{"diffoscope-json-version": 1, "source1": "/srv/reproducible-results/rbuild-debian/r-b-build.n6PnKCy0/b1/debian-policy_4.7.2.0_amd64.changes", "source2": "/srv/reproducible-results/rbuild-debian/r-b-build.n6PnKCy0/b2/debian-policy_4.7.2.0_amd64.changes", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "Files", "source2": "Files", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@\n \n ea7a18143a3c440fa0a278138c639006 443944 doc optional debian-policy-ja_4.7.2.0_all.deb\n 5f0c601b9f68c959558a9f1b6ec12dc6 437016 doc optional debian-policy-zh-cn_4.7.2.0_all.deb\n- 2ecef28a601c7c2646e67cf5c645e6d0 2408288 doc optional debian-policy_4.7.2.0_all.deb\n+ 355462e8926bdb181712cb497e52fe37 2441848 doc optional debian-policy_4.7.2.0_all.deb\n"}, {"source1": "debian-policy_4.7.2.0_all.deb", "source2": "debian-policy_4.7.2.0_all.deb", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 4 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 debian-binary\n -rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 3632 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 control.tar.xz\n--rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 2404464 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 data.tar.xz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 0 0 2438024 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 data.tar.xz\n"}, {"source1": "control.tar.xz", "source2": "control.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "control.tar", "source2": "control.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./control", "source2": "./control", "unified_diff": "@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@\n Package: debian-policy\n Version: 4.7.2.0\n Architecture: all\n Maintainer: Debian Policy Editors \n-Installed-Size: 4677\n+Installed-Size: 4709\n Recommends: libjs-jquery (>= 3.6.0), libjs-sphinxdoc (>= 8.1), sphinx-rtd-theme-common (>= 3.0.2+dfsg)\n Suggests: doc-base\n Built-Using: sphinx (= 8.1.3-5)\n Section: doc\n Priority: optional\n Multi-Arch: foreign\n Homepage: https://www.debian.org/doc/devel-manuals#policy\n"}, {"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "./md5sums", "source2": "./md5sums", "comments": ["Files differ"], "unified_diff": null}]}]}]}, {"source1": "data.tar.xz", "source2": "data.tar.xz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "data.tar", "source2": "data.tar", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "file list", "source2": "file list", "unified_diff": "@@ -108,15 +108,15 @@\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 93609 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/ch-source.html\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 6934 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/genindex.html\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 65409 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/index.html\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4932 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/objects.inv\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 6487 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/search.html\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 102968 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/searchindex.js\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 135207 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/upgrading-checklist.html\n--rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 900966 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.pdf.gz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 926622 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.pdf.gz\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 150850 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.txt.gz\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 23779 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/upgrading-checklist.txt.gz\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 4713 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/virtual-package-names-list.yaml.gz\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc-base/\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 419 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc-base/debian-policy.autopkgtest\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 520 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc-base/debian-policy.copyright-format-1.0\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 517 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc-base/debian-policy.debconf-spec\n@@ -127,15 +127,15 @@\n drwxr-xr-x 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/info/\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 27052 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/info/debian-policy-install-conffiles.png\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 23405 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/info/debian-policy-install.png\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 16992 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/info/debian-policy-purge.png\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 32427 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/info/debian-policy-remove-purge.png\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 23345 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/info/debian-policy-remove.png\n -rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 88057 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/info/debian-policy-upgrade.png\n--rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 169481 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/info/debian-policy.info.gz\n+-rw-r--r-- 0 root (0) root (0) 176264 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/info/debian-policy.info.gz\n lrwxrwxrwx 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/_static/css/badge_only.css -> ../../../../../sphinx_rtd_theme/static/css/badge_only.css\n lrwxrwxrwx 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/_static/css/theme.css -> ../../../../../sphinx_rtd_theme/static/css/theme.css\n lrwxrwxrwx 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/_static/doctools.js -> ../../../../javascript/sphinxdoc/1.0/doctools.js\n lrwxrwxrwx 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/_static/fonts/Lato-Bold.ttf -> ../../../../../sphinx_rtd_theme/static/fonts/Lato-Bold.ttf\n lrwxrwxrwx 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/_static/fonts/Lato-Bold.woff2 -> ../../../../../sphinx_rtd_theme/static/fonts/Lato-Bold.woff2\n lrwxrwxrwx 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/_static/fonts/Lato-BoldItalic.ttf -> ../../../../../sphinx_rtd_theme/static/fonts/Lato-BoldItalic.ttf\n lrwxrwxrwx 0 root (0) root (0) 0 2025-02-27 06:35:02.000000 ./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.html/_static/fonts/Lato-BoldItalic.woff2 -> ../../../../../sphinx_rtd_theme/static/fonts/Lato-BoldItalic.woff2\n"}, {"source1": "./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.pdf.gz", "source2": "./usr/share/doc/debian-policy/policy.pdf.gz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "policy.pdf", "source2": "policy.pdf", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "pdftotext {} -", "source2": "pdftotext {} -", "unified_diff": "@@ -25,729 +25,767 @@\n 4\n 4\n 4\n 5\n 5\n 6\n \n-2 Binary packages\n-2.1 The package name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.1.1 Packages with potentially offensive content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.2 The version of a package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.2.1 Version numbers based on dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.2.2 Uniqueness of version numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.3 The maintainer of a package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.4 The description of a package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.4.1 The single line synopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.4.2 The extended description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.5 Dependencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.6 Virtual packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.7 Base system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.8 Essential packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.9 Maintainer Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-2.9.1 Prompting in maintainer scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+2 The Debian Archive\n+2.1 The Debian Free Software Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+2.2 Archive areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+2.2.1 The main archive area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+2.2.2 The non-free-firmware archive area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+2.2.3 The contrib archive area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+2.2.4 The non-free archive area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+2.3 Copyright considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+2.4 Sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+2.5 Priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n \n 7\n 7\n-7\n-7\n-8\n 8\n 8\n 9\n 9\n 9\n-9\n-10\n-10\n 10\n 11\n 11\n \n-3 Source packages\n-3.1 Standards conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-3.2 Package relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-3.3 Changes to the upstream sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-3.4 Debian changelog: debian/changelog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-3.5 Copyright: debian/copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-3.6 Error trapping in makefiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-3.7 Time Stamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-3.8 Restrictions on objects in source packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-3.9 Main building script: debian/rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-3.9.1 debian/rules and DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-3.9.2 debian/rules and Rules-Requires-Root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3 Binary packages\n+3.1 The package name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.1.1 Packages with potentially offensive content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.2 The version of a package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.2.1 Version numbers based on dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.2.2 Uniqueness of version numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.3 The maintainer of a package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.4 The description of a package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.4.1 The single line synopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.4.2 The extended description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.5 Dependencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.6 Virtual packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.7 Base system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.8 Essential packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.9 Maintainer Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+3.9.1 Prompting in maintainer scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n \n 13\n 13\n+13\n+13\n+14\n 14\n 14\n 15\n+15\n+15\n+15\n+16\n 16\n 16\n 17\n 17\n-17\n-20\n-21\n+\n+4 Source packages\n+\n+19\n \n i\n \n-\f3.10\n-3.11\n-3.12\n-3.13\n-3.14\n-3.15\n-3.16\n-3.17\n+\f4.1\n+4.2\n+4.3\n+4.4\n+4.5\n+4.6\n+4.7\n+4.8\n+4.9\n \n+Standards conformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Package relationships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Changes to the upstream sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Debian changelog: debian/changelog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Copyright: debian/copyright . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Error trapping in makefiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Time Stamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Restrictions on objects in source packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Main building script: debian/rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+4.9.1 debian/rules and DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+4.9.2 debian/rules and Rules-Requires-Root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n Variable substitutions: debian/substvars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n Upstream source location: debian/watch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n Generated files list: debian/files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n Embedded code copies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n Source package handling: debian/README.source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n Reproducibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n Missing sources: debian/missing-sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n Vendor-specific patch series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n \n-22\n+19\n+20\n+20\n+21\n 22\n 22\n 23\n 23\n 23\n-24\n-24\n-\n-4 Control files and their fields\n-4.1 Syntax of control files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.2 Debian source package template control files \u2013 debian/control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.3 Debian binary package control files \u2013 DEBIAN/control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.4 Debian source package control files \u2013 .dsc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.5 Debian upload changes control files \u2013 .changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6 List of fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.1 Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.2 Maintainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.3 Uploaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.4 Changed-By . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.5 Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.6 Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.7 Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.8 Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.9 Essential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.10 Package interrelationship fields: Depends, Pre-Depends, Recommends, Suggests,\n-Breaks, Conflicts, Provides, Replaces, Enhances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.11 Standards-Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.12 Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.12.1 Epochs should be used sparingly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.12.2 Special version conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.13 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.14 Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.15 Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.16 Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.17 Urgency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.18 Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.19 Binary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.20 Installed-Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.21 Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.22 Closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.23 Homepage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.24 Checksums-Sha1 and Checksums-Sha256 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.25 DM-Upload-Allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.26 Version Control System (VCS) fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.27 Package-List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.28 Package-Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.29 Dgit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.30 Testsuite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.31 Rules-Requires-Root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.31.1 Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.31.2 Definition of the keywords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.6.31.3 Provided keywords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.7 User-defined fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-\n-25\n-25\n 26\n 27\n 28\n 28\n+28\n 29\n 29\n 29\n-29\n-30\n 30\n 30\n-30\n-30\n-31\n \n-ii\n+5 Control files and their fields\n+5.1 Syntax of control files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.2 Debian source package template control files \u2013 debian/control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.3 Debian binary package control files \u2013 DEBIAN/control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.4 Debian source package control files \u2013 .dsc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.5 Debian upload changes control files \u2013 .changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6 List of fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.1 Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.2 Maintainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.3 Uploaders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.4 Changed-By . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.5 Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.6 Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.7 Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.8 Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.9 Essential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.10 Package interrelationship fields: Depends, Pre-Depends, Recommends, Suggests,\n+Breaks, Conflicts, Provides, Replaces, Enhances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.11 Standards-Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.12 Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.12.1 Epochs should be used sparingly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.12.2 Special version conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.13 Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.14 Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.15 Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.16 Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.17 Urgency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.18 Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.19 Binary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.20 Installed-Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.21 Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.22 Closes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.23 Homepage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.24 Checksums-Sha1 and Checksums-Sha256 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n \n 31\n 31\n-31\n 32\n 33\n 34\n+34\n 35\n 35\n 35\n 35\n 36\n 36\n 36\n 36\n+36\n+37\n+\n+4.10\n+4.11\n+4.12\n+4.13\n+4.14\n+4.15\n+4.16\n+4.17\n+\n+ii\n+\n 37\n 37\n 37\n 38\n-38\n-39\n-39\n-39\n-39\n 39\n 40\n-40\n-40\n 41\n-\n-\f4.8\n-\n-Obsolete fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-4.8.1 DM-Upload-Allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-\n 41\n 41\n-\n-5 Package maintainer scripts and installation procedure\n-5.1 Introduction to package maintainer scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-5.2 Maintainer scripts idempotency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-5.3 Controlling terminal for maintainer scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-5.4 Exit status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-5.5 Summary of ways maintainer scripts are called . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-5.6 Details of unpack phase of installation or upgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-5.7 Details of configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-5.8 Details of removal and/or configuration purging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-\n+41\n+42\n+42\n+42\n+42\n 43\n 43\n 43\n+\n+\f5.6.25\n+5.6.26\n+5.6.27\n+5.6.28\n+5.6.29\n+5.6.30\n+5.6.31\n+\n+DM-Upload-Allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Version Control System (VCS) fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Package-List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Package-Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Dgit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Testsuite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Rules-Requires-Root . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.31.1 Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.31.2 Definition of the keywords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.6.31.3 Provided keywords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+User-defined fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Obsolete fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.8.1 DM-Upload-Allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+\n 44\n 44\n-44\n+45\n+45\n+45\n+45\n+45\n+46\n 46\n+46\n+47\n+47\n+47\n+\n+6 Package maintainer scripts and installation procedure\n+6.1 Introduction to package maintainer scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+6.2 Maintainer scripts idempotency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+6.3 Controlling terminal for maintainer scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+6.4 Exit status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+6.5 Summary of ways maintainer scripts are called . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+6.6 Details of unpack phase of installation or upgrade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+6.7 Details of configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+6.8 Details of removal and/or configuration purging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+\n+49\n 49\n 49\n+50\n+50\n+50\n+52\n+55\n+55\n \n-6 Declaring relationships between packages\n-51\n-6.1 Syntax of relationship fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51\n-6.2 Binary Dependencies - Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Enhances, Pre-Depends . . . . . . . 52\n-6.3 Packages which break other packages - Breaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54\n-6.4 Conflicting binary packages - Conflicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55\n-6.5 Virtual packages - Provides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56\n-6.6 Overwriting files and replacing packages - Replaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57\n-6.6.1 Overwriting files in other packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57\n-6.6.2 Replacing whole packages, forcing their removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57\n-6.7 Relationships between source and binary packages - Build-Depends, Build-Depends-Indep,\n-Build-Depends-Arch, Build-Conflicts, Build-Conflicts-Indep, Build-Conflicts-Arch 58\n-6.8 Additional source packages used to build the binary - Built-Using . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59\n-7 Shared libraries\n-7.1 Run-time shared libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.1.1 ldconfig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.2 Shared library support files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.3 Static libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.4 Development files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.5 Dependencies between the packages of the same library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.6 Dependencies between the library and other packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.6.1 Generating dependencies on shared libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.6.2 Shared library ABI changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.6.3 The symbols system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.6.3.1 The symbols files present on the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.6.3.2 The symbols File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.6.3.3 Providing a symbols file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.6.4 The shlibs system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.6.4.1 The shlibs files present on the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.6.4.2 The shlibs File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-7.6.4.3 Providing a shlibs file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+5.7\n+5.8\n \n-61\n-61\n-62\n-63\n-63\n-63\n-64\n-64\n-64\n-65\n-66\n-66\n+7 Declaring relationships between packages\n+57\n+7.1 Syntax of relationship fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57\n+7.2 Binary Dependencies - Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Enhances, Pre-Depends . . . . . . . 58\n+7.3 Packages which break other packages - Breaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60\n+7.4 Conflicting binary packages - Conflicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61\n+7.5 Virtual packages - Provides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62\n+7.6 Overwriting files and replacing packages - Replaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63\n+7.6.1 Overwriting files in other packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63\n+7.6.2 Replacing whole packages, forcing their removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63\n+7.7 Relationships between source and binary packages - Build-Depends, Build-Depends-Indep,\n+Build-Depends-Arch, Build-Conflicts, Build-Conflicts-Indep, Build-Conflicts-Arch 64\n+7.8 Additional source packages used to build the binary - Built-Using . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65\n+8 Shared libraries\n+8.1 Run-time shared libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.1.1 ldconfig . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.2 Shared library support files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.3 Static libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.4 Development files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.5 Dependencies between the packages of the same library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.6 Dependencies between the library and other packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.6.1 Generating dependencies on shared libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.6.2 Shared library ABI changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.6.3 The symbols system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.6.3.1 The symbols files present on the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.6.3.2 The symbols File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.6.3.3 Providing a symbols file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.6.4 The shlibs system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.6.4.1 The shlibs files present on the system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+8.6.4.2 The shlibs File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+\n+67\n 67\n 68\n 69\n 69\n 69\n 70\n-\n-8 The Operating System\n-8.1 File system hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.1.1 File System Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.1.2 Site-specific programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.1.3 The system-wide mail directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.1.4 /run and /run/lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.2 Users and groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.2.2 UID and GID classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.2.3 Non-existent home directories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-\n-71\n-71\n+70\n+70\n 71\n 72\n+72\n 73\n-73\n-73\n-73\n-74\n 74\n+75\n+75\n+75\n+\n iii\n \n-\f8.3\n+\f8.6.4.3\n \n-Starting system services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.3.2 Writing the scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.3.3 Interfacing with init systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.3.3.1 Managing the links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.3.3.2 Running init scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.3.4 Boot-time initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.3.5 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.4 Console messages from init.d scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.5 Cron jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.5.1 Cron job file names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.6 Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.7 Multimedia handlers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.7.1 Registration of media type handlers with desktop entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.7.2 Registration of media type handlers with mailcap entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.7.3 Providing media types to files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.8 Keyboard configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.9 Environment variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.10 Registering Documents using doc-base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.11 Alternate init systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.11.1 Event-based boot with upstart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-8.12 Signaling that a reboot is required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+Providing a shlibs file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n \n-75\n-75\n-75\n 76\n+\n+9 The Operating System\n+9.1 File system hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.1.1 File System Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.1.2 Site-specific programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.1.3 The system-wide mail directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.1.4 /run and /run/lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.2 Users and groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.2.2 UID and GID classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.2.3 Non-existent home directories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.3 Starting system services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.3.2 Writing the scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.3.3 Interfacing with init systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.3.3.1 Managing the links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.3.3.2 Running init scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.3.4 Boot-time initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.3.5 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.4 Console messages from init.d scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.5 Cron jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.5.1 Cron job file names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.6 Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.7 Multimedia handlers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.7.1 Registration of media type handlers with desktop entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.7.2 Registration of media type handlers with mailcap entries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.7.3 Providing media types to files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.8 Keyboard configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.9 Environment variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.10 Registering Documents using doc-base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.11 Alternate init systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.11.1 Event-based boot with upstart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+9.12 Signaling that a reboot is required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+\n+77\n 77\n 77\n-78\n-78\n-78\n 78\n 79\n 79\n-80\n-80\n+79\n+79\n 80\n 80\n 81\n+81\n+81\n 82\n-82\n-82\n-82\n-82\n-\n-9 Files\n-9.1 Binaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.2 Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.3 Shared libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.4 Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.5 Symbolic links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.6 Device files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.7 Configuration files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.7.1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.7.2 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.7.3 Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.7.4 Sharing configuration files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.7.5 User configuration files (\u201cdotfiles\u201d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.8 Log files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.9 Locale files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.10 Permissions and owners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.10.1 The use of dpkg-statoverride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-9.11 File names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-\n 83\n 83\n 84\n+84\n+84\n+84\n 85\n 85\n 86\n-87\n-87\n+86\n+86\n+86\n 87\n 88\n 88\n 88\n+88\n+88\n+\n+10 Files\n+10.1 Binaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.2 Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.3 Shared libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.4 Scripts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.5 Symbolic links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.6 Device files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.7 Configuration files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.7.1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.7.2 Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.7.3 Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.7.4 Sharing configuration files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.7.5 User configuration files (\u201cdotfiles\u201d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.8 Log files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.9 Locale files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.10 Permissions and owners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.10.1 The use of dpkg-statoverride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+10.11 File names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+\n 89\n 89\n 90\n-90\n+91\n 91\n 92\n-\n-10 Customized programs\n-10.1 Architecture specification strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.1.1 Architecture wildcards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.2 Daemons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.3 Using pseudo-ttys and modifying wtmp, utmp and lastlog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.4 Editors and pagers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.5 Web servers and applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.6 Mail transport, delivery and user agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.7 News system configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.8 Programs for the X Window System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.8.1 Providing X support and package priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.8.2 Packages providing an X server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-\n-93\n-93\n 93\n 93\n 93\n 94\n 94\n+94\n+95\n 95\n 96\n 96\n-96\n-96\n+97\n+98\n \n iv\n \n-\f10.8.3 Packages providing a terminal emulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.8.4 Packages providing a window manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.8.5 Packages providing fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.8.6 Application defaults files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.8.7 Installation directory issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.9 Perl programs and modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.10 Emacs lisp programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-10.11 Games . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+\f11 Customized programs\n+11.1 Architecture specification strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.1.1 Architecture wildcards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.2 Daemons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.3 Using pseudo-ttys and modifying wtmp, utmp and lastlog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.4 Editors and pagers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.5 Web servers and applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.6 Mail transport, delivery and user agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.7 News system configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.8 Programs for the X Window System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.8.1 Providing X support and package priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.8.2 Packages providing an X server . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.8.3 Packages providing a terminal emulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.8.4 Packages providing a window manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.8.5 Packages providing fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.8.6 Application defaults files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.8.7 Installation directory issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.9 Perl programs and modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.10 Emacs lisp programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+11.11 Games . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n \n-97\n-97\n-97\n-98\n 99\n 99\n 99\n 99\n-\n-11 Documentation\n-11.1 Manual pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-11.2 Info documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-11.3 Additional documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-11.4 Preferred documentation formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-11.5 Copyright information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-11.5.1 Machine-readable copyright information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-11.6 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-11.7 Changelog files and release notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-\n-101\n+99\n+100\n+100\n 101\n 102\n 102\n+102\n+102\n+103\n 103\n 103\n 104\n-104\n-104\n+105\n+105\n+105\n+105\n \n-12 Introduction and scope of these appendices\n+12 Documentation\n+12.1 Manual pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+12.2 Info documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+12.3 Additional documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+12.4 Preferred documentation formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+12.5 Copyright information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+12.5.1 Machine-readable copyright information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+12.6 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+12.7 Changelog files and release notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n \n 107\n-\n-13 Binary packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n-13.1 Creating package files - dpkg-deb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-13.2 Binary package metadata files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-13.3 The binary package control file: control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-13.4 Time Stamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-\n+107\n+108\n+108\n 109\n 109\n 110\n 110\n 110\n \n-14 Source packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n-14.1 Tools for processing source packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.1.1 dpkg-source - packs and unpacks Debian source packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.1.2 dpkg-buildpackage - overall package-building control script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.1.3 dpkg-gencontrol - generates binary package control files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.1.4 dpkg-shlibdeps - calculates shared library dependencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.1.5 dpkg-distaddfile - adds a file to debian/files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.1.6 dpkg-genchanges - generates a .changes upload control file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.1.7 dpkg-parsechangelog - produces parsed representation of a changelog . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.1.8 dpkg-architecture - information about the build and host system . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.2 The Debian package source tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.2.1 debian/rules - the main building script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.2.2 debian/substvars and variable substitutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.2.3 debian/files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.2.4 debian/tmp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.3 Source packages as archives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.4 Unpacking a Debian source package without dpkg-source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-14.4.1 Restrictions on objects in source packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+13 Introduction and scope of these appendices\n \n-111\n-111\n-111\n-111\n-112\n-112\n-112\n-112\n-112\n-113\n-113\n-113\n-113\n 113\n-113\n-113\n-114\n-114\n \n-15 Control files and their fields (from old Packaging Manual)\n-15.1 Syntax of control files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-15.2 List of fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-15.2.1 Filename and MSDOS-Filename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-15.2.2 Size and MD5sum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-15.2.3 Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-15.2.4 Config-Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-15.2.5 Conffiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-15.2.6 Obsolete fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+14 Binary packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n+14.1 Creating package files - dpkg-deb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+14.2 Binary package metadata files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+14.3 The binary package control file: control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+14.4 Time Stamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+\n+115\n+115\n+116\n+116\n+116\n+\n+15 Source packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n+15.1 Tools for processing source packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.1.1 dpkg-source - packs and unpacks Debian source packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.1.2 dpkg-buildpackage - overall package-building control script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.1.3 dpkg-gencontrol - generates binary package control files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.1.4 dpkg-shlibdeps - calculates shared library dependencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.1.5 dpkg-distaddfile - adds a file to debian/files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.1.6 dpkg-genchanges - generates a .changes upload control file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.1.7 dpkg-parsechangelog - produces parsed representation of a changelog . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.1.8 dpkg-architecture - information about the build and host system . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.2 The Debian package source tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.2.1 debian/rules - the main building script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.2.2 debian/substvars and variable substitutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.2.3 debian/files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.2.4 debian/tmp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+15.3 Source packages as archives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n \n-117\n-117\n 117\n 117\n 117\n 117\n 118\n 118\n 118\n-v\n-\n-\f16 Configuration file handling (from old Packaging Manual)\n+118\n+118\n 119\n-16.1 Automatic handling of configuration files by dpkg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119\n-16.2 Fully-featured maintainer script configuration handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120\n-17 Alternative versions of an interface - update-alternatives (from old Packaging Manual)\n-\n-121\n+119\n+119\n+119\n+119\n+119\n+119\n+v\n \n-18 Diversions - overriding a package\u2019s version of a file (from old Packaging Manual)\n+\f15.4 Unpacking a Debian source package without dpkg-source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120\n+15.4.1 Restrictions on objects in source packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120\n+16 Control files and their fields (from old Packaging Manual)\n+16.1 Syntax of control files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+16.2 List of fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+16.2.1 Filename and MSDOS-Filename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+16.2.2 Size and MD5sum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+16.2.3 Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+16.2.4 Config-Version . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+16.2.5 Conffiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+16.2.6 Obsolete fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n \n 123\n+123\n+123\n+123\n+123\n+123\n+124\n+124\n+124\n \n-19 Debian Policy changes process\n-19.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-19.2 Change Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-19.3 Current Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-19.3.1 State A: More information required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-19.3.2 State B: Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-19.3.3 State C: Proposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-19.3.4 State D: Wording proposed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-19.3.5 State E: Seconded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-19.3.6 State F: Accepted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-19.3.7 State G: Reject . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-19.4 Other Tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-\n+17 Configuration file handling (from old Packaging Manual)\n 125\n-125\n-125\n-125\n-126\n-126\n-126\n-126\n-126\n-127\n-127\n+17.1 Automatic handling of configuration files by dpkg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125\n+17.2 Fully-featured maintainer script configuration handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126\n+18 Alternative versions of an interface - update-alternatives (from old Packaging Manual)\n+\n 127\n \n-20 Maintainer script flowcharts\n+19 Diversions - overriding a package\u2019s version of a file (from old Packaging Manual)\n \n 129\n \n-21 Upgrading checklist\n-21.1 About the checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.2 Version 4.7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.3 Version 4.7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.4 Version 4.7.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.5 Version 4.6.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.6 Version 4.6.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.7 Version 4.6.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.8 Version 4.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.9 Version 4.5.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.10 Version 4.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.11 Version 4.4.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.12 Version 4.3.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.13 Version 4.2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.14 Version 4.2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.15 Version 4.1.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.16 Version 4.1.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.17 Version 4.1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.18 Version 4.1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.19 Version 4.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.20 Version 4.1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.21 Version 4.0.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.22 Version 4.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.23 Version 3.9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.24 Version 3.9.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.25 Version 3.9.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.26 Version 3.9.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.27 Version 3.9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.28 Version 3.9.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.29 Version 3.9.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.30 Version 3.9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.31 Version 3.9.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+20 Debian Policy changes process\n+20.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+20.2 Change Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+20.3 Current Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+20.3.1 State A: More information required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+20.3.2 State B: Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+20.3.3 State C: Proposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+20.3.4 State D: Wording proposed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+20.3.5 State E: Seconded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+20.3.6 State F: Accepted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+20.3.7 State G: Reject . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+20.4 Other Tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+\n+131\n+131\n+131\n+131\n+132\n+132\n+132\n+132\n+132\n+133\n+133\n+133\n+\n+21 Maintainer script flowcharts\n \n 135\n-135\n-135\n-136\n-136\n-137\n-137\n-137\n-137\n-138\n-138\n-139\n-139\n-140\n-140\n-140\n+\n+22 Upgrading checklist\n+22.1 About the checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.2 Version 4.7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.3 Version 4.7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.4 Version 4.7.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.5 Version 4.6.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.6 Version 4.6.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.7 Version 4.6.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.8 Version 4.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.9 Version 4.5.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.10 Version 4.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.11 Version 4.4.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.12 Version 4.3.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.13 Version 4.2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.14 Version 4.2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.15 Version 4.1.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.16 Version 4.1.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.17 Version 4.1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.18 Version 4.1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+\n 141\n 141\n 141\n 142\n 142\n 143\n 143\n-145\n+143\n+143\n+144\n+144\n 145\n 145\n 146\n+146\n+146\n+147\n 147\n 147\n-148\n-149\n-150\n \n vi\n \n-\f21.32 Version 3.8.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.33 Version 3.8.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.34 Version 3.8.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.35 Version 3.8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.36 Version 3.8.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.37 Version 3.7.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.38 Version 3.7.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.39 Version 3.7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.40 Version 3.7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.41 Version 3.7.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.42 Version 3.6.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.43 Version 3.6.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.44 Version 3.6.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.45 Version 3.5.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.46 Version 3.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.47 Version 3.5.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.48 Version 3.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.49 Version 3.5.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.50 Version 3.5.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.51 Version 3.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.52 Version 3.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.53 Version 3.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.54 Version 3.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.55 Version 3.5.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.56 Version 3.2.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.57 Version 3.2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.58 Version 3.2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.59 Version 3.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.60 Version 3.1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.61 Version 3.0.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.62 Version 3.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.63 Version 2.5.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.64 Version 2.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.65 Version 2.4.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.66 Version 2.3.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.67 Version 2.2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.68 Version 2.1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.69 Version 2.1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.70 Version 2.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n-21.71 Version 2.1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+\f22.19 Version 4.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.20 Version 4.1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.21 Version 4.0.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.22 Version 4.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.23 Version 3.9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.24 Version 3.9.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.25 Version 3.9.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.26 Version 3.9.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.27 Version 3.9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.28 Version 3.9.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.29 Version 3.9.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.30 Version 3.9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.31 Version 3.9.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.32 Version 3.8.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.33 Version 3.8.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.34 Version 3.8.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.35 Version 3.8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.36 Version 3.8.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.37 Version 3.7.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.38 Version 3.7.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.39 Version 3.7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.40 Version 3.7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.41 Version 3.7.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.42 Version 3.6.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.43 Version 3.6.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.44 Version 3.6.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.45 Version 3.5.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.46 Version 3.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.47 Version 3.5.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.48 Version 3.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.49 Version 3.5.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.50 Version 3.5.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.51 Version 3.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.52 Version 3.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.53 Version 3.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.54 Version 3.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.55 Version 3.5.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.56 Version 3.2.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.57 Version 3.2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.58 Version 3.2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.59 Version 3.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.60 Version 3.1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.61 Version 3.0.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.62 Version 3.0.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.63 Version 2.5.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.64 Version 2.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.65 Version 2.4.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.66 Version 2.3.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.67 Version 2.2.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.68 Version 2.1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.69 Version 2.1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.70 Version 2.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n+22.71 Version 2.1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n \n-152\n+148\n+148\n+149\n+149\n+151\n+151\n+151\n 152\n 153\n 153\n 154\n 155\n 156\n-156\n-156\n-156\n-157\n-157\n-157\n-158\n 158\n 158\n 159\n 159\n-159\n-160\n-160\n 160\n 161\n-161\n-161\n-161\n-161\n 162\n 162\n+162\n+162\n+163\n 163\n 163\n 164\n 164\n 164\n 165\n 165\n+165\n 166\n 166\n 166\n-166\n+167\n+167\n+167\n+167\n+167\n+168\n+168\n+169\n+169\n+170\n+170\n+170\n+171\n+171\n+172\n+172\n+172\n+172\n \n-22 License\n+vii\n \n-167\n+\f23 License\n \n-Index\n+173\n \n-169\n+Index\n \n-vii\n+175\n \n-\fviii\n+viii\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n This manual describes the policy requirements for the Debian distribution. This includes the structure and contents of\n the Debian archive and several design issues of the operating system, as well as technical requirements that each package\n must satisfy to be included in the distribution.\n This is Debian Policy version 4.7.2.0, released on 2025-02-27.\n@@ -914,14 +952,277 @@\n \n Chapter 1. About this manual\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n TWO\n \n+THE DEBIAN ARCHIVE\n+\n+The Debian system is maintained and distributed as a collection of packages. Since there are so many of them (currently\n+well over 15000), they are split into sections and given priorities to simplify the handling of them.\n+The effort of the Debian project is to build a free operating system, but not every package we want to make accessible is\n+free in our sense (see the Debian Free Software Guidelines, below), or may be imported/exported without restrictions.\n+Thus, the archive is split into areas1 based on their licenses and other restrictions.\n+The aims of this are:\n+\u2022 to allow us to make as much software available as we can\n+\u2022 to allow us to encourage everyone to write free software, and\n+\u2022 to allow us to make it easy for people to produce CD-ROMs of our system without violating any licenses, import/export restrictions, or any other laws.\n+The main archive area forms the Debian distribution.\n+Packages in the other archive areas (non-free-firmware, contrib, non-free) are not considered to be part of the\n+Debian distribution, although we support their use and provide infrastructure for them (such as our bug-tracking system\n+and mailing lists). This Debian Policy Manual applies to these packages as well.\n+\n+2.1 The Debian Free Software Guidelines\n+The Debian Free Software Guidelines (DFSG) form our definition of \u201cfree software\u201d. These are:\n+1. Free Redistribution\n+The license of a Debian component may not restrict any party from selling or giving away the software as\n+a component of an aggregate software distribution containing programs from several different sources. The\n+license may not require a royalty or other fee for such sale.\n+2. Source Code\n+The program must include source code, and must allow distribution in source code as well as compiled form.\n+3. Derived Works\n+The license must allow modifications and derived works, and must allow them to be distributed under the\n+same terms as the license of the original software.\n+4. Integrity of The Author\u2019s Source Code\n+The license may restrict source-code from being distributed in modified form only if the license allows the\n+distribution of \u201cpatch files\u201d with the source code for the purpose of modifying the program at build time.\n+The license must explicitly permit distribution of software built from modified source code. The license may\n+require derived works to carry a different name or version number from the original software. (This is a\n+1 The Debian archive software uses the term \u201ccomponent\u201d internally and in the Release file format to refer to the division of an archive. The Debian\n+Social Contract simply refers to \u201careas.\u201d This document uses terminology similar to the Social Contract.\n+\n+7\n+\n+\fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n+\n+compromise. The Debian Project encourages all authors to not restrict any files, source or binary, from being\n+modified.)\n+5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups\n+The license must not discriminate against any person or group of persons.\n+6. No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor\n+The license must not restrict anyone from making use of the program in a specific field of endeavor. For\n+example, it may not restrict the program from being used in a business, or from being used for genetic\n+research.\n+7. Distribution of License\n+The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the program is redistributed without the need\n+for execution of an additional license by those parties.\n+8. License Must Not Be Specific to Debian\n+The rights attached to the program must not depend on the program\u2019s being part of a Debian system. If the\n+program is extracted from Debian and used or distributed without Debian but otherwise within the terms of\n+the program\u2019s license, all parties to whom the program is redistributed must have the same rights as those\n+that are granted in conjunction with the Debian system.\n+9. License Must Not Contaminate Other Software\n+The license must not place restrictions on other software that is distributed along with the licensed software.\n+For example, the license must not insist that all other programs distributed on the same medium must be free\n+software.\n+10. Example Licenses\n+The \u201cGPL,\u201d \u201cBSD,\u201d and \u201cArtistic\u201d licenses are examples of licenses that we consider free.\n+\n+2.2 Archive areas\n+2.2.1 The main archive area\n+The main archive area comprises the Debian distribution. Only the packages in this area are considered part of the\n+distribution. None of the packages in the main archive area require software outside of that area to function. Anyone\n+may use, share, modify and redistribute the packages in this archive area freely2 .\n+Every package in main must comply with the DFSG (Debian Free Software Guidelines).3\n+In addition, the packages in main\n+\u2022 must not require or recommend a package outside of main for compilation or execution (thus, the package\n+must not declare a Pre-Depends, Depends, Recommends, Build-Depends, Build-Depends-Indep, or\n+Build-Depends-Arch relationship on a non-main package unless that package is only listed as a non-default\n+alternative for a package in main),\n+\u2022 must not be so buggy that we refuse to support them, and\n+\u2022 must meet all policy requirements presented in this manual.\n+If a source package is in the main archive area, then at least one of its binary packages must be in the main archive area,\n+and each of the remaining packages must be in either the main or contrib archive area. Each binary package\u2019s archive\n+area is indicated by its Section field: see Sections.\n+Source packages in main with a mixture of main and contrib binary packages are more complex for archive tooling to\n+handle, and therefore should be limited to situations where it would be inconvenient to split the source package. If it is\n+straightforward to split the source package into a main part and a contrib part that are built separately, then those parts\n+should be represented as separate source packages.\n+2 See What Does Free Mean? for more about what we mean by free software.\n+3 Debian\u2019s FTP Masters publish a REJECT-FAQ which details the project\u2019s current working interpretation of the DFSG.\n+\n+8\n+\n+Chapter 2. The Debian Archive\n+\n+\fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n+\n+When a main source package has a mixture of main and contrib binary packages, the source package and the main\n+binary packages must follow the requirements for main packages, but the contrib binary packages may follow the weaker\n+requirements for contrib packages. In particular, source packages in main must not have build dependencies outside main,\n+but the contrib binary packages may have runtime dependencies outside main.\n+\n+2.2.2 The non-free-firmware archive area\n+The non-free-firmware archive area contains packages providing firmware needed to initialize, use or keep updated hardware required by our users, typically necessary for important functions to be available (i.e. wireless network connectivity)\n+or for fixing security defects in hardware (i.e. CPU microcode updates). Packages in this archive may not comply with\n+all of the policy requirements in this manual due to lack of source code availability, restrictions on modification or other\n+limitations.\n+Packages in non-free-firmware\n+\u2022 must not be so buggy that we refuse to support them, and\n+\u2022 must meet all policy requirements presented in this manual that it is possible for them to meet.4\n+\n+2.2.3 The contrib archive area\n+The contrib archive area contains supplemental packages intended to work with the Debian distribution, but which require\n+software outside of the distribution to either build or function.\n+Every package in contrib must comply with the DFSG.\n+In addition, the packages in contrib\n+\u2022 must not be so buggy that we refuse to support them, and\n+\u2022 must meet all policy requirements presented in this manual.\n+Examples of packages which would be included in contrib are:\n+\u2022 free packages which require contrib, non-free packages or packages which are not in our archive at all for compilation or execution, and\n+\u2022 wrapper packages or other sorts of free accessories for non-free programs.\n+If a source package is in the contrib archive area, then each of the binary packages that it produces must also be in the\n+contrib archive area.\n+\n+2.2.4 The non-free archive area\n+The non-free archive area contains supplemental packages intended to work with the Debian distribution that do not\n+comply with the DFSG or have other problems that make their distribution problematic. They may not comply with all\n+of the policy requirements in this manual due to restrictions on modifications or other limitations.\n+Packages must be placed in non-free if they are not compliant with the DFSG or are encumbered by patents or other legal\n+issues that make their distribution problematic.\n+In addition, the packages in non-free\n+\u2022 must not be so buggy that we refuse to support them, and\n+\u2022 must meet all policy requirements presented in this manual that it is possible for them to meet.4\n+If a source package is in the non-free archive area, then each of the binary packages that it produces must also be in the\n+non-free archive area.\n+4 It is possible that there are policy requirements which the package is unable to meet, for example, if the source is unavailable. These situations\n+will need to be handled on a case-by-case basis.\n+\n+2.2. Archive areas\n+\n+9\n+\n+\fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n+\n+2.3 Copyright considerations\n+Every package must be accompanied by a verbatim copy of its distribution license(s) in the file /usr/share/doc/\n+PACKAGE/copyright.\n+The copyright information for files in a package must be copied verbatim into /usr/share/doc/PACKAGE/\n+copyright, when all of the following hold:\n+1. the distribution license for those files requires that copyright information be included in all copies and/or binary\n+distributions;\n+2. the files are shipped in the binary package, either in source or compiled form; and\n+3. the form in which the files are present in the binary package does not include a plain text version of their copyright\n+notices.\n+Thus, the copyright information for files in the source package which are only part of its build process, such as autotools\n+files, need not be included in /usr/share/doc/PACKAGE/copyright, because those files do not get installed into the\n+binary package. Similarly, plain text files which include their own copyright information and are installed into the binary\n+package unmodified need not have that copyright information copied into /usr/share/doc/PACKAGE/copyright\n+However, the copyright notices for any files which are compiled into the object code shipped in the binary package must\n+all be included in /usr/share/doc/PACKAGE/copyright when the license requires that copyright information be\n+included in all copies and/or binary distributions, as most do.5\n+See Copyright information for further details.\n+We reserve the right to restrict files from being included anywhere in our archives if\n+\u2022 their use or distribution would break a law,\n+\u2022 there is an ethical conflict in their distribution or use,\n+\u2022 we would have to sign a license for them, or\n+\u2022 their distribution would conflict with other project policies.\n+Programs whose authors encourage the user to make donations are fine for the main distribution, provided that the authors\n+do not claim that not donating is immoral, unethical, illegal or something similar; in such a case they must go in non-free.\n+Packages whose copyright permission notices (or patent problems) do not even allow redistribution of binaries only, and\n+where no special permission has been obtained, must not be placed on the Debian FTP site and its mirrors at all.\n+Note that under international copyright law (this applies in the United States, too), no distribution or modification of a\n+work is allowed without an explicit notice saying so. Therefore a program without a copyright notice is copyrighted and\n+you may not do anything to it without risking being sued! Likewise if a program has a copyright notice but no statement\n+saying what is permitted then nothing is permitted.\n+Many authors are unaware of the problems that restrictive copyrights (or lack of copyright notices) can cause for the\n+users of their supposedly-free software. It is often worthwhile contacting such authors diplomatically to ask them to\n+modify their license terms. However, this can be a politically difficult thing to do and you should ask for advice on the\n+debian-legal mailing list first, as explained below.\n+When in doubt about a copyright, send mail to debian-legal@lists.debian.org. Be prepared to provide us with the copyright\n+statement. Software covered by the GPL, public domain software and BSD-like copyrights are safe; be wary of the phrases\n+\u201ccommercial use prohibited\u201d and \u201cdistribution restricted\u201d.\n+5 Licenses that are not thought to require the copying of all copyright notices into Debian\u2019s copyright file include Apache-2.0 and the Boost Software\n+License, version 1.0. Final determination as to whether a package\u2019s copyright file is sufficient lies with the FTP team.\n+To help find copyright notices you need to copy, you might try grep --color=always -Eir '(copyright|\u00a9)' * | less -R\n+\n+10\n+\n+Chapter 2. The Debian Archive\n+\n+\fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n+\n+2.4 Sections\n+The packages in the archive areas main, non-free-firmware, contrib and non-free are grouped further into sections to\n+simplify handling.\n+The archive area and section for each package should be specified in the package\u2019s Section control field (see Section).\n+However, the maintainer of the Debian archive may override this selection to ensure the consistency of the Debian\n+distribution. The Section field should be of the form:\n+\u2022 section if the package is in the main archive area,\n+\u2022 area/section if the package is in the non-free-firmware, contrib or non-free archive areas.\n+The Debian archive maintainers provide the authoritative list of sections. At present, they are: admin, cli-mono, comm,\n+database, debug, devel, doc, editors, education, electronics, embedded, fonts, games, gnome, gnu-r, gnustep, graphics,\n+hamradio, haskell, httpd, interpreters, introspection, java, javascript, kde, kernel, libdevel, libs, lisp, localization, mail,\n+math, metapackages, misc, net, news, ocaml, oldlibs, otherosfs, perl, php, python, ruby, rust, science, shells, sound, tasks,\n+tex, text, utils, vcs, video, web, x11, xfce, zope. The additional section debian-installer contains special packages used by\n+the installer and is not used for normal Debian packages.\n+For more information about the sections and their definitions, see the list of sections in unstable.\n+\n+2.5 Priorities\n+Each package must have a priority value, which is set in the metadata for the Debian archive and is also included in\n+the package\u2019s control files (see Priority). This information is used to control which packages are included in standard or\n+minimal Debian installations.\n+Most Debian packages will have a priority of optional. Priority levels other than optional are only used for packages\n+that should be included by default in a standard installation of Debian.\n+The priority of a package is determined solely by the functionality it provides directly to the user. The priority of a\n+package should not be increased merely because another higher-priority package depends on it; instead, the tools used to\n+construct Debian installations will correctly handle package dependencies. In particular, this means that C-like libraries\n+will almost never have a priority above optional, since they do not provide functionality directly to users. However,\n+as an exception, the maintainers of Debian installers may request an increase of the priority of a package to resolve\n+installation issues and ensure that the correct set of packages is included in a standard or minimal install.\n+The following priority levels are recognized by the Debian package management tools.\n+required\n+\n+Packages which are necessary for the proper functioning of the system (usually, this means that dpkg functionality\n+depends on these packages). Removing a required package may cause your system to become totally broken and\n+you may not even be able to use dpkg to put things back, so only do so if you know what you are doing.\n+Systems with only the required packages installed have at least enough functionality for the sysadmin to boot the\n+system and install more software.\n+important\n+\n+Important programs, including those which one would expect to find on any Unix-like system. If the expectation\n+is that an experienced Unix person who found it missing would say \u201cWhat on earth is going on, where is foo?\u201d,\n+it must be an important package.6 Other packages without which the system will not run well or be usable\n+must also have priority important. This does not include Emacs, the X Window System, TeX or any other large\n+applications. The important packages are just a bare minimum of commonly-expected and necessary tools.\n+standard\n+\n+These packages provide a reasonably small but not too limited character-mode system. This is what will be installed\n+by default if the user doesn\u2019t select anything else. It doesn\u2019t include many large applications.\n+6 This is an important criterion because we are trying to produce, amongst other things, a free Unix.\n+\n+2.4. Sections\n+\n+11\n+\n+\fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n+\n+Two packages that both have a priority of standard or higher must not conflict with each other.\n+optional\n+\n+This is the default priority for the majority of the archive. Unless a package should be installed by default on\n+standard Debian systems, it should have a priority of optional. Packages with a priority of optional may\n+conflict with each other.\n+extra\n+\n+This priority is deprecated. Use the optional priority instead. This priority should be treated as equivalent to\n+optional.\n+The extra priority was previously used for packages that conflicted with other packages and packages that were\n+only likely to be useful to people with specialized requirements. However, this distinction was somewhat arbitrary,\n+not consistently followed, and not useful enough to warrant the maintenance effort.\n+\n+12\n+\n+Chapter 2. The Debian Archive\n+\n+\fCHAPTER\n+\n+THREE\n+\n BINARY PACKAGES\n \n The Debian distribution is based on the Debian package management system, called dpkg. Thus, all packages in the\n Debian distribution must be provided in the .deb file format.\n A .deb package contains two sets of files: a set of files to install on the system when the package is installed, and a\n set of files that provide additional metadata about the package or which are executed when the package is installed or\n removed. This second set of files is called package metadata files. Among those files are the package maintainer scripts\n@@ -930,53 +1231,53 @@\n package\u2019s configuration files (described in Configuration files).\n There is unfortunately a collision of terminology here between control information files and files in the Debian control\n file format. Throughout this document, a control file refers to a file in the Debian control file format. These files are\n documented in Control files and their fields. Only files referred to specifically as package metadata files are the files\n included in the package metadata member (called control.tar) of the .deb file format used by binary packages.\n Most package metadata files are not in the Debian control file format.\n \n-2.1 The package name\n+3.1 The package name\n Every package must have a name that\u2019s unique within the Debian archive.\n The package name is included in the control field Package, the format of which is described in Package. The package\n name is also included as a part of the file name of the .deb file.\n \n-2.1.1 Packages with potentially offensive content\n+3.1.1 Packages with potentially offensive content\n As a maintainer you should make a judgement about whether the contents of a package is appropriate to include, whether\n it needs any kind of content warning, and whether some parts should be split out into a separate package (so that users\n who want to avoid certain parts can do so). In making these decisions you should take into account the project\u2019s views as\n expressed in our Diversity Statement.\n If you split out (potentially) offensive or disturbing material into a separate package, you should usually mark this\n in the package name by adding -offensive. For example, cowsay vs cowsay-offensive. In this situation the\n -offensive package can be Suggested by the core package(s), but should not be Recommended or Depended on.\n \n-2.2 The version of a package\n+3.2 The version of a package\n Every package has a version number recorded in its Version control file field, described in Version.\n The package management system imposes an ordering on version numbers, so that it can tell whether packages are being\n up- or downgraded and so that package system front end applications can tell whether a package it finds available is newer\n than the one installed on the system. The version number format has the most significant parts (as far as comparison is\n concerned) at the beginning.\n \n-7\n+13\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n If an upstream package has problematic version numbers they should be converted to a sane form for use in the Version\n field.\n \n-2.2.1 Version numbers based on dates\n+3.2.1 Version numbers based on dates\n In general, Debian packages should use the same version numbers as the upstream sources. However, upstream version\n numbers based on some date formats (sometimes used for development or \u201csnapshot\u201d releases) will not be ordered correctly by the package management software. For example, dpkg will consider \u201c96May01\u201d to be greater than \u201c96Dec24\u201d.\n To prevent having to use epochs for every new upstream version, the date-based portion of any upstream version number\n should be given in a way that sorts correctly: four-digit year first, followed by a two-digit numeric month, followed by a\n two-digit numeric date, possibly with punctuation between the components.\n Native Debian packages (i.e., packages which have been written especially for Debian) whose version numbers include\n dates should also follow these rules. If punctuation is desired between the date components, remember that hyphen (-)\n cannot be used in native version numbers. Period (.) is normally a good choice.\n \n-2.2.2 Uniqueness of version numbers\n+3.2.2 Uniqueness of version numbers\n The part of the version number after the epoch must not be reused for a version of the package with different contents\n once the package has been accepted into the archive, even if the version of the package previously using that part of the\n version number is no longer present in any archive suites.\n This uniqueness requirement applies to the version numbers of source packages and of binary packages, even if the source\n package producing a given binary package changes. Thus the version numbers which a binary package must not reuse\n includes the version numbers of any versions of the binary package ever accepted into the archive, under any source\n package.\n@@ -984,15 +1285,15 @@\n that for each source package name and upstream version number there exists exactly one original source archive contents\n (see Files).\n The reason for these restrictions is as follows. Epochs are not included in the names of the files that compose source packages, or in the filenames of binary packages, so reusing a version number, even if the epoch differs, results in identically\n named files with different contents. This can cause various problems.\n If you find yourself wanting to reuse the part of a version number after the epoch, you can just increment the Debian\n revision, which doesn\u2019t need to start at 1 or be consecutive.\n \n-2.3 The maintainer of a package\n+3.3 The maintainer of a package\n Every package must have a maintainer, except for orphaned packages as described below. The maintainer may be one\n person or a group of people reachable from a common email address, such as a mailing list. The maintainer is responsible\n for maintaining the Debian packaging files, evaluating and responding appropriately to reported bugs, uploading new\n versions of the package (either directly or through a sponsor), ensuring that the package is placed in the appropriate\n archive area and included in Debian releases as appropriate for the stability and utility of the package, and requesting\n removal of the package from the Debian distribution if it is no longer useful or maintainable.\n The maintainer must be specified in the Maintainer control field with their correct name and a working email address.\n@@ -1000,100 +1301,100 @@\n send automated mails regarding the package. This includes non-spam mail from the bug-tracking system, all mail from\n the Debian archive maintenance software, and other role accounts or automated processes that are commonly agreed on\n by the project.1 If one person or team maintains several packages, they should use the same form of their name and email\n address in the Maintainer fields of those packages.\n 1 A sample implementation of such a whitelist written for the Mailman mailing list management software is used for mailing lists hosted by https:\n //alioth-lists.debian.net/.\n \n-8\n+14\n \n-Chapter 2. Binary packages\n+Chapter 3. Binary packages\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n The format of the Maintainer control field is described in Maintainer.\n If the maintainer of the package is a team of people with a shared email address, the Uploaders control field must be\n present and must contain at least one human with their personal email address. See Uploaders for the syntax of that field.\n An orphaned package is one with no current maintainer. Orphaned packages should have their Maintainer control field\n set to Debian QA Group . These packages are considered maintained by the Debian\n project as a whole until someone else volunteers to take over maintenance.2\n \n-2.4 The description of a package\n+3.4 The description of a package\n Every Debian package must have a Description control field which contains a synopsis and extended description of\n the package. Technical information about the format of the Description field is in Description.\n The description should describe the package (the program) to a user (system administrator) who has never met it before\n so that they have enough information to decide whether they want to install it. This description should not just be copied\n verbatim from the program\u2019s documentation.\n Put important information first, both in the synopsis and extended description. Sometimes only the first part of the\n synopsis or of the description will be displayed. You can assume that there will usually be a way to see the whole\n extended description.\n The description should also give information about the significant dependencies and conflicts between this package and\n others, so that the user knows why these dependencies and conflicts have been declared.\n Instructions for configuring or using the package should not be included (that is what installation scripts, manual pages,\n info files, etc., are for). Copyright statements and other administrivia should not be included either (that is what the\n copyright file is for).\n \n-2.4.1 The single line synopsis\n+3.4.1 The single line synopsis\n The single line synopsis should be kept brief\u2014certainly under 80 characters.\n Do not include the package name in the synopsis line. The display software knows how to display this already, and you\n do not need to state it. Remember that in many situations the user may only see the synopsis line - make it as informative\n as you can.\n \n-2.4.2 The extended description\n+3.4.2 The extended description\n Do not try to continue the single line synopsis into the extended description. This will not work correctly when the full\n description is displayed, and makes no sense where only the summary (the single line synopsis) is available.\n The extended description should describe what the package does and how it relates to the rest of the system (in terms of,\n for example, which subsystem it is which part of).\n The description field needs to make sense to anyone, even people who have no idea about any of the things the package\n deals with.3\n \n-2.5 Dependencies\n+3.5 Dependencies\n Every package must specify the dependency information about other packages that are required for the first to work\n correctly.\n For example, a dependency entry must be provided for any shared libraries required by a dynamically-linked executable\n binary in a package.\n 2 The detailed procedure for gracefully orphaning a package can be found in the Debian Developer\u2019s Reference (see Related documents).\n 3 The blurb that comes with a program in its announcements and/or README files is rarely suitable for use in a description. It is usually aimed at\n \n people who are already in the community where the package is used.\n \n-2.4. The description of a package\n+3.4. The description of a package\n \n-9\n+15\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Packages are not required to declare any dependencies they have on other packages which are marked Essential (see\n below), and should not do so unless they depend on a particular version of that package.4\n Sometimes, unpacking one package requires that another package be first unpacked and configured. In this case, the\n depending package must specify this dependency in the Pre-Depends control field.\n You should not specify a Pre-Depends entry for a package before this has been discussed on the debian-devel mailing\n list and a consensus about doing that has been reached.\n The format of the package interrelationship control fields is described in Declaring relationships between packages.\n \n-2.6 Virtual packages\n+3.6 Virtual packages\n Sometimes, there are several packages which offer more-or-less the same functionality. In this case, it\u2019s useful to define\n a virtual package whose name describes that common functionality. (The virtual packages only exist logically, not physically; that\u2019s why they are called virtual.) The packages with this particular function will then provide the virtual package.\n Thus, any other package requiring that function can simply depend on the virtual package without having to specify all\n possible packages individually.\n All packages should use virtual package names where appropriate, and arrange to create new ones if necessary. They\n should not use virtual package names (except privately, amongst a cooperating group of packages) unless they have been\n agreed upon and appear in the list of virtual package names. (See also Virtual packages - Provides)\n The latest version of the authoritative list of virtual package names can be found in the debian-policy package. It is also\n available from the Debian web mirrors at https://www.debian.org/doc/packaging-manuals/virtual-package-names-list.\n yaml.\n The procedure for updating the list is described in the preface to the list.\n \n-2.7 Base system\n+3.7 Base system\n The base system is a minimum subset of the Debian system that is installed before everything else on a new system.\n Only very few packages are allowed to form part of the base system, in order to keep the required disk usage very small.\n The base system consists of all those packages with priority required or important. Many of them will be tagged\n essential (see below).\n \n-2.8 Essential packages\n+3.8 Essential packages\n Essential is defined as the minimal set of functionality that must be available and usable on the system at all times, even\n when packages are in the \u201cUnpacked\u201d state. Packages are tagged essential for a system using the Essential control\n field. The format of the Essential control field is described in Essential.\n Since these packages cannot be easily removed (one has to specify an extra force option to dpkg to do so), this flag must\n not be used unless absolutely necessary. A shared library package must not be tagged essential; dependencies will\n prevent its premature removal, and we need to be able to remove it when it has been superseded.\n Since dpkg will not prevent upgrading of other packages while an essential package is in an unconfigured state, all\n@@ -1102,28 +1403,28 @@\n this package must instead have explicit dependency fields as appropriate.\n 4 Essential is needed in part to avoid unresolvable dependency loops on upgrade. If packages add unnecessary dependencies on packages in this set,\n the chances that there will be an unresolvable dependency loop caused by forcing these Essential packages to be configured first before they need to be\n is greatly increased. It also increases the chances that frontends will be unable to calculate an upgrade path, even if one exists.\n Also, functionality is rarely ever removed from the Essential set, but packages have been removed from the Essential set when the functionality\n moved to a different package. So depending on these packages just in case they stop being essential does way more harm than good.\n \n-10\n+16\n \n-Chapter 2. Binary packages\n+Chapter 3. Binary packages\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Maintainers should take great care in adding any programs, interfaces, or functionality to essential packages. Packages may assume that functionality provided by essential packages is always available without declaring explicit\n dependencies, which means that removing functionality from the Essential set is very difficult and is almost never done.\n Any capability added to an essential package therefore creates an obligation to support that capability as part of the\n Essential set in perpetuity.\n You must not tag any packages essential before this has been discussed on the debian-devel mailing list and a\n consensus about doing that has been reached.\n \n-2.9 Maintainer Scripts\n+3.9 Maintainer Scripts\n The package installation scripts should avoid producing output which is unnecessary for the user to see and should rely on\n dpkg to stave off boredom on the part of a user installing many packages. This means, amongst other things, not passing\n the --verbose option to update-alternatives.\n Errors which occur during the execution of an installation script must be checked and the installation must not continue\n after an error.\n Note that in general Scripts applies to package maintainer scripts, too.\n You should not use dpkg-divert on a file belonging to another package without consulting the maintainer of that\n@@ -1143,26 +1444,26 @@\n One specific case of this rule is that configuration files used by systemd components, such as units, udev\n rules, tmpfiles.d, modules-load.d, sysusers and other such files, including those specific to systemd daemons (e.g.:\n /etc/systemd/system.conf). must not be diverted by any Debian package. Instead, use masking and drop-ins.\n Alternatives must not be used for systemd configuration files. The alternatives system does not know how to apply\n changes to services when updating alternatives, so the resulting behavior would be confusing and unpredictable. Instead,\n aliases can be used to provide alternative implementations of the same named unit.\n \n-2.9.1 Prompting in maintainer scripts\n+3.9.1 Prompting in maintainer scripts\n Package maintainer scripts may prompt the user if necessary. Prompting must be done by communicating through a\n program, such as debconf, which conforms to the Debian Configuration Management Specification, version 2 or higher.\n Packages which are essential, or which are dependencies of essential packages, may fall back on another prompting\n method if no such interface is available when they are executed.\n The Debian Configuration Management Specification is included in the debconf_specification files in the debianpolicy package. It is also available from the Debian web mirrors at https://www.debian.org/doc/packaging-manuals/\n debconf_specification.html.\n Packages which use the Debian Configuration Management Specification may contain the additional package metadata\n files config and templates. config is an additional maintainer script used for package configuration, and templates\n-2.9. Maintainer Scripts\n+3.9. Maintainer Scripts\n \n-11\n+17\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n contains templates used for user prompting. The config script might be run before the preinst script and before the\n package is unpacked or any of its dependencies or pre-dependencies are satisfied. Therefore it must work using only the\n tools present in essential packages.5\n Packages which use the Debian Configuration Management Specification must allow for translation of their user-visible\n@@ -1180,21 +1481,21 @@\n do not count as vitally important (they belong in /usr/share/doc/PACKAGE/copyright); neither do instructions on\n how to use a program (these should be in on-line documentation, where all the users can see them).\n Any necessary prompting should almost always be confined to the config or postinst script. If it is done in the\n postinst, it should be protected with a conditional so that unnecessary prompting doesn\u2019t happen if a package\u2019s installation fails and the postinst is called with abort-upgrade, abort-remove or abort-deconfigure.\n \n 5 Debconf or another tool that implements the Debian Configuration Management Specification will also be installed, and any versioned dependencies on it will be satisfied before preconfiguration begins.\n \n-12\n+18\n \n-Chapter 2. Binary packages\n+Chapter 3. Binary packages\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-THREE\n+FOUR\n \n SOURCE PACKAGES\n \n A Debian source package contains the source material used to construct one or more binary packages. A source package\n consists of a .dsc file (see Debian source package control files \u2013 .dsc), one or more compressed tar files, and possibly\n other files depending on the type and format of source package. Binary packages are contructed from the source package\n via a build process defined by debian/rules and other files in the debian directory of the unpacked source package.\n@@ -1207,31 +1508,31 @@\n The source in a non-native source package is divided into one or more upstream tar files plus a collection of Debian-specific\n files. (Depending on the format of the source package, those Debian-specific files may come in the form of another tar\n file or in the form of a compressed diff.) The version of a non-native package has an upstream component and a Debian\n component, and there may be multiple Debian package versions associated with a single upstream release version and\n sharing the same upstream source tar files.\n Most source packages in Debian are non-native.\n \n-3.1 Standards conformance\n+4.1 Standards conformance\n Source packages should specify the most recent version number of this policy document with which your package complied when it was last updated.\n The version is specified in the Standards-Version control field. The format of the Standards-Version field is\n described in Standards-Version.\n For a package to have an old Standards-Version value is not itself a bug, however. It just means that no-one has yet\n reviewed the package with changes to the standards in mind.\n When updating existing packaging, the Standards-Version must not be updated except after reviewing the changes between the old and the new versions of the standards and updating your package if necessary (the Upgrading checklist can\n help with this task).\n A very old Standards-Version can mean that infelicities in the package are likely. It is recommended that each package\n be reviewed at least once per Debian release, so a Standards-Version older than the previous Debian release is indicative\n of work (if only review work) that needs doing.\n \n-13\n+19\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-3.2 Package relationships\n+4.2 Package relationships\n Source packages should specify which binary packages they require to be installed or not to be installed in order to build\n correctly. For example, if building a package requires a certain compiler, then the compiler should be specified as a\n build-time dependency.\n It is not necessary to explicitly specify build-time relationships on a minimal set of packages that are always needed\n to compile, link and put in a Debian package a standard \u201cHello World!\u201d program written in C or C++. The required\n packages are called build-essential, and an informational list can be found in /usr/share/doc/build-essential/\n list (which is contained in the build-essential package).1\n@@ -1240,15 +1541,15 @@\n If build-time dependencies are specified, it must be possible to build the package and produce working binaries on a system\n with only essential and build-essential packages installed and also those required to satisfy the build-time relationships\n (including any implied relationships). In particular, this means that version clauses should be used rigorously in build-time\n relationships so that one cannot produce bad or inconsistently configured packages when the relationships are properly\n satisfied.\n Declaring relationships between packages explains the technical details.\n \n-3.3 Changes to the upstream sources\n+4.3 Changes to the upstream sources\n If changes to the source code are made that are not specific to the needs of the Debian system, they should be sent to the\n upstream authors in whatever form they prefer so as to be included in the upstream version of the package.\n If you need to configure the package differently for Debian or for Linux, and the upstream source doesn\u2019t provide a way\n to do so, you should add such configuration facilities (for example, a new autoconf test or #define) and send the patch\n to the upstream authors, with the default set to the way they originally had it. You can then easily override the default in\n your debian/rules or wherever is appropriate.\n You should make sure that the configure utility detects the correct architecture specification string (refer to Architecture\n@@ -1267,21 +1568,21 @@\n require installation of the build-essential packages using the depends relation.\n \u2022 The separate package allows bug reports against the list to be categorized separately from the policy management process in the BTS.\n 2 The reason for this is that dependencies change, and you should list all those packages, and only those packages that you need directly. What\n others need is their business. For example, if you only link against libimlib, you will need to build-depend on libimlib2-dev but not against any\n libjpeg* packages, even though libimlib2-dev currently depends on them: installation of libimlib2-dev will automatically ensure that all of its\n run-time dependencies are satisfied.\n \n-14\n+20\n \n-Chapter 3. Source packages\n+Chapter 4. Source packages\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-3.4 Debian changelog: debian/changelog\n+4.4 Debian changelog: debian/changelog\n Every source package must include the Debian changelog file, debian/changelog. Changes in the Debian version of\n the package should be briefly explained in this file.3 This includes modifications made in the Debian package compared\n to the upstream one as well as other changes and updates to the package.4\n The format of the debian/changelog allows the package building tools to discover which version of the package is\n being built and find out other release-specific information.\n That format is a series of entries like this:\n package (version) distribution(s); urgency=urgency\n@@ -1325,17 +1626,17 @@\n The words closes: and bug are not case sensitive.\n 6 In the case of a sponsored upload, the uploader signs the files, but the changelog maintainer name and address are those of the person who prepared\n this release. If the preparer of the release is not one of the usual maintainers of the package (as listed in the Maintainer or Uploaders control fields of\n the package), the first line of the changelog is conventionally used to explain why a non-maintainer is uploading the package. The Debian Developer\u2019s\n Reference (see Related documents) documents the conventions used.\n 7 This is the same as the format generated by date -R.\n \n-3.4. Debian changelog: debian/changelog\n+4.4. Debian changelog: debian/changelog\n \n-15\n+21\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n day-of-week, dd month yyyy hh:mm:ss +zzzz\n \n where:\n \u2022 day-of-week is one of: Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri, Sat, Sun\n@@ -1353,45 +1654,45 @@\n The first \u201ctitle\u201d line with the package name must start at the left hand margin. The \u201ctrailer\u201d line with the maintainer and\n date details must be preceded by exactly one space. The maintainer details and the date must be separated by exactly two\n spaces.\n The entire changelog must be encoded in UTF-8.\n For more information on placement of the changelog files within binary packages, please see Changelog files and release\n notes.\n \n-3.5 Copyright: debian/copyright\n+4.5 Copyright: debian/copyright\n Every package must be accompanied by a verbatim copy of its distribution license(s) in the file /usr/share/doc/\n PACKAGE/copyright.\n This file is often required to contain a verbatim copy of the package\u2019s copyright information, too; see Copyright information\n-and s-pkgcopyright for details, and for further considerations related to copyrights for packages.\n+and Copyright considerations for details, and for further considerations related to copyrights for packages.\n \n-3.6 Error trapping in makefiles\n+4.6 Error trapping in makefiles\n When make invokes a command in a makefile (including your package\u2019s upstream makefiles and debian/rules), it\n does so using sh. This means that sh\u2019s usual bad error handling properties apply: if you include a miniature script as one\n of the commands in your makefile you\u2019ll find that if you don\u2019t do anything about it then errors are not detected and make\n will blithely continue after problems.\n Every time you put more than one shell command (this includes using a loop) in a makefile command you must make\n sure that errors are trapped. For simple compound commands, such as changing directory and then running a program,\n using && rather than semicolon as a command separator is sufficient. For more complex commands including most loops\n and conditionals you should include a separate set -e command at the start of every makefile command that\u2019s actually\n one of these miniature shell scripts.\n \n-16\n+22\n \n-Chapter 3. Source packages\n+Chapter 4. Source packages\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-3.7 Time Stamps\n+4.7 Time Stamps\n Maintainers should preserve the modification times of the upstream source files in a package, as far as is reasonably\n possible.8\n \n-3.8 Restrictions on objects in source packages\n+4.8 Restrictions on objects in source packages\n The source package must not contain device special files, sockets, or setuid or setgid files.9\n \n-3.9 Main building script: debian/rules\n+4.9 Main building script: debian/rules\n This file must be an executable makefile. It contains the package-specific recipes for compiling the source (if required)\n and constructing one or more binary packages.\n debian/rules must start with the line #!/usr/bin/make -f, so that it can be invoked by saying its name rather\n than invoking make explicitly. That is, invoking either of make -f debian/rules args... or ./debian/rules\n args... must result in identical behavior.\n \n The recommended way to implement the build process of a Debian package, in the absence of a good reason to use\n@@ -1420,17 +1721,17 @@\n the binary targets may write the binary packages to the parent directory of the unpacked source package tree. Secondly,\n required targets may write to /tmp, /var/tmp and to the directory specified by the TMPDIR environment variable, but\n must not depend on the contents of any of these.\n 8 The rationale is that there is some information conveyed by knowing the age of the file, for example, you could recognize that some documentation\n is very old by looking at the modification time, so it would be nice if the modification time of the upstream source would be preserved.\n 9 Setgid directories are allowed.\n \n-3.7. Time Stamps\n+4.7. Time Stamps\n \n-17\n+23\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n This restriction is intended to prevent source package builds creating and depending on state outside of themselves, thus\n affecting multiple independent rebuilds. In particular, the required targets must not attempt to write into HOME.\n The targets are as follows:\n build (required)\n@@ -1476,17 +1777,17 @@\n building and to touch build-stamp on completion. This is especially useful if the build routine creates a file or directory called build; in such a\n case, build will need to be listed as a phony target (i.e., as a dependency of the .PHONY target). See the documentation of make for more information\n on phony targets.\n 11 This split allows binary-only builds to not install the dependencies required for the build-indep target and skip any resource-intensive build\n tasks that are only required when building architecture-independent binary packages.\n 12 The fakeroot package often allows one to build a package correctly even without being root.\n \n-18\n+24\n \n-Chapter 3. Source packages\n+Chapter 4. Source packages\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n clean (required)\n \n This must undo any effects that the build and binary targets may have had, except that it should leave alone any\n output files created in the parent directory by a run of a binary target.\n@@ -1529,24 +1830,24 @@\n TARGET for specification of the target architecture.\n Backward compatibility can be provided in the rules file by setting the needed variables to suitable default values; please\n refer to the documentation of dpkg-architecture for details.\n It is important to understand that the DEB_*_ARCH string only determines which Debian architecture we are building\n on or for. It should not be used to get the CPU or system information; the DEB_*_ARCH_CPU and DEB_*_ARCH_OS\n variables should be used for that. GNU style variables should generally only be used with upstream build systems.\n \n-3.9. Main building script: debian/rules\n+4.9. Main building script: debian/rules\n \n-19\n+25\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n The builder may set DEB_RULES_REQUIRES_ROOT environment variable when calling any of the mandatory targets as\n defined in Rules-Requires-Root. If the variable is not set, the package must behave as if it was set to binary-targets.\n \n-3.9.1 debian/rules and DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS\n+4.9.1 debian/rules and DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS\n Supporting the standardized environment variable DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS is recommended. This variable can contain\n several flags to change how a package is compiled and built. Each flag must be in the form flag or flag=options. If\n multiple flags are given, they must be separated by whitespace.13 flag must start with a lowercase letter (a-z) and consist\n only of lowercase letters, numbers (0-9), and the characters - and _ (hyphen and underscore). options must not contain\n whitespace. The same tag should not be given multiple times with conflicting values. Package maintainers may assume\n that DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS will not contain conflicting tags.\n The meaning of the following tags has been standardized:\n@@ -1601,17 +1902,17 @@\n 755\n (continues on next page)\n \n 13 Some packages support any delimiter, but whitespace is the easiest to parse inside a makefile and avoids ambiguity with flag values that contain\n commas.\n 14 Packages built with make can often implement this by passing the -jn option to make.\n \n-20\n+26\n \n-Chapter 3. Source packages\n+Chapter 4. Source packages\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n (continued from previous page)\n \n INSTALL_SCRIPT\n INSTALL_DIR\n@@ -1640,15 +1941,15 @@\n endif\n build:\n # ...\n ifeq (,$(filter nocheck,$(DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS)))\n # Code to run the package test suite.\n endif\n \n-3.9.2 debian/rules and Rules-Requires-Root\n+4.9.2 debian/rules and Rules-Requires-Root\n Depending on the value of the Rules-Requires-Root field, the package builder (e.g. dpkg-buildpackage) may run the\n debian/rules target as an unprivileged user and provide a gain root command. This command allows the debian/\n rules target to run particular subcommands under (fake)root.\n The gain root command is passed to the build script via the DEB_GAIN_ROOT_CMD environment variable. The contents\n of this variable is a space separated list, the first entry of which is the command, and the proceeding entries of which are\n arguments to the command. The gain root command must be available via PATH. The gain root command must not rely\n on shell features because it will not necessarily be invoked via a shell.\n@@ -1666,76 +1967,76 @@\n Examples of valid use of the gain root command:\n # sh-syntax (assumes set -e semantics for error handling)\n $DEB_GAIN_ROOT_CMD some-cmd --which-requires-root\n # perl\n my @cmd = ('some-cmd', '--which-requires-root');\n (continues on next page)\n \n-3.9. Main building script: debian/rules\n+4.9. Main building script: debian/rules\n \n-21\n+27\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n (continued from previous page)\n \n unshift(@cmd, split(' ', $ENV{DEB_GAIN_ROOT_CMD})) if $ENV{DEB_GAIN_ROOT_CMD};\n system(@cmd) == 0 or die(\"@cmd failed\");\n \n-3.10 Variable substitutions: debian/substvars\n+4.10 Variable substitutions: debian/substvars\n When dpkg-gencontrol generates binary package control files (DEBIAN/control), it performs variable substitutions\n on its output just before writing it. Variable substitutions have the form ${variable}. The optional file debian/\n substvars contains variable substitutions to be used; variables can also be set directly from debian/rules using the\n -V option to the source packaging commands, and certain predefined variables are also available.\n The debian/substvars file is usually generated and modified dynamically by debian/rules targets, in which case\n it must be removed by the clean target.\n See deb-substvars(5) for full details about source variable substitutions, including the format of debian/\n substvars.\n \n-3.11 Upstream source location: debian/watch\n+4.11 Upstream source location: debian/watch\n This is a configuration file for the uscan utility which defines how to automatically scan ftp or http sites for newly available\n updates of the package. This is also used by some Debian QA tools to help with quality control and maintenance of the\n distribution as a whole. If the upstream source of the package is available via a mechaism that uscan understands,\n including this configuration file is recommended.\n If the upstream maintainer of the software provides OpenPGP signatures for new releases, including the information\n required for uscan to verify signatures for new upstream releases is also recommended. To do this, use the pgpsigurlmangle option in debian/watch to specify the location of the upstream signature, and include the key or keys used\n to sign upstream releases in the Debian source package as debian/upstream/signing-key.asc.\n For more information about uscan and these options, including how to generate the file containing upstream signing\n keys, see uscan(1).\n \n-3.12 Generated files list: debian/files\n+4.12 Generated files list: debian/files\n This file is not a permanent part of the source tree; it is used while building packages to record which files are being\n generated. dpkg-genchanges uses it when it generates a .changes file.\n It should not exist in a shipped source package, and so it (and any backup files or temporary files such as files.new)15\n should be removed by the clean target. It may also be wise to ensure a fresh start by emptying or removing it at the start\n of the binary target.\n When dpkg-gencontrol is run for a binary package, it adds an entry to debian/files for the .deb file that will be\n created when dpkg-deb --build is run for that binary package. So for most packages all that needs to be done with\n this file is to delete it in the clean target.\n If a package upload includes files besides the source package and any binary packages whose control files were\n made with dpkg-gencontrol then they should be placed in the parent of the package\u2019s top-level directory and\n dpkg-distaddfile should be called to add the file to the list in debian/files.\n 15 files.new is used as a temporary file by dpkg-gencontrol and dpkg-distaddfile - they write a new version of files here before\n renaming it, to avoid leaving a corrupted copy if an error occurs.\n \n-22\n+28\n \n-Chapter 3. Source packages\n+Chapter 4. Source packages\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-3.13 Embedded code copies\n+4.13 Embedded code copies\n Some software packages include in their distribution convenience copies of code from other software packages, generally\n so that users compiling from source don\u2019t have to download multiple packages. Debian packages should not make use\n of these convenience copies unless the included package is explicitly intended to be used in this way.16 If the included\n code is already in the Debian archive in the form of a library, the Debian packaging should ensure that binary packages\n reference the libraries already in Debian and the convenience copy is not used. If the included code is not already in\n Debian, it should be packaged separately as a prerequisite if possible.17\n \n-3.14 Source package handling: debian/README.source\n+4.14 Source package handling: debian/README.source\n If running dpkg-source -x on a source package doesn\u2019t produce the source of the package, ready for editing, and allow\n one to make changes and run dpkg-buildpackage to produce a modified package without taking any additional steps,\n creating a debian/README.source documentation file is recommended. This file should explain how to do all of the\n following:\n 1. Generate the fully patched source, in a form ready for editing, that would be built to create Debian packages. Doing\n this with a patch target in debian/rules is recommended; see Main building script: debian/rules.\n 2. Modify the source and save those modifications so that they will be applied when building the package.\n@@ -1748,68 +2049,68 @@\n referenced documentation clearly explains these tasks and is not a general reference manual.\n debian/README.source may also include any other information that would be helpful to someone modifying the\n \n source package. Even if the package doesn\u2019t fit the above description, maintainers are encouraged to document in a\n debian/README.source file any source package with a particularly complex or unintuitive source layout or build\n system (for example, a package that builds the same source multiple times to generate different binary packages).\n \n-3.15 Reproducibility\n+4.15 Reproducibility\n Packages should build reproducibly, which for the purposes of this document18 means that given\n \u2022 a version of a source package unpacked at a given path;\n \u2022 a set of versions of installed build dependencies;\n \u2022 a set of environment variable values;\n \u2022 a build architecture; and\n \u2022 a host architecture,\n repeatedly building the source package for the build architecture on any machine of the host architecture with those\n versions of the build dependencies installed and exactly those environment variable values set will produce bit-for-bit\n identical binary packages.\n 16 For example, parts of the GNU build system work like this.\n 17 Having multiple copies of the same code in Debian is inefficient, often creates either static linking or shared library conflicts, and, most importantly,\n increases the difficulty of handling security vulnerabilities in the duplicated code.\n 18 This is Debian\u2019s precisification of the reproducible-builds.org definition.\n \n-3.13. Embedded code copies\n+4.13. Embedded code copies\n \n-23\n+29\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n It is recommended that packages produce bit-for-bit identical binaries even if most environment variables and build paths\n are varied. It is intended for this stricter standard to replace the above when it is easier for packages to meet it.\n \n-3.16 Missing sources: debian/missing-sources\n+4.16 Missing sources: debian/missing-sources\n Sometimes upstream does not include the source code for some files in the upstream tarball. In order to satisfy the DFSG\n for packages in main or contrib, you should either:\n 1. repack the upstream tarball to include those sources; or\n 2. include a copy of the sources in the debian/missing-sources directory.\n Package maintainers may optionally use the following convention to organize the contents of debian/\n missing-sources: for a sourceless file foo in the subdirectory bar of the upstream tarball, where the source of foo\n has extension baz, place the source at debian/missing-sources/bar/foo.baz. For example, according to this\n convention, the C source code of an executable checksum/util would be located at debian/missing-sources/\n checksum/util.c.\n \n-3.17 Vendor-specific patch series\n+4.17 Vendor-specific patch series\n Packages in the Debian archive using the 3.0 (quilt) source package format must not contain a non-default series file. That\n is, there must not exist a file debian/patches/foo.series for any foo.\n \n-24\n+30\n \n-Chapter 3. Source packages\n+Chapter 4. Source packages\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-FOUR\n+FIVE\n \n CONTROL FILES AND THEIR FIELDS\n \n The package management system manipulates data represented in a common format, known as control data, stored in\n control files. Control files are used for source packages, binary packages and the .changes files which control the\n installation of uploaded files.1\n \n-4.1 Syntax of control files\n+5.1 Syntax of control files\n A control file consists of one or more stanzas of fields.2 The stanzas are separated by empty lines. Parsers may accept\n lines consisting solely of spaces and tabs as stanza separators, but control files should use empty lines. Some control files\n allow only one stanza; others allow several, in which case each stanza usually refers to a different package. (For example,\n in source packages, the first stanza refers to the source package, and later stanzas refer to binary packages generated from\n the source.) The ordering of the stanzas in control files is significant.\n Each stanza consists of a series of data fields. Each field consists of the field name followed by a colon and then the\n data/value associated with that field. The field name is composed of US-ASCII characters excluding control characters,\n@@ -1831,15 +2132,15 @@\n type if the definition of the field does not specify a different type.\n folded\n The value of a folded field is a logical line that may span several lines. The lines after the first are called continuation\n 1 dpkg\u2019s internal databases are in a similar format.\n 2 The stanzas somtimes used to be referred to as paragraphs, but that caused confusion with text paragraphs in prose, so it is now considered a\n discouraged term.\n \n-25\n+31\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n lines and must start with a space or a tab. Whitespace, including any newlines, is not significant in the field values\n of folded fields.3\n multiline\n The value of a multiline field may comprise multiple continuation lines. The first line of the value, the part on the\n@@ -1855,15 +2156,15 @@\n field values or between fields. Empty lines in field values are usually escaped by representing them by a U+0020 SPACE\n followed by a U+002E (.).\n Lines starting with U+0023 (#), without any preceding whitespace, are comment lines that are only permitted in source\n package control files (debian/control). These comment lines are ignored, even between two continuation lines. They\n do not end logical lines.\n All control files must be encoded in UTF-8.\n \n-4.2 Debian source package template control files \u2013 debian/control\n+5.2 Debian source package template control files \u2013 debian/control\n The debian/control file contains the most vital (and version-independent) information about the source package and\n about the binary packages it creates.\n The first stanza of the control file contains information about the source package in general. The subsequent stanzas\n each describe a binary package that the source tree builds. Each binary package built from this source package has a\n corresponding stanza, except for any automatically-generated debug packages that do not require one.\n The fields in the source package stanza (the first one) are:\n \u2022 Source (mandatory)\n@@ -1877,17 +2178,17 @@\n \u2022 Version Control System (VCS) fields\n \u2022 Testsuite\n \u2022 Rules-Requires-Root\n The fields in the binary package stanzas are:\n 3 This folding method is similar to RFC 5322, allowing control files that contain only one stanza and no multiline fields to be read by parsers written\n for RFC 5322.\n \n-26\n+32\n \n-Chapter 4. Control files and their fields\n+Chapter 5. Control files and their fields\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n \u2022 Package (mandatory)\n \u2022 Architecture (mandatory)\n \u2022 Section (recommended)\n \u2022 Priority (recommended)\n@@ -1903,15 +2204,15 @@\n the .dsc source control file as part of a source archive. Some fields are folded in debian/control, but not in any other\n control file. These tools are responsible for removing the line breaks from such fields when using fields from debian/\n control to generate other control files. They are also responsible for discarding empty fields.\n The fields here may contain variable references - their values will be substituted by dpkg-gencontrol,\n See Variable substitutions: debian/substvars for details.\n dpkg-genchanges or dpkg-source when they generate output control files.\n \n-4.3 Debian binary package control files \u2013 DEBIAN/control\n+5.3 Debian binary package control files \u2013 DEBIAN/control\n The DEBIAN/control file contains the most vital (and version-dependent) information about a binary package. It\n consists of a single stanza.\n The fields in this file are:\n \u2022 Package (mandatory)\n \u2022 Source\n \u2022 Version (mandatory)\n \u2022 Section (recommended)\n@@ -1921,21 +2222,21 @@\n \u2022 Depends et al\n \u2022 Installed-Size\n \u2022 Maintainer (mandatory)\n \u2022 Description (mandatory)\n \u2022 Homepage\n \u2022 Built-Using\n \n-4.3. Debian binary package control files \u2013 DEBIAN/control\n+5.3. Debian binary package control files \u2013 DEBIAN/control\n \n-27\n+33\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-4.4 Debian source package control files \u2013 .dsc\n+5.4 Debian source package control files \u2013 .dsc\n This file consists of a single stanza, possibly surrounded by an OpenPGP signature. The fields of that stanza are listed\n below. Their syntax is described above, in Syntax of control files.\n \u2022 Format (mandatory)\n \u2022 Source (mandatory)\n \u2022 Binary\n \u2022 Architecture\n \u2022 Version (mandatory)\n@@ -1950,15 +2251,15 @@\n \u2022 Package-List (recommended)\n \u2022 Checksums-Sha1 and Checksums-Sha256 (mandatory)\n \u2022 Files (mandatory)\n The Debian source package control file is generated by dpkg-source when it builds the source archive, from other files\n in the source package, described above. When unpacking, it is checked against the files and directories in the other parts\n of the source package.\n \n-4.5 Debian upload changes control files \u2013 .changes\n+5.5 Debian upload changes control files \u2013 .changes\n The .changes files are used by the Debian archive maintenance software to process updates to packages. They consist\n of a single stanza, possibly surrounded by an OpenPGP signature. That stanza contains information from the debian/\n control file and other data about the source package gathered via debian/changelog and debian/rules.\n .changes files have a format version that is incremented whenever the documented fields or their meaning change. This\n \n document describes format 1.8.\n The fields in this file are:\n@@ -1966,84 +2267,84 @@\n \u2022 Date (mandatory)\n \u2022 Source (mandatory)\n \u2022 Binary (mandatory in some cases)\n \u2022 Architecture (mandatory)\n \u2022 Version (mandatory)\n \u2022 Distribution (mandatory)\n \n-28\n+34\n \n-Chapter 4. Control files and their fields\n+Chapter 5. Control files and their fields\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n \u2022 Urgency (recommended)\n \u2022 Maintainer (mandatory)\n \u2022 Changed-By\n \u2022 Description (mandatory in some cases)\n \u2022 Closes\n \u2022 Changes (mandatory)\n \u2022 Checksums-Sha1 and Checksums-Sha256 (mandatory)\n \u2022 Files (mandatory)\n \n-4.6 List of fields\n-4.6.1 Source\n+5.6 List of fields\n+5.6.1 Source\n This field identifies the source package name.\n In debian/control or a .dsc file, this field must contain only the name of the source package.\n In a binary package control file or a .changes file, the source package name may be followed by a version number\n in parentheses.4 This version number may be omitted (and is, by dpkg-gencontrol) if it has the same value as the\n Version field of the binary package in question. The field itself may be omitted from a binary package control file when\n the source package has the same name and version as the binary package.\n Package names (both source and binary, see Package) must consist only of lower case letters (a-z), digits (0-9), plus\n (+) and minus (-) signs, and periods (.). They must be at least two characters long and must start with an alphanumeric\n character.\n \n-4.6.2 Maintainer\n+5.6.2 Maintainer\n The package maintainer\u2019s name and email address. The name must come first, then the email address inside angle brackets\n <> (in RFC822 format).\n If the maintainer\u2019s name contains a full stop then the whole field will not work directly as an email address due to a\n misfeature in the syntax specified in RFC822; a program using this field as an address must check for this and correct\n the problem if necessary (for example by putting the name in round brackets and moving it to the end, and bringing the\n email address forward).\n See The maintainer of a package for additional requirements and information about package maintainers.\n \n-4.6.3 Uploaders\n+5.6.3 Uploaders\n List of the names and email addresses of co-maintainers of the package, if any. If the package has other maintainers\n besides the one named in the Maintainer field, their names and email addresses should be listed here. The format of each\n entry is the same as that of the Maintainer field, and multiple entries must be comma separated.\n This is normally an optional field, but if the Maintainer control field names a group of people and a shared email\n address, the Uploaders field must be present and must contain at least one human with their personal email address.\n The Uploaders field in debian/control can be folded.\n 4 It is customary to leave a space after the package name if a version number is specified.\n \n-4.6. List of fields\n+5.6. List of fields\n \n-29\n+35\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-4.6.4 Changed-By\n+5.6.4 Changed-By\n The name and email address of the person who prepared this version of the package, usually a maintainer. The syntax is\n the same as for the Maintainer field.\n \n-4.6.5 Section\n-This field specifies an application area into which the package has been classified. See s-subsections.\n+5.6.5 Section\n+This field specifies an application area into which the package has been classified. See Sections.\n When it appears in the debian/control file, it gives the value for the subfield of the same name in the Files field of\n the .changes file. It also gives the default for the same field in the binary packages.\n \n-4.6.6 Priority\n-This field represents how important it is that the user have the package installed. See s-priorities.\n+5.6.6 Priority\n+This field represents how important it is that the user have the package installed. See Priorities.\n When it appears in the debian/control file, it gives the value for the subfield of the same name in the Files field of\n the .changes file. It also gives the default for the same field in the binary packages.\n \n-4.6.7 Package\n+5.6.7 Package\n The name of the binary package.\n Binary package names must follow the same syntax and restrictions as source package names. See Source for the details.\n \n-4.6.8 Architecture\n+5.6.8 Architecture\n Depending on context and the control file used, the Architecture field can include the following sets of values:\n \u2022 A unique single word identifying a Debian machine architecture as described in Architecture specification strings.\n \u2022 An architecture wildcard identifying a set of Debian machine architectures, see Architecture wildcards. any\n matches all Debian machine architectures and is the most frequently used.\n \u2022 all, which indicates an architecture-independent package.\n \u2022 source, which indicates a source package.\n In the main debian/control file in the source package, this field may contain the special value all, the special architecture wildcard any, or a list of specific and wildcard architectures separated by spaces. If all or any appears, that\n@@ -2058,68 +2359,68 @@\n control, all may occur in combination with specific architectures. The Architecture field in the Debian source\n package control file .dsc is generally constructed from the Architecture fields in the debian/control in the source\n package.\n Specifying only any indicates that the source package isn\u2019t dependent on any particular architecture and should compile\n fine on any one. The produced binary package(s) will be specific to whatever the current build architecture is.\n Specifying only all indicates that the source package will only build architecture-independent packages.\n \n-30\n+36\n \n-Chapter 4. Control files and their fields\n+Chapter 5. Control files and their fields\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Specifying any all indicates that the source package isn\u2019t dependent on any particular architecture. The set of produced\n binary packages will include at least one architecture-dependent package and one architecture-independent package.\n Specifying a list of architectures or architecture wildcards indicates that the source will build an architecture-dependent\n package, and will only work correctly on the listed or matching architectures. If the source package also builds at least\n one architecture-independent package, all will also be included in the list.\n In a .changes file, the Architecture field lists the architecture(s) of the package(s) currently being uploaded. This\n will be a list; if the source for the package is also being uploaded, the special entry source is also present. all will\n be present if any architecture-independent packages are being uploaded. Architecture wildcards such as any must never\n occur in the Architecture field in the .changes file.\n See Main building script: debian/rules for information on how to get the architecture for the build process.\n \n-4.6.9 Essential\n+5.6.9 Essential\n This is a boolean field which may occur only in the control file of a binary package or in a binary package stanza of a\n source package template control file.\n If set to yes then the package management system will refuse to remove the package (upgrading and replacing it is still\n possible). The other possible value is no, which is the same as not having the field at all.\n \n-4.6.10 Package interrelationship fields: Depends, Pre-Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Breaks, Conflicts, Provides, Replaces, Enhances\n+5.6.10 Package interrelationship fields: Depends, Pre-Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Breaks, Conflicts, Provides, Replaces, Enhances\n These fields describe the package\u2019s relationships with other packages. Their syntax and semantics are described in Declaring relationships between packages.\n \n-4.6.11 Standards-Version\n+5.6.11 Standards-Version\n The most recent version of the standards (the policy manual and associated texts) with which the package complies. See\n Standards conformance.\n The version number has four components: major and minor version number and major and minor patch level. When the\n standards change in a way that requires every package to change the major number will be changed. Significant changes\n that will require work in many packages will be signaled by a change to the minor number. The major patch level will\n be changed for any change to the meaning of the standards, however small; the minor patch level will be changed when\n only cosmetic, typographical or other edits are made which neither change the meaning of the document nor affect the\n contents of packages.\n Thus only the first three components of the policy version are significant in the Standards-Version control field, and so\n either these three components or all four components may be specified.5\n udebs and source packages that only produce udebs do not use Standards-Version.\n \n-4.6.12 Version\n+5.6.12 Version\n The version number of a package. The format is: [epoch:]upstream_version[-debian_revision].\n The three components here are:\n epoch\n \n This is a single (generally small) unsigned integer. It may be omitted, in which case zero is assumed.\n Epochs can help when the upstream version numbering scheme changes, but they must be used with care. You\n should not change the epoch, even in experimental, without getting consensus on debian-devel first.\n 5 In the past, people specified the full version number in the Standards-Version field, for example \u201c2.3.0.0\u201d. Since minor patch-level changes don\u2019t\n introduce new policy, it was thought it would be better to relax policy and only require the first 3 components to be specified, in this example \u201c2.3.0\u201d.\n All four components may still be used if someone wishes to do so.\n \n-4.6. List of fields\n+5.6. List of fields\n \n-31\n+37\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n upstream_version\n \n This is the main part of the version number. It is usually the version number of the original (\u201cupstream\u201d) package\n from which the .deb file has been made, if this is applicable. Usually this will be in the same format as that\n@@ -2150,35 +2451,35 @@\n even the end of a part. For example, the following parts are in sorted order from earliest to latest: ~~, ~~a, ~, the empty\n part, a.7\n Then the initial part of the remainder of each string which consists entirely of digit characters is determined. The numerical values of these two parts are compared, and any difference found is returned as the result of the comparison. For\n these purposes an empty string (which can only occur at the end of one or both version strings being compared) counts\n as zero.\n These two steps (comparing and removing initial non-digit strings and initial digit strings) are repeated until a difference\n is found or both strings are exhausted.\n-4.6.12.1 Epochs should be used sparingly\n+5.6.12.1 Epochs should be used sparingly\n Note that the purpose of epochs is to cope with situations where the upstream version numbering scheme changes and to\n allow us to leave behind serious mistakes. If you think that increasing the epoch is the right solution, you should consult\n debian-devel and get consensus before doing so (even in experimental).\n Epochs should not be used when a package needs to be rolled back. In that case, use the +really convention: for\n example, if you uploaded 2.3-3 and now you need to go backwards to upstream 2.2, call your reverting upload something\n like 2.3+really2.2-1. Eventually, when we upload upstream 2.4, the +really part can go away.\n 6 Alphanumerics are A-Za-z0-9 only.\n 7 One common use of ~ is for upstream pre-releases. For example, 1.0~beta1~svn1245 sorts earlier than 1.0~beta1, which sorts earlier than\n \n 1.0.\n \n-32\n+38\n \n-Chapter 4. Control files and their fields\n+Chapter 5. Control files and their fields\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Epochs are also not intended to cope with version numbers containing strings of letters which the package management\n system cannot interpret (such as ALPHA or pre-), or with silly orderings.8\n-4.6.12.2 Special version conventions\n+5.6.12.2 Special version conventions\n The following special version numbering conventions are used in the Debian archive:\n \u2022 The absence of debian_revision, and therefore of a hyphen in the version number, indicates that the package\n is native.\n \u2022 The presence of +really in the upstream_version component indicates that a newer upstream version has been\n rolled back to an older upstream version. The part of the upstream_version component following +really is\n the true upstream version. See Epochs should be used sparingly for an example of when this is used.\n Non-maintainer uploads:\n@@ -2210,17 +2511,17 @@\n For example, suppose Debian 10 released with a package with version 1.4-5. If that package later receives a stable\n update in Debian 10 that uses the same upstream version, the first update would have the version 1.4-5+deb10u1.\n A subsequent update would have version 1.4-5+deb10u2.\n If instead the package receives a stable update based on a 1.5-1 unstable package, the first such stable update\n would have the version 1.5-1~deb10u1 and a subsequent update would have the version 1.5-1~deb10u2.\n 8 The author of this manual has heard of a package whose versions went 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1, 2.1, 2.2, 2 and so forth.\n \n-4.6. List of fields\n+5.6. List of fields\n \n-33\n+39\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n If there were no unstable 1.5-1 package, but there were a stable update to an upstream 1.5 release, the first such\n stable update would have the version 1.5-0+deb10u1.\n \u2022 upstream_version components in native packages ending in +debNuX indicate a stable update. This is a version\n of the package uploaded directly to a stable release, and the version is chosen to sort before any later version of the\n@@ -2239,15 +2540,15 @@\n revision of the backport of that package version. The rationale is the same as for stable updates, with the additional\n goal of ensuring a backported version sorts earlier than a stable update with the same upstream version.\n Be aware that the stable update and backport conventions can stack. If, for example, Debian 10 contains a package\n with version 1.4-5+deb10u1 and that package is backported to Debian 9, the version of the Debian 9 backport\n would be 1.4-5+deb10u1~bpo9u1 (although this scenario is rare).\n This list of version conventions is not exhaustive.\n \n-4.6.13 Description\n+5.6.13 Description\n In a source template control file or binary control file, the Description field contains a description of the binary\n package, consisting of two parts, the synopsis or the short description, and the long description. It is a multiline field with\n the following format:\n Description: single line synopsis\n extended description over several lines\n \n The lines in the extended description can have these formats:\n@@ -2263,48 +2564,48 @@\n \u2022 Those containing a space, a full stop and some more characters. These are for future expansion. Do not use them.\n Do not use tab characters. Their effect is not predictable.\n See The description of a package for further information on this.\n 9 Completely empty lines will not be rendered as blank lines. Instead, they will cause the parser to think you\u2019re starting a whole new record in the\n \n control file, and will therefore likely abort with an error.\n \n-34\n+40\n \n-Chapter 4. Control files and their fields\n+Chapter 5. Control files and their fields\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n In a .changes file, the Description field contains a summary of the descriptions of the binary packages being uploaded. If no binary packages are being uploaded, this field will not be present.\n When used inside a .changes file, the Description field has a different format than in source or binary control files.\n It is a multiline field with one line per binary package. The first line of the field value (the part on the same line as\n Description:) is always empty. Each subsequent line is indented by one space and contains the name of a binary\n package, a space, a hyphen (-), a space, and the short description line from that package.\n \n-4.6.14 Distribution\n+5.6.14 Distribution\n In a .changes file or parsed changelog output this contains the (space-separated) name(s) of the distribution(s) where this\n version of the package should be installed. Valid distributions are determined by the archive maintainers.10 The Debian\n archive software only supports listing a single distribution. Migration of packages to other distributions is handled outside\n of the upload process.\n \n-4.6.15 Date\n+5.6.15 Date\n This field includes the date the package was built or last edited. It must be in the same format as the date in a debian/\n changelog entry.\n The value of this field is usually extracted from the debian/changelog file - see Debian changelog: debian/changelog).\n \n-4.6.16 Format\n+5.6.16 Format\n In .changes files, this field declares the format version of that file. The syntax of the field value is the same as that of\n a package version number except that no epoch or Debian revision is allowed. The format described in this document is\n 1.8.\n In .dsc Debian source control files, this field declares the format of the source package. The field value is used by\n programs acting on a source package to interpret the list of files in the source package and determine how to unpack it.\n The syntax of the field value is a numeric major revision, a period, a numeric minor revision, and then an optional subtype\n after whitespace, which if specified is an alphanumeric word in parentheses. The subtype is optional in the syntax but\n may be mandatory for particular source format revisions.11\n \n-4.6.17 Urgency\n+5.6.17 Urgency\n This is a description of how important it is to upgrade to this version from previous ones. It consists of a single keyword\n taking one of the values low, medium, high, emergency, or critical12 (not case-sensitive) followed by an optional\n commentary (separated by a space) which is usually in parentheses. For example:\n Urgency: low (HIGH for users of diversions)\n \n The value of this field is usually extracted from the debian/changelog file - see Debian changelog: debian/changelog.\n 10 Example distribution names in the Debian archive used in .changes files are:\n@@ -2319,50 +2620,50 @@\n Others are used for updating stable releases or for security uploads. More information is available in the Debian Developer\u2019s Reference, section \u201cThe\n Debian archive\u201d.\n 11 The source formats currently supported by the Debian archive software are 1.0, 3.0 (native), and 3.0 (quilt).\n 12 Other urgency values are supported with configuration changes in the archive software but are not used in Debian. The urgency affects how quickly\n a package will be considered for inclusion into the testing distribution and gives an indication of the importance of any fixes included in the upload.\n Emergency and critical are treated as synonymous.\n \n-4.6. List of fields\n+5.6. List of fields\n \n-35\n+41\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-4.6.18 Changes\n+5.6.18 Changes\n This multiline field contains the human-readable changes data, describing the differences between the last version and the\n current one.\n The first line of the field value (the part on the same line as Changes:) is always empty. The content of the field is\n expressed as continuation lines, with each line indented by at least one space. Blank lines must be represented by a line\n consisting only of a space and a full stop (.).\n The value of this field is usually extracted from the debian/changelog file - see Debian changelog: debian/changelog.\n Each version\u2019s change information should be preceded by a \u201ctitle\u201d line giving at least the version, distribution(s) and\n urgency, in a human-readable way.\n If data from several versions is being returned the entry for the most recent version should be returned first, and entries\n should be separated by the representation of a blank line (the \u201ctitle\u201d line may also be followed by the representation of a\n blank line).\n \n-4.6.19 Binary\n+5.6.19 Binary\n This folded field is a list of binary packages. Its syntax and meaning varies depending on the control file in which it\n appears.\n When it appears in the .dsc file, it lists binary packages which a source package can produce, separated by commas13 .\n The source package does not necessarily produce all of these binary packages for every architecture. The source control\n file doesn\u2019t contain details of which architectures are appropriate for which of the binary packages.\n When it appears in a .changes file, it lists the names of the binary packages being uploaded, separated by whitespace\n (not commas). If no binary packages are being uploaded, this field will not be present.\n \n-4.6.20 Installed-Size\n+5.6.20 Installed-Size\n This field appears in the binary package control files, and in the Packages files. It gives an estimate of the total amount\n of disk space required to install the named package. Actual installed size may vary based on block size, file system\n properties, or actions taken by package maintainer scripts.\n The disk space is given as the accumulated size of each regular file and symlink rounded to 1 KiB used units, and a\n baseline of 1 KiB for any other filesystem object type.\n \n-4.6.21 Files\n+5.6.21 Files\n This field contains a list of files with information about each one. The exact information and syntax varies with the context.\n In all cases, Files is a multiline field. The first line of the field value (the part on the same line as Files:) is always\n empty. The content of the field is expressed as continuation lines, one line per file. Each line must be indented by one\n space and contain a number of sub-fields, separated by spaces, as described below.\n In the .dsc file, each line contains the MD5 checksum, size and filename of the tar file and (if applicable) diff file which\n make up the remainder of the source package.14 For example:\n Files:\n@@ -2371,17 +2672,17 @@\n \n The exact forms of the filenames are described in Source packages as archives.\n In the .changes file this contains one line per file being uploaded. Each line contains the MD5 checksum, size, section\n and priority and the filename. For example:\n 13 A space after each comma is conventional.\n 14 That is, the parts which are not the .dsc.\n \n-36\n+42\n \n-Chapter 4. Control files and their fields\n+Chapter 5. Control files and their fields\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Files:\n 4c31ab7bfc40d3cf49d7811987390357 1428 text extra example_1.2-1.dsc\n c6f698f19f2a2aa07dbb9bbda90a2754 571925 text extra example_1.2.orig.tar.gz\n 938512f08422f3509ff36f125f5873ba 6220 text extra example_1.2-1.diff.gz\n@@ -2394,23 +2695,23 @@\n file and must be installed by hand by the distribution maintainers. If the section is byhand the priority should be -.\n If a new Debian revision of a package is being shipped and no new original source archive is being distributed the .dsc\n must still contain the Files field entry for the original source archive package_upstream-version.orig.tar.gz,\n but the .changes file should leave it out. In this case the original source archive on the distribution site must match\n exactly, byte-for-byte, the original source archive which was used to generate the .dsc file and diff which are being\n uploaded.\n \n-4.6.22 Closes\n+5.6.22 Closes\n A space-separated list of bug report numbers that the upload governed by the .changes file closes.\n \n-4.6.23 Homepage\n+5.6.23 Homepage\n The URL of the web site for this package, preferably (when applicable) the site from which the original source can be\n obtained and any additional upstream documentation or information may be found. The content of this field is a simple\n URL without any surrounding characters such as <>.\n \n-4.6.24 Checksums-Sha1 and Checksums-Sha256\n+5.6.24 Checksums-Sha1 and Checksums-Sha256\n These multiline fields contain a list of files with a checksum and size for each one. Both Checksums-Sha1\n and Checksums-Sha256 have the same syntax and differ only in the checksum algorithm used: SHA-1 for\n Checksums-Sha1 and SHA-256 for Checksums-Sha256.\n Checksums-Sha1 and Checksums-Sha256 are multiline fields. The first line of the field value (the part on the same line\n as Checksums-Sha1: or Checksums-Sha256:) is always empty. The content of the field is expressed as continuation\n \n lines, one line per file. Each line consists of the checksum, a space, the file size, a space, and the file name. For example\n@@ -2425,27 +2726,27 @@\n ,\u2192dsc\n 0d123be7f51e61c4bf15e5c492b484054be7e90f3081608a5517007bfb1fd128 171602 example_1.0.\n ,\u2192orig.tar.gz\n f54ae966a5f580571ae7d9ef5e1df0bd42d63e27cb505b27957351a495bc6288 6137 example_1.0-1.\n ,\u2192debian.tar.gz\n 3bec05c03974fdecd11d020fc2e8250de8404867a8a2ce865160c250eb723664 548402 example_1.0,\u21921_i386.deb\n \n-4.6. List of fields\n+5.6. List of fields\n \n-37\n+43\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n In the .dsc file, these fields list all files that make up the source package. In the .changes file, these fields list all files\n being uploaded. The list of files in these fields must match the list of files in the Files field.\n \n-4.6.25 DM-Upload-Allowed\n+5.6.25 DM-Upload-Allowed\n Obsolete, see below.\n \n-4.6.26 Version Control System (VCS) fields\n+5.6.26 Version Control System (VCS) fields\n Debian source packages are increasingly developed using VCSs. The purpose of the following fields is to indicate a\n publicly accessible repository where the Debian source package is developed.\n Vcs-Browser\n \n URL of a web interface for browsing the repository.\n Vcs-\n \n@@ -2473,69 +2774,69 @@\n Vcs-Git: https://example.org/repo -b debian [p/package]\n \n indicates a subdirectory named p/package in the debian branch of the repository at https://example.org/\n repo.\n In the case of Mercurial, the value must have the following syntax:\n [ \" -b \" ]\n \n-38\n+44\n \n-Chapter 4. Control files and their fields\n+Chapter 5. Control files and their fields\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n This is interpreted the same way as the Git syntax except a path within the repository is not supported.\n A package control file must not have more than one Vcs- field. If the package is maintained in multiple\n version control systems, the maintainer should specify the one that they would prefer other people to use as the\n basis for proposing changes to the package.\n For both fields, any URLs given should use a scheme that provides confidentiality (https, for example, rather than http\n or git) if the VCS repository supports it.\n \n-4.6.27 Package-List\n+5.6.27 Package-List\n Multiline field listing all the packages that can be built from the source package, considering every architecture. The\n first line of the field value is empty. Each one of the next lines describes one binary package, by listing its name, type,\n section and priority separated by spaces. Fifth and subsequent space-separated items may be present and parsers must\n allow them. See the Package-Type field for a list of package types.\n \n-4.6.28 Package-Type\n+5.6.28 Package-Type\n Simple field containing a word indicating the type of package: deb for binary packages and udeb for micro binary\n packages. Other types not defined here may be indicated. In source package template control files, the Package-Type\n field should be omitted instead of giving it a value of deb, as this value is assumed for stanzas lacking this field.\n \n-4.6.29 Dgit\n+5.6.29 Dgit\n Folded field containing a single git commit hash, presented in full, followed optionally by whitespace and other data to\n be defined in future extensions.\n Declares that the source package corresponds exactly to a referenced commit in a Git repository available at the canonical\n location called dgit-repos, used by dgit, a bidirectional gateway between the Debian archive and Git. The commit is\n reachable from at least one reference whose name matches refs/dgit/*. See the manual page of dgit for further\n details.\n \n-4.6.30 Testsuite\n+5.6.30 Testsuite\n Simple field containing a comma-separated list of values allowing test execution environments to discover packages which\n provide tests.\n This field is automatically added to Debian source control files (.dsc) by dpkg, with the value autopkgtest, when a\n debian/tests/control file is present in the source package. This field may also be used in source package template\n control files (debian/control) if needed in other situations.\n \n-4.6.31 Rules-Requires-Root\n+5.6.31 Rules-Requires-Root\n Simple field that defines if the source package requires access to root (or fakeroot) during selected targets in the Main\n building script: debian/rules.\n The field can consist of exactly one of the following three items:\n \u2022 no (default): Declares that neither root nor fakeroot is required. Package builders (e.g. dpkg-buildpackage) may\n choose to invoke any target in debian/rules with an unprivileged user.\n \u2022 binary-targets (previous default): Declares that the package will need the root (or fakeroot) when either of\n the binary, binary-arch or binary-indep targets are called. This is how every tool behaved before this field\n was defined.\n \u2022 A space separated list of keywords described below. These keywords must always contain a forward slash, which\n sets them apart from the other possible values of Rules-Requires-Root. When this list is provided, the builder\n must provide a \u201cgain root command\u201d (as defined in debian/rules and Rules-Requires-Root) or pretend that the value\n \n-4.6. List of fields\n+5.6. List of fields\n \n-39\n+45\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n was set to binary-targets, and both the builder and the package\u2019s debian/rules script must downgrade\n accordingly (see below).\n The default depends on the dpkg-build-api level (see dpkg-build-api(7)). If the dpkg-build-api level is undeclared, it is\n equivalent to level 0.\n@@ -2543,21 +2844,21 @@\n environment variable DEB_RULES_REQUIRES_ROOT when invoking the package building script debian/rules. The\n value of DEB_RULES_REQUIRES_ROOT should be one of:\n \u2022 The value of Rules-Requires-Root if the builder can support that value. The builder may trim unnecessary\n whitespace used to format the field for readability.\n \u2022 The value binary-targets if it cannot support the value of Rules-Requires-Root.\n A compliant builder may also leave DEB_RULES_REQUIRES_ROOT unset or set it to binary-targets if it has been\n requested to test whether the package it builds correctly implements the fall-back for legacy builders.\n-4.6.31.1 Remarks\n+5.6.31.1 Remarks\n All packages and builders must support binary-targets as this was the historical behaviour prior to the introduction\n of this field.\n Any tool (particularly older versions of them) may be unaware of this field and behave like the field was set to\n binary-targets. The package build must gracefully cope with this and produce a semantically equivalent result.\n This field intentionally does not enable a package to request a true root over fakeroot.\n-4.6.31.2 Definition of the keywords\n+5.6.31.2 Definition of the keywords\n The keywords have the format /, where:\n \u2022 must consist entirely of printable ASCII characters except for any whitespace and the forward slash\n (/). It must consist of at least 2 characters.\n \u2022 / (between and ) is a single ASCII forward slash.\n \u2022 must consist entirely of printable ASCII characters except for any whitespace. It must consist of at least\n 2 characters.\n These keywords define where the package build script debian/rules, or the tools called by that script, will need access\n@@ -2565,68 +2866,68 @@\n In addition to the keywords defined in the next section, each tool or package may define keywords within a namespace\n named after that tool or package. The package or tool is considered to own that namespace.\n A tool is permitted to use the \u201cgain root command\u201d to do something under (fake)root if and only if the tool defines an\n appropriate keyword in its namespace, and the package lists that keyword in Rules-Requires-Root.\n All tools must ignore keywords under namespaces they do not know or own. A tool may emit a warning, or abort with\n an error, if it finds unknown keywords in namespaces it owns, but it is not required to do this for all keywords in the\n namespace.\n-4.6.31.3 Provided keywords\n+5.6.31.3 Provided keywords\n The following keywords are defined:\n \u2022 dpkg/target-subcommand: declares that there exists a command that the debian/rules file must run under\n (fake)root\n \u2022 dpkg/target/foo: declares that the additional, package-specific target foo (that is, not one of the targets specified in Main building script: debian/rules) must be run under (fake)root\n \n-40\n+46\n \n-Chapter 4. Control files and their fields\n+Chapter 5. Control files and their fields\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n This list is intentionally incomplete. You should consult the documentation of the tool or package in question for which\n keywords it defines and when they are needed.\n \n-4.7 User-defined fields\n+5.7 User-defined fields\n Additional user-defined fields may be added to the source package template control file. Such fields will be ignored, and\n not copied to (for example) binary or Debian source control files or Debian upload changes control files.\n If you wish to add additional unsupported fields to these output files you should use the mechanism described here.\n Fields in the source package template control file with names starting X, followed by one or more of the letters BCS and\n a hyphen -, will be copied to the output files. Only the part of the field name after the hyphen will be used in the output\n file. Where the letter B is used the field will appear in binary package control files, where the letter S is used in Debian\n source control files and where C is used in Debian upload changes control files.\n For example, if the source package template control file contains the field\n XBS-Comment: I stand between the candle and the star.\n \n then the binary and Debian source control files will contain the field\n Comment: I stand between the candle and the star.\n \n-4.8 Obsolete fields\n+5.8 Obsolete fields\n The following fields have been obsoleted and may be found in packages conforming with previous versions of the Policy.\n \n-4.8.1 DM-Upload-Allowed\n+5.8.1 DM-Upload-Allowed\n Indicates that Debian Maintainers may upload this package to the Debian archive. The only valid value is yes. This\n field was used to regulate uploads by Debian Maintainers, See the General Resolution Endorse the concept of Debian\n Maintainers for more details.\n \n-4.7. User-defined fields\n+5.7. User-defined fields\n \n-41\n+47\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-42\n+48\n \n-Chapter 4. Control files and their fields\n+Chapter 5. Control files and their fields\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-FIVE\n+SIX\n \n PACKAGE MAINTAINER SCRIPTS AND INSTALLATION PROCEDURE\n \n-5.1 Introduction to package maintainer scripts\n+6.1 Introduction to package maintainer scripts\n It is possible to supply scripts as part of a package which the package management system will run for you when your\n package is installed, upgraded or removed.\n These scripts are the package metadata files preinst, postinst, prerm and postrm. They must be proper executable\n files; if they are scripts (which is recommended), they must start with the usual #! convention. They should be readable\n and executable by anyone, and must not be world-writable.\n The package management system looks at the exit status from these scripts. It is important that they exit with a non-zero\n status if there is an error, so that the package management system can stop its processing. For shell scripts this means\n@@ -2642,39 +2943,39 @@\n Programs called from maintainer scripts should not normally have a path prepended to them. Before installation is started,\n the package management system checks to see if the programs ldconfig, start-stop-daemon, and update-rc.d\n can be found via the PATH environment variable. Those programs, and any other program that one would expect to be\n in the PATH, should thus be invoked without an absolute pathname. Maintainer scripts should also not reset the PATH,\n though they might choose to modify it by prepending or appending package-specific directories. These considerations\n really apply to all shell scripts.\n \n-5.2 Maintainer scripts idempotency\n+6.2 Maintainer scripts idempotency\n It is necessary for the error recovery procedures that the scripts be idempotent. This means that if it is run successfully,\n and then it is called again, it doesn\u2019t bomb out or cause any harm, but just ensures that everything is the way it ought to\n be. If the first call failed, or aborted half way through for some reason, the second call should merely do the things that\n were left undone the first time, if any, and exit with a success status if everything is OK.1\n 1 This is so that if an error occurs, the user interrupts dpkg or some other unforeseen circumstance happens you don\u2019t leave the user with a badlybroken package when dpkg attempts to repeat the action.\n \n-43\n+49\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-5.3 Controlling terminal for maintainer scripts\n+6.3 Controlling terminal for maintainer scripts\n Maintainer scripts are not guaranteed to run with a controlling terminal and may not be able to interact with the user.\n They must be able to fall back to noninteractive behavior if no controlling terminal is available. Maintainer scripts that\n prompt via a program conforming to the Debian Configuration Management Specification (see Prompting in maintainer\n scripts) may assume that program will handle falling back to noninteractive behavior.\n For high-priority prompts without a reasonable default answer, maintainer scripts may abort if there is no controlling\n terminal. However, this situation should be avoided if at all possible, since it prevents automated or unattended installs.\n In most cases, users will consider this to be a bug in the package.\n \n-5.4 Exit status\n+6.4 Exit status\n Each script must return a zero exit status for success, or a nonzero one for failure, since the package management system\n looks for the exit status of these scripts and determines what action to take next based on that datum.\n \n-5.5 Summary of ways maintainer scripts are called\n+6.5 Summary of ways maintainer scripts are called\n What follows is a summary of all the ways in which maintainer scripts may be called along with what facilities those\n scripts may rely on being available at that time. Script names preceded by new- are the scripts from the new version of\n a package being installed, upgraded to, or downgraded to. Script names preceded by old- are the scripts from the old\n version of a package that is being upgraded from or downgraded from.\n The preinst script may be called in the following ways:\n \n new-preinst install\n@@ -2698,17 +2999,17 @@\n there are no circular dependencies involved, all package dependencies will be configured. For behavior in the case\n of circular dependencies, see the discussion in Binary Dependencies - Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Enhances,\n Pre-Depends.\n \n old-postinst abort-upgrade new-version\n 2 This can happen if the new version of the package no longer pre-depends on a package that had been partially upgraded.\n \n-44\n+50\n \n-Chapter 5. Package maintainer scripts and installation procedure\n+Chapter 6. Package maintainer scripts and installation procedure\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n conflictor's-postinst abort-remove in-favour package new-version\n postinst abort-remove\n deconfigured's-postinst abort-deconfigure in-favour failed-install-package version [ removing\n \n@@ -2754,30 +3055,30 @@\n \n if [ \"$1\" = purge ] && [ -e /usr/share/debconf/confmodule ]; then\n . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule db_purge\n fi\n \n in postrm purges the debconf configuration for the package if debconf is installed.\n \n-5.5. Summary of ways maintainer scripts are called\n+6.5. Summary of ways maintainer scripts are called\n \n-45\n+51\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n and pre-dependencies can be relied on. Pre-dependencies will either be configured or will be \u201cUnpacked\u201d or \u201cHalfConfigured\u201d but previously had been configured and was never removed.\n \n new-postrm abort-install\n new-postrm abort-install old-version new-version\n new-postrm abort-upgrade old-version new-version\n \n Called before unpacking the new package as part of the error handling of preinst failures. May assume\n the same state as preinst can assume.\n \n-5.6 Details of unpack phase of installation or upgrade\n+6.6 Details of unpack phase of installation or upgrade\n The procedure on installation/upgrade/overwrite/disappear (i.e., when running dpkg --unpack, or the unpack stage of\n dpkg --install) is as follows.5 In each case, if a major error occurs (unless listed below) the actions are, in general,\n run backwards - this means that the maintainer scripts are run with different arguments in reverse order. These are the\n \u201cerror unwind\u201d calls listed below.\n 1. Notify the currently installed package:\n a. If a version of the package is already \u201cInstalled\u201d, call\n old-prerm upgrade new-version\n@@ -2805,17 +3106,17 @@\n deconfigured's-prerm deconfigure \\\n in-favour package-being-installed version \\\n removing conflicting-package version\n \n Error unwind:\n 5 See Maintainer script flowcharts for flowcharts illustrating the processes described here.\n \n-46\n+52\n \n-Chapter 5. Package maintainer scripts and installation procedure\n+Chapter 6. Package maintainer scripts and installation procedure\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n deconfigured's-postinst abort-deconfigure \\\n in-favour package-being-installed-but-failed version \\\n removing conflicting-package version\n \n@@ -2861,17 +3162,17 @@\n unwind works, the package is in the \u201cNot-Installed\u201d state.\n 4. The new package\u2019s files are unpacked, overwriting any that may be on the system already, for example any from\n the old version of the same package or from another package. Backups of the old files are kept temporarily, and if\n anything goes wrong the package management system will attempt to put them back as part of the error unwind.\n It is an error for a package to contain files which are on the system in another package, unless Replaces is used\n (see Overwriting files and replacing packages - Replaces).\n \n-5.6. Details of unpack phase of installation or upgrade\n+6.6. Details of unpack phase of installation or upgrade\n \n-47\n+53\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n It is a more serious error for a package to contain a plain file or other kind of non-directory where another\n package has a directory (again, unless Replaces is used). This error can be overridden if desired using\n --force-overwrite-dir, but this is not advisable.\n Packages which overwrite each other\u2019s files produce behavior which, though deterministic, is hard for the system\n@@ -2912,36 +3213,36 @@\n are ignored, rather than being removed by dpkg). Note that disappearing packages do not have their prerm\n called, because dpkg doesn\u2019t know in advance that the package is going to vanish.\n 10. Any files in the package we\u2019re unpacking that are also listed in the file lists of other packages are removed from\n those lists. (This will lobotomize the file list of the \u201cconflicting\u201d package if there is one.)\n 11. The backup files made during installation, above, are deleted.\n 6 Part of the problem is due to what is arguably a bug in dpkg.\n \n-48\n+54\n \n-Chapter 5. Package maintainer scripts and installation procedure\n+Chapter 6. Package maintainer scripts and installation procedure\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 12. The new package\u2019s status is now sane, and recorded as \u201cUnpacked\u201d.\n Here is another point of no return: if the conflicting package\u2019s removal fails we do not unwind the rest of the\n installation. The conflicting package is left in a half-removed limbo.\n 13. If there was a conflicting package we go and do the removal actions (described below), starting with the removal\n of the conflicting package\u2019s files (any that are also in the package being unpacked have already been removed from\n the conflicting package\u2019s file list, and so do not get removed now).\n \n-5.7 Details of configuration\n+6.7 Details of configuration\n When we configure a package (this happens with dpkg --install and dpkg --configure), we first update any\n conffiles and then call:\n postinst configure most-recently-configured-version\n \n No attempt is made to unwind after errors during configuration. If the configuration fails, the package is in a \u201cHalfConfigured\u201d state, and an error message is generated.\n If there is no most recently configured version dpkg will pass a null argument.7\n \n-5.8 Details of removal and/or configuration purging\n+6.8 Details of removal and/or configuration purging\n 1. prerm remove\n If prerm fails during replacement due to conflict\n conflictor's-postinst abort-remove \\\n in-favour package new-version\n \n Or else we call:\n postinst abort-remove\n@@ -2958,31 +3259,31 @@\n If this fails, the package remains in a \u201cConfig-Files\u201d state.\n 7. The package\u2019s file list is removed.\n \n 7 Historical note: Truly ancient (pre-1997) versions of dpkg passed (including the angle brackets) in this case. Even older ones did\n not pass a second argument at all, under any circumstance. Note that upgrades using such an old dpkg version are unlikely to work for other reasons,\n even if this old argument behavior is handled by your postinst script.\n \n-5.7. Details of configuration\n+6.7. Details of configuration\n \n-49\n+55\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-50\n+56\n \n-Chapter 5. Package maintainer scripts and installation procedure\n+Chapter 6. Package maintainer scripts and installation procedure\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-SIX\n+SEVEN\n \n DECLARING RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PACKAGES\n \n-6.1 Syntax of relationship fields\n+7.1 Syntax of relationship fields\n These fields all have a uniform syntax. They are a list of package names separated by commas.\n In the Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Pre-Depends, Build-Depends, Build-Depends-Indep and\n Build-Depends-Arch control fields of the package, which declare dependencies on other packages, the package\n names listed may also include lists of alternative package names, separated by vertical bar (pipe) symbols |. In such\n a case, that part of the dependency can be satisfied by any one of the alternative packages. (Alternative dependencies\n in Build-Depends, Build-Depends-Indep, and Build-Depends-Arch are interpreted specially by Debian autobuilders. See Relationships between source and binary packages for more details.)\n All of the fields may restrict their applicability to particular versions of each named package. This is done in parentheses\n@@ -3013,15 +3314,15 @@\n Build-Conflicts, Build-Conflicts-Indep and Build-Conflicts-Arch), if the current Debian host\n architecture is not in this list and there are no exclamation marks in the list, or it is in the list with a prepended\n exclamation mark, the package name and the associated version specification are ignored completely for the purposes of\n defining the relationships.\n 1 The relations < and > were previously allowed, but they were confusingly defined to mean earlier/later or equal rather than strictly earlier/later.\n dpkg still supports them with a warning, but they are no longer allowed by Debian Policy.\n \n-51\n+57\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n For example:\n Source: glibc\n Build-Depends-Indep: texinfo\n Build-Depends: kernel-headers-2.2.10 [!hurd-i386],\n@@ -3055,23 +3356,23 @@\n \n is equivalent to foo on architectures using the Linux kernel and any cpu, bar on architectures using any kernel and an\n i386 cpu, and baz on any architecture using a kernel other than Linux.\n Note that the binary package relationship fields such as Depends appear in one of the binary package stanzas of the\n template control file, whereas the build-time relationships such as Build-Depends appear in the source package stanza\n of the template control file (which is the first section).\n \n-6.2 Binary Dependencies - Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Enhances,\n+7.2 Binary Dependencies - Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Enhances,\n Pre-Depends\n Packages can declare in their control file that they have certain relationships to other packages - for example, that they\n cannot be installed at the same time as certain other packages, and/or that they depend on the presence of others.\n This is done using the Depends, Pre-Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Enhances, Breaks and Conflicts control fields. Breaks is described in Packages which break other packages - Breaks, and Conflicts is described in\n \n-52\n+58\n \n-Chapter 6. Declaring relationships between packages\n+Chapter 7. Declaring relationships between packages\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Conflicting binary packages - Conflicts. The rest are described below.\n These seven fields are used to declare a dependency relationship by one package on another. Except for Enhances\n and Breaks, they appear in the depending (binary) package\u2019s control file. (Enhances appears in the recommending\n package\u2019s control file, and Breaks appears in the version of depended-on package which causes the named package to\n@@ -3116,17 +3417,17 @@\n This declares a strong, but not absolute, dependency.\n The Recommends field should list packages that would be found together with this one in all but unusual installations.\n 2 This approach makes dependency resolution easier. If two packages A and B are being upgraded, the installed package A depends on exactly the\n installed package B, and the new package A depends on exactly the new package B (a common situation when upgrading shared libraries and their\n corresponding development packages), satisfying the dependencies at every stage of the upgrade would be impossible. This relaxed restriction means\n that both new packages can be unpacked together and then configured in their dependency order.\n \n-6.2. Binary Dependencies - Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Enhances, Pre-Depends\n+7.2. Binary Dependencies - Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Enhances, Pre-Depends\n \n-53\n+59\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Suggests\n \n This is used to declare that one package may be more useful with one or more others. Using this field tells the\n packaging system and the user that the listed packages are related to this one and can perhaps enhance its usefulness,\n@@ -3158,15 +3459,15 @@\n mailing list and a consensus about doing that has been reached. See Dependencies.\n When selecting which level of dependency to use you should consider how important the depended-on package is to\n the functionality of the one declaring the dependency. Some packages are composed of components of varying degrees\n of importance. Such a package should list using Depends the package(s) which are required by the more important\n components. The other components\u2019 requirements may be mentioned as Suggestions or Recommendations, as appropriate\n to the components\u2019 relative importance.\n \n-6.3 Packages which break other packages - Breaks\n+7.3 Packages which break other packages - Breaks\n When one binary package declares that it breaks another, dpkg will refuse to allow the package which declares Breaks\n to be unpacked unless the broken package is deconfigured first, and it will refuse to allow the broken package to be\n reconfigured.\n A package will not be regarded as causing breakage merely because its configuration files are still installed; it must be at\n least \u201cHalf-Installed\u201d.\n A special exception is made for packages which declare that they break their own package name or a virtual package\n which they provide (see below): this does not count as a real breakage.\n@@ -3174,25 +3475,25 @@\n (implicit or explicit) dependency which violates an assumption or reveals a bug in earlier versions of the broken package,\n or which takes over a file from earlier versions of the package named in Breaks. This use of Breaks will inform\n higher-level package management tools that the broken package must be upgraded before the new one.\n If the breaking package also overwrites some files from the older package, it should use Replaces to ensure this goes\n smoothly. See Overwriting files and replacing packages - Replaces for a full discussion of taking over files from other\n packages, including how to use Breaks in those cases.\n \n-54\n+60\n \n-Chapter 6. Declaring relationships between packages\n+Chapter 7. Declaring relationships between packages\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Many of the cases where Breaks should be used were previously handled with Conflicts because Breaks did not yet\n exist. Many Conflicts fields should now be Breaks. See Conflicting binary packages - Conflicts for more information\n about the differences.\n \n-6.4 Conflicting binary packages - Conflicts\n+7.4 Conflicting binary packages - Conflicts\n When one binary package declares a conflict with another using a Conflicts field, dpkg will refuse to allow them to be\n unpacked on the system at the same time. This is a stronger restriction than Breaks, which prevents the broken package\n from being configured while the breaking package is in the \u201cUnpacked\u201d state but allows both packages to be unpacked at\n the same time.\n If one package is to be unpacked, the other must be removed first. If the package being unpacked is marked as replacing\n (see Overwriting files and replacing packages - Replaces, but note that Breaks should normally be used in this case) the\n one on the system, or the one on the system is marked as deselected, or both packages are marked Essential, then\n@@ -3226,21 +3527,21 @@\n another package is not sufficient reason to declare Breaks or Conflicts with that package.