\n-00008ce0: 656e 7469 6361 6c20 496e 7661 7269 616e entical Invarian\n-00008cf0: 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 206d 6179 2062 t Sections may b\n-00008d00: 6520 7265 706c 6163 6564 2077 6974 6820 e replaced with \n-00008d10: 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 636f a single. co\n-00008d20: 7079 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 6172 py. If there ar\n-00008d30: 6520 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2049 6e76 6172 e multiple Invar\n-00008d40: 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 7769 iant Sections wi\n-00008d50: 7468 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6e61 6d65 th the same name\n-00008d60: 0a20 2020 2020 6275 7420 6469 6666 6572 . but differ\n-00008d70: 656e 7420 636f 6e74 656e 7473 2c20 6d61 ent contents, ma\n-00008d80: 6b65 2074 6865 2074 6974 6c65 206f 6620 ke the title of \n-00008d90: 6561 6368 2073 7563 6820 7365 6374 696f each such sectio\n-00008da0: 6e20 756e 6971 7565 0a20 2020 2020 6279 n unique. by\n-00008db0: 2061 6464 696e 6720 6174 2074 6865 2065 adding at the e\n-00008dc0: 6e64 206f 6620 6974 2c20 696e 2070 6172 nd of it, in par\n-00008dd0: 656e 7468 6573 6573 2c20 7468 6520 6e61 entheses, the na\n-00008de0: 6d65 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 206f me of the. o\n-00008df0: 7269 6769 6e61 6c20 6175 7468 6f72 206f riginal author o\n-00008e00: 7220 7075 626c 6973 6865 7220 6f66 2074 r publisher of t\n-00008e10: 6861 7420 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6966 206b hat section if k\n-00008e20: 6e6f 776e 2c20 6f72 2065 6c73 6520 610a nown, or else a.\n-00008e30: 2020 2020 2075 6e69 7175 6520 6e75 6d62 unique numb\n-00008e40: 6572 2e20 204d 616b 6520 7468 6520 7361 er. Make the sa\n-00008e50: 6d65 2061 646a 7573 746d 656e 7420 746f me adjustment to\n-00008e60: 2074 6865 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2074 6974 the section tit\n-00008e70: 6c65 7320 696e 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 les in. the \n-00008e80: 6c69 7374 206f 6620 496e 7661 7269 616e list of Invarian\n-00008e90: 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 2069 6e20 7468 t Sections in th\n-00008ea0: 6520 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 6e6f 7469 6365 e license notice\n-00008eb0: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d of the. com\n-00008ec0: 6269 6e65 6420 776f 726b 2e0a 0a20 2020 bined work... \n-00008ed0: 2020 496e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6269 6e61 In the combina\n-00008ee0: 7469 6f6e 2c20 796f 7520 6d75 7374 2063 tion, you must c\n-00008ef0: 6f6d 6269 6e65 2061 6e79 2073 6563 7469 ombine any secti\n-00008f00: 6f6e 7320 456e 7469 746c 6564 0a20 2020 ons Entitled. \n-00008f10: 2020 2248 6973 746f 7279 2220 696e 2074 \"History\" in t\n-00008f20: 6865 2076 6172 696f 7573 206f 7269 6769 he various origi\n-00008f30: 6e61 6c20 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 732c 2066 nal documents, f\n-00008f40: 6f72 6d69 6e67 206f 6e65 2073 6563 7469 orming one secti\n-00008f50: 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 456e 7469 746c 6564 on. Entitled\n-00008f60: 2022 4869 7374 6f72 7922 3b20 6c69 6b65 \"History\"; like\n-00008f70: 7769 7365 2063 6f6d 6269 6e65 2061 6e79 wise combine any\n-00008f80: 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 456e 7469 746c sections Entitl\n-00008f90: 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2241 636b 6e6f 776c ed. \"Acknowl\n-00008fa0: 6564 6765 6d65 6e74 7322 2c20 616e 6420 edgements\", and \n-00008fb0: 616e 7920 7365 6374 696f 6e73 2045 6e74 any sections Ent\n-00008fc0: 6974 6c65 6420 2244 6564 6963 6174 696f itled \"Dedicatio\n-00008fd0: 6e73 222e 2020 596f 750a 2020 2020 206d ns\". You. m\n-00008fe0: 7573 7420 6465 6c65 7465 2061 6c6c 2073 ust delete all s\n-00008ff0: 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 456e 7469 746c 6564 ections Entitled\n-00009000: 2022 456e 646f 7273 656d 656e 7473 2e22 \"Endorsements.\"\n-00009010: 0a0a 2020 362e 2043 4f4c 4c45 4354 494f .. 6. COLLECTIO\n-00009020: 4e53 204f 4620 444f 4355 4d45 4e54 530a NS OF DOCUMENTS.\n-00009030: 0a20 2020 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 6d61 . You may ma\n-00009040: 6b65 2061 2063 6f6c 6c65 6374 696f 6e20 ke a collection \n-00009050: 636f 6e73 6973 7469 6e67 206f 6620 7468 consisting of th\n-00009060: 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2061 6e64 206f e Document and o\n-00009070: 7468 6572 0a20 2020 2020 646f 6375 6d65 ther. docume\n-00009080: 6e74 7320 7265 6c65 6173 6564 2075 6e64 nts released und\n-00009090: 6572 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 652c er this License,\n-000090a0: 2061 6e64 2072 6570 6c61 6365 2074 6865 and replace the\n-000090b0: 2069 6e64 6976 6964 7561 6c0a 2020 2020 individual. \n-000090c0: 2063 6f70 6965 7320 6f66 2074 6869 7320 copies of this \n-000090d0: 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 696e 2074 6865 2076 License in the v\n-000090e0: 6172 696f 7573 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7473 arious documents\n-000090f0: 2077 6974 6820 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 2063 with a single c\n-00009100: 6f70 790a 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 6973 opy. that is\n-00009110: 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 included in the\n-00009120: 2063 6f6c 6c65 6374 696f 6e2c 2070 726f collection, pro\n-00009130: 7669 6465 6420 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2066 vided that you f\n-00009140: 6f6c 6c6f 7720 7468 650a 2020 2020 2072 ollow the. r\n-00009150: 756c 6573 206f 6620 7468 6973 204c 6963 ules of this Lic\n-00009160: 656e 7365 2066 6f72 2076 6572 6261 7469 ense for verbati\n-00009170: 6d20 636f 7079 696e 6720 6f66 2065 6163 m copying of eac\n-00009180: 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6f63 756d 656e h of the documen\n-00009190: 7473 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2061 6c6c 206f ts. in all o\n-000091a0: 7468 6572 2072 6573 7065 6374 732e 0a0a ther respects...\n-000091b0: 2020 2020 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2065 7874 You may ext\n-000091c0: 7261 6374 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 646f ract a single do\n-000091d0: 6375 6d65 6e74 2066 726f 6d20 7375 6368 cument from such\n-000091e0: 2061 2063 6f6c 6c65 6374 696f 6e2c 2061 a collection, a\n-000091f0: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7374 7269 6275 nd. distribu\n-00009200: 7465 2069 7420 696e 6469 7669 6475 616c te it individual\n-00009210: 6c79 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6869 7320 4c69 ly under this Li\n-00009220: 6365 6e73 652c 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 cense, provided \n-00009230: 796f 7520 696e 7365 7274 0a20 2020 2020 you insert. \n-00009240: 6120 636f 7079 206f 6620 7468 6973 204c a copy of this L\n-00009250: 6963 656e 7365 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 icense into the \n-00009260: 6578 7472 6163 7465 6420 646f 6375 6d65 extracted docume\n-00009270: 6e74 2c20 616e 6420 666f 6c6c 6f77 2074 nt, and follow t\n-00009280: 6869 730a 2020 2020 204c 6963 656e 7365 his. License\n-00009290: 2069 6e20 616c 6c20 6f74 6865 7220 7265 in all other re\n-000092a0: 7370 6563 7473 2072 6567 6172 6469 6e67 spects regarding\n-000092b0: 2076 6572 6261 7469 6d20 636f 7079 696e verbatim copyin\n-000092c0: 6720 6f66 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 2064 g of that. d\n-000092d0: 6f63 756d 656e 742e 0a0a 2020 372e 2041 ocument... 7. A\n-000092e0: 4747 5245 4741 5449 4f4e 2057 4954 4820 GGREGATION WITH \n-000092f0: 494e 4445 5045 4e44 454e 5420 574f 524b INDEPENDENT WORK\n-00009300: 530a 0a20 2020 2020 4120 636f 6d70 696c S.. A compil\n-00009310: 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 ation of the Doc\n-00009320: 756d 656e 7420 6f72 2069 7473 2064 6572 ument or its der\n-00009330: 6976 6174 6976 6573 2077 6974 6820 6f74 ivatives with ot\n-00009340: 6865 720a 2020 2020 2073 6570 6172 6174 her. separat\n-00009350: 6520 616e 6420 696e 6465 7065 6e64 656e e and independen\n-00009360: 7420 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 7320 6f72 2077 t documents or w\n-00009370: 6f72 6b73 2c20 696e 206f 7220 6f6e 2061 orks, in or on a\n-00009380: 2076 6f6c 756d 6520 6f66 2061 0a20 2020 volume of a. \n-00009390: 2020 7374 6f72 6167 6520 6f72 2064 6973 storage or dis\n-000093a0: 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e20 6d65 6469 756d tribution medium\n-000093b0: 2c20 6973 2063 616c 6c65 6420 616e 2022 , is called an \"\n-000093c0: 6167 6772 6567 6174 6522 2069 6620 7468 aggregate\" if th\n-000093d0: 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 e. copyright\n-000093e0: 2072 6573 756c 7469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 resulting from \n-000093f0: 7468 6520 636f 6d70 696c 6174 696f 6e20 the compilation \n-00009400: 6973 206e 6f74 2075 7365 6420 746f 206c is not used to l\n-00009410: 696d 6974 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6c65 imit the. le\n-00009420: 6761 6c20 7269 6768 7473 206f 6620 7468 gal rights of th\n-00009430: 6520 636f 6d70 696c 6174 696f 6e27 7320 e compilation's \n-00009440: 7573 6572 7320 6265 796f 6e64 2077 6861 users beyond wha\n-00009450: 7420 7468 6520 696e 6469 7669 6475 616c t the individual\n-00009460: 0a20 2020 2020 776f 726b 7320 7065 726d . works perm\n-00009470: 6974 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 7468 6520 446f it. When the Do\n-00009480: 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 696e 636c 7564 cument is includ\n-00009490: 6564 2069 6e20 616e 2061 6767 7265 6761 ed in an aggrega\n-000094a0: 7465 2c20 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 te, this. Li\n-000094b0: 6365 6e73 6520 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2061 cense does not a\n-000094c0: 7070 6c79 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6f74 6865 pply to the othe\n-000094d0: 7220 776f 726b 7320 696e 2074 6865 2061 r works in the a\n-000094e0: 6767 7265 6761 7465 2077 6869 6368 0a20 ggregate which. \n-000094f0: 2020 2020 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 7468 656d are not them\n-00009500: 7365 6c76 6573 2064 6572 6976 6174 6976 selves derivativ\n-00009510: 6520 776f 726b 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2044 e works of the D\n-00009520: 6f63 756d 656e 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 ocument... I\n-00009530: 6620 7468 6520 436f 7665 7220 5465 7874 f the Cover Text\n-00009540: 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 206f 6620 requirement of \n-00009550: 7365 6374 696f 6e20 3320 6973 2061 7070 section 3 is app\n-00009560: 6c69 6361 626c 6520 746f 2074 6865 7365 licable to these\n-00009570: 0a20 2020 2020 636f 7069 6573 206f 6620 . copies of \n-00009580: 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2c20 7468 the Document, th\n-00009590: 656e 2069 6620 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 en if the Docume\n-000095a0: 6e74 2069 7320 6c65 7373 2074 6861 6e20 nt is less than \n-000095b0: 6f6e 6520 6861 6c66 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 one half. of\n-000095c0: 2074 6865 2065 6e74 6972 6520 6167 6772 the entire aggr\n-000095d0: 6567 6174 652c 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d egate, the Docum\n-000095e0: 656e 7427 7320 436f 7665 7220 5465 7874 ent's Cover Text\n-000095f0: 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2070 6c61 6365 640a s may be placed.\n-00009600: 2020 2020 206f 6e20 636f 7665 7273 2074 on covers t\n-00009610: 6861 7420 6272 6163 6b65 7420 7468 6520 hat bracket the \n-00009620: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2077 6974 6869 6e20 Document within \n-00009630: 7468 6520 6167 6772 6567 6174 652c 206f the aggregate, o\n-00009640: 7220 7468 650a 2020 2020 2065 6c65 6374 r the. elect\n-00009650: 726f 6e69 6320 6571 7569 7661 6c65 6e74 ronic equivalent\n-00009660: 206f 6620 636f 7665 7273 2069 6620 7468 of covers if th\n-00009670: 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 696e e Document is in\n-00009680: 2065 6c65 6374 726f 6e69 630a 2020 2020 electronic. \n-00009690: 2066 6f72 6d2e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 form. Otherwis\n-000096a0: 6520 7468 6579 206d 7573 7420 6170 7065 e they must appe\n-000096b0: 6172 206f 6e20 7072 696e 7465 6420 636f ar on printed co\n-000096c0: 7665 7273 2074 6861 7420 6272 6163 6b65 vers that bracke\n-000096d0: 740a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2077 686f 6c65 t. the whole\n-000096e0: 2061 6767 7265 6761 7465 2e0a 0a20 2038 aggregate... 8\n-000096f0: 2e20 5452 414e 534c 4154 494f 4e0a 0a20 . TRANSLATION.. \n-00009700: 2020 2020 5472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e20 Translation \n-00009710: 6973 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 6120 is considered a \n-00009720: 6b69 6e64 206f 6620 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 kind of modifica\n-00009730: 7469 6f6e 2c20 736f 2079 6f75 206d 6179 tion, so you may\n-00009740: 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 . distribute\n-00009750: 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 translations of\n-00009760: 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 756e the Document un\n-00009770: 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 der the terms of\n-00009780: 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 342e section. 4.\n-00009790: 2020 5265 706c 6163 696e 6720 496e 7661 Replacing Inva\n-000097a0: 7269 616e 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 2077 riant Sections w\n-000097b0: 6974 6820 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e73 ith translations\n-000097c0: 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 7370 6563 6961 requires specia\n-000097d0: 6c0a 2020 2020 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f l. permissio\n-000097e0: 6e20 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 6972 2063 6f70 n from their cop\n-000097f0: 7972 6967 6874 2068 6f6c 6465 7273 2c20 yright holders, \n-00009800: 6275 7420 796f 7520 6d61 7920 696e 636c but you may incl\n-00009810: 7564 650a 2020 2020 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 ude. transla\n-00009820: 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 2073 6f6d 6520 6f72 tions of some or\n-00009830: 2061 6c6c 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 all Invariant S\n-00009840: 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 696e 2061 6464 6974 ections in addit\n-00009850: 696f 6e20 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 ion to the. \n-00009860: 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2076 6572 7369 6f6e original version\n-00009870: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2049 6e76 6172 s of these Invar\n-00009880: 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 iant Sections. \n-00009890: 596f 7520 6d61 7920 696e 636c 7564 6520 You may include \n-000098a0: 610a 2020 2020 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 a. translati\n-000098b0: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e on of this Licen\n-000098c0: 7365 2c20 616e 6420 616c 6c20 7468 6520 se, and all the \n-000098d0: 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 6e6f 7469 6365 7320 license notices \n-000098e0: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 446f 6375 in the. Docu\n-000098f0: 6d65 6e74 2c20 616e 6420 616e 7920 5761 ment, and any Wa\n-00009900: 7272 616e 7479 2044 6973 636c 6169 6d65 rranty Disclaime\n-00009910: 7273 2c20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2074 6861 rs, provided tha\n-00009920: 7420 796f 7520 616c 736f 0a20 2020 2020 t you also. \n-00009930: 696e 636c 7564 6520 7468 6520 6f72 6967 include the orig\n-00009940: 696e 616c 2045 6e67 6c69 7368 2076 6572 inal English ver\n-00009950: 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6973 204c 6963 sion of this Lic\n-00009960: 656e 7365 2061 6e64 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ense and the. \n-00009970: 2020 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2076 6572 7369 original versi\n-00009980: 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 686f 7365 206e 6f74 ons of those not\n-00009990: 6963 6573 2061 6e64 2064 6973 636c 6169 ices and disclai\n-000099a0: 6d65 7273 2e20 2049 6e20 6361 7365 206f mers. In case o\n-000099b0: 6620 610a 2020 2020 2064 6973 6167 7265 f a. disagre\n-000099c0: 656d 656e 7420 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7468 ement between th\n-000099d0: 6520 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e20 616e e translation an\n-000099e0: 6420 7468 6520 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2076 d the original v\n-000099f0: 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 660a 2020 2020 2074 ersion of. t\n-00009a00: 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 6f72 2061 his License or a\n-00009a10: 206e 6f74 6963 6520 6f72 2064 6973 636c notice or discl\n-00009a20: 6169 6d65 722c 2074 6865 206f 7269 6769 aimer, the origi\n-00009a30: 6e61 6c20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 7769 6c6c nal version will\n-00009a40: 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6576 6169 6c2e 0a0a . prevail...\n-00009a50: 2020 2020 2049 6620 6120 7365 6374 696f If a sectio\n-00009a60: 6e20 696e 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e n in the Documen\n-00009a70: 7420 6973 2045 6e74 6974 6c65 6420 2241 t is Entitled \"A\n-00009a80: 636b 6e6f 776c 6564 6765 6d65 6e74 7322 cknowledgements\"\n-00009a90: 2c0a 2020 2020 2022 4465 6469 6361 7469 ,. \"Dedicati\n-00009aa0: 6f6e 7322 2c20 6f72 2022 4869 7374 6f72 ons\", or \"Histor\n-00009ab0: 7922 2c20 7468 6520 7265 7175 6972 656d y\", the requirem\n-00009ac0: 656e 7420 2873 6563 7469 6f6e 2034 2920 ent (section 4) \n-00009ad0: 746f 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6573 6572 7665 to. Preserve\n-00009ae0: 2069 7473 2054 6974 6c65 2028 7365 6374 its Title (sect\n-00009af0: 696f 6e20 3129 2077 696c 6c20 7479 7069 ion 1) will typi\n-00009b00: 6361 6c6c 7920 7265 7175 6972 6520 6368 cally require ch\n-00009b10: 616e 6769 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 anging the. \n-00009b20: 6163 7475 616c 2074 6974 6c65 2e0a 0a20 actual title... \n-00009b30: 2039 2e20 5445 524d 494e 4154 494f 4e0a 9. TERMINATION.\n-00009b40: 0a20 2020 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 6e6f . You may no\n-00009b50: 7420 636f 7079 2c20 6d6f 6469 6679 2c20 t copy, modify, \n-00009b60: 7375 626c 6963 656e 7365 2c20 6f72 2064 sublicense, or d\n-00009b70: 6973 7472 6962 7574 6520 7468 6520 446f istribute the Do\n-00009b80: 6375 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 6578 6365 cument. exce\n-00009b90: 7074 2061 7320 6578 7072 6573 736c 7920 pt as expressly \n-00009ba0: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2066 6f72 2075 6e64 provided for und\n-00009bb0: 6572 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 652e er this License.\n-00009bc0: 2020 416e 7920 6f74 6865 720a 2020 2020 Any other. \n-00009bd0: 2061 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 636f 7079 attempt to copy\n-00009be0: 2c20 6d6f 6469 6679 2c20 7375 626c 6963 , modify, sublic\n-00009bf0: 656e 7365 206f 7220 6469 7374 7269 6275 ense or distribu\n-00009c00: 7465 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 te the Document \n-00009c10: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 766f 6964 2c20 616e is. void, an\n-00009c20: 6420 7769 6c6c 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 d will automatic\n-00009c30: 616c 6c79 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 7465 2079 ally terminate y\n-00009c40: 6f75 7220 7269 6768 7473 2075 6e64 6572 our rights under\n-00009c50: 2074 6869 730a 2020 2020 204c 6963 656e this. Licen\n-00009c60: 7365 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7061 se. However, pa\n-00009c70: 7274 6965 7320 7768 6f20 6861 7665 2072 rties who have r\n-00009c80: 6563 6569 7665 6420 636f 7069 6573 2c20 eceived copies, \n-00009c90: 6f72 2072 6967 6874 732c 0a20 2020 2020 or rights,. \n-00009ca0: 6672 6f6d 2079 6f75 2075 6e64 6572 2074 from you under t\n-00009cb0: 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 7769 6c6c his License will\n-00009cc0: 206e 6f74 2068 6176 6520 7468 6569 7220 not have their \n-00009cd0: 6c69 6365 6e73 6573 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 licenses termina\n-00009ce0: 7465 640a 2020 2020 2073 6f20 6c6f 6e67 ted. so long\n-00009cf0: 2061 7320 7375 6368 2070 6172 7469 6573 as such parties\n-00009d00: 2072 656d 6169 6e20 696e 2066 756c 6c20 remain in full \n-00009d10: 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 6365 2e0a 0a20 2031 compliance... 1\n-00009d20: 302e 2046 5554 5552 4520 5245 5649 5349 0. FUTURE REVISI\n-00009d30: 4f4e 5320 4f46 2054 4849 5320 4c49 4345 ONS OF THIS LICE\n-00009d40: 4e53 450a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 4672 NSE.. The Fr\n-00009d50: 6565 2053 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e ee Software Foun\n-00009d60: 6461 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 2070 7562 6c69 dation may publi\n-00009d70: 7368 206e 6577 2c20 7265 7669 7365 6420 sh new, revised \n-00009d80: 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f 660a 2020 2020 versions of. \n-00009d90: 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 446f the GNU Free Do\n-00009da0: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 cumentation Lice\n-00009db0: 6e73 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 696d 6520 746f nse from time to\n-00009dc0: 2074 696d 652e 2020 5375 6368 206e 6577 time. Such new\n-00009dd0: 0a20 2020 2020 7665 7273 696f 6e73 2077 . versions w\n-00009de0: 696c 6c20 6265 2073 696d 696c 6172 2069 ill be similar i\n-00009df0: 6e20 7370 6972 6974 2074 6f20 7468 6520 n spirit to the \n-00009e00: 7072 6573 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e2c present version,\n-00009e10: 2062 7574 206d 6179 0a20 2020 2020 6469 but may. di\n-00009e20: 6666 6572 2069 6e20 6465 7461 696c 2074 ffer in detail t\n-00009e30: 6f20 6164 6472 6573 7320 6e65 7720 7072 o address new pr\n-00009e40: 6f62 6c65 6d73 206f 7220 636f 6e63 6572 oblems or concer\n-00009e50: 6e73 2e20 2053 6565 0a20 2020 2020 3c68 ns. See. ... \n-00009e80: 2020 2020 4561 6368 2076 6572 7369 6f6e Each version\n-00009e90: 206f 6620 7468 6520 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 of the License \n-00009ea0: 6973 2067 6976 656e 2061 2064 6973 7469 is given a disti\n-00009eb0: 6e67 7569 7368 696e 6720 7665 7273 696f nguishing versio\n-00009ec0: 6e0a 2020 2020 206e 756d 6265 722e 2020 n. number. \n-00009ed0: 4966 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 If the Document \n-00009ee0: 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6174 2061 specifies that a\n-00009ef0: 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 7220 6e75 6d62 particular numb\n-00009f00: 6572 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7665 7273 696f ered. versio\n-00009f10: 6e20 6f66 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 n of this Licens\n-00009f20: 6520 226f 7220 616e 7920 6c61 7465 7220 e \"or any later \n-00009f30: 7665 7273 696f 6e22 2061 7070 6c69 6573 version\" applies\n-00009f40: 2074 6f20 6974 2c20 796f 750a 2020 2020 to it, you. \n-00009f50: 2068 6176 6520 7468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e have the option\n-00009f60: 206f 6620 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7468 of following th\n-00009f70: 6520 7465 726d 7320 616e 6420 636f 6e64 e terms and cond\n-00009f80: 6974 696f 6e73 2065 6974 6865 7220 6f66 itions either of\n-00009f90: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6174 2073 7065 6369 . that speci\n-00009fa0: 6669 6564 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 7220 fied version or \n-00009fb0: 6f66 2061 6e79 206c 6174 6572 2076 6572 of any later ver\n-00009fc0: 7369 6f6e 2074 6861 7420 6861 7320 6265 sion that has be\n-00009fd0: 656e 0a20 2020 2020 7075 626c 6973 6865 en. publishe\n-00009fe0: 6420 286e 6f74 2061 7320 6120 6472 6166 d (not as a draf\n-00009ff0: 7429 2062 7920 7468 6520 4672 6565 2053 t) by the Free S\n-0000a000: 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e 6461 7469 oftware Foundati\n-0000a010: 6f6e 2e20 2049 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 on. If the. \n-0000a020: 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 646f 6573 206e Document does n\n-0000a030: 6f74 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 2076 6572 ot specify a ver\n-0000a040: 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2074 sion number of t\n-0000a050: 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 652c 2079 6f75 his License, you\n-0000a060: 206d 6179 0a20 2020 2020 6368 6f6f 7365 may. choose\n-0000a070: 2061 6e79 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2065 7665 any version eve\n-0000a080: 7220 7075 626c 6973 6865 6420 286e 6f74 r published (not\n-0000a090: 2061 7320 6120 6472 6166 7429 2062 7920 as a draft) by \n-0000a0a0: 7468 6520 4672 6565 0a20 2020 2020 536f the Free. So\n-0000a0b0: 6674 7761 7265 2046 6f75 6e64 6174 696f ftware Foundatio\n-0000a0c0: 6e2e 0a0a 442e 312e 3120 4144 4445 4e44 n...D.1.1 ADDEND\n-0000a0d0: 554d 3a20 486f 7720 746f 2075 7365 2074 UM: How to use t\n-0000a0e0: 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 666f 7220 his License for \n-0000a0f0: 796f 7572 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7473 0a2d your documents.-\n-0000a100: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00004f70: 3d3d 3d0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ===.. \n+00004f80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2056 6572 7369 Versi\n+00004f90: 6f6e 2031 2e32 2c20 4e6f 7665 6d62 6572 on 1.2, November\n+00004fa0: 2032 3030 320a 0a20 2020 2020 436f 7079 2002.. Copy\n+00004fb0: 7269 6768 7420 c2a9 2032 3030 302c 3230 right .. 2000,20\n+00004fc0: 3031 2c32 3030 3220 4672 6565 2053 6f66 01,2002 Free Sof\n+00004fd0: 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e 6461 7469 6f6e tware Foundation\n+00004fe0: 2c20 496e 632e 0a20 2020 2020 3531 2046 , Inc.. 51 F\n+00004ff0: 7261 6e6b 6c69 6e20 5374 2c20 4669 6674 ranklin St, Fift\n+00005000: 6820 466c 6f6f 722c 2042 6f73 746f 6e2c h Floor, Boston,\n+00005010: 204d 4120 2030 3231 3130 2d31 3330 312c MA 02110-1301,\n+00005020: 2055 5341 0a0a 2020 2020 2045 7665 7279 USA.. Every\n+00005030: 6f6e 6520 6973 2070 6572 6d69 7474 6564 one is permitted\n+00005040: 2074 6f20 636f 7079 2061 6e64 2064 6973 to copy and dis\n+00005050: 7472 6962 7574 6520 7665 7262 6174 696d tribute verbatim\n+00005060: 2063 6f70 6965 730a 2020 2020 206f 6620 copies. of \n+00005070: 7468 6973 206c 6963 656e 7365 2064 6f63 this license doc\n+00005080: 756d 656e 742c 2062 7574 2063 6861 6e67 ument, but chang\n+00005090: 696e 6720 6974 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 616c ing it is not al\n+000050a0: 6c6f 7765 642e 0a0a 2020 302e 2050 5245 lowed... 0. PRE\n+000050b0: 414d 424c 450a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 AMBLE.. The \n+000050c0: 7075 7270 6f73 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 purpose of this \n+000050d0: 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 6973 2074 6f20 6d61 License is to ma\n+000050e0: 6b65 2061 206d 616e 7561 6c2c 2074 6578 ke a manual, tex\n+000050f0: 7462 6f6f 6b2c 206f 7220 6f74 6865 720a tbook, or other.\n+00005100: 2020 2020 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e61 6c20 functional \n+00005110: 616e 6420 7573 6566 756c 2064 6f63 756d and useful docum\n+00005120: 656e 7420 e280 9c66 7265 65e2 809d 2069 ent ...free... i\n+00005130: 6e20 7468 6520 7365 6e73 6520 6f66 2066 n the sense of f\n+00005140: 7265 6564 6f6d 3a20 746f 0a20 2020 2020 reedom: to. \n+00005150: 6173 7375 7265 2065 7665 7279 6f6e 6520 assure everyone \n+00005160: 7468 6520 6566 6665 6374 6976 6520 6672 the effective fr\n+00005170: 6565 646f 6d20 746f 2063 6f70 7920 616e eedom to copy an\n+00005180: 6420 7265 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2069 d redistribute i\n+00005190: 742c 0a20 2020 2020 7769 7468 206f 7220 t,. with or \n+000051a0: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6d6f 6469 6679 696e without modifyin\n+000051b0: 6720 6974 2c20 6569 7468 6572 2063 6f6d g it, either com\n+000051c0: 6d65 7263 6961 6c6c 7920 6f72 0a20 2020 mercially or. \n+000051d0: 2020 6e6f 6e63 6f6d 6d65 7263 6961 6c6c noncommerciall\n+000051e0: 792e 2020 5365 636f 6e64 6172 696c 792c y. Secondarily,\n+000051f0: 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 7072 this License pr\n+00005200: 6573 6572 7665 7320 666f 7220 7468 650a eserves for the.\n+00005210: 2020 2020 2061 7574 686f 7220 616e 6420 author and \n+00005220: 7075 626c 6973 6865 7220 6120 7761 7920 publisher a way \n+00005230: 746f 2067 6574 2063 7265 6469 7420 666f to get credit fo\n+00005240: 7220 7468 6569 7220 776f 726b 2c20 7768 r their work, wh\n+00005250: 696c 6520 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2062 6569 ile not. bei\n+00005260: 6e67 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 7265 ng considered re\n+00005270: 7370 6f6e 7369 626c 6520 666f 7220 6d6f sponsible for mo\n+00005280: 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 6d61 6465 difications made\n+00005290: 2062 7920 6f74 6865 7273 2e0a 0a20 2020 by others... \n+000052a0: 2020 5468 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 2069 This License i\n+000052b0: 7320 6120 6b69 6e64 206f 6620 2263 6f70 s a kind of \"cop\n+000052c0: 796c 6566 7422 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6d65 yleft\", which me\n+000052d0: 616e 7320 7468 6174 2064 6572 6976 6174 ans that derivat\n+000052e0: 6976 650a 2020 2020 2077 6f72 6b73 206f ive. works o\n+000052f0: 6620 7468 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 206d f the document m\n+00005300: 7573 7420 7468 656d 7365 6c76 6573 2062 ust themselves b\n+00005310: 6520 6672 6565 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7361 e free in the sa\n+00005320: 6d65 2073 656e 7365 2e0a 2020 2020 2049 me sense.. I\n+00005330: 7420 636f 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 7320 7468 t complements th\n+00005340: 6520 474e 5520 4765 6e65 7261 6c20 5075 e GNU General Pu\n+00005350: 626c 6963 204c 6963 656e 7365 2c20 7768 blic License, wh\n+00005360: 6963 6820 6973 2061 2063 6f70 796c 6566 ich is a copylef\n+00005370: 740a 2020 2020 206c 6963 656e 7365 2064 t. license d\n+00005380: 6573 6967 6e65 6420 666f 7220 6672 6565 esigned for free\n+00005390: 2073 6f66 7477 6172 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 software... \n+000053a0: 2057 6520 6861 7665 2064 6573 6967 6e65 We have designe\n+000053b0: 6420 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 2069 d this License i\n+000053c0: 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 2075 7365 2069 n order to use i\n+000053d0: 7420 666f 7220 6d61 6e75 616c 7320 666f t for manuals fo\n+000053e0: 720a 2020 2020 2066 7265 6520 736f 6674 r. free soft\n+000053f0: 7761 7265 2c20 6265 6361 7573 6520 6672 ware, because fr\n+00005400: 6565 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 6e65 6564 ee software need\n+00005410: 7320 6672 6565 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 s free documenta\n+00005420: 7469 6f6e 3a20 610a 2020 2020 2066 7265 tion: a. fre\n+00005430: 6520 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 7368 6f75 6c64 e program should\n+00005440: 2063 6f6d 6520 7769 7468 206d 616e 7561 come with manua\n+00005450: 6c73 2070 726f 7669 6469 6e67 2074 6865 ls providing the\n+00005460: 2073 616d 6520 6672 6565 646f 6d73 0a20 same freedoms. \n+00005470: 2020 2020 7468 6174 2074 6865 2073 6f66 that the sof\n+00005480: 7477 6172 6520 646f 6573 2e20 2042 7574 tware does. But\n+00005490: 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 6973 this License is\n+000054a0: 206e 6f74 206c 696d 6974 6564 2074 6f0a not limited to.\n+000054b0: 2020 2020 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 6d61 software ma\n+000054c0: 6e75 616c 733b 2069 7420 6361 6e20 6265 nuals; it can be\n+000054d0: 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 616e 7920 7465 used for any te\n+000054e0: 7874 7561 6c20 776f 726b 2c20 7265 6761 xtual work, rega\n+000054f0: 7264 6c65 7373 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2073 rdless. of s\n+00005500: 7562 6a65 6374 206d 6174 7465 7220 6f72 ubject matter or\n+00005510: 2077 6865 7468 6572 2069 7420 6973 2070 whether it is p\n+00005520: 7562 6c69 7368 6564 2061 7320 6120 7072 ublished as a pr\n+00005530: 696e 7465 6420 626f 6f6b 2e20 2057 650a inted book. We.\n+00005540: 2020 2020 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 2074 recommend t\n+00005550: 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 7072 696e his License prin\n+00005560: 6369 7061 6c6c 7920 666f 7220 776f 726b cipally for work\n+00005570: 7320 7768 6f73 6520 7075 7270 6f73 6520 s whose purpose \n+00005580: 6973 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7374 7275 6374 is. instruct\n+00005590: 696f 6e20 6f72 2072 6566 6572 656e 6365 ion or reference\n+000055a0: 2e0a 0a20 2031 2e20 4150 504c 4943 4142 ... 1. APPLICAB\n+000055b0: 494c 4954 5920 414e 4420 4445 4649 4e49 ILITY AND DEFINI\n+000055c0: 5449 4f4e 530a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 TIONS.. This\n+000055d0: 204c 6963 656e 7365 2061 7070 6c69 6573 License applies\n+000055e0: 2074 6f20 616e 7920 6d61 6e75 616c 206f to any manual o\n+000055f0: 7220 6f74 6865 7220 776f 726b 2c20 696e r other work, in\n+00005600: 2061 6e79 206d 6564 6975 6d2c 0a20 2020 any medium,. \n+00005610: 2020 7468 6174 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 that contains \n+00005620: 6120 6e6f 7469 6365 2070 6c61 6365 6420 a notice placed \n+00005630: 6279 2074 6865 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 by the copyright\n+00005640: 2068 6f6c 6465 7220 7361 7969 6e67 2069 holder saying i\n+00005650: 7420 6361 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 6520 6469 t can. be di\n+00005660: 7374 7269 6275 7465 6420 756e 6465 7220 stributed under \n+00005670: 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 2074 6869 the terms of thi\n+00005680: 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 652e 2020 5375 6368 s License. Such\n+00005690: 2061 206e 6f74 6963 650a 2020 2020 2067 a notice. g\n+000056a0: 7261 6e74 7320 6120 776f 726c 642d 7769 rants a world-wi\n+000056b0: 6465 2c20 726f 7961 6c74 792d 6672 6565 de, royalty-free\n+000056c0: 206c 6963 656e 7365 2c20 756e 6c69 6d69 license, unlimi\n+000056d0: 7465 6420 696e 2064 7572 6174 696f 6e2c ted in duration,\n+000056e0: 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2075 7365 2074 6861 . to use tha\n+000056f0: 7420 776f 726b 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6865 t work under the\n+00005700: 2063 6f6e 6469 7469 6f6e 7320 7374 6174 conditions stat\n+00005710: 6564 2068 6572 6569 6e2e 2020 5468 650a ed herein. The.\n+00005720: 2020 2020 2022 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 222c \"Document\",\n+00005730: 2062 656c 6f77 2c20 7265 6665 7273 2074 below, refers t\n+00005740: 6f20 616e 7920 7375 6368 206d 616e 7561 o any such manua\n+00005750: 6c20 6f72 2077 6f72 6b2e 2020 416e 7920 l or work. Any \n+00005760: 6d65 6d62 6572 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2074 member. of t\n+00005770: 6865 2070 7562 6c69 6320 6973 2061 206c he public is a l\n+00005780: 6963 656e 7365 652c 2061 6e64 2069 7320 icensee, and is \n+00005790: 6164 6472 6573 7365 6420 6173 2022 796f addressed as \"yo\n+000057a0: 7522 2e20 2059 6f75 2061 6363 6570 740a u\". You accept.