\n A Conflicts entry may have an \u201cearlier than\u201d version clause if the reason for the conflict is corrected in a later version\n of one of the packages. However, normally the presence of an \u201cearlier than\u201d version clause is a sign that Breaks should\n have been used instead. An \u201cearlier than\u201d version clause in Conflicts prevents dpkg from upgrading or installing the\n package which declares such a conflict until the upgrade or removal of the conflicted-with package has been completed,\n which is a strong restriction.\n \n-6.4. Conflicting binary packages - Conflicts\n+7.4. Conflicting binary packages - Conflicts\n \n-55\n+61\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-6.5 Virtual packages - Provides\n+7.5 Virtual packages - Provides\n As well as the names of actual (\u201cconcrete\u201d) packages, the package relationship fields Depends, Recommends, Suggests, Enhances, Pre-Depends, Breaks, Conflicts, Build-Depends, Build-Depends-Indep,\n Build-Depends-Arch, Build-Conflicts, Build-Conflicts-Indep and Build-Conflicts-Arch may mention \u201cvirtual packages\u201d.\n A virtual package is one which appears in the Provides control field of another package. The effect is as if the package(s)\n which provide a particular virtual package name had been listed by name everywhere the virtual package name appears.\n (See also Virtual packages)\n If there are both concrete and virtual packages of the same name, then the dependency may be satisfied (or the conflict\n caused) by either the concrete package with the name in question or any other concrete package which provides the virtual\n@@ -3273,30 +3574,30 @@\n Provides: bar (= 1.0)\n Package: bar-clone\n Provides: bar\n \n the bar-plus package will satisfy the dependency for the foo package, but the bar-clone package will not.\n To specify which of a set of real packages should be the default to satisfy a particular dependency on a virtual package,\n list the real package as an alternative before the virtual one.\n-56\n+62\n \n-Chapter 6. Declaring relationships between packages\n+Chapter 7. Declaring relationships between packages\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n If the virtual package represents a facility that can only be provided by one real package at a time, such as the mailtransport-agent virtual package that requires installation of a binary that would conflict with all other providers of that\n virtual package (see Mail transport, delivery and user agents), all packages providing that virtual package should also\n declare a conflict with it using Conflicts. This will ensure that at most one provider of that virtual package is unpacked\n or installed at a time.\n \n-6.6 Overwriting files and replacing packages - Replaces\n+7.6 Overwriting files and replacing packages - Replaces\n Packages can declare in their control file that they should overwrite files in certain other packages, or completely replace\n other packages. The Replaces control field has these two distinct purposes.\n \n-6.6.1 Overwriting files in other packages\n+7.6.1 Overwriting files in other packages\n It is usually an error for a package to contain files which are on the system in another package. However, if the overwriting\n package declares that it Replaces the one containing the file being overwritten, then dpkg will replace the file from the\n old package with that from the new. The file will no longer be listed as \u201cowned\u201d by the old package and will be taken\n over by the new package. Normally, Breaks should be used in conjunction with Replaces.3\n For example, if a package foo is split into foo and foo-data starting at version 1.2-3, foo-data would have the fields\n Replaces: foo (<< 1.2-3)\n Breaks: foo (<< 1.2-3)\n@@ -3311,41 +3612,41 @@\n The package\u2019s postrm script will be run with a special argument to allow the package to do any final cleanup required.\n See Summary of ways maintainer scripts are called.4\n For this usage of Replaces, virtual packages (see Virtual packages - Provides) are not considered when looking at a\n Replaces field. The packages declared as being replaced must be mentioned by their real names.\n This usage of Replaces only takes effect when both packages are at least partially on the system at once. It is not relevant\n if the packages conflict unless the conflict has been overridden.\n \n-6.6.2 Replacing whole packages, forcing their removal\n+7.6.2 Replacing whole packages, forcing their removal\n Second, Replaces allows the packaging system to resolve which package should be removed when there is a conflict\n (see Conflicting binary packages - Conflicts). This usage only takes effect when the two packages do conflict, so that the\n two usages of this field do not interfere with each other.\n In this situation, the package declared as being replaced can be a virtual package, so for example, all mail transport agents\n (MTAs) would have the following fields in their control files:\n 3 To see why Breaks is normally needed in addition to Replaces, consider the case of a file in the package foo being taken over by the package\n foo-data. Replaces will allow foo-data to be installed and take over that file. However, without Breaks, nothing requires foo to be upgraded to a\n newer version that knows it does not include that file and instead depends on foo-data. Nothing would prevent the new foo-data package from being\n installed and then removed, removing the file that it took over from foo. After that operation, the package manager would think the system was in a\n consistent state, but the foo package would be missing one of its files.\n 4 Replaces is a one way relationship. You have to install the replacing package after the replaced package.\n \n-6.6. Overwriting files and replacing packages - Replaces\n+7.6. Overwriting files and replacing packages - Replaces\n \n-57\n+63\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Provides: mail-transport-agent\n Conflicts: mail-transport-agent\n Replaces: mail-transport-agent\n \n ensuring that only one MTA can be unpacked at any one time. See Virtual packages - Provides for more information\n about this example.\n \n-6.7 Relationships\n+7.7 Relationships\n ages\n -\n \n between\n \n source\n and\n@@ -3385,17 +3686,17 @@\n More specifically, Debian autobuilders perform the following transformation on alternative dependencies in the\n Build-Depends, Build-Depends-Indep, and Build-Depends-Arch fields:\n 1. Discard any alternatives that are restricted to architectures that do not match the host architecture.\n 2. Discard any alternatives specifying different package names than the now-first alternative. (Alternatives specifying\n the same package name are kept to permit relationships such as foo (<= x) | foo (>= y).)\n For example, an autobuilder for the amd64 architecture would treat the following dependency:\n \n-58\n+64\n \n-Chapter 6. Declaring relationships between packages\n+Chapter 7. Declaring relationships between packages\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n foo-special [armhf] | foo (<= 4) | foo (>= 4.2) | bar\n \n as if it were:\n foo (<= 4) | foo (>= 4.2)\n@@ -3403,15 +3704,15 @@\n The normal effect is to use only the first alternative that is valid on the relevant architecture and fail if that alternative is\n not installable.\n While this rule for build dependencies may limit the usefulness of alternatives, they can still be used to provide flexibility\n when building the package outside of Debian\u2019s autobuilders.\n The autobuilders for the Debian backports and experimental suites do not perform this transformation and instead use\n the same dependency resolution rules as normal package installations to choose which alternative dependency to install.\n \n-6.8 Additional source packages used to build the binary - Built-Using\n+7.8 Additional source packages used to build the binary - Built-Using\n Some binary packages incorporate parts of other packages when built but do not have to depend on those packages.\n Examples include linking with static libraries or incorporating source code from another package during the build. In this\n case, the source packages of those other packages are part of the complete source (the binary package is not reproducible\n without them).\n When the license of either the incorporated parts or the incorporating binary package requires that the full source code of\n the incorporating binary package be made available, the Built-Using field must list the corresponding source package\n for any affected binary package incorporated during the build,5 including an \u201cexactly equal\u201d (\u201c=\u201d) version relation on the\n@@ -3429,27 +3730,27 @@\n This field should be used only when there are license or DFSG requirements to retain the referenced source packages.\n It should not be added solely as a way to locate packages that need to be rebuilt against newer versions of their build\n dependencies.\n \n 5 Build-Depends in the source package is not adequate since it (rightfully) does not document the exact version used in the build.\n 6 The archive software might reject packages that refer to non-existent sources.\n \n-6.8. Additional source packages used to build the binary - Built-Using\n+7.8. Additional source packages used to build the binary - Built-Using\n \n-59\n+65\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-60\n+66\n \n-Chapter 6. Declaring relationships between packages\n+Chapter 7. Declaring relationships between packages\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-SEVEN\n+EIGHT\n \n SHARED LIBRARIES\n \n Packages containing shared libraries must be constructed with a little care to make sure that the shared library is always\n available. This is especially important for packages whose shared libraries are vitally important, such as the C library\n (currently libc6).\n This section deals only with public shared libraries: shared libraries that are placed in directories searched by the dynamic\n@@ -3469,28 +3770,28 @@\n library package, and the bare .so symlink is installed in the development package since it\u2019s only used when linking\n binaries or shared libraries. However, there are some exceptions for unusual shared libraries or for shared libraries that\n are also loaded as dynamic modules by other programs.\n This section is primarily concerned with how the separation of shared libraries into multiple packages should be done\n and how dependencies on and between shared library binary packages are managed in Debian. Libraries should be read\n in conjunction with this section and contains additional rules for the files contained in the shared library packages.\n \n-7.1 Run-time shared libraries\n+8.1 Run-time shared libraries\n The run-time shared library must be placed in a package whose name changes whenever the SONAME of the shared library\n changes. This allows several versions of the shared library to be installed at the same time, allowing installation of the\n new version of the shared library without immediately breaking binaries that depend on the old version.2\n 1 This is a convention of shared library versioning, but not a requirement. Some libraries use the SONAME as the full library file name instead and\n therefore do not need a symlink. Most, however, encode additional information about backwards-compatible revisions as a minor version number in\n the file name. The SONAME itself only changes when binaries linked with the earlier version of the shared library may no longer work, but the filename\n may change with each release of the library. See Run-time shared libraries for more information.\n 2 There are some exceptional situations in which co-installation of two versions of a shared library is not safe, and the new shared library package has\n to conflict with the previous shared library package. This is never desirable, since it causes significant disruption during upgrades and potentially breaks\n unpackaged third-party binaries, but is sometimes unavoidable. These situations are sufficiently rare that they usually warrant project-wide discussion,\n and are complex enough that the rules for them cannot be codified in Debian Policy.\n \n-61\n+67\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Normally, the run-time shared library and its SONAME symlink should be placed in a package named librarynamesoversion,\n where soversion is the version number in the SONAME of the shared library. Alternatively, if it would be confusing to directly append soversion to libraryname (if, for example, libraryname itself ends in a number), you should use librarynamesoversion instead.3\n To determine the soversion, look at the SONAME of the library, stored in the ELF SONAME attribute. It is usually of the\n form name.so.major-version (for example, libz.so.1). The version part is the part which comes after .so., so\n@@ -3518,15 +3819,15 @@\n Shared libraries should not be installed executable, since the dynamic linker does not require this and trying to execute a\n shared library usually results in a core dump.\n The run-time library package should include the symbolic link for the SONAME that ldconfig would create for the\n shared libraries. For example, the libgdbm3 package should include a symbolic link from /usr/lib/libgdbm.so.3\n to libgdbm.so.3.0.0. This is needed so that the dynamic linker (for example ld.so or ld-linux.so.*) can find\n the library between the time that dpkg installs it and the time that ldconfig is run in the postinst script.4\n \n-7.1.1 ldconfig\n+8.1.1 ldconfig\n Any package installing shared libraries in one of the default library directories of the dynamic linker (which are currently\n /usr/lib and /lib) or a directory that is listed in /etc/ld.so.conf5 must use ldconfig to update the shared\n library system.\n 3 The following command, when run on a shared library, will output the name to be used for the Debian package containing that shared library:\n \n objdump -p /path/to/libfoo-bar.so.1.2.3 \\\n | sed -n -e's/^[[:space:]]*SONAME[[:space:]]*//p' \\\n@@ -3536,76 +3837,76 @@\n \n place. In the past, this was achieved by creating the library in the temporary packaging directory before creating the symlink. Unfortunately, this was\n not always effective, since the building of the tar file in the .deb depended on the behavior of the underlying file system. Some file systems (such\n as reiserfs) reorder the files so that the order of creation is forgotten. Since version 1.7.0, dpkg reorders the files itself as necessary when building a\n package. Thus it is no longer important to concern oneself with the order of file creation.\n 5 These are currently /usr/local/lib plus directories under /lib and /usr/lib matching the multiarch triplet for the system architecture.\n \n-62\n+68\n \n-Chapter 7. Shared libraries\n+Chapter 8. Shared libraries\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Any such package must have the line activate-noawait ldconfig in its triggers control file (i.e. DEBIAN/\n triggers).\n \n-7.2 Shared library support files\n+8.2 Shared library support files\n If your package contains files whose names do not change with each change in the library shared object version, you must\n not put them in the shared library package. Otherwise, several versions of the shared library cannot be installed at the\n same time without filename clashes, making upgrades and transitions unnecessarily difficult.\n It is recommended that supporting files and run-time support programs that do not need to be invoked manually by users,\n but are nevertheless required for the package to function, be placed (if they are binary) in a subdirectory of /usr/lib,\n preferably under /usr/lib/package-name. If the program or file is architecture independent, the recommendation is\n for it to be placed in a subdirectory of /usr/share instead, preferably under /usr/share/package-name. Following\n the package-name naming convention ensures that the file names change when the shared object version changes.\n Run-time support programs that use the shared library but are not required for the library to function or files used by the\n shared library that can be used by any version of the shared library package should instead be put in a separate package.\n This package might typically be named libraryname-tools; note the absence of the soversion in the package name.\n Files and support programs only useful when compiling software against the library should be included in the development\n package for the library.6\n \n-7.3 Static libraries\n+8.3 Static libraries\n The static library (libraryname.a) is usually provided in addition to the shared version. It is placed into the development package (see below).\n In some cases, it is acceptable for a library to be available in static form only; these cases include:\n \u2022 libraries for languages whose shared library support is immature or unstable\n \u2022 libraries whose interfaces are in flux or under development (commonly the case when the library\u2019s major version\n number is zero, or where the ABI breaks across patchlevels)\n \u2022 libraries which are explicitly intended to be available only in static form by their upstream author(s)\n \n-7.4 Development files\n+8.4 Development files\n If there are development files associated with a shared library, the source package needs to generate a binary development package named libraryname-dev, or if you need to support multiple development versions at a time,\n librarynameapiversion-dev. Installing the development package must result in installation of all the development files\n necessary for compiling programs against that shared library.7\n In case several development versions of a library exist, you may need to use dpkg\u2019s Conflicts mechanism (see Conflicting\n binary packages - Conflicts) to ensure that the user only installs one development version at a time (as different development\n versions are likely to have the same header files in them, which would cause a filename clash if both were unpacked).\n The development package should contain a symlink for the associated shared library without a version number. For\n example, the libgdbm-dev package should include a symlink from /usr/lib/libgdbm.so to libgdbm.so.3.0.0.\n This symlink is needed by the linker (ld) when compiling packages, as it will only look for libgdbm.so when compiling\n dynamically.\n 6 For example, a package-name-config script or pkg-config configuration files.\n 7 This wording allows the development files to be split into several packages, such as a separate architecture-independent libraryname-headers,\n provided that the development package depends on all the required additional packages.\n \n-7.2. Shared library support files\n+8.2. Shared library support files\n \n-63\n+69\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n If the package provides Ada Library Information (*.ali) files for use with GNAT, these files must be installed read-only\n (mode 0444) so that GNAT will not attempt to recompile them. This overrides the normal file mode requirements given\n in Permissions and owners.\n \n-7.5 Dependencies between the packages of the same library\n+8.5 Dependencies between the packages of the same library\n Typically the development version should have an exact version dependency on the runtime library, to make sure that\n compilation and linking happens correctly. The ${binary:Version} substitution variable can be useful for this purpose.8\n \n-7.6 Dependencies between the library and other packages\n+8.6 Dependencies between the library and other packages\n If a package contains a binary or library which links to a shared library, we must ensure that, when the package is installed\n on the system, all of the libraries needed are also installed. These dependencies must be added to the binary package when\n it is built, since they may change based on which version of a shared library the binary or library was linked with even\n if there are no changes to the source of the binary (for example, symbol versions change, macros become functions or\n vice versa, or the binary package may determine at compile-time whether new library interfaces are available and can be\n called). To allow these dependencies to be constructed, shared libraries must provide either a symbols file or a shlibs\n file. These provide information on the package dependencies required to ensure the presence of interfaces provided by\n@@ -3625,26 +3926,26 @@\n of the package on systems with older versions of the shared libraries.\n shlibs files also only support a limited range of library SONAMEs, making it difficult to use shlibs files in some\n unusual corner cases.9\n symbols files are therefore recommended for most shared library packages since they provide more accurate dependencies. For most C libraries, the additional detail required by symbols files is not too difficult to maintain. However,\n maintaining exhaustive symbols information for a C++ library can be quite onerous, so shlibs files may be more appropriate for most C++ libraries. Libraries with a corresponding udeb must also provide a shlibs file, since the udeb\n infrastructure does not use symbols files.\n \n-7.6.1 Generating dependencies on shared libraries\n+8.6.1 Generating dependencies on shared libraries\n When a package that contains any shared libraries or compiled binaries is built, it must run dpkg-shlibdeps on each\n shared library and compiled binary to determine the libraries used and hence the dependencies needed by the package.10\n To do this, put a call to dpkg-shlibdeps into your debian/rules file in the source package. List all of the compiled\n 8 Previously, ${Source-Version} was used, but its name was confusing and it has been deprecated since dpkg 1.13.19.\n 9 A shlibs file represents an SONAME as a library name and version number, such as libfoo VERSION, instead of recording the actual SONAME. If the SONAME doesn\u2019t match one of the two expected formats (libfoo-VERSION.so or libfoo.so.VERSION), it cannot be represented.\n 10 dpkg-shlibdeps will use a program like objdump or readelf to find the libraries and the symbols in those libraries directly needed by the\n binaries or shared libraries in the package.\n \n-64\n+70\n \n-Chapter 7. Shared libraries\n+Chapter 8. Shared libraries\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n binaries, libraries, or loadable modules in your package.11 dpkg-shlibdeps will use the symbols or shlibs files\n installed by the shared libraries to generate dependency information. The package must then provide a substitution\n variable into which the discovered dependency information can be placed.\n If you are creating a udeb for use in the Debian Installer, you will need to specify that dpkg-shlibdeps should use\n@@ -3662,15 +3963,15 @@\n listed in the ELF NEEDED attribute, caused by adding -lbar to the link line when the binary is created). Other libraries\n that are needed by libbar are linked indirectly to foo, and the dynamic linker will load them automatically when it\n loads libbar. A package should depend on the libraries it directly uses, but not the libraries it only uses indirectly. The\n dependencies for the libraries used directly will automatically pull in the indirectly-used libraries. dpkg-shlibdeps\n will handle this logic automatically, but package maintainers need to be aware of this distinction between directly and\n indirectly using a library if they have to override its results for some reason.14\n \n-7.6.2 Shared library ABI changes\n+8.6.2 Shared library ABI changes\n Maintaining a shared library package using either symbols or shlibs files requires being aware of the exposed ABI of\n the shared library and any changes to it. Both symbols and shlibs files record every change to the ABI of the shared\n library; symbols files do so per public symbol, whereas shlibs files record only the last change for the entire library.\n There are two types of ABI changes: ones that are backward-compatible and ones that are not. An ABI change is\n backward-compatible if any reasonable program or library that was linked with the previous version of the shared library\n will still work correctly with the new version of the shared library.15 Adding new symbols to the shared library is a\n backward-compatible change. Removing symbols from the shared library is not. Changing the behavior of a symbol may\n@@ -3694,17 +3995,17 @@\n so it would also depend on libdgf4 in order to retire the older libdgf3 package. Since dependencies are only added based on ELF NEEDED attribute,\n packages using libimlib can rely on libimlib itself having the dependency on an appropriate version of libdgf and do not need rebuilding.\n 15 An example of an \u201cunreasonable\u201d program is one that uses library interfaces that are documented as internal and unsupported. If the only programs\n or libraries affected by a change are \u201cunreasonable\u201d ones, other techniques, such as declaring Breaks relationships with affected packages or treating\n their usage of the library as bugs in those packages, may be appropriate instead of changing the SONAME. However, the default approach is to change\n the SONAME for any change to the ABI that could break a program.\n \n-7.6. Dependencies between the library and other packages\n+8.6. Dependencies between the library and other packages\n \n-65\n+71\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Backward-compatible changes require either updating or recording the minimal-version for that symbol in symbols files\n or updating the version in the dependencies in shlibs files. For more information on how to do this in the two formats,\n see The symbols File Format and The shlibs File Format. Below are general rules that apply to both files.\n The easy case is when a public symbol is added. Simply add the version at which the symbol was introduced (for symbols\n@@ -3727,18 +4028,18 @@\n when it tries to pass OP_BAZ into this function.\n Dependency versions in either symbols or shlibs files normally should not contain the Debian revision of the package,\n since the library behavior is normally fixed for a particular upstream version and any Debian packaging of that upstream\n version will have the same behavior. In the rare case that the library behavior was changed in a particular Debian revision,\n appending ~ to the end of the version that includes the Debian revision is recommended, since this allows backports of\n the shared library package using the normal backport versioning convention to satisfy the dependency.\n \n-7.6.3 The symbols system\n+8.6.3 The symbols system\n In the following sections, we will first describe where the various symbols files are to be found, then the symbols file\n format, and finally how to create symbols files if your package contains a shared library.\n-7.6.3.1 The symbols files present on the system\n+8.6.3.1 The symbols files present on the system\n symbols files for a shared library are normally provided by the shared library package as a control file, but there are\n \n several override paths that are checked first in case that information is wrong or missing. The following list gives them in\n the order in which they are read by dpkg-shlibdeps. The first one that contains the required information is used.\n debian/*/DEBIAN/symbols\n \n During the package build, if the package itself contains shared libraries with symbols files, they will be generated\n@@ -3752,17 +4053,17 @@\n tmp could be used instead of one of these.) Since libfoo2 provides the libfoo shared library, it will contain a symbols file, which will be installed in\n debian/libfoo2/DEBIAN/symbols, eventually to be included as a control file in that package. When dpkg-shlibdeps is run on the executable\n debian/foo-runtime/usr/bin/foo-prog, it will examine the debian/libfoo2/DEBIAN/symbols file to determine whether foo-prog\u2019s\n library dependencies are satisfied by any of the libraries provided by libfoo2. Since those binaries were linked against the just-built shared library as\n part of the build process, the symbols file for the newly-built libfoo2 must take precedence over a symbols file for any other libfoo2 package\n already installed on the system.\n \n-66\n+72\n \n-Chapter 7. Shared libraries\n+Chapter 8. Shared libraries\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n /etc/dpkg/symbols/package.symbols.arch and /etc/dpkg/symbols/package.symbols\n \n Per-system overrides of shared library dependencies. These files normally do not exist. They are maintained by\n the local system administrator and must not be created by any Debian package.\n@@ -3770,15 +4071,15 @@\n The symbols control files for all the packages currently installed on the system are searched last. This will be\n the most common source of shared library dependency information. These files can be read with dpkg-query\n --control-show package symbols.\n \n Be aware that if a debian/shlibs.local exists in the source package, it will override any symbols files. This is the\n only case where a shlibs is used despite symbols files being present. See The shlibs files present on the system and The\n shlibs system for more information.\n-7.6.3.2 The symbols File Format\n+8.6.3.2 The symbols File Format\n The following documents the format of the symbols control file as included in binary packages. These files are built\n from template symbols files in the source package by dpkg-gensymbols. The template files support a richer syntax\n that allows dpkg-gensymbols to do some of the tedious work involved in maintaining symbols files, such as handling\n C++ symbols or optional symbols that may not exist on particular architectures. When writing symbols files for a shared\n library package, refer to dpkg-gensymbols(1) for the richer syntax.\n A symbols may contain one or more entries, one for each shared library contained in the package corresponding to that\n symbols. Each entry has the following format:\n@@ -3807,17 +4108,17 @@\n is the exported symbol (which, for C++, means the mangled symbol) followed by @ and the symbol version, or the string\n Base if there is no symbol version. minimal-version is the most recent version of the shared library that changed the\n behavior of that symbol, whether by adding it, changing its function signature (the parameters, their types, or the return\n 17 This can be determined by using the command\n \n readelf -d /usr/lib/libz.so.1.2.3.4 | grep SONAME\n \n-7.6. Dependencies between the library and other packages\n+8.6. Dependencies between the library and other packages\n \n-67\n+73\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n type), or changing its behavior in a way that is visible to a caller. id-of-dependency-template is an optional field\n that references an alternative-dependency-template; see below for a full description.\n For example, libz.so.1 contains the symbols compress and compressBound. compress has no symbol version\n and last changed its behavior in upstream version 1:1.1.4. compressBound has the symbol version ZLIB_1.2.0,\n@@ -3835,15 +4136,15 @@\n is Build-Depends-Package, whose value lists the library development package on which packages using this shared\n library declare a build dependency. If this field is present, dpkg-shlibdeps uses it to ensure that the resulting binary\n package dependency on the shared library is at least as strict as the source package dependency on the shared library\n development package.19 For our example, the zlib1g symbols file would contain:\n * Build-Depends-Package: zlib1g-dev\n \n Also see deb-symbols(5).\n-7.6.3.3 Providing a symbols file\n+8.6.3.3 Providing a symbols file\n If your package provides a shared library, you should arrange to include a symbols control file following the format\n described above in that package. You must include either a symbols control file or a shlibs control file.\n Normally, this is done by creating a symbols in the source package named debian/package.symbols or debian/\n symbols, possibly with .arch appended if the symbols information varies by architecture. This file may use the extended\n syntax documented in dpkg-gensymbols(1). Then, call dpkg-gensymbols as part of the package build process. It\n will create symbols files in the package staging area based on the binaries and libraries in the package staging area and\n the symbols files in the source package.20\n@@ -3863,32 +4164,32 @@\n Binaries or shared libraries using only publicGlSymbol would depend only on libgl1 (which may be provided by multiple packages), but ones\n using implementationSpecificSymbol would get a dependency on libgl1-mesa-glx (>= 6.5.2-7).\n 19 This field should normally not be necessary, since if the behavior of any symbol has changed, the corresponding symbol minimal-version should\n have been increased. But including it makes the symbols system more robust by tightening the dependency in cases where the package using the\n shared library specifically requires at least a particular version of the shared library development package for some reason.\n 20 If you are using debhelper, dh_makeshlibs will take care of calling either dpkg-gensymbols or generating a shlibs file as appropriate.\n \n-68\n+74\n \n-Chapter 7. Shared libraries\n+Chapter 8. Shared libraries\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n when the library changes SONAME. Removing a public symbol from the symbols file because it\u2019s no longer provided by\n the library normally requires changing the SONAME of the library. See Run-time shared libraries for more information on\n SONAMEs.\n \n-7.6.4 The shlibs system\n+8.6.4 The shlibs system\n The shlibs system is a simpler alternative to the symbols system for declaring dependencies for shared libraries. It\n may be more appropriate for C++ libraries and other cases where tracking individual symbols is too difficult. It predated\n the symbols system and is therefore frequently seen in older packages. It is also required for udebs, which do not support\n symbols.\n In the following sections, we will first describe where the various shlibs files are to be found, then how to use\n dpkg-shlibdeps, and finally the shlibs file format and how to create them.\n-7.6.4.1 The shlibs files present on the system\n+8.6.4.1 The shlibs files present on the system\n There are several places where shlibs files are found. The following list gives them in the order in which they are read\n by dpkg-shlibdeps. (The first one which gives the required information is used.)\n debian/shlibs.local\n \n This lists overrides for this package. This file should normally not be used, but may be needed temporarily in unusual\n situations to work around bugs in other packages, or in unusual cases where the normally declared dependency\n information in the installed shlibs file for a library cannot be used. This file overrides information obtained from\n@@ -3905,30 +4206,30 @@\n dpkg-query --control-show package shlibs.\n /etc/dpkg/shlibs.default\n \n This file lists any shared libraries whose packages have failed to provide correct shlibs files. It was used when\n the shlibs setup was first introduced, but it is now normally empty. It is maintained by the dpkg maintainer.\n If a symbols file for a shared library package is available, dpkg-shlibdeps will always use it in preference to a shlibs,\n with the exception of debian/shlibs.local. The latter overrides any other shlibs or symbols files.\n-7.6.4.2 The shlibs File Format\n+8.6.4.2 The shlibs File Format\n Each shlibs file has the same format. Lines beginning with # are considered to be comments and are ignored. Each\n line is of the form:\n [type: ]library-name soname-version dependencies ...\n \n We will explain this by reference to the example of the zlib1g package, which (at the time of writing) installs the shared\n library /usr/lib/libz.so.1.2.3.4.\n type is an optional element that indicates the type of package for which the line is valid. The only type currently in use\n is udeb. The colon and space after the type are required.\n library-name is the name of the shared library, in this case libz. (This must match the name part of the soname, see\n \n below.)\n \n-7.6. Dependencies between the library and other packages\n+8.6. Dependencies between the library and other packages\n \n-69\n+75\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n soname-version is the version part of the ELF SONAME attribute of the library, determined the same way that the\n \n soversion component of the recommended shared library package name is determined. See Run-time shared libraries for\n the details.\n@@ -3942,37 +4243,37 @@\n libz 1 zlib1g (>= 1:1.2.3.3.dfsg)\n \n This version restriction must be new enough that any binary built against the current version of the library will work with\n any version of the shared library that satisfies that dependency.\n As zlib1g also provides a udeb containing the shared library, there would also be a second line:\n udeb: libz 1 zlib1g-udeb (>= 1:1.2.3.3.dfsg)\n \n-7.6.4.3 Providing a shlibs file\n+8.6.4.3 Providing a shlibs file\n To provide a shlibs file for a shared library binary package, create a shlibs file following the format described above\n and place it in the DEBIAN directory for that package during the build. It will then be included as a control file for that\n package.21\n Since dpkg-shlibdeps reads the DEBIAN/shlibs files in all of the binary packages being built from this source\n package, all of the DEBIAN/shlibs files should be installed before dpkg-shlibdeps is called on any of the binary\n packages.\n \n 21 This is what dh_makeshlibs in the debhelper suite does. If your package also has a udeb that provides a shared library, dh_makeshlibs can\n automatically generate the udeb: lines if you specify the name of the udeb with the --add-udeb option.\n \n-70\n+76\n \n-Chapter 7. Shared libraries\n+Chapter 8. Shared libraries\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-EIGHT\n+NINE\n \n THE OPERATING SYSTEM\n \n-8.1 File system hierarchy\n-8.1.1 File System Structure\n+9.1 File system hierarchy\n+9.1.1 File System Structure\n The location of all files and directories must comply with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS), version 3.0, with the\n exceptions noted below, and except where doing so would violate other terms of Debian Policy. The following exceptions\n to the FHS apply:\n 1. The FHS requirement that architecture-independent application-specific static files be located in /usr/share is\n relaxed to a suggestion. In particular, a subdirectory of /usr/lib may be used by a package (or a collection\n of packages) to hold a mixture of architecture-independent and architecture-dependent files. However, when a\n directory is entirely composed of architecture-independent files, it should be located in /usr/share.\n@@ -3995,15 +4296,15 @@\n this is part of the ELF ABI for the architecture.\n 5. The requirement that /usr/local/share/man be \u201csynonymous\u201d with /usr/local/man is relaxed to a recommendation\n 6. The requirement that window managers with a single configuration file call it system.*wmrc is removed, as is the\n restriction that the window manager subdirectory be named identically to the window manager name itself.\n 1 This is necessary in order to reserve the directories for use in cross-installation of library packages from other architectures, as part of multiarch.\n 2 This is necessary for architecture-dependent headers file to coexist in a multiarch setup.\n \n-71\n+77\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 7. The requirement that boot manager configuration files live in /etc, or at least are symlinked there, is relaxed to a\n recommendation.\n 8. /var/run is required to be a symbolic link to /run, and /var/lock is required to be a symbolic link to /run/\n lock.\n@@ -4017,15 +4318,15 @@\n create /usr/bin/mh/, as was allowed in FHS version 2.3. Other subdirectories are not allowed.\n The version of this document referred here can be found in the debian-policy package or on FHS (Debian copy)\n alongside this manual (or, if you have the debian-policy installed, you can try FHS (local copy)). The latest version,\n which may be a more recent version, may be found on FHS (upstream). Specific questions about following the standard\n may be asked on the debian-devel mailing list, or referred to the FHS mailing list (see the FHS web site for more\n information).\n \n-8.1.2 Site-specific programs\n+9.1.2 Site-specific programs\n As mandated by the FHS, packages must not place any files in /usr/local, either by putting them in the file system\n archive to be unpacked by dpkg or by manipulating them in their maintainer scripts.\n However, the package may create empty directories below /usr/local so that the system administrator knows where\n to place site-specific files. These are not directories in /usr/local, but are children of directories in /usr/local.\n These directories (/usr/local/*/dir/) should be removed on package removal if they are empty.\n Note that this applies only to directories below /usr/local, not in /usr/local. Packages must not create subdirectories in the directory /usr/local itself, except those listed in FHS, section 4.9. However, you may create\n directories below them as you wish. You must not remove any of the directories listed in 4.9, even if you created\n@@ -4044,17 +4345,17 @@\n if chown root:staff /usr/local/share/emacs; then\n chmod 2775 /usr/local/share/emacs || true\n fi\n elif chown root:root /usr/local/share/emacs; then\n (continues on next page)\n 3 These directories are used to store translators and as a set of standard names for mount points, respectively.\n \n-72\n+78\n \n-Chapter 8. The Operating System\n+Chapter 9. The Operating System\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n (continued from previous page)\n \n chmod 0755 /usr/local/share/emacs || true\n fi\n@@ -4068,48 +4369,48 @@\n in the prerm script. (Note that this form is used to ensure that if the script is interrupted, the directory /usr/local/\n share/emacs will still be removed.)\n If you do create a directory in /usr/local for local additions to a package, you should ensure that settings in /usr/\n local take precedence over the equivalents in /usr.\n However, because /usr/local and its contents are for exclusive use of the local administrator, a package must not rely\n on the presence or absence of files or directories in /usr/local for normal operation.\n \n-8.1.3 The system-wide mail directory\n+9.1.3 The system-wide mail directory\n The system-wide mail directory is /var/mail. This directory is part of the base system and should not be owned by any\n particular mail agents. The use of the old location /var/spool/mail is deprecated, even though the spool may still be\n physically located there.\n \n-8.1.4 /run and /run/lock\n+9.1.4 /run and /run/lock\n The directory /run is cleared at boot, normally by being a mount point for a temporary file system. Packages therefore\n must not assume that any files or directories under /run other than /run/lock exist unless the package has arranged to\n create those files or directories since the last reboot. Normally, this is done by the package via an init script. See Writing\n the scripts for more information.\n Packages must not include files or directories under /run, or under the older /var/run and /var/lock paths. The\n latter paths will normally be symlinks or other redirections to /run for backwards compatibility.\n \n-8.2 Users and groups\n-8.2.1 Introduction\n+9.2 Users and groups\n+9.2.1 Introduction\n The Debian system can be configured to use either plain or shadow passwords.\n Some user ids (UIDs) and group ids (GIDs) are reserved globally for use by certain packages. Because some packages\n need to include files which are owned by these users or groups, or need the ids compiled into binaries, these ids must be\n used on any Debian system only for the purpose for which they are allocated. This is a serious restriction, and we should\n avoid getting in the way of local administration policies. In particular, many sites allocate users and/or local system groups\n starting at 100.\n Apart from this we should have dynamically allocated ids, which should by default be arranged in some sensible order,\n but the behavior should be configurable. When maintainers choose a new hardcoded or dynamically generated username\n for packages to use, they should start this username with an underscore. This minimizes collisions with locally created\n user accounts.\n Packages other than base-passwd must not modify /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, /etc/group or /etc/gshadow.\n \n-8.2. Users and groups\n+9.2. Users and groups\n \n-73\n+79\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-8.2.2 UID and GID classes\n+9.2.2 UID and GID classes\n The UID and GID numbers are divided into classes as follows:\n 0-99:\n Globally allocated by the Debian project, the same on every Debian system. These ids will appear in the passwd\n and group files of all Debian systems, new ids in this range being added automatically as the base-passwd\n package is updated.\n Packages which need a single statically allocated uid or gid should use one of these; their maintainers should ask\n the base-passwd maintainer for ids.\n@@ -4140,31 +4441,31 @@\n 4294967294:\n (uid_t)(-2) == (gid_t)(-2) must not be used, because it is used as the anonymous, unauthenticated user\n \n by some NFS implementations.\n 4294967295:\n (uid_t)(-1) == (gid_t)(-1) must not be used, because it is the error return sentinel value.\n \n-8.2.3 Non-existent home directories\n+9.2.3 Non-existent home directories\n The canonical non-existent home directory is /nonexistent. Users who should not have a home directory should have\n their home directory set to this value.\n The Debian autobuilders set HOME to /nonexistent so that packages which try to write to a home directory will fail\n to build.\n \n-74\n+80\n \n-Chapter 8. The Operating System\n+Chapter 9. The Operating System\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-8.3 Starting system services\n+9.3 Starting system services\n Debian packages that provide system services should arrange for those services to be automatically started and stopped\n by the init system or service manager. This section describes how that is done.\n \n-8.3.1 Introduction\n+9.3.1 Introduction\n The default init system and service manager in Debian is systemd. Packages that wish to automatically start and stop\n system services must include systemd service units to do so, unless the service is only intended for use on systems\n running alternate init systems. See systemd.service(5) for details on the syntax of a service unit file.\n In the common case that a package includes a single system service, the service unit should have the same name as the\n package plus the .service extension.\n Packages including a service unit may optionally include an init script to support other init systems. In this case, the\n init script should have the same name as the systemd service unit so that systemd will ignore it and use the service\n@@ -4173,15 +4474,15 @@\n systemd uses dependency and ordering information contained within the enabled unit files to decide which services to run\n and in which order. The sysv-rc runlevel system for sysvinit uses symlinks in /etc/rcn.d to decide which scripts\n to run and in which order at boot time and when the init state (or \u201crunlevel\u201d) is changed. See the README.runlevels\n file shipped with sysv-rc for implementation details. Other alternatives might exist.\n \n The sections below describe how to write those scripts and configure those symlinks.\n \n-8.3.2 Writing the scripts\n+9.3.2 Writing the scripts\n Init scripts are placed in /etc/init.d. In the common case that a package starts a single service, they should be named\n /etc/init.d/package. They should accept one argument, saying what to do:\n start\n \n start the service,\n stop\n \n@@ -4204,17 +4505,17 @@\n The start, stop, restart, and force-reload options should be supported by all init scripts. Supporting status\n is encouraged. The reload and try-restart options are optional.\n The init.d scripts must ensure that they will behave sensibly (i.e., returning success and not starting multiple copies\n of a service) if invoked with start when the service is already running, or with stop when it isn\u2019t, and that they don\u2019t\n kill unfortunately-named user processes. The best way to achieve this is usually to use start-stop-daemon with the\n --oknodo option.\n \n-8.3. Starting system services\n+9.3. Starting system services\n \n-75\n+81\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Be careful of using set -e in init.d scripts. Writing correct init.d scripts requires accepting various error exit\n statuses when daemons are already running or already stopped without aborting the init.d script, and common init.\n d function libraries are not safe to call with set -e in effect.4 For init.d scripts, it\u2019s often easier to not use set -e\n and instead check the result of each command separately.\n@@ -4244,31 +4545,31 @@\n ${VAR:=default} syntax. Also, the init.d script must behave sensibly and not fail if the /etc/default file is\n deleted.\n Files and directories under /run, including ones referred to via the compatibility paths /var/run and /var/lock, are\n normally stored on a temporary filesystem and are normally not persistent across a reboot. The init.d scripts must\n handle this correctly. This will typically mean creating any required subdirectories dynamically when the init.d script\n is run. See /run and /run/lock for more information.\n \n-8.3.3 Interfacing with init systems\n+9.3.3 Interfacing with init systems\n Maintainer scripts for packages including init scripts must use update-rc.d as described below to interact with the\n service manager for requests such as enabling or disabling services. They should use invoke-rc.d as described below\n to invoke init scripts for requests such as starting and stopping service.\n Directly managing the /etc/rc?.d links and directly invoking the /etc/init.d/ init scripts should be done only by\n packages providing the init script subsystem (such as init-system-helpers).\n 4 /lib/lsb/init-functions, which assists in writing LSB-compliant init scripts, may fail if set -e is in effect and echoing status messages\n \n to the console fails, for example.\n \n-76\n+82\n \n-Chapter 8. The Operating System\n+Chapter 9. The Operating System\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-8.3.3.1 Managing the links\n+9.3.3.1 Managing the links\n The program update-rc.d is provided for package maintainers to arrange for the proper creation and removal of /etc/\n rcn.d symbolic links, or their functional equivalent if another method is being used. It is intended for use in package\n maintainer scripts.\n You must not include any /etc/rcn.d symbolic links in the actual archive or manually create or remove the symbolic\n links in maintainer scripts; you must use the update-rc.d program instead. (The former will fail if an alternative method\n of maintaining runlevel information is being used.) You must not include the /etc/rcn.d directories themselves in the\n archive either. (Only the init-system-helpers package is permitted to do so.)\n@@ -4293,50 +4594,50 @@\n return success but not start the service; services with a dependency on this service will be started even though the service\n isn\u2019t running; and init system status commands could incorrectly claim that the service was started.\n Note that if your package changes runlevels or priority, you may have to remove and recreate the links, since otherwise\n the old links may persist. Refer to the documentation of update-rc.d.\n For more information about using update-rc.d, please consult its man page, update-rc.d(8).\n It is easiest for packages not to call update-rc.d directly, but instead use debhelper programs that add the required\n update-rc.d calls automatically. See dh_installinit, dh_installsystemd, etc.\n-8.3.3.2 Running init scripts\n+9.3.3.2 Running init scripts\n The program invoke-rc.d is provided to make it easier for package maintainers to properly invoke an init script,\n obeying runlevel and other locally-defined constraints that might limit a package\u2019s right to start, stop and otherwise manage\n services. This program may be used by maintainers in their packages\u2019 scripts.\n The package maintainer scripts must use invoke-rc.d to invoke the /etc/init.d/* init scripts or equivalent instead\n of calling them directly.\n By default, invoke-rc.d will pass any action requests (start, stop, reload, restart\u2026) to the /etc/init.d script, filtering\n out requests to start or restart a service out of its intended runlevels.\n Most packages will simply use:\n \n-8.3. Starting system services\n+9.3. Starting system services\n \n-77\n+83\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n invoke-rc.d package action\n \n in their postinst and prerm scripts.\n A package should register its init script services using update-rc.d before it tries to invoke them using invoke-rc.d.\n Invocation of unregistered services may fail.\n For more information about using invoke-rc.d, please consult its man page, invoke-rc.d(8).\n It is easiest for packages not to call invoke-rc.d directly, but instead use debhelper programs that add the required\n invoke-rc.d calls automatically. See dh_installinit, dh_installsystemd, etc.\n \n-8.3.4 Boot-time initialization\n+9.3.4 Boot-time initialization\n This section has been deleted.\n \n-8.3.5 Example\n+9.3.5 Example\n Examples on which you can base your systemd service units are available in the man page systemd.unit(5). An\n example on which you can base your init scripts is available in the man page init-d-script(5).\n \n-8.4 Console messages from init.d scripts\n+9.4 Console messages from init.d scripts\n This section has been deleted.\n \n-8.5 Cron jobs\n+9.5 Cron jobs\n Packages must not modify the configuration file /etc/crontab, and they must not modify the files in /var/spool/\n cron/crontabs.\n If a package wants to install a job that has to be executed via cron, it should place a file named as specified in Cron job\n file names into one or more of the following directories:\n \u2022 /etc/cron.hourly\n \u2022 /etc/cron.daily\n \u2022 /etc/cron.weekly\n@@ -4349,17 +4650,17 @@\n processed by cron automatically. The file must also be treated as a configuration file. (Note that entries in the /etc/\n cron.d directory are not handled by anacron. Thus, you should only use this directory for jobs which may be skipped\n if the system is not running.)\n Unlike crontab files described in the IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 (POSIX.1) available from The Open Group, the files in\n /etc/cron.d and the file /etc/crontab have seven fields; namely:\n 1. Minute [0,59]\n 2. Hour [0,23]\n-78\n+84\n \n-Chapter 8. The Operating System\n+Chapter 9. The Operating System\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 3. Day of the month [1,31]\n 4. Month of the year [1,12]\n 5. Day of the week ([0,6] with 0=Sunday)\n 6. Username\n@@ -4371,22 +4672,22 @@\n execute them. Otherwise, problems will arise when a package was removed but not purged since configuration files are\n kept on the system in this situation.\n Any cron daemon must provide /usr/bin/crontab and support normal crontab entries as specified in POSIX.\n The daemon must also support names for days and months, ranges, and step values. It has to support /etc/crontab,\n and correctly execute the scripts in /etc/cron.d. The daemon must also correctly execute scripts in /etc/cron.\n {hourly,daily,weekly,monthly}.\n \n-8.5.1 Cron job file names\n+9.5.1 Cron job file names\n The file name of a cron job file should normally match the name of the package from which it comes.\n If a package supplies multiple cron job files files in the same directory, the file names should all start with the name of\n the package (possibly modified as described below) followed by a hyphen (-) and a suitable suffix.\n A cron job file name must not include any period or plus characters (. or +) characters as this will cause cron to ignore\n the file. Underscores (_) should be used instead of . and + characters.\n \n-8.6 Menus\n+9.6 Menus\n Packages shipping applications that comply with minimal requirements described below for integration with desktop\n environments should register these applications in the desktop menu, following the FreeDesktop standard, using text\n files called desktop entries. Their format is described in the Desktop Entry Specification at https://standards.freedesktop.\n org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/ and complementary information can be found in the Desktop Menu Specification at https:\n //standards.freedesktop.org/menu-spec/latest/.\n The desktop entry files are installed by the packages in the directory /usr/share/applications and the FreeDesktop\n menus are refreshed using dpkg triggers. It is therefore not necessary to depend on packages providing FreeDesktop menu\n@@ -4398,71 +4699,71 @@\n use an existing icon from the hicolor theme.\n \u2022 If the menu entry is not useful in the general case as a standalone application, the desktop entry should set the\n NoDisplay key to true, so that it can be configured to be displayed only by those who need it.\n \u2022 In doubt, the package maintainer should coordinate with the maintainers of menu implementations through the\n debian-desktop mailing list in order to avoid problems with categories or bad interactions with other icons. Especially for packages which are part of installation tasks, the contents of the NotShowIn/OnlyShowIn keys should\n be validated by the maintainers of the relevant environments.\n \n-8.6. Menus\n+9.6. Menus\n \n-79\n+85\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Since the FreeDesktop menu is a cross-distribution standard, the desktop entries written for Debian should be forwarded\n upstream, where they will benefit to other users and are more likely to receive extra contributions such as translations.\n If a package installs a FreeDesktop desktop entry, it must not also install a Debian menu entry.\n \n-8.7 Multimedia handlers\n+9.7 Multimedia handlers\n Media types (formerly known as MIME types, Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, RFCs 2045-2049) is a mechanism\n for encoding files and data streams and providing meta-information about them, in particular their type and format (e.g.\n image/png, text/html, audio/ogg).\n Registration of media type handlers allows programs like mail user agents and web browsers to invoke these handlers to\n view, edit or display media types they don\u2019t support directly.\n There are two overlapping systems to associate media types to programs which can handle them. The mailcap system\n is found on a large number of Unix systems. The FreeDesktop system is aimed at Desktop environments. In Debian,\n FreeDesktop entries are automatically translated in mailcap entries, therefore packages already using desktop entries\n should not use the mailcap system directly.\n \n-8.7.1 Registration of media type handlers with desktop entries\n+9.7.1 Registration of media type handlers with desktop entries\n Packages shipping an application able to view, edit or point to files of a given media type, or open links with a given URI\n scheme, should list it in the MimeType key of the application\u2019s desktop entry. For URI schemes, the relevant MIME types\n are x-scheme-handler/* (e.g. x-scheme-handler/https).\n \n-8.7.2 Registration of media type handlers with mailcap entries\n+9.7.2 Registration of media type handlers with mailcap entries\n Packages that are not using desktop entries for registration should install a file in mailcap(5) format (RFC 1524) in the\n directory /usr/lib/mime/packages/. The file name should be the binary package\u2019s name.\n The mailcap package provides the update-mime program, which integrates these registrations in the /etc/mailcap\n file, using dpkg triggers.5\n Packages installing desktop entries should not install mailcap entries for the same program, because the mailcap package\n already reads desktop entries.\n Packages using these facilities should not depend on, recommend, or suggest mailcap.\n \n-8.7.3 Providing media types to files\n+9.7.3 Providing media types to files\n The media type of a file is discovered by inspecting the file\u2019s extension or its magic(5) pattern, and interrogating a\n database associating them with media types.\n To support new associations between media types and files, their characteristic file extensions and magic patterns should\n be registered to the IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority). See https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types\n and RFC 6838 for details. This information will then propagate to the systems discovering file media types in Debian,\n provided by the shared-mime-info, media-types and file packages. If registration and propagation can not be waited for,\n support can be asked to the maintainers of the packages mentioned above.\n For files that are produced and read by a single application, it is also possible to declare this association to the Shared\n MIME Info system by installing in the directory /usr/share/mime/packages a file in the XML format specified at\n https://standards.freedesktop.org/shared-mime-info-spec/latest/.\n 5 Creating, modifying or removing a file in /usr/lib/mime/packages/ using maintainer scripts will not activate the trigger. In that case, it can\n be done by calling dpkg-trigger --no-await /usr/lib/mime/packages from the maintainer script after creating, modifying, or removing\n the file.\n \n-80\n+86\n \n-Chapter 8. The Operating System\n+Chapter 9. The Operating System\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-8.8 Keyboard configuration\n+9.8 Keyboard configuration\n To achieve a consistent keyboard configuration so that all applications interpret a keyboard event the same way, all programs in the Debian distribution must be configured to comply with the following guidelines.\n The following keys must have the specified interpretations:\n <--\n \n delete the character to the left of the cursor\n Delete\n \n@@ -4498,66 +4799,66 @@\n \u2022 Some systems (including previous Debian versions) use xmodmap to arrange for both <-- and Delete to generate\n KB_Delete. We can change the behavior of their X clients using the same X resources that we use to do it for\n our own clients, or configure our clients using their resources when things are the other way around. On displays\n configured like this Delete will not work, but <-- will.\n \u2022 Some operating systems have different kdch1 settings in their terminfo database for xterm and others. On these\n systems the Delete key will not work correctly when you log in from a system conforming to our policy, but <-will.\n \n-8.8. Keyboard configuration\n+9.8. Keyboard configuration\n \n-81\n+87\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-8.9 Environment variables\n+9.9 Environment variables\n Programs installed on the system PATH (/bin, /usr/bin, /sbin, /usr/sbin, or similar directories) must not depend\n on custom environment variable settings to get reasonable defaults. This is because such environment variables would\n have to be set in a system-wide configuration file such as a file in /etc/profile.d, which is not supported by all shells.\n If a program usually depends on environment variables for its configuration, the program should be changed to fall back\n to a reasonable default configuration if these environment variables are not present. If this cannot be done easily (e.g., if\n the source code of a non-free program is not available), the program must be replaced by a small \u201cwrapper\u201d shell script\n that sets the environment variables if they are not already defined, and calls the original program.\n Here is an example of a wrapper script for this purpose:\n #!/bin/sh\n BAR=${BAR:-/var/lib/fubar}\n export BAR\n exec /usr/lib/foo/foo \"$@\"\n \n-8.10 Registering Documents using doc-base\n+9.10 Registering Documents using doc-base\n The doc-base package implements a mechanism for handling and presenting documentation. Debian packages that provides online documentation (other than just manual pages) may register these documents with doc-base by installing a\n doc-base control file in /usr/share/doc-base/.\n Please refer to the documentation that comes with the doc-base package for information and details.\n \n-8.11 Alternate init systems\n+9.11 Alternate init systems\n This section has been deleted.\n \n-8.11.1 Event-based boot with upstart\n+9.11.1 Event-based boot with upstart\n The upstart event-based boot system is no longer maintained in Debian, so this section has been removed.\n \n-8.12 Signaling that a reboot is required\n+9.12 Signaling that a reboot is required\n Programs can signal that a reboot is required by touching /run/reboot-required. It is conventional to add the name\n of the package(s) requiring the reboot to /run/reboot-required.pkgs. Programs should not add a package name\n to /run/reboot-required.pkgs if it is already present there.\n The /run/reboot-required mechanism is used when a reboot is needed to fully apply the changes introduced by\n package installation or upgrade. Typically it is the postinst maintainer script that touches /run/reboot-required,\n at the end of a successful configuration of the package.\n There are no guarantees provided by the /run/reboot-required convention as to when or whether the requested\n reboot will occur.\n \n-82\n+88\n \n-Chapter 8. The Operating System\n+Chapter 9. The Operating System\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-NINE\n+TEN\n \n FILES\n \n-9.1 Binaries\n+10.1 Binaries\n Two different packages must not install programs with different functionality but with the same filenames. This also\n applies when they are installed into different directories on the default (user or root) PATH. (The case of two programs\n having the same functionality but different implementations is handled via \u201calternatives\u201d or the \u201cConflicts\u201d mechanism.\n See Maintainer Scripts and Conflicting binary packages - Conflicts respectively.) If this case happens, one of the programs\n must be renamed. The maintainers should report this to the debian-devel mailing list and try to find a consensus about\n which program will have to be renamed. If a consensus cannot be reached, both programs must be renamed.\n There is an exception to the above rules for /usr/games: packages that already install programs to /usr/games, where\n@@ -4585,15 +4886,15 @@\n LDFLAGS = # none\n \n By default all installed binaries should be stripped by calling\n strip --strip-unneeded --remove-section=.comment --remove-section=.note binaries\n \n on the binaries after they have been copied into debian/tmp but before the tree is made into a package.\n \n-83\n+89\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n It is not recommended to strip binaries by passing the -s flag to install, because this fails to remove .comment and\n .note sections, and also prevents the automatic creation of dbgsym binary packages by tools like dh_strip.\n Although binaries in the build tree should be compiled with debugging information by default, it can often be difficult to\n debug programs if they are also subjected to compiler optimization. For this reason, it is recommended to support the\n@@ -4601,15 +4902,15 @@\n can contain several flags to change how a package is compiled and built.\n It is up to the package maintainer to decide what compilation options are best for the package. Certain binaries (such\n as computationally-intensive programs) will function better with certain flags (-O3, for example); feel free to use them.\n Please use good judgment here. Don\u2019t use flags for the sake of it; only use them if there is good reason to do so. Feel\n free to override the upstream author\u2019s ideas about which compilation options are best: they are often inappropriate for\n our environment.\n \n-9.2 Libraries\n+10.2 Libraries\n If the package is architecture: any, then the shared library compilation and linking flags must have -fPIC, or the\n package shall not build on some of the supported architectures.1 Any exception to this rule must be discussed on the\n mailing list debian-devel@lists.debian.org, and a rough consensus obtained. The reasons for not compiling with -fPIC\n flag must be recorded in the file README.Debian, and care must be taken to either restrict the architecture or arrange\n for -fPIC to be used on architectures where it is required.2\n As to the static libraries, the common case is not to have relocatable code, since there is no benefit, unless in specific cases;\n therefore the static version must not be compiled with the -fPIC flag. Any exception to this rule should be discussed on\n@@ -4638,17 +4939,17 @@\n 3 Some of the reasons for linking static libraries with the -fPIC flag are if, for example, one needs a Perl API for a library that is under rapid\n development, and has an unstable API, so shared libraries are pointless at this phase of the library\u2019s development. In that case, since Perl needs a library\n with relocatable code, it may make sense to create a static library with relocatable code. Another reason cited is if you are distilling various libraries\n into a common shared library, like mklibs does in the Debian installer project.\n 4 You might want to replace --strip-unneeded with --strip-debug for static libraries, as dh_strip does. When stripping static libraries, you\n should also pass --enable-deterministic-archives to ensure that your package build is reproducible.\n \n-84\n+90\n \n-Chapter 9. Files\n+Chapter 10. Files\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Note that under some circumstances it may be useful to install a shared library unstripped, for example when building a\n separate package to support debugging. The debhelper dh_strip tool can create such packages automatically.\n Shared object files (often .so files) that are not public libraries, that is, they are not meant to be linked to by third party\n executables (binaries of other packages), should be installed in subdirectories of the /usr/lib or /usr/lib/triplet\n@@ -4671,18 +4972,18 @@\n files alongside the modules so that they can be loaded by libltdl. dependency_libs does not need to be modified\n for libraries or modules that are not installed in directories searched by the dynamic linker by default and not intended\n for use by other packages.\n You must make sure that you use only released versions of shared libraries to build your packages; otherwise other users\n will not be able to run your binaries properly. Producing source packages that depend on unreleased compilers is also\n usually a bad idea.\n \n-9.3 Shared libraries\n+10.3 Shared libraries\n This section has moved to Shared libraries.\n \n-9.4 Scripts\n+10.4 Scripts\n All command scripts, including the package maintainer scripts inside the package and used by dpkg, should have a #!\n line naming the shell to be used to interpret them.\n In the case of Perl scripts this should be #!/usr/bin/perl.\n When scripts are installed into a directory in the system PATH, the script name should not include an extension such as\n .sh or .pl that denotes the scripting language currently used to implement it.\n Shell scripts (sh and bash) other than init.d scripts should almost certainly start with set -e so that errors are\n detected. init.d scripts are something of a special case, due to how frequently they need to call commands that are\n@@ -4691,17 +4992,17 @@\n Every script should use set -e or check the exit status of every command.\n 5 A common example are the so-called \u201cplug-ins\u201d, internal shared objects that are dynamically loaded by programs using dlopen(3).\n 6 These files store, among other things, all libraries on which that shared library depends. Unfortunately, if the .la file is present and contains\n that dependency information, using libtool when linking against that library will cause the resulting program or library to be linked against those\n dependencies as well, even if this is unnecessary. This can create unneeded dependencies on shared library packages that would otherwise be hidden\n behind the library ABI, and can make library transitions to new SONAMEs unnecessarily complicated and difficult to manage.\n \n-9.3. Shared libraries\n+10.3. Shared libraries\n \n-85\n+91\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Scripts may assume that /bin/sh implements the POSIX.1-2017 Shell Command Language7 plus the following additional features not mandated by POSIX.1-2017..8\n \u2022 echo -n, if implemented as a shell built-in, must not generate a newline.\n \u2022 test, if implemented as a shell built-in, must support -a and -o as binary logical operators.\n \u2022 local to create a scoped variable must be supported, including listing multiple variables in a single local command\n@@ -4729,29 +5030,29 @@\n unix.* FAQs, which can be found at http://www.faqs.org/faqs/unix-faq/shell/csh-whynot/. If an upstream package\n comes with csh scripts then you must make sure that they start with #!/bin/csh and make your package depend on\n the c-shell virtual package.\n \n Any scripts which create files in world-writeable directories (e.g., in /tmp) must use a mechanism which will fail atomically if a file with the same name already exists.\n The Debian base system provides the tempfile and mktemp utilities for use by scripts for this purpose.\n \n-9.5 Symbolic links\n+10.5 Symbolic links\n In general, symbolic links within a top-level directory should be relative, and symbolic links pointing from one toplevel directory to or into another should be absolute. (A top-level directory is a sub-directory of the root directory /.)\n For example, a symbolic link from /usr/lib/foo to /usr/share/bar should be relative (../share/bar), but a\n symbolic link from /var/run to /run should be absolute.9 Symbolic links must not traverse above the root directory.\n In addition, symbolic links should be specified as short as possible, i.e., link targets like foo/../bar are deprecated.\n 7 The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, which is also known as POSIX.1-2017 and as IEEE Std 1003.1-2017 and is available\n on the World Wide Web from The Open Group.\n 8 These features are in widespread use in the Linux community and are implemented in all of bash, dash, and ksh, the most common shells users\n may wish to use as /bin/sh.\n 9 This is necessary to allow top-level directories to be symlinks. If linking /var/run to /run were done with the relative symbolic link ../run,\n but /var were a symbolic link to /srv/disk1, the symbolic link would point to /srv/run rather than the intended target.\n \n-86\n+92\n \n-Chapter 9. Files\n+Chapter 10. Files\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Note that when creating a relative link using ln it is not necessary for the target of the link to exist relative to the working\n directory you\u2019re running ln from, nor is it necessary to change directory to the directory where the link is to be made.\n Simply include the string that should appear as the target of the link (this will be a pathname relative to the directory in\n which the link resides) as the first argument to ln.\n@@ -4761,54 +5062,54 @@\n ln -fs ../sbin/sendmail $(prefix)/bin/runq\n ln -fs ../sbin/sendmail debian/tmp/usr/bin/runq\n \n A symbolic link pointing to a compressed file (in the sense that it is meant to be uncompressed with unzip or zless\n etc.) should always have the same file extension as the referenced file. (For example, if a file foo.gz is referenced by a\n symbolic link, the filename of the link has to end with \u201c.gz\u201d too, as in bar.gz.)\n \n-9.6 Device files\n+10.6 Device files\n Packages must not include device files or named pipes in the package file tree.\n Debian packages should assume that device files in /dev are dynamically managed by the kernel or some other system\n facility and do not have to be explicitly created or managed by the package. Debian packages other than those whose\n purpose is to manage the /dev device file tree must not attempt to create or remove device files in /dev when a dynamic\n device management facility is in use.\n If named pipes or device files outside of /dev are required by a package, they should normally be created when necessary\n by the programs in the package, by init scripts or systemd unit files, or by similar on-demand mechanisms. If such files\n need to be created during package installation, they must be created in the postinst maintainer script10 and removed\n in either the prerm or the postrm maintainer script.\n \n-9.7 Configuration files\n-9.7.1 Definitions\n+10.7 Configuration files\n+10.7.1 Definitions\n configuration file\n A file that affects the operation of a program, or provides site- or host-specific information, or otherwise customizes\n the behavior of a program. Typically, configuration files are intended to be modified by the system administrator\n (if needed or desired) to conform to local policy or to provide more useful site-specific behavior.\n conffile\n \n A file listed in a package\u2019s conffiles file, and is treated specially by dpkg (see Details of configuration).\n The distinction between these two is important; they are not interchangeable concepts. Almost all conffiles are configuration files, but many configuration files are not conffiles.\n As noted elsewhere, /etc/init.d scripts, /etc/default files, scripts installed in /etc/cron.{hourly,daily,\n weekly,monthly}, and cron configuration installed in /etc/cron.d must be treated as configuration files. In general,\n any script that embeds configuration information is de-facto a configuration file and should be treated as such.\n 10 It\u2019s better to use mkfifo rather than mknod to create named pipes to avoid false positives from automated checks for packages incorrectly creating\n device files.\n \n-9.6. Device files\n+10.6. Device files\n \n-87\n+93\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-9.7.2 Location\n+10.7.2 Location\n Any configuration files created or used by your package must reside in /etc. If there are several, consider creating a\n subdirectory of /etc named after your package.\n If your package creates or uses configuration files outside of /etc, and it is not feasible to modify the package to use\n /etc directly, put the files in /etc and create symbolic links to those files from the location that the package requires.\n \n-9.7.3 Behavior\n+10.7.3 Behavior\n Configuration file handling must conform to the following behavior:\n \u2022 local changes must be preserved during a package upgrade, and\n \u2022 configuration files must be preserved when the package is removed, and only deleted when the package is purged.\n Obsolete configuration files without local changes should be removed by the package during upgrade.11\n The easy way to achieve this behavior is to make the configuration file a conffile. This is appropriate only if it is possible\n to distribute a default version that will work for most installations, although some system administrators may choose to\n modify it. This implies that the default version will be part of the package distribution, and must not be modified by the\n@@ -4828,29 +5129,29 @@\n A common practice is to create a script called package-configure and have the package\u2019s postinst call it if and\n only if the configuration file does not already exist. In certain cases it is useful for there to be an example or template file\n which the maintainer scripts use. Such files should be in /usr/share/package or /usr/lib/package (depending\n on whether they are architecture-independent or not). There should be symbolic links to them from /usr/share/doc/\n package/examples if they are examples, and should be perfectly ordinary dpkg-handled files (not configuration files).\n These two styles of configuration file handling must not be mixed, for that way lies madness: dpkg will ask about overwriting the file every time the package is upgraded.\n \n-9.7.4 Sharing configuration files\n+10.7.4 Sharing configuration files\n If two or more packages use the same configuration file and it is reasonable for both to be installed at the same time, one\n of these packages must be defined as owner of the configuration file, i.e., it will be the package which handles that file\n as a configuration file. Other packages that use the configuration file must depend on the owning package if they require\n the configuration file to operate. If the other package will use the configuration file if present, but is capable of operating\n without it, no dependency need be declared.\n If it is desirable for two or more related packages to share a configuration file and for all of the related packages to be\n able to modify that configuration file, then the following should be done:\n 11 The dpkg-maintscript-helper tool, available from the dpkg package, can help for this task.\n 12 Rationale: There are two problems with hard links. The first is that some editors break the link while editing one of the files, so that the two files\n may unwittingly become unlinked and different. The second is that dpkg might break the hard link while upgrading conffiles.\n \n-88\n+94\n \n-Chapter 9. Files\n+Chapter 10. Files\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 1. One of the related packages (the \u201cowning\u201d package) will manage the configuration file with maintainer scripts as\n described in the previous section.\n 2. The owning package should also provide a program that the other packages may use to modify the configuration\n file.\n@@ -4866,15 +5167,15 @@\n handle diverted conffiles well.\n When two packages both declare the same conffile, they may see left-over configuration files from each other even\n though they conflict with each other. If a user removes (without purging) one of the packages and installs the other, the\n new package will take over the conffile from the old package. If the file was modified by the user, it will be treated\n the same as any other locally modified conffile during an upgrade.\n The maintainer scripts must not alter a conffile of any package, including the one the scripts belong to.\n \n-9.7.5 User configuration files (\u201cdotfiles\u201d)\n+10.7.5 User configuration files (\u201cdotfiles\u201d)\n The files in /etc/skel will automatically be copied into new user accounts by adduser. No other program should\n reference the files in /etc/skel.\n Therefore, if a program needs a dotfile to exist in advance in $HOME to work sensibly, that dotfile should be installed in\n /etc/skel and treated as a configuration file.\n However, programs that require dotfiles in order to operate sensibly are a bad thing, unless they do create the dotfiles\n themselves automatically.\n Furthermore, programs should be configured by the Debian default installation to behave as closely to the upstream default\n@@ -4883,24 +5184,24 @@\n be done using a site-wide configuration file placed in /etc. Only if the program doesn\u2019t support a site-wide default\n configuration and the package maintainer doesn\u2019t have time to add it may a default per-user file be placed in /etc/skel.\n /etc/skel should be as empty as we can make it. This is particularly true because there is no easy (or necessarily\n \n desirable) mechanism for ensuring that the appropriate dotfiles are copied into the accounts of existing users when a\n package is installed.\n \n-9.8 Log files\n+10.8 Log files\n Log files should usually be named /var/log/package.log. If you have many log files, or need a separate directory\n for permission reasons (/var/log is writable only by root), you should usually create a directory named /var/log/\n package and place your log files there.\n Log files must be rotated occasionally so that they don\u2019t grow indefinitely. The best way to do this is to install a log\n rotation configuration file in the directory /etc/logrotate.d, normally named /etc/logrotate.d/package, and\n \n-9.8. Log files\n+10.8. Log files\n \n-89\n+95\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n use the facilities provided by logrotate.13 Here is a good example for a logrotate config file (for more information see\n logrotate(8)):\n /var/log/foo/*.log {\n rotate 12\n@@ -4914,20 +5215,20 @@\n \n This rotates all files under /var/log/foo, saves 12 compressed generations, and tells the daemon to reopen its log files\n after the log rotation. It skips this log rotation (via missingok) if no such log file is present, which avoids errors if the\n package is removed but not purged.\n Log files should be removed when the package is purged (but not when it is only removed). This should be done by the\n postrm script when it is called with the argument purge (see Details of removal and/or configuration purging).\n \n-9.9 Locale files\n+10.9 Locale files\n The directory /usr/share/locale/ contains localization files for different locales.\n Packages should not require the existence of any files in /usr/share/locale/ in order to function in a C or C.UTF-8\n locale.\n \n-9.10 Permissions and owners\n+10.10 Permissions and owners\n The rules in this section are guidelines for general use. If necessary you may deviate from the details below. However, if\n you do so you must make sure that what is done is secure and you should try to be as consistent as possible with the rest\n of the system. You are also encouraged to discuss it on debian-devel first.\n Files should be owned by root:root, and made writable only by the owner and universally readable (and executable, if\n appropriate), that is mode 644 or 755.\n Directories should be mode 755 or (for group-writability) mode 2775. The ownership of the directory should be consistent\n with its mode: if a directory is mode 2775, it should be owned by the group that needs write access to it.14\n@@ -4943,17 +5244,17 @@\n logrotate.conf) and a directory where packages can drop their individual log rotation configurations (/etc/logrotate.d).\n 14 When a package is upgraded, and the owner or permissions of a file included in the package has changed, dpkg arranges for the ownership and\n permissions to be correctly set upon installation. However, this does not extend to directories; the permissions and ownership of directories already on\n the system does not change on install or upgrade of packages. This makes sense, since otherwise common directories like /usr would always be in\n flux. To correctly change permissions of a directory the package owns, explicit action is required, usually in the postinst script. Care must be taken\n to handle downgrades as well, in that case.\n \n-90\n+96\n \n-Chapter 9. Files\n+Chapter 10. Files\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Some setuid programs need to be restricted to particular sets of users, using file permissions. In this case they should be\n owned by the uid to which they are set-id, and by the group which should be allowed to execute them. They should have\n mode 4754; again there is no point in making them unreadable to those users who must not be allowed to execute them.\n It is possible to arrange that the system administrator can reconfigure the package to correspond to their local security\n@@ -4975,15 +5276,15 @@\n this on debian-devel and checking that it is unique. When this has been checked you must arrange for your package\n to create the user or group if necessary using adduser in the preinst or postinst script (again, the latter is to be\n preferred if it is possible).\n Note that changing the numeric value of an id associated with a name is very difficult, and involves searching the file\n system for all appropriate files. You need to think carefully whether a static or dynamic id is required, since changing\n your mind later will cause problems.\n \n-9.10.1 The use of dpkg-statoverride\n+10.10.1 The use of dpkg-statoverride\n This section is not intended as policy, but as a description of the use of dpkg-statoverride.\n If a system administrator wishes to have a file (or directory or other such thing) installed with owner and permissions\n different from those in the distributed Debian package, they can use the dpkg-statoverride program to instruct dpkg\n to use the different settings every time the file is installed. Thus the package maintainer should distribute the files with\n their normal permissions, and leave it for the system administrator to make any desired changes. For example, a daemon\n which is normally required to be setuid root, but in certain situations could be used without being setuid, should be\n installed setuid in the .deb. Then the local system administrator can change this if they wish. If there are two standard\n@@ -5000,17 +5301,17 @@\n if ! dpkg-statoverride --list $i >/dev/null 2>&1; then\n #include: debconf processing, question about foo and bar\n (continues on next page)\n 15 Ordinary files installed by dpkg (as opposed to conffiles and other similar objects) normally have their permissions reset to the distributed\n \n permissions when the package is reinstalled. However, the use of dpkg-statoverride overrides this default behavior.\n \n-9.10. Permissions and owners\n+10.10. Permissions and owners\n \n-91\n+97\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n (continued from previous page)\n \n if [ \"$RET\" = \"true\" ] ; then\n dpkg-statoverride --update --add sysuser root 4755 $i\n@@ -5021,67 +5322,67 @@\n The corresponding code to remove the override when the package is purged would be:\n for i in /usr/bin/foo /usr/sbin/bar; do\n if dpkg-statoverride --list $i >/dev/null 2>&1; then\n dpkg-statoverride --remove $i\n fi\n done\n \n-9.11 File names\n+10.11 File names\n The name of the files installed by binary packages in the system PATH (namely /bin, /sbin, /usr/bin, /usr/sbin\n and /usr/games) must be encoded in ASCII.\n The name of the files and directories installed by binary packages outside the system PATH must be encoded in UTF-8\n and should be restricted to ASCII when it is possible to do so.\n \n-92\n+98\n \n-Chapter 9. Files\n+Chapter 10. Files\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-TEN\n+ELEVEN\n \n CUSTOMIZED PROGRAMS\n \n-10.1 Architecture specification strings\n+11.1 Architecture specification strings\n If a program needs to specify an architecture specification string in some place, it should select one of the strings provided\n by dpkg-architecture -L. The strings are in the format os-arch, though the OS part is sometimes elided, as when\n the OS is Linux.\n Note that we don\u2019t want to use arch-debian-linux to apply to the rule architecture-vendor-os since\n this would make our programs incompatible with other Linux distributions. We also don\u2019t use something like\n arch-unknown-linux, since the unknown does not look very good.\n \n-10.1.1 Architecture wildcards\n+11.1.1 Architecture wildcards\n A package may specify an architecture wildcard. Architecture wildcards are in the format any (which matches every\n architecture), os-any, or any-cpu.1\n \n-10.2 Daemons\n+11.2 Daemons\n The configuration files /etc/services, /etc/protocols, and /etc/rpc are managed by the netbase package and\n must not be modified by other packages.\n If a package requires a new entry in one of these files, the maintainer should get in contact with the netbase maintainer,\n who will add the entries and release a new version of the netbase package.\n The configuration file /etc/inetd.conf must not be modified by the package\u2019s scripts except via the update-inetd\n script or the DebianNet.pm Perl module. See their documentation for details on how to add entries.\n If a package wants to install an example entry into /etc/inetd.conf, the entry must be preceded with exactly one\n hash character (#). Such lines are treated as \u201ccommented out by user\u201d by the update-inetd script and are not changed\n or activated during package updates.\n \n-10.3 Using pseudo-ttys and modifying wtmp, utmp and lastlog\n+11.3 Using pseudo-ttys and modifying wtmp, utmp and lastlog\n Some programs need to create pseudo-ttys. This should be done using Unix98 ptys if the C library supports it. The\n resulting program must not be installed setuid root, unless that is required for other functionality.\n The files /var/run/utmp, /var/log/wtmp and /var/log/lastlog must be installed writable by group utmp. Programs which need to modify those files must be installed setgid utmp.\n 1 Internally, the package system normalizes the GNU triplets and the Debian arches into Debian arch triplets (which are kind of inverted GNU\n triplets), with the first component of the triplet representing the libc and ABI in use, and then does matching against those triplets. However, such\n triplets are an internal implementation detail that should not be used by packages directly. The libc and ABI portion is handled internally by the package\n system based on the os and cpu.\n \n-93\n+99\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-10.4 Editors and pagers\n+11.4 Editors and pagers\n Some programs have the ability to launch an editor or pager program to edit or display a text document. Since there are\n lots of different editors and pagers available in the Debian distribution, the system administrator and each user should\n have the possibility to choose their preferred editor and pager.\n In addition, every program should choose a good default editor/pager if none is selected by the user or system administrator.\n Thus, every program that launches an editor or pager must use the EDITOR or PAGER environment variable to determine\n the editor or pager the user wishes to use. If these variables are not set, the programs /usr/bin/editor and /usr/\n bin/pager should be used, respectively. These commands may be invoked explicitly (e.g., as /usr/bin/editor) or\n@@ -5095,15 +5396,15 @@\n These are two scripts provided in the sensible-utils package that check the EDITOR and PAGER variables and launch\n the appropriate program, and fall back to /usr/bin/editor and /usr/bin/pager if the variable is not set.\n A program may also use the VISUAL environment variable to determine the user\u2019s choice of editor. If it exists, it should\n take precedence over EDITOR. This is in fact what /usr/bin/sensible-editor does.\n It is not required for a package to depend on editor and pager, nor is it required for a package to provide such virtual\n packages.2\n \n-10.5 Web servers and applications\n+11.5 Web servers and applications\n This section describes the locations and URLs that should be used by all web servers and web applications in the Debian\n system.\n 1. Cgi-bin executable files are installed in the directory\n /usr/lib/cgi-bin\n \n or a subdirectory of that directory, and the script\n /usr/lib/cgi-bin/.../cgi-bin-name\n@@ -5114,17 +5415,17 @@\n 2. (Deleted)\n 3. Access to images\n Images for a package should be stored in /usr/share/images/package and referred to through an alias /\n images/ as:\n http://localhost/images/package/filename\n 2 The Debian base system already provides an editor and a pager program.\n \n-94\n+100\n \n-Chapter 10. Customized programs\n+Chapter 11. Customized programs\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 4. Web Document Root\n Web Applications should try to avoid storing files in the Web Document Root. Instead they should use the\n /usr/share/doc/package directory for documents. If access to the web document root is unavoidable then use\n /var/www/html\n@@ -5133,15 +5434,15 @@\n the real document root.\n 5. Providing httpd and/or httpd-cgi\n All web servers should provide the virtual package httpd. If a web server has CGI support it should provide\n httpd-cgi additionally.\n All web applications which do not contain CGI scripts should depend on httpd, all those web applications which\n do contain CGI scripts, should depend on httpd-cgi.\n \n-10.6 Mail transport, delivery and user agents\n+11.6 Mail transport, delivery and user agents\n Debian packages which process electronic mail, whether mail user agents (MUAs) or mail transport agents (MTAs), must\n ensure that they are compatible with the configuration decisions below. Failure to do this may result in lost mail, broken\n From: lines, and other serious brain damage!\n The mail spool is /var/mail and the interface to send a mail message is /usr/sbin/sendmail (as per the FHS). On\n older systems, the mail spool may be physically located in /var/spool/mail, but all access to the mail spool should\n be via the /var/mail symlink. The mail spool is part of the base system and not part of the MTA package.\n All Debian MUAs, MTAs, MDAs and other mailbox accessing programs (such as IMAP daemons) must lock the mailbox\n@@ -5168,17 +5469,17 @@\n time, and start over locking again.\n 4 There are two traditional permission schemes for mail spools: mode 600 with all mail delivery done by processes running as the destination user,\n or mode 660 and owned by group mail with mail delivery done by a process running as a system user in group mail. Historically, Debian required mode\n 660 mail spools to enable the latter model, but that model has become increasingly uncommon and the principle of least privilege indicates that mail\n systems that use the first model should use permissions of 600. If delivery to programs is permitted, it\u2019s easier to keep the mail system secure if the\n delivery agent runs as the destination user. Debian Policy therefore permits either scheme.\n \n-10.6. Mail transport, delivery and user agents\n+11.6. Mail transport, delivery and user agents\n \n-95\n+101\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n If your package needs to know what hostname to use on (for example) outgoing news and mail messages which are\n generated locally, you should use the file /etc/mailname. It will contain the portion after the username and @ (at) sign\n for email addresses of users on the machine (followed by a newline).\n Such a package should check for the existence of this file when it is being configured. If it exists, it should be used\n@@ -5189,74 +5490,74 @@\n Please enter the \"mail name\" of your system. This is the hostname portion\n of the address to be shown on outgoing news and mail messages. The\n default is syshostname, your system's host name.\n Mail name [\"syshostname\"]:\n \n where syshostname is the output of hostname --fqdn.\n \n-10.7 News system configuration\n+11.7 News system configuration\n All the configuration files related to the NNTP (news) servers and clients should be located under /etc/news.\n There are some configuration issues that apply to a number of news clients and server packages on the machine. These\n are:\n /etc/news/organization\n \n A string which should appear as the organization header for all messages posted by NNTP clients on the machine\n /etc/news/server\n \n Contains the FQDN of the upstream NNTP server, or localhost if the local machine is an NNTP server.\n Other global files may be added as required for cross-package news configuration.\n \n-10.8 Programs for the X Window System\n-10.8.1 Providing X support and package priorities\n+11.8 Programs for the X Window System\n+11.8.1 Providing X support and package priorities\n Programs that can be configured with support for the X Window System must be configured to do so and must declare\n any package dependencies necessary to satisfy their runtime requirements when using the X Window System. If such a\n package is of higher priority than the X packages on which it depends, it is required that either the X-specific components\n be split into a separate package, or that an alternative version of the package, which includes X support, be provided, or\n that the package\u2019s priority be lowered.\n \n-10.8.2 Packages providing an X server\n+11.8.2 Packages providing an X server\n Packages that provide an X server that, directly or indirectly, communicates with real input and display hardware should\n declare in their Provides control field that they provide the virtual package xserver.5\n 5 This implements current practice, and provides an actual policy for usage of the xserver virtual package which appears in the virtual packages\n list. In a nutshell, X servers that interface directly with the display and input hardware or via another subsystem (e.g., GGI) should provide xserver.\n Things like Xvfb, Xnest, and Xprt should not.\n \n-96\n+102\n \n-Chapter 10. Customized programs\n+Chapter 11. Customized programs\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-10.8.3 Packages providing a terminal emulator\n+11.8.3 Packages providing a terminal emulator\n Packages that provide a terminal emulator for the X Window System which meet the criteria listed below should declare\n in their Provides control field that they provide the virtual package x-terminal-emulator. They should also register\n themselves as an alternative for /usr/bin/x-terminal-emulator, with a priority of 20. That alternative should have\n a slave alternative for /usr/share/man/man1/x-terminal-emulator.1.gz pointing to the corresponding manual\n page.\n To be an x-terminal-emulator, a program must:\n \u2022 Be able to emulate a DEC VT100 terminal, or a compatible terminal.\n \u2022 Support the command-line option -e command, which creates a new terminal window6 and runs the specified\n command. may be multiple arguments, which form the argument list to the executed program. In\n other words, the behavior is as though the arguments were passed directly to execvp, bypassing the shell. (xterm\u2019s\n behavior of falling back on using the shell if -e had a single argument and exec failed is permissible but not\n required.)\n \u2022 Support the command-line option -T title, which creates a new terminal window with the window title title.\n \n-10.8.4 Packages providing a window manager\n+11.8.4 Packages providing a window manager\n Packages that provide a window manager should declare in their Provides control field that they provide the virtual package x-window-manager. They should also register themselves as an alternative for /usr/bin/x-window-manager,\n with a priority calculated as follows:\n \u2022 Start with a priority of 40.\n \u2022 If the window manager complies with The Window Manager Specification Project, written by the Free Desktop\n Group, add 40 points.\n \u2022 If the window manager permits the X session to be restarted using a different window manager (without killing the\n X server) in its default configuration, add 10 points; otherwise add none.\n That alternative should have a slave alternative for /usr/share/man/man1/x-window-manager.1.gz pointing to\n the corresponding manual page.\n \n-10.8.5 Packages providing fonts\n+11.8.5 Packages providing fonts\n Packages that provide fonts for the X Window System7 must do a number of things to ensure that they are both available\n without modification of the X or font server configuration, and that they do not corrupt files used by other font packages\n to register information about themselves.\n 1. Fonts of any type supported by the X Window System must be in a separate binary package from any executables,\n libraries, or documentation (except that specific to the fonts shipped, such as their license information). If one or\n more of the fonts so packaged are necessary for proper operation of the package with which they are associated\n the font package may be Recommended; if the fonts merely provide an enhancement, a Suggests relationship may\n@@ -5268,17 +5569,17 @@\n emulator application were so coded, be a new \u201cview\u201d in a multiple-document interface (MDI).\n 7 For the purposes of Debian Policy, a \u201cfont for the X Window System\u201d is one which is accessed via X protocol requests. Fonts for the Linux\n console, for PostScript renderer, or any other purpose, do not fit this definition. Any tool which makes such fonts available to the X Window System,\n however, must abide by this font policy.\n 8 This is because an X client may be displayed by a remote X server, in which case X fonts are provided by the remote X server, not retrieved\n locally; the Debian package system is empowered to deal only with the local file system.\n \n-10.8. Programs for the X Window System\n+11.8. Programs for the X Window System\n \n-97\n+103\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n \u2022 75 dpi fonts must be placed in /usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/.\n \u2022 Character-cell fonts, cursor fonts, and other low-resolution fonts must be placed in /usr/share/fonts/\n X11/misc/.\n 3. Type 1 fonts must be placed in /usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1/. If font metric files are available, they must\n@@ -5311,54 +5612,54 @@\n both the postinst (for all arguments) and postrm (for all arguments except upgrade) scripts.\n 12. Font packages must invoke update-fonts-dir on each directory into which they installed fonts. This invocation\n must occur in both the postinst (for all arguments) and postrm (for all arguments except upgrade) scripts.\n 13. Font packages must not provide alias names for the fonts they include which collide with alias names already in use\n by fonts already packaged.\n 14. Font packages must not provide fonts with the same XLFD registry name as another font already packaged.\n \n-10.8.6 Application defaults files\n+11.8.6 Application defaults files\n Application defaults files must be installed in the directory /etc/X11/app-defaults/ (use of a localized subdirectory\n of /etc/X11/ as described in the X Toolkit Intrinsics - C Language Interface manual is also permitted). They must be\n registered as conffiles or handled as configuration files.\n Customization of programs\u2019 X resources may also be supported with the provision of a file with the same name as that of\n the package placed in the /etc/X11/Xresources/ directory, which must be registered as a conffile or handled as\n a configuration file.9\n 9 Note that this mechanism is not the same as using app-defaults; app-defaults are tied to the client binary on the local file system, whereas X\n \n-98\n+104\n \n-Chapter 10. Customized programs\n+Chapter 11. Customized programs\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-10.8.7 Installation directory issues\n+11.8.7 Installation directory issues\n Historically, packages using the X Window System used a separate set of installation directories from other packages.\n This practice has been discontinued and packages using the X Window System should now generally be installed in the\n same directories as any other package. Specifically, packages must not install files under the /usr/X11R6/ directory\n and the /usr/X11R6/ directory hierarchy should be regarded as obsolete.\n Include files previously installed under /usr/X11R6/include/X11/ should be installed into /usr/include/X11/.\n For files previously installed into subdirectories of /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/, package maintainers should determine if\n subdirectories of /usr/lib/ and /usr/share/ can be used. If not, a subdirectory of /usr/lib/X11/ should be\n used.\n Configuration files for window, display, or session managers or other applications that are tightly integrated with the X\n Window System may be placed in a subdirectory of /etc/X11/ corresponding to the package name. Other X Window\n System applications should use the /etc/ directory unless otherwise mandated by policy (such as for Application defaults\n files).\n \n-10.9 Perl programs and modules\n+11.9 Perl programs and modules\n Perl programs and modules should follow the current Perl policy.\n The Perl policy can be found in the perl-policy files in the debian-policy package. It is also available from the\n Debian web mirrors at https://www.debian.org/doc/packaging-manuals/perl-policy/.\n \n-10.10 Emacs lisp programs\n+11.10 Emacs lisp programs\n Please refer to the \u201cDebian Emacs Policy\u201d for details of how to package emacs lisp programs.\n The Emacs policy is available in debian-emacs-policy.gz of the emacsen-common package. It is also available\n from the Debian web mirrors at https://www.debian.org/doc/packaging-manuals/debian-emacs-policy.\n \n-10.11 Games\n+11.11 Games\n The permissions on /var/games are mode 755, owner root and group root.\n Each game decides on its own security policy.\n Games which require protected, privileged access to high-score files, saved games, etc., may be made set-group-id (mode\n 2755) and owned by root:games, and use files and directories with appropriate permissions (770 root:games, for\n example). They must not be made set-user-id, as this causes security problems. (If an attacker can subvert any set-user-id\n game they can overwrite the executable of any other, causing other players of these games to run a Trojan horse program.\n With a set-group-id game the attacker only gets access to less important game data, and if they can get at the other players\u2019\n@@ -5370,31 +5671,31 @@\n programs set-id, which reduces the risk of a security hole.\n As described in the FHS, binaries of games should be installed in the directory /usr/games. This also applies to games\n that use the X Window System. Manual pages for games (X and non-X games) should be installed in /usr/share/\n man/man6.\n \n resources are stored in the X server and affect all connecting clients.\n \n-10.9. Perl programs and modules\n+11.9. Perl programs and modules\n \n-99\n+105\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-100\n+106\n \n-Chapter 10. Customized programs\n+Chapter 11. Customized programs\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-ELEVEN\n+TWELVE\n \n DOCUMENTATION\n \n-11.1 Manual pages\n+12.1 Manual pages\n You should install manual pages in nroff source form, in appropriate places under /usr/share/man. You should only\n use sections 1 to 9 (see the FHS for more details). You must not install a pre-formatted \u201ccat page\u201d.\n Each program, utility, and function should have an associated manual page included in the same package or a dependency.\n It is suggested that all configuration files also have a manual page included as well. Manual pages for protocols and other\n auxiliary things are optional.\n If no manual page is available, this is considered as a bug and should be reported to the Debian Bug Tracking System (the\n maintainer of the package is allowed to write this bug report themselves, if they so desire). Do not close the bug report\n@@ -5420,23 +5721,23 @@\n 1 It is not very hard to write a man page. See the Man-Page-HOWTO, man(7), the examples created by dh_make, the helper program help2man,\n or the directory /usr/share/doc/man-db/examples.\n 2 Supporting this in man often requires unreasonable processing time to find a manual page or to report that none exists, and moves knowledge into\n man\u2019s database that would be better left in the file system. This support is therefore deprecated and will cease to be present in the future.\n 3 man will automatically detect whether UTF-8 is in use. In future, all manual pages will be required to use UTF-8.\n 4 At the time of writing, Chinese and Portuguese are the main languages with such differences, so pt_BR, zh_CN, and zh_TW are all allowed.\n \n-101\n+107\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Packages (other than manual page readers) must not require the existence of any files in /usr/share/man/ in order to\n function. A package that optionally displays its own manual pages, such as to provide user help, must fail gracefully if\n the manual pages aren\u2019t installed.\n \n-11.2 Info documents\n+12.2 Info documents\n Info documents should be installed in /usr/share/info. They should be compressed with gzip -9.\n The install-info program maintains a directory of installed info documents in /usr/share/info/dir for the use\n of info readers. This file must not be included in packages other than install-info.\n install-info is automatically invoked when appropriate using dpkg triggers. Packages other than install-info should\n not invoke install-info directly and should not depend on, recommend, or suggest install-info for this purpose.\n \n Info readers requiring the /usr/share/info/dir file should depend on install-info.\n@@ -5450,15 +5751,15 @@\n An example info directory entry.\n END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY\n \n To determine which section to use, you should look at /usr/share/info/dir on your system and choose the most\n relevant (or create a new section if none of the current sections are relevant).5\n Packages (other than info readers) must not require the existence of any files in /usr/share/info/ in order to function.\n \n-11.3 Additional documentation\n+12.3 Additional documentation\n Any additional documentation that comes with the package may be installed at the discretion of the package maintainer.\n It is often a good idea to include text information files (READMEs, FAQs, and so forth) that come with the source package\n in the binary package. However, you don\u2019t need to install the instructions for building and installing the package, of\n course!\n Plain text documentation should be compressed with gzip -9 unless it is small.\n If a package comes with large amounts of documentation that many users of the package will not require, you should create\n a separate binary package to contain it so that it does not take up disk space on the machines of users who do not need\n@@ -5474,17 +5775,17 @@\n @dircategory Individual utilities\n @direntry\n * example: (example). An example info directory entry.\n @end direntry\n \n to the Texinfo source of the document and ensure that the info documents are rebuilt from source during the package build.\n \n-102\n+108\n \n-Chapter 11. Documentation\n+Chapter 12. Documentation\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n package-doc provides HTML or other formats, package should declare at most a Suggests on package-doc. Otherwise,\n package should declare at most a Recommends on package-doc.\n Additional documentation included in the package should be installed under /usr/share/doc/package. If the documentation is packaged separately, as package-doc for example, it may be installed under either that path or into the\n documentation directory for the separate documentation package (/usr/share/doc/package-doc in this example).\n@@ -5496,26 +5797,26 @@\n Packages must not require the existence of any files in /usr/share/doc/ in order to function.6 Any files that are\n used or read by programs but are also useful as stand alone documentation should be installed elsewhere, such as under\n /usr/share/package/, and then included via symbolic links in /usr/share/doc/package.\n /usr/share/doc/package is permitted to be a symbolic link to another directory in /usr/share/doc only if the\n two packages both come from the same source and the first package Depends on the second. Otherwise, /usr/share/\n doc/package must not be a symbolic link.7\n \n-11.4 Preferred documentation formats\n+12.4 Preferred documentation formats\n The unification of Debian documentation is being carried out via HTML.\n If the package comes with extensive documentation in a markup format that can be converted to various other formats\n you should if possible ship HTML versions in a binary package.8 The documentation must be installed as specified in\n Additional documentation.\n Other formats such as PostScript may be provided at the package maintainer\u2019s discretion.\n \n-11.5 Copyright information\n+12.5 Copyright information\n Every package must be accompanied by a verbatim copy of its distribution license(s) in the file /usr/share/doc/\n PACKAGE/copyright. This file must neither be compressed nor be a symbolic link.\n A verbatim copy of the package\u2019s copyright information is often required to be present in /usr/share/doc/PACKAGE/\n-copyright, too; see s-pkgcopyright.\n+copyright, too; see Copyright considerations.\n In addition, the copyright file must say where the upstream sources (if any) were obtained, and should include a name or\n contact address for the upstream authors. This can be the name of an individual or an organization, an email address, a\n web forum or bugtracker, or any other means to unambiguously identify who to contact to participate in the development\n of the upstream source code.\n Packages in the contrib or non-free archive areas should state in the copyright file that the package is not part of the\n Debian distribution and briefly explain why.\n A copy of the file which will be installed in /usr/share/doc/PACKAGE/copyright should be in debian/\n@@ -5524,45 +5825,45 @@\n packages both come from the same source and the first package Depends on the second. Otherwise, /usr/share/\n 6 The system administrator should be able to delete files in /usr/share/doc/ without causing any programs to break.\n 7 Please note that this does not override the section on changelog files below, so the file /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.Debian.gz\n must refer to the changelog for the current version of package in question. In practice, this means that the sources of the target and the destination of\n the symlink must be the same (same source package and version).\n 8 Rationale: The important thing here is that HTML documentation should be available from some binary package.\n \n-11.4. Preferred documentation formats\n+12.4. Preferred documentation formats\n \n-103\n+109\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n doc/package must not be a symbolic link. These rules are important because copyright files must be extractable by\n \n mechanical means.\n Packages distributed under the Apache license (version 2.0), the Artistic license, the Creative Commons CC0-1.0 license, the GNU GPL (versions 1, 2, or 3), the GNU LGPL (versions 2, 2.1, or 3), the GNU FDL (versions 1.2 or\n 1.3), and the Mozilla Public License (version 1.1 or 2.0) should refer to the corresponding files under /usr/share/\n common-licenses,9 rather than quoting them in the copyright file.\n You should not use the copyright file as a general README file. If your package has such a file it should be installed in\n /usr/share/doc/package/README or README.Debian or some other appropriate place.\n All copyright files must be encoded in UTF-8.\n \n-11.5.1 Machine-readable copyright information\n+12.5.1 Machine-readable copyright information\n A specification for a standard, machine-readable format for debian/copyright files is maintained as part of the debianpolicy package. This document is in the copyright-format files in the debian-policy package. It is also available from\n the Debian web mirrors at https://www.debian.org/doc/packaging-manuals/copyright-format/1.0/.\n Use of this format is optional.\n \n-11.6 Examples\n+12.6 Examples\n Any examples (configurations, source files, whatever), should be installed in a directory /usr/share/doc/package/\n examples. These files should not be referenced by any program: they\u2019re there for the benefit of the system administrator\n and users as documentation only. Architecture-specific example files should be installed in a directory /usr/lib/\n package/examples with symbolic links to them from /usr/share/doc/package/examples, or the latter directory\n itself may be a symbolic link to the former.\n If the purpose of a package is to provide examples, then the example files may be installed into /usr/share/doc/\n package.\n \n-11.7 Changelog files and release notes\n+12.7 Changelog files and release notes\n Packages that are not Debian-native must contain a compressed copy of the debian/changelog file from the Debian\n source tree in /usr/share/doc/package with the name changelog.Debian.gz.\n If an upstream release notes file is available, containing a summary of changes between upstream releases intended for\n end users of the package and often called NEWS, it should be accessible as /usr/share/doc/package/NEWS.gz. An\n older practice of installing the upstream release notes as /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.gz is permitted but\n deprecated.\n If there is an upstream changelog available, it may be made available as /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.gz.\n@@ -5582,17 +5883,17 @@\n common-licenses/LGPL-3, /usr/share/common-licenses/GFDL-1.2, /usr/share/common-licenses/GFDL-1.3, /usr/share/\n common-licenses/MPL-1.1, and /usr/share/common-licenses/MPL-2.0 respectively. The University of California BSD license is also\n included in base-files as /usr/share/common-licenses/BSD, but given the brevity of this license, its specificity to code whose copyright is held\n \n by the Regents of the University of California, and the frequency of minor wording changes, its text should be included in the copyright file rather than\n referencing this file.\n \n-104\n+110\n \n-Chapter 11. Documentation\n+Chapter 12. Documentation\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n If the upstream release notes or changelog do not already conform to this naming convention, then this may be achieved\n either by renaming the files, or by adding a symbolic link, at the maintainer\u2019s discretion.10\n All of these files should be installed compressed using gzip -9, as they will become large with time even if they start\n out small.\n@@ -5602,27 +5903,27 @@\n or a changelog); if there is a separate upstream maintainer, but no upstream release notes or changelog, then the Debian\n changelog should still be called changelog.Debian.gz.\n For details about the format and contents of the Debian changelog file, please see Debian changelog: debian/changelog.\n \n 10 Rationale: People should not have to look in places for upstream changelogs merely because they are given different names or are distributed in\n HTML format.\n \n-11.7. Changelog files and release notes\n+12.7. Changelog files and release notes\n \n-105\n+111\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-106\n+112\n \n-Chapter 11. Documentation\n+Chapter 12. Documentation\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-TWELVE\n+THIRTEEN\n \n INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF THESE APPENDICES\n \n These appendices, except the final three, are taken essentially verbatim from the now-deprecated Packaging Manual,\n version 3.2.1.0. They are the chapters which are likely to be of use to package maintainers and which have not already\n been included in the policy document itself. Most of these sections are very likely not relevant to policy; they should\n be treated as documentation for the packaging system. Please note that these appendices are included for convenience,\n@@ -5647,31 +5948,31 @@\n manual does not yet exist.\n The Debian version of the FSF\u2019s GNU hello program is provided as an example for people wishing to create Debian\n packages. However, while the examples are helpful, they do not replace the need to read and follow the Policy and\n Programmer\u2019s Manual.\n \n 1 dpkg is targeted primarily at Debian, but may work on or be ported to other systems.\n \n-107\n+113\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-108\n+114\n \n-Chapter 12. Introduction and scope of these appendices\n+Chapter 13. Introduction and scope of these appendices\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-THIRTEEN\n+FOURTEEN\n \n BINARY PACKAGES (FROM OLD PACKAGING MANUAL)\n \n See deb(5) and Binary package metadata files.\n \n-13.1 Creating package files - dpkg-deb\n+14.1 Creating package files - dpkg-deb\n All manipulation of binary package files is done by dpkg-deb; it\u2019s the only program that has knowledge of the format.\n (dpkg-deb may be invoked by calling dpkg, as dpkg will spot that the options requested are appropriate to dpkg-deb\n and invoke that instead with the same arguments.)\n In order to create a binary package, you must make a directory tree which contains all the files and directories you want\n to have in the file system data part of the package. In Debian-format source packages, this directory is usually either\n debian/tmp or debian/pkg, relative to the top of the package\u2019s source tree.\n They should have the locations (relative to the root of the directory tree you\u2019re constructing) ownerships and permissions\n@@ -5692,19 +5993,19 @@\n dpkg-deb --info filename.deb\n dpkg-deb --contents filename.deb\n dpkg --contents filename.deb\n \n To view the copyright file for a package you could use this command:\n dpkg --fsys-tarfile filename.deb | tar xOf - --wildcards \\*/copyright | pager\n \n-109\n+115\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-13.2 Binary package metadata files\n+14.2 Binary package metadata files\n The package metadata portion of a binary package is a collection of files with names known to dpkg. It will treat the\n contents of these files specially - some of them contain information used by dpkg when installing or removing the package;\n others are scripts which the package maintainer wants dpkg to run.\n It is possible to put other files in the package metadata archive member, but this is not generally a good idea (though they\n will largely be ignored).\n Here is a brief list of the package metadata files supported by dpkg and a summary of what they\u2019re used for.\n control\n@@ -5729,48 +6030,48 @@\n not necessarily every configuration file should be listed here.\n shlibs\n \n This file contains a list of the shared libraries supplied by the package, with dependency details for each. This\n is used by dpkg-shlibdeps when it determines what dependencies are required in a package control file. The\n shlibs file format is described on The shlibs File Format.\n \n-13.3 The binary package control file: control\n+14.3 The binary package control file: control\n The most important package metadata file used by dpkg when it installs a package is control. It contains all the\n package\u2019s \u201cvital statistics\u201d.\n The binary package control files of packages built from Debian sources are made by a special tool, dpkg-gencontrol,\n which reads debian/control and debian/changelog to find the information it needs. See Source packages (from\n old Packaging Manual) for more details.\n The fields in binary package control files are listed in Debian binary package control files \u2013 DEBIAN/control.\n A description of the syntax of control files and the purpose of the fields is available in Control files and their fields.\n \n-13.4 Time Stamps\n+14.4 Time Stamps\n See Time Stamps.\n \n-110\n+116\n \n-Chapter 13. Binary packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n+Chapter 14. Binary packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-FOURTEEN\n+FIFTEEN\n \n SOURCE PACKAGES (FROM OLD PACKAGING MANUAL)\n \n The Debian binary packages in the distribution are generated from Debian sources, which are in a special format to assist\n the easy and automatic building of binaries.\n \n-14.1 Tools for processing source packages\n+15.1 Tools for processing source packages\n Various tools are provided for manipulating source packages; they pack and unpack sources and help build of binary\n packages and help manage the distribution of new versions.\n They are introduced and typical uses described here; see dpkg-source(1) for full documentation about their arguments\n and operation.\n For examples of how to construct a Debian source package, and how to use those utilities that are used by Debian source\n packages, please see the hello example package.\n \n-14.1.1 dpkg-source - packs and unpacks Debian source packages\n+15.1.1 dpkg-source - packs and unpacks Debian source packages\n This program is frequently used by hand, and is also called from package-independent automated building scripts such\n as dpkg-buildpackage.\n To unpack a package it is typically invoked with\n dpkg-source -x .../path/to/filename.dsc\n \n with the filename.tar.gz and filename.diff.gz (if applicable) in the same directory.\n package-version, and if applicable package-version.orig, in the current directory.\n@@ -5780,22 +6081,22 @@\n To create a packed source archive it is typically invoked:\n dpkg-source -b package-version\n \n This will create the .dsc, .tar.gz and .diff.gz (if appropriate) in the current directory. dpkg-source does not\n clean the source tree first - this must be done separately if it is required.\n See also Source packages as archives.\n \n-14.1.2 dpkg-buildpackage - overall package-building control script\n+15.1.2 dpkg-buildpackage - overall package-building control script\n See dpkg-buildpackage(1).\n \n-111\n+117\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-14.1.3 dpkg-gencontrol - generates binary package control files\n+15.1.3 dpkg-gencontrol - generates binary package control files\n This program is usually called from debian/rules (see section_title) in the top level of the source tree.\n This is usually done just before the files and directories in the temporary directory tree where the package is being built\n have their permissions and ownerships set and the package is constructed using dpkg-deb/.1\n dpkg-gencontrol must be called after all the files which are to go into the package have been placed in the temporary\n \n build directory, so that its calculation of the installed size of a package is correct.\n It is also necessary for dpkg-gencontrol to be run after dpkg-shlibdeps so that the variable substitutions created\n@@ -5806,88 +6107,88 @@\n dpkg-gencontrol -Pdebian/pkg -ppackage\n \n The -P tells dpkg-gencontrol that the package is being built in a non-default directory, and the -p tells it which binary\n package\u2019s control file should be generated.\n dpkg-gencontrol also adds information to the list of files in debian/files, for the benefit of (for example) a future\n invocation of dpkg-genchanges.\n \n-14.1.4 dpkg-shlibdeps - calculates shared library dependencies\n+15.1.4 dpkg-shlibdeps - calculates shared library dependencies\n See dpkg-shlibdeps(1).\n \n-14.1.5 dpkg-distaddfile - adds a file to debian/files\n+15.1.5 dpkg-distaddfile - adds a file to debian/files\n Some packages\u2019 uploads need to include files other than the source and binary package files.\n dpkg-distaddfile adds a file to the debian/files file so that it will be included in the .changes file when\n dpkg-genchanges is run.\n \n It is usually invoked from the binary target of debian/rules:\n dpkg-distaddfile filename section priority\n \n The filename is relative to the directory where dpkg-genchanges will expect to find it - this is usually the directory\n above the top level of the source tree. The debian/rules target should put the file there just before or just after calling\n dpkg-distaddfile.\n The section and priority are passed unchanged into the resulting .changes file.\n \n-14.1.6 dpkg-genchanges - generates a .changes upload control file\n+15.1.6 dpkg-genchanges - generates a .changes upload control file\n See dpkg-genchanges(1).\n \n-14.1.7 dpkg-parsechangelog - produces parsed representation of a changelog\n+15.1.7 dpkg-parsechangelog - produces parsed representation of a changelog\n See dpkg-parsechangelog(1).\n 1 This is so that the control file which is produced has the right permissions\n \n-112\n+118\n \n-Chapter 14. Source packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n+Chapter 15. Source packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-14.1.8 dpkg-architecture - information about the build and host system\n+15.1.8 dpkg-architecture - information about the build and host system\n See dpkg-architecture(1).\n \n-14.2 The Debian package source tree\n+15.2 The Debian package source tree\n The source archive scheme described later is intended to allow a Debian package source tree with some associated package\n metadata to be reproduced and transported easily. The Debian package source tree is a version of the original program\n with certain files added for the benefit of the packaging process, and with any other changes required made to the rest of\n the source code and installation scripts.\n The extra files created for Debian are in the subdirectory debian of the top level of the Debian package source tree.\n They are described below.\n \n-14.2.1 debian/rules - the main building script\n+15.2.1 debian/rules - the main building script\n See Main building script: debian/rules.\n \n-14.2.2 debian/substvars and variable substitutions\n+15.2.2 debian/substvars and variable substitutions\n See Variable substitutions: debian/substvars.\n \n-14.2.3 debian/files\n+15.2.3 debian/files\n See Generated files list: debian/files.\n \n-14.2.4 debian/tmp\n+15.2.4 debian/tmp\n This is the default temporary location for the construction of binary packages by the binary target. The directory tmp\n serves as the root of the file system tree as it is being constructed (for example, by using the package\u2019s upstream makefiles\n install targets and redirecting the output there), and it also contains the DEBIAN subdirectory. See Creating package files\n - dpkg-deb.\n This is only a default and can be easily overridden. Most packaging tools no longer use debian/tmp, instead preferring\n debian/pkg for the common case of a source package building only one binary package. Such tools usually only use\n debian/tmp as a temporary staging area for built files and do not construct packages from it.\n If several binary packages are generated from the same source tree, it is usual to use a separate debian/pkg directory\n for each binary package as the temporary construction locations.\n Whatever temporary directories are created and used by the binary target must of course be removed by the clean\n target.\n \n-14.3 Source packages as archives\n+15.3 Source packages as archives\n As it exists on the FTP site, a Debian source package consists of three related files. You must have the right versions of\n all three to be able to use them.\n Debian source control file - .dsc\n This file is a control file used by dpkg-source to extract a source package. See Debian source package control\n files \u2013 .dsc.\n Original source archive - package_upstream-version.orig.tar.gz\n This is a compressed (with gzip -9) tar file containing the source code from the upstream authors of the program.\n \n-14.2. The Debian package source tree\n+15.2. The Debian package source tree\n \n-113\n+119\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Debian package diff - package_upstream_version-revision.diff.gz\n This is a unified context diff (diff -u) giving the changes which are required to turn the original source into\n the Debian source. These changes may only include editing and creating plain files. The permissions of files, the\n targets of symbolic links and the characteristics of special files or pipes may not be changed and no files may be\n@@ -5895,27 +6196,27 @@\n All the directories in the diff must exist, except the debian subdirectory of the top of the source tree, which will\n be created by dpkg-source if necessary when unpacking.\n The dpkg-source program will automatically make the debian/rules file executable (see below).\n If there is no original source code - for example, if the package is specially prepared for Debian or the Debian maintainer\n is the same as the upstream maintainer - the format is slightly different: then there is no diff, and the tarfile is named\n package_version.tar.gz, and preferably contains a directory named package-version.\n \n-14.4 Unpacking a Debian source package without dpkg-source\n+15.4 Unpacking a Debian source package without dpkg-source\n dpkg-source -x is the recommended way to unpack a Debian source package. However, if it is not available it is\n \n possible to unpack a Debian source archive as follows:\n 1. Untar the tarfile, which will create a .orig directory.\n 2. Rename the .orig directory to package-version.\n 3. Create the subdirectory debian at the top of the source tree.\n 4. Apply the diff using patch -p0.\n 5. Untar the tarfile again if you want a copy of the original source code alongside the Debian version.\n It is not possible to generate a valid Debian source archive without using dpkg-source. In particular, attempting to use\n diff directly to generate the .diff.gz file will not work.\n \n-14.4.1 Restrictions on objects in source packages\n+15.4.1 Restrictions on objects in source packages\n The source package may not contain any hard links,23 device special files, sockets or setuid or setgid files.4\n The source packaging tools manage the changes between the original and Debian source using diff and patch. Turning\n the original source tree as included in the .orig.tar.gz into the Debian package source must not involve any changes\n which cannot be handled by these tools. Problematic changes which cause dpkg-source to halt with an error when\n building the source package are:\n \u2022 Adding or removing symbolic links, sockets or pipes.\n \u2022 Changing the targets of symbolic links.\n@@ -5927,82 +6228,82 @@\n Changes which are not represented, but which are not detected by dpkg-source, are:\n 2 This is not currently detected when building source packages, but only when extracting them.\n 3 Hard links may be permitted at some point in the future, but would require a fair amount of work.\n 4 Setgid directories are allowed.\n 5 Renaming a file is not treated specially - it is seen as the removal of the old file (which generates a warning, but is otherwise ignored), and the\n creation of the new one.\n \n-114\n+120\n \n-Chapter 14. Source packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n+Chapter 15. Source packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n \u2022 Changing the permissions of files (other than debian/rules) and directories.\n The debian directory and debian/rules are handled specially by dpkg-source - before applying the changes it will\n create the debian directory, and afterwards it will make debian/rules world-executable.\n \n-14.4. Unpacking a Debian source package without dpkg-source\n+15.4. Unpacking a Debian source package without dpkg-source\n \n-115\n+121\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-116\n+122\n \n-Chapter 14. Source packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n+Chapter 15. Source packages (from old Packaging Manual)\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-FIFTEEN\n+SIXTEEN\n \n CONTROL FILES AND THEIR FIELDS (FROM OLD PACKAGING\n MANUAL)\n \n Many of the tools in the dpkg suite manipulate data in a common format, known as control files. Binary and source\n packages have control data as do the .changes files which control the installation of uploaded files, and dpkg\u2019s internal\n databases are in a similar format.\n \n-15.1 Syntax of control files\n+16.1 Syntax of control files\n See Syntax of control files.\n It is important to note that there are several fields which are optional as far as dpkg and the related tools are concerned,\n but which must appear in every Debian package, or whose omission may cause problems.\n \n-15.2 List of fields\n+16.2 List of fields\n See List of fields.\n This section now contains only the fields that didn\u2019t belong to the Policy manual.\n \n-15.2.1 Filename and MSDOS-Filename\n+16.2.1 Filename and MSDOS-Filename\n These fields in Packages files give the filename(s) of (the parts of) a package in the distribution directories, relative to\n the root of the Debian hierarchy. If the package has been split into several parts the parts are all listed in order, separated\n by spaces.\n \n-15.2.2 Size and MD5sum\n+16.2.2 Size and MD5sum\n These fields in Packages files give the size (in bytes, expressed in decimal) and MD5 checksum of the file(s) which\n make(s) up a binary package in the distribution. If the package is split into several parts the values for the parts are listed\n in order, separated by spaces.\n \n-15.2.3 Status\n+16.2.3 Status\n This field in dpkg\u2019s status file records whether the user wants a package installed, removed or left alone, whether it is\n broken (requiring re-installation) or not and what its current state on the system is. Each of these pieces of information\n is a single word.\n \n-117\n+123\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-15.2.4 Config-Version\n+16.2.4 Config-Version\n If a package is not installed or not configured, this field in dpkg\u2019s status file records the last version of the package which\n was successfully configured.\n \n-15.2.5 Conffiles\n+16.2.5 Conffiles\n This field in dpkg\u2019s status file contains information about the automatically-managed configuration files held by a package.\n This field should not appear anywhere in a package!\n \n-15.2.6 Obsolete fields\n+16.2.6 Obsolete fields\n These are still recognized by dpkg but should not appear anywhere any more.\n Revision; Package-Revision; Package_Revision\n \n The Debian revision part of the package version was at one point in a separate control field. This field went through\n several names.\n Recommended\n \n@@ -6010,21 +6311,21 @@\n Optional\n \n Old name for Suggests.\n Class\n \n Old name for Priority.\n \n-118\n+124\n \n-Chapter 15. Control files and their fields (from old Packaging Manual)\n+Chapter 16. Control files and their fields (from old Packaging Manual)\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-SIXTEEN\n+SEVENTEEN\n \n CONFIGURATION FILE HANDLING (FROM OLD PACKAGING\n MANUAL)\n \n dpkg can do a certain amount of automatic handling of package configuration files.\n \n Whether this mechanism is appropriate depends on a number of factors, but basically there are two approaches to any\n@@ -6032,15 +6333,15 @@\n The easy method is to ship a best-effort configuration in the package, and use dpkg\u2019s conffile mechanism to handle updates.\n If the user is unlikely to want to edit the file, but you need them to be able to without losing their changes, and a new\n package with a changed version of the file is only released infrequently, this is a good approach.\n The hard method is to build the configuration file from scratch in the postinst script, and to take the responsibility for\n fixing any mistakes made in earlier versions of the package automatically. This will be appropriate if the file is likely to\n need to be different on each system.\n \n-16.1 Automatic handling of configuration files by dpkg\n+17.1 Automatic handling of configuration files by dpkg\n A binary package may contain a package metadata file called conffiles. This file should be a list of filenames of\n configuration files needing automatic handling, separated by newlines. The filenames should be absolute pathnames, and\n the files referred to should actually exist in the package.\n When a package is upgraded dpkg will process the configuration files during the configuration stage, shortly before it\n runs the package\u2019s postinst script,\n For each file it checks to see whether the version of the file included in the package is the same as the one that was\n included in the last version of the package (the one that is being upgraded from); it also compares the version currently\n@@ -6054,19 +6355,19 @@\n included in the most recent version of the package.\n When a package is installed for the first time dpkg will install the file that comes with it, unless that would mean overwriting a file already on the file system.\n However, note that dpkg will not replace a conffile that was removed by the user (or by a script). This is necessary\n because with some programs a missing file produces an effect hard or impossible to achieve in another way, so that a\n missing file needs to be kept that way if the user did it.\n Note that a package should not modify a dpkg-handled conffile in its maintainer scripts. Doing this will lead to dpkg\n giving the user confusing and possibly dangerous options for conffile update when the package is upgraded.\n-119\n+125\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-16.2 Fully-featured maintainer script configuration handling\n+17.2 Fully-featured maintainer script configuration handling\n For files which contain site-specific information such as the hostname and networking details and so forth, it is better to\n create the file in the package\u2019s postinst script.\n This will typically involve examining the state of the rest of the system to determine values and other information, and\n may involve prompting the user for some information which can\u2019t be obtained some other way.\n When using this method there are a couple of important issues which should be considered:\n If you discover a bug in the program which generates the configuration file, or if the format of the file changes from one\n version to the next, you will have to arrange for the postinst script to do something sensible - usually this will mean editing\n@@ -6074,21 +6375,21 @@\n the user may have changed the file, perhaps to fix the very problem that your script is trying to deal with - you will have\n to detect these situations and deal with them correctly.\n If you do go down this route it\u2019s probably a good idea to make the program that generates the configuration file(s) a\n separate program in /usr/sbin, by convention called packageconfig and then run that if appropriate from the postinstallation script. The packageconfig program should not unquestioningly overwrite an existing configuration - if its\n mode of operation is geared towards setting up a package for the first time (rather than any arbitrary reconfiguration later)\n you should have it check whether the configuration already exists, and require a --force flag to overwrite it.\n \n-120\n+126\n \n-Chapter 16. Configuration file handling (from old Packaging Manual)\n+Chapter 17. Configuration file handling (from old Packaging Manual)\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-SEVENTEEN\n+EIGHTEEN\n \n ALTERNATIVE VERSIONS OF AN INTERFACE - UPDATE-ALTERNATIVES\n (FROM OLD PACKAGING MANUAL)\n \n When several packages all provide different versions of the same program or file it is useful to have the system select a\n default, but to allow the system administrator to change it and have their decisions respected.\n For example, there are several versions of the vi editor, and there is no reason to prevent all of them from being installed\n@@ -6097,26 +6398,26 @@\n If all the packages involved cooperate, this can be done with update-alternatives.\n Each package provides its own version under its own name, and calls update-alternatives in its postinst to register\n its version (and again in its prerm to deregister it).\n See the update-alternatives(8) man page for details.\n If update-alternatives does not seem appropriate you may wish to consider using diversions instead.\n Do not use alternatives for systemd configuration files. See Binary packages for more information.\n \n-121\n+127\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-122\n+128\n \n-Chapter 17. Alternative versions of an interface - update-alternatives (from old Packaging\n+Chapter 18. Alternative versions of an interface - update-alternatives (from old Packaging\n Manual)\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-EIGHTEEN\n+NINETEEN\n \n DIVERSIONS - OVERRIDING A PACKAGE\u2019S VERSION OF A FILE\n (FROM OLD PACKAGING MANUAL)\n \n It is possible to have dpkg not overwrite a file when it reinstalls the package it belongs to, and to have it put the file from\n the package somewhere else instead.\n This can be used locally to override a package\u2019s version of a file, or by one package to override another\u2019s version (or\n@@ -6146,15 +6447,15 @@\n dpkg-divert --package smailwrapper --remove --rename \\\n --divert /usr/sbin/smail.real /usr/sbin/smail\n fi\n \n If the diversion was added at a particular version, the postrm should also handle the failure case of upgrading from an\n older version (unless the older version is so old that direct upgrades are no longer supported):\n \n-123\n+129\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n if [ abort-upgrade = \"$1\" ] && dpkg --compare-versions \"$2\" lt 1.0-2; then\n dpkg-divert --package smailwrapper --remove --rename \\\n --divert /usr/sbin/smail.real /usr/sbin/smail\n fi\n@@ -6164,28 +6465,28 @@\n postrm of the old package is run after unpacking so the removal of the diversion will fail.\n Do not attempt to divert a file which is vitally important for the system\u2019s operation - when using dpkg-divert there is\n a time, after it has been diverted but before dpkg has installed the new version, when the file does not exist.\n Do not attempt to divert a conffile, as dpkg does not handle it well.\n Do not use diversions for files that have their own native override mechanisms, such as systemd unit files. See Binary\n packages for more information.\n \n-124\n+130\n \n-Chapter 18. Diversions - overriding a package\u2019s version of a file (from old Packaging Manual)\n+Chapter 19. Diversions - overriding a package\u2019s version of a file (from old Packaging Manual)\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-NINETEEN\n+TWENTY\n \n DEBIAN POLICY CHANGES PROCESS\n \n-19.1 Introduction\n+20.1 Introduction\n To introduce a change in the current Debian Policy, the change proposal has to go through a certain process.1\n \n-19.2 Change Goals\n+20.2 Change Goals\n \u2022 The change should be technically correct, and consistent with the rest of the policy document. This means no\n legislating the value of \u03c0. This also means that the proposed solution be known to work; iterative design processes\n do not belong in policy.\n \u2022 The change should not be too disruptive; if very many packages become instantly buggy, then instead there should\n be a transition plan. Exceptions should be rare (only if the current state is really untenable), and probably blessed\n by the TC.\n \u2022 The change has to be reviewed in depth, in the open, where any one may contribute; a publicly accessible, archived,\n@@ -6195,83 +6496,83 @@\n including policy maintainers.\n \u2022 The goal is rough consensus on the change, which should not be hard if the matter is technical. Technical issues\n where there is no agreement should be referred to the TC; non-technical issues should be referred to the whole\n developer body, and perhaps general resolutions lie down that path.\n \u2022 Package maintainers whose packages may be impacted should have access to policy change proposals, even if they\n do not subscribe to policy mailing lists (policy gazette?).\n \n-19.3 Current Process\n+20.3 Current Process\n Each suggested change goes through different states. These states are denoted through either usertags of the debianpolicy@packages.debian.org user or, for moreinfo, patch, pending, and wontfix, regular tags.\n Current list of bugs\n The Policy delegates are responsible for managing the tags on bugs and will update tags as new bugs are submitted or as\n activity happens on bugs. All Debian Developers should feel free to add the seconded tag as described below. Other tags\n should be changed with the coordination of the Policy Team.\n 1 This process was originally developed by Margarita Manterola, Clint Adams, Russ Allbery and Manoj Srivastava. In 2017, Sean Whitton deprecated the \u2018issue\u2019 usertag and added use of the \u2018moreinfo\u2019 tag, after discussions at DebConf17.\n \n-125\n+131\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-19.3.1 State A: More information required\n+20.3.1 State A: More information required\n The Policy delegates are unable to determine whether the bug is really a Policy matter, or judge that there are missing\n details that would prevent a fruitful discussion (and may result in a confused and unhelpful discussion).\n Policy delegates ask the original submitter to provide the missing details. Others are asked to refrain from discussing\n whatever they take the issue to be, limiting their postings to attempts to supply the missing details.\n TAG: moreinfo\n What needs to happen next: Submitter (or someone else) provides the requested information within 30 days, or the bug\n is closed.\n The majority of bugs will skip this stage.\n \n-19.3.2 State B: Discussion\n+20.3.2 State B: Discussion\n Discuss remedy. Alternate proposals. Discussion guided by delegates. There should be a clear time limit to this stage,\n but as yet we have not set one.\n TAG: discussion\n What needs to happen next: Reach a conclusion and consensus in the discussion and make a final proposal for what should\n be changed (if anything), moving to the proposal tag.\n \n-19.3.3 State C: Proposal\n+20.3.3 State C: Proposal\n A final proposal has emerged from the discussion, and there is a rough consensus on how to proceed to resolve the issue.\n TAG: proposal\n What needs to happen next: Provided that the rough consensus persists, develop a patch against the current Policy document with specific wording of the change. Often this is done in conjunction with the proposal, in which case one may\n skip this step and move directly to patch tag.\n \n-19.3.4 State D: Wording proposed\n+20.3.4 State D: Wording proposed\n A patch against the Policy document reflecting the consensus has been created and is waiting for formal seconds. The\n standard patch tag is used for this state, since it\u2019s essentially equivalent to the standard meaning of that tag.\n TAG: patch\n What needs to happen next: The proposal needs to be reviewed and seconded. Any Debian developer who agrees with the\n change and the conclusion of rough consensus from the discussion should say so in the bug log by seconding the proposal.\n \n-19.3.5 State E: Seconded\n+20.3.5 State E: Seconded\n The proposal is signed off on by N Debian Developers. To start with, we\u2019re going with N=3, meaning that if three\n Debian Developers agree, not just with the proposal but with the conclusion that it reflects consensus and addresses the\n original issue \u2013 it is considered eligible for inclusion in the next version of Policy. Since Policy is partly a technical project\n governance method, one must be a Debian Developer to formally second, although review and discussion is welcome from\n anyone. Once this tag has been applied, the bug is waiting for a Policy team member to apply the patch to the package\n repository.\n TAG: seconded\n What needs to happen next: A Policy maintainer does the final review and confirmation, and then applies the patch for\n the next Policy release.\n This tag is not used very much because normally a Policy maintainer applies the patch and moves the proposal to the next\n state once enough seconds are reached.\n \n-126\n+132\n \n-Chapter 19. Debian Policy changes process\n+Chapter 20. Debian Policy changes process\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-19.3.6 State F: Accepted\n+20.3.6 State F: Accepted\n Change accepted, will be in next upload. The standard pending tag is used for this state since it matches the regular\n meaning of pending.\n TAG: pending\n What needs to happen next: The bug is now in the waiting queue for the next Policy release, and there\u2019s nothing left to\n do except for upload a new version of Policy.\n \n-19.3.7 State G: Reject\n+20.3.7 State G: Reject\n Rejected proposals. The standard wontfix is used for this state. Normally, bugs in this state will not remain open (excepting\n stalled); instead, a Policy team member will close them with an explanation. The submitter may then appeal to the techctte if they so desire. Alternately, issues appealed to the tech-ctte may remain open with this tag while that appeal\n proceeds.\n TAG: wontfix\n We may use one of the following tags here. It\u2019s not clear whether we need more tags for this stage.\n dubious\n Not a policy matter\n@@ -6286,100 +6587,100 @@\n should open a new bug, but only if they have a concrete new change proposal.\n stalled\n Consensus on a proposal was not forthcoming. However, the bug should be kept open, as a form of documentation,\n and to minimise the number of duplicate filings.\n What may need to happen next: The bug should be closed once a final resolution is reached (excepting stalled), or\n retagged to an appropriate state if that final resolution reverses the decision to reject the proposal.\n \n-19.4 Other Tags\n+20.4 Other Tags\n All Policy bugs are additionally categorized by class of bug.\n The normative tag is used for bugs that make normative changes to Policy, meaning that the dictates of Policy will change\n in some fashion as part of the resolution of the bug if the proposal is accepted. The full process is followed for such bugs.\n TAG: normative\n The informative tag is used for bugs about wording issues, typos, informative footnotes, or other changes that do not\n affect the formal dictates of Policy, just the presentation. The same tags are used for these bugs for convenience, but the\n Policy maintainers may make informative changes without following the full process. Informative bugs fall under their\n discretion.\n TAG: informative\n \n-19.4. Other Tags\n+20.4. Other Tags\n \n-127\n+133\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n The packaging tag is used for bugs about the packaging and build process of the debian-policy Debian package. These\n bugs do not follow the normal process and will not have the other tags except for pending and wontfix (used with their\n normal meanings).\n TAG: packaging\n \n-128\n+134\n \n-Chapter 19. Debian Policy changes process\n+Chapter 20. Debian Policy changes process\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-TWENTY\n+TWENTYONE\n \n MAINTAINER SCRIPT FLOWCHARTS\n \n The flowcharts1 included in this appendix use the following conventions:\n \u2022 maintainer scripts and their arguments are within boxes;\n \u2022 actions carried out external to the scripts are in italics; and\n \u2022 the dpkg status of the package at the end of the run are in bold type.\n \n Fig. 1: Installing a package that was not previously installed\n \n 1 These flowcharts were originally created by Margarita Manterola for the Debian Women project wiki.\n \n-129\n+135\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Fig. 2: Installing a package that was previously removed, but not purged\n \n-130\n+136\n \n-Chapter 20. Maintainer script flowcharts\n+Chapter 21. Maintainer script flowcharts\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Fig. 3: Upgrading a package\n \n-131\n+137\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Fig. 4: Removing a package\n \n-132\n+138\n \n-Chapter 20. Maintainer script flowcharts\n+Chapter 21. Maintainer script flowcharts\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Fig. 5: Purging a package previously removed\n \n-133\n+139\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Fig. 6: Removing and purging a package\n \n-134\n+140\n \n-Chapter 20. Maintainer script flowcharts\n+Chapter 21. Maintainer script flowcharts\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-TWENTYONE\n+TWENTYTWO\n \n UPGRADING CHECKLIST\n \n-21.1 About the checklist\n+22.1 About the checklist\n The checklist below has been created to simplify the upgrading process of old packages. This list is not official or\n normative. It only provides an indication of what has changed and whether you are likely to need to make changes to your\n package in light of this. If you have doubts about a certain topic, if you need more details, or if you think some other\n package does not comply with policy, please refer to the Policy Manual itself.\n All of the changes from version 3.0.0 onwards indicate which section of the Policy Manual discusses the issue. The\n section numbering should still be accurate for changes back to the 2.5.0 release. Before that point, the sections listed here\n probably no longer correspond to sections in the modern Policy Manual.\n@@ -6391,27 +6692,27 @@\n If an item in the list is followed by the name of a Lintian tag in square brackets, it indicates that the policy requirement\n is covered by that Lintian tag. The lack of such an annotation does not mean that no Lintian tag exists to cover the\n requirement. Our coverage of these annotations is quite incomplete, and patches to this checklist are very welcome.\n The sections in this checklist match the values for the Standards-Version control field in omitting the minor patch\n version, except in the two anomalous historical cases where normative requirements were changed in a minor patch\n release.\n \n-21.2 Version 4.7.2\n+22.2 Version 4.7.2\n Released February, 2025.\n 10.1\n A change made the previous release of Policy is relaxed:\n Packages that already install programs to /usr/games, where another package installs a program of the same with\n different functionality to a different directory on the default PATH, may continue to do so.\n Packages must not install any newly conflicting programs to /usr/games, and packages already doing so are encouraged to move these programs to non-conflicting names.\n \n-135\n+141\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-21.3 Version 4.7.1\n+22.3 Version 4.7.1\n Released February, 2025.\n 10.1\n Two different packages must not install programs with different functionality to the same filenames, even names\n under different directories, when the directories are on the default PATH.\n 10.1\n Packages must not install files to directories like /bin, /lib, /lib* and /sbin which are now symbolic links to corresponding directories under /usr. Packages may assume that /bin, /lib and /sbin are always symlinks, and that files\n under /usr/bin, /usr/lib and /usr/sbin are accessible via these aliases.\n@@ -6419,15 +6720,15 @@\n Packages should not require the existence of any files under /usr/share/locale in order to function in a C or C.UTF-8\n locale.\n 12.1\n Packages (other than manpage readers) must not require the existence of any files under /usr/share/man.\n 12.2\n Packages (other than info readers) must not require the existence of any files in /usr/share/info.\n \n-21.4 Version 4.7.0\n+22.4 Version 4.7.0\n Released April, 2024.\n 2.2.1\n Document that source packages in the main archive area may build binary packages in the contrib archive area,\n although this is discouraged unless the source package is inconvenient to split. This does not relax the requirement\n that source packages in main must not have build dependencies outside of main.\n 2.2.2\n The non-free-firmware archive area has been added.\n@@ -6445,75 +6746,75 @@\n 5.6.19\n The Binary field is not present in .changes files if no binary packages are being uploaded.\n 6.3\n Packages that automatically start or stop system services must include systemd units unless the service is only\n intended for use on systems running alternative init systems. Previously, systemd also supported init scripts, but\n that support is being removed.\n \n-136\n+142\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-21.5 Version 4.6.2\n+22.5 Version 4.6.2\n Released December, 2022.\n 3.8\n Essential packages are only required to provide their core functionality when unconfigured if they had previously\n been configured at least once.\n 6.5 & 6.6\n The new package version is provided as an additional argument following the old package version to several preinst, prerm, and postrm maintainer script actions.\n 11.8.4\n When computing the priority for alternatives for /usr/bin/x-window-manager, start with a priority of 40, not\n 20, and don\u2019t increase the priority based on support for the (obsolete) Debian menu system.\n \n-21.6 Version 4.6.1\n+22.6 Version 4.6.1\n Released May, 2022.\n 9.1.1\n Restore permission for packages for non-64-bit architectures to install files to /usr/lib64/.\n 9.7.2 & 9.7.3\n The text of these sections has been updated to reflect the package split of bin:mime-support into bin:media-types\n and bin:mailcap.\n \n-21.7 Version 4.6.0\n+22.7 Version 4.6.0\n Released August, 2021.\n 9.1.1\n No package is allowed to install files in /usr/lib64/. Previously, this prohibition only applied to packages for\n 64-bit architectures.\n 12.1\n Manual pages may be included in dependencies, not only in the packages containing the things they document.\n \n-21.8 Version 4.5.1\n+22.8 Version 4.5.1\n Released November, 2020.\n 2.3, 4.5 & 12.5\n The copyright information for files in a package must be copied verbatim into /usr/share/doc/PACKAGE/\n copyright when all of the following hold:\n 1. the distribution license for those files requires that copyright information be included in all copies and/or\n binary distributions;\n 2. the files are shipped in the binary package, either in source or compiled form; and\n 3. the form in which the files are present in the binary package does not include a plain text version of their\n copyright notices.\n Note that there is no change to the requirement to copy all licensing information into /usr/share/doc/\n PACKAGE/copyright.\n \n-21.5. Version 4.6.2\n+22.5. Version 4.6.2\n \n-137\n+143\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n (Previously, it was always required for all copyright information to be copied into /usr/share/doc/PACKAGE/\n copyright.)\n \n 4.17\n Packages must not contain a non-default series file. That is, dpkg\u2019s vendor-specific patch series feature must not be\n used for packages in the Debian archive.\n (previously a \u201cshould not\u201d)\n \n-21.9 Version 4.5.0\n+22.9 Version 4.5.0\n Released January, 2020.\n 9.2.1\n When maintainers choose a new hardcoded or dynamically generated username for packages to use, they should\n start this username with an underscore.\n 9.3.1\n Packages that include system services should include systemd service units to start or stop those services.\n Including an init script is encouraged if there is no systemd unit, and optional if there is (previously, it was recommended).\n@@ -6522,35 +6823,35 @@\n unit.\n 9.3.2\n It is encouraged for init scripts to support the status argument (previously, it was recommended).\n 9.3.3\n Use of update-rc.d is required if the package includes an init script (previously, Policy said in one place that it was\n required, and in another said that it was recommended).\n \n-21.10 Version 4.4.1\n+22.10 Version 4.4.1\n Released September, 2019.\n 5.6.26\n A package control file must not have more than one Vcs- field.\n If the package is maintained in multiple version control systems, the maintainer should specify the one that they\n would prefer other people to use as the basis for proposing changes to the package.\n 9.10 & 11.5\n doc-base registration is now optional, from being recommended.\n 9.12\n Document /run/reboot-required mechanism.\n copyright-format\n State some syntactical restrictions on the Files: field. Wildcards are required to match the contents of directories,\n and the space character separates patterns and cannot be escaped.\n \n-138\n+144\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-21.11 Version 4.4.0\n+22.11 Version 4.4.0\n Released July, 2019.\n 4.9\n The recommended way to implement the build process of a Debian package, in the absence of a good reason to use\n a different approach, is the dh tool. This recommendation includes the contents of the debian/rules building\n script.\n Some examples of good reasons to use a different approach are given. The recommendation to use dh does not\n always apply, and use of dh is not required.\n@@ -6558,15 +6859,15 @@\n Permit -b in Vcs-Hg as well as Vcs-Git.\n 7.5\n Document versioned Provides.\n virtual\n New logind and default-logind virtual packages for a package providing logind API (via D-Bus and\n sd-login(3)), and for Debian\u2019s preferred implementation, respectively.\n \n-21.12 Version 4.3.0\n+22.12 Version 4.3.0\n Released December, 2018.\n 2.3 & 4.5\n In cases where a package\u2019s distribution license explicitly permits its copyright information to be excluded from\n distributions of binaries built from the source, a verbatim copy of the package\u2019s copyright information should normally still be included in the copyright file, but it need not be if creating and maintaining a copy of that information\n involves significant time and effort.\n 4.9\n Required targets must not write outside of the unpacked source package tree, except for TMPDIR, /tmp and\n@@ -6586,27 +6887,27 @@\n wrong.\n 10.2\n When stripping shared libraries with strip(1), you should additionally pass --remove-section=.comment\n --remove-section=.note (as dh_strip already does).\n virtual\n New dbus-session-bus and default-dbus-session-bus virtual packages for a package providing the DBus session bus, and for Debian\u2019s preferred D-Bus implementation, respectively.\n \n-21.11. Version 4.4.0\n+22.11. Version 4.4.0\n \n-139\n+145\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-21.13 Version 4.2.1\n+22.13 Version 4.2.1\n Released August, 2018.\n 10.4 & perl\n The requirement that the shebang at the top of Perl command scripts be #!/usr/bin/perl is relaxed from a\n \u2018must\u2019 to a \u2018should\u2019.\n \n-21.14 Version 4.2.0\n+22.14 Version 4.2.0\n Released August, 2018.\n 4.9\n The package build should be as verbose as reasonably possible. This means that debian/rules should pass to\n the commands it invokes options that cause them to produce verbose output.\n 4.9\n Required targets may attempt network access, via the loopback interface, to services on the build host that have\n been started by the build.\n@@ -6617,15 +6918,15 @@\n 12.7\n Upstream release notes, when available, should be installed as /usr/share/doc/package/NEWS.gz. Upstream\n changelogs may be made available as /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.gz.\n This is a relaxation of older Policy which said that the upstream changelog should be made accessible at this path.\n Now it is up to maintainer discretion whether it is useful to install it.\n The practice of installing the upstream release notes as /usr/share/doc/package/changelog.gz is permitted but deprecated.\n \n-21.15 Version 4.1.5\n+22.15 Version 4.1.5\n Released July, 2018.\n 4.9.2\n Document how debian/rules and the Rules-Requires-Root field interact.\n 5.6.12\n You should not change a package\u2019s epoch, even in experimental, without getting consensus on debian-devel first.\n 5.6.12.1\n Epochs should not be used for the purpose of rolling back the version of a package. Use the +really convention.\n@@ -6634,21 +6935,21 @@\n 9.1.1\n Update Debian\u2019s version of the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard from 2.3 to 3.0, and update the list of exceptions.\n Only a tiny minority of packages, if any, should be made buggy by this change.\n 9.3.2 & 10.4\n Update version of POSIX standard for shell scripts from SUSv3 to POSIX.1-2017 (also known as SUSv4 in some\n contexts).\n \n-140\n+146\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-21.16 Version 4.1.4\n+22.16 Version 4.1.4\n Released April, 2018.\n 3.2.2\n The part of the version number after the epoch must not be reused for a version of the package with different\n contents, even after the version of the package previously using that part of the version number is no longer present\n in any archive suites.\n 3.2.2\n For non-native packages, the upstream version must not be reused for different upstream source code, so that for\n@@ -6657,15 +6958,15 @@\n The get-orig-source rules target has been removed. Packages should transition to debian/watch and use\n uscan where possible.\n 9.1.2\n If /etc/staff-group-for-usr-local does not exist, /usr/local and all subdirectories created by packages\n should have permissions 0755 and be owned by root:root. If the file exists, the old permissions of 2775 and\n ownership of root:staff should remain.\n \n-21.17 Version 4.1.3\n+22.17 Version 4.1.3\n Released December, 2017.\n 5.6.26\n URLs given in VCS-* headers should use a scheme that provides confidentiality (https, for example) if the VCS\n repository supports it. [vcs-field-uses-insecure-uri]\n 7.8\n Built-Using should be used exactly when there are license or DFSG requirements to retain full source code in\n \n@@ -6680,42 +6981,42 @@\n 11.4\n Clarify that programs may invoke either /usr/bin/editor and /usr/bin/pager directly, or use editor and\n pager and rely on PATH.\n 12.5\n The Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal license (CC0-1.0) is now included in /usr/share/\n common-licenses and does not need to be copied verbatim in the package copyright file.\n \n-21.18 Version 4.1.2\n+22.18 Version 4.1.2\n Released November, 2017.\n 3.1.1\n Binary packages that have potentially offensive content should have the suffix -offensive. This replaces an older\n \n-21.16. Version 4.1.4\n+22.16. Version 4.1.4\n \n-141\n+147\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n convention to use -off. As before, whether the contents of a package needs this content warning is a matter of\n maintainer discretion.\n 10.2\n Private shared object files should be installed in subdirectories of /usr/lib or /usr/lib/triplet. This change\n permits private shared object files to take advantage of multiarch, and also removes the implication that it is permissible to install private shared object files directly into /usr/lib/triplet.\n 10.4\n The shebang at the top of Perl command scripts must be #!/usr/bin/perl. (Previously, this was a \u2018should\u2019\n rather than a \u2018must\u2019.)\n \n-21.19 Version 4.1.1\n+22.19 Version 4.1.1\n Released September, 2017.\n 4.4\n debian/changelog must exist in source packages.\n 9.2.3\n The canonical non-existent home directory is /nonexistent.\n \n-21.20 Version 4.1.0\n+22.20 Version 4.1.0\n Released August, 2017.\n 2.2.1\n Non-default alternative dependencies on non-free packages are permitted for packages in main.\n 4.11\n If upstream provides OpenPGP signatures, including the upstream signing key as debian/upstream/\n signing-key.asc in the source package and using the pgpsigurlmangle option in debian/watch configuration to indicate how to find the upstream signature for new releases is recommended.\n 4.15\n@@ -6729,21 +7030,21 @@\n The required behaviour of x-terminal-emulator -e has been clarified, and updated to replace a false claim\n about the behaviour of xterm.\n Programs must support -e command where command may include multiple arguments, which must be executed\n as if the arguments were passed to execvp directly, bypassing the shell.\n If this execution fails and -e has a single argument, xterm\u2019s fallback behaviour of passing command to the shell\n is permitted but not required.\n \n-142\n+148\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-21.21 Version 4.0.1\n+22.21 Version 4.0.1\n Released August, 2017.\n 2.5\n Priorities are now used only for controlling which packages are part of a minimal or standard Debian installation\n and should be selected based on functionality provided directly to users (so nearly all shared libraries should have\n a priority of optional). Packages may now depend on packages with a lower priority.\n The extra priority has been deprecated and should be treated as equivalent to optional. All extra priorities\n should be changed to optional. Packages with a priority of optional may conflict with each other (but packages\n@@ -6763,15 +7064,15 @@\n now defined by LSB, for sysvinit, and is not expected to be followed by other init systems.\n 9.6\n Packages installing a Free Desktop entry must not also install a Debian menu system entry.\n 9.9\n The prohibition against depending on environment variables for reasonable defaults is only for programs on the\n system PATH and only for custom environment variable settings (not, say, a sane PATH).\n \n-21.22 Version 4.0.0\n+22.22 Version 4.0.0\n Released May, 2017.\n 4.3\n config.sub and config.guess should be updated at build time or replaced with the versions from autotools-\n \n dev.\n 4.9\n New TARGET set of dpkg-architecture variables and new DEB_*_ARCH_BITS and DEB_*_ARCH_ENDIAN\n@@ -6780,17 +7081,17 @@\n New DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS tag, nodoc, which says to suppress documentation generation (but continue to build\n all binary packages, even documentation packages, just let them be mostly empty).\n 5.2\n Automatically-generated debug packages do not need to have a corresponding stanza in debian/control. (This\n is existing practice; this Policy update is just clearer about it.)\n 5.6.12\n Colons are not permitted in upstream version numbers.\n-21.21. Version 4.0.1\n+22.21. Version 4.0.1\n \n-143\n+149\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 7.7\n New Build-Depends-Arch and Build-Conflicts-Arch fields are now supported.\n 8.4\n The recommended package name for shared library development files is now libraryname-dev or\n@@ -6834,69 +7135,69 @@\n now versioned to support multiarch.\n virtual\n New adventure virtual package for implementations of the classic Colossal Cave Adventure game.\n virtual\n New httpd-wsgi3 virtual package for Python 3 WSGI-capable HTTP servers. The existing httpd-wsgi virtual\n package is for Python 2 WSGI-capable HTTP servers.\n \n-144\n+150\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n virtual\n New\n \n virtual-mysql-client,\n virtual-mysql-client-core,\n virtual-mysql-server,\n virtual-mysql-server-core, and virtual-mysql-testsuite virtual packages for MySQL-compatible\n \n software.\n \n-21.23 Version 3.9.8\n+22.23 Version 3.9.8\n Released April, 2016.\n 9.6\n The menu system is deprecated in favor of the FreeDesktop menu standard. New requirements set for FreeDesktop\n menu entries.\n 9.7\n New instructions for registering media type handlers with the FreeDesktop system, which automatically synchronizes with mailcap and therefore replaces mailcap registration for packages using desktop entries.\n \n-21.24 Version 3.9.7\n+22.24 Version 3.9.7\n Released February, 2016.\n 10.5\n Symbolic links must not traverse above the root directory.\n 9.2.2\n 32bit UIDs in the range 65536-4294967293 are reserved for dynamically allocated user accounts.\n 5.1\n Empty field values in control files are only permitted in the debian/control file of a source package.\n 4.9\n debian/rules: required targets must not attempt network access.\n \n 12.3\n recommend to ship additional documentation for package pkg in a separate package pkg-doc and install it into\n /usr/share/doc/pkg.\n \n-21.25 Version 3.9.6\n+22.25 Version 3.9.6\n Released September, 2014.\n 9.1\n The FHS is relaxed to allow a subdirectory of /usr/lib to hold a mixture of architecture-independent and\n architecture-dependent files, though directories entirely composed of architecture-independent files should be located in /usr/share.\n 9.1\n The FHS requirement for /usr/local/lib64 to exist if /lib64 or /usr/lib64 exists is removed.\n 9.1\n An FHS exception has been granted for multiarch include files, permitting header files to instead be installed to\n /usr/include/triplet.\n 10.1\n Binaries must not be statically linked with the GNU C library, see policy for exceptions.\n \n-21.23. Version 3.9.8\n+22.23. Version 3.9.8\n \n-145\n+151\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 4.4\n It is clarified that signature appearing in debian/changelog should be the details of the person who prepared this\n release of the package.\n 11.5\n@@ -6908,15 +7209,15 @@\n virtual\n Added httpd-wsgi for WSGI capable HTTP servers.\n perl\n Perl packages should use the %Config hash to locate module paths instead of hardcoding paths in @INC.\n perl\n Perl binary modules and any modules installed into $Config{vendorarch} must depend on the relevant perlapi* package.\n \n-21.26 Version 3.9.5\n+22.26 Version 3.9.5\n Released October, 2013.\n 5.1\n Control data fields must not start with the hyphen character (-), to avoid potential confusions when parsing clearsigned control data files that were not properly unescaped.\n 5.4, 5.6.24\n Checksums-Sha1 and Checksums-Sha256 are now mandatory in .dsc files.\n \n 5.6.25, 5.8.1\n@@ -6939,26 +7240,26 @@\n The name of the files and directories installed by binary packages must be encoded in UTF-8 and should be restricted to ASCII when possible. In the system PATH, they must be restricted to ASCII.\n 11.5.2\n Stop recommending to serve HTML documents from /usr/share/doc/package.\n 12.2\n Packages distributing Info documents should use install-info\u2019s trigger, and do not need anymore to depend on dpkg\n (>= 1.15.4) | install-info.\n \n-146\n+152\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n debconf\n The escape capability is now documented.\n virtual\n mp3-decoder and mp3-encoder are removed.\n \n-21.27 Version 3.9.4\n+22.27 Version 3.9.4\n Released August, 2012.\n 2.4\n New tasks archive section.\n 4.9\n build-arch and build-indep are now mandatory targets in debian/rules.\n \n 5.6.26\n@@ -6980,25 +7281,25 @@\n Packages including MIME configuration can now rely on triggers and do not need to call update-mime.\n 9.11\n New section documenting general requirements for alternate init systems and specific requirements for integrating\n with upstart.\n 12.5\n All copyright files must be encoded in UTF-8.\n \n-21.28 Version 3.9.3\n+22.28 Version 3.9.3\n Released February, 2012.\n 2.4\n New archive sections education, introspection, and metapackages added.\n 5.6.8\n The Architecture field in *.dsc files may now contain the value any all for source packages building both\n architecture-independent and architecture-dependent packages.\n \n-21.27. Version 3.9.4\n+22.27. Version 3.9.4\n \n-147\n+153\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 7.1\n If a dependency is restricted to particular architectures, the list of architectures must be non-empty.\n 9.1.1\n /run is allowed as an exception to the FHS and replaces /var/run. /run/lock replaces /var/lock. The\n@@ -7030,27 +7331,27 @@\n This separate document has been retired and and its (short) contents merged into Policy section 9.7. There are no\n changes to the requirements.\n perl\n Packages may declare an interest in the perl-major-upgrade trigger to be notified of major upgrades of perl.\n virtual\n ttf-japanese-{mincho, gothic} is renamed to fonts-japanese-{mincho, gothic}.\n \n-21.29 Version 3.9.2\n+22.29 Version 3.9.2\n Released April, 2011.\n *\n Multiple clarifications throughout Policy where \u201cinstalled\u201d was used and the more precise terms \u201cunpacked\u201d or\n \u201cconfigured\u201d were intended.\n 3.3\n The maintainer address must accept mail from Debian role accounts and the BTS. At least one human must be\n listed with their personal email address in Uploaders if the maintainer is a shared email address. The duties of a\n maintainer are also clearer.\n \n-148\n+154\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 5\n All control fields are now classified as simple, folded, or multiline, which governs whether their values must be a\n single line or may be continued across multiple lines and whether line breaks are significant.\n 5.1\n@@ -7076,15 +7377,15 @@\n dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_MULTIARCH, not by dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_GNU_TYPE;\n this is a path change on i386 architectures and a no-op for other architectures.\n virtual\n mailx is now a virtual package provided by packages that install /usr/bin/mailx and implement at least the\n \n POSIX-required interface.\n \n-21.30 Version 3.9.1\n+22.30 Version 3.9.1\n Released July, 2010.\n 3.2.1\n Date-based version components should be given as the four-digit year, two-digit month, and then two-digit day,\n but may have embedded punctuation.\n 3.9\n Maintainer scripts must pass --package to dpkg-divert when creating or removing diversions and must not\n use --local.\n@@ -7094,17 +7395,17 @@\n \n dpkg-genchanges (for *.changes) and\n \n 7.1\n Architecture restrictions and wildcards are also allowed in binary package relationships provided that the binary\n package is not architecture-independent.\n \n-21.30. Version 3.9.1\n+22.30. Version 3.9.1\n \n-149\n+155\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 7.4\n Conflicts and Breaks should only be used when there are file conflicts or one package breaks the other, not\n \n just because two packages provide similar functionality but don\u2019t interfere.\n@@ -7140,24 +7441,24 @@\n 11.5\n Cgi-bin executable files may be installed in subdirectories of /usr/lib/cgi-bin and web servers should serve\n out executables in those subdirectories.\n 12.5\n The GPL version 1 is now included in common-licenses and should be referenced from there instead of included\n in the copyright file.\n \n-21.31 Version 3.9.0\n+22.31 Version 3.9.0\n Released June, 2010.\n 4.4, 5.6.15\n The required format for the date in a changelog entry and in the Date control field is now precisely specified.\n 5.1\n A control stanza must not contain more than one instance of a particular field name.\n \n-150\n+156\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 5.4, 5.5, 5.6.24\n The Checksums-Sha1 and Checksums-Sha256 fields in *.dsc and *.changes files are now documented and\n recommended.\n 5.5, 5.6.16\n@@ -7202,33 +7503,33 @@\n perl-base now provides perlapi-abiname instead of a package based solely on the Perl version. Perl packages must\n now depend on perlapi-$Config{debian_abi}, falling back on $Config{version} if $Config{debian_abi} is\n not set.\n perl\n Packages using Makefile.PL should use DESTDIR rather than PREFIX to install into the package staging area.\n PREFIX only worked due to a Debian-local patch.\n \n-21.31. Version 3.9.0\n+22.31. Version 3.9.0\n \n-151\n+157\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-21.32 Version 3.8.4\n+22.32 Version 3.8.4\n Released January, 2010.\n 9.1.1\n An FHS exception has been granted for multiarch libraries. Permitting files to instead be installed to /lib/\n triplet and /usr/lib/triplet directories.\n \n 10.6\n Packages may not contain named pipes and should instead create them in postinst and remove them in prerm or\n postrm.\n 9.1.1\n /sys and /selinux directories are explicitly allowed as an exception to the FHS.\n \n-21.33 Version 3.8.3\n+22.33 Version 3.8.3\n Released August, 2009.\n 4.9\n DEB_*_ARCH_CPU and DEB_*_ARCH_OS variables are now documented and recommended over GNU-style\n variables for that information.\n 5.6.8\n Source package Architecture fields may contain all in combination with other architectures. Clarify when all and\n any may be used in different versions of the field.\n@@ -7252,21 +7553,21 @@\n install-info is now handled via triggers so packages no longer need to invoke it in maintainer scripts. Info documents\n should now have directory sections and entries in the document. Packages containing info documents should add a\n dependency to support partial upgrades.\n perl\n The requirement for Perl modules to have a versioned Depend and Build-Depend on perl >= 5.6.0-16 has\n been removed.\n \n-152\n+158\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-21.34 Version 3.8.2\n+22.34 Version 3.8.2\n Released June, 2009.\n 2.4\n The list of archive sections has been significantly expanded. See this debian-devel-announce message for the list\n of new sections and rules for how to categorize packages.\n 3.9.1\n All packages must use debconf or equivalent for user prompting, though essential packages or their dependencies\n may also fall back on other methods.\n@@ -7278,15 +7579,15 @@\n Removed obsolete dependency requirements for packages that use /var/mail.\n 11.8.5\n Speedo fonts are now deprecated. The X backend was disabled starting in lenny.\n 12.5\n The GNU Free Documentation License version 1.3 is included in common-licenses and should be referenced from\n there.\n \n-21.35 Version 3.8.1\n+22.35 Version 3.8.1\n Released March, 2009.\n 3.8\n Care should be taken when adding functionality to essential and such additions create an obligation to support that\n functionality in essential forever unless significant work is done.\n 4.4\n Changelog files must be encoded in UTF-8.\n 4.4\n@@ -7303,17 +7604,17 @@\n debian/control allows comment lines starting with # with no preceding whitespace.\n \n 9.3\n Init scripts ending in .sh are not handled specially. They are not sourced and are not guaranteed to be run by\n /bin/sh regardless of the #! line. This brings Policy in line with the long-standing behavior of the init system in\n Debian.\n \n-21.34. Version 3.8.2\n+22.34. Version 3.8.2\n \n-153\n+159\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 9.3.2\n The start action of an init script must exit successfully and not start the daemon again if it\u2019s already running.\n 9.3.2\n /var/run and /var/lock may be mounted as temporary filesystems, and init scripts must therefore create any\n@@ -7321,15 +7622,15 @@\n necessary subdirectories dynamically.\n 10.4\n /bin/sh scripts may assume that local can take multiple variable arguments and supports assignment.\n \n 11.6\n User mailboxes may be mode 600 and owned by the user rather than mode 660, owned by user, and group mail.\n \n-21.36 Version 3.8.0\n+22.36 Version 3.8.0\n Released June, 2008.\n 2.4, 3.7\n The base section has been removed. contrib and non-free have been removed from the section list; they are only\n categories. The base system is now defined by priority.\n 4.9\n If dpkg-source -x doesn\u2019t provide the source that will be compiled, a debian/rules patch target is recommended\n and should do whatever else is necessary.\n@@ -7357,17 +7658,17 @@\n The Breaks field declares that this package breaks another and prevents installation of the breaking package unless\n the package named in Breaks is deconfigured first. This field should not be used until the dpkg in Debian stable\n supports it.\n 8.1, 8.2\n Clarify which files should go into a shared library package, into a separate package, or into the -dev package.\n Suggest -tools instead of -runtime for runtime support programs, since that naming is more common in Debian.\n \n-154\n+160\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 9.5\n Files in /etc/cron.{hourly,daily,weekly,monthly} must be configuration files (upgraded from should).\n Mention the hourly directory.\n 11.8.6\n@@ -7384,15 +7685,15 @@\n \n 12.5\n Packages in contrib and non-free should state in the copyright file that the package is not part of Debian GNU/Linux\n and briefly explain why.\n debconf\n Underscore (_) is allowed in debconf template names.\n \n-21.37 Version 3.7.3\n+22.37 Version 3.7.3\n Released December, 2007.\n 5.6.12\n Package version numbers may contain tildes, which sort before anything, even the end of a part.\n 10.4\n Scripts may assume that /bin/sh supports local (at a basic level) and that its test builtin (if any) supports -a and\n -o binary logical operators.\n 8.5\n@@ -7409,93 +7710,93 @@\n 8.6\n The shlibs file now allows an optional type field, indicating the type of package for which the line is valid. The only\n currently supported type is udeb, used with packages for the Debian Installer.\n 3.9.1\n Packages following the Debian Configuration management specification must allow for translation of their messages\n by using a gettext-based system such as po-debconf.\n \n-21.37. Version 3.7.3\n+22.37. Version 3.7.3\n \n-155\n+161\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 12.5\n GFDL 1.2, GPL 3, and LGPL 3 are now in common-licenses and should be referenced rather than quoted in\n debian/copyright.\n \n-21.38 Version 3.7.2.2\n+22.38 Version 3.7.2.2\n Released October, 2006.\n This release broke the normal rule against introducing normative changes without changing the major patch level.\n 6.1\n Maintainer scripts must not be world writeable (up from a should to a must)\n \n-21.39 Version 3.7.2\n+22.39 Version 3.7.2\n Released April, 2006.\n 11.5\n Revert the cgi-lib change.\n \n-21.40 Version 3.7.1\n+22.40 Version 3.7.1\n Released April, 2006.\n 10.2\n It is now possible to create shared libraries without relocatable code (using -fPIC) in certain exceptional cases,\n provided some procedures are followed, and for creating static libraries with relocatable code (again, using -fPIC).\n Discussion on debian-devel@lists.debian.org, getting a rough consensus, and documenting it in README.Debian\n constitute most of the process.\n 11.8.7\n Packages should install any relevant files into the directories /usr/include/X11/ and /usr/lib/X11/, but if\n they do so, they must pre-depend on x11-common (>= 1:7.0.0)\n \n-21.41 Version 3.7.0\n+22.41 Version 3.7.0\n Released April, 2006.\n 11.5\n Packages shipping web server CGI files are expected to install them in /usr/lib/cgi-lib/ directories. This\n location change perhaps should be documented in NEWS\n 11.5\n Web server packages should include a standard scriptAlias of cgi-lib to /usr/lib/cgi-lib.\n 9.1.1\n The version of FHS mandated by policy has been upped to 2.3. There should be no changes required for most\n packages, though new top level directories /media, /srv, etc. may be of interest.\n 5.1, 5.6.3\n All fields, apart from the Uploaders field, in the control file are supposed to be a single logical line, which may be\n spread over multiple physical lines (newline followed by space is elided). However, any parser for the control file\n must allow the Uploaders field to be spread over multiple physical lines as well, to prepare for future changes.\n \n-156\n+162\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 10.4\n When scripts are installed into a directory in the system PATH, the script name should not include an extension\n that denotes the scripting language currently used to implement it.\n 9.3.3.2\n packages that invoke initscripts now must use invoke-rc.d to do so since it also pays attention to run levels and other\n local constraints.\n 11.8.5.2, 11.8.7, etc\n We no longer use /usr/X11R6, since we have migrated away to using Xorg paths. This means, for one thing, fonts\n live in /usr/share/fonts/X11/ now, and /usr/X11R6 is gone.\n \n-21.42 Version 3.6.2\n+22.42 Version 3.6.2\n Released June, 2005.\n Recommend doc-base, and not menu, for registering package documentation.\n 8.1\n Run time support programs should live in subdirectories of /usr/lib/ or /usr/share, and preferably the shared\n lib is named the same as the package name (to avoid name collisions).\n 11.5\n It is recommended that HTTP servers provide an alias /images to allow packages to share image files with the web\n server\n \n-21.43 Version 3.6.1\n+22.43 Version 3.6.1\n Released August, 2003.\n 3.10.1\n Prompting the user should be done using debconf. Non debconf user prompts are now deprecated.\n \n-21.44 Version 3.6.0\n+22.44 Version 3.6.0\n Released July, 2003.\n Restructuring caused shifts in section numbers and bumping of the minor version number.\n Many packaging manual appendices that were integrated into policy sections are now empty, and replaced with links to the\n Policy. In particular, the appendices that included the list of control fields were updated (new fields like Closes, ChangedBy were added) and the list of fields for each of control, .changes and .dsc files is now in Policy, and they\u2019re marked\n mandatory, recommended or optional based on the current practice and the behavior of the deb-building tool-chain.\n Elimination of needlessly deep section levels, primarily in the chapter Debian Archive, from which two new chapters\n were split out, Binary packages and Source packages. What remained was reordered properly, that is, some sects became\n@@ -7504,47 +7805,47 @@\n to the formula that everything should be either in the same place or properly interlinked. Some things remained split up\n between different chapters when they talked about different aspects of files: their content, their syntax, and their placement\n in the file system. In particular, see the new sections about changelog files.\n menu policy\n Added Games/Simulation and Apps/Education to menu sub-policy\n C.2.2\n Debian changelogs should be UTF-8 encoded.\n-21.42. Version 3.6.2\n+22.42. Version 3.6.2\n \n-157\n+163\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 10.2\n shared libraries must be linked against all libraries that they use symbols from in the same way that binaries are.\n 7.6\n build-depends-indep need not be satisfied during clean target.\n \n-21.45 Version 3.5.10\n+22.45 Version 3.5.10\n Released May, 2003.\n 11.8.3\n packages providing the x-terminal-emulator virtual package ought to ensure that they interpret the command line\n exactly like xterm does.\n 11.8.4\n Window managers compliant with the Window Manager Specification Project may add 40 points for ranking in\n the alternatives\n \n-21.46 Version 3.5.9\n+22.46 Version 3.5.9\n Released March, 2003.\n 3.4.2\n The section describing the Description: package field once again has full details of the long description format.\n 4.2\n Clarified that if a package has non-build-essential build-dependencies, it should have them listed in the BuildDepends and related fields (i.e. it\u2019s not merely optional).\n 9.3.2\n When asked to restart a service that isn\u2019t already running, the init script should start the service.\n 12.6\n If the purpose of a package is to provide examples, then the example files can be installed into /usr/share/doc/\n package (rather than /usr/share/doc/package/examples).\n \n-21.47 Version 3.5.8\n+22.47 Version 3.5.8\n Released November, 2002.\n 12.7\n It is no longer necessary to keep a log of changes to the upstream sources in the copyright file. Instead, all such\n changes should be documented in the changelog file.\n 7.6\n Build-Depends, Build-Conflicts, Build-Depends-Indep, and Build-Conflicts-Indep must also be satisfied when the\n clean target is called.\n@@ -7552,21 +7853,21 @@\n A new Apps/Science menu section is available\n debconf policy\n debconf specification cleared up, various changes.\n 12.1\n It is no longer recommended to create symlinks from nonexistent manual pages to undocumented(7). Missing\n manual pages for programs are still a bug.\n \n-158\n+164\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-21.48 Version 3.5.7\n+22.48 Version 3.5.7\n Released August, 2002.\n Packages no longer have to ask permission to call MAKEDEV in postinst, merely notifying the user ought\n to be enough.\n 2.2.4\n cryptographic software may now be included in the main archive.\n 3.9\n task packages are no longer permitted; tasks are now created by a special Tasks: field in the control file.\n@@ -7579,38 +7880,38 @@\n 7.6, 4.8\n Added mention of build-arch, build-indep, etc, in describing the relationships with Build-Depends, Build-Conflicts,\n Build-Depends-Indep, and Build-Conflicts-Indep. May need to review the new rules.\n 8\n Changed rules on how, and when, to invoke ldconfig in maintainer scripts. Long rationale.\n Added the last note in 3.5.6 upgrading checklist item regarding build rules, please see below\n \n-21.49 Version 3.5.6\n+22.49 Version 3.5.6\n Released July, 2001.\n 2.5\n Emacs and TeX are no longer mandated by policy to be priority standard packages\n 11.5\n Programs that access docs need to do so via /usr/share/doc, and not via /usr/doc/ as was the policy previously\n 12.3\n Putting documentation in /usr/doc versus /usr/share/doc is now a \u201cserious\u201d policy violation.\n 11.5\n For web servers, one should not provide non-local access to the /usr/share/doc hierarchy. If one can\u2019t provide\n access controls for the http://localhost/doc/ directory, then it is preferred that one ask permission to expose that\n information during the install.\n 7\n There are new rules for build-indep/build-arch targets and there is a new Build-Depend-Indep semantic.\n \n-21.50 Version 3.5.5\n+22.50 Version 3.5.5\n Released May, 2001.\n 12.1\n Manpages should not rely on header information to have alternative manpage names available; it should only use\n symlinks or .so pages to do this\n \n-21.48. Version 3.5.7\n+22.48. Version 3.5.7\n \n-159\n+165\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Clarified note in 3.5.3.0 upgrading checklist regarding examples and templates: this refers only to those examples\n used by scripts; see section 10.7.3 for the whole story\n Included a new section 10.9.1 describing the use of dpkg-statoverride; this does not have the weight of policy\n Clarify Standards-Version: you don\u2019t need to rebuild your packages just to change the Standards-Version!\n@@ -7627,84 +7928,84 @@\n Packages must not ship /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/app-defaults/\n 11.8.7\n X-related packages should usually use the regular FHS locations; imake-using packages are exempted from\n this\n 11.8.8\n OpenMotif linked binaries have the same rules as OSF/Motif-linked ones\n \n-21.51 Version 3.5.4\n+22.51 Version 3.5.4\n Released April, 2001.\n 11.6\n The system-wide mail directory is now /var/mail, no longer /var/spool/mail. Any packages accessing the mail spool\n should access it via /var/mail and include a suitable Depends field;\n 11.9; perl-policy\n The perl policy is now part of Debian policy proper. Perl programs and modules should follow the current Perl\n policy\n \n-21.52 Version 3.5.3\n+22.52 Version 3.5.3\n Released April, 2001.\n 7.1\n Build-Depends arch syntax has been changed to be less ambiguous. This should not affect any current packages\n 10.7.3\n Examples and templates files for use by scripts should now live in /usr/share/ or /usr/lib/\n , with symbolic links from /usr/share/doc//examples as needed\n \n-21.53 Version 3.5.2\n+22.53 Version 3.5.2\n Released February, 2001.\n \n-160\n+166\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 11.8.6\n X app-defaults directory has moved from /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/app-defaults to /etc/X11/\n app-defaults\n \n-21.54 Version 3.5.1\n+22.54 Version 3.5.1\n Released February, 2001.\n 8.1\n dpkg-shlibdeps now uses objdump, so shared libraries have to be run through dpkg-shlibdeps as well as executables\n \n-21.55 Version 3.5.0\n+22.55 Version 3.5.0\n Released January, 2001.\n 11.8.5\n Font packages for the X Window System must now declare a dependency on xutils (>= 4.0.2)\n \n-21.56 Version 3.2.1.1\n+22.56 Version 3.2.1.1\n Released January, 2001.\n This release broke the normal rule against introducing normative changes without changing the major patch level.\n 9.3.2\n Daemon startup scripts in /etc/init.d/ should not contain modifiable parameters; these should be moved to a\n file in /etc/default/\n 12.3\n Files in /usr/share/doc must not be referenced by any program. If such files are needed, they must be placed\n in /usr/share//, and symbolic links created as required in /usr/share/doc//\n Much of the packaging manual has now been imported into the policy document\n \n-21.57 Version 3.2.1\n+22.57 Version 3.2.1\n Released August, 2000.\n 11.8.1\n A package of priority standard or higher may provide two binaries, one compiled with support for the X Window\n System, and the other without\n \n-21.58 Version 3.2.0\n+22.58 Version 3.2.0\n Released August, 2000.\n 10.1\n By default executables should not be built with the debugging option -g. Instead, it is recommended to support\n building the package with debugging information optionally.\n 12.8\n Policy for packages where the upstream uses HTML changelog files has been expanded. In short, a plain text\n changelog file should always be generated for the upstream changes\n Please note that the new release of the X window system (3.2) shall probably need sweeping changes in policy\n \n-21.54. Version 3.5.1\n+22.54. Version 3.5.1\n \n-161\n+167\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Policy for packages providing the following X-based features has been codified:\n 11.8.2\n X server (virtual package xserver)\n 11.8.3\n@@ -7720,20 +8021,20 @@\n Policy for packages using the X Window System and FHS issues has been clarified;\n 11.7.3\n No package may contain or make hard links to conffiles\n 8\n Noted that newer dpkg versions do not require extreme care in always creating the shared lib before the symlink,\n so the unpack order be correct\n \n-21.59 Version 3.1.1\n+22.59 Version 3.1.1\n Released November, 1999.\n 7.1\n Correction to semantics of architecture lists in Build-Depends etc. Should not affect many packages\n \n-21.60 Version 3.1.0\n+22.60 Version 3.1.0\n Released October, 1999.\n defunct\n /usr/doc/ has to be a symlink pointing to /usr/share/doc/, to be maintained by\n postinst and prerm scripts.\n \n 7.1, 7.6\n Introduced source dependencies (Build-Depends, etc.)\n@@ -7745,17 +8046,17 @@\n update-rc.d is now the only allowable way of accessing the /etc/rc?.d/[SK]??* links. Any scripts which\n manipulate them directly must be changed to use update-rc.d instead. (This is because the file-rc package handles\n this information in an incompatible way.)\n 12.7\n Architecture-specific examples go in /usr/lib//examples with symlinks from /usr/share/\n doc//examples/* or from /usr/share/doc//examples itself\n \n-162\n+168\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n 9.1.1\n Updated FHS to a 2.1 draft; this reverts /var/state to /var/lib\n 9.7; mime-policy\n Added MIME sub-policy document\n@@ -7766,21 +8067,21 @@\n details\n 12.7\n If a package provides a changelog in HTML format, a text-only version should also be included. (Such a version\n may be prepared using lynx -dump -nolist.)\n 3.2.1\n Description of how to handle version numbers based on dates added\n \n-21.61 Version 3.0.1\n+22.61 Version 3.0.1\n Released July, 1999.\n 10.2\n Added the clarification that the .la files are essential for the packages using libtool\u2019s libltdl library, in which case\n the .la files must go in the run-time library package\n \n-21.62 Version 3.0.0\n+22.62 Version 3.0.0\n Released June, 1999.\n 9.1\n Debian formally moves from the FSSTND to the FHS. This is a major change, and the implications of this move\n are probably not all known.\n 4.1\n Only 3 digits of the Standards version need be included in control files, though all four digits are still permitted.\n 12.6\n@@ -7793,21 +8094,21 @@\n section 5.8 has been rewritten (Programs for the X Window System)\n 9.6; menu-policy\n There is now an associated menu policy, in a separate document, that carries the full weight of Debian policy\n 11.3\n Programs which need to modify the files /var/run/utmp, /var/log/wtmp and /var/log/lastlog must be\n installed setgid utmp\n \n-21.61. Version 3.0.1\n+22.61. Version 3.0.1\n \n-163\n+169\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-21.63 Version 2.5.0\n+22.63 Version 2.5.0\n Released October, 1998.\n Please note that section numbers below this point may not match the current Policy Manual.\n \u2022 Rearranged the manual to create a new Section 4, Files\n \u2013 Section 3.3 (\u201cFiles\u201d) was moved to Section 4. The Sections that were Section 4 and Section 5 were moved\n down to become Section 5 and Section 6.\n \u2013 What was Section 5.5 (\u201cLog files\u201d) is now a subsection of the new Section 4 (\u201cFiles\u201d), becoming section 4.8,\n placed after \u201cConfiguration files\u201d, moving the Section 4.8 (\u201cPermissions and owners\u201d) to Section 4.9. All\n@@ -7818,40 +8119,40 @@\n \u2022 Clarified that HTML documentation should be present in some package, though not necessarily the main binary\n package.\n \u2022 Corrected all references to the location of the copyright files. The correct location is /usr/doc/package/\n copyright\n \n \u2022 Ratified the architecture specification strings to cater to the HURD.\n \n-21.64 Version 2.4.1\n+22.64 Version 2.4.1\n Released April, 1998.\n Updated section 3.3.5 Symbolic links\n symbolic links within a toplevel directory should be relative, symbolic links between toplevel directories should be\n absolute (cf., Policy Weekly Issue#6, topic 2)\n Updated section 4.9 Games\n manpages for games should be installed in /usr/man/man6 (cf., Policy Weekly Issue#6, topic 3)\n Updated Chapter 12 Shared Libraries\n ldconfig must be called in the postinst script if the package installs shared libraries (cf., Policy Weekly Issue #6,\n fixes:bug#20515)\n \n-21.65 Version 2.4.0\n+22.65 Version 2.4.0\n Released January, 1998\n Updated section 3.3.4 Scripts\n \u2022 /bin/sh may be any POSIX compatible shell\n \u2022 scripts including bashisms have to specify /bin/bash as interpreter\n \u2022 scripts which create files in world-writable directories (e.g., in /tmp) should use tempfile or mktemp for\n creating the directory\n Updated section 3.3.5 Symbolic Links\n symbolic links referencing compressed files must have the same file extension as the referenced file\n Updated section 3.3.6 Device files\n /dev/tty* serial devices should be used instead of /dev/cu*\n \n-164\n+170\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n Updated section 3.4.2 Writing the scripts in /etc/init.d\n \u2022 all /etc/init.d scripts have to provide the following options: start, stop, restart, force-reload\n \u2022 the reload option is optional and must never stop and restart the service\n Updated section 3.5 Cron jobs\n@@ -7868,98 +8169,98 @@\n Updated section 4.7 Programs for the X Window System\n \u2022 programs requiring a non-free Motif library should be provided as foo-smotif and foo-dmotif package\n \u2022 if lesstif works reliably for such program, it should be linked against lesstif and not against a non-free Motif\n library\n Updated section 4.9 Games\n games for X Windows have to be installed in /usr/games, just as non-X games\n \n-21.66 Version 2.3.0\n+22.66 Version 2.3.0\n Released September, 1997.\n \u2022 new section `4.2 Daemons\u2019 including rules for /etc/services, /etc/protocols, /etc/rpc, and /etc/\n inetd.conf\n \n \u2022 updated section about `Configuration files\u2019: packages may not touch other packages\u2019 configuration files\n \u2022 MUAs and MTAs have to use liblockfile\n \n-21.67 Version 2.2.0\n+22.67 Version 2.2.0\n Released July, 1997.\n \u2022 added section 4.1 `Architecture specification strings\u2019: use -linux where is one of the following: i386,\n alpha, arm, m68k, powerpc, sparc.\n \u2022 detailed rules for /usr/local\n \u2022 user ID\u2019s\n \u2022 editor/pager policy\n \u2022 cron jobs\n \u2022 device files\n \u2022 don\u2019t install shared libraries as executable\n \u2022 app-defaults files may not be conffiles\n \n-21.66. Version 2.3.0\n+22.66. Version 2.3.0\n \n-165\n+171\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-21.68 Version 2.1.3\n+22.68 Version 2.1.3\n Released March, 1997.\n \u2022 two programs with different functionality must not have the same name\n \u2022 \u201cWebstandard 3.0\u201d\n \u2022 \u201cStandard for Console Messages\u201d\n \u2022 Libraries should be compiled with -D_REENTRANT\n \u2022 Libraries should be stripped with strip --strip-unneeded\n \n-21.69 Version 2.1.2\n+22.69 Version 2.1.2\n Released November, 1996.\n \u2022 Some changes WRT shared libraries\n \n-21.70 Version 2.1.1\n+22.70 Version 2.1.1\n Released September, 1996.\n \u2022 No hard links in source packages\n \u2022 Do not use dpkg-divert or update-alternatives without consultation\n \u2022 Shared libraries must be installed stripped\n \n-21.71 Version 2.1.0\n+22.71 Version 2.1.0\n Released August, 1996.\n \u2022 Upstream changelog must be installed too\n \n-166\n+172\n \n-Chapter 21. Upgrading checklist\n+Chapter 22. Upgrading checklist\n \n \fCHAPTER\n \n-TWENTYTWO\n+TWENTYTHREE\n \n LICENSE\n \n Copyright \u00a9 1996, 1997, 1998 Ian Jackson and Christian Schwarz\n These are the copyright dates of the original Policy manual. Since then, this manual has been updated by many others.\n No comprehensive collection of copyright notices for subsequent work exists.\n This manual is free software; you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License\n as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.\n This is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied\n warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public\n License for more details.\n A copy of the GNU General Public License is available as /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL in the Debian distribution or on the World Wide Web at https://www.gnu.org/licenses/.\n \n-167\n+173\n \n \fDebian Policy Manual, Release 4.7.2.0\n \n-168\n+174\n \n-Chapter 22. License\n+Chapter 23. License\n \n \fINDEX\n \n R\n reboot\n-signaling, 82\n-reboot-required, 82\n-reboot-required.pkgs, 82\n+signaling, 88\n+reboot-required, 88\n+reboot-required.pkgs, 88\n \n S\n signaling\n-reboot, 82\n+reboot, 88\n \n-169\n+175\n \n \f\n"}]}]}, {"source1": "./usr/share/info/debian-policy.info.gz", "source2": "./usr/share/info/debian-policy.info.gz", "unified_diff": null, "details": [{"source1": "debian-policy.info", "source2": "debian-policy.info", "has_internal_linenos": true, "unified_diff": "@@ -66,38380 +66,39866 @@\n 00000410: 636c 7564 6564 2069 6e0a 7468 6520 6469 cluded in.the di\n 00000420: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a54 6869 stribution...Thi\n 00000430: 7320 6973 2044 6562 6961 6e20 506f 6c69 s is Debian Poli\n 00000440: 6379 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e37 2e32 cy version 4.7.2\n 00000450: 2e30 2c20 7265 6c65 6173 6564 206f 6e20 .0, released on \n 00000460: 3230 3235 2d30 322d 3237 2e0a 0a2a 204d 2025-02-27...* M\n 00000470: 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4162 6f75 7420 7468 enu:..* 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It\n-00003da0: 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 6120 7475 746f 7269 is not a tutori\n-00003db0: 616c 206f 6e20 686f 7720 746f 2062 7569 al on how to bui\n-00003dc0: 6c64 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c 206e 6f72 ld packages, nor\n-00003dd0: 2069 730a 6974 2065 7868 6175 7374 6976 is.it exhaustiv\n-00003de0: 6520 7768 6572 6520 6974 2063 6f6d 6573 e where it comes\n-00003df0: 2074 6f20 6465 7363 7269 6269 6e67 2074 to describing t\n-00003e00: 6865 2062 6568 6176 696f 7220 6f66 2074 he behavior of t\n-00003e10: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 0a73 7973 he packaging.sys\n-00003e20: 7465 6d2e 2020 496e 7374 6561 642c 2074 tem. 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The fact \n-00003f10: 7468 6174 2073 6f6d 6574 6869 6e67 2069 that something i\n-00003f20: 7320 6e6f 7420 7072 6f68 6962 6974 6564 s not prohibited\n-00003f30: 2062 790a 4465 6269 616e 2070 6f6c 6963 by.Debian polic\n-00003f40: 7920 646f 6573 206e 6f74 206d 6561 6e20 y does not mean \n-00003f50: 7468 6174 2069 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2061 that it is not a\n-00003f60: 2062 7567 2c20 6c65 7420 616c 6f6e 6520 bug, let alone \n-00003f70: 7468 6174 2069 7420 6973 0a64 6573 6972 that it is.desir\n-00003f80: 6162 6c65 2e20 2051 7565 7374 696f 6e73 able. Questions\n-00003f90: 206e 6f74 2063 6f76 6572 6564 2062 7920 not covered by \n-00003fa0: 706f 6c69 6379 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 policy should be\n-00003fb0: 2065 7661 6c75 6174 6564 206f 6e20 7468 evaluated on th\n-00003fc0: 6569 720a 6d65 7269 7473 2e0a 0a54 6865 eir.merits...The\n-00003fd0: 2066 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 2070 7265 7365 footnotes prese\n-00003fe0: 6e74 2069 6e20 7468 6973 206d 616e 7561 nt in this manua\n-00003ff0: 6c20 6172 6520 6d65 7265 6c79 2069 6e66 l are merely inf\n-00004000: 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 2c20 616e 6420 6172 ormative, and ar\n-00004010: 6520 6e6f 740a 7061 7274 206f 6620 4465 e not.part of De\n-00004020: 6269 616e 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 6974 7365 bian policy itse\n-00004030: 6c66 2e0a 0a54 6865 2061 7070 656e 6469 lf...The appendi\n-00004040: 6365 7320 746f 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 ces to this manu\n-00004050: 616c 2061 7265 206e 6f74 206e 6563 6573 al are not neces\n-00004060: 7361 7269 6c79 206e 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 sarily normative\n-00004070: 2c20 6569 7468 6572 2e0a 506c 6561 7365 , either..Please\n-00004080: 2073 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e74 726f see *note Intro\n-00004090: 6475 6374 696f 6e20 616e 6420 7363 6f70 duction and scop\n-000040a0: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2061 7070 656e e of these appen\n-000040b0: 6469 6365 733a 2036 2e20 666f 7220 6d6f dices: 6. for mo\n-000040c0: 7265 0a69 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a re.information..\n-000040d0: 0a49 6e20 7468 6520 6e6f 726d 6174 6976 .In the normativ\n-000040e0: 6520 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 6973 206d e part of this m\n-000040f0: 616e 7561 6c2c 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f anual, the follo\n-00004100: 7769 6e67 2074 6572 6d73 2061 7265 2075 wing terms are u\n-00004110: 7365 6420 746f 0a64 6573 6372 6962 6520 sed to.describe \n-00004120: 7468 6520 696d 706f 7274 616e 6365 206f the importance o\n-00004130: 6620 6561 6368 2073 7461 7465 6d65 6e74 f each statement\n-00004140: 3a20 2832 290a 0a20 2020 2a20 5468 6520 : (2).. * The \n-00004150: 7465 726d 7320 276d 7573 7427 2061 6e64 terms 'must' and\n-00004160: 2027 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 272c 2061 6e64 'must not', and\n-00004170: 2074 6865 2061 646a 6563 7469 7665 7320 the adjectives \n-00004180: 2772 6571 7569 7265 6427 2061 6e64 0a20 'required' and. \n-00004190: 2020 2020 2770 726f 6869 6269 7465 6427 'prohibited'\n-000041a0: 2c20 6465 6e6f 7465 2073 7472 6f6e 6720 , denote strong \n-000041b0: 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 2e20 2050 requirements. P\n-000041c0: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7468 6174 2064 6f20 ackages that do \n-000041d0: 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 666f 726d not. conform\n-000041e0: 2074 6f20 7468 6573 6520 7265 7175 6972 to these requir\n-000041f0: 656d 656e 7473 2077 696c 6c20 6765 6e65 ements will gene\n-00004200: 7261 6c6c 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 2063 6f6e rally not be con\n-00004210: 7369 6465 7265 640a 2020 2020 2061 6363 sidered. acc\n-00004220: 6570 7461 626c 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 eptable for the \n-00004230: 4465 6269 616e 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 Debian distribut\n-00004240: 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 6573 6520 7374 6174 ion. These stat\n-00004250: 656d 656e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 636f 7272 ements. corr\n-00004260: 6573 706f 6e64 2074 6f20 7468 6520 2763 espond to the 'c\n-00004270: 7269 7469 6361 6c27 2c20 2767 7261 7665 ritical', 'grave\n-00004280: 272c 2061 6e64 2027 7365 7269 6f75 7327 ', and 'serious'\n-00004290: 2062 7567 2073 6576 6572 6974 6965 730a bug severities.\n-000042a0: 2020 2020 2028 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2073 (normally s\n-000042b0: 6572 696f 7573 292e 2020 5468 6579 2061 erious). They a\n-000042c0: 7265 2063 6f6c 6c65 6374 6976 656c 7920 re collectively \n-000042d0: 6361 6c6c 6564 2027 506f 6c69 6379 0a20 called 'Policy. \n-000042e0: 2020 2020 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 requirements\n-000042f0: 272e 0a0a 2020 202a 2054 6865 2074 6572 '... * The ter\n-00004300: 6d73 2027 7368 6f75 6c64 2720 616e 6420 ms 'should' and \n-00004310: 2773 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7427 2c20 616e 'should not', an\n-00004320: 6420 7468 6520 6164 6a65 6374 6976 650a d the adjective.\n-00004330: 2020 2020 2027 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 'recommende\n-00004340: 6427 2c20 6465 6e6f 7465 2062 6573 7420 d', denote best \n-00004350: 7072 6163 7469 6365 732e 2020 4e6f 6e2d practices. Non-\n-00004360: 636f 6e66 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 7769 7468 conformance with\n-00004370: 2074 6865 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6775 6964 these. guid\n-00004380: 656c 696e 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6765 6e65 elines will gene\n-00004390: 7261 6c6c 7920 6265 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 rally be conside\n-000043a0: 7265 6420 6120 6275 672c 2062 7574 2077 red a bug, but w\n-000043b0: 696c 6c20 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 206e 6563 ill not. nec\n-000043c0: 6573 7361 7269 6c79 2072 656e 6465 7220 essarily render \n-000043d0: 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 756e 7375 6974 a package unsuit\n-000043e0: 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 2064 6973 7472 6962 able for distrib\n-000043f0: 7574 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 6573 650a 2020 ution. These. \n-00004400: 2020 2073 7461 7465 6d65 6e74 7320 636f statements co\n-00004410: 7272 6573 706f 6e64 2074 6f20 6275 6720 rrespond to bug \n-00004420: 7365 7665 7269 7469 6573 206f 6620 2769 severities of 'i\n-00004430: 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 272c 2027 6e6f 726d mportant', 'norm\n-00004440: 616c 272c 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 276d al',. and 'm\n-00004450: 696e 6f72 272e 2020 5468 6579 2061 7265 inor'. They are\n-00004460: 2063 6f6c 6c65 6374 6976 656c 7920 6361 collectively ca\n-00004470: 6c6c 6564 2027 506f 6c69 6379 0a20 2020 lled 'Policy. \n-00004480: 2020 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6461 7469 6f6e recommendation\n-00004490: 7327 2e0a 0a20 2020 2a20 5468 6520 6164 s'... * The ad\n-000044a0: 6a65 6374 6976 6573 2027 656e 636f 7572 jectives 'encour\n-000044b0: 6167 6564 2720 616e 6420 2764 6973 636f aged' and 'disco\n-000044c0: 7572 6167 6564 2720 6465 6e6f 7465 2070 uraged' denote p\n-000044d0: 6c61 6365 7320 7768 6572 650a 2020 2020 laces where. \n-000044e0: 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 6f66 6665 7273 2061 Policy offers a\n-000044f0: 6476 6963 6520 746f 206d 6169 6e74 6169 dvice to maintai\n-00004500: 6e65 7273 2c20 6275 7420 6d61 696e 7461 ners, but mainta\n-00004510: 696e 6572 7320 6172 6520 6672 6565 2074 iners are free t\n-00004520: 6f0a 2020 2020 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7720 6f72 o. follow or\n-00004530: 206e 6f74 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7720 7468 6174 not follow that\n-00004540: 2061 6476 6963 652e 2020 4e6f 6e2d 636f advice. Non-co\n-00004550: 6e66 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 7769 7468 2074 nformance with t\n-00004560: 6869 7320 6164 7669 6365 0a20 2020 2020 his advice. \n-00004570: 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6e6f 7420 is normally not \n-00004580: 636f 6e73 6964 6572 6564 2061 2062 7567 considered a bug\n-00004590: 3b20 6966 2061 2062 7567 2073 6565 6d73 ; if a bug seems\n-000045a0: 2077 6f72 7468 7768 696c 652c 0a20 2020 worthwhile,. \n-000045b0: 2020 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2069 7420 776f normally it wo\n-000045c0: 756c 6420 6861 7665 2061 2073 6576 6572 uld have a sever\n-000045d0: 6974 7920 6f66 2027 7769 7368 6c69 7374 ity of 'wishlist\n-000045e0: 272e 2020 5468 6573 6520 7374 6174 656d '. These statem\n-000045f0: 656e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6520 636f ents. are co\n-00004600: 6c6c 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2063 616c 6c65 llectively calle\n-00004610: 6420 2750 6f6c 6963 7920 6164 7669 6365 d 'Policy advice\n-00004620: 272e 0a0a 2020 202a 2054 6865 2074 6572 '... * The ter\n-00004630: 6d20 276d 6179 2720 616e 6420 7468 6520 m 'may' and the \n-00004640: 6164 6a65 6374 6976 6520 276f 7074 696f adjective 'optio\n-00004650: 6e61 6c27 2061 7265 2075 7365 6420 746f nal' are used to\n-00004660: 2063 6c61 7269 6679 0a20 2020 2020 6361 clarify. ca\n-00004670: 7365 7320 7768 6572 6520 6974 206d 6179 ses where it may\n-00004680: 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2061 7070 6561 otherwise appea\n-00004690: 7220 7468 6174 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 6973 r that Policy is\n-000046a0: 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 610a 2020 specifying a. \n-000046b0: 2020 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 206f requirement o\n-000046c0: 7220 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6461 7469 6f6e r recommendation\n-000046d0: 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6f73 6520 6361 7365 . In those case\n-000046e0: 732c 2074 6865 7365 2077 6f72 6473 0a20 s, these words. \n-000046f0: 2020 2020 6465 7363 7269 6265 2064 6563 describe dec\n-00004700: 6973 696f 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 isions that are \n-00004710: 7472 756c 7920 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 2061 truly optional a\n-00004720: 6e64 2061 7420 7468 6520 6d61 696e 7461 nd at the mainta\n-00004730: 696e 6572 e280 9973 0a20 2020 2020 6469 iner...s. di\n-00004740: 7363 7265 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a54 6865 2052 scretion...The R\n-00004750: 656c 6561 7365 2054 6561 6d20 6361 6e2c elease Team can,\n-00004760: 2061 7420 7468 6569 7220 6469 7363 7265 at their discre\n-00004770: 7469 6f6e 2c20 646f 776e 6772 6164 6520 tion, downgrade \n-00004780: 6120 506f 6c69 6379 0a72 6571 7569 7265 a Policy.require\n-00004790: 6d65 6e74 2074 6f20 6120 506f 6c69 6379 ment to a Policy\n-000047a0: 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6174 696f 6e20 recommendation \n-000047b0: 666f 7220 6120 6769 7665 6e20 7265 6c65 for a given rele\n-000047c0: 6173 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 ase of the Debia\n-000047d0: 6e0a 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2e20 n.distribution. \n-000047e0: 2054 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2064 6f6e This may be don\n-000047f0: 6520 666f 7220 6f6e 6c79 2061 2073 7065 e for only a spe\n-00004800: 6369 6669 6320 7061 636b 6167 6520 6f72 cific package or\n-00004810: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a61 7263 6869 7665 for the.archive\n-00004820: 2061 7320 6120 7768 6f6c 652e 2020 5468 as a whole. Th\n-00004830: 6973 2070 726f 7669 7369 6f6e 2069 7320 is provision is \n-00004840: 696e 7465 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 7072 6f76 intended to prov\n-00004850: 6964 6520 666c 6578 6962 696c 6974 790a ide flexibility.\n-00004860: 746f 2062 616c 616e 6365 2074 6865 2071 to balance the q\n-00004870: 7561 6c69 7479 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6473 uality standards\n-00004880: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6469 7374 7269 6275 of the distribu\n-00004890: 7469 6f6e 2061 6761 696e 7374 2074 6865 tion against the\n-000048a0: 2072 656c 6561 7365 0a73 6368 6564 756c release.schedul\n-000048b0: 6520 616e 6420 7468 6520 696d 706f 7274 e and the import\n-000048c0: 616e 6365 206f 6620 6d61 6b69 6e67 2061 ance of making a\n-000048d0: 2073 7461 626c 6520 7265 6c65 6173 652e stable release.\n-000048e0: 0a0a 4d75 6368 206f 6620 7468 6520 696e ..Much of the in\n-000048f0: 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6573 656e formation presen\n-00004900: 7465 6420 696e 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 ted in this manu\n-00004910: 616c 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2075 7365 6675 al will be usefu\n-00004920: 6c20 6576 656e 0a77 6865 6e20 6275 696c l even.when buil\n-00004930: 6469 6e67 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 ding a package w\n-00004940: 6869 6368 2069 7320 746f 2062 6520 6469 hich is to be di\n-00004950: 7374 7269 6275 7465 6420 696e 2073 6f6d stributed in som\n-00004960: 6520 6f74 6865 7220 7761 7920 6f72 0a69 e other way or.i\n-00004970: 7320 696e 7465 6e64 6564 2066 6f72 206c s intended for l\n-00004980: 6f63 616c 2075 7365 206f 6e6c 792e 0a0a ocal use only...\n-00004990: 7564 6562 7320 2873 7472 6970 7065 642d udebs (stripped-\n-000049a0: 646f 776e 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b down binary pack\n-000049b0: 6167 6573 2075 7365 6420 6279 2074 6865 ages used by the\n-000049c0: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 496e 7374 616c 6c65 Debian Installe\n-000049d0: 7229 2061 6e64 0a73 6f75 7263 6520 7061 r) and.source pa\n-000049e0: 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 7072 6f64 ckages that prod\n-000049f0: 7563 6520 6f6e 6c79 2075 6465 6273 2064 uce only udebs d\n-00004a00: 6f20 6e6f 7420 636f 6d70 6c79 2077 6974 o not comply wit\n-00004a10: 6820 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 0a72 6571 h all of the.req\n-00004a20: 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 7320 6469 7363 7573 uirements discus\n-00004a30: 7365 6420 6865 7265 2e20 2053 6565 2074 sed here. See t\n-00004a40: 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 496e 7374 616c he Debian Instal\n-00004a50: 6c65 7220 696e 7465 726e 616c 730a 6d61 ler internals.ma\n-00004a60: 6e75 616c 2833 2920 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 nual(3) for more\n-00004a70: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 626f information abo\n-00004a80: 7574 2074 6865 6d2e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d ut them... ---\n-00004a90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 ------- Footnote\n-00004aa0: 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 s ----------.. \n-00004ab0: 2028 3129 2049 6e66 6f72 6d61 6c6c 792c (1) Informally,\n-00004ac0: 2074 6865 2063 7269 7465 7269 6120 7573 the criteria us\n-00004ad0: 6564 2066 6f72 2069 6e63 6c75 7369 6f6e ed for inclusion\n-00004ae0: 2069 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 206d 6174 is that the mat\n-00004af0: 6572 6961 6c0a 6d65 6574 206f 6e65 206f erial.meet one o\n-00004b00: 6620 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 f the following \n-00004b10: 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 3a0a 0a53 requirements:..S\n-00004b20: 7461 6e64 6172 6420 696e 7465 7266 6163 tandard interfac\n-00004b30: 6573 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206d 6174 es.. The mat\n-00004b40: 6572 6961 6c20 7072 6573 656e 7465 6420 erial presented \n-00004b50: 7265 7072 6573 656e 7473 2061 6e20 696e represents an in\n-00004b60: 7465 7266 6163 6520 746f 2074 6865 2070 terface to the p\n-00004b70: 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 7379 ackaging. sy\n-00004b80: 7374 656d 2074 6861 7420 6973 206d 616e stem that is man\n-00004b90: 6461 7465 6420 666f 7220 7573 652c 2061 dated for use, a\n-00004ba0: 6e64 2069 7320 7573 6564 2062 792c 2061 nd is used by, a\n-00004bb0: 2073 6967 6e69 6669 6361 6e74 0a20 2020 significant. \n-00004bc0: 2020 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7061 636b number of pack\n-00004bd0: 6167 6573 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6572 6566 ages, and theref\n-00004be0: 6f72 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2062 ore should not b\n-00004bf0: 6520 6368 616e 6765 6420 7769 7468 6f75 e changed withou\n-00004c00: 740a 2020 2020 2070 6565 7220 7265 7669 t. peer revi\n-00004c10: 6577 2e20 2050 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 ew. Package mai\n-00004c20: 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 2063 616e 2074 6865 ntainers can the\n-00004c30: 6e20 7265 6c79 206f 6e20 7468 6973 2069 n rely on this i\n-00004c40: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f nterface. no\n-00004c50: 7420 6368 616e 6769 6e67 2c20 616e 6420 t changing, and \n-00004c60: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 6e61 the package mana\n-00004c70: 6765 6d65 6e74 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 gement software \n-00004c80: 6175 7468 6f72 7320 6e65 6564 2074 6f0a authors need to.\n-00004c90: 2020 2020 2065 6e73 7572 6520 636f 6d70 ensure comp\n-00004ca0: 6174 6962 696c 6974 7920 7769 7468 2074 atibility with t\n-00004cb0: 6869 7320 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 6465 his interface de\n-00004cc0: 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 2e20 2028 436f 6e74 finition. (Cont\n-00004cd0: 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 616e rol file. an\n-00004ce0: 6420 6368 616e 6765 6c6f 6720 6669 6c65 d changelog file\n-00004cf0: 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 2061 7265 2065 7861 formats are exa\n-00004d00: 6d70 6c65 732e 290a 0a43 686f 7365 6e20 mples.)..Chosen \n-00004d10: 436f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 0a0a 2020 2020 Convention.. \n-00004d20: 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 6120 If there are a \n-00004d30: 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7465 6368 6e69 number of techni\n-00004d40: 6361 6c6c 7920 7669 6162 6c65 2063 686f cally viable cho\n-00004d50: 6963 6573 2074 6861 7420 6361 6e20 6265 ices that can be\n-00004d60: 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 6465 2c20 6275 7420 . made, but \n-00004d70: 6f6e 6520 6e65 6564 7320 746f 2073 656c one needs to sel\n-00004d80: 6563 7420 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 7365 ect one of these\n-00004d90: 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 options for. \n-00004da0: 2020 696e 7465 722d 6f70 6572 6162 696c inter-operabil\n-00004db0: 6974 792e 2020 5468 6520 7665 7273 696f ity. 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N\n-00004e70: 6f74 652c 2068 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 ote, however, th\n-00004e80: 6174 2074 6865 7365 2077 6f72 6473 2061 at these words a\n-00004e90: 7265 2075 7365 6420 696e 2061 0a64 6966 re used in a.dif\n-00004ea0: 6665 7265 6e74 2077 6179 2069 6e20 7468 ferent way in th\n-00004eb0: 6973 2064 6f63 756d 656e 742e 0a0a 2020 is document... \n-00004ec0: 2028 3329 2068 7474 7073 3a2f 2f64 2d69 (3) https://d-i\n-00004ed0: 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 646f 632f .debian.org/doc/\n-00004ee0: 696e 7465 726e 616c 732f 6368 3033 2e68 internals/ch03.h\n-00004ef0: 746d 6c0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 tml....File: deb\n-00004f00: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n-00004f10: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4e65 7720 7665 7273 Node: New vers\n-00004f20: 696f 6e73 206f 6620 7468 6973 2064 6f63 ions of this doc\n-00004f30: 756d 656e 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4175 ument, Next: Au\n-00004f40: 7468 6f72 7320 616e 6420 4d61 696e 7461 thors and Mainta\n-00004f50: 696e 6572 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5363 iners, Prev: Sc\n-00004f60: 6f70 652c 2020 5570 3a20 4162 6f75 7420 ope, Up: About \n-00004f70: 7468 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c0a 0a31 2e32 this manual..1.2\n-00004f80: 204e 6577 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 New versions of\n-00004f90: 2074 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 0a3d this document.=\n-00004fa0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00004fb0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00004fc0: 0a0a 5468 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c20 6973 ..This manual is\n-00004fd0: 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 6564 2076 6961 distributed via\n-00004fe0: 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b the Debian pack\n-00004ff0: 6167 6520 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 age debian-polic\n-00005000: 7928 3129 2e0a 0a54 6865 2063 7572 7265 y(1)...The curre\n-00005010: 6e74 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 nt version of th\n-00005020: 6973 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 6973 2061 is document is a\n-00005030: 6c73 6f20 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6672 lso available fr\n-00005040: 6f6d 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e0a 7765 om the Debian.we\n-00005050: 6220 6d69 7272 6f72 7320 6174 20e2 8098 b mirrors at ...\n-00005060: 6874 7470 733a 2f2f 7777 772e 6465 6269 https://www.debi\n-00005070: 616e 2e6f 7267 2f64 6f63 2f64 6562 6961 an.org/doc/debia\n-00005080: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2fe2 8099 2e20 2041 n-policy/.... A\n-00005090: 6c73 6f0a 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6672 lso.available fr\n-000050a0: 6f6d 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6469 7265 om the same dire\n-000050b0: 6374 6f72 7920 6172 6520 7365 7665 7261 ctory are severa\n-000050c0: 6c20 6f74 6865 7220 666f 726d 6174 733a l other formats:\n-000050d0: 0a70 6f6c 6963 792e 6570 7562 2832 292c .policy.epub(2),\n-000050e0: 2070 6f6c 6963 792e 7478 7428 3329 2061 policy.txt(3) a\n-000050f0: 6e64 2070 6f6c 6963 792e 7064 6628 3429 nd policy.pdf(4)\n-00005100: 2e20 2049 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 2062 . Included in b\n-00005110: 6f74 6820 7468 650a 7361 6d65 2064 6972 oth the.same dir\n-00005120: 6563 746f 7279 2061 6e64 2069 6e20 7468 ectory and in th\n-00005130: 6520 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 7920 e debian-policy \n-00005140: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2061 2073 7461 package is a sta\n-00005150: 6e64 616c 6f6e 6520 636f 7079 206f 660a ndalone copy of.\n-00005160: 2a6e 6f74 6520 5570 6772 6164 696e 6720 *note Upgrading \n-00005170: 6368 6563 6b6c 6973 743a 2039 2c20 7768 checklist: 9, wh\n-00005180: 6963 6820 696e 6469 6361 7465 7320 706f ich indicates po\n-00005190: 6c69 6379 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2062 6574 licy changes bet\n-000051a0: 7765 656e 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 ween.versions of\n-000051b0: 2074 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2e0a this document..\n-000051c0: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n-000051d0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n-000051e0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 6874 7470 ---.. (1) http\n-000051f0: 733a 2f2f 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e64 6562 s://packages.deb\n-00005200: 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ian.org/debian-p\n-00005210: 6f6c 6963 790a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 6874 olicy.. (2) ht\n-00005220: 7470 733a 2f2f 7777 772e 6465 6269 616e tps://www.debian\n-00005230: 2e6f 7267 2f64 6f63 2f64 6562 6961 6e2d .org/doc/debian-\n-00005240: 706f 6c69 6379 2f70 6f6c 6963 792e 6570 policy/policy.ep\n-00005250: 7562 0a0a 2020 2028 3329 2068 7474 7073 ub.. (3) https\n-00005260: 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 ://www.debian.or\n-00005270: 672f 646f 632f 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c g/doc/debian-pol\n-00005280: 6963 792f 706f 6c69 6379 2e74 7874 0a0a icy/policy.txt..\n-00005290: 2020 2028 3429 2068 7474 7073 3a2f 2f77 (4) https://w\n-000052a0: 7777 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 646f ww.debian.org/do\n-000052b0: 632f 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792f c/debian-policy/\n-000052c0: 706f 6c69 6379 2e70 6466 0a0a 1f0a 4669 policy.pdf....Fi\n-000052d0: 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 le: debian-polic\n-000052e0: 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2041 y.info, Node: A\n-000052f0: 7574 686f 7273 2061 6e64 204d 6169 6e74 uthors and Maint\n-00005300: 6169 6e65 7273 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2052 ainers, Next: R\n-00005310: 656c 6174 6564 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7473 elated documents\n-00005320: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204e 6577 2076 6572 , Prev: New ver\n-00005330: 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6869 7320 646f sions of this do\n-00005340: 6375 6d65 6e74 2c20 2055 703a 2041 626f cument, Up: Abo\n-00005350: 7574 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 0a0a ut this manual..\n-00005360: 312e 3320 4175 7468 6f72 7320 616e 6420 1.3 Authors and \n-00005370: 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 730a 3d3d 3d3d Maintainers.====\n-00005380: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00005390: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a =======..* Menu:\n-000053a0: 0a0a 2a20 4561 726c 7920 6869 7374 6f72 ..* Early histor\n-000053b0: 793a 3a0a 2a20 4375 7272 656e 7420 7072 y::.* Current pr\n-000053c0: 6f63 6573 733a 3a0a 2a20 496d 7072 6f76 ocess::.* Improv\n-000053d0: 656d 656e 7473 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 ements::....File\n-000053e0: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n-000053f0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2045 6172 info, Node: Ear\n-00005400: 6c79 2068 6973 746f 7279 2c20 204e 6578 ly history, Nex\n-00005410: 743a 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2070 726f 6365 t: Current proce\n-00005420: 7373 2c20 2055 703a 2041 7574 686f 7273 ss, Up: Authors\n-00005430: 2061 6e64 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 and Maintainers\n-00005440: 0a0a 312e 332e 3120 4561 726c 7920 6869 ..1.3.1 Early hi\n-00005450: 7374 6f72 790a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d story.----------\n-00005460: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a4f 7269 6769 ---------..Origi\n-00005470: 6e61 6c6c 7920 6361 6c6c 6564 20e2 809c nally called ...\n-00005480: 4465 6269 616e 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 Debian GNU/Linux\n-00005490: 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 4d61 6e75 616c e280 Policy Manual..\n-000054a0: 9d2c 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 2077 ., this manual w\n-000054b0: 6173 0a69 6e69 7469 616c 6c79 2077 7269 as.initially wri\n-000054c0: 7474 656e 2069 6e20 3139 3936 2062 7920 tten in 1996 by \n-000054d0: 4961 6e20 4a61 636b 736f 6e2e 2020 4974 Ian Jackson. It\n-000054e0: 2077 6173 2072 6576 6973 6564 206f 6e20 was revised on \n-000054f0: 4e6f 7665 6d62 6572 0a32 3774 682c 2031 November.27th, 1\n-00005500: 3939 3620 6279 2044 6176 6964 2041 2e20 996 by David A. \n-00005510: 4d6f 7272 6973 2e20 2043 6872 6973 7469 Morris. Christi\n-00005520: 616e 2053 6368 7761 727a 2061 6464 6564 an Schwarz added\n-00005530: 206e 6577 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 6f6e new sections on\n-00005540: 0a4d 6172 6368 2031 3574 682c 2031 3939 .March 15th, 199\n-00005550: 372c 2061 6e64 2072 6577 6f72 6b65 642f 7, and reworked/\n-00005560: 7265 7374 7275 6374 7572 6564 2069 7420 restructured it \n-00005570: 696e 2041 7072 696c 2d4a 756c 7920 3139 in April-July 19\n-00005580: 3937 2e0a 4368 7269 7374 6f70 6820 4c61 97..Christoph La\n-00005590: 6d65 7465 7220 636f 6e74 7269 6275 7465 meter contribute\n-000055a0: 6420 7468 6520 e280 9c57 6562 2053 7461 d the ...Web Sta\n-000055b0: 6e64 6172 64e2 809d 2e20 204a 756c 6961 ndard.... Julia\n-000055c0: 6e20 4769 6c62 6579 206c 6172 6765 6c79 n Gilbey largely\n-000055d0: 0a72 6573 7472 7563 7475 7265 6420 6974 .restructured it\n-000055e0: 2069 6e20 3230 3031 2e20 2053 696e 6365 in 2001. Since\n-000055f0: 2053 6570 7465 6d62 6572 2031 3939 382c September 1998,\n-00005600: 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2074 6f20 7468 6520 changes to the \n-00005610: 636f 6e74 656e 7473 0a6f 6620 7468 6973 contents.of this\n-00005620: 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 6861 7665 2062 document have b\n-00005630: 6565 6e20 636f 2d6f 7264 696e 6174 6564 een co-ordinated\n-00005640: 2062 7920 6d65 616e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 by means of the\n-00005650: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 0a6d debian-policy.m\n-00005660: 6169 6c69 6e67 206c 6973 7420 3c64 6562 ailing list ....\n-00005690: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-000056a0: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-000056b0: 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2070 726f 6365 7373 Current process\n-000056c0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 6d70 726f 7665 , Next: Improve\n-000056d0: 6d65 6e74 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4561 ments, Prev: Ea\n-000056e0: 726c 7920 6869 7374 6f72 792c 2020 5570 rly history, Up\n-000056f0: 3a20 4175 7468 6f72 7320 616e 6420 4d61 : Authors and Ma\n-00005700: 696e 7461 696e 6572 730a 0a31 2e33 2e32 intainers..1.3.2\n-00005710: 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2070 726f 6365 7373 Current process\n-00005720: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n-00005730: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 506f 6c69 ------..The Poli\n-00005740: 6379 2045 6469 746f 7273 2061 7265 2044 cy Editors are D\n-00005750: 504c 2064 656c 6567 6174 6573 2077 6974 PL delegates wit\n-00005760: 6820 7265 7370 6f6e 7369 6269 6c69 7479 h responsibility\n-00005770: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a63 6f6e 7465 6e74 for the.content\n-00005780: 7320 6f66 2074 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 s of this docume\n-00005790: 6e74 2028 7365 6520 7468 6520 4465 6269 nt (see the Debi\n-000057a0: 616e 2043 6f6e 7374 6974 7574 696f 6e20 an Constitution \n-000057b0: 666f 7220 7468 6520 6d65 616e 696e 670a for the meaning.\n-000057c0: 6f66 20e2 809c 4450 4c20 6465 6c65 6761 of ...DPL delega\n-000057d0: 7465 e280 9d29 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 te...). 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Th\n-000058b0: 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 506f 6c69 6379 e current Policy\n-000058c0: 2045 6469 746f 7273 2061 7265 3a0a 0a20 Editors are:.. \n-000058d0: 2031 2e20 5275 7373 2041 6c6c 6265 7279 1. Russ Allbery\n-000058e0: 0a0a 2020 322e 2053 6561 6e20 5768 6974 .. 2. 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UTF-8 has th\n-00006920: 6520 7573 6566 756c 2070 726f 7065 7274 e useful propert\n-00006930: 7920 6f66 2068 6176 696e 670a 2020 2020 y of having. \n-00006940: 2041 5343 4949 2061 7320 6120 7375 6273 ASCII as a subs\n-00006950: 6574 2c20 736f 2061 6e79 2074 6578 7420 et, so any text \n-00006960: 656e 636f 6465 6420 696e 2041 5343 4949 encoded in ASCII\n-00006970: 2069 7320 7472 6976 6961 6c6c 7920 616c is trivially al\n-00006980: 736f 0a20 2020 2020 7661 6c69 6420 5554 so. valid UT\n-00006990: 462d 382e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d F-8... -------\n-000069a0: 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d --- Footnotes --\n-000069b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 --------.. (1)\n-000069c0: 2068 7474 703a 2f2f 7777 772e 756e 6963 http://www.unic\n-000069d0: 6f64 652e 6f72 672f 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 ode.org/.. (2)\n-000069e0: 2068 7474 703a 2f2f 7777 772e 756e 6963 http://www.unic\n-000069f0: 6f64 652e 6f72 672f 0a0a 2020 2028 3329 ode.org/.. (3)\n-00006a00: 2068 7474 7073 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e72 6663 https://www.rfc\n-00006a10: 2d65 6469 746f 722e 6f72 672f 7266 632f -editor.org/rfc/\n-00006a20: 7266 6333 3632 392e 7478 740a 0a1f 0a46 rfc3629.txt....F\n-00006a30: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-00006a40: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-00006a50: 5472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 2050 Translations, P\n-00006a60: 7265 763a 2044 6566 696e 6974 696f 6e73 rev: Definitions\n-00006a70: 2c20 2055 703a 2041 626f 7574 2074 6869 , Up: About thi\n-00006a80: 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 0a0a 312e 3620 5472 s manual..1.6 Tr\n-00006a90: 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e73 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d anslations.=====\n-00006aa0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a57 6865 ===========..Whe\n-00006ab0: 6e20 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e73 206f n translations o\n-00006ac0: 6620 7468 6973 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 f this document \n-00006ad0: 696e 746f 206c 616e 6775 6167 6573 206f into languages o\n-00006ae0: 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 456e 676c 6973 ther than Englis\n-00006af0: 680a 6469 7361 6772 6565 2077 6974 6820 h.disagree with \n-00006b00: 7468 6520 456e 676c 6973 6820 7465 7874 the English text\n-00006b10: 2c20 7468 6520 456e 676c 6973 6820 7465 , the English te\n-00006b20: 7874 2074 616b 6573 2070 7265 6365 6465 xt takes precede\n-00006b30: 6e63 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 nce.....File: de\n-00006b40: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f bian-policy.info\n-00006b50: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2042 696e 6172 7920 , Node: Binary \n-00006b60: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a packages, Next:\n-00006b70: 2053 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 Source packages\n-00006b80: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2041 626f 7574 2074 , Prev: About t\n-00006b90: 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 2c20 2055 703a his manual, Up:\n-00006ba0: 2054 6f70 0a0a 3220 4269 6e61 7279 2070 Top..2 Binary p\n-00006bb0: 6163 6b61 6765 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ackages.********\n-00006bc0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a54 6865 2044 *********..The D\n-00006bd0: 6562 6961 6e20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 ebian distributi\n-00006be0: 6f6e 2069 7320 6261 7365 6420 6f6e 2074 on is based on t\n-00006bf0: 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b 6167 he Debian packag\n-00006c00: 6520 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 0a73 7973 e management.sys\n-00006c10: 7465 6d2c 2063 616c 6c65 6420 e280 9864 tem, called ...d\n-00006c20: 706b 67e2 8099 2e20 2054 6875 732c 2061 pkg.... 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(1) I\n-00008c80: 660a 6f6e 6520 7065 7273 6f6e 206f 7220 f.one person or \n-00008c90: 7465 616d 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e73 2073 team maintains s\n-00008ca0: 6576 6572 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c everal packages,\n-00008cb0: 2074 6865 7920 7368 6f75 6c64 2075 7365 they should use\n-00008cc0: 2074 6865 2073 616d 650a 666f 726d 206f the same.form o\n-00008cd0: 6620 7468 6569 7220 6e61 6d65 2061 6e64 f their name and\n-00008ce0: 2065 6d61 696c 2061 6464 7265 7373 2069 email address i\n-00008cf0: 6e20 7468 6520 e280 984d 6169 6e74 6169 n the ...Maintai\n-00008d00: 6e65 72e2 8099 2066 6965 6c64 7320 6f66 ner... fields of\n-00008d10: 2074 686f 7365 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 732e those.packages.\n-00008d20: 0a0a 5468 6520 666f 726d 6174 206f 6620 ..The format of \n-00008d30: 7468 6520 e280 984d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 the ...Maintaine\n-00008d40: 72e2 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 6965 r... control fie\n-00008d50: 6c64 2069 7320 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 ld is described \n-00008d60: 696e 202a 6e6f 7465 0a4d 6169 6e74 6169 in *note.Maintai\n-00008d70: 6e65 723a 2033 322e 0a0a 4966 2074 6865 ner: 32...If the\n-00008d80: 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 6f66 2074 maintainer of t\n-00008d90: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 6120 he package is a \n-00008da0: 7465 616d 206f 6620 7065 6f70 6c65 2077 team of people w\n-00008db0: 6974 6820 6120 7368 6172 6564 2065 6d61 ith a shared ema\n-00008dc0: 696c 0a61 6464 7265 7373 2c20 7468 6520 il.address, the \n-00008dd0: e280 9855 706c 6f61 6465 7273 e280 9920 ...Uploaders... \n-00008de0: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 656c 6420 6d75 control field mu\n-00008df0: 7374 2062 6520 7072 6573 656e 7420 616e st be present an\n-00008e00: 6420 6d75 7374 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 0a61 d must contain.a\n-00008e10: 7420 6c65 6173 7420 6f6e 6520 6875 6d61 t least one huma\n-00008e20: 6e20 7769 7468 2074 6865 6972 2070 6572 n with their per\n-00008e30: 736f 6e61 6c20 656d 6169 6c20 6164 6472 sonal email addr\n-00008e40: 6573 732e 2020 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 650a ess. See *note.\n-00008e50: 5570 6c6f 6164 6572 733a 2033 332e 2066 Uploaders: 33. f\n-00008e60: 6f72 2074 6865 2073 796e 7461 7820 6f66 or the syntax of\n-00008e70: 2074 6861 7420 6669 656c 642e 0a0a 416e that field...An\n-00008e80: 206f 7270 6861 6e65 6420 7061 636b 6167 orphaned packag\n-00008e90: 6520 6973 206f 6e65 2077 6974 6820 6e6f e is one with no\n-00008ea0: 2063 7572 7265 6e74 206d 6169 6e74 6169 current maintai\n-00008eb0: 6e65 722e 2020 4f72 7068 616e 6564 0a70 ner. Orphaned.p\n-00008ec0: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2068 ackages should h\n-00008ed0: 6176 6520 7468 6569 7220 e280 984d 6169 ave their ...Mai\n-00008ee0: 6e74 6169 6e65 72e2 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 ntainer... contr\n-00008ef0: 6f6c 2066 6965 6c64 2073 6574 2074 6f20 ol field set to \n-00008f00: e280 9844 6562 6961 6e20 5141 0a47 726f ...Debian QA.Gro\n-00008f10: 7570 203c 7061 636b 6167 6573 4071 612e up .... \n-00008f30: 2054 6865 7365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 These packages \n-00008f40: 6172 6520 636f 6e73 6964 6572 6564 0a6d are considered.m\n-00008f50: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 6420 6279 2074 6865 aintained by the\n-00008f60: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7072 6f6a 6563 7420 Debian project \n-00008f70: 6173 2061 2077 686f 6c65 2075 6e74 696c as a whole until\n-00008f80: 2073 6f6d 656f 6e65 2065 6c73 650a 766f someone else.vo\n-00008f90: 6c75 6e74 6565 7273 2074 6f20 7461 6b65 lunteers to take\n-00008fa0: 206f 7665 7220 6d61 696e 7465 6e61 6e63 over maintenanc\n-00008fb0: 652e 2020 2832 290a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d e. (2).. ----\n-00008fc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 ------ Footnotes\n-00008fd0: 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 ----------.. \n-00008fe0: 2831 2920 4120 7361 6d70 6c65 2069 6d70 (1) A sample imp\n-00008ff0: 6c65 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2073 lementation of s\n-00009000: 7563 6820 6120 7768 6974 656c 6973 7420 uch a whitelist \n-00009010: 7772 6974 7465 6e20 666f 7220 7468 650a written for the.\n-00009020: 4d61 696c 6d61 6e20 6d61 696c 696e 6720 Mailman mailing \n-00009030: 6c69 7374 206d 616e 6167 656d 656e 7420 list management \n-00009040: 736f 6674 7761 7265 2069 7320 7573 6564 software is used\n-00009050: 2066 6f72 206d 6169 6c69 6e67 206c 6973 for mailing lis\n-00009060: 7473 0a68 6f73 7465 6420 6279 20e2 8098 ts.hosted by ...\n-00009070: 6874 7470 733a 2f2f 616c 696f 7468 2d6c https://alioth-l\n-00009080: 6973 7473 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6e65 742f ists.debian.net/\n-00009090: e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 2054 6865 ...... (2) The\n-000090a0: 2064 6574 6169 6c65 6420 7072 6f63 6564 detailed proced\n-000090b0: 7572 6520 666f 7220 6772 6163 6566 756c ure for graceful\n-000090c0: 6c79 206f 7270 6861 6e69 6e67 2061 2070 ly orphaning a p\n-000090d0: 6163 6b61 6765 2063 616e 2062 650a 666f ackage can be.fo\n-000090e0: 756e 6420 696e 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 und in the Debia\n-000090f0: 6e20 4465 7665 6c6f 7065 72e2 8099 7320 n Developer...s \n-00009100: 5265 6665 7265 6e63 6520 2873 6565 202a Reference (see *\n-00009110: 6e6f 7465 2052 656c 6174 6564 2064 6f63 note Related doc\n-00009120: 756d 656e 7473 3a0a 3131 2e29 2e0a 0a1f uments:.11.)....\n-00009130: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n-00009140: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n-00009150: 3a20 5468 6520 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f : The descriptio\n-00009160: 6e20 6f66 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 n of a package, \n-00009170: 204e 6578 743a 2044 6570 656e 6465 6e63 Next: Dependenc\n-00009180: 6965 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5468 6520 ies, Prev: The \n-00009190: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 206f 6620 6120 maintainer of a \n-000091a0: 7061 636b 6167 652c 2020 5570 3a20 4269 package, Up: Bi\n-000091b0: 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a32 nary packages..2\n-000091c0: 2e34 2054 6865 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 .4 The descripti\n-000091d0: 6f6e 206f 6620 6120 7061 636b 6167 650a on of a package.\n-000091e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000091f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00009200: 0a0a 4576 6572 7920 4465 6269 616e 2070 ..Every Debian p\n-00009210: 6163 6b61 6765 206d 7573 7420 6861 7665 ackage must have\n-00009220: 2061 20e2 8098 4465 7363 7269 7074 696f a ...Descriptio\n-00009230: 6ee2 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 6965 n... control fie\n-00009240: 6c64 2077 6869 6368 0a63 6f6e 7461 696e ld which.contain\n-00009250: 7320 6120 7379 6e6f 7073 6973 2061 6e64 s a synopsis and\n-00009260: 2065 7874 656e 6465 6420 6465 7363 7269 extended descri\n-00009270: 7074 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6163 ption of the pac\n-00009280: 6b61 6765 2e20 2054 6563 686e 6963 616c kage. 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Copyright s\n-00009680: 7461 7465 6d65 6e74 7320 616e 6420 6f74 tatements and ot\n-00009690: 6865 7220 6164 6d69 6e69 7374 7269 7669 her administrivi\n-000096a0: 6120 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2062 650a a should not be.\n-000096b0: 696e 636c 7564 6564 2065 6974 6865 7220 included either \n-000096c0: 2874 6861 7420 6973 2077 6861 7420 7468 (that is what th\n-000096d0: 6520 636f 7079 7269 6768 7420 6669 6c65 e copyright file\n-000096e0: 2069 7320 666f 7229 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e is for)...* Men\n-000096f0: 753a 0a0a 2a20 5468 6520 7369 6e67 6c65 u:..* The single\n-00009700: 206c 696e 6520 7379 6e6f 7073 6973 3a3a line synopsis::\n-00009710: 0a2a 2054 6865 2065 7874 656e 6465 6420 .* The extended \n-00009720: 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e3a 3a0a 0a1f description::...\n-00009730: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n-00009740: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n-00009750: 3a20 5468 6520 7369 6e67 6c65 206c 696e : The single lin\n-00009760: 6520 7379 6e6f 7073 6973 2c20 204e 6578 e synopsis, Nex\n-00009770: 743a 2054 6865 2065 7874 656e 6465 6420 t: The extended \n-00009780: 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 description, Up\n-00009790: 3a20 5468 6520 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f : The descriptio\n-000097a0: 6e20 6f66 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a0a n of a package..\n-000097b0: 322e 342e 3120 5468 6520 7369 6e67 6c65 2.4.1 The single\n-000097c0: 206c 696e 6520 7379 6e6f 7073 6973 0a2d line synopsis.-\n-000097d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000097e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 -------------..T\n-000097f0: 6865 2073 696e 676c 6520 6c69 6e65 2073 he single line s\n-00009800: 796e 6f70 7369 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 ynopsis should b\n-00009810: 6520 6b65 7074 2062 7269 6566 e280 9463 e kept brief...c\n-00009820: 6572 7461 696e 6c79 2075 6e64 6572 2038 ertainly under 8\n-00009830: 300a 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2e0a 0a44 0.characters...D\n-00009840: 6f20 6e6f 7420 696e 636c 7564 6520 7468 o not include th\n-00009850: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6e61 6d65 2069 e package name i\n-00009860: 6e20 7468 6520 7379 6e6f 7073 6973 206c n the synopsis l\n-00009870: 696e 652e 2020 5468 6520 6469 7370 6c61 ine. 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(see \n-00009f50: 6265 6c6f 7729 2c20 616e 6420 7368 6f75 below), and shou\n-00009f60: 6c64 206e 6f74 2064 6f20 736f 0a75 6e6c ld not do so.unl\n-00009f70: 6573 7320 7468 6579 2064 6570 656e 6420 ess they depend \n-00009f80: 6f6e 2061 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 7220 on a particular \n-00009f90: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6861 7420 version of that \n-00009fa0: 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 2831 290a 0a53 package. (1)..S\n-00009fb0: 6f6d 6574 696d 6573 2c20 756e 7061 636b ometimes, unpack\n-00009fc0: 696e 6720 6f6e 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 ing one package \n-00009fd0: 7265 7175 6972 6573 2074 6861 7420 616e requires that an\n-00009fe0: 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 6520 6265 other package be\n-00009ff0: 2066 6972 7374 0a75 6e70 6163 6b65 6420 first.unpacked \n-0000a000: 2761 6e64 2720 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 'and' configured\n-0000a010: 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6173 652c . In this case,\n-0000a020: 2074 6865 2064 6570 656e 6469 6e67 2070 the depending p\n-0000a030: 6163 6b61 6765 206d 7573 740a 7370 6563 ackage must.spec\n-0000a040: 6966 7920 7468 6973 2064 6570 656e 6465 ify this depende\n-0000a050: 6e63 7920 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 5072 ncy in the ...Pr\n-0000a060: 652d 4465 7065 6e64 73e2 8099 2063 6f6e e-Depends... con\n-0000a070: 7472 6f6c 2066 6965 6c64 2e0a 0a59 6f75 trol field...You\n-0000a080: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 7370 6563 should not spec\n-0000a090: 6966 7920 6120 e280 9850 7265 2d44 6570 ify a ...Pre-Dep\n-0000a0a0: 656e 6473 e280 9920 656e 7472 7920 666f ends... entry fo\n-0000a0b0: 7220 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 6265 666f r a package befo\n-0000a0c0: 7265 2074 6869 730a 6861 7320 6265 656e re this.has been\n-0000a0d0: 2064 6973 6375 7373 6564 206f 6e20 7468 discussed on th\n-0000a0e0: 6520 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2d 6465 7665 e ...debian-deve\n-0000a0f0: 6ce2 8099 206d 6169 6c69 6e67 206c 6973 l... mailing lis\n-0000a100: 7420 616e 6420 6120 636f 6e73 656e 7375 t and a consensu\n-0000a110: 730a 6162 6f75 7420 646f 696e 6720 7468 s.about doing th\n-0000a120: 6174 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 7265 6163 at has been reac\n-0000a130: 6865 642e 0a0a 5468 6520 666f 726d 6174 hed...The format\n-0000a140: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 of the package \n-0000a150: 696e 7465 7272 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 interrelationshi\n-0000a160: 7020 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 656c 6473 p control fields\n-0000a170: 2069 7320 6465 7363 7269 6265 640a 696e is described.in\n-0000a180: 202a 6e6f 7465 2044 6563 6c61 7269 6e67 *note Declaring\n-0000a190: 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7073 2062 relationships b\n-0000a1a0: 6574 7765 656e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 733a etween packages:\n-0000a1b0: 2033 642e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 3d... -------\n-0000a1c0: 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d --- Footnotes --\n-0000a1d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 --------.. (1)\n-0000a1e0: 2045 7373 656e 7469 616c 2069 7320 6e65 Essential is ne\n-0000a1f0: 6564 6564 2069 6e20 7061 7274 2074 6f20 eded in part to \n-0000a200: 6176 6f69 6420 756e 7265 736f 6c76 6162 avoid unresolvab\n-0000a210: 6c65 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 790a 6c6f le dependency.lo\n-0000a220: 6f70 7320 6f6e 2075 7067 7261 6465 2e20 ops on upgrade. \n-0000a230: 2049 6620 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 6464 If packages add\n-0000a240: 2075 6e6e 6563 6573 7361 7279 2064 6570 unnecessary dep\n-0000a250: 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6f6e 2070 6163 endencies on pac\n-0000a260: 6b61 6765 730a 696e 2074 6869 7320 7365 kages.in this se\n-0000a270: 742c 2074 6865 2063 6861 6e63 6573 2074 t, the chances t\n-0000a280: 6861 7420 7468 6572 6520 2777 696c 6c27 hat there 'will'\n-0000a290: 2062 6520 616e 2075 6e72 6573 6f6c 7661 be an unresolva\n-0000a2a0: 626c 6520 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 0a6c ble dependency.l\n-0000a2b0: 6f6f 7020 6361 7573 6564 2062 7920 666f oop caused by fo\n-0000a2c0: 7263 696e 6720 7468 6573 6520 4573 7365 rcing these Esse\n-0000a2d0: 6e74 6961 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2074 ntial packages t\n-0000a2e0: 6f20 6265 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 o be configured \n-0000a2f0: 6669 7273 740a 6265 666f 7265 2074 6865 first.before the\n-0000a300: 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2069 7320 y need to be is \n-0000a310: 6772 6561 746c 7920 696e 6372 6561 7365 greatly increase\n-0000a320: 642e 2020 4974 2061 6c73 6f20 696e 6372 d. It also incr\n-0000a330: 6561 7365 7320 7468 650a 6368 616e 6365 eases the.chance\n-0000a340: 7320 7468 6174 2066 726f 6e74 656e 6473 s that frontends\n-0000a350: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2075 6e61 626c 6520 will be unable \n-0000a360: 746f 2027 6361 6c63 756c 6174 6527 2061 to 'calculate' a\n-0000a370: 6e20 7570 6772 6164 6520 7061 7468 2c0a n upgrade path,.\n-0000a380: 6576 656e 2069 6620 6f6e 6520 6578 6973 even if one exis\n-0000a390: 7473 2e0a 0a41 6c73 6f2c 2066 756e 6374 ts...Also, funct\n-0000a3a0: 696f 6e61 6c69 7479 2069 7320 7261 7265 ionality is rare\n-0000a3b0: 6c79 2065 7665 7220 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 ly ever removed \n-0000a3c0: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2045 7373 656e 7469 from the Essenti\n-0000a3d0: 616c 2073 6574 2c20 6275 740a 2770 6163 al set, but.'pac\n-0000a3e0: 6b61 6765 7327 2068 6176 6520 6265 656e kages' have been\n-0000a3f0: 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2066 726f 6d20 7468 removed from th\n-0000a400: 6520 4573 7365 6e74 6961 6c20 7365 7420 e Essential set \n-0000a410: 7768 656e 2074 6865 0a66 756e 6374 696f when the.functio\n-0000a420: 6e61 6c69 7479 206d 6f76 6564 2074 6f20 nality moved to \n-0000a430: 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 7061 636b a different pack\n-0000a440: 6167 652e 2020 536f 2064 6570 656e 6469 age. So dependi\n-0000a450: 6e67 206f 6e20 7468 6573 650a 7061 636b ng on these.pack\n-0000a460: 6167 6573 2027 6a75 7374 2069 6e20 6361 ages 'just in ca\n-0000a470: 7365 2720 7468 6579 2073 746f 7020 6265 se' they stop be\n-0000a480: 696e 6720 6573 7365 6e74 6961 6c20 646f ing essential do\n-0000a490: 6573 2077 6179 206d 6f72 6520 6861 726d es way more harm\n-0000a4a0: 0a74 6861 6e20 676f 6f64 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 .than good.....F\n-0000a4b0: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-0000a4c0: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-0000a4d0: 5669 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 Virtual packages\n-0000a4e0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2042 6173 6520 7379 , Next: Base sy\n-0000a4f0: 7374 656d 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2044 6570 stem, Prev: Dep\n-0000a500: 656e 6465 6e63 6965 732c 2020 5570 3a20 endencies, Up: \n-0000a510: 4269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a Binary packages.\n-0000a520: 0a32 2e36 2056 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 .2.6 Virtual pac\n-0000a530: 6b61 6765 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d kages.==========\n-0000a540: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 536f 6d65 ==========..Some\n-0000a550: 7469 6d65 732c 2074 6865 7265 2061 7265 times, there are\n-0000a560: 2073 6576 6572 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 several package\n-0000a570: 7320 7768 6963 6820 6f66 6665 7220 6d6f s which offer mo\n-0000a580: 7265 2d6f 722d 6c65 7373 2074 6865 2073 re-or-less the s\n-0000a590: 616d 650a 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 6974 ame.functionalit\n-0000a5a0: 792e 2020 496e 2074 6869 7320 6361 7365 y. In this case\n-0000a5b0: 2c20 6974 e280 9973 2075 7365 6675 6c20 , it...s useful \n-0000a5c0: 746f 2064 6566 696e 6520 6120 2776 6972 to define a 'vir\n-0000a5d0: 7475 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 270a 7768 tual package'.wh\n-0000a5e0: 6f73 6520 6e61 6d65 2064 6573 6372 6962 ose name describ\n-0000a5f0: 6573 2074 6861 7420 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2066 es that common f\n-0000a600: 756e 6374 696f 6e61 6c69 7479 2e20 2028 unctionality. (\n-0000a610: 5468 6520 7669 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b The virtual pack\n-0000a620: 6167 6573 0a6f 6e6c 7920 6578 6973 7420 ages.only exist \n-0000a630: 6c6f 6769 6361 6c6c 792c 206e 6f74 2070 logically, not p\n-0000a640: 6879 7369 6361 6c6c 793b 2074 6861 74e2 hysically; that.\n-0000a650: 8099 7320 7768 7920 7468 6579 2061 7265 ..s why they are\n-0000a660: 2063 616c 6c65 640a 2776 6972 7475 616c called.'virtual\n-0000a670: 272e 2920 2054 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 '.) The package\n-0000a680: 7320 7769 7468 2074 6869 7320 7061 7274 s with this part\n-0000a690: 6963 756c 6172 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 icular function \n-0000a6a0: 7769 6c6c 2074 6865 6e0a 2770 726f 7669 will then.'provi\n-0000a6b0: 6465 2720 7468 6520 7669 7274 7561 6c20 de' the virtual \n-0000a6c0: 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 5468 7573 2c20 package. Thus, \n-0000a6d0: 616e 7920 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 any other packag\n-0000a6e0: 6520 7265 7175 6972 696e 6720 7468 6174 e requiring that\n-0000a6f0: 0a66 756e 6374 696f 6e20 6361 6e20 7369 .function can si\n-0000a700: 6d70 6c79 2064 6570 656e 6420 6f6e 2074 mply depend on t\n-0000a710: 6865 2076 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 6b61 he virtual packa\n-0000a720: 6765 2077 6974 686f 7574 2068 6176 696e ge without havin\n-0000a730: 6720 746f 0a73 7065 6369 6679 2061 6c6c g to.specify all\n-0000a740: 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 7061 636b 6167 possible packag\n-0000a750: 6573 2069 6e64 6976 6964 7561 6c6c 792e es individually.\n-0000a760: 0a0a 416c 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2073 ..All packages s\n-0000a770: 686f 756c 6420 7573 6520 7669 7274 7561 hould use virtua\n-0000a780: 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 l package names \n-0000a790: 7768 6572 6520 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 where appropriat\n-0000a7a0: 652c 2061 6e64 0a61 7272 616e 6765 2074 e, and.arrange t\n-0000a7b0: 6f20 6372 6561 7465 206e 6577 206f 6e65 o create new one\n-0000a7c0: 7320 6966 206e 6563 6573 7361 7279 2e20 s if necessary. \n-0000a7d0: 2054 6865 7920 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 They should not\n-0000a7e0: 2075 7365 2076 6972 7475 616c 0a70 6163 use virtual.pac\n-0000a7f0: 6b61 6765 206e 616d 6573 2028 6578 6365 kage names (exce\n-0000a800: 7074 2070 7269 7661 7465 6c79 2c20 616d pt privately, am\n-0000a810: 6f6e 6773 7420 6120 636f 6f70 6572 6174 ongst a cooperat\n-0000a820: 696e 6720 6772 6f75 7020 6f66 0a70 6163 ing group of.pac\n-0000a830: 6b61 6765 7329 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 7468 kages) unless th\n-0000a840: 6579 2068 6176 6520 6265 656e 2061 6772 ey have been agr\n-0000a850: 6565 6420 7570 6f6e 2061 6e64 2061 7070 eed upon and app\n-0000a860: 6561 7220 696e 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 ear in the list \n-0000a870: 6f66 0a76 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 6b61 of.virtual packa\n-0000a880: 6765 206e 616d 6573 2e20 2028 5365 6520 ge names. (See \n-0000a890: 616c 736f 202a 6e6f 7465 2056 6972 7475 also *note Virtu\n-0000a8a0: 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 5072 al packages - Pr\n-0000a8b0: 6f76 6964 6573 3a0a 3366 2e29 0a0a 5468 ovides:.3f.)..Th\n-0000a8c0: 6520 6c61 7465 7374 2076 6572 7369 6f6e e latest version\n-0000a8d0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6175 7468 6f72 6974 of the authorit\n-0000a8e0: 6174 6976 6520 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7669 ative list of vi\n-0000a8f0: 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6520 6e61 rtual package na\n-0000a900: 6d65 730a 6361 6e20 6265 2066 6f75 6e64 mes.can be found\n-0000a910: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9864 6562 6961 in the ...debia\n-0000a920: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e280 9920 7061 636b n-policy... pack\n-0000a930: 6167 652e 2020 4974 2069 7320 616c 736f age. It is also\n-0000a940: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2066 726f 6d0a available from.\n-0000a950: 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2077 6562 206d the Debian web m\n-0000a960: 6972 726f 7273 2061 740a e280 9868 7474 irrors at....htt\n-0000a970: 7073 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e ps://www.debian.\n-0000a980: 6f72 672f 646f 632f 7061 636b 6167 696e org/doc/packagin\n-0000a990: 672d 6d61 6e75 616c 732f 7669 7274 7561 g-manuals/virtua\n-0000a9a0: 6c2d 7061 636b 6167 652d 6e61 6d65 732d l-package-names-\n-0000a9b0: 6c69 7374 2e79 616d 6ce2 8099 2e0a 0a54 list.yaml......T\n-0000a9c0: 6865 2070 726f 6365 6475 7265 2066 6f72 he procedure for\n-0000a9d0: 2075 7064 6174 696e 6720 7468 6520 6c69 updating the li\n-0000a9e0: 7374 2069 7320 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 st is described \n-0000a9f0: 696e 2074 6865 2070 7265 6661 6365 2074 in the preface t\n-0000aa00: 6f20 7468 650a 6c69 7374 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 o the.list.....F\n-0000aa10: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-0000aa20: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-0000aa30: 4261 7365 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2020 4e65 Base system, Ne\n-0000aa40: 7874 3a20 4573 7365 6e74 6961 6c20 7061 xt: Essential pa\n-0000aa50: 636b 6167 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2056 ckages, Prev: V\n-0000aa60: 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c irtual packages,\n-0000aa70: 2020 5570 3a20 4269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 Up: Binary pac\n-0000aa80: 6b61 6765 730a 0a32 2e37 2042 6173 6520 kages..2.7 Base \n-0000aa90: 7379 7374 656d 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d system.=========\n-0000aaa0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 e280 9862 ======..The ...b\n-0000aab0: 6173 6520 7379 7374 656d e280 9920 6973 ase system... is\n-0000aac0: 2061 206d 696e 696d 756d 2073 7562 7365 a minimum subse\n-0000aad0: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 t of the Debian \n-0000aae0: 7379 7374 656d 2074 6861 7420 6973 0a69 system that is.i\n-0000aaf0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2062 6566 6f72 6520 nstalled before \n-0000ab00: 6576 6572 7974 6869 6e67 2065 6c73 6520 everything else \n-0000ab10: 6f6e 2061 206e 6577 2073 7973 7465 6d2e on a new system.\n-0000ab20: 2020 4f6e 6c79 2076 6572 7920 6665 770a Only very few.\n-0000ab30: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 7265 2061 6c6c packages are all\n-0000ab40: 6f77 6564 2074 6f20 666f 726d 2070 6172 owed to form par\n-0000ab50: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2062 6173 6520 7379 t of the base sy\n-0000ab60: 7374 656d 2c20 696e 206f 7264 6572 2074 stem, in order t\n-0000ab70: 6f20 6b65 6570 0a74 6865 2072 6571 7569 o keep.the requi\n-0000ab80: 7265 6420 6469 736b 2075 7361 6765 2076 red disk usage v\n-0000ab90: 6572 7920 736d 616c 6c2e 0a0a 5468 6520 ery small...The \n-0000aba0: 6261 7365 2073 7973 7465 6d20 636f 6e73 base system cons\n-0000abb0: 6973 7473 206f 6620 616c 6c20 7468 6f73 ists of all thos\n-0000abc0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2077 6974 6820 e packages with \n-0000abd0: 7072 696f 7269 7479 20e2 8098 7265 7175 priority ...requ\n-0000abe0: 6972 6564 e280 990a 6f72 20e2 8098 696d ired....or ...im\n-0000abf0: 706f 7274 616e 74e2 8099 2e20 204d 616e portant.... Man\n-0000ac00: 7920 6f66 2074 6865 6d20 7769 6c6c 2062 y of them will b\n-0000ac10: 6520 7461 6767 6564 20e2 8098 6573 7365 e tagged ...esse\n-0000ac20: 6e74 6961 6ce2 8099 2028 7365 6520 6265 ntial... (see be\n-0000ac30: 6c6f 7729 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 low).....File: d\n-0000ac40: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 ebian-policy.inf\n-0000ac50: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4573 7365 6e74 o, Node: Essent\n-0000ac60: 6961 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 204e ial packages, N\n-0000ac70: 6578 743a 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 ext: Maintainer \n-0000ac80: 5363 7269 7074 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 Scripts, Prev: \n-0000ac90: 4261 7365 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2020 5570 Base system, Up\n-0000aca0: 3a20 4269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 : Binary package\n-0000acb0: 730a 0a32 2e38 2045 7373 656e 7469 616c s..2.8 Essential\n-0000acc0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d packages.======\n-0000acd0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0000ace0: 0a0a 4573 7365 6e74 6961 6c20 6973 2064 ..Essential is d\n-0000acf0: 6566 696e 6564 2061 7320 7468 6520 6d69 efined as the mi\n-0000ad00: 6e69 6d61 6c20 7365 7420 6f66 2066 756e nimal set of fun\n-0000ad10: 6374 696f 6e61 6c69 7479 2074 6861 7420 ctionality that \n-0000ad20: 6d75 7374 2062 650a 6176 6169 6c61 626c must be.availabl\n-0000ad30: 6520 616e 6420 7573 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 e and usable on \n-0000ad40: 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 2061 7420 616c the system at al\n-0000ad50: 6c20 7469 6d65 732c 2065 7665 6e20 7768 l times, even wh\n-0000ad60: 656e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6172 650a en packages are.\n-0000ad70: 696e 2074 6865 20e2 809c 556e 7061 636b in the ...Unpack\n-0000ad80: 6564 e280 9d20 7374 6174 652e 2020 5061 ed... state. Pa\n-0000ad90: 636b 6167 6573 2061 7265 2074 6167 6765 ckages are tagge\n-0000ada0: 6420 e280 9865 7373 656e 7469 616c e280 d ...essential..\n-0000adb0: 9920 666f 7220 6120 7379 7374 656d 0a75 . for a system.u\n-0000adc0: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 4573 7365 sing the ...Esse\n-0000add0: 6e74 6961 6ce2 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c ntial... control\n-0000ade0: 2066 6965 6c64 2e20 2054 6865 2066 6f72 field. The for\n-0000adf0: 6d61 7420 6f66 2074 6865 20e2 8098 4573 mat of the ...Es\n-0000ae00: 7365 6e74 6961 6ce2 8099 0a63 6f6e 7472 sential....contr\n-0000ae10: 6f6c 2066 6965 6c64 2069 7320 6465 7363 ol field is desc\n-0000ae20: 7269 6265 6420 696e 202a 6e6f 7465 2045 ribed in *note E\n-0000ae30: 7373 656e 7469 616c 3a20 3434 2e0a 0a53 ssential: 44...S\n-0000ae40: 696e 6365 2074 6865 7365 2070 6163 6b61 ince these packa\n-0000ae50: 6765 7320 6361 6e6e 6f74 2062 6520 6561 ges cannot be ea\n-0000ae60: 7369 6c79 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2028 6f6e sily removed (on\n-0000ae70: 6520 6861 7320 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 e has to specify\n-0000ae80: 2061 6e0a 6578 7472 6120 2766 6f72 6365 an.extra 'force\n-0000ae90: 206f 7074 696f 6e27 2074 6f20 e280 9864 option' to ...d\n-0000aea0: 706b 67e2 8099 2074 6f20 646f 2073 6f29 pkg... to do so)\n-0000aeb0: 2c20 7468 6973 2066 6c61 6720 6d75 7374 , this flag must\n-0000aec0: 206e 6f74 2062 6520 7573 6564 0a75 6e6c not be used.unl\n-0000aed0: 6573 7320 6162 736f 6c75 7465 6c79 206e ess absolutely n\n-0000aee0: 6563 6573 7361 7279 2e20 2041 2073 6861 ecessary. A sha\n-0000aef0: 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7061 636b red library pack\n-0000af00: 6167 6520 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2062 650a age must not be.\n-0000af10: 7461 6767 6564 20e2 8098 6573 7365 6e74 tagged ...essent\n-0000af20: 6961 6ce2 8099 3b20 6465 7065 6e64 656e ial...; dependen\n-0000af30: 6369 6573 2077 696c 6c20 7072 6576 656e cies will preven\n-0000af40: 7420 6974 7320 7072 656d 6174 7572 6520 t its premature \n-0000af50: 7265 6d6f 7661 6c2c 2061 6e64 0a77 6520 removal, and.we \n-0000af60: 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2061 626c 6520 need to be able \n-0000af70: 746f 2072 656d 6f76 6520 6974 2077 6865 to remove it whe\n-0000af80: 6e20 6974 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 7375 n it has been su\n-0000af90: 7065 7273 6564 6564 2e0a 0a53 696e 6365 perseded...Since\n-0000afa0: 2064 706b 6720 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2070 dpkg will not p\n-0000afb0: 7265 7665 6e74 2075 7067 7261 6469 6e67 revent upgrading\n-0000afc0: 206f 6620 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 of other packag\n-0000afd0: 6573 2077 6869 6c65 2061 6e0a e280 9865 es while an....e\n-0000afe0: 7373 656e 7469 616c e280 9920 7061 636b ssential... pack\n-0000aff0: 6167 6520 6973 2069 6e20 616e 2075 6e63 age is in an unc\n-0000b000: 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 7374 6174 652c onfigured state,\n-0000b010: 2061 6c6c 20e2 8098 6573 7365 6e74 6961 all ...essentia\n-0000b020: 6ce2 8099 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6d75 l....packages mu\n-0000b030: 7374 2073 7570 706c 7920 616c 6c20 6f66 st supply all of\n-0000b040: 2074 6865 6972 2063 6f72 6520 6675 6e63 their core func\n-0000b050: 7469 6f6e 616c 6974 7920 6576 656e 2077 tionality even w\n-0000b060: 6865 6e0a 756e 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 hen.unconfigured\n-0000b070: 2061 6674 6572 2062 6569 6e67 2063 6f6e after being con\n-0000b080: 6669 6775 7265 6420 6174 206c 6561 7374 figured at least\n-0000b090: 206f 6e63 652e 2020 4966 2074 6865 2070 once. If the p\n-0000b0a0: 6163 6b61 6765 0a63 616e 6e6f 7420 7361 ackage.cannot sa\n-0000b0b0: 7469 7366 7920 7468 6973 2072 6571 7569 tisfy this requi\n-0000b0c0: 7265 6d65 6e74 2069 7420 6d75 7374 206e rement it must n\n-0000b0d0: 6f74 2062 6520 7461 6767 6564 2061 7320 ot be tagged as \n-0000b0e0: 6573 7365 6e74 6961 6c2c 2061 6e64 0a61 essential, and.a\n-0000b0f0: 6e79 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6465 7065 ny packages depe\n-0000b100: 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 2074 6869 7320 7061 nding on this pa\n-0000b110: 636b 6167 6520 6d75 7374 2069 6e73 7465 ckage must inste\n-0000b120: 6164 2068 6176 6520 6578 706c 6963 6974 ad have explicit\n-0000b130: 0a64 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 6669 656c .dependency fiel\n-0000b140: 6473 2061 7320 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 ds as appropriat\n-0000b150: 652e 0a0a 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 e...Maintainers \n-0000b160: 7368 6f75 6c64 2074 616b 6520 6772 6561 should take grea\n-0000b170: 7420 6361 7265 2069 6e20 6164 6469 6e67 t care in adding\n-0000b180: 2061 6e79 2070 726f 6772 616d 732c 2069 any programs, i\n-0000b190: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 732c 0a6f 7220 6675 nterfaces,.or fu\n-0000b1a0: 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 6974 7920 746f 20e2 nctionality to .\n-0000b1b0: 8098 6573 7365 6e74 6961 6ce2 8099 2070 ..essential... p\n-0000b1c0: 6163 6b61 6765 732e 2020 5061 636b 6167 ackages. Packag\n-0000b1d0: 6573 206d 6179 2061 7373 756d 6520 7468 es may assume th\n-0000b1e0: 6174 0a66 756e 6374 696f 6e61 6c69 7479 at.functionality\n-0000b1f0: 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 20e2 8098 provided by ...\n-0000b200: 6573 7365 6e74 6961 6ce2 8099 2070 6163 essential... pac\n-0000b210: 6b61 6765 7320 6973 2061 6c77 6179 7320 kages is always \n-0000b220: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 650a 7769 7468 6f75 available.withou\n-0000b230: 7420 6465 636c 6172 696e 6720 6578 706c t declaring expl\n-0000b240: 6963 6974 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 icit dependencie\n-0000b250: 732c 2077 6869 6368 206d 6561 6e73 2074 s, which means t\n-0000b260: 6861 7420 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 0a66 756e hat removing.fun\n-0000b270: 6374 696f 6e61 6c69 7479 2066 726f 6d20 ctionality from \n-0000b280: 7468 6520 4573 7365 6e74 6961 6c20 7365 the Essential se\n-0000b290: 7420 6973 2076 6572 7920 6469 6666 6963 t is very diffic\n-0000b2a0: 756c 7420 616e 6420 6973 2061 6c6d 6f73 ult and is almos\n-0000b2b0: 740a 6e65 7665 7220 646f 6e65 2e20 2041 t.never done. A\n-0000b2c0: 6e79 2063 6170 6162 696c 6974 7920 6164 ny capability ad\n-0000b2d0: 6465 6420 746f 2061 6e20 e280 9865 7373 ded to an ...ess\n-0000b2e0: 656e 7469 616c e280 9920 7061 636b 6167 ential... packag\n-0000b2f0: 6520 7468 6572 6566 6f72 650a 6372 6561 e therefore.crea\n-0000b300: 7465 7320 616e 206f 626c 6967 6174 696f tes an obligatio\n-0000b310: 6e20 746f 2073 7570 706f 7274 2074 6861 n to support tha\n-0000b320: 7420 6361 7061 6269 6c69 7479 2061 7320 t capability as \n-0000b330: 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 650a 4573 7365 part of the.Esse\n-0000b340: 6e74 6961 6c20 7365 7420 696e 2070 6572 ntial set in per\n-0000b350: 7065 7475 6974 792e 0a0a 596f 7520 6d75 petuity...You mu\n-0000b360: 7374 206e 6f74 2074 6167 2061 6e79 2070 st not tag any p\n-0000b370: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 e280 9865 7373 656e ackages ...essen\n-0000b380: 7469 616c e280 9920 6265 666f 7265 2074 tial... before t\n-0000b390: 6869 7320 6861 7320 6265 656e 2064 6973 his has been dis\n-0000b3a0: 6375 7373 6564 0a6f 6e20 7468 6520 e280 cussed.on the ..\n-0000b3b0: 9864 6562 6961 6e2d 6465 7665 6ce2 8099 .debian-devel...\n-0000b3c0: 206d 6169 6c69 6e67 206c 6973 7420 616e mailing list an\n-0000b3d0: 6420 6120 636f 6e73 656e 7375 7320 6162 d a consensus ab\n-0000b3e0: 6f75 7420 646f 696e 6720 7468 6174 2068 out doing that h\n-0000b3f0: 6173 0a62 6565 6e20 7265 6163 6865 642e as.been reached.\n-0000b400: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e ....File: debian\n-0000b410: 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e -policy.info, N\n-0000b420: 6f64 653a 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 ode: Maintainer \n-0000b430: 5363 7269 7074 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 Scripts, Prev: \n-0000b440: 4573 7365 6e74 6961 6c20 7061 636b 6167 Essential packag\n-0000b450: 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2042 696e 6172 7920 es, Up: Binary \n-0000b460: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 322e 3920 4d61 packages..2.9 Ma\n-0000b470: 696e 7461 696e 6572 2053 6372 6970 7473 intainer Scripts\n-0000b480: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n-0000b490: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 6163 =======..The pac\n-0000b4a0: 6b61 6765 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f kage installatio\n-0000b4b0: 6e20 7363 7269 7074 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 n scripts should\n-0000b4c0: 2061 766f 6964 2070 726f 6475 6369 6e67 avoid producing\n-0000b4d0: 206f 7574 7075 7420 7768 6963 6820 6973 output which is\n-0000b4e0: 0a75 6e6e 6563 6573 7361 7279 2066 6f72 .unnecessary for\n-0000b4f0: 2074 6865 2075 7365 7220 746f 2073 6565 the user to see\n-0000b500: 2061 6e64 2073 686f 756c 6420 7265 6c79 and should rely\n-0000b510: 206f 6e20 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2074 on ...dpkg... t\n-0000b520: 6f20 7374 6176 6520 6f66 660a 626f 7265 o stave off.bore\n-0000b530: 646f 6d20 6f6e 2074 6865 2070 6172 7420 dom on the part \n-0000b540: 6f66 2061 2075 7365 7220 696e 7374 616c of a user instal\n-0000b550: 6c69 6e67 206d 616e 7920 7061 636b 6167 ling many packag\n-0000b560: 6573 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e 732c es. 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The answers\n-0000cb10: 2074 6f20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f to configuratio\n-0000cb20: 6e20 7175 6573 7469 6f6e 7320 7368 6f75 n questions shou\n-0000cb30: 6c64 2062 6520 7374 6f72 6564 0a69 6e20 ld be stored.in \n-0000cb40: 616e 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2070 an appropriate p\n-0000cb50: 6c61 6365 2069 6e20 e280 982f 6574 63e2 lace in .../etc.\n-0000cb60: 8099 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2074 6865 2075 .. so that the u\n-0000cb70: 7365 7220 6361 6e20 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 ser can modify t\n-0000cb80: 6865 6d2c 2061 6e64 0a68 6f77 2074 6869 hem, and.how thi\n-0000cb90: 7320 6861 7320 6265 656e 2064 6f6e 6520 s has been done \n-0000cba0: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 646f 6375 6d65 should be docume\n-0000cbb0: 6e74 6564 2e0a 0a49 6620 6120 7061 636b nted...If a pack\n-0000cbc0: 6167 6520 6861 7320 6120 7669 7461 6c6c age has a vitall\n-0000cbd0: 7920 696d 706f 7274 616e 7420 7069 6563 y important piec\n-0000cbe0: 6520 6f66 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e e of information\n-0000cbf0: 2074 6f20 7061 7373 2074 6f20 7468 650a to pass to the.\n-0000cc00: 7573 6572 2028 7375 6368 2061 7320 e280 user (such as ..\n-0000cc10: 9c64 6f6e e280 9974 2072 756e 206d 6520 .don...t run me \n-0000cc20: 6173 2049 2061 6d2c 2079 6f75 206d 7573 as I am, you mus\n-0000cc30: 7420 6564 6974 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f t edit the follo\n-0000cc40: 7769 6e67 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 wing.configurati\n-0000cc50: 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2066 6972 7374 206f on files first o\n-0000cc60: 7220 796f 7520 7269 736b 2079 6f75 7220 r you risk your \n-0000cc70: 7379 7374 656d 2065 6d69 7474 696e 670a system emitting.\n-0000cc80: 6261 646c 792d 666f 726d 6174 7465 6420 badly-formatted \n-0000cc90: 6d65 7373 6167 6573 e280 9d29 2c20 6974 messages...), it\n-0000cca0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6469 7370 6c61 7920 should display \n-0000ccb0: 7468 6973 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9863 this in the ...c\n-0000ccc0: 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 206f 720a e280 9870 onfig... or....p\n-0000ccd0: 6f73 7469 6e73 74e2 8099 2073 6372 6970 ostinst... scrip\n-0000cce0: 7420 616e 6420 7072 6f6d 7074 2074 6865 t and prompt the\n-0000ccf0: 2075 7365 7220 746f 2068 6974 2072 6574 user to hit ret\n-0000cd00: 7572 6e20 746f 2061 636b 6e6f 776c 6564 urn to acknowled\n-0000cd10: 6765 2074 6865 0a6d 6573 7361 6765 2e20 ge the.message. \n-0000cd20: 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 206d 6573 7361 Copyright messa\n-0000cd30: 6765 7320 646f 206e 6f74 2063 6f75 6e74 ges do not count\n-0000cd40: 2061 7320 7669 7461 6c6c 7920 696d 706f as vitally impo\n-0000cd50: 7274 616e 7420 2874 6865 790a 6265 6c6f rtant (they.belo\n-0000cd60: 6e67 2069 6e20 e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 ng in .../usr/sh\n-0000cd70: 6172 652f 646f 632f 5041 434b 4147 452f are/doc/PACKAGE/\n-0000cd80: 636f 7079 7269 6768 74e2 8099 293b 206e copyright...); n\n-0000cd90: 6569 7468 6572 2064 6f20 696e 7374 7275 either do instru\n-0000cda0: 6374 696f 6e73 0a6f 6e20 686f 7720 746f ctions.on how to\n-0000cdb0: 2075 7365 2061 2070 726f 6772 616d 2028 use a program (\n-0000cdc0: 7468 6573 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 these should be \n-0000cdd0: 696e 206f 6e2d 6c69 6e65 2064 6f63 756d in on-line docum\n-0000cde0: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2c20 7768 6572 650a entation, where.\n-0000cdf0: 616c 6c20 7468 6520 7573 6572 7320 6361 all the users ca\n-0000ce00: 6e20 7365 6520 7468 656d 292e 0a0a 416e n see them)...An\n-0000ce10: 7920 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 7072 6f6d y necessary prom\n-0000ce20: 7074 696e 6720 7368 6f75 6c64 2061 6c6d pting should alm\n-0000ce30: 6f73 7420 616c 7761 7973 2062 6520 636f ost always be co\n-0000ce40: 6e66 696e 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 e280 nfined to the ..\n-0000ce50: 9863 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 0a6f 7220 e280 .config....or ..\n-0000ce60: 9870 6f73 7469 6e73 74e2 8099 2073 6372 .postinst... scr\n-0000ce70: 6970 742e 2020 4966 2069 7420 6973 2064 ipt. If it is d\n-0000ce80: 6f6e 6520 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 706f one in the ...po\n-0000ce90: 7374 696e 7374 e280 992c 2069 7420 7368 stinst..., it sh\n-0000cea0: 6f75 6c64 2062 650a 7072 6f74 6563 7465 ould be.protecte\n-0000ceb0: 6420 7769 7468 2061 2063 6f6e 6469 7469 d with a conditi\n-0000cec0: 6f6e 616c 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2075 6e6e onal so that unn\n-0000ced0: 6563 6573 7361 7279 2070 726f 6d70 7469 ecessary prompti\n-0000cee0: 6e67 2064 6f65 736e e280 9974 0a68 6170 ng doesn...t.hap\n-0000cef0: 7065 6e20 6966 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 pen if a package\n-0000cf00: e280 9973 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f ...s installatio\n-0000cf10: 6e20 6661 696c 7320 616e 6420 7468 6520 n fails and the \n-0000cf20: e280 9870 6f73 7469 6e73 74e2 8099 2069 ...postinst... i\n-0000cf30: 7320 6361 6c6c 6564 0a77 6974 6820 e280 s called.with ..\n-0000cf40: 9861 626f 7274 2d75 7067 7261 6465 e280 .abort-upgrade..\n-0000cf50: 992c 20e2 8098 6162 6f72 742d 7265 6d6f ., ...abort-remo\n-0000cf60: 7665 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 6162 6f72 ve... or ...abor\n-0000cf70: 742d 6465 636f 6e66 6967 7572 65e2 8099 t-deconfigure...\n-0000cf80: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ... ----------\n-0000cf90: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n-0000cfa0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 4465 -----.. (1) De\n-0000cfb0: 6263 6f6e 6620 6f72 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 bconf or another\n-0000cfc0: 2074 6f6f 6c20 7468 6174 2069 6d70 6c65 tool that imple\n-0000cfd0: 6d65 6e74 7320 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e ments the Debian\n-0000cfe0: 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a4d Configuration.M\n-0000cff0: 616e 6167 656d 656e 7420 5370 6563 6966 anagement Specif\n-0000d000: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7769 6c6c 2061 6c73 ication will als\n-0000d010: 6f20 6265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2c20 o be installed, \n-0000d020: 616e 6420 616e 7920 7665 7273 696f 6e65 and any versione\n-0000d030: 640a 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 206f d.dependencies o\n-0000d040: 6e20 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2073 6174 n it will be sat\n-0000d050: 6973 6669 6564 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7072 isfied before pr\n-0000d060: 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2062 econfiguration b\n-0000d070: 6567 696e 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 egins.....File: \n-0000d080: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n-0000d090: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 6f75 7263 fo, Node: Sourc\n-0000d0a0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 204e 6578 e packages, Nex\n-0000d0b0: 743a 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 t: Control files\n-0000d0c0: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6972 2066 6965 6c64 and their field\n-0000d0d0: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4269 6e61 7279 s, Prev: Binary\n-0000d0e0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2020 5570 3a20 packages, Up: \n-0000d0f0: 546f 700a 0a33 2053 6f75 7263 6520 7061 Top..3 Source pa\n-0000d100: 636b 6167 6573 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ckages.*********\n-0000d110: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 4120 4465 6269 ********..A Debi\n-0000d120: 616e 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 an source packag\n-0000d130: 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 6865 2073 e contains the s\n-0000d140: 6f75 7263 6520 6d61 7465 7269 616c 2075 ource material u\n-0000d150: 7365 6420 746f 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 sed to construct\n-0000d160: 0a6f 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 202a 6e6f .one or more *no\n-0000d170: 7465 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 te binary packag\n-0000d180: 6573 3a20 3163 2e20 2041 2073 6f75 7263 es: 1c. A sourc\n-0000d190: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 636f 6e73 6973 e package consis\n-0000d1a0: 7473 206f 6620 610a e280 982e 6473 63e2 ts of a.....dsc.\n-0000d1b0: 8099 2066 696c 6520 2873 6565 202a 6e6f .. file (see *no\n-0000d1c0: 7465 2044 6562 6961 6e20 736f 7572 6365 te Debian source\n-0000d1d0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c package control\n-0000d1e0: 2066 696c 6573 20e2 8093 202e 6473 633a files ... .dsc:\n-0000d1f0: 2034 632e 292c 0a6f 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 4c.),.one or mo\n-0000d200: 7265 2063 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6420 7461 re compressed ta\n-0000d210: 7220 6669 6c65 732c 2061 6e64 2070 6f73 r files, and pos\n-0000d220: 7369 626c 7920 6f74 6865 7220 6669 6c65 sibly other file\n-0000d230: 7320 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 0a74 s depending on.t\n-0000d240: 6865 2074 7970 6520 616e 6420 666f 726d he type and form\n-0000d250: 6174 206f 6620 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 at of source pac\n-0000d260: 6b61 6765 2e20 2042 696e 6172 7920 7061 kage. Binary pa\n-0000d270: 636b 6167 6573 2061 7265 2063 6f6e 7472 ckages are contr\n-0000d280: 7563 7465 640a 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2073 ucted.from the s\n-0000d290: 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 7669 ource package vi\n-0000d2a0: 6120 6120 6275 696c 6420 7072 6f63 6573 a a build proces\n-0000d2b0: 7320 6465 6669 6e65 6420 6279 20e2 8098 s defined by ...\n-0000d2c0: 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 e280 990a debian/rules....\n-0000d2d0: 616e 6420 6f74 6865 7220 6669 6c65 7320 and other files \n-0000d2e0: 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e in the ...debian\n-0000d2f0: e280 9920 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6f66 ... directory of\n-0000d300: 2074 6865 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 6420 736f the unpacked so\n-0000d310: 7572 6365 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a 0a44 urce.package...D\n-0000d320: 6562 6961 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 ebian source pac\n-0000d330: 6b61 6765 7320 6172 6520 636c 6173 7369 kages are classi\n-0000d340: 6669 6564 2061 7320 276e 6174 6976 6527 fied as 'native'\n-0000d350: 206f 7220 276e 6f6e 2d6e 6174 6976 6527 or 'non-native'\n-0000d360: 2e0a 0a41 206e 6174 6976 6520 736f 7572 ...A native sour\n-0000d370: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 6f6e ce package is on\n-0000d380: 6520 7468 6174 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 e that does not \n-0000d390: 6469 7374 696e 6775 6973 6820 6265 7477 distinguish betw\n-0000d3a0: 6565 6e20 4465 6269 616e 0a70 6163 6b61 een Debian.packa\n-0000d3b0: 6769 6e67 2072 656c 6561 7365 7320 616e ging releases an\n-0000d3c0: 6420 7570 7374 7265 616d 2072 656c 6561 d upstream relea\n-0000d3d0: 7365 732e 2020 4120 6e61 7469 7665 2073 ses. A native s\n-0000d3e0: 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 650a 636f ource package.co\n-0000d3f0: 6e74 6169 6e73 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 ntains a single \n-0000d400: 7461 7220 6669 6c65 206f 6620 736f 7572 tar file of sour\n-0000d410: 6365 206d 6174 6572 6961 6c2c 2061 6e64 ce material, and\n-0000d420: 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 696e 6720 the versioning \n-0000d430: 646f 6573 0a6e 6f74 2068 6176 6520 6120 does.not have a \n-0000d440: 4465 6269 616e 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 Debian-specific \n-0000d450: 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 742e 2020 4e61 7469 component. Nati\n-0000d460: 7665 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6172 6520 ve packages are \n-0000d470: 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2028 6275 740a 6e6f normally (but.no\n-0000d480: 7420 6578 636c 7573 6976 656c 7929 2075 t exclusively) u\n-0000d490: 7365 6420 666f 7220 736f 6674 7761 7265 sed for software\n-0000d4a0: 2074 6861 7420 6861 7320 6e6f 2069 6e64 that has no ind\n-0000d4b0: 6570 656e 6465 6e74 2065 7869 7374 656e ependent existen\n-0000d4c0: 6365 0a6f 7574 7369 6465 206f 6620 4465 ce.outside of De\n-0000d4d0: 6269 616e 2c20 7375 6368 2061 7320 736f bian, such as so\n-0000d4e0: 6674 7761 7265 2077 7269 7474 656e 2073 ftware written s\n-0000d4f0: 7065 6369 6669 6361 6c6c 7920 746f 2062 pecifically to b\n-0000d500: 6520 6120 4465 6269 616e 0a70 6163 6b61 e a Debian.packa\n-0000d510: 6765 2e0a 0a41 206e 6f6e 2d6e 6174 6976 ge...A non-nativ\n-0000d520: 6520 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e source package\n-0000d530: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6573 2074 6865 2075 separates the u\n-0000d540: 7073 7472 6561 6d20 7265 6c65 6173 6520 pstream release \n-0000d550: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 0a44 6562 6961 6e20 from the.Debian \n-0000d560: 7061 636b 6167 696e 6720 616e 6420 616e packaging and an\n-0000d570: 7920 4465 6269 616e 2d73 7065 6369 6669 y Debian-specifi\n-0000d580: 6320 6368 616e 6765 732e 2020 5468 6520 c changes. 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It i\n-0000e400: 7320 6e6f 7420 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 s not necessary \n-0000e410: 746f 0a6c 6973 7420 7061 636b 6167 6573 to.list packages\n-0000e420: 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 2072 6571 7569 which are requi\n-0000e430: 7265 6420 6d65 7265 6c79 2062 6563 6175 red merely becau\n-0000e440: 7365 2073 6f6d 6520 6f74 6865 7220 7061 se some other pa\n-0000e450: 636b 6167 6520 696e 0a74 6865 206c 6973 ckage in.the lis\n-0000e460: 7420 6f66 2062 7569 6c64 2d74 696d 6520 t of build-time \n-0000e470: 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2064 6570 dependencies dep\n-0000e480: 656e 6473 206f 6e20 7468 656d 2e20 2028 ends on them. 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In particular\n-0000e5c0: 2c20 7468 6973 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 , this means tha\n-0000e5d0: 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 636c 6175 7365 t version clause\n-0000e5e0: 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 0a62 6520 7573 6564 s should.be used\n-0000e5f0: 2072 6967 6f72 6f75 736c 7920 696e 2062 rigorously in b\n-0000e600: 7569 6c64 2d74 696d 6520 7265 6c61 7469 uild-time relati\n-0000e610: 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 736f 2074 6861 7420 onships so that \n-0000e620: 6f6e 6520 6361 6e6e 6f74 0a70 726f 6475 one cannot.produ\n-0000e630: 6365 2062 6164 206f 7220 696e 636f 6e73 ce bad or incons\n-0000e640: 6973 7465 6e74 6c79 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 istently configu\n-0000e650: 7265 6420 7061 636b 6167 6573 2077 6865 red packages whe\n-0000e660: 6e20 7468 6520 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 n the relationsh\n-0000e670: 6970 730a 6172 6520 7072 6f70 6572 6c79 ips.are properly\n-0000e680: 2073 6174 6973 6669 6564 2e0a 0a2a 6e6f satisfied...*no\n-0000e690: 7465 2044 6563 6c61 7269 6e67 2072 656c te Declaring rel\n-0000e6a0: 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7073 2062 6574 7765 ationships betwe\n-0000e6b0: 656e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 733a 2033 642e en packages: 3d.\n-0000e6c0: 2065 7870 6c61 696e 7320 7468 650a 7465 explains the.te\n-0000e6d0: 6368 6e69 6361 6c20 6465 7461 696c 732e chnical details.\n-0000e6e0: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n-0000e6f0: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n-0000e700: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2052 6174 ----.. (1) Rat\n-0000e710: 696f 6e61 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2d20 5468 ionale:.. - Th\n-0000e720: 6973 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 6d61 696e 7461 is allows mainta\n-0000e730: 696e 696e 6720 7468 6520 6c69 7374 2073 ining the list s\n-0000e740: 6570 6172 6174 656c 7920 6672 6f6d 2074 eparately from t\n-0000e750: 6865 2070 6f6c 6963 790a 2020 2020 2064 he policy. d\n-0000e760: 6f63 756d 656e 7473 2028 7468 6520 6c69 ocuments (the li\n-0000e770: 7374 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6e65 6564 st does not need\n-0000e780: 2074 6865 206b 696e 6420 6f66 2063 6f6e the kind of con\n-0000e790: 7472 6f6c 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a 2020 trol that the. \n-0000e7a0: 2020 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 646f 6375 6d65 policy docume\n-0000e7b0: 6e74 7320 646f 292e 0a0a 2020 202d 2048 nts do)... - H\n-0000e7c0: 6176 696e 6720 6120 7365 7061 7261 7465 aving a separate\n-0000e7d0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 package allows \n-0000e7e0: 6f6e 6520 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 one to install t\n-0000e7f0: 6865 2062 7569 6c64 2d65 7373 656e 7469 he build-essenti\n-0000e800: 616c 0a20 2020 2020 7061 636b 6167 6573 al. packages\n-0000e810: 206f 6e20 6120 6d61 6368 696e 652c 2061 on a machine, a\n-0000e820: 7320 7765 6c6c 2061 7320 616c 6c6f 7769 s well as allowi\n-0000e830: 6e67 206f 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 ng other package\n-0000e840: 7320 7375 6368 2061 730a 2020 2020 2074 s such as. t\n-0000e850: 6173 6b73 2074 6f20 7265 7175 6972 6520 asks to require \n-0000e860: 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 installation of \n-0000e870: 7468 6520 6275 696c 642d 6573 7365 6e74 the build-essent\n-0000e880: 6961 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2075 7369 ial packages usi\n-0000e890: 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6465 7065 ng. the depe\n-0000e8a0: 6e64 7320 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 nds relation... \n-0000e8b0: 2020 2d20 5468 6520 7365 7061 7261 7465 - The separate\n-0000e8c0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 package allows \n-0000e8d0: 6275 6720 7265 706f 7274 7320 6167 6169 bug reports agai\n-0000e8e0: 6e73 7420 7468 6520 6c69 7374 2074 6f20 nst the list to \n-0000e8f0: 6265 0a20 2020 2020 6361 7465 676f 7269 be. categori\n-0000e900: 7a65 6420 7365 7061 7261 7465 6c79 2066 zed separately f\n-0000e910: 726f 6d20 7468 6520 706f 6c69 6379 206d rom the policy m\n-0000e920: 616e 6167 656d 656e 7420 7072 6f63 6573 anagement proces\n-0000e930: 7320 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 4254 s in the. BT\n-0000e940: 532e 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 2054 6865 2072 S... (2) The r\n-0000e950: 6561 736f 6e20 666f 7220 7468 6973 2069 eason for this i\n-0000e960: 7320 7468 6174 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 s that dependenc\n-0000e970: 6965 7320 6368 616e 6765 2c20 616e 6420 ies change, and \n-0000e980: 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 0a6c 6973 7420 you should.list \n-0000e990: 616c 6c20 7468 6f73 6520 7061 636b 6167 all those packag\n-0000e9a0: 6573 2c20 616e 6420 276f 6e6c 7927 2074 es, and 'only' t\n-0000e9b0: 686f 7365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7468 hose packages th\n-0000e9c0: 6174 2027 796f 7527 206e 6565 640a 6469 at 'you' need.di\n-0000e9d0: 7265 6374 6c79 2e20 2057 6861 7420 6f74 rectly. What ot\n-0000e9e0: 6865 7273 206e 6565 6420 6973 2074 6865 hers need is the\n-0000e9f0: 6972 2062 7573 696e 6573 732e 2020 466f ir business. Fo\n-0000ea00: 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2069 6620 796f r example, if yo\n-0000ea10: 7520 6f6e 6c79 0a6c 696e 6b20 6167 6169 u only.link agai\n-0000ea20: 6e73 7420 e280 986c 6962 696d 6c69 62e2 nst ...libimlib.\n-0000ea30: 8099 2c20 796f 7520 7769 6c6c 206e 6565 .., you will nee\n-0000ea40: 6420 746f 2062 7569 6c64 2d64 6570 656e d to build-depen\n-0000ea50: 6420 6f6e 206c 6962 696d 6c69 6232 2d64 d on libimlib2-d\n-0000ea60: 6576 0a62 7574 206e 6f74 2061 6761 696e ev.but not again\n-0000ea70: 7374 2061 6e79 20e2 8098 6c69 626a 7065 st any ...libjpe\n-0000ea80: 672a e280 9920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 g*... packages, \n-0000ea90: 6576 656e 2074 686f 7567 6820 e280 986c even though ...l\n-0000eaa0: 6962 696d 6c69 6232 2d64 6576 e280 990a ibimlib2-dev....\n-0000eab0: 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 6465 7065 6e64 currently depend\n-0000eac0: 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 6d3a 2069 6e73 7461 s on them: insta\n-0000ead0: 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 206c 6962 696d llation of libim\n-0000eae0: 6c69 6232 2d64 6576 2077 696c 6c0a 6175 lib2-dev will.au\n-0000eaf0: 746f 6d61 7469 6361 6c6c 7920 656e 7375 tomatically ensu\n-0000eb00: 7265 2074 6861 7420 616c 6c20 6f66 2069 re that all of i\n-0000eb10: 7473 2072 756e 2d74 696d 6520 6465 7065 ts run-time depe\n-0000eb20: 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2061 7265 0a73 6174 ndencies are.sat\n-0000eb30: 6973 6669 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a isfied.....File:\n-0000eb40: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n-0000eb50: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4368 616e nfo, Node: Chan\n-0000eb60: 6765 7320 746f 2074 6865 2075 7073 7472 ges to the upstr\n-0000eb70: 6561 6d20 736f 7572 6365 732c 2020 4e65 eam sources, Ne\n-0000eb80: 7874 3a20 4465 6269 616e 2063 6861 6e67 xt: Debian chang\n-0000eb90: 656c 6f67 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 6368 616e elog debian/chan\n-0000eba0: 6765 6c6f 672c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5061 gelog, Prev: Pa\n-0000ebb0: 636b 6167 6520 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 ckage relationsh\n-0000ebc0: 6970 732c 2020 5570 3a20 536f 7572 6365 ips, Up: Source\n-0000ebd0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a33 2e33 2043 packages..3.3 C\n-0000ebe0: 6861 6e67 6573 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7570 hanges to the up\n-0000ebf0: 7374 7265 616d 2073 6f75 7263 6573 0a3d stream sources.=\n-0000ec00: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0000ec10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0000ec20: 3d3d 0a0a 4966 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2074 ==..If changes t\n-0000ec30: 6f20 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 2063 6f64 o the source cod\n-0000ec40: 6520 6172 6520 6d61 6465 2074 6861 7420 e are made that \n-0000ec50: 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 7370 6563 6966 6963 are not specific\n-0000ec60: 2074 6f20 7468 650a 6e65 6564 7320 6f66 to the.needs of\n-0000ec70: 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7379 7374 the Debian syst\n-0000ec80: 656d 2c20 7468 6579 2073 686f 756c 6420 em, they should \n-0000ec90: 6265 2073 656e 7420 746f 2074 6865 2075 be sent to the u\n-0000eca0: 7073 7472 6561 6d20 6175 7468 6f72 730a pstream authors.\n-0000ecb0: 696e 2077 6861 7465 7665 7220 666f 726d in whatever form\n-0000ecc0: 2074 6865 7920 7072 6566 6572 2073 6f20 they prefer so \n-0000ecd0: 6173 2074 6f20 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 as to be include\n-0000ece0: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2075 7073 7472 6561 d in the upstrea\n-0000ecf0: 6d0a 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 m.version of the\n-0000ed00: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a 0a49 6620 796f package...If yo\n-0000ed10: 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 636f 6e66 6967 u need to config\n-0000ed20: 7572 6520 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 ure the package \n-0000ed30: 6469 6666 6572 656e 746c 7920 666f 7220 differently for \n-0000ed40: 4465 6269 616e 206f 7220 666f 720a 4c69 Debian or for.Li\n-0000ed50: 6e75 782c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2075 7073 nux, and the ups\n-0000ed60: 7472 6561 6d20 736f 7572 6365 2064 6f65 tream source doe\n-0000ed70: 736e e280 9974 2070 726f 7669 6465 2061 sn...t provide a\n-0000ed80: 2077 6179 2074 6f20 646f 2073 6f2c 2079 way to do so, y\n-0000ed90: 6f75 0a73 686f 756c 6420 6164 6420 7375 ou.should add su\n-0000eda0: 6368 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e ch configuration\n-0000edb0: 2066 6163 696c 6974 6965 7320 2866 6f72 facilities (for\n-0000edc0: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6120 6e65 7720 example, a new \n-0000edd0: e280 9861 7574 6f63 6f6e 66e2 8099 0a74 ...autoconf....t\n-0000ede0: 6573 7420 6f72 20e2 8098 2364 6566 696e est or ...#defin\n-0000edf0: 65e2 8099 2920 616e 6420 7365 6e64 2074 e...) and send t\n-0000ee00: 6865 2070 6174 6368 2074 6f20 7468 6520 he patch to the \n-0000ee10: 7570 7374 7265 616d 2061 7574 686f 7273 upstream authors\n-0000ee20: 2c20 7769 7468 2074 6865 0a64 6566 6175 , with the.defau\n-0000ee30: 6c74 2073 6574 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7761 lt set to the wa\n-0000ee40: 7920 7468 6579 206f 7269 6769 6e61 6c6c y they originall\n-0000ee50: 7920 6861 6420 6974 2e20 2059 6f75 2063 y had it. You c\n-0000ee60: 616e 2074 6865 6e20 6561 7369 6c79 0a6f an then easily.o\n-0000ee70: 7665 7272 6964 6520 7468 6520 6465 6661 verride the defa\n-0000ee80: 756c 7420 696e 2079 6f75 7220 e280 9864 ult in your ...d\n-0000ee90: 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 206f ebian/rules... o\n-0000eea0: 7220 7768 6572 6576 6572 2069 7320 6170 r wherever is ap\n-0000eeb0: 7072 6f70 7269 6174 652e 0a0a 596f 7520 propriate...You \n-0000eec0: 7368 6f75 6c64 206d 616b 6520 7375 7265 should make sure\n-0000eed0: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 e280 9863 6f6e that the ...con\n-0000eee0: 6669 6775 7265 e280 9920 7574 696c 6974 figure... utilit\n-0000eef0: 7920 6465 7465 6374 7320 7468 6520 636f y detects the co\n-0000ef00: 7272 6563 740a 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 rrect.architectu\n-0000ef10: 7265 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e re specification\n-0000ef20: 2073 7472 696e 6720 2872 6566 6572 2074 string (refer t\n-0000ef30: 6f20 2a6e 6f74 6520 4172 6368 6974 6563 o *note Architec\n-0000ef40: 7475 7265 0a73 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 ture.specificati\n-0000ef50: 6f6e 2073 7472 696e 6773 3a20 3534 2e20 on strings: 54. \n-0000ef60: 666f 7220 6465 7461 696c 7329 2e0a 0a49 for details)...I\n-0000ef70: 6620 796f 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 f your package i\n-0000ef80: 6e63 6c75 6465 7320 7468 6520 7363 7269 ncludes the scri\n-0000ef90: 7074 7320 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 672e 7375 pts ...config.su\n-0000efa0: 62e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 b... and ...conf\n-0000efb0: 6967 2e67 7565 7373 e280 992c 0a79 6f75 ig.guess...,.you\n-0000efc0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6172 7261 6e67 6520 should arrange \n-0000efd0: 666f 7220 7468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e73 for the versions\n-0000efe0: 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 provided by the\n-0000eff0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a61 7574 6f74 6f6f package.autotoo\n-0000f000: 6c73 2d64 6576 2062 6520 7573 6564 2069 ls-dev be used i\n-0000f010: 6e73 7465 6164 2028 7365 6520 6175 746f nstead (see auto\n-0000f020: 746f 6f6c 732d 6465 7620 646f 6375 6d65 tools-dev docume\n-0000f030: 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 666f 720a 6465 7461 ntation for.deta\n-0000f040: 696c 7320 686f 7720 746f 2061 6368 6965 ils how to achie\n-0000f050: 7665 2074 6861 7429 2e20 2054 6869 7320 ve that). 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This a\n-0000f180: 6c6c 6f77 7320 7468 6520 7573 6572 2074 llows the user t\n-0000f190: 6f20 7265 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6520 7468 o reconfigure th\n-0000f1a0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6966 206e 6563 e package if nec\n-0000f1b0: 6573 7361 7279 2e0a 596f 7520 7368 6f75 essary..You shou\n-0000f1c0: 6c64 2027 6e6f 7427 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 ld 'not' configu\n-0000f1d0: 7265 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 re the package a\n-0000f1e0: 6e64 2065 6469 7420 7468 6520 6765 6e65 nd edit the gene\n-0000f1f0: 7261 7465 640a e280 984d 616b 6566 696c rated....Makefil\n-0000f200: 65e2 8099 2120 2054 6869 7320 6d61 6b65 e...! 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The \n-00010280: e280 9c74 7261 696c 6572 e280 9d20 6c69 ...trailer... li\n-00010290: 6e65 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6d61 696e ne with the main\n-000102a0: 7461 696e 6572 2061 6e64 2064 6174 6520 tainer and date \n-000102b0: 6465 7461 696c 7320 6d75 7374 2062 650a details must be.\n-000102c0: 7072 6563 6564 6564 2062 7920 6578 6163 preceded by exac\n-000102d0: 746c 7920 6f6e 6520 7370 6163 652e 2020 tly one space. \n-000102e0: 5468 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2064 The maintainer d\n-000102f0: 6574 6169 6c73 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2064 etails and the d\n-00010300: 6174 6520 6d75 7374 0a62 6520 7365 7061 ate must.be sepa\n-00010310: 7261 7465 6420 6279 2065 7861 6374 6c79 rated by exactly\n-00010320: 2074 776f 2073 7061 6365 732e 0a0a 5468 two spaces...Th\n-00010330: 6520 656e 7469 7265 2063 6861 6e67 656c e entire changel\n-00010340: 6f67 206d 7573 7420 6265 2065 6e63 6f64 og must be encod\n-00010350: 6564 2069 6e20 5554 462d 382e 0a0a 466f ed in UTF-8...Fo\n-00010360: 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 r more informati\n-00010370: 6f6e 206f 6e20 706c 6163 656d 656e 7420 on on placement \n-00010380: 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 of the changelog\n-00010390: 2066 696c 6573 2077 6974 6869 6e20 6269 files within bi\n-000103a0: 6e61 7279 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2070 nary.packages, p\n-000103b0: 6c65 6173 6520 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 lease see *note \n-000103c0: 4368 616e 6765 6c6f 6720 6669 6c65 7320 Changelog files \n-000103d0: 616e 6420 7265 6c65 6173 6520 6e6f 7465 and release note\n-000103e0: 733a 2035 622e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d s: 5b... -----\n-000103f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n-00010400: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n-00010410: 3129 204d 6973 7461 6b65 7320 696e 2063 1) Mistakes in c\n-00010420: 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 7320 6172 6520 7573 hangelogs are us\n-00010430: 7561 6c6c 7920 6265 7374 2072 6563 7469 ually best recti\n-00010440: 6669 6564 2062 7920 6d61 6b69 6e67 2061 fied by making a\n-00010450: 206e 6577 0a63 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 2065 new.changelog e\n-00010460: 6e74 7279 2072 6174 6865 7220 7468 616e ntry rather than\n-00010470: 20e2 809c 7265 7772 6974 696e 6720 6869 ...rewriting hi\n-00010480: 7374 6f72 79e2 809d 2062 7920 6564 6974 story... by edit\n-00010490: 696e 6720 6f6c 6420 6368 616e 6765 6c6f ing old changelo\n-000104a0: 670a 656e 7472 6965 732e 0a0a 2020 2028 g.entries... (\n-000104b0: 3229 2041 6c74 686f 7567 6820 7468 6572 2) Although ther\n-000104c0: 6520 6973 206e 6f74 6869 6e67 2073 746f e is nothing sto\n-000104d0: 7070 696e 6720 616e 2061 7574 686f 7220 pping an author \n-000104e0: 7768 6f20 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 7468 650a who is also the.\n-000104f0: 4465 6269 616e 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 Debian maintaine\n-00010500: 7220 6672 6f6d 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6869 r from using thi\n-00010510: 7320 6368 616e 6765 6c6f 6720 666f 7220 s changelog for \n-00010520: 616c 6c20 7468 6569 7220 6368 616e 6765 all their change\n-00010530: 732c 2069 740a 7769 6c6c 2068 6176 6520 s, it.will have \n-00010540: 746f 2062 6520 7265 6e61 6d65 6420 6966 to be renamed if\n-00010550: 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 616e 6420 the Debian and \n-00010560: 7570 7374 7265 616d 206d 6169 6e74 6169 upstream maintai\n-00010570: 6e65 7273 2062 6563 6f6d 650a 6469 6666 ners become.diff\n-00010580: 6572 656e 7420 7065 6f70 6c65 2e20 2049 erent people. I\n-00010590: 6e20 7375 6368 2061 2063 6173 652c 2068 n such a case, h\n-000105a0: 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 6974 206d 6967 6874 owever, it might\n-000105b0: 2062 6520 6265 7474 6572 2074 6f0a 6d61 be better to.ma\n-000105c0: 696e 7461 696e 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 intain the packa\n-000105d0: 6765 2061 7320 6120 6e6f 6e2d 6e61 7469 ge as a non-nati\n-000105e0: 7665 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a 0a20 2020 ve package... \n-000105f0: 2833 2920 546f 2062 6520 7072 6563 6973 (3) To be precis\n-00010600: 652c 2074 6865 2073 7472 696e 6720 7368 e, the string sh\n-00010610: 6f75 6c64 206d 6174 6368 2074 6865 2066 ould match the f\n-00010620: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2050 6572 6c20 7265 ollowing Perl re\n-00010630: 6775 6c61 720a 6578 7072 6573 7369 6f6e gular.expression\n-00010640: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2f63 6c6f 7365 733a :.. /closes:\n-00010650: 5c73 2a28 3f3a 6275 6729 3f5c 233f 5c73 \\s*(?:bug)?\\#?\\s\n-00010660: 3f5c 642b 283f 3a2c 5c73 2a28 3f3a 6275 ?\\d+(?:,\\s*(?:bu\n-00010670: 6729 3f5c 233f 5c73 3f5c 642b 292a 2f69 g)?\\#?\\s?\\d+)*/i\n-00010680: 0a0a 5468 6174 2069 733a 2054 6865 2073 ..That is: The s\n-00010690: 7472 696e 6720 7368 6f75 6c64 2063 6f6e tring should con\n-000106a0: 7369 7374 206f 6620 7468 6520 776f 7264 sist of the word\n-000106b0: 20e2 8098 636c 6f73 6573 3ae2 8099 2066 ...closes:... f\n-000106c0: 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 2061 0a63 6f6d ollowed by a.com\n-000106d0: 6d61 2d73 6570 6172 6174 6564 206c 6973 ma-separated lis\n-000106e0: 7420 6f66 2062 7567 206e 756d 6265 7273 t of bug numbers\n-000106f0: 2e20 2042 7567 206e 756d 6265 7273 206d . 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(5) T\n-00010aa0: 6869 7320 6973 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 his is the same \n-00010ab0: 6173 2074 6865 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6765 as the format ge\n-00010ac0: 6e65 7261 7465 6420 6279 20e2 8098 6461 nerated by ...da\n-00010ad0: 7465 202d 52e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c te -R........Fil\n-00010ae0: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n-00010af0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f .info, Node: Co\n-00010b00: 7079 7269 6768 7420 6465 6269 616e 2f63 pyright debian/c\n-00010b10: 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2c20 204e 6578 743a opyright, Next:\n-00010b20: 2045 7272 6f72 2074 7261 7070 696e 6720 Error trapping \n-00010b30: 696e 206d 616b 6566 696c 6573 2c20 2050 in makefiles, P\n-00010b40: 7265 763a 2044 6562 6961 6e20 6368 616e rev: Debian chan\n-00010b50: 6765 6c6f 6720 6465 6269 616e 2f63 6861 gelog debian/cha\n-00010b60: 6e67 656c 6f67 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 ngelog, Up: Sou\n-00010b70: 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 332e rce packages..3.\n-00010b80: 3520 436f 7079 7269 6768 743a 20e2 8098 5 Copyright: ...\n-00010b90: 6465 6269 616e 2f63 6f70 7972 6967 6874 debian/copyright\n-00010ba0: e280 990a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ....============\n-00010bb0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00010bc0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a45 7665 7279 2070 6163 =====..Every pac\n-00010bd0: 6b61 6765 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 6363 kage must be acc\n-00010be0: 6f6d 7061 6e69 6564 2062 7920 6120 7665 ompanied by a ve\n-00010bf0: 7262 6174 696d 2063 6f70 7920 6f66 2069 rbatim copy of i\n-00010c00: 7473 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e0a ts distribution.\n-00010c10: 6c69 6365 6e73 6528 7329 2069 6e20 7468 license(s) in th\n-00010c20: 6520 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 e file .../usr/s\n-00010c30: 6861 7265 2f64 6f63 2f50 4143 4b41 4745 hare/doc/PACKAGE\n-00010c40: 2f63 6f70 7972 6967 6874 e280 992e 0a0a /copyright......\n-00010c50: 5468 6973 2066 696c 6520 6973 206f 6674 This file is oft\n-00010c60: 656e 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 746f 2063 en required to c\n-00010c70: 6f6e 7461 696e 2061 2076 6572 6261 7469 ontain a verbati\n-00010c80: 6d20 636f 7079 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 m copy of the pa\n-00010c90: 636b 6167 65e2 8099 730a 636f 7079 7269 ckage...s.copyri\n-00010ca0: 6768 7420 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2c ght information,\n-00010cb0: 2074 6f6f 3b20 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 too; see *note \n-00010cc0: 436f 7079 7269 6768 7420 696e 666f 726d Copyright inform\n-00010cd0: 6174 696f 6e3a 2035 652e 2061 6e64 0a73 ation: 5e. and.s\n-00010ce0: 2d70 6b67 636f 7079 7269 6768 7420 666f -pkgcopyright fo\n-00010cf0: 7220 6465 7461 696c 732c 2061 6e64 2066 r details, and f\n-00010d00: 6f72 2066 7572 7468 6572 2063 6f6e 7369 or further consi\n-00010d10: 6465 7261 7469 6f6e 7320 7265 6c61 7465 derations relate\n-00010d20: 6420 746f 0a63 6f70 7972 6967 6874 7320 d to.copyrights \n-00010d30: 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e0a 0a1f for packages....\n-00010d40: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n-00010d50: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n-00010d60: 3a20 4572 726f 7220 7472 6170 7069 6e67 : Error trapping\n-00010d70: 2069 6e20 6d61 6b65 6669 6c65 732c 2020 in makefiles, \n-00010d80: 4e65 7874 3a20 5469 6d65 2053 7461 6d70 Next: Time Stamp\n-00010d90: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 436f 7079 7269 s, Prev: Copyri\n-00010da0: 6768 7420 6465 6269 616e 2f63 6f70 7972 ght debian/copyr\n-00010db0: 6967 6874 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 7263 ight, Up: Sourc\n-00010dc0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 332e 3620 e packages..3.6 \n-00010dd0: 4572 726f 7220 7472 6170 7069 6e67 2069 Error trapping i\n-00010de0: 6e20 6d61 6b65 6669 6c65 730a 3d3d 3d3d n makefiles.====\n-00010df0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00010e00: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a57 6865 ===========..Whe\n-00010e10: 6e20 e280 986d 616b 65e2 8099 2069 6e76 n ...make... inv\n-00010e20: 6f6b 6573 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 okes a command i\n-00010e30: 6e20 6120 6d61 6b65 6669 6c65 2028 696e n a makefile (in\n-00010e40: 636c 7564 696e 6720 796f 7572 2070 6163 cluding your pac\n-00010e50: 6b61 6765 e280 9973 0a75 7073 7472 6561 kage...s.upstrea\n-00010e60: 6d20 6d61 6b65 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 m makefiles and \n-00010e70: e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 ...debian/rules.\n-00010e80: 8099 292c 2069 7420 646f 6573 2073 6f20 ..), it does so \n-00010e90: 7573 696e 6720 e280 9873 68e2 8099 2e20 using ...sh.... \n-00010ea0: 2054 6869 730a 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 This.means that\n-00010eb0: 20e2 8098 7368 e280 99e2 8099 7320 7573 ...sh......s us\n-00010ec0: 7561 6c20 6261 6420 6572 726f 7220 6861 ual bad error ha\n-00010ed0: 6e64 6c69 6e67 2070 726f 7065 7274 6965 ndling propertie\n-00010ee0: 7320 6170 706c 793a 2069 6620 796f 750a s apply: if you.\n-00010ef0: 696e 636c 7564 6520 6120 6d69 6e69 6174 include a miniat\n-00010f00: 7572 6520 7363 7269 7074 2061 7320 6f6e ure script as on\n-00010f10: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 e of the command\n-00010f20: 7320 696e 2079 6f75 7220 6d61 6b65 6669 s in your makefi\n-00010f30: 6c65 0a79 6f75 e280 996c 6c20 6669 6e64 le.you...ll find\n-00010f40: 2074 6861 7420 6966 2079 6f75 2064 6f6e that if you don\n-00010f50: e280 9974 2064 6f20 616e 7974 6869 6e67 ...t do anything\n-00010f60: 2061 626f 7574 2069 7420 7468 656e 2065 about it then e\n-00010f70: 7272 6f72 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 740a 6465 rrors are not.de\n-00010f80: 7465 6374 6564 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6d61 tected and ...ma\n-00010f90: 6b65 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2062 6c69 7468 ke... will blith\n-00010fa0: 656c 7920 636f 6e74 696e 7565 2061 6674 ely continue aft\n-00010fb0: 6572 2070 726f 626c 656d 732e 0a0a 4576 er problems...Ev\n-00010fc0: 6572 7920 7469 6d65 2079 6f75 2070 7574 ery time you put\n-00010fd0: 206d 6f72 6520 7468 616e 206f 6e65 2073 more than one s\n-00010fe0: 6865 6c6c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 7468 hell command (th\n-00010ff0: 6973 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 7320 7573 696e is includes usin\n-00011000: 6720 610a 6c6f 6f70 2920 696e 2061 206d g a.loop) in a m\n-00011010: 616b 6566 696c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 akefile command \n-00011020: 796f 7520 6d75 7374 206d 616b 6520 7375 you must make su\n-00011030: 7265 2074 6861 7420 6572 726f 7273 2061 re that errors a\n-00011040: 7265 2074 7261 7070 6564 2e0a 466f 7220 re trapped..For \n-00011050: 7369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6d 706f 756e 6420 simple compound \n-00011060: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 7375 6368 2061 commands, such a\n-00011070: 7320 6368 616e 6769 6e67 2064 6972 6563 s changing direc\n-00011080: 746f 7279 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6e0a 7275 tory and then.ru\n-00011090: 6e6e 696e 6720 6120 7072 6f67 7261 6d2c nning a program,\n-000110a0: 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 2626 e280 9920 using ...&&... \n-000110b0: 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7365 6d69 rather than semi\n-000110c0: 636f 6c6f 6e20 6173 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 colon as a comma\n-000110d0: 6e64 0a73 6570 6172 6174 6f72 2069 7320 nd.separator is \n-000110e0: 7375 6666 6963 6965 6e74 2e20 2046 6f72 sufficient. For\n-000110f0: 206d 6f72 6520 636f 6d70 6c65 7820 636f more complex co\n-00011100: 6d6d 616e 6473 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 mmands including\n-00011110: 206d 6f73 7420 6c6f 6f70 730a 616e 6420 most loops.and \n-00011120: 636f 6e64 6974 696f 6e61 6c73 2079 6f75 conditionals you\n-00011130: 2073 686f 756c 6420 696e 636c 7564 6520 should include \n-00011140: 6120 7365 7061 7261 7465 20e2 8098 7365 a separate ...se\n-00011150: 7420 2d65 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 t -e... command \n-00011160: 6174 2074 6865 0a73 7461 7274 206f 6620 at the.start of \n-00011170: 6576 6572 7920 6d61 6b65 6669 6c65 2063 every makefile c\n-00011180: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2074 6861 74e2 8099 7320 ommand that...s \n-00011190: 6163 7475 616c 6c79 206f 6e65 206f 6620 actually one of \n-000111a0: 7468 6573 6520 6d69 6e69 6174 7572 650a these miniature.\n-000111b0: 7368 656c 6c20 7363 7269 7074 732e 0a0a shell scripts...\n-000111c0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n-000111d0: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n-000111e0: 653a 2054 696d 6520 5374 616d 7073 2c20 e: Time Stamps, \n-000111f0: 204e 6578 743a 2052 6573 7472 6963 7469 Next: Restricti\n-00011200: 6f6e 7320 6f6e 206f 626a 6563 7473 2069 ons on objects i\n-00011210: 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 n source package\n-00011220: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4572 726f 7220 s, Prev: Error \n-00011230: 7472 6170 7069 6e67 2069 6e20 6d61 6b65 trapping in make\n-00011240: 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5570 3a20 536f 7572 files, Up: Sour\n-00011250: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a33 2e37 ce packages..3.7\n-00011260: 2054 696d 6520 5374 616d 7073 0a3d 3d3d Time Stamps.===\n-00011270: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4d61 ============..Ma\n-00011280: 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 intainers should\n-00011290: 2070 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 6520 6d6f preserve the mo\n-000112a0: 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2074 696d 6573 dification times\n-000112b0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7570 7374 7265 616d of the upstream\n-000112c0: 0a73 6f75 7263 6520 6669 6c65 7320 696e .source files in\n-000112d0: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 6173 2066 a package, as f\n-000112e0: 6172 2061 7320 6973 2072 6561 736f 6e61 ar as is reasona\n-000112f0: 626c 7920 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2e20 2028 bly possible. (\n-00011300: 3129 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 1).. ---------\n-00011310: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n-00011320: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 ------.. (1) T\n-00011330: 6865 2072 6174 696f 6e61 6c65 2069 7320 he rationale is \n-00011340: 7468 6174 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 736f that there is so\n-00011350: 6d65 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2063 me information c\n-00011360: 6f6e 7665 7965 6420 6279 0a6b 6e6f 7769 onveyed by.knowi\n-00011370: 6e67 2074 6865 2061 6765 206f 6620 7468 ng the age of th\n-00011380: 6520 6669 6c65 2c20 666f 7220 6578 616d e file, for exam\n-00011390: 706c 652c 2079 6f75 2063 6f75 6c64 2072 ple, you could r\n-000113a0: 6563 6f67 6e69 7a65 2074 6861 7420 736f ecognize that so\n-000113b0: 6d65 0a64 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e me.documentation\n-000113c0: 2069 7320 7665 7279 206f 6c64 2062 7920 is very old by \n-000113d0: 6c6f 6f6b 696e 6720 6174 2074 6865 206d looking at the m\n-000113e0: 6f64 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7469 6d65 odification time\n-000113f0: 2c20 736f 2069 740a 776f 756c 6420 6265 , so it.would be\n-00011400: 206e 6963 6520 6966 2074 6865 206d 6f64 nice if the mod\n-00011410: 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7469 6d65 206f ification time o\n-00011420: 6620 7468 6520 7570 7374 7265 616d 2073 f the upstream s\n-00011430: 6f75 7263 6520 776f 756c 6420 6265 0a70 ource would be.p\n-00011440: 7265 7365 7276 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c reserved.....Fil\n-00011450: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n-00011460: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5265 .info, Node: Re\n-00011470: 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e73 206f 6e20 6f62 strictions on ob\n-00011480: 6a65 6374 7320 696e 2073 6f75 7263 6520 jects in source \n-00011490: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a packages, Next:\n-000114a0: 204d 6169 6e20 6275 696c 6469 6e67 2073 Main building s\n-000114b0: 6372 6970 7420 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c cript debian/rul\n-000114c0: 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2054 696d 6520 es, Prev: Time \n-000114d0: 5374 616d 7073 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 Stamps, Up: Sou\n-000114e0: 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 332e rce packages..3.\n-000114f0: 3820 5265 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e73 206f 8 Restrictions o\n-00011500: 6e20 6f62 6a65 6374 7320 696e 2073 6f75 n objects in sou\n-00011510: 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a3d 3d3d rce packages.===\n-00011520: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00011530: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00011540: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 ===========..The\n-00011550: 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 source package \n-00011560: 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e 7461 696e must not contain\n-00011570: 2064 6576 6963 6520 7370 6563 6961 6c20 device special \n-00011580: 6669 6c65 732c 2073 6f63 6b65 7473 2c20 files, sockets, \n-00011590: 6f72 0a73 6574 7569 6420 6f72 2073 6574 or.setuid or set\n-000115a0: 6769 6420 6669 6c65 732e 2020 2831 290a gid files. (1).\n-000115b0: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n-000115c0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n-000115d0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 5365 7467 ---.. (1) Setg\n-000115e0: 6964 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 2061 id directories a\n-000115f0: 7265 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 re allowed.....F\n-00011600: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-00011610: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-00011620: 4d61 696e 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7363 Main building sc\n-00011630: 7269 7074 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 ript debian/rule\n-00011640: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5661 7269 6162 s, Next: Variab\n-00011650: 6c65 2073 7562 7374 6974 7574 696f 6e73 le substitutions\n-00011660: 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 7375 6273 7476 6172 debian/substvar\n-00011670: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5265 7374 7269 s, Prev: Restri\n-00011680: 6374 696f 6e73 206f 6e20 6f62 6a65 6374 ctions on object\n-00011690: 7320 696e 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b s in source pack\n-000116a0: 6167 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 7263 ages, Up: Sourc\n-000116b0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 332e 3920 e packages..3.9 \n-000116c0: 4d61 696e 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7363 Main building sc\n-000116d0: 7269 7074 3a20 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f ript: ...debian/\n-000116e0: 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d rules....=======\n-000116f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00011700: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00011710: 3d0a 0a54 6869 7320 6669 6c65 206d 7573 =..This file mus\n-00011720: 7420 6265 2061 6e20 6578 6563 7574 6162 t be an executab\n-00011730: 6c65 206d 616b 6566 696c 652e 2020 4974 le makefile. It\n-00011740: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7468 650a 7061 contains the.pa\n-00011750: 636b 6167 652d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2072 ckage-specific r\n-00011760: 6563 6970 6573 2066 6f72 2063 6f6d 7069 ecipes for compi\n-00011770: 6c69 6e67 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 ling the source \n-00011780: 2869 6620 7265 7175 6972 6564 2920 616e (if required) an\n-00011790: 640a 636f 6e73 7472 7563 7469 6e67 206f d.constructing o\n-000117a0: 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 2062 696e 6172 ne or more binar\n-000117b0: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e0a 0ae2 8098 y packages......\n-000117c0: 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 e280 9920 debian/rules... \n-000117d0: 6d75 7374 2073 7461 7274 2077 6974 6820 must start with \n-000117e0: 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 20e2 8098 2321 2f75 the line ...#!/u\n-000117f0: 7372 2f62 696e 2f6d 616b 6520 2d66 e280 sr/bin/make -f..\n-00011800: 992c 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2069 740a 6361 ., so that it.ca\n-00011810: 6e20 6265 2069 6e76 6f6b 6564 2062 7920 n be invoked by \n-00011820: 7361 7969 6e67 2069 7473 206e 616d 6520 saying its name \n-00011830: 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 696e 766f rather than invo\n-00011840: 6b69 6e67 20e2 8098 6d61 6b65 e280 990a king ...make....\n-00011850: 6578 706c 6963 6974 6c79 2e20 2054 6861 explicitly. Tha\n-00011860: 7420 6973 2c20 696e 766f 6b69 6e67 2065 t is, invoking e\n-00011870: 6974 6865 7220 6f66 20e2 8098 6d61 6b65 ither of ...make\n-00011880: 202d 6620 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 -f debian/rules\n-00011890: 2061 7267 732e 2e2e e280 990a 6f72 20e2 args.......or .\n-000118a0: 8098 2e2f 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 .../debian/rules\n-000118b0: 2061 7267 732e 2e2e e280 9920 6d75 7374 args...... must\n-000118c0: 2072 6573 756c 7420 696e 2069 6465 6e74 result in ident\n-000118d0: 6963 616c 2062 6568 6176 696f 722e 0a0a ical behavior...\n-000118e0: 5468 6520 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 The recommended \n-000118f0: 7761 7920 746f 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 way to implement\n-00011900: 2074 6865 2062 7569 6c64 2070 726f 6365 the build proce\n-00011910: 7373 206f 6620 6120 4465 6269 616e 2070 ss of a Debian p\n-00011920: 6163 6b61 6765 2c0a 696e 2074 6865 2061 ackage,.in the a\n-00011930: 6273 656e 6365 206f 6620 6120 676f 6f64 bsence of a good\n-00011940: 2072 6561 736f 6e20 746f 2075 7365 2061 reason to use a\n-00011950: 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2061 7070 726f different appro\n-00011960: 6163 682c 2069 7320 7468 6520 e280 9864 ach, is the ...d\n-00011970: 68e2 8099 0a74 6f6f 6c2e 2020 5468 6973 h....tool. This\n-00011980: 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 7320 7468 6520 636f includes the co\n-00011990: 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 7468 6520 e280 ntents of the ..\n-000119a0: 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 .debian/rules...\n-000119b0: 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7363 7269 7074 building script\n-000119c0: 2e0a e280 9864 68e2 8099 2069 7320 7468 .....dh... is th\n-000119d0: 6520 6d6f 7374 2063 6f6d 6d6f 6e20 7061 e most common pa\n-000119e0: 636b 6167 696e 6720 6865 6c70 6572 2074 ckaging helper t\n-000119f0: 6f6f 6c20 696e 2044 6562 6961 6e2e 2020 ool in Debian. \n-00011a00: 5573 696e 6720 6974 2077 696c 6c0a 7573 Using it will.us\n-00011a10: 7561 6c6c 7920 7361 7665 2065 6666 6f72 ually save effor\n-00011a20: 7420 696e 2063 6f6d 706c 7969 6e67 2077 t in complying w\n-00011a30: 6974 6820 7468 6520 7275 6c65 7320 696e ith the rules in\n-00011a40: 2074 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2c0a this document,.\n-00011a50: 6265 6361 7573 6520 e280 9864 68e2 8099 because ...dh...\n-00011a60: 2077 696c 6c20 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 will automatica\n-00011a70: 6c6c 7920 696d 706c 656d 656e 7420 6d61 lly implement ma\n-00011a80: 6e79 206f 6620 7468 656d 2077 6974 686f ny of them witho\n-00011a90: 7574 2072 6571 7569 7269 6e67 0a65 7870 ut requiring.exp\n-00011aa0: 6c69 6369 7420 696e 7374 7275 6374 696f licit instructio\n-00011ab0: 6e73 2e0a 0a54 6865 7265 2061 7265 2073 ns...There are s\n-00011ac0: 6f6d 6574 696d 6573 2067 6f6f 6420 7265 ometimes good re\n-00011ad0: 6173 6f6e 7320 746f 2075 7365 2061 2064 asons to use a d\n-00011ae0: 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2061 7070 726f 6163 ifferent approac\n-00011af0: 682e 2020 466f 720a 6578 616d 706c 652c h. For.example,\n-00011b00: 2074 6865 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 746f the standard to\n-00011b10: 6f6c 7320 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 696e ols for packagin\n-00011b20: 6720 736f 6674 7761 7265 2077 7269 7474 g software writt\n-00011b30: 656e 2069 6e20 736f 6d65 0a6c 616e 6775 en in some.langu\n-00011b40: 6167 6573 206d 6179 2075 7365 2061 6e6f ages may use ano\n-00011b50: 7468 6572 2074 6f6f 6c3b 2073 6f6d 6520 ther tool; some \n-00011b60: 7261 7265 7220 7061 636b 6167 696e 6720 rarer packaging \n-00011b70: 7061 7474 6572 6e73 2c20 7375 6368 2061 patterns, such a\n-00011b80: 730a 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2062 7569 6c64 s.multiple build\n-00011b90: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 736f s of the same so\n-00011ba0: 6674 7761 7265 2077 6974 6820 6469 6666 ftware with diff\n-00011bb0: 6572 656e 7420 6f70 7469 6f6e 732c 2061 erent options, a\n-00011bc0: 7265 2065 6173 6965 720a 746f 2065 7870 re easier.to exp\n-00011bd0: 7265 7373 2077 6974 6820 6f74 6865 7220 ress with other \n-00011be0: 746f 6f6c 733b 2061 6e64 2061 2070 6163 tools; and a pac\n-00011bf0: 6b61 6765 7220 776f 726b 696e 6720 6f6e kager working on\n-00011c00: 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 0a70 6163 a different.pac\n-00011c10: 6b61 6769 6e67 2068 656c 7065 7220 6d69 kaging helper mi\n-00011c20: 6768 7420 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 7573 6520 ght want to use \n-00011c30: 7468 6569 7220 746f 6f6c 2e20 2054 6865 their tool. The\n-00011c40: 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6174 696f 6e20 recommendation \n-00011c50: 746f 0a75 7365 20e2 8098 6468 e280 9920 to.use ...dh... \n-00011c60: 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2061 6c77 6179 7320 does not always \n-00011c70: 6170 706c 792c 2061 6e64 2075 7365 206f apply, and use o\n-00011c80: 6620 e280 9864 68e2 8099 2069 7320 6e6f f ...dh... is no\n-00011c90: 7420 7265 7175 6972 6564 2e0a 0a46 6f72 t required...For\n-00011ca0: 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f more informatio\n-00011cb0: 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 686f 7720 746f 2075 n about how to u\n-00011cc0: 7365 20e2 8098 6468 e280 992c 2073 6565 se ...dh..., see\n-00011cd0: 2074 6865 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 the documentati\n-00011ce0: 6f6e 2069 6e20 7468 650a 6465 6268 656c on in the.debhel\n-00011cf0: 7065 7220 7061 636b 6167 652c 206d 6f73 per package, mos\n-00011d00: 7420 6e6f 7461 626c 7920 7468 6520 e280 t notably the ..\n-00011d10: 9864 6828 3129 e280 9920 6d61 6e75 616c .dh(1)... manual\n-00011d20: 2070 6167 652e 0a0a 5468 6520 666f 6c6c page...The foll\n-00011d30: 6f77 696e 6720 7461 7267 6574 7320 6172 owing targets ar\n-00011d40: 6520 7265 7175 6972 6564 2061 6e64 206d e required and m\n-00011d50: 7573 7420 6265 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 ust be implement\n-00011d60: 6564 2062 790a e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f ed by....debian/\n-00011d70: 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 3a20 e280 9863 6c65 rules...: ...cle\n-00011d80: 616e e280 992c 20e2 8098 6269 6e61 7279 an..., ...binary\n-00011d90: e280 992c 20e2 8098 6269 6e61 7279 2d61 ..., ...binary-a\n-00011da0: 7263 68e2 8099 2c20 e280 9862 696e 6172 rch..., ...binar\n-00011db0: 792d 696e 6465 70e2 8099 2c0a e280 9862 y-indep...,....b\n-00011dc0: 7569 6c64 e280 992c 20e2 8098 6275 696c uild..., ...buil\n-00011dd0: 642d 6172 6368 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 d-arch... and ..\n-00011de0: 9862 7569 6c64 2d69 6e64 6570 e280 992e .build-indep....\n-00011df0: 2020 5468 6573 6520 6172 6520 7468 6520 These are the \n-00011e00: 7461 7267 6574 7320 6361 6c6c 6564 0a62 targets called.b\n-00011e10: 7920 e280 9864 706b 672d 6275 696c 6470 y ...dpkg-buildp\n-00011e20: 6163 6b61 6765 e280 992e 0a0a 5369 6e63 ackage......Sinc\n-00011e30: 6520 616e 2069 6e74 6572 6163 7469 7665 e an interactive\n-00011e40: 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 ...debian/rules\n-00011e50: e280 9920 7363 7269 7074 206d 616b 6573 ... script makes\n-00011e60: 2069 7420 696d 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2074 it impossible t\n-00011e70: 6f0a 6175 746f 2d63 6f6d 7069 6c65 2074 o.auto-compile t\n-00011e80: 6861 7420 7061 636b 6167 6520 616e 6420 hat package and \n-00011e90: 616c 736f 206d 616b 6573 2069 7420 6861 also makes it ha\n-00011ea0: 7264 2066 6f72 206f 7468 6572 2070 656f rd for other peo\n-00011eb0: 706c 6520 746f 0a72 6570 726f 6475 6365 ple to.reproduce\n-00011ec0: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6269 6e61 7279 the same binary\n-00011ed0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 616c 6c20 7265 package, all re\n-00011ee0: 7175 6972 6564 2074 6172 6765 7473 206d quired targets m\n-00011ef0: 7573 7420 6265 0a6e 6f6e 2d69 6e74 6572 ust be.non-inter\n-00011f00: 6163 7469 7665 2e20 2049 7420 616c 736f active. 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(see\n-00011ff0: 202a 6e6f 7465 0a64 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 *note.debian/ru\n-00012000: 6c65 7320 616e 6420 4445 425f 4255 494c les and DEB_BUIL\n-00012010: 445f 4f50 5449 4f4e 533a 2036 372e 292e D_OPTIONS: 67.).\n-00012020: 2020 5468 6973 206d 616b 6573 206c 6966 This makes lif\n-00012030: 6520 6561 7369 6572 2066 6f72 0a70 6f72 e easier for.por\n-00012040: 7465 7273 2061 6e64 2062 7567 2073 7175 ters and bug squ\n-00012050: 6173 6865 7273 206d 6f72 6520 6765 6e65 ashers more gene\n-00012060: 7261 6c6c 792c 2077 686f 2063 616e 206c rally, who can l\n-00012070: 6f6f 6b20 6174 2062 7569 6c64 206c 6f67 ook at build log\n-00012080: 7320 666f 720a 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2070 s for.possible p\n-00012090: 726f 626c 656d 732e 2020 546f 2061 6363 roblems. To acc\n-000120a0: 6f6d 706c 6973 6820 7468 6973 2c20 e280 omplish this, ..\n-000120b0: 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 .debian/rules...\n-000120c0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 7061 7373 2074 6f0a should pass to.\n-000120d0: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2069 7420 the commands it \n-000120e0: 696e 766f 6b65 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 invokes options \n-000120f0: 7468 6174 2063 6175 7365 2074 6865 6d20 that cause them \n-00012100: 746f 2070 726f 6475 6365 2076 6572 626f to produce verbo\n-00012110: 7365 0a6f 7574 7075 742e 2020 466f 7220 se.output. For \n-00012120: 6578 616d 706c 652c 2074 6865 2062 7569 example, the bui\n-00012130: 6c64 2074 6172 6765 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 ld target should\n-00012140: 2070 6173 730a e280 982d 2d64 6973 6162 pass....--disab\n-00012150: 6c65 2d73 696c 656e 742d 7275 6c65 73e2 le-silent-rules.\n-00012160: 8099 2074 6f20 616e 7920 636f 6e66 6967 .. to any config\n-00012170: 7572 6520 7363 7269 7074 732e 2020 5365 ure scripts. Se\n-00012180: 6520 616c 736f 202a 6e6f 7465 0a42 696e e also *note.Bin\n-00012190: 6172 6965 733a 2036 382e 0a0a 4578 6365 aries: 68...Exce\n-000121a0: 7074 2066 6f72 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 pt for packages \n-000121b0: 696e 2074 6865 206e 6f6e 2d66 7265 6520 in the non-free \n-000121c0: 6172 6368 6976 6520 7769 7468 2074 6865 archive with the\n-000121d0: 20e2 8098 4175 746f 6275 696c 64e2 8099 ...Autobuild...\n-000121e0: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 0a66 6965 6c64 2075 control.field u\n-000121f0: 6e73 6574 206f 7220 7365 7420 746f 20e2 nset or set to .\n-00012200: 8098 6e6f e280 992c 2072 6571 7569 7265 ..no..., require\n-00012210: 6420 7461 7267 6574 7320 6d75 7374 206e d targets must n\n-00012220: 6f74 2061 7474 656d 7074 206e 6574 776f ot attempt netwo\n-00012230: 726b 0a61 6363 6573 732c 2065 7863 6570 rk.access, excep\n-00012240: 742c 2076 6961 2074 6865 206c 6f6f 7062 t, via the loopb\n-00012250: 6163 6b20 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c 2074 ack interface, t\n-00012260: 6f20 7365 7276 6963 6573 206f 6e20 7468 o services on th\n-00012270: 6520 6275 696c 640a 686f 7374 2074 6861 e build.host tha\n-00012280: 7420 6861 7665 2062 6565 6e20 7374 6172 t have been star\n-00012290: 7465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2062 7569 6c64 ted by the build\n-000122a0: 2e0a 0a52 6571 7569 7265 6420 7461 7267 ...Required targ\n-000122b0: 6574 7320 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2061 7474 ets must not att\n-000122c0: 656d 7074 2074 6f20 7772 6974 6520 6f75 empt to write ou\n-000122d0: 7473 6964 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2075 6e70 tside of the unp\n-000122e0: 6163 6b65 640a 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 acked.source pac\n-000122f0: 6b61 6765 2074 7265 652e 2020 5468 6572 kage tree. Ther\n-00012300: 6520 6172 6520 7477 6f20 6578 6365 7074 e are two except\n-00012310: 696f 6e73 2e20 2046 6972 7374 6c79 2c20 ions. Firstly, \n-00012320: 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 0a74 6172 6765 the binary.targe\n-00012330: 7473 206d 6179 2077 7269 7465 2074 6865 ts may write the\n-00012340: 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 binary packages\n-00012350: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7061 7265 6e74 2064 to the parent d\n-00012360: 6972 6563 746f 7279 206f 6620 7468 650a irectory of the.\n-00012370: 756e 7061 636b 6564 2073 6f75 7263 6520 unpacked source \n-00012380: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7472 6565 2e20 2053 package tree. S\n-00012390: 6563 6f6e 646c 792c 2072 6571 7569 7265 econdly, require\n-000123a0: 6420 7461 7267 6574 7320 6d61 7920 7772 d targets may wr\n-000123b0: 6974 6520 746f 0ae2 8098 2f74 6d70 e280 ite to..../tmp..\n-000123c0: 992c 20e2 8098 2f76 6172 2f74 6d70 e280 ., .../var/tmp..\n-000123d0: 9920 616e 6420 746f 2074 6865 2064 6972 . and to the dir\n-000123e0: 6563 746f 7279 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 ectory specified\n-000123f0: 2062 7920 7468 6520 e280 9854 4d50 4449 by the ...TMPDI\n-00012400: 52e2 8099 0a65 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 R....environment\n-00012410: 2076 6172 6961 626c 652c 2062 7574 206d variable, but m\n-00012420: 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 6465 7065 6e64 206f ust not depend o\n-00012430: 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f n the contents o\n-00012440: 6620 616e 7920 6f66 0a74 6865 7365 2e0a f any of.these..\n-00012450: 0a54 6869 7320 7265 7374 7269 6374 696f .This restrictio\n-00012460: 6e20 6973 2069 6e74 656e 6465 6420 746f n is intended to\n-00012470: 2070 7265 7665 6e74 2073 6f75 7263 6520 prevent source \n-00012480: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6275 696c 6473 2063 package builds c\n-00012490: 7265 6174 696e 670a 616e 6420 6465 7065 reating.and depe\n-000124a0: 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 2073 7461 7465 206f nding on state o\n-000124b0: 7574 7369 6465 206f 6620 7468 656d 7365 utside of themse\n-000124c0: 6c76 6573 2c20 7468 7573 2061 6666 6563 lves, thus affec\n-000124d0: 7469 6e67 206d 756c 7469 706c 650a 696e ting multiple.in\n-000124e0: 6465 7065 6e64 656e 7420 7265 6275 696c dependent rebuil\n-000124f0: 6473 2e20 2049 6e20 7061 7274 6963 756c ds. 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INSTALL \n-000157d0: 3d20 696e 7374 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 2049 = install. I\n-000157e0: 4e53 5441 4c4c 5f46 494c 4520 2020 203d NSTALL_FILE =\n-000157f0: 2024 2849 4e53 5441 4c4c 2920 2d70 2020 $(INSTALL) -p \n-00015800: 2020 2d6f 2072 6f6f 7420 2d67 2072 6f6f -o root -g roo\n-00015810: 7420 202d 6d20 2036 3434 0a20 2020 2020 t -m 644. \n-00015820: 494e 5354 414c 4c5f 5052 4f47 5241 4d20 INSTALL_PROGRAM \n-00015830: 3d20 2428 494e 5354 414c 4c29 202d 7020 = $(INSTALL) -p \n-00015840: 2020 202d 6f20 726f 6f74 202d 6720 726f -o root -g ro\n-00015850: 6f74 2020 2d6d 2020 3735 350a 2020 2020 ot -m 755. \n-00015860: 2049 4e53 5441 4c4c 5f53 4352 4950 5420 INSTALL_SCRIPT \n-00015870: 203d 2024 2849 4e53 5441 4c4c 2920 2d70 = $(INSTALL) -p\n-00015880: 2020 2020 2d6f 2072 6f6f 7420 2d67 2072 -o root -g r\n-00015890: 6f6f 7420 202d 6d20 2037 3535 0a20 2020 oot -m 755. \n-000158a0: 2020 494e 5354 414c 4c5f 4449 5220 2020 INSTALL_DIR \n-000158b0: 2020 3d20 2428 494e 5354 414c 4c29 202d = $(INSTALL) -\n-000158c0: 7020 2d64 202d 6f20 726f 6f74 202d 6720 p -d -o root -g \n-000158d0: 726f 6f74 2020 2d6d 2020 3735 350a 0a20 root -m 755.. \n-000158e0: 2020 2020 6966 6e65 7120 282c 2428 6669 ifneq (,$(fi\n-000158f0: 6c74 6572 206e 6f6f 7074 2c24 2844 4542 lter noopt,$(DEB\n-00015900: 5f42 5549 4c44 5f4f 5054 494f 4e53 2929 _BUILD_OPTIONS))\n-00015910: 290a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2043 464c 4147 ). CFLAG\n-00015920: 5320 2b3d 202d 4f30 0a20 2020 2020 656c S += -O0. el\n-00015930: 7365 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 4346 4c41 se. CFLA\n-00015940: 4753 202b 3d20 2d4f 320a 2020 2020 2065 GS += -O2. e\n-00015950: 6e64 6966 0a20 2020 2020 6966 6571 2028 ndif. ifeq (\n-00015960: 2c24 2866 696c 7465 7220 6e6f 7374 7269 ,$(filter nostri\n-00015970: 702c 2428 4445 425f 4255 494c 445f 4f50 p,$(DEB_BUILD_OP\n-00015980: 5449 4f4e 5329 2929 0a20 2020 2020 2020 TIONS))). \n-00015990: 2020 494e 5354 414c 4c5f 5052 4f47 5241 INSTALL_PROGRA\n-000159a0: 4d20 2b3d 202d 730a 2020 2020 2065 6e64 M += -s. end\n-000159b0: 6966 0a20 2020 2020 6966 6e65 7120 282c if. ifneq (,\n-000159c0: 2428 6669 6c74 6572 2070 6172 616c 6c65 $(filter paralle\n-000159d0: 6c3d 252c 2428 4445 425f 4255 494c 445f l=%,$(DEB_BUILD_\n-000159e0: 4f50 5449 4f4e 5329 2929 0a20 2020 2020 OPTIONS))). \n-000159f0: 2020 2020 4e55 4d4a 4f42 5320 3d20 2428 NUMJOBS = $(\n-00015a00: 7061 7473 7562 7374 2070 6172 616c 6c65 patsubst paralle\n-00015a10: 6c3d 252c 252c 2428 6669 6c74 6572 2070 l=%,%,$(filter p\n-00015a20: 6172 616c 6c65 6c3d 252c 2428 4445 425f arallel=%,$(DEB_\n-00015a30: 4255 494c 445f 4f50 5449 4f4e 5329 2929 BUILD_OPTIONS)))\n-00015a40: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 4d41 4b45 464c . MAKEFL\n-00015a50: 4147 5320 2b3d 202d 6a24 284e 554d 4a4f AGS += -j$(NUMJO\n-00015a60: 4253 290a 2020 2020 2065 6e64 6966 0a0a BS). endif..\n-00015a70: 2020 2020 2062 7569 6c64 3a0a 2020 2020 build:. \n-00015a80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2023 202e 2e2e 0a20 # .... \n-00015a90: 2020 2020 6966 6571 2028 2c24 2866 696c ifeq (,$(fil\n-00015aa0: 7465 7220 6e6f 6368 6563 6b2c 2428 4445 ter nocheck,$(DE\n-00015ab0: 425f 4255 494c 445f 4f50 5449 4f4e 5329 B_BUILD_OPTIONS)\n-00015ac0: 2929 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 )). \n-00015ad0: 2320 436f 6465 2074 6f20 7275 6e20 7468 # Code to run th\n-00015ae0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 7465 7374 2073 e package test s\n-00015af0: 7569 7465 2e0a 2020 2020 2065 6e64 6966 uite.. endif\n-00015b00: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n-00015b10: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n-00015b20: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2053 6f6d ----.. (1) Som\n-00015b30: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2073 7570 706f e packages suppo\n-00015b40: 7274 2061 6e79 2064 656c 696d 6974 6572 rt any delimiter\n-00015b50: 2c20 6275 7420 7768 6974 6573 7061 6365 , but whitespace\n-00015b60: 2069 7320 7468 650a 6561 7369 6573 7420 is the.easiest \n-00015b70: 746f 2070 6172 7365 2069 6e73 6964 6520 to parse inside \n-00015b80: 6120 6d61 6b65 6669 6c65 2061 6e64 2061 a makefile and a\n-00015b90: 766f 6964 7320 616d 6269 6775 6974 7920 voids ambiguity \n-00015ba0: 7769 7468 2066 6c61 6720 7661 6c75 6573 with flag values\n-00015bb0: 0a74 6861 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 636f .that contain co\n-00015bc0: 6d6d 6173 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 5061 mmas... 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The content\n-00015ef0: 7320 6f66 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 s of this variab\n-00015f00: 6c65 0a69 7320 6120 7370 6163 6520 7365 le.is a space se\n-00015f10: 7061 7261 7465 6420 6c69 7374 2c20 7468 parated list, th\n-00015f20: 6520 6669 7273 7420 656e 7472 7920 6f66 e first entry of\n-00015f30: 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 7468 6520 636f which is the co\n-00015f40: 6d6d 616e 642c 2061 6e64 0a74 6865 2070 mmand, and.the p\n-00015f50: 726f 6365 6564 696e 6720 656e 7472 6965 roceeding entrie\n-00015f60: 7320 6f66 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 2061 s of which are a\n-00015f70: 7267 756d 656e 7473 2074 6f20 7468 6520 rguments to the \n-00015f80: 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 2020 5468 6520 e280 command. The ..\n-00015f90: 9867 6169 6e0a 726f 6f74 2063 6f6d 6d61 .gain.root comma\n-00015fa0: 6e64 e280 9920 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6176 nd... must be av\n-00015fb0: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7669 6120 5041 5448 ailable via PATH\n-00015fc0: 2e20 5468 6520 e280 9867 6169 6e20 726f . The ...gain ro\n-00015fd0: 6f74 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 e280 9920 6d75 ot command... mu\n-00015fe0: 7374 0a6e 6f74 2072 656c 7920 6f6e 2073 st.not rely on s\n-00015ff0: 6865 6c6c 2066 6561 7475 7265 7320 6265 hell features be\n-00016000: 6361 7573 6520 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f cause it will no\n-00016010: 7420 6e65 6365 7373 6172 696c 7920 6265 t necessarily be\n-00016020: 2069 6e76 6f6b 6564 0a76 6961 2061 2073 invoked.via a s\n-00016030: 6865 6c6c 2e0a 0a54 6865 20e2 8098 6761 hell...The ...ga\n-00016040: 696e 2072 6f6f 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 in root command.\n-00016050: 8099 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 7275 6e20 .. must not run \n-00016060: 696e 7465 7261 6374 6976 656c 792c 2069 interactively, i\n-00016070: 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2070 726f 6d70 7469 ncluding prompti\n-00016080: 6e67 0a66 6f72 2061 6e79 2075 7365 7220 ng.for any user \n-00016090: 696e 7075 742e 2020 4974 206d 7573 7420 input. It must \n-000160a0: 6265 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 746f 2070 be possible to p\n-000160b0: 7265 7065 6e64 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6761 repend the ...ga\n-000160c0: 696e 2072 6f6f 740a 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 in root.command.\n-000160d0: 8099 2074 6f20 616e 2065 7869 7374 696e .. to an existin\n-000160e0: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 616e 6420 6974 g command and it\n-000160f0: 7320 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732c 2077 6974 s arguments, wit\n-00016100: 686f 7574 206e 6565 6469 6e67 2074 6f0a hout needing to.\n-00016110: 616c 7465 7220 6f72 2071 756f 7465 2074 alter or quote t\n-00016120: 6865 2065 7869 7374 696e 6720 636f 6d6d he existing comm\n-00016130: 616e 6420 616e 6420 6974 7320 6172 6775 and and its argu\n-00016140: 6d65 6e74 732e 2020 4675 7274 6865 726d ments. Furtherm\n-00016150: 6f72 652c 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 6761 696e ore, the....gain\n-00016160: 2072 6f6f 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 8099 root command...\n-00016170: 206d 7573 7420 7072 6573 6572 7665 2061 must preserve a\n-00016180: 6c6c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 ll environment v\n-00016190: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2077 6974 686f 7574 ariables without\n-000161a0: 2074 6865 0a63 616c 6c65 7220 6861 7669 the.caller havi\n-000161b0: 6e67 2074 6f20 6578 706c 6963 6974 6c79 ng to explicitly\n-000161c0: 2072 6571 7565 7374 2061 6e79 2070 7265 request any pre\n-000161d0: 7365 7276 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 5468 6520 servation...The \n-000161e0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6172 6520 6578 following are ex\n-000161f0: 616d 706c 6573 206f 6620 7661 6c69 6420 amples of valid \n-00016200: 6761 696e 2072 6f6f 7420 636f 6d6d 616e gain root comman\n-00016210: 6473 2028 696e 2073 796e 7461 7820 6f66 ds (in syntax of\n-00016220: 0a73 6829 2c20 6173 7375 6d69 6e67 2074 .sh), assuming t\n-00016230: 6865 2074 6f6f 6c73 2075 7365 6420 6172 he tools used ar\n-00016240: 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 616e 6420 e available and \n-00016250: 7072 6f70 6572 6c79 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 properly configu\n-00016260: 7265 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2043 6f6d red:.. # Com\n-00016270: 6d61 6e64 2022 7375 646f 222c 2077 6974 mand \"sudo\", wit\n-00016280: 6820 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 222d 6e45 h arguments \"-nE\n-00016290: 2220 616e 6420 222d 2d22 0a20 2020 2020 \" and \"--\". \n-000162a0: 6578 706f 7274 2044 4542 5f47 4149 4e5f export DEB_GAIN_\n-000162b0: 524f 4f54 5f43 4d44 3d27 7375 646f 202d ROOT_CMD='sudo -\n-000162c0: 6e45 202d 2d27 0a20 2020 2020 2320 436f nE --'. # Co\n-000162d0: 6d6d 616e 6420 2266 616b 6572 6f6f 7422 mmand \"fakeroot\"\n-000162e0: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 7369 6e67 6c65 with the single\n-000162f0: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 222d 2d22 0a20 argument \"--\". \n-00016300: 2020 2020 6578 706f 7274 2044 4542 5f47 export DEB_G\n-00016310: 4149 4e5f 524f 4f54 5f43 4d44 3d27 6661 AIN_ROOT_CMD='fa\n-00016320: 6b65 726f 6f74 202d 2d27 0a0a 4578 616d keroot --'..Exam\n-00016330: 706c 6573 206f 6620 7661 6c69 6420 7573 ples of valid us\n-00016340: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6761 696e e of the ...gain\n-00016350: 2072 6f6f 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 8099 root command...\n-00016360: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 7368 2d73 796e :.. # sh-syn\n-00016370: 7461 7820 2861 7373 756d 6573 2073 6574 tax (assumes set\n-00016380: 202d 6520 7365 6d61 6e74 6963 7320 666f -e semantics fo\n-00016390: 7220 6572 726f 7220 6861 6e64 6c69 6e67 r error handling\n-000163a0: 290a 2020 2020 2024 4445 425f 4741 494e ). $DEB_GAIN\n-000163b0: 5f52 4f4f 545f 434d 4420 736f 6d65 2d63 _ROOT_CMD some-c\n-000163c0: 6d64 202d 2d77 6869 6368 2d72 6571 7569 md --which-requi\n-000163d0: 7265 732d 726f 6f74 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 res-root.. #\n-000163e0: 2070 6572 6c0a 2020 2020 206d 7920 4063 perl. my @c\n-000163f0: 6d64 203d 2028 2773 6f6d 652d 636d 6427 md = ('some-cmd'\n-00016400: 2c20 272d 2d77 6869 6368 2d72 6571 7569 , '--which-requi\n-00016410: 7265 732d 726f 6f74 2729 3b0a 2020 2020 res-root');. \n-00016420: 2075 6e73 6869 6674 2840 636d 642c 2073 unshift(@cmd, s\n-00016430: 706c 6974 2827 2027 2c20 2445 4e56 7b44 plit(' ', $ENV{D\n-00016440: 4542 5f47 4149 4e5f 524f 4f54 5f43 4d44 EB_GAIN_ROOT_CMD\n-00016450: 7d29 2920 6966 2024 454e 567b 4445 425f })) if $ENV{DEB_\n-00016460: 4741 494e 5f52 4f4f 545f 434d 447d 3b0a GAIN_ROOT_CMD};.\n-00016470: 2020 2020 2073 7973 7465 6d28 4063 6d64 system(@cmd\n-00016480: 2920 3d3d 2030 206f 7220 6469 6528 2240 ) == 0 or die(\"@\n-00016490: 636d 6420 6661 696c 6564 2229 3b0a 0a1f cmd failed\");...\n-000164a0: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n-000164b0: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n-000164c0: 3a20 5661 7269 6162 6c65 2073 7562 7374 : Variable subst\n-000164d0: 6974 7574 696f 6e73 2064 6562 6961 6e2f itutions debian/\n-000164e0: 7375 6273 7476 6172 732c 2020 4e65 7874 substvars, Next\n-000164f0: 3a20 5570 7374 7265 616d 2073 6f75 7263 : Upstream sourc\n-00016500: 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2064 6562 6961 e location debia\n-00016510: 6e2f 7761 7463 682c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 n/watch, Prev: \n-00016520: 4d61 696e 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7363 Main building sc\n-00016530: 7269 7074 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 ript debian/rule\n-00016540: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 536f 7572 6365 2070 s, Up: Source p\n-00016550: 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a33 2e31 3020 5661 ackages..3.10 Va\n-00016560: 7269 6162 6c65 2073 7562 7374 6974 7574 riable substitut\n-00016570: 696f 6e73 3a20 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f ions: ...debian/\n-00016580: 7375 6273 7476 6172 73e2 8099 0a3d 3d3d substvars....===\n-00016590: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000165a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000165b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5768 ============..Wh\n-000165c0: 656e 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 636f en ...dpkg-genco\n-000165d0: 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 2067 656e 6572 6174 ntrol... generat\n-000165e0: 6573 202a 6e6f 7465 2062 696e 6172 7920 es *note binary \n-000165f0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 package control \n-00016600: 6669 6c65 733a 2031 652e 0a28 e280 9844 files: 1e..(...D\n-00016610: 4542 4941 4e2f 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 EBIAN/control...\n-00016620: 292c 2069 7420 7065 7266 6f72 6d73 2076 ), it performs v\n-00016630: 6172 6961 626c 6520 7375 6273 7469 7475 ariable substitu\n-00016640: 7469 6f6e 7320 6f6e 2069 7473 206f 7574 tions on its out\n-00016650: 7075 740a 6a75 7374 2062 6566 6f72 6520 put.just before \n-00016660: 7772 6974 696e 6720 6974 2e20 2056 6172 writing it. Var\n-00016670: 6961 626c 6520 7375 6273 7469 7475 7469 iable substituti\n-00016680: 6f6e 7320 6861 7665 2074 6865 2066 6f72 ons have the for\n-00016690: 6d0a e280 9824 7b76 6172 6961 626c 657d m....${variable}\n-000166a0: e280 992e 2020 5468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e .... The option\n-000166b0: 616c 2066 696c 6520 e280 9864 6562 6961 al file ...debia\n-000166c0: 6e2f 7375 6273 7476 6172 73e2 8099 2063 n/substvars... c\n-000166d0: 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ontains variable\n-000166e0: 0a73 7562 7374 6974 7574 696f 6e73 2074 .substitutions t\n-000166f0: 6f20 6265 2075 7365 643b 2076 6172 6961 o be used; varia\n-00016700: 626c 6573 2063 616e 2061 6c73 6f20 6265 bles can also be\n-00016710: 2073 6574 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 6672 set directly fr\n-00016720: 6f6d 0ae2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c om....debian/rul\n-00016730: 6573 e280 9920 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 es... using the \n-00016740: e280 982d 56e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 ...-V... option \n-00016750: 746f 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 to the source pa\n-00016760: 636b 6167 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 ckaging commands\n-00016770: 2c0a 616e 6420 6365 7274 6169 6e20 7072 ,.and certain pr\n-00016780: 6564 6566 696e 6564 2076 6172 6961 626c edefined variabl\n-00016790: 6573 2061 7265 2061 6c73 6f20 6176 6169 es are also avai\n-000167a0: 6c61 626c 652e 0a0a 5468 6520 e280 9864 lable...The ...d\n-000167b0: 6562 6961 6e2f 7375 6273 7476 6172 73e2 ebian/substvars.