\n+000057b0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 206c 6963 656e 7365 the license\n+000057c0: 2069 6620 796f 7520 636f 7079 2c20 6d6f if you copy, mo\n+000057d0: 6469 6679 206f 7220 6469 7374 7269 6275 dify or distribu\n+000057e0: 7465 2074 6865 2077 6f72 6b20 696e 2061 te the work in a\n+000057f0: 2077 6179 0a20 2020 2020 7265 7175 6972 way. requir\n+00005800: 696e 6720 7065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 2075 ing permission u\n+00005810: 6e64 6572 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 206c nder copyright l\n+00005820: 6177 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4120 224d 6f64 aw... A \"Mod\n+00005830: 6966 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f 6e22 206f ified Version\" o\n+00005840: 6620 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 206d f the Document m\n+00005850: 6561 6e73 2061 6e79 2077 6f72 6b20 636f eans any work co\n+00005860: 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ntaining the. \n+00005870: 2020 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 206f 7220 6120 Document or a \n+00005880: 706f 7274 696f 6e20 6f66 2069 742c 2065 portion of it, e\n+00005890: 6974 6865 7220 636f 7069 6564 2076 6572 ither copied ver\n+000058a0: 6261 7469 6d2c 206f 7220 7769 7468 0a20 batim, or with. \n+000058b0: 2020 2020 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e modification\n+000058c0: 7320 616e 642f 6f72 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 s and/or transla\n+000058d0: 7465 6420 696e 746f 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 ted into another\n+000058e0: 206c 616e 6775 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 language... \n+000058f0: 2041 2022 5365 636f 6e64 6172 7920 5365 A \"Secondary Se\n+00005900: 6374 696f 6e22 2069 7320 6120 6e61 6d65 ction\" is a name\n+00005910: 6420 6170 7065 6e64 6978 206f 7220 6120 d appendix or a \n+00005920: 6672 6f6e 742d 6d61 7474 6572 2073 6563 front-matter sec\n+00005930: 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2074 6865 tion. of the\n+00005940: 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 7468 6174 2064 Document that d\n+00005950: 6561 6c73 2065 7863 6c75 7369 7665 6c79 eals exclusively\n+00005960: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 7265 6c61 7469 with the relati\n+00005970: 6f6e 7368 6970 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 onship of the. \n+00005980: 2020 2070 7562 6c69 7368 6572 7320 6f72 publishers or\n+00005990: 2061 7574 686f 7273 206f 6620 7468 6520 authors of the \n+000059a0: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2074 6f20 7468 6520 Document to the \n+000059b0: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2773 206f 7665 7261 Document's overa\n+000059c0: 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 7375 626a 6563 7420 ll. subject \n+000059d0: 286f 7220 746f 2072 656c 6174 6564 206d (or to related m\n+000059e0: 6174 7465 7273 2920 616e 6420 636f 6e74 atters) and cont\n+000059f0: 6169 6e73 206e 6f74 6869 6e67 2074 6861 ains nothing tha\n+00005a00: 7420 636f 756c 640a 2020 2020 2066 616c t could. fal\n+00005a10: 6c20 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2077 6974 6869 l directly withi\n+00005a20: 6e20 7468 6174 206f 7665 7261 6c6c 2073 n that overall s\n+00005a30: 7562 6a65 6374 2e20 2028 5468 7573 2c20 ubject. (Thus, \n+00005a40: 6966 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 740a if the Document.\n+00005a50: 2020 2020 2069 7320 696e 2070 6172 7420 is in part \n+00005a60: 6120 7465 7874 626f 6f6b 206f 6620 6d61 a textbook of ma\n+00005a70: 7468 656d 6174 6963 732c 2061 2053 6563 thematics, a Sec\n+00005a80: 6f6e 6461 7279 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 206d ondary Section m\n+00005a90: 6179 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 6578 706c ay not. expl\n+00005aa0: 6169 6e20 616e 7920 6d61 7468 656d 6174 ain any mathemat\n+00005ab0: 6963 732e 2920 2054 6865 2072 656c 6174 ics.) The relat\n+00005ac0: 696f 6e73 6869 7020 636f 756c 6420 6265 ionship could be\n+00005ad0: 2061 206d 6174 7465 7220 6f66 0a20 2020 a matter of. \n+00005ae0: 2020 6869 7374 6f72 6963 616c 2063 6f6e historical con\n+00005af0: 6e65 6374 696f 6e20 7769 7468 2074 6865 nection with the\n+00005b00: 2073 7562 6a65 6374 206f 7220 7769 7468 subject or with\n+00005b10: 2072 656c 6174 6564 206d 6174 7465 7273 related matters\n+00005b20: 2c20 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 206c 6567 , or. of leg\n+00005b30: 616c 2c20 636f 6d6d 6572 6369 616c 2c20 al, commercial, \n+00005b40: 7068 696c 6f73 6f70 6869 6361 6c2c 2065 philosophical, e\n+00005b50: 7468 6963 616c 206f 7220 706f 6c69 7469 thical or politi\n+00005b60: 6361 6c20 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 cal position. \n+00005b70: 2020 7265 6761 7264 696e 6720 7468 656d regarding them\n+00005b80: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 2249 6e76 ... The \"Inv\n+00005b90: 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7322 ariant Sections\"\n+00005ba0: 2061 7265 2063 6572 7461 696e 2053 6563 are certain Sec\n+00005bb0: 6f6e 6461 7279 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 ondary Sections \n+00005bc0: 7768 6f73 650a 2020 2020 2074 6974 6c65 whose. title\n+00005bd0: 7320 6172 6520 6465 7369 676e 6174 6564 s are designated\n+00005be0: 2c20 6173 2062 6569 6e67 2074 686f 7365 , as being those\n+00005bf0: 206f 6620 496e 7661 7269 616e 7420 5365 of Invariant Se\n+00005c00: 6374 696f 6e73 2c20 696e 2074 6865 0a20 ctions, in the. \n+00005c10: 2020 2020 6e6f 7469 6365 2074 6861 7420 notice that \n+00005c20: 7361 7973 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 446f says that the Do\n+00005c30: 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 7265 6c65 6173 cument is releas\n+00005c40: 6564 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6869 7320 4c69 ed under this Li\n+00005c50: 6365 6e73 652e 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2061 cense.. If a\n+00005c60: 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f section does no\n+00005c70: 7420 6669 7420 7468 6520 6162 6f76 6520 t fit the above \n+00005c80: 6465 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 5365 definition of Se\n+00005c90: 636f 6e64 6172 7920 7468 656e 2069 740a condary then it.\n+00005ca0: 2020 2020 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f is not allo\n+00005cb0: 7765 6420 746f 2062 6520 6465 7369 676e wed to be design\n+00005cc0: 6174 6564 2061 7320 496e 7661 7269 616e ated as Invarian\n+00005cd0: 742e 2020 5468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 t. The Document\n+00005ce0: 206d 6179 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e74 6169 may. contai\n+00005cf0: 6e20 7a65 726f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 n zero Invariant\n+00005d00: 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 4966 2074 Sections. If t\n+00005d10: 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 646f 6573 he Document does\n+00005d20: 206e 6f74 2069 6465 6e74 6966 790a 2020 not identify. \n+00005d30: 2020 2061 6e79 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 any Invariant\n+00005d40: 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 7468 656e 2074 Sections then t\n+00005d50: 6865 7265 2061 7265 206e 6f6e 652e 0a0a here are none...\n+00005d60: 2020 2020 2054 6865 2022 436f 7665 7220 The \"Cover \n+00005d70: 5465 7874 7322 2061 7265 2063 6572 7461 Texts\" are certa\n+00005d80: 696e 2073 686f 7274 2070 6173 7361 6765 in short passage\n+00005d90: 7320 6f66 2074 6578 7420 7468 6174 2061 s of text that a\n+00005da0: 7265 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 7374 6564 2c20 re. listed, \n+00005db0: 6173 2046 726f 6e74 2d43 6f76 6572 2054 as Front-Cover T\n+00005dc0: 6578 7473 206f 7220 4261 636b 2d43 6f76 exts or Back-Cov\n+00005dd0: 6572 2054 6578 7473 2c20 696e 2074 6865 er Texts, in the\n+00005de0: 206e 6f74 6963 650a 2020 2020 2074 6861 notice. tha\n+00005df0: 7420 7361 7973 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 t says that the \n+00005e00: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 7265 6c65 Document is rele\n+00005e10: 6173 6564 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6869 7320 ased under this \n+00005e20: 4c69 6365 6e73 652e 2020 410a 2020 2020 License. A. \n+00005e30: 2046 726f 6e74 2d43 6f76 6572 2054 6578 Front-Cover Tex\n+00005e40: 7420 6d61 7920 6265 2061 7420 6d6f 7374 t may be at most\n+00005e50: 2035 2077 6f72 6473 2c20 616e 6420 6120 5 words, and a \n+00005e60: 4261 636b 2d43 6f76 6572 2054 6578 7420 Back-Cover Text \n+00005e70: 6d61 790a 2020 2020 2062 6520 6174 206d may. be at m\n+00005e80: 6f73 7420 3235 2077 6f72 6473 2e0a 0a20 ost 25 words... \n+00005e90: 2020 2020 4120 2254 7261 6e73 7061 7265 A \"Transpare\n+00005ea0: 6e74 2220 636f 7079 206f 6620 7468 6520 nt\" copy of the \n+00005eb0: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 206d 6561 6e73 2061 Document means a\n+00005ec0: 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2d72 6561 6461 626c machine-readabl\n+00005ed0: 6520 636f 7079 2c0a 2020 2020 2072 6570 e copy,. rep\n+00005ee0: 7265 7365 6e74 6564 2069 6e20 6120 666f resented in a fo\n+00005ef0: 726d 6174 2077 686f 7365 2073 7065 6369 rmat whose speci\n+00005f00: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6176 6169 fication is avai\n+00005f10: 6c61 626c 6520 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 lable to the. \n+00005f20: 2020 6765 6e65 7261 6c20 7075 626c 6963 general public\n+00005f30: 2c20 7468 6174 2069 7320 7375 6974 6162 , that is suitab\n+00005f40: 6c65 2066 6f72 2072 6576 6973 696e 6720 le for revising \n+00005f50: 7468 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 the document. \n+00005f60: 2020 7374 7261 6967 6874 666f 7277 6172 straightforwar\n+00005f70: 646c 7920 7769 7468 2067 656e 6572 6963 dly with generic\n+00005f80: 2074 6578 7420 6564 6974 6f72 7320 6f72 text editors or\n+00005f90: 2028 666f 7220 696d 6167 6573 2063 6f6d (for images com\n+00005fa0: 706f 7365 640a 2020 2020 206f 6620 7069 posed. of pi\n+00005fb0: 7865 6c73 2920 6765 6e65 7269 6320 7061 xels) generic pa\n+00005fc0: 696e 7420 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 206f 7220 int programs or \n+00005fd0: 2866 6f72 2064 7261 7769 6e67 7329 2073 (for drawings) s\n+00005fe0: 6f6d 6520 7769 6465 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 ome widely. \n+00005ff0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6472 6177 696e available drawin\n+00006000: 6720 6564 6974 6f72 2c20 616e 6420 7468 g editor, and th\n+00006010: 6174 2069 7320 7375 6974 6162 6c65 2066 at is suitable f\n+00006020: 6f72 2069 6e70 7574 2074 6f20 7465 7874 or input to text\n+00006030: 0a20 2020 2020 666f 726d 6174 7465 7273 . formatters\n+00006040: 206f 7220 666f 7220 6175 746f 6d61 7469 or for automati\n+00006050: 6320 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e20 746f c translation to\n+00006060: 2061 2076 6172 6965 7479 206f 6620 666f a variety of fo\n+00006070: 726d 6174 730a 2020 2020 2073 7569 7461 rmats. suita\n+00006080: 626c 6520 666f 7220 696e 7075 7420 746f ble for input to\n+00006090: 2074 6578 7420 666f 726d 6174 7465 7273 text formatters\n+000060a0: 2e20 2041 2063 6f70 7920 6d61 6465 2069 . A copy made i\n+000060b0: 6e20 616e 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 0a20 n an otherwise. \n+000060c0: 2020 2020 5472 616e 7370 6172 656e 7420 Transparent \n+000060d0: 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 7768 6f73 file format whos\n+000060e0: 6520 6d61 726b 7570 2c20 6f72 2061 6273 e markup, or abs\n+000060f0: 656e 6365 206f 6620 6d61 726b 7570 2c20 ence of markup, \n+00006100: 6861 730a 2020 2020 2062 6565 6e20 6172 has. been ar\n+00006110: 7261 6e67 6564 2074 6f20 7468 7761 7274 ranged to thwart\n+00006120: 206f 7220 6469 7363 6f75 7261 6765 2073 or discourage s\n+00006130: 7562 7365 7175 656e 7420 6d6f 6469 6669 ubsequent modifi\n+00006140: 6361 7469 6f6e 2062 790a 2020 2020 2072 cation by. r\n+00006150: 6561 6465 7273 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 5472 eaders is not Tr\n+00006160: 616e 7370 6172 656e 742e 2020 416e 2069 ansparent. An i\n+00006170: 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6973 206e mage format is n\n+00006180: 6f74 2054 7261 6e73 7061 7265 6e74 2069 ot Transparent i\n+00006190: 660a 2020 2020 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 f. used for \n+000061a0: 616e 7920 7375 6273 7461 6e74 6961 6c20 any substantial \n+000061b0: 616d 6f75 6e74 206f 6620 7465 7874 2e20 amount of text. \n+000061c0: 2041 2063 6f70 7920 7468 6174 2069 7320 A copy that is \n+000061d0: 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2022 5472 616e 7370 not. \"Transp\n+000061e0: 6172 656e 7422 2069 7320 6361 6c6c 6564 arent\" is called\n+000061f0: 2022 4f70 6171 7565 222e 0a0a 2020 2020 \"Opaque\"... \n+00006200: 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 7320 6f66 2073 7569 Examples of sui\n+00006210: 7461 626c 6520 666f 726d 6174 7320 666f table formats fo\n+00006220: 7220 5472 616e 7370 6172 656e 7420 636f r Transparent co\n+00006230: 7069 6573 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2070 6c61 pies include pla\n+00006240: 696e 0a20 2020 2020 4153 4349 4920 7769 in. ASCII wi\n+00006250: 7468 6f75 7420 6d61 726b 7570 2c20 5465 thout markup, Te\n+00006260: 7869 6e66 6f20 696e 7075 7420 666f 726d xinfo input form\n+00006270: 6174 2c20 4c61 5465 5820 696e 7075 7420 at, LaTeX input \n+00006280: 666f 726d 6174 2c0a 2020 2020 2053 474d format,. SGM\n+00006290: 4c20 6f72 2058 4d4c 2075 7369 6e67 2061 L or XML using a\n+000062a0: 2070 7562 6c69 636c 7920 6176 6169 6c61 publicly availa\n+000062b0: 626c 6520 4454 442c 2061 6e64 2073 7461 ble DTD, and sta\n+000062c0: 6e64 6172 642d 636f 6e66 6f72 6d69 6e67 ndard-conforming\n+000062d0: 0a20 2020 2020 7369 6d70 6c65 2048 544d . simple HTM\n+000062e0: 4c2c 2050 6f73 7453 6372 6970 7420 6f72 L, PostScript or\n+000062f0: 2050 4446 2064 6573 6967 6e65 6420 666f PDF designed fo\n+00006300: 7220 6875 6d61 6e20 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 r human modifica\n+00006310: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 2020 2020 2045 7861 6d70 tion.. Examp\n+00006320: 6c65 7320 6f66 2074 7261 6e73 7061 7265 les of transpare\n+00006330: 6e74 2069 6d61 6765 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 nt image formats\n+00006340: 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2050 4e47 2c20 5843 include PNG, XC\n+00006350: 4620 616e 6420 4a50 472e 0a20 2020 2020 F and JPG.. \n+00006360: 4f70 6171 7565 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 2069 Opaque formats i\n+00006370: 6e63 6c75 6465 2070 726f 7072 6965 7461 nclude proprieta\n+00006380: 7279 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 2074 6861 7420 ry formats that \n+00006390: 6361 6e20 6265 2072 6561 6420 616e 640a can be read and.\n+000063a0: 2020 2020 2065 6469 7465 6420 6f6e 6c79 edited only\n+000063b0: 2062 7920 7072 6f70 7269 6574 6172 7920 by proprietary \n+000063c0: 776f 7264 2070 726f 6365 7373 6f72 732c word processors,\n+000063d0: 2053 474d 4c20 6f72 2058 4d4c 2066 6f72 SGML or XML for\n+000063e0: 2077 6869 6368 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 which. the \n+000063f0: 4454 4420 616e 642f 6f72 2070 726f 6365 DTD and/or proce\n+00006400: 7373 696e 6720 746f 6f6c 7320 6172 6520 ssing tools are \n+00006410: 6e6f 7420 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 6176 not generally av\n+00006420: 6169 6c61 626c 652c 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 ailable, and. \n+00006430: 2020 7468 6520 6d61 6368 696e 652d 6765 the machine-ge\n+00006440: 6e65 7261 7465 6420 4854 4d4c 2c20 506f nerated HTML, Po\n+00006450: 7374 5363 7269 7074 206f 7220 5044 4620 stScript or PDF \n+00006460: 7072 6f64 7563 6564 2062 7920 736f 6d65 produced by some\n+00006470: 2077 6f72 640a 2020 2020 2070 726f 6365 word. proce\n+00006480: 7373 6f72 7320 666f 7220 6f75 7470 7574 ssors for output\n+00006490: 2070 7572 706f 7365 7320 6f6e 6c79 2e0a purposes only..\n+000064a0: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 2254 6974 6c65 . The \"Title\n+000064b0: 2050 6167 6522 206d 6561 6e73 2c20 666f Page\" means, fo\n+000064c0: 7220 6120 7072 696e 7465 6420 626f 6f6b r a printed book\n+000064d0: 2c20 7468 6520 7469 746c 6520 7061 6765 , the title page\n+000064e0: 2069 7473 656c 662c 0a20 2020 2020 706c itself,. pl\n+000064f0: 7573 2073 7563 6820 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e us such followin\n+00006500: 6720 7061 6765 7320 6173 2061 7265 206e g pages as are n\n+00006510: 6565 6465 6420 746f 2068 6f6c 642c 206c eeded to hold, l\n+00006520: 6567 6962 6c79 2c20 7468 650a 2020 2020 egibly, the. \n+00006530: 206d 6174 6572 6961 6c20 7468 6973 204c material this L\n+00006540: 6963 656e 7365 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 icense requires \n+00006550: 746f 2061 7070 6561 7220 696e 2074 6865 to appear in the\n+00006560: 2074 6974 6c65 2070 6167 652e 2020 466f title page. Fo\n+00006570: 720a 2020 2020 2077 6f72 6b73 2069 6e20 r. works in \n+00006580: 666f 726d 6174 7320 7768 6963 6820 646f formats which do\n+00006590: 206e 6f74 2068 6176 6520 616e 7920 7469 not have any ti\n+000065a0: 746c 6520 7061 6765 2061 7320 7375 6368 tle page as such\n+000065b0: 2c20 2254 6974 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 5061 , \"Title. Pa\n+000065c0: 6765 2220 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6520 7465 ge\" means the te\n+000065d0: 7874 206e 6561 7220 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 xt near the most\n+000065e0: 2070 726f 6d69 6e65 6e74 2061 7070 6561 prominent appea\n+000065f0: 7261 6e63 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 rance of the. \n+00006600: 2020 776f 726b 2773 2074 6974 6c65 2c20 work's title, \n+00006610: 7072 6563 6564 696e 6720 7468 6520 6265 preceding the be\n+00006620: 6769 6e6e 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 2062 ginning of the b\n+00006630: 6f64 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6578 742e ody of the text.\n+00006640: 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 2073 6563 7469 6f6e .. A section\n+00006650: 2022 456e 7469 746c 6564 2058 595a 2220 \"Entitled XYZ\" \n+00006660: 6d65 616e 7320 6120 6e61 6d65 6420 7375 means a named su\n+00006670: 6275 6e69 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 bunit of the Doc\n+00006680: 756d 656e 740a 2020 2020 2077 686f 7365 ument. whose\n+00006690: 2074 6974 6c65 2065 6974 6865 7220 6973 title either is\n+000066a0: 2070 7265 6369 7365 6c79 2058 595a 206f precisely XYZ o\n+000066b0: 7220 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2058 595a 2069 r contains XYZ i\n+000066c0: 6e20 7061 7265 6e74 6865 7365 730a 2020 n parentheses. \n+000066d0: 2020 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2074 6578 following tex\n+000066e0: 7420 7468 6174 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7465 t that translate\n+000066f0: 7320 5859 5a20 696e 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 s XYZ in another\n+00006700: 206c 616e 6775 6167 652e 2020 2848 6572 language. (Her\n+00006710: 6520 5859 5a0a 2020 2020 2073 7461 6e64 e XYZ. stand\n+00006720: 7320 666f 7220 6120 7370 6563 6966 6963 s for a specific\n+00006730: 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 206e 616d 6520 6d65 section name me\n+00006740: 6e74 696f 6e65 6420 6265 6c6f 772c 2073 ntioned below, s\n+00006750: 7563 6820 6173 0a20 2020 2020 2241 636b uch as. \"Ack\n+00006760: 6e6f 776c 6564 6765 6d65 6e74 7322 2c20 nowledgements\", \n+00006770: 2244 6564 6963 6174 696f 6e73 222c 2022 \"Dedications\", \"\n+00006780: 456e 646f 7273 656d 656e 7473 222c 206f Endorsements\", o\n+00006790: 7220 2248 6973 746f 7279 222e 290a 2020 r \"History\".). \n+000067a0: 2020 2054 6f20 2250 7265 7365 7276 6520 To \"Preserve \n+000067b0: 7468 6520 5469 746c 6522 206f 6620 7375 the Title\" of su\n+000067c0: 6368 2061 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2077 6865 ch a section whe\n+000067d0: 6e20 796f 7520 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 6865 n you modify the\n+000067e0: 0a20 2020 2020 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 206d . Document m\n+000067f0: 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6974 2072 656d eans that it rem\n+00006800: 6169 6e73 2061 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2022 ains a section \"\n+00006810: 456e 7469 746c 6564 2058 595a 2220 6163 Entitled XYZ\" ac\n+00006820: 636f 7264 696e 670a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 cording. to \n+00006830: 7468 6973 2064 6566 696e 6974 696f 6e2e this definition.\n+00006840: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2044 6f63 756d .. The Docum\n+00006850: 656e 7420 6d61 7920 696e 636c 7564 6520 ent may include \n+00006860: 5761 7272 616e 7479 2044 6973 636c 6169 Warranty Disclai\n+00006870: 6d65 7273 206e 6578 7420 746f 2074 6865 mers next to the\n+00006880: 206e 6f74 6963 650a 2020 2020 2077 6869 notice. whi\n+00006890: 6368 2073 7461 7465 7320 7468 6174 2074 ch states that t\n+000068a0: 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 6170 706c his License appl\n+000068b0: 6965 7320 746f 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d ies to the Docum\n+000068c0: 656e 742e 2020 5468 6573 650a 2020 2020 ent. These. \n+000068d0: 2057 6172 7261 6e74 7920 4469 7363 6c61 Warranty Discla\n+000068e0: 696d 6572 7320 6172 6520 636f 6e73 6964 imers are consid\n+000068f0: 6572 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 ered to be inclu\n+00006900: 6465 6420 6279 2072 6566 6572 656e 6365 ded by reference\n+00006910: 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 6869 7320 4c69 in. this Li\n+00006920: 6365 6e73 652c 2062 7574 206f 6e6c 7920 cense, but only \n+00006930: 6173 2072 6567 6172 6473 2064 6973 636c as regards discl\n+00006940: 6169 6d69 6e67 2077 6172 7261 6e74 6965 aiming warrantie\n+00006950: 733a 2061 6e79 206f 7468 6572 0a20 2020 s: any other. \n+00006960: 2020 696d 706c 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7468 implication th\n+00006970: 6174 2074 6865 7365 2057 6172 7261 6e74 at these Warrant\n+00006980: 7920 4469 7363 6c61 696d 6572 7320 6d61 y Disclaimers ma\n+00006990: 7920 6861 7665 2069 7320 766f 6964 2061 y have is void a\n+000069a0: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 6861 7320 6e6f 2065 nd. has no e\n+000069b0: 6666 6563 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 206d 6561 ffect on the mea\n+000069c0: 6e69 6e67 206f 6620 7468 6973 204c 6963 ning of this Lic\n+000069d0: 656e 7365 2e0a 0a20 2032 2e20 5645 5242 ense... 2. VERB\n+000069e0: 4154 494d 2043 4f50 5949 4e47 0a0a 2020 ATIM COPYING.. \n+000069f0: 2020 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2063 6f70 7920 You may copy \n+00006a00: 616e 6420 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2074 and distribute t\n+00006a10: 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 696e 2061 he Document in a\n+00006a20: 6e79 206d 6564 6975 6d2c 2065 6974 6865 ny medium, eithe\n+00006a30: 720a 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 6d65 7263 6961 r. commercia\n+00006a40: 6c6c 7920 6f72 206e 6f6e 636f 6d6d 6572 lly or noncommer\n+00006a50: 6369 616c 6c79 2c20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 cially, provided\n+00006a60: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e that this Licen\n+00006a70: 7365 2c20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f70 se, the. cop\n+00006a80: 7972 6967 6874 206e 6f74 6963 6573 2c20 yright notices, \n+00006a90: 616e 6420 7468 6520 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 and the license \n+00006aa0: 6e6f 7469 6365 2073 6179 696e 6720 7468 notice saying th\n+00006ab0: 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 0a20 2020 2020 is License. \n+00006ac0: 6170 706c 6965 7320 746f 2074 6865 2044 applies to the D\n+00006ad0: 6f63 756d 656e 7420 6172 6520 7265 7072 ocument are repr\n+00006ae0: 6f64 7563 6564 2069 6e20 616c 6c20 636f oduced in all co\n+00006af0: 7069 6573 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6174 2079 pies, and that y\n+00006b00: 6f75 0a20 2020 2020 6164 6420 6e6f 206f ou. add no o\n+00006b10: 7468 6572 2063 6f6e 6469 7469 6f6e 7320 ther conditions \n+00006b20: 7768 6174 736f 6576 6572 2074 6f20 7468 whatsoever to th\n+00006b30: 6f73 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 ose of this Lice\n+00006b40: 6e73 652e 2020 596f 750a 2020 2020 206d nse. You. m\n+00006b50: 6179 206e 6f74 2075 7365 2074 6563 686e ay not use techn\n+00006b60: 6963 616c 206d 6561 7375 7265 7320 746f ical measures to\n+00006b70: 206f 6273 7472 7563 7420 6f72 2063 6f6e obstruct or con\n+00006b80: 7472 6f6c 2074 6865 2072 6561 6469 6e67 trol the reading\n+00006b90: 0a20 2020 2020 6f72 2066 7572 7468 6572 . or further\n+00006ba0: 2063 6f70 7969 6e67 206f 6620 7468 6520 copying of the \n+00006bb0: 636f 7069 6573 2079 6f75 206d 616b 6520 copies you make \n+00006bc0: 6f72 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 652e 2020 or distribute. \n+00006bd0: 486f 7765 7665 722c 0a20 2020 2020 796f However,. yo\n+00006be0: 7520 6d61 7920 6163 6365 7074 2063 6f6d u may accept com\n+00006bf0: 7065 6e73 6174 696f 6e20 696e 2065 7863 pensation in exc\n+00006c00: 6861 6e67 6520 666f 7220 636f 7069 6573 hange for copies\n+00006c10: 2e20 2049 6620 796f 750a 2020 2020 2064 . If you. d\n+00006c20: 6973 7472 6962 7574 6520 6120 6c61 7267 istribute a larg\n+00006c30: 6520 656e 6f75 6768 206e 756d 6265 7220 e enough number \n+00006c40: 6f66 2063 6f70 6965 7320 796f 7520 6d75 of copies you mu\n+00006c50: 7374 2061 6c73 6f20 666f 6c6c 6f77 2074 st also follow t\n+00006c60: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e64 6974 696f he. conditio\n+00006c70: 6e73 2069 6e20 7365 6374 696f 6e20 332e ns in section 3.\n+00006c80: 0a0a 2020 2020 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2061 .. You may a\n+00006c90: 6c73 6f20 6c65 6e64 2063 6f70 6965 732c lso lend copies,\n+00006ca0: 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 under the same \n+00006cb0: 636f 6e64 6974 696f 6e73 2073 7461 7465 conditions state\n+00006cc0: 6420 6162 6f76 652c 0a20 2020 2020 616e d above,. an\n+00006cd0: 6420 796f 7520 6d61 7920 7075 626c 6963 d you may public\n+00006ce0: 6c79 2064 6973 706c 6179 2063 6f70 6965 ly display copie\n+00006cf0: 732e 0a0a 2020 332e 2043 4f50 5949 4e47 s... 3. COPYING\n+00006d00: 2049 4e20 5155 414e 5449 5459 0a0a 2020 IN QUANTITY.. \n+00006d10: 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 7075 626c 6973 If you publis\n+00006d20: 6820 7072 696e 7465 6420 636f 7069 6573 h printed copies\n+00006d30: 2028 6f72 2063 6f70 6965 7320 696e 206d (or copies in m\n+00006d40: 6564 6961 2074 6861 7420 636f 6d6d 6f6e edia that common\n+00006d50: 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 6861 7665 2070 7269 ly. have pri\n+00006d60: 6e74 6564 2063 6f76 6572 7329 206f 6620 nted covers) of \n+00006d70: 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2c20 6e75 the Document, nu\n+00006d80: 6d62 6572 696e 6720 6d6f 7265 2074 6861 mbering more tha\n+00006d90: 6e20 3130 302c 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 n 100, and. \n+00006da0: 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2773 206c the Document's l\n+00006db0: 6963 656e 7365 206e 6f74 6963 6520 7265 icense notice re\n+00006dc0: 7175 6972 6573 2043 6f76 6572 2054 6578 quires Cover Tex\n+00006dd0: 7473 2c20 796f 7520 6d75 7374 0a20 2020 ts, you must. \n+00006de0: 2020 656e 636c 6f73 6520 7468 6520 636f enclose the co\n+00006df0: 7069 6573 2069 6e20 636f 7665 7273 2074 pies in covers t\n+00006e00: 6861 7420 6361 7272 792c 2063 6c65 6172 hat carry, clear\n+00006e10: 6c79 2061 6e64 206c 6567 6962 6c79 2c20 ly and legibly, \n+00006e20: 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 7365 2043 all. these C\n+00006e30: 6f76 6572 2054 6578 7473 3a20 4672 6f6e over Texts: Fron\n+00006e40: 742d 436f 7665 7220 5465 7874 7320 6f6e t-Cover Texts on\n+00006e50: 2074 6865 2066 726f 6e74 2063 6f76 6572 the front cover\n+00006e60: 2c20 616e 640a 2020 2020 2042 6163 6b2d , and. Back-\n+00006e70: 436f 7665 7220 5465 7874 7320 6f6e 2074 Cover Texts on t\n+00006e80: 6865 2062 6163 6b20 636f 7665 722e 2020 he back cover. \n+00006e90: 426f 7468 2063 6f76 6572 7320 6d75 7374 Both covers must\n+00006ea0: 2061 6c73 6f20 636c 6561 726c 790a 2020 also clearly. \n+00006eb0: 2020 2061 6e64 206c 6567 6962 6c79 2069 and legibly i\n+00006ec0: 6465 6e74 6966 7920 796f 7520 6173 2074 dentify you as t\n+00006ed0: 6865 2070 7562 6c69 7368 6572 206f 6620 he publisher of \n+00006ee0: 7468 6573 6520 636f 7069 6573 2e20 2054 these copies. T\n+00006ef0: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6672 6f6e 7420 636f he. front co\n+00006f00: 7665 7220 6d75 7374 2070 7265 7365 6e74 ver must present\n+00006f10: 2074 6865 2066 756c 6c20 7469 746c 6520 the full title \n+00006f20: 7769 7468 2061 6c6c 2077 6f72 6473 206f with all words o\n+00006f30: 6620 7468 6520 7469 746c 650a 2020 2020 f the title. \n+00006f40: 2065 7175 616c 6c79 2070 726f 6d69 6e65 equally promine\n+00006f50: 6e74 2061 6e64 2076 6973 6962 6c65 2e20 nt and visible. \n+00006f60: 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2061 6464 206f 7468 You may add oth\n+00006f70: 6572 206d 6174 6572 6961 6c20 6f6e 2074 er material on t\n+00006f80: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f 7665 7273 2069 he. covers i\n+00006f90: 6e20 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 2e20 2043 6f70 n addition. Cop\n+00006fa0: 7969 6e67 2077 6974 6820 6368 616e 6765 ying with change\n+00006fb0: 7320 6c69 6d69 7465 6420 746f 2074 6865 s limited to the\n+00006fc0: 2063 6f76 6572 732c 2061 730a 2020 2020 covers, as. \n+00006fd0: 206c 6f6e 6720 6173 2074 6865 7920 7072 long as they pr\n+00006fe0: 6573 6572 7665 2074 6865 2074 6974 6c65 eserve the title\n+00006ff0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 of the Document\n+00007000: 2061 6e64 2073 6174 6973 6679 2074 6865 and satisfy the\n+00007010: 7365 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e64 6974 696f se. conditio\n+00007020: 6e73 2c20 6361 6e20 6265 2074 7265 6174 ns, can be treat\n+00007030: 6564 2061 7320 7665 7262 6174 696d 2063 ed as verbatim c\n+00007040: 6f70 7969 6e67 2069 6e20 6f74 6865 7220 opying in other \n+00007050: 7265 7370 6563 7473 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 respects... \n+00007060: 4966 2074 6865 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 If the required \n+00007070: 7465 7874 7320 666f 7220 6569 7468 6572 texts for either\n+00007080: 2063 6f76 6572 2061 7265 2074 6f6f 2076 cover are too v\n+00007090: 6f6c 756d 696e 6f75 7320 746f 2066 6974 oluminous to fit\n+000070a0: 0a20 2020 2020 6c65 6769 626c 792c 2079 . legibly, y\n+000070b0: 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 7075 7420 7468 ou should put th\n+000070c0: 6520 6669 7273 7420 6f6e 6573 206c 6973 e first ones lis\n+000070d0: 7465 6420 2861 7320 6d61 6e79 2061 7320 ted (as many as \n+000070e0: 6669 740a 2020 2020 2072 6561 736f 6e61 fit. reasona\n+000070f0: 626c 7929 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6163 7475 bly) on the actu\n+00007100: 616c 2063 6f76 6572 2c20 616e 6420 636f al cover, and co\n+00007110: 6e74 696e 7565 2074 6865 2072 6573 7420 ntinue the rest \n+00007120: 6f6e 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6164 6a61 6365 onto. adjace\n+00007130: 6e74 2070 6167 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 nt pages... \n+00007140: 4966 2079 6f75 2070 7562 6c69 7368 206f If you publish o\n+00007150: 7220 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 204f 7061 r distribute Opa\n+00007160: 7175 6520 636f 7069 6573 206f 6620 7468 que copies of th\n+00007170: 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 e Document. \n+00007180: 6e75 6d62 6572 696e 6720 6d6f 7265 2074 numbering more t\n+00007190: 6861 6e20 3130 302c 2079 6f75 206d 7573 han 100, you mus\n+000071a0: 7420 6569 7468 6572 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 t either include\n+000071b0: 2061 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2d72 6561 6461 a machine-reada\n+000071c0: 626c 650a 2020 2020 2054 7261 6e73 7061 ble. Transpa\n+000071d0: 7265 6e74 2063 6f70 7920 616c 6f6e 6720 rent copy along \n+000071e0: 7769 7468 2065 6163 6820 4f70 6171 7565 with each Opaque\n+000071f0: 2063 6f70 792c 206f 7220 7374 6174 6520 copy, or state \n+00007200: 696e 206f 7220 7769 7468 0a20 2020 2020 in or with. \n+00007210: 6561 6368 204f 7061 7175 6520 636f 7079 each Opaque copy\n+00007220: 2061 2063 6f6d 7075 7465 722d 6e65 7477 a computer-netw\n+00007230: 6f72 6b20 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2066 726f ork location fro\n+00007240: 6d20 7768 6963 6820 7468 6520 6765 6e65 m which the gene\n+00007250: 7261 6c0a 2020 2020 206e 6574 776f 726b ral. network\n+00007260: 2d75 7369 6e67 2070 7562 6c69 6320 6861 -using public ha\n+00007270: 7320 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f20 646f 776e s access to down\n+00007280: 6c6f 6164 2075 7369 6e67 2070 7562 6c69 load using publi\n+00007290: 632d 7374 616e 6461 7264 0a20 2020 2020 c-standard. \n+000072a0: 6e65 7477 6f72 6b20 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c network protocol\n+000072b0: 7320 6120 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 2054 7261 s a complete Tra\n+000072c0: 6e73 7061 7265 6e74 2063 6f70 7920 6f66 nsparent copy of\n+000072d0: 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 742c 2066 the Document, f\n+000072e0: 7265 650a 2020 2020 206f 6620 6164 6465 ree. of adde\n+000072f0: 6420 6d61 7465 7269 616c 2e20 2049 6620 d material. If \n+00007300: 796f 7520 7573 6520 7468 6520 6c61 7474 you use the latt\n+00007310: 6572 206f 7074 696f 6e2c 2079 6f75 206d er option, you m\n+00007320: 7573 7420 7461 6b65 0a20 2020 2020 7265 ust take. re\n+00007330: 6173 6f6e 6162 6c79 2070 7275 6465 6e74 asonably prudent\n+00007340: 2073 7465 7073 2c20 7768 656e 2079 6f75 steps, when you\n+00007350: 2062 6567 696e 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 begin distribut\n+00007360: 696f 6e20 6f66 204f 7061 7175 650a 2020 ion of Opaque. \n+00007370: 2020 2063 6f70 6965 7320 696e 2071 7561 copies in qua\n+00007380: 6e74 6974 792c 2074 6f20 656e 7375 7265 ntity, to ensure\n+00007390: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6973 2054 7261 6e73 that this Trans\n+000073a0: 7061 7265 6e74 2063 6f70 7920 7769 6c6c parent copy will\n+000073b0: 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6d61 696e 2074 6875 . remain thu\n+000073c0: 7320 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 2061 7420 s accessible at \n+000073d0: 7468 6520 7374 6174 6564 206c 6f63 6174 the stated locat\n+000073e0: 696f 6e20 756e 7469 6c20 6174 206c 6561 ion until at lea\n+000073f0: 7374 206f 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 7965 6172 st one. year\n+00007400: 2061 6674 6572 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 after the last \n+00007410: 7469 6d65 2079 6f75 2064 6973 7472 6962 time you distrib\n+00007420: 7574 6520 616e 204f 7061 7175 6520 636f ute an Opaque co\n+00007430: 7079 2028 6469 7265 6374 6c79 206f 720a py (directly or.\n+00007440: 2020 2020 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2079 6f75 through you\n+00007450: 7220 6167 656e 7473 206f 7220 7265 7461 r agents or reta\n+00007460: 696c 6572 7329 206f 6620 7468 6174 2065 ilers) of that e\n+00007470: 6469 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7075 dition to the pu\n+00007480: 626c 6963 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4974 2069 blic... It i\n+00007490: 7320 7265 7175 6573 7465 642c 2062 7574 s requested, but\n+000074a0: 206e 6f74 2072 6571 7569 7265 642c 2074 not required, t\n+000074b0: 6861 7420 796f 7520 636f 6e74 6163 7420 hat you contact \n+000074c0: 7468 6520 6175 7468 6f72 7320 6f66 0a20 the authors of. \n+000074d0: 2020 2020 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 the Document\n+000074e0: 2077 656c 6c20 6265 666f 7265 2072 6564 well before red\n+000074f0: 6973 7472 6962 7574 696e 6720 616e 7920 istributing any \n+00007500: 6c61 7267 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 large number of \n+00007510: 636f 7069 6573 2c0a 2020 2020 2074 6f20 copies,. to \n+00007520: 6769 7665 2074 6865 6d20 6120 6368 616e give them a chan\n+00007530: 6365 2074 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6520 796f ce to provide yo\n+00007540: 7520 7769 7468 2061 6e20 7570 6461 7465 u with an update\n+00007550: 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 d version of the\n+00007560: 0a20 2020 2020 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2e0a . Document..\n+00007570: 0a20 2034 2e20 4d4f 4449 4649 4341 5449 . 4. MODIFICATI\n+00007580: 4f4e 530a 0a20 2020 2020 596f 7520 6d61 ONS.. You ma\n+00007590: 7920 636f 7079 2061 6e64 2064 6973 7472 y copy and distr\n+000075a0: 6962 7574 6520 6120 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 ibute a Modified\n+000075b0: 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 Version of the \n+000075c0: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 756e Document. un\n+000075d0: 6465 7220 7468 6520 636f 6e64 6974 696f der the conditio\n+000075e0: 6e73 206f 6620 7365 6374 696f 6e73 2032 ns of sections 2\n+000075f0: 2061 6e64 2033 2061 626f 7665 2c20 7072 and 3 above, pr\n+00007600: 6f76 6964 6564 2074 6861 7420 796f 750a ovided that you.\n+00007610: 2020 2020 2072 656c 6561 7365 2074 6865 release the\n+00007620: 204d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f Modified Versio\n+00007630: 6e20 756e 6465 7220 7072 6563 6973 656c n under precisel\n+00007640: 7920 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 2c20 y this License, \n+00007650: 7769 7468 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 4d6f with the. Mo\n+00007660: 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2066 dified Version f\n+00007670: 696c 6c69 6e67 2074 6865 2072 6f6c 6520 illing the role \n+00007680: 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 742c of the Document,\n+00007690: 2074 6875 7320 6c69 6365 6e73 696e 670a thus licensing.