\n-000167c0: 8099 2066 696c 6520 6973 2075 7375 616c .. file is usual\n-000167d0: 6c79 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 2061 6e64 ly generated and\n-000167e0: 206d 6f64 6966 6965 640a 6479 6e61 6d69 modified.dynami\n-000167f0: 6361 6c6c 7920 6279 20e2 8098 6465 6269 cally by ...debi\n-00016800: 616e 2f72 756c 6573 e280 9920 7461 7267 an/rules... targ\n-00016810: 6574 732c 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 6361 ets, in which ca\n-00016820: 7365 2069 7420 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7265 se it must be re\n-00016830: 6d6f 7665 640a 6279 2074 6865 20e2 8098 moved.by the ...\n-00016840: 636c 6561 6ee2 8099 2074 6172 6765 742e clean... target.\n-00016850: 0a0a 5365 6520 e280 9864 6562 2d73 7562 ..See ...deb-sub\n-00016860: 7374 7661 7273 2835 29e2 8099 2066 6f72 stvars(5)... for\n-00016870: 2066 756c 6c20 6465 7461 696c 7320 6162 full details ab\n-00016880: 6f75 7420 736f 7572 6365 2076 6172 6961 out source varia\n-00016890: 626c 650a 7375 6273 7469 7475 7469 6f6e ble.substitution\n-000168a0: 732c 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2074 6865 s, including the\n-000168b0: 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6f66 20e2 8098 6465 format of ...de\n-000168c0: 6269 616e 2f73 7562 7374 7661 7273 e280 bian/substvars..\n-000168d0: 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 ......File: debi\n-000168e0: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n-000168f0: 204e 6f64 653a 2055 7073 7472 6561 6d20 Node: Upstream \n-00016900: 736f 7572 6365 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 source location \n-00016910: 6465 6269 616e 2f77 6174 6368 2c20 204e debian/watch, N\n-00016920: 6578 743a 2047 656e 6572 6174 6564 2066 ext: Generated f\n-00016930: 696c 6573 206c 6973 7420 6465 6269 616e iles list debian\n-00016940: 2f66 696c 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2056 /files, Prev: V\n-00016950: 6172 6961 626c 6520 7375 6273 7469 7475 ariable substitu\n-00016960: 7469 6f6e 7320 6465 6269 616e 2f73 7562 tions debian/sub\n-00016970: 7374 7661 7273 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 stvars, Up: Sou\n-00016980: 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 332e rce packages..3.\n-00016990: 3131 2055 7073 7472 6561 6d20 736f 7572 11 Upstream sour\n-000169a0: 6365 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e3a 20e2 8098 ce location: ...\n-000169b0: 6465 6269 616e 2f77 6174 6368 e280 990a debian/watch....\n-000169c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000169d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000169e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 =============..T\n-000169f0: 6869 7320 6973 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 his is a configu\n-00016a00: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 666f 7220 ration file for \n-00016a10: 7468 6520 e280 9875 7363 616e e280 9920 the ...uscan... \n-00016a20: 7574 696c 6974 7920 7768 6963 6820 6465 utility which de\n-00016a30: 6669 6e65 7320 686f 770a 746f 2061 7574 fines how.to aut\n-00016a40: 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2073 6361 6e20 omatically scan \n-00016a50: 6674 7020 6f72 2068 7474 7020 7369 7465 ftp or http site\n-00016a60: 7320 666f 7220 6e65 776c 7920 6176 6169 s for newly avai\n-00016a70: 6c61 626c 6520 7570 6461 7465 7320 6f66 lable updates of\n-00016a80: 0a74 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 2054 .the package. 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If the.up\n-00016b10: 7374 7265 616d 2073 6f75 7263 6520 6f66 stream source of\n-00016b20: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 the package is \n-00016b30: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7669 6120 6120 available via a \n-00016b40: 6d65 6368 6169 736d 2074 6861 7420 e280 mechaism that ..\n-00016b50: 9875 7363 616e e280 990a 756e 6465 7273 .uscan....unders\n-00016b60: 7461 6e64 732c 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 tands, including\n-00016b70: 2074 6869 7320 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 this configurat\n-00016b80: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7265 636f ion file is reco\n-00016b90: 6d6d 656e 6465 642e 0a0a 4966 2074 6865 mmended...If the\n-00016ba0: 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 6d61 696e 7461 upstream mainta\n-00016bb0: 696e 6572 206f 6620 7468 6520 736f 6674 iner of the soft\n-00016bc0: 7761 7265 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 4f70 ware provides Op\n-00016bd0: 656e 5047 5020 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 enPGP signatures\n-00016be0: 0a66 6f72 206e 6577 2072 656c 6561 7365 .for new release\n-00016bf0: 732c 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2074 6865 s, including the\n-00016c00: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2072 6571 information req\n-00016c10: 7569 7265 6420 666f 7220 e280 9875 7363 uired for ...usc\n-00016c20: 616e e280 9920 746f 0a76 6572 6966 7920 an... to.verify \n-00016c30: 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 2066 6f72 206e signatures for n\n-00016c40: 6577 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 7265 6c65 ew upstream rele\n-00016c50: 6173 6573 2069 7320 616c 736f 2072 6563 ases is also rec\n-00016c60: 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 2e20 2054 6f20 646f ommended. To do\n-00016c70: 0a74 6869 732c 2075 7365 2074 6865 20e2 .this, use the .\n-00016c80: 8098 7067 7073 6967 7572 6c6d 616e 676c ..pgpsigurlmangl\n-00016c90: 65e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 696e 20e2 e... option in .\n-00016ca0: 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f77 6174 6368 e280 ..debian/watch..\n-00016cb0: 9920 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2074 6865 . to specify the\n-00016cc0: 0a6c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 .location of the\n-00016cd0: 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 7369 676e 6174 upstream signat\n-00016ce0: 7572 652c 2061 6e64 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 ure, and include\n-00016cf0: 2074 6865 206b 6579 206f 7220 6b65 7973 the key or keys\n-00016d00: 2075 7365 6420 746f 0a73 6967 6e20 7570 used to.sign up\n-00016d10: 7374 7265 616d 2072 656c 6561 7365 7320 stream releases \n-00016d20: 696e 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 736f in the Debian so\n-00016d30: 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 730a urce package as.\n-00016d40: e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7570 7374 7265 ...debian/upstre\n-00016d50: 616d 2f73 6967 6e69 6e67 2d6b 6579 2e61 am/signing-key.a\n-00016d60: 7363 e280 992e 0a0a 466f 7220 6d6f 7265 sc......For more\n-00016d70: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 626f information abo\n-00016d80: 7574 20e2 8098 7573 6361 6ee2 8099 2061 ut ...uscan... a\n-00016d90: 6e64 2074 6865 7365 206f 7074 696f 6e73 nd these options\n-00016da0: 2c20 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 686f 7720 , including how \n-00016db0: 746f 0a67 656e 6572 6174 6520 7468 6520 to.generate the \n-00016dc0: 6669 6c65 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 file containing \n-00016dd0: 7570 7374 7265 616d 2073 6967 6e69 6e67 upstream signing\n-00016de0: 206b 6579 732c 2073 6565 20e2 8098 7573 keys, see ...us\n-00016df0: 6361 6e28 3129 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 can(1)........Fi\n-00016e00: 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 le: debian-polic\n-00016e10: 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2047 y.info, Node: G\n-00016e20: 656e 6572 6174 6564 2066 696c 6573 206c enerated files l\n-00016e30: 6973 7420 6465 6269 616e 2f66 696c 6573 ist debian/files\n-00016e40: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2045 6d62 6564 6465 , Next: Embedde\n-00016e50: 6420 636f 6465 2063 6f70 6965 732c 2020 d code copies, \n-00016e60: 5072 6576 3a20 5570 7374 7265 616d 2073 Prev: Upstream s\n-00016e70: 6f75 7263 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2064 ource location d\n-00016e80: 6562 6961 6e2f 7761 7463 682c 2020 5570 ebian/watch, Up\n-00016e90: 3a20 536f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 : Source package\n-00016ea0: 730a 0a33 2e31 3220 4765 6e65 7261 7465 s..3.12 Generate\n-00016eb0: 6420 6669 6c65 7320 6c69 7374 3a20 e280 d files list: ..\n-00016ec0: 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 6669 6c65 73e2 8099 .debian/files...\n-00016ed0: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n-00016ee0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00016ef0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6973 ==========..This\n-00016f00: 2066 696c 6520 6973 206e 6f74 2061 2070 file is not a p\n-00016f10: 6572 6d61 6e65 6e74 2070 6172 7420 6f66 ermanent part of\n-00016f20: 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7472 6565 the source tree\n-00016f30: 3b20 6974 2069 7320 7573 6564 2077 6869 ; it is used whi\n-00016f40: 6c65 0a62 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7061 636b le.building pack\n-00016f50: 6167 6573 2074 6f20 7265 636f 7264 2077 ages to record w\n-00016f60: 6869 6368 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 2062 hich files are b\n-00016f70: 6569 6e67 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 2e0a eing generated..\n-00016f80: e280 9864 706b 672d 6765 6e63 6861 6e67 ...dpkg-genchang\n-00016f90: 6573 e280 9920 7573 6573 2069 7420 7768 es... uses it wh\n-00016fa0: 656e 2069 7420 6765 6e65 7261 7465 7320 en it generates \n-00016fb0: 6120 e280 982e 6368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 a ....changes...\n-00016fc0: 2066 696c 652e 0a0a 4974 2073 686f 756c file...It shoul\n-00016fd0: 6420 6e6f 7420 6578 6973 7420 696e 2061 d not exist in a\n-00016fe0: 2073 6869 7070 6564 2073 6f75 7263 6520 shipped source \n-00016ff0: 7061 636b 6167 652c 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 package, and so \n-00017000: 6974 2028 616e 6420 616e 790a 6261 636b it (and any.back\n-00017010: 7570 2066 696c 6573 206f 7220 7465 6d70 up files or temp\n-00017020: 6f72 6172 7920 6669 6c65 7320 7375 6368 orary files such\n-00017030: 2061 7320 e280 9866 696c 6573 2e6e 6577 as ...files.new\n-00017040: e280 9929 2028 3129 2073 686f 756c 6420 ...) (1) should \n-00017050: 6265 0a72 656d 6f76 6564 2062 7920 7468 be.removed by th\n-00017060: 6520 e280 9863 6c65 616e e280 9920 7461 e ...clean... ta\n-00017070: 7267 6574 2e20 2049 7420 6d61 7920 616c rget. It may al\n-00017080: 736f 2062 6520 7769 7365 2074 6f20 656e so be wise to en\n-00017090: 7375 7265 2061 2066 7265 7368 0a73 7461 sure a fresh.sta\n-000170a0: 7274 2062 7920 656d 7074 7969 6e67 206f rt by emptying o\n-000170b0: 7220 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 2069 7420 6174 r removing it at\n-000170c0: 2074 6865 2073 7461 7274 206f 6620 7468 the start of th\n-000170d0: 6520 e280 9862 696e 6172 79e2 8099 2074 e ...binary... t\n-000170e0: 6172 6765 742e 0a0a 5768 656e 20e2 8098 arget...When ...\n-000170f0: 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 dpkg-gencontrol.\n-00017100: 8099 2069 7320 7275 6e20 666f 7220 6120 .. is run for a \n-00017110: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 binary package, \n-00017120: 6974 2061 6464 7320 616e 2065 6e74 7279 it adds an entry\n-00017130: 2074 6f0a e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 6669 to....debian/fi\n-00017140: 6c65 73e2 8099 2066 6f72 2074 6865 20e2 les... for the .\n-00017150: 8098 2e64 6562 e280 9920 6669 6c65 2074 ...deb... file t\n-00017160: 6861 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6372 6561 hat will be crea\n-00017170: 7465 6420 7768 656e 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 ted when ...dpkg\n-00017180: 2d64 6562 0a2d 2d62 7569 6c64 e280 9920 -deb.--build... \n-00017190: 6973 2072 756e 2066 6f72 2074 6861 7420 is run for that \n-000171a0: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 binary package. \n-000171b0: 2053 6f20 666f 7220 6d6f 7374 2070 6163 So for most pac\n-000171c0: 6b61 6765 7320 616c 6c20 7468 6174 0a6e kages all that.n\n-000171d0: 6565 6473 2074 6f20 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 eeds to be done \n-000171e0: 7769 7468 2074 6869 7320 6669 6c65 2069 with this file i\n-000171f0: 7320 746f 2064 656c 6574 6520 6974 2069 s to delete it i\n-00017200: 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9863 6c65 616e e280 n the ...clean..\n-00017210: 9920 7461 7267 6574 2e0a 0a49 6620 6120 . target...If a \n-00017220: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7570 6c6f 6164 2069 package upload i\n-00017230: 6e63 6c75 6465 7320 6669 6c65 7320 6265 ncludes files be\n-00017240: 7369 6465 7320 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 sides the source\n-00017250: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 6e64 2061 6e79 package and any\n-00017260: 0a62 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 .binary packages\n-00017270: 2077 686f 7365 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 whose control f\n-00017280: 696c 6573 2077 6572 6520 6d61 6465 2077 iles were made w\n-00017290: 6974 6820 e280 9864 706b 672d 6765 6e63 ith ...dpkg-genc\n-000172a0: 6f6e 7472 6f6c e280 990a 7468 656e 2074 ontrol....then t\n-000172b0: 6865 7920 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 706c hey should be pl\n-000172c0: 6163 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7061 7265 aced in the pare\n-000172d0: 6e74 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 nt of the packag\n-000172e0: 65e2 8099 7320 746f 702d 6c65 7665 6c0a e...s top-level.\n-000172f0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 616e 6420 e280 directory and ..\n-00017300: 9864 706b 672d 6469 7374 6164 6466 696c .dpkg-distaddfil\n-00017310: 65e2 8099 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2063 e... should be c\n-00017320: 616c 6c65 6420 746f 2061 6464 2074 6865 alled to add the\n-00017330: 2066 696c 6520 746f 2074 6865 0a6c 6973 file to the.lis\n-00017340: 7420 696e 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f66 t in ...debian/f\n-00017350: 696c 6573 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d iles...... ---\n-00017360: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 ------- Footnote\n-00017370: 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 s ----------.. \n-00017380: 2028 3129 20e2 8098 6669 6c65 732e 6e65 (1) ...files.ne\n-00017390: 77e2 8099 2069 7320 7573 6564 2061 7320 w... is used as \n-000173a0: 6120 7465 6d70 6f72 6172 7920 6669 6c65 a temporary file\n-000173b0: 2062 7920 e280 9864 706b 672d 6765 6e63 by ...dpkg-genc\n-000173c0: 6f6e 7472 6f6c e280 9920 616e 640a e280 ontrol... and...\n-000173d0: 9864 706b 672d 6469 7374 6164 6466 696c .dpkg-distaddfil\n-000173e0: 65e2 8099 202d 2074 6865 7920 7772 6974 e... - they writ\n-000173f0: 6520 6120 6e65 7720 7665 7273 696f 6e20 e a new version \n-00017400: 6f66 20e2 8098 6669 6c65 73e2 8099 2068 of ...files... h\n-00017410: 6572 6520 6265 666f 7265 0a72 656e 616d ere before.renam\n-00017420: 696e 6720 6974 2c20 746f 2061 766f 6964 ing it, to avoid\n-00017430: 206c 6561 7669 6e67 2061 2063 6f72 7275 leaving a corru\n-00017440: 7074 6564 2063 6f70 7920 6966 2061 6e20 pted copy if an \n-00017450: 6572 726f 7220 6f63 6375 7273 2e0a 0a1f error occurs....\n-00017460: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n-00017470: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n-00017480: 3a20 456d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f64 6520 : Embedded code \n-00017490: 636f 7069 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 copies, Next: S\n-000174a0: 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6861 ource package ha\n-000174b0: 6e64 6c69 6e67 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 5245 ndling debian/RE\n-000174c0: 4144 4d45 2073 6f75 7263 652c 2020 5072 ADME source, Pr\n-000174d0: 6576 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 6669 ev: Generated fi\n-000174e0: 6c65 7320 6c69 7374 2064 6562 6961 6e2f les list debian/\n-000174f0: 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5570 3a20 536f 7572 files, Up: Sour\n-00017500: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a33 2e31 ce packages..3.1\n-00017510: 3320 456d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f64 6520 3 Embedded code \n-00017520: 636f 7069 6573 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d copies.=========\n-00017530: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00017540: 0a0a 536f 6d65 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 ..Some software \n-00017550: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 packages include\n-00017560: 2069 6e20 7468 6569 7220 6469 7374 7269 in their distri\n-00017570: 6275 7469 6f6e 2063 6f6e 7665 6e69 656e bution convenien\n-00017580: 6365 2063 6f70 6965 730a 6f66 2063 6f64 ce copies.of cod\n-00017590: 6520 6672 6f6d 206f 7468 6572 2073 6f66 e from other sof\n-000175a0: 7477 6172 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 tware packages, \n-000175b0: 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 736f 2074 6861 generally so tha\n-000175c0: 7420 7573 6572 7320 636f 6d70 696c 696e t users compilin\n-000175d0: 670a 6672 6f6d 2073 6f75 7263 6520 646f g.from source do\n-000175e0: 6ee2 8099 7420 6861 7665 2074 6f20 646f n...t have to do\n-000175f0: 776e 6c6f 6164 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 wnload multiple \n-00017600: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e20 2044 6562 6961 packages. Debia\n-00017610: 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a73 686f 756c n packages.shoul\n-00017620: 6420 6e6f 7420 6d61 6b65 2075 7365 206f d not make use o\n-00017630: 6620 7468 6573 6520 636f 6e76 656e 6965 f these convenie\n-00017640: 6e63 6520 636f 7069 6573 2075 6e6c 6573 nce copies unles\n-00017650: 7320 7468 6520 696e 636c 7564 6564 0a70 s the included.p\n-00017660: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 6578 706c 6963 ackage is explic\n-00017670: 6974 6c79 2069 6e74 656e 6465 6420 746f itly intended to\n-00017680: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6973 be used in this\n-00017690: 2077 6179 2e20 2028 3129 2020 4966 2074 way. (1) If t\n-000176a0: 6865 0a69 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 636f 6465 he.included code\n-000176b0: 2069 7320 616c 7265 6164 7920 696e 2074 is already in t\n-000176c0: 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 6172 6368 6976 he Debian archiv\n-000176d0: 6520 696e 2074 6865 2066 6f72 6d20 6f66 e in the form of\n-000176e0: 2061 206c 6962 7261 7279 2c0a 7468 6520 a library,.the \n-000176f0: 4465 6269 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 Debian packaging\n-00017700: 2073 686f 756c 6420 656e 7375 7265 2074 should ensure t\n-00017710: 6861 7420 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 hat binary packa\n-00017720: 6765 7320 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6520 7468 ges reference th\n-00017730: 650a 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 616c 7265 e.libraries alre\n-00017740: 6164 7920 696e 2044 6562 6961 6e20 616e ady in Debian an\n-00017750: 6420 7468 6520 636f 6e76 656e 6965 6e63 d the convenienc\n-00017760: 6520 636f 7079 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7573 e copy is not us\n-00017770: 6564 2e20 2049 660a 7468 6520 696e 636c ed. If.the incl\n-00017780: 7564 6564 2063 6f64 6520 6973 206e 6f74 uded code is not\n-00017790: 2061 6c72 6561 6479 2069 6e20 4465 6269 already in Debi\n-000177a0: 616e 2c20 6974 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 an, it should be\n-000177b0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 640a 7365 7061 7261 packaged.separa\n-000177c0: 7465 6c79 2061 7320 6120 7072 6572 6571 tely as a prereq\n-000177d0: 7569 7369 7465 2069 6620 706f 7373 6962 uisite if possib\n-000177e0: 6c65 2e20 2028 3229 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d le. (2).. ---\n-000177f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 ------- Footnote\n-00017800: 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 s ----------.. \n-00017810: 2028 3129 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 (1) For example\n-00017820: 2c20 7061 7274 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2047 , parts of the G\n-00017830: 4e55 2062 7569 6c64 2073 7973 7465 6d20 NU build system \n-00017840: 776f 726b 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 2e0a work like this..\n-00017850: 0a20 2020 2832 2920 4861 7669 6e67 206d . (2) Having m\n-00017860: 756c 7469 706c 6520 636f 7069 6573 206f ultiple copies o\n-00017870: 6620 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2063 6f64 6520 f the same code \n-00017880: 696e 2044 6562 6961 6e20 6973 2069 6e65 in Debian is ine\n-00017890: 6666 6963 6965 6e74 2c0a 6f66 7465 6e20 fficient,.often \n-000178a0: 6372 6561 7465 7320 6569 7468 6572 2073 creates either s\n-000178b0: 7461 7469 6320 6c69 6e6b 696e 6720 6f72 tatic linking or\n-000178c0: 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 shared library \n-000178d0: 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 732c 2061 6e64 2c0a conflicts, and,.\n-000178e0: 6d6f 7374 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 6c79 most importantly\n-000178f0: 2c20 696e 6372 6561 7365 7320 7468 6520 , increases the \n-00017900: 6469 6666 6963 756c 7479 206f 6620 6861 difficulty of ha\n-00017910: 6e64 6c69 6e67 2073 6563 7572 6974 790a ndling security.\n-00017920: 7675 6c6e 6572 6162 696c 6974 6965 7320 vulnerabilities \n-00017930: 696e 2074 6865 2064 7570 6c69 6361 7465 in the duplicate\n-00017940: 6420 636f 6465 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a d code.....File:\n-00017950: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n-00017960: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 536f 7572 nfo, Node: Sour\n-00017970: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 616e 646c ce package handl\n-00017980: 696e 6720 6465 6269 616e 2f52 4541 444d ing debian/READM\n-00017990: 4520 736f 7572 6365 2c20 204e 6578 743a E source, Next:\n-000179a0: 2052 6570 726f 6475 6369 6269 6c69 7479 Reproducibility\n-000179b0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2045 6d62 6564 6465 , Prev: Embedde\n-000179c0: 6420 636f 6465 2063 6f70 6965 732c 2020 d code copies, \n-000179d0: 5570 3a20 536f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 Up: Source packa\n-000179e0: 6765 730a 0a33 2e31 3420 536f 7572 6365 ges..3.14 Source\n-000179f0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 616e 646c 696e package handlin\n-00017a00: 673a 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f52 4541 g: ...debian/REA\n-00017a10: 444d 452e 736f 7572 6365 e280 990a 3d3d DME.source....==\n-00017a20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00017a30: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00017a40: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00017a50: 3d3d 0a0a 4966 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 20e2 ==..If running .\n-00017a60: 8098 6470 6b67 2d73 6f75 7263 6520 2d78 ..dpkg-source -x\n-00017a70: e280 9920 6f6e 2061 2073 6f75 7263 6520 ... on a source \n-00017a80: 7061 636b 6167 6520 646f 6573 6ee2 8099 package doesn...\n-00017a90: 7420 7072 6f64 7563 6520 7468 650a 736f t produce the.so\n-00017aa0: 7572 6365 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b urce of the pack\n-00017ab0: 6167 652c 2072 6561 6479 2066 6f72 2065 age, ready for e\n-00017ac0: 6469 7469 6e67 2c20 616e 6420 616c 6c6f diting, and allo\n-00017ad0: 7720 6f6e 6520 746f 206d 616b 6520 6368 w one to make ch\n-00017ae0: 616e 6765 730a 616e 6420 7275 6e20 e280 anges.and run ..\n-00017af0: 9864 706b 672d 6275 696c 6470 6163 6b61 .dpkg-buildpacka\n-00017b00: 6765 e280 9920 746f 2070 726f 6475 6365 ge... to produce\n-00017b10: 2061 206d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 7061 636b a modified pack\n-00017b20: 6167 6520 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7461 6b69 age without taki\n-00017b30: 6e67 0a61 6e79 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 ng.any additiona\n-00017b40: 6c20 7374 6570 732c 2063 7265 6174 696e l steps, creatin\n-00017b50: 6720 6120 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 5245 g a ...debian/RE\n-00017b60: 4144 4d45 2e73 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 2064 ADME.source... d\n-00017b70: 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 0a66 696c ocumentation.fil\n-00017b80: 6520 6973 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 e is recommended\n-00017b90: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6669 6c65 2073 686f . This file sho\n-00017ba0: 756c 6420 6578 706c 6169 6e20 686f 7720 uld explain how \n-00017bb0: 746f 2064 6f20 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 to do all of the\n-00017bc0: 0a66 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 3a0a 0a20 2031 .following:.. 1\n-00017bd0: 2e20 4765 6e65 7261 7465 2074 6865 2066 . Generate the f\n-00017be0: 756c 6c79 2070 6174 6368 6564 2073 6f75 ully patched sou\n-00017bf0: 7263 652c 2069 6e20 6120 666f 726d 2072 rce, in a form r\n-00017c00: 6561 6479 2066 6f72 2065 6469 7469 6e67 eady for editing\n-00017c10: 2c0a 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 776f 756c ,. that woul\n-00017c20: 6420 6265 2062 7569 6c74 2074 6f20 6372 d be built to cr\n-00017c30: 6561 7465 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b eate Debian pack\n-00017c40: 6167 6573 2e20 2044 6f69 6e67 2074 6869 ages. Doing thi\n-00017c50: 7320 7769 7468 2061 0a20 2020 2020 e280 s with a. ..\n-00017c60: 9870 6174 6368 e280 9920 7461 7267 6574 .patch... target\n-00017c70: 2069 6e20 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 in ...debian/ru\n-00017c80: 6c65 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7265 636f 6d6d les... is recomm\n-00017c90: 656e 6465 643b 2073 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 ended; see *note\n-00017ca0: 204d 6169 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 7569 6c64 Main. build\n-00017cb0: 696e 6720 7363 7269 7074 3b20 6465 6269 ing script; debi\n-00017cc0: 616e 2f72 756c 6573 3a20 3636 2e0a 0a20 an/rules: 66... \n-00017cd0: 2032 2e20 4d6f 6469 6679 2074 6865 2073 2. Modify the s\n-00017ce0: 6f75 7263 6520 616e 6420 7361 7665 2074 ource and save t\n-00017cf0: 686f 7365 206d 6f64 6966 6963 6174 696f hose modificatio\n-00017d00: 6e73 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 ns so that they \n-00017d10: 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 2020 2020 2061 7070 will be. app\n-00017d20: 6c69 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6275 696c 6469 lied when buildi\n-00017d30: 6e67 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a ng the package..\n-00017d40: 0a20 2033 2e20 5265 6d6f 7665 2073 6f75 . 3. Remove sou\n-00017d50: 7263 6520 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e rce modification\n-00017d60: 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 2063 7572 7265 s that are curre\n-00017d70: 6e74 6c79 2062 6569 6e67 2061 7070 6c69 ntly being appli\n-00017d80: 6564 2077 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 7569 ed when. bui\n-00017d90: 6c64 696e 6720 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 lding the packag\n-00017da0: 652e 0a0a 2020 342e 204f 7074 696f 6e61 e... 4. Optiona\n-00017db0: 6c6c 792c 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 7768 lly, document wh\n-00017dc0: 6174 2073 7465 7073 2061 7265 206e 6563 at steps are nec\n-00017dd0: 6573 7361 7279 2074 6f20 7570 6772 6164 essary to upgrad\n-00017de0: 6520 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e 0a20 2020 e the Debian. \n-00017df0: 2020 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 source package\n-00017e00: 2074 6f20 6120 6e65 7720 7570 7374 7265 to a new upstre\n-00017e10: 616d 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2c20 6966 2061 am version, if a\n-00017e20: 7070 6c69 6361 626c 652e 0a0a 5468 6973 pplicable...This\n-00017e30: 2065 7870 6c61 6e61 7469 6f6e 2073 686f explanation sho\n-00017e40: 756c 6420 696e 636c 7564 6520 7370 6563 uld include spec\n-00017e50: 6966 6963 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 616e ific commands an\n-00017e60: 6420 6d65 6e74 696f 6e20 616e 790a 6164 d mention any.ad\n-00017e70: 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2072 6571 7569 7265 ditional require\n-00017e80: 6420 4465 6269 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 d Debian package\n-00017e90: 732e 2020 4974 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f s. It should no\n-00017ea0: 7420 6173 7375 6d65 2066 616d 696c 6961 t assume familia\n-00017eb0: 7269 7479 0a77 6974 6820 616e 7920 7370 rity.with any sp\n-00017ec0: 6563 6966 6963 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 ecific Debian pa\n-00017ed0: 636b 6167 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 206f ckaging system o\n-00017ee0: 7220 7061 7463 6820 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 r patch manageme\n-00017ef0: 6e74 2074 6f6f 6c73 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 nt tools...This \n-00017f00: 6578 706c 616e 6174 696f 6e20 6d61 7920 explanation may \n-00017f10: 7265 6665 7220 746f 2061 2064 6f63 756d refer to a docum\n-00017f20: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 696e entation file in\n-00017f30: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6279 206f 6e65 206f stalled by one o\n-00017f40: 660a 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 f.the package...\n-00017f50: 7320 6275 696c 6420 6465 7065 6e64 656e s build dependen\n-00017f60: 6369 6573 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 7468 cies provided th\n-00017f70: 6174 2074 6865 2072 6566 6572 656e 6365 at the reference\n-00017f80: 640a 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 d.documentation \n-00017f90: 636c 6561 726c 7920 6578 706c 6169 6e73 clearly explains\n-00017fa0: 2074 6865 7365 2074 6173 6b73 2061 6e64 these tasks and\n-00017fb0: 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 6120 6765 6e65 7261 is not a genera\n-00017fc0: 6c0a 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6520 6d61 6e75 l.reference manu\n-00017fd0: 616c 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f52 al......debian/R\n-00017fe0: 4541 444d 452e 736f 7572 6365 e280 9920 EADME.source... \n-00017ff0: 6d61 7920 616c 736f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 may also include\n-00018000: 2061 6e79 206f 7468 6572 2069 6e66 6f72 any other infor\n-00018010: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2074 6861 7420 776f 756c mation that woul\n-00018020: 640a 6265 2068 656c 7066 756c 2074 6f20 d.be helpful to \n-00018030: 736f 6d65 6f6e 6520 6d6f 6469 6679 696e someone modifyin\n-00018040: 6720 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 g the source pac\n-00018050: 6b61 6765 2e20 2045 7665 6e20 6966 2074 kage. Even if t\n-00018060: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a64 6f65 736e he package.doesn\n-00018070: e280 9974 2066 6974 2074 6865 2061 626f ...t fit the abo\n-00018080: 7665 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 2c20 ve description, \n-00018090: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 6172 6520 maintainers are \n-000180a0: 656e 636f 7572 6167 6564 2074 6f0a 646f encouraged to.do\n-000180b0: 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 6e20 6120 e280 9864 cument in a ...d\n-000180c0: 6562 6961 6e2f 5245 4144 4d45 2e73 6f75 ebian/README.sou\n-000180d0: 7263 65e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 616e 7920 rce... file any \n-000180e0: 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 source package w\n-000180f0: 6974 6820 610a 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 ith a.particular\n-00018100: 6c79 2063 6f6d 706c 6578 206f 7220 756e ly complex or un\n-00018110: 696e 7475 6974 6976 6520 736f 7572 6365 intuitive source\n-00018120: 206c 6179 6f75 7420 6f72 2062 7569 6c64 layout or build\n-00018130: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 2866 6f72 0a65 7861 system (for.exa\n-00018140: 6d70 6c65 2c20 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 mple, a package \n-00018150: 7468 6174 2062 7569 6c64 7320 7468 6520 that builds the \n-00018160: 7361 6d65 2073 6f75 7263 6520 6d75 6c74 same source mult\n-00018170: 6970 6c65 2074 696d 6573 2074 6f0a 6765 iple times to.ge\n-00018180: 6e65 7261 7465 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 nerate different\n-00018190: 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 binary packages\n-000181a0: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 ).....File: debi\n-000181b0: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n-000181c0: 204e 6f64 653a 2052 6570 726f 6475 6369 Node: Reproduci\n-000181d0: 6269 6c69 7479 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204d bility, Next: M\n-000181e0: 6973 7369 6e67 2073 6f75 7263 6573 2064 issing sources d\n-000181f0: 6562 6961 6e2f 6d69 7373 696e 672d 736f ebian/missing-so\n-00018200: 7572 6365 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 536f urces, Prev: So\n-00018210: 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 616e urce package han\n-00018220: 646c 696e 6720 6465 6269 616e 2f52 4541 dling debian/REA\n-00018230: 444d 4520 736f 7572 6365 2c20 2055 703a DME source, Up:\n-00018240: 2053 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 Source packages\n-00018250: 0a0a 332e 3135 2052 6570 726f 6475 6369 ..3.15 Reproduci\n-00018260: 6269 6c69 7479 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d bility.=========\n-00018270: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a50 6163 ===========..Pac\n-00018280: 6b61 6765 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 7569 kages should bui\n-00018290: 6c64 2072 6570 726f 6475 6369 626c 792c ld reproducibly,\n-000182a0: 2077 6869 6368 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2070 which for the p\n-000182b0: 7572 706f 7365 7320 6f66 2074 6869 730a urposes of this.\n-000182c0: 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2028 3129 206d 6561 document (1) mea\n-000182d0: 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6769 7665 6e0a 0a20 ns that given.. \n-000182e0: 2020 2d20 6120 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 - a version of\n-000182f0: 2061 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 a source packag\n-00018300: 6520 756e 7061 636b 6564 2061 7420 6120 e unpacked at a \n-00018310: 6769 7665 6e20 7061 7468 3b0a 0a20 2020 given path;.. \n-00018320: 2d20 6120 7365 7420 6f66 2076 6572 7369 - a set of versi\n-00018330: 6f6e 7320 6f66 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 ons of installed\n-00018340: 2062 7569 6c64 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 build dependenc\n-00018350: 6965 733b 0a0a 2020 202d 2061 2073 6574 ies;.. - a set\n-00018360: 206f 6620 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 of environment \n-00018370: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2076 616c 7565 733b variable values;\n-00018380: 0a0a 2020 202d 2061 2062 7569 6c64 2061 .. - a build a\n-00018390: 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 653b 2061 6e64 rchitecture; and\n-000183a0: 0a0a 2020 202d 2061 2068 6f73 7420 6172 .. - a host ar\n-000183b0: 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 2c0a 0a72 6570 chitecture,..rep\n-000183c0: 6561 7465 646c 7920 6275 696c 6469 6e67 eatedly building\n-000183d0: 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b the source pack\n-000183e0: 6167 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 6275 696c age for the buil\n-000183f0: 6420 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 206f d architecture o\n-00018400: 6e20 616e 790a 6d61 6368 696e 6520 6f66 n any.machine of\n-00018410: 2074 6865 2068 6f73 7420 6172 6368 6974 the host archit\n-00018420: 6563 7475 7265 2077 6974 6820 7468 6f73 ecture with thos\n-00018430: 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f 6620 7468 e versions of th\n-00018440: 6520 6275 696c 640a 6465 7065 6e64 656e e build.dependen\n-00018450: 6369 6573 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2061 cies installed a\n-00018460: 6e64 2065 7861 6374 6c79 2074 686f 7365 nd exactly those\n-00018470: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n-00018480: 6961 626c 6520 7661 6c75 6573 2073 6574 iable values set\n-00018490: 0a77 696c 6c20 7072 6f64 7563 6520 6269 .will produce bi\n-000184a0: 742d 666f 722d 6269 7420 6964 656e 7469 t-for-bit identi\n-000184b0: 6361 6c20 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 cal binary packa\n-000184c0: 6765 732e 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 7265 636f ges...It is reco\n-000184d0: 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 7468 6174 2070 6163 mmended that pac\n-000184e0: 6b61 6765 7320 7072 6f64 7563 6520 6269 kages produce bi\n-000184f0: 742d 666f 722d 6269 7420 6964 656e 7469 t-for-bit identi\n-00018500: 6361 6c20 6269 6e61 7269 6573 0a65 7665 cal binaries.eve\n-00018510: 6e20 6966 206d 6f73 7420 656e 7669 726f n if most enviro\n-00018520: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 nment variables \n-00018530: 616e 6420 6275 696c 6420 7061 7468 7320 and build paths \n-00018540: 6172 6520 7661 7269 6564 2e20 2049 7420 are varied. It \n-00018550: 6973 0a69 6e74 656e 6465 6420 666f 7220 is.intended for \n-00018560: 7468 6973 2073 7472 6963 7465 7220 7374 this stricter st\n-00018570: 616e 6461 7264 2074 6f20 7265 706c 6163 andard to replac\n-00018580: 6520 7468 6520 6162 6f76 6520 7768 656e e the above when\n-00018590: 2069 7420 6973 0a65 6173 6965 7220 666f it is.easier fo\n-000185a0: 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2074 6f20 6d65 r packages to me\n-000185b0: 6574 2069 742e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d et it... -----\n-000185c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n-000185d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n-000185e0: 3129 2054 6869 7320 6973 2044 6562 6961 1) This is Debia\n-000185f0: 6ee2 8099 7320 7072 6563 6973 6966 6963 n...s precisific\n-00018600: 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2072 6570 ation of the rep\n-00018610: 726f 6475 6369 626c 652d 6275 696c 6473 roducible-builds\n-00018620: 2e6f 7267 0a64 6566 696e 6974 696f 6e20 .org.definition \n-00018630: 2868 7474 7073 3a2f 2f72 6570 726f 6475 (https://reprodu\n-00018640: 6369 626c 652d 6275 696c 6473 2e6f 7267 cible-builds.org\n-00018650: 2f64 6f63 732f 6465 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e /docs/definition\n-00018660: 2f29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 /).....File: deb\n-00018670: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n-00018680: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d69 7373 696e 6720 Node: Missing \n-00018690: 736f 7572 6365 7320 6465 6269 616e 2f6d sources debian/m\n-000186a0: 6973 7369 6e67 2d73 6f75 7263 6573 2c20 issing-sources, \n-000186b0: 204e 6578 743a 2056 656e 646f 722d 7370 Next: Vendor-sp\n-000186c0: 6563 6966 6963 2070 6174 6368 2073 6572 ecific patch ser\n-000186d0: 6965 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5265 7072 ies, Prev: Repr\n-000186e0: 6f64 7563 6962 696c 6974 792c 2020 5570 oducibility, Up\n-000186f0: 3a20 536f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 : Source package\n-00018700: 730a 0a33 2e31 3620 4d69 7373 696e 6720 s..3.16 Missing \n-00018710: 736f 7572 6365 733a 20e2 8098 6465 6269 sources: ...debi\n-00018720: 616e 2f6d 6973 7369 6e67 2d73 6f75 7263 an/missing-sourc\n-00018730: 6573 e280 990a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d es....==========\n-00018740: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00018750: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00018760: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 536f 6d65 7469 6d65 7320 ====..Sometimes \n-00018770: 7570 7374 7265 616d 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f upstream does no\n-00018780: 7420 696e 636c 7564 6520 7468 6520 736f t include the so\n-00018790: 7572 6365 2063 6f64 6520 666f 7220 736f urce code for so\n-000187a0: 6d65 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e0a 7468 6520 me files in.the \n-000187b0: 7570 7374 7265 616d 2074 6172 6261 6c6c upstream tarball\n-000187c0: 2e20 2049 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 2073 . In order to s\n-000187d0: 6174 6973 6679 2074 6865 2044 4653 4720 atisfy the DFSG \n-000187e0: 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2069 6e0a for packages in.\n-000187f0: e280 986d 6169 6ee2 8099 206f 7220 e280 ...main... or ..\n-00018800: 9863 6f6e 7472 6962 e280 992c 2079 6f75 .contrib..., you\n-00018810: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6569 7468 6572 3a0a should either:.\n-00018820: 0a20 2031 2e20 7265 7061 636b 2074 6865 . 1. repack the\n-00018830: 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 7461 7262 616c upstream tarbal\n-00018840: 6c20 746f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2074 686f l to include tho\n-00018850: 7365 2073 6f75 7263 6573 3b20 6f72 0a0a se sources; or..\n-00018860: 2020 322e 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2061 2063 2. include a c\n-00018870: 6f70 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 opy of the sourc\n-00018880: 6573 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9864 6562 es in the ...deb\n-00018890: 6961 6e2f 6d69 7373 696e 672d 736f 7572 ian/missing-sour\n-000188a0: 6365 73e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7265 ces.... dire\n-000188b0: 6374 6f72 792e 0a0a 5061 636b 6167 6520 ctory...Package \n-000188c0: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 6d61 7920 maintainers may \n-000188d0: 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2075 7365 2074 optionally use t\n-000188e0: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2063 6f6e he following con\n-000188f0: 7665 6e74 696f 6e20 746f 0a6f 7267 616e vention to.organ\n-00018900: 697a 6520 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 ize the contents\n-00018910: 206f 6620 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 6d69 of ...debian/mi\n-00018920: 7373 696e 672d 736f 7572 6365 73e2 8099 ssing-sources...\n-00018930: 3a20 666f 7220 6120 736f 7572 6365 6c65 : for a sourcele\n-00018940: 7373 2066 696c 650a e280 9866 6f6f e280 ss file....foo..\n-00018950: 9920 696e 2074 6865 2073 7562 6469 7265 . in the subdire\n-00018960: 6374 6f72 7920 e280 9862 6172 e280 9920 ctory ...bar... \n-00018970: 6f66 2074 6865 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 of the upstream \n-00018980: 7461 7262 616c 6c2c 2077 6865 7265 2074 tarball, where t\n-00018990: 6865 0a73 6f75 7263 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 he.source of ...\n-000189a0: 666f 6fe2 8099 2068 6173 2065 7874 656e foo... has exten\n-000189b0: 7369 6f6e 20e2 8098 6261 7ae2 8099 2c20 sion ...baz..., \n-000189c0: 706c 6163 6520 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 place the source\n-000189d0: 2061 740a e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 6d69 at....debian/mi\n-000189e0: 7373 696e 672d 736f 7572 6365 732f 6261 ssing-sources/ba\n-000189f0: 722f 666f 6f2e 6261 7ae2 8099 2e20 2046 r/foo.baz.... F\n-00018a00: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6163 636f or example, acco\n-00018a10: 7264 696e 6720 746f 2074 6869 730a 636f rding to this.co\n-00018a20: 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 2c20 7468 6520 4320 nvention, the C \n-00018a30: 736f 7572 6365 2063 6f64 6520 6f66 2061 source code of a\n-00018a40: 6e20 6578 6563 7574 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 n executable ...\n-00018a50: 6368 6563 6b73 756d 2f75 7469 6ce2 8099 checksum/util...\n-00018a60: 2077 6f75 6c64 2062 650a 6c6f 6361 7465 would be.locate\n-00018a70: 6420 6174 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f6d d at ...debian/m\n-00018a80: 6973 7369 6e67 2d73 6f75 7263 6573 2f63 issing-sources/c\n-00018a90: 6865 636b 7375 6d2f 7574 696c 2e63 e280 hecksum/util.c..\n-00018aa0: 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 ......File: debi\n-00018ab0: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n-00018ac0: 204e 6f64 653a 2056 656e 646f 722d 7370 Node: Vendor-sp\n-00018ad0: 6563 6966 6963 2070 6174 6368 2073 6572 ecific patch ser\n-00018ae0: 6965 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4d69 7373 ies, Prev: Miss\n-00018af0: 696e 6720 736f 7572 6365 7320 6465 6269 ing sources debi\n-00018b00: 616e 2f6d 6973 7369 6e67 2d73 6f75 7263 an/missing-sourc\n-00018b10: 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 7263 6520 es, Up: Source \n-00018b20: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 332e 3137 2056 packages..3.17 V\n-00018b30: 656e 646f 722d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2070 endor-specific p\n-00018b40: 6174 6368 2073 6572 6965 730a 3d3d 3d3d atch series.====\n-00018b50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00018b60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a50 =============..P\n-00018b70: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 696e 2074 6865 2044 ackages in the D\n-00018b80: 6562 6961 6e20 6172 6368 6976 6520 7573 ebian archive us\n-00018b90: 696e 6720 7468 6520 332e 3020 2871 7569 ing the 3.0 (qui\n-00018ba0: 6c74 2920 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 lt) source packa\n-00018bb0: 6765 0a66 6f72 6d61 7420 6d75 7374 206e ge.format must n\n-00018bc0: 6f74 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2061 206e 6f6e ot contain a non\n-00018bd0: 2d64 6566 6175 6c74 2073 6572 6965 7320 -default series \n-00018be0: 6669 6c65 2e20 2054 6861 7420 6973 2c20 file. That is, \n-00018bf0: 7468 6572 6520 6d75 7374 0a6e 6f74 2065 there must.not e\n-00018c00: 7869 7374 2061 2066 696c 6520 e280 9864 xist a file ...d\n-00018c10: 6562 6961 6e2f 7061 7463 6865 732f 666f ebian/patches/fo\n-00018c20: 6f2e 7365 7269 6573 e280 9920 666f 7220 o.series... for \n-00018c30: 616e 7920 e280 9866 6f6f e280 992e 0a0a any ...foo......\n-00018c40: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n-00018c50: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n-00018c60: 653a 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 e: Control files\n-00018c70: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6972 2066 6965 6c64 and their field\n-00018c80: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5061 636b 6167 s, Next: Packag\n-00018c90: 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 e maintainer scr\n-00018ca0: 6970 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c ipts and install\n-00018cb0: 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6f63 6564 7572 652c ation procedure,\n-00018cc0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 536f 7572 6365 2070 Prev: Source p\n-00018cd0: 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f ackages, Up: To\n-00018ce0: 700a 0a34 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c p..4 Control fil\n-00018cf0: 6573 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6972 2066 6965 es and their fie\n-00018d00: 6c64 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a lds.************\n-00018d10: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00018d20: 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 5468 6520 7061 636b 6167 ****..The packag\n-00018d30: 6520 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 2073 7973 e management sys\n-00018d40: 7465 6d20 6d61 6e69 7075 6c61 7465 7320 tem manipulates \n-00018d50: 6461 7461 2072 6570 7265 7365 6e74 6564 data represented\n-00018d60: 2069 6e20 6120 636f 6d6d 6f6e 0a66 6f72 in a common.for\n-00018d70: 6d61 742c 206b 6e6f 776e 2061 7320 2763 mat, known as 'c\n-00018d80: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2064 6174 6127 2c20 7374 ontrol data', st\n-00018d90: 6f72 6564 2069 6e20 2763 6f6e 7472 6f6c ored in 'control\n-00018da0: 2066 696c 6573 272e 2020 436f 6e74 726f files'. Contro\n-00018db0: 6c0a 6669 6c65 7320 6172 6520 7573 6564 l.files are used\n-00018dc0: 2066 6f72 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b for source pack\n-00018dd0: 6167 6573 2c20 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 ages, binary pac\n-00018de0: 6b61 6765 7320 616e 6420 7468 6520 e280 kages and the ..\n-00018df0: 982e 6368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 0a66 696c ..changes....fil\n-00018e00: 6573 2077 6869 6368 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c es which control\n-00018e10: 2074 6865 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f the installatio\n-00018e20: 6e20 6f66 2075 706c 6f61 6465 6420 6669 n of uploaded fi\n-00018e30: 6c65 732e 2020 2831 290a 0a2a 204d 656e les. (1)..* Men\n-00018e40: 753a 0a0a 2a20 5379 6e74 6178 206f 6620 u:..* Syntax of \n-00018e50: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 733a 3a0a control files::.\n-00018e60: 2a20 4465 6269 616e 2073 6f75 7263 6520 * Debian source \n-00018e70: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7465 6d70 6c61 7465 package template\n-00018e80: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 20e2 control files .\n-00018e90: 8093 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 636f 6e74 726f .. debian/contro\n-00018ea0: 6c3a 3a0a 2a20 4465 6269 616e 2062 696e l::.* Debian bin\n-00018eb0: 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 636f 6e74 ary package cont\n-00018ec0: 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 e280 9320 4445 rol files ... DE\n-00018ed0: 4249 414e 2f63 6f6e 7472 6f6c 3a3a 0a2a BIAN/control::.*\n-00018ee0: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 Debian source p\n-00018ef0: 6163 6b61 6765 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 ackage control f\n-00018f00: 696c 6573 20e2 8093 202e 6473 633a 2044 iles ... .dsc: D\n-00018f10: 6562 6961 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 ebian source pac\n-00018f20: 6b61 6765 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c kage control fil\n-00018f30: 6573 20e2 8093 2064 7363 2e0a 2a20 4465 es ... dsc..* De\n-00018f40: 6269 616e 2075 706c 6f61 6420 6368 616e bian upload chan\n-00018f50: 6765 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 ges control file\n-00018f60: 7320 e280 9320 2e63 6861 6e67 6573 3a20 s ... .changes: \n-00018f70: 4465 6269 616e 2075 706c 6f61 6420 6368 Debian upload ch\n-00018f80: 616e 6765 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 anges control fi\n-00018f90: 6c65 7320 e280 9320 6368 616e 6765 732e les ... changes.\n-00018fa0: 0a2a 204c 6973 7420 6f66 2066 6965 6c64 .* List of field\n-00018fb0: 733a 3a0a 2a20 5573 6572 2d64 6566 696e s::.* User-defin\n-00018fc0: 6564 2066 6965 6c64 733a 3a0a 2a20 4f62 ed fields::.* Ob\n-00018fd0: 736f 6c65 7465 2066 6965 6c64 733a 3a0a solete fields::.\n-00018fe0: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n-00018ff0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n-00019000: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 e280 9864 ---.. (1) ...d\n-00019010: 706b 67e2 8099 e280 9973 2069 6e74 6572 pkg......s inter\n-00019020: 6e61 6c20 6461 7461 6261 7365 7320 6172 nal databases ar\n-00019030: 6520 696e 2061 2073 696d 696c 6172 2066 e in a similar f\n-00019040: 6f72 6d61 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ormat.....File: \n-00019050: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n-00019060: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 796e 7461 fo, Node: Synta\n-00019070: 7820 6f66 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c x of control fil\n-00019080: 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2044 6562 6961 es, Next: Debia\n-00019090: 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 n source package\n-000190a0: 2074 656d 706c 6174 6520 636f 6e74 726f template contro\n-000190b0: 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 e280 9320 6465 6269 l files ... debi\n-000190c0: 616e 2f63 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2c20 2055 703a an/control, Up:\n-000190d0: 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 2061 Control files a\n-000190e0: 6e64 2074 6865 6972 2066 6965 6c64 730a nd their fields.\n-000190f0: 0a34 2e31 2053 796e 7461 7820 6f66 2063 .4.1 Syntax of c\n-00019100: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 0a3d 3d3d ontrol files.===\n-00019110: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00019120: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4120 636f 6e74 ========..A cont\n-00019130: 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 rol file consist\n-00019140: 7320 6f66 206f 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 s of one or more\n-00019150: 2073 7461 6e7a 6173 206f 6620 6669 656c stanzas of fiel\n-00019160: 6473 2e20 2028 3129 2020 5468 650a 7374 ds. (1) The.st\n-00019170: 616e 7a61 7320 6172 6520 7365 7061 7261 anzas are separa\n-00019180: 7465 6420 6279 2065 6d70 7479 206c 696e ted by empty lin\n-00019190: 6573 2e20 2050 6172 7365 7273 206d 6179 es. Parsers may\n-000191a0: 2061 6363 6570 7420 6c69 6e65 730a 636f accept lines.co\n-000191b0: 6e73 6973 7469 6e67 2073 6f6c 656c 7920 nsisting solely \n-000191c0: 6f66 2073 7061 6365 7320 616e 6420 7461 of spaces and ta\n-000191d0: 6273 2061 7320 7374 616e 7a61 2073 6570 bs as stanza sep\n-000191e0: 6172 6174 6f72 732c 2062 7574 2063 6f6e arators, but con\n-000191f0: 7472 6f6c 0a66 696c 6573 2073 686f 756c trol.files shoul\n-00019200: 6420 7573 6520 656d 7074 7920 6c69 6e65 d use empty line\n-00019210: 732e 2020 536f 6d65 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c s. 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T\n-00019330: 6865 206f 7264 6572 696e 6720 6f66 2074 he ordering of t\n-00019340: 6865 2073 7461 6e7a 6173 2069 6e20 636f he stanzas in co\n-00019350: 6e74 726f 6c0a 6669 6c65 7320 6973 2073 ntrol.files is s\n-00019360: 6967 6e69 6669 6361 6e74 2e0a 0a45 6163 ignificant...Eac\n-00019370: 6820 7374 616e 7a61 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 h stanza consist\n-00019380: 7320 6f66 2061 2073 6572 6965 7320 6f66 s of a series of\n-00019390: 2064 6174 6120 6669 656c 6473 2e20 2045 data fields. E\n-000193a0: 6163 6820 6669 656c 6420 636f 6e73 6973 ach field consis\n-000193b0: 7473 206f 660a 7468 6520 6669 656c 6420 ts of.the field \n-000193c0: 6e61 6d65 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 name followed by\n-000193d0: 2061 2063 6f6c 6f6e 2061 6e64 2074 6865 a colon and the\n-000193e0: 6e20 7468 6520 6461 7461 2f76 616c 7565 n the data/value\n-000193f0: 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 640a 7769 7468 associated.with\n-00019400: 2074 6861 7420 6669 656c 642e 2020 5468 that field. 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Field name\n-00019500: 7320 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2062 6567 696e s must not begin\n-00019510: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 656e with the commen\n-00019520: 740a 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 2855 2b30 t.character (U+0\n-00019530: 3032 3320 e280 9823 e280 9929 2c20 6e6f 023 ...#...), no\n-00019540: 7220 7769 7468 2074 6865 2068 7970 6865 r with the hyphe\n-00019550: 6e20 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 2855 2b30 n character (U+0\n-00019560: 3032 4420 e280 982d e280 9929 2e0a 0a54 02D ...-...)...T\n-00019570: 6865 2066 6965 6c64 2065 6e64 7320 6174 he field ends at\n-00019580: 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 7468 6520 the end of the \n-00019590: 6c69 6e65 206f 7220 6174 2074 6865 2065 line or at the e\n-000195a0: 6e64 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c61 7374 0a63 nd of the last.c\n-000195b0: 6f6e 7469 6e75 6174 696f 6e20 6c69 6e65 ontinuation line\n-000195c0: 2028 7365 6520 6265 6c6f 7729 2e20 2048 (see below). 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Pac\n-000196a0: 6b61 6765 3a20 6c69 6263 360a 0a74 6865 kage: libc6..the\n-000196b0: 2066 6965 6c64 206e 616d 6520 6973 20e2 field name is .\n-000196c0: 8098 5061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 ..Package... and\n-000196d0: 2074 6865 2066 6965 6c64 2076 616c 7565 the field value\n-000196e0: 20e2 8098 6c69 6263 36e2 8099 2e0a 0a45 ...libc6......E\n-000196f0: 6d70 7479 2066 6965 6c64 2076 616c 7565 mpty field value\n-00019700: 7320 6172 6520 6f6e 6c79 2070 6572 6d69 s are only permi\n-00019710: 7474 6564 2069 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 tted in source p\n-00019720: 6163 6b61 6765 2074 656d 706c 6174 6520 ackage template \n-00019730: 636f 6e74 726f 6c0a 6669 6c65 7320 28e2 control.files (.\n-00019740: 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f63 6f6e 7472 6f6c ..debian/control\n-00019750: e280 9929 2e20 2053 7563 6820 6669 656c ...). 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Field \n-00019d30: 7661 6c75 6573 2061 7265 0a63 6173 652d values are.case-\n-00019d40: 7365 6e73 6974 6976 6520 756e 6c65 7373 sensitive unless\n-00019d50: 2074 6865 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e the description\n-00019d60: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 656c 6420 7361 of the field sa\n-00019d70: 7973 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2e0a 0a53 ys otherwise...S\n-00019d80: 7461 6e7a 6120 7365 7061 7261 746f 7273 tanza separators\n-00019d90: 2028 656d 7074 7920 6c69 6e65 7329 2c20 (empty lines), \n-00019da0: 616e 6420 6c69 6e65 7320 636f 6e73 6973 and lines consis\n-00019db0: 7469 6e67 206f 6e6c 7920 6f66 2055 2b30 ting only of U+0\n-00019dc0: 3032 300a 5350 4143 4520 616e 6420 552b 020.SPACE and U+\n-00019dd0: 3030 3039 2054 4142 2c20 6172 6520 6e6f 0009 TAB, are no\n-00019de0: 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 7769 7468 696e t allowed within\n-00019df0: 2066 6965 6c64 2076 616c 7565 7320 6f72 field values or\n-00019e00: 2062 6574 7765 656e 0a66 6965 6c64 732e between.fields.\n-00019e10: 2020 456d 7074 7920 6c69 6e65 7320 696e Empty lines in\n-00019e20: 2066 6965 6c64 2076 616c 7565 7320 6172 field values ar\n-00019e30: 6520 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6573 6361 7065 e usually escape\n-00019e40: 6420 6279 2072 6570 7265 7365 6e74 696e d by representin\n-00019e50: 670a 7468 656d 2062 7920 6120 552b 3030 g.them by a U+00\n-00019e60: 3230 2053 5041 4345 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 20 SPACE followe\n-00019e70: 6420 6279 2061 2055 2b30 3032 4520 28e2 d by a U+002E (.\n-00019e80: 8098 2ee2 8099 292e 0a0a 4c69 6e65 7320 ......)...Lines \n-00019e90: 7374 6172 7469 6e67 2077 6974 6820 552b starting with U+\n-00019ea0: 3030 3233 2028 e280 9823 e280 9929 2c20 0023 (...#...), \n-00019eb0: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 616e 7920 7072 6563 without any prec\n-00019ec0: 6564 696e 6720 7768 6974 6573 7061 6365 eding whitespace\n-00019ed0: 2c20 6172 650a 636f 6d6d 656e 7420 6c69 , are.comment li\n-00019ee0: 6e65 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 206f 6e6c nes that are onl\n-00019ef0: 7920 7065 726d 6974 7465 6420 696e 2073 y permitted in s\n-00019f00: 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 636f ource package co\n-00019f10: 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 730a 28e2 8098 ntrol files.(...\n-00019f20: 6465 6269 616e 2f63 6f6e 7472 6f6c e280 debian/control..\n-00019f30: 9929 2e20 2054 6865 7365 2063 6f6d 6d65 .). These comme\n-00019f40: 6e74 206c 696e 6573 2061 7265 2069 676e nt lines are ign\n-00019f50: 6f72 6564 2c20 6576 656e 2062 6574 7765 ored, even betwe\n-00019f60: 656e 2074 776f 0a63 6f6e 7469 6e75 6174 en two.continuat\n-00019f70: 696f 6e20 6c69 6e65 732e 2020 5468 6579 ion lines. They\n-00019f80: 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 656e 6420 6c6f 6769 do not end logi\n-00019f90: 6361 6c20 6c69 6e65 732e 0a0a 416c 6c20 cal lines...All \n-00019fa0: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 6d75 control files mu\n-00019fb0: 7374 2062 6520 656e 636f 6465 6420 696e st be encoded in\n-00019fc0: 2055 5446 2d38 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d UTF-8... ----\n-00019fd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 ------ Footnotes\n-00019fe0: 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 ----------.. \n-00019ff0: 2831 2920 5468 6520 7374 616e 7a61 7320 (1) The stanzas \n-0001a000: 736f 6d74 696d 6573 2075 7365 6420 746f somtimes used to\n-0001a010: 2062 6520 7265 6665 7272 6564 2074 6f20 be referred to \n-0001a020: 6173 2070 6172 6167 7261 7068 732c 2062 as paragraphs, b\n-0001a030: 7574 0a74 6861 7420 6361 7573 6564 2063 ut.that caused c\n-0001a040: 6f6e 6675 7369 6f6e 2077 6974 6820 7465 onfusion with te\n-0001a050: 7874 2070 6172 6167 7261 7068 7320 696e xt paragraphs in\n-0001a060: 2070 726f 7365 2c20 736f 2069 7420 6973 prose, so it is\n-0001a070: 206e 6f77 0a63 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 now.considered \n-0001a080: 6120 6469 7363 6f75 7261 6765 6420 7465 a discouraged te\n-0001a090: 726d 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 5468 6973 rm... (2) This\n-0001a0a0: 2066 6f6c 6469 6e67 206d 6574 686f 6420 folding method \n-0001a0b0: 6973 2073 696d 696c 6172 2074 6f20 5246 is similar to RF\n-0001a0c0: 4320 3533 3232 2c20 616c 6c6f 7769 6e67 C 5322, allowing\n-0001a0d0: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 0a66 696c 6573 2074 control.files t\n-0001a0e0: 6861 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 6f6e 6c79 hat contain only\n-0001a0f0: 206f 6e65 2073 7461 6e7a 6120 616e 6420 one stanza and \n-0001a100: 6e6f 206d 756c 7469 6c69 6e65 2066 6965 no multiline fie\n-0001a110: 6c64 7320 746f 2062 6520 7265 6164 2062 lds to be read b\n-0001a120: 790a 7061 7273 6572 7320 7772 6974 7465 y.parsers writte\n-0001a130: 6e20 666f 7220 5246 4320 3533 3232 2e0a n for RFC 5322..\n-0001a140: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n-0001a150: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n-0001a160: 6465 3a20 4465 6269 616e 2073 6f75 7263 de: Debian sourc\n-0001a170: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 7465 6d70 6c61 e package templa\n-0001a180: 7465 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 te control files\n-0001a190: 20e2 8093 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 636f 6e74 ... debian/cont\n-0001a1a0: 726f 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4465 6269 rol, Next: Debi\n-0001a1b0: 616e 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 an binary packag\n-0001a1c0: 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 e control files \n-0001a1d0: e280 9320 4445 4249 414e 2f63 6f6e 7472 ... DEBIAN/contr\n-0001a1e0: 6f6c 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2053 796e 7461 ol, Prev: Synta\n-0001a1f0: 7820 6f66 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c x of control fil\n-0001a200: 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c es, Up: Control\n-0001a210: 2066 696c 6573 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6972 files and their\n-0001a220: 2066 6965 6c64 730a 0a34 2e32 2044 6562 fields..4.2 Deb\n-0001a230: 6961 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 ian source packa\n-0001a240: 6765 2074 656d 706c 6174 6520 636f 6e74 ge template cont\n-0001a250: 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 e280 9320 e280 rol files ... ..\n-0001a260: 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 .debian/control.\n-0001a270: 8099 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ...=============\n-0001a280: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0001a290: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0001a2a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0001a2b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 e280 9864 ======..The ...d\n-0001a2c0: 6562 6961 6e2f 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 ebian/control...\n-0001a2d0: 2066 696c 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 file contains t\n-0001a2e0: 6865 206d 6f73 7420 7669 7461 6c20 2861 he most vital (a\n-0001a2f0: 6e64 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e 2d69 6e64 6570 nd.version-indep\n-0001a300: 656e 6465 6e74 2920 696e 666f 726d 6174 endent) informat\n-0001a310: 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 7468 6520 736f ion about the so\n-0001a320: 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 6e64 urce package and\n-0001a330: 2061 626f 7574 2074 6865 0a62 696e 6172 about the.binar\n-0001a340: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2069 7420 6372 y packages it cr\n-0001a350: 6561 7465 732e 0a0a 5468 6520 6669 7273 eates...The firs\n-0001a360: 7420 7374 616e 7a61 206f 6620 7468 6520 t stanza of the \n-0001a370: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 2063 6f6e control file con\n-0001a380: 7461 696e 7320 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f tains informatio\n-0001a390: 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 7468 650a 736f 7572 n about the.sour\n-0001a3a0: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 6e20 6765 ce package in ge\n-0001a3b0: 6e65 7261 6c2e 2020 5468 6520 7375 6273 neral. The subs\n-0001a3c0: 6571 7565 6e74 2073 7461 6e7a 6173 2065 equent stanzas e\n-0001a3d0: 6163 6820 6465 7363 7269 6265 2061 0a62 ach describe a.b\n-0001a3e0: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 7468 inary package th\n-0001a3f0: 6174 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7472 at the source tr\n-0001a400: 6565 2062 7569 6c64 732e 2020 4561 6368 ee builds. 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They ar\n-0001aa60: 6520 616c 736f 2072 6573 706f 6e73 6962 e also responsib\n-0001aa70: 6c65 2066 6f72 2064 6973 6361 7264 696e le for discardin\n-0001aa80: 6720 656d 7074 7920 6669 656c 6473 2e0a g empty fields..\n-0001aa90: 0a54 6865 2066 6965 6c64 7320 6865 7265 .The fields here\n-0001aaa0: 206d 6179 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2076 6172 may contain var\n-0001aab0: 6961 626c 6520 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6573 iable references\n-0001aac0: 202d 2074 6865 6972 2076 616c 7565 7320 - their values \n-0001aad0: 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 7375 6273 7469 7475 will be.substitu\n-0001aae0: 7465 6420 6279 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d67 ted by ...dpkg-g\n-0001aaf0: 656e 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 2c20 e280 encontrol..., ..\n-0001ab00: 9864 706b 672d 6765 6e63 6861 6e67 6573 .dpkg-genchanges\n-0001ab10: e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d73 ... or ...dpkg-s\n-0001ab20: 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 0a77 6865 6e20 7468 ource....when th\n-0001ab30: 6579 2067 656e 6572 6174 6520 6f75 7470 ey generate outp\n-0001ab40: 7574 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 ut control files\n-0001ab50: 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2056 6172 . See *note Var\n-0001ab60: 6961 626c 650a 7375 6273 7469 7475 7469 iable.substituti\n-0001ab70: 6f6e 733b 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 7375 6273 ons; debian/subs\n-0001ab80: 7476 6172 733a 2036 652e 2066 6f72 2064 tvars: 6e. for d\n-0001ab90: 6574 6169 6c73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a etails.....File:\n-0001aba0: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n-0001abb0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 6269 nfo, Node: Debi\n-0001abc0: 616e 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 an binary packag\n-0001abd0: 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 e control files \n-0001abe0: e280 9320 4445 4249 414e 2f63 6f6e 7472 ... 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The \n-0001ca30: 7379 6e74 6178 2069 7320 7468 6520 7361 syntax is the sa\n-0001ca40: 6d65 2061 7320 666f 7220 7468 650a 2a6e me as for the.*n\n-0001ca50: 6f74 6520 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2066 ote Maintainer f\n-0001ca60: 6965 6c64 3a20 3332 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ield: 32.....Fil\n-0001ca70: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n-0001ca80: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5365 .info, Node: Se\n-0001ca90: 6374 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5072 ction, Next: Pr\n-0001caa0: 696f 7269 7479 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2043 iority, Prev: C\n-0001cab0: 6861 6e67 6564 2d42 792c 2020 5570 3a20 hanged-By, Up: \n-0001cac0: 4c69 7374 206f 6620 6669 656c 6473 0a0a List of fields..\n-0001cad0: 342e 362e 3520 e280 9853 6563 7469 6f6e 4.6.5 ...Section\n-0001cae0: e280 990a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ....------------\n-0001caf0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 6669 656c 6420 ---..This field \n-0001cb00: 7370 6563 6966 6965 7320 616e 2061 7070 specifies an app\n-0001cb10: 6c69 6361 7469 6f6e 2061 7265 6120 696e lication area in\n-0001cb20: 746f 2077 6869 6368 2074 6865 2070 6163 to which the pac\n-0001cb30: 6b61 6765 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e0a 636c kage has been.cl\n-0001cb40: 6173 7369 6669 6564 2e20 2053 6565 2073 assified. See s\n-0001cb50: 2d73 7562 7365 6374 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a57 -subsections...W\n-0001cb60: 6865 6e20 6974 2061 7070 6561 7273 2069 hen it appears i\n-0001cb70: 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f n the ...debian/\n-0001cb80: 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 2066 696c 652c control... file,\n-0001cb90: 2069 7420 6769 7665 7320 7468 6520 7661 it gives the va\n-0001cba0: 6c75 6520 666f 7220 7468 650a 7375 6266 lue for the.subf\n-0001cbb0: 6965 6c64 206f 6620 7468 6520 7361 6d65 ield of the same\n-0001cbc0: 206e 616d 6520 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 name in the ...\n-0001cbd0: 4669 6c65 73e2 8099 2066 6965 6c64 206f Files... field o\n-0001cbe0: 6620 7468 6520 e280 982e 6368 616e 6765 f the ....change\n-0001cbf0: 73e2 8099 2066 696c 652e 0a49 7420 616c s... file..It al\n-0001cc00: 736f 2067 6976 6573 2074 6865 2064 6566 so gives the def\n-0001cc10: 6175 6c74 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2073 616d ault for the sam\n-0001cc20: 6520 6669 656c 6420 696e 2074 6865 2062 e field in the b\n-0001cc30: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e0a inary packages..\n-0001cc40: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n-0001cc50: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n-0001cc60: 6465 3a20 5072 696f 7269 7479 2c20 204e de: Priority, N\n-0001cc70: 6578 743a 2050 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 2050 ext: Package, P\n-0001cc80: 7265 763a 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 rev: Section, U\n-0001cc90: 703a 204c 6973 7420 6f66 2066 6965 6c64 p: List of field\n-0001cca0: 730a 0a34 2e36 2e36 20e2 8098 5072 696f s..4.6.6 ...Prio\n-0001ccb0: 7269 7479 e280 990a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rity....--------\n-0001ccc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2066 --------..This f\n-0001ccd0: 6965 6c64 2072 6570 7265 7365 6e74 7320 ield represents \n-0001cce0: 686f 7720 696d 706f 7274 616e 7420 6974 how important it\n-0001ccf0: 2069 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 2075 7365 is that the use\n-0001cd00: 7220 6861 7665 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 r have the packa\n-0001cd10: 6765 0a69 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2e20 2053 ge.installed. S\n-0001cd20: 6565 2073 2d70 7269 6f72 6974 6965 732e ee s-priorities.\n-0001cd30: 0a0a 5768 656e 2069 7420 6170 7065 6172 ..When it appear\n-0001cd40: 7320 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6465 6269 s in the ...debi\n-0001cd50: 616e 2f63 6f6e 7472 6f6c e280 9920 6669 an/control... fi\n-0001cd60: 6c65 2c20 6974 2067 6976 6573 2074 6865 le, it gives the\n-0001cd70: 2076 616c 7565 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a73 value for the.s\n-0001cd80: 7562 6669 656c 6420 6f66 2074 6865 2073 ubfield of the s\n-0001cd90: 616d 6520 6e61 6d65 2069 6e20 7468 6520 ame name in the \n-0001cda0: e280 9846 696c 6573 e280 9920 6669 656c ...Files... fiel\n-0001cdb0: 6420 6f66 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2e63 6861 d of the ....cha\n-0001cdc0: 6e67 6573 e280 9920 6669 6c65 2e0a 4974 nges... file..It\n-0001cdd0: 2061 6c73 6f20 6769 7665 7320 7468 6520 also gives the \n-0001cde0: 6465 6661 756c 7420 666f 7220 7468 6520 default for the \n-0001cdf0: 7361 6d65 2066 6965 6c64 2069 6e20 7468 same field in th\n-0001ce00: 6520 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e binary package\n-0001ce10: 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 s.....File: debi\n-0001ce20: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n-0001ce30: 204e 6f64 653a 2050 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 Node: Package, \n-0001ce40: 204e 6578 743a 2041 7263 6869 7465 6374 Next: Architect\n-0001ce50: 7572 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5072 696f ure, Prev: Prio\n-0001ce60: 7269 7479 2c20 2055 703a 204c 6973 7420 rity, Up: List \n-0001ce70: 6f66 2066 6965 6c64 730a 0a34 2e36 2e37 of fields..4.6.7\n-0001ce80: 20e2 8098 5061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 0a2d ...Package....-\n-0001ce90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-0001cea0: 5468 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 7468 6520 The name of the \n-0001ceb0: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a binary package..\n-0001cec0: 0a42 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 .Binary package \n-0001ced0: 6e61 6d65 7320 6d75 7374 2066 6f6c 6c6f names must follo\n-0001cee0: 7720 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2073 796e 7461 w the same synta\n-0001cef0: 7820 616e 6420 7265 7374 7269 6374 696f x and restrictio\n-0001cf00: 6e73 2061 730a 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 ns as.source pac\n-0001cf10: 6b61 6765 206e 616d 6573 2e20 2053 6565 kage names. See\n-0001cf20: 202a 6e6f 7465 2053 6f75 7263 653a 2037 *note Source: 7\n-0001cf30: 662e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2064 6574 6169 f. for the detai\n-0001cf40: 6c73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 ls.....File: deb\n-0001cf50: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n-0001cf60: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4172 6368 6974 6563 Node: Architec\n-0001cf70: 7475 7265 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2045 7373 ture, Next: Ess\n-0001cf80: 656e 7469 616c 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2050 ential, Prev: P\n-0001cf90: 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 2055 703a 204c 6973 ackage, Up: Lis\n-0001cfa0: 7420 6f66 2066 6965 6c64 730a 0a34 2e36 t of fields..4.6\n-0001cfb0: 2e38 20e2 8098 4172 6368 6974 6563 7475 .8 ...Architectu\n-0001cfc0: 7265 e280 990a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d re....----------\n-0001cfd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4465 7065 ----------..Depe\n-0001cfe0: 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 nding on context\n-0001cff0: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c and the control\n-0001d000: 2066 696c 6520 7573 6564 2c20 7468 6520 file used, the \n-0001d010: e280 9841 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 65e2 ...Architecture.\n-0001d020: 8099 2066 6965 6c64 0a63 616e 2069 6e63 .. field.can inc\n-0001d030: 6c75 6465 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 lude the followi\n-0001d040: 6e67 2073 6574 7320 6f66 2076 616c 7565 ng sets of value\n-0001d050: 733a 0a0a 2020 202d 2041 2075 6e69 7175 s:.. - A uniqu\n-0001d060: 6520 7369 6e67 6c65 2077 6f72 6420 6964 e single word id\n-0001d070: 656e 7469 6679 696e 6720 6120 4465 6269 entifying a Debi\n-0001d080: 616e 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2061 7263 6869 an machine archi\n-0001d090: 7465 6374 7572 6520 6173 0a20 2020 2020 tecture as. \n-0001d0a0: 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 696e 202a 6e6f described in *no\n-0001d0b0: 7465 2041 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6520 te Architecture \n-0001d0c0: 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7374 specification st\n-0001d0d0: 7269 6e67 733a 2035 342e 0a0a 2020 202d rings: 54... -\n-0001d0e0: 2041 6e20 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 An architecture\n-0001d0f0: 2077 696c 6463 6172 6420 6964 656e 7469 wildcard identi\n-0001d100: 6679 696e 6720 6120 7365 7420 6f66 2044 fying a set of D\n-0001d110: 6562 6961 6e20 6d61 6368 696e 650a 2020 ebian machine. \n-0001d120: 2020 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 architectures\n-0001d130: 2c20 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 4172 6368 , see *note Arch\n-0001d140: 6974 6563 7475 7265 2077 696c 6463 6172 itecture wildcar\n-0001d150: 6473 3a20 6130 2e20 20e2 8098 616e 79e2 ds: a0. ...any.\n-0001d160: 8099 206d 6174 6368 6573 0a20 2020 2020 .. matches. \n-0001d170: 616c 6c20 4465 6269 616e 206d 6163 6869 all Debian machi\n-0001d180: 6e65 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 ne architectures\n-0001d190: 2061 6e64 2069 7320 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 and is the most\n-0001d1a0: 2066 7265 7175 656e 746c 7920 7573 6564 frequently used\n-0001d1b0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 e280 9861 6c6c e280 ... - ...all..\n-0001d1c0: 992c 2077 6869 6368 2069 6e64 6963 6174 ., which indicat\n-0001d1d0: 6573 2061 6e20 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 es an architectu\n-0001d1e0: 7265 2d69 6e64 6570 656e 6465 6e74 2070 re-independent p\n-0001d1f0: 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 e280 ackage... - ..\n-0001d200: 9873 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 2c20 7768 6963 .source..., whic\n-0001d210: 6820 696e 6469 6361 7465 7320 6120 736f h indicates a so\n-0001d220: 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a 0a49 urce package...I\n-0001d230: 6e20 7468 6520 6d61 696e 20e2 8098 6465 n the main ...de\n-0001d240: 6269 616e 2f63 6f6e 7472 6f6c e280 9920 bian/control... \n-0001d250: 6669 6c65 2069 6e20 7468 6520 736f 7572 file in the sour\n-0001d260: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 7468 6973 ce package, this\n-0001d270: 2066 6965 6c64 206d 6179 0a63 6f6e 7461 field may.conta\n-0001d280: 696e 2074 6865 2073 7065 6369 616c 2076 in the special v\n-0001d290: 616c 7565 20e2 8098 616c 6ce2 8099 2c20 alue ...all..., \n-0001d2a0: 7468 6520 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6172 6368 the special arch\n-0001d2b0: 6974 6563 7475 7265 2077 696c 6463 6172 itecture wildcar\n-0001d2c0: 640a e280 9861 6e79 e280 992c 206f 7220 d....any..., or \n-0001d2d0: 6120 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7370 6563 6966 a list of specif\n-0001d2e0: 6963 2061 6e64 2077 696c 6463 6172 6420 ic and wildcard \n-0001d2f0: 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 7320 7365 architectures se\n-0001d300: 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 0a73 7061 6365 parated by.space\n-0001d310: 732e 2020 4966 20e2 8098 616c 6ce2 8099 s. 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Depends Pre-\n-0001e450: 4465 7065 6e64 7320 5265 636f 6d6d 656e Depends Recommen\n-0001e460: 6473 2053 7567 6765 7374 7320 4272 6561 ds Suggests Brea\n-0001e470: 6b73 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2050 726f ks Conflicts Pro\n-0001e480: 7669 6465 7320 5265 706c 6163 6573 2045 vides Replaces E\n-0001e490: 6e68 616e 6365 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4c69 nhances, Up: Li\n-0001e4a0: 7374 206f 6620 6669 656c 6473 0a0a 342e st of fields..4.\n-0001e4b0: 362e 3131 20e2 8098 5374 616e 6461 7264 6.11 ...Standard\n-0001e4c0: 732d 5665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 0a2d 2d2d s-Version....---\n-0001e4d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0001e4e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 206d 6f73 -------..The mos\n-0001e4f0: 7420 7265 6365 6e74 2076 6572 7369 6f6e t recent version\n-0001e500: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7374 616e 6461 7264 of the standard\n-0001e510: 7320 2874 6865 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 6d61 s (the policy ma\n-0001e520: 6e75 616c 2061 6e64 0a61 7373 6f63 6961 nual and.associa\n-0001e530: 7465 6420 7465 7874 7329 2077 6974 6820 ted texts) with \n-0001e540: 7768 6963 6820 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 which the packag\n-0001e550: 6520 636f 6d70 6c69 6573 2e20 2053 6565 e complies. See\n-0001e560: 202a 6e6f 7465 2053 7461 6e64 6172 6473 *note Standards\n-0001e570: 0a63 6f6e 666f 726d 616e 6365 3a20 3464 .conformance: 4d\n-0001e580: 2e0a 0a54 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e ...The version n\n-0001e590: 756d 6265 7220 6861 7320 666f 7572 2063 umber has four c\n-0001e5a0: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 733a 206d 616a 6f72 omponents: major\n-0001e5b0: 2061 6e64 206d 696e 6f72 2076 6572 7369 and minor versi\n-0001e5c0: 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 720a 616e 6420 6d61 on number.and ma\n-0001e5d0: 6a6f 7220 616e 6420 6d69 6e6f 7220 7061 jor and minor pa\n-0001e5e0: 7463 6820 6c65 7665 6c2e 2020 5768 656e tch level. When\n-0001e5f0: 2074 6865 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6473 2063 the standards c\n-0001e600: 6861 6e67 6520 696e 2061 2077 6179 0a74 hange in a way.t\n-0001e610: 6861 7420 7265 7175 6972 6573 2065 7665 hat requires eve\n-0001e620: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6f20 6368 ry package to ch\n-0001e630: 616e 6765 2074 6865 206d 616a 6f72 206e ange the major n\n-0001e640: 756d 6265 7220 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6368 umber will be ch\n-0001e650: 616e 6765 642e 0a53 6967 6e69 6669 6361 anged..Significa\n-0001e660: 6e74 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2074 6861 7420 nt changes that \n-0001e670: 7769 6c6c 2072 6571 7569 7265 2077 6f72 will require wor\n-0001e680: 6b20 696e 206d 616e 7920 7061 636b 6167 k in many packag\n-0001e690: 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a73 6967 6e61 es will be.signa\n-0001e6a0: 6c65 6420 6279 2061 2063 6861 6e67 6520 led by a change \n-0001e6b0: 746f 2074 6865 206d 696e 6f72 206e 756d to the minor num\n-0001e6c0: 6265 722e 2020 5468 6520 6d61 6a6f 7220 ber. The major \n-0001e6d0: 7061 7463 6820 6c65 7665 6c20 7769 6c6c patch level will\n-0001e6e0: 2062 650a 6368 616e 6765 6420 666f 7220 be.changed for \n-0001e6f0: 616e 7920 6368 616e 6765 2074 6f20 7468 any change to th\n-0001e700: 6520 6d65 616e 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 e meaning of the\n-0001e710: 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6473 2c20 686f 7765 standards, howe\n-0001e720: 7665 7220 736d 616c 6c3b 0a74 6865 206d ver small;.the m\n-0001e730: 696e 6f72 2070 6174 6368 206c 6576 656c inor patch level\n-0001e740: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2063 6861 6e67 6564 will be changed\n-0001e750: 2077 6865 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2063 6f73 6d65 when only cosme\n-0001e760: 7469 632c 2074 7970 6f67 7261 7068 6963 tic, typographic\n-0001e770: 616c 0a6f 7220 6f74 6865 7220 6564 6974 al.or other edit\n-0001e780: 7320 6172 6520 6d61 6465 2077 6869 6368 s are made which\n-0001e790: 206e 6569 7468 6572 2063 6861 6e67 6520 neither change \n-0001e7a0: 7468 6520 6d65 616e 696e 6720 6f66 2074 the meaning of t\n-0001e7b0: 6865 2064 6f63 756d 656e 740a 6e6f 7220 he document.nor \n-0001e7c0: 6166 6665 6374 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 affect the conte\n-0001e7d0: 6e74 7320 6f66 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e nts of packages.\n-0001e7e0: 0a0a 5468 7573 206f 6e6c 7920 7468 6520 ..Thus only the \n-0001e7f0: 6669 7273 7420 7468 7265 6520 636f 6d70 first three comp\n-0001e800: 6f6e 656e 7473 206f 6620 7468 6520 706f onents of the po\n-0001e810: 6c69 6379 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2061 7265 licy version are\n-0001e820: 0a73 6967 6e69 6669 6361 6e74 2069 6e20 .significant in \n-0001e830: 7468 6520 2753 7461 6e64 6172 6473 2d56 the 'Standards-V\n-0001e840: 6572 7369 6f6e 2720 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 ersion' control \n-0001e850: 6669 656c 642c 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 6569 field, and so ei\n-0001e860: 7468 6572 0a74 6865 7365 2074 6872 6565 ther.these three\n-0001e870: 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 6f72 2061 components or a\n-0001e880: 6c6c 2066 6f75 7220 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e ll four componen\n-0001e890: 7473 206d 6179 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 ts may be specif\n-0001e8a0: 6965 642e 2020 2831 290a 0a75 6465 6273 ied. (1)..udebs\n-0001e8b0: 2061 6e64 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b and source pack\n-0001e8c0: 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 6f6e 6c79 2070 ages that only p\n-0001e8d0: 726f 6475 6365 2075 6465 6273 2064 6f20 roduce udebs do \n-0001e8e0: 6e6f 7420 7573 650a e280 9853 7461 6e64 not use....Stand\n-0001e8f0: 6172 6473 2d56 6572 7369 6f6e e280 992e ards-Version....\n-0001e900: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n-0001e910: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n-0001e920: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2049 6e20 ----.. (1) In \n-0001e930: 7468 6520 7061 7374 2c20 7065 6f70 6c65 the past, people\n-0001e940: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2074 6865 2066 specified the f\n-0001e950: 756c 6c20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 ull version numb\n-0001e960: 6572 2069 6e20 7468 650a 5374 616e 6461 er in the.Standa\n-0001e970: 7264 732d 5665 7273 696f 6e20 6669 656c rds-Version fiel\n-0001e980: 642c 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 20e2 d, for example .\n-0001e990: 809c 322e 332e 302e 30e2 809d 2e20 2053 ..2.3.0.0.... S\n-0001e9a0: 696e 6365 206d 696e 6f72 2070 6174 6368 ince minor patch\n-0001e9b0: 2d6c 6576 656c 0a63 6861 6e67 6573 2064 -level.changes d\n-0001e9c0: 6f6e e280 9974 2069 6e74 726f 6475 6365 on...t introduce\n-0001e9d0: 206e 6577 2070 6f6c 6963 792c 2069 7420 new policy, it \n-0001e9e0: 7761 7320 7468 6f75 6768 7420 6974 2077 was thought it w\n-0001e9f0: 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6265 7474 6572 2074 ould be better t\n-0001ea00: 6f0a 7265 6c61 7820 706f 6c69 6379 2061 o.relax policy a\n-0001ea10: 6e64 206f 6e6c 7920 7265 7175 6972 6520 nd only require \n-0001ea20: 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 3320 636f 6d70 the first 3 comp\n-0001ea30: 6f6e 656e 7473 2074 6f20 6265 2073 7065 onents to be spe\n-0001ea40: 6369 6669 6564 2c20 696e 0a74 6869 7320 cified, in.this \n-0001ea50: 6578 616d 706c 6520 e280 9c32 2e33 2e30 example ...2.3.0\n-0001ea60: e280 9d2e 2020 416c 6c20 666f 7572 2063 .... All four c\n-0001ea70: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 6d61 7920 7374 omponents may st\n-0001ea80: 696c 6c20 6265 2075 7365 6420 6966 2073 ill be used if s\n-0001ea90: 6f6d 656f 6e65 0a77 6973 6865 7320 746f omeone.wishes to\n-0001eaa0: 2064 6f20 736f 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a do so.....File:\n-0001eab0: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n-0001eac0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5665 7273 nfo, Node: Vers\n-0001ead0: 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4465 7363 ion, Next: Desc\n-0001eae0: 7269 7074 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 ription, Prev: \n-0001eaf0: 5374 616e 6461 7264 732d 5665 7273 696f Standards-Versio\n-0001eb00: 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 4c69 7374 206f 6620 n, Up: List of \n-0001eb10: 6669 656c 6473 0a0a 342e 362e 3132 20e2 fields..4.6.12 .\n-0001eb20: 8098 5665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 0a2d 2d2d ..Version....---\n-0001eb30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 -------------..T\n-0001eb40: 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 he version numbe\n-0001eb50: 7220 6f66 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 r of a package. \n-0001eb60: 2054 6865 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6973 3a0a The format is:.\n-0001eb70: e280 985b 6570 6f63 683a 5d75 7073 7472 ...[epoch:]upstr\n-0001eb80: 6561 6d5f 7665 7273 696f 6e5b 2d64 6562 eam_version[-deb\n-0001eb90: 6961 6e5f 7265 7669 7369 6f6e 5de2 8099 ian_revision]...\n-0001eba0: 2e0a 0a54 6865 2074 6872 6565 2063 6f6d ...The three com\n-0001ebb0: 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 6865 7265 2061 7265 ponents here are\n-0001ebc0: 3a0a 0ae2 8098 6570 6f63 68e2 8099 0a0a :.....epoch.....\n-0001ebd0: 2020 2020 2054 6869 7320 6973 2061 2073 This is a s\n-0001ebe0: 696e 676c 6520 2867 656e 6572 616c 6c79 ingle (generally\n-0001ebf0: 2073 6d61 6c6c 2920 756e 7369 676e 6564 small) unsigned\n-0001ec00: 2069 6e74 6567 6572 2e20 2049 7420 6d61 integer. It ma\n-0001ec10: 7920 6265 0a20 2020 2020 6f6d 6974 7465 y be. omitte\n-0001ec20: 642c 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 6361 7365 d, in which case\n-0001ec30: 207a 6572 6f20 6973 2061 7373 756d 6564 zero is assumed\n-0001ec40: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4570 6f63 6873 2063 ... Epochs c\n-0001ec50: 616e 2068 656c 7020 7768 656e 2074 6865 an help when the\n-0001ec60: 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 7665 7273 696f upstream versio\n-0001ec70: 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 696e 6720 7363 6865 n numbering sche\n-0001ec80: 6d65 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2c0a 2020 2020 me changes,. \n-0001ec90: 2062 7574 2074 6865 7920 6d75 7374 2062 but they must b\n-0001eca0: 6520 7573 6564 2077 6974 6820 6361 7265 e used with care\n-0001ecb0: 2e20 2059 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f . You should no\n-0001ecc0: 7420 6368 616e 6765 2074 6865 2065 706f t change the epo\n-0001ecd0: 6368 2c0a 2020 2020 2065 7665 6e20 696e ch,. even in\n-0001ece0: 2065 7870 6572 696d 656e 7461 6c2c 2077 experimental, w\n-0001ecf0: 6974 686f 7574 2067 6574 7469 6e67 2063 ithout getting c\n-0001ed00: 6f6e 7365 6e73 7573 206f 6e20 6465 6269 onsensus on debi\n-0001ed10: 616e 2d64 6576 656c 0a20 2020 2020 6669 an-devel. fi\n-0001ed20: 7273 742e 0a0a e280 9875 7073 7472 6561 rst......upstrea\n-0001ed30: 6d5f 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 0a0a 2020 m_version..... \n-0001ed40: 2020 2054 6869 7320 6973 2074 6865 206d This is the m\n-0001ed50: 6169 6e20 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 ain part of the \n-0001ed60: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 2e20 version number. \n-0001ed70: 2049 7420 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2074 It is usually t\n-0001ed80: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7665 7273 696f 6e20 he. version \n-0001ed90: 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7468 6520 6f72 number of the or\n-0001eda0: 6967 696e 616c 2028 e280 9c75 7073 7472 iginal (...upstr\n-0001edb0: 6561 6de2 809d 2920 7061 636b 6167 6520 eam...) package \n-0001edc0: 6672 6f6d 2077 6869 6368 2074 6865 0a20 from which the. \n-0001edd0: 2020 2020 e280 982e 6465 62e2 8099 2066 ....deb... f\n-0001ede0: 696c 6520 6861 7320 6265 656e 206d 6164 ile has been mad\n-0001edf0: 652c 2069 6620 7468 6973 2069 7320 6170 e, if this is ap\n-0001ee00: 706c 6963 6162 6c65 2e20 2055 7375 616c plicable. Usual\n-0001ee10: 6c79 2074 6869 730a 2020 2020 2077 696c ly this. wil\n-0001ee20: 6c20 6265 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 l be in the same\n-0001ee30: 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6173 2074 6861 7420 format as that \n-0001ee40: 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6279 2074 6865 specified by the\n-0001ee50: 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d0a 2020 2020 2061 upstream. a\n-0001ee60: 7574 686f 7228 7329 3b20 686f 7765 7665 uthor(s); howeve\n-0001ee70: 722c 2069 7420 6d61 7920 6e65 6564 2074 r, it may need t\n-0001ee80: 6f20 6265 2072 6566 6f72 6d61 7474 6564 o be reformatted\n-0001ee90: 2074 6f20 6669 7420 696e 746f 2074 6865 to fit into the\n-0001eea0: 0a20 2020 2020 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 . package ma\n-0001eeb0: 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 2073 7973 7465 6de2 nagement system.\n-0001eec0: 8099 7320 666f 726d 6174 2061 6e64 2063 ..s format and c\n-0001eed0: 6f6d 7061 7269 736f 6e20 7363 6865 6d65 omparison scheme\n-0001eee0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 636f 6d70 ... The comp\n-0001eef0: 6172 6973 6f6e 2062 6568 6176 696f 7220 arison behavior \n-0001ef00: 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d of the package m\n-0001ef10: 616e 6167 656d 656e 7420 7379 7374 656d anagement system\n-0001ef20: 2077 6974 680a 2020 2020 2072 6573 7065 with. respe\n-0001ef30: 6374 2074 6f20 7468 6520 e280 9875 7073 ct to the ...ups\n-0001ef40: 7472 6561 6d5f 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 tream_version...\n-0001ef50: 2069 7320 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 6265 is described be\n-0001ef60: 6c6f 772e 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 low. The. .\n-0001ef70: 8098 7570 7374 7265 616d 5f76 6572 7369 ..upstream_versi\n-0001ef80: 6f6e e280 9920 706f 7274 696f 6e20 6f66 on... portion of\n-0001ef90: 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d the version num\n-0001efa0: 6265 7220 6973 206d 616e 6461 746f 7279 ber is mandatory\n-0001efb0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 e280 9875 ... The ...u\n-0001efc0: 7073 7472 6561 6d5f 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 pstream_version.\n-0001efd0: 8099 206d 7573 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 .. must contain \n-0001efe0: 6f6e 6c79 2061 6c70 6861 6e75 6d65 7269 only alphanumeri\n-0001eff0: 6373 2028 3129 2061 6e64 2074 6865 0a20 cs (1) and the. \n-0001f000: 2020 2020 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 20e2 characters .\n-0001f010: 8098 2ee2 8099 20e2 8098 2be2 8099 20e2 ...... ...+... .\n-0001f020: 8098 2de2 8099 20e2 8098 7ee2 8099 2028 ..-... ...~... (\n-0001f030: 6675 6c6c 2073 746f 702c 2070 6c75 732c full stop, plus,\n-0001f040: 2068 7970 6865 6e2c 2074 696c 6465 2920 hyphen, tilde) \n-0001f050: 616e 640a 2020 2020 2073 686f 756c 6420 and. should \n-0001f060: 7374 6172 7420 7769 7468 2061 2064 6967 start with a dig\n-0001f070: 6974 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 6973 it. If there is\n-0001f080: 206e 6f20 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e5f 7265 no ...debian_re\n-0001f090: 7669 7369 6f6e e280 9920 7468 656e 0a20 vision... then. \n-0001f0a0: 2020 2020 6879 7068 656e 7320 6172 6520 hyphens are \n-0001f0b0: 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 642e 0a0a e280 not allowed.....\n-0001f0c0: 9864 6562 6961 6e5f 7265 7669 7369 6f6e .debian_revision\n-0001f0d0: e280 990a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2070 ..... This p\n-0001f0e0: 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 art of the versi\n-0001f0f0: 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7220 7370 6563 6966 on number specif\n-0001f100: 6965 7320 7468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 ies the version \n-0001f110: 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e0a 2020 of the Debian. \n-0001f120: 2020 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2062 6173 6564 package based\n-0001f130: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7570 7374 7265 616d on the upstream\n-0001f140: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2e20 2049 7420 6d75 version. It mu\n-0001f150: 7374 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 206f 6e6c 790a st contain only.\n-0001f160: 2020 2020 2061 6c70 6861 6e75 6d65 7269 alphanumeri\n-0001f170: 6373 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2063 6861 7261 cs and the chara\n-0001f180: 6374 6572 7320 e280 982b e280 9920 e280 cters ...+... ..\n-0001f190: 982e e280 9920 e280 987e e280 9920 2870 ..... ...~... (p\n-0001f1a0: 6c75 732c 2066 756c 6c20 7374 6f70 2c0a lus, full stop,.\n-0001f1b0: 2020 2020 2074 696c 6465 2920 616e 6420 tilde) and \n-0001f1c0: 6973 2063 6f6d 7061 7265 6420 696e 2074 is compared in t\n-0001f1d0: 6865 2073 616d 6520 7761 7920 6173 2074 he same way as t\n-0001f1e0: 6865 20e2 8098 7570 7374 7265 616d 5f76 he ...upstream_v\n-0001f1f0: 6572 7369 6f6e e280 990a 2020 2020 2069 ersion.... i\n-0001f200: 732e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 7420 6973 2063 s... It is c\n-0001f210: 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e61 6c20 746f 2072 onventional to r\n-0001f220: 6573 7461 7274 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6465 estart the ...de\n-0001f230: 6269 616e 5f72 6576 6973 696f 6ee2 8099 bian_revision...\n-0001f240: 2061 7420 e280 9831 e280 9920 6561 6368 at ...1... each\n-0001f250: 0a20 2020 2020 7469 6d65 2074 6865 20e2 . time the .\n-0001f260: 8098 7570 7374 7265 616d 5f76 6572 7369 ..upstream_versi\n-0001f270: 6f6e e280 9920 6973 2069 6e63 7265 6173 on... is increas\n-0001f280: 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 7061 ed... The pa\n-0001f290: 636b 6167 6520 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 ckage management\n-0001f2a0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7769 6c6c 2062 7265 system will bre\n-0001f2b0: 616b 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e ak the version n\n-0001f2c0: 756d 6265 7220 6170 6172 740a 2020 2020 umber apart. \n-0001f2d0: 2061 7420 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2068 7970 at the last hyp\n-0001f2e0: 6865 6e20 696e 2074 6865 2073 7472 696e hen in the strin\n-0001f2f0: 6720 2869 6620 7468 6572 6520 6973 206f g (if there is o\n-0001f300: 6e65 2920 746f 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 ne) to determine\n-0001f310: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9875 7073 the. ...ups\n-0001f320: 7472 6561 6d5f 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 tream_version...\n-0001f330: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 5f72 and ...debian_r\n-0001f340: 6576 6973 696f 6ee2 8099 2e20 2054 6865 evision.... The\n-0001f350: 2061 6273 656e 6365 206f 6620 610a 2020 absence of a. \n-0001f360: 2020 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 5f72 6576 ...debian_rev\n-0001f370: 6973 696f 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 6571 7569 ision... is equi\n-0001f380: 7661 6c65 6e74 2074 6f20 6120 e280 9864 valent to a ...d\n-0001f390: 6562 6961 6e5f 7265 7669 7369 6f6e e280 ebian_revision..\n-0001f3a0: 9920 6f66 20e2 8098 30e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 . of ...0...... \n-0001f3b0: 2020 2020 5072 6573 656e 6365 206f 6620 Presence of \n-0001f3c0: 7468 6520 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e5f 7265 the ...debian_re\n-0001f3d0: 7669 7369 6f6e e280 9920 7061 7274 2069 vision... part i\n-0001f3e0: 6e64 6963 6174 6573 2074 6869 7320 7061 ndicates this pa\n-0001f3f0: 636b 6167 6520 6973 2061 0a20 2020 2020 ckage is a. \n-0001f400: 6e6f 6e2d 6e61 7469 7665 2070 6163 6b61 non-native packa\n-0001f410: 6765 2028 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 536f ge (see *note So\n-0001f420: 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 733a 2034 urce packages: 4\n-0001f430: 612e 292e 2020 4162 7365 6e63 650a 2020 a.). 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Th\n-0001f670: 6573 6520 7477 6f20 7061 7274 7320 286f ese two parts (o\n-0001f680: 6e65 206f 6620 7768 6963 6820 6d61 7920 ne of which may \n-0001f690: 6265 2065 6d70 7479 290a 6172 6520 636f be empty).are co\n-0001f6a0: 6d70 6172 6564 206c 6578 6963 616c 6c79 mpared lexically\n-0001f6b0: 2e20 2049 6620 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e . If a differen\n-0001f6c0: 6365 2069 7320 666f 756e 6420 6974 2069 ce is found it i\n-0001f6d0: 7320 7265 7475 726e 6564 2e20 2054 6865 s returned. The\n-0001f6e0: 0a6c 6578 6963 616c 2063 6f6d 7061 7269 .lexical compari\n-0001f6f0: 736f 6e20 6973 2061 2063 6f6d 7061 7269 son is a compari\n-0001f700: 736f 6e20 6f66 2041 5343 4949 2076 616c son of ASCII val\n-0001f710: 7565 7320 6d6f 6469 6669 6564 2073 6f20 ues modified so \n-0001f720: 7468 6174 2061 6c6c 0a74 6865 206c 6574 that all.the let\n-0001f730: 7465 7273 2073 6f72 7420 6561 726c 6965 ters sort earlie\n-0001f740: 7220 7468 616e 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 206e r than all the n\n-0001f750: 6f6e 2d6c 6574 7465 7273 2061 6e64 2073 on-letters and s\n-0001f760: 6f20 7468 6174 2061 2074 696c 6465 0a73 o that a tilde.s\n-0001f770: 6f72 7473 2062 6566 6f72 6520 616e 7974 orts before anyt\n-0001f780: 6869 6e67 2c20 6576 656e 2074 6865 2065 hing, even the e\n-0001f790: 6e64 206f 6620 6120 7061 7274 2e20 2046 nd of a part. F\n-0001f7a0: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 7468 650a or example, the.\n-0001f7b0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7061 7274 7320 following parts \n-0001f7c0: 6172 6520 696e 2073 6f72 7465 6420 6f72 are in sorted or\n-0001f7d0: 6465 7220 6672 6f6d 2065 6172 6c69 6573 der from earlies\n-0001f7e0: 7420 746f 206c 6174 6573 743a 20e2 8098 t to latest: ...\n-0001f7f0: 7e7e e280 992c 0ae2 8098 7e7e 61e2 8099 ~~...,....~~a...\n-0001f800: 2c20 e280 987e e280 992c 2074 6865 2065 , ...~..., the e\n-0001f810: 6d70 7479 2070 6172 742c 20e2 8098 61e2 mpty part, ...a.\n-0001f820: 8099 2e20 2028 3229 0a0a 5468 656e 2074 ... (2)..Then t\n-0001f830: 6865 2069 6e69 7469 616c 2070 6172 7420 he initial part \n-0001f840: 6f66 2074 6865 2072 656d 6169 6e64 6572 of the remainder\n-0001f850: 206f 6620 6561 6368 2073 7472 696e 6720 of each string \n-0001f860: 7768 6963 6820 636f 6e73 6973 7473 0a65 which consists.e\n-0001f870: 6e74 6972 656c 7920 6f66 2064 6967 6974 ntirely of digit\n-0001f880: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 7320 6973 2064 characters is d\n-0001f890: 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 642e 2020 5468 6520 etermined. The \n-0001f8a0: 6e75 6d65 7269 6361 6c20 7661 6c75 6573 numerical values\n-0001f8b0: 206f 660a 7468 6573 6520 7477 6f20 7061 of.these two pa\n-0001f8c0: 7274 7320 6172 6520 636f 6d70 6172 6564 rts are compared\n-0001f8d0: 2c20 616e 6420 616e 7920 6469 6666 6572 , and any differ\n-0001f8e0: 656e 6365 2066 6f75 6e64 2069 7320 7265 ence found is re\n-0001f8f0: 7475 726e 6564 2061 730a 7468 6520 7265 turned as.the re\n-0001f900: 7375 6c74 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6d70 sult of the comp\n-0001f910: 6172 6973 6f6e 2e20 2046 6f72 2074 6865 arison. For the\n-0001f920: 7365 2070 7572 706f 7365 7320 616e 2065 se purposes an e\n-0001f930: 6d70 7479 2073 7472 696e 6720 2877 6869 mpty string (whi\n-0001f940: 6368 0a63 616e 206f 6e6c 7920 6f63 6375 ch.can only occu\n-0001f950: 7220 6174 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 r at the end of \n-0001f960: 6f6e 6520 6f72 2062 6f74 6820 7665 7273 one or both vers\n-0001f970: 696f 6e20 7374 7269 6e67 7320 6265 696e ion strings bein\n-0001f980: 6720 636f 6d70 6172 6564 290a 636f 756e g compared).coun\n-0001f990: 7473 2061 7320 7a65 726f 2e0a 0a54 6865 ts as zero...The\n-0001f9a0: 7365 2074 776f 2073 7465 7073 2028 636f se two steps (co\n-0001f9b0: 6d70 6172 696e 6720 616e 6420 7265 6d6f mparing and remo\n-0001f9c0: 7669 6e67 2069 6e69 7469 616c 206e 6f6e ving initial non\n-0001f9d0: 2d64 6967 6974 2073 7472 696e 6773 2061 -digit strings a\n-0001f9e0: 6e64 0a69 6e69 7469 616c 2064 6967 6974 nd.initial digit\n-0001f9f0: 2073 7472 696e 6773 2920 6172 6520 7265 strings) are re\n-0001fa00: 7065 6174 6564 2075 6e74 696c 2061 2064 peated until a d\n-0001fa10: 6966 6665 7265 6e63 6520 6973 2066 6f75 ifference is fou\n-0001fa20: 6e64 206f 7220 626f 7468 0a73 7472 696e nd or both.strin\n-0001fa30: 6773 2061 7265 2065 7868 6175 7374 6564 gs are exhausted\n-0001fa40: 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4570 ...* Menu:..* Ep\n-0001fa50: 6f63 6873 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2075 ochs should be u\n-0001fa60: 7365 6420 7370 6172 696e 676c 793a 3a0a sed sparingly::.\n-0001fa70: 2a20 5370 6563 6961 6c20 7665 7273 696f * Special versio\n-0001fa80: 6e20 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 733a 3a0a n conventions::.\n-0001fa90: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n-0001faa0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n-0001fab0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 416c 7068 ---.. (1) Alph\n-0001fac0: 616e 756d 6572 6963 7320 6172 6520 e280 anumerics are ..\n-0001fad0: 9841 2d5a 612d 7a30 2d39 e280 9920 6f6e .A-Za-z0-9... on\n-0001fae0: 6c79 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 4f6e 6520 ly... (2) One \n-0001faf0: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2075 7365 206f 6620 e280 common use of ..\n-0001fb00: 987e e280 9920 6973 2066 6f72 2075 7073 .~... is for ups\n-0001fb10: 7472 6561 6d20 7072 652d 7265 6c65 6173 tream pre-releas\n-0001fb20: 6573 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 es. For example\n-0001fb30: 2c0a e280 9831 2e30 7e62 6574 6131 7e73 ,....1.0~beta1~s\n-0001fb40: 766e 3132 3435 e280 9920 736f 7274 7320 vn1245... sorts \n-0001fb50: 6561 726c 6965 7220 7468 616e 20e2 8098 earlier than ...\n-0001fb60: 312e 307e 6265 7461 31e2 8099 2c20 7768 1.0~beta1..., wh\n-0001fb70: 6963 6820 736f 7274 7320 6561 726c 6965 ich sorts earlie\n-0001fb80: 720a 7468 616e 20e2 8098 312e 30e2 8099 r.than ...1.0...\n-0001fb90: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 .....File: debia\n-0001fba0: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 n-policy.info, \n-0001fbb0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4570 6f63 6873 2073 686f Node: Epochs sho\n-0001fbc0: 756c 6420 6265 2075 7365 6420 7370 6172 uld be used spar\n-0001fbd0: 696e 676c 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5370 ingly, Next: Sp\n-0001fbe0: 6563 6961 6c20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 636f ecial version co\n-0001fbf0: 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 5570 3a20 nventions, Up: \n-0001fc00: 5665 7273 696f 6e0a 0a34 2e36 2e31 322e Version..4.6.12.\n-0001fc10: 3120 4570 6f63 6873 2073 686f 756c 6420 1 Epochs should \n-0001fc20: 6265 2075 7365 6420 7370 6172 696e 676c be used sparingl\n-0001fc30: 790a 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e y...............\n-0001fc40: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n-0001fc50: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 0a0a 4e6f 7465 ............Note\n-0001fc60: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 7075 7270 6f73 that the purpos\n-0001fc70: 6520 6f66 2065 706f 6368 7320 6973 2074 e of epochs is t\n-0001fc80: 6f20 636f 7065 2077 6974 6820 7369 7475 o cope with situ\n-0001fc90: 6174 696f 6e73 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 ations where the\n-0001fca0: 0a75 7073 7472 6561 6d20 7665 7273 696f .upstream versio\n-0001fcb0: 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 696e 6720 7363 6865 n numbering sche\n-0001fcc0: 6d65 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2061 6e64 2074 me changes and t\n-0001fcd0: 6f20 616c 6c6f 7720 7573 2074 6f20 6c65 o allow us to le\n-0001fce0: 6176 650a 6265 6869 6e64 2073 6572 696f ave.behind serio\n-0001fcf0: 7573 206d 6973 7461 6b65 732e 2020 4966 us mistakes. If\n-0001fd00: 2079 6f75 2074 6869 6e6b 2074 6861 7420 you think that \n-0001fd10: 696e 6372 6561 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2065 increasing the e\n-0001fd20: 706f 6368 2069 7320 7468 650a 7269 6768 poch is the.righ\n-0001fd30: 7420 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 2c20 796f 7520 t solution, you \n-0001fd40: 7368 6f75 6c64 2063 6f6e 7375 6c74 2064 should consult d\n-0001fd50: 6562 6961 6e2d 6465 7665 6c20 616e 6420 ebian-devel and \n-0001fd60: 6765 7420 636f 6e73 656e 7375 7320 6265 get consensus be\n-0001fd70: 666f 7265 0a64 6f69 6e67 2073 6f20 2865 fore.doing so (e\n-0001fd80: 7665 6e20 696e 2065 7870 6572 696d 656e ven in experimen\n-0001fd90: 7461 6c29 2e0a 0a45 706f 6368 7320 7368 tal)...Epochs sh\n-0001fda0: 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2062 6520 7573 6564 ould not be used\n-0001fdb0: 2077 6865 6e20 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 when a package \n-0001fdc0: 6e65 6564 7320 746f 2062 6520 726f 6c6c needs to be roll\n-0001fdd0: 6564 2062 6163 6b2e 2020 496e 0a74 6861 ed back. In.tha\n-0001fde0: 7420 6361 7365 2c20 7573 6520 7468 6520 t case, use the \n-0001fdf0: e280 982b 7265 616c 6c79 e280 9920 636f ...+really... co\n-0001fe00: 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 3a20 666f 7220 6578 nvention: for ex\n-0001fe10: 616d 706c 652c 2069 6620 796f 7520 7570 ample, if you up\n-0001fe20: 6c6f 6164 6564 0ae2 8098 322e 332d 33e2 loaded....2.3-3.\n-0001fe30: 8099 2061 6e64 206e 6f77 2079 6f75 206e .. and now you n\n-0001fe40: 6565 6420 746f 2067 6f20 6261 636b 7761 eed to go backwa\n-0001fe50: 7264 7320 746f 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 rds to upstream \n-0001fe60: 322e 322c 2063 616c 6c20 796f 7572 0a72 2.2, call your.r\n-0001fe70: 6576 6572 7469 6e67 2075 706c 6f61 6420 everting upload \n-0001fe80: 736f 6d65 7468 696e 6720 6c69 6b65 20e2 something like .\n-0001fe90: 8098 322e 332b 7265 616c 6c79 322e 322d ..2.3+really2.2-\n-0001fea0: 31e2 8099 2e20 2045 7665 6e74 7561 6c6c 1.... Eventuall\n-0001feb0: 792c 2077 6865 6e20 7765 0a75 706c 6f61 y, when we.uploa\n-0001fec0: 6420 7570 7374 7265 616d 2032 2e34 2c20 d upstream 2.4, \n-0001fed0: 7468 6520 e280 982b 7265 616c 6c79 e280 the ...+really..\n-0001fee0: 9920 7061 7274 2063 616e 2067 6f20 6177 . part can go aw\n-0001fef0: 6179 2e0a 0a45 706f 6368 7320 6172 6520 ay...Epochs are \n-0001ff00: 616c 736f 206e 6f74 2069 6e74 656e 6465 also not intende\n-0001ff10: 6420 746f 2063 6f70 6520 7769 7468 2076 d to cope with v\n-0001ff20: 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7273 2063 ersion numbers c\n-0001ff30: 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 670a 7374 7269 6e67 ontaining.string\n-0001ff40: 7320 6f66 206c 6574 7465 7273 2077 6869 s of letters whi\n-0001ff50: 6368 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d ch the package m\n-0001ff60: 616e 6167 656d 656e 7420 7379 7374 656d anagement system\n-0001ff70: 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 696e 7465 7270 7265 cannot interpre\n-0001ff80: 740a 2873 7563 6820 6173 20e2 8098 414c t.(such as ...AL\n-0001ff90: 5048 41e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9870 7265 PHA... or ...pre\n-0001ffa0: 2de2 8099 292c 206f 7220 7769 7468 2073 -...), or with s\n-0001ffb0: 696c 6c79 206f 7264 6572 696e 6773 2e20 illy orderings. \n-0001ffc0: 2028 3129 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d (1).. -------\n-0001ffd0: 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d --- Footnotes --\n-0001ffe0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 --------.. (1)\n-0001fff0: 2054 6865 2061 7574 686f 7220 6f66 2074 The author of t\n-00020000: 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 2068 6173 2068 his manual has h\n-00020010: 6561 7264 206f 6620 6120 7061 636b 6167 eard of a packag\n-00020020: 6520 7768 6f73 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e73 e whose versions\n-00020030: 0a77 656e 7420 e280 9831 2e31 e280 992c .went ...1.1...,\n-00020040: 20e2 8098 312e 32e2 8099 2c20 e280 9831 ...1.2..., ...1\n-00020050: 2e33 e280 992c 20e2 8098 31e2 8099 2c20 .3..., ...1..., \n-00020060: e280 9832 2e31 e280 992c 20e2 8098 322e ...2.1..., ...2.\n-00020070: 32e2 8099 2c20 e280 9832 e280 9920 616e 2..., ...2... an\n-00020080: 6420 736f 2066 6f72 7468 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 d so forth.....F\n-00020090: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-000200a0: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-000200b0: 5370 6563 6961 6c20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 Special version \n-000200c0: 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 5072 conventions, Pr\n-000200d0: 6576 3a20 4570 6f63 6873 2073 686f 756c ev: Epochs shoul\n-000200e0: 6420 6265 2075 7365 6420 7370 6172 696e d be used sparin\n-000200f0: 676c 792c 2020 5570 3a20 5665 7273 696f gly, Up: Versio\n-00020100: 6e0a 0a34 2e36 2e31 322e 3220 5370 6563 n..4.6.12.2 Spec\n-00020110: 6961 6c20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 636f 6e76 ial version conv\n-00020120: 656e 7469 6f6e 730a 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e entions.........\n-00020130: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n-00020140: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 0a0a 5468 ..............Th\n-00020150: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7370 6563 e following spec\n-00020160: 6961 6c20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 ial version numb\n-00020170: 6572 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e ering convention\n-00020180: 7320 6172 6520 7573 6564 2069 6e20 7468 s are used in th\n-00020190: 650a 4465 6269 616e 2061 7263 6869 7665 e.Debian archive\n-000201a0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2d20 5468 6520 6162 7365 :.. - The abse\n-000201b0: 6e63 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e nce of ...debian\n-000201c0: 5f72 6576 6973 696f 6ee2 8099 2c20 616e _revision..., an\n-000201d0: 6420 7468 6572 6566 6f72 6520 6f66 2061 d therefore of a\n-000201e0: 2068 7970 6865 6e20 696e 2074 6865 0a20 hyphen in the. \n-000201f0: 2020 2020 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 version numb\n-00020200: 6572 2c20 696e 6469 6361 7465 7320 7468 er, indicates th\n-00020210: 6174 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 at the package i\n-00020220: 7320 6e61 7469 7665 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 s native... - \n-00020230: 5468 6520 7072 6573 656e 6365 206f 6620 The presence of \n-00020240: e280 982b 7265 616c 6c79 e280 9920 696e ...+really... in\n-00020250: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7570 7374 7265 616d the ...upstream\n-00020260: 5f76 6572 7369 6f6e e280 9920 636f 6d70 _version... comp\n-00020270: 6f6e 656e 740a 2020 2020 2069 6e64 6963 onent. indic\n-00020280: 6174 6573 2074 6861 7420 6120 6e65 7765 ates that a newe\n-00020290: 7220 7570 7374 7265 616d 2076 6572 7369 r upstream versi\n-000202a0: 6f6e 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 726f 6c6c on has been roll\n-000202b0: 6564 2062 6163 6b20 746f 2061 6e0a 2020 ed back to an. \n-000202c0: 2020 206f 6c64 6572 2075 7073 7472 6561 older upstrea\n-000202d0: 6d20 7665 7273 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 6520 m version. 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The\n-00021c90: 206c 6561 6469 6e67 2073 7061 6365 2077 leading space w\n-00021ca0: 696c 6c20 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6265 2073 ill usually be s\n-00021cb0: 7472 6970 7065 6420 6f66 662e 2020 5468 tripped off. Th\n-00021cc0: 6520 6c69 6e65 206d 7573 740a 2020 2020 e line must. \n-00021cd0: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2061 7420 6c65 6173 contain at leas\n-00021ce0: 7420 6f6e 6520 6e6f 6e2d 7768 6974 6573 t one non-whites\n-00021cf0: 7061 6365 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 2e0a pace character..\n-00021d00: 0a20 2020 2d20 5468 6f73 6520 7374 6172 . - Those star\n-00021d10: 7469 6e67 2077 6974 6820 7477 6f20 6f72 ting with two or\n-00021d20: 206d 6f72 6520 7370 6163 6573 2e20 2054 more spaces. T\n-00021d30: 6865 7365 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2064 6973 hese will be dis\n-00021d40: 706c 6179 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7665 7262 played. verb\n-00021d50: 6174 696d 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 6469 atim. 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None, one o\n-00021e40: 7220 7477 6f20 696e 6974 6961 6c20 7370 r two initial sp\n-00021e50: 6163 6573 206d 6179 2062 6520 6465 6c65 aces may be dele\n-00021e60: 7465 642c 0a20 2020 2020 6275 7420 7468 ted,. but th\n-00021e70: 6520 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7370 6163 e number of spac\n-00021e80: 6573 2064 656c 6574 6564 2066 726f 6d20 es deleted from \n-00021e90: 6561 6368 206c 696e 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 each line will b\n-00021ea0: 6520 7468 6520 7361 6d65 0a20 2020 2020 e the same. \n-00021eb0: 2873 6f20 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2063 616e (so that you can\n-00021ec0: 2068 6176 6520 696e 6465 6e74 696e 6720 have indenting \n-00021ed0: 776f 726b 2063 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 2c20 work correctly, \n-00021ee0: 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c 6529 2e20 2054 for example). T\n-00021ef0: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6c69 6e65 206d 7573 he. line mus\n-00021f00: 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 6174 206c 6561 t contain at lea\n-00021f10: 7374 206f 6e65 206e 6f6e 2d77 6869 7465 st one non-white\n-00021f20: 7370 6163 6520 6368 6172 6163 7465 722e space character.\n-00021f30: 0a0a 2020 202d 2054 686f 7365 2063 6f6e .. - Those con\n-00021f40: 7461 696e 696e 6720 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 taining a single\n-00021f50: 2073 7061 6365 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 space followed \n-00021f60: 6279 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 6675 6c6c by a single full\n-00021f70: 2073 746f 700a 2020 2020 2063 6861 7261 stop. chara\n-00021f80: 6374 6572 2e20 2054 6865 7365 2061 7265 cter. These are\n-00021f90: 2072 656e 6465 7265 6420 6173 2062 6c61 rendered as bla\n-00021fa0: 6e6b 206c 696e 6573 2e20 2054 6869 7320 nk lines. This \n-00021fb0: 6973 2074 6865 2027 6f6e 6c79 270a 2020 is the 'only'. \n-00021fc0: 2020 2077 6179 2074 6f20 6765 7420 6120 way to get a \n-00021fd0: 626c 616e 6b20 6c69 6e65 2e20 2028 3129 blank line. (1)\n-00021fe0: 0a0a 2020 202d 2054 686f 7365 2063 6f6e .. - Those con\n-00021ff0: 7461 696e 696e 6720 6120 7370 6163 652c taining a space,\n-00022000: 2061 2066 756c 6c20 7374 6f70 2061 6e64 a full stop and\n-00022010: 2073 6f6d 6520 6d6f 7265 2063 6861 7261 some more chara\n-00022020: 6374 6572 732e 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6573 cters.. Thes\n-00022030: 6520 6172 6520 666f 7220 6675 7475 7265 e are for future\n-00022040: 2065 7870 616e 7369 6f6e 2e20 2044 6f20 expansion. Do \n-00022050: 6e6f 7420 7573 6520 7468 656d 2e0a 0a44 not use them...D\n-00022060: 6f20 6e6f 7420 7573 6520 7461 6220 6368 o not use tab ch\n-00022070: 6172 6163 7465 7273 2e20 2054 6865 6972 aracters. Their\n-00022080: 2065 6666 6563 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2070 effect is not p\n-00022090: 7265 6469 6374 6162 6c65 2e0a 0a53 6565 redictable...See\n-000220a0: 202a 6e6f 7465 2054 6865 2064 6573 6372 *note The descr\n-000220b0: 6970 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 6120 7061 636b iption of a pack\n-000220c0: 6167 653a 2033 342e 2066 6f72 2066 7572 age: 34. for fur\n-000220d0: 7468 6572 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e ther information\n-000220e0: 206f 6e0a 7468 6973 2e0a 0a49 6e20 6120 on.this...In a \n-000220f0: e280 982e 6368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 2066 ....changes... f\n-00022100: 696c 652c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 4465 7363 ile, the ...Desc\n-00022110: 7269 7074 696f 6ee2 8099 2066 6965 6c64 ription... field\n-00022120: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 6120 7375 6d6d contains a summ\n-00022130: 6172 7920 6f66 2074 6865 0a64 6573 6372 ary of the.descr\n-00022140: 6970 7469 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2062 iptions of the b\n-00022150: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2062 inary packages b\n-00022160: 6569 6e67 2075 706c 6f61 6465 642e 2020 eing uploaded. \n-00022170: 4966 206e 6f20 6269 6e61 7279 0a70 6163 If no binary.pac\n-00022180: 6b61 6765 7320 6172 6520 6265 696e 6720 kages are being \n-00022190: 7570 6c6f 6164 6564 2c20 7468 6973 2066 uploaded, this f\n-000221a0: 6965 6c64 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 6265 ield will not be\n-000221b0: 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2e0a 0a57 6865 6e20 present...When \n-000221c0: 7573 6564 2069 6e73 6964 6520 6120 e280 used inside a ..\n-000221d0: 982e 6368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 2066 696c ..changes... fil\n-000221e0: 652c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 4465 7363 7269 e, the ...Descri\n-000221f0: 7074 696f 6ee2 8099 2066 6965 6c64 2068 ption... field h\n-00022200: 6173 2061 0a64 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2066 as a.different f\n-00022210: 6f72 6d61 7420 7468 616e 2069 6e20 736f ormat than in so\n-00022220: 7572 6365 206f 7220 6269 6e61 7279 2063 urce or binary c\n-00022230: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 2e20 2049 ontrol files. I\n-00022240: 7420 6973 2061 0a6d 756c 7469 6c69 6e65 t is a.multiline\n-00022250: 2066 6965 6c64 2077 6974 6820 6f6e 6520 field with one \n-00022260: 6c69 6e65 2070 6572 2062 696e 6172 7920 line per binary \n-00022270: 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 5468 6520 6669 package. The fi\n-00022280: 7273 7420 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 7468 650a rst line of the.\n-00022290: 6669 656c 6420 7661 6c75 6520 2874 6865 field value (the\n-000222a0: 2070 6172 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 616d part on the sam\n-000222b0: 6520 6c69 6e65 2061 7320 e280 9844 6573 e line as ...Des\n-000222c0: 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 3ae2 8099 2920 6973 cription:...) is\n-000222d0: 2061 6c77 6179 730a 656d 7074 792e 2020 always.empty. \n-000222e0: 4561 6368 2073 7562 7365 7175 656e 7420 Each subsequent \n-000222f0: 6c69 6e65 2069 7320 696e 6465 6e74 6564 line is indented\n-00022300: 2062 7920 6f6e 6520 7370 6163 6520 616e by one space an\n-00022310: 6420 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 6865 0a6e d contains the.n\n-00022320: 616d 6520 6f66 2061 2062 696e 6172 7920 ame of a binary \n-00022330: 7061 636b 6167 652c 2061 2073 7061 6365 package, a space\n-00022340: 2c20 6120 6879 7068 656e 2028 e280 982d , a hyphen (...-\n-00022350: e280 9929 2c20 6120 7370 6163 652c 2061 ...), a space, a\n-00022360: 6e64 2074 6865 0a73 686f 7274 2064 6573 nd the.short des\n-00022370: 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 206c 696e 6520 6672 cription line fr\n-00022380: 6f6d 2074 6861 7420 7061 636b 6167 652e om that package.\n-00022390: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n-000223a0: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n-000223b0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2043 6f6d ----.. 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The synt\n-00022ca0: 6178 206f 6620 7468 6520 6669 656c 6420 ax of the field \n-00022cb0: 7661 6c75 6520 6973 2074 6865 2073 616d value is the sam\n-00022cc0: 6520 6173 2074 6861 7420 6f66 2061 202a e as that of a *\n-00022cd0: 6e6f 7465 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2076 6572 note.package ver\n-00022ce0: 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 723a 2032 612e sion number: 2a.\n-00022cf0: 2065 7863 6570 7420 7468 6174 206e 6f20 except that no \n-00022d00: 6570 6f63 6820 6f72 2044 6562 6961 6e20 epoch or Debian \n-00022d10: 7265 7669 7369 6f6e 2069 730a 616c 6c6f revision is.allo\n-00022d20: 7765 642e 2020 5468 6520 666f 726d 6174 wed. The format\n-00022d30: 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 2069 6e20 7468 described in th\n-00022d40: 6973 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 6973 2031 is document is 1\n-00022d50: 2e38 2e0a 0a49 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 2e64 .8...In *note .d\n-00022d60: 7363 2044 6562 6961 6e20 736f 7572 6365 sc Debian source\n-00022d70: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 3a20 3463 2e20 6669 control: 4c. fi\n-00022d80: 6c65 732c 2074 6869 7320 6669 656c 6420 les, this field \n-00022d90: 6465 636c 6172 6573 2074 6865 0a66 6f72 declares the.for\n-00022da0: 6d61 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 mat of the sourc\n-00022db0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 5468 6520 e package. The \n-00022dc0: 6669 656c 6420 7661 6c75 6520 6973 2075 field value is u\n-00022dd0: 7365 6420 6279 2070 726f 6772 616d 730a sed by programs.\n-00022de0: 6163 7469 6e67 206f 6e20 6120 736f 7572 acting on a sour\n-00022df0: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6f20 696e ce package to in\n-00022e00: 7465 7270 7265 7420 7468 6520 6c69 7374 terpret the list\n-00022e10: 206f 6620 6669 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 of files in the\n-00022e20: 2073 6f75 7263 650a 7061 636b 6167 6520 source.package \n-00022e30: 616e 6420 6465 7465 726d 696e 6520 686f and determine ho\n-00022e40: 7720 746f 2075 6e70 6163 6b20 6974 2e20 w to unpack it. \n-00022e50: 2054 6865 2073 796e 7461 7820 6f66 2074 The syntax of t\n-00022e60: 6865 2066 6965 6c64 2076 616c 7565 0a69 he field value.i\n-00022e70: 7320 6120 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 6d61 6a6f s a numeric majo\n-00022e80: 7220 7265 7669 7369 6f6e 2c20 6120 7065 r revision, a pe\n-00022e90: 7269 6f64 2c20 6120 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 riod, a numeric \n-00022ea0: 6d69 6e6f 7220 7265 7669 7369 6f6e 2c20 minor revision, \n-00022eb0: 616e 640a 7468 656e 2061 6e20 6f70 7469 and.then an opti\n-00022ec0: 6f6e 616c 2073 7562 7479 7065 2061 6674 onal subtype aft\n-00022ed0: 6572 2077 6869 7465 7370 6163 652c 2077 er whitespace, w\n-00022ee0: 6869 6368 2069 6620 7370 6563 6966 6965 hich if specifie\n-00022ef0: 6420 6973 2061 6e0a 616c 7068 616e 756d d is an.alphanum\n-00022f00: 6572 6963 2077 6f72 6420 696e 2070 6172 eric word in par\n-00022f10: 656e 7468 6573 6573 2e20 2054 6865 2073 entheses. The s\n-00022f20: 7562 7479 7065 2069 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e ubtype is option\n-00022f30: 616c 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7379 6e74 6178 al in the syntax\n-00022f40: 0a62 7574 206d 6179 2062 6520 6d61 6e64 .but may be mand\n-00022f50: 6174 6f72 7920 666f 7220 7061 7274 6963 atory for partic\n-00022f60: 756c 6172 2073 6f75 7263 6520 666f 726d ular source form\n-00022f70: 6174 2072 6576 6973 696f 6e73 2e20 2028 at revisions. (\n-00022f80: 3129 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 1).. ---------\n-00022f90: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n-00022fa0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 ------.. (1) T\n-00022fb0: 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 666f 726d 6174 he source format\n-00022fc0: 7320 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 7375 7070 s currently supp\n-00022fd0: 6f72 7465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2044 6562 orted by the Deb\n-00022fe0: 6961 6e20 6172 6368 6976 650a 736f 6674 ian archive.soft\n-00022ff0: 7761 7265 2061 7265 20e2 8098 312e 30e2 ware are ...1.0.\n-00023000: 8099 2c20 e280 9833 2e30 2028 6e61 7469 .., ...3.0 (nati\n-00023010: 7665 29e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9833 ve)..., and ...3\n-00023020: 2e30 2028 7175 696c 7429 e280 992e 0a0a .0 (quilt)......\n-00023030: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n-00023040: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n-00023050: 653a 2055 7267 656e 6379 2c20 204e 6578 e: Urgency, Nex\n-00023060: 743a 2043 6861 6e67 6573 2c20 2050 7265 t: Changes, Pre\n-00023070: 763a 2046 6f72 6d61 742c 2020 5570 3a20 v: Format, Up: \n-00023080: 4c69 7374 206f 6620 6669 656c 6473 0a0a List of fields..\n-00023090: 342e 362e 3137 20e2 8098 5572 6765 6e63 4.6.17 ...Urgenc\n-000230a0: 79e2 8099 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d y....-----------\n-000230b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 6973 2061 -----..This is a\n-000230c0: 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 description of \n-000230d0: 686f 7720 696d 706f 7274 616e 7420 6974 how important it\n-000230e0: 2069 7320 746f 2075 7067 7261 6465 2074 is to upgrade t\n-000230f0: 6f20 7468 6973 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 0a66 o this version.f\n-00023100: 726f 6d20 7072 6576 696f 7573 206f 6e65 rom previous one\n-00023110: 732e 2020 4974 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 7320 s. It consists \n-00023120: 6f66 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 6b65 7977 of a single keyw\n-00023130: 6f72 6420 7461 6b69 6e67 206f 6e65 206f ord taking one o\n-00023140: 6620 7468 650a 7661 6c75 6573 20e2 8098 f the.values ...\n-00023150: 6c6f 77e2 8099 2c20 e280 986d 6564 6975 low..., ...mediu\n-00023160: 6de2 8099 2c20 e280 9868 6967 68e2 8099 m..., ...high...\n-00023170: 2c20 e280 9865 6d65 7267 656e 6379 e280 , ...emergency..\n-00023180: 992c 206f 7220 e280 9863 7269 7469 6361 ., or ...critica\n-00023190: 6ce2 8099 2028 3129 2028 6e6f 740a 6361 l... (1) (not.ca\n-000231a0: 7365 2d73 656e 7369 7469 7665 2920 666f se-sensitive) fo\n-000231b0: 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 7920 616e 206f 7074 llowed by an opt\n-000231c0: 696f 6e61 6c20 636f 6d6d 656e 7461 7279 ional commentary\n-000231d0: 2028 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2061 (separated by a\n-000231e0: 0a73 7061 6365 2920 7768 6963 6820 6973 .space) which is\n-000231f0: 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2069 6e20 7061 7265 usually in pare\n-00023200: 6e74 6865 7365 732e 2020 466f 7220 6578 ntheses. For ex\n-00023210: 616d 706c 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2055 7267 ample:.. Urg\n-00023220: 656e 6379 3a20 6c6f 7720 2848 4947 4820 ency: low (HIGH \n-00023230: 666f 7220 7573 6572 7320 6f66 2064 6976 for users of div\n-00023240: 6572 7369 6f6e 7329 0a0a 5468 6520 7661 ersions)..The va\n-00023250: 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 6669 656c lue of this fiel\n-00023260: 6420 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2065 7874 d is usually ext\n-00023270: 7261 6374 6564 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 racted from the \n-00023280: e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 6368 616e 6765 ...debian/change\n-00023290: 6c6f 67e2 8099 0a66 696c 6520 2d20 7365 log....file - se\n-000232a0: 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 4465 6269 616e 2063 e *note Debian c\n-000232b0: 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 3b20 6465 6269 616e hangelog; debian\n-000232c0: 2f63 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 3a20 3536 2e0a /changelog: 56..\n-000232d0: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n-000232e0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n-000232f0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 4f74 6865 ---.. 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T\n-00023370: 6865 2075 7267 656e 6379 2061 6666 6563 he urgency affec\n-00023380: 7473 0a68 6f77 2071 7569 636b 6c79 2061 ts.how quickly a\n-00023390: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 696c 6c20 6265 package will be\n-000233a0: 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 666f 7220 considered for \n-000233b0: 696e 636c 7573 696f 6e20 696e 746f 2074 inclusion into t\n-000233c0: 6865 0ae2 8098 7465 7374 696e 67e2 8099 he....testing...\n-000233d0: 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e20 616e distribution an\n-000233e0: 6420 6769 7665 7320 616e 2069 6e64 6963 d gives an indic\n-000233f0: 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2069 6d70 ation of the imp\n-00023400: 6f72 7461 6e63 6520 6f66 2061 6e79 0a66 ortance of any.f\n-00023410: 6978 6573 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e ixes included in\n-00023420: 2074 6865 2075 706c 6f61 642e 2020 e280 the upload. ..\n-00023430: 9845 6d65 7267 656e 6379 e280 9920 616e .Emergency... an\n-00023440: 6420 e280 9863 7269 7469 6361 6ce2 8099 d ...critical...\n-00023450: 2061 7265 2074 7265 6174 6564 2061 730a are treated as.\n-00023460: 7379 6e6f 6e79 6d6f 7573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 synonymous.....F\n-00023470: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-00023480: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-00023490: 4368 616e 6765 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 Changes, Next: \n-000234a0: 4269 6e61 7279 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2055 Binary, Prev: U\n-000234b0: 7267 656e 6379 2c20 2055 703a 204c 6973 rgency, Up: Lis\n-000234c0: 7420 6f66 2066 6965 6c64 730a 0a34 2e36 t of fields..4.6\n-000234d0: 2e31 3820 e280 9843 6861 6e67 6573 e280 .18 ...Changes..\n-000234e0: 990a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ..--------------\n-000234f0: 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 206d 756c 7469 6c69 --..This multili\n-00023500: 6e65 2066 6965 6c64 2063 6f6e 7461 696e ne field contain\n-00023510: 7320 7468 6520 6875 6d61 6e2d 7265 6164 s the human-read\n-00023520: 6162 6c65 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2064 6174 able changes dat\n-00023530: 612c 0a64 6573 6372 6962 696e 6720 7468 a,.describing th\n-00023540: 6520 6469 6666 6572 656e 6365 7320 6265 e differences be\n-00023550: 7477 6565 6e20 7468 6520 6c61 7374 2076 tween the last v\n-00023560: 6572 7369 6f6e 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2063 ersion and the c\n-00023570: 7572 7265 6e74 206f 6e65 2e0a 0a54 6865 urrent one...The\n-00023580: 2066 6972 7374 206c 696e 6520 6f66 2074 first line of t\n-00023590: 6865 2066 6965 6c64 2076 616c 7565 2028 he field value (\n-000235a0: 7468 6520 7061 7274 206f 6e20 7468 6520 the part on the \n-000235b0: 7361 6d65 206c 696e 6520 6173 0ae2 8098 same line as....\n-000235c0: 4368 616e 6765 733a e280 9929 2069 7320 Changes:...) is \n-000235d0: 616c 7761 7973 2065 6d70 7479 2e20 2054 always empty. T\n-000235e0: 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 206f 6620 7468 he content of th\n-000235f0: 6520 6669 656c 6420 6973 2065 7870 7265 e field is expre\n-00023600: 7373 6564 2061 730a 636f 6e74 696e 7561 ssed as.continua\n-00023610: 7469 6f6e 206c 696e 6573 2c20 7769 7468 tion lines, with\n-00023620: 2065 6163 6820 6c69 6e65 2069 6e64 656e each line inden\n-00023630: 7465 6420 6279 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 ted by at least \n-00023640: 6f6e 6520 7370 6163 652e 0a42 6c61 6e6b one space..Blank\n-00023650: 206c 696e 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 2072 lines must be r\n-00023660: 6570 7265 7365 6e74 6564 2062 7920 6120 epresented by a \n-00023670: 6c69 6e65 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 696e 6720 line consisting \n-00023680: 6f6e 6c79 206f 6620 6120 7370 6163 6520 only of a space \n-00023690: 616e 640a 6120 6675 6c6c 2073 746f 7020 and.a full stop \n-000236a0: 28e2 8098 2ee2 8099 292e 0a0a 5468 6520 (.......)...The \n-000236b0: 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2074 6869 7320 6669 value of this fi\n-000236c0: 656c 6420 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2065 eld is usually e\n-000236d0: 7874 7261 6374 6564 2066 726f 6d20 7468 xtracted from th\n-000236e0: 6520 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 6368 616e e ...debian/chan\n-000236f0: 6765 6c6f 67e2 8099 0a66 696c 6520 2d20 gelog....file - \n-00023700: 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 4465 6269 616e see *note Debian\n-00023710: 2063 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 3b20 6465 6269 changelog; debi\n-00023720: 616e 2f63 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 3a20 3536 an/changelog: 56\n-00023730: 2e0a 0a45 6163 6820 7665 7273 696f 6ee2 ...Each version.\n-00023740: 8099 7320 6368 616e 6765 2069 6e66 6f72 ..s change infor\n-00023750: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 mation should be\n-00023760: 2070 7265 6365 6465 6420 6279 2061 20e2 preceded by a .\n-00023770: 809c 7469 746c 65e2 809d 206c 696e 650a ..title... line.\n-00023780: 6769 7669 6e67 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 giving at least \n-00023790: 7468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e2c 2064 6973 the version, dis\n-000237a0: 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e28 7329 2061 6e64 tribution(s) and\n-000237b0: 2075 7267 656e 6379 2c20 696e 2061 0a68 urgency, in a.h\n-000237c0: 756d 616e 2d72 6561 6461 626c 6520 7761 uman-readable wa\n-000237d0: 792e 0a0a 4966 2064 6174 6120 6672 6f6d y...If data from\n-000237e0: 2073 6576 6572 616c 2076 6572 7369 6f6e several version\n-000237f0: 7320 6973 2062 6569 6e67 2072 6574 7572 s is being retur\n-00023800: 6e65 6420 7468 6520 656e 7472 7920 666f ned the entry fo\n-00023810: 7220 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 0a72 6563 656e r the most.recen\n-00023820: 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 7368 6f75 6c64 t version should\n-00023830: 2062 6520 7265 7475 726e 6564 2066 6972 be returned fir\n-00023840: 7374 2c20 616e 6420 656e 7472 6965 7320 st, and entries \n-00023850: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7365 7061 7261 should be separa\n-00023860: 7465 640a 6279 2074 6865 2072 6570 7265 ted.by the repre\n-00023870: 7365 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 2062 sentation of a b\n-00023880: 6c61 6e6b 206c 696e 6520 2874 6865 20e2 lank line (the .\n-00023890: 809c 7469 746c 65e2 809d 206c 696e 6520 ..title... line \n-000238a0: 6d61 7920 616c 736f 2062 650a 666f 6c6c may also be.foll\n-000238b0: 6f77 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 7265 7072 owed by the repr\n-000238c0: 6573 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 6120 esentation of a \n-000238d0: 626c 616e 6b20 6c69 6e65 292e 0a0a 1f0a blank line).....\n-000238e0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-000238f0: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-00023900: 2042 696e 6172 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 Binary, Next: \n-00023910: 496e 7374 616c 6c65 642d 5369 7a65 2c20 Installed-Size, \n-00023920: 2050 7265 763a 2043 6861 6e67 6573 2c20 Prev: Changes, \n-00023930: 2055 703a 204c 6973 7420 6f66 2066 6965 Up: List of fie\n-00023940: 6c64 730a 0a34 2e36 2e31 3920 e280 9842 lds..4.6.19 ...B\n-00023950: 696e 6172 79e2 8099 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d inary....-------\n-00023960: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2066 --------..This f\n-00023970: 6f6c 6465 6420 6669 656c 6420 6973 2061 olded field is a\n-00023980: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2062 696e 6172 7920 list of binary \n-00023990: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e20 2049 7473 2073 packages. Its s\n-000239a0: 796e 7461 7820 616e 6420 6d65 616e 696e yntax and meanin\n-000239b0: 670a 7661 7269 6573 2064 6570 656e 6469 g.varies dependi\n-000239c0: 6e67 206f 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6e74 726f ng on the contro\n-000239d0: 6c20 6669 6c65 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 l file in which \n-000239e0: 6974 2061 7070 6561 7273 2e0a 0a57 6865 it appears...Whe\n-000239f0: 6e20 6974 2061 7070 6561 7273 2069 6e20 n it appears in \n-00023a00: 7468 6520 e280 982e 6473 63e2 8099 2066 the ....dsc... f\n-00023a10: 696c 652c 2069 7420 6c69 7374 7320 6269 ile, it lists bi\n-00023a20: 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7768 nary packages wh\n-00023a30: 6963 6820 610a 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 ich a.source pac\n-00023a40: 6b61 6765 2063 616e 2070 726f 6475 6365 kage can produce\n-00023a50: 2c20 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2063 , separated by c\n-00023a60: 6f6d 6d61 7320 2831 292e 2020 5468 6520 ommas (1). The \n-00023a70: 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a64 source package.d\n-00023a80: 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6e65 6365 7373 6172 oes not necessar\n-00023a90: 696c 7920 7072 6f64 7563 6520 616c 6c20 ily produce all \n-00023aa0: 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2062 696e 6172 7920 of these binary \n-00023ab0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2066 6f72 2065 7665 packages for eve\n-00023ac0: 7279 0a61 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 652e ry.architecture.\n-00023ad0: 2020 5468 6520 736f 7572 6365 2063 6f6e The source con\n-00023ae0: 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6520 646f 6573 6ee2 trol file doesn.\n-00023af0: 8099 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 6465 7461 ..t contain deta\n-00023b00: 696c 7320 6f66 2077 6869 6368 0a61 7263 ils of which.arc\n-00023b10: 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 2061 7265 2061 hitectures are a\n-00023b20: 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2066 6f72 2077 ppropriate for w\n-00023b30: 6869 6368 206f 6620 7468 6520 6269 6e61 hich of the bina\n-00023b40: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e 0a0a 5768 ry packages...Wh\n-00023b50: 656e 2069 7420 6170 7065 6172 7320 696e en it appears in\n-00023b60: 2061 20e2 8098 2e63 6861 6e67 6573 e280 a ....changes..\n-00023b70: 9920 6669 6c65 2c20 6974 206c 6973 7473 . file, it lists\n-00023b80: 2074 6865 206e 616d 6573 206f 6620 7468 the names of th\n-00023b90: 6520 6269 6e61 7279 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 e binary.package\n-00023ba0: 7320 6265 696e 6720 7570 6c6f 6164 6564 s being uploaded\n-00023bb0: 2c20 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 2077 , separated by w\n-00023bc0: 6869 7465 7370 6163 6520 286e 6f74 2063 hitespace (not c\n-00023bd0: 6f6d 6d61 7329 2e20 2049 6620 6e6f 0a62 ommas). If no.b\n-00023be0: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 inary packages a\n-00023bf0: 7265 2062 6569 6e67 2075 706c 6f61 6465 re being uploade\n-00023c00: 642c 2074 6869 7320 6669 656c 6420 7769 d, this field wi\n-00023c10: 6c6c 206e 6f74 2062 6520 7072 6573 656e ll not be presen\n-00023c20: 742e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d t... ---------\n-00023c30: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n-00023c40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2041 ------.. (1) A\n-00023c50: 2073 7061 6365 2061 6674 6572 2065 6163 space after eac\n-00023c60: 6820 636f 6d6d 6120 6973 2063 6f6e 7665 h comma is conve\n-00023c70: 6e74 696f 6e61 6c2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 ntional.....File\n-00023c80: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n-00023c90: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e73 info, Node: Ins\n-00023ca0: 7461 6c6c 6564 2d53 697a 652c 2020 4e65 talled-Size, Ne\n-00023cb0: 7874 3a20 4669 6c65 732c 2020 5072 6576 xt: Files, Prev\n-00023cc0: 3a20 4269 6e61 7279 2c20 2055 703a 204c : Binary, Up: L\n-00023cd0: 6973 7420 6f66 2066 6965 6c64 730a 0a34 ist of fields..4\n-00023ce0: 2e36 2e32 3020 e280 9849 6e73 7461 6c6c .6.20 ...Install\n-00023cf0: 6564 2d53 697a 65e2 8099 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d ed-Size....-----\n-00023d00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00023d10: 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2066 6965 6c64 2061 --..This field a\n-00023d20: 7070 6561 7273 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6269 ppears in the bi\n-00023d30: 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2063 6f6e nary package con\n-00023d40: 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 2c20 616e 6420 trol files, and \n-00023d50: 696e 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 5061 636b 6167 in the....Packag\n-00023d60: 6573 e280 9920 6669 6c65 732e 2020 4974 es... files. 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It \n-00027880: 6d75 7374 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 206f 6620 must consist of \n-00027890: 6174 206c 6561 7374 2032 0a20 2020 2020 at least 2. \n-000278a0: 2020 2020 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 732e characters.\n-000278b0: 0a0a 5468 6573 6520 6b65 7977 6f72 6473 ..These keywords\n-000278c0: 2064 6566 696e 6520 7768 6572 6520 7468 define where th\n-000278d0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6275 696c 6420 e package build \n-000278e0: 7363 7269 7074 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e script ...debian\n-000278f0: 2f72 756c 6573 e280 992c 206f 720a 7468 /rules..., or.th\n-00027900: 6520 746f 6f6c 7320 6361 6c6c 6564 2062 e tools called b\n-00027910: 7920 7468 6174 2073 6372 6970 742c 2077 y that script, w\n-00027920: 696c 6c20 6e65 6564 2061 6363 6573 7320 ill need access \n-00027930: 746f 2072 6f6f 7420 6f72 2066 616b 6572 to root or faker\n-00027940: 6f6f 742e 0a0a 496e 2061 6464 6974 696f oot...In additio\n-00027950: 6e20 746f 2074 6865 206b 6579 776f 7264 n to the keyword\n-00027960: 7320 6465 6669 6e65 6420 696e 2074 6865 s defined in the\n-00027970: 206e 6578 7420 7365 6374 696f 6e2c 2065 next section, e\n-00027980: 6163 6820 746f 6f6c 206f 720a 7061 636b ach tool or.pack\n-00027990: 6167 6520 6d61 7920 6465 6669 6e65 206b age may define k\n-000279a0: 6579 776f 7264 7320 7769 7468 696e 2061 eywords within a\n-000279b0: 206e 616d 6573 7061 6365 206e 616d 6564 namespace named\n-000279c0: 2061 6674 6572 2074 6861 7420 746f 6f6c after that tool\n-000279d0: 206f 720a 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 5468 or.package. Th\n-000279e0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6f72 2074 6f6f e package or too\n-000279f0: 6c20 6973 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 l is considered \n-00027a00: 746f 206f 776e 2074 6861 7420 6e61 6d65 to own that name\n-00027a10: 7370 6163 652e 0a0a 4120 746f 6f6c 2069 space...A tool i\n-00027a20: 7320 7065 726d 6974 7465 6420 746f 2075 s permitted to u\n-00027a30: 7365 2074 6865 20e2 809c 6761 696e 2072 se the ...gain r\n-00027a40: 6f6f 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 809d 2074 oot command... t\n-00027a50: 6f20 646f 2073 6f6d 6574 6869 6e67 2075 o do something u\n-00027a60: 6e64 6572 0a28 6661 6b65 2972 6f6f 7420 nder.(fake)root \n-00027a70: 6966 2061 6e64 206f 6e6c 7920 6966 2074 if and only if t\n-00027a80: 6865 2074 6f6f 6c20 6465 6669 6e65 7320 he tool defines \n-00027a90: 616e 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 206b an appropriate k\n-00027aa0: 6579 776f 7264 2069 6e20 6974 730a 6e61 eyword in its.na\n-00027ab0: 6d65 7370 6163 652c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 mespace, and the\n-00027ac0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206c 6973 7473 2074 package lists t\n-00027ad0: 6861 7420 6b65 7977 6f72 6420 696e 20e2 hat keyword in .\n-00027ae0: 8098 5275 6c65 732d 5265 7175 6972 6573 ..Rules-Requires\n-00027af0: 2d52 6f6f 74e2 8099 2e0a 0a41 6c6c 2074 -Root......All t\n-00027b00: 6f6f 6c73 206d 7573 7420 6967 6e6f 7265 ools must ignore\n-00027b10: 206b 6579 776f 7264 7320 756e 6465 7220 keywords under \n-00027b20: 6e61 6d65 7370 6163 6573 2074 6865 7920 namespaces they \n-00027b30: 646f 206e 6f74 206b 6e6f 7720 6f72 206f do not know or o\n-00027b40: 776e 2e0a 4120 746f 6f6c 206d 6179 2065 wn..A tool may e\n-00027b50: 6d69 7420 6120 7761 726e 696e 672c 206f mit a warning, o\n-00027b60: 7220 6162 6f72 7420 7769 7468 2061 6e20 r abort with an \n-00027b70: 6572 726f 722c 2069 6620 6974 2066 696e error, if it fin\n-00027b80: 6473 2075 6e6b 6e6f 776e 0a6b 6579 776f ds unknown.keywo\n-00027b90: 7264 7320 696e 206e 616d 6573 7061 6365 rds in namespace\n-00027ba0: 7320 6974 206f 776e 732c 2062 7574 2069 s it owns, but i\n-00027bb0: 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2072 6571 7569 7265 t is not require\n-00027bc0: 6420 746f 2064 6f20 7468 6973 2066 6f72 d to do this for\n-00027bd0: 0a61 6c6c 206b 6579 776f 7264 7320 696e .all keywords in\n-00027be0: 2074 6865 206e 616d 6573 7061 6365 2e0a the namespace..\n-00027bf0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n-00027c00: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n-00027c10: 6465 3a20 5072 6f76 6964 6564 206b 6579 de: Provided key\n-00027c20: 776f 7264 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4465 words, Prev: De\n-00027c30: 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 finition of the \n-00027c40: 6b65 7977 6f72 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2052 keywords, Up: R\n-00027c50: 756c 6573 2d52 6571 7569 7265 732d 526f ules-Requires-Ro\n-00027c60: 6f74 0a0a 342e 362e 3331 2e33 2050 726f ot..4.6.31.3 Pro\n-00027c70: 7669 6465 6420 6b65 7977 6f72 6473 0a2e vided keywords..\n-00027c80: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n-00027c90: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e0a 0a54 6865 2066 ...........The f\n-00027ca0: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 206b 6579 776f 7264 ollowing keyword\n-00027cb0: 7320 6172 6520 6465 6669 6e65 643a 0a0a s are defined:..\n-00027cc0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2a20 e280 9864 706b * ...dpk\n-00027cd0: 672f 7461 7267 6574 2d73 7562 636f 6d6d g/target-subcomm\n-00027ce0: 616e 64e2 8099 3a20 6465 636c 6172 6573 and...: declares\n-00027cf0: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6572 6520 6578 6973 that there exis\n-00027d00: 7473 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a20 2020 ts a command. \n-00027d10: 2020 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 that the \n-00027d20: e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 ...debian/rules.\n-00027d30: 8099 2066 696c 6520 6d75 7374 2072 756e .. file must run\n-00027d40: 2075 6e64 6572 2028 6661 6b65 2972 6f6f under (fake)roo\n-00027d50: 740a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 202a 20e2 8098 t.. * ...\n-00027d60: 6470 6b67 2f74 6172 6765 742f 666f 6fe2 dpkg/target/foo.\n-00027d70: 8099 3a20 6465 636c 6172 6573 2074 6861 ..: declares tha\n-00027d80: 7420 7468 6520 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c t the additional\n-00027d90: 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7061 636b ,. pack\n-00027da0: 6167 652d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2074 6172 age-specific tar\n-00027db0: 6765 7420 e280 9866 6f6f e280 9920 2874 get ...foo... (t\n-00027dc0: 6861 7420 6973 2c20 6e6f 7420 6f6e 6520 hat is, not one \n-00027dd0: 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6172 6765 7473 0a20 of the targets. \n-00027de0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7065 6369 6669 specifi\n-00027df0: 6564 2069 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 4d61 696e ed in *note Main\n-00027e00: 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7363 7269 7074 building script\n-00027e10: 3b20 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 3a20 ; debian/rules: \n-00027e20: 3636 2e29 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 206d 66.). m\n-00027e30: 7573 7420 6265 2072 756e 2075 6e64 6572 ust be run under\n-00027e40: 2028 6661 6b65 2972 6f6f 740a 0a54 6869 (fake)root..Thi\n-00027e50: 7320 6c69 7374 2069 7320 696e 7465 6e74 s list is intent\n-00027e60: 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 696e 636f 6d70 6c65 ionally incomple\n-00027e70: 7465 2e20 2059 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 te. 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Suc\n-00028010: 6820 6669 656c 6473 2077 696c 6c20 6265 h fields will be\n-00028020: 2069 676e 6f72 6564 2c20 616e 6420 6e6f ignored, and no\n-00028030: 7420 636f 7069 6564 2074 6f0a 2866 6f72 t copied to.(for\n-00028040: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2920 6269 6e61 7279 example) binary\n-00028050: 206f 7220 4465 6269 616e 2073 6f75 7263 or Debian sourc\n-00028060: 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 e control files \n-00028070: 6f72 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7570 6c6f 6164 or Debian upload\n-00028080: 0a63 6861 6e67 6573 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c .changes control\n-00028090: 2066 696c 6573 2e0a 0a49 6620 796f 7520 files...If you \n-000280a0: 7769 7368 2074 6f20 6164 6420 6164 6469 wish to add addi\n-000280b0: 7469 6f6e 616c 2075 6e73 7570 706f 7274 tional unsupport\n-000280c0: 6564 2066 6965 6c64 7320 746f 2074 6865 ed fields to the\n-000280d0: 7365 206f 7574 7075 7420 6669 6c65 730a se output files.\n-000280e0: 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2075 7365 2074 you should use t\n-000280f0: 6865 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2064 6573 he mechanism des\n-00028100: 6372 6962 6564 2068 6572 652e 0a0a 4669 cribed here...Fi\n-00028110: 656c 6473 2069 6e20 7468 6520 736f 7572 elds in the sour\n-00028120: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 656d 706c ce package templ\n-00028130: 6174 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 ate control file\n-00028140: 2077 6974 6820 6e61 6d65 7320 7374 6172 with names star\n-00028150: 7469 6e67 0ae2 8098 58e2 8099 2c20 666f ting....X..., fo\n-00028160: 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 7920 6f6e 6520 6f72 llowed by one or\n-00028170: 206d 6f72 6520 6f66 2074 6865 206c 6574 more of the let\n-00028180: 7465 7273 20e2 8098 4243 53e2 8099 2061 ters ...BCS... a\n-00028190: 6e64 2061 2068 7970 6865 6e20 e280 982d nd a hyphen ...-\n-000281a0: e280 992c 2077 696c 6c0a 6265 2063 6f70 ..., will.be cop\n-000281b0: 6965 6420 746f 2074 6865 206f 7574 7075 ied to the outpu\n-000281c0: 7420 6669 6c65 732e 2020 4f6e 6c79 2074 t files. 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Whe\n-00028220: 7265 2074 6865 206c 6574 7465 7220 e280 re the letter ..\n-00028230: 9842 e280 9920 6973 0a75 7365 6420 7468 .B... is.used th\n-00028240: 6520 6669 656c 6420 7769 6c6c 2061 7070 e field will app\n-00028250: 6561 7220 696e 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 ear in binary pa\n-00028260: 636b 6167 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 ckage control fi\n-00028270: 6c65 732c 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 0a6c les, where the.l\n-00028280: 6574 7465 7220 e280 9853 e280 9920 6973 etter ...S... is\n-00028290: 2075 7365 6420 696e 2044 6562 6961 6e20 used in Debian \n-000282a0: 736f 7572 6365 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 source control f\n-000282b0: 696c 6573 2061 6e64 2077 6865 7265 20e2 iles and where .\n-000282c0: 8098 43e2 8099 2069 7320 7573 6564 0a69 ..C... is used.i\n-000282d0: 6e20 4465 6269 616e 2075 706c 6f61 6420 n Debian upload \n-000282e0: 6368 616e 6765 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 changes control \n-000282f0: 6669 6c65 732e 0a0a 466f 7220 6578 616d files...For exam\n-00028300: 706c 652c 2069 6620 7468 6520 736f 7572 ple, if the sour\n-00028310: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 656d 706c ce package templ\n-00028320: 6174 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 ate control file\n-00028330: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7468 650a 6669 contains the.fi\n-00028340: 656c 640a 0a20 2020 2020 5842 532d 436f eld.. XBS-Co\n-00028350: 6d6d 656e 743a 2049 2073 7461 6e64 2062 mment: I stand b\n-00028360: 6574 7765 656e 2074 6865 2063 616e 646c etween the candl\n-00028370: 6520 616e 6420 7468 6520 7374 6172 2e0a e and the star..\n-00028380: 0a74 6865 6e20 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 .then the binary\n-00028390: 2061 6e64 2044 6562 6961 6e20 736f 7572 and Debian sour\n-000283a0: 6365 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 ce control files\n-000283b0: 2077 696c 6c20 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 7468 will contain th\n-000283c0: 6520 6669 656c 640a 0a20 2020 2020 436f e field.. Co\n-000283d0: 6d6d 656e 743a 2049 2073 7461 6e64 2062 mment: I stand b\n-000283e0: 6574 7765 656e 2074 6865 2063 616e 646c etween the candl\n-000283f0: 6520 616e 6420 7468 6520 7374 6172 2e0a e and the star..\n-00028400: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n-00028410: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n-00028420: 6465 3a20 4f62 736f 6c65 7465 2066 6965 de: Obsolete fie\n-00028430: 6c64 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5573 6572 lds, Prev: User\n-00028440: 2d64 6566 696e 6564 2066 6965 6c64 732c -defined fields,\n-00028450: 2020 5570 3a20 436f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 Up: Control fi\n-00028460: 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7468 6569 7220 6669 les and their fi\n-00028470: 656c 6473 0a0a 342e 3820 4f62 736f 6c65 elds..4.8 Obsole\n-00028480: 7465 2066 6965 6c64 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d te fields.======\n-00028490: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 =============..T\n-000284a0: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2066 6965 he following fie\n-000284b0: 6c64 7320 6861 7665 2062 6565 6e20 6f62 lds have been ob\n-000284c0: 736f 6c65 7465 6420 616e 6420 6d61 7920 soleted and may \n-000284d0: 6265 2066 6f75 6e64 2069 6e20 7061 636b be found in pack\n-000284e0: 6167 6573 0a63 6f6e 666f 726d 696e 6720 ages.conforming \n-000284f0: 7769 7468 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7665 with previous ve\n-00028500: 7273 696f 6e73 206f 6620 7468 6520 506f rsions of the Po\n-00028510: 6c69 6379 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a licy...* Menu:..\n-00028520: 2a20 444d 2d55 706c 6f61 642d 416c 6c6f * DM-Upload-Allo\n-00028530: 7765 643a 2044 4d2d 5570 6c6f 6164 2d41 wed: DM-Upload-A\n-00028540: 6c6c 6f77 6564 3c32 3e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 llowed<2>.....Fi\n-00028550: 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 le: debian-polic\n-00028560: 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2044 y.info, Node: D\n-00028570: 4d2d 5570 6c6f 6164 2d41 6c6c 6f77 6564 M-Upload-Allowed\n-00028580: 3c32 3e2c 2020 5570 3a20 4f62 736f 6c65 <2>, Up: Obsole\n-00028590: 7465 2066 6965 6c64 730a 0a34 2e38 2e31 te fields..4.8.1\n-000285a0: 20e2 8098 444d 2d55 706c 6f61 642d 416c ...DM-Upload-Al\n-000285b0: 6c6f 7765 64e2 8099 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d lowed....-------\n-000285c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000285d0: 2d2d 0a0a 496e 6469 6361 7465 7320 7468 --..Indicates th\n-000285e0: 6174 2044 6562 6961 6e20 4d61 696e 7461 at Debian Mainta\n-000285f0: 696e 6572 7320 6d61 7920 7570 6c6f 6164 iners may upload\n-00028600: 2074 6869 7320 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f this package to\n-00028610: 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e0a 6172 6368 the Debian.arch\n-00028620: 6976 652e 2020 5468 6520 6f6e 6c79 2076 ive. The only v\n-00028630: 616c 6964 2076 616c 7565 2069 7320 e280 alid value is ..\n-00028640: 9879 6573 e280 992e 2020 5468 6973 2066 .yes.... This f\n-00028650: 6965 6c64 2077 6173 2075 7365 6420 746f ield was used to\n-00028660: 0a72 6567 756c 6174 6520 7570 6c6f 6164 .regulate upload\n-00028670: 7320 6279 2044 6562 6961 6e20 4d61 696e s by Debian Main\n-00028680: 7461 696e 6572 732c 2053 6565 2074 6865 tainers, See the\n-00028690: 2047 656e 6572 616c 2052 6573 6f6c 7574 General Resolut\n-000286a0: 696f 6e0a 456e 646f 7273 6520 7468 6520 ion.Endorse the \n-000286b0: 636f 6e63 6570 7420 6f66 2044 6562 6961 concept of Debia\n-000286c0: 6e20 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 7328 3129 n Maintainers(1)\n-000286d0: 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 6465 7461 696c for more detail\n-000286e0: 732e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d s... ---------\n-000286f0: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n-00028700: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2068 ------.. (1) h\n-00028710: 7474 7073 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e64 6562 6961 ttps://www.debia\n-00028720: 6e2e 6f72 672f 766f 7465 2f32 3030 372f n.org/vote/2007/\n-00028730: 766f 7465 5f30 3033 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 vote_003....File\n-00028740: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n-00028750: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2050 6163 info, Node: Pac\n-00028760: 6b61 6765 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 kage maintainer \n-00028770: 7363 7269 7074 7320 616e 6420 696e 7374 scripts and inst\n-00028780: 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2070 726f 6365 6475 allation procedu\n-00028790: 7265 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2044 6563 6c61 re, Next: Decla\n-000287a0: 7269 6e67 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 ring relationshi\n-000287b0: 7073 2062 6574 7765 656e 2070 6163 6b61 ps between packa\n-000287c0: 6765 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 436f 6e74 ges, Prev: Cont\n-000287d0: 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7468 rol files and th\n-000287e0: 6569 7220 6669 656c 6473 2c20 2055 703a eir fields, Up:\n-000287f0: 2054 6f70 0a0a 3520 5061 636b 6167 6520 Top..5 Package \n-00028800: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 maintainer scrip\n-00028810: 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 ts and installat\n-00028820: 696f 6e20 7072 6f63 6564 7572 650a 2a2a ion procedure.**\n-00028830: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00028840: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00028850: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00028860: 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a *****..* Menu:..\n-00028870: 2a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 2074 * Introduction t\n-00028880: 6f20 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 696e 7461 o package mainta\n-00028890: 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 3a3a 0a2a iner scripts::.*\n-000288a0: 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 Maintainer scri\n-000288b0: 7074 7320 6964 656d 706f 7465 6e63 793a pts idempotency:\n-000288c0: 3a0a 2a20 436f 6e74 726f 6c6c 696e 6720 :.* Controlling \n-000288d0: 7465 726d 696e 616c 2066 6f72 206d 6169 terminal for mai\n-000288e0: 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 733a ntainer scripts:\n-000288f0: 3a0a 2a20 4578 6974 2073 7461 7475 733a :.* Exit status:\n-00028900: 3a0a 2a20 5375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2077 :.* Summary of w\n-00028910: 6179 7320 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 ays maintainer s\n-00028920: 6372 6970 7473 2061 7265 2063 616c 6c65 cripts are calle\n-00028930: 643a 3a0a 2a20 4465 7461 696c 7320 6f66 d::.* Details of\n-00028940: 2075 6e70 6163 6b20 7068 6173 6520 6f66 unpack phase of\n-00028950: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 6f72 installation or\n-00028960: 2075 7067 7261 6465 3a3a 0a2a 2044 6574 upgrade::.* Det\n-00028970: 6169 6c73 206f 6620 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ails of configur\n-00028980: 6174 696f 6e3a 3a0a 2a20 4465 7461 696c ation::.* Detail\n-00028990: 7320 6f66 2072 656d 6f76 616c 2061 6e64 s of removal and\n-000289a0: 2f6f 7220 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f /or configuratio\n-000289b0: 6e20 7075 7267 696e 673a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 n purging::....F\n-000289c0: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-000289d0: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-000289e0: 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 Introduction to \n-000289f0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e package maintain\n-00028a00: 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2c20 204e 6578 er scripts, Nex\n-00028a10: 743a 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 t: Maintainer sc\n-00028a20: 7269 7074 7320 6964 656d 706f 7465 6e63 ripts idempotenc\n-00028a30: 792c 2020 5570 3a20 5061 636b 6167 6520 y, Up: Package \n-00028a40: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 maintainer scrip\n-00028a50: 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 ts and installat\n-00028a60: 696f 6e20 7072 6f63 6564 7572 650a 0a35 ion procedure..5\n-00028a70: 2e31 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e20 .1 Introduction \n-00028a80: 746f 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 6e74 to package maint\n-00028a90: 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 730a 3d3d ainer scripts.==\n-00028aa0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00028ab0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00028ac0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4974 ============..It\n-00028ad0: 2069 7320 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2074 6f20 is possible to \n-00028ae0: 7375 7070 6c79 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 supply scripts a\n-00028af0: 7320 7061 7274 206f 6620 6120 7061 636b s part of a pack\n-00028b00: 6167 6520 7768 6963 6820 7468 6520 7061 age which the pa\n-00028b10: 636b 6167 650a 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 ckage.management\n-00028b20: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7769 6c6c 2072 756e system will run\n-00028b30: 2066 6f72 2079 6f75 2077 6865 6e20 796f for you when yo\n-00028b40: 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 696e ur package is in\n-00028b50: 7374 616c 6c65 642c 0a75 7067 7261 6465 stalled,.upgrade\n-00028b60: 6420 6f72 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2e0a 0a54 d or removed...T\n-00028b70: 6865 7365 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 7265 hese scripts are\n-00028b80: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6574 the package met\n-00028b90: 6164 6174 6120 6669 6c65 7320 e280 9870 adata files ...p\n-00028ba0: 7265 696e 7374 e280 992c 20e2 8098 706f reinst..., ...po\n-00028bb0: 7374 696e 7374 e280 992c 0ae2 8098 7072 stinst...,....pr\n-00028bc0: 6572 6de2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 706f erm... and ...po\n-00028bd0: 7374 726d e280 992e 2020 5468 6579 206d strm.... They m\n-00028be0: 7573 7420 6265 2070 726f 7065 7220 6578 ust be proper ex\n-00028bf0: 6563 7574 6162 6c65 2066 696c 6573 3b20 ecutable files; \n-00028c00: 6966 2074 6865 7920 6172 650a 7363 7269 if they are.scri\n-00028c10: 7074 7320 2877 6869 6368 2069 7320 7265 pts (which is re\n-00028c20: 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 6429 2c20 7468 6579 commended), they\n-00028c30: 206d 7573 7420 7374 6172 7420 7769 7468 must start with\n-00028c40: 2074 6865 2075 7375 616c 20e2 8098 2321 the usual ...#!\n-00028c50: e280 990a 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 2e20 ....convention. \n-00028c60: 2054 6865 7920 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 They should be \n-00028c70: 7265 6164 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 2065 7865 readable and exe\n-00028c80: 6375 7461 626c 6520 6279 2061 6e79 6f6e cutable by anyon\n-00028c90: 652c 2061 6e64 206d 7573 740a 6e6f 7420 e, and must.not \n-00028ca0: 6265 2077 6f72 6c64 2d77 7269 7461 626c be world-writabl\n-00028cb0: 652e 0a0a 5468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 e...The package \n-00028cc0: 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 2073 7973 7465 management syste\n-00028cd0: 6d20 6c6f 6f6b 7320 6174 2074 6865 2065 m looks at the e\n-00028ce0: 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 2066 726f 6d20 xit status from \n-00028cf0: 7468 6573 650a 7363 7269 7074 732e 2020 these.scripts. \n-00028d00: 4974 2069 7320 696d 706f 7274 616e 7420 It is important \n-00028d10: 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 6578 6974 2077 that they exit w\n-00028d20: 6974 6820 6120 6e6f 6e2d 7a65 726f 2073 ith a non-zero s\n-00028d30: 7461 7475 7320 6966 2074 6865 7265 0a69 tatus if there.i\n-00028d40: 7320 616e 2065 7272 6f72 2c20 736f 2074 s an error, so t\n-00028d50: 6861 7420 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 hat the package \n-00028d60: 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 2073 7973 7465 management syste\n-00028d70: 6d20 6361 6e20 7374 6f70 2069 7473 0a70 m can stop its.p\n-00028d80: 726f 6365 7373 696e 672e 2020 466f 7220 rocessing. For \n-00028d90: 7368 656c 6c20 7363 7269 7074 7320 7468 shell scripts th\n-00028da0: 6973 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 796f is means that yo\n-00028db0: 7520 2761 6c6d 6f73 7420 616c 7761 7973 u 'almost always\n-00028dc0: 2720 6e65 6564 0a74 6f20 7573 6520 e280 ' need.to use ..\n-00028dd0: 9873 6574 202d 65e2 8099 2028 7468 6973 .set -e... (this\n-00028de0: 2069 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 7472 7565 is usually true\n-00028df0: 2077 6865 6e20 7772 6974 696e 6720 7368 when writing sh\n-00028e00: 656c 6c20 7363 7269 7074 732c 2069 6e0a ell scripts, in.\n-00028e10: 6661 6374 292e 2020 4974 2069 7320 616c fact). It is al\n-00028e20: 736f 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 2c20 6f66 so important, of\n-00028e30: 2063 6f75 7273 652c 2074 6861 7420 7468 course, that th\n-00028e40: 6579 2065 7869 7420 7769 7468 2061 207a ey exit with a z\n-00028e50: 6572 6f0a 7374 6174 7573 2069 6620 6576 ero.status if ev\n-00028e60: 6572 7974 6869 6e67 2077 656e 7420 7765 erything went we\n-00028e70: 6c6c 2e0a 0a41 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c ll...Additionall\n-00028e80: 792c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 696e 7465 y, packages inte\n-00028e90: 7261 6374 696e 6720 7769 7468 2075 7365 racting with use\n-00028ea0: 7273 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 6465 6263 rs using ...debc\n-00028eb0: 6f6e 66e2 8099 2069 6e20 7468 650a e280 onf... in the...\n-00028ec0: 9870 6f73 7469 6e73 74e2 8099 2073 6372 .postinst... scr\n-00028ed0: 6970 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 2069 6e73 7461 ipt should insta\n-00028ee0: 6c6c 2061 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 6967 e280 ll a ...config..\n-00028ef0: 9920 7363 7269 7074 2061 7320 6120 7061 . script as a pa\n-00028f00: 636b 6167 6520 6d65 7461 6461 7461 0a66 ckage metadata.f\n-00028f10: 696c 652e 2020 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 ile. See *note \n-00028f20: 5072 6f6d 7074 696e 6720 696e 206d 6169 Prompting in mai\n-00028f30: 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 733a ntainer scripts:\n-00028f40: 2031 362e 2066 6f72 2064 6574 6169 6c73 16. for details\n-00028f50: 2e0a 0a57 6865 6e20 6120 7061 636b 6167 ...When a packag\n-00028f60: 6520 6973 2075 7067 7261 6465 6420 6120 e is upgraded a \n-00028f70: 636f 6d62 696e 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 combination of t\n-00028f80: 6865 2073 6372 6970 7473 2066 726f 6d20 he scripts from \n-00028f90: 7468 6520 6f6c 6420 616e 640a 6e65 7720 the old and.new \n-00028fa0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2069 7320 6361 6c6c packages is call\n-00028fb0: 6564 2064 7572 696e 6720 7468 6520 7570 ed during the up\n-00028fc0: 6772 6164 6520 7072 6f63 6564 7572 652e grade procedure.\n-00028fd0: 2020 4966 2079 6f75 7220 7363 7269 7074 If your script\n-00028fe0: 730a 6172 6520 676f 696e 6720 746f 2062 s.are going to b\n-00028ff0: 6520 6174 2061 6c6c 2063 6f6d 706c 6963 e at all complic\n-00029000: 6174 6564 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f ated you need to\n-00029010: 2062 6520 6177 6172 6520 6f66 2074 6869 be aware of thi\n-00029020: 732c 2061 6e64 206d 6179 0a6e 6565 6420 s, and may.need \n-00029030: 746f 2063 6865 636b 2074 6865 2061 7267 to check the arg\n-00029040: 756d 656e 7473 2074 6f20 796f 7572 2073 uments to your s\n-00029050: 6372 6970 7473 2e0a 0a42 726f 6164 6c79 cripts...Broadly\n-00029060: 2073 7065 616b 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 speaking the ..\n-00029070: 9870 7265 696e 7374 e280 9920 6973 2063 .preinst... is c\n-00029080: 616c 6c65 6420 6265 666f 7265 2028 6120 alled before (a \n-00029090: 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 2076 6572 7369 particular versi\n-000290a0: 6f6e 0a6f 6629 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 on.of) a package\n-000290b0: 2069 7320 756e 7061 636b 6564 2c20 616e is unpacked, an\n-000290c0: 6420 7468 6520 e280 9870 6f73 7469 6e73 d the ...postins\n-000290d0: 74e2 8099 2061 6674 6572 7761 7264 733b t... afterwards;\n-000290e0: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7072 6572 6de2 8099 the ...prerm...\n-000290f0: 0a62 6566 6f72 6520 2861 2076 6572 7369 .before (a versi\n-00029100: 6f6e 206f 6629 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 on of) a package\n-00029110: 2069 7320 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 616e 6420 is removed and \n-00029120: 7468 6520 e280 9870 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 the ...postrm...\n-00029130: 2061 6674 6572 7761 7264 732e 0a0a 5072 afterwards...Pr\n-00029140: 6f67 7261 6d73 2063 616c 6c65 6420 6672 ograms called fr\n-00029150: 6f6d 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 om maintainer sc\n-00029160: 7269 7074 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 ripts should not\n-00029170: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6861 7665 2061 normally have a\n-00029180: 2070 6174 680a 7072 6570 656e 6465 6420 path.prepended \n-00029190: 746f 2074 6865 6d2e 2020 4265 666f 7265 to them. Before\n-000291a0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 6973 installation is\n-000291b0: 2073 7461 7274 6564 2c20 7468 6520 7061 started, the pa\n-000291c0: 636b 6167 650a 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 ckage.management\n-000291d0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6368 6563 6b73 2074 system checks t\n-000291e0: 6f20 7365 6520 6966 2074 6865 2070 726f o see if the pro\n-000291f0: 6772 616d 7320 e280 986c 6463 6f6e 6669 grams ...ldconfi\n-00029200: 67e2 8099 2c0a e280 9873 7461 7274 2d73 g...,....start-s\n-00029210: 746f 702d 6461 656d 6f6e e280 992c 2061 top-daemon..., a\n-00029220: 6e64 20e2 8098 7570 6461 7465 2d72 632e nd ...update-rc.\n-00029230: 64e2 8099 2063 616e 2062 6520 666f 756e d... can be foun\n-00029240: 6420 7669 6120 7468 6520 e280 9850 4154 d via the ...PAT\n-00029250: 48e2 8099 0a65 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 H....environment\n-00029260: 2076 6172 6961 626c 652e 2020 5468 6f73 variable. Thos\n-00029270: 6520 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 2c20 616e 6420 e programs, and \n-00029280: 616e 7920 6f74 6865 7220 7072 6f67 7261 any other progra\n-00029290: 6d20 7468 6174 206f 6e65 0a77 6f75 6c64 m that one.would\n-000292a0: 2065 7870 6563 7420 746f 2062 6520 696e expect to be in\n-000292b0: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 5041 5448 e280 992c the ...PATH...,\n-000292c0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 7468 7573 2062 6520 should thus be \n-000292d0: 696e 766f 6b65 6420 7769 7468 6f75 7420 invoked without \n-000292e0: 616e 0a61 6273 6f6c 7574 6520 7061 7468 an.absolute path\n-000292f0: 6e61 6d65 2e20 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 name. Maintaine\n-00029300: 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 r scripts should\n-00029310: 2061 6c73 6f20 6e6f 7420 7265 7365 7420 also not reset \n-00029320: 7468 6520 e280 9850 4154 48e2 8099 2c0a the ...PATH...,.\n-00029330: 7468 6f75 6768 2074 6865 7920 6d69 6768 though they migh\n-00029340: 7420 6368 6f6f 7365 2074 6f20 6d6f 6469 t choose to modi\n-00029350: 6679 2069 7420 6279 2070 7265 7065 6e64 fy it by prepend\n-00029360: 696e 6720 6f72 2061 7070 656e 6469 6e67 ing or appending\n-00029370: 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2d73 7065 6369 6669 .package-specifi\n-00029380: 6320 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 732e 2020 c directories. \n-00029390: 5468 6573 6520 636f 6e73 6964 6572 6174 These considerat\n-000293a0: 696f 6e73 2072 6561 6c6c 7920 6170 706c ions really appl\n-000293b0: 7920 746f 2061 6c6c 0a73 6865 6c6c 2073 y to all.shell s\n-000293c0: 6372 6970 7473 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a cripts.....File:\n-000293d0: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n-000293e0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d61 696e nfo, Node: Main\n-000293f0: 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2069 tainer scripts i\n-00029400: 6465 6d70 6f74 656e 6379 2c20 204e 6578 dempotency, Nex\n-00029410: 743a 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c69 6e67 2074 t: Controlling t\n-00029420: 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 666f 7220 6d61 696e erminal for main\n-00029430: 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2c20 tainer scripts, \n-00029440: 2050 7265 763a 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 Prev: Introduct\n-00029450: 696f 6e20 746f 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d ion to package m\n-00029460: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 aintainer script\n-00029470: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5061 636b 6167 6520 s, Up: Package \n-00029480: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 maintainer scrip\n-00029490: 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 ts and installat\n-000294a0: 696f 6e20 7072 6f63 6564 7572 650a 0a35 ion procedure..5\n-000294b0: 2e32 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 .2 Maintainer sc\n-000294c0: 7269 7074 7320 6964 656d 706f 7465 6e63 ripts idempotenc\n-000294d0: 790a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d y.==============\n-000294e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000294f0: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 6e65 6365 ====..It is nece\n-00029500: 7373 6172 7920 666f 7220 7468 6520 6572 ssary for the er\n-00029510: 726f 7220 7265 636f 7665 7279 2070 726f ror recovery pro\n-00029520: 6365 6475 7265 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 cedures that the\n-00029530: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2062 650a 6964 656d scripts be.idem\n-00029540: 706f 7465 6e74 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d65 potent. This me\n-00029550: 616e 7320 7468 6174 2069 6620 6974 2069 ans that if it i\n-00029560: 7320 7275 6e20 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c s run successful\n-00029570: 6c79 2c20 616e 6420 7468 656e 2069 7420 ly, and then it \n-00029580: 6973 0a63 616c 6c65 6420 6167 6169 6e2c is.called again,\n-00029590: 2069 7420 646f 6573 6ee2 8099 7420 626f it doesn...t bo\n-000295a0: 6d62 206f 7574 206f 7220 6361 7573 6520 mb out or cause \n-000295b0: 616e 7920 6861 726d 2c20 6275 7420 6a75 any harm, but ju\n-000295c0: 7374 2065 6e73 7572 6573 0a74 6861 7420 st ensures.that \n-000295d0: 6576 6572 7974 6869 6e67 2069 7320 7468 everything is th\n-000295e0: 6520 7761 7920 6974 206f 7567 6874 2074 e way it ought t\n-000295f0: 6f20 6265 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 6669 o be. If the fi\n-00029600: 7273 7420 6361 6c6c 2066 6169 6c65 642c rst call failed,\n-00029610: 206f 720a 6162 6f72 7465 6420 6861 6c66 or.aborted half\n-00029620: 2077 6179 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2066 6f72 way through for\n-00029630: 2073 6f6d 6520 7265 6173 6f6e 2c20 7468 some reason, th\n-00029640: 6520 7365 636f 6e64 2063 616c 6c20 7368 e second call sh\n-00029650: 6f75 6c64 206d 6572 656c 790a 646f 2074 ould merely.do t\n-00029660: 6865 2074 6869 6e67 7320 7468 6174 2077 he things that w\n-00029670: 6572 6520 6c65 6674 2075 6e64 6f6e 6520 ere left undone \n-00029680: 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7469 6d65 2c20 the first time, \n-00029690: 6966 2061 6e79 2c20 616e 6420 6578 6974 if any, and exit\n-000296a0: 0a77 6974 6820 6120 7375 6363 6573 7320 .with a success \n-000296b0: 7374 6174 7573 2069 6620 6576 6572 7974 status if everyt\n-000296c0: 6869 6e67 2069 7320 4f4b 2e20 2831 290a hing is OK. (1).\n-000296d0: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n-000296e0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n-000296f0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 5468 6973 ---.. (1) This\n-00029700: 2069 7320 736f 2074 6861 7420 6966 2061 is so that if a\n-00029710: 6e20 6572 726f 7220 6f63 6375 7273 2c20 n error occurs, \n-00029720: 7468 6520 7573 6572 2069 6e74 6572 7275 the user interru\n-00029730: 7074 7320 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 206f pts ...dpkg... o\n-00029740: 720a 736f 6d65 206f 7468 6572 2075 6e66 r.some other unf\n-00029750: 6f72 6573 6565 6e20 6369 7263 756d 7374 oreseen circumst\n-00029760: 616e 6365 2068 6170 7065 6e73 2079 6f75 ance happens you\n-00029770: 2064 6f6e e280 9974 206c 6561 7665 2074 don...t leave t\n-00029780: 6865 2075 7365 7220 7769 7468 0a61 2062 he user with.a b\n-00029790: 6164 6c79 2d62 726f 6b65 6e20 7061 636b adly-broken pack\n-000297a0: 6167 6520 7768 656e 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 age when ...dpkg\n-000297b0: e280 9920 6174 7465 6d70 7473 2074 6f20 ... attempts to \n-000297c0: 7265 7065 6174 2074 6865 2061 6374 696f repeat the actio\n-000297d0: 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 n.....File: debi\n-000297e0: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n-000297f0: 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c69 Node: Controlli\n-00029800: 6e67 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 666f 7220 ng terminal for \n-00029810: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 maintainer scrip\n-00029820: 7473 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2045 7869 7420 ts, Next: Exit \n-00029830: 7374 6174 7573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204d status, Prev: M\n-00029840: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 aintainer script\n-00029850: 7320 6964 656d 706f 7465 6e63 792c 2020 s idempotency, \n-00029860: 5570 3a20 5061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 696e Up: Package main\n-00029870: 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 tainer scripts a\n-00029880: 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 nd installation \n-00029890: 7072 6f63 6564 7572 650a 0a35 2e33 2043 procedure..5.3 C\n-000298a0: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c69 6e67 2074 6572 6d69 ontrolling termi\n-000298b0: 6e61 6c20 666f 7220 6d61 696e 7461 696e nal for maintain\n-000298c0: 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d er scripts.=====\n-000298d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000298e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000298f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4d61 696e ==========..Main\n-00029900: 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 tainer scripts a\n-00029910: 7265 206e 6f74 2067 7561 7261 6e74 6565 re not guarantee\n-00029920: 6420 746f 2072 756e 2077 6974 6820 6120 d to run with a \n-00029930: 636f 6e74 726f 6c6c 696e 6720 7465 726d controlling term\n-00029940: 696e 616c 0a61 6e64 206d 6179 206e 6f74 inal.and may not\n-00029950: 2062 6520 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 696e 7465 be able to inte\n-00029960: 7261 6374 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 7573 ract with the us\n-00029970: 6572 2e20 2054 6865 7920 6d75 7374 2062 er. They must b\n-00029980: 6520 6162 6c65 2074 6f0a 6661 6c6c 2062 e able to.fall b\n-00029990: 6163 6b20 746f 206e 6f6e 696e 7465 7261 ack to nonintera\n-000299a0: 6374 6976 6520 6265 6861 7669 6f72 2069 ctive behavior i\n-000299b0: 6620 6e6f 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c69 6e67 f no controlling\n-000299c0: 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 6973 0a61 7661 terminal is.ava\n-000299d0: 696c 6162 6c65 2e20 204d 6169 6e74 6169 ilable. Maintai\n-000299e0: 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 7468 6174 ner scripts that\n-000299f0: 2070 726f 6d70 7420 7669 6120 6120 7072 prompt via a pr\n-00029a00: 6f67 7261 6d20 636f 6e66 6f72 6d69 6e67 ogram conforming\n-00029a10: 2074 6f0a 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2043 to.the Debian C\n-00029a20: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 204d 616e onfiguration Man\n-00029a30: 6167 656d 656e 7420 5370 6563 6966 6963 agement Specific\n-00029a40: 6174 696f 6e20 2873 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 ation (see *note\n-00029a50: 2050 726f 6d70 7469 6e67 0a69 6e20 6d61 Prompting.in ma\n-00029a60: 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 intainer scripts\n-00029a70: 3a20 3136 2e29 206d 6179 2061 7373 756d : 16.) may assum\n-00029a80: 6520 7468 6174 2070 726f 6772 616d 2077 e that program w\n-00029a90: 696c 6c20 6861 6e64 6c65 2066 616c 6c69 ill handle falli\n-00029aa0: 6e67 0a62 6163 6b20 746f 206e 6f6e 696e ng.back to nonin\n-00029ab0: 7465 7261 6374 6976 6520 6265 6861 7669 teractive behavi\n-00029ac0: 6f72 2e0a 0a46 6f72 2068 6967 682d 7072 or...For high-pr\n-00029ad0: 696f 7269 7479 2070 726f 6d70 7473 2077 iority prompts w\n-00029ae0: 6974 686f 7574 2061 2072 6561 736f 6e61 ithout a reasona\n-00029af0: 626c 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 616e 7377 ble default answ\n-00029b00: 6572 2c0a 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 er,.maintainer s\n-00029b10: 6372 6970 7473 206d 6179 2061 626f 7274 cripts may abort\n-00029b20: 2069 6620 7468 6572 6520 6973 206e 6f20 if there is no \n-00029b30: 636f 6e74 726f 6c6c 696e 6720 7465 726d controlling term\n-00029b40: 696e 616c 2e0a 486f 7765 7665 722c 2074 inal..However, t\n-00029b50: 6869 7320 7369 7475 6174 696f 6e20 7368 his situation sh\n-00029b60: 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6176 6f69 6465 6420 ould be avoided \n-00029b70: 6966 2061 7420 616c 6c20 706f 7373 6962 if at all possib\n-00029b80: 6c65 2c20 7369 6e63 6520 6974 0a70 7265 le, since it.pre\n-00029b90: 7665 6e74 7320 6175 746f 6d61 7465 6420 vents automated \n-00029ba0: 6f72 2075 6e61 7474 656e 6465 6420 696e or unattended in\n-00029bb0: 7374 616c 6c73 2e20 2049 6e20 6d6f 7374 stalls. In most\n-00029bc0: 2063 6173 6573 2c20 7573 6572 7320 7769 cases, users wi\n-00029bd0: 6c6c 0a63 6f6e 7369 6465 7220 7468 6973 ll.consider this\n-00029be0: 2074 6f20 6265 2061 2062 7567 2069 6e20 to be a bug in \n-00029bf0: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 652e 0a0a 1f0a the package.....\n-00029c00: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-00029c10: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-00029c20: 2045 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 2c20 204e Exit status, N\n-00029c30: 6578 743a 2053 756d 6d61 7279 206f 6620 ext: Summary of \n-00029c40: 7761 7973 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 ways maintainer \n-00029c50: 7363 7269 7074 7320 6172 6520 6361 6c6c scripts are call\n-00029c60: 6564 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2043 6f6e 7472 ed, Prev: Contr\n-00029c70: 6f6c 6c69 6e67 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 6c20 olling terminal \n-00029c80: 666f 7220 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 for maintainer s\n-00029c90: 6372 6970 7473 2c20 2055 703a 2050 6163 cripts, Up: Pac\n-00029ca0: 6b61 6765 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 kage maintainer \n-00029cb0: 7363 7269 7074 7320 616e 6420 696e 7374 scripts and inst\n-00029cc0: 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2070 726f 6365 6475 allation procedu\n-00029cd0: 7265 0a0a 352e 3420 4578 6974 2073 7461 re..5.4 Exit sta\n-00029ce0: 7475 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d tus.============\n-00029cf0: 3d3d 3d0a 0a45 6163 6820 7363 7269 7074 ===..Each script\n-00029d00: 206d 7573 7420 7265 7475 726e 2061 207a must return a z\n-00029d10: 6572 6f20 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 ero exit status \n-00029d20: 666f 7220 7375 6363 6573 732c 206f 7220 for success, or \n-00029d30: 6120 6e6f 6e7a 6572 6f20 6f6e 650a 666f a nonzero one.fo\n-00029d40: 7220 6661 696c 7572 652c 2073 696e 6365 r failure, since\n-00029d50: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d 616e the package man\n-00029d60: 6167 656d 656e 7420 7379 7374 656d 206c agement system l\n-00029d70: 6f6f 6b73 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2065 7869 ooks for the exi\n-00029d80: 740a 7374 6174 7573 206f 6620 7468 6573 t.status of thes\n-00029d90: 6520 7363 7269 7074 7320 616e 6420 6465 e scripts and de\n-00029da0: 7465 726d 696e 6573 2077 6861 7420 6163 termines what ac\n-00029db0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 7461 6b65 206e 6578 tion to take nex\n-00029dc0: 7420 6261 7365 6420 6f6e 0a74 6861 7420 t based on.that \n-00029dd0: 6461 7475 6d2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 datum.....File: \n-00029de0: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n-00029df0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 756d 6d61 fo, Node: Summa\n-00029e00: 7279 206f 6620 7761 7973 206d 6169 6e74 ry of ways maint\n-00029e10: 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 6172 ainer scripts ar\n-00029e20: 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 2c20 204e 6578 743a e called, Next:\n-00029e30: 2044 6574 6169 6c73 206f 6620 756e 7061 Details of unpa\n-00029e40: 636b 2070 6861 7365 206f 6620 696e 7374 ck phase of inst\n-00029e50: 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 7570 6772 allation or upgr\n-00029e60: 6164 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4578 6974 ade, Prev: Exit\n-00029e70: 2073 7461 7475 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5061 status, Up: Pa\n-00029e80: 636b 6167 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 ckage maintainer\n-00029e90: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 scripts and ins\n-00029ea0: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6f63 6564 tallation proced\n-00029eb0: 7572 650a 0a35 2e35 2053 756d 6d61 7279 ure..5.5 Summary\n-00029ec0: 206f 6620 7761 7973 206d 6169 6e74 6169 of ways maintai\n-00029ed0: 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 6172 6520 ner scripts are \n-00029ee0: 6361 6c6c 6564 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d called.=========\n-00029ef0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00029f00: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00029f10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5768 6174 2066 ========..What f\n-00029f20: 6f6c 6c6f 7773 2069 7320 6120 7375 6d6d ollows is a summ\n-00029f30: 6172 7920 6f66 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2077 ary of all the w\n-00029f40: 6179 7320 696e 2077 6869 6368 206d 6169 ays in which mai\n-00029f50: 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 730a ntainer scripts.\n-00029f60: 6d61 7920 6265 2063 616c 6c65 6420 616c may be called al\n-00029f70: 6f6e 6720 7769 7468 2077 6861 7420 6661 ong with what fa\n-00029f80: 6369 6c69 7469 6573 2074 686f 7365 2073 cilities those s\n-00029f90: 6372 6970 7473 206d 6179 2072 656c 7920 cripts may rely \n-00029fa0: 6f6e 2062 6569 6e67 0a61 7661 696c 6162 on being.availab\n-00029fb0: 6c65 2061 7420 7468 6174 2074 696d 652e le at that time.\n-00029fc0: 2020 5363 7269 7074 206e 616d 6573 2070 Script names p\n-00029fd0: 7265 6365 6465 6420 6279 206e 6577 2d20 receded by new- \n-00029fe0: 6172 6520 7468 6520 7363 7269 7074 730a are the scripts.\n-00029ff0: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 206e 6577 2076 6572 from the new ver\n-0002a000: 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 6120 7061 636b 6167 sion of a packag\n-0002a010: 6520 6265 696e 6720 696e 7374 616c 6c65 e being installe\n-0002a020: 642c 2075 7067 7261 6465 6420 746f 2c20 d, upgraded to, \n-0002a030: 6f72 0a64 6f77 6e67 7261 6465 6420 746f or.downgraded to\n-0002a040: 2e20 2053 6372 6970 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 . Script names \n-0002a050: 7072 6563 6564 6564 2062 7920 6f6c 642d preceded by old-\n-0002a060: 2061 7265 2074 6865 2073 6372 6970 7473 are the scripts\n-0002a070: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 650a 6f6c 6420 7665 from the.old ve\n-0002a080: 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 2070 6163 6b61 rsion of a packa\n-0002a090: 6765 2074 6861 7420 6973 2062 6569 6e67 ge that is being\n-0002a0a0: 2075 7067 7261 6465 6420 6672 6f6d 206f upgraded from o\n-0002a0b0: 7220 646f 776e 6772 6164 6564 2066 726f r downgraded fro\n-0002a0c0: 6d2e 0a0a 5468 6520 e280 9870 7265 696e m...The ...prein\n-0002a0d0: 7374 e280 9920 7363 7269 7074 206d 6179 st... script may\n-0002a0e0: 2062 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 2069 6e20 7468 be called in th\n-0002a0f0: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7761 7973 e following ways\n-0002a100: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 986e 6577 2d70 :.. ...new-p\n-0002a110: 7265 696e 7374 e280 9920 696e 7374 616c reinst... instal\n-0002a120: 6c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6e65 772d 7072 l. ...new-pr\n-0002a130: 6569 6e73 74e2 8099 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c einst... install\n-0002a140: 2027 6f6c 642d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 2027 'old-version' '\n-0002a150: 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a20 2020 new-version'. \n-0002a160: 2020 e280 986e 6577 2d70 7265 696e 7374 ...new-preinst\n-0002a170: e280 9920 7570 6772 6164 6520 276f 6c64 ... upgrade 'old\n-0002a180: 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 2720 276e 6577 2d76 -version' 'new-v\n-0002a190: 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 ersion'.. 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Pre-dependen\n-0002a290: 6369 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6861 7665 2062 cies will have b\n-0002a2a0: 6565 6e20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2061 een configured a\n-0002a2b0: 7420 6c65 6173 740a 2020 2020 206f 6e63 t least. onc\n-0002a2c0: 652c 2062 7574 2061 7420 7468 6520 7469 e, but at the ti\n-0002a2d0: 6d65 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7072 6569 6e73 me the ...preins\n-0002a2e0: 74e2 8099 2069 7320 6361 6c6c 6564 2074 t... is called t\n-0002a2f0: 6865 7920 6d61 7920 6f6e 6c79 2062 6520 hey may only be \n-0002a300: 696e 0a20 2020 2020 616e 20e2 809c 556e in. an ...Un\n-0002a310: 7061 636b 6564 e280 9d20 6f72 20e2 809c packed... or ...\n-0002a320: 4861 6c66 2d43 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 64e2 Half-Configured.\n-0002a330: 809d 2073 7461 7465 2069 6620 6120 7072 .. state if a pr\n-0002a340: 6576 696f 7573 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f evious version o\n-0002a350: 660a 2020 2020 2074 6865 2070 7265 2d64 f. the pre-d\n-0002a360: 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 7761 7320 636f ependency was co\n-0002a370: 6d70 6c65 7465 6c79 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 mpletely configu\n-0002a380: 7265 6420 616e 6420 6861 7320 6e6f 7420 red and has not \n-0002a390: 6265 656e 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6d6f 7665 been. remove\n-0002a3a0: 6420 7369 6e63 6520 7468 656e 2e0a 0ae2 d since then....\n-0002a3b0: 8098 6f6c 642d 7072 6569 6e73 74e2 8099 ..old-preinst...\n-0002a3c0: 2061 626f 7274 2d75 7067 7261 6465 2027 abort-upgrade '\n-0002a3d0: 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 new-version'.. \n-0002a3e0: 2020 2043 616c 6c65 6420 6475 7269 6e67 Called during\n-0002a3f0: 2065 7272 6f72 2068 616e 646c 696e 6720 error handling \n-0002a400: 6f66 2061 6e20 7570 6772 6164 6520 7468 of an upgrade th\n-0002a410: 6174 2066 6169 6c65 6420 6166 7465 720a at failed after.\n-0002a420: 2020 2020 2075 6e70 6163 6b69 6e67 2074 unpacking t\n-0002a430: 6865 206e 6577 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2062 he new package b\n-0002a440: 6563 6175 7365 2074 6865 20e2 8098 706f ecause the ...po\n-0002a450: 7374 726d 2075 7067 7261 6465 e280 9920 strm upgrade... \n-0002a460: 6163 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 6661 696c action. fail\n-0002a470: 6564 2e20 2054 6865 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 ed. The unpacke\n-0002a480: 6420 6669 6c65 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2070 d files may be p\n-0002a490: 6172 746c 7920 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 206e artly from the n\n-0002a4a0: 6577 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 720a 2020 ew version or. \n-0002a4b0: 2020 2070 6172 746c 7920 6d69 7373 696e partly missin\n-0002a4c0: 672c 2073 6f20 7468 6520 7363 7269 7074 g, so the script\n-0002a4d0: 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 7265 6c79 206f 6e20 cannot rely on \n-0002a4e0: 6669 6c65 7320 696e 636c 7564 6564 2069 files included i\n-0002a4f0: 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2070 6163 6b61 n the. packa\n-0002a500: 6765 2e20 2050 6163 6b61 6765 2064 6570 ge. 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All pa\n-0002a6b0: 636b 6167 650a 2020 2020 2064 6570 656e ckage. depen\n-0002a6c0: 6465 6e63 6965 7320 7769 6c6c 2061 7420 dencies will at \n-0002a6d0: 6c65 6173 7420 6265 20e2 809c 556e 7061 least be ...Unpa\n-0002a6e0: 636b 6564 e280 9d2e 2020 4966 2074 6865 cked.... 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Aborting the\n-0002ab40: 20e2 8098 706f 7374 696e 7374 e280 9920 ...postinst... \n-0002ab50: 6163 7469 6f6e 2069 6620 636f 6d6d 616e action if comman\n-0002ab60: 6473 206f 720a 2020 2020 2066 6163 696c ds or. facil\n-0002ab70: 6974 6965 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2070 ities from the p\n-0002ab80: 6163 6b61 6765 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 ackage dependenc\n-0002ab90: 6965 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 6176 6169 ies are not avai\n-0002aba0: 6c61 626c 6520 6973 206f 6674 656e 0a20 lable is often. \n-0002abb0: 2020 2020 7468 6520 6265 7374 2061 7070 the best app\n-0002abc0: 726f 6163 682e 0a0a 5468 6520 e280 9870 roach...The ...p\n-0002abd0: 7265 726d e280 9920 7363 7269 7074 206d rerm... script m\n-0002abe0: 6179 2062 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 2069 6e20 ay be called in \n-0002abf0: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7761 the following wa\n-0002ac00: 7973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9870 7265 ys:.. ...pre\n-0002ac10: 726d e280 9920 7265 6d6f 7665 0a20 2020 rm... remove. \n-0002ac20: 2020 e280 986f 6c64 2d70 7265 726d e280 ...old-prerm..\n-0002ac30: 9920 7570 6772 6164 6520 276e 6577 2d76 . upgrade 'new-v\n-0002ac40: 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 ersion'. ...\n-0002ac50: 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 6f72 2773 2d70 7265 conflictor's-pre\n-0002ac60: 726d e280 9920 7265 6d6f 7665 2069 6e2d rm... remove in-\n-0002ac70: 6661 766f 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2027 favour package '\n-0002ac80: 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a20 2020 new-version'. \n-0002ac90: 2020 e280 9864 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 ...deconfigure\n-0002aca0: 6427 732d 7072 6572 6de2 8099 2064 6563 d's-prerm... dec\n-0002acb0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 2069 6e2d 6661 766f onfigure in-favo\n-0002acc0: 7572 2027 7061 636b 6167 652d 6265 696e ur 'package-bein\n-0002acd0: 672d 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6427 2027 7665 g-installed' 've\n-0002ace0: 7273 696f 6e27 205b 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 rsion' [removing\n-0002acf0: 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 6e67 2d70 6163 conflicting-pac\n-0002ad00: 6b61 6765 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 5d0a 0a20 kage version].. \n-0002ad10: 2020 2020 5468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 The package \n-0002ad20: 7768 6f73 6520 e280 9870 7265 726d e280 whose ...prerm..\n-0002ad30: 9920 6973 2062 6569 6e67 2063 616c 6c65 . is being calle\n-0002ad40: 6420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6174 206c 6561 d will be at lea\n-0002ad50: 7374 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9c48 616c 662d st. ...Half-\n-0002ad60: 496e 7374 616c 6c65 64e2 809d 2e20 2041 Installed.... 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Th\n-0002af50: 6520 6e65 770a 2020 2020 2070 6163 6b61 e new. packa\n-0002af60: 6765 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 7965 7420 ge will not yet \n-0002af70: 6265 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 642c 2061 6e64 be unpacked, and\n-0002af80: 2061 6c6c 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 636f all the same co\n-0002af90: 6e73 7472 6169 6e74 7320 6173 0a20 2020 nstraints as. \n-0002afa0: 2020 666f 7220 e280 9870 7265 696e 7374 for ...preinst\n-0002afb0: 2075 7067 7261 6465 e280 9920 6170 706c upgrade... appl\n-0002afc0: 792e 0a0a 5468 6520 e280 9870 6f73 7472 y...The ...postr\n-0002afd0: 6de2 8099 2073 6372 6970 7420 6d61 7920 m... script may \n-0002afe0: 6265 2063 616c 6c65 6420 696e 2074 6865 be called in the\n-0002aff0: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2077 6179 733a following ways:\n-0002b000: 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 706f 7374 726d .. ...postrm\n-0002b010: e280 9920 7265 6d6f 7665 0a20 2020 2020 ... remove. \n-0002b020: e280 9870 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 2070 7572 ...postrm... pur\n-0002b030: 6765 0a20 2020 2020 e280 986f 6c64 2d70 ge. ...old-p\n-0002b040: 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 2075 7067 7261 6465 ostrm... upgrade\n-0002b050: 2027 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a20 'new-version'. \n-0002b060: 2020 2020 e280 9864 6973 6170 7065 6172 ...disappear\n-0002b070: 6572 2773 2d70 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 2064 er's-postrm... d\n-0002b080: 6973 6170 7065 6172 206f 7665 7277 7269 isappear overwri\n-0002b090: 7465 7220 276f 7665 7277 7269 7465 722d ter 'overwriter-\n-0002b0a0: 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 version'.. T\n-0002b0b0: 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 726d e280 9920 he ...postrm... \n-0002b0c0: 7363 7269 7074 2069 7320 6361 6c6c 6564 script is called\n-0002b0d0: 2061 6674 6572 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 after the packa\n-0002b0e0: 6765 e280 9973 2066 696c 6573 2068 6176 ge...s files hav\n-0002b0f0: 6520 6265 656e 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6d6f e been. remo\n-0002b100: 7665 6420 6f72 2072 6570 6c61 6365 642e ved or replaced.\n-0002b110: 2020 5468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 7768 The package wh\n-0002b120: 6f73 6520 e280 9870 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 ose ...postrm...\n-0002b130: 2069 7320 6265 696e 6720 6361 6c6c 6564 is being called\n-0002b140: 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 7920 6861 7665 2070 . may have p\n-0002b150: 7265 7669 6f75 736c 7920 6265 656e 2064 reviously been d\n-0002b160: 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 616e 6420 econfigured and \n-0002b170: 6f6e 6c79 2062 6520 e280 9c55 6e70 6163 only be ...Unpac\n-0002b180: 6b65 64e2 809d 2c20 6174 0a20 2020 2020 ked..., at. \n-0002b190: 7768 6963 6820 706f 696e 7420 7375 6273 which point subs\n-0002b1a0: 6571 7565 6e74 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2063 equent package c\n-0002b1b0: 6861 6e67 6573 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 636f hanges do not co\n-0002b1c0: 6e73 6964 6572 2069 7473 0a20 2020 2020 nsider its. \n-0002b1d0: 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2e20 2054 dependencies. T\n-0002b1e0: 6865 7265 666f 7265 2c20 616c 6c20 e280 herefore, all ..\n-0002b1f0: 9870 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 2061 6374 696f .postrm... actio\n-0002b200: 6e73 206d 7573 7420 6f6e 6c79 2072 656c ns must only rel\n-0002b210: 7920 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 6573 7365 6e74 y on. essent\n-0002b220: 6961 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 6e64 ial packages and\n-0002b230: 206d 7573 7420 6772 6163 6566 756c 6c79 must gracefully\n-0002b240: 2073 6b69 7020 616e 7920 6163 7469 6f6e skip any action\n-0002b250: 7320 7468 6174 0a20 2020 2020 7265 7175 s that. requ\n-0002b260: 6972 6520 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 65e2 ire the package.\n-0002b270: 8099 7320 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 ..s dependencies\n-0002b280: 2069 6620 7468 6f73 6520 6465 7065 6e64 if those depend\n-0002b290: 656e 6369 6573 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 encies are. \n-0002b2a0: 756e 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 2833 unavailable. (3\n-0002b2b0: 290a 0ae2 8098 6e65 772d 706f 7374 726d ).....new-postrm\n-0002b2c0: e280 9920 6661 696c 6564 2d75 7067 7261 ... failed-upgra\n-0002b2d0: 6465 2027 6f6c 642d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 de 'old-version'\n-0002b2e0: 2027 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 'new-version'..\n-0002b2f0: 2020 2020 2043 616c 6c65 6420 7768 656e Called when\n-0002b300: 2074 6865 206f 6c64 20e2 8098 706f 7374 the old ...post\n-0002b310: 726d 2075 7067 7261 6465 e280 9920 6163 rm upgrade... ac\n-0002b320: 7469 6f6e 2066 6169 6c73 2e20 2054 6865 tion fails. The\n-0002b330: 206e 6577 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a20 2020 new package. \n-0002b340: 2020 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 756e 7061 636b will be unpack\n-0002b350: 6564 2c20 6275 7420 6f6e 6c79 2065 7373 ed, but only ess\n-0002b360: 656e 7469 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 ential packages \n-0002b370: 616e 6420 7072 652d 6465 7065 6e64 656e and pre-dependen\n-0002b380: 6369 6573 0a20 2020 2020 6361 6e20 6265 cies. can be\n-0002b390: 2072 656c 6965 6420 6f6e 2e20 2050 7265 relied on. Pre\n-0002b3a0: 2d64 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 7769 -dependencies wi\n-0002b3b0: 6c6c 2065 6974 6865 7220 6265 2063 6f6e ll either be con\n-0002b3c0: 6669 6775 7265 6420 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 figured or. \n-0002b3d0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 e280 9c55 6e70 6163 will be ...Unpac\n-0002b3e0: 6b65 64e2 809d 206f 7220 e280 9c48 616c ked... or ...Hal\n-0002b3f0: 662d 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 e280 9d20 f-Configured... \n-0002b400: 6275 7420 7072 6576 696f 7573 6c79 2068 but previously h\n-0002b410: 6164 2062 6565 6e0a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e ad been. con\n-0002b420: 6669 6775 7265 6420 616e 6420 7761 7320 figured and was \n-0002b430: 6e65 7665 7220 7265 6d6f 7665 642e 0a0a never removed...\n-0002b440: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6e65 772d 706f 7374 ...new-post\n-0002b450: 726d e280 9920 6162 6f72 742d 696e 7374 rm... abort-inst\n-0002b460: 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6e65 772d all. ...new-\n-0002b470: 706f 7374 726d e280 9920 6162 6f72 742d postrm... abort-\n-0002b480: 696e 7374 616c 6c20 276f 6c64 2d76 6572 install 'old-ver\n-0002b490: 7369 6f6e 2720 276e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 sion' 'new-versi\n-0002b4a0: 6f6e 270a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6e65 772d on'. ...new-\n-0002b4b0: 706f 7374 726d e280 9920 6162 6f72 742d postrm... abort-\n-0002b4c0: 7570 6772 6164 6520 276f 6c64 2d76 6572 upgrade 'old-ver\n-0002b4d0: 7369 6f6e 2720 276e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 sion' 'new-versi\n-0002b4e0: 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 4361 6c6c 6564 on'.. Called\n-0002b4f0: 2062 6566 6f72 6520 756e 7061 636b 696e before unpackin\n-0002b500: 6720 7468 6520 6e65 7720 7061 636b 6167 g the new packag\n-0002b510: 6520 6173 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 e as part of the\n-0002b520: 2065 7272 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6861 6e64 error. hand\n-0002b530: 6c69 6e67 206f 6620 e280 9870 7265 696e ling of ...prein\n-0002b540: 7374 e280 9920 6661 696c 7572 6573 2e20 st... failures. \n-0002b550: 204d 6179 2061 7373 756d 6520 7468 6520 May assume the \n-0002b560: 7361 6d65 2073 7461 7465 2061 730a 2020 same state as. \n-0002b570: 2020 20e2 8098 7072 6569 6e73 74e2 8099 ...preinst...\n-0002b580: 2063 616e 2061 7373 756d 652e 0a0a 2020 can assume... \n-0002b590: 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 ---------- Foot\n-0002b5a0: 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d notes ----------\n-0002b5b0: 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 6869 7320 6361 .. (1) This ca\n-0002b5c0: 6e20 6861 7070 656e 2069 6620 7468 6520 n happen if the \n-0002b5d0: 6e65 7720 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 new version of t\n-0002b5e0: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206e 6f20 6c6f he package no lo\n-0002b5f0: 6e67 6572 0a70 7265 2d64 6570 656e 6473 nger.pre-depends\n-0002b600: 206f 6e20 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 7468 on a package th\n-0002b610: 6174 2068 6164 2062 6565 6e20 7061 7274 at had been part\n-0002b620: 6961 6c6c 7920 7570 6772 6164 6564 2e0a ially upgraded..\n-0002b630: 0a20 2020 2832 2920 466f 7220 6578 616d . (2) For exam\n-0002b640: 706c 652c 2073 7570 706f 7365 2070 6163 ple, suppose pac\n-0002b650: 6b61 6765 7320 666f 6f20 616e 6420 6261 kages foo and ba\n-0002b660: 7220 6172 6520 e280 9c49 6e73 7461 6c6c r are ...Install\n-0002b670: 6564 e280 9d20 7769 7468 0a66 6f6f 2064 ed... with.foo d\n-0002b680: 6570 656e 6469 6e67 206f 6e20 6261 722e epending on bar.\n-0002b690: 2020 4966 2061 6e20 7570 6772 6164 6520 If an upgrade \n-0002b6a0: 6f66 2062 6172 2077 6572 6520 7374 6172 of bar were star\n-0002b6b0: 7465 6420 616e 6420 7468 656e 0a61 626f ted and then.abo\n-0002b6c0: 7274 6564 2c20 616e 6420 7468 656e 2061 rted, and then a\n-0002b6d0: 6e20 6174 7465 6d70 7420 746f 2072 656d n attempt to rem\n-0002b6e0: 6f76 6520 666f 6f20 6661 696c 6564 2062 ove foo failed b\n-0002b6f0: 6563 6175 7365 2069 7473 20e2 8098 7072 ecause its ...pr\n-0002b700: 6572 6de2 8099 0a73 6372 6970 7420 6661 erm....script fa\n-0002b710: 696c 6564 2c20 666f 6fe2 8099 7320 e280 iled, foo...s ..\n-0002b720: 9870 6f73 7469 6e73 7420 6162 6f72 742d .postinst abort-\n-0002b730: 7265 6d6f 7665 e280 9920 776f 756c 6420 remove... would \n-0002b740: 6265 2063 616c 6c65 6420 7769 7468 2062 be called with b\n-0002b750: 6172 0a6f 6e6c 7920 e280 9c48 616c 662d ar.only ...Half-\n-0002b760: 496e 7374 616c 6c65 64e2 809d 2e0a 0a20 Installed...... \n-0002b770: 2020 2833 2920 5468 6973 2069 7320 6f66 (3) This is of\n-0002b780: 7465 6e20 646f 6e65 2062 7920 6368 6563 ten done by chec\n-0002b790: 6b69 6e67 2077 6865 7468 6572 2074 6865 king whether the\n-0002b7a0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 206f 7220 6661 6369 command or faci\n-0002b7b0: 6c69 7479 0a74 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 lity.the ...post\n-0002b7c0: 726d e280 9920 696e 7465 6e64 7320 746f rm... intends to\n-0002b7d0: 2063 616c 6c20 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 call is availab\n-0002b7e0: 6c65 2062 6566 6f72 6520 6361 6c6c 696e le before callin\n-0002b7f0: 6720 6974 2e20 2046 6f72 0a65 7861 6d70 g it. For.examp\n-0002b800: 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6966 205b 2022 le:.. if [ \"\n-0002b810: 2431 2220 3d20 7075 7267 6520 5d20 2626 $1\" = purge ] &&\n-0002b820: 205b 202d 6520 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 [ -e /usr/share\n-0002b830: 2f64 6562 636f 6e66 2f63 6f6e 666d 6f64 /debconf/confmod\n-0002b840: 756c 6520 5d3b 2074 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 ule ]; then. \n-0002b850: 2020 2020 202e 202f 7573 722f 7368 6172 . /usr/shar\n-0002b860: 652f 6465 6263 6f6e 662f 636f 6e66 6d6f e/debconf/confmo\n-0002b870: 6475 6c65 2064 625f 7075 7267 650a 2020 dule db_purge. \n-0002b880: 2020 2066 690a 0a69 6e20 e280 9870 6f73 fi..in ...pos\n-0002b890: 7472 6de2 8099 2070 7572 6765 7320 7468 trm... purges th\n-0002b8a0: 6520 e280 9864 6562 636f 6e66 e280 9920 e ...debconf... \n-0002b8b0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 666f configuration fo\n-0002b8c0: 7220 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6966 r the package if\n-0002b8d0: 0a64 6562 636f 6e66 2069 7320 696e 7374 .debconf is inst\n-0002b8e0: 616c 6c65 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 alled.....File: \n-0002b8f0: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n-0002b900: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2044 6574 6169 fo, Node: Detai\n-0002b910: 6c73 206f 6620 756e 7061 636b 2070 6861 ls of unpack pha\n-0002b920: 7365 206f 6620 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 se of installati\n-0002b930: 6f6e 206f 7220 7570 6772 6164 652c 2020 on or upgrade, \n-0002b940: 4e65 7874 3a20 4465 7461 696c 7320 6f66 Next: Details of\n-0002b950: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 configuration, \n-0002b960: 2050 7265 763a 2053 756d 6d61 7279 206f Prev: Summary o\n-0002b970: 6620 7761 7973 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 f ways maintaine\n-0002b980: 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 6172 6520 6361 r scripts are ca\n-0002b990: 6c6c 6564 2c20 2055 703a 2050 6163 6b61 lled, Up: Packa\n-0002b9a0: 6765 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 ge maintainer sc\n-0002b9b0: 7269 7074 7320 616e 6420 696e 7374 616c ripts and instal\n-0002b9c0: 6c61 7469 6f6e 2070 726f 6365 6475 7265 lation procedure\n-0002b9d0: 0a0a 352e 3620 4465 7461 696c 7320 6f66 ..5.6 Details of\n-0002b9e0: 2075 6e70 6163 6b20 7068 6173 6520 6f66 unpack phase of\n-0002b9f0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 6f72 installation or\n-0002ba00: 2075 7067 7261 6465 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d upgrade.=======\n-0002ba10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0002ba20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0002ba30: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-0002ba40: 0a54 6865 2070 726f 6365 6475 7265 206f .The procedure o\n-0002ba50: 6e20 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2f75 n installation/u\n-0002ba60: 7067 7261 6465 2f6f 7665 7277 7269 7465 pgrade/overwrite\n-0002ba70: 2f64 6973 6170 7065 6172 2028 692e 652e /disappear (i.e.\n-0002ba80: 2c20 7768 656e 0a72 756e 6e69 6e67 20e2 , when.running .\n-0002ba90: 8098 6470 6b67 202d 2d75 6e70 6163 6be2 ..dpkg --unpack.\n-0002baa0: 8099 2c20 6f72 2074 6865 2075 6e70 6163 .., or the unpac\n-0002bab0: 6b20 7374 6167 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 6470 k stage of ...dp\n-0002bac0: 6b67 202d 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9929 kg --install...)\n-0002bad0: 2069 7320 6173 0a66 6f6c 6c6f 7773 2e20 is as.follows. \n-0002bae0: 2028 3129 2020 496e 2065 6163 6820 6361 (1) In each ca\n-0002baf0: 7365 2c20 6966 2061 206d 616a 6f72 2065 se, if a major e\n-0002bb00: 7272 6f72 206f 6363 7572 7320 2875 6e6c rror occurs (unl\n-0002bb10: 6573 7320 6c69 7374 6564 0a62 656c 6f77 ess listed.below\n-0002bb20: 2920 7468 6520 6163 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 ) the actions ar\n-0002bb30: 652c 2069 6e20 6765 6e65 7261 6c2c 2072 e, in general, r\n-0002bb40: 756e 2062 6163 6b77 6172 6473 202d 2074 un backwards - t\n-0002bb50: 6869 7320 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 2074 his means that t\n-0002bb60: 6865 0a6d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 he.maintainer sc\n-0002bb70: 7269 7074 7320 6172 6520 7275 6e20 7769 ripts are run wi\n-0002bb80: 7468 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2061 7267 th different arg\n-0002bb90: 756d 656e 7473 2069 6e20 7265 7665 7273 uments in revers\n-0002bba0: 6520 6f72 6465 722e 0a54 6865 7365 2061 e order..These a\n-0002bbb0: 7265 2074 6865 20e2 809c 6572 726f 7220 re the ...error \n-0002bbc0: 756e 7769 6e64 e280 9d20 6361 6c6c 7320 unwind... calls \n-0002bbd0: 6c69 7374 6564 2062 656c 6f77 2e0a 0a20 listed below... \n-0002bbe0: 2031 2e20 4e6f 7469 6679 2074 6865 2063 1. Notify the c\n-0002bbf0: 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c urrently install\n-0002bc00: 6564 2070 6163 6b61 6765 3a0a 0a20 2020 ed package:.. \n-0002bc10: 2020 2020 612e 2049 6620 6120 7665 7273 a. If a vers\n-0002bc20: 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 ion of the packa\n-0002bc30: 6765 2069 7320 616c 7265 6164 7920 e280 ge is already ..\n-0002bc40: 9c49 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 9d2c 2063 .Installed..., c\n-0002bc50: 616c 6c0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 all.. \n-0002bc60: 2020 2020 6f6c 642d 7072 6572 6d20 7570 old-prerm up\n-0002bc70: 6772 6164 6520 606e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 grade `new-versi\n-0002bc80: 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 622e 2049 on'.. b. 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If this does \n-0002bd70: 6e6f 7420 776f 726b 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 not work,. \n-0002bd80: 2020 2020 7468 6520 6572 726f 7220 756e the error un\n-0002bd90: 7769 6e64 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 wind:.. \n-0002bda0: 2020 2020 2020 606f 6c64 2d70 6f73 7469 `old-posti\n-0002bdb0: 6e73 7427 2061 626f 7274 2d75 7067 7261 nst' abort-upgra\n-0002bdc0: 6465 2060 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 de `new-version'\n-0002bdd0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4966 2074 .. If t\n-0002bde0: 6869 7320 776f 726b 732c 2074 6865 6e20 his works, then \n-0002bdf0: 7468 6520 276f 6c64 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e the 'old-version\n-0002be00: 2720 6973 20e2 809c 496e 7374 616c 6c65 ' is ...Installe\n-0002be10: 64e2 809d 2c20 6966 206e 6f74 2c0a 2020 d..., if not,. \n-0002be20: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7468 6520 6f6c 6420 the old \n-0002be30: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6973 2069 6e20 6120 version is in a \n-0002be40: e280 9c48 616c 662d 436f 6e66 6967 7572 ...Half-Configur\n-0002be50: 6564 e280 9d20 7374 6174 652e 0a0a 2020 ed... state... \n-0002be60: 322e 2049 6620 6120 e280 9c63 6f6e 666c 2. If a ...confl\n-0002be70: 6963 7469 6e67 e280 9d20 7061 636b 6167 icting... packag\n-0002be80: 6520 6973 2062 6569 6e67 2072 656d 6f76 e is being remov\n-0002be90: 6564 2061 7420 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2074 ed at the same t\n-0002bea0: 696d 652c 206f 7220 6966 0a20 2020 2020 ime, or if. \n-0002beb0: 616e 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 7769 6c6c any package will\n-0002bec0: 2062 6520 6272 6f6b 656e 2028 6475 6520 be broken (due \n-0002bed0: 746f 20e2 8098 4272 6561 6b73 e280 9929 to ...Breaks...)\n-0002bee0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 612e 2049 6620 :.. a. If \n-0002bef0: e280 982d 2d61 7574 6f2d 6465 636f 6e66 ...--auto-deconf\n-0002bf00: 6967 7572 65e2 8099 2069 7320 7370 6563 igure... is spec\n-0002bf10: 6966 6965 642c 2063 616c 6c2c 2066 6f72 ified, call, for\n-0002bf20: 2065 6163 6820 7061 636b 6167 650a 2020 each package. \n-0002bf30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 746f 2062 6520 6465 to be de\n-0002bf40: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2064 7565 2074 configured due t\n-0002bf50: 6f20 e280 9842 7265 616b 73e2 8099 3a0a o ...Breaks...:.\n-0002bf60: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0002bf70: 6064 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6427 732d `deconfigured's-\n-0002bf80: 7072 6572 6d27 2064 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 prerm' deconfigu\n-0002bf90: 7265 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 re \\. \n-0002bfa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 2d66 6176 6f75 in-favou\n-0002bfb0: 7220 6070 6163 6b61 6765 2d62 6569 6e67 r `package-being\n-0002bfc0: 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2720 6076 6572 -installed' `ver\n-0002bfd0: 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 sion'.. \n-0002bfe0: 2045 7272 6f72 2075 6e77 696e 643a 0a0a Error unwind:..\n-0002bff0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 `\n-0002c000: 6465 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2773 2d70 deconfigured's-p\n-0002c010: 6f73 7469 6e73 7427 2061 626f 7274 2d64 ostinst' abort-d\n-0002c020: 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 205c 0a20 2020 econfigure \\. \n-0002c030: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002c040: 696e 2d66 6176 6f75 7220 6070 6163 6b61 in-favour `packa\n-0002c050: 6765 2d62 6569 6e67 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c ge-being-install\n-0002c060: 6564 2d62 7574 2d66 6169 6c65 6427 2060 ed-but-failed' `\n-0002c070: 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 version'.. \n-0002c080: 2020 2020 5468 6520 6465 636f 6e66 6967 The deconfig\n-0002c090: 7572 6564 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6172 ured packages ar\n-0002c0a0: 6520 6d61 726b 6564 2061 7320 7265 7175 e marked as requ\n-0002c0b0: 6972 696e 670a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 iring. \n-0002c0c0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 2073 configuration, s\n-0002c0d0: 6f20 7468 6174 2069 6620 e280 982d 2d69 o that if ...--i\n-0002c0e0: 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 9920 6973 2075 7365 nstall... is use\n-0002c0f0: 6420 7468 6579 2077 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 d they will be. \n-0002c100: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 configu\n-0002c110: 7265 6420 6167 6169 6e20 6966 2070 6f73 red again if pos\n-0002c120: 7369 626c 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2062 sible... b\n-0002c130: 2e20 4966 2061 6e79 2070 6163 6b61 6765 . If any package\n-0002c140: 7320 6465 7065 6e64 6564 206f 6e20 6120 s depended on a \n-0002c150: 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 696e 6720 7061 636b conflicting pack\n-0002c160: 6167 6520 6265 696e 670a 2020 2020 2020 age being. \n-0002c170: 2020 2020 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 616e 6420 removed and \n-0002c180: e280 982d 2d61 7574 6f2d 6465 636f 6e66 ...--auto-deconf\n-0002c190: 6967 7572 65e2 8099 2069 7320 7370 6563 igure... is spec\n-0002c1a0: 6966 6965 642c 2063 616c 6c2c 2066 6f72 ified, call, for\n-0002c1b0: 2065 6163 680a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 each. \n-0002c1c0: 7375 6368 2070 6163 6b61 6765 3a0a 0a20 such package:.. \n-0002c1d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6064 `d\n-0002c1e0: 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6427 732d 7072 econfigured's-pr\n-0002c1f0: 6572 6d27 2064 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 erm' deconfigure\n-0002c200: 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \\. \n-0002c210: 2020 2020 2069 6e2d 6661 766f 7572 2060 in-favour `\n-0002c220: 7061 636b 6167 652d 6265 696e 672d 696e package-being-in\n-0002c230: 7374 616c 6c65 6427 2060 7665 7273 696f stalled' `versio\n-0002c240: 6e27 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n' \\. \n-0002c250: 2020 2020 2020 2072 656d 6f76 696e 6720 removing \n-0002c260: 6063 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 6e67 2d70 6163 `conflicting-pac\n-0002c270: 6b61 6765 2720 6076 6572 7369 6f6e 270a kage' `version'.\n-0002c280: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 7272 6f72 . Error\n-0002c290: 2075 6e77 696e 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 unwind:.. \n-0002c2a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 6465 636f 6e66 `deconf\n-0002c2b0: 6967 7572 6564 2773 2d70 6f73 7469 6e73 igured's-postins\n-0002c2c0: 7427 2061 626f 7274 2d64 6563 6f6e 6669 t' abort-deconfi\n-0002c2d0: 6775 7265 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 gure \\. \n-0002c2e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 2d66 6176 in-fav\n-0002c2f0: 6f75 7220 6070 6163 6b61 6765 2d62 6569 our `package-bei\n-0002c300: 6e67 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2d62 7574 ng-installed-but\n-0002c310: 2d66 6169 6c65 6427 2060 7665 7273 696f -failed' `versio\n-0002c320: 6e27 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n' \\. \n-0002c330: 2020 2020 2020 2020 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 removing\n-0002c340: 2060 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 696e 672d 7061 `conflicting-pa\n-0002c350: 636b 6167 6527 2060 7665 7273 696f 6e27 ckage' `version'\n-0002c360: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 5468 6520 .. The \n-0002c370: 6465 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2070 6163 deconfigured pac\n-0002c380: 6b61 6765 7320 6172 6520 6d61 726b 6564 kages are marked\n-0002c390: 2061 7320 7265 7175 6972 696e 670a 2020 as requiring. \n-0002c3a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 configur\n-0002c3b0: 6174 696f 6e2c 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2069 ation, so that i\n-0002c3c0: 6620 e280 982d 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 f ...--install..\n-0002c3d0: 9920 6973 2075 7365 6420 7468 6579 2077 . is used they w\n-0002c3e0: 696c 6c20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ill be. \n-0002c3f0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 6167 6169 configured agai\n-0002c400: 6e20 6966 2070 6f73 7369 626c 652e 0a0a n if possible...\n-0002c410: 2020 2020 2020 2063 2e20 546f 2070 7265 c. To pre\n-0002c420: 7061 7265 2066 6f72 2072 656d 6f76 616c pare for removal\n-0002c430: 206f 6620 6561 6368 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 of each conflic\n-0002c440: 7469 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 6361 ting package, ca\n-0002c450: 6c6c 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ll:.. \n-0002c460: 2020 2020 6063 6f6e 666c 6963 746f 7227 `conflictor'\n-0002c470: 732d 7072 6572 6d27 2072 656d 6f76 6520 s-prerm' remove \n-0002c480: 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \\. \n-0002c490: 2020 2020 2069 6e2d 6661 766f 7572 2060 in-favour `\n-0002c4a0: 7061 636b 6167 6527 2060 6e65 772d 7665 package' `new-ve\n-0002c4b0: 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 rsion'.. \n-0002c4c0: 2020 4572 726f 7220 756e 7769 6e64 3a0a Error unwind:.\n-0002c4d0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0002c4e0: 6063 6f6e 666c 6963 746f 7227 732d 706f `conflictor's-po\n-0002c4f0: 7374 696e 7374 2720 6162 6f72 742d 7265 stinst' abort-re\n-0002c500: 6d6f 7665 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 move \\. \n-0002c510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 696e 2d66 6176 in-fav\n-0002c520: 6f75 7220 6070 6163 6b61 6765 2720 606e our `package' `n\n-0002c530: 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2033 ew-version'.. 3\n-0002c540: 2e20 5275 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9870 7265 . Run the ...pre\n-0002c550: 696e 7374 e280 9920 6f66 2074 6865 206e inst... of the n\n-0002c560: 6577 2070 6163 6b61 6765 3a0a 0a20 2020 ew package:.. \n-0002c570: 2020 2020 612e 2049 6620 7468 6520 7061 a. If the pa\n-0002c580: 636b 6167 6520 6973 2062 6569 6e67 2075 ckage is being u\n-0002c590: 7067 7261 6465 642c 2063 616c 6c3a 0a0a pgraded, call:..\n-0002c5a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 `\n-0002c5b0: 6e65 772d 7072 6569 6e73 7427 2075 7067 new-preinst' upg\n-0002c5c0: 7261 6465 2060 6f6c 642d 7665 7273 696f rade `old-versio\n-0002c5d0: 6e27 2060 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 n' `new-version'\n-0002c5e0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4966 2074 .. If t\n-0002c5f0: 6869 7320 6661 696c 732c 2077 6520 6361 his fails, we ca\n-0002c600: 6c6c 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ll:.. \n-0002c610: 2020 2020 606e 6577 2d70 6f73 7472 6d27 `new-postrm'\n-0002c620: 2061 626f 7274 2d75 7067 7261 6465 2060 abort-upgrade `\n-0002c630: 6f6c 642d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 2060 6e65 old-version' `ne\n-0002c640: 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 w-version'.. \n-0002c650: 2020 2020 2020 2020 312e 2049 6620 7468 1. If th\n-0002c660: 6174 2077 6f72 6b73 2c20 7468 656e 0a0a at works, then..\n-0002c670: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n-0002c680: 2020 2020 606f 6c64 2d70 6f73 7469 6e73 `old-postins\n-0002c690: 7427 2061 626f 7274 2d75 7067 7261 6465 t' abort-upgrade\n-0002c6a0: 2060 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a `new-version'..\n-0002c6b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 i\n-0002c6c0: 7320 6361 6c6c 6564 2e20 2049 6620 7468 s called. If th\n-0002c6d0: 6973 2077 6f72 6b73 2c20 7468 656e 2074 is works, then t\n-0002c6e0: 6865 206f 6c64 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2069 he old version i\n-0002c6f0: 7320 696e 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 s in an. \n-0002c700: 2020 2020 2020 20e2 809c 496e 7374 616c ...Instal\n-0002c710: 6c65 64e2 809d 2073 7461 7465 2c20 6f72 led... state, or\n-0002c720: 2065 6c73 6520 6974 2069 7320 6c65 6674 else it is left\n-0002c730: 2069 6e20 616e 20e2 809c 556e 7061 636b in an ...Unpack\n-0002c740: 6564 e280 9d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ed.... \n-0002c750: 2020 2020 2073 7461 7465 2e0a 0a20 2020 state... \n-0002c760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2032 2e20 4966 2069 2. If i\n-0002c770: 7420 6661 696c 732c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 t fails, then th\n-0002c780: 6520 6f6c 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6973 e old version is\n-0002c790: 206c 6566 7420 696e 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 left in an. \n-0002c7a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 20e2 809c 4861 ...Ha\n-0002c7b0: 6c66 2d49 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 9d20 lf-Installed... \n-0002c7c0: 7374 6174 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2062 state... b\n-0002c7d0: 2e20 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c 2069 6620 . Otherwise, if \n-0002c7e0: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6861 6420 the package had \n-0002c7f0: 736f 6d65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 some configurati\n-0002c800: 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2066 726f 6d20 610a on files from a.\n-0002c810: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7072 6576 696f previo\n-0002c820: 7573 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2069 6e73 7461 us version insta\n-0002c830: 6c6c 6564 2028 692e 652e 2c20 6974 2069 lled (i.e., it i\n-0002c840: 7320 696e 2074 6865 20e2 809c 436f 6e66 s in the ...Conf\n-0002c850: 6967 2d46 696c 6573 e280 9d0a 2020 2020 ig-Files.... \n-0002c860: 2020 2020 2020 7374 6174 6529 3a0a 0a20 state):.. \n-0002c870: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 606e `n\n-0002c880: 6577 2d70 7265 696e 7374 2720 696e 7374 ew-preinst' inst\n-0002c890: 616c 6c20 606f 6c64 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e all `old-version\n-0002c8a0: 2720 606e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a ' `new-version'.\n-0002c8b0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 7272 6f72 . Error\n-0002c8c0: 2075 6e77 696e 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 unwind:.. \n-0002c8d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 6e65 772d 706f `new-po\n-0002c8e0: 7374 726d 2720 6162 6f72 742d 696e 7374 strm' abort-inst\n-0002c8f0: 616c 6c20 606f 6c64 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e all `old-version\n-0002c900: 2720 606e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a ' `new-version'.\n-0002c910: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 . If th\n-0002c920: 6973 2066 6169 6c73 2c20 7468 6520 7061 is fails, the pa\n-0002c930: 636b 6167 6520 6973 206c 6566 7420 696e ckage is left in\n-0002c940: 2061 20e2 809c 4861 6c66 2d49 6e73 7461 a ...Half-Insta\n-0002c950: 6c6c 6564 e280 9d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 lled.... \n-0002c960: 2020 7374 6174 652c 2077 6869 6368 2072 state, which r\n-0002c970: 6571 7569 7265 7320 6120 7265 696e 7374 equires a reinst\n-0002c980: 616c 6c2e 2020 4966 2069 7420 776f 726b all. If it work\n-0002c990: 732c 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a s, the packages.\n-0002c9a0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6973 206c 6566 is lef\n-0002c9b0: 7420 696e 2061 20e2 809c 436f 6e66 6967 t in a ...Config\n-0002c9c0: 2d46 696c 6573 e280 9d20 7374 6174 652e -Files... state.\n-0002c9d0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2063 2e20 4f74 6865 .. c. Othe\n-0002c9e0: 7277 6973 6520 2869 2e65 2e2c 2074 6865 rwise (i.e., the\n-0002c9f0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6173 2063 6f6d package was com\n-0002ca00: 706c 6574 656c 7920 7075 7267 6564 293a pletely purged):\n-0002ca10: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .. \n-0002ca20: 2060 6e65 772d 7072 6569 6e73 7427 2069 `new-preinst' i\n-0002ca30: 6e73 7461 6c6c 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 nstall.. \n-0002ca40: 2020 4572 726f 7220 756e 7769 6e64 3a0a Error unwind:.\n-0002ca50: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n-0002ca60: 606e 6577 2d70 6f73 7472 6d27 2061 626f `new-postrm' abo\n-0002ca70: 7274 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 0a0a 2020 2020 rt-install.. \n-0002ca80: 2020 2020 2020 4966 2074 6865 2065 7272 If the err\n-0002ca90: 6f72 2d75 6e77 696e 6420 6661 696c 732c or-unwind fails,\n-0002caa0: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 the package is \n-0002cab0: 696e 2061 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 20e2 in a. .\n-0002cac0: 809c 4861 6c66 2d49 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 ..Half-Installed\n-0002cad0: e280 9d20 7068 6173 652c 2061 6e64 2072 ... phase, and r\n-0002cae0: 6571 7569 7265 7320 6120 7265 696e 7374 equires a reinst\n-0002caf0: 616c 6c2e 2020 4966 2074 6865 0a20 2020 all. If the. \n-0002cb00: 2020 2020 2020 2065 7272 6f72 2075 6e77 error unw\n-0002cb10: 696e 6420 776f 726b 732c 2074 6865 2070 ind works, the p\n-0002cb20: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 696e 2074 6865 ackage is in the\n-0002cb30: 20e2 809c 4e6f 742d 496e 7374 616c 6c65 ...Not-Installe\n-0002cb40: 64e2 809d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 d.... s\n-0002cb50: 7461 7465 2e0a 0a20 2034 2e20 5468 6520 tate... 4. The \n-0002cb60: 6e65 7720 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 7320 new package...s \n-0002cb70: 6669 6c65 7320 6172 6520 756e 7061 636b files are unpack\n-0002cb80: 6564 2c20 6f76 6572 7772 6974 696e 6720 ed, overwriting \n-0002cb90: 616e 7920 7468 6174 206d 6179 2062 650a any that may be.\n-0002cba0: 2020 2020 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7379 7374 on the syst\n-0002cbb0: 656d 2061 6c72 6561 6479 2c20 666f 7220 em already, for \n-0002cbc0: 6578 616d 706c 6520 616e 7920 6672 6f6d example any from\n-0002cbd0: 2074 6865 206f 6c64 2076 6572 7369 6f6e the old version\n-0002cbe0: 206f 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2073 616d of the. sam\n-0002cbf0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6f72 2066 726f e package or fro\n-0002cc00: 6d20 616e 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 m another packag\n-0002cc10: 652e 2020 4261 636b 7570 7320 6f66 2074 e. Backups of t\n-0002cc20: 6865 206f 6c64 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 he old files are\n-0002cc30: 0a20 2020 2020 6b65 7074 2074 656d 706f . kept tempo\n-0002cc40: 7261 7269 6c79 2c20 616e 6420 6966 2061 rarily, and if a\n-0002cc50: 6e79 7468 696e 6720 676f 6573 2077 726f nything goes wro\n-0002cc60: 6e67 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d ng the package m\n-0002cc70: 616e 6167 656d 656e 740a 2020 2020 2073 anagement. s\n-0002cc80: 7973 7465 6d20 7769 6c6c 2061 7474 656d ystem will attem\n-0002cc90: 7074 2074 6f20 7075 7420 7468 656d 2062 pt to put them b\n-0002cca0: 6163 6b20 6173 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 ack as part of t\n-0002ccb0: 6865 2065 7272 6f72 2075 6e77 696e 642e he error unwind.\n-0002ccc0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 7420 6973 2061 6e20 .. It is an \n-0002ccd0: 6572 726f 7220 666f 7220 6120 7061 636b error for a pack\n-0002cce0: 6167 6520 746f 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2066 age to contain f\n-0002ccf0: 696c 6573 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 206f iles which are o\n-0002cd00: 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2073 7973 7465 n the. syste\n-0002cd10: 6d20 696e 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2070 6163 m in another pac\n-0002cd20: 6b61 6765 2c20 756e 6c65 7373 20e2 8098 kage, unless ...\n-0002cd30: 5265 706c 6163 6573 e280 9920 6973 2075 Replaces... is u\n-0002cd40: 7365 6420 2873 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 0a20 sed (see *note. \n-0002cd50: 2020 2020 4f76 6572 7772 6974 696e 6720 Overwriting \n-0002cd60: 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7265 706c 6163 files and replac\n-0002cd70: 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d 2052 ing packages - R\n-0002cd80: 6570 6c61 6365 733a 2064 362e 292e 0a0a eplaces: d6.)...\n-0002cd90: 2020 2020 2049 7420 6973 2061 206d 6f72 It is a mor\n-0002cda0: 6520 7365 7269 6f75 7320 6572 726f 7220 e serious error \n-0002cdb0: 666f 7220 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f for a package to\n-0002cdc0: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2061 2070 6c61 696e contain a plain\n-0002cdd0: 2066 696c 6520 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6f74 file or. ot\n-0002cde0: 6865 7220 6b69 6e64 206f 6620 6e6f 6e2d her kind of non-\n-0002cdf0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7768 6572 6520 directory where \n-0002ce00: 616e 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 6520 another package \n-0002ce10: 6861 7320 6120 6469 7265 6374 6f72 790a has a directory.\n-0002ce20: 2020 2020 2028 6167 6169 6e2c 2075 6e6c (again, unl\n-0002ce30: 6573 7320 e280 9852 6570 6c61 6365 73e2 ess ...Replaces.\n-0002ce40: 8099 2069 7320 7573 6564 292e 2020 5468 .. is used). Th\n-0002ce50: 6973 2065 7272 6f72 2063 616e 2062 6520 is error can be \n-0002ce60: 6f76 6572 7269 6464 656e 0a20 2020 2020 overridden. \n-0002ce70: 6966 2064 6573 6972 6564 2075 7369 6e67 if desired using\n-0002ce80: 20e2 8098 2d2d 666f 7263 652d 6f76 6572 ...--force-over\n-0002ce90: 7772 6974 652d 6469 72e2 8099 2c20 6275 write-dir..., bu\n-0002cea0: 7420 7468 6973 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 2020 t this is not. \n-0002ceb0: 2020 2061 6476 6973 6162 6c65 2e0a 0a20 advisable... \n-0002cec0: 2020 2020 5061 636b 6167 6573 2077 6869 Packages whi\n-0002ced0: 6368 206f 7665 7277 7269 7465 2065 6163 ch overwrite eac\n-0002cee0: 6820 6f74 6865 72e2 8099 7320 6669 6c65 h other...s file\n-0002cef0: 7320 7072 6f64 7563 6520 6265 6861 7669 s produce behavi\n-0002cf00: 6f72 2077 6869 6368 2c0a 2020 2020 2074 or which,. t\n-0002cf10: 686f 7567 6820 6465 7465 726d 696e 6973 hough determinis\n-0002cf20: 7469 632c 2069 7320 6861 7264 2066 6f72 tic, is hard for\n-0002cf30: 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6164 6d69 the system admi\n-0002cf40: 6e69 7374 7261 746f 7220 746f 0a20 2020 nistrator to. \n-0002cf50: 2020 756e 6465 7273 7461 6e64 2e20 2049 understand. I\n-0002cf60: 7420 6361 6e20 6561 7369 6c79 206c 6561 t can easily lea\n-0002cf70: 6420 746f 20e2 809c 6d69 7373 696e 67e2 d to ...missing.\n-0002cf80: 809d 2070 726f 6772 616d 7320 6966 2c20 .. programs if, \n-0002cf90: 666f 720a 2020 2020 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 for. example\n-0002cfa0: 2c20 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2075 , a package is u\n-0002cfb0: 6e70 6163 6b65 6420 7768 6963 6820 6f76 npacked which ov\n-0002cfc0: 6572 7772 6974 6573 2061 2066 696c 6520 erwrites a file \n-0002cfd0: 6672 6f6d 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 0a20 2020 from another. \n-0002cfe0: 2020 7061 636b 6167 652c 2061 6e64 2069 package, and i\n-0002cff0: 7320 7468 656e 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2061 s then removed a\n-0002d000: 6761 696e 2e20 2028 3229 0a0a 2020 2020 gain. (2).. \n-0002d010: 2041 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2077 696c A directory wil\n-0002d020: 6c20 6e65 7665 7220 6265 2072 6570 6c61 l never be repla\n-0002d030: 6365 6420 6279 2061 2073 796d 626f 6c69 ced by a symboli\n-0002d040: 6320 6c69 6e6b 2074 6f20 610a 2020 2020 c link to a. \n-0002d050: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 206f 7220 7669 directory or vi\n-0002d060: 6365 2076 6572 7361 3b20 696e 7374 6561 ce versa; instea\n-0002d070: 642c 2074 6865 2065 7869 7374 696e 6720 d, the existing \n-0002d080: 7374 6174 6520 2873 796d 6c69 6e6b 206f state (symlink o\n-0002d090: 720a 2020 2020 206e 6f74 2920 7769 6c6c r. not) will\n-0002d0a0: 2062 6520 6c65 6674 2061 6c6f 6e65 2061 be left alone a\n-0002d0b0: 6e64 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 7769 nd ...dpkg... wi\n-0002d0c0: 6c6c 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7720 7468 6520 7379 ll follow the sy\n-0002d0d0: 6d6c 696e 6b20 6966 2074 6865 7265 0a20 mlink if there. \n-0002d0e0: 2020 2020 6973 206f 6e65 2e0a 0a20 2035 is one... 5\n-0002d0f0: 2e20 4966 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 . If the package\n-0002d100: 2069 7320 6265 696e 6720 7570 6772 6164 is being upgrad\n-0002d110: 6564 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 612e 2043 ed:.. a. C\n-0002d120: 616c 6c3a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 all:.. \n-0002d130: 2020 2020 2060 6f6c 642d 706f 7374 726d `old-postrm\n-0002d140: 2720 7570 6772 6164 6520 606e 6577 2d76 ' upgrade `new-v\n-0002d150: 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ersion'.. \n-0002d160: 622e 2049 6620 7468 6973 2066 6169 6c73 b. If this fails\n-0002d170: 2c20 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2077 696c , ...dpkg... wil\n-0002d180: 6c20 6174 7465 6d70 743a 0a0a 2020 2020 l attempt:.. \n-0002d190: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 6e65 772d `new-\n-0002d1a0: 706f 7374 726d 2720 6661 696c 6564 2d75 postrm' failed-u\n-0002d1b0: 7067 7261 6465 2060 6f6c 642d 7665 7273 pgrade `old-vers\n-0002d1c0: 696f 6e27 2060 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f ion' `new-versio\n-0002d1d0: 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4966 n'.. If\n-0002d1e0: 2074 6869 7320 776f 726b 732c 2069 6e73 this works, ins\n-0002d1f0: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 636f 6e74 696e tallation contin\n-0002d200: 7565 732e 2020 4966 206e 6f74 2c20 4572 ues. If not, Er\n-0002d210: 726f 7220 756e 7769 6e64 3a0a 0a20 2020 ror unwind:.. \n-0002d220: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 606f 6c64 `old\n-0002d230: 2d70 7265 696e 7374 2720 6162 6f72 742d -preinst' abort-\n-0002d240: 7570 6772 6164 6520 606e 6577 2d76 6572 upgrade `new-ver\n-0002d250: 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 sion'.. \n-0002d260: 2049 6620 7468 6973 2066 6169 6c73 2c20 If this fails, \n-0002d270: 7468 6520 6f6c 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 the old version \n-0002d280: 6973 206c 6566 7420 696e 2061 20e2 809c is left in a ...\n-0002d290: 4861 6c66 2d49 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 Half-Installed..\n-0002d2a0: 9d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7374 6174 .. stat\n-0002d2b0: 652e 2020 4966 2069 7420 776f 726b 732c e. If it works,\n-0002d2c0: 2064 706b 6720 6e6f 7720 6361 6c6c 733a dpkg now calls:\n-0002d2d0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .. \n-0002d2e0: 2060 6e65 772d 706f 7374 726d 2720 6162 `new-postrm' ab\n-0002d2f0: 6f72 742d 7570 6772 6164 6520 606f 6c64 ort-upgrade `old\n-0002d300: 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 2720 606e 6577 2d76 -version' `new-v\n-0002d310: 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ersion'.. \n-0002d320: 2020 2049 6620 7468 6973 2066 6169 6c73 If this fails\n-0002d330: 2c20 7468 6520 6f6c 6420 7665 7273 696f , the old versio\n-0002d340: 6e20 6973 206c 6566 7420 696e 2061 20e2 n is left in a .\n-0002d350: 809c 4861 6c66 2d49 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 ..Half-Installed\n-0002d360: e280 9d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7374 .... st\n-0002d370: 6174 652e 2020 4966 2069 7420 776f 726b ate. If it work\n-0002d380: 732c 2064 706b 6720 6e6f 7720 6361 6c6c s, dpkg now call\n-0002d390: 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 s:.. \n-0002d3a0: 2020 2060 6f6c 642d 706f 7374 696e 7374 `old-postinst\n-0002d3b0: 2720 6162 6f72 742d 7570 6772 6164 6520 ' abort-upgrade \n-0002d3c0: 606e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 `new-version'.. \n-0002d3d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6973 If this\n-0002d3e0: 2066 6169 6c73 2c20 7468 6520 6f6c 6420 fails, the old \n-0002d3f0: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6973 2069 6e20 616e version is in an\n-0002d400: 20e2 809c 556e 7061 636b 6564 e280 9d20 ...Unpacked... \n-0002d410: 7374 6174 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6869 state... Thi\n-0002d420: 7320 6973 2074 6865 2070 6f69 6e74 206f s is the point o\n-0002d430: 6620 6e6f 2072 6574 7572 6e2e 2020 4966 f no return. If\n-0002d440: 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 6765 7473 ...dpkg... gets\n-0002d450: 2074 6869 7320 6661 722c 2069 7420 776f this far, it wo\n-0002d460: 6ee2 8099 740a 2020 2020 2062 6163 6b20 n...t. back \n-0002d470: 6f66 6620 7061 7374 2074 6869 7320 706f off past this po\n-0002d480: 696e 7420 6966 2061 6e20 6572 726f 7220 int if an error \n-0002d490: 6f63 6375 7273 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7769 occurs. This wi\n-0002d4a0: 6c6c 206c 6561 7665 2074 6865 0a20 2020 ll leave the. \n-0002d4b0: 2020 7061 636b 6167 6520 696e 2061 2066 package in a f\n-0002d4c0: 6169 726c 7920 6261 6420 7374 6174 652c airly bad state,\n-0002d4d0: 2077 6869 6368 2077 696c 6c20 7265 7175 which will requ\n-0002d4e0: 6972 6520 6120 7375 6363 6573 7366 756c ire a successful\n-0002d4f0: 0a20 2020 2020 7265 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c . re-install\n-0002d500: 6174 696f 6e20 746f 2063 6c65 6172 2075 ation to clear u\n-0002d510: 702c 2062 7574 2069 74e2 8099 7320 7768 p, but it...s wh\n-0002d520: 656e 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 7374 en ...dpkg... st\n-0002d530: 6172 7473 2064 6f69 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 arts doing. \n-0002d540: 7468 696e 6773 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 things that are \n-0002d550: 6972 7265 7665 7273 6962 6c65 2e0a 0a20 irreversible... \n-0002d560: 2036 2e20 416e 7920 6669 6c65 7320 7768 6. Any files wh\n-0002d570: 6963 6820 7765 7265 2069 6e20 7468 6520 ich were in the \n-0002d580: 6f6c 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 old version of t\n-0002d590: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2062 7574 206e he package but n\n-0002d5a0: 6f74 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 2074 6865 206e ot in. the n\n-0002d5b0: 6577 2061 7265 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2e0a ew are removed..\n-0002d5c0: 0a20 2037 2e20 5468 6520 6e65 7720 6669 . 7. The new fi\n-0002d5d0: 6c65 206c 6973 7420 7265 706c 6163 6573 le list replaces\n-0002d5e0: 2074 6865 206f 6c64 2e0a 0a20 2038 2e20 the old... 8. \n-0002d5f0: 5468 6520 6e65 7720 6d61 696e 7461 696e The new maintain\n-0002d600: 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2072 6570 6c61 er scripts repla\n-0002d610: 6365 2074 6865 206f 6c64 2e0a 0a20 2039 ce the old... 9\n-0002d620: 2e20 416e 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 . Any packages a\n-0002d630: 6c6c 206f 6620 7768 6f73 6520 6669 6c65 ll of whose file\n-0002d640: 7320 6861 7665 2062 6565 6e20 6f76 6572 s have been over\n-0002d650: 7772 6974 7465 6e20 6475 7269 6e67 2074 written during t\n-0002d660: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7374 616c 6c61 he. installa\n-0002d670: 7469 6f6e 2c20 616e 6420 7768 6963 6820 tion, and which \n-0002d680: 6172 656e e280 9974 2072 6571 7569 7265 aren...t require\n-0002d690: 6420 666f 7220 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 d for dependenci\n-0002d6a0: 6573 2c20 6172 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e es, are. con\n-0002d6b0: 7369 6465 7265 6420 746f 2068 6176 6520 sidered to have \n-0002d6c0: 6265 656e 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2e20 2046 been removed. F\n-0002d6d0: 6f72 2065 6163 6820 7375 6368 2070 6163 or each such pac\n-0002d6e0: 6b61 6765 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2061 2e20 kage.. a. \n-0002d6f0: e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2063 616c 6c73 ...dpkg... calls\n-0002d700: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :.. \n-0002d710: 2020 6064 6973 6170 7065 6172 6572 2773 `disappearer's\n-0002d720: 2d70 6f73 7472 6d27 2064 6973 6170 7065 -postrm' disappe\n-0002d730: 6172 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ar \\. \n-0002d740: 2020 2020 2020 2020 606f 7665 7277 7269 `overwri\n-0002d750: 7465 7227 2060 6f76 6572 7772 6974 6572 ter' `overwriter\n-0002d760: 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 -version'.. \n-0002d770: 2020 622e 2054 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 b. The package\n-0002d780: e280 9973 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 ...s maintainer \n-0002d790: 7363 7269 7074 7320 6172 6520 7265 6d6f scripts are remo\n-0002d7a0: 7665 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2063 2e20 ved... c. \n-0002d7b0: 4974 2069 7320 6e6f 7465 6420 696e 2074 It is noted in t\n-0002d7c0: 6865 2073 7461 7475 7320 6461 7461 6261 he status databa\n-0002d7d0: 7365 2061 7320 6265 696e 6720 696e 2061 se as being in a\n-0002d7e0: 2073 616e 6520 7374 6174 652c 0a20 2020 sane state,. \n-0002d7f0: 2020 2020 2020 206e 616d 656c 7920 e280 namely ..\n-0002d800: 9c4e 6f74 2d49 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 .Not-Installed..\n-0002d810: 9d20 2861 6e79 2063 6f6e 6666 696c 6573 . (any conffiles\n-0002d820: 2069 7420 6d61 7920 6861 7665 2061 7265 it may have are\n-0002d830: 2069 676e 6f72 6564 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 ignored,. \n-0002d840: 2020 2020 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 rather than \n-0002d850: 6265 696e 6720 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 6279 being removed by\n-0002d860: 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9929 2e20 204e ...dpkg...). N\n-0002d870: 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2064 6973 6170 7065 ote that disappe\n-0002d880: 6172 696e 670a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 aring. \n-0002d890: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 packages do not \n-0002d8a0: 6861 7665 2074 6865 6972 2070 7265 726d have their prerm\n-0002d8b0: 2063 616c 6c65 642c 2062 6563 6175 7365 called, because\n-0002d8c0: 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 990a 2020 2020 ...dpkg.... \n-0002d8d0: 2020 2020 2020 646f 6573 6ee2 8099 7420 doesn...t \n-0002d8e0: 6b6e 6f77 2069 6e20 6164 7661 6e63 6520 know in advance \n-0002d8f0: 7468 6174 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 that the package\n-0002d900: 2069 7320 676f 696e 6720 746f 2076 616e is going to van\n-0002d910: 6973 682e 0a0a 2020 3130 2e20 416e 7920 ish... 10. Any \n-0002d920: 6669 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 2070 6163 files in the pac\n-0002d930: 6b61 6765 2077 65e2 8099 7265 2075 6e70 kage we...re unp\n-0002d940: 6163 6b69 6e67 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 acking that are \n-0002d950: 616c 736f 206c 6973 7465 6420 696e 0a20 also listed in. \n-0002d960: 2020 2020 7468 6520 6669 6c65 206c 6973 the file lis\n-0002d970: 7473 206f 6620 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b ts of other pack\n-0002d980: 6167 6573 2061 7265 2072 656d 6f76 6564 ages are removed\n-0002d990: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6f73 6520 6c69 7374 from those list\n-0002d9a0: 732e 0a20 2020 2020 2854 6869 7320 7769 s.. (This wi\n-0002d9b0: 6c6c 206c 6f62 6f74 6f6d 697a 6520 7468 ll lobotomize th\n-0002d9c0: 6520 6669 6c65 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2074 e file list of t\n-0002d9d0: 6865 20e2 809c 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 696e he ...conflictin\n-0002d9e0: 67e2 809d 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 660a g... package if.\n-0002d9f0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 6f6e there is on\n-0002da00: 652e 290a 0a20 2031 312e 2054 6865 2062 e.).. 11. 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If the\n-0002db70: 7265 2077 6173 2061 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 re was a conflic\n-0002db80: 7469 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6520 ting package we \n-0002db90: 676f 2061 6e64 2064 6f20 7468 6520 7265 go and do the re\n-0002dba0: 6d6f 7661 6c0a 2020 2020 2061 6374 696f moval. actio\n-0002dbb0: 6e73 2028 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 6265 ns (described be\n-0002dbc0: 6c6f 7729 2c20 7374 6172 7469 6e67 2077 low), starting w\n-0002dbd0: 6974 6820 7468 6520 7265 6d6f 7661 6c20 ith the removal \n-0002dbe0: 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 of the. conf\n-0002dbf0: 6c69 6374 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 65e2 licting package.\n-0002dc00: 8099 7320 6669 6c65 7320 2861 6e79 2074 ..s files (any t\n-0002dc10: 6861 7420 6172 6520 616c 736f 2069 6e20 hat are also in \n-0002dc20: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6265 696e the package bein\n-0002dc30: 670a 2020 2020 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 6420 g. unpacked \n-0002dc40: 6861 7665 2061 6c72 6561 6479 2062 6565 have already bee\n-0002dc50: 6e20 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 n removed from t\n-0002dc60: 6865 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 6e67 2070 he conflicting p\n-0002dc70: 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 0a20 2020 2020 ackage...s. \n-0002dc80: 6669 6c65 206c 6973 742c 2061 6e64 2073 file list, and s\n-0002dc90: 6f20 646f 206e 6f74 2067 6574 2072 656d o do not get rem\n-0002dca0: 6f76 6564 206e 6f77 292e 0a0a 2020 202d oved now)... -\n-0002dcb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f --------- Footno\n-0002dcc0: 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a tes ----------..\n-0002dcd0: 2020 2028 3129 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 (1) See *note\n-0002dce0: 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 Maintainer scri\n-0002dcf0: 7074 2066 6c6f 7763 6861 7274 733a 2064 pt flowcharts: d\n-0002dd00: 352e 2066 6f72 2066 6c6f 7763 6861 7274 5. for flowchart\n-0002dd10: 730a 696c 6c75 7374 7261 7469 6e67 2074 s.illustrating t\n-0002dd20: 6865 2070 726f 6365 7373 6573 2064 6573 he processes des\n-0002dd30: 6372 6962 6564 2068 6572 652e 0a0a 2020 cribed here... \n-0002dd40: 2028 3229 2050 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 (2) Part of the\n-0002dd50: 2070 726f 626c 656d 2069 7320 6475 6520 problem is due \n-0002dd60: 746f 2077 6861 7420 6973 2061 7267 7561 to what is argua\n-0002dd70: 626c 7920 6120 6275 6720 696e 20e2 8098 bly a bug in ...\n-0002dd80: 6470 6b67 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 dpkg........File\n-0002dd90: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n-0002dda0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2044 6574 info, Node: Det\n-0002ddb0: 6169 6c73 206f 6620 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ails of configur\n-0002ddc0: 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4465 ation, Next: De\n-0002ddd0: 7461 696c 7320 6f66 2072 656d 6f76 616c tails of removal\n-0002dde0: 2061 6e64 2f6f 7220 636f 6e66 6967 7572 and/or configur\n-0002ddf0: 6174 696f 6e20 7075 7267 696e 672c 2020 ation purging, \n-0002de00: 5072 6576 3a20 4465 7461 696c 7320 6f66 Prev: Details of\n-0002de10: 2075 6e70 6163 6b20 7068 6173 6520 6f66 unpack phase of\n-0002de20: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 6f72 installation or\n-0002de30: 2075 7067 7261 6465 2c20 2055 703a 2050 upgrade, Up: P\n-0002de40: 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 ackage maintaine\n-0002de50: 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 616e 6420 696e r scripts and in\n-0002de60: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2070 726f 6365 stallation proce\n-0002de70: 6475 7265 0a0a 352e 3720 4465 7461 696c dure..5.7 Detail\n-0002de80: 7320 6f66 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 s of configurati\n-0002de90: 6f6e 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d on.=============\n-0002dea0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-0002deb0: 0a57 6865 6e20 7765 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 .When we configu\n-0002dec0: 7265 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2028 7468 re a package (th\n-0002ded0: 6973 2068 6170 7065 6e73 2077 6974 6820 is happens with \n-0002dee0: e280 9864 706b 6720 2d2d 696e 7374 616c ...dpkg --instal\n-0002def0: 6ce2 8099 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 6470 6b67 l... and....dpkg\n-0002df00: 202d 2d63 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 e280 9929 --configure...)\n-0002df10: 2c20 7765 2066 6972 7374 2075 7064 6174 , we first updat\n-0002df20: 6520 616e 7920 e280 9863 6f6e 6666 696c e any ...conffil\n-0002df30: 65e2 8099 7320 616e 6420 7468 656e 2063 e...s and then c\n-0002df40: 616c 6c3a 0a0a 2020 2020 2060 706f 7374 all:.. `post\n-0002df50: 696e 7374 2720 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6520 inst' configure \n-0002df60: 606d 6f73 742d 7265 6365 6e74 6c79 2d63 `most-recently-c\n-0002df70: 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 642d 7665 7273 696f onfigured-versio\n-0002df80: 6e27 0a0a 4e6f 2061 7474 656d 7074 2069 n'..No attempt i\n-0002df90: 7320 6d61 6465 2074 6f20 756e 7769 6e64 s made to unwind\n-0002dfa0: 2061 6674 6572 2065 7272 6f72 7320 6475 after errors du\n-0002dfb0: 7269 6e67 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 ring configurati\n-0002dfc0: 6f6e 2e20 2049 6620 7468 650a 636f 6e66 on. If the.conf\n-0002dfd0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6661 696c 732c iguration fails,\n-0002dfe0: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 the package is \n-0002dff0: 696e 2061 20e2 809c 4861 6c66 2d43 6f6e in a ...Half-Con\n-0002e000: 6669 6775 7265 64e2 809d 2073 7461 7465 figured... state\n-0002e010: 2c20 616e 6420 616e 0a65 7272 6f72 206d , and an.error m\n-0002e020: 6573 7361 6765 2069 7320 6765 6e65 7261 essage is genera\n-0002e030: 7465 642e 0a0a 4966 2074 6865 7265 2069 ted...If there i\n-0002e040: 7320 6e6f 206d 6f73 7420 7265 6365 6e74 s no most recent\n-0002e050: 6c79 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 7665 ly configured ve\n-0002e060: 7273 696f 6e20 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 rsion ...dpkg...\n-0002e070: 2077 696c 6c20 7061 7373 2061 206e 756c will pass a nul\n-0002e080: 6c0a 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2e20 2028 3129 l.argument. (1)\n-0002e090: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n-0002e0a0: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n-0002e0b0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2048 6973 ----.. (1) His\n-0002e0c0: 746f 7269 6361 6c20 6e6f 7465 3a20 5472 torical note: Tr\n-0002e0d0: 756c 7920 616e 6369 656e 7420 2870 7265 uly ancient (pre\n-0002e0e0: 2d31 3939 3729 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 -1997) versions \n-0002e0f0: 6f66 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 990a 7061 of ...dpkg....pa\n-0002e100: 7373 6564 20e2 8098 3c75 6e6b 6e6f 776e ssed ...... (including \n-0002e120: 7468 6520 616e 676c 6520 6272 6163 6b65 the angle bracke\n-0002e130: 7473 2920 696e 2074 6869 7320 6361 7365 ts) in this case\n-0002e140: 2e20 2045 7665 6e0a 6f6c 6465 7220 6f6e . Even.older on\n-0002e150: 6573 2064 6964 206e 6f74 2070 6173 7320 es did not pass \n-0002e160: 6120 7365 636f 6e64 2061 7267 756d 656e a second argumen\n-0002e170: 7420 6174 2061 6c6c 2c20 756e 6465 7220 t at all, under \n-0002e180: 616e 790a 6369 7263 756d 7374 616e 6365 any.circumstance\n-0002e190: 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2075 7067 . Note that upg\n-0002e1a0: 7261 6465 7320 7573 696e 6720 7375 6368 rades using such\n-0002e1b0: 2061 6e20 6f6c 6420 6470 6b67 2076 6572 an old dpkg ver\n-0002e1c0: 7369 6f6e 2061 7265 0a75 6e6c 696b 656c sion are.unlikel\n-0002e1d0: 7920 746f 2077 6f72 6b20 666f 7220 6f74 y to work for ot\n-0002e1e0: 6865 7220 7265 6173 6f6e 732c 2065 7665 her reasons, eve\n-0002e1f0: 6e20 6966 2074 6869 7320 6f6c 6420 6172 n if this old ar\n-0002e200: 6775 6d65 6e74 2062 6568 6176 696f 720a gument behavior.\n-0002e210: 6973 2068 616e 646c 6564 2062 7920 796f is handled by yo\n-0002e220: 7572 2070 6f73 7469 6e73 7420 7363 7269 ur postinst scri\n-0002e230: 7074 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 pt.....File: deb\n-0002e240: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n-0002e250: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 7461 696c 7320 Node: Details \n-0002e260: 6f66 2072 656d 6f76 616c 2061 6e64 2f6f of removal and/o\n-0002e270: 7220 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 r configuration \n-0002e280: 7075 7267 696e 672c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 purging, Prev: \n-0002e290: 4465 7461 696c 7320 6f66 2063 6f6e 6669 Details of confi\n-0002e2a0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2050 guration, Up: P\n-0002e2b0: 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 ackage maintaine\n-0002e2c0: 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 616e 6420 696e r scripts and in\n-0002e2d0: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2070 726f 6365 stallation proce\n-0002e2e0: 6475 7265 0a0a 352e 3820 4465 7461 696c dure..5.8 Detail\n-0002e2f0: 7320 6f66 2072 656d 6f76 616c 2061 6e64 s of removal and\n-0002e300: 2f6f 7220 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f /or configuratio\n-0002e310: 6e20 7075 7267 696e 670a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d n purging.======\n-0002e320: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0002e330: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0002e340: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a20 =============.. \n-0002e350: 2031 2e20 2020 2020 2060 7072 6572 6d27 1. `prerm'\n-0002e360: 2072 656d 6f76 650a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 remove.. If\n-0002e370: 2070 7265 726d 2066 6169 6c73 2064 7572 prerm fails dur\n-0002e380: 696e 6720 7265 706c 6163 656d 656e 7420 ing replacement \n-0002e390: 6475 6520 746f 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 740a due to conflict.\n-0002e3a0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 636f 6e66 . `conf\n-0002e3b0: 6c69 6374 6f72 2773 2d70 6f73 7469 6e73 lictor's-postins\n-0002e3c0: 7427 2061 626f 7274 2d72 656d 6f76 6520 t' abort-remove \n-0002e3d0: 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \\. \n-0002e3e0: 696e 2d66 6176 6f75 7220 6070 6163 6b61 in-favour `packa\n-0002e3f0: 6765 2720 606e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e ge' `new-version\n-0002e400: 270a 0a20 2020 2020 4f72 2065 6c73 6520 '.. Or else \n-0002e410: 7765 2063 616c 6c3a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 we call:.. \n-0002e420: 2020 2020 6070 6f73 7469 6e73 7427 2061 `postinst' a\n-0002e430: 626f 7274 2d72 656d 6f76 650a 0a20 2020 bort-remove.. \n-0002e440: 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6661 696c 732c If this fails,\n-0002e450: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 the package is \n-0002e460: 696e 2061 20e2 809c 4861 6c66 2d43 6f6e in a ...Half-Con\n-0002e470: 6669 6775 7265 64e2 809d 2073 7461 7465 figured... state\n-0002e480: 2c20 6f72 2065 6c73 650a 2020 2020 2069 , or else. i\n-0002e490: 7420 7265 6d61 696e 7320 e280 9c49 6e73 t remains ...Ins\n-0002e4a0: 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 9d2e 0a0a 2020 322e talled...... 2.\n-0002e4b0: 2054 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 The package...s\n-0002e4c0: 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 2072 656d 6f76 files are remov\n-0002e4d0: 6564 2028 6578 6365 7074 20e2 8098 636f ed (except ...co\n-0002e4e0: 6e66 6669 6c65 e280 9973 292e 0a0a 2020 nffile...s)... \n-0002e4f0: 332e 2020 2020 2020 6070 6f73 7472 6d27 3. `postrm'\n-0002e500: 2072 656d 6f76 650a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 remove.. 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The .\n-0002e6b0: 8098 636f 6e66 6669 6c65 e280 9973 2061 ..conffile...s a\n-0002e6c0: 6e64 2061 6e79 2062 6163 6b75 7020 6669 nd any backup fi\n-0002e6d0: 6c65 7320 28e2 8098 7ee2 8099 2d66 696c les (...~...-fil\n-0002e6e0: 6573 2c20 e280 9823 2a23 e280 9920 6669 es, ...#*#... fi\n-0002e6f0: 6c65 732c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9825 e280 les,. ...%..\n-0002e700: 992d 6669 6c65 732c 20e2 8098 2e64 706b .-files, ....dpk\n-0002e710: 672d 7b6f 6c64 2c6e 6577 2c74 6d70 7de2 g-{old,new,tmp}.\n-0002e720: 8099 2c20 6574 632e 2920 2061 7265 2072 .., etc.) are r\n-0002e730: 656d 6f76 6564 2e0a 0a20 2036 2e20 2020 emoved... 6. \n-0002e740: 2020 2060 706f 7374 726d 2720 7075 7267 `postrm' purg\n-0002e750: 650a 0a20 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 e.. 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They are a\n-0002ed10: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2070 6163 6b61 6765 list of package\n-0002ed20: 0a6e 616d 6573 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 .names separated\n-0002ed30: 2062 7920 636f 6d6d 6173 2e0a 0a49 6e20 by commas...In \n-0002ed40: 7468 6520 e280 9844 6570 656e 6473 e280 the ...Depends..\n-0002ed50: 992c 20e2 8098 5265 636f 6d6d 656e 6473 ., ...Recommends\n-0002ed60: e280 992c 20e2 8098 5375 6767 6573 7473 ..., ...Suggests\n-0002ed70: e280 992c 20e2 8098 5072 652d 4465 7065 ..., ...Pre-Depe\n-0002ed80: 6e64 73e2 8099 2c0a e280 9842 7569 6c64 nds...,....Build\n-0002ed90: 2d44 6570 656e 6473 e280 992c 20e2 8098 -Depends..., ...\n-0002eda0: 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 732d 496e Build-Depends-In\n-0002edb0: 6465 70e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 4275 dep... and ...Bu\n-0002edc0: 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 732d 4172 6368 ild-Depends-Arch\n-0002edd0: e280 9920 636f 6e74 726f 6c0a 6669 656c ... control.fiel\n-0002ede0: 6473 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 ds of the packag\n-0002edf0: 652c 2077 6869 6368 2064 6563 6c61 7265 e, which declare\n-0002ee00: 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6f6e dependencies on\n-0002ee10: 206f 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c other packages,\n-0002ee20: 2074 6865 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 206e 616d the.package nam\n-0002ee30: 6573 206c 6973 7465 6420 6d61 7920 616c es listed may al\n-0002ee40: 736f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 206c 6973 7473 so include lists\n-0002ee50: 206f 6620 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 6520 of alternative \n-0002ee60: 7061 636b 6167 650a 6e61 6d65 732c 2073 package.names, s\n-0002ee70: 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 7665 7274 eparated by vert\n-0002ee80: 6963 616c 2062 6172 2028 7069 7065 2920 ical bar (pipe) \n-0002ee90: 7379 6d62 6f6c 7320 e280 987c e280 992e symbols ...|....\n-0002eea0: 2020 496e 2073 7563 6820 6120 6361 7365 In such a case\n-0002eeb0: 2c0a 7468 6174 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 ,.that part of t\n-0002eec0: 6865 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 6361 he dependency ca\n-0002eed0: 6e20 6265 2073 6174 6973 6669 6564 2062 n be satisfied b\n-0002eee0: 7920 616e 7920 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 y any one of the\n-0002eef0: 0a61 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 2070 6163 .alternative pac\n-0002ef00: 6b61 6765 732e 2020 2841 6c74 6572 6e61 kages. 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(It is \n-0002f750: 6e6f 740a 7065 726d 6974 7465 6420 666f not.permitted fo\n-0002f760: 7220 736f 6d65 206e 616d 6573 2074 6f20 r some names to \n-0002f770: 6265 2070 7265 7065 6e64 6564 2077 6974 be prepended wit\n-0002f780: 6820 6578 636c 616d 6174 696f 6e20 6d61 h exclamation ma\n-0002f790: 726b 7320 7768 696c 650a 6f74 6865 7273 rks while.others\n-0002f7a0: 2061 7265 6ee2 8099 742e 290a 0a46 6f72 aren...t.)..For\n-0002f7b0: 2062 7569 6c64 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 build relations\n-0002f7c0: 6869 7020 6669 656c 6473 2028 e280 9842 hip fields (...B\n-0002f7d0: 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 e280 992c uild-Depends...,\n-0002f7e0: 20e2 8098 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 ...Build-Depend\n-0002f7f0: 732d 496e 6465 70e2 8099 2c0a e280 9842 s-Indep...,....B\n-0002f800: 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 2d41 7263 uild-Depends-Arc\n-0002f810: 68e2 8099 2c20 e280 9842 7569 6c64 2d43 h..., ...Build-C\n-0002f820: 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 e280 992c 20e2 8098 onflicts..., ...\n-0002f830: 4275 696c 642d 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 732d Build-Conflicts-\n-0002f840: 496e 6465 70e2 8099 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 Indep... and....\n-0002f850: 4275 696c 642d 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 732d Build-Conflicts-\n-0002f860: 4172 6368 e280 9929 2c20 6966 2074 6865 Arch...), if the\n-0002f870: 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2044 6562 6961 6e20 current Debian \n-0002f880: 686f 7374 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 host architectur\n-0002f890: 6520 6973 206e 6f74 0a69 6e20 7468 6973 e is not.in this\n-0002f8a0: 206c 6973 7420 616e 6420 7468 6572 6520 list and there \n-0002f8b0: 6172 6520 6e6f 2065 7863 6c61 6d61 7469 are no exclamati\n-0002f8c0: 6f6e 206d 6172 6b73 2069 6e20 7468 6520 on marks in the \n-0002f8d0: 6c69 7374 2c20 6f72 2069 7420 6973 2069 list, or it is i\n-0002f8e0: 6e0a 7468 6520 6c69 7374 2077 6974 6820 n.the list with \n-0002f8f0: 6120 7072 6570 656e 6465 6420 6578 636c a prepended excl\n-0002f900: 616d 6174 696f 6e20 6d61 726b 2c20 7468 amation mark, th\n-0002f910: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6e61 6d65 2061 e package name a\n-0002f920: 6e64 2074 6865 0a61 7373 6f63 6961 7465 nd the.associate\n-0002f930: 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 7370 6563 6966 d version specif\n-0002f940: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 6172 6520 6967 6e6f ication are igno\n-0002f950: 7265 6420 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 6c79 2066 red completely f\n-0002f960: 6f72 2074 6865 2070 7572 706f 7365 730a or the purposes.\n-0002f970: 6f66 2064 6566 696e 696e 6720 7468 6520 of defining the \n-0002f980: 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 732e 0a0a relationships...\n-0002f990: 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 653a 0a0a 2020 For example:.. \n-0002f9a0: 2020 2053 6f75 7263 653a 2067 6c69 6263 Source: glibc\n-0002f9b0: 0a20 2020 2020 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 . Build-Depe\n-0002f9c0: 6e64 732d 496e 6465 703a 2074 6578 696e nds-Indep: texin\n-0002f9d0: 666f 0a20 2020 2020 4275 696c 642d 4465 fo. Build-De\n-0002f9e0: 7065 6e64 733a 206b 6572 6e65 6c2d 6865 pends: kernel-he\n-0002f9f0: 6164 6572 732d 322e 322e 3130 205b 2168 aders-2.2.10 [!h\n-0002fa00: 7572 642d 6933 3836 5d2c 0a20 2020 2020 urd-i386],. \n-0002fa10: 2068 7572 642d 6465 7620 5b68 7572 642d hurd-dev [hurd-\n-0002fa20: 6933 3836 5d2c 2067 6e75 6d61 6368 2d64 i386], gnumach-d\n-0002fa30: 6576 205b 6875 7264 2d69 3338 365d 0a0a ev [hurd-i386]..\n-0002fa40: 7265 7175 6972 6573 20e2 8098 6b65 726e requires ...kern\n-0002fa50: 656c 2d68 6561 6465 7273 2d32 2e32 2e31 el-headers-2.2.1\n-0002fa60: 30e2 8099 206f 6e20 616c 6c20 6172 6368 0... on all arch\n-0002fa70: 6974 6563 7475 7265 7320 6f74 6865 7220 itectures other \n-0002fa80: 7468 616e 0a68 7572 642d 6933 3836 2061 than.hurd-i386 a\n-0002fa90: 6e64 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 e280 9868 nd requires ...h\n-0002faa0: 7572 642d 6465 76e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 urd-dev... and .\n-0002fab0: 8098 676e 756d 6163 682d 6465 76e2 8099 ..gnumach-dev...\n-0002fac0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 2068 7572 642d 6933 only on hurd-i3\n-0002fad0: 3836 2e0a 4865 7265 2069 7320 616e 6f74 86..Here is anot\n-0002fae0: 6865 7220 6578 616d 706c 6520 7368 6f77 her example show\n-0002faf0: 696e 6720 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2061 7263 ing multiple arc\n-0002fb00: 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 2073 6570 6172 hitectures separ\n-0002fb10: 6174 6564 2062 790a 7370 6163 6573 3a0a ated by.spaces:.\n-0002fb20: 0a20 2020 2020 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 . Build-Depe\n-0002fb30: 6e64 733a 0a20 2020 2020 206c 6962 6c75 nds:. liblu\n-0002fb40: 616a 6974 352e 312d 6465 7620 5b69 3338 ajit5.1-dev [i38\n-0002fb50: 3620 616d 6436 3420 6b66 7265 6562 7364 6 amd64 kfreebsd\n-0002fb60: 2d69 3338 3620 6172 6d65 6c20 6172 6d68 -i386 armel armh\n-0002fb70: 6620 706f 7765 7270 6320 6d69 7073 5d2c f powerpc mips],\n-0002fb80: 0a20 2020 2020 206c 6962 6c75 6135 2e31 . liblua5.1\n-0002fb90: 2d64 6576 205b 6875 7264 2d69 3338 3620 -dev [hurd-i386 \n-0002fba0: 6961 3634 206b 6672 6565 6273 642d 616d ia64 kfreebsd-am\n-0002fbb0: 6436 3420 7333 3930 7820 7370 6172 635d d64 s390x sparc]\n-0002fbc0: 2c0a 0a46 6f72 2062 696e 6172 7920 7265 ,..For binary re\n-0002fbd0: 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 2066 6965 6c64 lationship field\n-0002fbe0: 7320 616e 6420 7468 6520 e280 9842 7569 s and the ...Bui\n-0002fbf0: 6c74 2d55 7369 6e67 e280 9920 6669 656c lt-Using... fiel\n-0002fc00: 642c 2074 6865 0a61 7263 6869 7465 6374 d, the.architect\n-0002fc10: 7572 6520 7265 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e20 ure restriction \n-0002fc20: 7379 6e74 6178 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 2073 syntax is only s\n-0002fc30: 7570 706f 7274 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 upported in the \n-0002fc40: 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a74 source package.t\n-0002fc50: 656d 706c 6174 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 emplate control \n-0002fc60: 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f63 file ...debian/c\n-0002fc70: 6f6e 7472 6f6c e280 992e 2020 5768 656e ontrol.... When\n-0002fc80: 2074 6865 2063 6f72 7265 7370 6f6e 6469 the correspondi\n-0002fc90: 6e67 2062 696e 6172 790a 7061 636b 6167 ng binary.packag\n-0002fca0: 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 2069 e control file i\n-0002fcb0: 7320 6765 6e65 7261 7465 642c 2074 6865 s generated, the\n-0002fcc0: 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7020 7769 relationship wi\n-0002fcd0: 6c6c 2065 6974 6865 7220 6265 0a6f 6d69 ll either be.omi\n-0002fce0: 7474 6564 206f 7220 696e 636c 7564 6564 tted or included\n-0002fcf0: 2077 6974 686f 7574 2074 6865 2061 7263 without the arc\n-0002fd00: 6869 7465 6374 7572 6520 7265 7374 7269 hitecture restri\n-0002fd10: 6374 696f 6e20 6261 7365 6420 6f6e 2074 ction based on t\n-0002fd20: 6865 0a61 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6520 he.architecture \n-0002fd30: 6f66 2074 6865 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 of the binary pa\n-0002fd40: 636b 6167 652e 2020 5468 6973 206d 6561 ckage. This mea\n-0002fd50: 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6172 6368 6974 6563 ns that architec\n-0002fd60: 7475 7265 0a72 6573 7472 6963 7469 6f6e ture.restriction\n-0002fd70: 7320 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2062 6520 7573 s must not be us\n-0002fd80: 6564 2069 6e20 6269 6e61 7279 2072 656c ed in binary rel\n-0002fd90: 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7020 6669 656c 6473 ationship fields\n-0002fda0: 2066 6f72 0a61 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 for.architectur\n-0002fdb0: 652d 696e 6465 7065 6e64 656e 7420 7061 e-independent pa\n-0002fdc0: 636b 6167 6573 2028 e280 9841 7263 6869 ckages (...Archi\n-0002fdd0: 7465 6374 7572 653a 2061 6c6c e280 9929 tecture: all...)\n-0002fde0: 2e0a 0a46 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a ...For example:.\n-0002fdf0: 0a20 2020 2020 4465 7065 6e64 733a 2066 . Depends: f\n-0002fe00: 6f6f 205b 6933 3836 5d2c 2062 6172 205b oo [i386], bar [\n-0002fe10: 616d 6436 345d 0a0a 6265 636f 6d65 7320 amd64]..becomes \n-0002fe20: e280 9844 6570 656e 6473 3a20 666f 6fe2 ...Depends: foo.\n-0002fe30: 8099 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b .. when the pack\n-0002fe40: 6167 6520 6973 2062 7569 6c74 206f 6e20 age is built on \n-0002fe50: 7468 6520 e280 9869 3338 36e2 8099 0a61 the ...i386....a\n-0002fe60: 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 652c 20e2 8098 rchitecture, ...\n-0002fe70: 4465 7065 6e64 733a 2062 6172 e280 9920 Depends: bar... \n-0002fe80: 7768 656e 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 when the package\n-0002fe90: 2069 7320 6275 696c 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 is built on the\n-0002fea0: 20e2 8098 616d 6436 34e2 8099 0a61 7263 ...amd64....arc\n-0002feb0: 6869 7465 6374 7572 652c 2061 6e64 206f hitecture, and o\n-0002fec0: 6d69 7474 6564 2065 6e74 6972 656c 7920 mitted entirely \n-0002fed0: 696e 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 in binary packag\n-0002fee0: 6573 2062 7569 6c74 206f 6e20 616c 6c20 es built on all \n-0002fef0: 6f74 6865 720a 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 other.architectu\n-0002ff00: 7265 732e 0a0a 4966 2074 6865 2061 7263 res...If the arc\n-0002ff10: 6869 7465 6374 7572 652d 7265 7374 7269 hitecture-restri\n-0002ff20: 6374 6564 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 cted dependency \n-0002ff30: 6973 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2061 2073 6574 is part of a set\n-0002ff40: 206f 660a 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 6573 of.alternatives\n-0002ff50: 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 7ce2 8099 2c20 using ...|..., \n-0002ff60: 7468 6174 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 that alternative\n-0002ff70: 2069 7320 6967 6e6f 7265 6420 636f 6d70 is ignored comp\n-0002ff80: 6c65 7465 6c79 206f 6e0a 6172 6368 6974 letely on.archit\n-0002ff90: 6563 7475 7265 7320 7468 6174 2064 6f20 ectures that do \n-0002ffa0: 6e6f 7420 6d61 7463 6820 7468 6520 7265 not match the re\n-0002ffb0: 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e2e 2020 466f 7220 striction. For \n-0002ffc0: 6578 616d 706c 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2042 example:.. B\n-0002ffd0: 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 3a20 666f uild-Depends: fo\n-0002ffe0: 6f20 5b21 6933 3836 5d20 7c20 6261 7220 o [!i386] | bar \n-0002fff0: 5b21 616d 6436 345d 0a0a 6973 2065 7175 [!amd64]..is equ\n-00030000: 6976 616c 656e 7420 746f 20e2 8098 6261 ivalent to ...ba\n-00030010: 72e2 8099 206f 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9869 r... on the ...i\n-00030020: 3338 36e2 8099 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 386... architect\n-00030030: 7572 652c 2074 6f20 e280 9866 6f6f e280 ure, to ...foo..\n-00030040: 9920 6f6e 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 616d 6436 . on the....amd6\n-00030050: 34e2 8099 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 4... architectur\n-00030060: 652c 2061 6e64 2074 6f20 e280 9866 6f6f e, and to ...foo\n-00030070: 207c 2062 6172 e280 9920 6f6e 2061 6c6c | bar... on all\n-00030080: 206f 7468 6572 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 other architect\n-00030090: 7572 6573 2e0a 0a52 656c 6174 696f 6e73 ures...Relations\n-000300a0: 6869 7073 206d 6179 2061 6c73 6f20 6265 hips may also be\n-000300b0: 2072 6573 7472 6963 7465 6420 746f 2061 restricted to a\n-000300c0: 2063 6572 7461 696e 2073 6574 206f 6620 certain set of \n-000300d0: 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 730a 7573 architectures.us\n-000300e0: 696e 6720 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 ing architecture\n-000300f0: 2077 696c 6463 6172 6473 2069 6e20 7468 wildcards in th\n-00030100: 6520 666f 726d 6174 2064 6573 6372 6962 e format describ\n-00030110: 6564 2069 6e20 2a6e 6f74 650a 4172 6368 ed in *note.Arch\n-00030120: 6974 6563 7475 7265 2077 696c 6463 6172 itecture wildcar\n-00030130: 6473 3a20 6130 2e20 2054 6865 2073 796e ds: a0. The syn\n-00030140: 7461 7820 666f 7220 6465 636c 6172 696e tax for declarin\n-00030150: 6720 7375 6368 2072 6573 7472 6963 7469 g such restricti\n-00030160: 6f6e 730a 6973 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 ons.is the same \n-00030170: 6173 2064 6563 6c61 7269 6e67 2072 6573 as declaring res\n-00030180: 7472 6963 7469 6f6e 7320 7573 696e 6720 trictions using \n-00030190: 6120 6365 7274 6169 6e20 7365 7420 6f66 a certain set of\n-000301a0: 0a61 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 2077 .architectures w\n-000301b0: 6974 686f 7574 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 ithout architect\n-000301c0: 7572 6520 7769 6c64 6361 7264 732e 2020 ure wildcards. \n-000301d0: 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 653a 0a0a 2020 For example:.. \n-000301e0: 2020 2042 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 Build-Depends\n-000301f0: 3a20 666f 6f20 5b6c 696e 7578 2d61 6e79 : foo [linux-any\n-00030200: 5d2c 2062 6172 205b 616e 792d 6933 3836 ], bar [any-i386\n-00030210: 5d2c 2062 617a 205b 216c 696e 7578 2d61 ], baz [!linux-a\n-00030220: 6e79 5d0a 0a69 7320 6571 7569 7661 6c65 ny]..is equivale\n-00030230: 6e74 2074 6f20 e280 9866 6f6f e280 9920 nt to ...foo... \n-00030240: 6f6e 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 on architectures\n-00030250: 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6865 204c 696e 7578 using the Linux\n-00030260: 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 616e 6420 616e 790a kernel and any.\n-00030270: 6370 752c 20e2 8098 6261 72e2 8099 206f cpu, ...bar... o\n-00030280: 6e20 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 7320 n architectures \n-00030290: 7573 696e 6720 616e 7920 6b65 726e 656c using any kernel\n-000302a0: 2061 6e64 2061 6e20 6933 3836 2063 7075 and an i386 cpu\n-000302b0: 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9862 617a e280 990a , and ...baz....\n-000302c0: 6f6e 2061 6e79 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 on any architect\n-000302d0: 7572 6520 7573 696e 6720 6120 6b65 726e ure using a kern\n-000302e0: 656c 206f 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 4c69 el other than Li\n-000302f0: 6e75 782e 0a0a 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 nux...Note that \n-00030300: 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 the binary packa\n-00030310: 6765 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7020 ge relationship \n-00030320: 6669 656c 6473 2073 7563 6820 6173 20e2 fields such as .\n-00030330: 8098 4465 7065 6e64 73e2 8099 0a61 7070 ..Depends....app\n-00030340: 6561 7220 696e 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 ear in one of th\n-00030350: 6520 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e binary package\n-00030360: 2073 7461 6e7a 6173 206f 6620 7468 6520 stanzas of the \n-00030370: 7465 6d70 6c61 7465 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c template control\n-00030380: 0a66 696c 652c 2077 6865 7265 6173 2074 .file, whereas t\n-00030390: 6865 2062 7569 6c64 2d74 696d 6520 7265 he build-time re\n-000303a0: 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 7375 6368 lationships such\n-000303b0: 2061 7320 e280 9842 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 as ...Build-Dep\n-000303c0: 656e 6473 e280 990a 6170 7065 6172 2069 ends....appear i\n-000303d0: 6e20 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 n the source pac\n-000303e0: 6b61 6765 2073 7461 6e7a 6120 6f66 2074 kage stanza of t\n-000303f0: 6865 2074 656d 706c 6174 6520 636f 6e74 he template cont\n-00030400: 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 2028 7768 6963 680a rol file (which.\n-00030410: 6973 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2073 6563 is the first sec\n-00030420: 7469 6f6e 292e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d tion)... -----\n-00030430: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n-00030440: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n-00030450: 3129 2054 6865 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 1) The relations\n-00030460: 20e2 8098 3ce2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 ...<... and ...\n-00030470: 3ee2 8099 2077 6572 6520 7072 6576 696f >... were previo\n-00030480: 7573 6c79 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2c20 6275 usly allowed, bu\n-00030490: 7420 7468 6579 2077 6572 650a 636f 6e66 t they were.conf\n-000304a0: 7573 696e 676c 7920 6465 6669 6e65 6420 usingly defined \n-000304b0: 746f 206d 6561 6e20 6561 726c 6965 722f to mean earlier/\n-000304c0: 6c61 7465 7220 6f72 2065 7175 616c 2072 later or equal r\n-000304d0: 6174 6865 7220 7468 616e 2073 7472 6963 ather than stric\n-000304e0: 746c 790a 6561 726c 6965 722f 6c61 7465 tly.earlier/late\n-000304f0: 722e 2020 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2073 r. ...dpkg... s\n-00030500: 7469 6c6c 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 7468 till supports th\n-00030510: 656d 2077 6974 6820 6120 7761 726e 696e em with a warnin\n-00030520: 672c 2062 7574 2074 6865 7920 6172 650a g, but they are.\n-00030530: 6e6f 206c 6f6e 6765 7220 616c 6c6f 7765 no longer allowe\n-00030540: 6420 6279 2044 6562 6961 6e20 506f 6c69 d by Debian Poli\n-00030550: 6379 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 cy.....File: deb\n-00030560: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n-00030570: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4269 6e61 7279 2044 Node: Binary D\n-00030580: 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 2d20 4465 ependencies - De\n-00030590: 7065 6e64 7320 5265 636f 6d6d 656e 6473 pends Recommends\n-000305a0: 2053 7567 6765 7374 7320 456e 6861 6e63 Suggests Enhanc\n-000305b0: 6573 2050 7265 2d44 6570 656e 6473 2c20 es Pre-Depends, \n-000305c0: 204e 6578 743a 2050 6163 6b61 6765 7320 Next: Packages \n-000305d0: 7768 6963 6820 6272 6561 6b20 6f74 6865 which break othe\n-000305e0: 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d 2042 7265 r packages - Bre\n-000305f0: 616b 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5379 6e74 aks, Prev: Synt\n-00030600: 6178 206f 6620 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 ax of relationsh\n-00030610: 6970 2066 6965 6c64 732c 2020 5570 3a20 ip fields, Up: \n-00030620: 4465 636c 6172 696e 6720 7265 6c61 7469 Declaring relati\n-00030630: 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 onships between \n-00030640: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 362e 3220 4269 packages..6.2 Bi\n-00030650: 6e61 7279 2044 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 nary Dependencie\n-00030660: 7320 2d20 e280 9844 6570 656e 6473 e280 s - ...Depends..\n-00030670: 992c 20e2 8098 5265 636f 6d6d 656e 6473 ., ...Recommends\n-00030680: e280 992c 20e2 8098 5375 6767 6573 7473 ..., ...Suggests\n-00030690: e280 992c 20e2 8098 456e 6861 6e63 6573 ..., ...Enhances\n-000306a0: e280 992c 20e2 8098 5072 652d 4465 7065 ..., ...Pre-Depe\n-000306b0: 6e64 73e2 8099 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d nds....=========\n-000306c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000306d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000306e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000306f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00030700: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-00030710: 0a50 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6361 6e20 6465 .Packages can de\n-00030720: 636c 6172 6520 696e 2074 6865 6972 2063 clare in their c\n-00030730: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6520 7468 6174 ontrol file that\n-00030740: 2074 6865 7920 6861 7665 2063 6572 7461 they have certa\n-00030750: 696e 0a72 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7073 in.relationships\n-00030760: 2074 6f20 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 to other packag\n-00030770: 6573 202d 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 es - for example\n-00030780: 2c20 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 6361 6e6e , that they cann\n-00030790: 6f74 2062 650a 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 ot be.installed \n-000307a0: 6174 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7469 6d65 at the same time\n-000307b0: 2061 7320 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6f74 6865 as certain othe\n-000307c0: 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 616e 642f r packages, and/\n-000307d0: 6f72 2074 6861 7420 7468 6579 0a64 6570 or that they.dep\n-000307e0: 656e 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2070 7265 7365 end on the prese\n-000307f0: 6e63 6520 6f66 206f 7468 6572 732e 0a0a nce of others...\n-00030800: 5468 6973 2069 7320 646f 6e65 2075 7369 This is done usi\n-00030810: 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 4465 7065 6e64 ng the ...Depend\n-00030820: 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 9850 7265 2d44 6570 s..., ...Pre-Dep\n-00030830: 656e 6473 e280 992c 20e2 8098 5265 636f ends..., ...Reco\n-00030840: 6d6d 656e 6473 e280 992c 0ae2 8098 5375 mmends...,....Su\n-00030850: 6767 6573 7473 e280 992c 20e2 8098 456e ggests..., ...En\n-00030860: 6861 6e63 6573 e280 992c 20e2 8098 4272 hances..., ...Br\n-00030870: 6561 6b73 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9843 eaks... and ...C\n-00030880: 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 e280 9920 636f 6e74 onflicts... cont\n-00030890: 726f 6c20 6669 656c 6473 2e0a e280 9842 rol fields.....B\n-000308a0: 7265 616b 73e2 8099 2069 7320 6465 7363 reaks... is desc\n-000308b0: 7269 6265 6420 696e 202a 6e6f 7465 2050 ribed in *note P\n-000308c0: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7768 6963 6820 6272 ackages which br\n-000308d0: 6561 6b20 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 eak other packag\n-000308e0: 6573 202d 0a42 7265 616b 733a 2064 662c es -.Breaks: df,\n-000308f0: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 and ...Conflict\n-00030900: 73e2 8099 2069 7320 6465 7363 7269 6265 s... is describe\n-00030910: 6420 696e 202a 6e6f 7465 2043 6f6e 666c d in *note Confl\n-00030920: 6963 7469 6e67 2062 696e 6172 790a 7061 icting binary.pa\n-00030930: 636b 6167 6573 202d 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 ckages - 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The res\n-00030950: 7420 6172 6520 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 t are described \n-00030960: 6265 6c6f 772e 0a0a 5468 6573 6520 7365 below...These se\n-00030970: 7665 6e20 6669 656c 6473 2061 7265 2075 ven fields are u\n-00030980: 7365 6420 746f 2064 6563 6c61 7265 2061 sed to declare a\n-00030990: 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 7265 6c61 dependency rela\n-000309a0: 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 2062 7920 6f6e 650a tionship by one.\n-000309b0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6f6e 2061 6e6f 7468 package on anoth\n-000309c0: 6572 2e20 2045 7863 6570 7420 666f 7220 er. Except for \n-000309d0: e280 9845 6e68 616e 6365 73e2 8099 2061 ...Enhances... a\n-000309e0: 6e64 20e2 8098 4272 6561 6b73 e280 992c nd ...Breaks...,\n-000309f0: 2074 6865 7920 6170 7065 6172 2069 6e0a they appear in.\n-00030a00: 7468 6520 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 2862 the depending (b\n-00030a10: 696e 6172 7929 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e280 inary) package..\n-00030a20: 9973 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 652e .s control file.\n-00030a30: 2020 28e2 8098 456e 6861 6e63 6573 e280 (...Enhances..\n-00030a40: 9920 6170 7065 6172 7320 696e 0a74 6865 . appears in.the\n-00030a50: 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 696e 6720 7061 recommending pa\n-00030a60: 636b 6167 65e2 8099 7320 636f 6e74 726f ckage...s contro\n-00030a70: 6c20 6669 6c65 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9842 l file, and ...B\n-00030a80: 7265 616b 73e2 8099 2061 7070 6561 7273 reaks... appears\n-00030a90: 2069 6e20 7468 650a 7665 7273 696f 6e20 in the.version \n-00030aa0: 6f66 2064 6570 656e 6465 642d 6f6e 2070 of depended-on p\n-00030ab0: 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6869 6368 2063 6175 ackage which cau\n-00030ac0: 7365 7320 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 7061 ses the named pa\n-00030ad0: 636b 6167 6520 746f 2062 7265 616b 292e ckage to break).\n-00030ae0: 0a0a 4120 e280 9844 6570 656e 6473 e280 ..A ...Depends..\n-00030af0: 9920 6669 656c 6420 7461 6b65 7320 6566 . field takes ef\n-00030b00: 6665 6374 2027 6f6e 6c79 2720 7768 656e fect 'only' when\n-00030b10: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 746f a package is to\n-00030b20: 2062 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2e20 be.configured. \n-00030b30: 2049 7420 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2070 7265 It does not pre\n-00030b40: 7665 6e74 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2062 vent a package b\n-00030b50: 6569 6e67 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7379 7374 eing on the syst\n-00030b60: 656d 2069 6e20 616e 0a75 6e63 6f6e 6669 em in an.unconfi\n-00030b70: 6775 7265 6420 7374 6174 6520 7768 696c gured state whil\n-00030b80: 6520 6974 7320 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 e its dependenci\n-00030b90: 6573 2061 7265 2075 6e73 6174 6973 6669 es are unsatisfi\n-00030ba0: 6564 2c20 616e 6420 6974 2069 730a 706f ed, and it is.po\n-00030bb0: 7373 6962 6c65 2074 6f20 7265 706c 6163 ssible to replac\n-00030bc0: 6520 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 7768 6f73 e a package whos\n-00030bd0: 6520 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2061 e dependencies a\n-00030be0: 7265 2073 6174 6973 6669 6564 2061 6e64 re satisfied and\n-00030bf0: 2077 6869 6368 0a69 7320 7072 6f70 6572 which.is proper\n-00030c00: 6c79 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2077 6974 ly installed wit\n-00030c10: 6820 6120 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 7665 h a different ve\n-00030c20: 7273 696f 6e20 7768 6f73 6520 6465 7065 rsion whose depe\n-00030c30: 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2061 7265 0a6e 6f74 ndencies are.not\n-00030c40: 2061 6e64 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6265 2073 and cannot be s\n-00030c50: 6174 6973 6669 6564 3b20 7768 656e 2074 atisfied; when t\n-00030c60: 6869 7320 6973 2064 6f6e 6520 7468 6520 his is done the \n-00030c70: 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 depending packag\n-00030c80: 650a 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6c65 6674 2075 e.will be left u\n-00030c90: 6e63 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 2873 696e nconfigured (sin\n-00030ca0: 6365 2061 7474 656d 7074 7320 746f 2063 ce attempts to c\n-00030cb0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 2069 7420 7769 6c6c onfigure it will\n-00030cc0: 2067 6976 650a 6572 726f 7273 2920 616e give.errors) an\n-00030cd0: 6420 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2066 756e 6374 d will not funct\n-00030ce0: 696f 6e20 7072 6f70 6572 6c79 2e20 2049 ion properly. 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In thi\n-00031ee0: 7320 6361 7365 2c20 626f 7468 0a20 2020 s case, both. \n-00031ef0: 2020 7468 6520 7072 6576 696f 7573 6c79 the previously\n-00031f00: 2d63 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 616e 6420 -configured and \n-00031f10: 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 e280 9c55 6e70 currently ...Unp\n-00031f20: 6163 6b65 64e2 809d 206f 720a 2020 2020 acked... or. \n-00031f30: 20e2 809c 4861 6c66 2d43 6f6e 6669 6775 ...Half-Configu\n-00031f40: 7265 64e2 809d 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 red... versions \n-00031f50: 6d75 7374 2073 6174 6973 6679 2061 6e79 must satisfy any\n-00031f60: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2063 6c61 7573 6520 version clause \n-00031f70: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9850 in the. ...P\n-00031f80: 7265 2d44 6570 656e 6473 e280 9920 6669 re-Depends... fi\n-00031f90: 656c 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6865 6e20 eld... 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It \n-00032030: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 636f 6e73 6964 6572 will be consider\n-00032040: 6564 2073 6174 6973 6669 6564 206f 6e6c ed satisfied onl\n-00032050: 7920 6966 2074 6865 2064 6570 656e 6465 y if the depende\n-00032060: 642d 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 7061 636b 6167 d-on. packag\n-00032070: 6520 6861 7320 6265 656e 2063 6f72 7265 e has been corre\n-00032080: 6374 6c79 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 642e ctly configured.\n-00032090: 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c 2075 6e6c 696b However, unlik\n-000320a0: 6520 7769 7468 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9844 e with. ...D\n-000320b0: 6570 656e 6473 e280 992c 20e2 8098 5072 epends..., ...Pr\n-000320c0: 652d 4465 7065 6e64 73e2 8099 2064 6f65 e-Depends... doe\n-000320d0: 7320 6e6f 7420 7065 726d 6974 2063 6972 s not permit cir\n-000320e0: 6375 6c61 7220 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 cular dependenci\n-000320f0: 6573 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2062 6520 6272 es to. be br\n-00032100: 6f6b 656e 2e20 2049 6620 6120 6369 7263 oken. If a circ\n-00032110: 756c 6172 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 ular dependency \n-00032120: 6973 2065 6e63 6f75 6e74 6572 6564 2077 is encountered w\n-00032130: 6869 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 6174 7465 6d70 hile. attemp\n-00032140: 7469 6e67 2074 6f20 686f 6e6f 7220 e280 ting to honor ..\n-00032150: 9850 7265 2d44 6570 656e 6473 e280 992c .Pre-Depends...,\n-00032160: 2074 6865 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f the installatio\n-00032170: 6e20 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 2020 2020 2061 n will be. a\n-00032180: 626f 7274 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 borted... ..\n-00032190: 9850 7265 2d44 6570 656e 6473 e280 9920 .Pre-Depends... \n-000321a0: 6172 6520 616c 736f 2072 6571 7569 7265 are also require\n-000321b0: 6420 6966 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7072 6569 d if the ...prei\n-000321c0: 6e73 74e2 8099 2073 6372 6970 7420 6465 nst... script de\n-000321d0: 7065 6e64 7320 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 7468 pends on. th\n-000321e0: 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 7061 636b 6167 652e e named package.\n-000321f0: 2020 4974 2069 7320 6265 7374 2074 6f20 It is best to \n-00032200: 6176 6f69 6420 7468 6973 2073 6974 7561 avoid this situa\n-00032210: 7469 6f6e 2069 6620 706f 7373 6962 6c65 tion if possible\n-00032220: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9850 7265 2d44 ... ...Pre-D\n-00032230: 6570 656e 6473 e280 9920 7368 6f75 6c64 epends... should\n-00032240: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2073 7061 7269 6e67 be used sparing\n-00032250: 6c79 2c20 7072 6566 6572 6162 6c79 206f ly, preferably o\n-00032260: 6e6c 7920 6279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a nly by packages.\n-00032270: 2020 2020 2077 686f 7365 2070 7265 6d61 whose prema\n-00032280: 7475 7265 2075 7067 7261 6465 206f 7220 ture upgrade or \n-00032290: 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2077 6f75 installation wou\n-000322a0: 6c64 2068 616d 7065 7220 7468 6520 6162 ld hamper the ab\n-000322b0: 696c 6974 7920 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 7468 ility of. th\n-000322c0: 6520 7379 7374 656d 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 e system to cont\n-000322d0: 696e 7565 2077 6974 6820 616e 7920 7570 inue with any up\n-000322e0: 6772 6164 6520 7468 6174 206d 6967 6874 grade that might\n-000322f0: 2062 6520 696e 2070 726f 6772 6573 732e be in progress.\n-00032300: 0a0a 2020 2020 2059 6f75 2073 686f 756c .. You shoul\n-00032310: 6420 6e6f 7420 7370 6563 6966 7920 6120 d not specify a \n-00032320: e280 9850 7265 2d44 6570 656e 6473 e280 ...Pre-Depends..\n-00032330: 9920 656e 7472 7920 666f 7220 6120 7061 . entry for a pa\n-00032340: 636b 6167 6520 6265 666f 7265 0a20 2020 ckage before. \n-00032350: 2020 7468 6973 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 this has been \n-00032360: 6469 7363 7573 7365 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 discussed on the\n-00032370: 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2d64 6576 656c ...debian-devel\n-00032380: e280 9920 6d61 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 ... mailing list\n-00032390: 2061 6e64 2061 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e73 and a. cons\n-000323a0: 656e 7375 7320 6162 6f75 7420 646f 696e ensus about doin\n-000323b0: 6720 7468 6174 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 g that has been \n-000323c0: 7265 6163 6865 642e 2020 5365 6520 2a6e reached. See *n\n-000323d0: 6f74 650a 2020 2020 2044 6570 656e 6465 ote. Depende\n-000323e0: 6e63 6965 733a 2033 632e 0a0a 5768 656e ncies: 3c...When\n-000323f0: 2073 656c 6563 7469 6e67 2077 6869 6368 selecting which\n-00032400: 206c 6576 656c 206f 6620 6465 7065 6e64 level of depend\n-00032410: 656e 6379 2074 6f20 7573 6520 796f 7520 ency to use you \n-00032420: 7368 6f75 6c64 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7220 should consider \n-00032430: 686f 770a 696d 706f 7274 616e 7420 7468 how.important th\n-00032440: 6520 6465 7065 6e64 6564 2d6f 6e20 7061 e depended-on pa\n-00032450: 636b 6167 6520 6973 2074 6f20 7468 6520 ckage is to the \n-00032460: 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 6974 7920 6f66 functionality of\n-00032470: 2074 6865 206f 6e65 0a64 6563 6c61 7269 the one.declari\n-00032480: 6e67 2074 6865 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 ng the dependenc\n-00032490: 792e 2020 536f 6d65 2070 6163 6b61 6765 y. Some package\n-000324a0: 7320 6172 6520 636f 6d70 6f73 6564 206f s are composed o\n-000324b0: 6620 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 206f 660a f components of.\n-000324c0: 7661 7279 696e 6720 6465 6772 6565 7320 varying degrees \n-000324d0: 6f66 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e63 652e 2020 of importance. \n-000324e0: 5375 6368 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2073 Such a package s\n-000324f0: 686f 756c 6420 6c69 7374 2075 7369 6e67 hould list using\n-00032500: 0ae2 8098 4465 7065 6e64 73e2 8099 2074 ....Depends... t\n-00032510: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2873 2920 7768 he package(s) wh\n-00032520: 6963 6820 6172 6520 7265 7175 6972 6564 ich are required\n-00032530: 2062 7920 7468 6520 6d6f 7265 2069 6d70 by the more imp\n-00032540: 6f72 7461 6e74 0a63 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 ortant.component\n-00032550: 732e 2020 5468 6520 6f74 6865 7220 636f s. The other co\n-00032560: 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 e280 9920 7265 7175 mponents... requ\n-00032570: 6972 656d 656e 7473 206d 6179 2062 6520 irements may be \n-00032580: 6d65 6e74 696f 6e65 6420 6173 0a53 7567 mentioned as.Sug\n-00032590: 6765 7374 696f 6e73 206f 7220 5265 636f gestions or Reco\n-000325a0: 6d6d 656e 6461 7469 6f6e 732c 2061 7320 mmendations, as \n-000325b0: 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 746f 2074 appropriate to t\n-000325c0: 6865 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 73e2 8099 he components...\n-000325d0: 0a72 656c 6174 6976 6520 696d 706f 7274 .relative import\n-000325e0: 616e 6365 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ance... ------\n-000325f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d ---- Footnotes -\n-00032600: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 ---------.. (1\n-00032610: 2920 5468 6973 2061 7070 726f 6163 6820 ) This approach \n-00032620: 6d61 6b65 7320 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 makes dependency\n-00032630: 2072 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e20 6561 7369 resolution easi\n-00032640: 6572 2e20 2049 6620 7477 6f0a 7061 636b er. 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This.relaxed \n-000327b0: 7265 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e20 6d65 616e restriction mean\n-000327c0: 7320 7468 6174 2062 6f74 6820 6e65 7720 s that both new \n-000327d0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2063 616e 2062 6520 packages can be \n-000327e0: 756e 7061 636b 6564 0a74 6f67 6574 6865 unpacked.togethe\n-000327f0: 7220 616e 6420 7468 656e 2063 6f6e 6669 r and then confi\n-00032800: 6775 7265 6420 696e 2074 6865 6972 2064 gured in their d\n-00032810: 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 6f72 6465 722e ependency order.\n-00032820: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e ....File: debian\n-00032830: 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e -policy.info, N\n-00032840: 6f64 653a 2050 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7768 ode: Packages wh\n-00032850: 6963 6820 6272 6561 6b20 6f74 6865 7220 ich break other \n-00032860: 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d 2042 7265 616b packages - Break\n-00032870: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 436f 6e66 6c69 s, Next: Confli\n-00032880: 6374 696e 6720 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 cting binary pac\n-00032890: 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 kages - Conflict\n-000328a0: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4269 6e61 7279 s, Prev: Binary\n-000328b0: 2044 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 2d20 Dependencies - \n-000328c0: 4465 7065 6e64 7320 5265 636f 6d6d 656e Depends Recommen\n-000328d0: 6473 2053 7567 6765 7374 7320 456e 6861 ds Suggests Enha\n-000328e0: 6e63 6573 2050 7265 2d44 6570 656e 6473 nces Pre-Depends\n-000328f0: 2c20 2055 703a 2044 6563 6c61 7269 6e67 , Up: Declaring\n-00032900: 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7073 2062 relationships b\n-00032910: 6574 7765 656e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a etween packages.\n-00032920: 0a36 2e33 2050 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7768 .6.3 Packages wh\n-00032930: 6963 6820 6272 6561 6b20 6f74 6865 7220 ich break other \n-00032940: 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d 20e2 8098 4272 packages - ...Br\n-00032950: 6561 6b73 e280 990a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d eaks....========\n-00032960: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00032970: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00032980: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5768 656e ==========..When\n-00032990: 206f 6e65 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b one binary pack\n-000329a0: 6167 6520 6465 636c 6172 6573 2074 6861 age declares tha\n-000329b0: 7420 6974 2062 7265 616b 7320 616e 6f74 t it breaks anot\n-000329c0: 6865 722c 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 her, ...dpkg... \n-000329d0: 7769 6c6c 0a72 6566 7573 6520 746f 2061 will.refuse to a\n-000329e0: 6c6c 6f77 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 llow the package\n-000329f0: 2077 6869 6368 2064 6563 6c61 7265 7320 which declares \n-00032a00: e280 9842 7265 616b 73e2 8099 2074 6f20 ...Breaks... to \n-00032a10: 6265 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 640a 756e 6c65 be unpacked.unle\n-00032a20: 7373 2074 6865 2062 726f 6b65 6e20 7061 ss the broken pa\n-00032a30: 636b 6167 6520 6973 2064 6563 6f6e 6669 ckage is deconfi\n-00032a40: 6775 7265 6420 6669 7273 742c 2061 6e64 gured first, and\n-00032a50: 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2072 6566 7573 6520 it will refuse \n-00032a60: 746f 0a61 6c6c 6f77 2074 6865 2062 726f to.allow the bro\n-00032a70: 6b65 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f 2062 ken package to b\n-00032a80: 6520 7265 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2e0a e reconfigured..\n-00032a90: 0a41 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 696c 6c20 .A package will \n-00032aa0: 6e6f 7420 6265 2072 6567 6172 6465 6420 not be regarded \n-00032ab0: 6173 2063 6175 7369 6e67 2062 7265 616b as causing break\n-00032ac0: 6167 6520 6d65 7265 6c79 2062 6563 6175 age merely becau\n-00032ad0: 7365 2069 7473 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 se its.configura\n-00032ae0: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 2073 tion files are s\n-00032af0: 7469 6c6c 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 3b20 till installed; \n-00032b00: 6974 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 7420 6c65 it must be at le\n-00032b10: 6173 740a e280 9c48 616c 662d 496e 7374 ast....Half-Inst\n-00032b20: 616c 6c65 64e2 809d 2e0a 0a41 2073 7065 alled......A spe\n-00032b30: 6369 616c 2065 7863 6570 7469 6f6e 2069 cial exception i\n-00032b40: 7320 6d61 6465 2066 6f72 2070 6163 6b61 s made for packa\n-00032b50: 6765 7320 7768 6963 6820 6465 636c 6172 ges which declar\n-00032b60: 6520 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 6272 6561 e that they brea\n-00032b70: 6b0a 7468 6569 7220 6f77 6e20 7061 636b k.their own pack\n-00032b80: 6167 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 7220 6120 7669 age name or a vi\n-00032b90: 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6520 7768 rtual package wh\n-00032ba0: 6963 6820 7468 6579 2070 726f 7669 6465 ich they provide\n-00032bb0: 2028 7365 650a 6265 6c6f 7729 3a20 7468 (see.below): th\n-00032bc0: 6973 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 636f 756e is does not coun\n-00032bd0: 7420 6173 2061 2072 6561 6c20 6272 6561 t as a real brea\n-00032be0: 6b61 6765 2e0a 0a4e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 kage...Normally \n-00032bf0: 6120 e280 9842 7265 616b 73e2 8099 2065 a ...Breaks... e\n-00032c00: 6e74 7279 2077 696c 6c20 6861 7665 2061 ntry will have a\n-00032c10: 6e20 e280 9c65 6172 6c69 6572 2074 6861 n ...earlier tha\n-00032c20: 6ee2 809d 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2063 6c61 n... version cla\n-00032c30: 7573 653b 0a73 7563 6820 6120 e280 9842 use;.such a ...B\n-00032c40: 7265 616b 73e2 8099 2069 7320 696e 7472 reaks... is intr\n-00032c50: 6f64 7563 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7665 oduced in the ve\n-00032c60: 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 6e20 2869 6d70 rsion of an (imp\n-00032c70: 6c69 6369 7420 6f72 0a65 7870 6c69 6369 licit or.explici\n-00032c80: 7429 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 7768 t) dependency wh\n-00032c90: 6963 6820 7669 6f6c 6174 6573 2061 6e20 ich violates an \n-00032ca0: 6173 7375 6d70 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 7265 assumption or re\n-00032cb0: 7665 616c 7320 6120 6275 6720 696e 0a65 veals a bug in.e\n-00032cc0: 6172 6c69 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 arlier versions \n-00032cd0: 6f66 2074 6865 2062 726f 6b65 6e20 7061 of the broken pa\n-00032ce0: 636b 6167 652c 206f 7220 7768 6963 6820 ckage, or which \n-00032cf0: 7461 6b65 7320 6f76 6572 2061 2066 696c takes over a fil\n-00032d00: 6520 6672 6f6d 0a65 6172 6c69 6572 2076 e from.earlier v\n-00032d10: 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2070 ersions of the p\n-00032d20: 6163 6b61 6765 206e 616d 6564 2069 6e20 ackage named in \n-00032d30: e280 9842 7265 616b 73e2 8099 2e20 2054 ...Breaks.... T\n-00032d40: 6869 7320 7573 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 4272 his use of ...Br\n-00032d50: 6561 6b73 e280 990a 7769 6c6c 2069 6e66 eaks....will inf\n-00032d60: 6f72 6d20 6869 6768 6572 2d6c 6576 656c orm higher-level\n-00032d70: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d 616e 6167 656d package managem\n-00032d80: 656e 7420 746f 6f6c 7320 7468 6174 2074 ent tools that t\n-00032d90: 6865 2062 726f 6b65 6e0a 7061 636b 6167 he broken.packag\n-00032da0: 6520 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7570 6772 6164 e must be upgrad\n-00032db0: 6564 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7468 6520 6e65 ed before the ne\n-00032dc0: 7720 6f6e 652e 0a0a 4966 2074 6865 2062 w one...If the b\n-00032dd0: 7265 616b 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 6520 reaking package \n-00032de0: 616c 736f 206f 7665 7277 7269 7465 7320 also overwrites \n-00032df0: 736f 6d65 2066 696c 6573 2066 726f 6d20 some files from \n-00032e00: 7468 6520 6f6c 6465 720a 7061 636b 6167 the older.packag\n-00032e10: 652c 2069 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 2075 7365 e, it should use\n-00032e20: 20e2 8098 5265 706c 6163 6573 e280 9920 ...Replaces... \n-00032e30: 746f 2065 6e73 7572 6520 7468 6973 2067 to ensure this g\n-00032e40: 6f65 7320 736d 6f6f 7468 6c79 2e20 2053 oes smoothly. S\n-00032e50: 6565 0a2a 6e6f 7465 204f 7665 7277 7269 ee.*note Overwri\n-00032e60: 7469 6e67 2066 696c 6573 2061 6e64 2072 ting files and r\n-00032e70: 6570 6c61 6369 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 eplacing package\n-00032e80: 7320 2d20 5265 706c 6163 6573 3a20 6436 s - Replaces: d6\n-00032e90: 2e20 666f 7220 610a 6675 6c6c 2064 6973 . for a.full dis\n-00032ea0: 6375 7373 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 616b 696e cussion of takin\n-00032eb0: 6720 6f76 6572 2066 696c 6573 2066 726f g over files fro\n-00032ec0: 6d20 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 m other packages\n-00032ed0: 2c20 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 686f 770a , including how.\n-00032ee0: 746f 2075 7365 20e2 8098 4272 6561 6b73 to use ...Breaks\n-00032ef0: e280 9920 696e 2074 686f 7365 2063 6173 ... in those cas\n-00032f00: 6573 2e0a 0a4d 616e 7920 6f66 2074 6865 es...Many of the\n-00032f10: 2063 6173 6573 2077 6865 7265 20e2 8098 cases where ...\n-00032f20: 4272 6561 6b73 e280 9920 7368 6f75 6c64 Breaks... should\n-00032f30: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2077 6572 6520 7072 be used were pr\n-00032f40: 6576 696f 7573 6c79 2068 616e 646c 6564 eviously handled\n-00032f50: 0a77 6974 6820 e280 9843 6f6e 666c 6963 .with ...Conflic\n-00032f60: 7473 e280 9920 6265 6361 7573 6520 e280 ts... because ..\n-00032f70: 9842 7265 616b 73e2 8099 2064 6964 206e .Breaks... did n\n-00032f80: 6f74 2079 6574 2065 7869 7374 2e20 204d ot yet exist. M\n-00032f90: 616e 7920 e280 9843 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 any ...Conflicts\n-00032fa0: e280 990a 6669 656c 6473 2073 686f 756c ....fields shoul\n-00032fb0: 6420 6e6f 7720 6265 20e2 8098 4272 6561 d now be ...Brea\n-00032fc0: 6b73 e280 992e 2020 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 ks.... See *not\n-00032fd0: 6520 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 696e 6720 6269 e Conflicting bi\n-00032fe0: 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2d0a nary packages -.\n-00032ff0: 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 733a 2065 302e 2066 Conflicts: e0. f\n-00033000: 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 or more informat\n-00033010: 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 7468 6520 6469 ion about the di\n-00033020: 6666 6572 656e 6365 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 fferences.....Fi\n-00033030: 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 le: debian-polic\n-00033040: 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 y.info, Node: C\n-00033050: 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 6e67 2062 696e 6172 onflicting binar\n-00033060: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d 2043 6f6e y packages - Con\n-00033070: 666c 6963 7473 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2056 flicts, Next: V\n-00033080: 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 irtual packages \n-00033090: 2d20 5072 6f76 6964 6573 2c20 2050 7265 - Provides, Pre\n-000330a0: 763a 2050 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7768 6963 v: Packages whic\n-000330b0: 6820 6272 6561 6b20 6f74 6865 7220 7061 h break other pa\n-000330c0: 636b 6167 6573 202d 2042 7265 616b 732c ckages - Breaks,\n-000330d0: 2020 5570 3a20 4465 636c 6172 696e 6720 Up: Declaring \n-000330e0: 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 6265 relationships be\n-000330f0: 7477 6565 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a tween packages..\n-00033100: 362e 3420 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 696e 6720 6.4 Conflicting \n-00033110: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 binary packages \n-00033120: 2d20 e280 9843 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 e280 - ...Conflicts..\n-00033130: 990a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ..==============\n-00033140: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00033150: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-00033160: 0a57 6865 6e20 6f6e 6520 6269 6e61 7279 .When one binary\n-00033170: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2064 6563 6c61 7265 package declare\n-00033180: 7320 6120 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 2077 6974 s a conflict wit\n-00033190: 6820 616e 6f74 6865 7220 7573 696e 6720 h another using \n-000331a0: 610a e280 9843 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 e280 a....Conflicts..\n-000331b0: 9920 6669 656c 642c 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 . field, ...dpkg\n-000331c0: e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2072 6566 7573 6520 ... will refuse \n-000331d0: 746f 2061 6c6c 6f77 2074 6865 6d20 746f to allow them to\n-000331e0: 2062 6520 756e 7061 636b 6564 206f 6e0a be unpacked on.\n-000331f0: 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 2061 7420 7468 the system at th\n-00033200: 6520 7361 6d65 2074 696d 652e 2020 5468 e same time. 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Replac\n-00035180: 6573 0a0a 362e 362e 3120 4f76 6572 7772 es..6.6.1 Overwr\n-00035190: 6974 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7320 696e 206f iting files in o\n-000351a0: 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 2d2d ther packages.--\n-000351b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000351c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000351d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 7420 6973 2075 -------..It is u\n-000351e0: 7375 616c 6c79 2061 6e20 6572 726f 7220 sually an error \n-000351f0: 666f 7220 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f for a package to\n-00035200: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2066 696c 6573 2077 contain files w\n-00035210: 6869 6368 2061 7265 206f 6e20 7468 650a hich are on the.\n-00035220: 7379 7374 656d 2069 6e20 616e 6f74 6865 system in anothe\n-00035230: 7220 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 486f 7765 r package. Howe\n-00035240: 7665 722c 2069 6620 7468 6520 6f76 6572 ver, if the over\n-00035250: 7772 6974 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 6520 writing package \n-00035260: 6465 636c 6172 6573 0a74 6861 7420 6974 declares.that it\n-00035270: 20e2 8098 5265 706c 6163 6573 e280 9920 ...Replaces... \n-00035280: 7468 6520 6f6e 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 the one containi\n-00035290: 6e67 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 6265 696e ng the file bein\n-000352a0: 6720 6f76 6572 7772 6974 7465 6e2c 2074 g overwritten, t\n-000352b0: 6865 6e0a e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2077 hen....dpkg... w\n-000352c0: 696c 6c20 7265 706c 6163 6520 7468 6520 ill replace the \n-000352d0: 6669 6c65 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6f6c file from the ol\n-000352e0: 6420 7061 636b 6167 6520 7769 7468 2074 d package with t\n-000352f0: 6861 7420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 0a6e 6577 hat from the.new\n-00035300: 2e20 2054 6865 2066 696c 6520 7769 6c6c . The file will\n-00035310: 206e 6f20 6c6f 6e67 6572 2062 6520 6c69 no longer be li\n-00035320: 7374 6564 2061 7320 e280 9c6f 776e 6564 sted as ...owned\n-00035330: e280 9d20 6279 2074 6865 206f 6c64 2070 ... by the old p\n-00035340: 6163 6b61 6765 0a61 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 ackage.and will \n-00035350: 6265 2074 616b 656e 206f 7665 7220 6279 be taken over by\n-00035360: 2074 6865 206e 6577 2070 6163 6b61 6765 the new package\n-00035370: 2e20 204e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 792c 20e2 8098 . Normally, ...\n-00035380: 4272 6561 6b73 e280 9920 7368 6f75 6c64 Breaks... should\n-00035390: 2062 650a 7573 6564 2069 6e20 636f 6e6a be.used in conj\n-000353a0: 756e 6374 696f 6e20 7769 7468 20e2 8098 unction with ...\n-000353b0: 5265 706c 6163 6573 e280 992e 2020 2831 Replaces.... (1\n-000353c0: 290a 0a46 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 )..For example, \n-000353d0: 6966 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2066 6f6f if a package foo\n-000353e0: 2069 7320 7370 6c69 7420 696e 746f 2066 is split into f\n-000353f0: 6f6f 2061 6e64 2066 6f6f 2d64 6174 6120 oo and foo-data \n-00035400: 7374 6172 7469 6e67 2061 740a 7665 7273 starting at.vers\n-00035410: 696f 6e20 312e 322d 332c 2066 6f6f 2d64 ion 1.2-3, foo-d\n-00035420: 6174 6120 776f 756c 6420 6861 7665 2074 ata would have t\n-00035430: 6865 2066 6965 6c64 730a 0a20 2020 2020 he fields.. \n-00035440: 5265 706c 6163 6573 3a20 666f 6f20 283c Replaces: foo (<\n-00035450: 3c20 312e 322d 3329 0a20 2020 2020 4272 < 1.2-3). Br\n-00035460: 6561 6b73 3a20 666f 6f20 283c 3c20 312e eaks: foo (<< 1.\n-00035470: 322d 3329 0a0a 696e 2069 7473 2063 6f6e 2-3)..in its con\n-00035480: 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 652e 2020 5468 6520 trol file. The \n-00035490: 6e65 7720 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 new version of t\n-000354a0: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2066 6f6f 2077 he package foo w\n-000354b0: 6f75 6c64 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 790a 6861 ould normally.ha\n-000354c0: 7665 2074 6865 2066 6965 6c64 0a0a 2020 ve the field.. \n-000354d0: 2020 2044 6570 656e 6473 3a20 666f 6f2d Depends: foo-\n-000354e0: 6461 7461 2028 3e3d 2031 2e32 2d33 290a data (>= 1.2-3).\n-000354f0: 0a28 6f72 2070 6f73 7369 626c 7920 e280 .(or possibly ..\n-00035500: 9852 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 73e2 8099 206f .Recommends... o\n-00035510: 7220 6576 656e 20e2 8098 5375 6767 6573 r even ...Sugges\n-00035520: 7473 e280 9920 6966 2074 6865 2066 696c ts... if the fil\n-00035530: 6573 206d 6f76 6564 2069 6e74 6f0a 666f es moved into.fo\n-00035540: 6f2d 6461 7461 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2072 o-data are not r\n-00035550: 6571 7569 7265 6420 666f 7220 6e6f 726d equired for norm\n-00035560: 616c 206f 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 292e 0a0a al operation)...\n-00035570: 4966 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 If a package is \n-00035580: 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 6c79 2072 6570 6c61 completely repla\n-00035590: 6365 6420 696e 2074 6869 7320 7761 792c ced in this way,\n-000355a0: 2073 6f20 7468 6174 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 so that ...dpkg\n-000355b0: e280 9920 646f 6573 206e 6f74 0a6b 6e6f ... does not.kno\n-000355c0: 7720 6f66 2061 6e79 2066 696c 6573 2069 w of any files i\n-000355d0: 7420 7374 696c 6c20 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 t still contains\n-000355e0: 2c20 6974 2069 7320 636f 6e73 6964 6572 , it is consider\n-000355f0: 6564 2074 6f20 6861 7665 0ae2 809c 6469 ed to have....di\n-00035600: 7361 7070 6561 7265 64e2 809d 2e20 2049 sappeared.... I\n-00035610: 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6d61 726b 6564 t will be marked\n-00035620: 2061 7320 6e6f 7420 7761 6e74 6564 206f as not wanted o\n-00035630: 6e20 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 2028 7365 n the system (se\n-00035640: 6c65 6374 6564 0a66 6f72 2072 656d 6f76 lected.for remov\n-00035650: 616c 2920 616e 6420 e280 9c4e 6f74 2d49 al) and ...Not-I\n-00035660: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 9d2e 2020 416e nstalled.... An\n-00035670: 7920 e280 9863 6f6e 6666 696c 65e2 8099 y ...conffile...\n-00035680: 7320 6465 7461 696c 7320 6e6f 7465 6420 s details noted \n-00035690: 666f 7220 7468 650a 7061 636b 6167 6520 for the.package \n-000356a0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6967 6e6f 7265 642c will be ignored,\n-000356b0: 2061 7320 7468 6579 2077 696c 6c20 6861 as they will ha\n-000356c0: 7665 2062 6565 6e20 7461 6b65 6e20 6f76 ve been taken ov\n-000356d0: 6572 2062 7920 7468 650a 6f76 6572 7772 er by the.overwr\n-000356e0: 6974 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 iting package. \n-000356f0: 5468 6520 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 7320 The package...s \n-00035700: e280 9870 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 2073 6372 ...postrm... scr\n-00035710: 6970 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7275 6e20 ipt will be run \n-00035720: 7769 7468 2061 0a73 7065 6369 616c 2061 with a.special a\n-00035730: 7267 756d 656e 7420 746f 2061 6c6c 6f77 rgument to allow\n-00035740: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6f20 the package to \n-00035750: 646f 2061 6e79 2066 696e 616c 2063 6c65 do any final cle\n-00035760: 616e 7570 2072 6571 7569 7265 642e 0a53 anup required..S\n-00035770: 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2053 756d 6d61 7279 ee *note Summary\n-00035780: 206f 6620 7761 7973 206d 6169 6e74 6169 of ways maintai\n-00035790: 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 6172 6520 ner scripts are \n-000357a0: 6361 6c6c 6564 3a20 6431 2e20 2028 3229 called: d1. (2)\n-000357b0: 0a0a 466f 7220 7468 6973 2075 7361 6765 ..For this usage\n-000357c0: 206f 6620 e280 9852 6570 6c61 6365 73e2 of ...Replaces.\n-000357d0: 8099 2c20 7669 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b .., virtual pack\n-000357e0: 6167 6573 2028 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 ages (see *note \n-000357f0: 5669 7274 7561 6c0a 7061 636b 6167 6573 Virtual.packages\n-00035800: 202d 2050 726f 7669 6465 733a 2033 662e - Provides: 3f.\n-00035810: 2920 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 636f 6e73 6964 ) are not consid\n-00035820: 6572 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6c6f 6f6b 696e ered when lookin\n-00035830: 6720 6174 2061 0ae2 8098 5265 706c 6163 g at a....Replac\n-00035840: 6573 e280 9920 6669 656c 642e 2020 5468 es... field. Th\n-00035850: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2064 6563 6c61 e packages decla\n-00035860: 7265 6420 6173 2062 6569 6e67 2072 6570 red as being rep\n-00035870: 6c61 6365 6420 6d75 7374 2062 650a 6d65 laced must be.me\n-00035880: 6e74 696f 6e65 6420 6279 2074 6865 6972 ntioned by their\n-00035890: 2072 6561 6c20 6e61 6d65 732e 0a0a 5468 real names...Th\n-000358a0: 6973 2075 7361 6765 206f 6620 e280 9852 is usage of ...R\n-000358b0: 6570 6c61 6365 73e2 8099 206f 6e6c 7920 eplaces... only \n-000358c0: 7461 6b65 7320 6566 6665 6374 2077 6865 takes effect whe\n-000358d0: 6e20 626f 7468 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 n both packages \n-000358e0: 6172 6520 6174 0a6c 6561 7374 2070 6172 are at.least par\n-000358f0: 7469 616c 6c79 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7379 tially on the sy\n-00035900: 7374 656d 2061 7420 6f6e 6365 2e20 2049 stem at once. I\n-00035910: 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2072 656c 6576 616e t is not relevan\n-00035920: 7420 6966 2074 6865 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 t if the.package\n-00035930: 7320 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 2075 6e6c 6573 s conflict unles\n-00035940: 7320 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 2068 s the conflict h\n-00035950: 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6f76 6572 7269 6464 as been overridd\n-00035960: 656e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d en... --------\n-00035970: 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d -- Footnotes ---\n-00035980: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 -------.. (1) \n-00035990: 546f 2073 6565 2077 6879 20e2 8098 4272 To see why ...Br\n-000359a0: 6561 6b73 e280 9920 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 eaks... is norma\n-000359b0: 6c6c 7920 6e65 6564 6564 2069 6e20 6164 lly needed in ad\n-000359c0: 6469 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 e280 9852 6570 dition to ...Rep\n-000359d0: 6c61 6365 73e2 8099 2c0a 636f 6e73 6964 laces...,.consid\n-000359e0: 6572 2074 6865 2063 6173 6520 6f66 2061 er the case of a\n-000359f0: 2066 696c 6520 696e 2074 6865 2070 6163 file in the pac\n-00035a00: 6b61 6765 2066 6f6f 2062 6569 6e67 2074 kage foo being t\n-00035a10: 616b 656e 206f 7665 7220 6279 2074 6865 aken over by the\n-00035a20: 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2066 6f6f 2d64 6174 .package foo-dat\n-00035a30: 612e 2020 e280 9852 6570 6c61 6365 73e2 a. ...Replaces.\n-00035a40: 8099 2077 696c 6c20 616c 6c6f 7720 666f .. will allow fo\n-00035a50: 6f2d 6461 7461 2074 6f20 6265 2069 6e73 o-data to be ins\n-00035a60: 7461 6c6c 6564 2061 6e64 0a74 616b 6520 talled and.take \n-00035a70: 6f76 6572 2074 6861 7420 6669 6c65 2e20 over that file. \n-00035a80: 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7769 7468 6f75 However, withou\n-00035a90: 7420 e280 9842 7265 616b 73e2 8099 2c20 t ...Breaks..., \n-00035aa0: 6e6f 7468 696e 6720 7265 7175 6972 6573 nothing requires\n-00035ab0: 2066 6f6f 2074 6f0a 6265 2075 7067 7261 foo to.be upgra\n-00035ac0: 6465 6420 746f 2061 206e 6577 6572 2076 ded to a newer v\n-00035ad0: 6572 7369 6f6e 2074 6861 7420 6b6e 6f77 ersion that know\n-00035ae0: 7320 6974 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 696e s it does not in\n-00035af0: 636c 7564 6520 7468 6174 2066 696c 650a clude that file.\n-00035b00: 616e 6420 696e 7374 6561 6420 6465 7065 and instead depe\n-00035b10: 6e64 7320 6f6e 2066 6f6f 2d64 6174 612e nds on foo-data.\n-00035b20: 2020 4e6f 7468 696e 6720 776f 756c 6420 Nothing would \n-00035b30: 7072 6576 656e 7420 7468 6520 6e65 7720 prevent the new \n-00035b40: 666f 6f2d 6461 7461 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 foo-data.package\n-00035b50: 2066 726f 6d20 6265 696e 6720 696e 7374 from being inst\n-00035b60: 616c 6c65 6420 616e 6420 7468 656e 2072 alled and then r\n-00035b70: 656d 6f76 6564 2c20 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 emoved, removing\n-00035b80: 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 7468 6174 2069 the file that i\n-00035b90: 740a 746f 6f6b 206f 7665 7220 6672 6f6d t.took over from\n-00035ba0: 2066 6f6f 2e20 2041 6674 6572 2074 6861 foo. After tha\n-00035bb0: 7420 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e2c 2074 6865 t operation, the\n-00035bc0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d 616e 6167 6572 package manager\n-00035bd0: 2077 6f75 6c64 0a74 6869 6e6b 2074 6865 would.think the\n-00035be0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7761 7320 696e 2061 system was in a\n-00035bf0: 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 656e 7420 7374 6174 consistent stat\n-00035c00: 652c 2062 7574 2074 6865 2066 6f6f 2070 e, but the foo p\n-00035c10: 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6f75 6c64 2062 650a ackage would be.\n-00035c20: 6d69 7373 696e 6720 6f6e 6520 6f66 2069 missing one of i\n-00035c30: 7473 2066 696c 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 ts files... (2\n-00035c40: 2920 5265 706c 6163 6573 2069 7320 6120 ) Replaces is a \n-00035c50: 6f6e 6520 7761 7920 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e one way relation\n-00035c60: 7368 6970 2e20 2059 6f75 2068 6176 6520 ship. You have \n-00035c70: 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 6865 0a72 to install the.r\n-00035c80: 6570 6c61 6369 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 eplacing package\n-00035c90: 2061 6674 6572 2074 6865 2072 6570 6c61 after the repla\n-00035ca0: 6365 6420 7061 636b 6167 652e 0a0a 1f0a ced package.....\n-00035cb0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-00035cc0: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-00035cd0: 2052 6570 6c61 6369 6e67 2077 686f 6c65 Replacing whole\n-00035ce0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 666f 7263 696e packages forcin\n-00035cf0: 6720 7468 6569 7220 7265 6d6f 7661 6c2c g their removal,\n-00035d00: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4f76 6572 7772 6974 Prev: Overwrit\n-00035d10: 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7320 696e 206f 7468 ing files in oth\n-00035d20: 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2020 5570 er packages, Up\n-00035d30: 3a20 4f76 6572 7772 6974 696e 6720 6669 : Overwriting fi\n-00035d40: 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7265 706c 6163 696e les and replacin\n-00035d50: 6720 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d 2052 6570 g packages - Rep\n-00035d60: 6c61 6365 730a 0a36 2e36 2e32 2052 6570 laces..6.6.2 Rep\n-00035d70: 6c61 6369 6e67 2077 686f 6c65 2070 6163 lacing whole pac\n-00035d80: 6b61 6765 732c 2066 6f72 6369 6e67 2074 kages, forcing t\n-00035d90: 6865 6972 2072 656d 6f76 616c 0a2d 2d2d heir removal.---\n-00035da0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00035db0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00035dc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00035dd0: 2d2d 0a0a 5365 636f 6e64 2c20 e280 9852 --..Second, ...R\n-00035de0: 6570 6c61 6365 73e2 8099 2061 6c6c 6f77 eplaces... allow\n-00035df0: 7320 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 696e 6720 s the packaging \n-00035e00: 7379 7374 656d 2074 6f20 7265 736f 6c76 system to resolv\n-00035e10: 6520 7768 6963 6820 7061 636b 6167 650a e which package.\n-00035e20: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7265 6d6f 7665 should be remove\n-00035e30: 6420 7768 656e 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 d when there is \n-00035e40: 6120 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 2028 7365 6520 a conflict (see \n-00035e50: 2a6e 6f74 6520 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 696e *note Conflictin\n-00035e60: 6720 6269 6e61 7279 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 g binary.package\n-00035e70: 7320 2d20 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 733a 2065 s - Conflicts: e\n-00035e80: 302e 292e 2020 5468 6973 2075 7361 6765 0.). This usage\n-00035e90: 206f 6e6c 7920 7461 6b65 7320 6566 6665 only takes effe\n-00035ea0: 6374 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6520 7477 6f0a ct when the two.\n-00035eb0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2027 646f 2720 636f packages 'do' co\n-00035ec0: 6e66 6c69 6374 2c20 736f 2074 6861 7420 nflict, so that \n-00035ed0: 7468 6520 7477 6f20 7573 6167 6573 206f the two usages o\n-00035ee0: 6620 7468 6973 2066 6965 6c64 2064 6f20 f this field do \n-00035ef0: 6e6f 740a 696e 7465 7266 6572 6520 7769 not.interfere wi\n-00035f00: 7468 2065 6163 6820 6f74 6865 722e 0a0a th each other...\n-00035f10: 496e 2074 6869 7320 7369 7475 6174 696f In this situatio\n-00035f20: 6e2c 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2064 n, the package d\n-00035f30: 6563 6c61 7265 6420 6173 2062 6569 6e67 eclared as being\n-00035f40: 2072 6570 6c61 6365 6420 6361 6e20 6265 replaced can be\n-00035f50: 2061 0a76 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 6b61 a.virtual packa\n-00035f60: 6765 2c20 736f 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 ge, so for examp\n-00035f70: 6c65 2c20 616c 6c20 6d61 696c 2074 7261 le, all mail tra\n-00035f80: 6e73 706f 7274 2061 6765 6e74 7320 284d nsport agents (M\n-00035f90: 5441 7329 2077 6f75 6c64 0a68 6176 6520 TAs) would.have \n-00035fa0: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6669 the following fi\n-00035fb0: 656c 6473 2069 6e20 7468 6569 7220 636f elds in their co\n-00035fc0: 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 733a 0a0a 2020 ntrol files:.. \n-00035fd0: 2020 2050 726f 7669 6465 733a 206d 6169 Provides: mai\n-00035fe0: 6c2d 7472 616e 7370 6f72 742d 6167 656e l-transport-agen\n-00035ff0: 740a 2020 2020 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 t. Conflicts\n-00036000: 3a20 6d61 696c 2d74 7261 6e73 706f 7274 : mail-transport\n-00036010: 2d61 6765 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 5265 706c -agent. Repl\n-00036020: 6163 6573 3a20 6d61 696c 2d74 7261 6e73 aces: mail-trans\n-00036030: 706f 7274 2d61 6765 6e74 0a0a 656e 7375 port-agent..ensu\n-00036040: 7269 6e67 2074 6861 7420 6f6e 6c79 206f ring that only o\n-00036050: 6e65 204d 5441 2063 616e 2062 6520 756e ne MTA can be un\n-00036060: 7061 636b 6564 2061 7420 616e 7920 6f6e packed at any on\n-00036070: 6520 7469 6d65 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f e time. See *no\n-00036080: 7465 0a56 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 6b61 te.Virtual packa\n-00036090: 6765 7320 2d20 5072 6f76 6964 6573 3a20 ges - Provides: \n-000360a0: 3366 2e20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 3f. for more inf\n-000360b0: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 2074 ormation about t\n-000360c0: 6869 730a 6578 616d 706c 652e 0a0a 1f0a his.example.....\n-000360d0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-000360e0: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-000360f0: 2052 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7073 2062 Relationships b\n-00036100: 6574 7765 656e 2073 6f75 7263 6520 616e etween source an\n-00036110: 6420 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 d binary package\n-00036120: 7320 2d20 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 s - Build-Depend\n-00036130: 7320 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 732d s Build-Depends-\n-00036140: 496e 6465 7020 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 Indep Build-Depe\n-00036150: 6e64 732d 4172 6368 2042 7569 6c64 2d43 nds-Arch Build-C\n-00036160: 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2042 7569 6c64 2d43 onflicts Build-C\n-00036170: 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2d49 6e64 6570 2042 onflicts-Indep B\n-00036180: 7569 6c64 2d43 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2d41 uild-Conflicts-A\n-00036190: 7263 682c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4164 6469 rch, Next: Addi\n-000361a0: 7469 6f6e 616c 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 tional source pa\n-000361b0: 636b 6167 6573 2075 7365 6420 746f 2062 ckages used to b\n-000361c0: 7569 6c64 2074 6865 2062 696e 6172 7920 uild the binary \n-000361d0: 2d20 4275 696c 742d 5573 696e 672c 2020 - Built-Using, \n-000361e0: 5072 6576 3a20 4f76 6572 7772 6974 696e Prev: Overwritin\n-000361f0: 6720 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7265 706c g files and repl\n-00036200: 6163 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d acing packages -\n-00036210: 2052 6570 6c61 6365 732c 2020 5570 3a20 Replaces, Up: \n-00036220: 4465 636c 6172 696e 6720 7265 6c61 7469 Declaring relati\n-00036230: 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 onships between \n-00036240: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 362e 3720 5265 packages..6.7 Re\n-00036250: 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 6265 7477 lationships betw\n-00036260: 6565 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2061 6e64 2062 een source and b\n-00036270: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d inary packages -\n-00036280: 20e2 8098 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 ...Build-Depend\n-00036290: 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 9842 7569 6c64 2d44 s..., ...Build-D\n-000362a0: 6570 656e 6473 2d49 6e64 6570 e280 992c epends-Indep...,\n-000362b0: 20e2 8098 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 ...Build-Depend\n-000362c0: 732d 4172 6368 e280 992c 20e2 8098 4275 s-Arch..., ...Bu\n-000362d0: 696c 642d 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 73e2 8099 ild-Conflicts...\n-000362e0: 2c20 e280 9842 7569 6c64 2d43 6f6e 666c , ...Build-Confl\n-000362f0: 6963 7473 2d49 6e64 6570 e280 992c 20e2 icts-Indep..., .\n-00036300: 8098 4275 696c 642d 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 ..Build-Conflict\n-00036310: 732d 4172 6368 e280 990a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d s-Arch....======\n-00036320: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00036330: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00036340: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00036350: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00036360: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00036370: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00036380: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00036390: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000363a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000363b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000363c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000363d0: 3d0a 0a53 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 =..Source packag\n-000363e0: 6573 2074 6861 7420 7265 7175 6972 6520 es that require \n-000363f0: 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6269 6e61 7279 2070 certain binary p\n-00036400: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 746f 2062 6520 696e ackages to be in\n-00036410: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6f72 0a61 6273 656e stalled or.absen\n-00036420: 7420 6174 2074 6865 2074 696d 6520 6f66 t at the time of\n-00036430: 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7468 6520 7061 building the pa\n-00036440: 636b 6167 6520 6d61 7920 6465 636c 6172 ckage may declar\n-00036450: 6520 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 e relationships \n-00036460: 746f 0a74 686f 7365 2062 696e 6172 7920 to.those binary \n-00036470: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 packages...This \n-00036480: 6973 2064 6f6e 6520 7573 696e 6720 7468 is done using th\n-00036490: 6520 e280 9842 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e e ...Build-Depen\n-000364a0: 6473 e280 992c 20e2 8098 4275 696c 642d ds..., ...Build-\n-000364b0: 4465 7065 6e64 732d 496e 6465 70e2 8099 Depends-Indep...\n-000364c0: 2c0a e280 9842 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e ,....Build-Depen\n-000364d0: 6473 2d41 7263 68e2 8099 2c20 e280 9842 ds-Arch..., ...B\n-000364e0: 7569 6c64 2d43 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 e280 uild-Conflicts..\n-000364f0: 992c 20e2 8098 4275 696c 642d 436f 6e66 ., ...Build-Conf\n-00036500: 6c69 6374 732d 496e 6465 70e2 8099 2061 licts-Indep... a\n-00036510: 6e64 0ae2 8098 4275 696c 642d 436f 6e66 nd....Build-Conf\n-00036520: 6c69 6374 732d 4172 6368 e280 9920 636f licts-Arch... co\n-00036530: 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 656c 6473 2e0a 0a42 ntrol fields...B\n-00036540: 7569 6c64 2d64 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 uild-dependencie\n-00036550: 7320 6f6e 20e2 809c 6275 696c 642d 6573 s on ...build-es\n-00036560: 7365 6e74 6961 6ce2 809d 2062 696e 6172 sential... binar\n-00036570: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2063 616e 2062 y packages can b\n-00036580: 6520 6f6d 6974 7465 642e 0a50 6c65 6173 e omitted..Pleas\n-00036590: 6520 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 5061 636b e see *note Pack\n-000365a0: 6167 6520 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 age relationship\n-000365b0: 733a 2035 312e 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 s: 51. for more \n-000365c0: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 5468 information...Th\n-000365d0: 6520 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2061 e dependencies a\n-000365e0: 6e64 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2074 6865 nd conflicts the\n-000365f0: 7920 6465 6669 6e65 206d 7573 7420 6265 y define must be\n-00036600: 2073 6174 6973 6669 6564 2028 6173 2064 satisfied (as d\n-00036610: 6566 696e 6564 0a65 6172 6c69 6572 2066 efined.earlier f\n-00036620: 6f72 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 or binary packag\n-00036630: 6573 2920 696e 206f 7264 6572 2074 6f20 es) in order to \n-00036640: 696e 766f 6b65 2074 6865 2074 6172 6765 invoke the targe\n-00036650: 7473 2069 6e0a e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f ts in....debian/\n-00036660: 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 2c20 6173 2066 6f6c rules..., as fol\n-00036670: 6c6f 7773 3a0a 0ae2 8098 636c 6561 6ee2 lows:.....clean.\n-00036680: 8099 0a0a 2020 2020 204f 6e6c 7920 7468 .... 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Discard an\n-00036ce0: 7920 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 6573 2074 y alternatives t\n-00036cf0: 6861 7420 6172 6520 7265 7374 7269 6374 hat are restrict\n-00036d00: 6564 2074 6f20 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 ed to architectu\n-00036d10: 7265 7320 7468 6174 0a20 2020 2020 646f res that. do\n-00036d20: 206e 6f74 206d 6174 6368 2074 6865 2068 not match the h\n-00036d30: 6f73 7420 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 ost architecture\n-00036d40: 2e0a 0a20 2032 2e20 4469 7363 6172 6420 ... 2. Discard \n-00036d50: 616e 7920 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 6573 any alternatives\n-00036d60: 2073 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 6469 6666 specifying diff\n-00036d70: 6572 656e 7420 7061 636b 6167 6520 6e61 erent package na\n-00036d80: 6d65 7320 7468 616e 0a20 2020 2020 7468 mes than. th\n-00036d90: 6520 6e6f 772d 6669 7273 7420 616c 7465 e now-first alte\n-00036da0: 726e 6174 6976 652e 2020 2841 6c74 6572 rnative. 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In \n-000376d0: 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 2c20 6966 2074 particular, if t\n-000376e0: 6865 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 he.versions of t\n-000376f0: 6865 2069 6e63 6f72 706f 7261 7465 6420 he incorporated \n-00037700: 7061 7274 7320 6172 6520 7570 6461 7465 parts are update\n-00037710: 6420 6275 7420 7468 6520 696e 636f 7270 d but the incorp\n-00037720: 6f72 6174 696e 670a 6269 6e61 7279 2070 orating.binary p\n-00037730: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7265 ackage is not re\n-00037740: 6275 696c 742c 2074 6865 206f 6c64 6572 built, the older\n-00037750: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 versions of the\n-00037760: 2069 6e63 6f72 706f 7261 7465 640a 7061 incorporated.pa\n-00037770: 7274 7320 7769 6c6c 2072 656d 6169 6e20 rts will remain \n-00037780: 696e 2074 6865 2061 7263 6869 7665 2069 in the archive i\n-00037790: 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 2073 6174 6973 n order to satis\n-000377a0: 6679 2074 6865 206c 6963 656e 7365 2e0a fy the license..\n-000377b0: 0a41 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2075 7369 6e67 .A package using\n-000377c0: 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 636f 6465 the source code\n-000377d0: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6763 632d 342e from the gcc-4.\n-000377e0: 362d 736f 7572 6365 2062 696e 6172 7920 6-source binary \n-000377f0: 7061 636b 6167 650a 6275 696c 7420 6672 package.built fr\n-00037800: 6f6d 2074 6865 2067 6363 2d34 2e36 2073 om the gcc-4.6 s\n-00037810: 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 776f ource package wo\n-00037820: 756c 6420 6861 7665 2074 6869 7320 6669 uld have this fi\n-00037830: 656c 6420 696e 2069 7473 0a63 6f6e 7472 eld in its.contr\n-00037840: 6f6c 2066 696c 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2042 ol file:.. B\n-00037850: 7569 6c74 2d55 7369 6e67 3a20 6763 632d uilt-Using: gcc-\n-00037860: 342e 3620 283d 2034 2e36 2e30 2d31 3129 4.6 (= 4.6.0-11)\n-00037870: 0a0a 4120 7061 636b 6167 6520 696e 636c ..A package incl\n-00037880: 7564 696e 6720 6269 6e61 7269 6573 2066 uding binaries f\n-00037890: 726f 6d20 6772 7562 3220 616e 6420 6c6f rom grub2 and lo\n-000378a0: 6164 6c69 6e20 776f 756c 6420 6861 7665 adlin would have\n-000378b0: 2074 6869 730a 6669 656c 6420 696e 2069 this.field in i\n-000378c0: 7473 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 653a ts control file:\n-000378d0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2042 7569 6c74 2d55 7369 .. Built-Usi\n-000378e0: 6e67 3a20 6772 7562 3220 283d 2031 2e39 ng: grub2 (= 1.9\n-000378f0: 392d 3929 2c20 6c6f 6164 6c69 6e20 283d 9-9), loadlin (=\n-00037900: 2031 2e36 652d 3129 0a0a 5468 6973 2066 1.6e-1)..This f\n-00037910: 6965 6c64 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2075 ield should be u\n-00037920: 7365 6420 6f6e 6c79 2077 6865 6e20 7468 sed only when th\n-00037930: 6572 6520 6172 6520 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 ere are license \n-00037940: 6f72 2044 4653 470a 7265 7175 6972 656d or DFSG.requirem\n-00037950: 656e 7473 2074 6f20 7265 7461 696e 2074 ents to retain t\n-00037960: 6865 2072 6566 6572 656e 6365 6420 736f he referenced so\n-00037970: 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e 2020 urce packages. \n-00037980: 4974 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 6265 It should not be\n-00037990: 0a61 6464 6564 2073 6f6c 656c 7920 6173 .added solely as\n-000379a0: 2061 2077 6179 2074 6f20 6c6f 6361 7465 a way to locate\n-000379b0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7468 6174 206e packages that n\n-000379c0: 6565 6420 746f 2062 6520 7265 6275 696c eed to be rebuil\n-000379d0: 7420 6167 6169 6e73 740a 6e65 7765 7220 t against.newer \n-000379e0: 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f 6620 7468 6569 versions of thei\n-000379f0: 7220 6275 696c 6420 6465 7065 6e64 656e r build dependen\n-00037a00: 6369 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d cies... ------\n-00037a10: 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d ---- Footnotes -\n-00037a20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 ---------.. (1\n-00037a30: 2920 e280 9842 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e ) ...Build-Depen\n-00037a40: 6473 e280 9920 696e 2074 6865 2073 6f75 ds... in the sou\n-00037a50: 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 206e rce package is n\n-00037a60: 6f74 2061 6465 7175 6174 6520 7369 6e63 ot adequate sinc\n-00037a70: 6520 6974 0a28 7269 6768 7466 756c 6c79 e it.(rightfully\n-00037a80: 2920 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2064 6f63 756d ) does not docum\n-00037a90: 656e 7420 7468 6520 6578 6163 7420 7665 ent the exact ve\n-00037aa0: 7273 696f 6e20 7573 6564 2069 6e20 7468 rsion used in th\n-00037ab0: 6520 6275 696c 642e 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 e build... (2)\n-00037ac0: 2054 6865 2061 7263 6869 7665 2073 6f66 The archive sof\n-00037ad0: 7477 6172 6520 6d69 6768 7420 7265 6a65 tware might reje\n-00037ae0: 6374 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7468 6174 ct packages that\n-00037af0: 2072 6566 6572 2074 6f0a 6e6f 6e2d 6578 refer to.non-ex\n-00037b00: 6973 7465 6e74 2073 6f75 7263 6573 2e0a istent sources..\n-00037b10: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n-00037b20: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n-00037b30: 6465 3a20 5368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 de: Shared libra\n-00037b40: 7269 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2054 6865 ries, Next: The\n-00037b50: 204f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2053 7973 7465 Operating Syste\n-00037b60: 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4465 636c 6172 m, Prev: Declar\n-00037b70: 696e 6720 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 ing relationship\n-00037b80: 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7061 636b 6167 s between packag\n-00037b90: 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3720 es, Up: Top..7 \n-00037ba0: 5368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7269 6573 Shared libraries\n-00037bb0: 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a .***************\n-00037bc0: 2a2a 2a0a 0a50 6163 6b61 6765 7320 636f ***..Packages co\n-00037bd0: 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 2073 6861 7265 6420 ntaining shared \n-00037be0: 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 6d75 7374 2062 libraries must b\n-00037bf0: 6520 636f 6e73 7472 7563 7465 6420 7769 e constructed wi\n-00037c00: 7468 2061 206c 6974 746c 650a 6361 7265 th a little.care\n-00037c10: 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 2073 7572 6520 7468 to make sure th\n-00037c20: 6174 2074 6865 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 at the shared li\n-00037c30: 6272 6172 7920 6973 2061 6c77 6179 7320 brary is always \n-00037c40: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 652e 2020 5468 6973 available. This\n-00037c50: 2069 730a 6573 7065 6369 616c 6c79 2069 is.especially i\n-00037c60: 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 2066 6f72 2070 6163 mportant for pac\n-00037c70: 6b61 6765 7320 7768 6f73 6520 7368 6172 kages whose shar\n-00037c80: 6564 206c 6962 7261 7269 6573 2061 7265 ed libraries are\n-00037c90: 2076 6974 616c 6c79 0a69 6d70 6f72 7461 vitally.importa\n-00037ca0: 6e74 2c20 7375 6368 2061 7320 7468 6520 nt, such as the \n-00037cb0: 4320 6c69 6272 6172 7920 2863 7572 7265 C library (curre\n-00037cc0: 6e74 6c79 20e2 8098 6c69 6263 36e2 8099 ntly ...libc6...\n-00037cd0: 292e 0a0a 5468 6973 2073 6563 7469 6f6e )...This section\n-00037ce0: 2064 6561 6c73 206f 6e6c 7920 7769 7468 deals only with\n-00037cf0: 2070 7562 6c69 6320 7368 6172 6564 206c public shared l\n-00037d00: 6962 7261 7269 6573 3a20 7368 6172 6564 ibraries: shared\n-00037d10: 206c 6962 7261 7269 6573 0a74 6861 7420 libraries.that \n-00037d20: 6172 6520 706c 6163 6564 2069 6e20 6469 are placed in di\n-00037d30: 7265 6374 6f72 6965 7320 7365 6172 6368 rectories search\n-00037d40: 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 6479 6e61 6d69 ed by the dynami\n-00037d50: 6320 6c69 6e6b 6572 2062 7920 6465 6661 c linker by defa\n-00037d60: 756c 740a 6f72 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 ult.or which are\n-00037d70: 2069 6e74 656e 6465 6420 746f 2062 6520 intended to be \n-00037d80: 6c69 6e6b 6564 2061 6761 696e 7374 206e linked against n\n-00037d90: 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 616e 6420 706f 7373 ormally and poss\n-00037da0: 6962 6c79 2075 7365 6420 6279 0a6f 7468 ibly used by.oth\n-00037db0: 6572 2c20 696e 6465 7065 6e64 656e 7420 er, independent \n-00037dc0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e20 2053 6861 7265 packages. Share\n-00037dd0: 6420 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 7468 6174 d libraries that\n-00037de0: 2061 7265 2069 6e74 6572 6e61 6c20 746f are internal to\n-00037df0: 2061 0a70 6172 7469 6375 6c61 7220 7061 a.particular pa\n-00037e00: 636b 6167 6520 6f72 2074 6861 7420 6172 ckage or that ar\n-00037e10: 6520 6f6e 6c79 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6173 e only loaded as\n-00037e20: 2064 796e 616d 6963 206d 6f64 756c 6573 dynamic modules\n-00037e30: 2061 7265 206e 6f74 0a63 6f76 6572 6564 are not.covered\n-00037e40: 2062 7920 7468 6973 2073 6563 7469 6f6e by this section\n-00037e50: 2061 6e64 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2073 7562 and are not sub\n-00037e60: 6a65 6374 2074 6f20 6974 7320 7265 7175 ject to its requ\n-00037e70: 6972 656d 656e 7473 2e0a 0a41 2073 6861 irements...A sha\n-00037e80: 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6973 2069 red library is i\n-00037e90: 6465 6e74 6966 6965 6420 6279 2074 6865 dentified by the\n-00037ea0: 20e2 8098 534f 4e41 4d45 e280 9920 6174 ...SONAME... at\n-00037eb0: 7472 6962 7574 6520 7374 6f72 6564 2069 tribute stored i\n-00037ec0: 6e20 6974 730a 6479 6e61 6d69 6320 7365 n its.dynamic se\n-00037ed0: 6374 696f 6e2e 2020 5768 656e 2061 2062 ction. When a b\n-00037ee0: 696e 6172 7920 6973 206c 696e 6b65 6420 inary is linked \n-00037ef0: 6167 6169 6e73 7420 6120 7368 6172 6564 against a shared\n-00037f00: 206c 6962 7261 7279 2c20 7468 650a e280 library, the...\n-00037f10: 9853 4f4e 414d 45e2 8099 206f 6620 7468 .SONAME... of th\n-00037f20: 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 e shared library\n-00037f30: 2069 7320 7265 636f 7264 6564 2069 6e20 is recorded in \n-00037f40: 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 e280 9973 20e2 the binary...s .\n-00037f50: 8098 4e45 4544 4544 e280 990a 7365 6374 ..NEEDED....sect\n-00037f60: 696f 6e20 736f 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 ion so that the \n-00037f70: 6479 6e61 6d69 6320 6c69 6e6b 6572 206b dynamic linker k\n-00037f80: 6e6f 7773 2074 6861 7420 6c69 6272 6172 nows that librar\n-00037f90: 7920 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 6564 y must be loaded\n-00037fa0: 2061 740a 7275 6e74 696d 652e 2020 5468 at.runtime. Th\n-00037fb0: 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 e shared library\n-00037fc0: 2066 696c 65e2 8099 7320 6675 6c6c 206e file...s full n\n-00037fd0: 616d 6520 2877 6869 6368 2075 7375 616c ame (which usual\n-00037fe0: 6c79 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 730a 6164 6469 ly contains.addi\n-00037ff0: 7469 6f6e 616c 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2069 tional version i\n-00038000: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 206e 6f74 206e nformation not n\n-00038010: 6565 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 eeded in the ...\n-00038020: 534f 4e41 4d45 e280 9929 2069 7320 7468 SONAME...) is th\n-00038030: 6572 6566 6f72 650a 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 erefore.normally\n-00038040: 206e 6f74 2072 6566 6572 656e 6365 6420 not referenced \n-00038050: 6469 7265 6374 6c79 2e20 2049 6e73 7465 directly. Inste\n-00038060: 6164 2c20 7468 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c ad, the shared l\n-00038070: 6962 7261 7279 2069 7320 6c6f 6164 6564 ibrary is loaded\n-00038080: 0a62 7920 6974 7320 e280 9853 4f4e 414d .by its ...SONAM\n-00038090: 45e2 8099 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6578 6973 E..., which exis\n-000380a0: 7473 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2073 ts on the file s\n-000380b0: 7973 7465 6d20 6173 2061 2073 796d 6c69 ystem as a symli\n-000380c0: 6e6b 2070 6f69 6e74 696e 670a 746f 2074 nk pointing.to t\n-000380d0: 6865 2066 756c 6c20 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 he full name of \n-000380e0: 7468 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 the shared libra\n-000380f0: 7279 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7379 6d6c 696e ry. This symlin\n-00038100: 6b20 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7072 6f76 6964 k must be provid\n-00038110: 6564 0a62 7920 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 ed.by the packag\n-00038120: 652e 2020 2a6e 6f74 6520 5275 6e2d 7469 e. *note Run-ti\n-00038130: 6d65 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 me shared librar\n-00038140: 6965 733a 2065 652e 2064 6573 6372 6962 ies: ee. describ\n-00038150: 6573 2068 6f77 2074 6f0a 646f 2074 6869 es how to.do thi\n-00038160: 732e 2020 2831 290a 0a57 6865 6e20 6c69 s. (1)..When li\n-00038170: 6e6b 696e 6720 6120 6269 6e61 7279 206f nking a binary o\n-00038180: 7220 616e 6f74 6865 7220 7368 6172 6564 r another shared\n-00038190: 206c 6962 7261 7279 2061 6761 696e 7374 library against\n-000381a0: 2061 2073 6861 7265 640a 6c69 6272 6172 a shared.librar\n-000381b0: 792c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 534f 4e41 4d45 y, the ...SONAME\n-000381c0: e280 9920 666f 7220 7468 6174 2073 6861 ... for that sha\n-000381d0: 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6973 206e red library is n\n-000381e0: 6f74 2079 6574 206b 6e6f 776e 2e0a 496e ot yet known..In\n-000381f0: 7374 6561 642c 2074 6865 2073 6861 7265 stead, the share\n-00038200: 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6973 2066 6f75 d library is fou\n-00038210: 6e64 2062 7920 6c6f 6f6b 696e 6720 666f nd by looking fo\n-00038220: 7220 6120 6669 6c65 206d 6174 6368 696e r a file matchin\n-00038230: 6720 7468 650a 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6e61 g the.library na\n-00038240: 6d65 2077 6974 6820 e280 982e 736f e280 me with ....so..\n-00038250: 9920 6170 7065 6e64 6564 2e20 2054 6869 . appended. Thi\n-00038260: 7320 6669 6c65 2065 7869 7374 7320 6f6e s file exists on\n-00038270: 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d the file system\n-00038280: 0a61 7320 6120 7379 6d6c 696e 6b20 706f .as a symlink po\n-00038290: 696e 7469 6e67 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7368 inting to the sh\n-000382a0: 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2e0a 0a53 ared library...S\n-000382b0: 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 hared libraries \n-000382c0: 6172 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2073 706c are normally spl\n-000382d0: 6974 2069 6e74 6f20 7365 7665 7261 6c20 it into several \n-000382e0: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e binary packages.\n-000382f0: 2020 5468 650a e280 9853 4f4e 414d 45e2 The....SONAME.\n-00038300: 8099 2073 796d 6c69 6e6b 2069 7320 696e .. symlink is in\n-00038310: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6279 2074 6865 2072 stalled by the r\n-00038320: 756e 7469 6d65 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 untime shared li\n-00038330: 6272 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 652c 2061 brary package, a\n-00038340: 6e64 0a74 6865 2062 6172 6520 e280 982e nd.the bare ....\n-00038350: 736f e280 9920 7379 6d6c 696e 6b20 6973 so... symlink is\n-00038360: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2069 6e20 7468 installed in th\n-00038370: 6520 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 7061 e development pa\n-00038380: 636b 6167 6520 7369 6e63 650a 6974 e280 ckage since.it..\n-00038390: 9973 206f 6e6c 7920 7573 6564 2077 6865 .s only used whe\n-000383a0: 6e20 6c69 6e6b 696e 6720 6269 6e61 7269 n linking binari\n-000383b0: 6573 206f 7220 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 es or shared lib\n-000383c0: 7261 7269 6573 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 raries. However\n-000383d0: 2c0a 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 736f 6d65 ,.there are some\n-000383e0: 2065 7863 6570 7469 6f6e 7320 666f 7220 exceptions for \n-000383f0: 756e 7573 7561 6c20 7368 6172 6564 206c unusual shared l\n-00038400: 6962 7261 7269 6573 206f 7220 666f 7220 ibraries or for \n-00038410: 7368 6172 6564 0a6c 6962 7261 7269 6573 shared.libraries\n-00038420: 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 616c 736f 206c that are also l\n-00038430: 6f61 6465 6420 6173 2064 796e 616d 6963 oaded as dynamic\n-00038440: 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2062 7920 6f74 6865 modules by othe\n-00038450: 7220 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 2e0a 0a54 6869 r programs...Thi\n-00038460: 7320 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6973 2070 7269 s section is pri\n-00038470: 6d61 7269 6c79 2063 6f6e 6365 726e 6564 marily concerned\n-00038480: 2077 6974 6820 686f 7720 7468 6520 7365 with how the se\n-00038490: 7061 7261 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7368 6172 paration of shar\n-000384a0: 6564 0a6c 6962 7261 7269 6573 2069 6e74 ed.libraries int\n-000384b0: 6f20 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2070 6163 6b61 o multiple packa\n-000384c0: 6765 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 646f ges should be do\n-000384d0: 6e65 2061 6e64 2068 6f77 2064 6570 656e ne and how depen\n-000384e0: 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6f6e 0a61 6e64 2062 dencies on.and b\n-000384f0: 6574 7765 656e 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 etween shared li\n-00038500: 6272 6172 7920 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 brary binary pac\n-00038510: 6b61 6765 7320 6172 6520 6d61 6e61 6765 kages are manage\n-00038520: 6420 696e 2044 6562 6961 6e2e 2020 2a6e d in Debian. *n\n-00038530: 6f74 650a 4c69 6272 6172 6965 733a 2065 ote.Libraries: e\n-00038540: 662e 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2072 6561 f. should be rea\n-00038550: 6420 696e 2063 6f6e 6a75 6e63 7469 6f6e d in conjunction\n-00038560: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6973 2073 6563 7469 with this secti\n-00038570: 6f6e 2061 6e64 0a63 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 on and.contains \n-00038580: 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2072 756c 6573 additional rules\n-00038590: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2066 696c 6573 2063 for the files c\n-000385a0: 6f6e 7461 696e 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 ontained in the \n-000385b0: 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 0a70 shared library.p\n-000385c0: 6163 6b61 6765 732e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 ackages...* Menu\n-000385d0: 3a0a 0a2a 2052 756e 2d74 696d 6520 7368 :..* Run-time sh\n-000385e0: 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7269 6573 3a3a ared libraries::\n-000385f0: 0a2a 2053 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 .* Shared librar\n-00038600: 7920 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6669 6c65 733a y support files:\n-00038610: 3a0a 2a20 5374 6174 6963 206c 6962 7261 :.* Static libra\n-00038620: 7269 6573 3a3a 0a2a 2044 6576 656c 6f70 ries::.* Develop\n-00038630: 6d65 6e74 2066 696c 6573 3a3a 0a2a 2044 ment files::.* D\n-00038640: 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6265 7477 ependencies betw\n-00038650: 6565 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 een the packages\n-00038660: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7361 6d65 206c 6962 of the same lib\n-00038670: 7261 7279 3a3a 0a2a 2044 6570 656e 6465 rary::.* Depende\n-00038680: 6e63 6965 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7468 ncies between th\n-00038690: 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 616e 6420 6f74 e library and ot\n-000386a0: 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 3a3a 0a0a her packages::..\n-000386b0: 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f ---------- Fo\n-000386c0: 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d otnotes --------\n-000386d0: 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 6869 7320 --.. (1) This \n-000386e0: 6973 2061 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e20 is a convention \n-000386f0: 6f66 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 of shared librar\n-00038700: 7920 7665 7273 696f 6e69 6e67 2c20 6275 y versioning, bu\n-00038710: 7420 6e6f 7420 610a 7265 7175 6972 656d t not a.requirem\n-00038720: 656e 742e 2020 536f 6d65 206c 6962 7261 ent. Some libra\n-00038730: 7269 6573 2075 7365 2074 6865 20e2 8098 ries use the ...\n-00038740: 534f 4e41 4d45 e280 9920 6173 2074 6865 SONAME... as the\n-00038750: 2066 756c 6c20 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6669 full library fi\n-00038760: 6c65 0a6e 616d 6520 696e 7374 6561 6420 le.name instead \n-00038770: 616e 6420 7468 6572 6566 6f72 6520 646f and therefore do\n-00038780: 206e 6f74 206e 6565 6420 6120 7379 6d6c not need a syml\n-00038790: 696e 6b2e 2020 4d6f 7374 2c20 686f 7765 ink. 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(3) The\n-00039d70: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d 616e 6167 656d package managem\n-00039d80: 656e 7420 7379 7374 656d 2072 6571 7569 ent system requi\n-00039d90: 7265 7320 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 res the library \n-00039da0: 746f 2062 6520 706c 6163 6564 0a62 6566 to be placed.bef\n-00039db0: 6f72 6520 7468 6520 7379 6d62 6f6c 6963 ore the symbolic\n-00039dc0: 206c 696e 6b20 706f 696e 7469 6e67 2074 link pointing t\n-00039dd0: 6f20 6974 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 982e o it in the ....