\n+000076a0: 2020 2020 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f distributio\n+000076b0: 6e20 616e 6420 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 7469 n and modificati\n+000076c0: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 4d6f 6469 6669 on of the Modifi\n+000076d0: 6564 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2074 6f20 7768 ed Version to wh\n+000076e0: 6f65 7665 720a 2020 2020 2070 6f73 7365 oever. posse\n+000076f0: 7373 6573 2061 2063 6f70 7920 6f66 2069 sses a copy of i\n+00007700: 742e 2020 496e 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e2c t. In addition,\n+00007710: 2079 6f75 206d 7573 7420 646f 2074 6865 you must do the\n+00007720: 7365 2074 6869 6e67 7320 696e 0a20 2020 se things in. \n+00007730: 2020 7468 6520 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 the Modified V\n+00007740: 6572 7369 6f6e 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ersion:.. \n+00007750: 412e 2055 7365 2069 6e20 7468 6520 5469 A. Use in the Ti\n+00007760: 746c 6520 5061 6765 2028 616e 6420 6f6e tle Page (and on\n+00007770: 2074 6865 2063 6f76 6572 732c 2069 6620 the covers, if \n+00007780: 616e 7929 2061 2074 6974 6c65 0a20 2020 any) a title. \n+00007790: 2020 2020 2020 2064 6973 7469 6e63 7420 distinct \n+000077a0: 6672 6f6d 2074 6861 7420 6f66 2074 6865 from that of the\n+000077b0: 2044 6f63 756d 656e 742c 2061 6e64 2066 Document, and f\n+000077c0: 726f 6d20 7468 6f73 6520 6f66 2070 7265 rom those of pre\n+000077d0: 7669 6f75 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 vious. \n+000077e0: 7665 7273 696f 6e73 2028 7768 6963 6820 versions (which \n+000077f0: 7368 6f75 6c64 2c20 6966 2074 6865 7265 should, if there\n+00007800: 2077 6572 6520 616e 792c 2062 6520 6c69 were any, be li\n+00007810: 7374 6564 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 sted in the. \n+00007820: 2020 2020 2020 4869 7374 6f72 7920 7365 History se\n+00007830: 6374 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 ction of the Doc\n+00007840: 756d 656e 7429 2e20 2059 6f75 206d 6179 ument). You may\n+00007850: 2075 7365 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7469 use the same ti\n+00007860: 746c 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6173 tle. as\n+00007870: 2061 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7665 7273 a previous vers\n+00007880: 696f 6e20 6966 2074 6865 206f 7269 6769 ion if the origi\n+00007890: 6e61 6c20 7075 626c 6973 6865 7220 6f66 nal publisher of\n+000078a0: 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 that. \n+000078b0: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6769 7665 7320 7065 version gives pe\n+000078c0: 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 rmission... \n+000078d0: 2020 422e 204c 6973 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 B. List on the\n+000078e0: 2054 6974 6c65 2050 6167 652c 2061 7320 Title Page, as \n+000078f0: 6175 7468 6f72 732c 206f 6e65 206f 7220 authors, one or \n+00007900: 6d6f 7265 2070 6572 736f 6e73 206f 720a more persons or.\n+00007910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 656e 7469 7469 entiti\n+00007920: 6573 2072 6573 706f 6e73 6962 6c65 2066 es responsible f\n+00007930: 6f72 2061 7574 686f 7273 6869 7020 6f66 or authorship of\n+00007940: 2074 6865 206d 6f64 6966 6963 6174 696f the modificatio\n+00007950: 6e73 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ns in. \n+00007960: 7468 6520 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 the Modified Ver\n+00007970: 7369 6f6e 2c20 746f 6765 7468 6572 2077 sion, together w\n+00007980: 6974 6820 6174 206c 6561 7374 2066 6976 ith at least fiv\n+00007990: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 e of the. \n+000079a0: 2020 2070 7269 6e63 6970 616c 2061 7574 principal aut\n+000079b0: 686f 7273 206f 6620 7468 6520 446f 6375 hors of the Docu\n+000079c0: 6d65 6e74 2028 616c 6c20 6f66 2069 7473 ment (all of its\n+000079d0: 2070 7269 6e63 6970 616c 0a20 2020 2020 principal. \n+000079e0: 2020 2020 2061 7574 686f 7273 2c20 6966 authors, if\n+000079f0: 2069 7420 6861 7320 6665 7765 7220 7468 it has fewer th\n+00007a00: 616e 2066 6976 6529 2c20 756e 6c65 7373 an five), unless\n+00007a10: 2074 6865 7920 7265 6c65 6173 6520 796f they release yo\n+00007a20: 750a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6672 6f6d u. from\n+00007a30: 2074 6869 7320 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e this requiremen\n+00007a40: 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2043 2e20 5374 t... C. St\n+00007a50: 6174 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 2054 6974 6c65 ate on the Title\n+00007a60: 2070 6167 6520 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 206f page the name o\n+00007a70: 6620 7468 6520 7075 626c 6973 6865 7220 f the publisher \n+00007a80: 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 of the. \n+00007a90: 204d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f Modified Versio\n+00007aa0: 6e2c 2061 7320 7468 6520 7075 626c 6973 n, as the publis\n+00007ab0: 6865 722e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2044 2e20 her... D. \n+00007ac0: 5072 6573 6572 7665 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 Preserve all the\n+00007ad0: 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 206e 6f74 6963 copyright notic\n+00007ae0: 6573 206f 6620 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 es of the Docume\n+00007af0: 6e74 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 452e 2041 nt... E. A\n+00007b00: 6464 2061 6e20 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 dd an appropriat\n+00007b10: 6520 636f 7079 7269 6768 7420 6e6f 7469 e copyright noti\n+00007b20: 6365 2066 6f72 2079 6f75 7220 6d6f 6469 ce for your modi\n+00007b30: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 730a 2020 2020 2020 fications. \n+00007b40: 2020 2020 6164 6a61 6365 6e74 2074 6f20 adjacent to \n+00007b50: 7468 6520 6f74 6865 7220 636f 7079 7269 the other copyri\n+00007b60: 6768 7420 6e6f 7469 6365 732e 0a0a 2020 ght notices... \n+00007b70: 2020 2020 2046 2e20 496e 636c 7564 652c F. Include,\n+00007b80: 2069 6d6d 6564 6961 7465 6c79 2061 6674 immediately aft\n+00007b90: 6572 2074 6865 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 er the copyright\n+00007ba0: 206e 6f74 6963 6573 2c20 6120 6c69 6365 notices, a lice\n+00007bb0: 6e73 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f nse. no\n+00007bc0: 7469 6365 2067 6976 696e 6720 7468 6520 tice giving the \n+00007bd0: 7075 626c 6963 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f public permissio\n+00007be0: 6e20 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 204d 6f64 n to use the Mod\n+00007bf0: 6966 6965 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ified. \n+00007c00: 5665 7273 696f 6e20 756e 6465 7220 7468 Version under th\n+00007c10: 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 2074 6869 7320 e terms of this \n+00007c20: 4c69 6365 6e73 652c 2069 6e20 7468 6520 License, in the \n+00007c30: 666f 726d 2073 686f 776e 2069 6e0a 2020 form shown in. \n+00007c40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 4164 6465 the Adde\n+00007c50: 6e64 756d 2062 656c 6f77 2e0a 0a20 2020 ndum below... \n+00007c60: 2020 2020 472e 2050 7265 7365 7276 6520 G. Preserve \n+00007c70: 696e 2074 6861 7420 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 in that license \n+00007c80: 6e6f 7469 6365 2074 6865 2066 756c 6c20 notice the full \n+00007c90: 6c69 7374 7320 6f66 2049 6e76 6172 6961 lists of Invaria\n+00007ca0: 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2053 6563 nt. Sec\n+00007cb0: 7469 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 7265 7175 6972 tions and requir\n+00007cc0: 6564 2043 6f76 6572 2054 6578 7473 2067 ed Cover Texts g\n+00007cd0: 6976 656e 2069 6e20 7468 6520 446f 6375 iven in the Docu\n+00007ce0: 6d65 6e74 2773 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ment's. \n+00007cf0: 206c 6963 656e 7365 206e 6f74 6963 652e license notice.\n+00007d00: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2048 2e20 496e 636c .. H. Incl\n+00007d10: 7564 6520 616e 2075 6e61 6c74 6572 6564 ude an unaltered\n+00007d20: 2063 6f70 7920 6f66 2074 6869 7320 4c69 copy of this Li\n+00007d30: 6365 6e73 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2049 cense... I\n+00007d40: 2e20 5072 6573 6572 7665 2074 6865 2073 . Preserve the s\n+00007d50: 6563 7469 6f6e 2045 6e74 6974 6c65 6420 ection Entitled \n+00007d60: 2248 6973 746f 7279 222c 2050 7265 7365 \"History\", Prese\n+00007d70: 7276 6520 6974 7320 5469 746c 652c 0a20 rve its Title,. \n+00007d80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 6e64 2061 6464 and add\n+00007d90: 2074 6f20 6974 2061 6e20 6974 656d 2073 to it an item s\n+00007da0: 7461 7469 6e67 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 tating at least \n+00007db0: 7468 6520 7469 746c 652c 2079 6561 722c the title, year,\n+00007dc0: 206e 6577 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 new. a\n+00007dd0: 7574 686f 7273 2c20 616e 6420 7075 626c uthors, and publ\n+00007de0: 6973 6865 7220 6f66 2074 6865 204d 6f64 isher of the Mod\n+00007df0: 6966 6965 6420 5665 7273 696f 6e20 6173 ified Version as\n+00007e00: 2067 6976 656e 206f 6e20 7468 650a 2020 given on the. \n+00007e10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 5469 746c 6520 5061 Title Pa\n+00007e20: 6765 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 6973 ge. If there is\n+00007e30: 206e 6f20 7365 6374 696f 6e20 456e 7469 no section Enti\n+00007e40: 746c 6564 2022 4869 7374 6f72 7922 2069 tled \"History\" i\n+00007e50: 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n the. \n+00007e60: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2c20 6372 6561 7465 Document, create\n+00007e70: 206f 6e65 2073 7461 7469 6e67 2074 6865 one stating the\n+00007e80: 2074 6974 6c65 2c20 7965 6172 2c20 6175 title, year, au\n+00007e90: 7468 6f72 732c 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 thors, and. \n+00007ea0: 2020 2020 2070 7562 6c69 7368 6572 206f publisher o\n+00007eb0: 6620 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2061 f the Document a\n+00007ec0: 7320 6769 7665 6e20 6f6e 2069 7473 2054 s given on its T\n+00007ed0: 6974 6c65 2050 6167 652c 2074 6865 6e20 itle Page, then \n+00007ee0: 6164 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 616e add. an\n+00007ef0: 2069 7465 6d20 6465 7363 7269 6269 6e67 item describing\n+00007f00: 2074 6865 204d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 5665 the Modified Ve\n+00007f10: 7273 696f 6e20 6173 2073 7461 7465 6420 rsion as stated \n+00007f20: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 in the. \n+00007f30: 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7365 6e74 656e previous senten\n+00007f40: 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4a2e 2050 ce... J. P\n+00007f50: 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 6520 6e65 7477 reserve the netw\n+00007f60: 6f72 6b20 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 6966 ork location, if\n+00007f70: 2061 6e79 2c20 6769 7665 6e20 696e 2074 any, given in t\n+00007f80: 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 740a 2020 2020 he Document. \n+00007f90: 2020 2020 2020 666f 7220 7075 626c 6963 for public\n+00007fa0: 2061 6363 6573 7320 746f 2061 2054 7261 access to a Tra\n+00007fb0: 6e73 7061 7265 6e74 2063 6f70 7920 6f66 nsparent copy of\n+00007fc0: 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 742c 2061 the Document, a\n+00007fd0: 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 696b nd. lik\n+00007fe0: 6577 6973 6520 7468 6520 6e65 7477 6f72 ewise the networ\n+00007ff0: 6b20 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 6769 7665 k locations give\n+00008000: 6e20 696e 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e n in the Documen\n+00008010: 7420 666f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t for. \n+00008020: 7072 6576 696f 7573 2076 6572 7369 6f6e previous version\n+00008030: 7320 6974 2077 6173 2062 6173 6564 206f s it was based o\n+00008040: 6e2e 2020 5468 6573 6520 6d61 7920 6265 n. These may be\n+00008050: 2070 6c61 6365 6420 696e 2074 6865 0a20 placed in the. \n+00008060: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2022 4869 7374 6f72 \"Histor\n+00008070: 7922 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2e20 2059 6f75 y\" section. You\n+00008080: 206d 6179 206f 6d69 7420 6120 6e65 7477 may omit a netw\n+00008090: 6f72 6b20 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 ork location for\n+000080a0: 2061 2077 6f72 6b0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 a work. \n+000080b0: 2020 7468 6174 2077 6173 2070 7562 6c69 that was publi\n+000080c0: 7368 6564 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 666f shed at least fo\n+000080d0: 7572 2079 6561 7273 2062 6566 6f72 6520 ur years before \n+000080e0: 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 the Document. \n+000080f0: 2020 2020 2020 2069 7473 656c 662c 206f itself, o\n+00008100: 7220 6966 2074 6865 206f 7269 6769 6e61 r if the origina\n+00008110: 6c20 7075 626c 6973 6865 7220 6f66 2074 l publisher of t\n+00008120: 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2069 7420 7265 he version it re\n+00008130: 6665 7273 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 fers. t\n+00008140: 6f20 6769 7665 7320 7065 726d 6973 7369 o gives permissi\n+00008150: 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4b2e 2046 on... K. F\n+00008160: 6f72 2061 6e79 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2045 or any section E\n+00008170: 6e74 6974 6c65 6420 2241 636b 6e6f 776c ntitled \"Acknowl\n+00008180: 6564 6765 6d65 6e74 7322 206f 7220 2244 edgements\" or \"D\n+00008190: 6564 6963 6174 696f 6e73 222c 0a20 2020 edications\",. \n+000081a0: 2020 2020 2020 2050 7265 7365 7276 6520 Preserve \n+000081b0: 7468 6520 5469 746c 6520 6f66 2074 6865 the Title of the\n+000081c0: 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2c20 616e 6420 7072 section, and pr\n+000081d0: 6573 6572 7665 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7365 eserve in the se\n+000081e0: 6374 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ction. \n+000081f0: 616c 6c20 7468 6520 7375 6273 7461 6e63 all the substanc\n+00008200: 6520 616e 6420 746f 6e65 206f 6620 6561 e and tone of ea\n+00008210: 6368 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6e74 7269 ch of the contri\n+00008220: 6275 746f 720a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 butor. \n+00008230: 6163 6b6e 6f77 6c65 6467 656d 656e 7473 acknowledgements\n+00008240: 2061 6e64 2f6f 7220 6465 6469 6361 7469 and/or dedicati\n+00008250: 6f6e 7320 6769 7665 6e20 7468 6572 6569 ons given therei\n+00008260: 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 204c 2e20 5072 n... L. Pr\n+00008270: 6573 6572 7665 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2049 eserve all the I\n+00008280: 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e nvariant Section\n+00008290: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e s of the Documen\n+000082a0: 742c 2075 6e61 6c74 6572 6564 0a20 2020 t, unaltered. \n+000082b0: 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e20 7468 6569 7220 in their \n+000082c0: 7465 7874 2061 6e64 2069 6e20 7468 6569 text and in thei\n+000082d0: 7220 7469 746c 6573 2e20 2053 6563 7469 r titles. Secti\n+000082e0: 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7273 206f 7220 7468 on numbers or th\n+000082f0: 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6571 7569 e. equi\n+00008300: 7661 6c65 6e74 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2063 valent are not c\n+00008310: 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 7061 7274 206f onsidered part o\n+00008320: 6620 7468 6520 7365 6374 696f 6e20 7469 f the section ti\n+00008330: 746c 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4d2e tles... M.\n+00008340: 2044 656c 6574 6520 616e 7920 7365 6374 Delete any sect\n+00008350: 696f 6e20 456e 7469 746c 6564 2022 456e ion Entitled \"En\n+00008360: 646f 7273 656d 656e 7473 222e 2020 5375 dorsements\". Su\n+00008370: 6368 2061 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 ch a section. \n+00008380: 2020 2020 2020 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2062 may not b\n+00008390: 6520 696e 636c 7564 6564 2069 6e20 7468 e included in th\n+000083a0: 6520 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 7369 e Modified Versi\n+000083b0: 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 4e2e 2044 on... N. D\n+000083c0: 6f20 6e6f 7420 7265 7469 746c 6520 616e o not retitle an\n+000083d0: 7920 6578 6973 7469 6e67 2073 6563 7469 y existing secti\n+000083e0: 6f6e 2074 6f20 6265 2045 6e74 6974 6c65 on to be Entitle\n+000083f0: 640a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2245 6e64 d. \"End\n+00008400: 6f72 7365 6d65 6e74 7322 206f 7220 746f orsements\" or to\n+00008410: 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 696e 2074 6974 conflict in tit\n+00008420: 6c65 2077 6974 6820 616e 7920 496e 7661 le with any Inva\n+00008430: 7269 616e 740a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 riant. \n+00008440: 5365 6374 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 Section... \n+00008450: 204f 2e20 5072 6573 6572 7665 2061 6e79 O. Preserve any\n+00008460: 2057 6172 7261 6e74 7920 4469 7363 6c61 Warranty Discla\n+00008470: 696d 6572 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 imers... If \n+00008480: 7468 6520 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 the Modified Ver\n+00008490: 7369 6f6e 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 7320 6e65 sion includes ne\n+000084a0: 7720 6672 6f6e 742d 6d61 7474 6572 2073 w front-matter s\n+000084b0: 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 ections or. \n+000084c0: 6170 7065 6e64 6963 6573 2074 6861 7420 appendices that \n+000084d0: 7175 616c 6966 7920 6173 2053 6563 6f6e qualify as Secon\n+000084e0: 6461 7279 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 616e dary Sections an\n+000084f0: 6420 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 6e6f 0a20 2020 d contain no. \n+00008500: 2020 6d61 7465 7269 616c 2063 6f70 6965 material copie\n+00008510: 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d d from the Docum\n+00008520: 656e 742c 2079 6f75 206d 6179 2061 7420 ent, you may at \n+00008530: 796f 7572 206f 7074 696f 6e20 6465 7369 your option desi\n+00008540: 676e 6174 650a 2020 2020 2073 6f6d 6520 gnate. some \n+00008550: 6f72 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 6573 6520 or all of these \n+00008560: 7365 6374 696f 6e73 2061 7320 696e 7661 sections as inva\n+00008570: 7269 616e 742e 2020 546f 2064 6f20 7468 riant. To do th\n+00008580: 6973 2c20 6164 6420 7468 6569 720a 2020 is, add their. \n+00008590: 2020 2074 6974 6c65 7320 746f 2074 6865 titles to the\n+000085a0: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2049 6e76 6172 6961 list of Invaria\n+000085b0: 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 696e 2074 nt Sections in t\n+000085c0: 6865 204d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 5665 7273 he Modified Vers\n+000085d0: 696f 6e27 730a 2020 2020 206c 6963 656e ion's. licen\n+000085e0: 7365 206e 6f74 6963 652e 2020 5468 6573 se notice. Thes\n+000085f0: 6520 7469 746c 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 e titles must be\n+00008600: 2064 6973 7469 6e63 7420 6672 6f6d 2061 distinct from a\n+00008610: 6e79 206f 7468 6572 0a20 2020 2020 7365 ny other. se\n+00008620: 6374 696f 6e20 7469 746c 6573 2e0a 0a20 ction titles... \n+00008630: 2020 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 6164 6420 You may add \n+00008640: 6120 7365 6374 696f 6e20 456e 7469 746c a section Entitl\n+00008650: 6564 2022 456e 646f 7273 656d 656e 7473 ed \"Endorsements\n+00008660: 222c 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6974 2063 \", provided it c\n+00008670: 6f6e 7461 696e 730a 2020 2020 206e 6f74 ontains. not\n+00008680: 6869 6e67 2062 7574 2065 6e64 6f72 7365 hing but endorse\n+00008690: 6d65 6e74 7320 6f66 2079 6f75 7220 4d6f ments of your Mo\n+000086a0: 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2062 dified Version b\n+000086b0: 7920 7661 7269 6f75 730a 2020 2020 2070 y various. p\n+000086c0: 6172 7469 6573 2d2d 666f 7220 6578 616d arties--for exam\n+000086d0: 706c 652c 2073 7461 7465 6d65 6e74 7320 ple, statements \n+000086e0: 6f66 2070 6565 7220 7265 7669 6577 206f of peer review o\n+000086f0: 7220 7468 6174 2074 6865 2074 6578 740a r that the text.\n+00008700: 2020 2020 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6170 has been ap\n+00008710: 7072 6f76 6564 2062 7920 616e 206f 7267 proved by an org\n+00008720: 616e 697a 6174 696f 6e20 6173 2074 6865 anization as the\n+00008730: 2061 7574 686f 7269 7461 7469 7665 0a20 authoritative. \n+00008740: 2020 2020 6465 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 206f definition o\n+00008750: 6620 6120 7374 616e 6461 7264 2e0a 0a20 f a standard... \n+00008760: 2020 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 6164 6420 You may add \n+00008770: 6120 7061 7373 6167 6520 6f66 2075 7020 a passage of up \n+00008780: 746f 2066 6976 6520 776f 7264 7320 6173 to five words as\n+00008790: 2061 2046 726f 6e74 2d43 6f76 6572 2054 a Front-Cover T\n+000087a0: 6578 742c 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 6120 ext,. and a \n+000087b0: 7061 7373 6167 6520 6f66 2075 7020 746f passage of up to\n+000087c0: 2032 3520 776f 7264 7320 6173 2061 2042 25 words as a B\n+000087d0: 6163 6b2d 436f 7665 7220 5465 7874 2c20 ack-Cover Text, \n+000087e0: 746f 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 660a 2020 to the end of. \n+000087f0: 2020 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2043 the list of C\n+00008800: 6f76 6572 2054 6578 7473 2069 6e20 7468 over Texts in th\n+00008810: 6520 4d6f 6469 6669 6564 2056 6572 7369 e Modified Versi\n+00008820: 6f6e 2e20 204f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 6520 7061 on. Only one pa\n+00008830: 7373 6167 650a 2020 2020 206f 6620 4672 ssage. of Fr\n+00008840: 6f6e 742d 436f 7665 7220 5465 7874 2061 ont-Cover Text a\n+00008850: 6e64 206f 6e65 206f 6620 4261 636b 2d43 nd one of Back-C\n+00008860: 6f76 6572 2054 6578 7420 6d61 7920 6265 over Text may be\n+00008870: 2061 6464 6564 2062 7920 286f 720a 2020 added by (or. \n+00008880: 2020 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2061 7272 616e through arran\n+00008890: 6765 6d65 6e74 7320 6d61 6465 2062 7929 gements made by)\n+000088a0: 2061 6e79 206f 6e65 2065 6e74 6974 792e any one entity.\n+000088b0: 2020 4966 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e If the Documen\n+000088c0: 740a 2020 2020 2061 6c72 6561 6479 2069 t. already i\n+000088d0: 6e63 6c75 6465 7320 6120 636f 7665 7220 ncludes a cover \n+000088e0: 7465 7874 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2073 616d text for the sam\n+000088f0: 6520 636f 7665 722c 2070 7265 7669 6f75 e cover, previou\n+00008900: 736c 7920 6164 6465 640a 2020 2020 2062 sly added. b\n+00008910: 7920 796f 7520 6f72 2062 7920 6172 7261 y you or by arra\n+00008920: 6e67 656d 656e 7420 6d61 6465 2062 7920 ngement made by \n+00008930: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2065 6e74 6974 7920 the same entity \n+00008940: 796f 7520 6172 6520 6163 7469 6e67 206f you are acting o\n+00008950: 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 6568 616c 6620 6f66 n. behalf of\n+00008960: 2c20 796f 7520 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6164 , you may not ad\n+00008970: 6420 616e 6f74 6865 723b 2062 7574 2079 d another; but y\n+00008980: 6f75 206d 6179 2072 6570 6c61 6365 2074 ou may replace t\n+00008990: 6865 206f 6c64 0a20 2020 2020 6f6e 652c he old. one,\n+000089a0: 206f 6e20 6578 706c 6963 6974 2070 6572 on explicit per\n+000089b0: 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 mission from the\n+000089c0: 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7075 626c 6973 previous publis\n+000089d0: 6865 7220 7468 6174 2061 6464 6564 0a20 her that added. \n+000089e0: 2020 2020 7468 6520 6f6c 6420 6f6e 652e the old one.\n+000089f0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2061 7574 686f .. The autho\n+00008a00: 7228 7329 2061 6e64 2070 7562 6c69 7368 r(s) and publish\n+00008a10: 6572 2873 2920 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 er(s) of the Doc\n+00008a20: 756d 656e 7420 646f 206e 6f74 2062 7920 ument do not by \n+00008a30: 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 4c69 6365 6e73 this. Licens\n+00008a40: 6520 6769 7665 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f e give permissio\n+00008a50: 6e20 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 6972 206e n to use their n\n+00008a60: 616d 6573 2066 6f72 2070 7562 6c69 6369 ames for publici\n+00008a70: 7479 2066 6f72 206f 7220 746f 0a20 2020 ty for or to. \n+00008a80: 2020 6173 7365 7274 206f 7220 696d 706c assert or impl\n+00008a90: 7920 656e 646f 7273 656d 656e 7420 6f66 y endorsement of\n+00008aa0: 2061 6e79 204d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 5665 any Modified Ve\n+00008ab0: 7273 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 352e 2043 4f4d rsion... 5. COM\n+00008ac0: 4249 4e49 4e47 2044 4f43 554d 454e 5453 BINING DOCUMENTS\n+00008ad0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2063 .. You may c\n+00008ae0: 6f6d 6269 6e65 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d ombine the Docum\n+00008af0: 656e 7420 7769 7468 206f 7468 6572 2064 ent with other d\n+00008b00: 6f63 756d 656e 7473 2072 656c 6561 7365 ocuments release\n+00008b10: 6420 756e 6465 720a 2020 2020 2074 6869 d under. thi\n+00008b20: 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 652c 2075 6e64 6572 s License, under\n+00008b30: 2074 6865 2074 6572 6d73 2064 6566 696e the terms defin\n+00008b40: 6564 2069 6e20 7365 6374 696f 6e20 3420 ed in section 4 \n+00008b50: 6162 6f76 6520 666f 720a 2020 2020 206d above for. m\n+00008b60: 6f64 6966 6965 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e73 odified versions\n+00008b70: 2c20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2074 6861 7420 , provided that \n+00008b80: 796f 7520 696e 636c 7564 6520 696e 2074 you include in t\n+00008b90: 6865 2063 6f6d 6269 6e61 7469 6f6e 2061 he combination a\n+00008ba0: 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 6f66 2074 6865 2049 ll. of the I\n+00008bb0: 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e nvariant Section\n+00008bc0: 7320 6f66 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 6520 s of all of the \n+00008bd0: 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2064 6f63 756d 656e original documen\n+00008be0: 7473 2c0a 2020 2020 2075 6e6d 6f64 6966 ts,. unmodif\n+00008bf0: 6965 642c 2061 6e64 206c 6973 7420 7468 ied, and list th\n+00008c00: 656d 2061 6c6c 2061 7320 496e 7661 7269 em all as Invari\n+00008c10: 616e 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 206f 6620 ant Sections of \n+00008c20: 796f 7572 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d62 696e your. combin\n+00008c30: 6564 2077 6f72 6b20 696e 2069 7473 206c ed work in its l\n+00008c40: 6963 656e 7365 206e 6f74 6963 652c 2061 icense notice, a\n+00008c50: 6e64 2074 6861 7420 796f 7520 7072 6573 nd that you pres\n+00008c60: 6572 7665 2061 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 7468 erve all. th\n+00008c70: 6569 7220 5761 7272 616e 7479 2044 6973 eir Warranty Dis\n+00008c80: 636c 6169 6d65 7273 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 claimers... \n+00008c90: 5468 6520 636f 6d62 696e 6564 2077 6f72 The combined wor\n+00008ca0: 6b20 6e65 6564 206f 6e6c 7920 636f 6e74 k need only cont\n+00008cb0: 6169 6e20 6f6e 6520 636f 7079 206f 6620 ain one copy of \n+00008cc0: 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 2c20 616e this License, an\n+00008cd0: 640a 2020 2020 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 d. multiple \n+00008ce0: 6964 656e 7469 6361 6c20 496e 7661 7269 identical Invari\n+00008cf0: 616e 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 206d 6179 ant Sections may\n+00008d00: 2062 6520 7265 706c 6163 6564 2077 6974 be replaced wit\n+00008d10: 6820 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 h a single. \n+00008d20: 636f 7079 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 copy. If there \n+00008d30: 6172 6520 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2049 6e76 are multiple Inv\n+00008d40: 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 ariant Sections \n+00008d50: 7769 7468 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6e61 with the same na\n+00008d60: 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 6275 7420 6469 6666 me. but diff\n+00008d70: 6572 656e 7420 636f 6e74 656e 7473 2c20 erent contents, \n+00008d80: 6d61 6b65 2074 6865 2074 6974 6c65 206f make the title o\n+00008d90: 6620 6561 6368 2073 7563 6820 7365 6374 f each such sect\n+00008da0: 696f 6e20 756e 6971 7565 0a20 2020 2020 ion unique. \n+00008db0: 6279 2061 6464 696e 6720 6174 2074 6865 by adding at the\n+00008dc0: 2065 6e64 206f 6620 6974 2c20 696e 2070 end of it, in p\n+00008dd0: 6172 656e 7468 6573 6573 2c20 7468 6520 arentheses, the \n+00008de0: 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 name of the. \n+00008df0: 206f 7269 6769 6e61 6c20 6175 7468 6f72 original author\n+00008e00: 206f 7220 7075 626c 6973 6865 7220 6f66 or publisher of\n+00008e10: 2074 6861 7420 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6966 that section if\n+00008e20: 206b 6e6f 776e 2c20 6f72 2065 6c73 6520 known, or else \n+00008e30: 610a 2020 2020 2075 6e69 7175 6520 6e75 a. unique nu\n+00008e40: 6d62 6572 2e20 204d 616b 6520 7468 6520 mber. Make the \n+00008e50: 7361 6d65 2061 646a 7573 746d 656e 7420 same adjustment \n+00008e60: 746f 2074 6865 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2074 to the section t\n+00008e70: 6974 6c65 7320 696e 0a20 2020 2020 7468 itles in. th\n+00008e80: 6520 6c69 7374 206f 6620 496e 7661 7269 e list of Invari\n+00008e90: 616e 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 2069 6e20 ant Sections in \n+00008ea0: 7468 6520 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 6e6f 7469 the license noti\n+00008eb0: 6365 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 ce of the. c\n+00008ec0: 6f6d 6269 6e65 6420 776f 726b 2e0a 0a20 ombined work... \n+00008ed0: 2020 2020 496e 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6269 In the combi\n+00008ee0: 6e61 7469 6f6e 2c20 796f 7520 6d75 7374 nation, you must\n+00008ef0: 2063 6f6d 6269 6e65 2061 6e79 2073 6563 combine any sec\n+00008f00: 7469 6f6e 7320 456e 7469 746c 6564 0a20 tions Entitled. \n+00008f10: 2020 2020 2248 6973 746f 7279 2220 696e \"History\" in\n+00008f20: 2074 6865 2076 6172 696f 7573 206f 7269 the various ori\n+00008f30: 6769 6e61 6c20 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 732c ginal documents,\n+00008f40: 2066 6f72 6d69 6e67 206f 6e65 2073 6563 forming one sec\n+00008f50: 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 456e 7469 746c tion. Entitl\n+00008f60: 6564 2022 4869 7374 6f72 7922 3b20 6c69 ed \"History\"; li\n+00008f70: 6b65 7769 7365 2063 6f6d 6269 6e65 2061 kewise combine a\n+00008f80: 6e79 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 456e 7469 ny sections Enti\n+00008f90: 746c 6564 0a20 2020 2020 2241 636b 6e6f tled. \"Ackno\n+00008fa0: 776c 6564 6765 6d65 6e74 7322 2c20 616e wledgements\", an\n+00008fb0: 6420 616e 7920 7365 6374 696f 6e73 2045 d any sections E\n+00008fc0: 6e74 6974 6c65 6420 2244 6564 6963 6174 ntitled \"Dedicat\n+00008fd0: 696f 6e73 222e 2020 596f 750a 2020 2020 ions\". You. \n+00008fe0: 206d 7573 7420 6465 6c65 7465 2061 6c6c must delete all\n+00008ff0: 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 456e 7469 746c sections Entitl\n+00009000: 6564 2022 456e 646f 7273 656d 656e 7473 ed \"Endorsements\n+00009010: 2e22 0a0a 2020 362e 2043 4f4c 4c45 4354 .\".. 6. COLLECT\n+00009020: 494f 4e53 204f 4620 444f 4355 4d45 4e54 IONS OF DOCUMENT\n+00009030: 530a 0a20 2020 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 S.. You may \n+00009040: 6d61 6b65 2061 2063 6f6c 6c65 6374 696f make a collectio\n+00009050: 6e20 636f 6e73 6973 7469 6e67 206f 6620 n consisting of \n+00009060: 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2061 6e64 the Document and\n+00009070: 206f 7468 6572 0a20 2020 2020 646f 6375 other. docu\n+00009080: 6d65 6e74 7320 7265 6c65 6173 6564 2075 ments released u\n+00009090: 6e64 6572 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 nder this Licens\n+000090a0: 652c 2061 6e64 2072 6570 6c61 6365 2074 e, and replace t\n+000090b0: 6865 2069 6e64 6976 6964 7561 6c0a 2020 he individual. \n+000090c0: 2020 2063 6f70 6965 7320 6f66 2074 6869 copies of thi\n+000090d0: 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 696e 2074 6865 s License in the\n+000090e0: 2076 6172 696f 7573 2064 6f63 756d 656e various documen\n+000090f0: 7473 2077 6974 6820 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 ts with a single\n+00009100: 2063 6f70 790a 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 copy. that \n+00009110: 6973 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 2074 is included in t\n+00009120: 6865 2063 6f6c 6c65 6374 696f 6e2c 2070 he collection, p\n+00009130: 726f 7669 6465 6420 7468 6174 2079 6f75 rovided that you\n+00009140: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7720 7468 650a 2020 2020 follow the. \n+00009150: 2072 756c 6573 206f 6620 7468 6973 204c rules of this L\n+00009160: 6963 656e 7365 2066 6f72 2076 6572 6261 icense for verba\n+00009170: 7469 6d20 636f 7079 696e 6720 6f66 2065 tim copying of e\n+00009180: 6163 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6f63 756d ach of the docum\n+00009190: 656e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2061 6c6c ents. in all\n+000091a0: 206f 7468 6572 2072 6573 7065 6374 732e other respects.\n+000091b0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2059 6f75 206d 6179 2065 .. You may e\n+000091c0: 7874 7261 6374 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 xtract a single \n+000091d0: 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2066 726f 6d20 7375 document from su\n+000091e0: 6368 2061 2063 6f6c 6c65 6374 696f 6e2c ch a collection,\n+000091f0: 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7374 7269 and. distri\n+00009200: 6275 7465 2069 7420 696e 6469 7669 6475 bute it individu\n+00009210: 616c 6c79 2075 6e64 6572 2074 6869 7320 ally under this \n+00009220: 4c69 6365 6e73 652c 2070 726f 7669 6465 License, provide\n+00009230: 6420 796f 7520 696e 7365 7274 0a20 2020 d you insert. \n+00009240: 2020 6120 636f 7079 206f 6620 7468 6973 a copy of this\n+00009250: 204c 6963 656e 7365 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 License into th\n+00009260: 6520 6578 7472 6163 7465 6420 646f 6375 e extracted docu\n+00009270: 6d65 6e74 2c20 616e 6420 666f 6c6c 6f77 ment, and follow\n+00009280: 2074 6869 730a 2020 2020 204c 6963 656e this. Licen\n+00009290: 7365 2069 6e20 616c 6c20 6f74 6865 7220 se in all other \n+000092a0: 7265 7370 6563 7473 2072 6567 6172 6469 respects regardi\n+000092b0: 6e67 2076 6572 6261 7469 6d20 636f 7079 ng verbatim copy\n+000092c0: 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 ing of that. \n+000092d0: 2064 6f63 756d 656e 742e 0a0a 2020 372e document... 7.