\n-00039de0: 6465 62e2 8099 2066 696c 652e 2020 5468 deb... file. Th\n-00039df0: 6973 2069 7320 736f 0a74 6861 7420 7768 is is so.that wh\n-00039e00: 656e 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 636f en ...dpkg... co\n-00039e10: 6d65 7320 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 mes to install t\n-00039e20: 6865 2073 796d 6c69 6e6b 2028 6f76 6572 he symlink (over\n-00039e30: 7772 6974 696e 6720 7468 6520 7072 6576 writing the prev\n-00039e40: 696f 7573 0a73 796d 6c69 6e6b 2070 6f69 ious.symlink poi\n-00039e50: 6e74 696e 6720 6174 2061 6e20 6f6c 6465 nting at an olde\n-00039e60: 7220 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 r version of the\n-00039e70: 206c 6962 7261 7279 292c 2074 6865 206e library), the n\n-00039e80: 6577 2073 6861 7265 640a 6c69 6272 6172 ew shared.librar\n-00039e90: 7920 6973 2061 6c72 6561 6479 2069 6e20 y is already in \n-00039ea0: 706c 6163 652e 2020 496e 2074 6865 2070 place. In the p\n-00039eb0: 6173 742c 2074 6869 7320 7761 7320 6163 ast, this was ac\n-00039ec0: 6869 6576 6564 2062 7920 6372 6561 7469 hieved by creati\n-00039ed0: 6e67 0a74 6865 206c 6962 7261 7279 2069 ng.the library i\n-00039ee0: 6e20 7468 6520 7465 6d70 6f72 6172 7920 n the temporary \n-00039ef0: 7061 636b 6167 696e 6720 6469 7265 6374 packaging direct\n-00039f00: 6f72 7920 6265 666f 7265 2063 7265 6174 ory before creat\n-00039f10: 696e 6720 7468 650a 7379 6d6c 696e 6b2e ing the.symlink.\n-00039f20: 2020 556e 666f 7274 756e 6174 656c 792c Unfortunately,\n-00039f30: 2074 6869 7320 7761 7320 6e6f 7420 616c this was not al\n-00039f40: 7761 7973 2065 6666 6563 7469 7665 2c20 ways effective, \n-00039f50: 7369 6e63 6520 7468 650a 6275 696c 6469 since the.buildi\n-00039f60: 6e67 206f 6620 7468 6520 7461 7220 6669 ng of the tar fi\n-00039f70: 6c65 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 982e 6465 le in the ....de\n-00039f80: 62e2 8099 2064 6570 656e 6465 6420 6f6e b... depended on\n-00039f90: 2074 6865 2062 6568 6176 696f 7220 6f66 the behavior of\n-00039fa0: 2074 6865 0a75 6e64 6572 6c79 696e 6720 the.underlying \n-00039fb0: 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d2e 2020 536f file system. So\n-00039fc0: 6d65 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 7320 me file systems \n-00039fd0: 2873 7563 6820 6173 2072 6569 7365 7266 (such as reiserf\n-00039fe0: 7329 2072 656f 7264 6572 0a74 6865 2066 s) reorder.the f\n-00039ff0: 696c 6573 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2074 6865 iles so that the\n-0003a000: 206f 7264 6572 206f 6620 6372 6561 7469 order of creati\n-0003a010: 6f6e 2069 7320 666f 7267 6f74 7465 6e2e on is forgotten.\n-0003a020: 2020 5369 6e63 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e0a Since version.\n-0003a030: 312e 372e 302c 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 1.7.0, ...dpkg..\n-0003a040: 9920 7265 6f72 6465 7273 2074 6865 2066 . reorders the f\n-0003a050: 696c 6573 2069 7473 656c 6620 6173 206e iles itself as n\n-0003a060: 6563 6573 7361 7279 2077 6865 6e20 6275 ecessary when bu\n-0003a070: 696c 6469 6e67 2061 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 ilding a.package\n-0003a080: 2e20 2054 6875 7320 6974 2069 7320 6e6f . Thus it is no\n-0003a090: 206c 6f6e 6765 7220 696d 706f 7274 616e longer importan\n-0003a0a0: 7420 746f 2063 6f6e 6365 726e 206f 6e65 t to concern one\n-0003a0b0: 7365 6c66 2077 6974 6820 7468 650a 6f72 self with the.or\n-0003a0c0: 6465 7220 6f66 2066 696c 6520 6372 6561 der of file crea\n-0003a0d0: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 tion.....File: d\n-0003a0e0: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 ebian-policy.inf\n-0003a0f0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6c64 636f 6e66 o, Node: ldconf\n-0003a100: 6967 2c20 2055 703a 2052 756e 2d74 696d ig, Up: Run-tim\n-0003a110: 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7269 e shared librari\n-0003a120: 6573 0a0a 372e 312e 3120 e280 986c 6463 es..7.1.1 ...ldc\n-0003a130: 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d onfig....-------\n-0003a140: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a41 6e79 2070 ---------..Any p\n-0003a150: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e ackage installin\n-0003a160: 6720 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7269 g shared librari\n-0003a170: 6573 2069 6e20 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 es in one of the\n-0003a180: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 206c 6962 7261 7279 default library\n-0003a190: 0a64 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 206f 6620 .directories of \n-0003a1a0: 7468 6520 6479 6e61 6d69 6320 6c69 6e6b the dynamic link\n-0003a1b0: 6572 2028 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 6375 er (which are cu\n-0003a1c0: 7272 656e 746c 7920 e280 982f 7573 722f rrently .../usr/\n-0003a1d0: 6c69 62e2 8099 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 2f6c lib... and..../l\n-0003a1e0: 6962 e280 9929 206f 7220 6120 6469 7265 ib...) or a dire\n-0003a1f0: 6374 6f72 7920 7468 6174 2069 7320 6c69 ctory that is li\n-0003a200: 7374 6564 2069 6e20 e280 982f 6574 632f sted in .../etc/\n-0003a210: 6c64 2e73 6f2e 636f 6e66 e280 9920 2831 ld.so.conf... (1\n-0003a220: 2920 6d75 7374 2075 7365 0ae2 8098 6c64 ) must use....ld\n-0003a230: 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 746f 2075 7064 config... to upd\n-0003a240: 6174 6520 7468 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c ate the shared l\n-0003a250: 6962 7261 7279 2073 7973 7465 6d2e 0a0a ibrary system...\n-0003a260: 416e 7920 7375 6368 2070 6163 6b61 6765 Any such package\n-0003a270: 206d 7573 7420 6861 7665 2074 6865 206c must have the l\n-0003a280: 696e 6520 e280 9861 6374 6976 6174 652d ine ...activate-\n-0003a290: 6e6f 6177 6169 7420 6c64 636f 6e66 6967 noawait ldconfig\n-0003a2a0: e280 9920 696e 2069 7473 0ae2 8098 7472 ... in its....tr\n-0003a2b0: 6967 6765 7273 e280 9920 636f 6e74 726f iggers... contro\n-0003a2c0: 6c20 6669 6c65 2028 692e 652e 2020 e280 l file (i.e. ..\n-0003a2d0: 9844 4542 4941 4e2f 7472 6967 6765 7273 .DEBIAN/triggers\n-0003a2e0: e280 9929 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ...)... ------\n-0003a2f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d ---- Footnotes -\n-0003a300: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 ---------.. (1\n-0003a310: 2920 5468 6573 6520 6172 6520 6375 7272 ) These are curr\n-0003a320: 656e 746c 7920 e280 982f 7573 722f 6c6f ently .../usr/lo\n-0003a330: 6361 6c2f 6c69 62e2 8099 2070 6c75 7320 cal/lib... plus \n-0003a340: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 7320 756e 6465 directories unde\n-0003a350: 720a e280 982f 6c69 62e2 8099 2061 6e64 r..../lib... and\n-0003a360: 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 e280 9920 .../usr/lib... \n-0003a370: 6d61 7463 6869 6e67 2074 6865 206d 756c matching the mul\n-0003a380: 7469 6172 6368 2074 7269 706c 6574 2066 tiarch triplet f\n-0003a390: 6f72 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 6172 or the system.ar\n-0003a3a0: 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 chitecture.....F\n-0003a3b0: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-0003a3c0: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-0003a3d0: 5368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2073 Shared library s\n-0003a3e0: 7570 706f 7274 2066 696c 6573 2c20 204e upport files, N\n-0003a3f0: 6578 743a 2053 7461 7469 6320 6c69 6272 ext: Static libr\n-0003a400: 6172 6965 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5275 aries, Prev: Ru\n-0003a410: 6e2d 7469 6d65 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 n-time shared li\n-0003a420: 6272 6172 6965 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5368 braries, Up: Sh\n-0003a430: 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7269 6573 0a0a ared libraries..\n-0003a440: 372e 3220 5368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7.2 Shared libra\n-0003a450: 7279 2073 7570 706f 7274 2066 696c 6573 ry support files\n-0003a460: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n-0003a470: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003a480: 3d0a 0a49 6620 796f 7572 2070 6163 6b61 =..If your packa\n-0003a490: 6765 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 6669 6c65 ge contains file\n-0003a4a0: 7320 7768 6f73 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 646f s whose names do\n-0003a4b0: 206e 6f74 2063 6861 6e67 6520 7769 7468 not change with\n-0003a4c0: 2065 6163 680a 6368 616e 6765 2069 6e20 each.change in \n-0003a4d0: 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7368 6172 the library shar\n-0003a4e0: 6564 206f 626a 6563 7420 7665 7273 696f ed object versio\n-0003a4f0: 6e2c 2079 6f75 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 n, you must not \n-0003a500: 7075 7420 7468 656d 2069 6e0a 7468 6520 put them in.the \n-0003a510: 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2070 shared library p\n-0003a520: 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 204f 7468 6572 7769 ackage. Otherwi\n-0003a530: 7365 2c20 7365 7665 7261 6c20 7665 7273 se, several vers\n-0003a540: 696f 6e73 206f 6620 7468 6520 7368 6172 ions of the shar\n-0003a550: 6564 0a6c 6962 7261 7279 2063 616e 6e6f ed.library canno\n-0003a560: 7420 6265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2061 t be installed a\n-0003a570: 7420 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2074 696d 6520 t the same time \n-0003a580: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6669 6c65 6e61 6d65 without filename\n-0003a590: 2063 6c61 7368 6573 2c0a 6d61 6b69 6e67 clashes,.making\n-0003a5a0: 2075 7067 7261 6465 7320 616e 6420 7472 upgrades and tr\n-0003a5b0: 616e 7369 7469 6f6e 7320 756e 6e65 6365 ansitions unnece\n-0003a5c0: 7373 6172 696c 7920 6469 6666 6963 756c ssarily difficul\n-0003a5d0: 742e 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 7265 636f 6d6d t...It is recomm\n-0003a5e0: 656e 6465 6420 7468 6174 2073 7570 706f ended that suppo\n-0003a5f0: 7274 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 rting files and \n-0003a600: 7275 6e2d 7469 6d65 2073 7570 706f 7274 run-time support\n-0003a610: 2070 726f 6772 616d 730a 7468 6174 2064 programs.that d\n-0003a620: 6f20 6e6f 7420 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6265 o not need to be\n-0003a630: 2069 6e76 6f6b 6564 206d 616e 7561 6c6c invoked manuall\n-0003a640: 7920 6279 2075 7365 7273 2c20 6275 7420 y by users, but \n-0003a650: 6172 6520 6e65 7665 7274 6865 6c65 7373 are nevertheless\n-0003a660: 0a72 6571 7569 7265 6420 666f 7220 7468 .required for th\n-0003a670: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f 2066 756e e package to fun\n-0003a680: 6374 696f 6e2c 2062 6520 706c 6163 6564 ction, be placed\n-0003a690: 2028 6966 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 6269 (if they are bi\n-0003a6a0: 6e61 7279 2920 696e 0a61 2073 7562 6469 nary) in.a subdi\n-0003a6b0: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6f66 20e2 8098 2f75 rectory of .../u\n-0003a6c0: 7372 2f6c 6962 e280 992c 2070 7265 6665 sr/lib..., prefe\n-0003a6d0: 7261 626c 7920 756e 6465 7220 e280 982f rably under .../\n-0003a6e0: 7573 722f 6c69 622f e280 9970 6163 6b61 usr/lib/...packa\n-0003a6f0: 6765 2d6e 616d 652e 0a49 6620 7468 6520 ge-name..If the \n-0003a700: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 6f72 2066 696c 6520 program or file \n-0003a710: 6973 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6520 is architecture \n-0003a720: 696e 6465 7065 6e64 656e 742c 2074 6865 independent, the\n-0003a730: 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6174 696f 6e0a recommendation.\n-0003a740: 6973 2066 6f72 2069 7420 746f 2062 6520 is for it to be \n-0003a750: 706c 6163 6564 2069 6e20 6120 7375 6264 placed in a subd\n-0003a760: 6972 6563 746f 7279 206f 6620 e280 982f irectory of .../\n-0003a770: 7573 722f 7368 6172 65e2 8099 2069 6e73 usr/share... ins\n-0003a780: 7465 6164 2c0a 7072 6566 6572 6162 6c79 tead,.preferably\n-0003a790: 2075 6e64 6572 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 under .../usr/s\n-0003a7a0: 6861 7265 2fe2 8099 7061 636b 6167 652d hare/...package-\n-0003a7b0: 6e61 6d65 2e20 2046 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 name. Following\n-0003a7c0: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2d6e 616d the package-nam\n-0003a7d0: 650a 6e61 6d69 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 e.naming convent\n-0003a7e0: 696f 6e20 656e 7375 7265 7320 7468 6174 ion ensures that\n-0003a7f0: 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 the file names \n-0003a800: 6368 616e 6765 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6520 change when the \n-0003a810: 7368 6172 6564 0a6f 626a 6563 7420 7665 shared.object ve\n-0003a820: 7273 696f 6e20 6368 616e 6765 732e 0a0a rsion changes...\n-0003a830: 5275 6e2d 7469 6d65 2073 7570 706f 7274 Run-time support\n-0003a840: 2070 726f 6772 616d 7320 7468 6174 2075 programs that u\n-0003a850: 7365 2074 6865 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 se the shared li\n-0003a860: 6272 6172 7920 6275 7420 6172 6520 6e6f brary but are no\n-0003a870: 740a 7265 7175 6972 6564 2066 6f72 2074 t.required for t\n-0003a880: 6865 206c 6962 7261 7279 2074 6f20 6675 he library to fu\n-0003a890: 6e63 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 6669 6c65 7320 nction or files \n-0003a8a0: 7573 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 7368 6172 used by the shar\n-0003a8b0: 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 0a74 6861 7420 ed library.that \n-0003a8c0: 6361 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 6279 2061 can be used by a\n-0003a8d0: 6e79 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 ny version of th\n-0003a8e0: 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 e shared library\n-0003a8f0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2073 686f 756c 640a package should.\n-0003a900: 696e 7374 6561 6420 6265 2070 7574 2069 instead be put i\n-0003a910: 6e20 6120 7365 7061 7261 7465 2070 6163 n a separate pac\n-0003a920: 6b61 6765 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7061 636b kage. This pack\n-0003a930: 6167 6520 6d69 6768 7420 7479 7069 6361 age might typica\n-0003a940: 6c6c 7920 6265 0a6e 616d 6564 206c 6962 lly be.named lib\n-0003a950: 7261 7279 6e61 6d65 2d74 6f6f 6c73 3b20 raryname-tools; \n-0003a960: 6e6f 7465 2074 6865 2061 6273 656e 6365 note the absence\n-0003a970: 206f 6620 7468 6520 736f 7665 7273 696f of the soversio\n-0003a980: 6e20 696e 2074 6865 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 n in the.package\n-0003a990: 206e 616d 652e 0a0a 4669 6c65 7320 616e name...Files an\n-0003a9a0: 6420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7072 6f67 7261 d support progra\n-0003a9b0: 6d73 206f 6e6c 7920 7573 6566 756c 2077 ms only useful w\n-0003a9c0: 6865 6e20 636f 6d70 696c 696e 6720 736f hen compiling so\n-0003a9d0: 6674 7761 7265 2061 6761 696e 7374 0a74 ftware against.t\n-0003a9e0: 6865 206c 6962 7261 7279 2073 686f 756c he library shoul\n-0003a9f0: 6420 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e d be included in\n-0003aa00: 2074 6865 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 the development\n-0003aa10: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2066 6f72 2074 6865 package for the\n-0003aa20: 0a6c 6962 7261 7279 2e20 2028 3129 0a0a .library. (1)..\n-0003aa30: 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f ---------- Fo\n-0003aa40: 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d otnotes --------\n-0003aa50: 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2046 6f72 2065 --.. (1) For e\n-0003aa60: 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6120 e280 9870 6163 xample, a ...pac\n-0003aa70: 6b61 6765 2d6e 616d 652d 636f 6e66 6967 kage-name-config\n-0003aa80: e280 9920 7363 7269 7074 206f 7220 706b ... script or pk\n-0003aa90: 672d 636f 6e66 6967 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 g-config.configu\n-0003aaa0: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2e0a 0a1f ration files....\n-0003aab0: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n-0003aac0: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n-0003aad0: 3a20 5374 6174 6963 206c 6962 7261 7269 : Static librari\n-0003aae0: 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2044 6576 656c es, Next: Devel\n-0003aaf0: 6f70 6d65 6e74 2066 696c 6573 2c20 2050 opment files, P\n-0003ab00: 7265 763a 2053 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 rev: Shared libr\n-0003ab10: 6172 7920 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6669 6c65 ary support file\n-0003ab20: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5368 6172 6564 206c s, Up: Shared l\n-0003ab30: 6962 7261 7269 6573 0a0a 372e 3320 5374 ibraries..7.3 St\n-0003ab40: 6174 6963 206c 6962 7261 7269 6573 0a3d atic libraries.=\n-0003ab50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003ab60: 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2073 7461 7469 6320 ===..The static \n-0003ab70: 6c69 6272 6172 7920 28e2 8098 6c69 6272 library (...libr\n-0003ab80: 6172 796e 616d 652e 61e2 8099 2920 6973 aryname.a...) is\n-0003ab90: 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2070 726f 7669 6465 usually provide\n-0003aba0: 6420 696e 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e20 746f d in addition to\n-0003abb0: 0a74 6865 2073 6861 7265 6420 7665 7273 .the shared vers\n-0003abc0: 696f 6e2e 2020 4974 2069 7320 706c 6163 ion. It is plac\n-0003abd0: 6564 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 6465 7665 ed into the deve\n-0003abe0: 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 7061 636b 6167 6520 lopment package \n-0003abf0: 2873 6565 0a62 656c 6f77 292e 0a0a 496e (see.below)...In\n-0003ac00: 2073 6f6d 6520 6361 7365 732c 2069 7420 some cases, it \n-0003ac10: 6973 2061 6363 6570 7461 626c 6520 666f is acceptable fo\n-0003ac20: 7220 6120 6c69 6272 6172 7920 746f 2062 r a library to b\n-0003ac30: 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 696e 2073 e available in s\n-0003ac40: 7461 7469 630a 666f 726d 206f 6e6c 793b tatic.form only;\n-0003ac50: 2074 6865 7365 2063 6173 6573 2069 6e63 these cases inc\n-0003ac60: 6c75 6465 3a0a 0a20 2020 2d20 6c69 6272 lude:.. - libr\n-0003ac70: 6172 6965 7320 666f 7220 6c61 6e67 7561 aries for langua\n-0003ac80: 6765 7320 7768 6f73 6520 7368 6172 6564 ges whose shared\n-0003ac90: 206c 6962 7261 7279 2073 7570 706f 7274 library support\n-0003aca0: 2069 7320 696d 6d61 7475 7265 206f 720a is immature or.\n-0003acb0: 2020 2020 2075 6e73 7461 626c 650a 0a20 unstable.. \n-0003acc0: 2020 2d20 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 7768 - libraries wh\n-0003acd0: 6f73 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 6573 2061 ose interfaces a\n-0003ace0: 7265 2069 6e20 666c 7578 206f 7220 756e re in flux or un\n-0003acf0: 6465 7220 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 740a der development.\n-0003ad00: 2020 2020 2028 636f 6d6d 6f6e 6c79 2074 (commonly t\n-0003ad10: 6865 2063 6173 6520 7768 656e 2074 6865 he case when the\n-0003ad20: 206c 6962 7261 7279 e280 9973 206d 616a library...s maj\n-0003ad30: 6f72 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 or version numbe\n-0003ad40: 7220 6973 207a 6572 6f2c 0a20 2020 2020 r is zero,. \n-0003ad50: 6f72 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 2041 4249 or where the ABI\n-0003ad60: 2062 7265 616b 7320 6163 726f 7373 2070 breaks across p\n-0003ad70: 6174 6368 6c65 7665 6c73 290a 0a20 2020 atchlevels).. \n-0003ad80: 2d20 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 7768 6963 - libraries whic\n-0003ad90: 6820 6172 6520 6578 706c 6963 6974 6c79 h are explicitly\n-0003ada0: 2069 6e74 656e 6465 6420 746f 2062 6520 intended to be \n-0003adb0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 6c79 2069 available only i\n-0003adc0: 6e0a 2020 2020 2073 7461 7469 6320 666f n. static fo\n-0003add0: 726d 2062 7920 7468 6569 7220 7570 7374 rm by their upst\n-0003ade0: 7265 616d 2061 7574 686f 7228 7329 0a0a ream author(s)..\n-0003adf0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n-0003ae00: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n-0003ae10: 653a 2044 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2066 e: Development f\n-0003ae20: 696c 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2044 6570 iles, Next: Dep\n-0003ae30: 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6265 7477 6565 endencies betwee\n-0003ae40: 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 206f n the packages o\n-0003ae50: 6620 7468 6520 7361 6d65 206c 6962 7261 f the same libra\n-0003ae60: 7279 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2053 7461 7469 ry, Prev: Stati\n-0003ae70: 6320 6c69 6272 6172 6965 732c 2020 5570 c libraries, Up\n-0003ae80: 3a20 5368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7269 : Shared librari\n-0003ae90: 6573 0a0a 372e 3420 4465 7665 6c6f 706d es..7.4 Developm\n-0003aea0: 656e 7420 6669 6c65 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ent files.======\n-0003aeb0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-0003aec0: 0a49 6620 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 6465 .If there are de\n-0003aed0: 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 6669 6c65 7320 velopment files \n-0003aee0: 6173 736f 6369 6174 6564 2077 6974 6820 associated with \n-0003aef0: 6120 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 a shared library\n-0003af00: 2c20 7468 650a 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 , the.source pac\n-0003af10: 6b61 6765 206e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 6765 kage needs to ge\n-0003af20: 6e65 7261 7465 2061 2062 696e 6172 7920 nerate a binary \n-0003af30: 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 7061 636b development pack\n-0003af40: 6167 6520 6e61 6d65 640a 6c69 6272 6172 age named.librar\n-0003af50: 796e 616d 652d 6465 762c 206f 7220 6966 yname-dev, or if\n-0003af60: 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2073 7570 you need to sup\n-0003af70: 706f 7274 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 6465 port multiple de\n-0003af80: 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f velopment versio\n-0003af90: 6e73 0a61 7420 6120 7469 6d65 2c20 6c69 ns.at a time, li\n-0003afa0: 6272 6172 796e 616d 6561 7069 7665 7273 brarynameapivers\n-0003afb0: 696f 6e2d 6465 762e 2020 496e 7374 616c ion-dev. 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(1)..In cas\n-0003b060: 6520 7365 7665 7261 6c20 6465 7665 6c6f e several develo\n-0003b070: 706d 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f pment versions o\n-0003b080: 6620 6120 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6578 6973 f a library exis\n-0003b090: 742c 2079 6f75 206d 6179 206e 6565 6420 t, you may need \n-0003b0a0: 746f 0a75 7365 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 to.use ...dpkg..\n-0003b0b0: 99e2 8099 7320 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 7320 ....s Conflicts \n-0003b0c0: 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d20 2873 6565 202a mechanism (see *\n-0003b0d0: 6e6f 7465 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 6e67 note Conflicting\n-0003b0e0: 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 binary packages\n-0003b0f0: 0a2d 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 3a20 6530 .- Conflicts: e0\n-0003b100: 2e29 2074 6f20 656e 7375 7265 2074 6861 .) to ensure tha\n-0003b110: 7420 7468 6520 7573 6572 206f 6e6c 7920 t the user only \n-0003b120: 696e 7374 616c 6c73 206f 6e65 2064 6576 installs one dev\n-0003b130: 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e elopment.version\n-0003b140: 2061 7420 6120 7469 6d65 2028 6173 2064 at a time (as d\n-0003b150: 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2064 6576 656c 6f70 ifferent develop\n-0003b160: 6d65 6e74 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6172 ment versions ar\n-0003b170: 6520 6c69 6b65 6c79 2074 6f20 6861 7665 e likely to have\n-0003b180: 0a74 6865 2073 616d 6520 6865 6164 6572 .the same header\n-0003b190: 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 7468 656d 2c20 files in them, \n-0003b1a0: 7768 6963 6820 776f 756c 6420 6361 7573 which would caus\n-0003b1b0: 6520 6120 6669 6c65 6e61 6d65 2063 6c61 e a filename cla\n-0003b1c0: 7368 2069 660a 626f 7468 2077 6572 6520 sh if.both were \n-0003b1d0: 756e 7061 636b 6564 292e 0a0a 5468 6520 unpacked)...The \n-0003b1e0: 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 7061 636b development pack\n-0003b1f0: 6167 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2063 6f6e 7461 age should conta\n-0003b200: 696e 2061 2073 796d 6c69 6e6b 2066 6f72 in a symlink for\n-0003b210: 2074 6865 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 640a the associated.\n-0003b220: 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2077 shared library w\n-0003b230: 6974 686f 7574 2061 2076 6572 7369 6f6e ithout a version\n-0003b240: 206e 756d 6265 722e 2020 466f 7220 6578 number. 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(1) This wor\n-0003b4a0: 6469 6e67 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 7468 6520 ding allows the \n-0003b4b0: 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 6669 6c65 development file\n-0003b4c0: 7320 746f 2062 6520 7370 6c69 7420 696e s to be split in\n-0003b4d0: 746f 0a73 6576 6572 616c 2070 6163 6b61 to.several packa\n-0003b4e0: 6765 732c 2073 7563 6820 6173 2061 2073 ges, such as a s\n-0003b4f0: 6570 6172 6174 6520 6172 6368 6974 6563 eparate architec\n-0003b500: 7475 7265 2d69 6e64 6570 656e 6465 6e74 ture-independent\n-0003b510: 0a6c 6962 7261 7279 6e61 6d65 2d68 6561 .libraryname-hea\n-0003b520: 6465 7273 2c20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2074 ders, provided t\n-0003b530: 6861 7420 7468 6520 6465 7665 6c6f 706d hat the developm\n-0003b540: 656e 7420 7061 636b 6167 6520 6465 7065 ent package depe\n-0003b550: 6e64 7320 6f6e 0a61 6c6c 2074 6865 2072 nds on.all the r\n-0003b560: 6571 7569 7265 6420 6164 6469 7469 6f6e equired addition\n-0003b570: 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e 0a0a 1f0a al packages.....\n-0003b580: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-0003b590: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-0003b5a0: 2044 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6265 Dependencies be\n-0003b5b0: 7477 6565 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 tween the packag\n-0003b5c0: 6573 206f 6620 7468 6520 7361 6d65 206c es of the same l\n-0003b5d0: 6962 7261 7279 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2044 ibrary, Next: D\n-0003b5e0: 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6265 7477 ependencies betw\n-0003b5f0: 6565 6e20 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 een the library \n-0003b600: 616e 6420 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 and other packag\n-0003b610: 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2044 6576 656c es, Prev: Devel\n-0003b620: 6f70 6d65 6e74 2066 696c 6573 2c20 2055 opment files, U\n-0003b630: 703a 2053 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 p: Shared librar\n-0003b640: 6965 730a 0a37 2e35 2044 6570 656e 6465 ies..7.5 Depende\n-0003b650: 6e63 6965 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7468 ncies between th\n-0003b660: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 206f 6620 7468 e packages of th\n-0003b670: 6520 7361 6d65 206c 6962 7261 7279 0a3d e same library.=\n-0003b680: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003b690: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003b6a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003b6b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5479 7069 6361 ========..Typica\n-0003b6c0: 6c6c 7920 7468 6520 6465 7665 6c6f 706d lly the developm\n-0003b6d0: 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 7368 6f75 ent version shou\n-0003b6e0: 6c64 2068 6176 6520 616e 2065 7861 6374 ld have an exact\n-0003b6f0: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 0a64 6570 656e 6465 version.depende\n-0003b700: 6e63 7920 6f6e 2074 6865 2072 756e 7469 ncy on the runti\n-0003b710: 6d65 206c 6962 7261 7279 2c20 746f 206d me library, to m\n-0003b720: 616b 6520 7375 7265 2074 6861 7420 636f ake sure that co\n-0003b730: 6d70 696c 6174 696f 6e20 616e 640a 6c69 mpilation and.li\n-0003b740: 6e6b 696e 6720 6861 7070 656e 7320 636f nking happens co\n-0003b750: 7272 6563 746c 792e 2020 5468 6520 e280 rrectly. The ..\n-0003b760: 9824 7b62 696e 6172 793a 5665 7273 696f .${binary:Versio\n-0003b770: 6e7d e280 9920 7375 6273 7469 7475 7469 n}... substituti\n-0003b780: 6f6e 0a76 6172 6961 626c 6520 6361 6e20 on.variable can \n-0003b790: 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 666f 7220 7468 be useful for th\n-0003b7a0: 6973 2070 7572 706f 7365 2e20 2028 3129 is purpose. (1)\n-0003b7b0: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n-0003b7c0: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n-0003b7d0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2050 7265 ----.. 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heir fields (fro\n+00002f40: 6d20 6f6c 6420 5061 636b 6167 696e 6720 m old Packaging \n+00002f50: 4d61 6e75 616c 290a 0a2a 2053 796e 7461 Manual)..* Synta\n+00002f60: 7820 6f66 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c x of control fil\n+00002f70: 6573 3a20 5379 6e74 6178 206f 6620 636f es: Syntax of co\n+00002f80: 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 733c 323e 2e0a ntrol files<2>..\n+00002f90: 2a20 4c69 7374 206f 6620 6669 656c 6473 * List of fields\n+00002fa0: 3a20 4c69 7374 206f 6620 6669 656c 6473 : List of fields\n+00002fb0: 3c32 3e2e 0a0a 4c69 7374 206f 6620 6669 <2>...List of fi\n+00002fc0: 656c 6473 0a0a 2a20 4669 6c65 6e61 6d65 elds..* Filename\n+00002fd0: 2061 6e64 204d 5344 4f53 2d46 696c 656e and MSDOS-Filen\n+00002fe0: 616d 653a 3a0a 2a20 5369 7a65 2061 6e64 ame::.* Size and\n+00002ff0: 204d 4435 7375 6d3a 3a0a 2a20 5374 6174 MD5sum::.* Stat\n+00003000: 7573 3a3a 0a2a 2043 6f6e 6669 672d 5665 us::.* Config-Ve\n+00003010: 7273 696f 6e3a 3a0a 2a20 436f 6e66 6669 rsion::.* Conffi\n+00003020: 6c65 733a 3a0a 2a20 4f62 736f 6c65 7465 les::.* Obsolete\n+00003030: 2066 6965 6c64 733a 204f 6273 6f6c 6574 fields: Obsolet\n+00003040: 6520 6669 656c 6473 3c32 3e2e 0a0a 436f e fields<2>...Co\n+00003050: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n+00003060: 2068 616e 646c 696e 6720 2866 726f 6d20 handling (from \n+00003070: 6f6c 6420 5061 636b 6167 696e 6720 4d61 old Packaging Ma\n+00003080: 6e75 616c 290a 0a2a 2041 7574 6f6d 6174 nual)..* Automat\n+00003090: 6963 2068 616e 646c 696e 6720 6f66 2063 ic handling of c\n+000030a0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c onfiguration fil\n+000030b0: 6573 2062 7920 6470 6b67 3a3a 0a2a 2046 es by dpkg::.* F\n+000030c0: 756c 6c79 2d66 6561 7475 7265 6420 6d61 ully-featured ma\n+000030d0: 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7420 intainer script \n+000030e0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6861 configuration ha\n+000030f0: 6e64 6c69 6e67 3a3a 0a0a 4465 6269 616e ndling::..Debian\n+00003100: 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 6368 616e 6765 7320 Policy changes \n+00003110: 7072 6f63 6573 730a 0a2a 2049 6e74 726f process..* Intro\n+00003120: 6475 6374 696f 6e3a 2049 6e74 726f 6475 duction: Introdu\n+00003130: 6374 696f 6e3c 333e 2e0a 2a20 4368 616e ction<3>..* Chan\n+00003140: 6765 2047 6f61 6c73 3a3a 0a2a 2043 7572 ge Goals::.* Cur\n+00003150: 7265 6e74 2050 726f 6365 7373 3a3a 0a2a rent Process::.*\n+00003160: 204f 7468 6572 2054 6167 733a 3a0a 0a43 Other Tags::..C\n+00003170: 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 6365 7373 0a0a urrent Process..\n+00003180: 2a20 5374 6174 6520 413b 204d 6f72 6520 * State A; More \n+00003190: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7265 7175 information requ\n+000031a0: 6972 6564 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4120 4d6f ired: State A Mo\n+000031b0: 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2072 re information r\n+000031c0: 6571 7569 7265 642e 0a2a 2053 7461 7465 equired..* State\n+000031d0: 2042 3b20 4469 7363 7573 7369 6f6e 3a20 B; Discussion: \n+000031e0: 5374 6174 6520 4220 4469 7363 7573 7369 State B Discussi\n+000031f0: 6f6e 2e0a 2a20 5374 6174 6520 433b 2050 on..* State C; P\n+00003200: 726f 706f 7361 6c3a 2053 7461 7465 2043 roposal: State C\n+00003210: 2050 726f 706f 7361 6c2e 0a2a 2053 7461 Proposal..* Sta\n+00003220: 7465 2044 3b20 576f 7264 696e 6720 7072 te D; Wording pr\n+00003230: 6f70 6f73 6564 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4420 oposed: State D \n+00003240: 576f 7264 696e 6720 7072 6f70 6f73 6564 Wording proposed\n+00003250: 2e0a 2a20 5374 6174 6520 453b 2053 6563 ..* State E; Sec\n+00003260: 6f6e 6465 643a 2053 7461 7465 2045 2053 onded: State E S\n+00003270: 6563 6f6e 6465 642e 0a2a 2053 7461 7465 econded..* State\n+00003280: 2046 3b20 4163 6365 7074 6564 3a20 5374 F; Accepted: St\n+00003290: 6174 6520 4620 4163 6365 7074 6564 2e0a ate F Accepted..\n+000032a0: 2a20 5374 6174 6520 473b 2052 656a 6563 * State G; Rejec\n+000032b0: 743a 2053 7461 7465 2047 2052 656a 6563 t: State G Rejec\n+000032c0: 742e 0a0a 5570 6772 6164 696e 6720 6368 t...Upgrading ch\n+000032d0: 6563 6b6c 6973 740a 0a2a 2041 626f 7574 ecklist..* About\n+000032e0: 2074 6865 2063 6865 636b 6c69 7374 3a3a the checklist::\n+000032f0: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e37 2e32 .* Version 4.7.2\n+00003300: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3720 322e : Version 4 7 2.\n+00003310: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e37 2e31 .* Version 4.7.1\n+00003320: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3720 312e : Version 4 7 1.\n+00003330: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e37 2e30 .* Version 4.7.0\n+00003340: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3720 302e : Version 4 7 0.\n+00003350: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e36 2e32 .* Version 4.6.2\n+00003360: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3620 322e : Version 4 6 2.\n+00003370: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e36 2e31 .* Version 4.6.1\n+00003380: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3620 312e : Version 4 6 1.\n+00003390: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e36 2e30 .* Version 4.6.0\n+000033a0: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3620 302e : Version 4 6 0.\n+000033b0: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e35 2e31 .* Version 4.5.1\n+000033c0: 3a20 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2032 2e33 2e30 3a20 5665 7273 sion 2.3.0: Vers\n+00003b10: 696f 6e20 3220 3320 302e 0a2a 2056 6572 ion 2 3 0..* Ver\n+00003b20: 7369 6f6e 2032 2e32 2e30 3a20 5665 7273 sion 2.2.0: Vers\n+00003b30: 696f 6e20 3220 3220 302e 0a2a 2056 6572 ion 2 2 0..* Ver\n+00003b40: 7369 6f6e 2032 2e31 2e33 3a20 5665 7273 sion 2.1.3: Vers\n+00003b50: 696f 6e20 3220 3120 332e 0a2a 2056 6572 ion 2 1 3..* Ver\n+00003b60: 7369 6f6e 2032 2e31 2e32 3a20 5665 7273 sion 2.1.2: Vers\n+00003b70: 696f 6e20 3220 3120 322e 0a2a 2056 6572 ion 2 1 2..* Ver\n+00003b80: 7369 6f6e 2032 2e31 2e31 3a20 5665 7273 sion 2.1.1: Vers\n+00003b90: 696f 6e20 3220 3120 312e 0a2a 2056 6572 ion 2 1 1..* Ver\n+00003ba0: 7369 6f6e 2032 2e31 2e30 3a20 5665 7273 sion 2.1.0: Vers\n+00003bb0: 696f 6e20 3220 3120 302e 0a0a 0a1f 0a46 ion 2 1 0......F\n+00003bc0: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n+00003bd0: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n+00003be0: 4162 6f75 7420 7468 6973 206d 616e 7561 About this manua\n+00003bf0: 6c2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5468 6520 4465 l, Next: The De\n+00003c00: 6269 616e 2041 7263 6869 7665 2c20 2050 bian Archive, P\n+00003c10: 7265 763a 2054 6f70 2c20 2055 703a 2054 rev: Top, Up: T\n+00003c20: 6f70 0a0a 3120 4162 6f75 7420 7468 6973 op..1 About this\n+00003c30: 206d 616e 7561 6c0a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a manual.********\n+00003c40: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a2a 204d ***********..* M\n+00003c50: 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 5363 6f70 653a 3a0a enu:..* Scope::.\n+00003c60: 2a20 4e65 7720 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f * New versions o\n+00003c70: 6620 7468 6973 2064 6f63 756d 656e 743a f this document:\n+00003c80: 3a0a 2a20 4175 7468 6f72 7320 616e 6420 :.* Authors and \n+00003c90: 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 733a 3a0a 2a20 Maintainers::.* \n+00003ca0: 5265 6c61 7465 6420 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 Related document\n+00003cb0: 733a 3a0a 2a20 4465 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e s::.* Definition\n+00003cc0: 733a 3a0a 2a20 5472 616e 736c 6174 696f s::.* Translatio\n+00003cd0: 6e73 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 ns::....File: de\n+00003ce0: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f bian-policy.info\n+00003cf0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 636f 7065 2c20 , Node: Scope, \n+00003d00: 204e 6578 743a 204e 6577 2076 6572 7369 Next: New versi\n+00003d10: 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6869 7320 646f 6375 ons of this docu\n+00003d20: 6d65 6e74 2c20 2055 703a 2041 626f 7574 ment, Up: About\n+00003d30: 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 0a0a 312e this manual..1.\n+00003d40: 3120 5363 6f70 650a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 1 Scope.========\n+00003d50: 3d0a 0a54 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 2064 =..This manual d\n+00003d60: 6573 6372 6962 6573 2074 6865 2070 6f6c escribes the pol\n+00003d70: 6963 7920 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 icy requirements\n+00003d80: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e0a for the Debian.\n+00003d90: 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2e20 2054 distribution. T\n+00003da0: 6869 7320 696e 636c 7564 6573 2074 6865 his includes the\n+00003db0: 2073 7472 7563 7475 7265 2061 6e64 2063 structure and c\n+00003dc0: 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2044 ontents of the D\n+00003dd0: 6562 6961 6e0a 6172 6368 6976 6520 616e ebian.archive an\n+00003de0: 6420 7365 7665 7261 6c20 6465 7369 676e d several design\n+00003df0: 2069 7373 7565 7320 6f66 2074 6865 206f issues of the o\n+00003e00: 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d2c perating system,\n+00003e10: 2061 7320 7765 6c6c 2061 730a 7465 6368 as well as.tech\n+00003e20: 6e69 6361 6c20 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e nical requiremen\n+00003e30: 7473 2074 6861 7420 6561 6368 2070 6163 ts that each pac\n+00003e40: 6b61 6765 206d 7573 7420 7361 7469 7366 kage must satisf\n+00003e50: 7920 746f 2062 6520 696e 636c 7564 6564 y to be included\n+00003e60: 2069 6e0a 7468 6520 6469 7374 7269 6275 in.the distribu\n+00003e70: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 tion...This manu\n+00003e80: 616c 2061 6c73 6f20 6465 7363 7269 6265 al also describe\n+00003e90: 7320 4465 6269 616e 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 s Debian policy \n+00003ea0: 6173 2069 7420 7265 6c61 7465 7320 746f as it relates to\n+00003eb0: 2063 7265 6174 696e 670a 4465 6269 616e creating.Debian\n+00003ec0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e 2020 4974 2069 packages. It i\n+00003ed0: 7320 6e6f 7420 6120 7475 746f 7269 616c s not a tutorial\n+00003ee0: 206f 6e20 686f 7720 746f 2062 7569 6c64 on how to build\n+00003ef0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c 206e 6f72 2069 packages, nor i\n+00003f00: 730a 6974 2065 7868 6175 7374 6976 6520 s.it exhaustive \n+00003f10: 7768 6572 6520 6974 2063 6f6d 6573 2074 where it comes t\n+00003f20: 6f20 6465 7363 7269 6269 6e67 2074 6865 o describing the\n+00003f30: 2062 6568 6176 696f 7220 6f66 2074 6865 behavior of the\n+00003f40: 2070 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 0a73 7973 7465 packaging.syste\n+00003f50: 6d2e 2020 496e 7374 6561 642c 2074 6869 m. Instead, thi\n+00003f60: 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 2061 7474 656d 7074 s manual attempt\n+00003f70: 7320 746f 2064 6566 696e 6520 7468 6520 s to define the \n+00003f80: 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 746f 2074 6865 interface to the\n+00003f90: 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 206d 616e 6167 656d .package managem\n+00003fa0: 656e 7420 7379 7374 656d 2077 6974 6820 ent system with \n+00003fb0: 7768 6963 6820 7468 6520 6465 7665 6c6f which the develo\n+00003fc0: 7065 7273 206d 7573 7420 6265 2063 6f6e pers must be con\n+00003fd0: 7665 7273 616e 742e 0a28 3129 0a0a 5468 versant..(1)..Th\n+00003fe0: 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c20 6361 6e6e 6f74 is manual cannot\n+00003ff0: 2061 6e64 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 7072 and does not pr\n+00004000: 6f68 6962 6974 2065 7665 7279 2070 6f73 ohibit every pos\n+00004010: 7369 626c 6520 6275 6720 6f72 0a75 6e64 sible bug or.und\n+00004020: 6573 6972 6162 6c65 2062 6568 6176 696f esirable behavio\n+00004030: 7572 2e20 2054 6865 2066 6163 7420 7468 ur. The fact th\n+00004040: 6174 2073 6f6d 6574 6869 6e67 2069 7320 at something is \n+00004050: 6e6f 7420 7072 6f68 6962 6974 6564 2062 not prohibited b\n+00004060: 790a 4465 6269 616e 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 y.Debian policy \n+00004070: 646f 6573 206e 6f74 206d 6561 6e20 7468 does not mean th\n+00004080: 6174 2069 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2061 2062 at it is not a b\n+00004090: 7567 2c20 6c65 7420 616c 6f6e 6520 7468 ug, let alone th\n+000040a0: 6174 2069 7420 6973 0a64 6573 6972 6162 at it is.desirab\n+000040b0: 6c65 2e20 2051 7565 7374 696f 6e73 206e le. Questions n\n+000040c0: 6f74 2063 6f76 6572 6564 2062 7920 706f ot covered by po\n+000040d0: 6c69 6379 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2065 licy should be e\n+000040e0: 7661 6c75 6174 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6569 valuated on thei\n+000040f0: 720a 6d65 7269 7473 2e0a 0a54 6865 2066 r.merits...The f\n+00004100: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 2070 7265 7365 6e74 ootnotes present\n+00004110: 2069 6e20 7468 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c20 in this manual \n+00004120: 6172 6520 6d65 7265 6c79 2069 6e66 6f72 are merely infor\n+00004130: 6d61 7469 7665 2c20 616e 6420 6172 6520 mative, and are \n+00004140: 6e6f 740a 7061 7274 206f 6620 4465 6269 not.part of Debi\n+00004150: 616e 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 6974 7365 6c66 an policy itself\n+00004160: 2e0a 0a54 6865 2061 7070 656e 6469 6365 ...The appendice\n+00004170: 7320 746f 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c s to this manual\n+00004180: 2061 7265 206e 6f74 206e 6563 6573 7361 are not necessa\n+00004190: 7269 6c79 206e 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 2c20 rily normative, \n+000041a0: 6569 7468 6572 2e0a 506c 6561 7365 2073 either..Please s\n+000041b0: 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2049 6e74 726f 6475 ee *note Introdu\n+000041c0: 6374 696f 6e20 616e 6420 7363 6f70 6520 ction and scope \n+000041d0: 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2061 7070 656e 6469 of these appendi\n+000041e0: 6365 733a 2036 2e20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 ces: 6. for more\n+000041f0: 0a69 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a49 .information...I\n+00004200: 6e20 7468 6520 6e6f 726d 6174 6976 6520 n the normative \n+00004210: 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 6973 206d 616e part of this man\n+00004220: 7561 6c2c 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 ual, the followi\n+00004230: 6e67 2074 6572 6d73 2061 7265 2075 7365 ng terms are use\n+00004240: 6420 746f 0a64 6573 6372 6962 6520 7468 d to.describe th\n+00004250: 6520 696d 706f 7274 616e 6365 206f 6620 e importance of \n+00004260: 6561 6368 2073 7461 7465 6d65 6e74 3a20 each statement: \n+00004270: 2832 290a 0a20 2020 2a20 5468 6520 7465 (2).. * The te\n+00004280: 726d 7320 276d 7573 7427 2061 6e64 2027 rms 'must' and '\n+00004290: 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 272c 2061 6e64 2074 must not', and t\n+000042a0: 6865 2061 646a 6563 7469 7665 7320 2772 he adjectives 'r\n+000042b0: 6571 7569 7265 6427 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 equired' and. \n+000042c0: 2020 2770 726f 6869 6269 7465 6427 2c20 'prohibited', \n+000042d0: 6465 6e6f 7465 2073 7472 6f6e 6720 7265 denote strong re\n+000042e0: 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 2e20 2050 6163 quirements. Pac\n+000042f0: 6b61 6765 7320 7468 6174 2064 6f20 6e6f kages that do no\n+00004300: 740a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 666f 726d 2074 t. conform t\n+00004310: 6f20 7468 6573 6520 7265 7175 6972 656d o these requirem\n+00004320: 656e 7473 2077 696c 6c20 6765 6e65 7261 ents will genera\n+00004330: 6c6c 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 2063 6f6e 7369 lly not be consi\n+00004340: 6465 7265 640a 2020 2020 2061 6363 6570 dered. accep\n+00004350: 7461 626c 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 4465 table for the De\n+00004360: 6269 616e 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f bian distributio\n+00004370: 6e2e 2020 5468 6573 6520 7374 6174 656d n. These statem\n+00004380: 656e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 636f 7272 6573 ents. corres\n+00004390: 706f 6e64 2074 6f20 7468 6520 2763 7269 pond to the 'cri\n+000043a0: 7469 6361 6c27 2c20 2767 7261 7665 272c tical', 'grave',\n+000043b0: 2061 6e64 2027 7365 7269 6f75 7327 2062 and 'serious' b\n+000043c0: 7567 2073 6576 6572 6974 6965 730a 2020 ug severities. \n+000043d0: 2020 2028 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2073 6572 (normally ser\n+000043e0: 696f 7573 292e 2020 5468 6579 2061 7265 ious). They are\n+000043f0: 2063 6f6c 6c65 6374 6976 656c 7920 6361 collectively ca\n+00004400: 6c6c 6564 2027 506f 6c69 6379 0a20 2020 lled 'Policy. \n+00004410: 2020 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 272e requirements'.\n+00004420: 0a0a 2020 202a 2054 6865 2074 6572 6d73 .. * The terms\n+00004430: 2027 7368 6f75 6c64 2720 616e 6420 2773 'should' and 's\n+00004440: 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7427 2c20 616e 6420 hould not', and \n+00004450: 7468 6520 6164 6a65 6374 6976 650a 2020 the adjective. \n+00004460: 2020 2027 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 6427 'recommended'\n+00004470: 2c20 6465 6e6f 7465 2062 6573 7420 7072 , denote best pr\n+00004480: 6163 7469 6365 732e 2020 4e6f 6e2d 636f actices. Non-co\n+00004490: 6e66 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 7769 7468 2074 nformance with t\n+000044a0: 6865 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6775 6964 656c hese. guidel\n+000044b0: 696e 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6765 6e65 7261 ines will genera\n+000044c0: 6c6c 7920 6265 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 lly be considere\n+000044d0: 6420 6120 6275 672c 2062 7574 2077 696c d a bug, but wil\n+000044e0: 6c20 6e6f 740a 2020 2020 206e 6563 6573 l not. neces\n+000044f0: 7361 7269 6c79 2072 656e 6465 7220 6120 sarily render a \n+00004500: 7061 636b 6167 6520 756e 7375 6974 6162 package unsuitab\n+00004510: 6c65 2066 6f72 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 le for distribut\n+00004520: 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 6573 650a 2020 2020 ion. These. \n+00004530: 2073 7461 7465 6d65 6e74 7320 636f 7272 statements corr\n+00004540: 6573 706f 6e64 2074 6f20 6275 6720 7365 espond to bug se\n+00004550: 7665 7269 7469 6573 206f 6620 2769 6d70 verities of 'imp\n+00004560: 6f72 7461 6e74 272c 2027 6e6f 726d 616c ortant', 'normal\n+00004570: 272c 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 276d 696e ',. and 'min\n+00004580: 6f72 272e 2020 5468 6579 2061 7265 2063 or'. They are c\n+00004590: 6f6c 6c65 6374 6976 656c 7920 6361 6c6c ollectively call\n+000045a0: 6564 2027 506f 6c69 6379 0a20 2020 2020 ed 'Policy. \n+000045b0: 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6461 7469 6f6e 7327 recommendations'\n+000045c0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2a20 5468 6520 6164 6a65 ... * The adje\n+000045d0: 6374 6976 6573 2027 656e 636f 7572 6167 ctives 'encourag\n+000045e0: 6564 2720 616e 6420 2764 6973 636f 7572 ed' and 'discour\n+000045f0: 6167 6564 2720 6465 6e6f 7465 2070 6c61 aged' denote pla\n+00004600: 6365 7320 7768 6572 650a 2020 2020 2050 ces where. P\n+00004610: 6f6c 6963 7920 6f66 6665 7273 2061 6476 olicy offers adv\n+00004620: 6963 6520 746f 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 ice to maintaine\n+00004630: 7273 2c20 6275 7420 6d61 696e 7461 696e rs, but maintain\n+00004640: 6572 7320 6172 6520 6672 6565 2074 6f0a ers are free to.\n+00004650: 2020 2020 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7720 6f72 206e follow or n\n+00004660: 6f74 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7720 7468 6174 2061 ot follow that a\n+00004670: 6476 6963 652e 2020 4e6f 6e2d 636f 6e66 dvice. Non-conf\n+00004680: 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 7769 7468 2074 6869 ormance with thi\n+00004690: 7320 6164 7669 6365 0a20 2020 2020 6973 s advice. is\n+000046a0: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6e6f 7420 636f normally not co\n+000046b0: 6e73 6964 6572 6564 2061 2062 7567 3b20 nsidered a bug; \n+000046c0: 6966 2061 2062 7567 2073 6565 6d73 2077 if a bug seems w\n+000046d0: 6f72 7468 7768 696c 652c 0a20 2020 2020 orthwhile,. \n+000046e0: 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2069 7420 776f 756c normally it woul\n+000046f0: 6420 6861 7665 2061 2073 6576 6572 6974 d have a severit\n+00004700: 7920 6f66 2027 7769 7368 6c69 7374 272e y of 'wishlist'.\n+00004710: 2020 5468 6573 6520 7374 6174 656d 656e These statemen\n+00004720: 7473 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6520 636f 6c6c ts. are coll\n+00004730: 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2063 616c 6c65 6420 ectively called \n+00004740: 2750 6f6c 6963 7920 6164 7669 6365 272e 'Policy advice'.\n+00004750: 0a0a 2020 202a 2054 6865 2074 6572 6d20 .. * The term \n+00004760: 276d 6179 2720 616e 6420 7468 6520 6164 'may' and the ad\n+00004770: 6a65 6374 6976 6520 276f 7074 696f 6e61 jective 'optiona\n+00004780: 6c27 2061 7265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2063 l' are used to c\n+00004790: 6c61 7269 6679 0a20 2020 2020 6361 7365 larify. case\n+000047a0: 7320 7768 6572 6520 6974 206d 6179 206f s where it may o\n+000047b0: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2061 7070 6561 7220 therwise appear \n+000047c0: 7468 6174 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 6973 2073 that Policy is s\n+000047d0: 7065 6369 6679 696e 6720 610a 2020 2020 pecifying a. \n+000047e0: 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 206f 7220 requirement or \n+000047f0: 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6461 7469 6f6e 2e20 recommendation. \n+00004800: 2049 6e20 7468 6f73 6520 6361 7365 732c In those cases,\n+00004810: 2074 6865 7365 2077 6f72 6473 0a20 2020 these words. \n+00004820: 2020 6465 7363 7269 6265 2064 6563 6973 describe decis\n+00004830: 696f 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 7472 ions that are tr\n+00004840: 756c 7920 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 2061 6e64 uly optional and\n+00004850: 2061 7420 7468 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e at the maintain\n+00004860: 6572 e280 9973 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7363 er...s. disc\n+00004870: 7265 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a54 6865 2052 656c retion...The Rel\n+00004880: 6561 7365 2054 6561 6d20 6361 6e2c 2061 ease Team can, a\n+00004890: 7420 7468 6569 7220 6469 7363 7265 7469 t their discreti\n+000048a0: 6f6e 2c20 646f 776e 6772 6164 6520 6120 on, downgrade a \n+000048b0: 506f 6c69 6379 0a72 6571 7569 7265 6d65 Policy.requireme\n+000048c0: 6e74 2074 6f20 6120 506f 6c69 6379 2072 nt to a Policy r\n+000048d0: 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6174 696f 6e20 666f ecommendation fo\n+000048e0: 7220 6120 6769 7665 6e20 7265 6c65 6173 r a given releas\n+000048f0: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e0a e of the Debian.\n+00004900: 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2e20 2054 distribution. T\n+00004910: 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 his may be done \n+00004920: 666f 7220 6f6e 6c79 2061 2073 7065 6369 for only a speci\n+00004930: 6669 6320 7061 636b 6167 6520 6f72 2066 fic package or f\n+00004940: 6f72 2074 6865 0a61 7263 6869 7665 2061 or the.archive a\n+00004950: 7320 6120 7768 6f6c 652e 2020 5468 6973 s a whole. This\n+00004960: 2070 726f 7669 7369 6f6e 2069 7320 696e provision is in\n+00004970: 7465 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 tended to provid\n+00004980: 6520 666c 6578 6962 696c 6974 790a 746f e flexibility.to\n+00004990: 2062 616c 616e 6365 2074 6865 2071 7561 balance the qua\n+000049a0: 6c69 7479 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6473 206f lity standards o\n+000049b0: 6620 7468 6520 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 f the distributi\n+000049c0: 6f6e 2061 6761 696e 7374 2074 6865 2072 on against the r\n+000049d0: 656c 6561 7365 0a73 6368 6564 756c 6520 elease.schedule \n+000049e0: 616e 6420 7468 6520 696d 706f 7274 616e and the importan\n+000049f0: 6365 206f 6620 6d61 6b69 6e67 2061 2073 ce of making a s\n+00004a00: 7461 626c 6520 7265 6c65 6173 652e 0a0a table release...\n+00004a10: 4d75 6368 206f 6620 7468 6520 696e 666f Much of the info\n+00004a20: 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6573 656e 7465 rmation presente\n+00004a30: 6420 696e 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c d in this manual\n+00004a40: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 will be useful \n+00004a50: 6576 656e 0a77 6865 6e20 6275 696c 6469 even.when buildi\n+00004a60: 6e67 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6869 ng a package whi\n+00004a70: 6368 2069 7320 746f 2062 6520 6469 7374 ch is to be dist\n+00004a80: 7269 6275 7465 6420 696e 2073 6f6d 6520 ributed in some \n+00004a90: 6f74 6865 7220 7761 7920 6f72 0a69 7320 other way or.is \n+00004aa0: 696e 7465 6e64 6564 2066 6f72 206c 6f63 intended for loc\n+00004ab0: 616c 2075 7365 206f 6e6c 792e 0a0a 7564 al use only...ud\n+00004ac0: 6562 7320 2873 7472 6970 7065 642d 646f ebs (stripped-do\n+00004ad0: 776e 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 wn binary packag\n+00004ae0: 6573 2075 7365 6420 6279 2074 6865 2044 es used by the D\n+00004af0: 6562 6961 6e20 496e 7374 616c 6c65 7229 ebian Installer)\n+00004b00: 2061 6e64 0a73 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b and.source pack\n+00004b10: 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 7072 6f64 7563 ages that produc\n+00004b20: 6520 6f6e 6c79 2075 6465 6273 2064 6f20 e only udebs do \n+00004b30: 6e6f 7420 636f 6d70 6c79 2077 6974 6820 not comply with \n+00004b40: 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 0a72 6571 7569 all of the.requi\n+00004b50: 7265 6d65 6e74 7320 6469 7363 7573 7365 rements discusse\n+00004b60: 6420 6865 7265 2e20 2053 6565 2074 6865 d here. See the\n+00004b70: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 496e 7374 616c 6c65 Debian Installe\n+00004b80: 7220 696e 7465 726e 616c 730a 6d61 6e75 r internals.manu\n+00004b90: 616c 2833 2920 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 al(3) for more i\n+00004ba0: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 nformation about\n+00004bb0: 2074 6865 6d2e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d them... -----\n+00004bc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n+00004bd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n+00004be0: 3129 2049 6e66 6f72 6d61 6c6c 792c 2074 1) Informally, t\n+00004bf0: 6865 2063 7269 7465 7269 6120 7573 6564 he criteria used\n+00004c00: 2066 6f72 2069 6e63 6c75 7369 6f6e 2069 for inclusion i\n+00004c10: 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 206d 6174 6572 s that the mater\n+00004c20: 6961 6c0a 6d65 6574 206f 6e65 206f 6620 ial.meet one of \n+00004c30: 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7265 the following re\n+00004c40: 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 3a0a 0a53 7461 quirements:..Sta\n+00004c50: 6e64 6172 6420 696e 7465 7266 6163 6573 ndard interfaces\n+00004c60: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 206d 6174 6572 .. The mater\n+00004c70: 6961 6c20 7072 6573 656e 7465 6420 7265 ial presented re\n+00004c80: 7072 6573 656e 7473 2061 6e20 696e 7465 presents an inte\n+00004c90: 7266 6163 6520 746f 2074 6865 2070 6163 rface to the pac\n+00004ca0: 6b61 6769 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 7379 7374 kaging. syst\n+00004cb0: 656d 2074 6861 7420 6973 206d 616e 6461 em that is manda\n+00004cc0: 7465 6420 666f 7220 7573 652c 2061 6e64 ted for use, and\n+00004cd0: 2069 7320 7573 6564 2062 792c 2061 2073 is used by, a s\n+00004ce0: 6967 6e69 6669 6361 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 ignificant. \n+00004cf0: 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7061 636b 6167 number of packag\n+00004d00: 6573 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6572 6566 6f72 es, and therefor\n+00004d10: 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2062 6520 e should not be \n+00004d20: 6368 616e 6765 6420 7769 7468 6f75 740a changed without.\n+00004d30: 2020 2020 2070 6565 7220 7265 7669 6577 peer review\n+00004d40: 2e20 2050 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 6e74 . Package maint\n+00004d50: 6169 6e65 7273 2063 616e 2074 6865 6e20 ainers can then \n+00004d60: 7265 6c79 206f 6e20 7468 6973 2069 6e74 rely on this int\n+00004d70: 6572 6661 6365 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 7420 erface. not \n+00004d80: 6368 616e 6769 6e67 2c20 616e 6420 7468 changing, and th\n+00004d90: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 6e61 6765 e package manage\n+00004da0: 6d65 6e74 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 6175 ment software au\n+00004db0: 7468 6f72 7320 6e65 6564 2074 6f0a 2020 thors need to. \n+00004dc0: 2020 2065 6e73 7572 6520 636f 6d70 6174 ensure compat\n+00004dd0: 6962 696c 6974 7920 7769 7468 2074 6869 ibility with thi\n+00004de0: 7320 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 6465 6669 s interface defi\n+00004df0: 6e69 7469 6f6e 2e20 2028 436f 6e74 726f nition. (Contro\n+00004e00: 6c20 6669 6c65 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 l file. and \n+00004e10: 6368 616e 6765 6c6f 6720 6669 6c65 2066 changelog file f\n+00004e20: 6f72 6d61 7473 2061 7265 2065 7861 6d70 ormats are examp\n+00004e30: 6c65 732e 290a 0a43 686f 7365 6e20 436f les.)..Chosen Co\n+00004e40: 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 nvention.. I\n+00004e50: 6620 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 6120 6e75 f there are a nu\n+00004e60: 6d62 6572 206f 6620 7465 6368 6e69 6361 mber of technica\n+00004e70: 6c6c 7920 7669 6162 6c65 2063 686f 6963 lly viable choic\n+00004e80: 6573 2074 6861 7420 6361 6e20 6265 0a20 es that can be. \n+00004e90: 2020 2020 6d61 6465 2c20 6275 7420 6f6e made, but on\n+00004ea0: 6520 6e65 6564 7320 746f 2073 656c 6563 e needs to selec\n+00004eb0: 7420 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 7365 206f t one of these o\n+00004ec0: 7074 696f 6e73 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 ptions for. \n+00004ed0: 696e 7465 722d 6f70 6572 6162 696c 6974 inter-operabilit\n+00004ee0: 792e 2020 5468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 y. The version \n+00004ef0: 6e75 6d62 6572 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6973 number format is\n+00004f00: 206f 6e65 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2e0a 0a50 one example...P\n+00004f10: 6c65 6173 6520 6e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 lease note that \n+00004f20: 7468 6573 6520 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 6d75 these are not mu\n+00004f30: 7475 616c 6c79 2065 7863 6c75 7369 7665 tually exclusive\n+00004f40: 3b20 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2063 6f6e 7665 ; selected conve\n+00004f50: 6e74 696f 6e73 0a6f 6674 656e 2062 6563 ntions.often bec\n+00004f60: 6f6d 6520 7061 7274 7320 6f66 2073 7461 ome parts of sta\n+00004f70: 6e64 6172 6420 696e 7465 7266 6163 6573 ndard interfaces\n+00004f80: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 436f 6d70 6172 ... (2) Compar\n+00004f90: 6520 5246 4320 3231 3139 2e20 204e 6f74 e RFC 2119. Not\n+00004fa0: 652c 2068 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6174 e, however, that\n+00004fb0: 2074 6865 7365 2077 6f72 6473 2061 7265 these words are\n+00004fc0: 2075 7365 6420 696e 2061 0a64 6966 6665 used in a.diffe\n+00004fd0: 7265 6e74 2077 6179 2069 6e20 7468 6973 rent way in this\n+00004fe0: 2064 6f63 756d 656e 742e 0a0a 2020 2028 document... (\n+00004ff0: 3329 2068 7474 7073 3a2f 2f64 2d69 2e64 3) https://d-i.d\n+00005000: 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 646f 632f 696e ebian.org/doc/in\n+00005010: 7465 726e 616c 732f 6368 3033 2e68 746d ternals/ch03.htm\n+00005020: 6c0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 l....File: debia\n+00005030: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 n-policy.info, \n+00005040: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4e65 7720 7665 7273 696f Node: New versio\n+00005050: 6e73 206f 6620 7468 6973 2064 6f63 756d ns of this docum\n+00005060: 656e 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4175 7468 ent, Next: Auth\n+00005070: 6f72 7320 616e 6420 4d61 696e 7461 696e ors and Maintain\n+00005080: 6572 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5363 6f70 ers, Prev: Scop\n+00005090: 652c 2020 5570 3a20 4162 6f75 7420 7468 e, Up: About th\n+000050a0: 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c0a 0a31 2e32 204e is manual..1.2 N\n+000050b0: 6577 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 ew versions of t\n+000050c0: 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 0a3d 3d3d his document.===\n+000050d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000050e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n+000050f0: 5468 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c20 6973 2064 This manual is d\n+00005100: 6973 7472 6962 7574 6564 2076 6961 2074 istributed via t\n+00005110: 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b 6167 he Debian packag\n+00005120: 6520 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 7928 e debian-policy(\n+00005130: 3129 2e0a 0a54 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 1)...The current\n+00005140: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6973 version of this\n+00005150: 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 6973 2061 6c73 document is als\n+00005160: 6f20 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6672 6f6d o available from\n+00005170: 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e0a 7765 6220 the Debian.web \n+00005180: 6d69 7272 6f72 7320 6174 20e2 8098 6874 mirrors at ...ht\n+00005190: 7470 733a 2f2f 7777 772e 6465 6269 616e tps://www.debian\n+000051a0: 2e6f 7267 2f64 6f63 2f64 6562 6961 6e2d .org/doc/debian-\n+000051b0: 706f 6c69 6379 2fe2 8099 2e20 2041 6c73 policy/.... Als\n+000051c0: 6f0a 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6672 6f6d o.available from\n+000051d0: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6469 7265 6374 the same direct\n+000051e0: 6f72 7920 6172 6520 7365 7665 7261 6c20 ory are several \n+000051f0: 6f74 6865 7220 666f 726d 6174 733a 0a70 other formats:.p\n+00005200: 6f6c 6963 792e 6570 7562 2832 292c 2070 olicy.epub(2), p\n+00005210: 6f6c 6963 792e 7478 7428 3329 2061 6e64 olicy.txt(3) and\n+00005220: 2070 6f6c 6963 792e 7064 6628 3429 2e20 policy.pdf(4). \n+00005230: 2049 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 2062 6f74 Included in bot\n+00005240: 6820 7468 650a 7361 6d65 2064 6972 6563 h the.same direc\n+00005250: 746f 7279 2061 6e64 2069 6e20 7468 6520 tory and in the \n+00005260: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 7920 7061 debian-policy pa\n+00005270: 636b 6167 6520 6973 2061 2073 7461 6e64 ckage is a stand\n+00005280: 616c 6f6e 6520 636f 7079 206f 660a 2a6e alone copy of.*n\n+00005290: 6f74 6520 5570 6772 6164 696e 6720 6368 ote Upgrading ch\n+000052a0: 6563 6b6c 6973 743a 2039 2c20 7768 6963 ecklist: 9, whic\n+000052b0: 6820 696e 6469 6361 7465 7320 706f 6c69 h indicates poli\n+000052c0: 6379 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2062 6574 7765 cy changes betwe\n+000052d0: 656e 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 en.versions of t\n+000052e0: 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2e0a 0a20 his document... \n+000052f0: 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f ---------- Foo\n+00005300: 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tnotes ---------\n+00005310: 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 6874 7470 733a -.. (1) https:\n+00005320: 2f2f 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e64 6562 6961 //packages.debia\n+00005330: 6e2e 6f72 672f 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c n.org/debian-pol\n+00005340: 6963 790a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 6874 7470 icy.. (2) http\n+00005350: 733a 2f2f 7777 772e 6465 6269 616e 2e6f s://www.debian.o\n+00005360: 7267 2f64 6f63 2f64 6562 6961 6e2d 706f rg/doc/debian-po\n+00005370: 6c69 6379 2f70 6f6c 6963 792e 6570 7562 licy/policy.epub\n+00005380: 0a0a 2020 2028 3329 2068 7474 7073 3a2f .. (3) https:/\n+00005390: 2f77 7777 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f /www.debian.org/\n+000053a0: 646f 632f 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 doc/debian-polic\n+000053b0: 792f 706f 6c69 6379 2e74 7874 0a0a 2020 y/policy.txt.. \n+000053c0: 2028 3429 2068 7474 7073 3a2f 2f77 7777 (4) https://www\n+000053d0: 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 646f 632f .debian.org/doc/\n+000053e0: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792f 706f debian-policy/po\n+000053f0: 6c69 6379 2e70 6466 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 licy.pdf....File\n+00005400: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n+00005410: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2041 7574 info, Node: Aut\n+00005420: 686f 7273 2061 6e64 204d 6169 6e74 6169 hors and Maintai\n+00005430: 6e65 7273 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2052 656c ners, Next: Rel\n+00005440: 6174 6564 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7473 2c20 ated documents, \n+00005450: 2050 7265 763a 204e 6577 2076 6572 7369 Prev: New versi\n+00005460: 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6869 7320 646f 6375 ons of this docu\n+00005470: 6d65 6e74 2c20 2055 703a 2041 626f 7574 ment, Up: About\n+00005480: 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 0a0a 312e this manual..1.\n+00005490: 3320 4175 7468 6f72 7320 616e 6420 4d61 3 Authors and Ma\n+000054a0: 696e 7461 696e 6572 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d intainers.======\n+000054b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000054c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a =====..* Menu:..\n+000054d0: 2a20 4561 726c 7920 6869 7374 6f72 793a * Early history:\n+000054e0: 3a0a 2a20 4375 7272 656e 7420 7072 6f63 :.* Current proc\n+000054f0: 6573 733a 3a0a 2a20 496d 7072 6f76 656d ess::.* Improvem\n+00005500: 656e 7473 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ents::....File: \n+00005510: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+00005520: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2045 6172 6c79 fo, Node: Early\n+00005530: 2068 6973 746f 7279 2c20 204e 6578 743a history, Next:\n+00005540: 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2070 726f 6365 7373 Current process\n+00005550: 2c20 2055 703a 2041 7574 686f 7273 2061 , Up: Authors a\n+00005560: 6e64 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 0a0a nd Maintainers..\n+00005570: 312e 332e 3120 4561 726c 7920 6869 7374 1.3.1 Early hist\n+00005580: 6f72 790a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ory.------------\n+00005590: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a4f 7269 6769 6e61 -------..Origina\n+000055a0: 6c6c 7920 6361 6c6c 6564 20e2 809c 4465 lly called ...De\n+000055b0: 6269 616e 2047 4e55 2f4c 696e 7578 2050 bian GNU/Linux P\n+000055c0: 6f6c 6963 7920 4d61 6e75 616c e280 9d2c olicy Manual...,\n+000055d0: 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c 2077 6173 this manual was\n+000055e0: 0a69 6e69 7469 616c 6c79 2077 7269 7474 .initially writt\n+000055f0: 656e 2069 6e20 3139 3936 2062 7920 4961 en in 1996 by Ia\n+00005600: 6e20 4a61 636b 736f 6e2e 2020 4974 2077 n Jackson. It w\n+00005610: 6173 2072 6576 6973 6564 206f 6e20 4e6f as revised on No\n+00005620: 7665 6d62 6572 0a32 3774 682c 2031 3939 vember.27th, 199\n+00005630: 3620 6279 2044 6176 6964 2041 2e20 4d6f 6 by David A. Mo\n+00005640: 7272 6973 2e20 2043 6872 6973 7469 616e rris. Christian\n+00005650: 2053 6368 7761 727a 2061 6464 6564 206e Schwarz added n\n+00005660: 6577 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 7320 6f6e 0a4d ew sections on.M\n+00005670: 6172 6368 2031 3574 682c 2031 3939 372c arch 15th, 1997,\n+00005680: 2061 6e64 2072 6577 6f72 6b65 642f 7265 and reworked/re\n+00005690: 7374 7275 6374 7572 6564 2069 7420 696e structured it in\n+000056a0: 2041 7072 696c 2d4a 756c 7920 3139 3937 April-July 1997\n+000056b0: 2e0a 4368 7269 7374 6f70 6820 4c61 6d65 ..Christoph Lame\n+000056c0: 7465 7220 636f 6e74 7269 6275 7465 6420 ter contributed \n+000056d0: 7468 6520 e280 9c57 6562 2053 7461 6e64 the ...Web Stand\n+000056e0: 6172 64e2 809d 2e20 204a 756c 6961 6e20 ard.... Julian \n+000056f0: 4769 6c62 6579 206c 6172 6765 6c79 0a72 Gilbey largely.r\n+00005700: 6573 7472 7563 7475 7265 6420 6974 2069 estructured it i\n+00005710: 6e20 3230 3031 2e20 2053 696e 6365 2053 n 2001. Since S\n+00005720: 6570 7465 6d62 6572 2031 3939 382c 2063 eptember 1998, c\n+00005730: 6861 6e67 6573 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f hanges to the co\n+00005740: 6e74 656e 7473 0a6f 6620 7468 6973 2064 ntents.of this d\n+00005750: 6f63 756d 656e 7420 6861 7665 2062 6565 ocument have bee\n+00005760: 6e20 636f 2d6f 7264 696e 6174 6564 2062 n co-ordinated b\n+00005770: 7920 6d65 616e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2064 y means of the d\n+00005780: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 0a6d 6169 ebian-policy.mai\n+00005790: 6c69 6e67 206c 6973 7420 3c64 6562 6961 ling list ....Fi\n+000057c0: 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 le: debian-polic\n+000057d0: 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 y.info, Node: C\n+000057e0: 7572 7265 6e74 2070 726f 6365 7373 2c20 urrent process, \n+000057f0: 204e 6578 743a 2049 6d70 726f 7665 6d65 Next: Improveme\n+00005800: 6e74 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4561 726c nts, Prev: Earl\n+00005810: 7920 6869 7374 6f72 792c 2020 5570 3a20 y history, Up: \n+00005820: 4175 7468 6f72 7320 616e 6420 4d61 696e Authors and Main\n+00005830: 7461 696e 6572 730a 0a31 2e33 2e32 2043 tainers..1.3.2 C\n+00005840: 7572 7265 6e74 2070 726f 6365 7373 0a2d urrent process.-\n+00005850: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00005860: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 506f 6c69 6379 ----..The Policy\n+00005870: 2045 6469 746f 7273 2061 7265 2044 504c Editors are DPL\n+00005880: 2064 656c 6567 6174 6573 2077 6974 6820 delegates with \n+00005890: 7265 7370 6f6e 7369 6269 6c69 7479 2066 responsibility f\n+000058a0: 6f72 2074 6865 0a63 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 or the.contents \n+000058b0: 6f66 2074 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 of this document\n+000058c0: 2028 7365 6520 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e (see the Debian\n+000058d0: 2043 6f6e 7374 6974 7574 696f 6e20 666f Constitution fo\n+000058e0: 7220 7468 6520 6d65 616e 696e 670a 6f66 r the meaning.of\n+000058f0: 20e2 809c 4450 4c20 6465 6c65 6761 7465 ...DPL delegate\n+00005900: e280 9d29 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 ...). However, \n+00005910: 7468 6520 506f 6c69 6379 2045 6469 746f the Policy Edito\n+00005920: 7273 2066 7572 7468 6572 2064 656c 6567 rs further deleg\n+00005930: 6174 6520 7468 6569 720a 6564 6974 6f72 ate their.editor\n+00005940: 6961 6c20 706f 7765 7220 746f 2061 2070 ial power to a p\n+00005950: 726f 6365 7373 206f 6620 6573 7461 626c rocess of establ\n+00005960: 6973 6869 6e67 2070 726f 6a65 6374 206d ishing project m\n+00005970: 656d 6265 7220 636f 6e73 656e 7375 7320 ember consensus \n+00005980: 6f6e 0a74 6865 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f on.the debian-po\n+00005990: 6c69 6379 206d 6169 6c69 6e67 206c 6973 licy mailing lis\n+000059a0: 742c 2061 7320 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 t, as described \n+000059b0: 696e 202a 6e6f 7465 2044 6562 6961 6e20 in *note Debian \n+000059c0: 506f 6c69 6379 0a63 6861 6e67 6573 2070 Policy.changes p\n+000059d0: 726f 6365 7373 3a20 652e 2020 5468 6520 rocess: e. The \n+000059e0: 6375 7272 656e 7420 506f 6c69 6379 2045 current Policy E\n+000059f0: 6469 746f 7273 2061 7265 3a0a 0a20 2031 ditors are:.. 1\n+00005a00: 2e20 5275 7373 2041 6c6c 6265 7279 0a0a . Russ Allbery..\n+00005a10: 2020 322e 2053 6561 6e20 5768 6974 746f 2. Sean Whitto\n+00005a20: 6e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 n....File: debia\n+00005a30: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 n-policy.info, \n+00005a40: 4e6f 6465 3a20 496d 7072 6f76 656d 656e Node: Improvemen\n+00005a50: 7473 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2043 7572 7265 ts, Prev: Curre\n+00005a60: 6e74 2070 726f 6365 7373 2c20 2055 703a nt process, Up:\n+00005a70: 2041 7574 686f 7273 2061 6e64 204d 6169 Authors and Mai\n+00005a80: 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 0a0a 312e 332e 3320 ntainers..1.3.3 \n+00005a90: 496d 7072 6f76 656d 656e 7473 0a2d 2d2d Improvements.---\n+00005aa0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00005ab0: 0a57 6869 6c65 2074 6865 2061 7574 686f .While the autho\n+00005ac0: 7273 206f 6620 7468 6973 2064 6f63 756d rs of this docum\n+00005ad0: 656e 7420 6861 7665 2074 7269 6564 2068 ent have tried h\n+00005ae0: 6172 6420 746f 2061 766f 6964 2074 7970 ard to avoid typ\n+00005af0: 6f73 2061 6e64 0a6f 7468 6572 2065 7272 os and.other err\n+00005b00: 6f72 732c 2074 6865 7365 2064 6f20 7374 ors, these do st\n+00005b10: 696c 6c20 6f63 6375 722e 2020 4966 2079 ill occur. If y\n+00005b20: 6f75 2064 6973 636f 7665 7220 616e 2065 ou discover an e\n+00005b30: 7272 6f72 2069 6e20 7468 6973 0a6d 616e rror in this.man\n+00005b40: 7561 6c20 6f72 2069 6620 796f 7520 7761 ual or if you wa\n+00005b50: 6e74 2074 6f20 6769 7665 2061 6e79 2063 nt to give any c\n+00005b60: 6f6d 6d65 6e74 732c 2073 7567 6765 7374 omments, suggest\n+00005b70: 696f 6e73 2c20 6f72 2063 7269 7469 6369 ions, or critici\n+00005b80: 736d 730a 706c 6561 7365 2073 656e 6420 sms.please send \n+00005b90: 616e 2065 6d61 696c 2074 6f20 7468 6520 an email to the \n+00005ba0: 4465 6269 616e 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 4d61 Debian Policy Ma\n+00005bb0: 696c 696e 6720 4c69 7374 2c0a 3c64 6562 iling List,., or\n+00005be0: 2073 7562 6d69 7420 6120 6275 6720 7265 submit a bug re\n+00005bf0: 706f 7274 2061 6761 696e 7374 2074 6865 port against the\n+00005c00: 0ae2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 ....debian-polic\n+00005c10: 79e2 8099 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a 0a50 y... package...P\n+00005c20: 6c65 6173 6520 646f 206e 6f74 2074 7279 lease do not try\n+00005c30: 2074 6f20 7265 6163 6820 7468 6520 696e to reach the in\n+00005c40: 6469 7669 6475 616c 2061 7574 686f 7273 dividual authors\n+00005c50: 206f 7220 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 or maintainers \n+00005c60: 6f66 2074 6865 0a50 6f6c 6963 7920 4d61 of the.Policy Ma\n+00005c70: 6e75 616c 2072 6567 6172 6469 6e67 2063 nual regarding c\n+00005c80: 6861 6e67 6573 2074 6f20 7468 6520 506f hanges to the Po\n+00005c90: 6c69 6379 2e0a 0a4e 6577 2074 6563 686e licy...New techn\n+00005ca0: 6971 7565 7320 616e 6420 6675 6e63 7469 iques and functi\n+00005cb0: 6f6e 616c 6974 7920 6172 6520 6765 6e65 onality are gene\n+00005cc0: 7261 6c6c 7920 696d 706c 656d 656e 7465 rally implemente\n+00005cd0: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e0a d in the Debian.\n+00005ce0: 6172 6368 6976 6520 286c 6f6e 6729 2062 archive (long) b\n+00005cf0: 6566 6f72 6520 7468 6579 2061 7265 2064 efore they are d\n+00005d00: 6574 6169 6c65 6420 696e 2074 6869 7320 etailed in this \n+00005d10: 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2e20 2054 6869 7320 document. This \n+00005d20: 6973 206e 6f74 0a63 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 is not.considere\n+00005d30: 6420 746f 2062 6520 6120 7072 6f62 6c65 d to be a proble\n+00005d40: 6d3a 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 6120 636f m: there is a co\n+00005d50: 6e73 656e 7375 7320 696e 2074 6865 2044 nsensus in the D\n+00005d60: 6562 6961 6e20 5072 6f6a 6563 740a 7468 ebian Project.th\n+00005d70: 6174 2074 6865 2074 6173 6b20 6f66 206b at the task of k\n+00005d80: 6565 7069 6e67 2074 6869 7320 646f 6375 eeping this docu\n+00005d90: 6d65 6e74 2075 702d 746f 2d64 6174 6520 ment up-to-date \n+00005da0: 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6576 6572 2062 6c6f should never blo\n+00005db0: 636b 0a6d 616b 696e 6720 696d 7072 6f76 ck.making improv\n+00005dc0: 656d 656e 7473 2074 6f20 4465 6269 616e ements to Debian\n+00005dd0: 2e20 204e 6576 6572 7468 656c 6573 732c . 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The \n+000064a0: 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 656e 636f 6469 character encodi\n+000064b0: 6e67 2073 7065 6369 6669 6564 2062 7920 ng specified by \n+000064c0: 414e 5349 2058 332e 342d 3139 3836 2061 ANSI X3.4-1986 a\n+000064d0: 6e64 2069 7473 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6564 nd its. pred\n+000064e0: 6563 6573 736f 7220 7374 616e 6461 7264 ecessor standard\n+000064f0: 732c 2072 6566 6572 7265 6420 746f 2069 s, referred to i\n+00006500: 6e20 4d49 4d45 2061 7320 5553 2d41 5343 n MIME as US-ASC\n+00006510: 4949 2c20 616e 640a 2020 2020 2063 6f72 II, and. cor\n+00006520: 7265 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 2074 6f20 616e responding to an\n+00006530: 2065 6e63 6f64 696e 6720 696e 2065 6967 encoding in eig\n+00006540: 6874 2062 6974 7320 7065 7220 6368 6172 ht bits per char\n+00006550: 6163 7465 7220 6f66 2074 6865 0a20 2020 acter of the. \n+00006560: 2020 6669 7273 7420 3132 3820 556e 6963 first 128 Unic\n+00006570: 6f64 6528 3129 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 ode(1) character\n+00006580: 732c 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6569 6768 s, with the eigh\n+00006590: 7468 2062 6974 2061 6c77 6179 7320 7a65 th bit always ze\n+000065a0: 726f 2e0a 0a75 7073 7472 6561 6d0a 0a20 ro...upstream.. \n+000065b0: 2020 2020 5468 6520 736f 7572 6365 206f The source o\n+000065c0: 6620 736f 6674 7761 7265 2074 6861 7420 f software that \n+000065d0: 6973 2062 6569 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 is being package\n+000065e0: 642c 206f 7220 7468 6520 706f 7274 696f d, or the portio\n+000065f0: 6e20 6f66 2061 0a20 2020 2020 736f 6674 n of a. soft\n+00006600: 7761 7265 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6861 ware package tha\n+00006610: 7420 6f72 6967 696e 6174 6573 2066 726f t originates fro\n+00006620: 6d20 6f75 7473 6964 6520 6f66 2044 6562 m outside of Deb\n+00006630: 6961 6e2e 2020 466f 720a 2020 2020 2065 ian. 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'\n+00006710: 7570 7374 7265 616d 2729 206f 6620 7468 upstream') of th\n+00006720: 6520 7061 636b 6167 652c 2041 6c69 6365 e package, Alice\n+00006730: e280 9973 2072 656c 6561 7365 7320 6172 ...s releases ar\n+00006740: 6520 7468 6520 2775 7073 7472 6561 6d0a e the 'upstream.\n+00006750: 2020 2020 2072 656c 6561 7365 7327 2c20 releases', \n+00006760: 616e 6420 7468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 and the version \n+00006770: 6e75 6d62 6572 2073 6865 2070 7574 7320 number she puts \n+00006780: 6f6e 2061 2072 656c 6561 7365 2069 7320 on a release is \n+00006790: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2027 7570 7374 7265 the. 'upstre\n+000067a0: 616d 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 272e 2020 426f am version'. Bo\n+000067b0: 6220 6d61 7920 6d61 6b65 2044 6562 6961 b may make Debia\n+000067c0: 6e2d 7370 6563 6966 6963 206d 6f64 6966 n-specific modif\n+000067d0: 6963 6174 696f 6e73 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 ications to. \n+000067e0: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 616e the package, an\n+000067f0: 6420 7468 656e 206c 6174 6572 2073 656e d then later sen\n+00006800: 6420 7468 6f73 6520 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 d those modifica\n+00006810: 7469 6f6e 7320 2775 7073 7472 6561 6d27 tions 'upstream'\n+00006820: 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2062 6520 696e 636f to. be inco\n+00006830: 7270 6f72 6174 6564 2069 6e20 416c 6963 rporated in Alic\n+00006840: 65e2 8099 7320 7265 6c65 6173 6573 2e0a e...s releases..\n+00006850: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 7061 636b 6167 . 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For. exam\n+000068a0: 706c 652c 2041 6c69 6365 206d 6179 2063 ple, Alice may c\n+000068b0: 686f 6f73 6520 746f 2070 6163 6b61 6765 hoose to package\n+000068c0: 2068 6572 206f 776e 2073 6f66 7477 6172 her own softwar\n+000068d0: 6520 666f 7220 4465 6269 616e 2e0a 2020 e for Debian.. \n+000068e0: 2020 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6973 However, this\n+000068f0: 206d 616e 7561 6c20 7374 696c 6c20 6469 manual still di\n+00006900: 7374 696e 6775 6973 6865 7320 6265 7477 stinguishes betw\n+00006910: 6565 6e20 7468 6520 726f 6c65 206f 660a een the role of.\n+00006920: 2020 2020 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 616e upstream an\n+00006930: 6420 7468 6520 726f 6c65 206f 6620 4465 d the role of De\n+00006940: 6269 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 722c 2065 bian packager, e\n+00006950: 7665 6e20 7768 656e 2074 6865 2073 616d ven when the sam\n+00006960: 6520 7065 7273 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 6973 e person. is\n+00006970: 2066 696c 6c69 6e67 2062 6f74 6820 6f66 filling both of\n+00006980: 2074 686f 7365 2072 6f6c 6573 2c20 7369 those roles, si\n+00006990: 6e63 6520 7468 6579 2068 6176 6520 736f nce they have so\n+000069a0: 6d65 2069 6d70 6c69 6361 7469 6f6e 730a me implications.\n+000069b0: 2020 2020 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2064 6574 for the det\n+000069c0: 6169 6c73 206f 6620 7061 636b 6167 696e ails of packagin\n+000069d0: 672e 0a0a 5554 462d 380a 0a20 2020 2020 g...UTF-8.. \n+000069e0: 5468 6520 7472 616e 7366 6f72 6d61 7469 The transformati\n+000069f0: 6f6e 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 2873 6f6d 6574 on format (somet\n+00006a00: 696d 6573 2063 616c 6c65 6420 656e 636f imes called enco\n+00006a10: 6469 6e67 2920 6f66 2055 6e69 636f 6465 ding) of Unicode\n+00006a20: 2832 290a 2020 2020 2064 6566 696e 6564 (2). defined\n+00006a30: 2062 7920 5246 4320 3336 3239 2833 292e by RFC 3629(3).\n+00006a40: 2020 5554 462d 3820 6861 7320 7468 6520 UTF-8 has the \n+00006a50: 7573 6566 756c 2070 726f 7065 7274 7920 useful property \n+00006a60: 6f66 2068 6176 696e 670a 2020 2020 2041 of having. A\n+00006a70: 5343 4949 2061 7320 6120 7375 6273 6574 SCII as a subset\n+00006a80: 2c20 736f 2061 6e79 2074 6578 7420 656e , so any text en\n+00006a90: 636f 6465 6420 696e 2041 5343 4949 2069 coded in ASCII i\n+00006aa0: 7320 7472 6976 6961 6c6c 7920 616c 736f s trivially also\n+00006ab0: 0a20 2020 2020 7661 6c69 6420 5554 462d . valid UTF-\n+00006ac0: 382e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 8... ---------\n+00006ad0: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n+00006ae0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2068 ------.. (1) h\n+00006af0: 7474 703a 2f2f 7777 772e 756e 6963 6f64 ttp://www.unicod\n+00006b00: 652e 6f72 672f 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 2068 e.org/.. (2) h\n+00006b10: 7474 703a 2f2f 7777 772e 756e 6963 6f64 ttp://www.unicod\n+00006b20: 652e 6f72 672f 0a0a 2020 2028 3329 2068 e.org/.. (3) h\n+00006b30: 7474 7073 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e72 6663 2d65 ttps://www.rfc-e\n+00006b40: 6469 746f 722e 6f72 672f 7266 632f 7266 ditor.org/rfc/rf\n+00006b50: 6333 3632 392e 7478 740a 0a1f 0a46 696c c3629.txt....Fil\n+00006b60: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n+00006b70: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5472 .info, Node: Tr\n+00006b80: 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 2050 7265 anslations, Pre\n+00006b90: 763a 2044 6566 696e 6974 696f 6e73 2c20 v: Definitions, \n+00006ba0: 2055 703a 2041 626f 7574 2074 6869 7320 Up: About this \n+00006bb0: 6d61 6e75 616c 0a0a 312e 3620 5472 616e manual..1.6 Tran\n+00006bc0: 736c 6174 696f 6e73 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d slations.=======\n+00006bd0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a57 6865 6e20 =========..When \n+00006be0: 7472 616e 736c 6174 696f 6e73 206f 6620 translations of \n+00006bf0: 7468 6973 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 696e this document in\n+00006c00: 746f 206c 616e 6775 6167 6573 206f 7468 to languages oth\n+00006c10: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 456e 676c 6973 680a er than English.\n+00006c20: 6469 7361 6772 6565 2077 6974 6820 7468 disagree with th\n+00006c30: 6520 456e 676c 6973 6820 7465 7874 2c20 e English text, \n+00006c40: 7468 6520 456e 676c 6973 6820 7465 7874 the English text\n+00006c50: 2074 616b 6573 2070 7265 6365 6465 6e63 takes precedenc\n+00006c60: 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 e.....File: debi\n+00006c70: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n+00006c80: 204e 6f64 653a 2054 6865 2044 6562 6961 Node: The Debia\n+00006c90: 6e20 4172 6368 6976 652c 2020 4e65 7874 n Archive, Next\n+00006ca0: 3a20 4269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 : Binary package\n+00006cb0: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4162 6f75 7420 s, Prev: About \n+00006cc0: 7468 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c2c 2020 5570 this manual, Up\n+00006cd0: 3a20 546f 700a 0a32 2054 6865 2044 6562 : Top..2 The Deb\n+00006ce0: 6961 6e20 4172 6368 6976 650a 2a2a 2a2a ian Archive.****\n+00006cf0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+00006d00: 0a0a 5468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2073 7973 ..The Debian sys\n+00006d10: 7465 6d20 6973 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 tem is maintaine\n+00006d20: 6420 616e 6420 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 d and distribute\n+00006d30: 6420 6173 2061 2063 6f6c 6c65 6374 696f d as a collectio\n+00006d40: 6e20 6f66 0a27 7061 636b 6167 6573 272e n of.'packages'.\n+00006d50: 2020 5369 6e63 6520 7468 6572 6520 6172 Since there ar\n+00006d60: 6520 736f 206d 616e 7920 6f66 2074 6865 e so many of the\n+00006d70: 6d20 2863 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2077 656c m (currently wel\n+00006d80: 6c20 6f76 6572 0a31 3530 3030 292c 2074 l over.15000), t\n+00006d90: 6865 7920 6172 6520 7370 6c69 7420 696e hey are split in\n+00006da0: 746f 2027 7365 6374 696f 6e73 2720 616e to 'sections' an\n+00006db0: 6420 6769 7665 6e20 2770 7269 6f72 6974 d given 'priorit\n+00006dc0: 6965 7327 2074 6f0a 7369 6d70 6c69 6679 ies' to.simplify\n+00006dd0: 2074 6865 2068 616e 646c 696e 6720 6f66 the handling of\n+00006de0: 2074 6865 6d2e 0a0a 5468 6520 6566 666f them...The effo\n+00006df0: 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e rt of the Debian\n+00006e00: 2070 726f 6a65 6374 2069 7320 746f 2062 project is to b\n+00006e10: 7569 6c64 2061 2066 7265 6520 6f70 6572 uild a free oper\n+00006e20: 6174 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 2c0a 6275 ating system,.bu\n+00006e30: 7420 6e6f 7420 6576 6572 7920 7061 636b t not every pack\n+00006e40: 6167 6520 7765 2077 616e 7420 746f 206d age we want to m\n+00006e50: 616b 6520 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 2069 ake accessible i\n+00006e60: 7320 2766 7265 6527 2069 6e20 6f75 7220 s 'free' in our \n+00006e70: 7365 6e73 650a 2873 6565 2074 6865 2044 sense.(see the D\n+00006e80: 6562 6961 6e20 4672 6565 2053 6f66 7477 ebian Free Softw\n+00006e90: 6172 6520 4775 6964 656c 696e 6573 2c20 are Guidelines, \n+00006ea0: 6265 6c6f 7729 2c20 6f72 206d 6179 2062 below), or may b\n+00006eb0: 650a 696d 706f 7274 6564 2f65 7870 6f72 e.imported/expor\n+00006ec0: 7465 6420 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7265 7374 ted without rest\n+00006ed0: 7269 6374 696f 6e73 2e20 2054 6875 732c rictions. 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Anyone may u\n+000083f0: 7365 2c20 7368 6172 652c 206d 6f64 6966 se, share, modif\n+00008400: 7920 616e 6420 7265 6469 7374 7269 6275 y and redistribu\n+00008410: 7465 2074 6865 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 7320 te the.packages \n+00008420: 696e 2074 6869 7320 6172 6368 6976 6520 in this archive \n+00008430: 6172 6561 2066 7265 656c 7920 2831 292e area freely (1).\n+00008440: 0a0a 4576 6572 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 ..Every package \n+00008450: 696e 2027 6d61 696e 2720 6d75 7374 2063 in 'main' must c\n+00008460: 6f6d 706c 7920 7769 7468 2074 6865 2044 omply with the D\n+00008470: 4653 4720 2844 6562 6961 6e20 4672 6565 FSG (Debian Free\n+00008480: 2053 6f66 7477 6172 650a 4775 6964 656c Software.Guidel\n+00008490: 696e 6573 292e 2020 2832 290a 0a49 6e20 ines). (2)..In \n+000084a0: 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 2c20 7468 6520 7061 addition, the pa\n+000084b0: 636b 6167 6573 2069 6e20 276d 6169 6e27 ckages in 'main'\n+000084c0: 0a0a 2020 202d 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 .. - must not \n+000084d0: 7265 7175 6972 6520 6f72 2072 6563 6f6d require or recom\n+000084e0: 6d65 6e64 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206f mend a package o\n+000084f0: 7574 7369 6465 206f 6620 276d 6169 6e27 utside of 'main'\n+00008500: 2066 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d70 696c for. compil\n+00008510: 6174 696f 6e20 6f72 2065 7865 6375 7469 ation or executi\n+00008520: 6f6e 2028 7468 7573 2c20 7468 6520 7061 on (thus, the pa\n+00008530: 636b 6167 6520 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2064 ckage must not d\n+00008540: 6563 6c61 7265 2061 0a20 2020 2020 e280 eclare a. ..\n+00008550: 9850 7265 2d44 6570 656e 6473 e280 992c .Pre-Depends...,\n+00008560: 20e2 8098 4465 7065 6e64 73e2 8099 2c20 ...Depends..., \n+00008570: e280 9852 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 73e2 8099 ...Recommends...\n+00008580: 2c20 e280 9842 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e , ...Build-Depen\n+00008590: 6473 e280 992c 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9842 ds...,. ...B\n+000085a0: 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 2d49 6e64 uild-Depends-Ind\n+000085b0: 6570 e280 992c 206f 7220 e280 9842 7569 ep..., or ...Bui\n+000085c0: 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 2d41 7263 68e2 ld-Depends-Arch.\n+000085d0: 8099 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7020 .. relationship \n+000085e0: 6f6e 2061 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 6e2d 276d on a. non-'m\n+000085f0: 6169 6e27 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2075 6e6c ain' package unl\n+00008600: 6573 7320 7468 6174 2070 6163 6b61 6765 ess that package\n+00008610: 2069 7320 6f6e 6c79 206c 6973 7465 6420 is only listed \n+00008620: 6173 2061 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f 6e2d 6465 as a. non-de\n+00008630: 6661 756c 7420 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 fault alternativ\n+00008640: 6520 666f 7220 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 e for a package \n+00008650: 696e 2027 6d61 696e 2729 2c0a 0a20 2020 in 'main'),.. \n+00008660: 2d20 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2062 6520 736f - must not be so\n+00008670: 2062 7567 6779 2074 6861 7420 7765 2072 buggy that we r\n+00008680: 6566 7573 6520 746f 2073 7570 706f 7274 efuse to support\n+00008690: 2074 6865 6d2c 2061 6e64 0a0a 2020 202d them, and.. -\n+000086a0: 206d 7573 7420 6d65 6574 2061 6c6c 2070 must meet all p\n+000086b0: 6f6c 6963 7920 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e olicy requiremen\n+000086c0: 7473 2070 7265 7365 6e74 6564 2069 6e20 ts presented in \n+000086d0: 7468 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c2e 0a0a 4966 this manual...If\n+000086e0: 2061 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 a source packag\n+000086f0: 6520 6973 2069 6e20 7468 6520 276d 6169 e is in the 'mai\n+00008700: 6e27 2061 7263 6869 7665 2061 7265 612c n' archive area,\n+00008710: 2074 6865 6e20 6174 206c 6561 7374 206f then at least o\n+00008720: 6e65 206f 660a 6974 7320 6269 6e61 7279 ne of.its binary\n+00008730: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6d75 7374 2062 packages must b\n+00008740: 6520 696e 2074 6865 2027 6d61 696e 2720 e in the 'main' \n+00008750: 6172 6368 6976 6520 6172 6561 2c20 616e archive area, an\n+00008760: 6420 6561 6368 206f 6620 7468 650a 7265 d each of the.re\n+00008770: 6d61 696e 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 6573 maining packages\n+00008780: 206d 7573 7420 6265 2069 6e20 6569 7468 must be in eith\n+00008790: 6572 2074 6865 2027 6d61 696e 2720 6f72 er the 'main' or\n+000087a0: 2027 636f 6e74 7269 6227 2061 7263 6869 'contrib' archi\n+000087b0: 7665 0a61 7265 612e 2020 4561 6368 2062 ve.area. Each b\n+000087c0: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 inary package...\n+000087d0: 7320 6172 6368 6976 6520 6172 6561 2069 s archive area i\n+000087e0: 7320 696e 6469 6361 7465 6420 6279 2069 s indicated by i\n+000087f0: 7473 20e2 8098 5365 6374 696f 6ee2 8099 ts ...Section...\n+00008800: 0a66 6965 6c64 3a20 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 .field: see *not\n+00008810: 6520 5365 6374 696f 6e73 3a20 3234 2e0a e Sections: 24..\n+00008820: 0a53 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 .Source packages\n+00008830: 2069 6e20 276d 6169 6e27 2077 6974 6820 in 'main' with \n+00008840: 6120 6d69 7874 7572 6520 6f66 2027 6d61 a mixture of 'ma\n+00008850: 696e 2720 616e 6420 2763 6f6e 7472 6962 in' and 'contrib\n+00008860: 2720 6269 6e61 7279 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 ' binary.package\n+00008870: 7320 6172 6520 6d6f 7265 2063 6f6d 706c s are more compl\n+00008880: 6578 2066 6f72 2061 7263 6869 7665 2074 ex for archive t\n+00008890: 6f6f 6c69 6e67 2074 6f20 6861 6e64 6c65 ooling to handle\n+000088a0: 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6572 6566 6f72 650a , and therefore.\n+000088b0: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6c69 6d69 7465 should be limite\n+000088c0: 6420 746f 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 7320 d to situations \n+000088d0: 7768 6572 6520 6974 2077 6f75 6c64 2062 where it would b\n+000088e0: 6520 696e 636f 6e76 656e 6965 6e74 2074 e inconvenient t\n+000088f0: 6f20 7370 6c69 740a 7468 6520 736f 7572 o split.the sour\n+00008900: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 2049 6620 ce package. If \n+00008910: 6974 2069 7320 7374 7261 6967 6874 666f it is straightfo\n+00008920: 7277 6172 6420 746f 2073 706c 6974 2074 rward to split t\n+00008930: 6865 2073 6f75 7263 650a 7061 636b 6167 he source.packag\n+00008940: 6520 696e 746f 2061 2027 6d61 696e 2720 e into a 'main' \n+00008950: 7061 7274 2061 6e64 2061 2027 636f 6e74 part and a 'cont\n+00008960: 7269 6227 2070 6172 7420 7468 6174 2061 rib' part that a\n+00008970: 7265 2062 7569 6c74 0a73 6570 6172 6174 re built.separat\n+00008980: 656c 792c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6f73 6520 ely, then those \n+00008990: 7061 7274 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 parts should be \n+000089a0: 7265 7072 6573 656e 7465 6420 6173 2073 represented as s\n+000089b0: 6570 6172 6174 6520 736f 7572 6365 0a70 eparate source.p\n+000089c0: 6163 6b61 6765 732e 0a0a 5768 656e 2061 ackages...When a\n+000089d0: 2027 6d61 696e 2720 736f 7572 6365 2070 'main' source p\n+000089e0: 6163 6b61 6765 2068 6173 2061 206d 6978 ackage has a mix\n+000089f0: 7475 7265 206f 6620 276d 6169 6e27 2061 ture of 'main' a\n+00008a00: 6e64 2027 636f 6e74 7269 6227 0a62 696e nd 'contrib'.bin\n+00008a10: 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 7468 ary packages, th\n+00008a20: 6520 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e source package\n+00008a30: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2027 6d61 696e 2720 and the 'main' \n+00008a40: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 binary packages \n+00008a50: 6d75 7374 0a66 6f6c 6c6f 7720 7468 6520 must.follow the \n+00008a60: 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 2066 6f72 requirements for\n+00008a70: 2027 6d61 696e 2720 7061 636b 6167 6573 'main' packages\n+00008a80: 2c20 6275 7420 7468 6520 2763 6f6e 7472 , but the 'contr\n+00008a90: 6962 2720 6269 6e61 7279 0a70 6163 6b61 ib' binary.packa\n+00008aa0: 6765 7320 6d61 7920 666f 6c6c 6f77 2074 ges may follow t\n+00008ab0: 6865 2077 6561 6b65 7220 7265 7175 6972 he weaker requir\n+00008ac0: 656d 656e 7473 2066 6f72 2027 636f 6e74 ements for 'cont\n+00008ad0: 7269 6227 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e 2020 rib' packages. \n+00008ae0: 496e 0a70 6172 7469 6375 6c61 722c 2073 In.particular, s\n+00008af0: 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2069 ource packages i\n+00008b00: 6e20 276d 6169 6e27 206d 7573 7420 6e6f n 'main' must no\n+00008b10: 7420 6861 7665 2062 7569 6c64 2064 6570 t have build dep\n+00008b20: 656e 6465 6e63 6965 730a 6f75 7473 6964 endencies.outsid\n+00008b30: 6520 276d 6169 6e27 2c20 6275 7420 7468 e 'main', but th\n+00008b40: 6520 2763 6f6e 7472 6962 2720 6269 6e61 e 'contrib' bina\n+00008b50: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6d61 7920 ry packages may \n+00008b60: 6861 7665 2072 756e 7469 6d65 0a64 6570 have runtime.dep\n+00008b70: 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6f75 7473 6964 endencies outsid\n+00008b80: 6520 276d 6169 6e27 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d e 'main'... --\n+00008b90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 -------- Footnot\n+00008ba0: 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 es ----------.. \n+00008bb0: 2020 2831 2920 5365 6520 5768 6174 2044 (1) See What D\n+00008bc0: 6f65 7320 4672 6565 204d 6561 6e3f 2020 oes Free Mean? \n+00008bd0: 2868 7474 7073 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e64 6562 (https://www.deb\n+00008be0: 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 696e 7472 6f2f 6672 ian.org/intro/fr\n+00008bf0: 6565 2920 666f 720a 6d6f 7265 2061 626f ee) for.more abo\n+00008c00: 7574 2077 6861 7420 7765 206d 6561 6e20 ut what we mean \n+00008c10: 6279 2066 7265 6520 736f 6674 7761 7265 by free software\n+00008c20: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 4465 6269 616e ... (2) Debian\n+00008c30: e280 9973 2046 5450 204d 6173 7465 7273 ...s FTP Masters\n+00008c40: 2070 7562 6c69 7368 2061 2052 454a 4543 publish a REJEC\n+00008c50: 542d 4641 510a 2868 7474 7073 3a2f 2f66 T-FAQ.(https://f\n+00008c60: 7470 2d6d 6173 7465 722e 6465 6269 616e tp-master.debian\n+00008c70: 2e6f 7267 2f52 454a 4543 542d 4641 512e .org/REJECT-FAQ.\n+00008c80: 6874 6d6c 2920 7768 6963 6820 6465 7461 html) which deta\n+00008c90: 696c 7320 7468 650a 7072 6f6a 6563 74e2 ils the.project.\n+00008ca0: 8099 7320 6375 7272 656e 7420 776f 726b ..s current work\n+00008cb0: 696e 6720 696e 7465 7270 7265 7461 7469 ing interpretati\n+00008cc0: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 4446 5347 2e0a on of the DFSG..\n+00008cd0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n+00008ce0: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n+00008cf0: 6465 3a20 5468 6520 6e6f 6e2d 6672 6565 de: The non-free\n+00008d00: 2d66 6972 6d77 6172 6520 6172 6368 6976 -firmware archiv\n+00008d10: 6520 6172 6561 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2054 e area, Next: T\n+00008d20: 6865 2063 6f6e 7472 6962 2061 7263 6869 he contrib archi\n+00008d30: 7665 2061 7265 612c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 ve area, Prev: \n+00008d40: 5468 6520 6d61 696e 2061 7263 6869 7665 The main archive\n+00008d50: 2061 7265 612c 2020 5570 3a20 4172 6368 area, Up: Arch\n+00008d60: 6976 6520 6172 6561 730a 0a32 2e32 2e32 ive areas..2.2.2\n+00008d70: 2054 6865 206e 6f6e 2d66 7265 652d 6669 The non-free-fi\n+00008d80: 726d 7761 7265 2061 7263 6869 7665 2061 rmware archive a\n+00008d90: 7265 610a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d rea.------------\n+00008da0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00008db0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 ------------..Th\n+00008dc0: 6520 276e 6f6e 2d66 7265 652d 6669 726d e 'non-free-firm\n+00008dd0: 7761 7265 2720 6172 6368 6976 6520 6172 ware' archive ar\n+00008de0: 6561 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7061 636b ea contains pack\n+00008df0: 6167 6573 2070 726f 7669 6469 6e67 0a66 ages providing.f\n+00008e00: 6972 6d77 6172 6520 6e65 6564 6564 2074 irmware needed t\n+00008e10: 6f20 696e 6974 6961 6c69 7a65 2c20 7573 o initialize, us\n+00008e20: 6520 6f72 206b 6565 7020 7570 6461 7465 e or keep update\n+00008e30: 6420 6861 7264 7761 7265 2072 6571 7569 d hardware requi\n+00008e40: 7265 6420 6279 0a6f 7572 2075 7365 7273 red by.our users\n+00008e50: 2c20 7479 7069 6361 6c6c 7920 6e65 6365 , typically nece\n+00008e60: 7373 6172 7920 666f 7220 696d 706f 7274 ssary for import\n+00008e70: 616e 7420 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 746f ant functions to\n+00008e80: 2062 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 650a 2869 be available.(i\n+00008e90: 2e65 2e20 2077 6972 656c 6573 7320 6e65 .e. wireless ne\n+00008ea0: 7477 6f72 6b20 636f 6e6e 6563 7469 7669 twork connectivi\n+00008eb0: 7479 2920 6f72 2066 6f72 2066 6978 696e ty) or for fixin\n+00008ec0: 6720 7365 6375 7269 7479 2064 6566 6563 g security defec\n+00008ed0: 7473 2069 6e0a 6861 7264 7761 7265 2028 ts in.hardware (\n+00008ee0: 692e 652e 2020 4350 5520 6d69 6372 6f63 i.e. CPU microc\n+00008ef0: 6f64 6520 7570 6461 7465 7329 2e20 2050 ode updates). P\n+00008f00: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 696e 2074 6869 7320 ackages in this \n+00008f10: 6172 6368 6976 6520 6d61 790a 6e6f 7420 archive may.not \n+00008f20: 636f 6d70 6c79 2077 6974 6820 616c 6c20 comply with all \n+00008f30: 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 7265 of the policy re\n+00008f40: 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 2069 6e20 7468 quirements in th\n+00008f50: 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c20 6475 6520 746f is manual due to\n+00008f60: 0a6c 6163 6b20 6f66 2073 6f75 7263 6520 .lack of source \n+00008f70: 636f 6465 2061 7661 696c 6162 696c 6974 code availabilit\n+00008f80: 792c 2072 6573 7472 6963 7469 6f6e 7320 y, restrictions \n+00008f90: 6f6e 206d 6f64 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 on modification \n+00008fa0: 6f72 206f 7468 6572 0a6c 696d 6974 6174 or other.limitat\n+00008fb0: 696f 6e73 2e0a 0a50 6163 6b61 6765 7320 ions...Packages \n+00008fc0: 696e 2027 6e6f 6e2d 6672 6565 2d66 6972 in 'non-free-fir\n+00008fd0: 6d77 6172 6527 0a0a 2020 202d 206d 7573 mware'.. - mus\n+00008fe0: 7420 6e6f 7420 6265 2073 6f20 6275 6767 t not be so bugg\n+00008ff0: 7920 7468 6174 2077 6520 7265 6675 7365 y that we refuse\n+00009000: 2074 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 7468 656d to support them\n+00009010: 2c20 616e 640a 0a20 2020 2d20 6d75 7374 , and.. - must\n+00009020: 206d 6565 7420 616c 6c20 706f 6c69 6379 meet all policy\n+00009030: 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 7320 7072 requirements pr\n+00009040: 6573 656e 7465 6420 696e 2074 6869 7320 esented in this \n+00009050: 6d61 6e75 616c 2074 6861 7420 6974 0a20 manual that it. \n+00009060: 2020 2020 6973 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 is possible \n+00009070: 666f 7220 7468 656d 2074 6f20 6d65 6574 for them to meet\n+00009080: 2e20 2028 3129 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d . (1).. -----\n+00009090: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n+000090a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n+000090b0: 3129 2049 7420 6973 2070 6f73 7369 626c 1) It is possibl\n+000090c0: 6520 7468 6174 2074 6865 7265 2061 7265 e that there are\n+000090d0: 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 7265 7175 6972 656d policy requirem\n+000090e0: 656e 7473 2077 6869 6368 2074 6865 0a70 ents which the.p\n+000090f0: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 756e 6162 6c65 ackage is unable\n+00009100: 2074 6f20 6d65 6574 2c20 666f 7220 6578 to meet, for ex\n+00009110: 616d 706c 652c 2069 6620 7468 6520 736f ample, if the so\n+00009120: 7572 6365 2069 7320 756e 6176 6169 6c61 urce is unavaila\n+00009130: 626c 652e 0a54 6865 7365 2073 6974 7561 ble..These situa\n+00009140: 7469 6f6e 7320 7769 6c6c 206e 6565 6420 tions will need \n+00009150: 746f 2062 6520 6861 6e64 6c65 6420 6f6e to be handled on\n+00009160: 2061 2063 6173 652d 6279 2d63 6173 6520 a case-by-case \n+00009170: 6261 7369 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 basis.....File: \n+00009180: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+00009190: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2054 6865 2063 fo, Node: The c\n+000091a0: 6f6e 7472 6962 2061 7263 6869 7665 2061 ontrib archive a\n+000091b0: 7265 612c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5468 6520 rea, Next: The \n+000091c0: 6e6f 6e2d 6672 6565 2061 7263 6869 7665 non-free archive\n+000091d0: 2061 7265 612c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5468 area, Prev: Th\n+000091e0: 6520 6e6f 6e2d 6672 6565 2d66 6972 6d77 e non-free-firmw\n+000091f0: 6172 6520 6172 6368 6976 6520 6172 6561 are archive area\n+00009200: 2c20 2055 703a 2041 7263 6869 7665 2061 , Up: Archive a\n+00009210: 7265 6173 0a0a 322e 322e 3320 5468 6520 reas..2.2.3 The \n+00009220: 636f 6e74 7269 6220 6172 6368 6976 6520 contrib archive \n+00009230: 6172 6561 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d area.-----------\n+00009240: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00009250: 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 2027 636f 6e74 7269 ---..The 'contri\n+00009260: 6227 2061 7263 6869 7665 2061 7265 6120 b' archive area \n+00009270: 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2073 7570 706c 656d contains supplem\n+00009280: 656e 7461 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2069 ental packages i\n+00009290: 6e74 656e 6465 6420 746f 0a77 6f72 6b20 ntended to.work \n+000092a0: 7769 7468 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 with the Debian \n+000092b0: 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2c20 6275 distribution, bu\n+000092c0: 7420 7768 6963 6820 7265 7175 6972 6520 t which require \n+000092d0: 736f 6674 7761 7265 206f 7574 7369 6465 software outside\n+000092e0: 206f 660a 7468 6520 6469 7374 7269 6275 of.the distribu\n+000092f0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 6569 7468 6572 2062 tion to either b\n+00009300: 7569 6c64 206f 7220 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e uild or function\n+00009310: 2e0a 0a45 7665 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 ...Every package\n+00009320: 2069 6e20 2763 6f6e 7472 6962 2720 6d75 in 'contrib' mu\n+00009330: 7374 2063 6f6d 706c 7920 7769 7468 2074 st comply with t\n+00009340: 6865 2044 4653 472e 0a0a 496e 2061 6464 he DFSG...In add\n+00009350: 6974 696f 6e2c 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 ition, the packa\n+00009360: 6765 7320 696e 2027 636f 6e74 7269 6227 ges in 'contrib'\n+00009370: 0a0a 2020 202d 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 .. - must not \n+00009380: 6265 2073 6f20 6275 6767 7920 7468 6174 be so buggy that\n+00009390: 2077 6520 7265 6675 7365 2074 6f20 7375 we refuse to su\n+000093a0: 7070 6f72 7420 7468 656d 2c20 616e 640a pport them, and.\n+000093b0: 0a20 2020 2d20 6d75 7374 206d 6565 7420 . - must meet \n+000093c0: 616c 6c20 706f 6c69 6379 2072 6571 7569 all policy requi\n+000093d0: 7265 6d65 6e74 7320 7072 6573 656e 7465 rements presente\n+000093e0: 6420 696e 2074 6869 7320 6d61 6e75 616c d in this manual\n+000093f0: 2e0a 0a45 7861 6d70 6c65 7320 6f66 2070 ...Examples of p\n+00009400: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7768 6963 6820 776f ackages which wo\n+00009410: 756c 6420 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 uld be included \n+00009420: 696e 2027 636f 6e74 7269 6227 2061 7265 in 'contrib' are\n+00009430: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2d20 6672 6565 2070 6163 :.. - free pac\n+00009440: 6b61 6765 7320 7768 6963 6820 7265 7175 kages which requ\n+00009450: 6972 6520 2763 6f6e 7472 6962 272c 2027 ire 'contrib', '\n+00009460: 6e6f 6e2d 6672 6565 2720 7061 636b 6167 non-free' packag\n+00009470: 6573 206f 720a 2020 2020 2070 6163 6b61 es or. packa\n+00009480: 6765 7320 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 6e6f ges which are no\n+00009490: 7420 696e 206f 7572 2061 7263 6869 7665 t in our archive\n+000094a0: 2061 7420 616c 6c20 666f 7220 636f 6d70 at all for comp\n+000094b0: 696c 6174 696f 6e20 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 ilation or. \n+000094c0: 6578 6563 7574 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 0a0a execution, and..\n+000094d0: 2020 202d 2077 7261 7070 6572 2070 6163 - wrapper pac\n+000094e0: 6b61 6765 7320 6f72 206f 7468 6572 2073 kages or other s\n+000094f0: 6f72 7473 206f 6620 6672 6565 2061 6363 orts of free acc\n+00009500: 6573 736f 7269 6573 2066 6f72 206e 6f6e essories for non\n+00009510: 2d66 7265 650a 2020 2020 2070 726f 6772 -free. progr\n+00009520: 616d 732e 0a0a 4966 2061 2073 6f75 7263 ams...If a sourc\n+00009530: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2069 6e20 e package is in \n+00009540: 7468 6520 2763 6f6e 7472 6962 2720 6172 the 'contrib' ar\n+00009550: 6368 6976 6520 6172 6561 2c20 7468 656e chive area, then\n+00009560: 2065 6163 6820 6f66 2074 6865 0a62 696e each of the.bin\n+00009570: 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 ary packages tha\n+00009580: 7420 6974 2070 726f 6475 6365 7320 6d75 t it produces mu\n+00009590: 7374 2061 6c73 6f20 6265 2069 6e20 7468 st also be in th\n+000095a0: 6520 2763 6f6e 7472 6962 2720 6172 6368 e 'contrib' arch\n+000095b0: 6976 650a 6172 6561 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ive.area.....Fil\n+000095c0: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n+000095d0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5468 .info, Node: Th\n+000095e0: 6520 6e6f 6e2d 6672 6565 2061 7263 6869 e non-free archi\n+000095f0: 7665 2061 7265 612c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 ve area, Prev: \n+00009600: 5468 6520 636f 6e74 7269 6220 6172 6368 The contrib arch\n+00009610: 6976 6520 6172 6561 2c20 2055 703a 2041 ive area, Up: A\n+00009620: 7263 6869 7665 2061 7265 6173 0a0a 322e rchive areas..2.\n+00009630: 322e 3420 5468 6520 6e6f 6e2d 6672 6565 2.4 The non-free\n+00009640: 2061 7263 6869 7665 2061 7265 610a 2d2d archive area.--\n+00009650: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00009660: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 -------------..T\n+00009670: 6865 2027 6e6f 6e2d 6672 6565 2720 6172 he 'non-free' ar\n+00009680: 6368 6976 6520 6172 6561 2063 6f6e 7461 chive area conta\n+00009690: 696e 7320 7375 7070 6c65 6d65 6e74 616c ins supplemental\n+000096a0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 696e 7465 6e64 packages intend\n+000096b0: 6564 2074 6f0a 776f 726b 2077 6974 6820 ed to.work with \n+000096c0: 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2064 6973 7472 the Debian distr\n+000096d0: 6962 7574 696f 6e20 7468 6174 2064 6f20 ibution that do \n+000096e0: 6e6f 7420 636f 6d70 6c79 2077 6974 6820 not comply with \n+000096f0: 7468 6520 4446 5347 206f 720a 6861 7665 the DFSG or.have\n+00009700: 206f 7468 6572 2070 726f 626c 656d 7320 other problems \n+00009710: 7468 6174 206d 616b 6520 7468 6569 7220 that make their \n+00009720: 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2070 726f distribution pro\n+00009730: 626c 656d 6174 6963 2e20 2054 6865 7920 blematic. They \n+00009740: 6d61 790a 6e6f 7420 636f 6d70 6c79 2077 may.not comply w\n+00009750: 6974 6820 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 2070 ith all of the p\n+00009760: 6f6c 6963 7920 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e olicy requiremen\n+00009770: 7473 2069 6e20 7468 6973 206d 616e 7561 ts in this manua\n+00009780: 6c20 6475 6520 746f 0a72 6573 7472 6963 l due to.restric\n+00009790: 7469 6f6e 7320 6f6e 206d 6f64 6966 6963 tions on modific\n+000097a0: 6174 696f 6e73 206f 7220 6f74 6865 7220 ations or other \n+000097b0: 6c69 6d69 7461 7469 6f6e 732e 0a0a 5061 limitations...Pa\n+000097c0: 636b 6167 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 2070 ckages must be p\n+000097d0: 6c61 6365 6420 696e 2027 6e6f 6e2d 6672 laced in 'non-fr\n+000097e0: 6565 2720 6966 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 ee' if they are \n+000097f0: 6e6f 7420 636f 6d70 6c69 616e 7420 7769 not compliant wi\n+00009800: 7468 2074 6865 0a44 4653 4720 6f72 2061 th the.DFSG or a\n+00009810: 7265 2065 6e63 756d 6265 7265 6420 6279 re encumbered by\n+00009820: 2070 6174 656e 7473 206f 7220 6f74 6865 patents or othe\n+00009830: 7220 6c65 6761 6c20 6973 7375 6573 2074 r legal issues t\n+00009840: 6861 7420 6d61 6b65 2074 6865 6972 0a64 hat make their.d\n+00009850: 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e20 7072 6f62 istribution prob\n+00009860: 6c65 6d61 7469 632e 0a0a 496e 2061 6464 lematic...In add\n+00009870: 6974 696f 6e2c 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 ition, the packa\n+00009880: 6765 7320 696e 2027 6e6f 6e2d 6672 6565 ges in 'non-free\n+00009890: 270a 0a20 2020 2d20 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 '.. - must not\n+000098a0: 2062 6520 736f 2062 7567 6779 2074 6861 be so buggy tha\n+000098b0: 7420 7765 2072 6566 7573 6520 746f 2073 t we refuse to s\n+000098c0: 7570 706f 7274 2074 6865 6d2c 2061 6e64 upport them, and\n+000098d0: 0a0a 2020 202d 206d 7573 7420 6d65 6574 .. - must meet\n+000098e0: 2061 6c6c 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 7265 7175 all policy requ\n+000098f0: 6972 656d 656e 7473 2070 7265 7365 6e74 irements present\n+00009900: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6973 206d 616e 7561 ed in this manua\n+00009910: 6c20 7468 6174 2069 740a 2020 2020 2069 l that it. i\n+00009920: 7320 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2066 6f72 2074 s possible for t\n+00009930: 6865 6d20 746f 206d 6565 742e 2020 2831 hem to meet. (1\n+00009940: 290a 0a49 6620 6120 736f 7572 6365 2070 )..If a source p\n+00009950: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 696e 2074 6865 ackage is in the\n+00009960: 2027 6e6f 6e2d 6672 6565 2720 6172 6368 'non-free' arch\n+00009970: 6976 6520 6172 6561 2c20 7468 656e 2065 ive area, then e\n+00009980: 6163 6820 6f66 2074 6865 0a62 696e 6172 ach of the.binar\n+00009990: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 y packages that \n+000099a0: 6974 2070 726f 6475 6365 7320 6d75 7374 it produces must\n+000099b0: 2061 6c73 6f20 6265 2069 6e20 7468 6520 also be in the \n+000099c0: 276e 6f6e 2d66 7265 6527 2061 7263 6869 'non-free' archi\n+000099d0: 7665 0a61 7265 612e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d ve.area... ---\n+000099e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 ------- Footnote\n+000099f0: 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 s ----------.. \n+00009a00: 2028 3129 2049 7420 6973 2070 6f73 7369 (1) It is possi\n+00009a10: 626c 6520 7468 6174 2074 6865 7265 2061 ble that there a\n+00009a20: 7265 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 7265 7175 6972 re policy requir\n+00009a30: 656d 656e 7473 2077 6869 6368 2074 6865 ements which the\n+00009a40: 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 756e 6162 .package is unab\n+00009a50: 6c65 2074 6f20 6d65 6574 2c20 666f 7220 le to meet, for \n+00009a60: 6578 616d 706c 652c 2069 6620 7468 6520 example, if the \n+00009a70: 736f 7572 6365 2069 7320 756e 6176 6169 source is unavai\n+00009a80: 6c61 626c 652e 0a54 6865 7365 2073 6974 lable..These sit\n+00009a90: 7561 7469 6f6e 7320 7769 6c6c 206e 6565 uations will nee\n+00009aa0: 6420 746f 2062 6520 6861 6e64 6c65 6420 d to be handled \n+00009ab0: 6f6e 2061 2063 6173 652d 6279 2d63 6173 on a case-by-cas\n+00009ac0: 6520 6261 7369 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 e basis.....File\n+00009ad0: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n+00009ae0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6f70 info, Node: Cop\n+00009af0: 7972 6967 6874 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7261 yright considera\n+00009b00: 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5365 tions, Next: Se\n+00009b10: 6374 696f 6e73 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2041 ctions, Prev: A\n+00009b20: 7263 6869 7665 2061 7265 6173 2c20 2055 rchive areas, U\n+00009b30: 703a 2054 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 4172 p: The Debian Ar\n+00009b40: 6368 6976 650a 0a32 2e33 2043 6f70 7972 chive..2.3 Copyr\n+00009b50: 6967 6874 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7261 7469 ight considerati\n+00009b60: 6f6e 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ons.============\n+00009b70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00009b80: 0a0a 4576 6572 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 ..Every package \n+00009b90: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6163 636f 6d70 616e must be accompan\n+00009ba0: 6965 6420 6279 2061 2076 6572 6261 7469 ied by a verbati\n+00009bb0: 6d20 636f 7079 206f 6620 6974 7320 6469 m copy of its di\n+00009bc0: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 0a6c 6963 656e stribution.licen\n+00009bd0: 7365 2873 2920 696e 2074 6865 2066 696c se(s) in the fil\n+00009be0: 6520 e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f e .../usr/share/\n+00009bf0: 646f 632f 5041 434b 4147 452f 636f 7079 doc/PACKAGE/copy\n+00009c00: 7269 6768 74e2 8099 2e0a 0a54 6865 2063 right......The c\n+00009c10: 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 opyright informa\n+00009c20: 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2066 696c 6573 2069 tion for files i\n+00009c30: 6e20 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d75 7374 n a package must\n+00009c40: 2062 6520 636f 7069 6564 2076 6572 6261 be copied verba\n+00009c50: 7469 6d0a 696e 746f 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 tim.into .../usr\n+00009c60: 2f73 6861 7265 2f64 6f63 2f50 4143 4b41 /share/doc/PACKA\n+00009c70: 4745 2f63 6f70 7972 6967 6874 e280 992c GE/copyright...,\n+00009c80: 2077 6865 6e20 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 when all of the\n+00009c90: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2068 6f6c 643a following hold:\n+00009ca0: 0a0a 2020 312e 2074 6865 2064 6973 7472 .. 1. the distr\n+00009cb0: 6962 7574 696f 6e20 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 ibution license \n+00009cc0: 666f 7220 7468 6f73 6520 6669 6c65 7320 for those files \n+00009cd0: 7265 7175 6972 6573 2074 6861 7420 636f requires that co\n+00009ce0: 7079 7269 6768 740a 2020 2020 2069 6e66 pyright. inf\n+00009cf0: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2062 6520 696e 636c ormation be incl\n+00009d00: 7564 6564 2069 6e20 616c 6c20 636f 7069 uded in all copi\n+00009d10: 6573 2061 6e64 2f6f 7220 6269 6e61 7279 es and/or binary\n+00009d20: 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e73 3b0a distributions;.\n+00009d30: 0a20 2032 2e20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7320 . 2. the files \n+00009d40: 6172 6520 7368 6970 7065 6420 696e 2074 are shipped in t\n+00009d50: 6865 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 he binary packag\n+00009d60: 652c 2065 6974 6865 7220 696e 2073 6f75 e, either in sou\n+00009d70: 7263 6520 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6d70 rce or. comp\n+00009d80: 696c 6564 2066 6f72 6d3b 2061 6e64 0a0a iled form; and..\n+00009d90: 2020 332e 2074 6865 2066 6f72 6d20 696e 3. the form in\n+00009da0: 2077 6869 6368 2074 6865 2066 696c 6573 which the files\n+00009db0: 2061 7265 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2069 6e20 are present in \n+00009dc0: 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 the binary packa\n+00009dd0: 6765 2064 6f65 730a 2020 2020 206e 6f74 ge does. not\n+00009de0: 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2061 2070 6c61 696e include a plain\n+00009df0: 2074 6578 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 text version of\n+00009e00: 2074 6865 6972 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 their copyright\n+00009e10: 206e 6f74 6963 6573 2e0a 0a54 6875 732c notices...Thus,\n+00009e20: 2074 6865 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2069 the copyright i\n+00009e30: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2066 nformation for f\n+00009e40: 696c 6573 2069 6e20 7468 6520 736f 7572 iles in the sour\n+00009e50: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6869 6368 ce package which\n+00009e60: 0a61 7265 206f 6e6c 7920 7061 7274 206f .are only part o\n+00009e70: 6620 6974 7320 6275 696c 6420 7072 6f63 f its build proc\n+00009e80: 6573 732c 2073 7563 6820 6173 2061 7574 ess, such as aut\n+00009e90: 6f74 6f6f 6c73 2066 696c 6573 2c20 6e65 otools files, ne\n+00009ea0: 6564 206e 6f74 2062 650a 696e 636c 7564 ed not be.includ\n+00009eb0: 6564 2069 6e20 e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 ed in .../usr/sh\n+00009ec0: 6172 652f 646f 632f 5041 434b 4147 452f are/doc/PACKAGE/\n+00009ed0: 636f 7079 7269 6768 74e2 8099 2c20 6265 copyright..., be\n+00009ee0: 6361 7573 6520 7468 6f73 6520 6669 6c65 cause those file\n+00009ef0: 7320 646f 0a6e 6f74 2067 6574 2069 6e73 s do.not get ins\n+00009f00: 7461 6c6c 6564 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 talled into the \n+00009f10: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 binary package. \n+00009f20: 2053 696d 696c 6172 6c79 2c20 706c 6169 Similarly, plai\n+00009f30: 6e20 7465 7874 2066 696c 6573 0a77 6869 n text files.whi\n+00009f40: 6368 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2074 6865 6972 ch include their\n+00009f50: 206f 776e 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2069 own copyright i\n+00009f60: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 2061 nformation and a\n+00009f70: 7265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2069 6e74 re installed int\n+00009f80: 6f20 7468 650a 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 o the.binary pac\n+00009f90: 6b61 6765 2075 6e6d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 kage unmodified \n+00009fa0: 6e65 6564 206e 6f74 2068 6176 6520 7468 need not have th\n+00009fb0: 6174 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2069 6e66 at copyright inf\n+00009fc0: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a63 6f70 6965 6420 ormation.copied \n+00009fd0: 696e 746f 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 into .../usr/sha\n+00009fe0: 7265 2f64 6f63 2f50 4143 4b41 4745 2f63 re/doc/PACKAGE/c\n+00009ff0: 6f70 7972 6967 6874 e280 990a 0a48 6f77 opyright.....How\n+0000a000: 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6520 636f 7079 7269 ever, the copyri\n+0000a010: 6768 7420 6e6f 7469 6365 7320 666f 7220 ght notices for \n+0000a020: 616e 7920 6669 6c65 7320 7768 6963 6820 any files which \n+0000a030: 6172 6520 636f 6d70 696c 6564 2069 6e74 are compiled int\n+0000a040: 6f20 7468 650a 6f62 6a65 6374 2063 6f64 o the.object cod\n+0000a050: 6520 7368 6970 7065 6420 696e 2074 6865 e shipped in the\n+0000a060: 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 binary package \n+0000a070: 6d75 7374 2061 6c6c 2062 6520 696e 636c must all be incl\n+0000a080: 7564 6564 2069 6e0a e280 982f 7573 722f uded in..../usr/\n+0000a090: 7368 6172 652f 646f 632f 5041 434b 4147 share/doc/PACKAG\n+0000a0a0: 452f 636f 7079 7269 6768 74e2 8099 2077 E/copyright... w\n+0000a0b0: 6865 6e20 7468 6520 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 hen the license \n+0000a0c0: 7265 7175 6972 6573 2074 6861 740a 636f requires that.co\n+0000a0d0: 7079 7269 6768 7420 696e 666f 726d 6174 pyright informat\n+0000a0e0: 696f 6e20 6265 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 ion be included \n+0000a0f0: 696e 2061 6c6c 2063 6f70 6965 7320 616e in all copies an\n+0000a100: 642f 6f72 2062 696e 6172 790a 6469 7374 d/or binary.dist\n+0000a110: 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 732c 2061 7320 6d6f ributions, as mo\n+0000a120: 7374 2064 6f2e 2020 2831 290a 0a53 6565 st do. (1)..See\n+0000a130: 202a 6e6f 7465 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 *note Copyright\n+0000a140: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 3a20 3264 information: 2d\n+0000a150: 2e20 666f 7220 6675 7274 6865 7220 6465 . for further de\n+0000a160: 7461 696c 732e 0a0a 5765 2072 6573 6572 tails...We reser\n+0000a170: 7665 2074 6865 2072 6967 6874 2074 6f20 ve the right to \n+0000a180: 7265 7374 7269 6374 2066 696c 6573 2066 restrict files f\n+0000a190: 726f 6d20 6265 696e 6720 696e 636c 7564 rom being includ\n+0000a1a0: 6564 2061 6e79 7768 6572 6520 696e 0a6f ed anywhere in.o\n+0000a1b0: 7572 2061 7263 6869 7665 7320 6966 0a0a ur archives if..\n+0000a1c0: 2020 202d 2074 6865 6972 2075 7365 206f - their use o\n+0000a1d0: 7220 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2077 r distribution w\n+0000a1e0: 6f75 6c64 2062 7265 616b 2061 206c 6177 ould break a law\n+0000a1f0: 2c0a 0a20 2020 2d20 7468 6572 6520 6973 ,.. - there is\n+0000a200: 2061 6e20 6574 6869 6361 6c20 636f 6e66 an ethical conf\n+0000a210: 6c69 6374 2069 6e20 7468 6569 7220 6469 lict in their di\n+0000a220: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 7573 stribution or us\n+0000a230: 652c 0a0a 2020 202d 2077 6520 776f 756c e,.. - we woul\n+0000a240: 6420 6861 7665 2074 6f20 7369 676e 2061 d have to sign a\n+0000a250: 206c 6963 656e 7365 2066 6f72 2074 6865 license for the\n+0000a260: 6d2c 206f 720a 0a20 2020 2d20 7468 6569 m, or.. - thei\n+0000a270: 7220 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2077 r distribution w\n+0000a280: 6f75 6c64 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 7769 ould conflict wi\n+0000a290: 7468 206f 7468 6572 2070 726f 6a65 6374 th other project\n+0000a2a0: 2070 6f6c 6963 6965 732e 0a0a 5072 6f67 policies...Prog\n+0000a2b0: 7261 6d73 2077 686f 7365 2061 7574 686f rams whose autho\n+0000a2c0: 7273 2065 6e63 6f75 7261 6765 2074 6865 rs encourage the\n+0000a2d0: 2075 7365 7220 746f 206d 616b 6520 646f user to make do\n+0000a2e0: 6e61 7469 6f6e 7320 6172 6520 6669 6e65 nations are fine\n+0000a2f0: 2066 6f72 0a74 6865 206d 6169 6e20 6469 for.the main di\n+0000a300: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2c20 7072 6f76 stribution, prov\n+0000a310: 6964 6564 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6175 ided that the au\n+0000a320: 7468 6f72 7320 646f 206e 6f74 2063 6c61 thors do not cla\n+0000a330: 696d 2074 6861 7420 6e6f 740a 646f 6e61 im that not.dona\n+0000a340: 7469 6e67 2069 7320 696d 6d6f 7261 6c2c ting is immoral,\n+0000a350: 2075 6e65 7468 6963 616c 2c20 696c 6c65 unethical, ille\n+0000a360: 6761 6c20 6f72 2073 6f6d 6574 6869 6e67 gal or something\n+0000a370: 2073 696d 696c 6172 3b20 696e 2073 7563 similar; in suc\n+0000a380: 6820 610a 6361 7365 2074 6865 7920 6d75 h a.case they mu\n+0000a390: 7374 2067 6f20 696e 2027 6e6f 6e2d 6672 st go in 'non-fr\n+0000a3a0: 6565 272e 0a0a 5061 636b 6167 6573 2077 ee'...Packages w\n+0000a3b0: 686f 7365 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2070 hose copyright p\n+0000a3c0: 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 6e6f 7469 6365 ermission notice\n+0000a3d0: 7320 286f 7220 7061 7465 6e74 2070 726f s (or patent pro\n+0000a3e0: 626c 656d 7329 2064 6f20 6e6f 740a 6576 blems) do not.ev\n+0000a3f0: 656e 2061 6c6c 6f77 2072 6564 6973 7472 en allow redistr\n+0000a400: 6962 7574 696f 6e20 6f66 2062 696e 6172 ibution of binar\n+0000a410: 6965 7320 6f6e 6c79 2c20 616e 6420 7768 ies only, and wh\n+0000a420: 6572 6520 6e6f 2073 7065 6369 616c 0a70 ere no special.p\n+0000a430: 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 6861 7320 6265 ermission has be\n+0000a440: 656e 206f 6274 6169 6e65 642c 206d 7573 en obtained, mus\n+0000a450: 7420 6e6f 7420 6265 2070 6c61 6365 6420 t not be placed \n+0000a460: 6f6e 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 4654 on the Debian FT\n+0000a470: 5020 7369 7465 0a61 6e64 2069 7473 206d P site.and its m\n+0000a480: 6972 726f 7273 2061 7420 616c 6c2e 0a0a irrors at all...\n+0000a490: 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 756e 6465 7220 Note that under \n+0000a4a0: 696e 7465 726e 6174 696f 6e61 6c20 636f international co\n+0000a4b0: 7079 7269 6768 7420 6c61 7720 2874 6869 pyright law (thi\n+0000a4c0: 7320 6170 706c 6965 7320 696e 2074 6865 s applies in the\n+0000a4d0: 2055 6e69 7465 640a 5374 6174 6573 2c20 United.States, \n+0000a4e0: 746f 6f29 2c20 276e 6f27 2064 6973 7472 too), 'no' distr\n+0000a4f0: 6962 7574 696f 6e20 6f72 206d 6f64 6966 ibution or modif\n+0000a500: 6963 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 2077 6f72 ication of a wor\n+0000a510: 6b20 6973 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 0a77 6974 k is allowed.wit\n+0000a520: 686f 7574 2061 6e20 6578 706c 6963 6974 hout an explicit\n+0000a530: 206e 6f74 6963 6520 7361 7969 6e67 2073 notice saying s\n+0000a540: 6f2e 2020 5468 6572 6566 6f72 6520 6120 o. Therefore a \n+0000a550: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 7769 7468 6f75 7420 program without \n+0000a560: 610a 636f 7079 7269 6768 7420 6e6f 7469 a.copyright noti\n+0000a570: 6365 2027 6973 2720 636f 7079 7269 6768 ce 'is' copyrigh\n+0000a580: 7465 6420 616e 6420 796f 7520 6d61 7920 ted and you may \n+0000a590: 6e6f 7420 646f 2061 6e79 7468 696e 6720 not do anything \n+0000a5a0: 746f 2069 740a 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7269 to it.without ri\n+0000a5b0: 736b 696e 6720 6265 696e 6720 7375 6564 sking being sued\n+0000a5c0: 2120 204c 696b 6577 6973 6520 6966 2061 ! Likewise if a\n+0000a5d0: 2070 726f 6772 616d 2068 6173 2061 2063 program has a c\n+0000a5e0: 6f70 7972 6967 6874 0a6e 6f74 6963 6520 opyright.notice \n+0000a5f0: 6275 7420 6e6f 2073 7461 7465 6d65 6e74 but no statement\n+0000a600: 2073 6179 696e 6720 7768 6174 2069 7320 saying what is \n+0000a610: 7065 726d 6974 7465 6420 7468 656e 206e permitted then n\n+0000a620: 6f74 6869 6e67 2069 730a 7065 726d 6974 othing is.permit\n+0000a630: 7465 642e 0a0a 4d61 6e79 2061 7574 686f ted...Many autho\n+0000a640: 7273 2061 7265 2075 6e61 7761 7265 206f rs are unaware o\n+0000a650: 6620 7468 6520 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2074 f the problems t\n+0000a660: 6861 7420 7265 7374 7269 6374 6976 6520 hat restrictive \n+0000a670: 636f 7079 7269 6768 7473 2028 6f72 0a6c copyrights (or.l\n+0000a680: 6163 6b20 6f66 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 ack of copyright\n+0000a690: 206e 6f74 6963 6573 2920 6361 6e20 6361 notices) can ca\n+0000a6a0: 7573 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 7573 6572 use for the user\n+0000a6b0: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 6972 0a73 7570 706f s of their.suppo\n+0000a6c0: 7365 646c 792d 6672 6565 2073 6f66 7477 sedly-free softw\n+0000a6d0: 6172 652e 2020 4974 2069 7320 6f66 7465 are. It is ofte\n+0000a6e0: 6e20 776f 7274 6877 6869 6c65 2063 6f6e n worthwhile con\n+0000a6f0: 7461 6374 696e 6720 7375 6368 0a61 7574 tacting such.aut\n+0000a700: 686f 7273 2064 6970 6c6f 6d61 7469 6361 hors diplomatica\n+0000a710: 6c6c 7920 746f 2061 736b 2074 6865 6d20 lly to ask them \n+0000a720: 746f 206d 6f64 6966 7920 7468 6569 7220 to modify their \n+0000a730: 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 7465 726d 732e 0a48 license terms..H\n+0000a740: 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6973 2063 616e owever, this can\n+0000a750: 2062 6520 6120 706f 6c69 7469 6361 6c6c be a politicall\n+0000a760: 7920 6469 6666 6963 756c 7420 7468 696e y difficult thin\n+0000a770: 6720 746f 2064 6f20 616e 6420 796f 7520 g to do and you \n+0000a780: 7368 6f75 6c64 0a61 736b 2066 6f72 2061 should.ask for a\n+0000a790: 6476 6963 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 dvice on the ...\n+0000a7a0: 6465 6269 616e 2d6c 6567 616c e280 9920 debian-legal... \n+0000a7b0: 6d61 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 2066 6972 mailing list fir\n+0000a7c0: 7374 2c20 6173 2065 7870 6c61 696e 6564 st, as explained\n+0000a7d0: 0a62 656c 6f77 2e0a 0a57 6865 6e20 696e .below...When in\n+0000a7e0: 2064 6f75 6274 2061 626f 7574 2061 2063 doubt about a c\n+0000a7f0: 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2c20 7365 6e64 206d opyright, send m\n+0000a800: 6169 6c20 746f 0a3c 6465 6269 616e 2d6c ail to.. Be prep\n+0000a830: 6172 6564 2074 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6520 ared to provide \n+0000a840: 7573 2077 6974 6820 7468 650a 636f 7079 us with the.copy\n+0000a850: 7269 6768 7420 7374 6174 656d 656e 742e right statement.\n+0000a860: 2020 536f 6674 7761 7265 2063 6f76 6572 Software cover\n+0000a870: 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4750 4c2c 2070 ed by the GPL, p\n+0000a880: 7562 6c69 6320 646f 6d61 696e 0a73 6f66 ublic domain.sof\n+0000a890: 7477 6172 6520 616e 6420 4253 442d 6c69 tware and BSD-li\n+0000a8a0: 6b65 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 7320 6172 ke copyrights ar\n+0000a8b0: 6520 7361 6665 3b20 6265 2077 6172 7920 e safe; be wary \n+0000a8c0: 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6872 6173 6573 0ae2 of the phrases..\n+0000a8d0: 809c 636f 6d6d 6572 6369 616c 2075 7365 ..commercial use\n+0000a8e0: 2070 726f 6869 6269 7465 64e2 809d 2061 prohibited... a\n+0000a8f0: 6e64 20e2 809c 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 nd ...distributi\n+0000a900: 6f6e 2072 6573 7472 6963 7465 64e2 809d on restricted...\n+0000a910: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ... ----------\n+0000a920: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n+0000a930: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 4c69 -----.. (1) Li\n+0000a940: 6365 6e73 6573 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 censes that are \n+0000a950: 6e6f 7420 7468 6f75 6768 7420 746f 2072 not thought to r\n+0000a960: 6571 7569 7265 2074 6865 2063 6f70 7969 equire the copyi\n+0000a970: 6e67 206f 6620 616c 6c0a 636f 7079 7269 ng of all.copyri\n+0000a980: 6768 7420 6e6f 7469 6365 7320 696e 746f ght notices into\n+0000a990: 2044 6562 6961 6ee2 8099 7320 636f 7079 Debian...s copy\n+0000a9a0: 7269 6768 7420 6669 6c65 2069 6e63 6c75 right file inclu\n+0000a9b0: 6465 2041 7061 6368 652d 322e 3020 616e de Apache-2.0 an\n+0000a9c0: 640a 7468 6520 426f 6f73 7420 536f 6674 d.the Boost Soft\n+0000a9d0: 7761 7265 204c 6963 656e 7365 2c20 7665 ware License, ve\n+0000a9e0: 7273 696f 6e20 312e 302e 2020 4669 6e61 rsion 1.0. Fina\n+0000a9f0: 6c20 6465 7465 726d 696e 6174 696f 6e20 l determination \n+0000aa00: 6173 2074 6f0a 7768 6574 6865 7220 6120 as to.whether a \n+0000aa10: 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 7320 636f 7079 package...s copy\n+0000aa20: 7269 6768 7420 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7375 right file is su\n+0000aa30: 6666 6963 6965 6e74 206c 6965 7320 7769 fficient lies wi\n+0000aa40: 7468 2074 6865 2046 5450 2074 6561 6d2e th the FTP team.\n+0000aa50: 0a0a 546f 2068 656c 7020 6669 6e64 2063 ..To help find c\n+0000aa60: 6f70 7972 6967 6874 206e 6f74 6963 6573 opyright notices\n+0000aa70: 2079 6f75 206e 6565 6420 746f 2063 6f70 you need to cop\n+0000aa80: 792c 2079 6f75 206d 6967 6874 2074 7279 y, you might try\n+0000aa90: 20e2 8098 6772 6570 0a2d 2d63 6f6c 6f72 ...grep.--color\n+0000aaa0: 3d61 6c77 6179 7320 2d45 6972 2027 2863 =always -Eir '(c\n+0000aab0: 6f70 7972 6967 6874 7cc2 a929 2720 2a20 opyright|..)' * \n+0000aac0: 7c20 6c65 7373 202d 52e2 8099 0a0a 1f0a | less -R.......\n+0000aad0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n+0000aae0: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n+0000aaf0: 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 4e65 7874 Sections, Next\n+0000ab00: 3a20 5072 696f 7269 7469 6573 2c20 2050 : Priorities, P\n+0000ab10: 7265 763a 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2063 rev: Copyright c\n+0000ab20: 6f6e 7369 6465 7261 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 onsiderations, \n+0000ab30: 5570 3a20 5468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2041 Up: The Debian A\n+0000ab40: 7263 6869 7665 0a0a 322e 3420 5365 6374 rchive..2.4 Sect\n+0000ab50: 696f 6e73 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ions.===========\n+0000ab60: 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 =..The packages \n+0000ab70: 696e 2074 6865 2061 7263 6869 7665 2061 in the archive a\n+0000ab80: 7265 6173 2027 6d61 696e 272c 2027 6e6f reas 'main', 'no\n+0000ab90: 6e2d 6672 6565 2d66 6972 6d77 6172 6527 n-free-firmware'\n+0000aba0: 2c20 2763 6f6e 7472 6962 270a 616e 6420 , 'contrib'.and \n+0000abb0: 276e 6f6e 2d66 7265 6527 2061 7265 2067 'non-free' are g\n+0000abc0: 726f 7570 6564 2066 7572 7468 6572 2069 rouped further i\n+0000abd0: 6e74 6f20 2773 6563 7469 6f6e 7327 2074 nto 'sections' t\n+0000abe0: 6f20 7369 6d70 6c69 6679 2068 616e 646c o simplify handl\n+0000abf0: 696e 672e 0a0a 5468 6520 6172 6368 6976 ing...The archiv\n+0000ac00: 6520 6172 6561 2061 6e64 2073 6563 7469 e area and secti\n+0000ac10: 6f6e 2066 6f72 2065 6163 6820 7061 636b on for each pack\n+0000ac20: 6167 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7370 age should be sp\n+0000ac30: 6563 6966 6965 6420 696e 2074 6865 0a70 ecified in the.p\n+0000ac40: 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 20e2 8098 5365 ackage...s ...Se\n+0000ac50: 6374 696f 6ee2 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c ction... control\n+0000ac60: 2066 6965 6c64 2028 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 field (see *not\n+0000ac70: 6520 5365 6374 696f 6e3a 2032 662e 292e e Section: 2f.).\n+0000ac80: 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c 0a74 6865 206d However,.the m\n+0000ac90: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 6f66 2074 6865 aintainer of the\n+0000aca0: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 6172 6368 6976 6520 Debian archive \n+0000acb0: 6d61 7920 6f76 6572 7269 6465 2074 6869 may override thi\n+0000acc0: 7320 7365 6c65 6374 696f 6e20 746f 0a65 s selection to.e\n+0000acd0: 6e73 7572 6520 7468 6520 636f 6e73 6973 nsure the consis\n+0000ace0: 7465 6e63 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2044 6562 tency of the Deb\n+0000acf0: 6961 6e20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e ian distribution\n+0000ad00: 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 5365 6374 696f . The ...Sectio\n+0000ad10: 6ee2 8099 2066 6965 6c64 0a73 686f 756c n... field.shoul\n+0000ad20: 6420 6265 206f 6620 7468 6520 666f 726d d be of the form\n+0000ad30: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2d20 2773 6563 7469 6f6e :.. - 'section\n+0000ad40: 2720 6966 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 ' if the package\n+0000ad50: 2069 7320 696e 2074 6865 2027 6d61 696e is in the 'main\n+0000ad60: 2720 6172 6368 6976 6520 6172 6561 2c0a ' archive area,.\n+0000ad70: 0a20 2020 2d20 2761 7265 612f 7365 6374 . - 'area/sect\n+0000ad80: 696f 6e27 2069 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b ion' if the pack\n+0000ad90: 6167 6520 6973 2069 6e20 7468 6520 276e age is in the 'n\n+0000ada0: 6f6e 2d66 7265 652d 6669 726d 7761 7265 on-free-firmware\n+0000adb0: 272c 0a20 2020 2020 2763 6f6e 7472 6962 ',. 'contrib\n+0000adc0: 2720 6f72 2027 6e6f 6e2d 6672 6565 2720 ' or 'non-free' \n+0000add0: 6172 6368 6976 6520 6172 6561 732e 0a0a archive areas...\n+0000ade0: 5468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2061 7263 6869 The Debian archi\n+0000adf0: 7665 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 2070 ve maintainers p\n+0000ae00: 726f 7669 6465 2074 6865 2061 7574 686f rovide the autho\n+0000ae10: 7269 7461 7469 7665 206c 6973 7420 6f66 ritative list of\n+0000ae20: 0a73 6563 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 4174 2070 .sections. At p\n+0000ae30: 7265 7365 6e74 2c20 7468 6579 2061 7265 resent, they are\n+0000ae40: 3a20 6164 6d69 6e2c 2063 6c69 2d6d 6f6e : admin, cli-mon\n+0000ae50: 6f2c 2063 6f6d 6d2c 2064 6174 6162 6173 o, comm, databas\n+0000ae60: 652c 2064 6562 7567 2c0a 6465 7665 6c2c e, debug,.devel,\n+0000ae70: 2064 6f63 2c20 6564 6974 6f72 732c 2065 doc, editors, e\n+0000ae80: 6475 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 656c 6563 7472 ducation, electr\n+0000ae90: 6f6e 6963 732c 2065 6d62 6564 6465 642c onics, embedded,\n+0000aea0: 2066 6f6e 7473 2c20 6761 6d65 732c 0a67 fonts, games,.g\n+0000aeb0: 6e6f 6d65 2c20 676e 752d 722c 2067 6e75 nome, gnu-r, gnu\n+0000aec0: 7374 6570 2c20 6772 6170 6869 6373 2c20 step, graphics, \n+0000aed0: 6861 6d72 6164 696f 2c20 6861 736b 656c hamradio, haskel\n+0000aee0: 6c2c 2068 7474 7064 2c20 696e 7465 7270 l, httpd, interp\n+0000aef0: 7265 7465 7273 2c0a 696e 7472 6f73 7065 reters,.introspe\n+0000af00: 6374 696f 6e2c 206a 6176 612c 206a 6176 ction, java, jav\n+0000af10: 6173 6372 6970 742c 206b 6465 2c20 6b65 ascript, kde, ke\n+0000af20: 726e 656c 2c20 6c69 6264 6576 656c 2c20 rnel, libdevel, \n+0000af30: 6c69 6273 2c20 6c69 7370 2c0a 6c6f 6361 libs, lisp,.loca\n+0000af40: 6c69 7a61 7469 6f6e 2c20 6d61 696c 2c20 lization, mail, \n+0000af50: 6d61 7468 2c20 6d65 7461 7061 636b 6167 math, metapackag\n+0000af60: 6573 2c20 6d69 7363 2c20 6e65 742c 206e es, misc, net, n\n+0000af70: 6577 732c 206f 6361 6d6c 2c20 6f6c 646c ews, ocaml, oldl\n+0000af80: 6962 732c 0a6f 7468 6572 6f73 6673 2c20 ibs,.otherosfs, \n+0000af90: 7065 726c 2c20 7068 702c 2070 7974 686f perl, php, pytho\n+0000afa0: 6e2c 2072 7562 792c 2072 7573 742c 2073 n, ruby, rust, s\n+0000afb0: 6369 656e 6365 2c20 7368 656c 6c73 2c20 cience, shells, \n+0000afc0: 736f 756e 642c 2074 6173 6b73 2c0a 7465 sound, tasks,.te\n+0000afd0: 782c 2074 6578 742c 2075 7469 6c73 2c20 x, text, utils, \n+0000afe0: 7663 732c 2076 6964 656f 2c20 7765 622c vcs, video, web,\n+0000aff0: 2078 3131 2c20 7866 6365 2c20 7a6f 7065 x11, xfce, zope\n+0000b000: 2e20 2054 6865 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 . The additiona\n+0000b010: 6c0a 7365 6374 696f 6e20 2764 6562 6961 l.section 'debia\n+0000b020: 6e2d 696e 7374 616c 6c65 7227 2063 6f6e n-installer' con\n+0000b030: 7461 696e 7320 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7061 tains special pa\n+0000b040: 636b 6167 6573 2075 7365 6420 6279 2074 ckages used by t\n+0000b050: 6865 0a69 6e73 7461 6c6c 6572 2061 6e64 he.installer and\n+0000b060: 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7573 6564 2066 6f72 is not used for\n+0000b070: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 4465 6269 616e 2070 normal Debian p\n+0000b080: 6163 6b61 6765 732e 0a0a 466f 7220 6d6f ackages...For mo\n+0000b090: 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 re information a\n+0000b0a0: 626f 7574 2074 6865 2073 6563 7469 6f6e bout the section\n+0000b0b0: 7320 616e 6420 7468 6569 7220 6465 6669 s and their defi\n+0000b0c0: 6e69 7469 6f6e 732c 2073 6565 2074 6865 nitions, see the\n+0000b0d0: 0a6c 6973 7420 6f66 2073 6563 7469 6f6e .list of section\n+0000b0e0: 7320 696e 2075 6e73 7461 626c 6528 3129 s in unstable(1)\n+0000b0f0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ... ----------\n+0000b100: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n+0000b110: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 6874 -----.. (1) ht\n+0000b120: 7470 733a 2f2f 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e64 tps://packages.d\n+0000b130: 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 756e 7374 6162 ebian.org/unstab\n+0000b140: 6c65 2f0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 le/....File: deb\n+0000b150: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n+0000b160: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5072 696f 7269 7469 Node: Prioriti\n+0000b170: 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2053 6563 7469 es, Prev: Secti\n+0000b180: 6f6e 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5468 6520 4465 ons, Up: The De\n+0000b190: 6269 616e 2041 7263 6869 7665 0a0a 322e bian Archive..2.\n+0000b1a0: 3520 5072 696f 7269 7469 6573 0a3d 3d3d 5 Priorities.===\n+0000b1b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a45 6163 ===========..Eac\n+0000b1c0: 6820 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d75 7374 2068 h package must h\n+0000b1d0: 6176 6520 6120 2770 7269 6f72 6974 7927 ave a 'priority'\n+0000b1e0: 2076 616c 7565 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6973 value, which is\n+0000b1f0: 2073 6574 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6d65 7461 set in the meta\n+0000b200: 6461 7461 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 2044 6562 data.for the Deb\n+0000b210: 6961 6e20 6172 6368 6976 6520 616e 6420 ian archive and \n+0000b220: 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 696e 636c 7564 6564 is also included\n+0000b230: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 65e2 in the package.\n+0000b240: 8099 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c0a 6669 6c65 ..s control.file\n+0000b250: 7320 2873 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2050 7269 s (see *note Pri\n+0000b260: 6f72 6974 793a 2033 322e 292e 2020 5468 ority: 32.). Th\n+0000b270: 6973 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2069 is information i\n+0000b280: 7320 7573 6564 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 726f s used to contro\n+0000b290: 6c0a 7768 6963 6820 7061 636b 6167 6573 l.which packages\n+0000b2a0: 2061 7265 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e are included in\n+0000b2b0: 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 6f72 206d 696e standard or min\n+0000b2c0: 696d 616c 2044 6562 6961 6e20 696e 7374 imal Debian inst\n+0000b2d0: 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 732e 0a0a 4d6f 7374 allations...Most\n+0000b2e0: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6573 Debian packages\n+0000b2f0: 2077 696c 6c20 6861 7665 2061 2070 7269 will have a pri\n+0000b300: 6f72 6974 7920 6f66 20e2 8098 6f70 7469 ority of ...opti\n+0000b310: 6f6e 616c e280 992e 2020 5072 696f 7269 onal.... 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T\n+0000bd00: 6869 7320 6973 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 his is the defau\n+0000bd10: 6c74 2070 7269 6f72 6974 7920 666f 7220 lt priority for \n+0000bd20: 7468 6520 6d61 6a6f 7269 7479 206f 6620 the majority of \n+0000bd30: 7468 6520 6172 6368 6976 652e 0a20 2020 the archive.. \n+0000bd40: 2020 556e 6c65 7373 2061 2070 6163 6b61 Unless a packa\n+0000bd50: 6765 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2069 6e73 ge should be ins\n+0000bd60: 7461 6c6c 6564 2062 7920 6465 6661 756c talled by defaul\n+0000bd70: 7420 6f6e 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 4465 t on standard De\n+0000bd80: 6269 616e 0a20 2020 2020 7379 7374 656d bian. system\n+0000bd90: 732c 2069 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 2068 6176 s, it should hav\n+0000bda0: 6520 6120 7072 696f 7269 7479 206f 6620 e a priority of \n+0000bdb0: e280 986f 7074 696f 6e61 6ce2 8099 2e20 ...optional.... \n+0000bdc0: 2050 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7769 7468 2061 Packages with a\n+0000bdd0: 0a20 2020 2020 7072 696f 7269 7479 206f . priority o\n+0000bde0: 6620 e280 986f 7074 696f 6e61 6ce2 8099 f ...optional...\n+0000bdf0: 206d 6179 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 7769 may conflict wi\n+0000be00: 7468 2065 6163 6820 6f74 6865 722e 0a0a th each other...\n+0000be10: e280 9865 7874 7261 e280 990a 0a20 2020 ...extra..... \n+0000be20: 2020 2754 6869 7320 7072 696f 7269 7479 'This priority\n+0000be30: 2069 7320 6465 7072 6563 6174 6564 2e27 is deprecated.'\n+0000be40: 2020 5573 6520 7468 6520 e280 986f 7074 Use the ...opt\n+0000be50: 696f 6e61 6ce2 8099 2070 7269 6f72 6974 ional... priorit\n+0000be60: 790a 2020 2020 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2e20 y. instead. \n+0000be70: 2054 6869 7320 7072 696f 7269 7479 2073 This priority s\n+0000be80: 686f 756c 6420 6265 2074 7265 6174 6564 hould be treated\n+0000be90: 2061 7320 6571 7569 7661 6c65 6e74 2074 as equivalent t\n+0000bea0: 6f0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6f70 7469 6f6e o. ...option\n+0000beb0: 616c e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 al...... The\n+0000bec0: 20e2 8098 6578 7472 61e2 8099 2070 7269 ...extra... pri\n+0000bed0: 6f72 6974 7920 7761 7320 7072 6576 696f ority was previo\n+0000bee0: 7573 6c79 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 7061 usly used for pa\n+0000bef0: 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 740a 2020 2020 ckages that. \n+0000bf00: 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7465 6420 7769 7468 conflicted with\n+0000bf10: 206f 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 other packages \n+0000bf20: 616e 6420 7061 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 and packages tha\n+0000bf30: 7420 7765 7265 206f 6e6c 7920 6c69 6b65 t were only like\n+0000bf40: 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 746f 2062 6520 7573 ly. to be us\n+0000bf50: 6566 756c 2074 6f20 7065 6f70 6c65 2077 eful to people w\n+0000bf60: 6974 6820 7370 6563 6961 6c69 7a65 6420 ith specialized \n+0000bf70: 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 2e20 2048 requirements. H\n+0000bf80: 6f77 6576 6572 2c0a 2020 2020 2074 6869 owever,. thi\n+0000bf90: 7320 6469 7374 696e 6374 696f 6e20 7761 s distinction wa\n+0000bfa0: 7320 736f 6d65 7768 6174 2061 7262 6974 s somewhat arbit\n+0000bfb0: 7261 7279 2c20 6e6f 7420 636f 6e73 6973 rary, not consis\n+0000bfc0: 7465 6e74 6c79 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 642c tently followed,\n+0000bfd0: 0a20 2020 2020 616e 6420 6e6f 7420 7573 . and not us\n+0000bfe0: 6566 756c 2065 6e6f 7567 6820 746f 2077 eful enough to w\n+0000bff0: 6172 7261 6e74 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e74 arrant the maint\n+0000c000: 656e 616e 6365 2065 6666 6f72 742e 0a0a enance effort...\n+0000c010: 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f ---------- Fo\n+0000c020: 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d otnotes --------\n+0000c030: 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 6869 7320 --.. (1) This \n+0000c040: 6973 2061 6e20 696d 706f 7274 616e 7420 is an important \n+0000c050: 6372 6974 6572 696f 6e20 6265 6361 7573 criterion becaus\n+0000c060: 6520 7765 2061 7265 2074 7279 696e 6720 e we are trying \n+0000c070: 746f 2070 726f 6475 6365 2c0a 616d 6f6e to produce,.amon\n+0000c080: 6773 7420 6f74 6865 7220 7468 696e 6773 gst other things\n+0000c090: 2c20 6120 6672 6565 2055 6e69 782e 0a0a , a free Unix...\n+0000c0a0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n+0000c0b0: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n+0000c0c0: 653a 2042 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 e: Binary packag\n+0000c0d0: 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 6f75 7263 es, Next: Sourc\n+0000c0e0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 2050 7265 e packages, Pre\n+0000c0f0: 763a 2054 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 4172 v: The Debian Ar\n+0000c100: 6368 6976 652c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a chive, Up: Top.\n+0000c110: 0a33 2042 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 .3 Binary packag\n+0000c120: 6573 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a es.*************\n+0000c130: 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 5468 6520 4465 6269 616e ****..The Debian\n+0000c140: 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e20 6973 distribution is\n+0000c150: 2062 6173 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 4465 based on the De\n+0000c160: 6269 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d 616e bian package man\n+0000c170: 6167 656d 656e 740a 7379 7374 656d 2c20 agement.system, \n+0000c180: 6361 6c6c 6564 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 called ...dpkg..\n+0000c190: 992e 2020 5468 7573 2c20 616c 6c20 7061 .. 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In.th\n+0000cd20: 6973 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 2074 6865 is situation the\n+0000cd30: 20e2 8098 2d6f 6666 656e 7369 7665 e280 ...-offensive..\n+0000cd40: 9920 7061 636b 6167 6520 6361 6e20 6265 . package can be\n+0000cd50: 2053 7567 6765 7374 6564 2062 7920 7468 Suggested by th\n+0000cd60: 6520 636f 7265 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2873 e core.package(s\n+0000cd70: 292c 2062 7574 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f ), but should no\n+0000cd80: 7420 6265 2052 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 t be Recommended\n+0000cd90: 206f 7220 4465 7065 6e64 6564 206f 6e2e or Depended on.\n+0000cda0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e ....File: debian\n+0000cdb0: 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e -policy.info, N\n+0000cdc0: 6f64 653a 2054 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e ode: The version\n+0000cdd0: 206f 6620 6120 7061 636b 6167 652c 2020 of a package, \n+0000cde0: 4e65 7874 3a20 5468 6520 6d61 696e 7461 Next: The mainta\n+0000cdf0: 696e 6572 206f 6620 6120 7061 636b 6167 iner of a packag\n+0000ce00: 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5468 6520 7061 e, Prev: The pa\n+0000ce10: 636b 6167 6520 6e61 6d65 2c20 2055 703a ckage name, Up:\n+0000ce20: 2042 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 Binary packages\n+0000ce30: 0a0a 332e 3220 5468 6520 7665 7273 696f ..3.2 The versio\n+0000ce40: 6e20 6f66 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a3d n of a package.=\n+0000ce50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0000ce60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a45 7665 ===========..Eve\n+0000ce70: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 6173 2061 ry package has a\n+0000ce80: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7220 version number \n+0000ce90: 7265 636f 7264 6564 2069 6e20 6974 7320 recorded in its \n+0000cea0: e280 9856 6572 7369 6f6e e280 9920 636f ...Version... co\n+0000ceb0: 6e74 726f 6c0a 6669 6c65 2066 6965 6c64 ntrol.file field\n+0000cec0: 2c20 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 696e 202a , described in *\n+0000ced0: 6e6f 7465 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 3a20 3431 note Version: 41\n+0000cee0: 2e0a 0a54 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d ...The package m\n+0000cef0: 616e 6167 656d 656e 7420 7379 7374 656d anagement system\n+0000cf00: 2069 6d70 6f73 6573 2061 6e20 6f72 6465 imposes an orde\n+0000cf10: 7269 6e67 206f 6e20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 ring on version \n+0000cf20: 6e75 6d62 6572 732c 2073 6f0a 7468 6174 numbers, so.that\n+0000cf30: 2069 7420 6361 6e20 7465 6c6c 2077 6865 it can tell whe\n+0000cf40: 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6172 ther packages ar\n+0000cf50: 6520 6265 696e 6720 7570 2d20 6f72 2064 e being up- or d\n+0000cf60: 6f77 6e67 7261 6465 6420 616e 6420 736f owngraded and so\n+0000cf70: 0a74 6861 7420 7061 636b 6167 6520 7379 .that package sy\n+0000cf80: 7374 656d 2066 726f 6e74 2065 6e64 2061 stem front end a\n+0000cf90: 7070 6c69 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 6361 6e20 pplications can \n+0000cfa0: 7465 6c6c 2077 6865 7468 6572 2061 2070 tell whether a p\n+0000cfb0: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 740a 6669 6e64 7320 ackage it.finds \n+0000cfc0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6973 206e 6577 available is new\n+0000cfd0: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7468 6520 6f6e 6520 er than the one \n+0000cfe0: 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 installed on the\n+0000cff0: 2073 7973 7465 6d2e 2020 5468 650a 7665 system. The.ve\n+0000d000: 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 2066 6f72 rsion number for\n+0000d010: 6d61 7420 6861 7320 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 mat has the most\n+0000d020: 2073 6967 6e69 6669 6361 6e74 2070 6172 significant par\n+0000d030: 7473 2028 6173 2066 6172 2061 730a 636f ts (as far as.co\n+0000d040: 6d70 6172 6973 6f6e 2069 7320 636f 6e63 mparison is conc\n+0000d050: 6572 6e65 6429 2061 7420 7468 6520 6265 erned) at the be\n+0000d060: 6769 6e6e 696e 672e 0a0a 4966 2061 6e20 ginning...If an \n+0000d070: 7570 7374 7265 616d 2070 6163 6b61 6765 upstream package\n+0000d080: 2068 6173 2070 726f 626c 656d 6174 6963 has problematic\n+0000d090: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7273 version numbers\n+0000d0a0: 2074 6865 7920 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 650a they should be.\n+0000d0b0: 636f 6e76 6572 7465 6420 746f 2061 2073 converted to a s\n+0000d0c0: 616e 6520 666f 726d 2066 6f72 2075 7365 ane form for use\n+0000d0d0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9856 6572 7369 in the ...Versi\n+0000d0e0: 6f6e e280 9920 6669 656c 642e 0a0a 2a20 on... field...* \n+0000d0f0: 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e Menu:..* Version\n+0000d100: 206e 756d 6265 7273 2062 6173 6564 206f numbers based o\n+0000d110: 6e20 6461 7465 733a 3a0a 2a20 556e 6971 n dates::.* Uniq\n+0000d120: 7565 6e65 7373 206f 6620 7665 7273 696f ueness of versio\n+0000d130: 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 733a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 n numbers::....F\n+0000d140: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n+0000d150: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n+0000d160: 5665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 Version numbers \n+0000d170: 6261 7365 6420 6f6e 2064 6174 6573 2c20 based on dates, \n+0000d180: 204e 6578 743a 2055 6e69 7175 656e 6573 Next: Uniquenes\n+0000d190: 7320 6f66 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d s of version num\n+0000d1a0: 6265 7273 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6865 2076 bers, Up: The v\n+0000d1b0: 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 6120 7061 636b ersion of a pack\n+0000d1c0: 6167 650a 0a33 2e32 2e31 2056 6572 7369 age..3.2.1 Versi\n+0000d1d0: 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7273 2062 6173 6564 on numbers based\n+0000d1e0: 206f 6e20 6461 7465 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d on dates.------\n+0000d1f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0000d200: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n+0000d210: 496e 2067 656e 6572 616c 2c20 4465 6269 In general, Debi\n+0000d220: 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7368 6f75 an packages shou\n+0000d230: 6c64 2075 7365 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 ld use the same \n+0000d240: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 version numbers \n+0000d250: 6173 2074 6865 0a75 7073 7472 6561 6d20 as the.upstream \n+0000d260: 736f 7572 6365 732e 2020 486f 7765 7665 sources. Howeve\n+0000d270: 722c 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 7665 7273 r, upstream vers\n+0000d280: 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 6261 7365 ion numbers base\n+0000d290: 6420 6f6e 2073 6f6d 6520 6461 7465 0a66 d on some date.f\n+0000d2a0: 6f72 6d61 7473 2028 736f 6d65 7469 6d65 ormats (sometime\n+0000d2b0: 7320 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2064 6576 656c s used for devel\n+0000d2c0: 6f70 6d65 6e74 206f 7220 e280 9c73 6e61 opment or ...sna\n+0000d2d0: 7073 686f 74e2 809d 2072 656c 6561 7365 pshot... release\n+0000d2e0: 7329 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 740a 6265 206f s) will not.be o\n+0000d2f0: 7264 6572 6564 2063 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 rdered correctly\n+0000d300: 2062 7920 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 by the package \n+0000d310: 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 2073 6f66 7477 management softw\n+0000d320: 6172 652e 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c are. For exampl\n+0000d330: 652c 0ae2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 7769 e,....dpkg... wi\n+0000d340: 6c6c 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7220 e280 9c39 ll consider ...9\n+0000d350: 364d 6179 3031 e280 9d20 746f 2062 6520 6May01... to be \n+0000d360: 6772 6561 7465 7220 7468 616e 20e2 809c greater than ...\n+0000d370: 3936 4465 6332 34e2 809d 2e0a 0a54 6f20 96Dec24......To \n+0000d380: 7072 6576 656e 7420 6861 7669 6e67 2074 prevent having t\n+0000d390: 6f20 7573 6520 6570 6f63 6873 2066 6f72 o use epochs for\n+0000d3a0: 2065 7665 7279 206e 6577 2075 7073 7472 every new upstr\n+0000d3b0: 6561 6d20 7665 7273 696f 6e2c 2074 6865 eam version, the\n+0000d3c0: 0a64 6174 652d 6261 7365 6420 706f 7274 .date-based port\n+0000d3d0: 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 6e79 2075 7073 7472 ion of any upstr\n+0000d3e0: 6561 6d20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 eam version numb\n+0000d3f0: 6572 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2067 6976 er should be giv\n+0000d400: 656e 2069 6e20 610a 7761 7920 7468 6174 en in a.way that\n+0000d410: 2073 6f72 7473 2063 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 sorts correctly\n+0000d420: 3a20 666f 7572 2d64 6967 6974 2079 6561 : four-digit yea\n+0000d430: 7220 6669 7273 742c 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 r first, followe\n+0000d440: 6420 6279 2061 2074 776f 2d64 6967 6974 d by a two-digit\n+0000d450: 0a6e 756d 6572 6963 206d 6f6e 7468 2c20 .numeric month, \n+0000d460: 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 7920 6120 7477 followed by a tw\n+0000d470: 6f2d 6469 6769 7420 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 o-digit numeric \n+0000d480: 6461 7465 2c20 706f 7373 6962 6c79 2077 date, possibly w\n+0000d490: 6974 680a 7075 6e63 7475 6174 696f 6e20 ith.punctuation \n+0000d4a0: 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6d70 between the comp\n+0000d4b0: 6f6e 656e 7473 2e0a 0a4e 6174 6976 6520 onents...Native \n+0000d4c0: 4465 6269 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 Debian packages \n+0000d4d0: 2869 2e65 2e2c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 (i.e., packages \n+0000d4e0: 7768 6963 6820 6861 7665 2062 6565 6e20 which have been \n+0000d4f0: 7772 6974 7465 6e0a 6573 7065 6369 616c written.especial\n+0000d500: 6c79 2066 6f72 2044 6562 6961 6e29 2077 ly for Debian) w\n+0000d510: 686f 7365 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d hose version num\n+0000d520: 6265 7273 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2064 6174 bers include dat\n+0000d530: 6573 2073 686f 756c 6420 616c 736f 0a66 es should also.f\n+0000d540: 6f6c 6c6f 7720 7468 6573 6520 7275 6c65 ollow these rule\n+0000d550: 732e 2020 4966 2070 756e 6374 7561 7469 s. If punctuati\n+0000d560: 6f6e 2069 7320 6465 7369 7265 6420 6265 on is desired be\n+0000d570: 7477 6565 6e20 7468 6520 6461 7465 0a63 tween the date.c\n+0000d580: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 732c 2072 656d 656d omponents, remem\n+0000d590: 6265 7220 7468 6174 2068 7970 6865 6e20 ber that hyphen \n+0000d5a0: 28e2 8098 2de2 8099 2920 6361 6e6e 6f74 (...-...) cannot\n+0000d5b0: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2069 6e20 6e61 7469 be used in nati\n+0000d5c0: 7665 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 0a6e 756d 6265 ve version.numbe\n+0000d5d0: 7273 2e20 2050 6572 696f 6420 28e2 8098 rs. Period (...\n+0000d5e0: 2ee2 8099 2920 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c ....) is normall\n+0000d5f0: 7920 6120 676f 6f64 2063 686f 6963 652e y a good choice.\n+0000d600: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e ....File: debian\n+0000d610: 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e -policy.info, N\n+0000d620: 6f64 653a 2055 6e69 7175 656e 6573 7320 ode: Uniqueness \n+0000d630: 6f66 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 of version numbe\n+0000d640: 7273 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2056 6572 7369 rs, Prev: Versi\n+0000d650: 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7273 2062 6173 6564 on numbers based\n+0000d660: 206f 6e20 6461 7465 732c 2020 5570 3a20 on dates, Up: \n+0000d670: 5468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 The version of a\n+0000d680: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a0a 332e 322e 3220 package..3.2.2 \n+0000d690: 556e 6971 7565 6e65 7373 206f 6620 7665 Uniqueness of ve\n+0000d6a0: 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 730a 2d2d rsion numbers.--\n+0000d6b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0000d6c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0000d6d0: 2d0a 0a54 6865 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 -..The part of t\n+0000d6e0: 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 he version numbe\n+0000d6f0: 7220 6166 7465 7220 7468 6520 6570 6f63 r after the epoc\n+0000d700: 6820 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2062 6520 7265 h must not be re\n+0000d710: 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2061 0a76 6572 7369 used for a.versi\n+0000d720: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 on of the packag\n+0000d730: 6520 7769 7468 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 e with different\n+0000d740: 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 6f6e 6365 2074 contents once t\n+0000d750: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 6173 2062 he package has b\n+0000d760: 6565 6e0a 6163 6365 7074 6564 2069 6e74 een.accepted int\n+0000d770: 6f20 7468 6520 6172 6368 6976 652c 2065 o the archive, e\n+0000d780: 7665 6e20 6966 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 ven if the versi\n+0000d790: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 on of the packag\n+0000d7a0: 6520 7072 6576 696f 7573 6c79 0a75 7369 e previously.usi\n+0000d7b0: 6e67 2074 6861 7420 7061 7274 206f 6620 ng that part of \n+0000d7c0: 7468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 the version numb\n+0000d7d0: 6572 2069 7320 6e6f 206c 6f6e 6765 7220 er is no longer \n+0000d7e0: 7072 6573 656e 7420 696e 2061 6e79 0a61 present in any.a\n+0000d7f0: 7263 6869 7665 2073 7569 7465 732e 0a0a rchive suites...\n+0000d800: 5468 6973 2075 6e69 7175 656e 6573 7320 This uniqueness \n+0000d810: 7265 7175 6972 656d 656e 7420 6170 706c requirement appl\n+0000d820: 6965 7320 746f 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 ies to the versi\n+0000d830: 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7273 206f 6620 736f on numbers of so\n+0000d840: 7572 6365 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 7320 616e urce.packages an\n+0000d850: 6420 6f66 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b d of binary pack\n+0000d860: 6167 6573 2c20 6576 656e 2069 6620 7468 ages, even if th\n+0000d870: 6520 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e source package\n+0000d880: 2070 726f 6475 6369 6e67 2061 0a67 6976 producing a.giv\n+0000d890: 656e 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 en binary packag\n+0000d8a0: 6520 6368 616e 6765 732e 2020 5468 7573 e changes. 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(1) If.one\n+0000e1f0: 2070 6572 736f 6e20 6f72 2074 6561 6d20 person or team \n+0000e200: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 7320 7365 7665 7261 maintains severa\n+0000e210: 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 7468 6579 l packages, they\n+0000e220: 2073 686f 756c 6420 7573 6520 7468 6520 should use the \n+0000e230: 7361 6d65 0a66 6f72 6d20 6f66 2074 6865 same.form of the\n+0000e240: 6972 206e 616d 6520 616e 6420 656d 6169 ir name and emai\n+0000e250: 6c20 6164 6472 6573 7320 696e 2074 6865 l address in the\n+0000e260: 20e2 8098 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 e280 ...Maintainer..\n+0000e270: 9920 6669 656c 6473 206f 6620 7468 6f73 . fields of thos\n+0000e280: 650a 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e0a 0a54 6865 e.packages...The\n+0000e290: 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6f66 2074 6865 20e2 format of the .\n+0000e2a0: 8098 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 e280 9920 ..Maintainer... \n+0000e2b0: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 656c 6420 6973 control field is\n+0000e2c0: 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 2069 6e20 2a6e described in *n\n+0000e2d0: 6f74 650a 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 3a20 ote.Maintainer: \n+0000e2e0: 3439 2e0a 0a49 6620 7468 6520 6d61 696e 49...If the main\n+0000e2f0: 7461 696e 6572 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 tainer of the pa\n+0000e300: 636b 6167 6520 6973 2061 2074 6561 6d20 ckage is a team \n+0000e310: 6f66 2070 656f 706c 6520 7769 7468 2061 of people with a\n+0000e320: 2073 6861 7265 6420 656d 6169 6c0a 6164 shared email.ad\n+0000e330: 6472 6573 732c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 5570 dress, the ...Up\n+0000e340: 6c6f 6164 6572 73e2 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 loaders... contr\n+0000e350: 6f6c 2066 6965 6c64 206d 7573 7420 6265 ol field must be\n+0000e360: 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2061 6e64 206d 7573 present and mus\n+0000e370: 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e0a 6174 206c 6561 t contain.at lea\n+0000e380: 7374 206f 6e65 2068 756d 616e 2077 6974 st one human wit\n+0000e390: 6820 7468 6569 7220 7065 7273 6f6e 616c h their personal\n+0000e3a0: 2065 6d61 696c 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e20 email address. \n+0000e3b0: 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 0a55 706c 6f61 See *note.Uploa\n+0000e3c0: 6465 7273 3a20 3461 2e20 666f 7220 7468 ders: 4a. for th\n+0000e3d0: 6520 7379 6e74 6178 206f 6620 7468 6174 e syntax of that\n+0000e3e0: 2066 6965 6c64 2e0a 0a41 6e20 6f72 7068 field...An orph\n+0000e3f0: 616e 6564 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 aned package is \n+0000e400: 6f6e 6520 7769 7468 206e 6f20 6375 7272 one with no curr\n+0000e410: 656e 7420 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2e20 ent maintainer. \n+0000e420: 204f 7270 6861 6e65 640a 7061 636b 6167 Orphaned.packag\n+0000e430: 6573 2073 686f 756c 6420 6861 7665 2074 es should have t\n+0000e440: 6865 6972 20e2 8098 4d61 696e 7461 696e heir ...Maintain\n+0000e450: 6572 e280 9920 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 er... control fi\n+0000e460: 656c 6420 7365 7420 746f 20e2 8098 4465 eld set to ...De\n+0000e470: 6269 616e 2051 410a 4772 6f75 7020 3c70 bian QA.Group .... Thes\n+0000e4a0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 7265 2063 e packages are c\n+0000e4b0: 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 640a 6d61 696e 7461 onsidered.mainta\n+0000e4c0: 696e 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4465 6269 ined by the Debi\n+0000e4d0: 616e 2070 726f 6a65 6374 2061 7320 6120 an project as a \n+0000e4e0: 7768 6f6c 6520 756e 7469 6c20 736f 6d65 whole until some\n+0000e4f0: 6f6e 6520 656c 7365 0a76 6f6c 756e 7465 one else.volunte\n+0000e500: 6572 7320 746f 2074 616b 6520 6f76 6572 ers to take over\n+0000e510: 206d 6169 6e74 656e 616e 6365 2e20 2028 maintenance. (\n+0000e520: 3229 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2).. ---------\n+0000e530: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n+0000e540: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2041 ------.. (1) A\n+0000e550: 2073 616d 706c 6520 696d 706c 656d 656e sample implemen\n+0000e560: 7461 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7375 6368 2061 tation of such a\n+0000e570: 2077 6869 7465 6c69 7374 2077 7269 7474 whitelist writt\n+0000e580: 656e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a4d 6169 6c6d en for the.Mailm\n+0000e590: 616e 206d 6169 6c69 6e67 206c 6973 7420 an mailing list \n+0000e5a0: 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 2073 6f66 7477 management softw\n+0000e5b0: 6172 6520 6973 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 are is used for \n+0000e5c0: 6d61 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 730a 686f mailing lists.ho\n+0000e5d0: 7374 6564 2062 7920 e280 9868 7474 7073 sted by ...https\n+0000e5e0: 3a2f 2f61 6c69 6f74 682d 6c69 7374 732e ://alioth-lists.\n+0000e5f0: 6465 6269 616e 2e6e 6574 2fe2 8099 2e0a debian.net/.....\n+0000e600: 0a20 2020 2832 2920 5468 6520 6465 7461 . (2) The deta\n+0000e610: 696c 6564 2070 726f 6365 6475 7265 2066 iled procedure f\n+0000e620: 6f72 2067 7261 6365 6675 6c6c 7920 6f72 or gracefully or\n+0000e630: 7068 616e 696e 6720 6120 7061 636b 6167 phaning a packag\n+0000e640: 6520 6361 6e20 6265 0a66 6f75 6e64 2069 e can be.found i\n+0000e650: 6e20 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2044 6576 n the Debian Dev\n+0000e660: 656c 6f70 6572 e280 9973 2052 6566 6572 eloper...s Refer\n+0000e670: 656e 6365 2028 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 ence (see *note \n+0000e680: 5265 6c61 7465 6420 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 Related document\n+0000e690: 733a 0a31 312e 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 s:.11.).....File\n+0000e6a0: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n+0000e6b0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2054 6865 info, Node: The\n+0000e6c0: 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 description of \n+0000e6d0: 6120 7061 636b 6167 652c 2020 4e65 7874 a package, Next\n+0000e6e0: 3a20 4465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2c20 : Dependencies, \n+0000e6f0: 2050 7265 763a 2054 6865 206d 6169 6e74 Prev: The maint\n+0000e700: 6169 6e65 7220 6f66 2061 2070 6163 6b61 ainer of a packa\n+0000e710: 6765 2c20 2055 703a 2042 696e 6172 7920 ge, Up: Binary \n+0000e720: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 332e 3420 5468 packages..3.4 Th\n+0000e730: 6520 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e20 6f66 e description of\n+0000e740: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d a package.=====\n+0000e750: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0000e760: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a45 7665 ===========..Eve\n+0000e770: 7279 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b 6167 ry Debian packag\n+0000e780: 6520 6d75 7374 2068 6176 6520 6120 e280 e must have a ..\n+0000e790: 9844 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e e280 9920 .Description... \n+0000e7a0: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 656c 6420 7768 control field wh\n+0000e7b0: 6963 680a 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2061 2073 ich.contains a s\n+0000e7c0: 796e 6f70 7369 7320 616e 6420 6578 7465 ynopsis and exte\n+0000e7d0: 6e64 6564 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e nded description\n+0000e7e0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 652e of the package.\n+0000e7f0: 2020 5465 6368 6e69 6361 6c0a 696e 666f Technical.info\n+0000e800: 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 7468 rmation about th\n+0000e810: 6520 666f 726d 6174 206f 6620 7468 6520 e format of the \n+0000e820: e280 9844 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e e280 ...Description..\n+0000e830: 9920 6669 656c 6420 6973 2069 6e20 2a6e . field is in *n\n+0000e840: 6f74 650a 4465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e3a ote.Description:\n+0000e850: 2034 642e 0a0a 5468 6520 6465 7363 7269 4d...The descri\n+0000e860: 7074 696f 6e20 7368 6f75 6c64 2064 6573 ption should des\n+0000e870: 6372 6962 6520 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 cribe the packag\n+0000e880: 6520 2874 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d 2920 e (the program) \n+0000e890: 746f 2061 2075 7365 720a 2873 7973 7465 to a user.(syste\n+0000e8a0: 6d20 6164 6d69 6e69 7374 7261 746f 7229 m administrator)\n+0000e8b0: 2077 686f 2068 6173 206e 6576 6572 206d who has never m\n+0000e8c0: 6574 2069 7420 6265 666f 7265 2073 6f20 et it before so \n+0000e8d0: 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 6861 7665 0a65 that they have.e\n+0000e8e0: 6e6f 7567 6820 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f nough informatio\n+0000e8f0: 6e20 746f 2064 6563 6964 6520 7768 6574 n to decide whet\n+0000e900: 6865 7220 7468 6579 2077 616e 7420 746f her they want to\n+0000e910: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2069 742e 2020 5468 install it. Th\n+0000e920: 6973 0a64 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 2073 is.description s\n+0000e930: 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 6a75 7374 2062 hould not just b\n+0000e940: 6520 636f 7069 6564 2076 6572 6261 7469 e copied verbati\n+0000e950: 6d20 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2070 726f 6772 m from the progr\n+0000e960: 616d e280 9973 0a64 6f63 756d 656e 7461 am...s.documenta\n+0000e970: 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a50 7574 2069 6d70 6f72 tion...Put impor\n+0000e980: 7461 6e74 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e tant information\n+0000e990: 2066 6972 7374 2c20 626f 7468 2069 6e20 first, both in \n+0000e9a0: 7468 6520 7379 6e6f 7073 6973 2061 6e64 the synopsis and\n+0000e9b0: 2065 7874 656e 6465 640a 6465 7363 7269 extended.descri\n+0000e9c0: 7074 696f 6e2e 2020 536f 6d65 7469 6d65 ption. Sometime\n+0000e9d0: 7320 6f6e 6c79 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 s only the first\n+0000e9e0: 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2073 796e part of the syn\n+0000e9f0: 6f70 7369 7320 6f72 206f 6620 7468 650a opsis or of the.\n+0000ea00: 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e20 7769 6c6c description will\n+0000ea10: 2062 6520 6469 7370 6c61 7965 642e 2020 be displayed. \n+0000ea20: 596f 7520 6361 6e20 6173 7375 6d65 2074 You can assume t\n+0000ea30: 6861 7420 7468 6572 6520 7769 6c6c 2075 hat there will u\n+0000ea40: 7375 616c 6c79 0a62 6520 6120 7761 7920 sually.be a way \n+0000ea50: 746f 2073 6565 2074 6865 2077 686f 6c65 to see the whole\n+0000ea60: 2065 7874 656e 6465 6420 6465 7363 7269 extended descri\n+0000ea70: 7074 696f 6e2e 0a0a 5468 6520 6465 7363 ption...The desc\n+0000ea80: 7269 7074 696f 6e20 7368 6f75 6c64 2061 ription should a\n+0000ea90: 6c73 6f20 6769 7665 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 lso give informa\n+0000eaa0: 7469 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 2074 6865 2073 tion about the s\n+0000eab0: 6967 6e69 6669 6361 6e74 0a64 6570 656e ignificant.depen\n+0000eac0: 6465 6e63 6965 7320 616e 6420 636f 6e66 dencies and conf\n+0000ead0: 6c69 6374 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7468 licts between th\n+0000eae0: 6973 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 6e64 206f is package and o\n+0000eaf0: 7468 6572 732c 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2074 thers, so that t\n+0000eb00: 6865 0a75 7365 7220 6b6e 6f77 7320 7768 he.user knows wh\n+0000eb10: 7920 7468 6573 6520 6465 7065 6e64 656e y these dependen\n+0000eb20: 6369 6573 2061 6e64 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 cies and conflic\n+0000eb30: 7473 2068 6176 6520 6265 656e 2064 6563 ts have been dec\n+0000eb40: 6c61 7265 642e 0a0a 496e 7374 7275 6374 lared...Instruct\n+0000eb50: 696f 6e73 2066 6f72 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 ions for configu\n+0000eb60: 7269 6e67 206f 7220 7573 696e 6720 7468 ring or using th\n+0000eb70: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 e package should\n+0000eb80: 206e 6f74 2062 6520 696e 636c 7564 6564 not be included\n+0000eb90: 0a28 7468 6174 2069 7320 7768 6174 2069 .(that is what i\n+0000eba0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 7363 7269 nstallation scri\n+0000ebb0: 7074 732c 206d 616e 7561 6c20 7061 6765 pts, manual page\n+0000ebc0: 732c 2069 6e66 6f20 6669 6c65 732c 2065 s, info files, e\n+0000ebd0: 7463 2e2c 2061 7265 0a66 6f72 292e 2020 tc., are.for). \n+0000ebe0: 436f 7079 7269 6768 7420 7374 6174 656d Copyright statem\n+0000ebf0: 656e 7473 2061 6e64 206f 7468 6572 2061 ents and other a\n+0000ec00: 646d 696e 6973 7472 6976 6961 2073 686f dministrivia sho\n+0000ec10: 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 6265 0a69 6e63 6c75 uld not be.inclu\n+0000ec20: 6465 6420 6569 7468 6572 2028 7468 6174 ded either (that\n+0000ec30: 2069 7320 7768 6174 2074 6865 2063 6f70 is what the cop\n+0000ec40: 7972 6967 6874 2066 696c 6520 6973 2066 yright file is f\n+0000ec50: 6f72 292e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a or)...* Menu:..*\n+0000ec60: 2054 6865 2073 696e 676c 6520 6c69 6e65 The single line\n+0000ec70: 2073 796e 6f70 7369 733a 3a0a 2a20 5468 synopsis::.* Th\n+0000ec80: 6520 6578 7465 6e64 6564 2064 6573 6372 e extended descr\n+0000ec90: 6970 7469 6f6e 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 iption::....File\n+0000eca0: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n+0000ecb0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2054 6865 info, Node: The\n+0000ecc0: 2073 696e 676c 6520 6c69 6e65 2073 796e single line syn\n+0000ecd0: 6f70 7369 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5468 opsis, Next: Th\n+0000ece0: 6520 6578 7465 6e64 6564 2064 6573 6372 e extended descr\n+0000ecf0: 6970 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6865 iption, Up: The\n+0000ed00: 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 description of \n+0000ed10: 6120 7061 636b 6167 650a 0a33 2e34 2e31 a package..3.4.1\n+0000ed20: 2054 6865 2073 696e 676c 6520 6c69 6e65 The single line\n+0000ed30: 2073 796e 6f70 7369 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d synopsis.------\n+0000ed40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0000ed50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 7369 --------..The si\n+0000ed60: 6e67 6c65 206c 696e 6520 7379 6e6f 7073 ngle line synops\n+0000ed70: 6973 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 206b 6570 is should be kep\n+0000ed80: 7420 6272 6965 66e2 8094 6365 7274 6169 t brief...certai\n+0000ed90: 6e6c 7920 756e 6465 7220 3830 0a63 6861 nly under 80.cha\n+0000eda0: 7261 6374 6572 732e 0a0a 446f 206e 6f74 racters...Do not\n+0000edb0: 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2074 6865 2070 6163 include the pac\n+0000edc0: 6b61 6765 206e 616d 6520 696e 2074 6865 kage name in the\n+0000edd0: 2073 796e 6f70 7369 7320 6c69 6e65 2e20 synopsis line. \n+0000ede0: 2054 6865 2064 6973 706c 6179 0a73 6f66 The display.sof\n+0000edf0: 7477 6172 6520 6b6e 6f77 7320 686f 7720 tware knows how \n+0000ee00: 746f 2064 6973 706c 6179 2074 6869 7320 to display this \n+0000ee10: 616c 7265 6164 792c 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 already, and you\n+0000ee20: 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 do not need to \n+0000ee30: 7374 6174 650a 6974 2e20 2052 656d 656d state.it. Remem\n+0000ee40: 6265 7220 7468 6174 2069 6e20 6d61 6e79 ber that in many\n+0000ee50: 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 7320 7468 6520 situations the \n+0000ee60: 7573 6572 206d 6179 206f 6e6c 7920 7365 user may only se\n+0000ee70: 6520 7468 6520 7379 6e6f 7073 6973 0a6c e the synopsis.l\n+0000ee80: 696e 6520 2d20 6d61 6b65 2069 7420 6173 ine - make it as\n+0000ee90: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 2061 7320 informative as \n+0000eea0: 796f 7520 6361 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 you can.....File\n+0000eeb0: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n+0000eec0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2054 6865 info, Node: The\n+0000eed0: 2065 7874 656e 6465 6420 6465 7363 7269 extended descri\n+0000eee0: 7074 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5468 ption, Prev: Th\n+0000eef0: 6520 7369 6e67 6c65 206c 696e 6520 7379 e single line sy\n+0000ef00: 6e6f 7073 6973 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6865 nopsis, Up: The\n+0000ef10: 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 description of \n+0000ef20: 6120 7061 636b 6167 650a 0a33 2e34 2e32 a package..3.4.2\n+0000ef30: 2054 6865 2065 7874 656e 6465 6420 6465 The extended de\n+0000ef40: 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d scription.------\n+0000ef50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0000ef60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 446f 206e 6f74 --------..Do not\n+0000ef70: 2074 7279 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 696e 7565 try to continue\n+0000ef80: 2074 6865 2073 696e 676c 6520 6c69 6e65 the single line\n+0000ef90: 2073 796e 6f70 7369 7320 696e 746f 2074 synopsis into t\n+0000efa0: 6865 2065 7874 656e 6465 640a 6465 7363 he extended.desc\n+0000efb0: 7269 7074 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 6973 2077 ription. This w\n+0000efc0: 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 776f 726b 2063 6f72 ill not work cor\n+0000efd0: 7265 6374 6c79 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6520 rectly when the \n+0000efe0: 6675 6c6c 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e full description\n+0000eff0: 2069 730a 6469 7370 6c61 7965 642c 2061 is.displayed, a\n+0000f000: 6e64 206d 616b 6573 206e 6f20 7365 6e73 nd makes no sens\n+0000f010: 6520 7768 6572 6520 6f6e 6c79 2074 6865 e where only the\n+0000f020: 2073 756d 6d61 7279 2028 7468 6520 7369 summary (the si\n+0000f030: 6e67 6c65 206c 696e 650a 7379 6e6f 7073 ngle line.synops\n+0000f040: 6973 2920 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 is) is available\n+0000f050: 2e0a 0a54 6865 2065 7874 656e 6465 6420 ...The extended \n+0000f060: 6465 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e20 7368 6f75 description shou\n+0000f070: 6c64 2064 6573 6372 6962 6520 7768 6174 ld describe what\n+0000f080: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2064 6f65 the package doe\n+0000f090: 7320 616e 6420 686f 770a 6974 2072 656c s and how.it rel\n+0000f0a0: 6174 6573 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7265 7374 ates to the rest\n+0000f0b0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 2028 of the system (\n+0000f0c0: 696e 2074 6572 6d73 206f 662c 2066 6f72 in terms of, for\n+0000f0d0: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 7768 6963 680a example, which.\n+0000f0e0: 7375 6273 7973 7465 6d20 6974 2069 7320 subsystem it is \n+0000f0f0: 7768 6963 6820 7061 7274 206f 6629 2e0a which part of)..\n+0000f100: 0a54 6865 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e .The description\n+0000f110: 2066 6965 6c64 206e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 field needs to \n+0000f120: 6d61 6b65 2073 656e 7365 2074 6f20 616e make sense to an\n+0000f130: 796f 6e65 2c20 6576 656e 2070 656f 706c yone, even peopl\n+0000f140: 6520 7768 6f0a 6861 7665 206e 6f20 6964 e who.have no id\n+0000f150: 6561 2061 626f 7574 2061 6e79 206f 6620 ea about any of \n+0000f160: 7468 6520 7468 696e 6773 2074 6865 2070 the things the p\n+0000f170: 6163 6b61 6765 2064 6561 6c73 2077 6974 ackage deals wit\n+0000f180: 682e 2020 2831 290a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d h. (1).. ----\n+0000f190: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 ------ Footnotes\n+0000f1a0: 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 ----------.. \n+0000f1b0: 2831 2920 5468 6520 626c 7572 6220 7468 (1) The blurb th\n+0000f1c0: 6174 2063 6f6d 6573 2077 6974 6820 6120 at comes with a \n+0000f1d0: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 696e 2069 7473 2061 program in its a\n+0000f1e0: 6e6e 6f75 6e63 656d 656e 7473 2061 6e64 nnouncements and\n+0000f1f0: 2f6f 720a e280 9852 4541 444d 45e2 8099 /or....README...\n+0000f200: 2066 696c 6573 2069 7320 7261 7265 6c79 files is rarely\n+0000f210: 2073 7569 7461 626c 6520 666f 7220 7573 suitable for us\n+0000f220: 6520 696e 2061 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 e in a descripti\n+0000f230: 6f6e 2e20 2049 7420 6973 0a75 7375 616c on. It is.usual\n+0000f240: 6c79 2061 696d 6564 2061 7420 7065 6f70 ly aimed at peop\n+0000f250: 6c65 2077 686f 2061 7265 2061 6c72 6561 le who are alrea\n+0000f260: 6479 2069 6e20 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 756e dy in the commun\n+0000f270: 6974 7920 7768 6572 6520 7468 650a 7061 ity where the.pa\n+0000f280: 636b 6167 6520 6973 2075 7365 642e 0a0a ckage is used...\n+0000f290: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n+0000f2a0: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n+0000f2b0: 653a 2044 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 732c e: Dependencies,\n+0000f2c0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5669 7274 7561 6c20 Next: Virtual \n+0000f2d0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a packages, Prev:\n+0000f2e0: 2054 6865 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e The description\n+0000f2f0: 206f 6620 6120 7061 636b 6167 652c 2020 of a package, \n+0000f300: 5570 3a20 4269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 Up: Binary packa\n+0000f310: 6765 730a 0a33 2e35 2044 6570 656e 6465 ges..3.5 Depende\n+0000f320: 6e63 6965 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ncies.==========\n+0000f330: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4576 6572 7920 7061 ======..Every pa\n+0000f340: 636b 6167 6520 6d75 7374 2073 7065 6369 ckage must speci\n+0000f350: 6679 2074 6865 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 fy the dependenc\n+0000f360: 7920 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6162 y information ab\n+0000f370: 6f75 7420 6f74 6865 720a 7061 636b 6167 out other.packag\n+0000f380: 6573 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 7265 7175 es that are requ\n+0000f390: 6972 6564 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2066 6972 ired for the fir\n+0000f3a0: 7374 2074 6f20 776f 726b 2063 6f72 7265 st to work corre\n+0000f3b0: 6374 6c79 2e0a 0a46 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 ctly...For examp\n+0000f3c0: 6c65 2c20 6120 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 le, a dependency\n+0000f3d0: 2065 6e74 7279 206d 7573 7420 6265 2070 entry must be p\n+0000f3e0: 726f 7669 6465 6420 666f 7220 616e 7920 rovided for any \n+0000f3f0: 7368 6172 6564 0a6c 6962 7261 7269 6573 shared.libraries\n+0000f400: 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 6279 2061 2064 required by a d\n+0000f410: 796e 616d 6963 616c 6c79 2d6c 696e 6b65 ynamically-linke\n+0000f420: 6420 6578 6563 7574 6162 6c65 2062 696e d executable bin\n+0000f430: 6172 7920 696e 2061 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 ary in a.package\n+0000f440: 2e0a 0a50 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6172 6520 ...Packages are \n+0000f450: 6e6f 7420 7265 7175 6972 6564 2074 6f20 not required to \n+0000f460: 6465 636c 6172 6520 616e 7920 6465 7065 declare any depe\n+0000f470: 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2074 6865 7920 6861 ndencies they ha\n+0000f480: 7665 206f 6e20 6f74 6865 720a 7061 636b ve on other.pack\n+0000f490: 6167 6573 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 206d ages which are m\n+0000f4a0: 6172 6b65 6420 e280 9845 7373 656e 7469 arked ...Essenti\n+0000f4b0: 616c e280 9920 2873 6565 2062 656c 6f77 al... (see below\n+0000f4c0: 292c 2061 6e64 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f ), and should no\n+0000f4d0: 7420 646f 2073 6f0a 756e 6c65 7373 2074 t do so.unless t\n+0000f4e0: 6865 7920 6465 7065 6e64 206f 6e20 6120 hey depend on a \n+0000f4f0: 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 2076 6572 7369 particular versi\n+0000f500: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6174 2070 6163 6b61 on of that packa\n+0000f510: 6765 2e20 2028 3129 0a0a 536f 6d65 7469 ge. (1)..Someti\n+0000f520: 6d65 732c 2075 6e70 6163 6b69 6e67 206f mes, unpacking o\n+0000f530: 6e65 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2072 6571 7569 ne package requi\n+0000f540: 7265 7320 7468 6174 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 res that another\n+0000f550: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2062 6520 6669 7273 package be firs\n+0000f560: 740a 756e 7061 636b 6564 2027 616e 6427 t.unpacked 'and'\n+0000f570: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 642e 2020 496e configured. In\n+0000f580: 2074 6869 7320 6361 7365 2c20 7468 6520 this case, the \n+0000f590: 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 depending packag\n+0000f5a0: 6520 6d75 7374 0a73 7065 6369 6679 2074 e must.specify t\n+0000f5b0: 6869 7320 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 2069 his dependency i\n+0000f5c0: 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9850 7265 2d44 6570 n the ...Pre-Dep\n+0000f5d0: 656e 6473 e280 9920 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 ends... control \n+0000f5e0: 6669 656c 642e 0a0a 596f 7520 7368 6f75 field...You shou\n+0000f5f0: 6c64 206e 6f74 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 ld not specify a\n+0000f600: 20e2 8098 5072 652d 4465 7065 6e64 73e2 ...Pre-Depends.\n+0000f610: 8099 2065 6e74 7279 2066 6f72 2061 2070 .. entry for a p\n+0000f620: 6163 6b61 6765 2062 6566 6f72 6520 7468 ackage before th\n+0000f630: 6973 0a68 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6469 7363 is.has been disc\n+0000f640: 7573 7365 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 ussed on the ...\n+0000f650: 6465 6269 616e 2d64 6576 656c e280 9920 debian-devel... \n+0000f660: 6d61 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 2061 6e64 mailing list and\n+0000f670: 2061 2063 6f6e 7365 6e73 7573 0a61 626f a consensus.abo\n+0000f680: 7574 2064 6f69 6e67 2074 6861 7420 6861 ut doing that ha\n+0000f690: 7320 6265 656e 2072 6561 6368 6564 2e0a s been reached..\n+0000f6a0: 0a54 6865 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6f66 2074 .The format of t\n+0000f6b0: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 6e74 6572 he package inter\n+0000f6c0: 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 2063 6f6e relationship con\n+0000f6d0: 7472 6f6c 2066 6965 6c64 7320 6973 2064 trol fields is d\n+0000f6e0: 6573 6372 6962 6564 0a69 6e20 2a6e 6f74 escribed.in *not\n+0000f6f0: 6520 4465 636c 6172 696e 6720 7265 6c61 e Declaring rela\n+0000f700: 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 6265 7477 6565 tionships betwee\n+0000f710: 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6573 3a20 3534 2e0a n packages: 54..\n+0000f720: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n+0000f730: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n+0000f740: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 4573 7365 ---.. (1) Esse\n+0000f750: 6e74 6961 6c20 6973 206e 6565 6465 6420 ntial is needed \n+0000f760: 696e 2070 6172 7420 746f 2061 766f 6964 in part to avoid\n+0000f770: 2075 6e72 6573 6f6c 7661 626c 6520 6465 unresolvable de\n+0000f780: 7065 6e64 656e 6379 0a6c 6f6f 7073 206f pendency.loops o\n+0000f790: 6e20 7570 6772 6164 652e 2020 4966 2070 n upgrade. If p\n+0000f7a0: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6164 6420 756e 6e65 ackages add unne\n+0000f7b0: 6365 7373 6172 7920 6465 7065 6e64 656e cessary dependen\n+0000f7c0: 6369 6573 206f 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6573 cies on packages\n+0000f7d0: 0a69 6e20 7468 6973 2073 6574 2c20 7468 .in this set, th\n+0000f7e0: 6520 6368 616e 6365 7320 7468 6174 2074 e chances that t\n+0000f7f0: 6865 7265 2027 7769 6c6c 2720 6265 2061 here 'will' be a\n+0000f800: 6e20 756e 7265 736f 6c76 6162 6c65 2064 n unresolvable d\n+0000f810: 6570 656e 6465 6e63 790a 6c6f 6f70 2063 ependency.loop c\n+0000f820: 6175 7365 6420 6279 2066 6f72 6369 6e67 aused by forcing\n+0000f830: 2074 6865 7365 2045 7373 656e 7469 616c these Essential\n+0000f840: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 746f 2062 6520 packages to be \n+0000f850: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2066 6972 7374 configured first\n+0000f860: 0a62 6566 6f72 6520 7468 6579 206e 6565 .before they nee\n+0000f870: 6420 746f 2062 6520 6973 2067 7265 6174 d to be is great\n+0000f880: 6c79 2069 6e63 7265 6173 6564 2e20 2049 ly increased. I\n+0000f890: 7420 616c 736f 2069 6e63 7265 6173 6573 t also increases\n+0000f8a0: 2074 6865 0a63 6861 6e63 6573 2074 6861 the.chances tha\n+0000f8b0: 7420 6672 6f6e 7465 6e64 7320 7769 6c6c t frontends will\n+0000f8c0: 2062 6520 756e 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 2763 be unable to 'c\n+0000f8d0: 616c 6375 6c61 7465 2720 616e 2075 7067 alculate' an upg\n+0000f8e0: 7261 6465 2070 6174 682c 0a65 7665 6e20 rade path,.even \n+0000f8f0: 6966 206f 6e65 2065 7869 7374 732e 0a0a if one exists...\n+0000f900: 416c 736f 2c20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c Also, functional\n+0000f910: 6974 7920 6973 2072 6172 656c 7920 6576 ity is rarely ev\n+0000f920: 6572 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2066 726f 6d20 er removed from \n+0000f930: 7468 6520 4573 7365 6e74 6961 6c20 7365 the Essential se\n+0000f940: 742c 2062 7574 0a27 7061 636b 6167 6573 t, but.'packages\n+0000f950: 2720 6861 7665 2062 6565 6e20 7265 6d6f ' have been remo\n+0000f960: 7665 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2045 7373 ved from the Ess\n+0000f970: 656e 7469 616c 2073 6574 2077 6865 6e20 ential set when \n+0000f980: 7468 650a 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 6974 the.functionalit\n+0000f990: 7920 6d6f 7665 6420 746f 2061 2064 6966 y moved to a dif\n+0000f9a0: 6665 7265 6e74 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 ferent package. \n+0000f9b0: 2053 6f20 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e So depending on\n+0000f9c0: 2074 6865 7365 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 7320 these.packages \n+0000f9d0: 276a 7573 7420 696e 2063 6173 6527 2074 'just in case' t\n+0000f9e0: 6865 7920 7374 6f70 2062 6569 6e67 2065 hey stop being e\n+0000f9f0: 7373 656e 7469 616c 2064 6f65 7320 7761 ssential does wa\n+0000fa00: 7920 6d6f 7265 2068 6172 6d0a 7468 616e y more harm.than\n+0000fa10: 2067 6f6f 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 good.....File: \n+0000fa20: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+0000fa30: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2056 6972 7475 fo, Node: Virtu\n+0000fa40: 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2020 4e65 al packages, Ne\n+0000fa50: 7874 3a20 4261 7365 2073 7973 7465 6d2c xt: Base system,\n+0000fa60: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4465 7065 6e64 656e Prev: Dependen\n+0000fa70: 6369 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2042 696e 6172 cies, Up: Binar\n+0000fa80: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 332e 3620 y packages..3.6 \n+0000fa90: 5669 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 Virtual packages\n+0000faa0: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+0000fab0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a53 6f6d 6574 696d 6573 =====..Sometimes\n+0000fac0: 2c20 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 7365 7665 , there are seve\n+0000fad0: 7261 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2077 6869 ral packages whi\n+0000fae0: 6368 206f 6666 6572 206d 6f72 652d 6f72 ch offer more-or\n+0000faf0: 2d6c 6573 7320 7468 6520 7361 6d65 0a66 -less the same.f\n+0000fb00: 756e 6374 696f 6e61 6c69 7479 2e20 2049 unctionality. I\n+0000fb10: 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6173 652c 2069 74e2 n this case, it.\n+0000fb20: 8099 7320 7573 6566 756c 2074 6f20 6465 ..s useful to de\n+0000fb30: 6669 6e65 2061 2027 7669 7274 7561 6c20 fine a 'virtual \n+0000fb40: 7061 636b 6167 6527 0a77 686f 7365 206e package'.whose n\n+0000fb50: 616d 6520 6465 7363 7269 6265 7320 7468 ame describes th\n+0000fb60: 6174 2063 6f6d 6d6f 6e20 6675 6e63 7469 at common functi\n+0000fb70: 6f6e 616c 6974 792e 2020 2854 6865 2076 onality. (The v\n+0000fb80: 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a irtual packages.\n+0000fb90: 6f6e 6c79 2065 7869 7374 206c 6f67 6963 only exist logic\n+0000fba0: 616c 6c79 2c20 6e6f 7420 7068 7973 6963 ally, not physic\n+0000fbb0: 616c 6c79 3b20 7468 6174 e280 9973 2077 ally; that...s w\n+0000fbc0: 6879 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 6361 6c6c hy they are call\n+0000fbd0: 6564 0a27 7669 7274 7561 6c27 2e29 2020 ed.'virtual'.) \n+0000fbe0: 5468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2077 6974 The packages wit\n+0000fbf0: 6820 7468 6973 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 h this particula\n+0000fc00: 7220 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2077 696c 6c20 r function will \n+0000fc10: 7468 656e 0a27 7072 6f76 6964 6527 2074 then.'provide' t\n+0000fc20: 6865 2076 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 6b61 he virtual packa\n+0000fc30: 6765 2e20 2054 6875 732c 2061 6e79 206f ge. Thus, any o\n+0000fc40: 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2072 6571 ther package req\n+0000fc50: 7569 7269 6e67 2074 6861 740a 6675 6e63 uiring that.func\n+0000fc60: 7469 6f6e 2063 616e 2073 696d 706c 7920 tion can simply \n+0000fc70: 6465 7065 6e64 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7669 depend on the vi\n+0000fc80: 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6520 7769 rtual package wi\n+0000fc90: 7468 6f75 7420 6861 7669 6e67 2074 6f0a thout having to.\n+0000fca0: 7370 6563 6966 7920 616c 6c20 706f 7373 specify all poss\n+0000fcb0: 6962 6c65 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 696e ible packages in\n+0000fcc0: 6469 7669 6475 616c 6c79 2e0a 0a41 6c6c dividually...All\n+0000fcd0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 packages should\n+0000fce0: 2075 7365 2076 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 use virtual pac\n+0000fcf0: 6b61 6765 206e 616d 6573 2077 6865 7265 kage names where\n+0000fd00: 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2c20 616e appropriate, an\n+0000fd10: 640a 6172 7261 6e67 6520 746f 2063 7265 d.arrange to cre\n+0000fd20: 6174 6520 6e65 7720 6f6e 6573 2069 6620 ate new ones if \n+0000fd30: 6e65 6365 7373 6172 792e 2020 5468 6579 necessary. They\n+0000fd40: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 7573 6520 should not use \n+0000fd50: 7669 7274 7561 6c0a 7061 636b 6167 6520 virtual.package \n+0000fd60: 6e61 6d65 7320 2865 7863 6570 7420 7072 names (except pr\n+0000fd70: 6976 6174 656c 792c 2061 6d6f 6e67 7374 ivately, amongst\n+0000fd80: 2061 2063 6f6f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2067 a cooperating g\n+0000fd90: 726f 7570 206f 660a 7061 636b 6167 6573 roup of.packages\n+0000fda0: 2920 756e 6c65 7373 2074 6865 7920 6861 ) unless they ha\n+0000fdb0: 7665 2062 6565 6e20 6167 7265 6564 2075 ve been agreed u\n+0000fdc0: 706f 6e20 616e 6420 6170 7065 6172 2069 pon and appear i\n+0000fdd0: 6e20 7468 6520 6c69 7374 206f 660a 7669 n the list of.vi\n+0000fde0: 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6520 6e61 rtual package na\n+0000fdf0: 6d65 732e 2020 2853 6565 2061 6c73 6f20 mes. (See also \n+0000fe00: 2a6e 6f74 6520 5669 7274 7561 6c20 7061 *note Virtual pa\n+0000fe10: 636b 6167 6573 202d 2050 726f 7669 6465 ckages - Provide\n+0000fe20: 733a 0a35 362e 290a 0a54 6865 206c 6174 s:.56.)..The lat\n+0000fe30: 6573 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 est version of t\n+0000fe40: 6865 2061 7574 686f 7269 7461 7469 7665 he authoritative\n+0000fe50: 206c 6973 7420 6f66 2076 6972 7475 616c list of virtual\n+0000fe60: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206e 616d 6573 0a63 package names.c\n+0000fe70: 616e 2062 6520 666f 756e 6420 696e 2074 an be found in t\n+0000fe80: 6865 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c he ...debian-pol\n+0000fe90: 6963 79e2 8099 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 icy... package. \n+0000fea0: 2049 7420 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 6176 6169 It is also avai\n+0000feb0: 6c61 626c 6520 6672 6f6d 0a74 6865 2044 lable from.the D\n+0000fec0: 6562 6961 6e20 7765 6220 6d69 7272 6f72 ebian web mirror\n+0000fed0: 7320 6174 0ae2 8098 6874 7470 733a 2f2f s at....https://\n+0000fee0: 7777 772e 6465 6269 616e 2e6f 7267 2f64 www.debian.org/d\n+0000fef0: 6f63 2f70 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 2d6d 616e oc/packaging-man\n+0000ff00: 7561 6c73 2f76 6972 7475 616c 2d70 6163 uals/virtual-pac\n+0000ff10: 6b61 6765 2d6e 616d 6573 2d6c 6973 742e kage-names-list.\n+0000ff20: 7961 6d6c e280 992e 0a0a 5468 6520 7072 yaml......The pr\n+0000ff30: 6f63 6564 7572 6520 666f 7220 7570 6461 ocedure for upda\n+0000ff40: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 206c 6973 7420 6973 ting the list is\n+0000ff50: 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 2069 6e20 7468 described in th\n+0000ff60: 6520 7072 6566 6163 6520 746f 2074 6865 e preface to the\n+0000ff70: 0a6c 6973 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 .list.....File: \n+0000ff80: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+0000ff90: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2042 6173 6520 fo, Node: Base \n+0000ffa0: 7379 7374 656d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2045 system, Next: E\n+0000ffb0: 7373 656e 7469 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 ssential package\n+0000ffc0: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5669 7274 7561 s, Prev: Virtua\n+0000ffd0: 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 2055 703a l packages, Up:\n+0000ffe0: 2042 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 Binary packages\n+0000fff0: 0a0a 332e 3720 4261 7365 2073 7973 7465 ..3.7 Base syste\n+00010000: 6d0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d m.==============\n+00010010: 3d0a 0a54 6865 20e2 8098 6261 7365 2073 =..The ...base s\n+00010020: 7973 7465 6de2 8099 2069 7320 6120 6d69 ystem... is a mi\n+00010030: 6e69 6d75 6d20 7375 6273 6574 206f 6620 nimum subset of \n+00010040: 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2073 7973 7465 the Debian syste\n+00010050: 6d20 7468 6174 2069 730a 696e 7374 616c m that is.instal\n+00010060: 6c65 6420 6265 666f 7265 2065 7665 7279 led before every\n+00010070: 7468 696e 6720 656c 7365 206f 6e20 6120 thing else on a \n+00010080: 6e65 7720 7379 7374 656d 2e20 204f 6e6c new system. Onl\n+00010090: 7920 7665 7279 2066 6577 0a70 6163 6b61 y very few.packa\n+000100a0: 6765 7320 6172 6520 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 ges are allowed \n+000100b0: 746f 2066 6f72 6d20 7061 7274 206f 6620 to form part of \n+000100c0: 7468 6520 6261 7365 2073 7973 7465 6d2c the base system,\n+000100d0: 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 206b 6565 in order to kee\n+000100e0: 700a 7468 6520 7265 7175 6972 6564 2064 p.the required d\n+000100f0: 6973 6b20 7573 6167 6520 7665 7279 2073 isk usage very s\n+00010100: 6d61 6c6c 2e0a 0a54 6865 2062 6173 6520 mall...The base \n+00010110: 7379 7374 656d 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 7320 system consists \n+00010120: 6f66 2061 6c6c 2074 686f 7365 2070 6163 of all those pac\n+00010130: 6b61 6765 7320 7769 7468 2070 7269 6f72 kages with prior\n+00010140: 6974 7920 e280 9872 6571 7569 7265 64e2 ity ...required.\n+00010150: 8099 0a6f 7220 e280 9869 6d70 6f72 7461 ...or ...importa\n+00010160: 6e74 e280 992e 2020 4d61 6e79 206f 6620 nt.... 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Prompti\n+000118e0: 6e67 0a6d 7573 7420 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 ng.must be done \n+000118f0: 6279 2063 6f6d 6d75 6e69 6361 7469 6e67 by communicating\n+00011900: 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2061 2070 726f 6772 through a progr\n+00011910: 616d 2c20 7375 6368 2061 7320 e280 9864 am, such as ...d\n+00011920: 6562 636f 6e66 e280 992c 0a77 6869 6368 ebconf...,.which\n+00011930: 2063 6f6e 666f 726d 7320 746f 2074 6865 conforms to the\n+00011940: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 Debian Configur\n+00011950: 6174 696f 6e20 4d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 ation Management\n+00011960: 2053 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2c0a Specification,.\n+00011970: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 3220 6f72 2068 6967 version 2 or hig\n+00011980: 6865 722e 0a0a 5061 636b 6167 6573 2077 her...Packages w\n+00011990: 6869 6368 2061 7265 2065 7373 656e 7469 hich are essenti\n+000119a0: 616c 2c20 6f72 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 al, or which are\n+000119b0: 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6f66 dependencies of\n+000119c0: 2065 7373 656e 7469 616c 0a70 6163 6b61 essential.packa\n+000119d0: 6765 732c 206d 6179 2066 616c 6c20 6261 ges, may fall ba\n+000119e0: 636b 206f 6e20 616e 6f74 6865 7220 7072 ck on another pr\n+000119f0: 6f6d 7074 696e 6720 6d65 7468 6f64 2069 ompting method i\n+00011a00: 6620 6e6f 2073 7563 6820 696e 7465 7266 f no such interf\n+00011a10: 6163 650a 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 ace.is available\n+00011a20: 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6579 2061 7265 2065 when they are e\n+00011a30: 7865 6375 7465 642e 0a0a 5468 6520 4465 xecuted...The De\n+00011a40: 6269 616e 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 bian Configurati\n+00011a50: 6f6e 204d 616e 6167 656d 656e 7420 5370 on Management Sp\n+00011a60: 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 6973 2069 ecification is i\n+00011a70: 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 0ae2 ncluded in the..\n+00011a80: 8098 6465 6263 6f6e 665f 7370 6563 6966 ..debconf_specif\n+00011a90: 6963 6174 696f 6ee2 8099 2066 696c 6573 ication... files\n+00011aa0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6465 6269 616e 2d70 in the debian-p\n+00011ab0: 6f6c 6963 7920 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 olicy package. \n+00011ac0: 4974 2069 7320 616c 736f 0a61 7661 696c It is also.avail\n+00011ad0: 6162 6c65 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 4465 able from the De\n+00011ae0: 6269 616e 2077 6562 206d 6972 726f 7273 bian web mirrors\n+00011af0: 2061 740a e280 9868 7474 7073 3a2f 2f77 at....https://w\n+00011b00: 7777 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 646f ww.debian.org/do\n+00011b10: 632f 7061 636b 6167 696e 672d 6d61 6e75 c/packaging-manu\n+00011b20: 616c 732f 6465 6263 6f6e 665f 7370 6563 als/debconf_spec\n+00011b30: 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e2e 6874 6d6c e280 ification.html..\n+00011b40: 992e 0a0a 5061 636b 6167 6573 2077 6869 ....Packages whi\n+00011b50: 6368 2075 7365 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 ch use the Debia\n+00011b60: 6e20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 n Configuration \n+00011b70: 4d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 2053 7065 6369 Management Speci\n+00011b80: 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 206d 6179 0a63 6f6e fication may.con\n+00011b90: 7461 696e 2074 6865 2061 6464 6974 696f tain the additio\n+00011ba0: 6e61 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d65 7461 nal package meta\n+00011bb0: 6461 7461 2066 696c 6573 20e2 8098 636f data files ...co\n+00011bc0: 6e66 6967 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9874 nfig... and ...t\n+00011bd0: 656d 706c 6174 6573 e280 992e 0ae2 8098 emplates........\n+00011be0: 636f 6e66 6967 e280 9920 6973 2061 6e20 config... is an \n+00011bf0: 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 206d 6169 6e74 additional maint\n+00011c00: 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 2075 7365 ainer script use\n+00011c10: 6420 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 650a 636f d for package.co\n+00011c20: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 nfiguration, and\n+00011c30: 20e2 8098 7465 6d70 6c61 7465 73e2 8099 ...templates...\n+00011c40: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7465 6d70 6c61 contains templa\n+00011c50: 7465 7320 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2075 7365 tes used for use\n+00011c60: 720a 7072 6f6d 7074 696e 672e 2020 5468 r.prompting. 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Changes i\n+00014940: 6e20 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2076 6572 n the Debian ver\n+00014950: 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b sion of the pack\n+00014960: 6167 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 0a62 6520 6272 age should.be br\n+00014970: 6965 666c 7920 6578 706c 6169 6e65 6420 iefly explained \n+00014980: 696e 2074 6869 7320 6669 6c65 2e20 2028 in this file. (\n+00014990: 3129 2020 5468 6973 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 1) This include\n+000149a0: 7320 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 730a s modifications.\n+000149b0: 6d61 6465 2069 6e20 7468 6520 4465 6269 made in the Debi\n+000149c0: 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2063 6f6d 7061 an package compa\n+000149d0: 7265 6420 746f 2074 6865 2075 7073 7472 red to the upstr\n+000149e0: 6561 6d20 6f6e 6520 6173 2077 656c 6c20 eam one as well \n+000149f0: 6173 206f 7468 6572 0a63 6861 6e67 6573 as other.changes\n+00014a00: 2061 6e64 2075 7064 6174 6573 2074 6f20 and updates to \n+00014a10: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 2832 the package. (2\n+00014a20: 290a 0a54 6865 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6f66 )..The format of\n+00014a30: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f63 the ...debian/c\n+00014a40: 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 e280 9920 616c 6c6f hangelog... allo\n+00014a50: 7773 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2062 ws the package b\n+00014a60: 7569 6c64 696e 6720 746f 6f6c 730a 746f uilding tools.to\n+00014a70: 2064 6973 636f 7665 7220 7768 6963 6820 discover which \n+00014a80: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2070 version of the p\n+00014a90: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 6265 696e 6720 ackage is being \n+00014aa0: 6275 696c 7420 616e 6420 6669 6e64 206f built and find o\n+00014ab0: 7574 0a6f 7468 6572 2072 656c 6561 7365 ut.other release\n+00014ac0: 2d73 7065 6369 6669 6320 696e 666f 726d -specific inform\n+00014ad0: 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 5468 6174 2066 6f72 ation...That for\n+00014ae0: 6d61 7420 6973 2061 2073 6572 6965 7320 mat is a series \n+00014af0: 6f66 2065 6e74 7269 6573 206c 696b 6520 of entries like \n+00014b00: 7468 6973 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 7061 636b this:.. pack\n+00014b10: 6167 6520 2876 6572 7369 6f6e 2920 6469 age (version) di\n+00014b20: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2873 293b 2075 stribution(s); u\n+00014b30: 7267 656e 6379 3d75 7267 656e 6379 0a20 rgency=urgency. \n+00014b40: 2020 2020 2020 5b6f 7074 696f 6e61 6c20 [optional \n+00014b50: 626c 616e 6b20 6c69 6e65 2873 292c 2073 blank line(s), s\n+00014b60: 7472 6970 7065 645d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 tripped]. \n+00014b70: 2a20 6368 616e 6765 2064 6574 6169 6c73 * change details\n+00014b80: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 6d6f 7265 2063 6861 . more cha\n+00014b90: 6e67 6520 6465 7461 696c 730a 2020 2020 nge details. \n+00014ba0: 2020 205b 626c 616e 6b20 6c69 6e65 2873 [blank line(s\n+00014bb0: 292c 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 206f ), included in o\n+00014bc0: 7574 7075 7420 6f66 2064 706b 672d 7061 utput of dpkg-pa\n+00014bd0: 7273 6563 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 5d0a 2020 rsechangelog]. \n+00014be0: 2020 2020 202a 2065 7665 6e20 6d6f 7265 * even more\n+00014bf0: 2063 6861 6e67 6520 6465 7461 696c 730a change details.\n+00014c00: 2020 2020 2020 205b 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c [optional\n+00014c10: 2062 6c61 6e6b 206c 696e 6528 7329 2c20 blank line(s), \n+00014c20: 7374 7269 7070 6564 5d0a 2020 2020 2020 stripped]. \n+00014c30: 2d2d 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 6e61 -- maintainer na\n+00014c40: 6d65 203c 656d 6169 6c20 6164 6472 6573 me [two spaces] \n+00014c60: 6461 7465 0a0a e280 9870 6163 6b61 6765 date.....package\n+00014c70: e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9876 6572 7369 ... and ...versi\n+00014c80: 6f6e e280 9920 6172 6520 7468 6520 736f on... are the so\n+00014c90: 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206e 616d urce package nam\n+00014ca0: 6520 616e 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 e and version nu\n+00014cb0: 6d62 6572 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6469 7374 7269 mber......distri\n+00014cc0: 6275 7469 6f6e 2873 29e2 8099 206c 6973 bution(s)... lis\n+00014cd0: 7473 2074 6865 2064 6973 7472 6962 7574 ts the distribut\n+00014ce0: 696f 6e73 2077 6865 7265 2074 6869 7320 ions where this \n+00014cf0: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 version should b\n+00014d00: 650a 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 7768 656e e.installed when\n+00014d10: 2069 7420 6973 2075 706c 6f61 6465 6420 it is uploaded \n+00014d20: 2d20 6974 2069 7320 636f 7069 6564 2074 - it is copied t\n+00014d30: 6f20 7468 6520 e280 9844 6973 7472 6962 o the ...Distrib\n+00014d40: 7574 696f 6ee2 8099 2066 6965 6c64 0a69 ution... field.i\n+00014d50: 6e20 7468 6520 e280 982e 6368 616e 6765 n the ....change\n+00014d60: 73e2 8099 2066 696c 652e 2020 5365 6520 s... file. 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Blan\n+00014ff0: 6b20 6c69 6e65 7320 6d61 7920 6265 0a75 k lines may be.u\n+00015000: 7365 6420 6865 7265 2074 6f20 7365 7061 sed here to sepa\n+00015010: 7261 7465 2067 726f 7570 7320 6f66 2063 rate groups of c\n+00015020: 6861 6e67 6573 2c20 6966 2064 6573 6972 hanges, if desir\n+00015030: 6564 2e0a 0a49 6620 7468 6973 2075 706c ed...If this upl\n+00015040: 6f61 6420 7265 736f 6c76 6573 2062 7567 oad resolves bug\n+00015050: 7320 7265 636f 7264 6564 2069 6e20 7468 s recorded in th\n+00015060: 6520 4275 6720 5472 6163 6b69 6e67 2053 e Bug Tracking S\n+00015070: 7973 7465 6d20 2842 5453 292c 0a74 6865 ystem (BTS),.the\n+00015080: 7920 6d61 7920 6265 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 y may be automat\n+00015090: 6963 616c 6c79 2063 6c6f 7365 6420 6f6e ically closed on\n+000150a0: 2074 6865 2069 6e63 6c75 7369 6f6e 206f the inclusion o\n+000150b0: 6620 7468 6973 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 f this package i\n+000150c0: 6e74 6f0a 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2061 nto.the Debian a\n+000150d0: 7263 6869 7665 2062 7920 696e 636c 7564 rchive by includ\n+000150e0: 696e 6720 7468 6520 7374 7269 6e67 3a20 ing the string: \n+000150f0: e280 9863 6c6f 7365 733a 2042 7567 236e ...closes: Bug#n\n+00015100: 6e6e 6e6e e280 9920 696e 2074 6865 0a63 nnnn... in the.c\n+00015110: 6861 6e67 6520 6465 7461 696c 732c 2077 hange details, w\n+00015120: 6865 7265 20e2 8098 236e 6e6e 6e6e e280 here ...#nnnnn..\n+00015130: 9920 6973 2074 6865 2062 7567 206e 756d . is the bug num\n+00015140: 6265 722e 2020 2833 2920 2054 6869 7320 ber. (3) This \n+00015150: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e0a 6973 2063 information.is c\n+00015160: 6f6e 7665 7965 6420 7669 6120 7468 6520 onveyed via the \n+00015170: e280 9843 6c6f 7365 73e2 8099 2066 6965 ...Closes... fie\n+00015180: 6c64 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 982e 6368 ld in the ....ch\n+00015190: 616e 6765 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 2873 anges... file (s\n+000151a0: 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 0a43 6c6f 7365 733a ee *note.Closes:\n+000151b0: 2037 302e 292e 0a0a 5468 6520 6d61 696e 70.)...The main\n+000151c0: 7461 696e 6572 206e 616d 6520 616e 6420 tainer name and \n+000151d0: 656d 6169 6c20 6164 6472 6573 7320 7573 email address us\n+000151e0: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6368 616e 6765 ed in the change\n+000151f0: 6c6f 6720 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 650a 7468 log should be.th\n+00015200: 6520 6465 7461 696c 7320 6f66 2074 6865 e details of the\n+00015210: 2070 6572 736f 6e20 7768 6f20 7072 6570 person who prep\n+00015220: 6172 6564 2074 6869 7320 7265 6c65 6173 ared this releas\n+00015230: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e of the package\n+00015240: 2e0a 5468 6579 2061 7265 2027 6e6f 7427 ..They are 'not'\n+00015250: 206e 6563 6573 7361 7269 6c79 2074 686f necessarily tho\n+00015260: 7365 206f 6620 7468 6520 7570 6c6f 6164 se of the upload\n+00015270: 6572 206f 7220 7573 7561 6c20 7061 636b er or usual pack\n+00015280: 6167 650a 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2e20 age.maintainer. \n+00015290: 2028 3429 2020 5468 6520 696e 666f 726d (4) The inform\n+000152a0: 6174 696f 6e20 6865 7265 2077 696c 6c20 ation here will \n+000152b0: 6265 2063 6f70 6965 6420 746f 2074 6865 be copied to the\n+000152c0: 0ae2 8098 4368 616e 6765 642d 4279 e280 ....Changed-By..\n+000152d0: 9920 6669 656c 6420 696e 2074 6865 20e2 . field in the .\n+000152e0: 8098 2e63 6861 6e67 6573 e280 9920 6669 ...changes... fi\n+000152f0: 6c65 2028 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 4368 le (see *note Ch\n+00015300: 616e 6765 642d 4279 3a20 3731 2e29 2c0a anged-By: 71.),.\n+00015310: 616e 6420 7468 656e 206c 6174 6572 2075 and then later u\n+00015320: 7365 6420 746f 2073 656e 6420 616e 2061 sed to send an a\n+00015330: 636b 6e6f 776c 6564 6765 6d65 6e74 2077 cknowledgement w\n+00015340: 6865 6e20 7468 6520 7570 6c6f 6164 2068 hen the upload h\n+00015350: 6173 2062 6565 6e0a 696e 7374 616c 6c65 as been.installe\n+00015360: 642e 0a0a 5468 6520 6461 7465 2068 6173 d...The date has\n+00015370: 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2066 the following f\n+00015380: 6f72 6d61 7420 2835 2920 2863 6f6d 7061 ormat (5) (compa\n+00015390: 7469 626c 6520 616e 6420 7769 7468 2074 tible and with t\n+000153a0: 6865 2073 616d 650a 7365 6d61 6e74 6963 he same.semantic\n+000153b0: 7320 6f66 2052 4643 2032 3832 3220 616e s of RFC 2822 an\n+000153c0: 6420 5246 4320 3533 3232 293a 0a0a 2020 d RFC 5322):.. \n+000153d0: 2020 2064 6179 2d6f 662d 7765 656b 2c20 day-of-week, \n+000153e0: 6464 206d 6f6e 7468 2079 7979 7920 6868 dd month yyyy hh\n+000153f0: 3a6d 6d3a 7373 202b 7a7a 7a7a 0a0a 7768 :mm:ss +zzzz..wh\n+00015400: 6572 653a 0a0a 2020 202d 20e2 8098 6461 ere:.. - ...da\n+00015410: 792d 6f66 2d77 6565 6be2 8099 2069 7320 y-of-week... is \n+00015420: 6f6e 6520 6f66 3a20 4d6f 6e2c 2054 7565 one of: Mon, Tue\n+00015430: 2c20 5765 642c 2054 6875 2c20 4672 692c , Wed, Thu, Fri,\n+00015440: 2053 6174 2c20 5375 6e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 Sat, Sun.. - \n+00015450: e280 9864 64e2 8099 2069 7320 6120 6f6e ...dd... is a on\n+00015460: 652d 206f 7220 7477 6f2d 6469 6769 7420 e- or two-digit \n+00015470: 6461 7920 6f66 2074 6865 206d 6f6e 7468 day of the month\n+00015480: 2028 3031 2d33 3129 0a0a 2020 202d 20e2 (01-31).. - .\n+00015490: 8098 6d6f 6e74 68e2 8099 2069 7320 6f6e ..month... is on\n+000154a0: 6520 6f66 3a20 4a61 6e2c 2046 6562 2c20 e of: Jan, Feb, \n+000154b0: 4d61 722c 2041 7072 2c20 4d61 792c 204a Mar, Apr, May, J\n+000154c0: 756e 2c20 4a75 6c2c 2041 7567 2c20 5365 un, Jul, Aug, Se\n+000154d0: 702c 0a20 2020 2020 4f63 742c 204e 6f76 p,. Oct, Nov\n+000154e0: 2c20 4465 630a 0a20 2020 2d20 e280 9879 , Dec.. - ...y\n+000154f0: 7979 79e2 8099 2069 7320 7468 6520 666f yyy... is the fo\n+00015500: 7572 2d64 6967 6974 2079 6561 7220 2865 ur-digit year (e\n+00015510: 2e67 2e20 2032 3031 3029 0a0a 2020 202d .g. 2010).. -\n+00015520: 20e2 8098 6868 e280 9920 6973 2074 6865 ...hh... is the\n+00015530: 2074 776f 2d64 6967 6974 2068 6f75 7220 two-digit hour \n+00015540: 2830 302d 3233 290a 0a20 2020 2d20 e280 (00-23).. - ..\n+00015550: 986d 6de2 8099 2069 7320 7468 6520 7477 .mm... is the tw\n+00015560: 6f2d 6469 6769 7420 6d69 6e75 7465 7320 o-digit minutes \n+00015570: 2830 302d 3539 290a 0a20 2020 2d20 e280 (00-59).. - ..\n+00015580: 9873 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7468 6520 7477 .ss... is the tw\n+00015590: 6f2d 6469 6769 7420 7365 636f 6e64 7320 o-digit seconds \n+000155a0: 2830 302d 3630 290a 0a20 2020 2d20 0a20 (00-60).. - . \n+000155b0: 2020 2020 e280 982b 7a7a 7a7a e280 9920 ...+zzzz... \n+000155c0: 6f72 20e2 8098 2d7a 7a7a 7ae2 8099 2069 or ...-zzzz... i\n+000155d0: 7320 7468 6520 7469 6d65 207a 6f6e 6520 s the time zone \n+000155e0: 6f66 6673 6574 2066 726f 6d20 436f 6f72 offset from Coor\n+000155f0: 6469 6e61 7465 640a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 dinated.. \n+00015600: 2020 2055 6e69 7665 7273 616c 2054 696d Universal Tim\n+00015610: 6520 2855 5443 292e 20e2 809c 2be2 809d e (UTC). ...+...\n+00015620: 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6573 2074 6861 7420 indicates that \n+00015630: 7468 6520 7469 6d65 2069 7320 6168 6561 the time is ahea\n+00015640: 6420 6f66 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 d of. (\n+00015650: 692e 652e 2c20 6561 7374 206f 6629 2055 i.e., east of) U\n+00015660: 5443 2061 6e64 20e2 809c 2de2 809d 2069 TC and ...-... i\n+00015670: 6e64 6963 6174 6573 2074 6861 7420 7468 ndicates that th\n+00015680: 6520 7469 6d65 2069 7320 6265 6869 6e64 e time is behind\n+00015690: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2028 692e 652e . (i.e.\n+000156a0: 2c20 7765 7374 206f 6629 2055 5443 2e20 , west of) UTC. \n+000156b0: 5468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7477 6f20 6469 The first two di\n+000156c0: 6769 7473 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6520 7468 gits indicate th\n+000156d0: 6520 686f 7572 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 e hour. \n+000156e0: 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e63 6520 6672 6f6d difference from\n+000156f0: 2055 5443 2061 6e64 2074 6865 206c 6173 UTC and the las\n+00015700: 7420 7477 6f20 6469 6769 7473 2069 6e64 t two digits ind\n+00015710: 6963 6174 6520 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 icate the. \n+00015720: 2020 2020 6e75 6d62 6572 206f 6620 6164 number of ad\n+00015730: 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 206d 696e 7574 6573 ditional minutes\n+00015740: 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e63 6520 6672 6f6d difference from\n+00015750: 2055 5443 2e20 5468 6520 6c61 7374 2074 UTC. The last t\n+00015760: 776f 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2064 6967 wo. dig\n+00015770: 6974 7320 6d75 7374 2062 6520 696e 2074 its must be in t\n+00015780: 6865 2072 616e 6765 2030 302d 3539 2e0a he range 00-59..\n+00015790: 0a54 6865 2066 6972 7374 20e2 809c 7469 .The first ...ti\n+000157a0: 746c 65e2 809d 206c 696e 6520 7769 7468 tle... line with\n+000157b0: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206e 616d the package nam\n+000157c0: 6520 6d75 7374 2073 7461 7274 2061 7420 e must start at \n+000157d0: 7468 6520 6c65 6674 2068 616e 640a 6d61 the left hand.ma\n+000157e0: 7267 696e 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 809c 7472 rgin. The ...tr\n+000157f0: 6169 6c65 72e2 809d 206c 696e 6520 7769 ailer... line wi\n+00015800: 7468 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 th the maintaine\n+00015810: 7220 616e 6420 6461 7465 2064 6574 6169 r and date detai\n+00015820: 6c73 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a70 7265 6365 ls must be.prece\n+00015830: 6465 6420 6279 2065 7861 6374 6c79 206f ded by exactly o\n+00015840: 6e65 2073 7061 6365 2e20 2054 6865 206d ne space. The m\n+00015850: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 6465 7461 696c aintainer detail\n+00015860: 7320 616e 6420 7468 6520 6461 7465 206d s and the date m\n+00015870: 7573 740a 6265 2073 6570 6172 6174 6564 ust.be separated\n+00015880: 2062 7920 6578 6163 746c 7920 7477 6f20 by exactly two \n+00015890: 7370 6163 6573 2e0a 0a54 6865 2065 6e74 spaces...The ent\n+000158a0: 6972 6520 6368 616e 6765 6c6f 6720 6d75 ire changelog mu\n+000158b0: 7374 2062 6520 656e 636f 6465 6420 696e st be encoded in\n+000158c0: 2055 5446 2d38 2e0a 0a46 6f72 206d 6f72 UTF-8...For mor\n+000158d0: 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e e information on\n+000158e0: 2070 6c61 6365 6d65 6e74 206f 6620 7468 placement of th\n+000158f0: 6520 6368 616e 6765 6c6f 6720 6669 6c65 e changelog file\n+00015900: 7320 7769 7468 696e 2062 696e 6172 790a s within binary.\n+00015910: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 706c 6561 7365 packages, please\n+00015920: 2073 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2043 6861 6e67 see *note Chang\n+00015930: 656c 6f67 2066 696c 6573 2061 6e64 2072 elog files and r\n+00015940: 656c 6561 7365 206e 6f74 6573 3a20 3732 elease notes: 72\n+00015950: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ... ----------\n+00015960: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n+00015970: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 4d69 -----.. (1) Mi\n+00015980: 7374 616b 6573 2069 6e20 6368 616e 6765 stakes in change\n+00015990: 6c6f 6773 2061 7265 2075 7375 616c 6c79 logs are usually\n+000159a0: 2062 6573 7420 7265 6374 6966 6965 6420 best rectified \n+000159b0: 6279 206d 616b 696e 6720 6120 6e65 770a by making a new.\n+000159c0: 6368 616e 6765 6c6f 6720 656e 7472 7920 changelog entry \n+000159d0: 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 e280 9c72 rather than ...r\n+000159e0: 6577 7269 7469 6e67 2068 6973 746f 7279 ewriting history\n+000159f0: e280 9d20 6279 2065 6469 7469 6e67 206f ... by editing o\n+00015a00: 6c64 2063 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 0a65 6e74 ld changelog.ent\n+00015a10: 7269 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 416c ries... (2) Al\n+00015a20: 7468 6f75 6768 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 though there is \n+00015a30: 6e6f 7468 696e 6720 7374 6f70 7069 6e67 nothing stopping\n+00015a40: 2061 6e20 6175 7468 6f72 2077 686f 2069 an author who i\n+00015a50: 7320 616c 736f 2074 6865 0a44 6562 6961 s also the.Debia\n+00015a60: 6e20 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2066 726f n maintainer fro\n+00015a70: 6d20 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 2063 6861 m using this cha\n+00015a80: 6e67 656c 6f67 2066 6f72 2061 6c6c 2074 ngelog for all t\n+00015a90: 6865 6972 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2c20 6974 heir changes, it\n+00015aa0: 0a77 696c 6c20 6861 7665 2074 6f20 6265 .will have to be\n+00015ab0: 2072 656e 616d 6564 2069 6620 7468 6520 renamed if the \n+00015ac0: 4465 6269 616e 2061 6e64 2075 7073 7472 Debian and upstr\n+00015ad0: 6561 6d20 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 eam maintainers \n+00015ae0: 6265 636f 6d65 0a64 6966 6665 7265 6e74 become.different\n+00015af0: 2070 656f 706c 652e 2020 496e 2073 7563 people. In suc\n+00015b00: 6820 6120 6361 7365 2c20 686f 7765 7665 h a case, howeve\n+00015b10: 722c 2069 7420 6d69 6768 7420 6265 2062 r, it might be b\n+00015b20: 6574 7465 7220 746f 0a6d 6169 6e74 6169 etter to.maintai\n+00015b30: 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6173 n the package as\n+00015b40: 2061 206e 6f6e 2d6e 6174 6976 6520 7061 a non-native pa\n+00015b50: 636b 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 2028 3329 2054 ckage... (3) T\n+00015b60: 6f20 6265 2070 7265 6369 7365 2c20 7468 o be precise, th\n+00015b70: 6520 7374 7269 6e67 2073 686f 756c 6420 e string should \n+00015b80: 6d61 7463 6820 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 match the follow\n+00015b90: 696e 6720 5065 726c 2072 6567 756c 6172 ing Perl regular\n+00015ba0: 0a65 7870 7265 7373 696f 6e3a 0a0a 2020 .expression:.. \n+00015bb0: 2020 202f 636c 6f73 6573 3a5c 732a 283f /closes:\\s*(?\n+00015bc0: 3a62 7567 293f 5c23 3f5c 733f 5c64 2b28 :bug)?\\#?\\s?\\d+(\n+00015bd0: 3f3a 2c5c 732a 283f 3a62 7567 293f 5c23 ?:,\\s*(?:bug)?\\#\n+00015be0: 3f5c 733f 5c64 2b29 2a2f 690a 0a54 6861 ?\\s?\\d+)*/i..Tha\n+00015bf0: 7420 6973 3a20 5468 6520 7374 7269 6e67 t is: The string\n+00015c00: 2073 686f 756c 6420 636f 6e73 6973 7420 should consist \n+00015c10: 6f66 2074 6865 2077 6f72 6420 e280 9863 of the word ...c\n+00015c20: 6c6f 7365 733a e280 9920 666f 6c6c 6f77 loses:... follow\n+00015c30: 6564 2062 7920 610a 636f 6d6d 612d 7365 ed by a.comma-se\n+00015c40: 7061 7261 7465 6420 6c69 7374 206f 6620 parated list of \n+00015c50: 6275 6720 6e75 6d62 6572 732e 2020 4275 bug numbers. Bu\n+00015c60: 6720 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 6d61 7920 6265 g numbers may be\n+00015c70: 2070 7265 6365 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 preceded by the\n+00015c80: 0a77 6f72 6420 e280 9862 7567 e280 9920 .word ...bug... \n+00015c90: 616e 642f 6f72 2061 20e2 8098 23e2 8099 and/or a ...#...\n+00015ca0: 2073 6967 6e2c 2061 7320 696e 20e2 8098 sign, as in ...\n+00015cb0: 436c 6f73 6573 3a20 3432 2c20 6275 6723 Closes: 42, bug#\n+00015cc0: 3433 2c20 2334 342c 2062 7567 2034 35e2 43, #44, bug 45.\n+00015cd0: 8099 2e0a 0a54 6865 206c 6973 7420 6f66 .....The list of\n+00015ce0: 2062 7567 206e 756d 6265 7273 206d 6179 bug numbers may\n+00015cf0: 2073 7061 6e20 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 206c span multiple l\n+00015d00: 696e 6573 2e0a 0a41 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 ines...All of th\n+00015d10: 6520 6275 6720 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 6c69 e bug numbers li\n+00015d20: 7374 6564 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2063 6c6f sted will be clo\n+00015d30: 7365 6420 6279 2074 6865 2061 7263 6869 sed by the archi\n+00015d40: 7665 206d 6169 6e74 656e 616e 6365 0a73 ve maintenance.s\n+00015d50: 6f66 7477 6172 6520 28e2 8098 6461 6be2 oftware (...dak.\n+00015d60: 8099 2920 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 7665 ..) using the ve\n+00015d70: 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6861 rsion of the cha\n+00015d80: 6e67 656c 6f67 2065 6e74 7279 2e0a 0a54 ngelog entry...T\n+00015d90: 6865 2077 6f72 6473 20e2 8098 636c 6f73 he words ...clos\n+00015da0: 6573 3ae2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6275 es:... and ...bu\n+00015db0: 67e2 8099 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2063 6173 g... are not cas\n+00015dc0: 6520 7365 6e73 6974 6976 652e 0a0a 2020 e sensitive... \n+00015dd0: 2028 3429 2049 6e20 7468 6520 6361 7365 (4) In the case\n+00015de0: 206f 6620 6120 7370 6f6e 736f 7265 6420 of a sponsored \n+00015df0: 7570 6c6f 6164 2c20 7468 6520 7570 6c6f upload, the uplo\n+00015e00: 6164 6572 2073 6967 6e73 2074 6865 2066 ader signs the f\n+00015e10: 696c 6573 2c0a 6275 7420 7468 6520 6368 iles,.but the ch\n+00015e20: 616e 6765 6c6f 6720 6d61 696e 7461 696e angelog maintain\n+00015e30: 6572 206e 616d 6520 616e 6420 6164 6472 er name and addr\n+00015e40: 6573 7320 6172 6520 7468 6f73 6520 6f66 ess are those of\n+00015e50: 2074 6865 2070 6572 736f 6e0a 7768 6f20 the person.who \n+00015e60: 7072 6570 6172 6564 2074 6869 7320 7265 prepared this re\n+00015e70: 6c65 6173 652e 2020 4966 2074 6865 2070 lease. If the p\n+00015e80: 7265 7061 7265 7220 6f66 2074 6865 2072 reparer of the r\n+00015e90: 656c 6561 7365 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 6f6e elease is not on\n+00015ea0: 6520 6f66 0a74 6865 2075 7375 616c 206d e of.the usual m\n+00015eb0: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 206f 6620 7468 aintainers of th\n+00015ec0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 2861 7320 6c69 e package (as li\n+00015ed0: 7374 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 2a6e 6f74 sted in the *not\n+00015ee0: 6520 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 3a0a 3439 e Maintainer:.49\n+00015ef0: 2e20 6f72 202a 6e6f 7465 2055 706c 6f61 . or *note Uploa\n+00015f00: 6465 7273 3a20 3461 2e20 636f 6e74 726f ders: 4a. contro\n+00015f10: 6c20 6669 656c 6473 206f 6620 7468 6520 l fields of the \n+00015f20: 7061 636b 6167 6529 2c20 7468 6520 6669 package), the fi\n+00015f30: 7273 740a 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 rst.line of the \n+00015f40: 6368 616e 6765 6c6f 6720 6973 2063 6f6e changelog is con\n+00015f50: 7665 6e74 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 7573 6564 ventionally used\n+00015f60: 2074 6f20 6578 706c 6169 6e20 7768 7920 to explain why \n+00015f70: 610a 6e6f 6e2d 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 a.non-maintainer\n+00015f80: 2069 7320 7570 6c6f 6164 696e 6720 7468 is uploading th\n+00015f90: 6520 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 5468 6520 e package. The \n+00015fa0: 4465 6269 616e 2044 6576 656c 6f70 6572 Debian Developer\n+00015fb0: e280 9973 0a52 6566 6572 656e 6365 2028 ...s.Reference (\n+00015fc0: 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 5265 6c61 7465 see *note Relate\n+00015fd0: 6420 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 733a 2031 312e d documents: 11.\n+00015fe0: 2920 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 7320 7468 6520 ) documents the \n+00015ff0: 636f 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 730a 7573 6564 conventions.used\n+00016000: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2835 2920 5468 6973 2069 ... (5) This i\n+00016010: 7320 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 7468 s the same as th\n+00016020: 6520 666f 726d 6174 2067 656e 6572 6174 e format generat\n+00016030: 6564 2062 7920 e280 9864 6174 6520 2d52 ed by ...date -R\n+00016040: e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 ........File: de\n+00016050: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f bian-policy.info\n+00016060: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6f70 7972 6967 , Node: Copyrig\n+00016070: 6874 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 636f 7079 7269 ht debian/copyri\n+00016080: 6768 742c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4572 726f ght, Next: Erro\n+00016090: 7220 7472 6170 7069 6e67 2069 6e20 6d61 r trapping in ma\n+000160a0: 6b65 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 kefiles, Prev: \n+000160b0: 4465 6269 616e 2063 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 Debian changelog\n+000160c0: 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 6368 616e 6765 6c6f debian/changelo\n+000160d0: 672c 2020 5570 3a20 536f 7572 6365 2070 g, Up: Source p\n+000160e0: 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a34 2e35 2043 6f70 ackages..4.5 Cop\n+000160f0: 7972 6967 6874 3a20 e280 9864 6562 6961 yright: ...debia\n+00016100: 6e2f 636f 7079 7269 6768 74e2 8099 0a3d n/copyright....=\n+00016110: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00016120: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00016130: 0a0a 4576 6572 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 ..Every package \n+00016140: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6163 636f 6d70 616e must be accompan\n+00016150: 6965 6420 6279 2061 2076 6572 6261 7469 ied by a verbati\n+00016160: 6d20 636f 7079 206f 6620 6974 7320 6469 m copy of its di\n+00016170: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 0a6c 6963 656e stribution.licen\n+00016180: 7365 2873 2920 696e 2074 6865 2066 696c se(s) in the fil\n+00016190: 6520 e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f e .../usr/share/\n+000161a0: 646f 632f 5041 434b 4147 452f 636f 7079 doc/PACKAGE/copy\n+000161b0: 7269 6768 74e2 8099 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 right......This \n+000161c0: 6669 6c65 2069 7320 6f66 7465 6e20 7265 file is often re\n+000161d0: 7175 6972 6564 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 6169 quired to contai\n+000161e0: 6e20 6120 7665 7262 6174 696d 2063 6f70 n a verbatim cop\n+000161f0: 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 y of the package\n+00016200: e280 9973 0a63 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2069 ...s.copyright i\n+00016210: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2c20 746f 6f3b nformation, too;\n+00016220: 2073 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2043 6f70 7972 see *note Copyr\n+00016230: 6967 6874 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e ight information\n+00016240: 3a20 3264 2e20 616e 640a 2a6e 6f74 6520 : 2d. and.*note \n+00016250: 436f 7079 7269 6768 7420 636f 6e73 6964 Copyright consid\n+00016260: 6572 6174 696f 6e73 3a20 3263 2e20 666f erations: 2c. fo\n+00016270: 7220 6465 7461 696c 732c 2061 6e64 2066 r details, and f\n+00016280: 6f72 2066 7572 7468 6572 0a63 6f6e 7369 or further.consi\n+00016290: 6465 7261 7469 6f6e 7320 7265 6c61 7465 derations relate\n+000162a0: 6420 746f 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 7320 d to copyrights \n+000162b0: 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e0a 0a1f for packages....\n+000162c0: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n+000162d0: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n+000162e0: 3a20 4572 726f 7220 7472 6170 7069 6e67 : Error trapping\n+000162f0: 2069 6e20 6d61 6b65 6669 6c65 732c 2020 in makefiles, \n+00016300: 4e65 7874 3a20 5469 6d65 2053 7461 6d70 Next: Time Stamp\n+00016310: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 436f 7079 7269 s, Prev: Copyri\n+00016320: 6768 7420 6465 6269 616e 2f63 6f70 7972 ght debian/copyr\n+00016330: 6967 6874 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 7263 ight, Up: Sourc\n+00016340: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 342e 3620 e packages..4.6 \n+00016350: 4572 726f 7220 7472 6170 7069 6e67 2069 Error trapping i\n+00016360: 6e20 6d61 6b65 6669 6c65 730a 3d3d 3d3d n makefiles.====\n+00016370: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00016380: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a57 6865 ===========..Whe\n+00016390: 6e20 e280 986d 616b 65e2 8099 2069 6e76 n ...make... inv\n+000163a0: 6f6b 6573 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2069 okes a command i\n+000163b0: 6e20 6120 6d61 6b65 6669 6c65 2028 696e n a makefile (in\n+000163c0: 636c 7564 696e 6720 796f 7572 2070 6163 cluding your pac\n+000163d0: 6b61 6765 e280 9973 0a75 7073 7472 6561 kage...s.upstrea\n+000163e0: 6d20 6d61 6b65 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 m makefiles and \n+000163f0: e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 ...debian/rules.\n+00016400: 8099 292c 2069 7420 646f 6573 2073 6f20 ..), it does so \n+00016410: 7573 696e 6720 e280 9873 68e2 8099 2e20 using ...sh.... \n+00016420: 2054 6869 730a 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 This.means that\n+00016430: 20e2 8098 7368 e280 99e2 8099 7320 7573 ...sh......s us\n+00016440: 7561 6c20 6261 6420 6572 726f 7220 6861 ual bad error ha\n+00016450: 6e64 6c69 6e67 2070 726f 7065 7274 6965 ndling propertie\n+00016460: 7320 6170 706c 793a 2069 6620 796f 750a s apply: if you.\n+00016470: 696e 636c 7564 6520 6120 6d69 6e69 6174 include a miniat\n+00016480: 7572 6520 7363 7269 7074 2061 7320 6f6e ure script as on\n+00016490: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 e of the command\n+000164a0: 7320 696e 2079 6f75 7220 6d61 6b65 6669 s in your makefi\n+000164b0: 6c65 0a79 6f75 e280 996c 6c20 6669 6e64 le.you...ll find\n+000164c0: 2074 6861 7420 6966 2079 6f75 2064 6f6e that if you don\n+000164d0: e280 9974 2064 6f20 616e 7974 6869 6e67 ...t do anything\n+000164e0: 2061 626f 7574 2069 7420 7468 656e 2065 about it then e\n+000164f0: 7272 6f72 7320 6172 6520 6e6f 740a 6465 rrors are not.de\n+00016500: 7465 6374 6564 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6d61 tected and ...ma\n+00016510: 6b65 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2062 6c69 7468 ke... will blith\n+00016520: 656c 7920 636f 6e74 696e 7565 2061 6674 ely continue aft\n+00016530: 6572 2070 726f 626c 656d 732e 0a0a 4576 er problems...Ev\n+00016540: 6572 7920 7469 6d65 2079 6f75 2070 7574 ery time you put\n+00016550: 206d 6f72 6520 7468 616e 206f 6e65 2073 more than one s\n+00016560: 6865 6c6c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2028 7468 hell command (th\n+00016570: 6973 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 7320 7573 696e is includes usin\n+00016580: 6720 610a 6c6f 6f70 2920 696e 2061 206d g a.loop) in a m\n+00016590: 616b 6566 696c 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 akefile command \n+000165a0: 796f 7520 6d75 7374 206d 616b 6520 7375 you must make su\n+000165b0: 7265 2074 6861 7420 6572 726f 7273 2061 re that errors a\n+000165c0: 7265 2074 7261 7070 6564 2e0a 466f 7220 re trapped..For \n+000165d0: 7369 6d70 6c65 2063 6f6d 706f 756e 6420 simple compound \n+000165e0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2c20 7375 6368 2061 commands, such a\n+000165f0: 7320 6368 616e 6769 6e67 2064 6972 6563 s changing direc\n+00016600: 746f 7279 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6e0a 7275 tory and then.ru\n+00016610: 6e6e 696e 6720 6120 7072 6f67 7261 6d2c nning a program,\n+00016620: 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 2626 e280 9920 using ...&&... \n+00016630: 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7365 6d69 rather than semi\n+00016640: 636f 6c6f 6e20 6173 2061 2063 6f6d 6d61 colon as a comma\n+00016650: 6e64 0a73 6570 6172 6174 6f72 2069 7320 nd.separator is \n+00016660: 7375 6666 6963 6965 6e74 2e20 2046 6f72 sufficient. For\n+00016670: 206d 6f72 6520 636f 6d70 6c65 7820 636f more complex co\n+00016680: 6d6d 616e 6473 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 mmands including\n+00016690: 206d 6f73 7420 6c6f 6f70 730a 616e 6420 most loops.and \n+000166a0: 636f 6e64 6974 696f 6e61 6c73 2079 6f75 conditionals you\n+000166b0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 696e 636c 7564 6520 should include \n+000166c0: 6120 7365 7061 7261 7465 20e2 8098 7365 a separate ...se\n+000166d0: 7420 2d65 e280 9920 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 t -e... command \n+000166e0: 6174 2074 6865 0a73 7461 7274 206f 6620 at the.start of \n+000166f0: 6576 6572 7920 6d61 6b65 6669 6c65 2063 every makefile c\n+00016700: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2074 6861 74e2 8099 7320 ommand that...s \n+00016710: 6163 7475 616c 6c79 206f 6e65 206f 6620 actually one of \n+00016720: 7468 6573 6520 6d69 6e69 6174 7572 650a these miniature.\n+00016730: 7368 656c 6c20 7363 7269 7074 732e 0a0a shell scripts...\n+00016740: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n+00016750: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n+00016760: 653a 2054 696d 6520 5374 616d 7073 2c20 e: Time Stamps, \n+00016770: 204e 6578 743a 2052 6573 7472 6963 7469 Next: Restricti\n+00016780: 6f6e 7320 6f6e 206f 626a 6563 7473 2069 ons on objects i\n+00016790: 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 n source package\n+000167a0: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4572 726f 7220 s, Prev: Error \n+000167b0: 7472 6170 7069 6e67 2069 6e20 6d61 6b65 trapping in make\n+000167c0: 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5570 3a20 536f 7572 files, Up: Sour\n+000167d0: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a34 2e37 ce packages..4.7\n+000167e0: 2054 696d 6520 5374 616d 7073 0a3d 3d3d Time Stamps.===\n+000167f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4d61 ============..Ma\n+00016800: 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 intainers should\n+00016810: 2070 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 6520 6d6f preserve the mo\n+00016820: 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2074 696d 6573 dification times\n+00016830: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7570 7374 7265 616d of the upstream\n+00016840: 0a73 6f75 7263 6520 6669 6c65 7320 696e .source files in\n+00016850: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 6173 2066 a package, as f\n+00016860: 6172 2061 7320 6973 2072 6561 736f 6e61 ar as is reasona\n+00016870: 626c 7920 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2e20 2028 bly possible. (\n+00016880: 3129 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 1).. ---------\n+00016890: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n+000168a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 ------.. (1) T\n+000168b0: 6865 2072 6174 696f 6e61 6c65 2069 7320 he rationale is \n+000168c0: 7468 6174 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 736f that there is so\n+000168d0: 6d65 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2063 me information c\n+000168e0: 6f6e 7665 7965 6420 6279 0a6b 6e6f 7769 onveyed by.knowi\n+000168f0: 6e67 2074 6865 2061 6765 206f 6620 7468 ng the age of th\n+00016900: 6520 6669 6c65 2c20 666f 7220 6578 616d e file, for exam\n+00016910: 706c 652c 2079 6f75 2063 6f75 6c64 2072 ple, you could r\n+00016920: 6563 6f67 6e69 7a65 2074 6861 7420 736f ecognize that so\n+00016930: 6d65 0a64 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e me.documentation\n+00016940: 2069 7320 7665 7279 206f 6c64 2062 7920 is very old by \n+00016950: 6c6f 6f6b 696e 6720 6174 2074 6865 206d looking at the m\n+00016960: 6f64 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7469 6d65 odification time\n+00016970: 2c20 736f 2069 740a 776f 756c 6420 6265 , so it.would be\n+00016980: 206e 6963 6520 6966 2074 6865 206d 6f64 nice if the mod\n+00016990: 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e20 7469 6d65 206f ification time o\n+000169a0: 6620 7468 6520 7570 7374 7265 616d 2073 f the upstream s\n+000169b0: 6f75 7263 6520 776f 756c 6420 6265 0a70 ource would be.p\n+000169c0: 7265 7365 7276 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c reserved.....Fil\n+000169d0: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n+000169e0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5265 .info, Node: Re\n+000169f0: 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e73 206f 6e20 6f62 strictions on ob\n+00016a00: 6a65 6374 7320 696e 2073 6f75 7263 6520 jects in source \n+00016a10: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a packages, Next:\n+00016a20: 204d 6169 6e20 6275 696c 6469 6e67 2073 Main building s\n+00016a30: 6372 6970 7420 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c cript debian/rul\n+00016a40: 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2054 696d 6520 es, Prev: Time \n+00016a50: 5374 616d 7073 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 Stamps, Up: Sou\n+00016a60: 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 342e rce packages..4.\n+00016a70: 3820 5265 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e73 206f 8 Restrictions o\n+00016a80: 6e20 6f62 6a65 6374 7320 696e 2073 6f75 n objects in sou\n+00016a90: 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a3d 3d3d rce packages.===\n+00016aa0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00016ab0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00016ac0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 ===========..The\n+00016ad0: 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 source package \n+00016ae0: 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e 7461 696e must not contain\n+00016af0: 2064 6576 6963 6520 7370 6563 6961 6c20 device special \n+00016b00: 6669 6c65 732c 2073 6f63 6b65 7473 2c20 files, sockets, \n+00016b10: 6f72 0a73 6574 7569 6420 6f72 2073 6574 or.setuid or set\n+00016b20: 6769 6420 6669 6c65 732e 2020 2831 290a gid files. (1).\n+00016b30: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n+00016b40: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n+00016b50: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 5365 7467 ---.. (1) Setg\n+00016b60: 6964 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 2061 id directories a\n+00016b70: 7265 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 re allowed.....F\n+00016b80: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n+00016b90: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n+00016ba0: 4d61 696e 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7363 Main building sc\n+00016bb0: 7269 7074 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 ript debian/rule\n+00016bc0: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5661 7269 6162 s, Next: Variab\n+00016bd0: 6c65 2073 7562 7374 6974 7574 696f 6e73 le substitutions\n+00016be0: 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 7375 6273 7476 6172 debian/substvar\n+00016bf0: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5265 7374 7269 s, Prev: Restri\n+00016c00: 6374 696f 6e73 206f 6e20 6f62 6a65 6374 ctions on object\n+00016c10: 7320 696e 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b s in source pack\n+00016c20: 6167 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 7263 ages, Up: Sourc\n+00016c30: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 342e 3920 e packages..4.9 \n+00016c40: 4d61 696e 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7363 Main building sc\n+00016c50: 7269 7074 3a20 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f ript: ...debian/\n+00016c60: 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d rules....=======\n+00016c70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00016c80: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00016c90: 3d0a 0a54 6869 7320 6669 6c65 206d 7573 =..This file mus\n+00016ca0: 7420 6265 2061 6e20 6578 6563 7574 6162 t be an executab\n+00016cb0: 6c65 206d 616b 6566 696c 652e 2020 4974 le makefile. It\n+00016cc0: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7468 650a 7061 contains the.pa\n+00016cd0: 636b 6167 652d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2072 ckage-specific r\n+00016ce0: 6563 6970 6573 2066 6f72 2063 6f6d 7069 ecipes for compi\n+00016cf0: 6c69 6e67 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 ling the source \n+00016d00: 2869 6620 7265 7175 6972 6564 2920 616e (if required) an\n+00016d10: 640a 636f 6e73 7472 7563 7469 6e67 206f d.constructing o\n+00016d20: 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 2062 696e 6172 ne or more binar\n+00016d30: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e0a 0ae2 8098 y packages......\n+00016d40: 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 e280 9920 debian/rules... \n+00016d50: 6d75 7374 2073 7461 7274 2077 6974 6820 must start with \n+00016d60: 7468 6520 6c69 6e65 20e2 8098 2321 2f75 the line ...#!/u\n+00016d70: 7372 2f62 696e 2f6d 616b 6520 2d66 e280 sr/bin/make -f..\n+00016d80: 992c 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2069 740a 6361 ., so that it.ca\n+00016d90: 6e20 6265 2069 6e76 6f6b 6564 2062 7920 n be invoked by \n+00016da0: 7361 7969 6e67 2069 7473 206e 616d 6520 saying its name \n+00016db0: 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 696e 766f rather than invo\n+00016dc0: 6b69 6e67 20e2 8098 6d61 6b65 e280 990a king ...make....\n+00016dd0: 6578 706c 6963 6974 6c79 2e20 2054 6861 explicitly. Tha\n+00016de0: 7420 6973 2c20 696e 766f 6b69 6e67 2065 t is, invoking e\n+00016df0: 6974 6865 7220 6f66 20e2 8098 6d61 6b65 ither of ...make\n+00016e00: 202d 6620 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 -f debian/rules\n+00016e10: 2061 7267 732e 2e2e e280 990a 6f72 20e2 args.......or .\n+00016e20: 8098 2e2f 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 .../debian/rules\n+00016e30: 2061 7267 732e 2e2e e280 9920 6d75 7374 args...... must\n+00016e40: 2072 6573 756c 7420 696e 2069 6465 6e74 result in ident\n+00016e50: 6963 616c 2062 6568 6176 696f 722e 0a0a ical behavior...\n+00016e60: 5468 6520 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 The recommended \n+00016e70: 7761 7920 746f 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 way to implement\n+00016e80: 2074 6865 2062 7569 6c64 2070 726f 6365 the build proce\n+00016e90: 7373 206f 6620 6120 4465 6269 616e 2070 ss of a Debian p\n+00016ea0: 6163 6b61 6765 2c0a 696e 2074 6865 2061 ackage,.in the a\n+00016eb0: 6273 656e 6365 206f 6620 6120 676f 6f64 bsence of a good\n+00016ec0: 2072 6561 736f 6e20 746f 2075 7365 2061 reason to use a\n+00016ed0: 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2061 7070 726f different appro\n+00016ee0: 6163 682c 2069 7320 7468 6520 e280 9864 ach, is the ...d\n+00016ef0: 68e2 8099 0a74 6f6f 6c2e 2020 5468 6973 h....tool. This\n+00016f00: 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 7320 7468 6520 636f includes the co\n+00016f10: 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 7468 6520 e280 ntents of the ..\n+00016f20: 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 .debian/rules...\n+00016f30: 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7363 7269 7074 building script\n+00016f40: 2e0a e280 9864 68e2 8099 2069 7320 7468 .....dh... is th\n+00016f50: 6520 6d6f 7374 2063 6f6d 6d6f 6e20 7061 e most common pa\n+00016f60: 636b 6167 696e 6720 6865 6c70 6572 2074 ckaging helper t\n+00016f70: 6f6f 6c20 696e 2044 6562 6961 6e2e 2020 ool in Debian. \n+00016f80: 5573 696e 6720 6974 2077 696c 6c0a 7573 Using it will.us\n+00016f90: 7561 6c6c 7920 7361 7665 2065 6666 6f72 ually save effor\n+00016fa0: 7420 696e 2063 6f6d 706c 7969 6e67 2077 t in complying w\n+00016fb0: 6974 6820 7468 6520 7275 6c65 7320 696e ith the rules in\n+00016fc0: 2074 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2c0a this document,.\n+00016fd0: 6265 6361 7573 6520 e280 9864 68e2 8099 because ...dh...\n+00016fe0: 2077 696c 6c20 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 will automatica\n+00016ff0: 6c6c 7920 696d 706c 656d 656e 7420 6d61 lly implement ma\n+00017000: 6e79 206f 6620 7468 656d 2077 6974 686f ny of them witho\n+00017010: 7574 2072 6571 7569 7269 6e67 0a65 7870 ut requiring.exp\n+00017020: 6c69 6369 7420 696e 7374 7275 6374 696f licit instructio\n+00017030: 6e73 2e0a 0a54 6865 7265 2061 7265 2073 ns...There are s\n+00017040: 6f6d 6574 696d 6573 2067 6f6f 6420 7265 ometimes good re\n+00017050: 6173 6f6e 7320 746f 2075 7365 2061 2064 asons to use a d\n+00017060: 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2061 7070 726f 6163 ifferent approac\n+00017070: 682e 2020 466f 720a 6578 616d 706c 652c h. For.example,\n+00017080: 2074 6865 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 746f the standard to\n+00017090: 6f6c 7320 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 696e ols for packagin\n+000170a0: 6720 736f 6674 7761 7265 2077 7269 7474 g software writt\n+000170b0: 656e 2069 6e20 736f 6d65 0a6c 616e 6775 en in some.langu\n+000170c0: 6167 6573 206d 6179 2075 7365 2061 6e6f ages may use ano\n+000170d0: 7468 6572 2074 6f6f 6c3b 2073 6f6d 6520 ther tool; some \n+000170e0: 7261 7265 7220 7061 636b 6167 696e 6720 rarer packaging \n+000170f0: 7061 7474 6572 6e73 2c20 7375 6368 2061 patterns, such a\n+00017100: 730a 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2062 7569 6c64 s.multiple build\n+00017110: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 736f s of the same so\n+00017120: 6674 7761 7265 2077 6974 6820 6469 6666 ftware with diff\n+00017130: 6572 656e 7420 6f70 7469 6f6e 732c 2061 erent options, a\n+00017140: 7265 2065 6173 6965 720a 746f 2065 7870 re easier.to exp\n+00017150: 7265 7373 2077 6974 6820 6f74 6865 7220 ress with other \n+00017160: 746f 6f6c 733b 2061 6e64 2061 2070 6163 tools; and a pac\n+00017170: 6b61 6765 7220 776f 726b 696e 6720 6f6e kager working on\n+00017180: 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 0a70 6163 a different.pac\n+00017190: 6b61 6769 6e67 2068 656c 7065 7220 6d69 kaging helper mi\n+000171a0: 6768 7420 7761 6e74 2074 6f20 7573 6520 ght want to use \n+000171b0: 7468 6569 7220 746f 6f6c 2e20 2054 6865 their tool. The\n+000171c0: 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6174 696f 6e20 recommendation \n+000171d0: 746f 0a75 7365 20e2 8098 6468 e280 9920 to.use ...dh... \n+000171e0: 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2061 6c77 6179 7320 does not always \n+000171f0: 6170 706c 792c 2061 6e64 2075 7365 206f apply, and use o\n+00017200: 6620 e280 9864 68e2 8099 2069 7320 6e6f f ...dh... is no\n+00017210: 7420 7265 7175 6972 6564 2e0a 0a46 6f72 t required...For\n+00017220: 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f more informatio\n+00017230: 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 686f 7720 746f 2075 n about how to u\n+00017240: 7365 20e2 8098 6468 e280 992c 2073 6565 se ...dh..., see\n+00017250: 2074 6865 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 the documentati\n+00017260: 6f6e 2069 6e20 7468 650a 6465 6268 656c on in the.debhel\n+00017270: 7065 7220 7061 636b 6167 652c 206d 6f73 per package, mos\n+00017280: 7420 6e6f 7461 626c 7920 7468 6520 e280 t notably the ..\n+00017290: 9864 6828 3129 e280 9920 6d61 6e75 616c .dh(1)... manual\n+000172a0: 2070 6167 652e 0a0a 5468 6520 666f 6c6c page...The foll\n+000172b0: 6f77 696e 6720 7461 7267 6574 7320 6172 owing targets ar\n+000172c0: 6520 7265 7175 6972 6564 2061 6e64 206d e required and m\n+000172d0: 7573 7420 6265 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 ust be implement\n+000172e0: 6564 2062 790a e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f ed by....debian/\n+000172f0: 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 3a20 e280 9863 6c65 rules...: ...cle\n+00017300: 616e e280 992c 20e2 8098 6269 6e61 7279 an..., ...binary\n+00017310: e280 992c 20e2 8098 6269 6e61 7279 2d61 ..., ...binary-a\n+00017320: 7263 68e2 8099 2c20 e280 9862 696e 6172 rch..., ...binar\n+00017330: 792d 696e 6465 70e2 8099 2c0a e280 9862 y-indep...,....b\n+00017340: 7569 6c64 e280 992c 20e2 8098 6275 696c uild..., ...buil\n+00017350: 642d 6172 6368 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 d-arch... and ..\n+00017360: 9862 7569 6c64 2d69 6e64 6570 e280 992e .build-indep....\n+00017370: 2020 5468 6573 6520 6172 6520 7468 6520 These are the \n+00017380: 7461 7267 6574 7320 6361 6c6c 6564 0a62 targets called.b\n+00017390: 7920 e280 9864 706b 672d 6275 696c 6470 y ...dpkg-buildp\n+000173a0: 6163 6b61 6765 e280 992e 0a0a 5369 6e63 ackage......Sinc\n+000173b0: 6520 616e 2069 6e74 6572 6163 7469 7665 e an interactive\n+000173c0: 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 ...debian/rules\n+000173d0: e280 9920 7363 7269 7074 206d 616b 6573 ... script makes\n+000173e0: 2069 7420 696d 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2074 it impossible t\n+000173f0: 6f0a 6175 746f 2d63 6f6d 7069 6c65 2074 o.auto-compile t\n+00017400: 6861 7420 7061 636b 6167 6520 616e 6420 hat package and \n+00017410: 616c 736f 206d 616b 6573 2069 7420 6861 also makes it ha\n+00017420: 7264 2066 6f72 206f 7468 6572 2070 656f rd for other peo\n+00017430: 706c 6520 746f 0a72 6570 726f 6475 6365 ple to.reproduce\n+00017440: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6269 6e61 7279 the same binary\n+00017450: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 616c 6c20 7265 package, all re\n+00017460: 7175 6972 6564 2074 6172 6765 7473 206d quired targets m\n+00017470: 7573 7420 6265 0a6e 6f6e 2d69 6e74 6572 ust be.non-inter\n+00017480: 6163 7469 7665 2e20 2049 7420 616c 736f active. 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(see\n+00017570: 202a 6e6f 7465 0a64 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 *note.debian/ru\n+00017580: 6c65 7320 616e 6420 4445 425f 4255 494c les and DEB_BUIL\n+00017590: 445f 4f50 5449 4f4e 533a 2037 642e 292e D_OPTIONS: 7d.).\n+000175a0: 2020 5468 6973 206d 616b 6573 206c 6966 This makes lif\n+000175b0: 6520 6561 7369 6572 2066 6f72 0a70 6f72 e easier for.por\n+000175c0: 7465 7273 2061 6e64 2062 7567 2073 7175 ters and bug squ\n+000175d0: 6173 6865 7273 206d 6f72 6520 6765 6e65 ashers more gene\n+000175e0: 7261 6c6c 792c 2077 686f 2063 616e 206c rally, who can l\n+000175f0: 6f6f 6b20 6174 2062 7569 6c64 206c 6f67 ook at build log\n+00017600: 7320 666f 720a 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2070 s for.possible p\n+00017610: 726f 626c 656d 732e 2020 546f 2061 6363 roblems. To acc\n+00017620: 6f6d 706c 6973 6820 7468 6973 2c20 e280 omplish this, ..\n+00017630: 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 .debian/rules...\n+00017640: 2073 686f 756c 6420 7061 7373 2074 6f0a should pass to.\n+00017650: 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2069 7420 the commands it \n+00017660: 696e 766f 6b65 7320 6f70 7469 6f6e 7320 invokes options \n+00017670: 7468 6174 2063 6175 7365 2074 6865 6d20 that cause them \n+00017680: 746f 2070 726f 6475 6365 2076 6572 626f to produce verbo\n+00017690: 7365 0a6f 7574 7075 742e 2020 466f 7220 se.output. For \n+000176a0: 6578 616d 706c 652c 2074 6865 2062 7569 example, the bui\n+000176b0: 6c64 2074 6172 6765 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 ld target should\n+000176c0: 2070 6173 730a e280 982d 2d64 6973 6162 pass....--disab\n+000176d0: 6c65 2d73 696c 656e 742d 7275 6c65 73e2 le-silent-rules.\n+000176e0: 8099 2074 6f20 616e 7920 636f 6e66 6967 .. to any config\n+000176f0: 7572 6520 7363 7269 7074 732e 2020 5365 ure scripts. Se\n+00017700: 6520 616c 736f 202a 6e6f 7465 0a42 696e e also *note.Bin\n+00017710: 6172 6965 733a 2037 652e 0a0a 4578 6365 aries: 7e...Exce\n+00017720: 7074 2066 6f72 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 pt for packages \n+00017730: 696e 2074 6865 206e 6f6e 2d66 7265 6520 in the non-free \n+00017740: 6172 6368 6976 6520 7769 7468 2074 6865 archive with the\n+00017750: 20e2 8098 4175 746f 6275 696c 64e2 8099 ...Autobuild...\n+00017760: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 0a66 6965 6c64 2075 control.field u\n+00017770: 6e73 6574 206f 7220 7365 7420 746f 20e2 nset or set to .\n+00017780: 8098 6e6f e280 992c 2072 6571 7569 7265 ..no..., require\n+00017790: 6420 7461 7267 6574 7320 6d75 7374 206e d targets must n\n+000177a0: 6f74 2061 7474 656d 7074 206e 6574 776f ot attempt netwo\n+000177b0: 726b 0a61 6363 6573 732c 2065 7863 6570 rk.access, excep\n+000177c0: 742c 2076 6961 2074 6865 206c 6f6f 7062 t, via the loopb\n+000177d0: 6163 6b20 696e 7465 7266 6163 652c 2074 ack interface, t\n+000177e0: 6f20 7365 7276 6963 6573 206f 6e20 7468 o services on th\n+000177f0: 6520 6275 696c 640a 686f 7374 2074 6861 e build.host tha\n+00017800: 7420 6861 7665 2062 6565 6e20 7374 6172 t have been star\n+00017810: 7465 6420 6279 2074 6865 2062 7569 6c64 ted by the build\n+00017820: 2e0a 0a52 6571 7569 7265 6420 7461 7267 ...Required targ\n+00017830: 6574 7320 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2061 7474 ets must not att\n+00017840: 656d 7074 2074 6f20 7772 6974 6520 6f75 empt to write ou\n+00017850: 7473 6964 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2075 6e70 tside of the unp\n+00017860: 6163 6b65 640a 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 acked.source pac\n+00017870: 6b61 6765 2074 7265 652e 2020 5468 6572 kage tree. Ther\n+00017880: 6520 6172 6520 7477 6f20 6578 6365 7074 e are two except\n+00017890: 696f 6e73 2e20 2046 6972 7374 6c79 2c20 ions. Firstly, \n+000178a0: 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 0a74 6172 6765 the binary.targe\n+000178b0: 7473 206d 6179 2077 7269 7465 2074 6865 ts may write the\n+000178c0: 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 binary packages\n+000178d0: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7061 7265 6e74 2064 to the parent d\n+000178e0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 206f 6620 7468 650a irectory of the.\n+000178f0: 756e 7061 636b 6564 2073 6f75 7263 6520 unpacked source \n+00017900: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7472 6565 2e20 2053 package tree. 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The content\n+0001b470: 7320 6f66 2074 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 s of this variab\n+0001b480: 6c65 0a69 7320 6120 7370 6163 6520 7365 le.is a space se\n+0001b490: 7061 7261 7465 6420 6c69 7374 2c20 7468 parated list, th\n+0001b4a0: 6520 6669 7273 7420 656e 7472 7920 6f66 e first entry of\n+0001b4b0: 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 7468 6520 636f which is the co\n+0001b4c0: 6d6d 616e 642c 2061 6e64 0a74 6865 2070 mmand, and.the p\n+0001b4d0: 726f 6365 6564 696e 6720 656e 7472 6965 roceeding entrie\n+0001b4e0: 7320 6f66 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 2061 s of which are a\n+0001b4f0: 7267 756d 656e 7473 2074 6f20 7468 6520 rguments to the \n+0001b500: 636f 6d6d 616e 642e 2020 5468 6520 e280 command. The ..\n+0001b510: 9867 6169 6e0a 726f 6f74 2063 6f6d 6d61 .gain.root comma\n+0001b520: 6e64 e280 9920 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6176 nd... must be av\n+0001b530: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7669 6120 5041 5448 ailable via PATH\n+0001b540: 2e20 5468 6520 e280 9867 6169 6e20 726f . The ...gain ro\n+0001b550: 6f74 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 e280 9920 6d75 ot command... mu\n+0001b560: 7374 0a6e 6f74 2072 656c 7920 6f6e 2073 st.not rely on s\n+0001b570: 6865 6c6c 2066 6561 7475 7265 7320 6265 hell features be\n+0001b580: 6361 7573 6520 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f cause it will no\n+0001b590: 7420 6e65 6365 7373 6172 696c 7920 6265 t necessarily be\n+0001b5a0: 2069 6e76 6f6b 6564 0a76 6961 2061 2073 invoked.via a s\n+0001b5b0: 6865 6c6c 2e0a 0a54 6865 20e2 8098 6761 hell...The ...ga\n+0001b5c0: 696e 2072 6f6f 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 in root command.\n+0001b5d0: 8099 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 7275 6e20 .. must not run \n+0001b5e0: 696e 7465 7261 6374 6976 656c 792c 2069 interactively, i\n+0001b5f0: 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2070 726f 6d70 7469 ncluding prompti\n+0001b600: 6e67 0a66 6f72 2061 6e79 2075 7365 7220 ng.for any user \n+0001b610: 696e 7075 742e 2020 4974 206d 7573 7420 input. It must \n+0001b620: 6265 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 746f 2070 be possible to p\n+0001b630: 7265 7065 6e64 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6761 repend the ...ga\n+0001b640: 696e 2072 6f6f 740a 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 in root.command.\n+0001b650: 8099 2074 6f20 616e 2065 7869 7374 696e .. to an existin\n+0001b660: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 616e 6420 6974 g command and it\n+0001b670: 7320 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 732c 2077 6974 s arguments, wit\n+0001b680: 686f 7574 206e 6565 6469 6e67 2074 6f0a hout needing to.\n+0001b690: 616c 7465 7220 6f72 2071 756f 7465 2074 alter or quote t\n+0001b6a0: 6865 2065 7869 7374 696e 6720 636f 6d6d he existing comm\n+0001b6b0: 616e 6420 616e 6420 6974 7320 6172 6775 and and its argu\n+0001b6c0: 6d65 6e74 732e 2020 4675 7274 6865 726d ments. Furtherm\n+0001b6d0: 6f72 652c 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 6761 696e ore, the....gain\n+0001b6e0: 2072 6f6f 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 8099 root command...\n+0001b6f0: 206d 7573 7420 7072 6573 6572 7665 2061 must preserve a\n+0001b700: 6c6c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 ll environment v\n+0001b710: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2077 6974 686f 7574 ariables without\n+0001b720: 2074 6865 0a63 616c 6c65 7220 6861 7669 the.caller havi\n+0001b730: 6e67 2074 6f20 6578 706c 6963 6974 6c79 ng to explicitly\n+0001b740: 2072 6571 7565 7374 2061 6e79 2070 7265 request any pre\n+0001b750: 7365 7276 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 5468 6520 servation...The \n+0001b760: 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 6172 6520 6578 following are ex\n+0001b770: 616d 706c 6573 206f 6620 7661 6c69 6420 amples of valid \n+0001b780: 6761 696e 2072 6f6f 7420 636f 6d6d 616e gain root comman\n+0001b790: 6473 2028 696e 2073 796e 7461 7820 6f66 ds (in syntax of\n+0001b7a0: 0a73 6829 2c20 6173 7375 6d69 6e67 2074 .sh), assuming t\n+0001b7b0: 6865 2074 6f6f 6c73 2075 7365 6420 6172 he tools used ar\n+0001b7c0: 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 616e 6420 e available and \n+0001b7d0: 7072 6f70 6572 6c79 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 properly configu\n+0001b7e0: 7265 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 2043 6f6d red:.. # Com\n+0001b7f0: 6d61 6e64 2022 7375 646f 222c 2077 6974 mand \"sudo\", wit\n+0001b800: 6820 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7320 222d 6e45 h arguments \"-nE\n+0001b810: 2220 616e 6420 222d 2d22 0a20 2020 2020 \" and \"--\". \n+0001b820: 6578 706f 7274 2044 4542 5f47 4149 4e5f export DEB_GAIN_\n+0001b830: 524f 4f54 5f43 4d44 3d27 7375 646f 202d ROOT_CMD='sudo -\n+0001b840: 6e45 202d 2d27 0a20 2020 2020 2320 436f nE --'. # Co\n+0001b850: 6d6d 616e 6420 2266 616b 6572 6f6f 7422 mmand \"fakeroot\"\n+0001b860: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 7369 6e67 6c65 with the single\n+0001b870: 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 222d 2d22 0a20 argument \"--\". \n+0001b880: 2020 2020 6578 706f 7274 2044 4542 5f47 export DEB_G\n+0001b890: 4149 4e5f 524f 4f54 5f43 4d44 3d27 6661 AIN_ROOT_CMD='fa\n+0001b8a0: 6b65 726f 6f74 202d 2d27 0a0a 4578 616d keroot --'..Exam\n+0001b8b0: 706c 6573 206f 6620 7661 6c69 6420 7573 ples of valid us\n+0001b8c0: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6761 696e e of the ...gain\n+0001b8d0: 2072 6f6f 7420 636f 6d6d 616e 64e2 8099 root command...\n+0001b8e0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2320 7368 2d73 796e :.. # sh-syn\n+0001b8f0: 7461 7820 2861 7373 756d 6573 2073 6574 tax (assumes set\n+0001b900: 202d 6520 7365 6d61 6e74 6963 7320 666f -e semantics fo\n+0001b910: 7220 6572 726f 7220 6861 6e64 6c69 6e67 r error handling\n+0001b920: 290a 2020 2020 2024 4445 425f 4741 494e ). $DEB_GAIN\n+0001b930: 5f52 4f4f 545f 434d 4420 736f 6d65 2d63 _ROOT_CMD some-c\n+0001b940: 6d64 202d 2d77 6869 6368 2d72 6571 7569 md --which-requi\n+0001b950: 7265 732d 726f 6f74 0a0a 2020 2020 2023 res-root.. #\n+0001b960: 2070 6572 6c0a 2020 2020 206d 7920 4063 perl. my @c\n+0001b970: 6d64 203d 2028 2773 6f6d 652d 636d 6427 md = ('some-cmd'\n+0001b980: 2c20 272d 2d77 6869 6368 2d72 6571 7569 , '--which-requi\n+0001b990: 7265 732d 726f 6f74 2729 3b0a 2020 2020 res-root');. \n+0001b9a0: 2075 6e73 6869 6674 2840 636d 642c 2073 unshift(@cmd, s\n+0001b9b0: 706c 6974 2827 2027 2c20 2445 4e56 7b44 plit(' ', $ENV{D\n+0001b9c0: 4542 5f47 4149 4e5f 524f 4f54 5f43 4d44 EB_GAIN_ROOT_CMD\n+0001b9d0: 7d29 2920 6966 2024 454e 567b 4445 425f })) if $ENV{DEB_\n+0001b9e0: 4741 494e 5f52 4f4f 545f 434d 447d 3b0a GAIN_ROOT_CMD};.\n+0001b9f0: 2020 2020 2073 7973 7465 6d28 4063 6d64 system(@cmd\n+0001ba00: 2920 3d3d 2030 206f 7220 6469 6528 2240 ) == 0 or die(\"@\n+0001ba10: 636d 6420 6661 696c 6564 2229 3b0a 0a1f cmd failed\");...\n+0001ba20: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n+0001ba30: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n+0001ba40: 3a20 5661 7269 6162 6c65 2073 7562 7374 : Variable subst\n+0001ba50: 6974 7574 696f 6e73 2064 6562 6961 6e2f itutions debian/\n+0001ba60: 7375 6273 7476 6172 732c 2020 4e65 7874 substvars, Next\n+0001ba70: 3a20 5570 7374 7265 616d 2073 6f75 7263 : Upstream sourc\n+0001ba80: 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2064 6562 6961 e location debia\n+0001ba90: 6e2f 7761 7463 682c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 n/watch, Prev: \n+0001baa0: 4d61 696e 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7363 Main building sc\n+0001bab0: 7269 7074 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 ript debian/rule\n+0001bac0: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 536f 7572 6365 2070 s, Up: Source p\n+0001bad0: 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a34 2e31 3020 5661 ackages..4.10 Va\n+0001bae0: 7269 6162 6c65 2073 7562 7374 6974 7574 riable substitut\n+0001baf0: 696f 6e73 3a20 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f ions: ...debian/\n+0001bb00: 7375 6273 7476 6172 73e2 8099 0a3d 3d3d substvars....===\n+0001bb10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001bb20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001bb30: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5768 ============..Wh\n+0001bb40: 656e 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 636f en ...dpkg-genco\n+0001bb50: 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 2067 656e 6572 6174 ntrol... generat\n+0001bb60: 6573 202a 6e6f 7465 2062 696e 6172 7920 es *note binary \n+0001bb70: 7061 636b 6167 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 package control \n+0001bb80: 6669 6c65 733a 2033 352e 0a28 e280 9844 files: 35..(...D\n+0001bb90: 4542 4941 4e2f 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 EBIAN/control...\n+0001bba0: 292c 2069 7420 7065 7266 6f72 6d73 2076 ), it performs v\n+0001bbb0: 6172 6961 626c 6520 7375 6273 7469 7475 ariable substitu\n+0001bbc0: 7469 6f6e 7320 6f6e 2069 7473 206f 7574 tions on its out\n+0001bbd0: 7075 740a 6a75 7374 2062 6566 6f72 6520 put.just before \n+0001bbe0: 7772 6974 696e 6720 6974 2e20 2056 6172 writing it. Var\n+0001bbf0: 6961 626c 6520 7375 6273 7469 7475 7469 iable substituti\n+0001bc00: 6f6e 7320 6861 7665 2074 6865 2066 6f72 ons have the for\n+0001bc10: 6d0a e280 9824 7b76 6172 6961 626c 657d m....${variable}\n+0001bc20: e280 992e 2020 5468 6520 6f70 7469 6f6e .... The option\n+0001bc30: 616c 2066 696c 6520 e280 9864 6562 6961 al file ...debia\n+0001bc40: 6e2f 7375 6273 7476 6172 73e2 8099 2063 n/substvars... c\n+0001bc50: 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ontains variable\n+0001bc60: 0a73 7562 7374 6974 7574 696f 6e73 2074 .substitutions t\n+0001bc70: 6f20 6265 2075 7365 643b 2076 6172 6961 o be used; varia\n+0001bc80: 626c 6573 2063 616e 2061 6c73 6f20 6265 bles can also be\n+0001bc90: 2073 6574 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 6672 set directly fr\n+0001bca0: 6f6d 0ae2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c om....debian/rul\n+0001bcb0: 6573 e280 9920 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 es... using the \n+0001bcc0: e280 982d 56e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 ...-V... option \n+0001bcd0: 746f 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 to the source pa\n+0001bce0: 636b 6167 696e 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 ckaging commands\n+0001bcf0: 2c0a 616e 6420 6365 7274 6169 6e20 7072 ,.and certain pr\n+0001bd00: 6564 6566 696e 6564 2076 6172 6961 626c edefined variabl\n+0001bd10: 6573 2061 7265 2061 6c73 6f20 6176 6169 es are also avai\n+0001bd20: 6c61 626c 652e 0a0a 5468 6520 e280 9864 lable...The ...d\n+0001bd30: 6562 6961 6e2f 7375 6273 7476 6172 73e2 ebian/substvars.\n+0001bd40: 8099 2066 696c 6520 6973 2075 7375 616c .. file is usual\n+0001bd50: 6c79 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 2061 6e64 ly generated and\n+0001bd60: 206d 6f64 6966 6965 640a 6479 6e61 6d69 modified.dynami\n+0001bd70: 6361 6c6c 7920 6279 20e2 8098 6465 6269 cally by ...debi\n+0001bd80: 616e 2f72 756c 6573 e280 9920 7461 7267 an/rules... targ\n+0001bd90: 6574 732c 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 6361 ets, in which ca\n+0001bda0: 7365 2069 7420 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7265 se it must be re\n+0001bdb0: 6d6f 7665 640a 6279 2074 6865 20e2 8098 moved.by the ...\n+0001bdc0: 636c 6561 6ee2 8099 2074 6172 6765 742e clean... target.\n+0001bdd0: 0a0a 5365 6520 e280 9864 6562 2d73 7562 ..See ...deb-sub\n+0001bde0: 7374 7661 7273 2835 29e2 8099 2066 6f72 stvars(5)... for\n+0001bdf0: 2066 756c 6c20 6465 7461 696c 7320 6162 full details ab\n+0001be00: 6f75 7420 736f 7572 6365 2076 6172 6961 out source varia\n+0001be10: 626c 650a 7375 6273 7469 7475 7469 6f6e ble.substitution\n+0001be20: 732c 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2074 6865 s, including the\n+0001be30: 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 6f66 20e2 8098 6465 format of ...de\n+0001be40: 6269 616e 2f73 7562 7374 7661 7273 e280 bian/substvars..\n+0001be50: 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 ......File: debi\n+0001be60: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n+0001be70: 204e 6f64 653a 2055 7073 7472 6561 6d20 Node: Upstream \n+0001be80: 736f 7572 6365 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 source location \n+0001be90: 6465 6269 616e 2f77 6174 6368 2c20 204e debian/watch, N\n+0001bea0: 6578 743a 2047 656e 6572 6174 6564 2066 ext: Generated f\n+0001beb0: 696c 6573 206c 6973 7420 6465 6269 616e iles list debian\n+0001bec0: 2f66 696c 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2056 /files, Prev: V\n+0001bed0: 6172 6961 626c 6520 7375 6273 7469 7475 ariable substitu\n+0001bee0: 7469 6f6e 7320 6465 6269 616e 2f73 7562 tions debian/sub\n+0001bef0: 7374 7661 7273 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 stvars, Up: Sou\n+0001bf00: 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 342e rce packages..4.\n+0001bf10: 3131 2055 7073 7472 6561 6d20 736f 7572 11 Upstream sour\n+0001bf20: 6365 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e3a 20e2 8098 ce location: ...\n+0001bf30: 6465 6269 616e 2f77 6174 6368 e280 990a debian/watch....\n+0001bf40: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001bf50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001bf60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 =============..T\n+0001bf70: 6869 7320 6973 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 his is a configu\n+0001bf80: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 666f 7220 ration file for \n+0001bf90: 7468 6520 e280 9875 7363 616e e280 9920 the ...uscan... \n+0001bfa0: 7574 696c 6974 7920 7768 6963 6820 6465 utility which de\n+0001bfb0: 6669 6e65 7320 686f 770a 746f 2061 7574 fines how.to aut\n+0001bfc0: 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2073 6361 6e20 omatically scan \n+0001bfd0: 6674 7020 6f72 2068 7474 7020 7369 7465 ftp or http site\n+0001bfe0: 7320 666f 7220 6e65 776c 7920 6176 6169 s for newly avai\n+0001bff0: 6c61 626c 6520 7570 6461 7465 7320 6f66 lable updates of\n+0001c000: 0a74 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 2054 .the package. T\n+0001c010: 6869 7320 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 7573 6564 his is also used\n+0001c020: 2062 7920 736f 6d65 2044 6562 6961 6e20 by some Debian \n+0001c030: 5141 2074 6f6f 6c73 2074 6f20 6865 6c70 QA tools to help\n+0001c040: 2077 6974 680a 7175 616c 6974 7920 636f with.quality co\n+0001c050: 6e74 726f 6c20 616e 6420 6d61 696e 7465 ntrol and mainte\n+0001c060: 6e61 6e63 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6973 nance of the dis\n+0001c070: 7472 6962 7574 696f 6e20 6173 2061 2077 tribution as a w\n+0001c080: 686f 6c65 2e20 2049 6620 7468 650a 7570 hole. If the.up\n+0001c090: 7374 7265 616d 2073 6f75 7263 6520 6f66 stream source of\n+0001c0a0: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 the package is \n+0001c0b0: 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 7669 6120 6120 available via a \n+0001c0c0: 6d65 6368 6169 736d 2074 6861 7420 e280 mechaism that ..\n+0001c0d0: 9875 7363 616e e280 990a 756e 6465 7273 .uscan....unders\n+0001c0e0: 7461 6e64 732c 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 tands, including\n+0001c0f0: 2074 6869 7320 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 this configurat\n+0001c100: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7265 636f ion file is reco\n+0001c110: 6d6d 656e 6465 642e 0a0a 4966 2074 6865 mmended...If the\n+0001c120: 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 6d61 696e 7461 upstream mainta\n+0001c130: 696e 6572 206f 6620 7468 6520 736f 6674 iner of the soft\n+0001c140: 7761 7265 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 4f70 ware provides Op\n+0001c150: 656e 5047 5020 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 enPGP signatures\n+0001c160: 0a66 6f72 206e 6577 2072 656c 6561 7365 .for new release\n+0001c170: 732c 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2074 6865 s, including the\n+0001c180: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2072 6571 information req\n+0001c190: 7569 7265 6420 666f 7220 e280 9875 7363 uired for ...usc\n+0001c1a0: 616e e280 9920 746f 0a76 6572 6966 7920 an... to.verify \n+0001c1b0: 7369 676e 6174 7572 6573 2066 6f72 206e signatures for n\n+0001c1c0: 6577 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 7265 6c65 ew upstream rele\n+0001c1d0: 6173 6573 2069 7320 616c 736f 2072 6563 ases is also rec\n+0001c1e0: 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 2e20 2054 6f20 646f ommended. To do\n+0001c1f0: 0a74 6869 732c 2075 7365 2074 6865 20e2 .this, use the .\n+0001c200: 8098 7067 7073 6967 7572 6c6d 616e 676c ..pgpsigurlmangl\n+0001c210: 65e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e20 696e 20e2 e... option in .\n+0001c220: 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f77 6174 6368 e280 ..debian/watch..\n+0001c230: 9920 746f 2073 7065 6369 6679 2074 6865 . to specify the\n+0001c240: 0a6c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 .location of the\n+0001c250: 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 7369 676e 6174 upstream signat\n+0001c260: 7572 652c 2061 6e64 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 ure, and include\n+0001c270: 2074 6865 206b 6579 206f 7220 6b65 7973 the key or keys\n+0001c280: 2075 7365 6420 746f 0a73 6967 6e20 7570 used to.sign up\n+0001c290: 7374 7265 616d 2072 656c 6561 7365 7320 stream releases \n+0001c2a0: 696e 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 736f in the Debian so\n+0001c2b0: 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 730a urce package as.\n+0001c2c0: e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7570 7374 7265 ...debian/upstre\n+0001c2d0: 616d 2f73 6967 6e69 6e67 2d6b 6579 2e61 am/signing-key.a\n+0001c2e0: 7363 e280 992e 0a0a 466f 7220 6d6f 7265 sc......For more\n+0001c2f0: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 626f information abo\n+0001c300: 7574 20e2 8098 7573 6361 6ee2 8099 2061 ut ...uscan... a\n+0001c310: 6e64 2074 6865 7365 206f 7074 696f 6e73 nd these options\n+0001c320: 2c20 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 686f 7720 , including how \n+0001c330: 746f 0a67 656e 6572 6174 6520 7468 6520 to.generate the \n+0001c340: 6669 6c65 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 file containing \n+0001c350: 7570 7374 7265 616d 2073 6967 6e69 6e67 upstream signing\n+0001c360: 206b 6579 732c 2073 6565 20e2 8098 7573 keys, see ...us\n+0001c370: 6361 6e28 3129 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 can(1)........Fi\n+0001c380: 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 le: debian-polic\n+0001c390: 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2047 y.info, Node: G\n+0001c3a0: 656e 6572 6174 6564 2066 696c 6573 206c enerated files l\n+0001c3b0: 6973 7420 6465 6269 616e 2f66 696c 6573 ist debian/files\n+0001c3c0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2045 6d62 6564 6465 , Next: Embedde\n+0001c3d0: 6420 636f 6465 2063 6f70 6965 732c 2020 d code copies, \n+0001c3e0: 5072 6576 3a20 5570 7374 7265 616d 2073 Prev: Upstream s\n+0001c3f0: 6f75 7263 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2064 ource location d\n+0001c400: 6562 6961 6e2f 7761 7463 682c 2020 5570 ebian/watch, Up\n+0001c410: 3a20 536f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 : Source package\n+0001c420: 730a 0a34 2e31 3220 4765 6e65 7261 7465 s..4.12 Generate\n+0001c430: 6420 6669 6c65 7320 6c69 7374 3a20 e280 d files list: ..\n+0001c440: 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 6669 6c65 73e2 8099 .debian/files...\n+0001c450: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+0001c460: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001c470: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6973 ==========..This\n+0001c480: 2066 696c 6520 6973 206e 6f74 2061 2070 file is not a p\n+0001c490: 6572 6d61 6e65 6e74 2070 6172 7420 6f66 ermanent part of\n+0001c4a0: 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7472 6565 the source tree\n+0001c4b0: 3b20 6974 2069 7320 7573 6564 2077 6869 ; it is used whi\n+0001c4c0: 6c65 0a62 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7061 636b le.building pack\n+0001c4d0: 6167 6573 2074 6f20 7265 636f 7264 2077 ages to record w\n+0001c4e0: 6869 6368 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 2062 hich files are b\n+0001c4f0: 6569 6e67 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 2e0a eing generated..\n+0001c500: e280 9864 706b 672d 6765 6e63 6861 6e67 ...dpkg-genchang\n+0001c510: 6573 e280 9920 7573 6573 2069 7420 7768 es... uses it wh\n+0001c520: 656e 2069 7420 6765 6e65 7261 7465 7320 en it generates \n+0001c530: 6120 e280 982e 6368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 a ....changes...\n+0001c540: 2066 696c 652e 0a0a 4974 2073 686f 756c file...It shoul\n+0001c550: 6420 6e6f 7420 6578 6973 7420 696e 2061 d not exist in a\n+0001c560: 2073 6869 7070 6564 2073 6f75 7263 6520 shipped source \n+0001c570: 7061 636b 6167 652c 2061 6e64 2073 6f20 package, and so \n+0001c580: 6974 2028 616e 6420 616e 790a 6261 636b it (and any.back\n+0001c590: 7570 2066 696c 6573 206f 7220 7465 6d70 up files or temp\n+0001c5a0: 6f72 6172 7920 6669 6c65 7320 7375 6368 orary files such\n+0001c5b0: 2061 7320 e280 9866 696c 6573 2e6e 6577 as ...files.new\n+0001c5c0: e280 9929 2028 3129 2073 686f 756c 6420 ...) 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It may al\n+0001c600: 736f 2062 6520 7769 7365 2074 6f20 656e so be wise to en\n+0001c610: 7375 7265 2061 2066 7265 7368 0a73 7461 sure a fresh.sta\n+0001c620: 7274 2062 7920 656d 7074 7969 6e67 206f rt by emptying o\n+0001c630: 7220 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 2069 7420 6174 r removing it at\n+0001c640: 2074 6865 2073 7461 7274 206f 6620 7468 the start of th\n+0001c650: 6520 e280 9862 696e 6172 79e2 8099 2074 e ...binary... t\n+0001c660: 6172 6765 742e 0a0a 5768 656e 20e2 8098 arget...When ...\n+0001c670: 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 dpkg-gencontrol.\n+0001c680: 8099 2069 7320 7275 6e20 666f 7220 6120 .. is run for a \n+0001c690: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 binary package, \n+0001c6a0: 6974 2061 6464 7320 616e 2065 6e74 7279 it adds an entry\n+0001c6b0: 2074 6f0a e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 6669 to....debian/fi\n+0001c6c0: 6c65 73e2 8099 2066 6f72 2074 6865 20e2 les... for the .\n+0001c6d0: 8098 2e64 6562 e280 9920 6669 6c65 2074 ...deb... file t\n+0001c6e0: 6861 7420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6372 6561 hat will be crea\n+0001c6f0: 7465 6420 7768 656e 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 ted when ...dpkg\n+0001c700: 2d64 6562 0a2d 2d62 7569 6c64 e280 9920 -deb.--build... \n+0001c710: 6973 2072 756e 2066 6f72 2074 6861 7420 is run for that \n+0001c720: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 binary package. \n+0001c730: 2053 6f20 666f 7220 6d6f 7374 2070 6163 So for most pac\n+0001c740: 6b61 6765 7320 616c 6c20 7468 6174 0a6e kages all that.n\n+0001c750: 6565 6473 2074 6f20 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 eeds to be done \n+0001c760: 7769 7468 2074 6869 7320 6669 6c65 2069 with this file i\n+0001c770: 7320 746f 2064 656c 6574 6520 6974 2069 s to delete it i\n+0001c780: 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9863 6c65 616e e280 n the ...clean..\n+0001c790: 9920 7461 7267 6574 2e0a 0a49 6620 6120 . target...If a \n+0001c7a0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7570 6c6f 6164 2069 package upload i\n+0001c7b0: 6e63 6c75 6465 7320 6669 6c65 7320 6265 ncludes files be\n+0001c7c0: 7369 6465 7320 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 sides the source\n+0001c7d0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 6e64 2061 6e79 package and any\n+0001c7e0: 0a62 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 .binary packages\n+0001c7f0: 2077 686f 7365 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 whose control f\n+0001c800: 696c 6573 2077 6572 6520 6d61 6465 2077 iles were made w\n+0001c810: 6974 6820 e280 9864 706b 672d 6765 6e63 ith ...dpkg-genc\n+0001c820: 6f6e 7472 6f6c e280 990a 7468 656e 2074 ontrol....then t\n+0001c830: 6865 7920 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 706c hey should be pl\n+0001c840: 6163 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7061 7265 aced in the pare\n+0001c850: 6e74 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 nt of the packag\n+0001c860: 65e2 8099 7320 746f 702d 6c65 7665 6c0a e...s top-level.\n+0001c870: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 616e 6420 e280 directory and ..\n+0001c880: 9864 706b 672d 6469 7374 6164 6466 696c .dpkg-distaddfil\n+0001c890: 65e2 8099 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2063 e... should be c\n+0001c8a0: 616c 6c65 6420 746f 2061 6464 2074 6865 alled to add the\n+0001c8b0: 2066 696c 6520 746f 2074 6865 0a6c 6973 file to the.lis\n+0001c8c0: 7420 696e 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f66 t in ...debian/f\n+0001c8d0: 696c 6573 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d iles...... ---\n+0001c8e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 ------- Footnote\n+0001c8f0: 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 s ----------.. \n+0001c900: 2028 3129 20e2 8098 6669 6c65 732e 6e65 (1) ...files.ne\n+0001c910: 77e2 8099 2069 7320 7573 6564 2061 7320 w... is used as \n+0001c920: 6120 7465 6d70 6f72 6172 7920 6669 6c65 a temporary file\n+0001c930: 2062 7920 e280 9864 706b 672d 6765 6e63 by ...dpkg-genc\n+0001c940: 6f6e 7472 6f6c e280 9920 616e 640a e280 ontrol... and...\n+0001c950: 9864 706b 672d 6469 7374 6164 6466 696c .dpkg-distaddfil\n+0001c960: 65e2 8099 202d 2074 6865 7920 7772 6974 e... - they writ\n+0001c970: 6520 6120 6e65 7720 7665 7273 696f 6e20 e a new version \n+0001c980: 6f66 20e2 8098 6669 6c65 73e2 8099 2068 of ...files... h\n+0001c990: 6572 6520 6265 666f 7265 0a72 656e 616d ere before.renam\n+0001c9a0: 696e 6720 6974 2c20 746f 2061 766f 6964 ing it, to avoid\n+0001c9b0: 206c 6561 7669 6e67 2061 2063 6f72 7275 leaving a corru\n+0001c9c0: 7074 6564 2063 6f70 7920 6966 2061 6e20 pted copy if an \n+0001c9d0: 6572 726f 7220 6f63 6375 7273 2e0a 0a1f error occurs....\n+0001c9e0: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n+0001c9f0: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n+0001ca00: 3a20 456d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f64 6520 : Embedded code \n+0001ca10: 636f 7069 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 copies, Next: S\n+0001ca20: 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6861 ource package ha\n+0001ca30: 6e64 6c69 6e67 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 5245 ndling debian/RE\n+0001ca40: 4144 4d45 2073 6f75 7263 652c 2020 5072 ADME source, Pr\n+0001ca50: 6576 3a20 4765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 6669 ev: Generated fi\n+0001ca60: 6c65 7320 6c69 7374 2064 6562 6961 6e2f les list debian/\n+0001ca70: 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5570 3a20 536f 7572 files, Up: Sour\n+0001ca80: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a34 2e31 ce packages..4.1\n+0001ca90: 3320 456d 6265 6464 6564 2063 6f64 6520 3 Embedded code \n+0001caa0: 636f 7069 6573 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d copies.=========\n+0001cab0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001cac0: 0a0a 536f 6d65 2073 6f66 7477 6172 6520 ..Some software \n+0001cad0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 packages include\n+0001cae0: 2069 6e20 7468 6569 7220 6469 7374 7269 in their distri\n+0001caf0: 6275 7469 6f6e 2063 6f6e 7665 6e69 656e bution convenien\n+0001cb00: 6365 2063 6f70 6965 730a 6f66 2063 6f64 ce copies.of cod\n+0001cb10: 6520 6672 6f6d 206f 7468 6572 2073 6f66 e from other sof\n+0001cb20: 7477 6172 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 tware packages, \n+0001cb30: 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 736f 2074 6861 generally so tha\n+0001cb40: 7420 7573 6572 7320 636f 6d70 696c 696e t users compilin\n+0001cb50: 670a 6672 6f6d 2073 6f75 7263 6520 646f g.from source do\n+0001cb60: 6ee2 8099 7420 6861 7665 2074 6f20 646f n...t have to do\n+0001cb70: 776e 6c6f 6164 206d 756c 7469 706c 6520 wnload multiple \n+0001cb80: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e20 2044 6562 6961 packages. Debia\n+0001cb90: 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a73 686f 756c n packages.shoul\n+0001cba0: 6420 6e6f 7420 6d61 6b65 2075 7365 206f d not make use o\n+0001cbb0: 6620 7468 6573 6520 636f 6e76 656e 6965 f these convenie\n+0001cbc0: 6e63 6520 636f 7069 6573 2075 6e6c 6573 nce copies unles\n+0001cbd0: 7320 7468 6520 696e 636c 7564 6564 0a70 s the included.p\n+0001cbe0: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 6578 706c 6963 ackage is explic\n+0001cbf0: 6974 6c79 2069 6e74 656e 6465 6420 746f itly intended to\n+0001cc00: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6973 be used in this\n+0001cc10: 2077 6179 2e20 2028 3129 2020 4966 2074 way. (1) If t\n+0001cc20: 6865 0a69 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 636f 6465 he.included code\n+0001cc30: 2069 7320 616c 7265 6164 7920 696e 2074 is already in t\n+0001cc40: 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 6172 6368 6976 he Debian archiv\n+0001cc50: 6520 696e 2074 6865 2066 6f72 6d20 6f66 e in the form of\n+0001cc60: 2061 206c 6962 7261 7279 2c0a 7468 6520 a library,.the \n+0001cc70: 4465 6269 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 Debian packaging\n+0001cc80: 2073 686f 756c 6420 656e 7375 7265 2074 should ensure t\n+0001cc90: 6861 7420 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 hat binary packa\n+0001cca0: 6765 7320 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6520 7468 ges reference th\n+0001ccb0: 650a 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 616c 7265 e.libraries alre\n+0001ccc0: 6164 7920 696e 2044 6562 6961 6e20 616e ady in Debian an\n+0001ccd0: 6420 7468 6520 636f 6e76 656e 6965 6e63 d the convenienc\n+0001cce0: 6520 636f 7079 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7573 e copy is not us\n+0001ccf0: 6564 2e20 2049 660a 7468 6520 696e 636c ed. If.the incl\n+0001cd00: 7564 6564 2063 6f64 6520 6973 206e 6f74 uded code is not\n+0001cd10: 2061 6c72 6561 6479 2069 6e20 4465 6269 already in Debi\n+0001cd20: 616e 2c20 6974 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 an, it should be\n+0001cd30: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 640a 7365 7061 7261 packaged.separa\n+0001cd40: 7465 6c79 2061 7320 6120 7072 6572 6571 tely as a prereq\n+0001cd50: 7569 7369 7465 2069 6620 706f 7373 6962 uisite if possib\n+0001cd60: 6c65 2e20 2028 3229 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d le. (2).. ---\n+0001cd70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 ------- Footnote\n+0001cd80: 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 s ----------.. \n+0001cd90: 2028 3129 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 (1) For example\n+0001cda0: 2c20 7061 7274 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2047 , parts of the G\n+0001cdb0: 4e55 2062 7569 6c64 2073 7973 7465 6d20 NU build system \n+0001cdc0: 776f 726b 206c 696b 6520 7468 6973 2e0a work like this..\n+0001cdd0: 0a20 2020 2832 2920 4861 7669 6e67 206d . (2) Having m\n+0001cde0: 756c 7469 706c 6520 636f 7069 6573 206f ultiple copies o\n+0001cdf0: 6620 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2063 6f64 6520 f the same code \n+0001ce00: 696e 2044 6562 6961 6e20 6973 2069 6e65 in Debian is ine\n+0001ce10: 6666 6963 6965 6e74 2c0a 6f66 7465 6e20 fficient,.often \n+0001ce20: 6372 6561 7465 7320 6569 7468 6572 2073 creates either s\n+0001ce30: 7461 7469 6320 6c69 6e6b 696e 6720 6f72 tatic linking or\n+0001ce40: 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 shared library \n+0001ce50: 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 732c 2061 6e64 2c0a conflicts, and,.\n+0001ce60: 6d6f 7374 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 6c79 most importantly\n+0001ce70: 2c20 696e 6372 6561 7365 7320 7468 6520 , increases the \n+0001ce80: 6469 6666 6963 756c 7479 206f 6620 6861 difficulty of ha\n+0001ce90: 6e64 6c69 6e67 2073 6563 7572 6974 790a ndling security.\n+0001cea0: 7675 6c6e 6572 6162 696c 6974 6965 7320 vulnerabilities \n+0001ceb0: 696e 2074 6865 2064 7570 6c69 6361 7465 in the duplicate\n+0001cec0: 6420 636f 6465 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a d code.....File:\n+0001ced0: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n+0001cee0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 536f 7572 nfo, Node: Sour\n+0001cef0: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 616e 646c ce package handl\n+0001cf00: 696e 6720 6465 6269 616e 2f52 4541 444d ing debian/READM\n+0001cf10: 4520 736f 7572 6365 2c20 204e 6578 743a E source, Next:\n+0001cf20: 2052 6570 726f 6475 6369 6269 6c69 7479 Reproducibility\n+0001cf30: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2045 6d62 6564 6465 , Prev: Embedde\n+0001cf40: 6420 636f 6465 2063 6f70 6965 732c 2020 d code copies, \n+0001cf50: 5570 3a20 536f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 Up: Source packa\n+0001cf60: 6765 730a 0a34 2e31 3420 536f 7572 6365 ges..4.14 Source\n+0001cf70: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 616e 646c 696e package handlin\n+0001cf80: 673a 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f52 4541 g: ...debian/REA\n+0001cf90: 444d 452e 736f 7572 6365 e280 990a 3d3d DME.source....==\n+0001cfa0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001cfb0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001cfc0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001cfd0: 3d3d 0a0a 4966 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 20e2 ==..If running .\n+0001cfe0: 8098 6470 6b67 2d73 6f75 7263 6520 2d78 ..dpkg-source -x\n+0001cff0: e280 9920 6f6e 2061 2073 6f75 7263 6520 ... on a source \n+0001d000: 7061 636b 6167 6520 646f 6573 6ee2 8099 package doesn...\n+0001d010: 7420 7072 6f64 7563 6520 7468 650a 736f t produce the.so\n+0001d020: 7572 6365 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b urce of the pack\n+0001d030: 6167 652c 2072 6561 6479 2066 6f72 2065 age, ready for e\n+0001d040: 6469 7469 6e67 2c20 616e 6420 616c 6c6f diting, and allo\n+0001d050: 7720 6f6e 6520 746f 206d 616b 6520 6368 w one to make ch\n+0001d060: 616e 6765 730a 616e 6420 7275 6e20 e280 anges.and run ..\n+0001d070: 9864 706b 672d 6275 696c 6470 6163 6b61 .dpkg-buildpacka\n+0001d080: 6765 e280 9920 746f 2070 726f 6475 6365 ge... to produce\n+0001d090: 2061 206d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 7061 636b a modified pack\n+0001d0a0: 6167 6520 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7461 6b69 age without taki\n+0001d0b0: 6e67 0a61 6e79 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 ng.any additiona\n+0001d0c0: 6c20 7374 6570 732c 2063 7265 6174 696e l steps, creatin\n+0001d0d0: 6720 6120 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 5245 g a ...debian/RE\n+0001d0e0: 4144 4d45 2e73 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 2064 ADME.source... d\n+0001d0f0: 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 0a66 696c ocumentation.fil\n+0001d100: 6520 6973 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 e is recommended\n+0001d110: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6669 6c65 2073 686f . This file sho\n+0001d120: 756c 6420 6578 706c 6169 6e20 686f 7720 uld explain how \n+0001d130: 746f 2064 6f20 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 to do all of the\n+0001d140: 0a66 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 3a0a 0a20 2031 .following:.. 1\n+0001d150: 2e20 4765 6e65 7261 7465 2074 6865 2066 . Generate the f\n+0001d160: 756c 6c79 2070 6174 6368 6564 2073 6f75 ully patched sou\n+0001d170: 7263 652c 2069 6e20 6120 666f 726d 2072 rce, in a form r\n+0001d180: 6561 6479 2066 6f72 2065 6469 7469 6e67 eady for editing\n+0001d190: 2c0a 2020 2020 2074 6861 7420 776f 756c ,. that woul\n+0001d1a0: 6420 6265 2062 7569 6c74 2074 6f20 6372 d be built to cr\n+0001d1b0: 6561 7465 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b eate Debian pack\n+0001d1c0: 6167 6573 2e20 2044 6f69 6e67 2074 6869 ages. Doing thi\n+0001d1d0: 7320 7769 7468 2061 0a20 2020 2020 e280 s with a. ..\n+0001d1e0: 9870 6174 6368 e280 9920 7461 7267 6574 .patch... target\n+0001d1f0: 2069 6e20 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 in ...debian/ru\n+0001d200: 6c65 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7265 636f 6d6d les... is recomm\n+0001d210: 656e 6465 643b 2073 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 ended; see *note\n+0001d220: 204d 6169 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 7569 6c64 Main. build\n+0001d230: 696e 6720 7363 7269 7074 3b20 6465 6269 ing script; debi\n+0001d240: 616e 2f72 756c 6573 3a20 3763 2e0a 0a20 an/rules: 7c... \n+0001d250: 2032 2e20 4d6f 6469 6679 2074 6865 2073 2. Modify the s\n+0001d260: 6f75 7263 6520 616e 6420 7361 7665 2074 ource and save t\n+0001d270: 686f 7365 206d 6f64 6966 6963 6174 696f hose modificatio\n+0001d280: 6e73 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 ns so that they \n+0001d290: 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 2020 2020 2061 7070 will be. app\n+0001d2a0: 6c69 6564 2077 6865 6e20 6275 696c 6469 lied when buildi\n+0001d2b0: 6e67 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a ng the package..\n+0001d2c0: 0a20 2033 2e20 5265 6d6f 7665 2073 6f75 . 3. Remove sou\n+0001d2d0: 7263 6520 6d6f 6469 6669 6361 7469 6f6e rce modification\n+0001d2e0: 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 2063 7572 7265 s that are curre\n+0001d2f0: 6e74 6c79 2062 6569 6e67 2061 7070 6c69 ntly being appli\n+0001d300: 6564 2077 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 7569 ed when. bui\n+0001d310: 6c64 696e 6720 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 lding the packag\n+0001d320: 652e 0a0a 2020 342e 204f 7074 696f 6e61 e... 4. Optiona\n+0001d330: 6c6c 792c 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 7768 lly, document wh\n+0001d340: 6174 2073 7465 7073 2061 7265 206e 6563 at steps are nec\n+0001d350: 6573 7361 7279 2074 6f20 7570 6772 6164 essary to upgrad\n+0001d360: 6520 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e 0a20 2020 e the Debian. \n+0001d370: 2020 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 source package\n+0001d380: 2074 6f20 6120 6e65 7720 7570 7374 7265 to a new upstre\n+0001d390: 616d 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2c20 6966 2061 am version, if a\n+0001d3a0: 7070 6c69 6361 626c 652e 0a0a 5468 6973 pplicable...This\n+0001d3b0: 2065 7870 6c61 6e61 7469 6f6e 2073 686f explanation sho\n+0001d3c0: 756c 6420 696e 636c 7564 6520 7370 6563 uld include spec\n+0001d3d0: 6966 6963 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 616e ific commands an\n+0001d3e0: 6420 6d65 6e74 696f 6e20 616e 790a 6164 d mention any.ad\n+0001d3f0: 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2072 6571 7569 7265 ditional require\n+0001d400: 6420 4465 6269 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 d Debian package\n+0001d410: 732e 2020 4974 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f s. It should no\n+0001d420: 7420 6173 7375 6d65 2066 616d 696c 6961 t assume familia\n+0001d430: 7269 7479 0a77 6974 6820 616e 7920 7370 rity.with any sp\n+0001d440: 6563 6966 6963 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 ecific Debian pa\n+0001d450: 636b 6167 696e 6720 7379 7374 656d 206f ckaging system o\n+0001d460: 7220 7061 7463 6820 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 r patch manageme\n+0001d470: 6e74 2074 6f6f 6c73 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 nt tools...This \n+0001d480: 6578 706c 616e 6174 696f 6e20 6d61 7920 explanation may \n+0001d490: 7265 6665 7220 746f 2061 2064 6f63 756d refer to a docum\n+0001d4a0: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 696e entation file in\n+0001d4b0: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6279 206f 6e65 206f stalled by one o\n+0001d4c0: 660a 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 f.the package...\n+0001d4d0: 7320 6275 696c 6420 6465 7065 6e64 656e s build dependen\n+0001d4e0: 6369 6573 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 7468 cies provided th\n+0001d4f0: 6174 2074 6865 2072 6566 6572 656e 6365 at the reference\n+0001d500: 640a 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 d.documentation \n+0001d510: 636c 6561 726c 7920 6578 706c 6169 6e73 clearly explains\n+0001d520: 2074 6865 7365 2074 6173 6b73 2061 6e64 these tasks and\n+0001d530: 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 6120 6765 6e65 7261 is not a genera\n+0001d540: 6c0a 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6520 6d61 6e75 l.reference manu\n+0001d550: 616c 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f52 al......debian/R\n+0001d560: 4541 444d 452e 736f 7572 6365 e280 9920 EADME.source... \n+0001d570: 6d61 7920 616c 736f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 may also include\n+0001d580: 2061 6e79 206f 7468 6572 2069 6e66 6f72 any other infor\n+0001d590: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2074 6861 7420 776f 756c mation that woul\n+0001d5a0: 640a 6265 2068 656c 7066 756c 2074 6f20 d.be helpful to \n+0001d5b0: 736f 6d65 6f6e 6520 6d6f 6469 6679 696e someone modifyin\n+0001d5c0: 6720 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 g the source pac\n+0001d5d0: 6b61 6765 2e20 2045 7665 6e20 6966 2074 kage. Even if t\n+0001d5e0: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a64 6f65 736e he package.doesn\n+0001d5f0: e280 9974 2066 6974 2074 6865 2061 626f ...t fit the abo\n+0001d600: 7665 2064 6573 6372 6970 7469 6f6e 2c20 ve description, \n+0001d610: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 6172 6520 maintainers are \n+0001d620: 656e 636f 7572 6167 6564 2074 6f0a 646f encouraged to.do\n+0001d630: 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 6e20 6120 e280 9864 cument in a ...d\n+0001d640: 6562 6961 6e2f 5245 4144 4d45 2e73 6f75 ebian/README.sou\n+0001d650: 7263 65e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 616e 7920 rce... file any \n+0001d660: 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 source package w\n+0001d670: 6974 6820 610a 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 ith a.particular\n+0001d680: 6c79 2063 6f6d 706c 6578 206f 7220 756e ly complex or un\n+0001d690: 696e 7475 6974 6976 6520 736f 7572 6365 intuitive source\n+0001d6a0: 206c 6179 6f75 7420 6f72 2062 7569 6c64 layout or build\n+0001d6b0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 2866 6f72 0a65 7861 system (for.exa\n+0001d6c0: 6d70 6c65 2c20 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 mple, a package \n+0001d6d0: 7468 6174 2062 7569 6c64 7320 7468 6520 that builds the \n+0001d6e0: 7361 6d65 2073 6f75 7263 6520 6d75 6c74 same source mult\n+0001d6f0: 6970 6c65 2074 696d 6573 2074 6f0a 6765 iple times to.ge\n+0001d700: 6e65 7261 7465 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 nerate different\n+0001d710: 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 binary packages\n+0001d720: 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 ).....File: debi\n+0001d730: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n+0001d740: 204e 6f64 653a 2052 6570 726f 6475 6369 Node: Reproduci\n+0001d750: 6269 6c69 7479 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204d bility, Next: M\n+0001d760: 6973 7369 6e67 2073 6f75 7263 6573 2064 issing sources d\n+0001d770: 6562 6961 6e2f 6d69 7373 696e 672d 736f ebian/missing-so\n+0001d780: 7572 6365 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 536f urces, Prev: So\n+0001d790: 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 616e urce package han\n+0001d7a0: 646c 696e 6720 6465 6269 616e 2f52 4541 dling debian/REA\n+0001d7b0: 444d 4520 736f 7572 6365 2c20 2055 703a DME source, Up:\n+0001d7c0: 2053 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 Source packages\n+0001d7d0: 0a0a 342e 3135 2052 6570 726f 6475 6369 ..4.15 Reproduci\n+0001d7e0: 6269 6c69 7479 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d bility.=========\n+0001d7f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a50 6163 ===========..Pac\n+0001d800: 6b61 6765 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 7569 kages should bui\n+0001d810: 6c64 2072 6570 726f 6475 6369 626c 792c ld reproducibly,\n+0001d820: 2077 6869 6368 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2070 which for the p\n+0001d830: 7572 706f 7365 7320 6f66 2074 6869 730a urposes of this.\n+0001d840: 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2028 3129 206d 6561 document (1) mea\n+0001d850: 6e73 2074 6861 7420 6769 7665 6e0a 0a20 ns that given.. \n+0001d860: 2020 2d20 6120 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 - a version of\n+0001d870: 2061 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 a source packag\n+0001d880: 6520 756e 7061 636b 6564 2061 7420 6120 e unpacked at a \n+0001d890: 6769 7665 6e20 7061 7468 3b0a 0a20 2020 given path;.. \n+0001d8a0: 2d20 6120 7365 7420 6f66 2076 6572 7369 - a set of versi\n+0001d8b0: 6f6e 7320 6f66 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 ons of installed\n+0001d8c0: 2062 7569 6c64 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 build dependenc\n+0001d8d0: 6965 733b 0a0a 2020 202d 2061 2073 6574 ies;.. - a set\n+0001d8e0: 206f 6620 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 of environment \n+0001d8f0: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2076 616c 7565 733b variable values;\n+0001d900: 0a0a 2020 202d 2061 2062 7569 6c64 2061 .. - a build a\n+0001d910: 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 653b 2061 6e64 rchitecture; and\n+0001d920: 0a0a 2020 202d 2061 2068 6f73 7420 6172 .. - a host ar\n+0001d930: 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 2c0a 0a72 6570 chitecture,..rep\n+0001d940: 6561 7465 646c 7920 6275 696c 6469 6e67 eatedly building\n+0001d950: 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b the source pack\n+0001d960: 6167 6520 666f 7220 7468 6520 6275 696c age for the buil\n+0001d970: 6420 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 206f d architecture o\n+0001d980: 6e20 616e 790a 6d61 6368 696e 6520 6f66 n any.machine of\n+0001d990: 2074 6865 2068 6f73 7420 6172 6368 6974 the host archit\n+0001d9a0: 6563 7475 7265 2077 6974 6820 7468 6f73 ecture with thos\n+0001d9b0: 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f 6620 7468 e versions of th\n+0001d9c0: 6520 6275 696c 640a 6465 7065 6e64 656e e build.dependen\n+0001d9d0: 6369 6573 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2061 cies installed a\n+0001d9e0: 6e64 2065 7861 6374 6c79 2074 686f 7365 nd exactly those\n+0001d9f0: 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 environment var\n+0001da00: 6961 626c 6520 7661 6c75 6573 2073 6574 iable values set\n+0001da10: 0a77 696c 6c20 7072 6f64 7563 6520 6269 .will produce bi\n+0001da20: 742d 666f 722d 6269 7420 6964 656e 7469 t-for-bit identi\n+0001da30: 6361 6c20 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 cal binary packa\n+0001da40: 6765 732e 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 7265 636f ges...It is reco\n+0001da50: 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 7468 6174 2070 6163 mmended that pac\n+0001da60: 6b61 6765 7320 7072 6f64 7563 6520 6269 kages produce bi\n+0001da70: 742d 666f 722d 6269 7420 6964 656e 7469 t-for-bit identi\n+0001da80: 6361 6c20 6269 6e61 7269 6573 0a65 7665 cal binaries.eve\n+0001da90: 6e20 6966 206d 6f73 7420 656e 7669 726f n if most enviro\n+0001daa0: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 nment variables \n+0001dab0: 616e 6420 6275 696c 6420 7061 7468 7320 and build paths \n+0001dac0: 6172 6520 7661 7269 6564 2e20 2049 7420 are varied. It \n+0001dad0: 6973 0a69 6e74 656e 6465 6420 666f 7220 is.intended for \n+0001dae0: 7468 6973 2073 7472 6963 7465 7220 7374 this stricter st\n+0001daf0: 616e 6461 7264 2074 6f20 7265 706c 6163 andard to replac\n+0001db00: 6520 7468 6520 6162 6f76 6520 7768 656e e the above when\n+0001db10: 2069 7420 6973 0a65 6173 6965 7220 666f it is.easier fo\n+0001db20: 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2074 6f20 6d65 r packages to me\n+0001db30: 6574 2069 742e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d et it... -----\n+0001db40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n+0001db50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n+0001db60: 3129 2054 6869 7320 6973 2044 6562 6961 1) This is Debia\n+0001db70: 6ee2 8099 7320 7072 6563 6973 6966 6963 n...s precisific\n+0001db80: 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2072 6570 ation of the rep\n+0001db90: 726f 6475 6369 626c 652d 6275 696c 6473 roducible-builds\n+0001dba0: 2e6f 7267 0a64 6566 696e 6974 696f 6e20 .org.definition \n+0001dbb0: 2868 7474 7073 3a2f 2f72 6570 726f 6475 (https://reprodu\n+0001dbc0: 6369 626c 652d 6275 696c 6473 2e6f 7267 cible-builds.org\n+0001dbd0: 2f64 6f63 732f 6465 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e /docs/definition\n+0001dbe0: 2f29 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 /).....File: deb\n+0001dbf0: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n+0001dc00: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d69 7373 696e 6720 Node: Missing \n+0001dc10: 736f 7572 6365 7320 6465 6269 616e 2f6d sources debian/m\n+0001dc20: 6973 7369 6e67 2d73 6f75 7263 6573 2c20 issing-sources, \n+0001dc30: 204e 6578 743a 2056 656e 646f 722d 7370 Next: Vendor-sp\n+0001dc40: 6563 6966 6963 2070 6174 6368 2073 6572 ecific patch ser\n+0001dc50: 6965 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5265 7072 ies, Prev: Repr\n+0001dc60: 6f64 7563 6962 696c 6974 792c 2020 5570 oducibility, Up\n+0001dc70: 3a20 536f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 : Source package\n+0001dc80: 730a 0a34 2e31 3620 4d69 7373 696e 6720 s..4.16 Missing \n+0001dc90: 736f 7572 6365 733a 20e2 8098 6465 6269 sources: ...debi\n+0001dca0: 616e 2f6d 6973 7369 6e67 2d73 6f75 7263 an/missing-sourc\n+0001dcb0: 6573 e280 990a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d es....==========\n+0001dcc0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001dcd0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001dce0: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 536f 6d65 7469 6d65 7320 ====..Sometimes \n+0001dcf0: 7570 7374 7265 616d 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f upstream does no\n+0001dd00: 7420 696e 636c 7564 6520 7468 6520 736f t include the so\n+0001dd10: 7572 6365 2063 6f64 6520 666f 7220 736f urce code for so\n+0001dd20: 6d65 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e0a 7468 6520 me files in.the \n+0001dd30: 7570 7374 7265 616d 2074 6172 6261 6c6c upstream tarball\n+0001dd40: 2e20 2049 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 2073 . In order to s\n+0001dd50: 6174 6973 6679 2074 6865 2044 4653 4720 atisfy the DFSG \n+0001dd60: 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2069 6e0a for packages in.\n+0001dd70: e280 986d 6169 6ee2 8099 206f 7220 e280 ...main... or ..\n+0001dd80: 9863 6f6e 7472 6962 e280 992c 2079 6f75 .contrib..., you\n+0001dd90: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6569 7468 6572 3a0a should either:.\n+0001dda0: 0a20 2031 2e20 7265 7061 636b 2074 6865 . 1. repack the\n+0001ddb0: 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 7461 7262 616c upstream tarbal\n+0001ddc0: 6c20 746f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2074 686f l to include tho\n+0001ddd0: 7365 2073 6f75 7263 6573 3b20 6f72 0a0a se sources; or..\n+0001dde0: 2020 322e 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2061 2063 2. include a c\n+0001ddf0: 6f70 7920 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 opy of the sourc\n+0001de00: 6573 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9864 6562 es in the ...deb\n+0001de10: 6961 6e2f 6d69 7373 696e 672d 736f 7572 ian/missing-sour\n+0001de20: 6365 73e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 6469 7265 ces.... dire\n+0001de30: 6374 6f72 792e 0a0a 5061 636b 6167 6520 ctory...Package \n+0001de40: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 6d61 7920 maintainers may \n+0001de50: 6f70 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2075 7365 2074 optionally use t\n+0001de60: 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2063 6f6e he following con\n+0001de70: 7665 6e74 696f 6e20 746f 0a6f 7267 616e vention to.organ\n+0001de80: 697a 6520 7468 6520 636f 6e74 656e 7473 ize the contents\n+0001de90: 206f 6620 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 6d69 of ...debian/mi\n+0001dea0: 7373 696e 672d 736f 7572 6365 73e2 8099 ssing-sources...\n+0001deb0: 3a20 666f 7220 6120 736f 7572 6365 6c65 : for a sourcele\n+0001dec0: 7373 2066 696c 650a e280 9866 6f6f e280 ss file....foo..\n+0001ded0: 9920 696e 2074 6865 2073 7562 6469 7265 . in the subdire\n+0001dee0: 6374 6f72 7920 e280 9862 6172 e280 9920 ctory ...bar... \n+0001def0: 6f66 2074 6865 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 of the upstream \n+0001df00: 7461 7262 616c 6c2c 2077 6865 7265 2074 tarball, where t\n+0001df10: 6865 0a73 6f75 7263 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 he.source of ...\n+0001df20: 666f 6fe2 8099 2068 6173 2065 7874 656e foo... has exten\n+0001df30: 7369 6f6e 20e2 8098 6261 7ae2 8099 2c20 sion ...baz..., \n+0001df40: 706c 6163 6520 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 place the source\n+0001df50: 2061 740a e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 6d69 at....debian/mi\n+0001df60: 7373 696e 672d 736f 7572 6365 732f 6261 ssing-sources/ba\n+0001df70: 722f 666f 6f2e 6261 7ae2 8099 2e20 2046 r/foo.baz.... F\n+0001df80: 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6163 636f or example, acco\n+0001df90: 7264 696e 6720 746f 2074 6869 730a 636f rding to this.co\n+0001dfa0: 6e76 656e 7469 6f6e 2c20 7468 6520 4320 nvention, the C \n+0001dfb0: 736f 7572 6365 2063 6f64 6520 6f66 2061 source code of a\n+0001dfc0: 6e20 6578 6563 7574 6162 6c65 20e2 8098 n executable ...\n+0001dfd0: 6368 6563 6b73 756d 2f75 7469 6ce2 8099 checksum/util...\n+0001dfe0: 2077 6f75 6c64 2062 650a 6c6f 6361 7465 would be.locate\n+0001dff0: 6420 6174 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f6d d at ...debian/m\n+0001e000: 6973 7369 6e67 2d73 6f75 7263 6573 2f63 issing-sources/c\n+0001e010: 6865 636b 7375 6d2f 7574 696c 2e63 e280 hecksum/util.c..\n+0001e020: 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 ......File: debi\n+0001e030: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n+0001e040: 204e 6f64 653a 2056 656e 646f 722d 7370 Node: Vendor-sp\n+0001e050: 6563 6966 6963 2070 6174 6368 2073 6572 ecific patch ser\n+0001e060: 6965 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4d69 7373 ies, Prev: Miss\n+0001e070: 696e 6720 736f 7572 6365 7320 6465 6269 ing sources debi\n+0001e080: 616e 2f6d 6973 7369 6e67 2d73 6f75 7263 an/missing-sourc\n+0001e090: 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 7263 6520 es, Up: Source \n+0001e0a0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 342e 3137 2056 packages..4.17 V\n+0001e0b0: 656e 646f 722d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2070 endor-specific p\n+0001e0c0: 6174 6368 2073 6572 6965 730a 3d3d 3d3d atch series.====\n+0001e0d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001e0e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a50 =============..P\n+0001e0f0: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 696e 2074 6865 2044 ackages in the D\n+0001e100: 6562 6961 6e20 6172 6368 6976 6520 7573 ebian archive us\n+0001e110: 696e 6720 7468 6520 332e 3020 2871 7569 ing the 3.0 (qui\n+0001e120: 6c74 2920 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 lt) source packa\n+0001e130: 6765 0a66 6f72 6d61 7420 6d75 7374 206e ge.format must n\n+0001e140: 6f74 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2061 206e 6f6e ot contain a non\n+0001e150: 2d64 6566 6175 6c74 2073 6572 6965 7320 -default series \n+0001e160: 6669 6c65 2e20 2054 6861 7420 6973 2c20 file. That is, \n+0001e170: 7468 6572 6520 6d75 7374 0a6e 6f74 2065 there must.not e\n+0001e180: 7869 7374 2061 2066 696c 6520 e280 9864 xist a file ...d\n+0001e190: 6562 6961 6e2f 7061 7463 6865 732f 666f ebian/patches/fo\n+0001e1a0: 6f2e 7365 7269 6573 e280 9920 666f 7220 o.series... for \n+0001e1b0: 616e 7920 e280 9866 6f6f e280 992e 0a0a any ...foo......\n+0001e1c0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n+0001e1d0: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n+0001e1e0: 653a 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 e: Control files\n+0001e1f0: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6972 2066 6965 6c64 and their field\n+0001e200: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5061 636b 6167 s, Next: Packag\n+0001e210: 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 e maintainer scr\n+0001e220: 6970 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c ipts and install\n+0001e230: 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6f63 6564 7572 652c ation procedure,\n+0001e240: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 536f 7572 6365 2070 Prev: Source p\n+0001e250: 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f ackages, Up: To\n+0001e260: 700a 0a35 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c p..5 Control fil\n+0001e270: 6573 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6972 2066 6965 es and their fie\n+0001e280: 6c64 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a lds.************\n+0001e290: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+0001e2a0: 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 5468 6520 7061 636b 6167 ****..The packag\n+0001e2b0: 6520 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 2073 7973 e management sys\n+0001e2c0: 7465 6d20 6d61 6e69 7075 6c61 7465 7320 tem manipulates \n+0001e2d0: 6461 7461 2072 6570 7265 7365 6e74 6564 data represented\n+0001e2e0: 2069 6e20 6120 636f 6d6d 6f6e 0a66 6f72 in a common.for\n+0001e2f0: 6d61 742c 206b 6e6f 776e 2061 7320 2763 mat, known as 'c\n+0001e300: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2064 6174 6127 2c20 7374 ontrol data', st\n+0001e310: 6f72 6564 2069 6e20 2763 6f6e 7472 6f6c ored in 'control\n+0001e320: 2066 696c 6573 272e 2020 436f 6e74 726f files'. Contro\n+0001e330: 6c0a 6669 6c65 7320 6172 6520 7573 6564 l.files are used\n+0001e340: 2066 6f72 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b for source pack\n+0001e350: 6167 6573 2c20 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 ages, binary pac\n+0001e360: 6b61 6765 7320 616e 6420 7468 6520 e280 kages and the ..\n+0001e370: 982e 6368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 0a66 696c ..changes....fil\n+0001e380: 6573 2077 6869 6368 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c es which control\n+0001e390: 2074 6865 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f the installatio\n+0001e3a0: 6e20 6f66 2075 706c 6f61 6465 6420 6669 n of uploaded fi\n+0001e3b0: 6c65 732e 2020 2831 290a 0a2a 204d 656e les. (1)..* Men\n+0001e3c0: 753a 0a0a 2a20 5379 6e74 6178 206f 6620 u:..* Syntax of \n+0001e3d0: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 733a 3a0a control files::.\n+0001e3e0: 2a20 4465 6269 616e 2073 6f75 7263 6520 * Debian source \n+0001e3f0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7465 6d70 6c61 7465 package template\n+0001e400: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 20e2 control files .\n+0001e410: 8093 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 636f 6e74 726f .. debian/contro\n+0001e420: 6c3a 3a0a 2a20 4465 6269 616e 2062 696e l::.* Debian bin\n+0001e430: 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 636f 6e74 ary package cont\n+0001e440: 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 e280 9320 4445 rol files ... DE\n+0001e450: 4249 414e 2f63 6f6e 7472 6f6c 3a3a 0a2a BIAN/control::.*\n+0001e460: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 Debian source p\n+0001e470: 6163 6b61 6765 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 ackage control f\n+0001e480: 696c 6573 20e2 8093 202e 6473 633a 2044 iles ... .dsc: D\n+0001e490: 6562 6961 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 ebian source pac\n+0001e4a0: 6b61 6765 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c kage control fil\n+0001e4b0: 6573 20e2 8093 2064 7363 2e0a 2a20 4465 es ... dsc..* De\n+0001e4c0: 6269 616e 2075 706c 6f61 6420 6368 616e bian upload chan\n+0001e4d0: 6765 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 ges control file\n+0001e4e0: 7320 e280 9320 2e63 6861 6e67 6573 3a20 s ... .changes: \n+0001e4f0: 4465 6269 616e 2075 706c 6f61 6420 6368 Debian upload ch\n+0001e500: 616e 6765 7320 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 anges control fi\n+0001e510: 6c65 7320 e280 9320 6368 616e 6765 732e les ... changes.\n+0001e520: 0a2a 204c 6973 7420 6f66 2066 6965 6c64 .* List of field\n+0001e530: 733a 3a0a 2a20 5573 6572 2d64 6566 696e s::.* User-defin\n+0001e540: 6564 2066 6965 6c64 733a 3a0a 2a20 4f62 ed fields::.* Ob\n+0001e550: 736f 6c65 7465 2066 6965 6c64 733a 3a0a solete fields::.\n+0001e560: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n+0001e570: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n+0001e580: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 e280 9864 ---.. (1) ...d\n+0001e590: 706b 67e2 8099 e280 9973 2069 6e74 6572 pkg......s inter\n+0001e5a0: 6e61 6c20 6461 7461 6261 7365 7320 6172 nal databases ar\n+0001e5b0: 6520 696e 2061 2073 696d 696c 6172 2066 e in a similar f\n+0001e5c0: 6f72 6d61 742e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ormat.....File: \n+0001e5d0: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+0001e5e0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 796e 7461 fo, Node: Synta\n+0001e5f0: 7820 6f66 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c x of control fil\n+0001e600: 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2044 6562 6961 es, Next: Debia\n+0001e610: 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 n source package\n+0001e620: 2074 656d 706c 6174 6520 636f 6e74 726f template contro\n+0001e630: 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 e280 9320 6465 6269 l files ... debi\n+0001e640: 616e 2f63 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2c20 2055 703a an/control, Up:\n+0001e650: 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 2061 Control files a\n+0001e660: 6e64 2074 6865 6972 2066 6965 6c64 730a nd their fields.\n+0001e670: 0a35 2e31 2053 796e 7461 7820 6f66 2063 .5.1 Syntax of c\n+0001e680: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 0a3d 3d3d ontrol files.===\n+0001e690: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0001e6a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4120 636f 6e74 ========..A cont\n+0001e6b0: 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 rol file consist\n+0001e6c0: 7320 6f66 206f 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 s of one or more\n+0001e6d0: 2073 7461 6e7a 6173 206f 6620 6669 656c stanzas of fiel\n+0001e6e0: 6473 2e20 2028 3129 2020 5468 650a 7374 ds. (1) The.st\n+0001e6f0: 616e 7a61 7320 6172 6520 7365 7061 7261 anzas are separa\n+0001e700: 7465 6420 6279 2065 6d70 7479 206c 696e ted by empty lin\n+0001e710: 6573 2e20 2050 6172 7365 7273 206d 6179 es. Parsers may\n+0001e720: 2061 6363 6570 7420 6c69 6e65 730a 636f accept lines.co\n+0001e730: 6e73 6973 7469 6e67 2073 6f6c 656c 7920 nsisting solely \n+0001e740: 6f66 2073 7061 6365 7320 616e 6420 7461 of spaces and ta\n+0001e750: 6273 2061 7320 7374 616e 7a61 2073 6570 bs as stanza sep\n+0001e760: 6172 6174 6f72 732c 2062 7574 2063 6f6e arators, but con\n+0001e770: 7472 6f6c 0a66 696c 6573 2073 686f 756c trol.files shoul\n+0001e780: 6420 7573 6520 656d 7074 7920 6c69 6e65 d use empty line\n+0001e790: 732e 2020 536f 6d65 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c s. Some control\n+0001e7a0: 2066 696c 6573 2061 6c6c 6f77 206f 6e6c files allow onl\n+0001e7b0: 7920 6f6e 6520 7374 616e 7a61 3b0a 6f74 y one stanza;.ot\n+0001e7c0: 6865 7273 2061 6c6c 6f77 2073 6576 6572 hers allow sever\n+0001e7d0: 616c 2c20 696e 2077 6869 6368 2063 6173 al, in which cas\n+0001e7e0: 6520 6561 6368 2073 7461 6e7a 6120 7573 e each stanza us\n+0001e7f0: 7561 6c6c 7920 7265 6665 7273 2074 6f20 ually refers to \n+0001e800: 610a 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 7061 636b a.different pack\n+0001e810: 6167 652e 2020 2846 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 age. (For examp\n+0001e820: 6c65 2c20 696e 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 le, in source pa\n+0001e830: 636b 6167 6573 2c20 7468 6520 6669 7273 ckages, the firs\n+0001e840: 7420 7374 616e 7a61 0a72 6566 6572 7320 t stanza.refers \n+0001e850: 746f 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 to the source pa\n+0001e860: 636b 6167 652c 2061 6e64 206c 6174 6572 ckage, and later\n+0001e870: 2073 7461 6e7a 6173 2072 6566 6572 2074 stanzas refer t\n+0001e880: 6f20 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 o binary package\n+0001e890: 730a 6765 6e65 7261 7465 6420 6672 6f6d s.generated from\n+0001e8a0: 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 652e 2920 2054 the source.) T\n+0001e8b0: 6865 206f 7264 6572 696e 6720 6f66 2074 he ordering of t\n+0001e8c0: 6865 2073 7461 6e7a 6173 2069 6e20 636f he stanzas in co\n+0001e8d0: 6e74 726f 6c0a 6669 6c65 7320 6973 2073 ntrol.files is s\n+0001e8e0: 6967 6e69 6669 6361 6e74 2e0a 0a45 6163 ignificant...Eac\n+0001e8f0: 6820 7374 616e 7a61 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 h stanza consist\n+0001e900: 7320 6f66 2061 2073 6572 6965 7320 6f66 s of a series of\n+0001e910: 2064 6174 6120 6669 656c 6473 2e20 2045 data fields. E\n+0001e920: 6163 6820 6669 656c 6420 636f 6e73 6973 ach field consis\n+0001e930: 7473 206f 660a 7468 6520 6669 656c 6420 ts of.the field \n+0001e940: 6e61 6d65 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7765 6420 6279 name followed by\n+0001e950: 2061 2063 6f6c 6f6e 2061 6e64 2074 6865 a colon and the\n+0001e960: 6e20 7468 6520 6461 7461 2f76 616c 7565 n the data/value\n+0001e970: 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 640a 7769 7468 associated.with\n+0001e980: 2074 6861 7420 6669 656c 642e 2020 5468 that field. Th\n+0001e990: 6520 6669 656c 6420 6e61 6d65 2069 7320 e field name is \n+0001e9a0: 636f 6d70 6f73 6564 206f 6620 5553 2d41 composed of US-A\n+0001e9b0: 5343 4949 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 730a SCII characters.\n+0001e9c0: 6578 636c 7564 696e 6720 636f 6e74 726f excluding contro\n+0001e9d0: 6c20 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2c20 7370 l characters, sp\n+0001e9e0: 6163 652c 2061 6e64 2063 6f6c 6f6e 2028 ace, and colon (\n+0001e9f0: 692e 652e 2c20 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 i.e., characters\n+0001ea00: 2069 6e20 7468 650a 7261 6e67 6573 2055 in the.ranges U\n+0001ea10: 2b30 3032 3120 28e2 8098 21e2 8099 2920 +0021 (...!...) \n+0001ea20: 7468 726f 7567 6820 552b 3030 3339 2028 through U+0039 (\n+0001ea30: e280 9839 e280 9929 2c20 616e 6420 552b ...9...), and U+\n+0001ea40: 3030 3342 2028 e280 983b e280 9929 2074 003B (...;...) t\n+0001ea50: 6872 6f75 6768 0a55 2b30 3037 4520 28e2 hrough.U+007E (.\n+0001ea60: 8098 7ee2 8099 292c 2069 6e63 6c75 7369 ..~...), inclusi\n+0001ea70: 7665 292e 2020 4669 656c 6420 6e61 6d65 ve). Field name\n+0001ea80: 7320 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2062 6567 696e s must not begin\n+0001ea90: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 656e with the commen\n+0001eaa0: 740a 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 2855 2b30 t.character (U+0\n+0001eab0: 3032 3320 e280 9823 e280 9929 2c20 6e6f 023 ...#...), no\n+0001eac0: 7220 7769 7468 2074 6865 2068 7970 6865 r with the hyphe\n+0001ead0: 6e20 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 2855 2b30 n character (U+0\n+0001eae0: 3032 4420 e280 982d e280 9929 2e0a 0a54 02D ...-...)...T\n+0001eaf0: 6865 2066 6965 6c64 2065 6e64 7320 6174 he field ends at\n+0001eb00: 2074 6865 2065 6e64 206f 6620 7468 6520 the end of the \n+0001eb10: 6c69 6e65 206f 7220 6174 2074 6865 2065 line or at the e\n+0001eb20: 6e64 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c61 7374 0a63 nd of the last.c\n+0001eb30: 6f6e 7469 6e75 6174 696f 6e20 6c69 6e65 ontinuation line\n+0001eb40: 2028 7365 6520 6265 6c6f 7729 2e20 2048 (see below). H\n+0001eb50: 6f72 697a 6f6e 7461 6c20 7768 6974 6573 orizontal whites\n+0001eb60: 7061 6365 2028 7370 6163 6573 2061 6e64 pace (spaces and\n+0001eb70: 2074 6162 7329 0a6d 6179 206f 6363 7572 tabs).may occur\n+0001eb80: 2069 6d6d 6564 6961 7465 6c79 2062 6566 immediately bef\n+0001eb90: 6f72 6520 6f72 2061 6674 6572 2074 6865 ore or after the\n+0001eba0: 2076 616c 7565 2061 6e64 2069 7320 6967 value and is ig\n+0001ebb0: 6e6f 7265 6420 7468 6572 653b 2069 740a nored there; it.\n+0001ebc0: 6973 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e61 6c20 is conventional \n+0001ebd0: 746f 2070 7574 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 to put a single \n+0001ebe0: 7370 6163 6520 6166 7465 7220 7468 6520 space after the \n+0001ebf0: 636f 6c6f 6e2e 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d colon. For exam\n+0001ec00: 706c 652c 2061 0a66 6965 6c64 206d 6967 ple, a.field mig\n+0001ec10: 6874 2062 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2050 6163 ht be:.. Pac\n+0001ec20: 6b61 6765 3a20 6c69 6263 360a 0a74 6865 kage: libc6..the\n+0001ec30: 2066 6965 6c64 206e 616d 6520 6973 20e2 field name is .\n+0001ec40: 8098 5061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 ..Package... and\n+0001ec50: 2074 6865 2066 6965 6c64 2076 616c 7565 the field value\n+0001ec60: 20e2 8098 6c69 6263 36e2 8099 2e0a 0a45 ...libc6......E\n+0001ec70: 6d70 7479 2066 6965 6c64 2076 616c 7565 mpty field value\n+0001ec80: 7320 6172 6520 6f6e 6c79 2070 6572 6d69 s are only permi\n+0001ec90: 7474 6564 2069 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2070 tted in source p\n+0001eca0: 6163 6b61 6765 2074 656d 706c 6174 6520 ackage template \n+0001ecb0: 636f 6e74 726f 6c0a 6669 6c65 7320 28e2 control.files (.\n+0001ecc0: 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f63 6f6e 7472 6f6c ..debian/control\n+0001ecd0: e280 9929 2e20 2053 7563 6820 6669 656c ...). Such fiel\n+0001ece0: 6473 2061 7265 2069 676e 6f72 6564 2e0a ds are ignored..\n+0001ecf0: 0a41 2073 7461 6e7a 6120 6d75 7374 206e .A stanza must n\n+0001ed00: 6f74 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 206d 6f72 6520 ot contain more \n+0001ed10: 7468 616e 206f 6e65 2069 6e73 7461 6e63 than one instanc\n+0001ed20: 6520 6f66 2061 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 e of a particula\n+0001ed30: 7220 6669 656c 640a 6e61 6d65 2e0a 0a54 r field.name...T\n+0001ed40: 6865 7265 2061 7265 2074 6872 6565 2074 here are three t\n+0001ed50: 7970 6573 206f 6620 6669 656c 6473 3a0a ypes of fields:.\n+0001ed60: 0a73 696d 706c 650a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 .simple.. Th\n+0001ed70: 6520 6669 656c 642c 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 e field, includi\n+0001ed80: 6e67 2069 7473 2076 616c 7565 2c20 6d75 ng its value, mu\n+0001ed90: 7374 2062 6520 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 206c st be a single l\n+0001eda0: 696e 652e 2020 466f 6c64 696e 6720 6f66 ine. Folding of\n+0001edb0: 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6669 656c 6420 . the field \n+0001edc0: 6973 206e 6f74 2070 6572 6d69 7474 6564 is not permitted\n+0001edd0: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2074 6865 2064 . This is the d\n+0001ede0: 6566 6175 6c74 2066 6965 6c64 2074 7970 efault field typ\n+0001edf0: 6520 6966 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6465 e if the. de\n+0001ee00: 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 finition of the \n+0001ee10: 6669 656c 6420 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2073 field does not s\n+0001ee20: 7065 6369 6679 2061 2064 6966 6665 7265 pecify a differe\n+0001ee30: 6e74 2074 7970 652e 0a0a 666f 6c64 6564 nt type...folded\n+0001ee40: 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2076 616c 7565 .. 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These comme\n+0001f4c0: 6e74 206c 696e 6573 2061 7265 2069 676e nt lines are ign\n+0001f4d0: 6f72 6564 2c20 6576 656e 2062 6574 7765 ored, even betwe\n+0001f4e0: 656e 2074 776f 0a63 6f6e 7469 6e75 6174 en two.continuat\n+0001f4f0: 696f 6e20 6c69 6e65 732e 2020 5468 6579 ion lines. They\n+0001f500: 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 656e 6420 6c6f 6769 do not end logi\n+0001f510: 6361 6c20 6c69 6e65 732e 0a0a 416c 6c20 cal lines...All \n+0001f520: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 6d75 control files mu\n+0001f530: 7374 2062 6520 656e 636f 6465 6420 696e st be encoded in\n+0001f540: 2055 5446 2d38 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d UTF-8... ----\n+0001f550: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 ------ Footnotes\n+0001f560: 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 ----------.. \n+0001f570: 2831 2920 5468 6520 7374 616e 7a61 7320 (1) The stanzas \n+0001f580: 736f 6d74 696d 6573 2075 7365 6420 746f somtimes used to\n+0001f590: 2062 6520 7265 6665 7272 6564 2074 6f20 be referred to \n+0001f5a0: 6173 2070 6172 6167 7261 7068 732c 2062 as paragraphs, b\n+0001f5b0: 7574 0a74 6861 7420 6361 7573 6564 2063 ut.that caused c\n+0001f5c0: 6f6e 6675 7369 6f6e 2077 6974 6820 7465 onfusion with te\n+0001f5d0: 7874 2070 6172 6167 7261 7068 7320 696e xt paragraphs in\n+0001f5e0: 2070 726f 7365 2c20 736f 2069 7420 6973 prose, so it is\n+0001f5f0: 206e 6f77 0a63 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 now.considered \n+0001f600: 6120 6469 7363 6f75 7261 6765 6420 7465 a discouraged te\n+0001f610: 726d 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 5468 6973 rm... 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They ar\n+0001ffe0: 6520 616c 736f 2072 6573 706f 6e73 6962 e also responsib\n+0001fff0: 6c65 2066 6f72 2064 6973 6361 7264 696e le for discardin\n+00020000: 6720 656d 7074 7920 6669 656c 6473 2e0a g empty fields..\n+00020010: 0a54 6865 2066 6965 6c64 7320 6865 7265 .The fields here\n+00020020: 206d 6179 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2076 6172 may contain var\n+00020030: 6961 626c 6520 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6573 iable references\n+00020040: 202d 2074 6865 6972 2076 616c 7565 7320 - their values \n+00020050: 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 7375 6273 7469 7475 will be.substitu\n+00020060: 7465 6420 6279 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d67 ted by ...dpkg-g\n+00020070: 656e 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 2c20 e280 encontrol..., ..\n+00020080: 9864 706b 672d 6765 6e63 6861 6e67 6573 .dpkg-genchanges\n+00020090: e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d73 ... or ...dpkg-s\n+000200a0: 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 0a77 6865 6e20 7468 ource....when th\n+000200b0: 6579 2067 656e 6572 6174 6520 6f75 7470 ey generate outp\n+000200c0: 7574 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 ut control files\n+000200d0: 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2056 6172 . See *note Var\n+000200e0: 6961 626c 650a 7375 6273 7469 7475 7469 iable.substituti\n+000200f0: 6f6e 733b 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 7375 6273 ons; debian/subs\n+00020100: 7476 6172 733a 2038 342e 2066 6f72 2064 tvars: 84. for d\n+00020110: 6574 6169 6c73 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a etails.....File:\n+00020120: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n+00020130: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 6269 nfo, Node: Debi\n+00020140: 616e 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 an binary packag\n+00020150: 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 e control files \n+00020160: e280 9320 4445 4249 414e 2f63 6f6e 7472 ... 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It consists\n+00020310: 206f 6620 610a 7369 6e67 6c65 2073 7461 of a.single sta\n+00020320: 6e7a 612e 0a0a 5468 6520 6669 656c 6473 nza...The fields\n+00020330: 2069 6e20 7468 6973 2066 696c 6520 6172 in this file ar\n+00020340: 653a 0a0a 2020 202d 202a 6e6f 7465 2050 e:.. - *note P\n+00020350: 6163 6b61 6765 3a20 3363 2e20 286d 616e ackage: 3c. (man\n+00020360: 6461 746f 7279 290a 0a20 2020 2d20 2a6e datory).. - *n\n+00020370: 6f74 6520 536f 7572 6365 3a20 3935 2e0a ote Source: 95..\n+00020380: 0a20 2020 2d20 2a6e 6f74 6520 5665 7273 . - *note Vers\n+00020390: 696f 6e3a 2034 312e 2028 6d61 6e64 6174 ion: 41. (mandat\n+000203a0: 6f72 7929 0a0a 2020 202d 202a 6e6f 7465 ory).. - *note\n+000203b0: 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 3a20 3266 2e20 2872 Section: 2f. (r\n+000203c0: 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 290a 0a20 2020 ecommended).. \n+000203d0: 2d20 2a6e 6f74 6520 5072 696f 7269 7479 - *note Priority\n+000203e0: 3a20 3332 2e20 2872 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 : 32. 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(1) It i\n+00021820: 7320 6375 7374 6f6d 6172 7920 746f 206c s customary to l\n+00021830: 6561 7665 2061 2073 7061 6365 2061 6674 eave a space aft\n+00021840: 6572 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206e er the package n\n+00021850: 616d 6520 6966 2061 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e ame if a.version\n+00021860: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6973 2073 7065 6369 number is speci\n+00021870: 6669 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 fied.....File: d\n+00021880: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 ebian-policy.inf\n+00021890: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d61 696e 7461 o, Node: Mainta\n+000218a0: 696e 6572 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2055 706c iner, Next: Upl\n+000218b0: 6f61 6465 7273 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2053 oaders, Prev: S\n+000218c0: 6f75 7263 652c 2020 5570 3a20 4c69 7374 ource, Up: List\n+000218d0: 206f 6620 6669 656c 6473 0a0a 352e 362e of fields..5.6.\n+000218e0: 3220 e280 984d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 72e2 2 ...Maintainer.\n+000218f0: 8099 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ...-------------\n+00021900: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 2070 6163 6b61 -----..The packa\n+00021910: 6765 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 72e2 8099 ge maintainer...\n+00021920: 7320 6e61 6d65 2061 6e64 2065 6d61 696c s name and email\n+00021930: 2061 6464 7265 7373 2e20 2054 6865 206e address. The n\n+00021940: 616d 6520 6d75 7374 2063 6f6d 650a 6669 ame must come.fi\n+00021950: 7273 742c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 656d rst, then the em\n+00021960: 6169 6c20 6164 6472 6573 7320 696e 7369 ail address insi\n+00021970: 6465 2061 6e67 6c65 2062 7261 636b 6574 de angle bracket\n+00021980: 7320 e280 983c 3ee2 8099 2028 696e 2052 s ...<>... 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See *\n+000220d0: 6e6f 7465 2053 6563 7469 6f6e 733a 2032 note Sections: 2\n+000220e0: 342e 0a0a 5768 656e 2069 7420 6170 7065 4...When it appe\n+000220f0: 6172 7320 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6465 ars in the ...de\n+00022100: 6269 616e 2f63 6f6e 7472 6f6c e280 9920 bian/control... \n+00022110: 6669 6c65 2c20 6974 2067 6976 6573 2074 file, it gives t\n+00022120: 6865 2076 616c 7565 2066 6f72 2074 6865 he value for the\n+00022130: 0a73 7562 6669 656c 6420 6f66 2074 6865 .subfield of the\n+00022140: 2073 616d 6520 6e61 6d65 2069 6e20 7468 same name in th\n+00022150: 6520 e280 9846 696c 6573 e280 9920 6669 e ...Files... fi\n+00022160: 656c 6420 6f66 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2e63 eld of the ....c\n+00022170: 6861 6e67 6573 e280 9920 6669 6c65 2e0a hanges... file..\n+00022180: 4974 2061 6c73 6f20 6769 7665 7320 7468 It also gives th\n+00022190: 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 666f 7220 7468 e default for th\n+000221a0: 6520 7361 6d65 2066 6965 6c64 2069 6e20 e same field in \n+000221b0: 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 the binary packa\n+000221c0: 6765 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 ges.....File: de\n+000221d0: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f bian-policy.info\n+000221e0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2050 7269 6f72 6974 , Node: Priorit\n+000221f0: 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5061 636b 6167 y, Next: Packag\n+00022200: 652c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5365 6374 696f e, Prev: Sectio\n+00022210: 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 4c69 7374 206f 6620 n, Up: List of \n+00022220: 6669 656c 6473 0a0a 352e 362e 3620 e280 fields..5.6.6 ..\n+00022230: 9850 7269 6f72 6974 79e2 8099 0a2d 2d2d .Priority....---\n+00022240: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 -------------..T\n+00022250: 6869 7320 6669 656c 6420 7265 7072 6573 his field repres\n+00022260: 656e 7473 2068 6f77 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 ents how importa\n+00022270: 6e74 2069 7420 6973 2074 6861 7420 7468 nt it is that th\n+00022280: 6520 7573 6572 2068 6176 6520 7468 6520 e user have the \n+00022290: 7061 636b 6167 650a 696e 7374 616c 6c65 package.installe\n+000222a0: 642e 2020 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 5072 d. See *note Pr\n+000222b0: 696f 7269 7469 6573 3a20 3331 2e0a 0a57 iorities: 31...W\n+000222c0: 6865 6e20 6974 2061 7070 6561 7273 2069 hen it appears i\n+000222d0: 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f n the ...debian/\n+000222e0: 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 2066 696c 652c control... file,\n+000222f0: 2069 7420 6769 7665 7320 7468 6520 7661 it gives the va\n+00022300: 6c75 6520 666f 7220 7468 650a 7375 6266 lue for the.subf\n+00022310: 6965 6c64 206f 6620 7468 6520 7361 6d65 ield of the same\n+00022320: 206e 616d 6520 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 name in the ...\n+00022330: 4669 6c65 73e2 8099 2066 6965 6c64 206f Files... field o\n+00022340: 6620 7468 6520 e280 982e 6368 616e 6765 f the ....change\n+00022350: 73e2 8099 2066 696c 652e 0a49 7420 616c s... file..It al\n+00022360: 736f 2067 6976 6573 2074 6865 2064 6566 so gives the def\n+00022370: 6175 6c74 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2073 616d ault for the sam\n+00022380: 6520 6669 656c 6420 696e 2074 6865 2062 e field in the b\n+00022390: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e0a inary packages..\n+000223a0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n+000223b0: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n+000223c0: 6465 3a20 5061 636b 6167 652c 2020 4e65 de: Package, Ne\n+000223d0: 7874 3a20 4172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 xt: Architecture\n+000223e0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2050 7269 6f72 6974 , Prev: Priorit\n+000223f0: 792c 2020 5570 3a20 4c69 7374 206f 6620 y, Up: List of \n+00022400: 6669 656c 6473 0a0a 352e 362e 3720 e280 fields..5.6.7 ..\n+00022410: 9850 6163 6b61 6765 e280 990a 2d2d 2d2d .Package....----\n+00022420: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 -----------..The\n+00022430: 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2062 696e name of the bin\n+00022440: 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 652e 0a0a 4269 ary package...Bi\n+00022450: 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206e 616d nary package nam\n+00022460: 6573 206d 7573 7420 666f 6c6c 6f77 2074 es must follow t\n+00022470: 6865 2073 616d 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2061 he same syntax a\n+00022480: 6e64 2072 6573 7472 6963 7469 6f6e 7320 nd restrictions \n+00022490: 6173 0a73 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 as.source packag\n+000224a0: 6520 6e61 6d65 732e 2020 5365 6520 2a6e e names. See *n\n+000224b0: 6f74 6520 536f 7572 6365 3a20 3935 2e20 ote Source: 95. \n+000224c0: 666f 7220 7468 6520 6465 7461 696c 732e for the details.\n+000224d0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e ....File: debian\n+000224e0: 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e -policy.info, N\n+000224f0: 6f64 653a 2041 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 ode: Architectur\n+00022500: 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4573 7365 6e74 e, Next: Essent\n+00022510: 6961 6c2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5061 636b ial, Prev: Pack\n+00022520: 6167 652c 2020 5570 3a20 4c69 7374 206f age, Up: List o\n+00022530: 6620 6669 656c 6473 0a0a 352e 362e 3820 f fields..5.6.8 \n+00022540: e280 9841 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 65e2 ...Architecture.\n+00022550: 8099 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ...-------------\n+00022560: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a44 6570 656e 6469 -------..Dependi\n+00022570: 6e67 206f 6e20 636f 6e74 6578 7420 616e ng on context an\n+00022580: 6420 7468 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 d the control fi\n+00022590: 6c65 2075 7365 642c 2074 6865 20e2 8098 le used, the ...\n+000225a0: 4172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 e280 9920 Architecture... \n+000225b0: 6669 656c 640a 6361 6e20 696e 636c 7564 field.can includ\n+000225c0: 6520 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 e the following \n+000225d0: 7365 7473 206f 6620 7661 6c75 6573 3a0a sets of values:.\n+000225e0: 0a20 2020 2d20 4120 756e 6971 7565 2073 . - A unique s\n+000225f0: 696e 676c 6520 776f 7264 2069 6465 6e74 ingle word ident\n+00022600: 6966 7969 6e67 2061 2044 6562 6961 6e20 ifying a Debian \n+00022610: 6d61 6368 696e 6520 6172 6368 6974 6563 machine architec\n+00022620: 7475 7265 2061 730a 2020 2020 2064 6573 ture as. des\n+00022630: 6372 6962 6564 2069 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 cribed in *note \n+00022640: 4172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 2073 7065 Architecture spe\n+00022650: 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2073 7472 696e cification strin\n+00022660: 6773 3a20 3662 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 416e gs: 6b... - An\n+00022670: 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6520 7769 architecture wi\n+00022680: 6c64 6361 7264 2069 6465 6e74 6966 7969 ldcard identifyi\n+00022690: 6e67 2061 2073 6574 206f 6620 4465 6269 ng a set of Debi\n+000226a0: 616e 206d 6163 6869 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 an machine. \n+000226b0: 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 732c 2073 architectures, s\n+000226c0: 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2041 7263 6869 7465 ee *note Archite\n+000226d0: 6374 7572 6520 7769 6c64 6361 7264 733a cture wildcards:\n+000226e0: 2062 342e 2020 e280 9861 6e79 e280 9920 b4. ...any... \n+000226f0: 6d61 7463 6865 730a 2020 2020 2061 6c6c matches. all\n+00022700: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 6d61 6368 696e 6520 Debian machine \n+00022710: 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 7320 616e architectures an\n+00022720: 6420 6973 2074 6865 206d 6f73 7420 6672 d is the most fr\n+00022730: 6571 7565 6e74 6c79 2075 7365 642e 0a0a equently used...\n+00022740: 2020 202d 20e2 8098 616c 6ce2 8099 2c20 - ...all..., \n+00022750: 7768 6963 6820 696e 6469 6361 7465 7320 which indicates \n+00022760: 616e 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 652d an architecture-\n+00022770: 696e 6465 7065 6e64 656e 7420 7061 636b independent pack\n+00022780: 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 202d 20e2 8098 736f age... - ...so\n+00022790: 7572 6365 e280 992c 2077 6869 6368 2069 urce..., which i\n+000227a0: 6e64 6963 6174 6573 2061 2073 6f75 7263 ndicates a sourc\n+000227b0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 652e 0a0a 496e 2074 e package...In t\n+000227c0: 6865 206d 6169 6e20 e280 9864 6562 6961 he main ...debia\n+000227d0: 6e2f 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 2066 696c n/control... fil\n+000227e0: 6520 696e 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 e in the source \n+000227f0: 7061 636b 6167 652c 2074 6869 7320 6669 package, this fi\n+00022800: 656c 6420 6d61 790a 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 eld may.contain \n+00022810: 7468 6520 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7661 6c75 the special valu\n+00022820: 6520 e280 9861 6c6c e280 992c 2074 6865 e ...all..., the\n+00022830: 2073 7065 6369 616c 2061 7263 6869 7465 special archite\n+00022840: 6374 7572 6520 7769 6c64 6361 7264 0ae2 cture wildcard..\n+00022850: 8098 616e 79e2 8099 2c20 6f72 2061 206c ..any..., or a l\n+00022860: 6973 7420 6f66 2073 7065 6369 6669 6320 ist of specific \n+00022870: 616e 6420 7769 6c64 6361 7264 2061 7263 and wildcard arc\n+00022880: 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 2073 6570 6172 hitectures separ\n+00022890: 6174 6564 2062 790a 7370 6163 6573 2e20 ated by.spaces. \n+000228a0: 2049 6620 e280 9861 6c6c e280 9920 6f72 If ...all... or\n+000228b0: 20e2 8098 616e 79e2 8099 2061 7070 6561 ...any... appea\n+000228c0: 7273 2c20 7468 6174 2076 616c 7565 206d rs, that value m\n+000228d0: 7573 7420 6265 2074 6865 2065 6e74 6972 ust be the entir\n+000228e0: 650a 636f 6e74 656e 7473 206f 6620 7468 e.contents of th\n+000228f0: 6520 6669 656c 642e 2020 4d6f 7374 2070 e field. 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I\n+00022ce0: 6e0a 6f74 6865 7220 776f 7264 732c 2069 n.other words, i\n+00022cf0: 6e20 e280 982e 6473 63e2 8099 2066 696c n ....dsc... fil\n+00022d00: 6573 2075 6e6c 696b 6520 7468 6520 e280 es unlike the ..\n+00022d10: 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 .debian/control.\n+00022d20: 8099 2c20 e280 9861 6c6c e280 9920 6d61 .., ...all... ma\n+00022d30: 790a 6f63 6375 7220 696e 2063 6f6d 6269 y.occur in combi\n+00022d40: 6e61 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 6820 7370 6563 nation with spec\n+00022d50: 6966 6963 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 ific architectur\n+00022d60: 6573 2e20 2054 6865 20e2 8098 4172 6368 es. 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(2) One com\n+00025080: 6d6f 6e20 7573 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 7ee2 mon use of ...~.\n+00025090: 8099 2069 7320 666f 7220 7570 7374 7265 .. is for upstre\n+000250a0: 616d 2070 7265 2d72 656c 6561 7365 732e am pre-releases.\n+000250b0: 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 0ae2 For example,..\n+000250c0: 8098 312e 307e 6265 7461 317e 7376 6e31 ..1.0~beta1~svn1\n+000250d0: 3234 35e2 8099 2073 6f72 7473 2065 6172 245... sorts ear\n+000250e0: 6c69 6572 2074 6861 6e20 e280 9831 2e30 lier than ...1.0\n+000250f0: 7e62 6574 6131 e280 992c 2077 6869 6368 ~beta1..., which\n+00025100: 2073 6f72 7473 2065 6172 6c69 6572 0a74 sorts earlier.t\n+00025110: 6861 6e20 e280 9831 2e30 e280 992e 0a0a han ...1.0......\n+00025120: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n+00025130: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n+00025140: 653a 2045 706f 6368 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 e: Epochs should\n+00025150: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2073 7061 7269 6e67 be used sparing\n+00025160: 6c79 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 7065 6369 ly, Next: Speci\n+00025170: 616c 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2063 6f6e 7665 al version conve\n+00025180: 6e74 696f 6e73 2c20 2055 703a 2056 6572 ntions, Up: Ver\n+00025190: 7369 6f6e 0a0a 352e 362e 3132 2e31 2045 sion..5.6.12.1 E\n+000251a0: 706f 6368 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 pochs should be \n+000251b0: 7573 6564 2073 7061 7269 6e67 6c79 0a2e used sparingly..\n+000251c0: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n+000251d0: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n+000251e0: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e0a 0a4e 6f74 6520 7468 .........Note th\n+000251f0: 6174 2074 6865 2070 7572 706f 7365 206f at the purpose o\n+00025200: 6620 6570 6f63 6873 2069 7320 746f 2063 f epochs is to c\n+00025210: 6f70 6520 7769 7468 2073 6974 7561 7469 ope with situati\n+00025220: 6f6e 7320 7768 6572 6520 7468 650a 7570 ons where the.up\n+00025230: 7374 7265 616d 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e stream version n\n+00025240: 756d 6265 7269 6e67 2073 6368 656d 6520 umbering scheme \n+00025250: 6368 616e 6765 7320 616e 6420 746f 2061 changes and to a\n+00025260: 6c6c 6f77 2075 7320 746f 206c 6561 7665 llow us to leave\n+00025270: 0a62 6568 696e 6420 7365 7269 6f75 7320 .behind serious \n+00025280: 6d69 7374 616b 6573 2e20 2049 6620 796f mistakes. If yo\n+00025290: 7520 7468 696e 6b20 7468 6174 2069 6e63 u think that inc\n+000252a0: 7265 6173 696e 6720 7468 6520 6570 6f63 reasing the epoc\n+000252b0: 6820 6973 2074 6865 0a72 6967 6874 2073 h is the.right s\n+000252c0: 6f6c 7574 696f 6e2c 2079 6f75 2073 686f olution, you sho\n+000252d0: 756c 6420 636f 6e73 756c 7420 6465 6269 uld consult debi\n+000252e0: 616e 2d64 6576 656c 2061 6e64 2067 6574 an-devel and get\n+000252f0: 2063 6f6e 7365 6e73 7573 2062 6566 6f72 consensus befor\n+00025300: 650a 646f 696e 6720 736f 2028 6576 656e e.doing so (even\n+00025310: 2069 6e20 6578 7065 7269 6d65 6e74 616c in experimental\n+00025320: 292e 0a0a 4570 6f63 6873 2073 686f 756c )...Epochs shoul\n+00025330: 6420 6e6f 7420 6265 2075 7365 6420 7768 d not be used wh\n+00025340: 656e 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206e 6565 en a package nee\n+00025350: 6473 2074 6f20 6265 2072 6f6c 6c65 6420 ds to be rolled \n+00025360: 6261 636b 2e20 2049 6e0a 7468 6174 2063 back. In.that c\n+00025370: 6173 652c 2075 7365 2074 6865 20e2 8098 ase, use the ...\n+00025380: 2b72 6561 6c6c 79e2 8099 2063 6f6e 7665 +really... conve\n+00025390: 6e74 696f 6e3a 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 ntion: for examp\n+000253a0: 6c65 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 2075 706c 6f61 le, if you uploa\n+000253b0: 6465 640a e280 9832 2e33 2d33 e280 9920 ded....2.3-3... \n+000253c0: 616e 6420 6e6f 7720 796f 7520 6e65 6564 and now you need\n+000253d0: 2074 6f20 676f 2062 6163 6b77 6172 6473 to go backwards\n+000253e0: 2074 6f20 7570 7374 7265 616d 2032 2e32 to upstream 2.2\n+000253f0: 2c20 6361 6c6c 2079 6f75 720a 7265 7665 , call your.reve\n+00025400: 7274 696e 6720 7570 6c6f 6164 2073 6f6d rting upload som\n+00025410: 6574 6869 6e67 206c 696b 6520 e280 9832 ething like ...2\n+00025420: 2e33 2b72 6561 6c6c 7932 2e32 2d31 e280 .3+really2.2-1..\n+00025430: 992e 2020 4576 656e 7475 616c 6c79 2c20 .. Eventually, \n+00025440: 7768 656e 2077 650a 7570 6c6f 6164 2075 when we.upload u\n+00025450: 7073 7472 6561 6d20 322e 342c 2074 6865 pstream 2.4, the\n+00025460: 20e2 8098 2b72 6561 6c6c 79e2 8099 2070 ...+really... p\n+00025470: 6172 7420 6361 6e20 676f 2061 7761 792e art can go away.\n+00025480: 0a0a 4570 6f63 6873 2061 7265 2061 6c73 ..Epochs are als\n+00025490: 6f20 6e6f 7420 696e 7465 6e64 6564 2074 o not intended t\n+000254a0: 6f20 636f 7065 2077 6974 6820 7665 7273 o cope with vers\n+000254b0: 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 7320 636f 6e74 ion numbers cont\n+000254c0: 6169 6e69 6e67 0a73 7472 696e 6773 206f aining.strings o\n+000254d0: 6620 6c65 7474 6572 7320 7768 6963 6820 f letters which \n+000254e0: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 6e61 the package mana\n+000254f0: 6765 6d65 6e74 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6361 gement system ca\n+00025500: 6e6e 6f74 2069 6e74 6572 7072 6574 0a28 nnot interpret.(\n+00025510: 7375 6368 2061 7320 e280 9841 4c50 4841 such as ...ALPHA\n+00025520: e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 7072 652d e280 ... or ...pre-..\n+00025530: 9929 2c20 6f72 2077 6974 6820 7369 6c6c .), or with sill\n+00025540: 7920 6f72 6465 7269 6e67 732e 2020 2831 y orderings. (1\n+00025550: 290a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ).. ----------\n+00025560: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n+00025570: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 5468 -----.. (1) Th\n+00025580: 6520 6175 7468 6f72 206f 6620 7468 6973 e author of this\n+00025590: 206d 616e 7561 6c20 6861 7320 6865 6172 manual has hear\n+000255a0: 6420 6f66 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 d of a package w\n+000255b0: 686f 7365 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 730a 7765 hose versions.we\n+000255c0: 6e74 20e2 8098 312e 31e2 8099 2c20 e280 nt ...1.1..., ..\n+000255d0: 9831 2e32 e280 992c 20e2 8098 312e 33e2 .1.2..., ...1.3.\n+000255e0: 8099 2c20 e280 9831 e280 992c 20e2 8098 .., ...1..., ...\n+000255f0: 322e 31e2 8099 2c20 e280 9832 2e32 e280 2.1..., ...2.2..\n+00025600: 992c 20e2 8098 32e2 8099 2061 6e64 2073 ., ...2... and s\n+00025610: 6f20 666f 7274 682e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 o forth.....File\n+00025620: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n+00025630: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 7065 info, Node: Spe\n+00025640: 6369 616c 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2063 6f6e cial version con\n+00025650: 7665 6e74 696f 6e73 2c20 2050 7265 763a ventions, Prev:\n+00025660: 2045 706f 6368 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 Epochs should b\n+00025670: 6520 7573 6564 2073 7061 7269 6e67 6c79 e used sparingly\n+00025680: 2c20 2055 703a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 0a0a , Up: Version..\n+00025690: 352e 362e 3132 2e32 2053 7065 6369 616c 5.6.12.2 Special\n+000256a0: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 version convent\n+000256b0: 696f 6e73 0a2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ions............\n+000256c0: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n+000256d0: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e0a 0a54 6865 2066 ...........The f\n+000256e0: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2073 7065 6369 616c ollowing special\n+000256f0: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 7269 version numberi\n+00025700: 6e67 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e73 2061 ng conventions a\n+00025710: 7265 2075 7365 6420 696e 2074 6865 0a44 re used in the.D\n+00025720: 6562 6961 6e20 6172 6368 6976 653a 0a0a ebian archive:..\n+00025730: 2020 202d 2054 6865 2061 6273 656e 6365 - The absence\n+00025740: 206f 6620 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e5f 7265 of ...debian_re\n+00025750: 7669 7369 6f6e e280 992c 2061 6e64 2074 vision..., and t\n+00025760: 6865 7265 666f 7265 206f 6620 6120 6879 herefore of a hy\n+00025770: 7068 656e 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 phen in the. \n+00025780: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 722c version number,\n+00025790: 2069 6e64 6963 6174 6573 2074 6861 7420 indicates that \n+000257a0: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 206e the package is n\n+000257b0: 6174 6976 652e 0a0a 2020 202d 2054 6865 ative... - The\n+000257c0: 2070 7265 7365 6e63 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 presence of ...