\n+000092e0: 2041 4747 5245 4741 5449 4f4e 2057 4954 AGGREGATION WIT\n+000092f0: 4820 494e 4445 5045 4e44 454e 5420 574f H INDEPENDENT WO\n+00009300: 524b 530a 0a20 2020 2020 4120 636f 6d70 RKS.. A comp\n+00009310: 696c 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2044 ilation of the D\n+00009320: 6f63 756d 656e 7420 6f72 2069 7473 2064 ocument or its d\n+00009330: 6572 6976 6174 6976 6573 2077 6974 6820 erivatives with \n+00009340: 6f74 6865 720a 2020 2020 2073 6570 6172 other. separ\n+00009350: 6174 6520 616e 6420 696e 6465 7065 6e64 ate and independ\n+00009360: 656e 7420 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 7320 6f72 ent documents or\n+00009370: 2077 6f72 6b73 2c20 696e 206f 7220 6f6e works, in or on\n+00009380: 2061 2076 6f6c 756d 6520 6f66 2061 0a20 a volume of a. \n+00009390: 2020 2020 7374 6f72 6167 6520 6f72 2064 storage or d\n+000093a0: 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e20 6d65 6469 istribution medi\n+000093b0: 756d 2c20 6973 2063 616c 6c65 6420 616e um, is called an\n+000093c0: 2022 6167 6772 6567 6174 6522 2069 6620 \"aggregate\" if \n+000093d0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f70 7972 6967 the. copyrig\n+000093e0: 6874 2072 6573 756c 7469 6e67 2066 726f ht resulting fro\n+000093f0: 6d20 7468 6520 636f 6d70 696c 6174 696f m the compilatio\n+00009400: 6e20 6973 206e 6f74 2075 7365 6420 746f n is not used to\n+00009410: 206c 696d 6974 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 limit the. \n+00009420: 6c65 6761 6c20 7269 6768 7473 206f 6620 legal rights of \n+00009430: 7468 6520 636f 6d70 696c 6174 696f 6e27 the compilation'\n+00009440: 7320 7573 6572 7320 6265 796f 6e64 2077 s users beyond w\n+00009450: 6861 7420 7468 6520 696e 6469 7669 6475 hat the individu\n+00009460: 616c 0a20 2020 2020 776f 726b 7320 7065 al. works pe\n+00009470: 726d 6974 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 7468 6520 rmit. When the \n+00009480: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 696e 636c Document is incl\n+00009490: 7564 6564 2069 6e20 616e 2061 6767 7265 uded in an aggre\n+000094a0: 6761 7465 2c20 7468 6973 0a20 2020 2020 gate, this. \n+000094b0: 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 646f 6573 206e 6f74 License does not\n+000094c0: 2061 7070 6c79 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6f74 apply to the ot\n+000094d0: 6865 7220 776f 726b 7320 696e 2074 6865 her works in the\n+000094e0: 2061 6767 7265 6761 7465 2077 6869 6368 aggregate which\n+000094f0: 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 7468 . are not th\n+00009500: 656d 7365 6c76 6573 2064 6572 6976 6174 emselves derivat\n+00009510: 6976 6520 776f 726b 7320 6f66 2074 6865 ive works of the\n+00009520: 2044 6f63 756d 656e 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 Document... \n+00009530: 2049 6620 7468 6520 436f 7665 7220 5465 If the Cover Te\n+00009540: 7874 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 206f xt requirement o\n+00009550: 6620 7365 6374 696f 6e20 3320 6973 2061 f section 3 is a\n+00009560: 7070 6c69 6361 626c 6520 746f 2074 6865 pplicable to the\n+00009570: 7365 0a20 2020 2020 636f 7069 6573 206f se. copies o\n+00009580: 6620 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2c20 f the Document, \n+00009590: 7468 656e 2069 6620 7468 6520 446f 6375 then if the Docu\n+000095a0: 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 6c65 7373 2074 6861 ment is less tha\n+000095b0: 6e20 6f6e 6520 6861 6c66 0a20 2020 2020 n one half. \n+000095c0: 6f66 2074 6865 2065 6e74 6972 6520 6167 of the entire ag\n+000095d0: 6772 6567 6174 652c 2074 6865 2044 6f63 gregate, the Doc\n+000095e0: 756d 656e 7427 7320 436f 7665 7220 5465 ument's Cover Te\n+000095f0: 7874 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2070 6c61 6365 xts may be place\n+00009600: 640a 2020 2020 206f 6e20 636f 7665 7273 d. on covers\n+00009610: 2074 6861 7420 6272 6163 6b65 7420 7468 that bracket th\n+00009620: 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2077 6974 6869 e Document withi\n+00009630: 6e20 7468 6520 6167 6772 6567 6174 652c n the aggregate,\n+00009640: 206f 7220 7468 650a 2020 2020 2065 6c65 or the. ele\n+00009650: 6374 726f 6e69 6320 6571 7569 7661 6c65 ctronic equivale\n+00009660: 6e74 206f 6620 636f 7665 7273 2069 6620 nt of covers if \n+00009670: 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 the Document is \n+00009680: 696e 2065 6c65 6374 726f 6e69 630a 2020 in electronic. \n+00009690: 2020 2066 6f72 6d2e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 form. Otherw\n+000096a0: 6973 6520 7468 6579 206d 7573 7420 6170 ise they must ap\n+000096b0: 7065 6172 206f 6e20 7072 696e 7465 6420 pear on printed \n+000096c0: 636f 7665 7273 2074 6861 7420 6272 6163 covers that brac\n+000096d0: 6b65 740a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2077 686f ket. the who\n+000096e0: 6c65 2061 6767 7265 6761 7465 2e0a 0a20 le aggregate... \n+000096f0: 2038 2e20 5452 414e 534c 4154 494f 4e0a 8. TRANSLATION.\n+00009700: 0a20 2020 2020 5472 616e 736c 6174 696f . Translatio\n+00009710: 6e20 6973 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 n is considered \n+00009720: 6120 6b69 6e64 206f 6620 6d6f 6469 6669 a kind of modifi\n+00009730: 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 736f 2079 6f75 206d cation, so you m\n+00009740: 6179 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7374 7269 6275 ay. distribu\n+00009750: 7465 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 7469 6f6e 7320 te translations \n+00009760: 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 of the Document \n+00009770: 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 under the terms \n+00009780: 6f66 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 of section. \n+00009790: 342e 2020 5265 706c 6163 696e 6720 496e 4. Replacing In\n+000097a0: 7661 7269 616e 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 variant Sections\n+000097b0: 2077 6974 6820 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f with translatio\n+000097c0: 6e73 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 7370 6563 ns requires spec\n+000097d0: 6961 6c0a 2020 2020 2070 6572 6d69 7373 ial. permiss\n+000097e0: 696f 6e20 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 6972 2063 ion from their c\n+000097f0: 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2068 6f6c 6465 7273 opyright holders\n+00009800: 2c20 6275 7420 796f 7520 6d61 7920 696e , but you may in\n+00009810: 636c 7564 650a 2020 2020 2074 7261 6e73 clude. trans\n+00009820: 6c61 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 2073 6f6d 6520 lations of some \n+00009830: 6f72 2061 6c6c 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 or all Invariant\n+00009840: 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 696e 2061 6464 Sections in add\n+00009850: 6974 696f 6e20 746f 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ition to the. \n+00009860: 2020 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2076 6572 7369 original versi\n+00009870: 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2049 6e76 ons of these Inv\n+00009880: 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 732e ariant Sections.\n+00009890: 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 696e 636c 7564 You may includ\n+000098a0: 6520 610a 2020 2020 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 e a. transla\n+000098b0: 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6973 204c 6963 tion of this Lic\n+000098c0: 656e 7365 2c20 616e 6420 616c 6c20 7468 ense, and all th\n+000098d0: 6520 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 6e6f 7469 6365 e license notice\n+000098e0: 7320 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 446f s in the. Do\n+000098f0: 6375 6d65 6e74 2c20 616e 6420 616e 7920 cument, and any \n+00009900: 5761 7272 616e 7479 2044 6973 636c 6169 Warranty Disclai\n+00009910: 6d65 7273 2c20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2074 mers, provided t\n+00009920: 6861 7420 796f 7520 616c 736f 0a20 2020 hat you also. \n+00009930: 2020 696e 636c 7564 6520 7468 6520 6f72 include the or\n+00009940: 6967 696e 616c 2045 6e67 6c69 7368 2076 iginal English v\n+00009950: 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6973 204c ersion of this L\n+00009960: 6963 656e 7365 2061 6e64 2074 6865 0a20 icense and the. \n+00009970: 2020 2020 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2076 6572 original ver\n+00009980: 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 686f 7365 206e sions of those n\n+00009990: 6f74 6963 6573 2061 6e64 2064 6973 636c otices and discl\n+000099a0: 6169 6d65 7273 2e20 2049 6e20 6361 7365 aimers. In case\n+000099b0: 206f 6620 610a 2020 2020 2064 6973 6167 of a. disag\n+000099c0: 7265 656d 656e 7420 6265 7477 6565 6e20 reement between \n+000099d0: 7468 6520 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e20 the translation \n+000099e0: 616e 6420 7468 6520 6f72 6967 696e 616c and the original\n+000099f0: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 660a 2020 2020 version of. \n+00009a00: 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 6f72 this License or\n+00009a10: 2061 206e 6f74 6963 6520 6f72 2064 6973 a notice or dis\n+00009a20: 636c 6169 6d65 722c 2074 6865 206f 7269 claimer, the ori\n+00009a30: 6769 6e61 6c20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 7769 ginal version wi\n+00009a40: 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6576 6169 6c2e ll. prevail.\n+00009a50: 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6120 7365 6374 .. If a sect\n+00009a60: 696f 6e20 696e 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d ion in the Docum\n+00009a70: 656e 7420 6973 2045 6e74 6974 6c65 6420 ent is Entitled \n+00009a80: 2241 636b 6e6f 776c 6564 6765 6d65 6e74 \"Acknowledgement\n+00009a90: 7322 2c0a 2020 2020 2022 4465 6469 6361 s\",. \"Dedica\n+00009aa0: 7469 6f6e 7322 2c20 6f72 2022 4869 7374 tions\", or \"Hist\n+00009ab0: 6f72 7922 2c20 7468 6520 7265 7175 6972 ory\", the requir\n+00009ac0: 656d 656e 7420 2873 6563 7469 6f6e 2034 ement (section 4\n+00009ad0: 2920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6573 6572 ) to. Preser\n+00009ae0: 7665 2069 7473 2054 6974 6c65 2028 7365 ve its Title (se\n+00009af0: 6374 696f 6e20 3129 2077 696c 6c20 7479 ction 1) will ty\n+00009b00: 7069 6361 6c6c 7920 7265 7175 6972 6520 pically require \n+00009b10: 6368 616e 6769 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 changing the. \n+00009b20: 2020 6163 7475 616c 2074 6974 6c65 2e0a actual title..\n+00009b30: 0a20 2039 2e20 5445 524d 494e 4154 494f . 9. TERMINATIO\n+00009b40: 4e0a 0a20 2020 2020 596f 7520 6d61 7920 N.. You may \n+00009b50: 6e6f 7420 636f 7079 2c20 6d6f 6469 6679 not copy, modify\n+00009b60: 2c20 7375 626c 6963 656e 7365 2c20 6f72 , sublicense, or\n+00009b70: 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 6520 7468 6520 distribute the \n+00009b80: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 6578 Document. ex\n+00009b90: 6365 7074 2061 7320 6578 7072 6573 736c cept as expressl\n+00009ba0: 7920 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2066 6f72 2075 y provided for u\n+00009bb0: 6e64 6572 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 nder this Licens\n+00009bc0: 652e 2020 416e 7920 6f74 6865 720a 2020 e. Any other. \n+00009bd0: 2020 2061 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 636f attempt to co\n+00009be0: 7079 2c20 6d6f 6469 6679 2c20 7375 626c py, modify, subl\n+00009bf0: 6963 656e 7365 206f 7220 6469 7374 7269 icense or distri\n+00009c00: 6275 7465 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e bute the Documen\n+00009c10: 7420 6973 0a20 2020 2020 766f 6964 2c20 t is. void, \n+00009c20: 616e 6420 7769 6c6c 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 and will automat\n+00009c30: 6963 616c 6c79 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 7465 ically terminate\n+00009c40: 2079 6f75 7220 7269 6768 7473 2075 6e64 your rights und\n+00009c50: 6572 2074 6869 730a 2020 2020 204c 6963 er this. Lic\n+00009c60: 656e 7365 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 ense. However, \n+00009c70: 7061 7274 6965 7320 7768 6f20 6861 7665 parties who have\n+00009c80: 2072 6563 6569 7665 6420 636f 7069 6573 received copies\n+00009c90: 2c20 6f72 2072 6967 6874 732c 0a20 2020 , or rights,. \n+00009ca0: 2020 6672 6f6d 2079 6f75 2075 6e64 6572 from you under\n+00009cb0: 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 7769 this License wi\n+00009cc0: 6c6c 206e 6f74 2068 6176 6520 7468 6569 ll not have thei\n+00009cd0: 7220 6c69 6365 6e73 6573 2074 6572 6d69 r licenses termi\n+00009ce0: 6e61 7465 640a 2020 2020 2073 6f20 6c6f nated. so lo\n+00009cf0: 6e67 2061 7320 7375 6368 2070 6172 7469 ng as such parti\n+00009d00: 6573 2072 656d 6169 6e20 696e 2066 756c es remain in ful\n+00009d10: 6c20 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 6365 2e0a 0a20 l compliance... \n+00009d20: 2031 302e 2046 5554 5552 4520 5245 5649 10. FUTURE REVI\n+00009d30: 5349 4f4e 5320 4f46 2054 4849 5320 4c49 SIONS OF THIS LI\n+00009d40: 4345 4e53 450a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 CENSE.. The \n+00009d50: 4672 6565 2053 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f Free Software Fo\n+00009d60: 756e 6461 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 2070 7562 undation may pub\n+00009d70: 6c69 7368 206e 6577 2c20 7265 7669 7365 lish new, revise\n+00009d80: 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f 660a 2020 d versions of. \n+00009d90: 2020 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 the GNU Free \n+00009da0: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 Documentation Li\n+00009db0: 6365 6e73 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 696d 6520 cense from time \n+00009dc0: 746f 2074 696d 652e 2020 5375 6368 206e to time. Such n\n+00009dd0: 6577 0a20 2020 2020 7665 7273 696f 6e73 ew. versions\n+00009de0: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 696d 696c 6172 will be similar\n+00009df0: 2069 6e20 7370 6972 6974 2074 6f20 7468 in spirit to th\n+00009e00: 6520 7072 6573 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f e present versio\n+00009e10: 6e2c 2062 7574 206d 6179 0a20 2020 2020 n, but may. \n+00009e20: 6469 6666 6572 2069 6e20 6465 7461 696c differ in detail\n+00009e30: 2074 6f20 6164 6472 6573 7320 6e65 7720 to address new \n+00009e40: 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 206f 7220 636f 6e63 problems or conc\n+00009e50: 6572 6e73 2e20 2053 6565 0a20 2020 2020 erns. See. \n+00009e60: 3c68 7474 703a 2f2f 7777 772e 676e 752e ..\n+00009e80: 0a20 2020 2020 4561 6368 2076 6572 7369 . Each versi\n+00009e90: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 4c69 6365 6e73 on of the Licens\n+00009ea0: 6520 6973 2067 6976 656e 2061 2064 6973 e is given a dis\n+00009eb0: 7469 6e67 7569 7368 696e 6720 7665 7273 tinguishing vers\n+00009ec0: 696f 6e0a 2020 2020 206e 756d 6265 722e ion. number.\n+00009ed0: 2020 4966 2074 6865 2044 6f63 756d 656e If the Documen\n+00009ee0: 7420 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 7468 6174 t specifies that\n+00009ef0: 2061 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 7220 6e75 a particular nu\n+00009f00: 6d62 6572 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7665 7273 mbered. vers\n+00009f10: 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 ion of this Lice\n+00009f20: 6e73 6520 226f 7220 616e 7920 6c61 7465 nse \"or any late\n+00009f30: 7220 7665 7273 696f 6e22 2061 7070 6c69 r version\" appli\n+00009f40: 6573 2074 6f20 6974 2c20 796f 750a 2020 es to it, you. \n+00009f50: 2020 2068 6176 6520 7468 6520 6f70 7469 have the opti\n+00009f60: 6f6e 206f 6620 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 on of following \n+00009f70: 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 616e 6420 636f the terms and co\n+00009f80: 6e64 6974 696f 6e73 2065 6974 6865 7220 nditions either \n+00009f90: 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6174 2073 7065 of. that spe\n+00009fa0: 6369 6669 6564 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f cified version o\n+00009fb0: 7220 6f66 2061 6e79 206c 6174 6572 2076 r of any later v\n+00009fc0: 6572 7369 6f6e 2074 6861 7420 6861 7320 ersion that has \n+00009fd0: 6265 656e 0a20 2020 2020 7075 626c 6973 been. publis\n+00009fe0: 6865 6420 286e 6f74 2061 7320 6120 6472 hed (not as a dr\n+00009ff0: 6166 7429 2062 7920 7468 6520 4672 6565 aft) by the Free\n+0000a000: 2053 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e 6461 Software Founda\n+0000a010: 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 6620 7468 650a 2020 tion. If the. \n+0000a020: 2020 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 646f 6573 Document does\n+0000a030: 206e 6f74 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 2076 not specify a v\n+0000a040: 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 ersion number of\n+0000a050: 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 652c 2079 this License, y\n+0000a060: 6f75 206d 6179 0a20 2020 2020 6368 6f6f ou may. choo\n+0000a070: 7365 2061 6e79 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2065 se any version e\n+0000a080: 7665 7220 7075 626c 6973 6865 6420 286e ver published (n\n+0000a090: 6f74 2061 7320 6120 6472 6166 7429 2062 ot as a draft) b\n+0000a0a0: 7920 7468 6520 4672 6565 0a20 2020 2020 y the Free. \n+0000a0b0: 536f 6674 7761 7265 2046 6f75 6e64 6174 Software Foundat\n+0000a0c0: 696f 6e2e 0a0a 442e 312e 3120 4144 4445 ion...D.1.1 ADDE\n+0000a0d0: 4e44 554d 3a20 486f 7720 746f 2075 7365 NDUM: How to use\n+0000a0e0: 2074 6869 7320 4c69 6365 6e73 6520 666f this License fo\n+0000a0f0: 7220 796f 7572 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7473 r your documents\n+0000a100: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n 0000a110: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n 0000a120: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0000a130: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6f20 7573 ---------..To us\n-0000a140: 6520 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 2069 e this License i\n-0000a150: 6e20 6120 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2079 6f75 n a document you\n-0000a160: 2068 6176 6520 7772 6974 7465 6e2c 2069 have written, i\n-0000a170: 6e63 6c75 6465 2061 2063 6f70 7920 6f66 nclude a copy of\n-0000a180: 0a74 6865 204c 6963 656e 7365 2069 6e20 .the License in \n-0000a190: 7468 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2061 6e64 the document and\n-0000a1a0: 2070 7574 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 put the followi\n-0000a1b0: 6e67 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2061 6e64 ng copyright and\n-0000a1c0: 206c 6963 656e 7365 0a6e 6f74 6963 6573 license.notices\n-0000a1d0: 206a 7573 7420 6166 7465 7220 7468 6520 just after the \n-0000a1e0: 7469 746c 6520 7061 6765 3a0a 0a20 2020 title page:.. \n-0000a1f0: 2020 2020 436f 7079 7269 6768 7420 2843 Copyright (C\n-0000a200: 2920 2059 4541 5220 2059 4f55 5220 4e41 ) YEAR YOUR NA\n-0000a210: 4d45 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2050 6572 6d69 ME.. Permi\n-0000a220: 7373 696f 6e20 6973 2067 7261 6e74 6564 ssion is granted\n-0000a230: 2074 6f20 636f 7079 2c20 6469 7374 7269 to copy, distri\n-0000a240: 6275 7465 2061 6e64 2f6f 7220 6d6f 6469 bute and/or modi\n-0000a250: 6679 2074 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 fy this document\n-0000a260: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 756e 6465 7220 7468 . under th\n-0000a270: 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2047 e terms of the G\n-0000a280: 4e55 2046 7265 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 NU Free Document\n-0000a290: 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 6e73 652c 2056 ation License, V\n-0000a2a0: 6572 7369 6f6e 2031 2e32 0a20 2020 2020 ersion 1.2. \n-0000a2b0: 2020 6f72 2061 6e79 206c 6174 6572 2076 or any later v\n-0000a2c0: 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 7562 6c69 7368 6564 ersion published\n-0000a2d0: 2062 7920 7468 6520 4672 6565 2053 6f66 by the Free Sof\n-0000a2e0: 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e 6461 7469 6f6e tware Foundation\n-0000a2f0: 3b0a 2020 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 6e6f ;. with no\n-0000a300: 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 Invariant Secti\n-0000a310: 6f6e 732c 206e 6f20 4672 6f6e 742d 436f ons, no Front-Co\n-0000a320: 7665 7220 5465 7874 732c 2061 6e64 206e ver Texts, and n\n-0000a330: 6f20 4261 636b 2d43 6f76 6572 0a20 2020 o Back-Cover. \n-0000a340: 2020 2020 5465 7874 732e 2020 4120 636f Texts. A co\n-0000a350: 7079 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6365 6e73 py of the licens\n-0000a360: 6520 6973 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e e is included in\n-0000a370: 2074 6865 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2065 6e74 the section ent\n-0000a380: 6974 6c65 6420 6060 474e 550a 2020 2020 itled ``GNU. \n-0000a390: 2020 2046 7265 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 Free Document\n-0000a3a0: 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 6e73 6527 272e ation License''.\n-0000a3b0: 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 .. If you have\n-0000a3c0: 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 Invariant Secti\n-0000a3d0: 6f6e 732c 2046 726f 6e74 2d43 6f76 6572 ons, Front-Cover\n-0000a3e0: 2054 6578 7473 2061 6e64 2042 6163 6b2d Texts and Back-\n-0000a3f0: 436f 7665 720a 5465 7874 732c 2072 6570 Cover.Texts, rep\n-0000a400: 6c61 6365 2074 6865 2022 7769 7468 2e2e lace the \"with..\n-0000a410: 2e54 6578 7473 2e22 2020 6c69 6e65 2077 .Texts.\" line w\n-0000a420: 6974 6820 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 ith this:.. \n-0000a430: 2020 2020 7769 7468 2074 6865 2049 6e76 with the Inv\n-0000a440: 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 ariant Sections \n-0000a450: 6265 696e 6720 4c49 5354 2054 4845 4952 being LIST THEIR\n-0000a460: 2054 4954 4c45 532c 2077 6974 680a 2020 TITLES, with. \n-0000a470: 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2046 726f 6e74 the Front\n-0000a480: 2d43 6f76 6572 2054 6578 7473 2062 6569 -Cover Texts bei\n-0000a490: 6e67 204c 4953 542c 2061 6e64 2077 6974 ng LIST, and wit\n-0000a4a0: 6820 7468 6520 4261 636b 2d43 6f76 6572 h the Back-Cover\n-0000a4b0: 2054 6578 7473 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 Texts. \n-0000a4c0: 6265 696e 6720 4c49 5354 2e0a 0a20 2020 being LIST... \n-0000a4d0: 4966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 496e 7661 If you have Inva\n-0000a4e0: 7269 616e 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 2077 riant Sections w\n-0000a4f0: 6974 686f 7574 2043 6f76 6572 2054 6578 ithout Cover Tex\n-0000a500: 7473 2c20 6f72 2073 6f6d 6520 6f74 6865 ts, or some othe\n-0000a510: 720a 636f 6d62 696e 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 r.combination of\n-0000a520: 2074 6865 2074 6872 6565 2c20 6d65 7267 the three, merg\n-0000a530: 6520 7468 6f73 6520 7477 6f20 616c 7465 e those two alte\n-0000a540: 726e 6174 6976 6573 2074 6f20 7375 6974 rnatives to suit\n-0000a550: 2074 6865 0a73 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 2e0a the.situation..\n-0000a560: 0a20 2020 4966 2079 6f75 7220 646f 6375 . If your docu\n-0000a570: 6d65 6e74 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 6e6f ment contains no\n-0000a580: 6e74 7269 7669 616c 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 ntrivial example\n-0000a590: 7320 6f66 2070 726f 6772 616d 2063 6f64 s of program cod\n-0000a5a0: 652c 2077 650a 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6420 e, we.recommend \n-0000a5b0: 7265 6c65 6173 696e 6720 7468 6573 6520 releasing these \n-0000a5c0: 6578 616d 706c 6573 2069 6e20 7061 7261 examples in para\n-0000a5d0: 6c6c 656c 2075 6e64 6572 2079 6f75 7220 llel under your \n-0000a5e0: 6368 6f69 6365 206f 6620 6672 6565 0a73 choice of free.s\n-0000a5f0: 6f66 7477 6172 6520 6c69 6365 6e73 652c oftware license,\n-0000a600: 2073 7563 6820 6173 2074 6865 2047 4e55 such as the GNU\n-0000a610: 2047 656e 6572 616c 2050 7562 6c69 6320 General Public \n-0000a620: 4c69 6365 6e73 652c 2074 6f20 7065 726d License, to perm\n-0000a630: 6974 0a74 6865 6972 2075 7365 2069 6e20 it.their use in \n-0000a640: 6672 6565 2073 6f66 7477 6172 652e 0a0a free software...\n-0000a650: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 ..File: grub.inf\n-0000a660: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 6465 782c o, Node: Index,\n-0000a670: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 436f 7079 696e 6720 Prev: Copying \n-0000a680: 5468 6973 204d 616e 7561 6c2c 2020 5570 This Manual, Up\n-0000a690: 3a20 546f 700a 0a49 6e64 6578 0a2a 2a2a : Top..Index.***\n-0000a6a0: 2a2a 0a0a 0008 5b69 6e64 6578 0008 5d0a **....[index..].\n-0000a6b0: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 205b 3a20 2020 * Menu:..* [: \n+0000a130: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6f20 -----------..To \n+0000a140: 7573 6520 7468 6973 204c 6963 656e 7365 use this License\n+0000a150: 2069 6e20 6120 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2079 in a document y\n+0000a160: 6f75 2068 6176 6520 7772 6974 7465 6e2c ou have written,\n+0000a170: 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2061 2063 6f70 7920 include a copy \n+0000a180: 6f66 0a74 6865 204c 6963 656e 7365 2069 of.the License i\n+0000a190: 6e20 7468 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2061 n the document a\n+0000a1a0: 6e64 2070 7574 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f nd put the follo\n+0000a1b0: 7769 6e67 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2061 wing copyright a\n+0000a1c0: 6e64 206c 6963 656e 7365 0a6e 6f74 6963 nd license.notic\n+0000a1d0: 6573 206a 7573 7420 6166 7465 7220 7468 es just after th\n+0000a1e0: 6520 7469 746c 6520 7061 6765 3a0a 0a20 e title page:.. \n+0000a1f0: 2020 2020 2020 436f 7079 7269 6768 7420 Copyright \n+0000a200: 2843 2920 2059 4541 5220 2059 4f55 5220 (C) YEAR YOUR \n+0000a210: 4e41 4d45 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2050 6572 NAME.. Per\n+0000a220: 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 6973 2067 7261 6e74 mission is grant\n+0000a230: 6564 2074 6f20 636f 7079 2c20 6469 7374 ed to copy, dist\n+0000a240: 7269 6275 7465 2061 6e64 2f6f 7220 6d6f ribute and/or mo\n+0000a250: 6469 6679 2074 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 dify this docume\n+0000a260: 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 2020 756e 6465 7220 nt. under \n+0000a270: 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 2074 6865 the terms of the\n+0000a280: 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 446f 6375 6d65 GNU Free Docume\n+0000a290: 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 6e73 652c ntation License,\n+0000a2a0: 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2031 2e32 0a20 2020 Version 1.2. \n+0000a2b0: 2020 2020 6f72 2061 6e79 206c 6174 6572 or any later\n+0000a2c0: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 7562 6c69 7368 version publish\n+0000a2d0: 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4672 6565 2053 ed by the Free S\n+0000a2e0: 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e 6461 7469 oftware Foundati\n+0000a2f0: 6f6e 3b0a 2020 2020 2020 2077 6974 6820 on;. with \n+0000a300: 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 no Invariant Sec\n+0000a310: 7469 6f6e 732c 206e 6f20 4672 6f6e 742d tions, no Front-\n+0000a320: 436f 7665 7220 5465 7874 732c 2061 6e64 Cover Texts, and\n+0000a330: 206e 6f20 4261 636b 2d43 6f76 6572 0a20 no Back-Cover. \n+0000a340: 2020 2020 2020 5465 7874 732e 2020 4120 Texts. A \n+0000a350: 636f 7079 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6365 copy of the lice\n+0000a360: 6e73 6520 6973 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 nse is included \n+0000a370: 696e 2074 6865 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2065 in the section e\n+0000a380: 6e74 6974 6c65 6420 6060 474e 550a 2020 ntitled ``GNU. \n+0000a390: 2020 2020 2046 7265 6520 446f 6375 6d65 Free Docume\n+0000a3a0: 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 6e73 6527 ntation License'\n+0000a3b0: 272e 0a0a 2020 2049 6620 796f 7520 6861 '... If you ha\n+0000a3c0: 7665 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 ve Invariant Sec\n+0000a3d0: 7469 6f6e 732c 2046 726f 6e74 2d43 6f76 tions, Front-Cov\n+0000a3e0: 6572 2054 6578 7473 2061 6e64 2042 6163 er Texts and Bac\n+0000a3f0: 6b2d 436f 7665 720a 5465 7874 732c 2072 k-Cover.Texts, r\n+0000a400: 6570 6c61 6365 2074 6865 2022 7769 7468 eplace the \"with\n+0000a410: 2e2e 2e54 6578 7473 2e22 2020 6c69 6e65 ...Texts.\" line\n+0000a420: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 with this:.. \n+0000a430: 2020 2020 2020 7769 7468 2074 6865 2049 with the I\n+0000a440: 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 7469 6f6e nvariant Section\n+0000a450: 7320 6265 696e 6720 4c49 5354 2054 4845 s being LIST THE\n+0000a460: 4952 2054 4954 4c45 532c 2077 6974 680a IR TITLES, with.\n+0000a470: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6865 2046 726f the Fro\n+0000a480: 6e74 2d43 6f76 6572 2054 6578 7473 2062 nt-Cover Texts b\n+0000a490: 6569 6e67 204c 4953 542c 2061 6e64 2077 eing LIST, and w\n+0000a4a0: 6974 6820 7468 6520 4261 636b 2d43 6f76 ith the Back-Cov\n+0000a4b0: 6572 2054 6578 7473 0a20 2020 2020 2020 er Texts. \n+0000a4c0: 2020 6265 696e 6720 4c49 5354 2e0a 0a20 being LIST... \n+0000a4d0: 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 6520 496e If you have In\n+0000a4e0: 7661 7269 616e 7420 5365 6374 696f 6e73 variant Sections\n+0000a4f0: 2077 6974 686f 7574 2043 6f76 6572 2054 without Cover T\n+0000a500: 6578 7473 2c20 6f72 2073 6f6d 6520 6f74 exts, or some ot\n+0000a510: 6865 720a 636f 6d62 696e 6174 696f 6e20 her.combination \n+0000a520: 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6872 6565 2c20 6d65 of the three, me\n+0000a530: 7267 6520 7468 6f73 6520 7477 6f20 616c rge those two al\n+0000a540: 7465 726e 6174 6976 6573 2074 6f20 7375 ternatives to su\n+0000a550: 6974 2074 6865 0a73 6974 7561 7469 6f6e it the.situation\n+0000a560: 2e0a 0a20 2020 4966 2079 6f75 7220 646f ... If your do\n+0000a570: 6375 6d65 6e74 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 cument contains \n+0000a580: 6e6f 6e74 7269 7669 616c 2065 7861 6d70 nontrivial examp\n+0000a590: 6c65 7320 6f66 2070 726f 6772 616d 2063 les of program c\n+0000a5a0: 6f64 652c 2077 650a 7265 636f 6d6d 656e ode, we.recommen\n+0000a5b0: 6420 7265 6c65 6173 696e 6720 7468 6573 d releasing thes\n+0000a5c0: 6520 6578 616d 706c 6573 2069 6e20 7061 e examples in pa\n+0000a5d0: 7261 6c6c 656c 2075 6e64 6572 2079 6f75 rallel under you\n+0000a5e0: 7220 6368 6f69 6365 206f 6620 6672 6565 r choice of free\n+0000a5f0: 0a73 6f66 7477 6172 6520 6c69 6365 6e73 .software licens\n+0000a600: 652c 2073 7563 6820 6173 2074 6865 2047 e, such as the G\n+0000a610: 4e55 2047 656e 6572 616c 2050 7562 6c69 NU General Publi\n+0000a620: 6320 4c69 6365 6e73 652c 2074 6f20 7065 c License, to pe\n+0000a630: 726d 6974 0a74 6865 6972 2075 7365 2069 rmit.their use i\n+0000a640: 6e20 6672 6565 2073 6f66 7477 6172 652e n free software.\n+0000a650: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6772 7562 2e69 ....File: grub.i\n+0000a660: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 6465 nfo, Node: Inde\n+0000a670: 782c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 436f 7079 696e x, Prev: Copyin\n+0000a680: 6720 5468 6973 204d 616e 7561 6c2c 2020 g This Manual, \n+0000a690: 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a49 6e64 6578 0a2a Up: Top..Index.*\n+0000a6a0: 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 0008 5b69 6e64 6578 0008 ****....[index..\n+0000a6b0: 5d0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 205b 3a20 ].* Menu:..* [: \n 0000a6c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0000a6d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a6e0: 2020 5b2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 [. \n-0000a6f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000a700: 290a 2a20 6163 7069 3a20 2020 2020 2020 ).* acpi: \n+0000a6e0: 2020 2020 5b2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 [. \n+0000a6f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n+0000a700: 2036 290a 2a20 6163 7069 3a20 2020 2020 6).* acpi: \n 0000a710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 6370 692e acpi.\n-0000a730: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a740: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2061 7574 (line 6).* aut\n-0000a750: 6865 6e74 6963 6174 653a 2020 2020 2020 henticate: \n+0000a720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2061 6370 acp\n+0000a730: 692e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 i. \n+0000a740: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2061 (line 6).* a\n+0000a750: 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 653a 2020 2020 uthenticate: \n 0000a760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a770: 2020 2020 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7465 authenticate\n-0000a780: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 . (line\n-0000a790: 2036 290a 2a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 6).* background\n-0000a7a0: 5f63 6f6c 6f72 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 _color: \n-0000a7b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 6163 bac\n-0000a7c0: 6b67 726f 756e 645f 636f 6c6f 722e 2020 kground_color. \n-0000a7d0: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2062 (line 6).* b\n-0000a7e0: 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f 696d 6167 653a ackground_image:\n-0000a7f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a800: 2020 2020 2020 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 background\n-0000a810: 5f69 6d61 6765 2e20 2020 2020 2028 6c69 _image. (li\n-0000a820: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6261 6472 616d 3a20 ne 6).* badram: \n-0000a830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 b\n-0000a850: 6164 7261 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 adram. \n-0000a860: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000a870: 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 3a20 2020 2020 blocklist: \n+0000a770: 2020 2020 2020 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 authentica\n+0000a780: 7465 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 te. (li\n+0000a790: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 ne 6).* backgrou\n+0000a7a0: 6e64 5f63 6f6c 6f72 3a20 2020 2020 2020 nd_color: \n+0000a7b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2062 b\n+0000a7c0: 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f 636f 6c6f 722e ackground_color.\n+0000a7d0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000a7e0: 2062 6163 6b67 726f 756e 645f 696d 6167 background_imag\n+0000a7f0: 653a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e: \n+0000a800: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6261 636b 6772 6f75 backgrou\n+0000a810: 6e64 5f69 6d61 6765 2e20 2020 2020 2028 nd_image. (\n+0000a820: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6261 6472 616d line 6).* badram\n+0000a830: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000a840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000a850: 2062 6164 7261 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 badram. \n+0000a860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000a870: 0a2a 2062 6c6f 636b 6c69 7374 3a20 2020 .* blocklist: \n 0000a880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a890: 2020 2020 2020 2020 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 blocklis\n-0000a8a0: 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 t. (\n-0000a8b0: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 626f 6f74 3a20 line 6).* boot: \n-0000a8c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000a890: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 626c 6f63 6b6c blockl\n+0000a8a0: 6973 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ist. \n+0000a8b0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 626f 6f74 (line 6).* boot\n+0000a8c0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n 0000a8d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a8e0: 2062 6f6f 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 boot. \n-0000a8f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000a900: 0a2a 2063 6174 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 .* cat: \n+0000a8e0: 2020 2062 6f6f 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 boot. \n+0000a8f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000a900: 3629 0a2a 2063 6174 3a20 2020 2020 2020 6).* cat: \n 0000a910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6361 742e 2020 cat. \n+0000a920: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6361 742e cat.\n 0000a930: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a940: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6368 6169 (line 6).* chai\n-0000a950: 6e6c 6f61 6465 723a 2020 2020 2020 2020 nloader: \n+0000a940: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6368 (line 6).* ch\n+0000a950: 6169 6e6c 6f61 6465 723a 2020 2020 2020 ainloader: \n 0000a960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a970: 2020 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 2e20 chainloader. \n-0000a980: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000a990: 3629 0a2a 2063 6c65 6172 3a20 2020 2020 6).* clear: \n+0000a970: 2020 2020 2063 6861 696e 6c6f 6164 6572 chainloader\n+0000a980: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e . (lin\n+0000a990: 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 6c65 6172 3a20 2020 e 6).* clear: \n 0000a9a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000a9b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 636c 6561 clea\n-0000a9c0: 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r. \n-0000a9d0: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 434d (line 6).* CM\n-0000a9e0: 4f53 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 OS: \n+0000a9b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 636c cl\n+0000a9c0: 6561 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ear. \n+0000a9d0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000a9e0: 434d 4f53 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 CMOS: \n 0000a9f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000aa00: 2020 2020 2063 6d6f 7364 756d 702e 2020 cmosdump. \n-0000aa10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n-0000aa20: 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e e 6).* cmosclean\n-0000aa30: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000aa40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 636d cm\n-0000aa50: 6f73 636c 6561 6e2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 osclean. \n-0000aa60: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000aa70: 636d 6f73 7465 7374 3a20 2020 2020 2020 cmostest: \n+0000aa00: 2020 2020 2020 2063 6d6f 7364 756d 702e cmosdump.\n+0000aa10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n+0000aa20: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 ine 6).* cmoscle\n+0000aa30: 616e 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 an: \n+0000aa40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000aa50: 636d 6f73 636c 6561 6e2e 2020 2020 2020 cmosclean. \n+0000aa60: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000aa70: 2a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 3a20 2020 2020 * cmostest: \n 0000aa80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000aa90: 2020 2020 2020 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 742e cmostest.\n-0000aaa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n-0000aab0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 6d70 3a20 2020 ine 6).* cmp: \n+0000aa90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6d6f 7374 6573 cmostes\n+0000aaa0: 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t. \n+0000aab0: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 6d70 3a20 (line 6).* cmp: \n 0000aac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0000aad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000aae0: 636d 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 cmp. \n-0000aaf0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000ab00: 2a20 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 3a20 2020 * configfile: \n+0000aae0: 2020 636d 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 cmp. \n+0000aaf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000ab00: 290a 2a20 636f 6e66 6967 6669 6c65 3a20 ).* configfile: \n 0000ab10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ab20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 configf\n-0000ab30: 696c 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ile. \n-0000ab40: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 7075 6964 (line 6).* cpuid\n-0000ab50: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000ab20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 confi\n+0000ab30: 6766 696c 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 gfile. \n+0000ab40: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 7075 (line 6).* cpu\n+0000ab50: 6964 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 id: \n 0000ab60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ab70: 2020 6370 7569 642e 2020 2020 2020 2020 cpuid. \n-0000ab80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000ab90: 290a 2a20 6372 633a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ).* crc: \n+0000ab70: 2020 2020 6370 7569 642e 2020 2020 2020 cpuid. \n+0000ab80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n+0000ab90: 2036 290a 2a20 6372 633a 2020 2020 2020 6).* crc: \n 0000aba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000abb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7263 2e20 crc. \n-0000abc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000abd0: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 7279 (line 6).* cry\n-0000abe0: 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 3a20 2020 2020 2020 ptomount: \n+0000abb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7263 crc\n+0000abc0: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0000abd0: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2063 (line 6).* c\n+0000abe0: 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 3a20 2020 2020 ryptomount: \n 0000abf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ac00: 2020 2020 6372 7970 746f 6d6f 756e 742e cryptomount.\n-0000ac10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n-0000ac20: 2036 290a 2a20 6375 746d 656d 3a20 2020 6).* cutmem: \n+0000ac00: 2020 2020 2020 6372 7970 746f 6d6f 756e cryptomoun\n+0000ac10: 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 t. (li\n+0000ac20: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6375 746d 656d 3a20 ne 6).* cutmem: \n 0000ac30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ac40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 7574 cut\n-0000ac50: 6d65 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mem. \n-0000ac60: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2064 (line 6).* d\n-0000ac70: 6174 653a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ate: \n+0000ac40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 c\n+0000ac50: 7574 6d65 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 utmem. \n+0000ac60: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000ac70: 2064 6174 653a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 date: \n 0000ac80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ac90: 2020 2020 2020 6461 7465 2e20 2020 2020 date. \n-0000aca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n-0000acb0: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6465 7669 6365 7472 ne 6).* devicetr\n-0000acc0: 6565 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ee: \n-0000acd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 d\n-0000ace0: 6576 6963 6574 7265 652e 2020 2020 2020 evicetree. \n-0000acf0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000ad00: 2064 6973 7472 7573 743a 2020 2020 2020 distrust: \n+0000ac90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6461 7465 2e20 2020 date. \n+0000aca0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n+0000acb0: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6465 7669 6365 line 6).* device\n+0000acc0: 7472 6565 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tree: \n+0000acd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000ace0: 2064 6576 6963 6574 7265 652e 2020 2020 devicetree. \n+0000acf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000ad00: 0a2a 2064 6973 7472 7573 743a 2020 2020 .* distrust: \n 0000ad10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ad20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6469 7374 7275 7374 distrust\n-0000ad30: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 . (\n-0000ad40: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6472 6976 656d line 6).* drivem\n-0000ad50: 6170 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ap: \n+0000ad20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6469 7374 7275 distru\n+0000ad30: 7374 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 st. \n+0000ad40: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6472 6976 (line 6).* driv\n+0000ad50: 656d 6170 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 emap: \n 0000ad60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ad70: 2064 7269 7665 6d61 702e 2020 2020 2020 drivemap. \n-0000ad80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000ad90: 0a2a 2065 6368 6f3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 .* echo: \n+0000ad70: 2020 2064 7269 7665 6d61 702e 2020 2020 drivemap. \n+0000ad80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000ad90: 3629 0a2a 2065 6368 6f3a 2020 2020 2020 6).* echo: \n 0000ada0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000adb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6563 686f 2e20 echo. \n-0000adc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000add0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6566 6974 (line 6).* efit\n-0000ade0: 6578 746d 6f64 653a 2020 2020 2020 2020 extmode: \n+0000adb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6563 686f echo\n+0000adc0: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0000add0: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6566 (line 6).* ef\n+0000ade0: 6974 6578 746d 6f64 653a 2020 2020 2020 itextmode: \n 0000adf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ae00: 2020 2065 6669 7465 7874 6d6f 6465 2e20 efitextmode. \n-0000ae10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000ae20: 3629 0a2a 2065 7661 6c3a 2020 2020 2020 6).* eval: \n+0000ae00: 2020 2020 2065 6669 7465 7874 6d6f 6465 efitextmode\n+0000ae10: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e . (lin\n+0000ae20: 6520 3629 0a2a 2065 7661 6c3a 2020 2020 e 6).* eval: \n 0000ae30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ae40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6576 616c eval\n-0000ae50: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0000ae60: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6578 (line 6).* ex\n-0000ae70: 706f 7274 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 port: \n+0000ae40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6576 ev\n+0000ae50: 616c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 al. \n+0000ae60: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000ae70: 6578 706f 7274 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 export: \n 0000ae80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ae90: 2020 2020 2065 7870 6f72 742e 2020 2020 export. \n-0000aea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n-0000aeb0: 6520 3629 0a2a 2066 616c 7365 3a20 2020 e 6).* false: \n+0000ae90: 2020 2020 2020 2065 7870 6f72 742e 2020 export. \n+0000aea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n+0000aeb0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2066 616c 7365 3a20 ine 6).* false: \n 0000aec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000aed0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6661 fa\n-0000aee0: 6c73 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 lse. \n-0000aef0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000af00: 4644 4c2c 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 446f FDL, GNU Free Do\n-0000af10: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 cumentation Lice\n-0000af20: 6e73 653a 2020 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 nse: GNU Free \n-0000af30: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 Documentation Li\n-0000af40: 6365 6e73 652e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 cense.. \n+0000aed0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000aee0: 6661 6c73 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 false. \n+0000aef0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000af00: 2a20 4644 4c2c 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 * FDL, GNU Free \n+0000af10: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 Documentation Li\n+0000af20: 6365 6e73 653a 2020 2047 4e55 2046 7265 cense: GNU Fre\n+0000af30: 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 e Documentation \n+0000af40: 4c69 6365 6e73 652e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 License.. \n 0000af50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0000af60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n 0000af70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000af80: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000af90: 2a20 6677 7365 7475 703a 2020 2020 2020 * fwsetup: \n+0000af80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000af90: 290a 2a20 6677 7365 7475 703a 2020 2020 ).* fwsetup: \n 0000afa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000afb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 7773 6574 7570 fwsetup\n-0000afc0: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0000afd0: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2067 6462 696e (line 6).* gdbin\n-0000afe0: 666f 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 fo: \n+0000afb0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 7773 6574 fwset\n+0000afc0: 7570 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 up. \n+0000afd0: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2067 6462 (line 6).* gdb\n+0000afe0: 696e 666f 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 info: \n 0000aff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b000: 2020 6764 6269 6e66 6f2e 2020 2020 2020 gdbinfo. \n-0000b010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000b020: 290a 2a20 6765 7474 6578 743a 2020 2020 ).* gettext: \n+0000b000: 2020 2020 6764 6269 6e66 6f2e 2020 2020 gdbinfo. \n+0000b010: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n+0000b020: 2036 290a 2a20 6765 7474 6578 743a 2020 6).* gettext: \n 0000b030: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b040: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 6574 7465 gette\n-0000b050: 7874 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 xt. \n-0000b060: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2067 7074 (line 6).* gpt\n-0000b070: 7379 6e63 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 sync: \n+0000b040: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2067 6574 get\n+0000b050: 7465 7874 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 text. \n+0000b060: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2067 (line 6).* g\n+0000b070: 7074 7379 6e63 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ptsync: \n 0000b080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b090: 2020 2020 6770 7473 796e 632e 2020 2020 gptsync. \n-0000b0a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n-0000b0b0: 2036 290a 2a20 6861 6c74 3a20 2020 2020 6).* halt: \n+0000b090: 2020 2020 2020 6770 7473 796e 632e 2020 gptsync. \n+0000b0a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n+0000b0b0: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6861 6c74 3a20 2020 ne 6).* halt: \n 0000b0c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b0d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 616c hal\n-0000b0e0: 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t. \n-0000b0f0: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2068 (line 6).* h\n-0000b100: 6173 6873 756d 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ashsum: \n+0000b0d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 h\n+0000b0e0: 616c 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 alt. \n+0000b0f0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000b100: 2068 6173 6873 756d 3a20 2020 2020 2020 hashsum: \n 0000b110: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b120: 2020 2020 2020 6861 7368 7375 6d2e 2020 hashsum. \n-0000b130: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n-0000b140: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6865 6c70 3a20 2020 ne 6).* help: \n+0000b120: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6861 7368 7375 6d2e hashsum.\n+0000b130: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n+0000b140: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6865 6c70 3a20 line 6).* help: \n 0000b150: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b160: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2068 h\n-0000b170: 656c 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 elp. \n-0000b180: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000b190: 2068 6578 6475 6d70 3a20 2020 2020 2020 hexdump: \n+0000b160: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b170: 2068 656c 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 help. \n+0000b180: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000b190: 0a2a 2068 6578 6475 6d70 3a20 2020 2020 .* hexdump: \n 0000b1a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b1b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6865 7864 756d 702e hexdump.\n-0000b1c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n-0000b1d0: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 696e 6974 7264 line 6).* initrd\n-0000b1e0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000b1b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6865 7864 756d hexdum\n+0000b1c0: 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 p. \n+0000b1d0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 696e 6974 (line 6).* init\n+0000b1e0: 7264 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rd: \n 0000b1f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b200: 2069 6e69 7472 642e 2020 2020 2020 2020 initrd. \n-0000b210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000b220: 0a2a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 363a 2020 2020 .* initrd16: \n+0000b200: 2020 2069 6e69 7472 642e 2020 2020 2020 initrd. \n+0000b210: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000b220: 3629 0a2a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 363a 2020 6).* initrd16: \n 0000b230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 6974 7264 initrd\n-0000b250: 3136 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 16. \n-0000b260: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 696e 736d (line 6).* insm\n-0000b270: 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 od: \n+0000b240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 6974 init\n+0000b250: 7264 3136 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rd16. \n+0000b260: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 696e (line 6).* in\n+0000b270: 736d 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 smod: \n 0000b280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b290: 2020 2069 6e73 6d6f 642e 2020 2020 2020 insmod. \n-0000b2a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000b2b0: 3629 0a2a 206b 6579 7374 6174 7573 3a20 6).* keystatus: \n-0000b2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b2d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6b65 7973 keys\n-0000b2e0: 7461 7475 732e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tatus. \n-0000b2f0: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6c69 (line 6).* li\n-0000b300: 6e75 783a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nux: \n+0000b290: 2020 2020 2069 6e73 6d6f 642e 2020 2020 insmod. \n+0000b2a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n+0000b2b0: 6520 3629 0a2a 206b 6579 7374 6174 7573 e 6).* keystatus\n+0000b2c0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000b2d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6b65 ke\n+0000b2e0: 7973 7461 7475 732e 2020 2020 2020 2020 ystatus. \n+0000b2f0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000b300: 6c69 6e75 783a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 linux: \n 0000b310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b320: 2020 2020 206c 696e 7578 2e20 2020 2020 linux. \n-0000b330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n-0000b340: 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 696e 7578 3136 3a20 e 6).* linux16: \n-0000b350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c69 li\n-0000b370: 6e75 7831 362e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nux16. \n-0000b380: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000b390: 6c69 7374 5f65 6e76 3a20 2020 2020 2020 list_env: \n+0000b320: 2020 2020 2020 206c 696e 7578 2e20 2020 linux. \n+0000b330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n+0000b340: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 696e 7578 3136 ine 6).* linux16\n+0000b350: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000b360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b370: 6c69 6e75 7831 362e 2020 2020 2020 2020 linux16. \n+0000b380: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000b390: 2a20 6c69 7374 5f65 6e76 3a20 2020 2020 * list_env: \n 0000b3a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b3b0: 2020 2020 2020 206c 6973 745f 656e 762e list_env.\n-0000b3c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n-0000b3d0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 6973 745f 7472 ine 6).* list_tr\n-0000b3e0: 7573 7465 643a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 usted: \n+0000b3b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6973 745f 656e list_en\n+0000b3c0: 762e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 v. \n+0000b3d0: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 6973 745f (line 6).* list_\n+0000b3e0: 7472 7573 7465 643a 2020 2020 2020 2020 trusted: \n 0000b3f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b400: 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 2e20 2020 list_trusted. \n-0000b410: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000b420: 2a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 3a20 2020 2020 * load_env: \n+0000b400: 2020 6c69 7374 5f74 7275 7374 6564 2e20 list_trusted. \n+0000b410: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000b420: 290a 2a20 6c6f 6164 5f65 6e76 3a20 2020 ).* load_env: \n 0000b430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f61 645f 656e load_en\n-0000b450: 762e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 v. \n-0000b460: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 6f61 6466 (line 6).* loadf\n-0000b470: 6f6e 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ont: \n+0000b440: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f61 645f load_\n+0000b450: 656e 762e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 env. \n+0000b460: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 6f61 (line 6).* loa\n+0000b470: 6466 6f6e 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dfont: \n 0000b480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b490: 2020 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 loadfont. \n-0000b4a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000b4b0: 290a 2a20 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 3a20 2020 ).* loopback: \n+0000b490: 2020 2020 6c6f 6164 666f 6e74 2e20 2020 loadfont. \n+0000b4a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n+0000b4b0: 2036 290a 2a20 6c6f 6f70 6261 636b 3a20 6).* loopback: \n 0000b4c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b4d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f6f 7062 loopb\n-0000b4e0: 6163 6b2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ack. \n-0000b4f0: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c 733a (line 6).* ls:\n-0000b500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b4d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f6f loo\n+0000b4e0: 7062 6163 6b2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 pback. \n+0000b4f0: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c (line 6).* l\n+0000b500: 733a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s: \n 0000b510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b520: 2020 2020 6c73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ls. \n-0000b530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n-0000b540: 2036 290a 2a20 6c73 666f 6e74 733a 2020 6).* lsfonts: \n+0000b520: 2020 2020 2020 6c73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 ls. \n+0000b530: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n+0000b540: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6c73 666f 6e74 733a ne 6).* lsfonts:\n 0000b550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 7366 lsf\n-0000b570: 6f6e 7473 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 onts. \n-0000b580: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206c (line 6).* l\n-0000b590: 736d 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 smod: \n+0000b560: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c l\n+0000b570: 7366 6f6e 7473 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 sfonts. \n+0000b580: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000b590: 206c 736d 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 lsmod: \n 0000b5a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b5b0: 2020 2020 2020 6c73 6d6f 642e 2020 2020 lsmod. \n-0000b5c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n-0000b5d0: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6d64 3573 756d 3a20 ne 6).* md5sum: \n-0000b5e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b5f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206d m\n-0000b600: 6435 7375 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d5sum. \n-0000b610: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000b620: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 3a20 2020 2020 menuentry: \n+0000b5b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c73 6d6f 642e 2020 lsmod. \n+0000b5c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n+0000b5d0: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6d64 3573 756d line 6).* md5sum\n+0000b5e0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000b5f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b600: 206d 6435 7375 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 md5sum. \n+0000b610: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000b620: 0a2a 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 3a20 2020 .* menuentry: \n 0000b630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b640: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 656e 7472 menuentr\n-0000b650: 792e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 y. (\n-0000b660: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6d6f 6475 6c65 line 6).* module\n-0000b670: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000b640: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d65 6e75 656e menuen\n+0000b650: 7472 792e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 try. \n+0000b660: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6d6f 6475 (line 6).* modu\n+0000b670: 6c65 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 le: \n 0000b680: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b690: 206d 6f64 756c 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 module. \n-0000b6a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000b6b0: 0a2a 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 3a20 2020 .* multiboot: \n+0000b690: 2020 206d 6f64 756c 652e 2020 2020 2020 module. \n+0000b6a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000b6b0: 3629 0a2a 206d 756c 7469 626f 6f74 3a20 6).* multiboot: \n 0000b6c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b6d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d75 6c74 6962 multib\n-0000b6e0: 6f6f 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 oot. \n-0000b6f0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e61 7469 (line 6).* nati\n-0000b700: 7665 6469 736b 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 vedisk: \n+0000b6d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d75 6c74 mult\n+0000b6e0: 6962 6f6f 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 iboot. \n+0000b6f0: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e61 (line 6).* na\n+0000b700: 7469 7665 6469 736b 3a20 2020 2020 2020 tivedisk: \n 0000b710: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b720: 2020 206e 6174 6976 6564 6973 6b2e 2020 nativedisk. \n-0000b730: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000b740: 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f61 6464 6).* net_add_add\n-0000b750: 723a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 r: \n-0000b760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f net_\n-0000b770: 6164 645f 6164 6472 2e20 2020 2020 2020 add_addr. \n-0000b780: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 (line 6).* ne\n-0000b790: 745f 6164 645f 646e 733a 2020 2020 2020 t_add_dns: \n+0000b720: 2020 2020 206e 6174 6976 6564 6973 6b2e nativedisk.\n+0000b730: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n+0000b740: 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f61 e 6).* net_add_a\n+0000b750: 6464 723a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ddr: \n+0000b760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 ne\n+0000b770: 745f 6164 645f 6164 6472 2e20 2020 2020 t_add_addr. \n+0000b780: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000b790: 6e65 745f 6164 645f 646e 733a 2020 2020 net_add_dns: \n 0000b7a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b7b0: 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 net_add_dns\n-0000b7c0: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e . (lin\n-0000b7d0: 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f72 e 6).* net_add_r\n-0000b7e0: 6f75 7465 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 oute: \n-0000b7f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 ne\n-0000b800: 745f 6164 645f 726f 7574 652e 2020 2020 t_add_route. \n-0000b810: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000b820: 6e65 745f 626f 6f74 703a 2020 2020 2020 net_bootp: \n+0000b7b0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f64 net_add_d\n+0000b7c0: 6e73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c ns. (l\n+0000b7d0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 ine 6).* net_add\n+0000b7e0: 5f72 6f75 7465 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 _route: \n+0000b7f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000b800: 6e65 745f 6164 645f 726f 7574 652e 2020 net_add_route. \n+0000b810: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000b820: 2a20 6e65 745f 626f 6f74 703a 2020 2020 * net_bootp: \n 0000b830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b840: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 net_bootp\n-0000b850: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c . (l\n-0000b860: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 656c ine 6).* net_del\n-0000b870: 5f61 6464 723a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _addr: \n+0000b840: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f net_boo\n+0000b850: 7470 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 tp. \n+0000b860: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 (line 6).* net_d\n+0000b870: 656c 5f61 6464 723a 2020 2020 2020 2020 el_addr: \n 0000b880: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b890: 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 6472 2e20 2020 net_del_addr. \n-0000b8a0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000b8b0: 2a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 733a 2020 * net_del_dns: \n+0000b890: 2020 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 6472 2e20 net_del_addr. \n+0000b8a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000b8b0: 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 733a ).* net_del_dns:\n 0000b8c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b8d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f64 656c net_del\n-0000b8e0: 5f64 6e73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _dns. \n-0000b8f0: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f64 (line 6).* net_d\n-0000b900: 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 3a20 2020 2020 2020 el_route: \n+0000b8d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f64 net_d\n+0000b8e0: 656c 5f64 6e73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 el_dns. \n+0000b8f0: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 (line 6).* net\n+0000b900: 5f64 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 3a20 2020 2020 _del_route: \n 0000b910: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b920: 2020 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 652e net_del_route.\n-0000b930: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000b940: 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6468 6370 3a20 2020 ).* net_dhcp: \n+0000b920: 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 726f 7574 net_del_rout\n+0000b930: 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 e. (line\n+0000b940: 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6468 6370 3a20 6).* net_dhcp: \n 0000b950: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000b960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f64 net_d\n-0000b970: 6863 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 hcp. \n-0000b980: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 (line 6).* net\n-0000b990: 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 705f 6f70 7469 6f6e _get_dhcp_option\n-0000b9a0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000b9b0: 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6765 745f 6468 6370 net_get_dhcp\n-0000b9c0: 5f6f 7074 696f 6e2e 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 _option. (line\n-0000b9d0: 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6970 7636 5f61 6).* net_ipv6_a\n-0000b9e0: 7574 6f63 6f6e 663a 2020 2020 2020 2020 utoconf: \n-0000b9f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 net\n-0000ba00: 5f69 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 2e20 _ipv6_autoconf. \n-0000ba10: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e (line 6).* n\n-0000ba20: 6574 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 3a20 2020 2020 et_ls_addr: \n+0000b960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6574 net\n+0000b970: 5f64 6863 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _dhcp. \n+0000b980: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 206e (line 6).* n\n+0000b990: 6574 5f67 6574 5f64 6863 705f 6f70 7469 et_get_dhcp_opti\n+0000b9a0: 6f6e 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 on: \n+0000b9b0: 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6765 745f 6468 net_get_dh\n+0000b9c0: 6370 5f6f 7074 696f 6e2e 2020 2028 6c69 cp_option. (li\n+0000b9d0: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6970 7636 ne 6).* net_ipv6\n+0000b9e0: 5f61 7574 6f63 6f6e 663a 2020 2020 2020 _autoconf: \n+0000b9f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e n\n+0000ba00: 6574 5f69 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 et_ipv6_autoconf\n+0000ba10: 2e20 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a . (line 6).*\n+0000ba20: 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6164 6472 3a20 2020 net_ls_addr: \n 0000ba30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000ba40: 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6c73 5f61 6464 net_ls_add\n-0000ba50: 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 r. (li\n-0000ba60: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6c73 5f63 ne 6).* net_ls_c\n-0000ba70: 6172 6473 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ards: \n-0000ba80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e n\n-0000ba90: 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 732e 2020 2020 et_ls_cards. \n-0000baa0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000bab0: 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 646e 733a 2020 2020 net_ls_dns: \n+0000ba40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6c73 5f61 net_ls_a\n+0000ba50: 6464 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 ddr. (\n+0000ba60: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6c73 line 6).* net_ls\n+0000ba70: 5f63 6172 6473 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 _cards: \n+0000ba80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000ba90: 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 732e 2020 net_ls_cards. \n+0000baa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000bab0: 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 646e 733a 2020 .* net_ls_dns: \n 0000bac0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6c73 5f64 net_ls_d\n-0000bae0: 6e73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 ns. (\n-0000baf0: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f 6c73 line 6).* net_ls\n-0000bb00: 5f72 6f75 7465 733a 2020 2020 2020 2020 _routes: \n+0000bad0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6c73 net_ls\n+0000bae0: 5f64 6e73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _dns. \n+0000baf0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f (line 6).* net_\n+0000bb00: 6c73 5f72 6f75 7465 733a 2020 2020 2020 ls_routes: \n 0000bb10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bb20: 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 6573 2e20 net_ls_routes. \n-0000bb30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000bb40: 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 703a .* net_nslookup:\n-0000bb50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bb60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f 6e73 net_ns\n-0000bb70: 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 lookup. \n-0000bb80: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 745f (line 6).* net_\n-0000bb90: 7365 745f 766c 616e 3a20 2020 2020 2020 set_vlan: \n+0000bb20: 2020 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 6573 net_ls_routes\n+0000bb30: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 . (line \n+0000bb40: 3629 0a2a 206e 6574 5f6e 736c 6f6f 6b75 6).* net_nslooku\n+0000bb50: 703a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 p: \n+0000bb60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e65 745f net_\n+0000bb70: 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 2e20 2020 2020 2020 nslookup. \n+0000bb80: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e65 (line 6).* ne\n+0000bb90: 745f 7365 745f 766c 616e 3a20 2020 2020 t_set_vlan: \n 0000bba0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bbb0: 2020 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 6e2e net_set_vlan.\n-0000bbc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000bbd0: 3629 0a2a 206e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 2020 2020 6).* normal: \n+0000bbb0: 2020 2020 206e 6574 5f73 6574 5f76 6c61 net_set_vla\n+0000bbc0: 6e2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e n. (lin\n+0000bbd0: 6520 3629 0a2a 206e 6f72 6d61 6c3a 2020 e 6).* normal: \n 0000bbe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bbf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f 726d norm\n-0000bc00: 616c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 al. \n-0000bc10: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 6e6f (line 6).* no\n-0000bc20: 726d 616c 5f65 7869 743a 2020 2020 2020 rmal_exit: \n+0000bbf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6e6f no\n+0000bc00: 726d 616c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rmal. \n+0000bc10: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000bc20: 6e6f 726d 616c 5f65 7869 743a 2020 2020 normal_exit: \n 0000bc30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bc40: 2020 2020 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f 6578 6974 normal_exit\n-0000bc50: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e . (lin\n-0000bc60: 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 6c3a e 6).* parttool:\n-0000bc70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bc80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 pa\n-0000bc90: 7274 746f 6f6c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 rttool. \n-0000bca0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000bcb0: 7061 7373 776f 7264 3a20 2020 2020 2020 password: \n+0000bc40: 2020 2020 2020 206e 6f72 6d61 6c5f 6578 normal_ex\n+0000bc50: 6974 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c it. (l\n+0000bc60: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 6172 7474 6f6f ine 6).* parttoo\n+0000bc70: 6c3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 l: \n+0000bc80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000bc90: 7061 7274 746f 6f6c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 parttool. \n+0000bca0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000bcb0: 2a20 7061 7373 776f 7264 3a20 2020 2020 * password: \n 0000bcc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bcd0: 2020 2020 2020 2070 6173 7377 6f72 642e password.\n-0000bce0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n-0000bcf0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 ine 6).* passwor\n-0000bd00: 645f 7062 6b64 6632 3a20 2020 2020 2020 d_pbkdf2: \n+0000bcd0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6173 7377 6f72 passwor\n+0000bce0: 642e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d. \n+0000bcf0: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 6173 7377 (line 6).* passw\n+0000bd00: 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 6632 3a20 2020 2020 ord_pbkdf2: \n 0000bd10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bd20: 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 322e password_pbkdf2.\n-0000bd30: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000bd40: 2a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 3a20 2020 * plainmount: \n+0000bd20: 2020 7061 7373 776f 7264 5f70 626b 6466 password_pbkdf\n+0000bd30: 322e 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 2. (line 6\n+0000bd40: 290a 2a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 3a20 ).* plainmount: \n 0000bd50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bd60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f plainmo\n-0000bd70: 756e 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 unt. \n-0000bd80: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 6c61 793a (line 6).* play:\n-0000bd90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000bd60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6c61 696e plain\n+0000bd70: 6d6f 756e 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 mount. \n+0000bd80: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2070 6c61 (line 6).* pla\n+0000bd90: 793a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 y: \n 0000bda0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bdb0: 2020 706c 6179 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 play. \n-0000bdc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000bdd0: 290a 2a20 7072 6f62 653a 2020 2020 2020 ).* probe: \n+0000bdb0: 2020 2020 706c 6179 2e20 2020 2020 2020 play. \n+0000bdc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n+0000bdd0: 2036 290a 2a20 7072 6f62 653a 2020 2020 6).* probe: \n 0000bde0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bdf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 726f 6265 probe\n-0000be00: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0000be10: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2072 646d (line 6).* rdm\n-0000be20: 7372 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 sr: \n+0000bdf0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 726f pro\n+0000be00: 6265 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 be. \n+0000be10: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2072 (line 6).* r\n+0000be20: 646d 7372 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 dmsr: \n 0000be30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000be40: 2020 2020 7264 6d73 722e 2020 2020 2020 rdmsr. \n-0000be50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n-0000be60: 2036 290a 2a20 7265 6164 3a20 2020 2020 6).* read: \n+0000be40: 2020 2020 2020 7264 6d73 722e 2020 2020 rdmsr. \n+0000be50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n+0000be60: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7265 6164 3a20 2020 ne 6).* read: \n 0000be70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000be80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 6561 rea\n-0000be90: 642e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d. \n-0000bea0: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2072 (line 6).* r\n-0000beb0: 6562 6f6f 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 eboot: \n+0000be80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 r\n+0000be90: 6561 642e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ead. \n+0000bea0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000beb0: 2072 6562 6f6f 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 reboot: \n 0000bec0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bed0: 2020 2020 2020 7265 626f 6f74 2e20 2020 reboot. \n-0000bee0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n-0000bef0: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7265 6765 7870 3a20 ne 6).* regexp: \n-0000bf00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bf10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 r\n-0000bf20: 6567 6578 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 egexp. \n-0000bf30: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000bf40: 2072 6d6d 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 rmmod: \n+0000bed0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7265 626f 6f74 2e20 reboot. \n+0000bee0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n+0000bef0: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7265 6765 7870 line 6).* regexp\n+0000bf00: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000bf10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000bf20: 2072 6567 6578 702e 2020 2020 2020 2020 regexp. \n+0000bf30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000bf40: 0a2a 2072 6d6d 6f64 3a20 2020 2020 2020 .* rmmod: \n 0000bf50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bf60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 726d 6d6f 642e 2020 rmmod. \n-0000bf70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n-0000bf80: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7361 7665 5f65 line 6).* save_e\n-0000bf90: 6e76 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nv: \n+0000bf60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 726d 6d6f 642e rmmod.\n+0000bf70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000bf80: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7361 7665 (line 6).* save\n+0000bf90: 5f65 6e76 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 _env: \n 0000bfa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bfb0: 2073 6176 655f 656e 762e 2020 2020 2020 save_env. \n-0000bfc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000bfd0: 0a2a 2073 6561 7263 683a 2020 2020 2020 .* search: \n+0000bfb0: 2020 2073 6176 655f 656e 762e 2020 2020 save_env. \n+0000bfc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000bfd0: 3629 0a2a 2073 6561 7263 683a 2020 2020 6).* search: \n 0000bfe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000bff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 6368 search\n-0000c000: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0000c010: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7365 6e64 (line 6).* send\n-0000c020: 6b65 793a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 key: \n+0000bff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 6172 sear\n+0000c000: 6368 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ch. \n+0000c010: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7365 (line 6).* se\n+0000c020: 6e64 6b65 793a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ndkey: \n 0000c030: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c040: 2020 2073 656e 646b 6579 2e20 2020 2020 sendkey. \n-0000c050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000c060: 3629 0a2a 2073 6572 6961 6c3a 2020 2020 6).* serial: \n+0000c040: 2020 2020 2073 656e 646b 6579 2e20 2020 sendkey. \n+0000c050: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n+0000c060: 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6572 6961 6c3a 2020 e 6).* serial: \n 0000c070: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 7269 seri\n-0000c090: 616c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 al. \n-0000c0a0: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7365 (line 6).* se\n-0000c0b0: 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t: \n+0000c080: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7365 se\n+0000c090: 7269 616c 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rial. \n+0000c0a0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000c0b0: 7365 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 set: \n 0000c0c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c0d0: 2020 2020 2073 6574 2e20 2020 2020 2020 set. \n-0000c0e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n-0000c0f0: 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6861 3173 756d 3a20 e 6).* sha1sum: \n-0000c100: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c110: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7368 sh\n-0000c120: 6131 7375 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 a1sum. \n-0000c130: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000c140: 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d3a 2020 2020 2020 sha256sum: \n+0000c0d0: 2020 2020 2020 2073 6574 2e20 2020 2020 set. \n+0000c0e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c (l\n+0000c0f0: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6861 3173 756d ine 6).* sha1sum\n+0000c100: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000c110: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000c120: 7368 6131 7375 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 sha1sum. \n+0000c130: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000c140: 2a20 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d3a 2020 2020 * sha256sum: \n 0000c150: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c160: 2020 2020 2020 2073 6861 3235 3673 756d sha256sum\n-0000c170: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c . (l\n-0000c180: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6861 3531 3273 ine 6).* sha512s\n-0000c190: 756d 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 um: \n+0000c160: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6861 3235 3673 sha256s\n+0000c170: 756d 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 um. \n+0000c180: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6861 3531 (line 6).* sha51\n+0000c190: 3273 756d 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2sum: \n 0000c1a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c1b0: 7368 6135 3132 7375 6d2e 2020 2020 2020 sha512sum. \n-0000c1c0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000c1d0: 2a20 736c 6565 703a 2020 2020 2020 2020 * sleep: \n+0000c1b0: 2020 7368 6135 3132 7375 6d2e 2020 2020 sha512sum. \n+0000c1c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000c1d0: 290a 2a20 736c 6565 703a 2020 2020 2020 ).* sleep: \n 0000c1e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c1f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6c65 6570 2e20 sleep. \n-0000c200: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c210: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6d62 696f (line 6).* smbio\n-0000c220: 733a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s: \n+0000c1f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6c65 6570 sleep\n+0000c200: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+0000c210: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 6d62 (line 6).* smb\n+0000c220: 696f 733a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ios: \n 0000c230: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c240: 2020 736d 6269 6f73 2e20 2020 2020 2020 smbios. \n-0000c250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n-0000c260: 290a 2a20 736f 7572 6365 3a20 2020 2020 ).* source: \n+0000c240: 2020 2020 736d 6269 6f73 2e20 2020 2020 smbios. \n+0000c250: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n+0000c260: 2036 290a 2a20 736f 7572 6365 3a20 2020 6).* source: \n 0000c270: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6f75 7263 sourc\n-0000c290: 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e. \n-0000c2a0: 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 7562 (line 6).* sub\n-0000c2b0: 6d65 6e75 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 menu: \n+0000c280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 6f75 sou\n+0000c290: 7263 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rce. \n+0000c2a0: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2073 (line 6).* s\n+0000c2b0: 7562 6d65 6e75 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ubmenu: \n 0000c2c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c2d0: 2020 2020 7375 626d 656e 752e 2020 2020 submenu. \n-0000c2e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 (line\n-0000c2f0: 2036 290a 2a20 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f69 6).* terminal_i\n-0000c300: 6e70 7574 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 nput: \n-0000c310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 6572 ter\n-0000c320: 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 742e 2020 2020 minal_input. \n-0000c330: 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2074 (line 6).* t\n-0000c340: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 3a20 erminal_output: \n-0000c350: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c360: 2020 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e 616c 5f6f terminal_o\n-0000c370: 7574 7075 742e 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 utput. (li\n-0000c380: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7465 726d 696e 666f ne 6).* terminfo\n-0000c390: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n-0000c3a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n-0000c3b0: 6572 6d69 6e66 6f2e 2020 2020 2020 2020 erminfo. \n-0000c3c0: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n-0000c3d0: 2074 6573 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 test: \n+0000c2d0: 2020 2020 2020 7375 626d 656e 752e 2020 submenu. \n+0000c2e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 (li\n+0000c2f0: 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7465 726d 696e 616c ne 6).* terminal\n+0000c300: 5f69 6e70 7574 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 _input: \n+0000c310: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2074 t\n+0000c320: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 742e 2020 erminal_input. \n+0000c330: 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a (line 6).*\n+0000c340: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 terminal_output\n+0000c350: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000c360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7465 726d 696e 616c terminal\n+0000c370: 5f6f 7574 7075 742e 2020 2020 2020 2028 _output. (\n+0000c380: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7465 726d 696e line 6).* termin\n+0000c390: 666f 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 fo: \n+0000c3a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000c3b0: 2074 6572 6d69 6e66 6f2e 2020 2020 2020 terminfo. \n+0000c3c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n+0000c3d0: 0a2a 2074 6573 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 .* test: \n 0000c3e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c3f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7465 7374 2e20 2020 test. \n-0000c400: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 (\n-0000c410: 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7472 7565 3a20 line 6).* true: \n-0000c420: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000c3f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7465 7374 2e20 test. \n+0000c400: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000c410: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7472 7565 (line 6).* true\n+0000c420: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n 0000c430: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c440: 2074 7275 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 true. \n-0000c450: 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 3629 (line 6)\n-0000c460: 0a2a 2074 7275 7374 3a20 2020 2020 2020 .* trust: \n+0000c440: 2020 2074 7275 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 true. \n+0000c450: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n+0000c460: 3629 0a2a 2074 7275 7374 3a20 2020 2020 6).* trust: \n 0000c470: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7472 7573 742e trust.\n-0000c490: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c4a0: 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 756e 7365 (line 6).* unse\n-0000c4b0: 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t: \n+0000c480: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7472 7573 trus\n+0000c490: 742e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 t. \n+0000c4a0: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 756e (line 6).* un\n+0000c4b0: 7365 743a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 set: \n 0000c4c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c4d0: 2020 2075 6e73 6574 2e20 2020 2020 2020 unset. \n-0000c4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e 6520 (line \n-0000c4f0: 3629 0a2a 2076 6572 6966 795f 6465 7461 6).* verify_deta\n-0000c500: 6368 6564 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ched: \n-0000c510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7665 7269 veri\n-0000c520: 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 642e 2020 2020 fy_detached. \n-0000c530: 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 7669 (line 6).* vi\n-0000c540: 6465 6f69 6e66 6f3a 2020 2020 2020 2020 deoinfo: \n+0000c4d0: 2020 2020 2075 6e73 6574 2e20 2020 2020 unset. \n+0000c4e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n+0000c4f0: 6520 3629 0a2a 2076 6572 6966 795f 6465 e 6).* verify_de\n+0000c500: 7461 6368 6564 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 tached: \n+0000c510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7665 ve\n+0000c520: 7269 6679 5f64 6574 6163 6865 642e 2020 rify_detached. \n+0000c530: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n+0000c540: 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 6f3a 2020 2020 2020 videoinfo: \n 0000c550: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c560: 2020 2020 2076 6964 656f 696e 666f 2e20 videoinfo. \n-0000c570: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c 696e (lin\n-0000c580: 6520 3629 0a2a 2077 726d 7372 3a20 2020 e 6).* wrmsr: \n+0000c560: 2020 2020 2020 2076 6964 656f 696e 666f videoinfo\n+0000c570: 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c . (l\n+0000c580: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2077 726d 7372 3a20 ine 6).* wrmsr: \n 0000c590: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c5a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7772 wr\n-0000c5b0: 6d73 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 msr. \n-0000c5c0: 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a 2a20 (line 6).* \n-0000c5d0: 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 3a20 xen_hypervisor: \n-0000c5e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c5f0: 2020 2020 2020 2078 656e 5f68 7970 6572 xen_hyper\n-0000c600: 7669 736f 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 286c visor. (l\n-0000c610: 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2078 656e 5f6d 6f64 ine 6).* xen_mod\n-0000c620: 756c 653a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ule: \n+0000c5a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+0000c5b0: 7772 6d73 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 wrmsr. \n+0000c5c0: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n+0000c5d0: 2a20 7865 6e5f 6879 7065 7276 6973 6f72 * xen_hypervisor\n+0000c5e0: 3a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 : \n+0000c5f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2078 656e 5f68 7970 xen_hyp\n+0000c600: 6572 7669 736f 722e 2020 2020 2020 2020 ervisor. \n+0000c610: 286c 696e 6520 3629 0a2a 2078 656e 5f6d (line 6).* xen_m\n+0000c620: 6f64 756c 653a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 odule: \n 0000c630: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0000c640: 7865 6e5f 6d6f 6475 6c65 2e20 2020 2020 xen_module. \n-0000c650: 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 290a (line 6).\n-0000c660: 0a .\n+0000c640: 2020 7865 6e5f 6d6f 6475 6c65 2e20 2020 xen_module. \n+0000c650: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 6c69 6e65 2036 (line 6\n+0000c660: 290a 0a )..\n"}]}, {"source1": "./usr/share/info/grub.info.gz", "source2": "./usr/share/info/grub.info.gz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "grub.info", "source2": "grub.info", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -1,541 +1,541 @@\n 00000000: 5468 6973 2069 7320 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 This is grub.inf\n 00000010: 6f2c 2070 726f 6475 6365 6420 6279 206d o, produced by m\n 00000020: 616b 6569 6e66 6f20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 akeinfo version \n 00000030: 372e 312e 3120 6672 6f6d 2067 7275 622e 7.1.1 from grub.\n 00000040: 7465 7869 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 texi...This manu\n 00000050: 616c 2069 7320 666f 7220 474e 5520 4752 al is for GNU GR\n 00000060: 5542 2028 7665 7273 696f 6e20 322e 3132 UB (version 2.12\n-00000070: 2c20 3236 204a 756c 7920 3230 3235 292e , 26 July 2025).\n-00000080: 0a0a 2020 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 20c2 .. Copyright .\n-00000090: a90a 3139 3939 2c32 3030 302c 3230 3031 ..1999,2000,2001\n-000000a0: 2c32 3030 322c 3230 3034 2c32 3030 362c ,2002,2004,2006,\n-000000b0: 3230 3038 2c32 3030 392c 3230 3130 2c32 2008,2009,2010,2\n-000000c0: 3031 312c 3230 3132 2c32 3031 3320 4672 011,2012,2013 Fr\n-000000d0: 6565 0a53 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f 756e ee.Software Foun\n-000000e0: 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e 0a0a 2020 dation, Inc... \n-000000f0: 2020 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 6973 Permission is\n-00000100: 2067 7261 6e74 6564 2074 6f20 636f 7079 granted to copy\n-00000110: 2c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2061 6e64 , distribute and\n-00000120: 2f6f 7220 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 6869 730a /or modify this.\n-00000130: 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 756e document un\n-00000140: 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 6f66 der the terms of\n-00000150: 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 446f the GNU Free Do\n-00000160: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 6365 cumentation Lice\n-00000170: 6e73 652c 0a20 2020 2020 5665 7273 696f nse,. Versio\n-00000180: 6e20 312e 3220 6f72 2061 6e79 206c 6174 n 1.2 or any lat\n-00000190: 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 7562 6c69 er version publi\n-000001a0: 7368 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4672 6565 shed by the Free\n-000001b0: 2053 6f66 7477 6172 650a 2020 2020 2046 Software. F\n-000001c0: 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e3b 2077 6974 6820 oundation; with \n-000001d0: 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 6563 no Invariant Sec\n-000001e0: 7469 6f6e 732e 0a49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d tions..INFO-DIR-\n-000001f0: 5345 4354 494f 4e20 4b65 726e 656c 0a53 SECTION Kernel.S\n-00000200: 5441 5254 2d49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d 454e TART-INFO-DIR-EN\n-00000210: 5452 590a 2a20 4752 5542 3a20 2867 7275 TRY.* GRUB: (gru\n-00000220: 6229 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 b). \n-00000230: 2020 2020 5468 6520 4752 616e 6420 556e The GRand Un\n-00000240: 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 6c6f 6164 6572 ified Bootloader\n-00000250: 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c 6c3a .* grub-install:\n-00000260: 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 (grub)Invoking \n-00000270: 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2e20 2020 grub-install. \n-00000280: 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 6f6e Install GRUB on\n-00000290: 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a 2a20 6772 your drive.* gr\n-000002a0: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a 2028 6772 ub-mkconfig: (gr\n-000002b0: 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 ub)Invoking grub\n-000002c0: 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 672e 2020 4765 6e65 -mkconfig. Gene\n-000002d0: 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 636f 6e66 6967 rate GRUB config\n-000002e0: 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d uration.* grub-m\n-000002f0: 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 3a20 kpasswd-pbkdf2: \n-00000300: 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 (grub)Invoking g\n-00000310: 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 626b rub-mkpasswd-pbk\n-00000320: 6466 322e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 df2..* grub-mkre\n-00000330: 6c70 6174 683a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 lpath: (grub)Inv\n-00000340: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c oking grub-mkrel\n-00000350: 7061 7468 2e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 path..* grub-mkr\n-00000360: 6573 6375 653a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 escue: (grub)Inv\n-00000370: 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 6573 oking grub-mkres\n-00000380: 6375 652e 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 5255 cue. Make a GRU\n-00000390: 4220 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 6765 0a2a B rescue image.*\n-000003a0: 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 743a 2028 6772 grub-mount: (gr\n-000003b0: 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 ub)Invoking grub\n-000003c0: 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 2020 204d -mount. M\n-000003d0: 6f75 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 ount a file syst\n-000003e0: 656d 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 420a 2a20 em using GRUB.* \n-000003f0: 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 3a20 2867 7275 grub-probe: (gru\n-00000400: 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d b)Invoking grub-\n-00000410: 7072 6f62 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 5072 probe. Pr\n-00000420: 6f62 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e66 6f72 obe device infor\n-00000430: 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 7363 mation.* grub-sc\n-00000440: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a20 2867 7275 ript-check: (gru\n-00000450: 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d b)Invoking grub-\n-00000460: 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 2e0a 454e script-check..EN\n-00000470: 442d 494e 464f 2d44 4952 2d45 4e54 5259 D-INFO-DIR-ENTRY\n-00000480: 0a0a 1f0a 496e 6469 7265 6374 3a0a 6772 ....Indirect:.gr\n-00000490: 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2d 313a 2031 3135 340a ub.info-1: 1154.\n-000004a0: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2d 323a 2033 3033 grub.info-2: 303\n-000004b0: 3738 370a 1f0a 5461 6720 5461 626c 653a 787...Tag Table:\n-000004c0: 0a28 496e 6469 7265 6374 290a 4e6f 6465 .(Indirect).Node\n-000004d0: 3a20 546f 707f 3131 3534 0a4e 6f64 653a : Top.1154.Node:\n-000004e0: 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e7f 3337 Introduction.37\n-000004f0: 3233 0a4e 6f64 653a 204f 7665 7276 6965 23.Node: Overvie\n-00000500: 777f 3431 3637 0a4e 6f64 653a 204f 7665 w.4167.Node: Ove\n-00000510: 7276 6965 772d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 737f rview-Footnotes.\n-00000520: 3631 3635 0a52 6566 3a20 4f76 6572 7669 6165.Ref: Overvi\n-00000530: 6577 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d 317f 3632 ew-Footnote-1.62\n-00000540: 3236 0a4e 6f64 653a 2048 6973 746f 7279 26.Node: History\n-00000550: 7f36 3339 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4368 616e .6392.Node: Chan\n-00000560: 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 4220 4c65 ges from GRUB Le\n-00000570: 6761 6379 7f38 3438 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 gacy.8482.Node: \n-00000580: 4665 6174 7572 6573 7f31 3130 3136 0a4e Features.11016.N\n-00000590: 6f64 653a 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f ode: Features-Fo\n-000005a0: 6f74 6e6f 7465 737f 3137 3538 350a 5265 otnotes.17585.Re\n-000005b0: 663a 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f 6f74 f: Features-Foot\n-000005c0: 6e6f 7465 2d31 7f31 3736 3436 0a52 6566 note-1.17646.Ref\n-000005d0: 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 2d46 6f6f 746e : Features-Footn\n-000005e0: 6f74 652d 327f 3137 3734 320a 5265 663a ote-2.17742.Ref:\n-000005f0: 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f Features-Footno\n-00000600: 7465 2d33 7f31 3738 3839 0a4e 6f64 653a te-3.17889.Node:\n-00000610: 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f 7420 Role of a boot \n-00000620: 6c6f 6164 6572 7f31 3830 3334 0a4e 6f64 loader.18034.Nod\n-00000630: 653a 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f e: Role of a boo\n-00000640: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 t loader-Footnot\n-00000650: 6573 7f31 3933 3733 0a52 6566 3a20 526f es.19373.Ref: Ro\n-00000660: 6c65 206f 6620 6120 626f 6f74 206c 6f61 le of a boot loa\n-00000670: 6465 722d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 7f31 der-Footnote-1.1\n-00000680: 3934 3630 0a4e 6f64 653a 204e 616d 696e 9460.Node: Namin\n-00000690: 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 7f31 3935 g convention.195\n-000006a0: 3339 0a4e 6f64 653a 204f 532d 7370 6563 39.Node: OS-spec\n-000006b0: 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2061 626f 7574 ific notes about\n-000006c0: 2067 7275 6220 746f 6f6c 737f 3232 3530 grub tools.2250\n-000006d0: 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 7374 616c 6c61 6.Node: Installa\n-000006e0: 7469 6f6e 7f32 3335 3432 0a4e 6f64 653a tion.23542.Node:\n-000006f0: 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 5542 Installing GRUB\n-00000700: 2075 7369 6e67 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 using grub-inst\n-00000710: 616c 6c7f 3234 3639 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 all.24692.Node: \n-00000720: 4d61 6b69 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f Making a GRUB bo\n-00000730: 6f74 6162 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d7f 3237 otable CD-ROM.27\n-00000740: 3034 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d61 6b69 6e67 047.Node: Making\n-00000750: 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 a GRUB bootable\n-00000760: 2043 442d 524f 4d2d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 CD-ROM-Footnote\n-00000770: 737f 3238 3936 320a 5265 663a 204d 616b s.28962.Ref: Mak\n-00000780: 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f 7461 ing a GRUB boota\n-00000790: 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 2d46 6f6f 746e ble CD-ROM-Footn\n-000007a0: 6f74 652d 317f 3239 3036 350a 4e6f 6465 ote-1.29065.Node\n-000007b0: 3a20 4465 7669 6365 206d 6170 7f32 3931 : Device map.291\n-000007c0: 3430 0a4e 6f64 653a 2042 494f 5320 696e 40.Node: BIOS in\n-000007d0: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 7f33 3131 3237 stallation.31127\n-000007e0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 7f33 .Node: Booting.3\n-000007f0: 3536 3331 0a4e 6f64 653a 2047 656e 6572 5631.Node: Gener\n-00000800: 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 7468 6f64 737f al boot methods.\n-00000810: 3336 3136 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4c6f 6164 36166.Node: Load\n-00000820: 696e 6720 616e 206f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 ing an operating\n-00000830: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6469 7265 6374 6c79 system directly\n-00000840: 7f33 3638 3633 0a4e 6f64 653a 204b 6578 .36863.Node: Kex\n-00000850: 6563 7f33 3735 3930 0a4e 6f64 653a 2043 ec.37590.Node: C\n-00000860: 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 7f33 3833 hain-loading.383\n-00000870: 3533 0a4e 6f64 653a 204c 6f6f 7062 6163 53.Node: Loopbac\n-00000880: 6b20 626f 6f74 696e 677f 3339 3331 370a k booting.39317.\n-00000890: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 6520 Node: LVM cache \n-000008a0: 626f 6f74 696e 677f 3431 3037 350a 4e6f booting.41075.No\n-000008b0: 6465 3a20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 de: OS-specific \n-000008c0: 6e6f 7465 737f 3432 3334 310a 4e6f 6465 notes.42341.Node\n-000008d0: 3a20 474e 552f 4875 7264 7f34 3236 3331 : GNU/Hurd.42631\n-000008e0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 .Node: GNU/Linux\n-000008f0: 7f34 3337 3632 0a4e 6f64 653a 204e 6574 .43762.Node: Net\n-00000900: 4253 447f 3435 3132 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 BSD.45124.Node: \n-00000910: 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 737f 3436 3631 DOS/Windows.4661\n-00000920: 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 8.Node: Configur\n-00000930: 6174 696f 6e7f 3438 3431 320a 4e6f 6465 ation.48412.Node\n-00000940: 3a20 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 : Simple configu\n-00000950: 7261 7469 6f6e 7f34 3931 3332 0a4e 6f64 ration.49132.Nod\n-00000960: 653a 2052 6f6f 7420 4964 656e 7469 6663 e: Root Identifc\n-00000970: 6174 696f 6e20 4865 7572 6973 7469 6373 ation Heuristics\n-00000980: 7f36 3831 3238 0a4e 6f64 653a 2053 6865 .68128.Node: She\n-00000990: 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 7363 7269 7074 696e ll-like scriptin\n-000009a0: 677f 3731 3238 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5368 g.71280.Node: Sh\n-000009b0: 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 ell-like scripti\n-000009c0: 6e67 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 7f37 3938 ng-Footnotes.798\n-000009d0: 3536 0a52 6566 3a20 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 56.Ref: Shell-li\n-000009e0: 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 2d46 6f6f ke scripting-Foo\n-000009f0: 746e 6f74 652d 317f 3739 3934 310a 4e6f tnote-1.79941.No\n-00000a00: 6465 3a20 4d75 6c74 692d 626f 6f74 206d de: Multi-boot m\n-00000a10: 616e 7561 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 7f38 3030 anual config.800\n-00000a20: 3638 0a4e 6f64 653a 2045 6d62 6564 6465 68.Node: Embedde\n-00000a30: 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e7f d configuration.\n-00000a40: 3833 3639 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5468 656d 83691.Node: Them\n-00000a50: 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 747f 3836 e file format.86\n-00000a60: 3632 370a 5265 663a 2050 6978 6d61 702d 627.Ref: Pixmap-\n-00000a70: 7374 796c 6564 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 styled progress \n-00000a80: 6261 727f 3838 3039 320a 5265 663a 2050 bar.88092.Ref: P\n-00000a90: 6c61 696e 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 6261 lain progress ba\n-00000aa0: 722c 2064 7261 776e 2077 6974 6820 736f r, drawn with so\n-00000ab0: 6c69 6420 636f 6c6f 722e 7f38 3831 3033 lid color..88103\n-00000ac0: 0a52 6566 3a20 416e 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 .Ref: An example\n-00000ad0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 736c 6963 6573 2028 of the slices (\n-00000ae0: 696e 2072 6564 2920 7573 6564 2066 6f72 in red) used for\n-00000af0: 2061 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 6e64 a terminal wind\n-00000b00: 6f77 2e20 5468 6973 2064 7261 7769 6e67 ow. This drawing\n-00000b10: 2077 6173 2063 7265 6174 6564 2061 6e64 was created and\n-00000b20: 2073 6c69 6365 6420 696e 2049 6e6b 7363 sliced in Inksc\n-00000b30: 6170 655f 2c20 6173 2074 6865 206e 6578 ape_, as the nex\n-00000b40: 7420 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6578 706c 6169 t section explai\n-00000b50: 6e73 2e7f 3931 3539 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ns..91594.Node: \n-00000b60: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b7f 3131 3230 3537 0a4e Network.112057.N\n-00000b70: 6f64 653a 2053 6572 6961 6c20 7465 726d ode: Serial term\n-00000b80: 696e 616c 7f31 3136 3639 350a 4e6f 6465 inal.116695.Node\n-00000b90: 3a20 5665 6e64 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 2d6f : Vendor power-o\n-00000ba0: 6e20 6b65 7973 7f31 3139 3039 390a 4e6f n keys.119099.No\n-00000bb0: 6465 3a20 496d 6167 6573 7f31 3231 3037 de: Images.12107\n-00000bc0: 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 7265 2069 6d61 8.Node: Core ima\n-00000bd0: 6765 2073 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 ge size limitati\n-00000be0: 6f6e 7f31 3236 3230 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 on.126205.Node: \n-00000bf0: 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 7f31 3238 3739 Filesystem.12879\n-00000c00: 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 7669 6365 2073 1.Node: Device s\n-00000c10: 796e 7461 787f 3132 3935 3034 0a4e 6f64 yntax.129504.Nod\n-00000c20: 653a 2046 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 796e e: File name syn\n-00000c30: 7461 787f 3133 3236 3431 0a4e 6f64 653a tax.132641.Node:\n-00000c40: 2042 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7420 7379 6e74 Block list synt\n-00000c50: 6178 7f31 3333 3735 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ax.133755.Node: \n-00000c60: 496e 7465 7266 6163 657f 3133 3436 3535 Interface.134655\n-00000c70: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2d6c .Node: Command-l\n-00000c80: 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 657f 3133 ine interface.13\n-00000c90: 3534 3833 0a4e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d 6d61 5483.Node: Comma\n-00000ca0: 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 nd-line interfac\n-00000cb0: 652d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 737f 3133 3734 e-Footnotes.1374\n-00000cc0: 3037 0a52 6566 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 642d 07.Ref: Command-\n-00000cd0: 6c69 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 2d46 line interface-F\n-00000ce0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d 317f 3133 3734 3936 ootnote-1.137496\n-00000cf0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 204d 656e 7520 696e 7465 .Node: Menu inte\n-00000d00: 7266 6163 657f 3133 3735 3931 0a4e 6f64 rface.137591.Nod\n-00000d10: 653a 204d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 6564 e: Menu entry ed\n-00000d20: 6974 6f72 7f31 3338 3733 340a 4e6f 6465 itor.138734.Node\n-00000d30: 3a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 747f 3133 : Environment.13\n-00000d40: 3934 3736 0a4e 6f64 653a 2053 7065 6369 9476.Node: Speci\n-00000d50: 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 al environment v\n-00000d60: 6172 6961 626c 6573 7f31 3430 3137 380a ariables.140178.\n-00000d70: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6269 6f73 6e75 6d7f 3134 Node: biosnum.14\n-00000d80: 3133 3338 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6865 636b 1338.Node: check\n-00000d90: 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 737f 3134 3138 _signatures.1418\n-00000da0: 3632 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 686f 7365 6e7f 62.Node: chosen.\n-00000db0: 3134 3231 3439 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6d64 142149.Node: cmd\n-00000dc0: 7061 7468 7f31 3432 3539 360a 4e6f 6465 path.142596.Node\n-00000dd0: 3a20 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 : color_highligh\n-00000de0: 747f 3134 3330 3237 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 t.143027.Node: c\n-00000df0: 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c7f 3134 3334 olor_normal.1434\n-00000e00: 3437 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 47.Node: config_\n-00000e10: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 797f 3134 3532 3032 directory.145202\n-00000e20: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 6669 .Node: config_fi\n-00000e30: 6c65 7f31 3435 3439 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 le.145496.Node: \n-00000e40: 6465 6275 677f 3134 3538 3937 0a4e 6f64 debug.145897.Nod\n-00000e50: 653a 2064 6566 6175 6c74 7f31 3436 3837 e: default.14687\n-00000e60: 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6661 6c6c 6261 636b 0.Node: fallback\n-00000e70: 7f31 3438 3332 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6766 .148326.Node: gf\n-00000e80: 786d 6f64 657f 3134 3836 3633 0a4e 6f64 xmode.148663.Nod\n-00000e90: 653a 2067 6678 7061 796c 6f61 647f 3134 e: gfxpayload.14\n-00000ea0: 3934 3933 0a4e 6f64 653a 2067 6678 7465 9493.Node: gfxte\n-00000eb0: 726d 5f66 6f6e 747f 3135 3036 3833 0a4e rm_font.150683.N\n-00000ec0: 6f64 653a 2067 7275 625f 6370 757f 3135 ode: grub_cpu.15\n-00000ed0: 3039 3931 0a4e 6f64 653a 2067 7275 625f 0991.Node: grub_\n-00000ee0: 706c 6174 666f 726d 7f31 3531 3239 310a platform.151291.\n-00000ef0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6963 6f6e 6469 727f 3135 Node: icondir.15\n-00000f00: 3135 3935 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 616e 677f 1595.Node: lang.\n-00000f10: 3135 3139 3136 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6f63 151916.Node: loc\n-00000f20: 616c 655f 6469 727f 3135 3234 3031 0a4e ale_dir.152401.N\n-00000f30: 6f64 653a 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e7f 3135 ode: lockdown.15\n-00000f40: 3239 3036 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 656e 755f 2906.Node: menu_\n-00000f50: 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 747f color_highlight.\n-00000f60: 3135 3331 3532 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 656e 153152.Node: men\n-00000f70: 755f 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c 7f31 u_color_normal.1\n-00000f80: 3533 3635 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 53654.Node: net_\n-00000f90: 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 626f 6f74 _boot\n-00000fa0: 5f66 696c 657f 3135 3431 3633 0a4e 6f64 _file.154163.Nod\n-00000fb0: 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 e: net__clientid.1543\n-00000fd0: 3938 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 98.Node: net__clientu\n-00000ff0: 7569 647f 3135 3436 3430 0a4e 6f64 653a uid.154640.Node:\n-00001000: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n-00001010: 5f64 6863 705f 7365 7276 6572 5f6e 616d _dhcp_server_nam\n-00001020: 657f 3135 3438 3933 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e e.154893.Node: n\n-00001030: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f64 et__d\n-00001040: 6f6d 6169 6e7f 3135 3531 3536 0a4e 6f64 omain.155156.Nod\n-00001050: 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 e: net__extensionspat\n-00001070: 687f 3135 3534 3033 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e h.155403.Node: n\n-00001080: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f68 et__h\n-00001090: 6f73 746e 616d 657f 3135 3536 3538 0a4e ostname.155658.N\n-000010a0: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ode: net__ip.155897.N\n-000010c0: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ode: net__mac.156113.\n-000010e0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 Node: net__next_serve\n-00001100: 727f 3135 3633 3334 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e r.156334.Node: n\n-00001110: 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f72 et__r\n-00001120: 6f6f 7470 6174 687f 3135 3635 3737 0a4e ootpath.156577.N\n-00001130: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 ode: net_default\n-00001140: 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 7f31 3536 3831 _interface.15681\n-00001150: 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 6.Node: net_defa\n-00001160: 756c 745f 6970 7f31 3537 3033 360a 4e6f ult_ip.157036.No\n-00001170: 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c 745f de: net_default_\n-00001180: 6d61 637f 3135 3732 3333 0a4e 6f64 653a mac.157233.Node:\n-00001190: 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 6572 net_default_ser\n-000011a0: 7665 727f 3135 3734 3239 0a4e 6f64 653a ver.157429.Node:\n-000011b0: 2070 6167 6572 7f31 3537 3632 320a 4e6f pager.157622.No\n-000011c0: 6465 3a20 7072 6566 6978 7f31 3537 3838 de: prefix.15788\n-000011d0: 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7078 655f 626c 6b73 2.Node: pxe_blks\n-000011e0: 697a 657f 3135 3833 3339 0a4e 6f64 653a ize.158339.Node:\n-000011f0: 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f67 6174 pxe_default_gat\n-00001200: 6577 6179 7f31 3538 3531 360a 4e6f 6465 eway.158516.Node\n-00001210: 3a20 7078 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f 7365 : pxe_default_se\n-00001220: 7276 6572 7f31 3538 3732 310a 4e6f 6465 rver.158721.Node\n-00001230: 3a20 726f 6f74 7f31 3538 3931 370a 4e6f : root.158917.No\n-00001240: 6465 3a20 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b7f 3135 de: shim_lock.15\n-00001250: 3934 3737 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 7570 6572 9477.Node: super\n-00001260: 7573 6572 737f 3135 3937 3438 0a4e 6f64 users.159748.Nod\n-00001270: 653a 2074 6865 6d65 7f31 3630 3030 310a e: theme.160001.\n-00001280: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 747f 3136 Node: timeout.16\n-00001290: 3033 3236 0a4e 6f64 653a 2074 696d 656f 0326.Node: timeo\n-000012a0: 7574 5f73 7479 6c65 7f31 3630 3938 370a ut_style.160987.\n-000012b0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7470 6d5f 6661 696c 5f66 Node: tpm_fail_f\n-000012c0: 6174 616c 7f31 3631 3431 310a 4e6f 6465 atal.161411.Node\n-000012d0: 3a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 626c : Environment bl\n-000012e0: 6f63 6b7f 3136 3230 3936 0a4e 6f64 653a ock.162096.Node:\n-000012f0: 204d 6f64 756c 6573 7f31 3633 3535 320a Modules.163552.\n-00001300: 4e6f 6465 3a20 626c 697f 3136 3338 3337 Node: bli.163837\n-00001310: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 737f .Node: Commands.\n-00001320: 3136 3438 3136 0a4e 6f64 653a 204d 656e 164816.Node: Men\n-00001330: 752d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2063 6f6d 6d61 u-specific comma\n-00001340: 6e64 737f 3136 3537 3035 0a4e 6f64 653a nds.165705.Node:\n-00001350: 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 7f31 3636 3432 menuentry.16642\n-00001360: 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7375 626d 656e 757f 4.Node: submenu.\n-00001370: 3136 3830 3133 0a4e 6f64 653a 204c 6f61 168013.Node: Loa\n-00001380: 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 7f31 3638 der commands.168\n-00001390: 3534 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6368 6169 6e6c 546.Node: chainl\n-000013a0: 6f61 6465 727f 3137 3130 3432 0a4e 6f64 oader.171042.Nod\n-000013b0: 653a 2069 6e69 7472 647f 3137 3137 3335 e: initrd.171735\n-000013c0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 367f .Node: initrd16.\n-000013d0: 3137 3339 3331 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 696e 173931.Node: lin\n-000013e0: 7578 7f31 3734 3533 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ux.174537.Node: \n-000013f0: 6c69 6e75 7831 367f 3137 3534 3434 0a4e linux16.175444.N\n-00001400: 6f64 653a 2078 656e 5f68 7970 6572 7669 ode: xen_hypervi\n-00001410: 736f 727f 3137 3631 3439 0a4e 6f64 653a sor.176149.Node:\n-00001420: 2078 656e 5f6d 6f64 756c 657f 3137 3635 xen_module.1765\n-00001430: 3933 0a4e 6f64 653a 2047 656e 6572 616c 93.Node: General\n-00001440: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 737f 3137 3730 3934 commands.177094\n-00001450: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6572 6961 6c7f 3137 .Node: serial.17\n-00001460: 3735 3434 0a4e 6f64 653a 2074 6572 6d69 7544.Node: termi\n-00001470: 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 747f 3137 3936 3736 nal_input.179676\n-00001480: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c5f .Node: terminal_\n-00001490: 6f75 7470 7574 7f31 3830 3334 360a 4e6f output.180346.No\n-000014a0: 6465 3a20 7465 726d 696e 666f 7f31 3831 de: terminfo.181\n-000014b0: 3031 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 017.Node: Comman\n-000014c0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 737f d-line commands.\n-000014d0: 3138 3233 3034 0a4e 6f64 653a 205b 7f31 182304.Node: [.1\n-000014e0: 3837 3434 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6163 7069 87441.Node: acpi\n-000014f0: 7f31 3837 3631 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6175 .187612.Node: au\n-00001500: 7468 656e 7469 6361 7465 7f31 3838 3838 thenticate.18888\n-00001510: 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 4.Node: backgrou\n-00001520: 6e64 5f63 6f6c 6f72 7f31 3839 3330 340a nd_color.189304.\n-00001530: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 6e64 Node: background\n-00001540: 5f69 6d61 6765 7f31 3839 3936 360a 4e6f _image.189966.No\n-00001550: 6465 3a20 6261 6472 616d 7f31 3930 3530 de: badram.19050\n-00001560: 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 626c 6f63 6b6c 6973 7.Node: blocklis\n-00001570: 747f 3139 3138 3832 0a4e 6f64 653a 2062 t.191882.Node: b\n-00001580: 6f6f 747f 3139 3231 3031 0a4e 6f64 653a oot.192101.Node:\n-00001590: 2063 6174 7f31 3932 3430 380a 4e6f 6465 cat.192408.Node\n-000015a0: 3a20 636c 6561 727f 3139 3333 3835 0a4e : clear.193385.N\n-000015b0: 6f64 653a 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e 7f31 ode: cmosclean.1\n-000015c0: 3933 3534 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 6f73 93548.Node: cmos\n-000015d0: 6475 6d70 7f31 3933 3833 370a 4e6f 6465 dump.193837.Node\n-000015e0: 3a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 7f31 3934 3131 : cmostest.19411\n-000015f0: 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 707f 3139 3434 7.Node: cmp.1944\n-00001600: 3630 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e 6669 6766 60.Node: configf\n-00001610: 696c 657f 3139 3532 3135 0a4e 6f64 653a ile.195215.Node:\n-00001620: 2063 7075 6964 7f31 3935 3632 390a 4e6f cpuid.195629.No\n-00001630: 6465 3a20 6372 637f 3139 3631 3937 0a4e de: crc.196197.N\n-00001640: 6f64 653a 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 6e74 ode: cryptomount\n-00001650: 7f31 3936 3436 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6375 .196464.Node: cu\n-00001660: 746d 656d 7f31 3938 3733 340a 4e6f 6465 tmem.198734.Node\n-00001670: 3a20 6461 7465 7f31 3939 3630 320a 4e6f : date.199602.No\n-00001680: 6465 3a20 6465 7669 6365 7472 6565 7f32 de: devicetree.2\n-00001690: 3030 3133 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6469 7374 00131.Node: dist\n-000016a0: 7275 7374 7f32 3030 3635 380a 4e6f 6465 rust.200658.Node\n-000016b0: 3a20 6472 6976 656d 6170 7f32 3031 3434 : drivemap.20144\n-000016c0: 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6563 686f 7f32 3032 4.Node: echo.202\n-000016d0: 3238 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6566 6974 6578 281.Node: efitex\n-000016e0: 746d 6f64 657f 3230 3332 3536 0a4e 6f64 tmode.203256.Nod\n-000016f0: 653a 2065 7661 6c7f 3230 3534 3930 0a4e e: eval.205490.N\n-00001700: 6f64 653a 2065 7870 6f72 747f 3230 3537 ode: export.2057\n-00001710: 3635 0a4e 6f64 653a 2066 616c 7365 7f32 65.Node: false.2\n-00001720: 3036 3036 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6677 7365 06065.Node: fwse\n-00001730: 7475 707f 3230 3633 3534 0a4e 6f64 653a tup.206354.Node:\n-00001740: 2067 6462 696e 666f 7f32 3036 3730 330a gdbinfo.206703.\n-00001750: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6765 7474 6578 747f 3230 Node: gettext.20\n-00001760: 3732 3432 0a4e 6f64 653a 2067 7074 7379 7242.Node: gptsy\n-00001770: 6e63 7f32 3037 3638 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 nc.207688.Node: \n-00001780: 6861 6c74 7f32 3038 3633 300a 4e6f 6465 halt.208630.Node\n-00001790: 3a20 6861 7368 7375 6d7f 3230 3930 3130 : hashsum.209010\n-000017a0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2068 656c 707f 3231 3033 .Node: help.2103\n-000017b0: 3131 0a4e 6f64 653a 2068 6578 6475 6d70 11.Node: hexdump\n-000017c0: 7f32 3130 3736 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 696e .210764.Node: in\n-000017d0: 736d 6f64 7f32 3131 3338 310a 4e6f 6465 smod.211381.Node\n-000017e0: 3a20 6b65 7973 7461 7475 737f 3231 3135 : keystatus.2115\n-000017f0: 3837 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6973 745f 656e 87.Node: list_en\n-00001800: 767f 3231 3232 3132 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c v.212212.Node: l\n-00001810: 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 647f 3231 3235 ist_trusted.2125\n-00001820: 3637 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6f61 645f 656e 67.Node: load_en\n-00001830: 767f 3231 3331 3433 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c v.213143.Node: l\n-00001840: 6f61 6466 6f6e 747f 3231 3438 3239 0a4e oadfont.214829.N\n-00001850: 6f64 653a 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b7f 3231 ode: loopback.21\n-00001860: 3531 3933 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 737f 3231 5193.Node: ls.21\n-00001870: 3537 3835 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 7366 6f6e 5785.Node: lsfon\n-00001880: 7473 7f32 3136 3331 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ts.216312.Node: \n-00001890: 6c73 6d6f 647f 3231 3634 3739 0a4e 6f64 lsmod.216479.Nod\n-000018a0: 653a 206d 6435 7375 6d7f 3231 3636 3534 e: md5sum.216654\n-000018b0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 6f64 756c 657f 3231 .Node: module.21\n-000018c0: 3639 3236 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 756c 7469 6926.Node: multi\n-000018d0: 626f 6f74 7f32 3137 3232 330a 4e6f 6465 boot.217223.Node\n-000018e0: 3a20 6e61 7469 7665 6469 736b 7f32 3138 : nativedisk.218\n-000018f0: 3332 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e6f 726d 616c 321.Node: normal\n-00001900: 7f32 3138 3730 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e6f .218705.Node: no\n-00001910: 726d 616c 5f65 7869 747f 3231 3934 3733 rmal_exit.219473\n-00001920: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 6c7f .Node: parttool.\n-00001930: 3231 3937 3830 0a4e 6f64 653a 2070 6173 219780.Node: pas\n-00001940: 7377 6f72 647f 3232 3133 3037 0a4e 6f64 sword.221307.Nod\n-00001950: 653a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 6b64 e: password_pbkd\n-00001960: 6632 7f32 3231 3537 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 f2.221574.Node: \n-00001970: 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 7f32 3231 3937 plainmount.22197\n-00001980: 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 7.Node: plainmou\n-00001990: 6e74 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 7f32 3235 nt-Footnotes.225\n-000019a0: 3733 390a 5265 663a 2070 6c61 696e 6d6f 739.Ref: plainmo\n-000019b0: 756e 742d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 7f32 unt-Footnote-1.2\n-000019c0: 3235 3830 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 706c 6179 25804.Node: play\n-000019d0: 7f32 3235 3839 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7072 .225895.Node: pr\n-000019e0: 6f62 657f 3232 3636 3233 0a4e 6f64 653a obe.226623.Node:\n-000019f0: 2072 646d 7372 7f32 3237 3039 340a 4e6f rdmsr.227094.No\n-00001a00: 6465 3a20 7265 6164 7f32 3237 3836 360a de: read.227866.\n-00001a10: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 626f 6f74 7f32 3238 Node: reboot.228\n-00001a20: 3330 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 6765 7870 309.Node: regexp\n-00001a30: 7f32 3238 3437 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 726d .228477.Node: rm\n-00001a40: 6d6f 647f 3232 3930 3039 0a4e 6f64 653a mod.229009.Node:\n-00001a50: 2073 6176 655f 656e 767f 3232 3931 3837 save_env.229187\n-00001a60: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6561 7263 687f 3233 .Node: search.23\n-00001a70: 3032 3034 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 656e 646b 0204.Node: sendk\n-00001a80: 6579 7f32 3331 3831 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ey.231818.Node: \n-00001a90: 7365 747f 3233 3833 3332 0a4e 6f64 653a set.238332.Node:\n-00001aa0: 2073 6861 3173 756d 7f32 3338 3734 340a sha1sum.238744.\n-00001ab0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7368 6132 3536 7375 6d7f Node: sha256sum.\n-00001ac0: 3233 3930 3232 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6861 239022.Node: sha\n-00001ad0: 3531 3273 756d 7f32 3339 3331 340a 4e6f 512sum.239314.No\n-00001ae0: 6465 3a20 736c 6565 707f 3233 3936 3034 de: sleep.239604\n-00001af0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6d62 696f 737f 3234 .Node: smbios.24\n-00001b00: 3031 3137 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6f75 7263 0117.Node: sourc\n-00001b10: 657f 3234 3331 3831 0a4e 6f64 653a 2074 e.243181.Node: t\n-00001b20: 6573 747f 3234 3337 3237 0a4e 6f64 653a est.243727.Node:\n-00001b30: 2074 7275 657f 3234 3636 3031 0a4e 6f64 true.246601.Nod\n-00001b40: 653a 2074 7275 7374 7f32 3436 3838 300a e: trust.246880.\n-00001b50: 4e6f 6465 3a20 756e 7365 747f 3234 3736 Node: unset.2476\n-00001b60: 3833 0a4e 6f64 653a 2076 6572 6966 795f 83.Node: verify_\n-00001b70: 6465 7461 6368 6564 7f32 3437 3838 320a detached.247882.\n-00001b80: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 6f7f Node: videoinfo.\n-00001b90: 3234 3839 3236 0a4e 6f64 653a 2077 726d 248926.Node: wrm\n-00001ba0: 7372 7f32 3439 3138 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 sr.249189.Node: \n-00001bb0: 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d 6d61 Networking comma\n-00001bc0: 6e64 737f 3234 3939 3635 0a4e 6f64 653a nds.249965.Node:\n-00001bd0: 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f61 6464 727f 3235 net_add_addr.25\n-00001be0: 3130 3338 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f61 1038.Node: net_a\n-00001bf0: 6464 5f64 6e73 7f32 3531 3536 320a 4e6f dd_dns.251562.No\n-00001c00: 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f 726f 7574 de: net_add_rout\n-00001c10: 657f 3235 3138 3338 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e e.251838.Node: n\n-00001c20: 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 7f32 3532 3336 360a et_bootp.252366.\n-00001c30: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 6164 Node: net_del_ad\n-00001c40: 6472 7f32 3532 3733 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 dr.252731.Node: \n-00001c50: 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 737f 3235 3239 net_del_dns.2529\n-00001c60: 3731 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 656c 71.Node: net_del\n-00001c70: 5f72 6f75 7465 7f32 3533 3231 380a 4e6f _route.253218.No\n-00001c80: 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6468 6370 7f32 3533 de: net_dhcp.253\n-00001c90: 3435 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6765 452.Node: net_ge\n-00001ca0: 745f 6468 6370 5f6f 7074 696f 6e7f 3235 t_dhcp_option.25\n-00001cb0: 3535 3237 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f69 5527.Node: net_i\n-00001cc0: 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 7f32 3536 pv6_autoconf.256\n-00001cd0: 3032 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6c73 028.Node: net_ls\n-00001ce0: 5f61 6464 727f 3235 3634 3533 0a4e 6f64 _addr.256453.Nod\n-00001cf0: 653a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 737f e: net_ls_cards.\n-00001d00: 3235 3637 3031 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 256701.Node: net\n-00001d10: 5f6c 735f 646e 737f 3235 3639 3337 0a4e _ls_dns.256937.N\n-00001d20: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f 7574 ode: net_ls_rout\n-00001d30: 6573 7f32 3537 3136 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 es.257168.Node: \n-00001d40: 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 7f32 3537 net_nslookup.257\n-00001d50: 3337 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 7365 375.Node: net_se\n-00001d60: 745f 766c 616e 7f32 3537 3638 300a 4e6f t_vlan.257680.No\n-00001d70: 6465 3a20 556e 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6564 de: Undocumented\n-00001d80: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 737f 3235 3831 3433 commands.258143\n-00001d90: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 6572 6e61 7469 .Node: Internati\n-00001da0: 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 696f 6e7f 3236 3338 onalisation.2638\n-00001db0: 3535 0a4e 6f64 653a 2053 6563 7572 6974 55.Node: Securit\n-00001dc0: 797f 3237 3036 3935 0a4e 6f64 653a 2041 y.270695.Node: A\n-00001dd0: 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f 6e20 616e uthentication an\n-00001de0: 6420 6175 7468 6f72 6973 6174 696f 6e7f d authorisation.\n-00001df0: 3237 3132 3731 0a4e 6f64 653a 2055 7369 271271.Node: Usi\n-00001e00: 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 6e61 ng digital signa\n-00001e10: 7475 7265 737f 3237 3434 3637 0a4e 6f64 tures.274467.Nod\n-00001e20: 653a 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 2062 e: UEFI secure b\n-00001e30: 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7368 696d 7f32 3737 oot and shim.277\n-00001e40: 3833 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5365 6375 7265 833.Node: Secure\n-00001e50: 2042 6f6f 7420 4164 7661 6e63 6564 2054 Boot Advanced T\n-00001e60: 6172 6765 7469 6e67 7f32 3739 3031 320a argeting.279012.\n-00001e70: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d65 6173 7572 6564 2042 Node: Measured B\n-00001e80: 6f6f 747f 3238 3030 3531 0a4e 6f64 653a oot.280051.Node:\n-00001e90: 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e7f 3238 3230 3533 Lockdown.282053\n-00001ea0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 6d20 .Node: Platform \n-00001eb0: 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 737f 3238 3235 limitations.2825\n-00001ec0: 3534 0a4e 6f64 653a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 54.Node: Platfor\n-00001ed0: 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206f 7065 7261 m-specific opera\n-00001ee0: 7469 6f6e 737f 3239 3035 3633 0a4e 6f64 tions.290563.Nod\n-00001ef0: 653a 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 206b 6572 e: Supported ker\n-00001f00: 6e65 6c73 7f32 3931 3635 340a 4e6f 6465 nels.291654.Node\n-00001f10: 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f 6f74 696e : Troubleshootin\n-00001f20: 677f 3239 3932 3931 0a4e 6f64 653a 2047 g.299291.Node: G\n-00001f30: 5255 4220 6f6e 6c79 206f 6666 6572 7320 RUB only offers \n-00001f40: 6120 7265 7363 7565 2073 6865 6c6c 7f32 a rescue shell.2\n-00001f50: 3939 3536 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4669 726d 99560.Node: Firm\n-00001f60: 7761 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e 7374 ware stalls inst\n-00001f70: 6561 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 2047 ead of booting G\n-00001f80: 5255 427f 3330 3337 3837 0a4e 6f64 653a RUB.303787.Node:\n-00001f90: 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 696c User-space util\n-00001fa0: 6974 6965 737f 3330 3434 3138 0a4e 6f64 ities.304418.Nod\n-00001fb0: 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 e: Invoking grub\n-00001fc0: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 7f33 3035 3134 390a -install.305149.\n-00001fd0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 Node: Invoking g\n-00001fe0: 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 7f33 3037 rub-mkconfig.307\n-00001ff0: 3337 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 372.Node: Invoki\n-00002000: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 ng grub-mkpasswd\n-00002010: 2d70 626b 6466 327f 3330 3830 3534 0a4e -pbkdf2.308054.N\n-00002020: 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 ode: Invoking gr\n-00002030: 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c 7061 7468 7f33 3038 ub-mkrelpath.308\n-00002040: 3736 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 766.Node: Invoki\n-00002050: 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 7565 ng grub-mkrescue\n-00002060: 7f33 3039 3538 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e .309588.Node: In\n-00002070: 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e voking grub-moun\n-00002080: 747f 3331 3134 3436 0a4e 6f64 653a 2049 t.311446.Node: I\n-00002090: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d70 726f nvoking grub-pro\n-000020a0: 6265 7f33 3134 3630 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 be.314600.Node: \n-000020b0: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 7363 Invoking grub-sc\n-000020c0: 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 7f33 3137 3336 ript-check.31736\n-000020d0: 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4f62 7461 696e 696e 3.Node: Obtainin\n-000020e0: 6720 616e 6420 4275 696c 6469 6e67 2047 g and Building G\n-000020f0: 5255 427f 3331 3831 3230 0a4e 6f64 653a RUB.318120.Node:\n-00002100: 2052 6570 6f72 7469 6e67 2062 7567 737f Reporting bugs.\n-00002110: 3331 3933 3635 0a4e 6f64 653a 2046 7574 319365.Node: Fut\n-00002120: 7572 657f 3332 3231 3839 0a4e 6f64 653a ure.322189.Node:\n-00002130: 2043 6f70 7969 6e67 2054 6869 7320 4d61 Copying This Ma\n-00002140: 6e75 616c 7f33 3232 3538 390a 4e6f 6465 nual.322589.Node\n-00002150: 3a20 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 756d : GNU Free Docum\n-00002160: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e 7365 entation License\n-00002170: 7f33 3232 3831 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e .322817.Node: In\n-00002180: 6465 787f 3334 3532 3039 0a1f 0a45 6e64 dex.345209...End\n-00002190: 2054 6167 2054 6162 6c65 0a0a 1f0a 4c6f Tag Table....Lo\n-000021a0: 6361 6c20 5661 7269 6162 6c65 733a 0a63 cal Variables:.c\n-000021b0: 6f64 696e 673a 2075 7466 2d38 0a45 6e64 oding: utf-8.End\n-000021c0: 3a0a :.\n+00000070: 2c20 3238 2041 7567 7573 7420 3230 3236 , 28 August 2026\n+00000080: 292e 0a0a 2020 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 )... Copyright\n+00000090: 20c2 a90a 3139 3939 2c32 3030 302c 3230 ...1999,2000,20\n+000000a0: 3031 2c32 3030 322c 3230 3034 2c32 3030 01,2002,2004,200\n+000000b0: 362c 3230 3038 2c32 3030 392c 3230 3130 6,2008,2009,2010\n+000000c0: 2c32 3031 312c 3230 3132 2c32 3031 3320 ,2011,2012,2013 \n+000000d0: 4672 6565 0a53 6f66 7477 6172 6520 466f Free.Software Fo\n+000000e0: 756e 6461 7469 6f6e 2c20 496e 632e 0a0a undation, Inc...\n+000000f0: 2020 2020 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 Permission \n+00000100: 6973 2067 7261 6e74 6564 2074 6f20 636f is granted to co\n+00000110: 7079 2c20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 2061 py, distribute a\n+00000120: 6e64 2f6f 7220 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 6869 nd/or modify thi\n+00000130: 730a 2020 2020 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 s. document \n+00000140: 756e 6465 7220 7468 6520 7465 726d 7320 under the terms \n+00000150: 6f66 2074 6865 2047 4e55 2046 7265 6520 of the GNU Free \n+00000160: 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 4c69 Documentation Li\n+00000170: 6365 6e73 652c 0a20 2020 2020 5665 7273 cense,. Vers\n+00000180: 696f 6e20 312e 3220 6f72 2061 6e79 206c ion 1.2 or any l\n+00000190: 6174 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2070 7562 ater version pub\n+000001a0: 6c69 7368 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4672 lished by the Fr\n+000001b0: 6565 2053 6f66 7477 6172 650a 2020 2020 ee Software. \n+000001c0: 2046 6f75 6e64 6174 696f 6e3b 2077 6974 Foundation; wit\n+000001d0: 6820 6e6f 2049 6e76 6172 6961 6e74 2053 h no Invariant S\n+000001e0: 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 0a49 4e46 4f2d 4449 ections..INFO-DI\n+000001f0: 522d 5345 4354 494f 4e20 4b65 726e 656c R-SECTION Kernel\n+00000200: 0a53 5441 5254 2d49 4e46 4f2d 4449 522d .START-INFO-DIR-\n+00000210: 454e 5452 590a 2a20 4752 5542 3a20 2867 ENTRY.* GRUB: (g\n+00000220: 7275 6229 2e20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 rub). \n+00000230: 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 4752 616e 6420 The GRand \n+00000240: 556e 6966 6965 6420 426f 6f74 6c6f 6164 Unified Bootload\n+00000250: 6572 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 696e 7374 616c er.* grub-instal\n+00000260: 6c3a 2028 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e l: (grub)Invokin\n+00000270: 6720 6772 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 2e20 g grub-install. \n+00000280: 2020 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 2047 5255 4220 Install GRUB \n+00000290: 6f6e 2079 6f75 7220 6472 6976 650a 2a20 on your drive.* \n+000002a0: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 673a 2028 grub-mkconfig: (\n+000002b0: 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 grub)Invoking gr\n+000002c0: 7562 2d6d 6b63 6f6e 6669 672e 2020 4765 ub-mkconfig. Ge\n+000002d0: 6e65 7261 7465 2047 5255 4220 636f 6e66 nerate GRUB conf\n+000002e0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 2a20 6772 7562 iguration.* grub\n+000002f0: 2d6d 6b70 6173 7377 642d 7062 6b64 6632 -mkpasswd-pbkdf2\n+00000300: 3a20 2867 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 : (grub)Invoking\n+00000310: 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 7764 2d70 grub-mkpasswd-p\n+00000320: 626b 6466 322e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6b bkdf2..* grub-mk\n+00000330: 7265 6c70 6174 683a 2028 6772 7562 2949 relpath: (grub)I\n+00000340: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n+00000350: 656c 7061 7468 2e0a 2a20 6772 7562 2d6d elpath..* grub-m\n+00000360: 6b72 6573 6375 653a 2028 6772 7562 2949 krescue: (grub)I\n+00000370: 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 nvoking grub-mkr\n+00000380: 6573 6375 652e 2020 4d61 6b65 2061 2047 escue. Make a G\n+00000390: 5255 4220 7265 7363 7565 2069 6d61 6765 RUB rescue image\n+000003a0: 0a2a 2067 7275 622d 6d6f 756e 743a 2028 .* grub-mount: (\n+000003b0: 6772 7562 2949 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 grub)Invoking gr\n+000003c0: 7562 2d6d 6f75 6e74 2e20 2020 2020 2020 ub-mount. \n+000003d0: 204d 6f75 6e74 2061 2066 696c 6520 7379 Mount a file sy\n+000003e0: 7374 656d 2075 7369 6e67 2047 5255 420a stem using GRUB.\n+000003f0: 2a20 6772 7562 2d70 726f 6265 3a20 2867 * grub-probe: (g\n+00000400: 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 rub)Invoking gru\n+00000410: 622d 7072 6f62 652e 2020 2020 2020 2020 b-probe. \n+00000420: 5072 6f62 6520 6465 7669 6365 2069 6e66 Probe device inf\n+00000430: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a2a 2067 7275 622d ormation.* grub-\n+00000440: 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 3a20 2867 script-check: (g\n+00000450: 7275 6229 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 rub)Invoking gru\n+00000460: 622d 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 2e0a b-script-check..\n+00000470: 454e 442d 494e 464f 2d44 4952 2d45 4e54 END-INFO-DIR-ENT\n+00000480: 5259 0a0a 1f0a 496e 6469 7265 6374 3a0a RY....Indirect:.\n+00000490: 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2d 313a 2031 3135 grub.info-1: 115\n+000004a0: 360a 6772 7562 2e69 6e66 6f2d 323a 2033 6.grub.info-2: 3\n+000004b0: 3033 3739 330a 1f0a 5461 6720 5461 626c 03793...Tag Tabl\n+000004c0: 653a 0a28 496e 6469 7265 6374 290a 4e6f e:.(Indirect).No\n+000004d0: 6465 3a20 546f 707f 3131 3536 0a4e 6f64 de: Top.1156.Nod\n+000004e0: 653a 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e7f e: Introduction.\n+000004f0: 3337 3237 0a4e 6f64 653a 204f 7665 7276 3727.Node: Overv\n+00000500: 6965 777f 3431 3731 0a4e 6f64 653a 204f iew.4171.Node: O\n+00000510: 7665 7276 6965 772d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 verview-Footnote\n+00000520: 737f 3631 3639 0a52 6566 3a20 4f76 6572 s.6169.Ref: Over\n+00000530: 7669 6577 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d 317f view-Footnote-1.\n+00000540: 3632 3330 0a4e 6f64 653a 2048 6973 746f 6230.Node: Histo\n+00000550: 7279 7f36 3339 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4368 ry.6396.Node: Ch\n+00000560: 616e 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 2047 5255 4220 anges from GRUB \n+00000570: 4c65 6761 6379 7f38 3438 360a 4e6f 6465 Legacy.8486.Node\n+00000580: 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 7f31 3130 3230 : Features.11020\n+00000590: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d .Node: Features-\n+000005a0: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 737f 3137 3538 390a Footnotes.17589.\n+000005b0: 5265 663a 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f Ref: Features-Fo\n+000005c0: 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 7f31 3736 3530 0a52 otnote-1.17650.R\n+000005d0: 6566 3a20 4665 6174 7572 6573 2d46 6f6f ef: Features-Foo\n+000005e0: 746e 6f74 652d 327f 3137 3734 360a 5265 tnote-2.17746.Re\n+000005f0: 663a 2046 6561 7475 7265 732d 466f 6f74 f: Features-Foot\n+00000600: 6e6f 7465 2d33 7f31 3738 3933 0a4e 6f64 note-3.17893.Nod\n+00000610: 653a 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 6f6f e: Role of a boo\n+00000620: 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 7f31 3830 3338 0a4e t loader.18038.N\n+00000630: 6f64 653a 2052 6f6c 6520 6f66 2061 2062 ode: Role of a b\n+00000640: 6f6f 7420 6c6f 6164 6572 2d46 6f6f 746e oot loader-Footn\n+00000650: 6f74 6573 7f31 3933 3737 0a52 6566 3a20 otes.19377.Ref: \n+00000660: 526f 6c65 206f 6620 6120 626f 6f74 206c Role of a boot l\n+00000670: 6f61 6465 722d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 oader-Footnote-1\n+00000680: 7f31 3934 3634 0a4e 6f64 653a 204e 616d .19464.Node: Nam\n+00000690: 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 7f31 ing convention.1\n+000006a0: 3935 3433 0a4e 6f64 653a 204f 532d 7370 9543.Node: OS-sp\n+000006b0: 6563 6966 6963 206e 6f74 6573 2061 626f ecific notes abo\n+000006c0: 7574 2067 7275 6220 746f 6f6c 737f 3232 ut grub tools.22\n+000006d0: 3531 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 7374 616c 510.Node: Instal\n+000006e0: 6c61 7469 6f6e 7f32 3335 3436 0a4e 6f64 lation.23546.Nod\n+000006f0: 653a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 4752 e: Installing GR\n+00000700: 5542 2075 7369 6e67 2067 7275 622d 696e UB using grub-in\n+00000710: 7374 616c 6c7f 3234 3639 360a 4e6f 6465 stall.24696.Node\n+00000720: 3a20 4d61 6b69 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 : Making a GRUB \n+00000730: 626f 6f74 6162 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d7f bootable CD-ROM.\n+00000740: 3237 3035 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d61 6b69 27051.Node: Maki\n+00000750: 6e67 2061 2047 5255 4220 626f 6f74 6162 ng a GRUB bootab\n+00000760: 6c65 2043 442d 524f 4d2d 466f 6f74 6e6f le CD-ROM-Footno\n+00000770: 7465 737f 3238 3936 360a 5265 663a 204d tes.28966.Ref: M\n+00000780: 616b 696e 6720 6120 4752 5542 2062 6f6f aking a GRUB boo\n+00000790: 7461 626c 6520 4344 2d52 4f4d 2d46 6f6f table CD-ROM-Foo\n+000007a0: 746e 6f74 652d 317f 3239 3036 390a 4e6f tnote-1.29069.No\n+000007b0: 6465 3a20 4465 7669 6365 206d 6170 7f32 de: Device map.2\n+000007c0: 3931 3434 0a4e 6f64 653a 2042 494f 5320 9144.Node: BIOS \n+000007d0: 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 7f33 3131 installation.311\n+000007e0: 3331 0a4e 6f64 653a 2042 6f6f 7469 6e67 31.Node: Booting\n+000007f0: 7f33 3536 3335 0a4e 6f64 653a 2047 656e .35635.Node: Gen\n+00000800: 6572 616c 2062 6f6f 7420 6d65 7468 6f64 eral boot method\n+00000810: 737f 3336 3137 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4c6f s.36170.Node: Lo\n+00000820: 6164 696e 6720 616e 206f 7065 7261 7469 ading an operati\n+00000830: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6469 7265 6374 ng system direct\n+00000840: 6c79 7f33 3638 3637 0a4e 6f64 653a 204b ly.36867.Node: K\n+00000850: 6578 6563 7f33 3735 3934 0a4e 6f64 653a exec.37594.Node:\n+00000860: 2043 6861 696e 2d6c 6f61 6469 6e67 7f33 Chain-loading.3\n+00000870: 3833 3537 0a4e 6f64 653a 204c 6f6f 7062 8357.Node: Loopb\n+00000880: 6163 6b20 626f 6f74 696e 677f 3339 3332 ack booting.3932\n+00000890: 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4c56 4d20 6361 6368 1.Node: LVM cach\n+000008a0: 6520 626f 6f74 696e 677f 3431 3037 390a e booting.41079.\n+000008b0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4f53 2d73 7065 6369 6669 Node: OS-specifi\n+000008c0: 6320 6e6f 7465 737f 3432 3334 350a 4e6f c notes.42345.No\n+000008d0: 6465 3a20 474e 552f 4875 7264 7f34 3236 de: GNU/Hurd.426\n+000008e0: 3335 0a4e 6f64 653a 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 35.Node: GNU/Lin\n+000008f0: 7578 7f34 3337 3636 0a4e 6f64 653a 204e ux.43766.Node: N\n+00000900: 6574 4253 447f 3435 3132 380a 4e6f 6465 etBSD.45128.Node\n+00000910: 3a20 444f 532f 5769 6e64 6f77 737f 3436 : DOS/Windows.46\n+00000920: 3632 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6e66 6967 622.Node: Config\n+00000930: 7572 6174 696f 6e7f 3438 3431 360a 4e6f uration.48416.No\n+00000940: 6465 3a20 5369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6e 6669 de: Simple confi\n+00000950: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 7f34 3931 3336 0a4e guration.49136.N\n+00000960: 6f64 653a 2052 6f6f 7420 4964 656e 7469 ode: Root Identi\n+00000970: 6663 6174 696f 6e20 4865 7572 6973 7469 fcation Heuristi\n+00000980: 6373 7f36 3831 3332 0a4e 6f64 653a 2053 cs.68132.Node: S\n+00000990: 6865 6c6c 2d6c 696b 6520 7363 7269 7074 hell-like script\n+000009a0: 696e 677f 3731 3238 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ing.71284.Node: \n+000009b0: 5368 656c 6c2d 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 Shell-like scrip\n+000009c0: 7469 6e67 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 7f37 ting-Footnotes.7\n+000009d0: 3938 3630 0a52 6566 3a20 5368 656c 6c2d 9860.Ref: Shell-\n+000009e0: 6c69 6b65 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 2d46 like scripting-F\n+000009f0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d 317f 3739 3934 350a ootnote-1.79945.\n+00000a00: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d75 6c74 692d 626f 6f74 Node: Multi-boot\n+00000a10: 206d 616e 7561 6c20 636f 6e66 6967 7f38 manual config.8\n+00000a20: 3030 3732 0a4e 6f64 653a 2045 6d62 6564 0072.Node: Embed\n+00000a30: 6465 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f ded configuratio\n+00000a40: 6e7f 3833 3639 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5468 n.83695.Node: Th\n+00000a50: 656d 6520 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 6d61 747f eme file format.\n+00000a60: 3836 3633 310a 5265 663a 2050 6978 6d61 86631.Ref: Pixma\n+00000a70: 702d 7374 796c 6564 2070 726f 6772 6573 p-styled progres\n+00000a80: 7320 6261 727f 3838 3039 360a 5265 663a s bar.88096.Ref:\n+00000a90: 2050 6c61 696e 2070 726f 6772 6573 7320 Plain progress \n+00000aa0: 6261 722c 2064 7261 776e 2077 6974 6820 bar, drawn with \n+00000ab0: 736f 6c69 6420 636f 6c6f 722e 7f38 3831 solid color..881\n+00000ac0: 3037 0a52 6566 3a20 416e 2065 7861 6d70 07.Ref: An examp\n+00000ad0: 6c65 206f 6620 7468 6520 736c 6963 6573 le of the slices\n+00000ae0: 2028 696e 2072 6564 2920 7573 6564 2066 (in red) used f\n+00000af0: 6f72 2061 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 7769 or a terminal wi\n+00000b00: 6e64 6f77 2e20 5468 6973 2064 7261 7769 ndow. This drawi\n+00000b10: 6e67 2077 6173 2063 7265 6174 6564 2061 ng was created a\n+00000b20: 6e64 2073 6c69 6365 6420 696e 2049 6e6b nd sliced in Ink\n+00000b30: 7363 6170 655f 2c20 6173 2074 6865 206e scape_, as the n\n+00000b40: 6578 7420 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6578 706c ext section expl\n+00000b50: 6169 6e73 2e7f 3931 3539 380a 4e6f 6465 ains..91598.Node\n+00000b60: 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b7f 3131 3230 3631 : Network.112061\n+00000b70: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2053 6572 6961 6c20 7465 .Node: Serial te\n+00000b80: 726d 696e 616c 7f31 3136 3639 390a 4e6f rminal.116699.No\n+00000b90: 6465 3a20 5665 6e64 6f72 2070 6f77 6572 de: Vendor power\n+00000ba0: 2d6f 6e20 6b65 7973 7f31 3139 3130 330a -on keys.119103.\n+00000bb0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 496d 6167 6573 7f31 3231 Node: Images.121\n+00000bc0: 3038 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 7265 2069 082.Node: Core i\n+00000bd0: 6d61 6765 2073 697a 6520 6c69 6d69 7461 mage size limita\n+00000be0: 7469 6f6e 7f31 3236 3230 390a 4e6f 6465 tion.126209.Node\n+00000bf0: 3a20 4669 6c65 7379 7374 656d 7f31 3238 : Filesystem.128\n+00000c00: 3739 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 7669 6365 795.Node: Device\n+00000c10: 2073 796e 7461 787f 3132 3935 3038 0a4e syntax.129508.N\n+00000c20: 6f64 653a 2046 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 2073 ode: File name s\n+00000c30: 796e 7461 787f 3133 3236 3435 0a4e 6f64 yntax.132645.Nod\n+00000c40: 653a 2042 6c6f 636b 206c 6973 7420 7379 e: Block list sy\n+00000c50: 6e74 6178 7f31 3333 3735 390a 4e6f 6465 ntax.133759.Node\n+00000c60: 3a20 496e 7465 7266 6163 657f 3133 3436 : Interface.1346\n+00000c70: 3539 0a4e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 59.Node: Command\n+00000c80: 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 657f -line interface.\n+00000c90: 3133 3534 3837 0a4e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d 135487.Node: Com\n+00000ca0: 6d61 6e64 2d6c 696e 6520 696e 7465 7266 mand-line interf\n+00000cb0: 6163 652d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 737f 3133 ace-Footnotes.13\n+00000cc0: 3734 3131 0a52 6566 3a20 436f 6d6d 616e 7411.Ref: Comman\n+00000cd0: 642d 6c69 6e65 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 d-line interface\n+00000ce0: 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d 317f 3133 3735 -Footnote-1.1375\n+00000cf0: 3030 0a4e 6f64 653a 204d 656e 7520 696e 00.Node: Menu in\n+00000d00: 7465 7266 6163 657f 3133 3735 3935 0a4e terface.137595.N\n+00000d10: 6f64 653a 204d 656e 7520 656e 7472 7920 ode: Menu entry \n+00000d20: 6564 6974 6f72 7f31 3338 3733 380a 4e6f editor.138738.No\n+00000d30: 6465 3a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 747f de: Environment.\n+00000d40: 3133 3934 3830 0a4e 6f64 653a 2053 7065 139480.Node: Spe\n+00000d50: 6369 616c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 cial environment\n+00000d60: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 7f31 3430 3138 variables.14018\n+00000d70: 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6269 6f73 6e75 6d7f 2.Node: biosnum.\n+00000d80: 3134 3133 3432 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6865 141342.Node: che\n+00000d90: 636b 5f73 6967 6e61 7475 7265 737f 3134 ck_signatures.14\n+00000da0: 3138 3636 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 686f 7365 1866.Node: chose\n+00000db0: 6e7f 3134 3231 3533 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 n.142153.Node: c\n+00000dc0: 6d64 7061 7468 7f31 3432 3630 300a 4e6f mdpath.142600.No\n+00000dd0: 6465 3a20 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 de: color_highli\n+00000de0: 6768 747f 3134 3330 3331 0a4e 6f64 653a ght.143031.Node:\n+00000df0: 2063 6f6c 6f72 5f6e 6f72 6d61 6c7f 3134 color_normal.14\n+00000e00: 3334 3531 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e 6669 3451.Node: confi\n+00000e10: 675f 6469 7265 6374 6f72 797f 3134 3532 g_directory.1452\n+00000e20: 3036 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e 6669 675f 06.Node: config_\n+00000e30: 6669 6c65 7f31 3435 3530 300a 4e6f 6465 file.145500.Node\n+00000e40: 3a20 6465 6275 677f 3134 3539 3031 0a4e : debug.145901.N\n+00000e50: 6f64 653a 2064 6566 6175 6c74 7f31 3436 ode: default.146\n+00000e60: 3837 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6661 6c6c 6261 874.Node: fallba\n+00000e70: 636b 7f31 3438 3333 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ck.148330.Node: \n+00000e80: 6766 786d 6f64 657f 3134 3836 3637 0a4e gfxmode.148667.N\n+00000e90: 6f64 653a 2067 6678 7061 796c 6f61 647f ode: gfxpayload.\n+00000ea0: 3134 3934 3937 0a4e 6f64 653a 2067 6678 149497.Node: gfx\n+00000eb0: 7465 726d 5f66 6f6e 747f 3135 3036 3837 term_font.150687\n+00000ec0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2067 7275 625f 6370 757f .Node: grub_cpu.\n+00000ed0: 3135 3039 3935 0a4e 6f64 653a 2067 7275 150995.Node: gru\n+00000ee0: 625f 706c 6174 666f 726d 7f31 3531 3239 b_platform.15129\n+00000ef0: 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6963 6f6e 6469 727f 5.Node: icondir.\n+00000f00: 3135 3135 3939 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 616e 151599.Node: lan\n+00000f10: 677f 3135 3139 3230 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c g.151920.Node: l\n+00000f20: 6f63 616c 655f 6469 727f 3135 3234 3035 ocale_dir.152405\n+00000f30: 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e7f .Node: lockdown.\n+00000f40: 3135 3239 3130 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 656e 152910.Node: men\n+00000f50: 755f 636f 6c6f 725f 6869 6768 6c69 6768 u_color_highligh\n+00000f60: 747f 3135 3331 3536 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d t.153156.Node: m\n+00000f70: 656e 755f 636f 6c6f 725f 6e6f 726d 616c enu_color_normal\n+00000f80: 7f31 3533 3635 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 .153658.Node: ne\n+00000f90: 745f 3c49 4e54 4552 4641 4345 3e5f 626f t__bo\n+00000fa0: 6f74 5f66 696c 657f 3135 3431 3637 0a4e ot_file.154167.N\n+00000fb0: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ode: net__clientid.15\n+00000fd0: 3434 3032 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 4402.Node: net_<\n+00000fe0: 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e 5f63 6c69 656e INTERFACE>_clien\n+00000ff0: 7475 7569 647f 3135 3436 3434 0a4e 6f64 tuuid.154644.Nod\n+00001000: 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 e: net__dhcp_server_n\n+00001020: 616d 657f 3135 3438 3937 0a4e 6f64 653a ame.154897.Node:\n+00001030: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00001040: 5f64 6f6d 6169 6e7f 3135 3531 3630 0a4e _domain.155160.N\n+00001050: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 ode: net__extensionsp\n+00001070: 6174 687f 3135 3534 3037 0a4e 6f64 653a ath.155407.Node:\n+00001080: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00001090: 5f68 6f73 746e 616d 657f 3135 3536 3632 _hostname.155662\n+000010a0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 .Node: net__ip.155901\n+000010c0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 .Node: net__mac.15611\n+000010e0: 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 3c49 4e54 7.Node: net__next_ser\n+00001100: 7665 727f 3135 3633 3338 0a4e 6f64 653a ver.156338.Node:\n+00001110: 206e 6574 5f3c 494e 5445 5246 4143 453e net_\n+00001120: 5f72 6f6f 7470 6174 687f 3135 3635 3831 _rootpath.156581\n+00001130: 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 .Node: net_defau\n+00001140: 6c74 5f69 6e74 6572 6661 6365 7f31 3536 lt_interface.156\n+00001150: 3832 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 820.Node: net_de\n+00001160: 6661 756c 745f 6970 7f31 3537 3034 300a fault_ip.157040.\n+00001170: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6661 756c Node: net_defaul\n+00001180: 745f 6d61 637f 3135 3732 3337 0a4e 6f64 t_mac.157237.Nod\n+00001190: 653a 206e 6574 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f73 e: net_default_s\n+000011a0: 6572 7665 727f 3135 3734 3333 0a4e 6f64 erver.157433.Nod\n+000011b0: 653a 2070 6167 6572 7f31 3537 3632 360a e: pager.157626.\n+000011c0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7072 6566 6978 7f31 3537 Node: prefix.157\n+000011d0: 3838 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7078 655f 626c 886.Node: pxe_bl\n+000011e0: 6b73 697a 657f 3135 3833 3433 0a4e 6f64 ksize.158343.Nod\n+000011f0: 653a 2070 7865 5f64 6566 6175 6c74 5f67 e: pxe_default_g\n+00001200: 6174 6577 6179 7f31 3538 3532 300a 4e6f ateway.158520.No\n+00001210: 6465 3a20 7078 655f 6465 6661 756c 745f de: pxe_default_\n+00001220: 7365 7276 6572 7f31 3538 3732 350a 4e6f server.158725.No\n+00001230: 6465 3a20 726f 6f74 7f31 3538 3932 310a de: root.158921.\n+00001240: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7368 696d 5f6c 6f63 6b7f Node: shim_lock.\n+00001250: 3135 3934 3831 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 7570 159481.Node: sup\n+00001260: 6572 7573 6572 737f 3135 3937 3532 0a4e erusers.159752.N\n+00001270: 6f64 653a 2074 6865 6d65 7f31 3630 3030 ode: theme.16000\n+00001280: 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7469 6d65 6f75 747f 5.Node: timeout.\n+00001290: 3136 3033 3330 0a4e 6f64 653a 2074 696d 160330.Node: tim\n+000012a0: 656f 7574 5f73 7479 6c65 7f31 3630 3939 eout_style.16099\n+000012b0: 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7470 6d5f 6661 696c 1.Node: tpm_fail\n+000012c0: 5f66 6174 616c 7f31 3631 3431 350a 4e6f _fatal.161415.No\n+000012d0: 6465 3a20 456e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 de: Environment \n+000012e0: 626c 6f63 6b7f 3136 3231 3030 0a4e 6f64 block.162100.Nod\n+000012f0: 653a 204d 6f64 756c 6573 7f31 3633 3535 e: Modules.16355\n+00001300: 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 626c 697f 3136 3338 6.Node: bli.1638\n+00001310: 3431 0a4e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6d 6d61 6e64 41.Node: Command\n+00001320: 737f 3136 3438 3230 0a4e 6f64 653a 204d s.164820.Node: M\n+00001330: 656e 752d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2063 6f6d enu-specific com\n+00001340: 6d61 6e64 737f 3136 3537 3039 0a4e 6f64 mands.165709.Nod\n+00001350: 653a 206d 656e 7565 6e74 7279 7f31 3636 e: menuentry.166\n+00001360: 3432 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7375 626d 656e 428.Node: submen\n+00001370: 757f 3136 3830 3137 0a4e 6f64 653a 204c u.168017.Node: L\n+00001380: 6f61 6465 7220 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 7f31 oader commands.1\n+00001390: 3638 3535 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6368 6169 68550.Node: chai\n+000013a0: 6e6c 6f61 6465 727f 3137 3130 3436 0a4e nloader.171046.N\n+000013b0: 6f64 653a 2069 6e69 7472 647f 3137 3137 ode: initrd.1717\n+000013c0: 3339 0a4e 6f64 653a 2069 6e69 7472 6431 39.Node: initrd1\n+000013d0: 367f 3137 3339 3335 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6.173935.Node: l\n+000013e0: 696e 7578 7f31 3734 3534 310a 4e6f 6465 inux.174541.Node\n+000013f0: 3a20 6c69 6e75 7831 367f 3137 3534 3438 : linux16.175448\n+00001400: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2078 656e 5f68 7970 6572 .Node: xen_hyper\n+00001410: 7669 736f 727f 3137 3631 3533 0a4e 6f64 visor.176153.Nod\n+00001420: 653a 2078 656e 5f6d 6f64 756c 657f 3137 e: xen_module.17\n+00001430: 3635 3937 0a4e 6f64 653a 2047 656e 6572 6597.Node: Gener\n+00001440: 616c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 737f 3137 3730 al commands.1770\n+00001450: 3938 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6572 6961 6c7f 98.Node: serial.\n+00001460: 3137 3735 3438 0a4e 6f64 653a 2074 6572 177548.Node: ter\n+00001470: 6d69 6e61 6c5f 696e 7075 747f 3137 3936 minal_input.1796\n+00001480: 3830 0a4e 6f64 653a 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 80.Node: termina\n+00001490: 6c5f 6f75 7470 7574 7f31 3830 3335 300a l_output.180350.\n+000014a0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7465 726d 696e 666f 7f31 Node: terminfo.1\n+000014b0: 3831 3032 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6d6d 81021.Node: Comm\n+000014c0: 616e 642d 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 and-line command\n+000014d0: 737f 3138 3233 3038 0a4e 6f64 653a 205b s.182308.Node: [\n+000014e0: 7f31 3837 3434 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6163 .187445.Node: ac\n+000014f0: 7069 7f31 3837 3631 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 pi.187616.Node: \n+00001500: 6175 7468 656e 7469 6361 7465 7f31 3838 authenticate.188\n+00001510: 3838 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 636b 6772 888.Node: backgr\n+00001520: 6f75 6e64 5f63 6f6c 6f72 7f31 3839 3330 ound_color.18930\n+00001530: 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 636b 6772 6f75 8.Node: backgrou\n+00001540: 6e64 5f69 6d61 6765 7f31 3839 3937 300a nd_image.189970.\n+00001550: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6261 6472 616d 7f31 3930 Node: badram.190\n+00001560: 3531 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 626c 6f63 6b6c 511.Node: blockl\n+00001570: 6973 747f 3139 3138 3836 0a4e 6f64 653a ist.191886.Node:\n+00001580: 2062 6f6f 747f 3139 3231 3035 0a4e 6f64 boot.192105.Nod\n+00001590: 653a 2063 6174 7f31 3932 3431 320a 4e6f e: cat.192412.No\n+000015a0: 6465 3a20 636c 6561 727f 3139 3333 3839 de: clear.193389\n+000015b0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6d6f 7363 6c65 616e .Node: cmosclean\n+000015c0: 7f31 3933 3535 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d .193552.Node: cm\n+000015d0: 6f73 6475 6d70 7f31 3933 3834 310a 4e6f osdump.193841.No\n+000015e0: 6465 3a20 636d 6f73 7465 7374 7f31 3934 de: cmostest.194\n+000015f0: 3132 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 636d 707f 3139 121.Node: cmp.19\n+00001600: 3434 3634 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 6f6e 6669 4464.Node: confi\n+00001610: 6766 696c 657f 3139 3532 3139 0a4e 6f64 gfile.195219.Nod\n+00001620: 653a 2063 7075 6964 7f31 3935 3633 330a e: cpuid.195633.\n+00001630: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6372 637f 3139 3632 3031 Node: crc.196201\n+00001640: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2063 7279 7074 6f6d 6f75 .Node: cryptomou\n+00001650: 6e74 7f31 3936 3436 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 nt.196468.Node: \n+00001660: 6375 746d 656d 7f31 3938 3733 380a 4e6f cutmem.198738.No\n+00001670: 6465 3a20 6461 7465 7f31 3939 3630 360a de: date.199606.\n+00001680: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6465 7669 6365 7472 6565 Node: devicetree\n+00001690: 7f32 3030 3133 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6469 .200135.Node: di\n+000016a0: 7374 7275 7374 7f32 3030 3636 320a 4e6f strust.200662.No\n+000016b0: 6465 3a20 6472 6976 656d 6170 7f32 3031 de: drivemap.201\n+000016c0: 3434 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6563 686f 7f32 448.Node: echo.2\n+000016d0: 3032 3238 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6566 6974 02285.Node: efit\n+000016e0: 6578 746d 6f64 657f 3230 3332 3630 0a4e extmode.203260.N\n+000016f0: 6f64 653a 2065 7661 6c7f 3230 3534 3934 ode: eval.205494\n+00001700: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2065 7870 6f72 747f 3230 .Node: export.20\n+00001710: 3537 3639 0a4e 6f64 653a 2066 616c 7365 5769.Node: false\n+00001720: 7f32 3036 3036 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6677 .206069.Node: fw\n+00001730: 7365 7475 707f 3230 3633 3538 0a4e 6f64 setup.206358.Nod\n+00001740: 653a 2067 6462 696e 666f 7f32 3036 3730 e: gdbinfo.20670\n+00001750: 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6765 7474 6578 747f 7.Node: gettext.\n+00001760: 3230 3732 3436 0a4e 6f64 653a 2067 7074 207246.Node: gpt\n+00001770: 7379 6e63 7f32 3037 3639 320a 4e6f 6465 sync.207692.Node\n+00001780: 3a20 6861 6c74 7f32 3038 3633 340a 4e6f : halt.208634.No\n+00001790: 6465 3a20 6861 7368 7375 6d7f 3230 3930 de: hashsum.2090\n+000017a0: 3134 0a4e 6f64 653a 2068 656c 707f 3231 14.Node: help.21\n+000017b0: 3033 3135 0a4e 6f64 653a 2068 6578 6475 0315.Node: hexdu\n+000017c0: 6d70 7f32 3130 3736 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 mp.210768.Node: \n+000017d0: 696e 736d 6f64 7f32 3131 3338 350a 4e6f insmod.211385.No\n+000017e0: 6465 3a20 6b65 7973 7461 7475 737f 3231 de: keystatus.21\n+000017f0: 3135 3931 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6973 745f 1591.Node: list_\n+00001800: 656e 767f 3231 3232 3136 0a4e 6f64 653a env.212216.Node:\n+00001810: 206c 6973 745f 7472 7573 7465 647f 3231 list_trusted.21\n+00001820: 3235 3731 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6f61 645f 2571.Node: load_\n+00001830: 656e 767f 3231 3331 3437 0a4e 6f64 653a env.213147.Node:\n+00001840: 206c 6f61 6466 6f6e 747f 3231 3438 3333 loadfont.214833\n+00001850: 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 6f6f 7062 6163 6b7f .Node: loopback.\n+00001860: 3231 3531 3937 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 737f 215197.Node: ls.\n+00001870: 3231 3537 3839 0a4e 6f64 653a 206c 7366 215789.Node: lsf\n+00001880: 6f6e 7473 7f32 3136 3331 360a 4e6f 6465 onts.216316.Node\n+00001890: 3a20 6c73 6d6f 647f 3231 3634 3833 0a4e : lsmod.216483.N\n+000018a0: 6f64 653a 206d 6435 7375 6d7f 3231 3636 ode: md5sum.2166\n+000018b0: 3538 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 6f64 756c 657f 58.Node: module.\n+000018c0: 3231 3639 3330 0a4e 6f64 653a 206d 756c 216930.Node: mul\n+000018d0: 7469 626f 6f74 7f32 3137 3232 370a 4e6f tiboot.217227.No\n+000018e0: 6465 3a20 6e61 7469 7665 6469 736b 7f32 de: nativedisk.2\n+000018f0: 3138 3332 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e6f 726d 18325.Node: norm\n+00001900: 616c 7f32 3138 3730 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 al.218709.Node: \n+00001910: 6e6f 726d 616c 5f65 7869 747f 3231 3934 normal_exit.2194\n+00001920: 3737 0a4e 6f64 653a 2070 6172 7474 6f6f 77.Node: parttoo\n+00001930: 6c7f 3231 3937 3834 0a4e 6f64 653a 2070 l.219784.Node: p\n+00001940: 6173 7377 6f72 647f 3232 3133 3131 0a4e assword.221311.N\n+00001950: 6f64 653a 2070 6173 7377 6f72 645f 7062 ode: password_pb\n+00001960: 6b64 6632 7f32 3231 3537 380a 4e6f 6465 kdf2.221578.Node\n+00001970: 3a20 706c 6169 6e6d 6f75 6e74 7f32 3231 : plainmount.221\n+00001980: 3938 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 706c 6169 6e6d 981.Node: plainm\n+00001990: 6f75 6e74 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 7f32 ount-Footnotes.2\n+000019a0: 3235 3734 330a 5265 663a 2070 6c61 696e 25743.Ref: plain\n+000019b0: 6d6f 756e 742d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 mount-Footnote-1\n+000019c0: 7f32 3235 3830 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 706c .225808.Node: pl\n+000019d0: 6179 7f32 3235 3839 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ay.225899.Node: \n+000019e0: 7072 6f62 657f 3232 3636 3237 0a4e 6f64 probe.226627.Nod\n+000019f0: 653a 2072 646d 7372 7f32 3237 3039 380a e: rdmsr.227098.\n+00001a00: 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 6164 7f32 3237 3837 Node: read.22787\n+00001a10: 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 626f 6f74 7f32 0.Node: reboot.2\n+00001a20: 3238 3331 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7265 6765 28313.Node: rege\n+00001a30: 7870 7f32 3238 3438 310a 4e6f 6465 3a20 xp.228481.Node: \n+00001a40: 726d 6d6f 647f 3232 3930 3133 0a4e 6f64 rmmod.229013.Nod\n+00001a50: 653a 2073 6176 655f 656e 767f 3232 3931 e: save_env.2291\n+00001a60: 3931 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6561 7263 687f 91.Node: search.\n+00001a70: 3233 3032 3038 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 656e 230208.Node: sen\n+00001a80: 646b 6579 7f32 3331 3832 320a 4e6f 6465 dkey.231822.Node\n+00001a90: 3a20 7365 747f 3233 3833 3336 0a4e 6f64 : set.238336.Nod\n+00001aa0: 653a 2073 6861 3173 756d 7f32 3338 3734 e: sha1sum.23874\n+00001ab0: 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7368 6132 3536 7375 8.Node: sha256su\n+00001ac0: 6d7f 3233 3930 3236 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 m.239026.Node: s\n+00001ad0: 6861 3531 3273 756d 7f32 3339 3331 380a ha512sum.239318.\n+00001ae0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 736c 6565 707f 3233 3936 Node: sleep.2396\n+00001af0: 3038 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6d62 696f 737f 08.Node: smbios.\n+00001b00: 3234 3031 3231 0a4e 6f64 653a 2073 6f75 240121.Node: sou\n+00001b10: 7263 657f 3234 3331 3835 0a4e 6f64 653a rce.243185.Node:\n+00001b20: 2074 6573 747f 3234 3337 3331 0a4e 6f64 test.243731.Nod\n+00001b30: 653a 2074 7275 657f 3234 3636 3035 0a4e e: true.246605.N\n+00001b40: 6f64 653a 2074 7275 7374 7f32 3436 3838 ode: trust.24688\n+00001b50: 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 756e 7365 747f 3234 4.Node: unset.24\n+00001b60: 3736 3837 0a4e 6f64 653a 2076 6572 6966 7687.Node: verif\n+00001b70: 795f 6465 7461 6368 6564 7f32 3437 3838 y_detached.24788\n+00001b80: 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 7669 6465 6f69 6e66 6.Node: videoinf\n+00001b90: 6f7f 3234 3839 3330 0a4e 6f64 653a 2077 o.248930.Node: w\n+00001ba0: 726d 7372 7f32 3439 3139 330a 4e6f 6465 rmsr.249193.Node\n+00001bb0: 3a20 4e65 7477 6f72 6b69 6e67 2063 6f6d : Networking com\n+00001bc0: 6d61 6e64 737f 3234 3939 3639 0a4e 6f64 mands.249969.Nod\n+00001bd0: 653a 206e 6574 5f61 6464 5f61 6464 727f e: net_add_addr.\n+00001be0: 3235 3130 3432 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 251042.Node: net\n+00001bf0: 5f61 6464 5f64 6e73 7f32 3531 3536 360a _add_dns.251566.\n+00001c00: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6164 645f 726f Node: net_add_ro\n+00001c10: 7574 657f 3235 3138 3432 0a4e 6f64 653a ute.251842.Node:\n+00001c20: 206e 6574 5f62 6f6f 7470 7f32 3532 3337 net_bootp.25237\n+00001c30: 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 0.Node: net_del_\n+00001c40: 6164 6472 7f32 3532 3733 350a 4e6f 6465 addr.252735.Node\n+00001c50: 3a20 6e65 745f 6465 6c5f 646e 737f 3235 : net_del_dns.25\n+00001c60: 3239 3735 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f64 2975.Node: net_d\n+00001c70: 656c 5f72 6f75 7465 7f32 3533 3232 320a el_route.253222.\n+00001c80: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 6468 6370 7f32 Node: net_dhcp.2\n+00001c90: 3533 3435 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 53456.Node: net_\n+00001ca0: 6765 745f 6468 6370 5f6f 7074 696f 6e7f get_dhcp_option.\n+00001cb0: 3235 3535 3331 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 255531.Node: net\n+00001cc0: 5f69 7076 365f 6175 746f 636f 6e66 7f32 _ipv6_autoconf.2\n+00001cd0: 3536 3033 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 56032.Node: net_\n+00001ce0: 6c73 5f61 6464 727f 3235 3634 3537 0a4e ls_addr.256457.N\n+00001cf0: 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 6361 7264 ode: net_ls_card\n+00001d00: 737f 3235 3637 3035 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e s.256705.Node: n\n+00001d10: 6574 5f6c 735f 646e 737f 3235 3639 3431 et_ls_dns.256941\n+00001d20: 0a4e 6f64 653a 206e 6574 5f6c 735f 726f .Node: net_ls_ro\n+00001d30: 7574 6573 7f32 3537 3137 320a 4e6f 6465 utes.257172.Node\n+00001d40: 3a20 6e65 745f 6e73 6c6f 6f6b 7570 7f32 : net_nslookup.2\n+00001d50: 3537 3337 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 6e65 745f 57379.Node: net_\n+00001d60: 7365 745f 766c 616e 7f32 3537 3638 340a set_vlan.257684.\n+00001d70: 4e6f 6465 3a20 556e 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 Node: Undocument\n+00001d80: 6564 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 737f 3235 3831 ed commands.2581\n+00001d90: 3437 0a4e 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 6572 6e61 47.Node: Interna\n+00001da0: 7469 6f6e 616c 6973 6174 696f 6e7f 3236 tionalisation.26\n+00001db0: 3338 3539 0a4e 6f64 653a 2053 6563 7572 3859.Node: Secur\n+00001dc0: 6974 797f 3237 3036 3939 0a4e 6f64 653a ity.270699.Node:\n+00001dd0: 2041 7574 6865 6e74 6963 6174 696f 6e20 Authentication \n+00001de0: 616e 6420 6175 7468 6f72 6973 6174 696f and authorisatio\n+00001df0: 6e7f 3237 3132 3735 0a4e 6f64 653a 2055 n.271275.Node: U\n+00001e00: 7369 6e67 2064 6967 6974 616c 2073 6967 sing digital sig\n+00001e10: 6e61 7475 7265 737f 3237 3434 3731 0a4e natures.274471.N\n+00001e20: 6f64 653a 2055 4546 4920 7365 6375 7265 ode: UEFI secure\n+00001e30: 2062 6f6f 7420 616e 6420 7368 696d 7f32 boot and shim.2\n+00001e40: 3737 3833 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5365 6375 77837.Node: Secu\n+00001e50: 7265 2042 6f6f 7420 4164 7661 6e63 6564 re Boot Advanced\n+00001e60: 2054 6172 6765 7469 6e67 7f32 3739 3031 Targeting.27901\n+00001e70: 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d65 6173 7572 6564 6.Node: Measured\n+00001e80: 2042 6f6f 747f 3238 3030 3535 0a4e 6f64 Boot.280055.Nod\n+00001e90: 653a 204c 6f63 6b64 6f77 6e7f 3238 3230 e: Lockdown.2820\n+00001ea0: 3537 0a4e 6f64 653a 2050 6c61 7466 6f72 57.Node: Platfor\n+00001eb0: 6d20 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 737f 3238 m limitations.28\n+00001ec0: 3235 3538 0a4e 6f64 653a 2050 6c61 7466 2558.Node: Platf\n+00001ed0: 6f72 6d2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206f 7065 orm-specific ope\n+00001ee0: 7261 7469 6f6e 737f 3239 3035 3637 0a4e rations.290567.N\n+00001ef0: 6f64 653a 2053 7570 706f 7274 6564 206b ode: Supported k\n+00001f00: 6572 6e65 6c73 7f32 3931 3635 380a 4e6f ernels.291658.No\n+00001f10: 6465 3a20 5472 6f75 626c 6573 686f 6f74 de: Troubleshoot\n+00001f20: 696e 677f 3239 3932 3935 0a4e 6f64 653a ing.299295.Node:\n+00001f30: 2047 5255 4220 6f6e 6c79 206f 6666 6572 GRUB only offer\n+00001f40: 7320 6120 7265 7363 7565 2073 6865 6c6c s a rescue shell\n+00001f50: 7f32 3939 3536 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4669 .299564.Node: Fi\n+00001f60: 726d 7761 7265 2073 7461 6c6c 7320 696e rmware stalls in\n+00001f70: 7374 6561 6420 6f66 2062 6f6f 7469 6e67 stead of booting\n+00001f80: 2047 5255 427f 3330 3337 3933 0a4e 6f64 GRUB.303793.Nod\n+00001f90: 653a 2055 7365 722d 7370 6163 6520 7574 e: User-space ut\n+00001fa0: 696c 6974 6965 737f 3330 3434 3234 0a4e ilities.304424.N\n+00001fb0: 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 ode: Invoking gr\n+00001fc0: 7562 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 7f33 3035 3135 ub-install.30515\n+00001fd0: 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 5.Node: Invoking\n+00001fe0: 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 636f 6e66 6967 7f33 grub-mkconfig.3\n+00001ff0: 3037 3337 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 766f 07378.Node: Invo\n+00002000: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7061 7373 king grub-mkpass\n+00002010: 7764 2d70 626b 6466 327f 3330 3830 3630 wd-pbkdf2.308060\n+00002020: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 .Node: Invoking \n+00002030: 6772 7562 2d6d 6b72 656c 7061 7468 7f33 grub-mkrelpath.3\n+00002040: 3038 3737 320a 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 766f 08772.Node: Invo\n+00002050: 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6b 7265 7363 king grub-mkresc\n+00002060: 7565 7f33 3039 3539 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 ue.309594.Node: \n+00002070: 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d 6d6f Invoking grub-mo\n+00002080: 756e 747f 3331 3134 3532 0a4e 6f64 653a unt.311452.Node:\n+00002090: 2049 6e76 6f6b 696e 6720 6772 7562 2d70 Invoking grub-p\n+000020a0: 726f 6265 7f33 3134 3630 360a 4e6f 6465 robe.314606.Node\n+000020b0: 3a20 496e 766f 6b69 6e67 2067 7275 622d : Invoking grub-\n+000020c0: 7363 7269 7074 2d63 6865 636b 7f33 3137 script-check.317\n+000020d0: 3336 390a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4f62 7461 696e 369.Node: Obtain\n+000020e0: 696e 6720 616e 6420 4275 696c 6469 6e67 ing and Building\n+000020f0: 2047 5255 427f 3331 3831 3236 0a4e 6f64 GRUB.318126.Nod\n+00002100: 653a 2052 6570 6f72 7469 6e67 2062 7567 e: Reporting bug\n+00002110: 737f 3331 3933 3731 0a4e 6f64 653a 2046 s.319371.Node: F\n+00002120: 7574 7572 657f 3332 3231 3935 0a4e 6f64 uture.322195.Nod\n+00002130: 653a 2043 6f70 7969 6e67 2054 6869 7320 e: Copying This \n+00002140: 4d61 6e75 616c 7f33 3232 3539 350a 4e6f Manual.322595.No\n+00002150: 6465 3a20 474e 5520 4672 6565 2044 6f63 de: GNU Free Doc\n+00002160: 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 204c 6963 656e umentation Licen\n+00002170: 7365 7f33 3232 3832 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 se.322823.Node: \n+00002180: 496e 6465 787f 3334 3532 3135 0a1f 0a45 Index.345215...E\n+00002190: 6e64 2054 6167 2054 6162 6c65 0a0a 1f0a nd Tag Table....\n+000021a0: 4c6f 6361 6c20 5661 7269 6162 6c65 733a Local Variables:\n+000021b0: 0a63 6f64 696e 673a 2075 7466 2d38 0a45 .coding: utf-8.E\n+000021c0: 6e64 3a0a nd:.\n"}]}]}]}]}]}