\n+000257d0: 2b72 6561 6c6c 79e2 8099 2069 6e20 7468 +really... in th\n+000257e0: 6520 e280 9875 7073 7472 6561 6d5f 7665 e ...upstream_ve\n+000257f0: 7273 696f 6ee2 8099 2063 6f6d 706f 6e65 rsion... compone\n+00025800: 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 696e 6469 6361 7465 nt. indicate\n+00025810: 7320 7468 6174 2061 206e 6577 6572 2075 s that a newer u\n+00025820: 7073 7472 6561 6d20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 pstream version \n+00025830: 6861 7320 6265 656e 2072 6f6c 6c65 6420 has been rolled \n+00025840: 6261 636b 2074 6f20 616e 0a20 2020 2020 back to an. \n+00025850: 6f6c 6465 7220 7570 7374 7265 616d 2076 older upstream v\n+00025860: 6572 7369 6f6e 2e20 2054 6865 2070 6172 ersion. 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(1) The \n+00028540: 736f 7572 6365 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 2063 source formats c\n+00028550: 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2073 7570 706f 7274 urrently support\n+00028560: 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e ed by the Debian\n+00028570: 2061 7263 6869 7665 0a73 6f66 7477 6172 archive.softwar\n+00028580: 6520 6172 6520 e280 9831 2e30 e280 992c e are ...1.0...,\n+00028590: 20e2 8098 332e 3020 286e 6174 6976 6529 ...3.0 (native)\n+000285a0: e280 992c 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 332e 3020 ..., and ...3.0 \n+000285b0: 2871 7569 6c74 29e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 (quilt)........F\n+000285c0: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n+000285d0: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n+000285e0: 5572 6765 6e63 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 Urgency, Next: \n+000285f0: 4368 616e 6765 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 Changes, Prev: \n+00028600: 466f 726d 6174 2c20 2055 703a 204c 6973 Format, Up: Lis\n+00028610: 7420 6f66 2066 6965 6c64 730a 0a35 2e36 t of fields..5.6\n+00028620: 2e31 3720 e280 9855 7267 656e 6379 e280 .17 ...Urgency..\n+00028630: 990a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ..--------------\n+00028640: 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6973 2069 7320 6120 6465 --..This is a de\n+00028650: 7363 7269 7074 696f 6e20 6f66 2068 6f77 scription of how\n+00028660: 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 2069 7420 6973 important it is\n+00028670: 2074 6f20 7570 6772 6164 6520 746f 2074 to upgrade to t\n+00028680: 6869 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e0a 6672 6f6d his version.from\n+00028690: 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 6f6e 6573 2e20 previous ones. \n+000286a0: 2049 7420 636f 6e73 6973 7473 206f 6620 It consists of \n+000286b0: 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 206b 6579 776f 7264 a single keyword\n+000286c0: 2074 616b 696e 6720 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 taking one of t\n+000286d0: 6865 0a76 616c 7565 7320 e280 986c 6f77 he.values ...low\n+000286e0: e280 992c 20e2 8098 6d65 6469 756d e280 ..., ...medium..\n+000286f0: 992c 20e2 8098 6869 6768 e280 992c 20e2 ., ...high..., .\n+00028700: 8098 656d 6572 6765 6e63 79e2 8099 2c20 ..emergency..., \n+00028710: 6f72 20e2 8098 6372 6974 6963 616c e280 or ...critical..\n+00028720: 9920 2831 2920 286e 6f74 0a63 6173 652d . (1) (not.case-\n+00028730: 7365 6e73 6974 6976 6529 2066 6f6c 6c6f sensitive) follo\n+00028740: 7765 6420 6279 2061 6e20 6f70 7469 6f6e wed by an option\n+00028750: 616c 2063 6f6d 6d65 6e74 6172 7920 2873 al commentary (s\n+00028760: 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 610a 7370 eparated by a.sp\n+00028770: 6163 6529 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 7573 ace) which is us\n+00028780: 7561 6c6c 7920 696e 2070 6172 656e 7468 ually in parenth\n+00028790: 6573 6573 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 eses. For examp\n+000287a0: 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 5572 6765 6e63 le:.. Urgenc\n+000287b0: 793a 206c 6f77 2028 4849 4748 2066 6f72 y: low (HIGH for\n+000287c0: 2075 7365 7273 206f 6620 6469 7665 7273 users of divers\n+000287d0: 696f 6e73 290a 0a54 6865 2076 616c 7565 ions)..The value\n+000287e0: 206f 6620 7468 6973 2066 6965 6c64 2069 of this field i\n+000287f0: 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6578 7472 6163 s usually extrac\n+00028800: 7465 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 20e2 8098 ted from the ...\n+00028810: 6465 6269 616e 2f63 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 debian/changelog\n+00028820: e280 990a 6669 6c65 202d 2073 6565 202a ....file - see *\n+00028830: 6e6f 7465 2044 6562 6961 6e20 6368 616e note Debian chan\n+00028840: 6765 6c6f 673b 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 6368 gelog; debian/ch\n+00028850: 616e 6765 6c6f 673a 2036 642e 0a0a 2020 angelog: 6d... \n+00028860: 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 ---------- Foot\n+00028870: 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d notes ----------\n+00028880: 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 204f 7468 6572 2075 .. 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The \n+00028900: 7572 6765 6e63 7920 6166 6665 6374 730a urgency affects.\n+00028910: 686f 7720 7175 6963 6b6c 7920 6120 7061 how quickly a pa\n+00028920: 636b 6167 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 636f ckage will be co\n+00028930: 6e73 6964 6572 6564 2066 6f72 2069 6e63 nsidered for inc\n+00028940: 6c75 7369 6f6e 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 650a lusion into the.\n+00028950: e280 9874 6573 7469 6e67 e280 9920 6469 ...testing... di\n+00028960: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 2067 stribution and g\n+00028970: 6976 6573 2061 6e20 696e 6469 6361 7469 ives an indicati\n+00028980: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 696d 706f 7274 on of the import\n+00028990: 616e 6365 206f 6620 616e 790a 6669 7865 ance of any.fixe\n+000289a0: 7320 696e 636c 7564 6564 2069 6e20 7468 s included in th\n+000289b0: 6520 7570 6c6f 6164 2e20 20e2 8098 456d e upload. ...Em\n+000289c0: 6572 6765 6e63 79e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 ergency... and .\n+000289d0: 8098 6372 6974 6963 616c e280 9920 6172 ..critical... ar\n+000289e0: 6520 7472 6561 7465 6420 6173 0a73 796e e treated as.syn\n+000289f0: 6f6e 796d 6f75 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 onymous.....File\n+00028a00: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n+00028a10: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6861 info, Node: Cha\n+00028a20: 6e67 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2042 696e nges, Next: Bin\n+00028a30: 6172 792c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5572 6765 ary, Prev: Urge\n+00028a40: 6e63 792c 2020 5570 3a20 4c69 7374 206f ncy, Up: List o\n+00028a50: 6620 6669 656c 6473 0a0a 352e 362e 3138 f fields..5.6.18\n+00028a60: 20e2 8098 4368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 0a2d ...Changes....-\n+00028a70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00028a80: 0a54 6869 7320 6d75 6c74 696c 696e 6520 .This multiline \n+00028a90: 6669 656c 6420 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 field contains t\n+00028aa0: 6865 2068 756d 616e 2d72 6561 6461 626c he human-readabl\n+00028ab0: 6520 6368 616e 6765 7320 6461 7461 2c0a e changes data,.\n+00028ac0: 6465 7363 7269 6269 6e67 2074 6865 2064 describing the d\n+00028ad0: 6966 6665 7265 6e63 6573 2062 6574 7765 ifferences betwe\n+00028ae0: 656e 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 7665 7273 en the last vers\n+00028af0: 696f 6e20 616e 6420 7468 6520 6375 7272 ion and the curr\n+00028b00: 656e 7420 6f6e 652e 0a0a 5468 6520 6669 ent one...The fi\n+00028b10: 7273 7420 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 rst line of the \n+00028b20: 6669 656c 6420 7661 6c75 6520 2874 6865 field value (the\n+00028b30: 2070 6172 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 616d part on the sam\n+00028b40: 6520 6c69 6e65 2061 730a e280 9843 6861 e line as....Cha\n+00028b50: 6e67 6573 3ae2 8099 2920 6973 2061 6c77 nges:...) is alw\n+00028b60: 6179 7320 656d 7074 792e 2020 5468 6520 ays empty. 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Its synt\n+00028f30: 6178 2061 6e64 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 0a76 ax and meaning.v\n+00028f40: 6172 6965 7320 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 aries depending \n+00028f50: 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 on the control f\n+00028f60: 696c 6520 696e 2077 6869 6368 2069 7420 ile in which it \n+00028f70: 6170 7065 6172 732e 0a0a 5768 656e 2069 appears...When i\n+00028f80: 7420 6170 7065 6172 7320 696e 2074 6865 t appears in the\n+00028f90: 20e2 8098 2e64 7363 e280 9920 6669 6c65 ....dsc... file\n+00028fa0: 2c20 6974 206c 6973 7473 2062 696e 6172 , it lists binar\n+00028fb0: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2077 6869 6368 y packages which\n+00028fc0: 2061 0a73 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 a.source packag\n+00028fd0: 6520 6361 6e20 7072 6f64 7563 652c 2073 e can produce, s\n+00028fe0: 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 636f 6d6d eparated by comm\n+00028ff0: 6173 2028 3129 2e20 2054 6865 2073 6f75 as (1). 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T\n+00029060: 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 636f 6e74 726f he source contro\n+00029070: 6c20 6669 6c65 2064 6f65 736e e280 9974 l file doesn...t\n+00029080: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2064 6574 6169 6c73 contain details\n+00029090: 206f 6620 7768 6963 680a 6172 6368 6974 of which.archit\n+000290a0: 6563 7475 7265 7320 6172 6520 6170 7072 ectures are appr\n+000290b0: 6f70 7269 6174 6520 666f 7220 7768 6963 opriate for whic\n+000290c0: 6820 6f66 2074 6865 2062 696e 6172 7920 h of the binary \n+000290d0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e0a 0a57 6865 6e20 packages...When \n+000290e0: 6974 2061 7070 6561 7273 2069 6e20 6120 it appears in a \n+000290f0: e280 982e 6368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 2066 ....changes... f\n+00029100: 696c 652c 2069 7420 6c69 7374 7320 7468 ile, it lists th\n+00029110: 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2062 e names of the b\n+00029120: 696e 6172 790a 7061 636b 6167 6573 2062 inary.packages b\n+00029130: 6569 6e67 2075 706c 6f61 6465 642c 2073 eing uploaded, s\n+00029140: 6570 6172 6174 6564 2062 7920 7768 6974 eparated by whit\n+00029150: 6573 7061 6365 2028 6e6f 7420 636f 6d6d espace (not comm\n+00029160: 6173 292e 2020 4966 206e 6f0a 6269 6e61 as). If no.bina\n+00029170: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6172 6520 ry packages are \n+00029180: 6265 696e 6720 7570 6c6f 6164 6564 2c20 being uploaded, \n+00029190: 7468 6973 2066 6965 6c64 2077 696c 6c20 this field will \n+000291a0: 6e6f 7420 6265 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2e0a not be present..\n+000291b0: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n+000291c0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n+000291d0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 4120 7370 ---.. 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T\n+0002a170: 6865 0a63 6f6e 7465 6e74 206f 6620 7468 he.content of th\n+0002a180: 6973 2066 6965 6c64 2069 7320 6120 7369 is field is a si\n+0002a190: 6d70 6c65 2055 524c 2077 6974 686f 7574 mple URL without\n+0002a1a0: 2061 6e79 2073 7572 726f 756e 6469 6e67 any surrounding\n+0002a1b0: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 730a 7375 6368 characters.such\n+0002a1c0: 2061 7320 e280 983c 3ee2 8099 2e0a 0a1f as ...<>.......\n+0002a1d0: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n+0002a1e0: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n+0002a1f0: 3a20 4368 6563 6b73 756d 732d 5368 6131 : Checksums-Sha1\n+0002a200: 2061 6e64 2043 6865 636b 7375 6d73 2d53 and Checksums-S\n+0002a210: 6861 3235 362c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 444d ha256, Next: DM\n+0002a220: 2d55 706c 6f61 642d 416c 6c6f 7765 642c -Upload-Allowed,\n+0002a230: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 486f 6d65 7061 6765 Prev: Homepage\n+0002a240: 2c20 2055 703a 204c 6973 7420 6f66 2066 , Up: List of f\n+0002a250: 6965 6c64 730a 0a35 2e36 2e32 3420 e280 ields..5.6.24 ..\n+0002a260: 9843 6865 636b 7375 6d73 2d53 6861 31e2 .Checksums-Sha1.\n+0002a270: 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 4368 6563 6b73 .. and ...Checks\n+0002a280: 756d 732d 5368 6132 3536 e280 990a 2d2d ums-Sha256....--\n+0002a290: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0002a2a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0002a2b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 ------------..Th\n+0002a2c0: 6573 6520 6d75 6c74 696c 696e 6520 6669 ese multiline fi\n+0002a2d0: 656c 6473 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2061 206c elds contain a l\n+0002a2e0: 6973 7420 6f66 2066 696c 6573 2077 6974 ist of files wit\n+0002a2f0: 6820 6120 6368 6563 6b73 756d 2061 6e64 h a checksum and\n+0002a300: 2073 697a 650a 666f 7220 6561 6368 206f size.for each o\n+0002a310: 6e65 2e20 2042 6f74 6820 e280 9843 6865 ne. 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Package buil\n+0002c0f0: 6465 7273 2028 652e 672e 2020 6470 6b67 ders (e.g. dpkg\n+0002c100: 2d62 7569 6c64 7061 636b 6167 6529 206d -buildpackage) m\n+0002c110: 6179 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 686f ay. cho\n+0002c120: 6f73 6520 746f 2069 6e76 6f6b 6520 616e ose to invoke an\n+0002c130: 7920 7461 7267 6574 2069 6e20 e280 9864 y target in ...d\n+0002c140: 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 2077 ebian/rules... w\n+0002c150: 6974 6820 616e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ith an. \n+0002c160: 2075 6e70 7269 7669 6c65 6765 6420 7573 unprivileged us\n+0002c170: 6572 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 202d 20e2 er... - .\n+0002c180: 8098 6269 6e61 7279 2d74 6172 6765 7473 ..binary-targets\n+0002c190: e280 9920 2870 7265 7669 6f75 7320 6465 ... 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...binary\n+0002ca90: 2d74 6172 6765 7473 e280 992e 2020 5468 -targets.... 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It must consi\n+0002cd10: 7374 206f 6620 6174 206c 6561 7374 2032 st of at least 2\n+0002cd20: 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 732e 0a0a 2020 characters... \n+0002cd30: 2020 2020 2020 2a20 e280 982f e280 9920 * .../... \n+0002cd40: 2862 6574 7765 656e 20e2 8098 3c6e 616d (between ...... and .\n+0002cd60: 8098 3c63 6173 653e e280 9929 2069 7320 .....) is \n+0002cd70: 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 2041 5343 4949 0a20 a single ASCII. \n+0002cd80: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2066 6f72 7761 7264 forward\n+0002cd90: 2073 6c61 7368 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 slash... \n+0002cda0: 202a 20e2 8098 3c63 6173 653e e280 9920 * ...... \n+0002cdb0: 6d75 7374 2063 6f6e 7369 7374 2065 6e74 must consist ent\n+0002cdc0: 6972 656c 7920 6f66 2070 7269 6e74 6162 irely of printab\n+0002cdd0: 6c65 2041 5343 4949 2063 6861 7261 6374 le ASCII charact\n+0002cde0: 6572 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6578 ers. ex\n+0002cdf0: 6365 7074 2066 6f72 2061 6e79 2077 6869 cept for any whi\n+0002ce00: 7465 7370 6163 652e 2020 4974 206d 7573 tespace. It mus\n+0002ce10: 7420 636f 6e73 6973 7420 6f66 2061 7420 t consist of at \n+0002ce20: 6c65 6173 7420 320a 2020 2020 2020 2020 least 2. \n+0002ce30: 2020 6368 6172 6163 7465 7273 2e0a 0a54 characters...T\n+0002ce40: 6865 7365 206b 6579 776f 7264 7320 6465 hese keywords de\n+0002ce50: 6669 6e65 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 2070 fine where the p\n+0002ce60: 6163 6b61 6765 2062 7569 6c64 2073 6372 ackage build scr\n+0002ce70: 6970 7420 e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 ipt ...debian/ru\n+0002ce80: 6c65 73e2 8099 2c20 6f72 0a74 6865 2074 les..., or.the t\n+0002ce90: 6f6f 6c73 2063 616c 6c65 6420 6279 2074 ools called by t\n+0002cea0: 6861 7420 7363 7269 7074 2c20 7769 6c6c hat script, will\n+0002ceb0: 206e 6565 6420 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f20 need access to \n+0002cec0: 726f 6f74 206f 7220 6661 6b65 726f 6f74 root or fakeroot\n+0002ced0: 2e0a 0a49 6e20 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 2074 ...In addition t\n+0002cee0: 6f20 7468 6520 6b65 7977 6f72 6473 2064 o the keywords d\n+0002cef0: 6566 696e 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6e65 efined in the ne\n+0002cf00: 7874 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2c20 6561 6368 xt section, each\n+0002cf10: 2074 6f6f 6c20 6f72 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 tool or.package\n+0002cf20: 206d 6179 2064 6566 696e 6520 6b65 7977 may define keyw\n+0002cf30: 6f72 6473 2077 6974 6869 6e20 6120 6e61 ords within a na\n+0002cf40: 6d65 7370 6163 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 6166 mespace named af\n+0002cf50: 7465 7220 7468 6174 2074 6f6f 6c20 6f72 ter that tool or\n+0002cf60: 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 2054 6865 2070 .package. 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(that\n+0002d350: 2069 732c 206e 6f74 206f 6e65 206f 6620 is, not one of \n+0002d360: 7468 6520 7461 7267 6574 730a 2020 2020 the targets. \n+0002d370: 2020 2020 2020 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 specified \n+0002d380: 696e 202a 6e6f 7465 204d 6169 6e20 6275 in *note Main bu\n+0002d390: 696c 6469 6e67 2073 6372 6970 743b 2064 ilding script; d\n+0002d3a0: 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 733a 2037 632e ebian/rules: 7c.\n+0002d3b0: 290a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d75 7374 ). must\n+0002d3c0: 2062 6520 7275 6e20 756e 6465 7220 2866 be run under (f\n+0002d3d0: 616b 6529 726f 6f74 0a0a 5468 6973 206c ake)root..This l\n+0002d3e0: 6973 7420 6973 2069 6e74 656e 7469 6f6e ist is intention\n+0002d3f0: 616c 6c79 2069 6e63 6f6d 706c 6574 652e ally incomplete.\n+0002d400: 2020 596f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2063 6f6e You should con\n+0002d410: 7375 6c74 2074 6865 0a64 6f63 756d 656e sult the.documen\n+0002d420: 7461 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 746f tation of the to\n+0002d430: 6f6c 206f 7220 7061 636b 6167 6520 696e ol or package in\n+0002d440: 2071 7565 7374 696f 6e20 666f 7220 7768 question for wh\n+0002d450: 6963 6820 6b65 7977 6f72 6473 2069 740a ich keywords it.\n+0002d460: 6465 6669 6e65 7320 616e 6420 7768 656e defines and when\n+0002d470: 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 6e65 6564 6564 they are needed\n+0002d480: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 .....File: debia\n+0002d490: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 n-policy.info, \n+0002d4a0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 5573 6572 2d64 6566 696e Node: User-defin\n+0002d4b0: 6564 2066 6965 6c64 732c 2020 4e65 7874 ed fields, Next\n+0002d4c0: 3a20 4f62 736f 6c65 7465 2066 6965 6c64 : Obsolete field\n+0002d4d0: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4c69 7374 206f s, Prev: List o\n+0002d4e0: 6620 6669 656c 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2043 f fields, Up: C\n+0002d4f0: 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 2061 6e64 ontrol files and\n+0002d500: 2074 6865 6972 2066 6965 6c64 730a 0a35 their fields..5\n+0002d510: 2e37 2055 7365 722d 6465 6669 6e65 6420 .7 User-defined \n+0002d520: 6669 656c 6473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d fields.=========\n+0002d530: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n+0002d540: 4164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2075 7365 722d Additional user-\n+0002d550: 6465 6669 6e65 6420 6669 656c 6473 206d defined fields m\n+0002d560: 6179 2062 6520 6164 6465 6420 746f 2074 ay be added to t\n+0002d570: 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 he source packag\n+0002d580: 650a 7465 6d70 6c61 7465 2063 6f6e 7472 e.template contr\n+0002d590: 6f6c 2066 696c 652e 2020 5375 6368 2066 ol file. 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The only vali\n+0002dbc0: 6420 7661 6c75 6520 6973 20e2 8098 7965 d value is ...ye\n+0002dbd0: 73e2 8099 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6669 656c s.... This fiel\n+0002dbe0: 6420 7761 7320 7573 6564 2074 6f0a 7265 d was used to.re\n+0002dbf0: 6775 6c61 7465 2075 706c 6f61 6473 2062 gulate uploads b\n+0002dc00: 7920 4465 6269 616e 204d 6169 6e74 6169 y Debian Maintai\n+0002dc10: 6e65 7273 2c20 5365 6520 7468 6520 4765 ners, See the Ge\n+0002dc20: 6e65 7261 6c20 5265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e neral Resolution\n+0002dc30: 0a45 6e64 6f72 7365 2074 6865 2063 6f6e .Endorse the con\n+0002dc40: 6365 7074 206f 6620 4465 6269 616e 204d cept of Debian M\n+0002dc50: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 2831 2920 666f aintainers(1) fo\n+0002dc60: 7220 6d6f 7265 2064 6574 6169 6c73 2e0a r more details..\n+0002dc70: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n+0002dc80: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n+0002dc90: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 6874 7470 ---.. (1) http\n+0002dca0: 733a 2f2f 7777 772e 6465 6269 616e 2e6f s://www.debian.o\n+0002dcb0: 7267 2f76 6f74 652f 3230 3037 2f76 6f74 rg/vote/2007/vot\n+0002dcc0: 655f 3030 330a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 e_003....File: d\n+0002dcd0: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 ebian-policy.inf\n+0002dce0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5061 636b 6167 o, Node: Packag\n+0002dcf0: 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 e maintainer scr\n+0002dd00: 6970 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c ipts and install\n+0002dd10: 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6f63 6564 7572 652c ation procedure,\n+0002dd20: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4465 636c 6172 696e Next: Declarin\n+0002dd30: 6720 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 g relationships \n+0002dd40: 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6573 between packages\n+0002dd50: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c , Prev: Control\n+0002dd60: 2066 696c 6573 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6972 files and their\n+0002dd70: 2066 6965 6c64 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f fields, Up: To\n+0002dd80: 700a 0a36 2050 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 p..6 Package mai\n+0002dd90: 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 ntainer scripts \n+0002dda0: 616e 6420 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e and installation\n+0002ddb0: 2070 726f 6365 6475 7265 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a procedure.*****\n+0002ddc0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+0002ddd0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+0002dde0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+0002ddf0: 2a2a 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2049 **..* Menu:..* I\n+0002de00: 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e20 746f 2070 ntroduction to p\n+0002de10: 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 ackage maintaine\n+0002de20: 7220 7363 7269 7074 733a 3a0a 2a20 4d61 r scripts::.* Ma\n+0002de30: 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 intainer scripts\n+0002de40: 2069 6465 6d70 6f74 656e 6379 3a3a 0a2a idempotency::.*\n+0002de50: 2043 6f6e 7472 6f6c 6c69 6e67 2074 6572 Controlling ter\n+0002de60: 6d69 6e61 6c20 666f 7220 6d61 696e 7461 minal for 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It is also \n+0002e3b0: 696d 706f 7274 616e 742c 206f 6620 636f important, of co\n+0002e3c0: 7572 7365 2c20 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 urse, that they \n+0002e3d0: 6578 6974 2077 6974 6820 6120 7a65 726f exit with a zero\n+0002e3e0: 0a73 7461 7475 7320 6966 2065 7665 7279 .status if every\n+0002e3f0: 7468 696e 6720 7765 6e74 2077 656c 6c2e thing went well.\n+0002e400: 0a0a 4164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 2c20 ..Additionally, \n+0002e410: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2069 6e74 6572 6163 packages interac\n+0002e420: 7469 6e67 2077 6974 6820 7573 6572 7320 ting with users \n+0002e430: 7573 696e 6720 e280 9864 6562 636f 6e66 using ...debconf\n+0002e440: e280 9920 696e 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 706f ... in the....po\n+0002e450: 7374 696e 7374 e280 9920 7363 7269 7074 stinst... script\n+0002e460: 2073 686f 756c 6420 696e 7374 616c 6c20 should install \n+0002e470: 6120 e280 9863 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2073 a ...config... s\n+0002e480: 6372 6970 7420 6173 2061 2070 6163 6b61 cript as a packa\n+0002e490: 6765 206d 6574 6164 6174 610a 6669 6c65 ge metadata.file\n+0002e4a0: 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2050 726f . See *note Pro\n+0002e4b0: 6d70 7469 6e67 2069 6e20 6d61 696e 7461 mpting in mainta\n+0002e4c0: 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 3a20 3136 iner scripts: 16\n+0002e4d0: 2e20 666f 7220 6465 7461 696c 732e 0a0a . for details...\n+0002e4e0: 5768 656e 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 When a package i\n+0002e4f0: 7320 7570 6772 6164 6564 2061 2063 6f6d s upgraded a com\n+0002e500: 6269 6e61 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 bination of the \n+0002e510: 7363 7269 7074 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 scripts from the\n+0002e520: 206f 6c64 2061 6e64 0a6e 6577 2070 6163 old and.new pac\n+0002e530: 6b61 6765 7320 6973 2063 616c 6c65 6420 kages is called \n+0002e540: 6475 7269 6e67 2074 6865 2075 7067 7261 during the upgra\n+0002e550: 6465 2070 726f 6365 6475 7265 2e20 2049 de procedure. I\n+0002e560: 6620 796f 7572 2073 6372 6970 7473 0a61 f your scripts.a\n+0002e570: 7265 2067 6f69 6e67 2074 6f20 6265 2061 re going to be a\n+0002e580: 7420 616c 6c20 636f 6d70 6c69 6361 7465 t all complicate\n+0002e590: 6420 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6265 d you need to be\n+0002e5a0: 2061 7761 7265 206f 6620 7468 6973 2c20 aware of this, \n+0002e5b0: 616e 6420 6d61 790a 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 and may.need to \n+0002e5c0: 6368 6563 6b20 7468 6520 6172 6775 6d65 check the argume\n+0002e5d0: 6e74 7320 746f 2079 6f75 7220 7363 7269 nts to your scri\n+0002e5e0: 7074 732e 0a0a 4272 6f61 646c 7920 7370 pts...Broadly sp\n+0002e5f0: 6561 6b69 6e67 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7072 eaking the ...pr\n+0002e600: 6569 6e73 74e2 8099 2069 7320 6361 6c6c einst... is call\n+0002e610: 6564 2062 6566 6f72 6520 2861 2070 6172 ed before (a par\n+0002e620: 7469 6375 6c61 7220 7665 7273 696f 6e0a ticular version.\n+0002e630: 6f66 2920 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 of) a package is\n+0002e640: 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 642c 2061 6e64 2074 unpacked, and t\n+0002e650: 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 696e 7374 e280 he ...postinst..\n+0002e660: 9920 6166 7465 7277 6172 6473 3b20 7468 . afterwards; th\n+0002e670: 6520 e280 9870 7265 726d e280 990a 6265 e ...prerm....be\n+0002e680: 666f 7265 2028 6120 7665 7273 696f 6e20 fore (a version \n+0002e690: 6f66 2920 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 of) a package is\n+0002e6a0: 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2061 6e64 2074 6865 removed and the\n+0002e6b0: 20e2 8098 706f 7374 726d e280 9920 6166 ...postrm... af\n+0002e6c0: 7465 7277 6172 6473 2e0a 0a50 726f 6772 terwards...Progr\n+0002e6d0: 616d 7320 6361 6c6c 6564 2066 726f 6d20 ams called from \n+0002e6e0: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 maintainer scrip\n+0002e6f0: 7473 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 6e6f ts should not no\n+0002e700: 726d 616c 6c79 2068 6176 6520 6120 7061 rmally have a pa\n+0002e710: 7468 0a70 7265 7065 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 th.prepended to \n+0002e720: 7468 656d 2e20 2042 6566 6f72 6520 696e them. Before in\n+0002e730: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 7374 stallation is st\n+0002e740: 6172 7465 642c 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 arted, the packa\n+0002e750: 6765 0a6d 616e 6167 656d 656e 7420 7379 ge.management sy\n+0002e760: 7374 656d 2063 6865 636b 7320 746f 2073 stem checks to s\n+0002e770: 6565 2069 6620 7468 6520 7072 6f67 7261 ee if the progra\n+0002e780: 6d73 20e2 8098 6c64 636f 6e66 6967 e280 ms ...ldconfig..\n+0002e790: 992c 0ae2 8098 7374 6172 742d 7374 6f70 .,....start-stop\n+0002e7a0: 2d64 6165 6d6f 6ee2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 -daemon..., and \n+0002e7b0: e280 9875 7064 6174 652d 7263 2e64 e280 ...update-rc.d..\n+0002e7c0: 9920 6361 6e20 6265 2066 6f75 6e64 2076 . can be found v\n+0002e7d0: 6961 2074 6865 20e2 8098 5041 5448 e280 ia the ...PATH..\n+0002e7e0: 990a 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 ..environment va\n+0002e7f0: 7269 6162 6c65 2e20 2054 686f 7365 2070 riable. Those p\n+0002e800: 726f 6772 616d 732c 2061 6e64 2061 6e79 rograms, and any\n+0002e810: 206f 7468 6572 2070 726f 6772 616d 2074 other program t\n+0002e820: 6861 7420 6f6e 650a 776f 756c 6420 6578 hat one.would ex\n+0002e830: 7065 6374 2074 6f20 6265 2069 6e20 7468 pect to be in th\n+0002e840: 6520 e280 9850 4154 48e2 8099 2c20 7368 e ...PATH..., sh\n+0002e850: 6f75 6c64 2074 6875 7320 6265 2069 6e76 ould thus be inv\n+0002e860: 6f6b 6564 2077 6974 686f 7574 2061 6e0a oked without an.\n+0002e870: 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2070 6174 686e 616d absolute pathnam\n+0002e880: 652e 2020 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 e. Maintainer s\n+0002e890: 6372 6970 7473 2073 686f 756c 6420 616c cripts should al\n+0002e8a0: 736f 206e 6f74 2072 6573 6574 2074 6865 so not reset the\n+0002e8b0: 20e2 8098 5041 5448 e280 992c 0a74 686f ...PATH...,.tho\n+0002e8c0: 7567 6820 7468 6579 206d 6967 6874 2063 ugh they might c\n+0002e8d0: 686f 6f73 6520 746f 206d 6f64 6966 7920 hoose to modify \n+0002e8e0: 6974 2062 7920 7072 6570 656e 6469 6e67 it by prepending\n+0002e8f0: 206f 7220 6170 7065 6e64 696e 670a 7061 or appending.pa\n+0002e900: 636b 6167 652d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2064 ckage-specific d\n+0002e910: 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 2e20 2054 6865 irectories. The\n+0002e920: 7365 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7261 7469 6f6e se consideration\n+0002e930: 7320 7265 616c 6c79 2061 7070 6c79 2074 s really apply t\n+0002e940: 6f20 616c 6c0a 7368 656c 6c20 7363 7269 o all.shell scri\n+0002e950: 7074 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 pts.....File: de\n+0002e960: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f bian-policy.info\n+0002e970: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204d 6169 6e74 6169 , Node: Maintai\n+0002e980: 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 6964 656d ner scripts idem\n+0002e990: 706f 7465 6e63 792c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 potency, Next: \n+0002e9a0: 436f 6e74 726f 6c6c 696e 6720 7465 726d Controlling term\n+0002e9b0: 696e 616c 2066 6f72 206d 6169 6e74 6169 inal for maintai\n+0002e9c0: 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 732c 2020 5072 ner scripts, Pr\n+0002e9d0: 6576 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e ev: Introduction\n+0002e9e0: 2074 6f20 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 696e to package main\n+0002e9f0: 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2c20 tainer scripts, \n+0002ea00: 2055 703a 2050 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 Up: Package mai\n+0002ea10: 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 ntainer scripts \n+0002ea20: 616e 6420 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e and installation\n+0002ea30: 2070 726f 6365 6475 7265 0a0a 362e 3220 procedure..6.2 \n+0002ea40: 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 Maintainer scrip\n+0002ea50: 7473 2069 6465 6d70 6f74 656e 6379 0a3d ts idempotency.=\n+0002ea60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0002ea70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0002ea80: 3d0a 0a49 7420 6973 206e 6563 6573 7361 =..It is necessa\n+0002ea90: 7279 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2065 7272 6f72 ry for the error\n+0002eaa0: 2072 6563 6f76 6572 7920 7072 6f63 6564 recovery proced\n+0002eab0: 7572 6573 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 7363 ures that the sc\n+0002eac0: 7269 7074 7320 6265 0a69 6465 6d70 6f74 ripts be.idempot\n+0002ead0: 656e 742e 2020 5468 6973 206d 6561 6e73 ent. This means\n+0002eae0: 2074 6861 7420 6966 2069 7420 6973 2072 that if it is r\n+0002eaf0: 756e 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c6c 792c un successfully,\n+0002eb00: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6e20 6974 2069 730a and then it is.\n+0002eb10: 6361 6c6c 6564 2061 6761 696e 2c20 6974 called again, it\n+0002eb20: 2064 6f65 736e e280 9974 2062 6f6d 6220 doesn...t bomb \n+0002eb30: 6f75 7420 6f72 2063 6175 7365 2061 6e79 out or cause any\n+0002eb40: 2068 6172 6d2c 2062 7574 206a 7573 7420 harm, but just \n+0002eb50: 656e 7375 7265 730a 7468 6174 2065 7665 ensures.that eve\n+0002eb60: 7279 7468 696e 6720 6973 2074 6865 2077 rything is the w\n+0002eb70: 6179 2069 7420 6f75 6768 7420 746f 2062 ay it ought to b\n+0002eb80: 652e 2020 4966 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 e. If the first\n+0002eb90: 2063 616c 6c20 6661 696c 6564 2c20 6f72 call failed, or\n+0002eba0: 0a61 626f 7274 6564 2068 616c 6620 7761 .aborted half wa\n+0002ebb0: 7920 7468 726f 7567 6820 666f 7220 736f y through for so\n+0002ebc0: 6d65 2072 6561 736f 6e2c 2074 6865 2073 me reason, the s\n+0002ebd0: 6563 6f6e 6420 6361 6c6c 2073 686f 756c econd call shoul\n+0002ebe0: 6420 6d65 7265 6c79 0a64 6f20 7468 6520 d merely.do the \n+0002ebf0: 7468 696e 6773 2074 6861 7420 7765 7265 things that were\n+0002ec00: 206c 6566 7420 756e 646f 6e65 2074 6865 left undone the\n+0002ec10: 2066 6972 7374 2074 696d 652c 2069 6620 first time, if \n+0002ec20: 616e 792c 2061 6e64 2065 7869 740a 7769 any, and exit.wi\n+0002ec30: 7468 2061 2073 7563 6365 7373 2073 7461 th a success sta\n+0002ec40: 7475 7320 6966 2065 7665 7279 7468 696e tus if everythin\n+0002ec50: 6720 6973 204f 4b2e 2028 3129 0a0a 2020 g is OK. (1).. \n+0002ec60: 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 ---------- Foot\n+0002ec70: 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d notes ----------\n+0002ec80: 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 6869 7320 6973 .. (1) This is\n+0002ec90: 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2069 6620 616e 2065 so that if an e\n+0002eca0: 7272 6f72 206f 6363 7572 732c 2074 6865 rror occurs, the\n+0002ecb0: 2075 7365 7220 696e 7465 7272 7570 7473 user interrupts\n+0002ecc0: 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 6f72 0a73 ...dpkg... or.s\n+0002ecd0: 6f6d 6520 6f74 6865 7220 756e 666f 7265 ome other unfore\n+0002ece0: 7365 656e 2063 6972 6375 6d73 7461 6e63 seen circumstanc\n+0002ecf0: 6520 6861 7070 656e 7320 796f 7520 646f e happens you do\n+0002ed00: 6ee2 8099 7420 6c65 6176 6520 7468 6520 n...t leave the \n+0002ed10: 7573 6572 2077 6974 680a 6120 6261 646c user with.a badl\n+0002ed20: 792d 6272 6f6b 656e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 y-broken package\n+0002ed30: 2077 6865 6e20 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 when ...dpkg...\n+0002ed40: 2061 7474 656d 7074 7320 746f 2072 6570 attempts to rep\n+0002ed50: 6561 7420 7468 6520 6163 7469 6f6e 2e0a eat the action..\n+0002ed60: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n+0002ed70: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n+0002ed80: 6465 3a20 436f 6e74 726f 6c6c 696e 6720 de: Controlling \n+0002ed90: 7465 726d 696e 616c 2066 6f72 206d 6169 terminal for mai\n+0002eda0: 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 732c ntainer scripts,\n+0002edb0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4578 6974 2073 7461 Next: Exit sta\n+0002edc0: 7475 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4d61 696e tus, Prev: Main\n+0002edd0: 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2069 tainer scripts i\n+0002ede0: 6465 6d70 6f74 656e 6379 2c20 2055 703a dempotency, Up:\n+0002edf0: 2050 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 6e74 6169 Package maintai\n+0002ee00: 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 616e 6420 ner scripts and \n+0002ee10: 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2070 726f installation pro\n+0002ee20: 6365 6475 7265 0a0a 362e 3320 436f 6e74 cedure..6.3 Cont\n+0002ee30: 726f 6c6c 696e 6720 7465 726d 696e 616c rolling terminal\n+0002ee40: 2066 6f72 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 for maintainer \n+0002ee50: 7363 7269 7074 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d scripts.========\n+0002ee60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0002ee70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0002ee80: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a4d 6169 6e74 6169 =======..Maintai\n+0002ee90: 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 6172 6520 ner scripts are \n+0002eea0: 6e6f 7420 6775 6172 616e 7465 6564 2074 not guaranteed t\n+0002eeb0: 6f20 7275 6e20 7769 7468 2061 2063 6f6e o run with a con\n+0002eec0: 7472 6f6c 6c69 6e67 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 trolling termina\n+0002eed0: 6c0a 616e 6420 6d61 7920 6e6f 7420 6265 l.and may not be\n+0002eee0: 2061 626c 6520 746f 2069 6e74 6572 6163 able to interac\n+0002eef0: 7420 7769 7468 2074 6865 2075 7365 722e t with the user.\n+0002ef00: 2020 5468 6579 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 They must be a\n+0002ef10: 626c 6520 746f 0a66 616c 6c20 6261 636b ble to.fall back\n+0002ef20: 2074 6f20 6e6f 6e69 6e74 6572 6163 7469 to noninteracti\n+0002ef30: 7665 2062 6568 6176 696f 7220 6966 206e ve behavior if n\n+0002ef40: 6f20 636f 6e74 726f 6c6c 696e 6720 7465 o controlling te\n+0002ef50: 726d 696e 616c 2069 730a 6176 6169 6c61 rminal is.availa\n+0002ef60: 626c 652e 2020 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 ble. Maintainer\n+0002ef70: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2074 6861 7420 7072 scripts that pr\n+0002ef80: 6f6d 7074 2076 6961 2061 2070 726f 6772 ompt via a progr\n+0002ef90: 616d 2063 6f6e 666f 726d 696e 6720 746f am conforming to\n+0002efa0: 0a74 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 436f 6e66 .the Debian Conf\n+0002efb0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 4d61 6e61 6765 iguration Manage\n+0002efc0: 6d65 6e74 2053 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 ment Specificati\n+0002efd0: 6f6e 2028 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 5072 on (see *note Pr\n+0002efe0: 6f6d 7074 696e 670a 696e 206d 6169 6e74 ompting.in maint\n+0002eff0: 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 733a 2031 ainer scripts: 1\n+0002f000: 362e 2920 6d61 7920 6173 7375 6d65 2074 6.) may assume t\n+0002f010: 6861 7420 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 7769 6c6c hat program will\n+0002f020: 2068 616e 646c 6520 6661 6c6c 696e 670a handle falling.\n+0002f030: 6261 636b 2074 6f20 6e6f 6e69 6e74 6572 back to noninter\n+0002f040: 6163 7469 7665 2062 6568 6176 696f 722e active behavior.\n+0002f050: 0a0a 466f 7220 6869 6768 2d70 7269 6f72 ..For high-prior\n+0002f060: 6974 7920 7072 6f6d 7074 7320 7769 7468 ity prompts with\n+0002f070: 6f75 7420 6120 7265 6173 6f6e 6162 6c65 out a reasonable\n+0002f080: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2061 6e73 7765 722c default answer,\n+0002f090: 0a6d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 .maintainer scri\n+0002f0a0: 7074 7320 6d61 7920 6162 6f72 7420 6966 pts may abort if\n+0002f0b0: 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 6e6f 2063 6f6e there is no con\n+0002f0c0: 7472 6f6c 6c69 6e67 2074 6572 6d69 6e61 trolling termina\n+0002f0d0: 6c2e 0a48 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6973 l..However, this\n+0002f0e0: 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 2073 686f 756c situation shoul\n+0002f0f0: 6420 6265 2061 766f 6964 6564 2069 6620 d be avoided if \n+0002f100: 6174 2061 6c6c 2070 6f73 7369 626c 652c at all possible,\n+0002f110: 2073 696e 6365 2069 740a 7072 6576 656e since it.preven\n+0002f120: 7473 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6564 206f 7220 ts automated or \n+0002f130: 756e 6174 7465 6e64 6564 2069 6e73 7461 unattended insta\n+0002f140: 6c6c 732e 2020 496e 206d 6f73 7420 6361 lls. In most ca\n+0002f150: 7365 732c 2075 7365 7273 2077 696c 6c0a ses, users will.\n+0002f160: 636f 6e73 6964 6572 2074 6869 7320 746f consider this to\n+0002f170: 2062 6520 6120 6275 6720 696e 2074 6865 be a bug in the\n+0002f180: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c package.....Fil\n+0002f190: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n+0002f1a0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4578 .info, Node: Ex\n+0002f1b0: 6974 2073 7461 7475 732c 2020 4e65 7874 it status, Next\n+0002f1c0: 3a20 5375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2077 6179 : Summary of way\n+0002f1d0: 7320 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 s maintainer scr\n+0002f1e0: 6970 7473 2061 7265 2063 616c 6c65 642c ipts are called,\n+0002f1f0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 436f 6e74 726f 6c6c Prev: Controll\n+0002f200: 696e 6720 7465 726d 696e 616c 2066 6f72 ing terminal for\n+0002f210: 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 maintainer scri\n+0002f220: 7074 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5061 636b 6167 pts, Up: Packag\n+0002f230: 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 e maintainer scr\n+0002f240: 6970 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c ipts and install\n+0002f250: 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6f63 6564 7572 650a ation procedure.\n+0002f260: 0a36 2e34 2045 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 .6.4 Exit status\n+0002f270: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+0002f280: 0a0a 4561 6368 2073 6372 6970 7420 6d75 ..Each script mu\n+0002f290: 7374 2072 6574 7572 6e20 6120 7a65 726f st return a zero\n+0002f2a0: 2065 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 2066 6f72 exit status for\n+0002f2b0: 2073 7563 6365 7373 2c20 6f72 2061 206e success, or a n\n+0002f2c0: 6f6e 7a65 726f 206f 6e65 0a66 6f72 2066 onzero one.for f\n+0002f2d0: 6169 6c75 7265 2c20 7369 6e63 6520 7468 ailure, since th\n+0002f2e0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 6e61 6765 e package manage\n+0002f2f0: 6d65 6e74 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6c6f 6f6b ment system look\n+0002f300: 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 6578 6974 0a73 s for the exit.s\n+0002f310: 7461 7475 7320 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2073 tatus of these s\n+0002f320: 6372 6970 7473 2061 6e64 2064 6574 6572 cripts and deter\n+0002f330: 6d69 6e65 7320 7768 6174 2061 6374 696f mines what actio\n+0002f340: 6e20 746f 2074 616b 6520 6e65 7874 2062 n to take next b\n+0002f350: 6173 6564 206f 6e0a 7468 6174 2064 6174 ased on.that dat\n+0002f360: 756d 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 um.....File: deb\n+0002f370: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n+0002f380: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5375 6d6d 6172 7920 Node: Summary \n+0002f390: 6f66 2077 6179 7320 6d61 696e 7461 696e of ways maintain\n+0002f3a0: 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 7265 2063 er scripts are c\n+0002f3b0: 616c 6c65 642c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4465 alled, Next: De\n+0002f3c0: 7461 696c 7320 6f66 2075 6e70 6163 6b20 tails of unpack \n+0002f3d0: 7068 6173 6520 6f66 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c phase of install\n+0002f3e0: 6174 696f 6e20 6f72 2075 7067 7261 6465 ation or upgrade\n+0002f3f0: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2045 7869 7420 7374 , Prev: Exit st\n+0002f400: 6174 7573 2c20 2055 703a 2050 6163 6b61 atus, Up: Packa\n+0002f410: 6765 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 ge maintainer sc\n+0002f420: 7269 7074 7320 616e 6420 696e 7374 616c ripts and instal\n+0002f430: 6c61 7469 6f6e 2070 726f 6365 6475 7265 lation procedure\n+0002f440: 0a0a 362e 3520 5375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 ..6.5 Summary of\n+0002f450: 2077 6179 7320 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 ways maintainer\n+0002f460: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 7265 2063 616c scripts are cal\n+0002f470: 6c65 640a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d led.============\n+0002f480: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0002f490: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0002f4a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a57 6861 7420 666f 6c6c =====..What foll\n+0002f4b0: 6f77 7320 6973 2061 2073 756d 6d61 7279 ows is a summary\n+0002f4c0: 206f 6620 616c 6c20 7468 6520 7761 7973 of all the ways\n+0002f4d0: 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 6d61 696e 7461 in which mainta\n+0002f4e0: 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 0a6d 6179 iner scripts.may\n+0002f4f0: 2062 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 2061 6c6f 6e67 be called along\n+0002f500: 2077 6974 6820 7768 6174 2066 6163 696c with what facil\n+0002f510: 6974 6965 7320 7468 6f73 6520 7363 7269 ities those scri\n+0002f520: 7074 7320 6d61 7920 7265 6c79 206f 6e20 pts may rely on \n+0002f530: 6265 696e 670a 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 being.available \n+0002f540: 6174 2074 6861 7420 7469 6d65 2e20 2053 at that time. S\n+0002f550: 6372 6970 7420 6e61 6d65 7320 7072 6563 cript names prec\n+0002f560: 6564 6564 2062 7920 6e65 772d 2061 7265 eded by new- are\n+0002f570: 2074 6865 2073 6372 6970 7473 0a66 726f the scripts.fro\n+0002f580: 6d20 7468 6520 6e65 7720 7665 7273 696f m the new versio\n+0002f590: 6e20 6f66 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2062 n of a package b\n+0002f5a0: 6569 6e67 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2c20 eing installed, \n+0002f5b0: 7570 6772 6164 6564 2074 6f2c 206f 720a upgraded to, or.\n+0002f5c0: 646f 776e 6772 6164 6564 2074 6f2e 2020 downgraded to. \n+0002f5d0: 5363 7269 7074 206e 616d 6573 2070 7265 Script names pre\n+0002f5e0: 6365 6465 6420 6279 206f 6c64 2d20 6172 ceded by old- ar\n+0002f5f0: 6520 7468 6520 7363 7269 7074 7320 6672 e the scripts fr\n+0002f600: 6f6d 2074 6865 0a6f 6c64 2076 6572 7369 om the.old versi\n+0002f610: 6f6e 206f 6620 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 on of a package \n+0002f620: 7468 6174 2069 7320 6265 696e 6720 7570 that is being up\n+0002f630: 6772 6164 6564 2066 726f 6d20 6f72 2064 graded from or d\n+0002f640: 6f77 6e67 7261 6465 6420 6672 6f6d 2e0a owngraded from..\n+0002f650: 0a54 6865 20e2 8098 7072 6569 6e73 74e2 .The ...preinst.\n+0002f660: 8099 2073 6372 6970 7420 6d61 7920 6265 .. script may be\n+0002f670: 2063 616c 6c65 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 called in the f\n+0002f680: 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2077 6179 733a 0a0a ollowing ways:..\n+0002f690: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6e65 772d 7072 6569 ...new-prei\n+0002f6a0: 6e73 74e2 8099 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 0a20 nst... install. \n+0002f6b0: 2020 2020 e280 986e 6577 2d70 7265 696e ...new-prein\n+0002f6c0: 7374 e280 9920 696e 7374 616c 6c20 276f st... install 'o\n+0002f6d0: 6c64 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 2720 276e 6577 ld-version' 'new\n+0002f6e0: 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 2020 2020 20e2 -version'. .\n+0002f6f0: 8098 6e65 772d 7072 6569 6e73 74e2 8099 ..new-preinst...\n+0002f700: 2075 7067 7261 6465 2027 6f6c 642d 7665 upgrade 'old-ve\n+0002f710: 7273 696f 6e27 2027 6e65 772d 7665 7273 rsion' 'new-vers\n+0002f720: 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 6865 2070 ion'.. The p\n+0002f730: 6163 6b61 6765 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 ackage will not \n+0002f740: 7965 7420 6265 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 642c yet be unpacked,\n+0002f750: 2073 6f20 7468 6520 e280 9870 7265 696e so the ...prein\n+0002f760: 7374 e280 9920 7363 7269 7074 0a20 2020 st... script. \n+0002f770: 2020 6361 6e6e 6f74 2072 656c 7920 6f6e cannot rely on\n+0002f780: 2061 6e79 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e63 6c75 any files inclu\n+0002f790: 6465 6420 696e 2069 7473 2070 6163 6b61 ded in its packa\n+0002f7a0: 6765 2e20 204f 6e6c 7920 6573 7365 6e74 ge. 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(1)..T\n+0002fb80: 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 696e 7374 e280 he ...postinst..\n+0002fb90: 9920 7363 7269 7074 206d 6179 2062 6520 . script may be \n+0002fba0: 6361 6c6c 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 666f called in the fo\n+0002fbb0: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7761 7973 3a0a 0ae2 llowing ways:...\n+0002fbc0: 8098 706f 7374 696e 7374 e280 9920 636f ..postinst... co\n+0002fbd0: 6e66 6967 7572 6520 276d 6f73 742d 7265 nfigure 'most-re\n+0002fbe0: 6365 6e74 6c79 2d63 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 cently-configure\n+0002fbf0: 642d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 d-version'.. \n+0002fc00: 2054 6865 2066 696c 6573 2063 6f6e 7461 The files conta\n+0002fc10: 696e 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b ined in the pack\n+0002fc20: 6167 6520 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 756e 7061 age will be unpa\n+0002fc30: 636b 6564 2e20 2041 6c6c 2070 6163 6b61 cked. All packa\n+0002fc40: 6765 0a20 2020 2020 6465 7065 6e64 656e ge. dependen\n+0002fc50: 6369 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6174 206c 6561 cies will at lea\n+0002fc60: 7374 2062 6520 e280 9c55 6e70 6163 6b65 st be ...Unpacke\n+0002fc70: 64e2 809d 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 d.... If there \n+0002fc80: 6172 6520 6e6f 2063 6972 6375 6c61 720a are no circular.\n+0002fc90: 2020 2020 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 dependencie\n+0002fca0: 7320 696e 766f 6c76 6564 2c20 616c 6c20 s involved, all \n+0002fcb0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6465 7065 6e64 656e package dependen\n+0002fcc0: 6369 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2063 6f6e cies will be con\n+0002fcd0: 6669 6775 7265 642e 0a20 2020 2020 466f figured.. Fo\n+0002fce0: 7220 6265 6861 7669 6f72 2069 6e20 7468 r behavior in th\n+0002fcf0: 6520 6361 7365 206f 6620 6369 7263 756c e case of circul\n+0002fd00: 6172 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 732c ar dependencies,\n+0002fd10: 2073 6565 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6469 see the. di\n+0002fd20: 7363 7573 7369 6f6e 2069 6e20 2a6e 6f74 scussion in *not\n+0002fd30: 6520 4269 6e61 7279 2044 6570 656e 6465 e Binary Depende\n+0002fd40: 6e63 6965 7320 2d20 4465 7065 6e64 732c ncies - Depends,\n+0002fd50: 2052 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 732c 0a20 2020 Recommends,. \n+0002fd60: 2020 5375 6767 6573 7473 2c20 456e 6861 Suggests, Enha\n+0002fd70: 6e63 6573 2c20 5072 652d 4465 7065 6e64 nces, Pre-Depend\n+0002fd80: 733a 2039 622e 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 s: 9b... ...\n+0002fd90: 6f6c 642d 706f 7374 696e 7374 e280 9920 old-postinst... \n+0002fda0: 6162 6f72 742d 7570 6772 6164 6520 276e abort-upgrade 'n\n+0002fdb0: 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 2020 2020 ew-version'. \n+0002fdc0: 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 6f72 2773 ...conflictor's\n+0002fdd0: 2d70 6f73 7469 6e73 74e2 8099 2061 626f -postinst... abo\n+0002fde0: 7274 2d72 656d 6f76 6520 696e 2d66 6176 rt-remove in-fav\n+0002fdf0: 6f75 7220 2770 6163 6b61 6765 2720 276e our 'package' 'n\n+0002fe00: 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 2020 2020 ew-version'. \n+0002fe10: 20e2 8098 706f 7374 696e 7374 e280 9920 ...postinst... \n+0002fe20: 6162 6f72 742d 7265 6d6f 7665 0a20 2020 abort-remove. \n+0002fe30: 2020 e280 9864 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 ...deconfigure\n+0002fe40: 6427 732d 706f 7374 696e 7374 e280 9920 d's-postinst... \n+0002fe50: 6162 6f72 742d 6465 636f 6e66 6967 7572 abort-deconfigur\n+0002fe60: 6520 696e 2d66 6176 6f75 7220 2766 6169 e in-favour 'fai\n+0002fe70: 6c65 642d 696e 7374 616c 6c2d 7061 636b led-install-pack\n+0002fe80: 6167 6527 2027 7665 7273 696f 6e27 205b age' 'version' [\n+0002fe90: 2072 656d 6f76 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6c69 removing confli\n+0002fea0: 6374 696e 672d 7061 636b 6167 6520 7665 cting-package ve\n+0002feb0: 7273 696f 6e20 5d0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 rsion ].. Th\n+0002fec0: 6520 6669 6c65 7320 636f 6e74 6169 6e65 e files containe\n+0002fed0: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 d in the package\n+0002fee0: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 will be unpacke\n+0002fef0: 642e 2020 416c 6c20 7061 636b 6167 650a d. All package.\n+0002ff00: 2020 2020 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 dependencie\n+0002ff10: 7320 7769 6c6c 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 s will at least \n+0002ff20: 6265 20e2 809c 4861 6c66 2d49 6e73 7461 be ...Half-Insta\n+0002ff30: 6c6c 6564 e280 9d20 616e 6420 7769 6c6c lled... and will\n+0002ff40: 2068 6176 650a 2020 2020 2070 7265 7669 have. previ\n+0002ff50: 6f75 736c 7920 6265 656e 2063 6f6e 6669 ously been confi\n+0002ff60: 6775 7265 6420 616e 6420 6e6f 7420 7265 gured and not re\n+0002ff70: 6d6f 7665 642e 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c moved. However,\n+0002ff80: 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 730a 2020 dependencies. \n+0002ff90: 2020 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2062 6520 636f may not be co\n+0002ffa0: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 206f 7220 6576 656e nfigured or even\n+0002ffb0: 2066 756c 6c79 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 6420 fully unpacked \n+0002ffc0: 696e 2073 6f6d 6520 6572 726f 720a 2020 in some error. \n+0002ffd0: 2020 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 situations. \n+0002ffe0: 2832 2920 2054 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 (2) The ...post\n+0002fff0: 696e 7374 e280 9920 7368 6f75 6c64 2073 inst... should s\n+00030000: 7469 6c6c 2061 7474 656d 7074 2061 6e79 till attempt any\n+00030010: 2061 6374 696f 6e73 0a20 2020 2020 666f actions. fo\n+00030020: 7220 7768 6963 6820 6974 7320 6465 7065 r which its depe\n+00030030: 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2061 7265 2072 6571 ndencies are req\n+00030040: 7569 7265 642c 2073 696e 6365 2074 6865 uired, since the\n+00030050: 7920 7769 6c6c 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 790a y will normally.\n+00030060: 2020 2020 2062 6520 6176 6169 6c61 626c be availabl\n+00030070: 652c 2062 7574 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7220 e, but consider \n+00030080: 7468 6520 636f 7272 6563 7420 6572 726f the correct erro\n+00030090: 7220 6861 6e64 6c69 6e67 2061 7070 726f r handling appro\n+000300a0: 6163 6820 6966 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6f73 ach if. thos\n+000300b0: 6520 6163 7469 6f6e 7320 6661 696c 2e20 e actions fail. \n+000300c0: 2041 626f 7274 696e 6720 7468 6520 e280 Aborting the ..\n+000300d0: 9870 6f73 7469 6e73 74e2 8099 2061 6374 .postinst... act\n+000300e0: 696f 6e20 6966 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 ion if commands \n+000300f0: 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 6661 6369 6c69 7469 or. faciliti\n+00030100: 6573 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 7061 636b es from the pack\n+00030110: 6167 6520 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 age dependencies\n+00030120: 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2061 7661 696c 6162 are not availab\n+00030130: 6c65 2069 7320 6f66 7465 6e0a 2020 2020 le is often. \n+00030140: 2074 6865 2062 6573 7420 6170 7072 6f61 the best approa\n+00030150: 6368 2e0a 0a54 6865 20e2 8098 7072 6572 ch...The ...prer\n+00030160: 6de2 8099 2073 6372 6970 7420 6d61 7920 m... script may \n+00030170: 6265 2063 616c 6c65 6420 696e 2074 6865 be called in the\n+00030180: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2077 6179 733a following ways:\n+00030190: 0a0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 7072 6572 6de2 .. ...prerm.\n+000301a0: 8099 2072 656d 6f76 650a 2020 2020 20e2 .. remove. .\n+000301b0: 8098 6f6c 642d 7072 6572 6de2 8099 2075 ..old-prerm... u\n+000301c0: 7067 7261 6465 2027 6e65 772d 7665 7273 pgrade 'new-vers\n+000301d0: 696f 6e27 0a20 2020 2020 e280 9863 6f6e ion'. ...con\n+000301e0: 666c 6963 746f 7227 732d 7072 6572 6de2 flictor's-prerm.\n+000301f0: 8099 2072 656d 6f76 6520 696e 2d66 6176 .. remove in-fav\n+00030200: 6f75 7220 7061 636b 6167 6520 276e 6577 our package 'new\n+00030210: 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 2020 2020 20e2 -version'. .\n+00030220: 8098 6465 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2773 ..deconfigured's\n+00030230: 2d70 7265 726d e280 9920 6465 636f 6e66 -prerm... deconf\n+00030240: 6967 7572 6520 696e 2d66 6176 6f75 7220 igure in-favour \n+00030250: 2770 6163 6b61 6765 2d62 6569 6e67 2d69 'package-being-i\n+00030260: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2720 2776 6572 7369 nstalled' 'versi\n+00030270: 6f6e 2720 5b72 656d 6f76 696e 6720 636f on' [removing co\n+00030280: 6e66 6c69 6374 696e 672d 7061 636b 6167 nflicting-packag\n+00030290: 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e5d 0a0a 2020 2020 e version].. \n+000302a0: 2054 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 686f The package who\n+000302b0: 7365 20e2 8098 7072 6572 6de2 8099 2069 se ...prerm... i\n+000302c0: 7320 6265 696e 6720 6361 6c6c 6564 2077 s being called w\n+000302d0: 696c 6c20 6265 2061 7420 6c65 6173 740a ill be at least.\n+000302e0: 2020 2020 20e2 809c 4861 6c66 2d49 6e73 ...Half-Ins\n+000302f0: 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 9d2e 2020 416c 6c20 talled.... All \n+00030300: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6465 7065 6e64 656e package dependen\n+00030310: 6369 6573 2077 696c 6c20 6174 206c 6561 cies will at lea\n+00030320: 7374 2062 650a 2020 2020 20e2 809c 4861 st be. ...Ha\n+00030330: 6c66 2d49 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 9d20 lf-Installed... \n+00030340: 616e 6420 7769 6c6c 2068 6176 6520 7072 and will have pr\n+00030350: 6576 696f 7573 6c79 2062 6565 6e20 636f eviously been co\n+00030360: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2061 6e64 206e 6f74 nfigured and not\n+00030370: 0a20 2020 2020 7265 6d6f 7665 642e 2020 . removed. \n+00030380: 4966 2074 6865 7265 2077 6173 206e 6f20 If there was no \n+00030390: 6572 726f 722c 2061 6c6c 2064 6570 656e error, all depen\n+000303a0: 6465 6e63 6965 7320 7769 6c6c 2061 7420 dencies will at \n+000303b0: 6c65 6173 7420 6265 0a20 2020 2020 e280 least be. ..\n+000303c0: 9c55 6e70 6163 6b65 64e2 809d 2c20 6275 .Unpacked..., bu\n+000303d0: 7420 7468 6573 6520 6163 7469 6f6e 7320 t these actions \n+000303e0: 6d61 7920 6265 2063 616c 6c65 6420 696e may be called in\n+000303f0: 2076 6172 696f 7573 2065 7272 6f72 2073 various error s\n+00030400: 7461 7465 730a 2020 2020 2077 6865 7265 tates. where\n+00030410: 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6172 dependencies ar\n+00030420: 6520 6f6e 6c79 20e2 809c 4861 6c66 2d49 e only ...Half-I\n+00030430: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 9d20 6475 6520 nstalled... due \n+00030440: 746f 2061 2070 6172 7469 616c 0a20 2020 to a partial. \n+00030450: 2020 7570 6772 6164 652e 0a0a e280 986e upgrade......n\n+00030460: 6577 2d70 7265 726d e280 9920 6661 696c ew-prerm... fail\n+00030470: 6564 2d75 7067 7261 6465 2027 6f6c 642d ed-upgrade 'old-\n+00030480: 7665 7273 696f 6e27 2027 6e65 772d 7665 version' 'new-ve\n+00030490: 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 2043 616c rsion'.. Cal\n+000304a0: 6c65 6420 6475 7269 6e67 2065 7272 6f72 led during error\n+000304b0: 2068 616e 646c 696e 6720 7768 656e 20e2 handling when .\n+000304c0: 8098 7072 6572 6d20 7570 6772 6164 65e2 ..prerm upgrade.\n+000304d0: 8099 2066 6169 6c73 2e20 2054 6865 206e .. fails. The n\n+000304e0: 6577 0a20 2020 2020 7061 636b 6167 6520 ew. package \n+000304f0: 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2079 6574 2062 6520 will not yet be \n+00030500: 756e 7061 636b 6564 2c20 616e 6420 616c unpacked, and al\n+00030510: 6c20 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2063 6f6e 7374 l the same const\n+00030520: 7261 696e 7473 2061 730a 2020 2020 2066 raints as. f\n+00030530: 6f72 20e2 8098 7072 6569 6e73 7420 7570 or ...preinst up\n+00030540: 6772 6164 65e2 8099 2061 7070 6c79 2e0a grade... apply..\n+00030550: 0a54 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 726d e280 .The ...postrm..\n+00030560: 9920 7363 7269 7074 206d 6179 2062 6520 . script may be \n+00030570: 6361 6c6c 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 666f called in the fo\n+00030580: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7761 7973 3a0a 0a20 llowing ways:.. \n+00030590: 2020 2020 e280 9870 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 ...postrm...\n+000305a0: 2072 656d 6f76 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 remove. ...\n+000305b0: 706f 7374 726d e280 9920 7075 7267 650a postrm... purge.\n+000305c0: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 6f6c 642d 706f 7374 ...old-post\n+000305d0: 726d e280 9920 7570 6772 6164 6520 276e rm... upgrade 'n\n+000305e0: 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 2020 2020 ew-version'. \n+000305f0: 20e2 8098 6469 7361 7070 6561 7265 7227 ...disappearer'\n+00030600: 732d 706f 7374 726d e280 9920 6469 7361 s-postrm... disa\n+00030610: 7070 6561 7220 6f76 6572 7772 6974 6572 ppear overwriter\n+00030620: 2027 6f76 6572 7772 6974 6572 2d76 6572 'overwriter-ver\n+00030630: 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 sion'.. The \n+00030640: e280 9870 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 2073 6372 ...postrm... scr\n+00030650: 6970 7420 6973 2063 616c 6c65 6420 6166 ipt is called af\n+00030660: 7465 7220 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 65e2 ter the package.\n+00030670: 8099 7320 6669 6c65 7320 6861 7665 2062 ..s files have b\n+00030680: 6565 6e0a 2020 2020 2072 656d 6f76 6564 een. removed\n+00030690: 206f 7220 7265 706c 6163 6564 2e20 2054 or replaced. T\n+000306a0: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 686f 7365 he package whose\n+000306b0: 20e2 8098 706f 7374 726d e280 9920 6973 ...postrm... is\n+000306c0: 2062 6569 6e67 2063 616c 6c65 640a 2020 being called. \n+000306d0: 2020 206d 6179 2068 6176 6520 7072 6576 may have prev\n+000306e0: 696f 7573 6c79 2062 6565 6e20 6465 636f iously been deco\n+000306f0: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2061 6e64 206f 6e6c nfigured and onl\n+00030700: 7920 6265 20e2 809c 556e 7061 636b 6564 y be ...Unpacked\n+00030710: e280 9d2c 2061 740a 2020 2020 2077 6869 ..., at. whi\n+00030720: 6368 2070 6f69 6e74 2073 7562 7365 7175 ch point subsequ\n+00030730: 656e 7420 7061 636b 6167 6520 6368 616e ent package chan\n+00030740: 6765 7320 646f 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e 7369 ges do not consi\n+00030750: 6465 7220 6974 730a 2020 2020 2064 6570 der its. dep\n+00030760: 656e 6465 6e63 6965 732e 2020 5468 6572 endencies. Ther\n+00030770: 6566 6f72 652c 2061 6c6c 20e2 8098 706f efore, all ...po\n+00030780: 7374 726d e280 9920 6163 7469 6f6e 7320 strm... actions \n+00030790: 6d75 7374 206f 6e6c 7920 7265 6c79 206f must only rely o\n+000307a0: 6e0a 2020 2020 2065 7373 656e 7469 616c n. essential\n+000307b0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 616e 6420 6d75 packages and mu\n+000307c0: 7374 2067 7261 6365 6675 6c6c 7920 736b st gracefully sk\n+000307d0: 6970 2061 6e79 2061 6374 696f 6e73 2074 ip any actions t\n+000307e0: 6861 740a 2020 2020 2072 6571 7569 7265 hat. require\n+000307f0: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 the package...s\n+00030800: 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6966 dependencies if\n+00030810: 2074 686f 7365 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 those dependenc\n+00030820: 6965 7320 6172 650a 2020 2020 2075 6e61 ies are. una\n+00030830: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2e20 2028 3329 0a0a vailable. (3)..\n+00030840: e280 986e 6577 2d70 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 ...new-postrm...\n+00030850: 2066 6169 6c65 642d 7570 6772 6164 6520 failed-upgrade \n+00030860: 276f 6c64 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 2720 276e 'old-version' 'n\n+00030870: 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 ew-version'.. \n+00030880: 2020 4361 6c6c 6564 2077 6865 6e20 7468 Called when th\n+00030890: 6520 6f6c 6420 e280 9870 6f73 7472 6d20 e old ...postrm \n+000308a0: 7570 6772 6164 65e2 8099 2061 6374 696f upgrade... actio\n+000308b0: 6e20 6661 696c 732e 2020 5468 6520 6e65 n fails. The ne\n+000308c0: 7720 7061 636b 6167 650a 2020 2020 2077 w package. w\n+000308d0: 696c 6c20 6265 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 642c ill be unpacked,\n+000308e0: 2062 7574 206f 6e6c 7920 6573 7365 6e74 but only essent\n+000308f0: 6961 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 6e64 ial packages and\n+00030900: 2070 7265 2d64 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 pre-dependencie\n+00030910: 730a 2020 2020 2063 616e 2062 6520 7265 s. can be re\n+00030920: 6c69 6564 206f 6e2e 2020 5072 652d 6465 lied on. Pre-de\n+00030930: 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2077 696c 6c20 pendencies will \n+00030940: 6569 7468 6572 2062 6520 636f 6e66 6967 either be config\n+00030950: 7572 6564 206f 720a 2020 2020 2077 696c ured or. wil\n+00030960: 6c20 6265 20e2 809c 556e 7061 636b 6564 l be ...Unpacked\n+00030970: e280 9d20 6f72 20e2 809c 4861 6c66 2d43 ... or ...Half-C\n+00030980: 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 64e2 809d 2062 7574 onfigured... but\n+00030990: 2070 7265 7669 6f75 736c 7920 6861 6420 previously had \n+000309a0: 6265 656e 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 been. config\n+000309b0: 7572 6564 2061 6e64 2077 6173 206e 6576 ured and was nev\n+000309c0: 6572 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 er removed... \n+000309d0: 2020 e280 986e 6577 2d70 6f73 7472 6de2 ...new-postrm.\n+000309e0: 8099 2061 626f 7274 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c .. abort-install\n+000309f0: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 986e 6577 2d70 6f73 . ...new-pos\n+00030a00: 7472 6de2 8099 2061 626f 7274 2d69 6e73 trm... abort-ins\n+00030a10: 7461 6c6c 2027 6f6c 642d 7665 7273 696f tall 'old-versio\n+00030a20: 6e27 2027 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 n' 'new-version'\n+00030a30: 0a20 2020 2020 e280 986e 6577 2d70 6f73 . ...new-pos\n+00030a40: 7472 6de2 8099 2061 626f 7274 2d75 7067 trm... abort-upg\n+00030a50: 7261 6465 2027 6f6c 642d 7665 7273 696f rade 'old-versio\n+00030a60: 6e27 2027 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 n' 'new-version'\n+00030a70: 0a0a 2020 2020 2043 616c 6c65 6420 6265 .. Called be\n+00030a80: 666f 7265 2075 6e70 6163 6b69 6e67 2074 fore unpacking t\n+00030a90: 6865 206e 6577 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 he new package a\n+00030aa0: 7320 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 6572 s part of the er\n+00030ab0: 726f 720a 2020 2020 2068 616e 646c 696e ror. handlin\n+00030ac0: 6720 6f66 20e2 8098 7072 6569 6e73 74e2 g of ...preinst.\n+00030ad0: 8099 2066 6169 6c75 7265 732e 2020 4d61 .. failures. Ma\n+00030ae0: 7920 6173 7375 6d65 2074 6865 2073 616d y assume the sam\n+00030af0: 6520 7374 6174 6520 6173 0a20 2020 2020 e state as. \n+00030b00: e280 9870 7265 696e 7374 e280 9920 6361 ...preinst... ca\n+00030b10: 6e20 6173 7375 6d65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d n assume... --\n+00030b20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 -------- Footnot\n+00030b30: 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 es ----------.. \n+00030b40: 2020 2831 2920 5468 6973 2063 616e 2068 (1) This can h\n+00030b50: 6170 7065 6e20 6966 2074 6865 206e 6577 appen if the new\n+00030b60: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 version of the \n+00030b70: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6e6f 206c 6f6e 6765 package no longe\n+00030b80: 720a 7072 652d 6465 7065 6e64 7320 6f6e r.pre-depends on\n+00030b90: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6861 7420 a package that \n+00030ba0: 6861 6420 6265 656e 2070 6172 7469 616c had been partial\n+00030bb0: 6c79 2075 7067 7261 6465 642e 0a0a 2020 ly upgraded... \n+00030bc0: 2028 3229 2046 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 (2) For example\n+00030bd0: 2c20 7375 7070 6f73 6520 7061 636b 6167 , suppose packag\n+00030be0: 6573 2066 6f6f 2061 6e64 2062 6172 2061 es foo and bar a\n+00030bf0: 7265 20e2 809c 496e 7374 616c 6c65 64e2 re ...Installed.\n+00030c00: 809d 2077 6974 680a 666f 6f20 6465 7065 .. with.foo depe\n+00030c10: 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 2062 6172 2e20 2049 nding on bar. I\n+00030c20: 6620 616e 2075 7067 7261 6465 206f 6620 f an upgrade of \n+00030c30: 6261 7220 7765 7265 2073 7461 7274 6564 bar were started\n+00030c40: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6e0a 6162 6f72 7465 and then.aborte\n+00030c50: 642c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6e20 616e 2061 d, and then an a\n+00030c60: 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 7265 6d6f 7665 ttempt to remove\n+00030c70: 2066 6f6f 2066 6169 6c65 6420 6265 6361 foo failed beca\n+00030c80: 7573 6520 6974 7320 e280 9870 7265 726d use its ...prerm\n+00030c90: e280 990a 7363 7269 7074 2066 6169 6c65 ....script faile\n+00030ca0: 642c 2066 6f6f e280 9973 20e2 8098 706f d, foo...s ...po\n+00030cb0: 7374 696e 7374 2061 626f 7274 2d72 656d stinst abort-rem\n+00030cc0: 6f76 65e2 8099 2077 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 ove... would be \n+00030cd0: 6361 6c6c 6564 2077 6974 6820 6261 720a called with bar.\n+00030ce0: 6f6e 6c79 20e2 809c 4861 6c66 2d49 6e73 only ...Half-Ins\n+00030cf0: 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 9d2e 0a0a 2020 2028 talled...... (\n+00030d00: 3329 2054 6869 7320 6973 206f 6674 656e 3) This is often\n+00030d10: 2064 6f6e 6520 6279 2063 6865 636b 696e done by checkin\n+00030d20: 6720 7768 6574 6865 7220 7468 6520 636f g whether the co\n+00030d30: 6d6d 616e 6420 6f72 2066 6163 696c 6974 mmand or facilit\n+00030d40: 790a 7468 6520 e280 9870 6f73 7472 6de2 y.the ...postrm.\n+00030d50: 8099 2069 6e74 656e 6473 2074 6f20 6361 .. intends to ca\n+00030d60: 6c6c 2069 7320 6176 6169 6c61 626c 6520 ll is available \n+00030d70: 6265 666f 7265 2063 616c 6c69 6e67 2069 before calling i\n+00030d80: 742e 2020 466f 720a 6578 616d 706c 653a t. For.example:\n+00030d90: 0a0a 2020 2020 2069 6620 5b20 2224 3122 .. if [ \"$1\"\n+00030da0: 203d 2070 7572 6765 205d 2026 2620 5b20 = purge ] && [ \n+00030db0: 2d65 202f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 6465 -e /usr/share/de\n+00030dc0: 6263 6f6e 662f 636f 6e66 6d6f 6475 6c65 bconf/confmodule\n+00030dd0: 205d 3b20 7468 656e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ]; then. \n+00030de0: 2020 2e20 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 2f64 . /usr/share/d\n+00030df0: 6562 636f 6e66 2f63 6f6e 666d 6f64 756c ebconf/confmodul\n+00030e00: 6520 6462 5f70 7572 6765 0a20 2020 2020 e db_purge. \n+00030e10: 6669 0a0a 696e 20e2 8098 706f 7374 726d fi..in ...postrm\n+00030e20: e280 9920 7075 7267 6573 2074 6865 20e2 ... purges the .\n+00030e30: 8098 6465 6263 6f6e 66e2 8099 2063 6f6e ..debconf... con\n+00030e40: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2074 figuration for t\n+00030e50: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 660a 6465 he package if.de\n+00030e60: 6263 6f6e 6620 6973 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c bconf is install\n+00030e70: 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 ed.....File: deb\n+00030e80: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n+00030e90: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 7461 696c 7320 Node: Details \n+00030ea0: 6f66 2075 6e70 6163 6b20 7068 6173 6520 of unpack phase \n+00030eb0: 6f66 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 of installation \n+00030ec0: 6f72 2075 7067 7261 6465 2c20 204e 6578 or upgrade, Nex\n+00030ed0: 743a 2044 6574 6169 6c73 206f 6620 636f t: Details of co\n+00030ee0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 nfiguration, Pr\n+00030ef0: 6576 3a20 5375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 2077 ev: Summary of w\n+00030f00: 6179 7320 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 ays maintainer s\n+00030f10: 6372 6970 7473 2061 7265 2063 616c 6c65 cripts are calle\n+00030f20: 642c 2020 5570 3a20 5061 636b 6167 6520 d, Up: Package \n+00030f30: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 maintainer scrip\n+00030f40: 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 ts and installat\n+00030f50: 696f 6e20 7072 6f63 6564 7572 650a 0a36 ion procedure..6\n+00030f60: 2e36 2044 6574 6169 6c73 206f 6620 756e .6 Details of un\n+00030f70: 7061 636b 2070 6861 7365 206f 6620 696e pack phase of in\n+00030f80: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 7570 stallation or up\n+00030f90: 6772 6164 650a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d grade.==========\n+00030fa0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00030fb0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00030fc0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 ============..Th\n+00030fd0: 6520 7072 6f63 6564 7572 6520 6f6e 2069 e procedure on i\n+00030fe0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e2f 7570 6772 nstallation/upgr\n+00030ff0: 6164 652f 6f76 6572 7772 6974 652f 6469 ade/overwrite/di\n+00031000: 7361 7070 6561 7220 2869 2e65 2e2c 2077 sappear (i.e., w\n+00031010: 6865 6e0a 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 e280 9864 hen.running ...d\n+00031020: 706b 6720 2d2d 756e 7061 636b e280 992c pkg --unpack...,\n+00031030: 206f 7220 7468 6520 756e 7061 636b 2073 or the unpack s\n+00031040: 7461 6765 206f 6620 e280 9864 706b 6720 tage of ...dpkg \n+00031050: 2d2d 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2920 6973 --install...) is\n+00031060: 2061 730a 666f 6c6c 6f77 732e 2020 2831 as.follows. (1\n+00031070: 2920 2049 6e20 6561 6368 2063 6173 652c ) In each case,\n+00031080: 2069 6620 6120 6d61 6a6f 7220 6572 726f if a major erro\n+00031090: 7220 6f63 6375 7273 2028 756e 6c65 7373 r occurs (unless\n+000310a0: 206c 6973 7465 640a 6265 6c6f 7729 2074 listed.below) t\n+000310b0: 6865 2061 6374 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2c20 he actions are, \n+000310c0: 696e 2067 656e 6572 616c 2c20 7275 6e20 in general, run \n+000310d0: 6261 636b 7761 7264 7320 2d20 7468 6973 backwards - this\n+000310e0: 206d 6561 6e73 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a means that the.\n+000310f0: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 maintainer scrip\n+00031100: 7473 2061 7265 2072 756e 2077 6974 6820 ts are run with \n+00031110: 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 6172 6775 6d65 different argume\n+00031120: 6e74 7320 696e 2072 6576 6572 7365 206f nts in reverse o\n+00031130: 7264 6572 2e0a 5468 6573 6520 6172 6520 rder..These are \n+00031140: 7468 6520 e280 9c65 7272 6f72 2075 6e77 the ...error unw\n+00031150: 696e 64e2 809d 2063 616c 6c73 206c 6973 ind... calls lis\n+00031160: 7465 6420 6265 6c6f 772e 0a0a 2020 312e ted below... 1.\n+00031170: 204e 6f74 6966 7920 7468 6520 6375 7272 Notify the curr\n+00031180: 656e 746c 7920 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 ently installed \n+00031190: 7061 636b 6167 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 package:.. \n+000311a0: 2061 2e20 4966 2061 2076 6572 7369 6f6e a. If a version\n+000311b0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 of the package \n+000311c0: 6973 2061 6c72 6561 6479 20e2 809c 496e is already ...In\n+000311d0: 7374 616c 6c65 64e2 809d 2c20 6361 6c6c stalled..., call\n+000311e0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .. \n+000311f0: 206f 6c64 2d70 7265 726d 2075 7067 7261 old-prerm upgra\n+00031200: 6465 2060 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 de `new-version'\n+00031210: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2062 2e20 4966 2074 .. b. If t\n+00031220: 6865 2073 6372 6970 7420 7275 6e73 2062 he script runs b\n+00031230: 7574 2065 7869 7473 2077 6974 6820 6120 ut exits with a \n+00031240: 6e6f 6e2d 7a65 726f 2065 7869 7420 7374 non-zero exit st\n+00031250: 6174 7573 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 atus,. \n+00031260: e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 ...dpkg... will \n+00031270: 6174 7465 6d70 743a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 attempt:.. \n+00031280: 2020 2020 2020 2020 206e 6577 2d70 7265 new-pre\n+00031290: 726d 2066 6169 6c65 642d 7570 6772 6164 rm failed-upgrad\n+000312a0: 6520 606f 6c64 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 2720 e `old-version' \n+000312b0: 606e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 `new-version'.. \n+000312c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6973 If this\n+000312d0: 2077 6f72 6b73 2c20 7468 6520 7570 6772 works, the upgr\n+000312e0: 6164 6520 636f 6e74 696e 7565 732e 2020 ade continues. \n+000312f0: 4966 2074 6869 7320 646f 6573 206e 6f74 If this does not\n+00031300: 2077 6f72 6b2c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 work,. \n+00031310: 2074 6865 2065 7272 6f72 2075 6e77 696e the error unwin\n+00031320: 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d:.. \n+00031330: 2020 2060 6f6c 642d 706f 7374 696e 7374 `old-postinst\n+00031340: 2720 6162 6f72 742d 7570 6772 6164 6520 ' abort-upgrade \n+00031350: 606e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 `new-version'.. \n+00031360: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6973 If this\n+00031370: 2077 6f72 6b73 2c20 7468 656e 2074 6865 works, then the\n+00031380: 2027 6f6c 642d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 2069 'old-version' i\n+00031390: 7320 e280 9c49 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 s ...Installed..\n+000313a0: 9d2c 2069 6620 6e6f 742c 0a20 2020 2020 ., if not,. \n+000313b0: 2020 2020 2074 6865 206f 6c64 2076 6572 the old ver\n+000313c0: 7369 6f6e 2069 7320 696e 2061 20e2 809c sion is in a ...\n+000313d0: 4861 6c66 2d43 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 64e2 Half-Configured.\n+000313e0: 809d 2073 7461 7465 2e0a 0a20 2032 2e20 .. state... 2. \n+000313f0: 4966 2061 20e2 809c 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 If a ...conflict\n+00031400: 696e 67e2 809d 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 ing... package i\n+00031410: 7320 6265 696e 6720 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 s being removed \n+00031420: 6174 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7469 6d65 at the same time\n+00031430: 2c20 6f72 2069 660a 2020 2020 2061 6e79 , or if. any\n+00031440: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 696c 6c20 6265 package will be\n+00031450: 2062 726f 6b65 6e20 2864 7565 2074 6f20 broken (due to \n+00031460: e280 9842 7265 616b 73e2 8099 293a 0a0a ...Breaks...):..\n+00031470: 2020 2020 2020 2061 2e20 4966 20e2 8098 a. 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Er\n+00031570: 726f 7220 756e 7769 6e64 3a0a 0a20 2020 ror unwind:.. \n+00031580: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6064 6563 `dec\n+00031590: 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6427 732d 706f 7374 onfigured's-post\n+000315a0: 696e 7374 2720 6162 6f72 742d 6465 636f inst' abort-deco\n+000315b0: 6e66 6967 7572 6520 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 nfigure \\. \n+000315c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e2d in-\n+000315d0: 6661 766f 7572 2060 7061 636b 6167 652d favour `package-\n+000315e0: 6265 696e 672d 696e 7374 616c 6c65 642d being-installed-\n+000315f0: 6275 742d 6661 696c 6564 2720 6076 6572 but-failed' `ver\n+00031600: 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 sion'.. \n+00031610: 2054 6865 2064 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 The deconfigure\n+00031620: 6420 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 7265 206d d packages are m\n+00031630: 6172 6b65 6420 6173 2072 6571 7569 7269 arked as requiri\n+00031640: 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f6e ng. con\n+00031650: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 736f 2074 figuration, so t\n+00031660: 6861 7420 6966 20e2 8098 2d2d 696e 7374 hat if ...--inst\n+00031670: 616c 6ce2 8099 2069 7320 7573 6564 2074 all... is used t\n+00031680: 6865 7920 7769 6c6c 2062 650a 2020 2020 hey will be. \n+00031690: 2020 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 configured\n+000316a0: 2061 6761 696e 2069 6620 706f 7373 6962 again if possib\n+000316b0: 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 622e 2049 le... b. I\n+000316c0: 6620 616e 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 2064 f any packages d\n+000316d0: 6570 656e 6465 6420 6f6e 2061 2063 6f6e epended on a con\n+000316e0: 666c 6963 7469 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 flicting package\n+000316f0: 2062 6569 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 being. \n+00031700: 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 removed and ...\n+00031710: 2d2d 6175 746f 2d64 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 --auto-deconfigu\n+00031720: 7265 e280 9920 6973 2073 7065 6369 6669 re... is specifi\n+00031730: 6564 2c20 6361 6c6c 2c20 666f 7220 6561 ed, call, for ea\n+00031740: 6368 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7563 ch. suc\n+00031750: 6820 7061 636b 6167 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 h package:.. \n+00031760: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 6465 636f `deco\n+00031770: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2773 2d70 7265 726d nfigured's-prerm\n+00031780: 2720 6465 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6520 5c0a ' deconfigure \\.\n+00031790: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+000317a0: 2020 696e 2d66 6176 6f75 7220 6070 6163 in-favour `pac\n+000317b0: 6b61 6765 2d62 6569 6e67 2d69 6e73 7461 kage-being-insta\n+000317c0: 6c6c 6564 2720 6076 6572 7369 6f6e 2720 lled' `version' \n+000317d0: 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \\. \n+000317e0: 2020 2020 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 2060 636f removing `co\n+000317f0: 6e66 6c69 6374 696e 672d 7061 636b 6167 nflicting-packag\n+00031800: 6527 2060 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 e' `version'.. \n+00031810: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4572 726f 7220 756e Error un\n+00031820: 7769 6e64 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 wind:.. \n+00031830: 2020 2020 2020 6064 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 `deconfigu\n+00031840: 7265 6427 732d 706f 7374 696e 7374 2720 red's-postinst' \n+00031850: 6162 6f72 742d 6465 636f 6e66 6967 7572 abort-deconfigur\n+00031860: 6520 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e \\. \n+00031870: 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e2d 6661 766f 7572 in-favour\n+00031880: 2060 7061 636b 6167 652d 6265 696e 672d `package-being-\n+00031890: 696e 7374 616c 6c65 642d 6275 742d 6661 installed-but-fa\n+000318a0: 696c 6564 2720 6076 6572 7369 6f6e 2720 iled' `version' \n+000318b0: 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \\. \n+000318c0: 2020 2020 2072 656d 6f76 696e 6720 6063 removing `c\n+000318d0: 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 6e67 2d70 6163 6b61 onflicting-packa\n+000318e0: 6765 2720 6076 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 ge' `version'.. \n+000318f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2054 6865 2064 6563 The dec\n+00031900: 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 7061 636b 6167 onfigured packag\n+00031910: 6573 2061 7265 206d 6172 6b65 6420 6173 es are marked as\n+00031920: 2072 6571 7569 7269 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 requiring. \n+00031930: 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 configurati\n+00031940: 6f6e 2c20 736f 2074 6861 7420 6966 20e2 on, so that if .\n+00031950: 8098 2d2d 696e 7374 616c 6ce2 8099 2069 ..--install... i\n+00031960: 7320 7573 6564 2074 6865 7920 7769 6c6c s used they will\n+00031970: 2062 650a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f be. co\n+00031980: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2061 6761 696e 2069 nfigured again i\n+00031990: 6620 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 f possible... \n+000319a0: 2020 2020 632e 2054 6f20 7072 6570 6172 c. To prepar\n+000319b0: 6520 666f 7220 7265 6d6f 7661 6c20 6f66 e for removal of\n+000319c0: 2065 6163 6820 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 696e each conflictin\n+000319d0: 6720 7061 636b 6167 652c 2063 616c 6c3a g package, call:\n+000319e0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .. \n+000319f0: 2060 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 6f72 2773 2d70 `conflictor's-p\n+00031a00: 7265 726d 2720 7265 6d6f 7665 205c 0a20 rerm' remove \\. \n+00031a10: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00031a20: 2020 696e 2d66 6176 6f75 7220 6070 6163 in-favour `pac\n+00031a30: 6b61 6765 2720 606e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 kage' `new-versi\n+00031a40: 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 on'.. E\n+00031a50: 7272 6f72 2075 6e77 696e 643a 0a0a 2020 rror unwind:.. \n+00031a60: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 636f `co\n+00031a70: 6e66 6c69 6374 6f72 2773 2d70 6f73 7469 nflictor's-posti\n+00031a80: 6e73 7427 2061 626f 7274 2d72 656d 6f76 nst' abort-remov\n+00031a90: 6520 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e \\. \n+00031aa0: 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e2d 6661 766f 7572 in-favour\n+00031ab0: 2060 7061 636b 6167 6527 2060 6e65 772d `package' `new-\n+00031ac0: 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 332e 2052 version'.. 3. R\n+00031ad0: 756e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7072 6569 6e73 un the ...preins\n+00031ae0: 74e2 8099 206f 6620 7468 6520 6e65 7720 t... of the new \n+00031af0: 7061 636b 6167 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 package:.. \n+00031b00: 2061 2e20 4966 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 a. If the packa\n+00031b10: 6765 2069 7320 6265 696e 6720 7570 6772 ge is being upgr\n+00031b20: 6164 6564 2c20 6361 6c6c 3a0a 0a20 2020 aded, call:.. \n+00031b30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 606e 6577 `new\n+00031b40: 2d70 7265 696e 7374 2720 7570 6772 6164 -preinst' upgrad\n+00031b50: 6520 606f 6c64 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 2720 e `old-version' \n+00031b60: 606e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 `new-version'.. \n+00031b70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6973 If this\n+00031b80: 2066 6169 6c73 2c20 7765 2063 616c 6c3a fails, we call:\n+00031b90: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 .. \n+00031ba0: 2060 6e65 772d 706f 7374 726d 2720 6162 `new-postrm' ab\n+00031bb0: 6f72 742d 7570 6772 6164 6520 606f 6c64 ort-upgrade `old\n+00031bc0: 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 2720 606e 6577 2d76 -version' `new-v\n+00031bd0: 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ersion'.. \n+00031be0: 2020 2020 2031 2e20 4966 2074 6861 7420 1. If that \n+00031bf0: 776f 726b 732c 2074 6865 6e0a 0a20 2020 works, then.. \n+00031c00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \n+00031c10: 2060 6f6c 642d 706f 7374 696e 7374 2720 `old-postinst' \n+00031c20: 6162 6f72 742d 7570 6772 6164 6520 606e abort-upgrade `n\n+00031c30: 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a 0a20 2020 ew-version'.. \n+00031c40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6973 2063 is c\n+00031c50: 616c 6c65 642e 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 alled. If this \n+00031c60: 776f 726b 732c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 works, then the \n+00031c70: 6f6c 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6973 2069 old version is i\n+00031c80: 6e20 616e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 n an. \n+00031c90: 2020 2020 e280 9c49 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 ...Installed\n+00031ca0: e280 9d20 7374 6174 652c 206f 7220 656c ... state, or el\n+00031cb0: 7365 2069 7420 6973 206c 6566 7420 696e se it is left in\n+00031cc0: 2061 6e20 e280 9c55 6e70 6163 6b65 64e2 an ...Unpacked.\n+00031cd0: 809d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ... \n+00031ce0: 2020 7374 6174 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 state... \n+00031cf0: 2020 2020 2020 322e 2049 6620 6974 2066 2. If it f\n+00031d00: 6169 6c73 2c20 7468 656e 2074 6865 206f ails, then the o\n+00031d10: 6c64 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2069 7320 6c65 ld version is le\n+00031d20: 6674 2069 6e20 616e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ft in an. \n+00031d30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 9c48 616c 662d ...Half-\n+00031d40: 496e 7374 616c 6c65 64e2 809d 2073 7461 Installed... sta\n+00031d50: 7465 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 622e 204f te... b. O\n+00031d60: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2c20 6966 2074 6865 therwise, if the\n+00031d70: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 6164 2073 6f6d package had som\n+00031d80: 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 e configuration \n+00031d90: 6669 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 2061 0a20 2020 files from a. \n+00031da0: 2020 2020 2020 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 previous \n+00031db0: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 696e 7374 616c 6c65 version installe\n+00031dc0: 6420 2869 2e65 2e2c 2069 7420 6973 2069 d (i.e., it is i\n+00031dd0: 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9c43 6f6e 6669 672d n the ...Config-\n+00031de0: 4669 6c65 73e2 809d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 Files.... \n+00031df0: 2020 2073 7461 7465 293a 0a0a 2020 2020 state):.. \n+00031e00: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 6e65 772d `new-\n+00031e10: 7072 6569 6e73 7427 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c preinst' install\n+00031e20: 2060 6f6c 642d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 2060 `old-version' `\n+00031e30: 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 new-version'.. \n+00031e40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4572 726f 7220 756e Error un\n+00031e50: 7769 6e64 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 wind:.. \n+00031e60: 2020 2020 2020 606e 6577 2d70 6f73 7472 `new-postr\n+00031e70: 6d27 2061 626f 7274 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c m' abort-install\n+00031e80: 2060 6f6c 642d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 2060 `old-version' `\n+00031e90: 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 new-version'.. \n+00031ea0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 If this \n+00031eb0: 6661 696c 732c 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 fails, the packa\n+00031ec0: 6765 2069 7320 6c65 6674 2069 6e20 6120 ge is left in a \n+00031ed0: e280 9c48 616c 662d 496e 7374 616c 6c65 ...Half-Installe\n+00031ee0: 64e2 809d 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 d.... s\n+00031ef0: 7461 7465 2c20 7768 6963 6820 7265 7175 tate, which requ\n+00031f00: 6972 6573 2061 2072 6569 6e73 7461 6c6c ires a reinstall\n+00031f10: 2e20 2049 6620 6974 2077 6f72 6b73 2c20 . If it works, \n+00031f20: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a20 2020 the packages. \n+00031f30: 2020 2020 2020 2069 7320 6c65 6674 2069 is left i\n+00031f40: 6e20 6120 e280 9c43 6f6e 6669 672d 4669 n a ...Config-Fi\n+00031f50: 6c65 73e2 809d 2073 7461 7465 2e0a 0a20 les... state... \n+00031f60: 2020 2020 2020 632e 204f 7468 6572 7769 c. Otherwi\n+00031f70: 7365 2028 692e 652e 2c20 7468 6520 7061 se (i.e., the pa\n+00031f80: 636b 6167 6520 7761 7320 636f 6d70 6c65 ckage was comple\n+00031f90: 7465 6c79 2070 7572 6765 6429 3a0a 0a20 tely purged):.. \n+00031fa0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 606e `n\n+00031fb0: 6577 2d70 7265 696e 7374 2720 696e 7374 ew-preinst' inst\n+00031fc0: 616c 6c0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2045 all.. E\n+00031fd0: 7272 6f72 2075 6e77 696e 643a 0a0a 2020 rror unwind:.. \n+00031fe0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 6e65 `ne\n+00031ff0: 772d 706f 7374 726d 2720 6162 6f72 742d w-postrm' abort-\n+00032000: 696e 7374 616c 6c0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 install.. \n+00032010: 2020 2049 6620 7468 6520 6572 726f 722d If the error-\n+00032020: 756e 7769 6e64 2066 6169 6c73 2c20 7468 unwind fails, th\n+00032030: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2069 6e20 e package is in \n+00032040: 610a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 e280 9c48 a. ...H\n+00032050: 616c 662d 496e 7374 616c 6c65 64e2 809d alf-Installed...\n+00032060: 2070 6861 7365 2c20 616e 6420 7265 7175 phase, and requ\n+00032070: 6972 6573 2061 2072 6569 6e73 7461 6c6c ires a reinstall\n+00032080: 2e20 2049 6620 7468 650a 2020 2020 2020 . If the. \n+00032090: 2020 2020 6572 726f 7220 756e 7769 6e64 error unwind\n+000320a0: 2077 6f72 6b73 2c20 7468 6520 7061 636b works, the pack\n+000320b0: 6167 6520 6973 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 age is in the ..\n+000320c0: 9c4e 6f74 2d49 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 e280 .Not-Installed..\n+000320d0: 9d0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 7374 6174 .. stat\n+000320e0: 652e 0a0a 2020 342e 2054 6865 206e 6577 e... 4. The new\n+000320f0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 2066 696c package...s fil\n+00032100: 6573 2061 7265 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 642c es are unpacked,\n+00032110: 206f 7665 7277 7269 7469 6e67 2061 6e79 overwriting any\n+00032120: 2074 6861 7420 6d61 7920 6265 0a20 2020 that may be. \n+00032130: 2020 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 on the system \n+00032140: 616c 7265 6164 792c 2066 6f72 2065 7861 already, for exa\n+00032150: 6d70 6c65 2061 6e79 2066 726f 6d20 7468 mple any from th\n+00032160: 6520 6f6c 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 e old version of\n+00032170: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7361 6d65 2070 the. same p\n+00032180: 6163 6b61 6765 206f 7220 6672 6f6d 2061 ackage or from a\n+00032190: 6e6f 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 nother package. \n+000321a0: 2042 6163 6b75 7073 206f 6620 7468 6520 Backups of the \n+000321b0: 6f6c 6420 6669 6c65 7320 6172 650a 2020 old files are. \n+000321c0: 2020 206b 6570 7420 7465 6d70 6f72 6172 kept temporar\n+000321d0: 696c 792c 2061 6e64 2069 6620 616e 7974 ily, and if anyt\n+000321e0: 6869 6e67 2067 6f65 7320 7772 6f6e 6720 hing goes wrong \n+000321f0: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 6e61 the package mana\n+00032200: 6765 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 7379 7374 gement. syst\n+00032210: 656d 2077 696c 6c20 6174 7465 6d70 7420 em will attempt \n+00032220: 746f 2070 7574 2074 6865 6d20 6261 636b to put them back\n+00032230: 2061 7320 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 as part of the \n+00032240: 6572 726f 7220 756e 7769 6e64 2e0a 0a20 error unwind... \n+00032250: 2020 2020 4974 2069 7320 616e 2065 7272 It is an err\n+00032260: 6f72 2066 6f72 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 or for a package\n+00032270: 2074 6f20 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 6669 6c65 to contain file\n+00032280: 7320 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 6f6e 2074 s which are on t\n+00032290: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7379 7374 656d 2069 he. system i\n+000322a0: 6e20 616e 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 n another packag\n+000322b0: 652c 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 e280 9852 6570 e, unless ...Rep\n+000322c0: 6c61 6365 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7573 6564 laces... is used\n+000322d0: 2028 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 2020 (see *note. \n+000322e0: 204f 7665 7277 7269 7469 6e67 2066 696c Overwriting fil\n+000322f0: 6573 2061 6e64 2072 6570 6c61 6369 6e67 es and replacing\n+00032300: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 5265 706c packages - Repl\n+00032310: 6163 6573 3a20 6561 2e29 2e0a 0a20 2020 aces: ea.)... \n+00032320: 2020 4974 2069 7320 6120 6d6f 7265 2073 It is a more s\n+00032330: 6572 696f 7573 2065 7272 6f72 2066 6f72 erious error for\n+00032340: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6f20 636f a package to co\n+00032350: 6e74 6169 6e20 6120 706c 6169 6e20 6669 ntain a plain fi\n+00032360: 6c65 206f 720a 2020 2020 206f 7468 6572 le or. other\n+00032370: 206b 696e 6420 6f66 206e 6f6e 2d64 6972 kind of non-dir\n+00032380: 6563 746f 7279 2077 6865 7265 2061 6e6f ectory where ano\n+00032390: 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 6173 ther package has\n+000323a0: 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 0a20 2020 a directory. \n+000323b0: 2020 2861 6761 696e 2c20 756e 6c65 7373 (again, unless\n+000323c0: 20e2 8098 5265 706c 6163 6573 e280 9920 ...Replaces... \n+000323d0: 6973 2075 7365 6429 2e20 2054 6869 7320 is used). This \n+000323e0: 6572 726f 7220 6361 6e20 6265 206f 7665 error can be ove\n+000323f0: 7272 6964 6465 6e0a 2020 2020 2069 6620 rridden. if \n+00032400: 6465 7369 7265 6420 7573 696e 6720 e280 desired using ..\n+00032410: 982d 2d66 6f72 6365 2d6f 7665 7277 7269 .--force-overwri\n+00032420: 7465 2d64 6972 e280 992c 2062 7574 2074 te-dir..., but t\n+00032430: 6869 7320 6973 206e 6f74 0a20 2020 2020 his is not. \n+00032440: 6164 7669 7361 626c 652e 0a0a 2020 2020 advisable... \n+00032450: 2050 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7768 6963 6820 Packages which \n+00032460: 6f76 6572 7772 6974 6520 6561 6368 206f overwrite each o\n+00032470: 7468 6572 e280 9973 2066 696c 6573 2070 ther...s files p\n+00032480: 726f 6475 6365 2062 6568 6176 696f 7220 roduce behavior \n+00032490: 7768 6963 682c 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6f75 which,. thou\n+000324a0: 6768 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e69 7374 6963 gh deterministic\n+000324b0: 2c20 6973 2068 6172 6420 666f 7220 7468 , is hard for th\n+000324c0: 6520 7379 7374 656d 2061 646d 696e 6973 e system adminis\n+000324d0: 7472 6174 6f72 2074 6f0a 2020 2020 2075 trator to. u\n+000324e0: 6e64 6572 7374 616e 642e 2020 4974 2063 nderstand. It c\n+000324f0: 616e 2065 6173 696c 7920 6c65 6164 2074 an easily lead t\n+00032500: 6f20 e280 9c6d 6973 7369 6e67 e280 9d20 o ...missing... \n+00032510: 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 2069 662c 2066 6f72 programs if, for\n+00032520: 0a20 2020 2020 6578 616d 706c 652c 2061 . example, a\n+00032530: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 756e 7061 package is unpa\n+00032540: 636b 6564 2077 6869 6368 206f 7665 7277 cked which overw\n+00032550: 7269 7465 7320 6120 6669 6c65 2066 726f rites a file fro\n+00032560: 6d20 616e 6f74 6865 720a 2020 2020 2070 m another. p\n+00032570: 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 616e 6420 6973 2074 ackage, and is t\n+00032580: 6865 6e20 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 6167 6169 hen removed agai\n+00032590: 6e2e 2020 2832 290a 0a20 2020 2020 4120 n. (2).. A \n+000325a0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7769 6c6c 206e directory will n\n+000325b0: 6576 6572 2062 6520 7265 706c 6163 6564 ever be replaced\n+000325c0: 2062 7920 6120 7379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c by a symbolic l\n+000325d0: 696e 6b20 746f 2061 0a20 2020 2020 6469 ink to a. di\n+000325e0: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6f72 2076 6963 6520 rectory or vice \n+000325f0: 7665 7273 613b 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2c20 versa; instead, \n+00032600: 7468 6520 6578 6973 7469 6e67 2073 7461 the existing sta\n+00032610: 7465 2028 7379 6d6c 696e 6b20 6f72 0a20 te (symlink or. \n+00032620: 2020 2020 6e6f 7429 2077 696c 6c20 6265 not) will be\n+00032630: 206c 6566 7420 616c 6f6e 6520 616e 6420 left alone and \n+00032640: e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 ...dpkg... will \n+00032650: 666f 6c6c 6f77 2074 6865 2073 796d 6c69 follow the symli\n+00032660: 6e6b 2069 6620 7468 6572 650a 2020 2020 nk if there. \n+00032670: 2069 7320 6f6e 652e 0a0a 2020 352e 2049 is one... 5. I\n+00032680: 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 f the package is\n+00032690: 2062 6569 6e67 2075 7067 7261 6465 643a being upgraded:\n+000326a0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2061 2e20 4361 6c6c .. a. Call\n+000326b0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 :.. \n+000326c0: 2020 606f 6c64 2d70 6f73 7472 6d27 2075 `old-postrm' u\n+000326d0: 7067 7261 6465 2060 6e65 772d 7665 7273 pgrade `new-vers\n+000326e0: 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2062 2e20 ion'.. b. \n+000326f0: 4966 2074 6869 7320 6661 696c 732c 20e2 If this fails, .\n+00032700: 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 2061 ..dpkg... will a\n+00032710: 7474 656d 7074 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 ttempt:.. \n+00032720: 2020 2020 2020 2020 606e 6577 2d70 6f73 `new-pos\n+00032730: 7472 6d27 2066 6169 6c65 642d 7570 6772 trm' failed-upgr\n+00032740: 6164 6520 606f 6c64 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e ade `old-version\n+00032750: 2720 606e 6577 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a ' `new-version'.\n+00032760: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 . If th\n+00032770: 6973 2077 6f72 6b73 2c20 696e 7374 616c is works, instal\n+00032780: 6c61 7469 6f6e 2063 6f6e 7469 6e75 6573 lation continues\n+00032790: 2e20 2049 6620 6e6f 742c 2045 7272 6f72 . If not, Error\n+000327a0: 2075 6e77 696e 643a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 unwind:.. \n+000327b0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 6f6c 642d 7072 `old-pr\n+000327c0: 6569 6e73 7427 2061 626f 7274 2d75 7067 einst' abort-upg\n+000327d0: 7261 6465 2060 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f rade `new-versio\n+000327e0: 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 4966 n'.. If\n+000327f0: 2074 6869 7320 6661 696c 732c 2074 6865 this fails, the\n+00032800: 206f 6c64 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2069 7320 old version is \n+00032810: 6c65 6674 2069 6e20 6120 e280 9c48 616c left in a ...Hal\n+00032820: 662d 496e 7374 616c 6c65 64e2 809d 0a20 f-Installed.... \n+00032830: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7461 7465 2e20 state. \n+00032840: 2049 6620 6974 2077 6f72 6b73 2c20 6470 If it works, dp\n+00032850: 6b67 206e 6f77 2063 616c 6c73 3a0a 0a20 kg now calls:.. \n+00032860: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 606e `n\n+00032870: 6577 2d70 6f73 7472 6d27 2061 626f 7274 ew-postrm' abort\n+00032880: 2d75 7067 7261 6465 2060 6f6c 642d 7665 -upgrade `old-ve\n+00032890: 7273 696f 6e27 2060 6e65 772d 7665 7273 rsion' `new-vers\n+000328a0: 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ion'.. \n+000328b0: 4966 2074 6869 7320 6661 696c 732c 2074 If this fails, t\n+000328c0: 6865 206f 6c64 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2069 he old version i\n+000328d0: 7320 6c65 6674 2069 6e20 6120 e280 9c48 s left in a ...H\n+000328e0: 616c 662d 496e 7374 616c 6c65 64e2 809d alf-Installed...\n+000328f0: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7461 7465 . state\n+00032900: 2e20 2049 6620 6974 2077 6f72 6b73 2c20 . If it works, \n+00032910: 6470 6b67 206e 6f77 2063 616c 6c73 3a0a dpkg now calls:.\n+00032920: 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 . \n+00032930: 606f 6c64 2d70 6f73 7469 6e73 7427 2061 `old-postinst' a\n+00032940: 626f 7274 2d75 7067 7261 6465 2060 6e65 bort-upgrade `ne\n+00032950: 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 w-version'.. \n+00032960: 2020 2020 2020 4966 2074 6869 7320 6661 If this fa\n+00032970: 696c 732c 2074 6865 206f 6c64 2076 6572 ils, the old ver\n+00032980: 7369 6f6e 2069 7320 696e 2061 6e20 e280 sion is in an ..\n+00032990: 9c55 6e70 6163 6b65 64e2 809d 2073 7461 .Unpacked... sta\n+000329a0: 7465 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6973 2069 te... This i\n+000329b0: 7320 7468 6520 706f 696e 7420 6f66 206e s the point of n\n+000329c0: 6f20 7265 7475 726e 2e20 2049 6620 e280 o return. If ..\n+000329d0: 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2067 6574 7320 7468 .dpkg... gets th\n+000329e0: 6973 2066 6172 2c20 6974 2077 6f6e e280 is far, it won..\n+000329f0: 9974 0a20 2020 2020 6261 636b 206f 6666 .t. back off\n+00032a00: 2070 6173 7420 7468 6973 2070 6f69 6e74 past this point\n+00032a10: 2069 6620 616e 2065 7272 6f72 206f 6363 if an error occ\n+00032a20: 7572 732e 2020 5468 6973 2077 696c 6c20 urs. This will \n+00032a30: 6c65 6176 6520 7468 650a 2020 2020 2070 leave the. p\n+00032a40: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 6e20 6120 6661 6972 ackage in a fair\n+00032a50: 6c79 2062 6164 2073 7461 7465 2c20 7768 ly bad state, wh\n+00032a60: 6963 6820 7769 6c6c 2072 6571 7569 7265 ich will require\n+00032a70: 2061 2073 7563 6365 7373 6675 6c0a 2020 a successful. \n+00032a80: 2020 2072 652d 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 re-installati\n+00032a90: 6f6e 2074 6f20 636c 6561 7220 7570 2c20 on to clear up, \n+00032aa0: 6275 7420 6974 e280 9973 2077 6865 6e20 but it...s when \n+00032ab0: e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2073 7461 7274 ...dpkg... start\n+00032ac0: 7320 646f 696e 670a 2020 2020 2074 6869 s doing. thi\n+00032ad0: 6e67 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 2069 7272 ngs that are irr\n+00032ae0: 6576 6572 7369 626c 652e 0a0a 2020 362e eversible... 6.\n+00032af0: 2041 6e79 2066 696c 6573 2077 6869 6368 Any files which\n+00032b00: 2077 6572 6520 696e 2074 6865 206f 6c64 were in the old\n+00032b10: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 version of the \n+00032b20: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6275 7420 6e6f 7420 package but not \n+00032b30: 696e 0a20 2020 2020 7468 6520 6e65 7720 in. the new \n+00032b40: 6172 6520 7265 6d6f 7665 642e 0a0a 2020 are removed... \n+00032b50: 372e 2054 6865 206e 6577 2066 696c 6520 7. The new file \n+00032b60: 6c69 7374 2072 6570 6c61 6365 7320 7468 list replaces th\n+00032b70: 6520 6f6c 642e 0a0a 2020 382e 2054 6865 e old... 8. The\n+00032b80: 206e 6577 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 new maintainer \n+00032b90: 7363 7269 7074 7320 7265 706c 6163 6520 scripts replace \n+00032ba0: 7468 6520 6f6c 642e 0a0a 2020 392e 2041 the old... 9. A\n+00032bb0: 6e79 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 616c 6c20 ny packages all \n+00032bc0: 6f66 2077 686f 7365 2066 696c 6573 2068 of whose files h\n+00032bd0: 6176 6520 6265 656e 206f 7665 7277 7269 ave been overwri\n+00032be0: 7474 656e 2064 7572 696e 6720 7468 650a tten during the.\n+00032bf0: 2020 2020 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f installatio\n+00032c00: 6e2c 2061 6e64 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 n, and which are\n+00032c10: 6ee2 8099 7420 7265 7175 6972 6564 2066 n...t required f\n+00032c20: 6f72 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 732c or dependencies,\n+00032c30: 2061 7265 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e73 6964 are. consid\n+00032c40: 6572 6564 2074 6f20 6861 7665 2062 6565 ered to have bee\n+00032c50: 6e20 7265 6d6f 7665 642e 2020 466f 7220 n removed. For \n+00032c60: 6561 6368 2073 7563 6820 7061 636b 6167 each such packag\n+00032c70: 650a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 612e 20e2 8098 e.. a. ...\n+00032c80: 6470 6b67 e280 9920 6361 6c6c 733a 0a0a dpkg... calls:..\n+00032c90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2060 `\n+00032ca0: 6469 7361 7070 6561 7265 7227 732d 706f disappearer's-po\n+00032cb0: 7374 726d 2720 6469 7361 7070 6561 7220 strm' disappear \n+00032cc0: 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 \\. \n+00032cd0: 2020 2020 2060 6f76 6572 7772 6974 6572 `overwriter\n+00032ce0: 2720 606f 7665 7277 7269 7465 722d 7665 ' `overwriter-ve\n+00032cf0: 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2062 rsion'.. b\n+00032d00: 2e20 5468 6520 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 . The package...\n+00032d10: 7320 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 s maintainer scr\n+00032d20: 6970 7473 2061 7265 2072 656d 6f76 6564 ipts are removed\n+00032d30: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 632e 2049 7420 ... c. It \n+00032d40: 6973 206e 6f74 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 is noted in the \n+00032d50: 7374 6174 7573 2064 6174 6162 6173 6520 status database \n+00032d60: 6173 2062 6569 6e67 2069 6e20 6120 7361 as being in a sa\n+00032d70: 6e65 2073 7461 7465 2c0a 2020 2020 2020 ne state,. \n+00032d80: 2020 2020 6e61 6d65 6c79 20e2 809c 4e6f namely ...No\n+00032d90: 742d 496e 7374 616c 6c65 64e2 809d 2028 t-Installed... (\n+00032da0: 616e 7920 636f 6e66 6669 6c65 7320 6974 any conffiles it\n+00032db0: 206d 6179 2068 6176 6520 6172 6520 6967 may have are ig\n+00032dc0: 6e6f 7265 642c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 nored,. \n+00032dd0: 2072 6174 6865 7220 7468 616e 2062 6569 rather than bei\n+00032de0: 6e67 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2062 7920 e280 ng removed by ..\n+00032df0: 9864 706b 67e2 8099 292e 2020 4e6f 7465 .dpkg...). Note\n+00032e00: 2074 6861 7420 6469 7361 7070 6561 7269 that disappeari\n+00032e10: 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2070 6163 ng. pac\n+00032e20: 6b61 6765 7320 646f 206e 6f74 2068 6176 kages do not hav\n+00032e30: 6520 7468 6569 7220 7072 6572 6d20 6361 e their prerm ca\n+00032e40: 6c6c 6564 2c20 6265 6361 7573 6520 e280 lled, because ..\n+00032e50: 9864 706b 67e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 2020 .dpkg.... \n+00032e60: 2020 2064 6f65 736e e280 9974 206b 6e6f doesn...t kno\n+00032e70: 7720 696e 2061 6476 616e 6365 2074 6861 w in advance tha\n+00032e80: 7420 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 t the package is\n+00032e90: 2067 6f69 6e67 2074 6f20 7661 6e69 7368 going to vanish\n+00032ea0: 2e0a 0a20 2031 302e 2041 6e79 2066 696c ... 10. Any fil\n+00032eb0: 6573 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 es in the packag\n+00032ec0: 6520 7765 e280 9972 6520 756e 7061 636b e we...re unpack\n+00032ed0: 696e 6720 7468 6174 2061 7265 2061 6c73 ing that are als\n+00032ee0: 6f20 6c69 7374 6564 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 o listed in. \n+00032ef0: 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 6c69 7374 7320 the file lists \n+00032f00: 6f66 206f 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 of other package\n+00032f10: 7320 6172 6520 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 6672 s are removed fr\n+00032f20: 6f6d 2074 686f 7365 206c 6973 7473 2e0a om those lists..\n+00032f30: 2020 2020 2028 5468 6973 2077 696c 6c20 (This will \n+00032f40: 6c6f 626f 746f 6d69 7a65 2074 6865 2066 lobotomize the f\n+00032f50: 696c 6520 6c69 7374 206f 6620 7468 6520 ile list of the \n+00032f60: e280 9c63 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 6e67 e280 ...conflicting..\n+00032f70: 9d20 7061 636b 6167 6520 6966 0a20 2020 . package if. \n+00032f80: 2020 7468 6572 6520 6973 206f 6e65 2e29 there is one.)\n+00032f90: 0a0a 2020 3131 2e20 5468 6520 6261 636b .. 11. The back\n+00032fa0: 7570 2066 696c 6573 206d 6164 6520 6475 up files made du\n+00032fb0: 7269 6e67 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f ring installatio\n+00032fc0: 6e2c 2061 626f 7665 2c20 6172 6520 6465 n, above, are de\n+00032fd0: 6c65 7465 642e 0a0a 2020 3132 2e20 5468 leted... 12. Th\n+00032fe0: 6520 6e65 7720 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 e new package...\n+00032ff0: 7320 7374 6174 7573 2069 7320 6e6f 7720 s status is now \n+00033000: 7361 6e65 2c20 616e 6420 7265 636f 7264 sane, and record\n+00033010: 6564 2061 7320 e280 9c55 6e70 6163 6b65 ed as ...Unpacke\n+00033020: 64e2 809d 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 4865 7265 d...... Here\n+00033030: 2069 7320 616e 6f74 6865 7220 706f 696e is another poin\n+00033040: 7420 6f66 206e 6f20 7265 7475 726e 3a20 t of no return: \n+00033050: 6966 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 if the conflicti\n+00033060: 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 0a20 ng package...s. \n+00033070: 2020 2020 7265 6d6f 7661 6c20 6661 696c removal fail\n+00033080: 7320 7765 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 756e 7769 s we do not unwi\n+00033090: 6e64 2074 6865 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 nd the rest of t\n+000330a0: 6865 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e2e he installation.\n+000330b0: 2020 5468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 666c The. confl\n+000330c0: 6963 7469 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 icting package i\n+000330d0: 7320 6c65 6674 2069 6e20 6120 6861 6c66 s left in a half\n+000330e0: 2d72 656d 6f76 6564 206c 696d 626f 2e0a -removed limbo..\n+000330f0: 0a20 2031 332e 2049 6620 7468 6572 6520 . 13. If there \n+00033100: 7761 7320 6120 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 696e was a conflictin\n+00033110: 6720 7061 636b 6167 6520 7765 2067 6f20 g package we go \n+00033120: 616e 6420 646f 2074 6865 2072 656d 6f76 and do the remov\n+00033130: 616c 0a20 2020 2020 6163 7469 6f6e 7320 al. actions \n+00033140: 2864 6573 6372 6962 6564 2062 656c 6f77 (described below\n+00033150: 292c 2073 7461 7274 696e 6720 7769 7468 ), starting with\n+00033160: 2074 6865 2072 656d 6f76 616c 206f 6620 the removal of \n+00033170: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 the. conflic\n+00033180: 7469 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 ting package...s\n+00033190: 2066 696c 6573 2028 616e 7920 7468 6174 files (any that\n+000331a0: 2061 7265 2061 6c73 6f20 696e 2074 6865 are also in the\n+000331b0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2062 6569 6e67 0a20 package being. \n+000331c0: 2020 2020 756e 7061 636b 6564 2068 6176 unpacked hav\n+000331d0: 6520 616c 7265 6164 7920 6265 656e 2072 e already been r\n+000331e0: 656d 6f76 6564 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 emoved from the \n+000331f0: 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 696e 6720 7061 636b conflicting pack\n+00033200: 6167 65e2 8099 730a 2020 2020 2066 696c age...s. fil\n+00033210: 6520 6c69 7374 2c20 616e 6420 736f 2064 e list, and so d\n+00033220: 6f20 6e6f 7420 6765 7420 7265 6d6f 7665 o not get remove\n+00033230: 6420 6e6f 7729 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d d now)... ----\n+00033240: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 ------ Footnotes\n+00033250: 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 ----------.. \n+00033260: 2831 2920 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 4d61 (1) See *note Ma\n+00033270: 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7420 intainer script \n+00033280: 666c 6f77 6368 6172 7473 3a20 6539 2e20 flowcharts: e9. \n+00033290: 666f 7220 666c 6f77 6368 6172 7473 0a69 for flowcharts.i\n+000332a0: 6c6c 7573 7472 6174 696e 6720 7468 6520 llustrating the \n+000332b0: 7072 6f63 6573 7365 7320 6465 7363 7269 processes descri\n+000332c0: 6265 6420 6865 7265 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 bed here... (2\n+000332d0: 2920 5061 7274 206f 6620 7468 6520 7072 ) Part of the pr\n+000332e0: 6f62 6c65 6d20 6973 2064 7565 2074 6f20 oblem is due to \n+000332f0: 7768 6174 2069 7320 6172 6775 6162 6c79 what is arguably\n+00033300: 2061 2062 7567 2069 6e20 e280 9864 706b a bug in ...dpk\n+00033310: 67e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 g........File: d\n+00033320: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 ebian-policy.inf\n+00033330: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 7461 696c o, Node: Detail\n+00033340: 7320 6f66 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 s of configurati\n+00033350: 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2044 6574 6169 on, Next: Detai\n+00033360: 6c73 206f 6620 7265 6d6f 7661 6c20 616e ls of removal an\n+00033370: 642f 6f72 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 d/or configurati\n+00033380: 6f6e 2070 7572 6769 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 on purging, Pre\n+00033390: 763a 2044 6574 6169 6c73 206f 6620 756e v: Details of un\n+000333a0: 7061 636b 2070 6861 7365 206f 6620 696e pack phase of in\n+000333b0: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 7570 stallation or up\n+000333c0: 6772 6164 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5061 636b grade, Up: Pack\n+000333d0: 6167 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 age maintainer s\n+000333e0: 6372 6970 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 cripts and insta\n+000333f0: 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6f63 6564 7572 llation procedur\n+00033400: 650a 0a36 2e37 2044 6574 6169 6c73 206f e..6.7 Details o\n+00033410: 6620 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a f configuration.\n+00033420: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00033430: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5768 ============..Wh\n+00033440: 656e 2077 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6520 en we configure \n+00033450: 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 2874 6869 7320 a package (this \n+00033460: 6861 7070 656e 7320 7769 7468 20e2 8098 happens with ...\n+00033470: 6470 6b67 202d 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c e280 dpkg --install..\n+00033480: 9920 616e 640a e280 9864 706b 6720 2d2d . and....dpkg --\n+00033490: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 65e2 8099 292c 2077 configure...), w\n+000334a0: 6520 6669 7273 7420 7570 6461 7465 2061 e first update a\n+000334b0: 6e79 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 6669 6c65 e280 ny ...conffile..\n+000334c0: 9973 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6e20 6361 6c6c .s and then call\n+000334d0: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6070 6f73 7469 6e73 :.. `postins\n+000334e0: 7427 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 2060 6d6f t' configure `mo\n+000334f0: 7374 2d72 6563 656e 746c 792d 636f 6e66 st-recently-conf\n+00033500: 6967 7572 6564 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 270a igured-version'.\n+00033510: 0a4e 6f20 6174 7465 6d70 7420 6973 206d .No attempt is m\n+00033520: 6164 6520 746f 2075 6e77 696e 6420 6166 ade to unwind af\n+00033530: 7465 7220 6572 726f 7273 2064 7572 696e ter errors durin\n+00033540: 6720 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2e g configuration.\n+00033550: 2020 4966 2074 6865 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 If the.configu\n+00033560: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 6169 6c73 2c20 7468 ration fails, th\n+00033570: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2069 6e20 e package is in \n+00033580: 6120 e280 9c48 616c 662d 436f 6e66 6967 a ...Half-Config\n+00033590: 7572 6564 e280 9d20 7374 6174 652c 2061 ured... state, a\n+000335a0: 6e64 2061 6e0a 6572 726f 7220 6d65 7373 nd an.error mess\n+000335b0: 6167 6520 6973 2067 656e 6572 6174 6564 age is generated\n+000335c0: 2e0a 0a49 6620 7468 6572 6520 6973 206e ...If there is n\n+000335d0: 6f20 6d6f 7374 2072 6563 656e 746c 7920 o most recently \n+000335e0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2076 6572 7369 configured versi\n+000335f0: 6f6e 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 7769 on ...dpkg... wi\n+00033600: 6c6c 2070 6173 7320 6120 6e75 6c6c 0a61 ll pass a null.a\n+00033610: 7267 756d 656e 742e 2020 2831 290a 0a20 rgument. (1).. \n+00033620: 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f ---------- Foo\n+00033630: 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tnotes ---------\n+00033640: 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 4869 7374 6f72 -.. (1) Histor\n+00033650: 6963 616c 206e 6f74 653a 2054 7275 6c79 ical note: Truly\n+00033660: 2061 6e63 6965 6e74 2028 7072 652d 3139 ancient (pre-19\n+00033670: 3937 2920 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f 6620 97) versions of \n+00033680: e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 0a70 6173 7365 ...dpkg....passe\n+00033690: 6420 e280 983c 756e 6b6e 6f77 6e3e e280 d .....\n+000336a0: 9920 2869 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2074 6865 . (including the\n+000336b0: 2061 6e67 6c65 2062 7261 636b 6574 7329 angle brackets)\n+000336c0: 2069 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6173 652e 2020 in this case. \n+000336d0: 4576 656e 0a6f 6c64 6572 206f 6e65 7320 Even.older ones \n+000336e0: 6469 6420 6e6f 7420 7061 7373 2061 2073 did not pass a s\n+000336f0: 6563 6f6e 6420 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 2061 econd argument a\n+00033700: 7420 616c 6c2c 2075 6e64 6572 2061 6e79 t all, under any\n+00033710: 0a63 6972 6375 6d73 7461 6e63 652e 2020 .circumstance. \n+00033720: 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 7570 6772 6164 Note that upgrad\n+00033730: 6573 2075 7369 6e67 2073 7563 6820 616e es using such an\n+00033740: 206f 6c64 2064 706b 6720 7665 7273 696f old dpkg versio\n+00033750: 6e20 6172 650a 756e 6c69 6b65 6c79 2074 n are.unlikely t\n+00033760: 6f20 776f 726b 2066 6f72 206f 7468 6572 o work for other\n+00033770: 2072 6561 736f 6e73 2c20 6576 656e 2069 reasons, even i\n+00033780: 6620 7468 6973 206f 6c64 2061 7267 756d f this old argum\n+00033790: 656e 7420 6265 6861 7669 6f72 0a69 7320 ent behavior.is \n+000337a0: 6861 6e64 6c65 6420 6279 2079 6f75 7220 handled by your \n+000337b0: 706f 7374 696e 7374 2073 6372 6970 742e postinst script.\n+000337c0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e ....File: debian\n+000337d0: 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e -policy.info, N\n+000337e0: 6f64 653a 2044 6574 6169 6c73 206f 6620 ode: Details of \n+000337f0: 7265 6d6f 7661 6c20 616e 642f 6f72 2063 removal and/or c\n+00033800: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2070 7572 onfiguration pur\n+00033810: 6769 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2044 6574 ging, Prev: Det\n+00033820: 6169 6c73 206f 6620 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ails of configur\n+00033830: 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 5061 636b ation, Up: Pack\n+00033840: 6167 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 age maintainer s\n+00033850: 6372 6970 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 cripts and insta\n+00033860: 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 7072 6f63 6564 7572 llation procedur\n+00033870: 650a 0a36 2e38 2044 6574 6169 6c73 206f e..6.8 Details o\n+00033880: 6620 7265 6d6f 7661 6c20 616e 642f 6f72 f removal and/or\n+00033890: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2070 configuration p\n+000338a0: 7572 6769 6e67 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d urging.=========\n+000338b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000338c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000338d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 2020 312e ==========.. 1.\n+000338e0: 2020 2020 2020 6070 7265 726d 2720 7265 `prerm' re\n+000338f0: 6d6f 7665 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7072 move.. If pr\n+00033900: 6572 6d20 6661 696c 7320 6475 7269 6e67 erm fails during\n+00033910: 2072 6570 6c61 6365 6d65 6e74 2064 7565 replacement due\n+00033920: 2074 6f20 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 0a0a 2020 to conflict.. \n+00033930: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6063 6f6e 666c 6963 `conflic\n+00033940: 746f 7227 732d 706f 7374 696e 7374 2720 tor's-postinst' \n+00033950: 6162 6f72 742d 7265 6d6f 7665 205c 0a20 abort-remove \\. \n+00033960: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6e2d in-\n+00033970: 6661 766f 7572 2060 7061 636b 6167 6527 favour `package'\n+00033980: 2060 6e65 772d 7665 7273 696f 6e27 0a0a `new-version'..\n+00033990: 2020 2020 204f 7220 656c 7365 2077 6520 Or else we \n+000339a0: 6361 6c6c 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 call:.. \n+000339b0: 2060 706f 7374 696e 7374 2720 6162 6f72 `postinst' abor\n+000339c0: 742d 7265 6d6f 7665 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 t-remove.. I\n+000339d0: 6620 7468 6973 2066 6169 6c73 2c20 7468 f this fails, th\n+000339e0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2069 6e20 e package is in \n+000339f0: 6120 e280 9c48 616c 662d 436f 6e66 6967 a ...Half-Config\n+00033a00: 7572 6564 e280 9d20 7374 6174 652c 206f ured... state, o\n+00033a10: 7220 656c 7365 0a20 2020 2020 6974 2072 r else. it r\n+00033a20: 656d 6169 6e73 20e2 809c 496e 7374 616c emains ...Instal\n+00033a30: 6c65 64e2 809d 2e0a 0a20 2032 2e20 5468 led...... 2. Th\n+00033a40: 6520 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 7320 6669 e package...s fi\n+00033a50: 6c65 7320 6172 6520 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 les are removed \n+00033a60: 2865 7863 6570 7420 e280 9863 6f6e 6666 (except ...conff\n+00033a70: 696c 65e2 8099 7329 2e0a 0a20 2033 2e20 ile...s)... 3. \n+00033a80: 2020 2020 2060 706f 7374 726d 2720 7265 `postrm' re\n+00033a90: 6d6f 7665 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 6974 move.. If it\n+00033aa0: 2066 6169 6c73 2c20 7468 6572 65e2 8099 fails, there...\n+00033ab0: 7320 6e6f 2065 7272 6f72 2075 6e77 696e s no error unwin\n+00033ac0: 642c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 d, and the packa\n+00033ad0: 6765 2069 7320 696e 2061 6e0a 2020 2020 ge is in an. \n+00033ae0: 20e2 809c 4861 6c66 2d49 6e73 7461 6c6c ...Half-Install\n+00033af0: 6564 e280 9d20 7374 6174 652e 0a0a 2020 ed... state... \n+00033b00: 342e 2041 6c6c 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e74 4. All the maint\n+00033b10: 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 6578 ainer scripts ex\n+00033b20: 6365 7074 2074 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 cept the ...post\n+00033b30: 726d e280 9920 6172 6520 7265 6d6f 7665 rm... are remove\n+00033b40: 642e 0a0a 2020 2020 2049 6620 7765 2061 d... If we a\n+00033b50: 7265 6ee2 8099 7420 7075 7267 696e 6720 ren...t purging \n+00033b60: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 7765 2073 the package we s\n+00033b70: 746f 7020 6865 7265 2e20 204e 6f74 6520 top here. Note \n+00033b80: 7468 6174 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 2020 that packages. \n+00033b90: 2020 2077 6869 6368 2068 6176 6520 6e6f which have no\n+00033ba0: 20e2 8098 706f 7374 726d e280 9920 616e ...postrm... an\n+00033bb0: 6420 6e6f 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 6669 6c65 d no ...conffile\n+00033bc0: e280 9973 2061 7265 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 ...s are automat\n+00033bd0: 6963 616c 6c79 2070 7572 6765 640a 2020 ically purged. \n+00033be0: 2020 2077 6865 6e20 7265 6d6f 7665 642c when removed,\n+00033bf0: 2061 7320 7468 6572 6520 6973 206e 6f20 as there is no \n+00033c00: 6469 6666 6572 656e 6365 2065 7863 6570 difference excep\n+00033c10: 7420 666f 7220 7468 6520 e280 9864 706b t for the ...dpk\n+00033c20: 67e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 7374 6174 7573 g.... status\n+00033c30: 2e0a 0a20 2035 2e20 5468 6520 e280 9863 ... 5. The ...c\n+00033c40: 6f6e 6666 696c 65e2 8099 7320 616e 6420 onffile...s and \n+00033c50: 616e 7920 6261 636b 7570 2066 696c 6573 any backup files\n+00033c60: 2028 e280 987e e280 992d 6669 6c65 732c (...~...-files,\n+00033c70: 20e2 8098 232a 23e2 8099 2066 696c 6573 ...#*#... files\n+00033c80: 2c0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 25e2 8099 2d66 ,. ...%...-f\n+00033c90: 696c 6573 2c20 e280 982e 6470 6b67 2d7b iles, ....dpkg-{\n+00033ca0: 6f6c 642c 6e65 772c 746d 707d e280 992c old,new,tmp}...,\n+00033cb0: 2065 7463 2e29 2020 6172 6520 7265 6d6f etc.) are remo\n+00033cc0: 7665 642e 0a0a 2020 362e 2020 2020 2020 ved... 6. \n+00033cd0: 6070 6f73 7472 6d27 2070 7572 6765 0a0a `postrm' purge..\n+00033ce0: 2020 2020 2049 6620 7468 6973 2066 6169 If this fai\n+00033cf0: 6c73 2c20 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 ls, the package \n+00033d00: 7265 6d61 696e 7320 696e 2061 20e2 809c remains in a ...\n+00033d10: 436f 6e66 6967 2d46 696c 6573 e280 9d20 Config-Files... \n+00033d20: 7374 6174 652e 0a0a 2020 372e 2054 6865 state... 7. The\n+00033d30: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 2066 696c package...s fil\n+00033d40: 6520 6c69 7374 2069 7320 7265 6d6f 7665 e list is remove\n+00033d50: 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 d.....File: debi\n+00033d60: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n+00033d70: 204e 6f64 653a 2044 6563 6c61 7269 6e67 Node: Declaring\n+00033d80: 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7073 2062 relationships b\n+00033d90: 6574 7765 656e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c etween packages,\n+00033da0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5368 6172 6564 206c Next: Shared l\n+00033db0: 6962 7261 7269 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a ibraries, Prev:\n+00033dc0: 2050 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 6e74 6169 Package maintai\n+00033dd0: 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 616e 6420 ner scripts and \n+00033de0: 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2070 726f installation pro\n+00033df0: 6365 6475 7265 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 cedure, Up: Top\n+00033e00: 0a0a 3720 4465 636c 6172 696e 6720 7265 ..7 Declaring re\n+00033e10: 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 6265 7477 lationships betw\n+00033e20: 6565 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a2a 2a2a een packages.***\n+00033e30: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+00033e40: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+00033e50: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a *******..* Menu:\n+00033e60: 0a0a 2a20 5379 6e74 6178 206f 6620 7265 ..* Syntax of re\n+00033e70: 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 2066 6965 6c64 lationship field\n+00033e80: 733a 3a0a 2a20 4269 6e61 7279 2044 6570 s::.* Binary Dep\n+00033e90: 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 2d20 4465 7065 endencies - 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Prov\n+00033f90: 6964 6573 3a3a 0a2a 204f 7665 7277 7269 ides::.* Overwri\n+00033fa0: 7469 6e67 2066 696c 6573 2061 6e64 2072 ting files and r\n+00033fb0: 6570 6c61 6369 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 eplacing package\n+00033fc0: 7320 2d20 5265 706c 6163 6573 3a3a 0a2a s - Replaces::.*\n+00033fd0: 2052 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7073 2062 Relationships b\n+00033fe0: 6574 7765 656e 2073 6f75 7263 6520 616e etween source an\n+00033ff0: 6420 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 d binary package\n+00034000: 7320 2d20 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 s - Build-Depend\n+00034010: 732c 2042 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 s, Build-Depends\n+00034020: 2d49 6e64 6570 2c20 4275 696c 642d 4465 -Indep, Build-De\n+00034030: 7065 6e64 732d 4172 6368 2c20 4275 696c pends-Arch, Buil\n+00034040: 642d 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 732c 2042 7569 d-Conflicts, Bui\n+00034050: 6c64 2d43 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2d49 6e64 ld-Conflicts-Ind\n+00034060: 6570 2c20 4275 696c 642d 436f 6e66 6c69 ep, Build-Confli\n+00034070: 6374 732d 4172 6368 3a20 5265 6c61 7469 cts-Arch: Relati\n+00034080: 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 onships between \n+00034090: 736f 7572 6365 2061 6e64 2062 696e 6172 source and binar\n+000340a0: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d 2042 7569 y packages - 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They are a li\n+000342a0: 7374 206f 6620 7061 636b 6167 650a 6e61 st of package.na\n+000342b0: 6d65 7320 7365 7061 7261 7465 6420 6279 mes separated by\n+000342c0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 732e 0a0a 496e 2074 6865 commas...In the\n+000342d0: 20e2 8098 4465 7065 6e64 73e2 8099 2c20 ...Depends..., \n+000342e0: e280 9852 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 73e2 8099 ...Recommends...\n+000342f0: 2c20 e280 9853 7567 6765 7374 73e2 8099 , ...Suggests...\n+00034300: 2c20 e280 9850 7265 2d44 6570 656e 6473 , ...Pre-Depends\n+00034310: e280 992c 0ae2 8098 4275 696c 642d 4465 ...,....Build-De\n+00034320: 7065 6e64 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 9842 7569 pends..., ...Bui\n+00034330: 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 2d49 6e64 6570 ld-Depends-Indep\n+00034340: e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9842 7569 6c64 ... and ...Build\n+00034350: 2d44 6570 656e 6473 2d41 7263 68e2 8099 -Depends-Arch...\n+00034360: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 0a66 6965 6c64 7320 control.fields \n+00034370: 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 of the package, \n+00034380: 7768 6963 6820 6465 636c 6172 6520 6465 which declare de\n+00034390: 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 206f 6e20 6f74 pendencies on ot\n+000343a0: 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 7468 her packages, th\n+000343b0: 650a 7061 636b 6167 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 e.package names \n+000343c0: 6c69 7374 6564 206d 6179 2061 6c73 6f20 listed may also \n+000343d0: 696e 636c 7564 6520 6c69 7374 7320 6f66 include lists of\n+000343e0: 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 2070 6163 alternative pac\n+000343f0: 6b61 6765 0a6e 616d 6573 2c20 7365 7061 kage.names, sepa\n+00034400: 7261 7465 6420 6279 2076 6572 7469 6361 rated by vertica\n+00034410: 6c20 6261 7220 2870 6970 6529 2073 796d l bar (pipe) sym\n+00034420: 626f 6c73 20e2 8098 7ce2 8099 2e20 2049 bols ...|.... 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This means \n+000352e0: 7468 6174 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 that architectur\n+000352f0: 650a 7265 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e73 206d e.restrictions m\n+00035300: 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 6265 2075 7365 6420 ust not be used \n+00035310: 696e 2062 696e 6172 7920 7265 6c61 7469 in binary relati\n+00035320: 6f6e 7368 6970 2066 6965 6c64 7320 666f onship fields fo\n+00035330: 720a 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 2d69 r.architecture-i\n+00035340: 6e64 6570 656e 6465 6e74 2070 6163 6b61 ndependent packa\n+00035350: 6765 7320 28e2 8098 4172 6368 6974 6563 ges (...Architec\n+00035360: 7475 7265 3a20 616c 6ce2 8099 292e 0a0a ture: all...)...\n+00035370: 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 653a 0a0a 2020 For example:.. \n+00035380: 2020 2044 6570 656e 6473 3a20 666f 6f20 Depends: foo \n+00035390: 5b69 3338 365d 2c20 6261 7220 5b61 6d64 [i386], bar [amd\n+000353a0: 3634 5d0a 0a62 6563 6f6d 6573 20e2 8098 64]..becomes ...\n+000353b0: 4465 7065 6e64 733a 2066 6f6f e280 9920 Depends: foo... \n+000353c0: 7768 656e 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 when the package\n+000353d0: 2069 7320 6275 696c 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 is built on the\n+000353e0: 20e2 8098 6933 3836 e280 990a 6172 6368 ...i386....arch\n+000353f0: 6974 6563 7475 7265 2c20 e280 9844 6570 itecture, ...Dep\n+00035400: 656e 6473 3a20 6261 72e2 8099 2077 6865 ends: bar... whe\n+00035410: 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 n the package is\n+00035420: 2062 7569 6c74 206f 6e20 7468 6520 e280 built on the ..\n+00035430: 9861 6d64 3634 e280 990a 6172 6368 6974 .amd64....archit\n+00035440: 6563 7475 7265 2c20 616e 6420 6f6d 6974 ecture, and omit\n+00035450: 7465 6420 656e 7469 7265 6c79 2069 6e20 ted entirely in \n+00035460: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 binary packages \n+00035470: 6275 696c 7420 6f6e 2061 6c6c 206f 7468 built on all oth\n+00035480: 6572 0a61 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 er.architectures\n+00035490: 2e0a 0a49 6620 7468 6520 6172 6368 6974 ...If the archit\n+000354a0: 6563 7475 7265 2d72 6573 7472 6963 7465 ecture-restricte\n+000354b0: 6420 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 2069 7320 d dependency is \n+000354c0: 7061 7274 206f 6620 6120 7365 7420 6f66 part of a set of\n+000354d0: 0a61 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 7320 7573 .alternatives us\n+000354e0: 696e 6720 e280 987c e280 992c 2074 6861 ing ...|..., tha\n+000354f0: 7420 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 6520 6973 t alternative is\n+00035500: 2069 676e 6f72 6564 2063 6f6d 706c 6574 ignored complet\n+00035510: 656c 7920 6f6e 0a61 7263 6869 7465 6374 ely on.architect\n+00035520: 7572 6573 2074 6861 7420 646f 206e 6f74 ures that do not\n+00035530: 206d 6174 6368 2074 6865 2072 6573 7472 match the restr\n+00035540: 6963 7469 6f6e 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 7861 iction. For exa\n+00035550: 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 4275 696c mple:.. Buil\n+00035560: 642d 4465 7065 6e64 733a 2066 6f6f 205b d-Depends: foo [\n+00035570: 2169 3338 365d 207c 2062 6172 205b 2161 !i386] | bar [!a\n+00035580: 6d64 3634 5d0a 0a69 7320 6571 7569 7661 md64]..is equiva\n+00035590: 6c65 6e74 2074 6f20 e280 9862 6172 e280 lent to ...bar..\n+000355a0: 9920 6f6e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6933 3836 . on the ...i386\n+000355b0: e280 9920 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 ... architecture\n+000355c0: 2c20 746f 20e2 8098 666f 6fe2 8099 206f , to ...foo... o\n+000355d0: 6e20 7468 650a e280 9861 6d64 3634 e280 n the....amd64..\n+000355e0: 9920 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 2c20 . architecture, \n+000355f0: 616e 6420 746f 20e2 8098 666f 6f20 7c20 and to ...foo | \n+00035600: 6261 72e2 8099 206f 6e20 616c 6c20 6f74 bar... on all ot\n+00035610: 6865 7220 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 her architecture\n+00035620: 732e 0a0a 5265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 s...Relationship\n+00035630: 7320 6d61 7920 616c 736f 2062 6520 7265 s may also be re\n+00035640: 7374 7269 6374 6564 2074 6f20 6120 6365 stricted to a ce\n+00035650: 7274 6169 6e20 7365 7420 6f66 2061 7263 rtain set of arc\n+00035660: 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 0a75 7369 6e67 hitectures.using\n+00035670: 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6520 7769 architecture wi\n+00035680: 6c64 6361 7264 7320 696e 2074 6865 2066 ldcards in the f\n+00035690: 6f72 6d61 7420 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 ormat described \n+000356a0: 696e 202a 6e6f 7465 0a41 7263 6869 7465 in *note.Archite\n+000356b0: 6374 7572 6520 7769 6c64 6361 7264 733a cture wildcards:\n+000356c0: 2062 342e 2020 5468 6520 7379 6e74 6178 b4. The syntax\n+000356d0: 2066 6f72 2064 6563 6c61 7269 6e67 2073 for declaring s\n+000356e0: 7563 6820 7265 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e73 uch restrictions\n+000356f0: 0a69 7320 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 .is the same as \n+00035700: 6465 636c 6172 696e 6720 7265 7374 7269 declaring restri\n+00035710: 6374 696f 6e73 2075 7369 6e67 2061 2063 ctions using a c\n+00035720: 6572 7461 696e 2073 6574 206f 660a 6172 ertain set of.ar\n+00035730: 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 7320 7769 7468 chitectures with\n+00035740: 6f75 7420 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 out architecture\n+00035750: 2077 696c 6463 6172 6473 2e20 2046 6f72 wildcards. For\n+00035760: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 example:.. \n+00035770: 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 733a 2066 Build-Depends: f\n+00035780: 6f6f 205b 6c69 6e75 782d 616e 795d 2c20 oo [linux-any], \n+00035790: 6261 7220 5b61 6e79 2d69 3338 365d 2c20 bar [any-i386], \n+000357a0: 6261 7a20 5b21 6c69 6e75 782d 616e 795d baz [!linux-any]\n+000357b0: 0a0a 6973 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e 7420 ..is equivalent \n+000357c0: 746f 20e2 8098 666f 6fe2 8099 206f 6e20 to ...foo... on \n+000357d0: 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 7320 7573 architectures us\n+000357e0: 696e 6720 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 6b65 ing the Linux ke\n+000357f0: 726e 656c 2061 6e64 2061 6e79 0a63 7075 rnel and any.cpu\n+00035800: 2c20 e280 9862 6172 e280 9920 6f6e 2061 , ...bar... on a\n+00035810: 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 2075 7369 rchitectures usi\n+00035820: 6e67 2061 6e79 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 616e ng any kernel an\n+00035830: 6420 616e 2069 3338 3620 6370 752c 2061 d an i386 cpu, a\n+00035840: 6e64 20e2 8098 6261 7ae2 8099 0a6f 6e20 nd ...baz....on \n+00035850: 616e 7920 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 any architecture\n+00035860: 2075 7369 6e67 2061 206b 6572 6e65 6c20 using a kernel \n+00035870: 6f74 6865 7220 7468 616e 204c 696e 7578 other than Linux\n+00035880: 2e0a 0a4e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2074 6865 ...Note that the\n+00035890: 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 binary package \n+000358a0: 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 2066 6965 relationship fie\n+000358b0: 6c64 7320 7375 6368 2061 7320 e280 9844 lds such as ...D\n+000358c0: 6570 656e 6473 e280 990a 6170 7065 6172 epends....appear\n+000358d0: 2069 6e20 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2062 in one of the b\n+000358e0: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 7374 inary package st\n+000358f0: 616e 7a61 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2074 656d anzas of the tem\n+00035900: 706c 6174 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c0a 6669 plate control.fi\n+00035910: 6c65 2c20 7768 6572 6561 7320 7468 6520 le, whereas the \n+00035920: 6275 696c 642d 7469 6d65 2072 656c 6174 build-time relat\n+00035930: 696f 6e73 6869 7073 2073 7563 6820 6173 ionships such as\n+00035940: 20e2 8098 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 ...Build-Depend\n+00035950: 73e2 8099 0a61 7070 6561 7220 696e 2074 s....appear in t\n+00035960: 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 he source packag\n+00035970: 6520 7374 616e 7a61 206f 6620 7468 6520 e stanza of the \n+00035980: 7465 6d70 6c61 7465 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c template control\n+00035990: 2066 696c 6520 2877 6869 6368 0a69 7320 file (which.is \n+000359a0: 7468 6520 6669 7273 7420 7365 6374 696f the first sectio\n+000359b0: 6e29 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d n)... --------\n+000359c0: 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d -- Footnotes ---\n+000359d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 -------.. (1) \n+000359e0: 5468 6520 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7320 e280 The relations ..\n+000359f0: 983c e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 983e e280 .<... and ...>..\n+00035a00: 9920 7765 7265 2070 7265 7669 6f75 736c . were previousl\n+00035a10: 7920 616c 6c6f 7765 642c 2062 7574 2074 y allowed, but t\n+00035a20: 6865 7920 7765 7265 0a63 6f6e 6675 7369 hey were.confusi\n+00035a30: 6e67 6c79 2064 6566 696e 6564 2074 6f20 ngly defined to \n+00035a40: 6d65 616e 2065 6172 6c69 6572 2f6c 6174 mean earlier/lat\n+00035a50: 6572 206f 7220 6571 7561 6c20 7261 7468 er or equal rath\n+00035a60: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7374 7269 6374 6c79 er than strictly\n+00035a70: 0a65 6172 6c69 6572 2f6c 6174 6572 2e20 .earlier/later. \n+00035a80: 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 7374 696c ...dpkg... stil\n+00035a90: 6c20 7375 7070 6f72 7473 2074 6865 6d20 l supports them \n+00035aa0: 7769 7468 2061 2077 6172 6e69 6e67 2c20 with a warning, \n+00035ab0: 6275 7420 7468 6579 2061 7265 0a6e 6f20 but they are.no \n+00035ac0: 6c6f 6e67 6572 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 longer allowed b\n+00035ad0: 7920 4465 6269 616e 2050 6f6c 6963 792e y Debian Policy.\n+00035ae0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e ....File: debian\n+00035af0: 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e -policy.info, N\n+00035b00: 6f64 653a 2042 696e 6172 7920 4465 7065 ode: Binary Depe\n+00035b10: 6e64 656e 6369 6573 202d 2044 6570 656e ndencies - Depen\n+00035b20: 6473 2052 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 7320 5375 ds Recommends Su\n+00035b30: 6767 6573 7473 2045 6e68 616e 6365 7320 ggests Enhances \n+00035b40: 5072 652d 4465 7065 6e64 732c 2020 4e65 Pre-Depends, Ne\n+00035b50: 7874 3a20 5061 636b 6167 6573 2077 6869 xt: Packages whi\n+00035b60: 6368 2062 7265 616b 206f 7468 6572 2070 ch break other p\n+00035b70: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 4272 6561 6b73 ackages - Breaks\n+00035b80: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2053 796e 7461 7820 , Prev: Syntax \n+00035b90: 6f66 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7020 of relationship \n+00035ba0: 6669 656c 6473 2c20 2055 703a 2044 6563 fields, Up: Dec\n+00035bb0: 6c61 7269 6e67 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 laring relations\n+00035bc0: 6869 7073 2062 6574 7765 656e 2070 6163 hips between pac\n+00035bd0: 6b61 6765 730a 0a37 2e32 2042 696e 6172 kages..7.2 Binar\n+00035be0: 7920 4465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 202d y Dependencies -\n+00035bf0: 20e2 8098 4465 7065 6e64 73e2 8099 2c20 ...Depends..., \n+00035c00: e280 9852 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 73e2 8099 ...Recommends...\n+00035c10: 2c20 e280 9853 7567 6765 7374 73e2 8099 , ...Suggests...\n+00035c20: 2c20 e280 9845 6e68 616e 6365 73e2 8099 , ...Enhances...\n+00035c30: 2c20 e280 9850 7265 2d44 6570 656e 6473 , ...Pre-Depends\n+00035c40: e280 990a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ....============\n+00035c50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00035c60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00035c70: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00035c80: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00035c90: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5061 ============..Pa\n+00035ca0: 636b 6167 6573 2063 616e 2064 6563 6c61 ckages can decla\n+00035cb0: 7265 2069 6e20 7468 6569 7220 636f 6e74 re in their cont\n+00035cc0: 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 2074 6861 7420 7468 rol file that th\n+00035cd0: 6579 2068 6176 6520 6365 7274 6169 6e0a ey have certain.\n+00035ce0: 7265 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 746f relationships to\n+00035cf0: 206f 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 other packages \n+00035d00: 2d20 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2074 - for example, t\n+00035d10: 6861 7420 7468 6579 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 hat they cannot \n+00035d20: 6265 0a69 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2061 7420 be.installed at \n+00035d30: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2074 696d 6520 6173 the same time as\n+00035d40: 2063 6572 7461 696e 206f 7468 6572 2070 certain other p\n+00035d50: 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2061 6e64 2f6f 7220 ackages, and/or \n+00035d60: 7468 6174 2074 6865 790a 6465 7065 6e64 that they.depend\n+00035d70: 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7072 6573 656e 6365 on the presence\n+00035d80: 206f 6620 6f74 6865 7273 2e0a 0a54 6869 of others...Thi\n+00035d90: 7320 6973 2064 6f6e 6520 7573 696e 6720 s is done using \n+00035da0: 7468 6520 e280 9844 6570 656e 6473 e280 the ...Depends..\n+00035db0: 992c 20e2 8098 5072 652d 4465 7065 6e64 ., ...Pre-Depend\n+00035dc0: 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 9852 6563 6f6d 6d65 s..., ...Recomme\n+00035dd0: 6e64 73e2 8099 2c0a e280 9853 7567 6765 nds...,....Sugge\n+00035de0: 7374 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 9845 6e68 616e sts..., ...Enhan\n+00035df0: 6365 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 9842 7265 616b ces..., ...Break\n+00035e00: 73e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 436f 6e66 s... and ...Conf\n+00035e10: 6c69 6374 73e2 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c licts... control\n+00035e20: 2066 6965 6c64 732e 0ae2 8098 4272 6561 fields.....Brea\n+00035e30: 6b73 e280 9920 6973 2064 6573 6372 6962 ks... is describ\n+00035e40: 6564 2069 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 5061 636b ed in *note Pack\n+00035e50: 6167 6573 2077 6869 6368 2062 7265 616b ages which break\n+00035e60: 206f 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 other packages \n+00035e70: 2d0a 4272 6561 6b73 3a20 6633 2c20 616e -.Breaks: f3, an\n+00035e80: 6420 e280 9843 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 e280 d ...Conflicts..\n+00035e90: 9920 6973 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 2069 . is described i\n+00035ea0: 6e20 2a6e 6f74 6520 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 n *note Conflict\n+00035eb0: 696e 6720 6269 6e61 7279 0a70 6163 6b61 ing binary.packa\n+00035ec0: 6765 7320 2d20 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 733a ges - Conflicts:\n+00035ed0: 2066 342e 2020 5468 6520 7265 7374 2061 f4. 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It wil\n+000375c0: 6c20 6265 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 l be considered \n+000375d0: 7361 7469 7366 6965 6420 6f6e 6c79 2069 satisfied only i\n+000375e0: 6620 7468 6520 6465 7065 6e64 6564 2d6f f the depended-o\n+000375f0: 6e0a 2020 2020 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 n. package h\n+00037600: 6173 2062 6565 6e20 636f 7272 6563 746c as been correctl\n+00037610: 7920 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2e20 2048 y configured. H\n+00037620: 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 756e 6c69 6b65 2077 owever, unlike w\n+00037630: 6974 680a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 4465 7065 ith. ...Depe\n+00037640: 6e64 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 9850 7265 2d44 nds..., ...Pre-D\n+00037650: 6570 656e 6473 e280 9920 646f 6573 206e epends... does n\n+00037660: 6f74 2070 6572 6d69 7420 6369 7263 756c ot permit circul\n+00037670: 6172 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 ar dependencies \n+00037680: 746f 0a20 2020 2020 6265 2062 726f 6b65 to. be broke\n+00037690: 6e2e 2020 4966 2061 2063 6972 6375 6c61 n. 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See *note\n+00037960: 0a20 2020 2020 4465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 . Dependenci\n+00037970: 6573 3a20 3533 2e0a 0a57 6865 6e20 7365 es: 53...When se\n+00037980: 6c65 6374 696e 6720 7768 6963 6820 6c65 lecting which le\n+00037990: 7665 6c20 6f66 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 vel of dependenc\n+000379a0: 7920 746f 2075 7365 2079 6f75 2073 686f y to use you sho\n+000379b0: 756c 6420 636f 6e73 6964 6572 2068 6f77 uld consider how\n+000379c0: 0a69 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 2074 6865 2064 .important the d\n+000379d0: 6570 656e 6465 642d 6f6e 2070 6163 6b61 epended-on packa\n+000379e0: 6765 2069 7320 746f 2074 6865 2066 756e ge is to the fun\n+000379f0: 6374 696f 6e61 6c69 7479 206f 6620 7468 ctionality of th\n+00037a00: 6520 6f6e 650a 6465 636c 6172 696e 6720 e one.declaring \n+00037a10: 7468 6520 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 2e20 the dependency. \n+00037a20: 2053 6f6d 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 Some packages a\n+00037a30: 7265 2063 6f6d 706f 7365 6420 6f66 2063 re composed of c\n+00037a40: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 7320 6f66 0a76 6172 omponents of.var\n+00037a50: 7969 6e67 2064 6567 7265 6573 206f 6620 ying degrees of \n+00037a60: 696d 706f 7274 616e 6365 2e20 2053 7563 importance. Suc\n+00037a70: 6820 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 7368 6f75 h a package shou\n+00037a80: 6c64 206c 6973 7420 7573 696e 670a e280 ld list using...\n+00037a90: 9844 6570 656e 6473 e280 9920 7468 6520 .Depends... the \n+00037aa0: 7061 636b 6167 6528 7329 2077 6869 6368 package(s) which\n+00037ab0: 2061 7265 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 6279 are required by\n+00037ac0: 2074 6865 206d 6f72 6520 696d 706f 7274 the more import\n+00037ad0: 616e 740a 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 2e20 ant.components. \n+00037ae0: 2054 6865 206f 7468 6572 2063 6f6d 706f The other compo\n+00037af0: 6e65 6e74 73e2 8099 2072 6571 7569 7265 nents... require\n+00037b00: 6d65 6e74 7320 6d61 7920 6265 206d 656e ments may be men\n+00037b10: 7469 6f6e 6564 2061 730a 5375 6767 6573 tioned as.Sugges\n+00037b20: 7469 6f6e 7320 6f72 2052 6563 6f6d 6d65 tions or Recomme\n+00037b30: 6e64 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 6173 2061 7070 ndations, as app\n+00037b40: 726f 7072 6961 7465 2074 6f20 7468 6520 ropriate to the \n+00037b50: 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e 7473 e280 990a 7265 components....re\n+00037b60: 6c61 7469 7665 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e63 lative importanc\n+00037b70: 652e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d e... ---------\n+00037b80: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n+00037b90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 ------.. (1) T\n+00037ba0: 6869 7320 6170 7072 6f61 6368 206d 616b his approach mak\n+00037bb0: 6573 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 7265 es dependency re\n+00037bc0: 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 2065 6173 6965 722e solution easier.\n+00037bd0: 2020 4966 2074 776f 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 If two.package\n+00037be0: 7320 4120 616e 6420 4220 6172 6520 6265 s A and B are be\n+00037bf0: 696e 6720 7570 6772 6164 6564 2c20 7468 ing upgraded, th\n+00037c00: 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 7061 636b e installed pack\n+00037c10: 6167 6520 4120 6465 7065 6e64 7320 6f6e age A depends on\n+00037c20: 0a65 7861 6374 6c79 2074 6865 2069 6e73 .exactly the ins\n+00037c30: 7461 6c6c 6564 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2042 talled package B\n+00037c40: 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 6e65 7720 7061 , and the new pa\n+00037c50: 636b 6167 6520 4120 6465 7065 6e64 7320 ckage A depends \n+00037c60: 6f6e 0a65 7861 6374 6c79 2074 6865 206e on.exactly the n\n+00037c70: 6577 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2042 2028 6120 ew package B (a \n+00037c80: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e common situation\n+00037c90: 2077 6865 6e20 7570 6772 6164 696e 6720 when upgrading \n+00037ca0: 7368 6172 6564 0a6c 6962 7261 7269 6573 shared.libraries\n+00037cb0: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6972 2063 6f72 7265 and their corre\n+00037cc0: 7370 6f6e 6469 6e67 2064 6576 656c 6f70 sponding develop\n+00037cd0: 6d65 6e74 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7329 2c20 ment packages), \n+00037ce0: 7361 7469 7366 7969 6e67 2074 6865 0a64 satisfying the.d\n+00037cf0: 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6174 2065 ependencies at e\n+00037d00: 7665 7279 2073 7461 6765 206f 6620 7468 very stage of th\n+00037d10: 6520 7570 6772 6164 6520 776f 756c 6420 e upgrade would \n+00037d20: 6265 2069 6d70 6f73 7369 626c 652e 2020 be impossible. \n+00037d30: 5468 6973 0a72 656c 6178 6564 2072 6573 This.relaxed res\n+00037d40: 7472 6963 7469 6f6e 206d 6561 6e73 2074 triction means t\n+00037d50: 6861 7420 626f 7468 206e 6577 2070 6163 hat both new pac\n+00037d60: 6b61 6765 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2075 6e70 kages can be unp\n+00037d70: 6163 6b65 640a 746f 6765 7468 6572 2061 acked.together a\n+00037d80: 6e64 2074 6865 6e20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 nd then configur\n+00037d90: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6569 7220 6465 7065 ed in their depe\n+00037da0: 6e64 656e 6379 206f 7264 6572 2e0a 0a1f ndency order....\n+00037db0: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n+00037dc0: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n+00037dd0: 3a20 5061 636b 6167 6573 2077 6869 6368 : Packages which\n+00037de0: 2062 7265 616b 206f 7468 6572 2070 6163 break other pac\n+00037df0: 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 4272 6561 6b73 2c20 kages - Breaks, \n+00037e00: 204e 6578 743a 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 Next: Conflicti\n+00037e10: 6e67 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 ng binary packag\n+00037e20: 6573 202d 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2c20 es - Conflicts, \n+00037e30: 2050 7265 763a 2042 696e 6172 7920 4465 Prev: Binary De\n+00037e40: 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 202d 2044 6570 pendencies - Dep\n+00037e50: 656e 6473 2052 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 7320 ends Recommends \n+00037e60: 5375 6767 6573 7473 2045 6e68 616e 6365 Suggests Enhance\n+00037e70: 7320 5072 652d 4465 7065 6e64 732c 2020 s Pre-Depends, \n+00037e80: 5570 3a20 4465 636c 6172 696e 6720 7265 Up: Declaring re\n+00037e90: 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 6265 7477 lationships betw\n+00037ea0: 6565 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 372e een packages..7.\n+00037eb0: 3320 5061 636b 6167 6573 2077 6869 6368 3 Packages which\n+00037ec0: 2062 7265 616b 206f 7468 6572 2070 6163 break other pac\n+00037ed0: 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 e280 9842 7265 616b kages - ...Break\n+00037ee0: 73e2 8099 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d s....===========\n+00037ef0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00037f00: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00037f10: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a57 6865 6e20 6f6e =======..When on\n+00037f20: 6520 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e binary package\n+00037f30: 2064 6563 6c61 7265 7320 7468 6174 2069 declares that i\n+00037f40: 7420 6272 6561 6b73 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 t breaks another\n+00037f50: 2c20 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2077 696c , ...dpkg... wil\n+00037f60: 6c0a 7265 6675 7365 2074 6f20 616c 6c6f l.refuse to allo\n+00037f70: 7720 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 7768 w the package wh\n+00037f80: 6963 6820 6465 636c 6172 6573 20e2 8098 ich declares ...\n+00037f90: 4272 6561 6b73 e280 9920 746f 2062 6520 Breaks... to be \n+00037fa0: 756e 7061 636b 6564 0a75 6e6c 6573 7320 unpacked.unless \n+00037fb0: 7468 6520 6272 6f6b 656e 2070 6163 6b61 the broken packa\n+00037fc0: 6765 2069 7320 6465 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ge is deconfigur\n+00037fd0: 6564 2066 6972 7374 2c20 616e 6420 6974 ed first, and it\n+00037fe0: 2077 696c 6c20 7265 6675 7365 2074 6f0a will refuse to.\n+00037ff0: 616c 6c6f 7720 7468 6520 6272 6f6b 656e allow the broken\n+00038000: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6f20 6265 2072 package to be r\n+00038010: 6563 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 642e 0a0a 4120 econfigured...A \n+00038020: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 package will not\n+00038030: 2062 6520 7265 6761 7264 6564 2061 7320 be regarded as \n+00038040: 6361 7573 696e 6720 6272 6561 6b61 6765 causing breakage\n+00038050: 206d 6572 656c 7920 6265 6361 7573 6520 merely because \n+00038060: 6974 730a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f its.configuratio\n+00038070: 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 6172 6520 7374 696c n files are stil\n+00038080: 6c20 696e 7374 616c 6c65 643b 2069 7420 l installed; it \n+00038090: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6174 206c 6561 7374 must be at least\n+000380a0: 0ae2 809c 4861 6c66 2d49 6e73 7461 6c6c ....Half-Install\n+000380b0: 6564 e280 9d2e 0a0a 4120 7370 6563 6961 ed......A specia\n+000380c0: 6c20 6578 6365 7074 696f 6e20 6973 206d l exception is m\n+000380d0: 6164 6520 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 ade for packages\n+000380e0: 2077 6869 6368 2064 6563 6c61 7265 2074 which declare t\n+000380f0: 6861 7420 7468 6579 2062 7265 616b 0a74 hat they break.t\n+00038100: 6865 6972 206f 776e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 heir own package\n+00038110: 206e 616d 6520 6f72 2061 2076 6972 7475 name or a virtu\n+00038120: 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6869 6368 al package which\n+00038130: 2074 6865 7920 7072 6f76 6964 6520 2873 they provide (s\n+00038140: 6565 0a62 656c 6f77 293a 2074 6869 7320 ee.below): this \n+00038150: 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2063 6f75 6e74 2061 does not count a\n+00038160: 7320 6120 7265 616c 2062 7265 616b 6167 s a real breakag\n+00038170: 652e 0a0a 4e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2061 20e2 e...Normally a .\n+00038180: 8098 4272 6561 6b73 e280 9920 656e 7472 ..Breaks... entr\n+00038190: 7920 7769 6c6c 2068 6176 6520 616e 20e2 y will have an .\n+000381a0: 809c 6561 726c 6965 7220 7468 616e e280 ..earlier than..\n+000381b0: 9d20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 636c 6175 7365 . version clause\n+000381c0: 3b0a 7375 6368 2061 20e2 8098 4272 6561 ;.such a ...Brea\n+000381d0: 6b73 e280 9920 6973 2069 6e74 726f 6475 ks... is introdu\n+000381e0: 6365 6420 696e 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 ced in the versi\n+000381f0: 6f6e 206f 6620 616e 2028 696d 706c 6963 on of an (implic\n+00038200: 6974 206f 720a 6578 706c 6963 6974 2920 it or.explicit) \n+00038210: 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 2077 6869 6368 dependency which\n+00038220: 2076 696f 6c61 7465 7320 616e 2061 7373 violates an ass\n+00038230: 756d 7074 696f 6e20 6f72 2072 6576 6561 umption or revea\n+00038240: 6c73 2061 2062 7567 2069 6e0a 6561 726c ls a bug in.earl\n+00038250: 6965 7220 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f 6620 ier versions of \n+00038260: 7468 6520 6272 6f6b 656e 2070 6163 6b61 the broken packa\n+00038270: 6765 2c20 6f72 2077 6869 6368 2074 616b ge, or which tak\n+00038280: 6573 206f 7665 7220 6120 6669 6c65 2066 es over a file f\n+00038290: 726f 6d0a 6561 726c 6965 7220 7665 7273 rom.earlier vers\n+000382a0: 696f 6e73 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b ions of the pack\n+000382b0: 6167 6520 6e61 6d65 6420 696e 20e2 8098 age named in ...\n+000382c0: 4272 6561 6b73 e280 992e 2020 5468 6973 Breaks.... This\n+000382d0: 2075 7365 206f 6620 e280 9842 7265 616b use of ...Break\n+000382e0: 73e2 8099 0a77 696c 6c20 696e 666f 726d s....will inform\n+000382f0: 2068 6967 6865 722d 6c65 7665 6c20 7061 higher-level pa\n+00038300: 636b 6167 6520 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 ckage management\n+00038310: 2074 6f6f 6c73 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 tools that the \n+00038320: 6272 6f6b 656e 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 206d broken.package m\n+00038330: 7573 7420 6265 2075 7067 7261 6465 6420 ust be upgraded \n+00038340: 6265 666f 7265 2074 6865 206e 6577 206f before the new o\n+00038350: 6e65 2e0a 0a49 6620 7468 6520 6272 6561 ne...If the brea\n+00038360: 6b69 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 6c73 king package als\n+00038370: 6f20 6f76 6572 7772 6974 6573 2073 6f6d o overwrites som\n+00038380: 6520 6669 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 e files from the\n+00038390: 206f 6c64 6572 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 older.package, \n+000383a0: 6974 2073 686f 756c 6420 7573 6520 e280 it should use ..\n+000383b0: 9852 6570 6c61 6365 73e2 8099 2074 6f20 .Replaces... to \n+000383c0: 656e 7375 7265 2074 6869 7320 676f 6573 ensure this goes\n+000383d0: 2073 6d6f 6f74 686c 792e 2020 5365 650a smoothly. See.\n+000383e0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 4f76 6572 7772 6974 696e *note Overwritin\n+000383f0: 6720 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7265 706c g files and repl\n+00038400: 6163 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d acing packages -\n+00038410: 2052 6570 6c61 6365 733a 2065 612e 2066 Replaces: ea. f\n+00038420: 6f72 2061 0a66 756c 6c20 6469 7363 7573 or a.full discus\n+00038430: 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7461 6b69 6e67 206f sion of taking o\n+00038440: 7665 7220 6669 6c65 7320 6672 6f6d 206f ver files from o\n+00038450: 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2069 ther packages, i\n+00038460: 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2068 6f77 0a74 6f20 ncluding how.to \n+00038470: 7573 6520 e280 9842 7265 616b 73e2 8099 use ...Breaks...\n+00038480: 2069 6e20 7468 6f73 6520 6361 7365 732e in those cases.\n+00038490: 0a0a 4d61 6e79 206f 6620 7468 6520 6361 ..Many of the ca\n+000384a0: 7365 7320 7768 6572 6520 e280 9842 7265 ses where ...Bre\n+000384b0: 616b 73e2 8099 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 aks... should be\n+000384c0: 2075 7365 6420 7765 7265 2070 7265 7669 used were previ\n+000384d0: 6f75 736c 7920 6861 6e64 6c65 640a 7769 ously handled.wi\n+000384e0: 7468 20e2 8098 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 73e2 th ...Conflicts.\n+000384f0: 8099 2062 6563 6175 7365 20e2 8098 4272 .. because ...Br\n+00038500: 6561 6b73 e280 9920 6469 6420 6e6f 7420 eaks... did not \n+00038510: 7965 7420 6578 6973 742e 2020 4d61 6e79 yet exist. Many\n+00038520: 20e2 8098 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 73e2 8099 ...Conflicts...\n+00038530: 0a66 6965 6c64 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 206e .fields should n\n+00038540: 6f77 2062 6520 e280 9842 7265 616b 73e2 ow be ...Breaks.\n+00038550: 8099 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2043 ... See *note C\n+00038560: 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 6e67 2062 696e 6172 onflicting binar\n+00038570: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d 0a43 6f6e y packages -.Con\n+00038580: 666c 6963 7473 3a20 6634 2e20 666f 7220 flicts: f4. for \n+00038590: 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e more information\n+000385a0: 2061 626f 7574 2074 6865 2064 6966 6665 about the diffe\n+000385b0: 7265 6e63 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a rences.....File:\n+000385c0: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n+000385d0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6e66 nfo, Node: Conf\n+000385e0: 6c69 6374 696e 6720 6269 6e61 7279 2070 licting binary p\n+000385f0: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 436f 6e66 6c69 ackages - Confli\n+00038600: 6374 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5669 7274 cts, Next: Virt\n+00038610: 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d 2050 ual packages - P\n+00038620: 726f 7669 6465 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 rovides, Prev: \n+00038630: 5061 636b 6167 6573 2077 6869 6368 2062 Packages which b\n+00038640: 7265 616b 206f 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 reak other packa\n+00038650: 6765 7320 2d20 4272 6561 6b73 2c20 2055 ges - Breaks, U\n+00038660: 703a 2044 6563 6c61 7269 6e67 2072 656c p: Declaring rel\n+00038670: 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7073 2062 6574 7765 ationships betwe\n+00038680: 656e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a37 2e34 en packages..7.4\n+00038690: 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 6e67 2062 696e Conflicting bin\n+000386a0: 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d 20e2 ary packages - .\n+000386b0: 8098 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 73e2 8099 0a3d ..Conflicts....=\n+000386c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000386d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000386e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5768 ============..Wh\n+000386f0: 656e 206f 6e65 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 en one binary pa\n+00038700: 636b 6167 6520 6465 636c 6172 6573 2061 ckage declares a\n+00038710: 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 7769 7468 2061 conflict with a\n+00038720: 6e6f 7468 6572 2075 7369 6e67 2061 0ae2 nother using a..\n+00038730: 8098 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 73e2 8099 2066 ..Conflicts... f\n+00038740: 6965 6c64 2c20 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 ield, ...dpkg...\n+00038750: 2077 696c 6c20 7265 6675 7365 2074 6f20 will refuse to \n+00038760: 616c 6c6f 7720 7468 656d 2074 6f20 6265 allow them to be\n+00038770: 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 6420 6f6e 0a74 6865 unpacked on.the\n+00038780: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6174 2074 6865 2073 system at the s\n+00038790: 616d 6520 7469 6d65 2e20 2054 6869 7320 ame time. This \n+000387a0: 6973 2061 2073 7472 6f6e 6765 7220 7265 is a stronger re\n+000387b0: 7374 7269 6374 696f 6e20 7468 616e 0ae2 striction than..\n+000387c0: 8098 4272 6561 6b73 e280 992c 2077 6869 ..Breaks..., whi\n+000387d0: 6368 2070 7265 7665 6e74 7320 7468 6520 ch prevents the \n+000387e0: 6272 6f6b 656e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2066 broken package f\n+000387f0: 726f 6d20 6265 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6967 rom being config\n+00038800: 7572 6564 2077 6869 6c65 0a74 6865 2062 ured while.the b\n+00038810: 7265 616b 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 6520 reaking package \n+00038820: 6973 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9c55 6e70 is in the ...Unp\n+00038830: 6163 6b65 64e2 809d 2073 7461 7465 2062 acked... state b\n+00038840: 7574 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 626f 7468 2070 ut allows both p\n+00038850: 6163 6b61 6765 730a 746f 2062 6520 756e ackages.to be un\n+00038860: 7061 636b 6564 2061 7420 7468 6520 7361 packed at the sa\n+00038870: 6d65 2074 696d 652e 0a0a 4966 206f 6e65 me time...If one\n+00038880: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 746f 2062 package is to b\n+00038890: 6520 756e 7061 636b 6564 2c20 7468 6520 e unpacked, the \n+000388a0: 6f74 6865 7220 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7265 other must be re\n+000388b0: 6d6f 7665 6420 6669 7273 742e 2020 4966 moved first. If\n+000388c0: 0a74 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2062 6569 .the package bei\n+000388d0: 6e67 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 6420 6973 206d ng unpacked is m\n+000388e0: 6172 6b65 6420 6173 2072 6570 6c61 6369 arked as replaci\n+000388f0: 6e67 2028 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 4f76 ng (see *note Ov\n+00038900: 6572 7772 6974 696e 670a 6669 6c65 7320 erwriting.files \n+00038910: 616e 6420 7265 706c 6163 696e 6720 7061 and replacing pa\n+00038920: 636b 6167 6573 202d 2052 6570 6c61 6365 ckages - Replace\n+00038930: 733a 2065 612c 2062 7574 206e 6f74 6520 s: ea, but note \n+00038940: 7468 6174 20e2 8098 4272 6561 6b73 e280 that ...Breaks..\n+00038950: 990a 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c ..should normall\n+00038960: 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 696e 2074 6869 y be used in thi\n+00038970: 7320 6361 7365 2920 7468 6520 6f6e 6520 s case) the one \n+00038980: 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 206f on the system, o\n+00038990: 7220 7468 6520 6f6e 650a 6f6e 2074 6865 r the one.on the\n+000389a0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6973 206d 6172 6b65 system is marke\n+000389b0: 6420 6173 2064 6573 656c 6563 7465 642c d as deselected,\n+000389c0: 206f 7220 626f 7468 2070 6163 6b61 6765 or both package\n+000389d0: 7320 6172 6520 6d61 726b 6564 0ae2 8098 s are marked....\n+000389e0: 4573 7365 6e74 6961 6ce2 8099 2c20 7468 Essential..., th\n+000389f0: 656e 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 7769 en ...dpkg... wi\n+00038a00: 6c6c 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 ll automatically\n+00038a10: 2072 656d 6f76 6520 7468 6520 7061 636b remove the pack\n+00038a20: 6167 6520 7768 6963 6820 6973 0a63 6175 age which is.cau\n+00038a30: 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 sing the conflic\n+00038a40: 742e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 6973 652c 2069 t. Otherwise, i\n+00038a50: 7420 7769 6c6c 2068 616c 7420 7468 6520 t will halt the \n+00038a60: 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 installation of \n+00038a70: 7468 650a 6e65 7720 7061 636b 6167 6520 the.new package \n+00038a80: 7769 7468 2061 6e20 6572 726f 722e 2020 with an error. \n+00038a90: 5468 6973 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2069 This mechanism i\n+00038aa0: 7320 7370 6563 6966 6963 616c 6c79 2064 s specifically d\n+00038ab0: 6573 6967 6e65 6420 746f 0a70 726f 6475 esigned to.produ\n+00038ac0: 6365 2061 6e20 6572 726f 7220 7768 656e ce an error when\n+00038ad0: 2074 6865 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2070 the installed p\n+00038ae0: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 e280 9845 7373 ackage is ...Ess\n+00038af0: 656e 7469 616c e280 992c 2062 7574 2074 ential..., but t\n+00038b00: 6865 206e 6577 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2069 he new.package i\n+00038b10: 7320 6e6f 742e 0a0a 4120 7061 636b 6167 s not...A packag\n+00038b20: 6520 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2063 6175 7365 e will not cause\n+00038b30: 2061 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 6d65 7265 a conflict mere\n+00038b40: 6c79 2062 6563 6175 7365 2069 7473 2063 ly because its c\n+00038b50: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a66 696c onfiguration.fil\n+00038b60: 6573 2061 7265 2073 7469 6c6c 2069 6e73 es are still ins\n+00038b70: 7461 6c6c 6564 3b20 6974 206d 7573 7420 talled; it must \n+00038b80: 6265 2061 7420 6c65 6173 7420 e280 9c48 be at least ...H\n+00038b90: 616c 662d 496e 7374 616c 6c65 64e2 809d alf-Installed...\n+00038ba0: 2e0a 0a41 2073 7065 6369 616c 2065 7863 ...A special exc\n+00038bb0: 6570 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 6d61 6465 2066 eption is made f\n+00038bc0: 6f72 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7768 6963 or packages whic\n+00038bd0: 6820 6465 636c 6172 6520 6120 636f 6e66 h declare a conf\n+00038be0: 6c69 6374 2077 6974 680a 7468 6569 7220 lict with.their \n+00038bf0: 6f77 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6520 6e61 6d65 own package name\n+00038c00: 2c20 6f72 2077 6974 6820 6120 7669 7274 , or with a virt\n+00038c10: 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6520 7768 6963 ual package whic\n+00038c20: 6820 7468 6579 2070 726f 7669 6465 0a28 h they provide.(\n+00038c30: 7365 6520 6265 6c6f 7729 3a20 7468 6973 see below): this\n+00038c40: 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 7072 6576 656e does not preven\n+00038c50: 7420 7468 6569 7220 696e 7374 616c 6c61 t their installa\n+00038c60: 7469 6f6e 2c20 616e 6420 616c 6c6f 7773 tion, and allows\n+00038c70: 2061 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6f20 636f a.package to co\n+00038c80: 6e66 6c69 6374 2077 6974 6820 6f74 6865 nflict with othe\n+00038c90: 7273 2070 726f 7669 6469 6e67 2061 2072 rs providing a r\n+00038ca0: 6570 6c61 6365 6d65 6e74 2066 6f72 2069 eplacement for i\n+00038cb0: 742e 2020 596f 7520 7573 650a 7468 6973 t. You use.this\n+00038cc0: 2066 6561 7475 7265 2077 6865 6e20 796f feature when yo\n+00038cd0: 7520 7761 6e74 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 u want the packa\n+00038ce0: 6765 2069 6e20 7175 6573 7469 6f6e 2074 ge in question t\n+00038cf0: 6f20 6265 2074 6865 206f 6e6c 790a 7061 o be the only.pa\n+00038d00: 636b 6167 6520 7072 6f76 6964 696e 6720 ckage providing \n+00038d10: 736f 6d65 2066 6561 7475 7265 2e0a 0a4e some feature...N\n+00038d20: 6f72 6d61 6c6c 792c 20e2 8098 4272 6561 ormally, ...Brea\n+00038d30: 6b73 e280 9920 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 ks... should be \n+00038d40: 7573 6564 2069 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 used instead of \n+00038d50: e280 9843 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 e280 9920 ...Conflicts... \n+00038d60: 7369 6e63 650a e280 9843 6f6e 666c 6963 since....Conflic\n+00038d70: 7473 e280 9920 696d 706f 7365 7320 6120 ts... imposes a \n+00038d80: 7374 726f 6e67 6572 2072 6573 7472 6963 stronger restric\n+00038d90: 7469 6f6e 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6f72 6465 tion on the orde\n+00038da0: 7269 6e67 206f 6620 7061 636b 6167 650a ring of package.\n+00038db0: 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 206f 7220 installation or \n+00038dc0: 7570 6772 6164 6520 616e 6420 6361 6e20 upgrade and can \n+00038dd0: 6d61 6b65 2069 7420 6d6f 7265 2064 6966 make it more dif\n+00038de0: 6669 6375 6c74 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2070 ficult for the p\n+00038df0: 6163 6b61 6765 0a6d 616e 6167 6572 2074 ackage.manager t\n+00038e00: 6f20 6669 6e64 2061 2063 6f72 7265 6374 o find a correct\n+00038e10: 2073 6f6c 7574 696f 6e20 746f 2061 6e20 solution to an \n+00038e20: 7570 6772 6164 6520 6f72 2069 6e73 7461 upgrade or insta\n+00038e30: 6c6c 6174 696f 6e0a 7072 6f62 6c65 6d2e llation.problem.\n+00038e40: 2020 e280 9842 7265 616b 73e2 8099 2073 ...Breaks... s\n+00038e50: 686f 756c 6420 6265 2075 7365 640a 0a20 hould be used.. \n+00038e60: 2020 2d20 7768 656e 206d 6f76 696e 6720 - when moving \n+00038e70: 6120 6669 6c65 2066 726f 6d20 6f6e 6520 a file from one \n+00038e80: 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f 2061 6e6f 7468 package to anoth\n+00038e90: 6572 2028 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 650a 2020 er (see *note. \n+00038ea0: 2020 204f 7665 7277 7269 7469 6e67 2066 Overwriting f\n+00038eb0: 696c 6573 2061 6e64 2072 6570 6c61 6369 iles and replaci\n+00038ec0: 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 5265 ng packages - Re\n+00038ed0: 706c 6163 6573 3a20 6561 2e29 2c0a 0a20 places: ea.),.. \n+00038ee0: 2020 2d20 7768 656e 2073 706c 6974 7469 - when splitti\n+00038ef0: 6e67 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2028 6120 ng a package (a \n+00038f00: 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6361 7365 206f 6620 special case of \n+00038f10: 7468 6520 7072 6576 696f 7573 206f 6e65 the previous one\n+00038f20: 292c 206f 720a 0a20 2020 2d20 7768 656e ), or.. - when\n+00038f30: 2074 6865 2062 7265 616b 696e 6720 7061 the breaking pa\n+00038f40: 636b 6167 6520 6578 706f 7365 7320 6120 ckage exposes a \n+00038f50: 6275 6720 696e 206f 7220 696e 7465 7261 bug in or intera\n+00038f60: 6374 7320 6261 646c 7920 7769 7468 0a20 cts badly with. \n+00038f70: 2020 2020 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 2076 particular v\n+00038f80: 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2062 ersions of the b\n+00038f90: 726f 6b65 6e20 7061 636b 6167 652e 0a0a roken package...\n+00038fa0: e280 9843 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 e280 9920 ...Conflicts... \n+00038fb0: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7573 6564 0a0a should be used..\n+00038fc0: 2020 202d 2077 6865 6e20 7477 6f20 7061 - when two pa\n+00038fd0: 636b 6167 6573 2070 726f 7669 6465 2074 ckages provide t\n+00038fe0: 6865 2073 616d 6520 6669 6c65 2061 6e64 he same file and\n+00038ff0: 2077 696c 6c20 636f 6e74 696e 7565 2074 will continue t\n+00039000: 6f20 646f 2073 6f2c 0a0a 2020 202d 2069 o do so,.. - i\n+00039010: 6e20 636f 6e6a 756e 6374 696f 6e20 7769 n conjunction wi\n+00039020: 7468 20e2 8098 5072 6f76 6964 6573 e280 th ...Provides..\n+00039030: 9920 7768 656e 206f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 6520 . when only one \n+00039040: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7072 6f76 6964 696e package providin\n+00039050: 6720 610a 2020 2020 2067 6976 656e 2076 g a. given v\n+00039060: 6972 7475 616c 2066 6163 696c 6974 7920 irtual facility \n+00039070: 6361 6e20 6265 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 6420 can be unpacked \n+00039080: 6174 2061 2074 696d 6520 2873 6565 202a at a time (see *\n+00039090: 6e6f 7465 2056 6972 7475 616c 0a20 2020 note Virtual. \n+000390a0: 2020 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d 2050 726f packages - Pro\n+000390b0: 7669 6465 733a 2035 362e 292c 0a0a 2020 vides: 56.),.. \n+000390c0: 202d 2069 6e20 6f74 6865 7220 6361 7365 - in other case\n+000390d0: 7320 7768 6572 6520 6f6e 6520 6d75 7374 s where one must\n+000390e0: 2070 7265 7665 6e74 2073 696d 756c 7461 prevent simulta\n+000390f0: 6e65 6f75 7320 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 neous installati\n+00039100: 6f6e 206f 660a 2020 2020 2074 776f 2070 on of. two p\n+00039110: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 666f 7220 7265 6173 ackages for reas\n+00039120: 6f6e 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 206f 6e67 ons that are ong\n+00039130: 6f69 6e67 2028 6e6f 7420 6669 7865 6420 oing (not fixed \n+00039140: 696e 2061 206c 6174 6572 0a20 2020 2020 in a later. \n+00039150: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 206f 6e65 206f version of one o\n+00039160: 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2920 f the packages) \n+00039170: 6f72 2074 6861 7420 6d75 7374 2070 7265 or that must pre\n+00039180: 7665 6e74 2062 6f74 6820 7061 636b 6167 vent both packag\n+00039190: 6573 0a20 2020 2020 6672 6f6d 2062 6569 es. from bei\n+000391a0: 6e67 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 6420 6174 2074 ng unpacked at t\n+000391b0: 6865 2073 616d 6520 7469 6d65 2c20 6e6f he same time, no\n+000391c0: 7420 6a75 7374 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 t just configure\n+000391d0: 642e 0a0a 4265 2061 7761 7265 2074 6861 d...Be aware tha\n+000391e0: 7420 6164 6469 6e67 20e2 8098 436f 6e66 t adding ...Conf\n+000391f0: 6c69 6374 73e2 8099 2069 7320 6e6f 726d licts... is norm\n+00039200: 616c 6c79 206e 6f74 2074 6865 2062 6573 ally not the bes\n+00039210: 7420 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 2077 6865 6e0a t solution when.\n+00039220: 7477 6f20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2070 726f two packages pro\n+00039230: 7669 6465 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6669 vide the same fi\n+00039240: 6c65 732e 2020 4465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 les. Depending \n+00039250: 6f6e 2074 6865 2072 6561 736f 6e20 666f on the reason fo\n+00039260: 7220 7468 6174 0a63 6f6e 666c 6963 742c r that.conflict,\n+00039270: 2075 7369 6e67 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 using alternati\n+00039280: 7665 7320 6f72 2072 656e 616d 696e 6720 ves or renaming \n+00039290: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7320 6973 206f 6674 the files is oft\n+000392a0: 656e 2061 2062 6574 7465 720a 6170 7072 en a better.appr\n+000392b0: 6f61 6368 2e20 2053 6565 2c20 666f 7220 oach. See, for \n+000392c0: 6578 616d 706c 652c 202a 6e6f 7465 2042 example, *note B\n+000392d0: 696e 6172 6965 733a 2037 652e 0a0a 4e65 inaries: 7e...Ne\n+000392e0: 6974 6865 7220 e280 9842 7265 616b 73e2 ither ...Breaks.\n+000392f0: 8099 206e 6f72 20e2 8098 436f 6e66 6c69 .. nor ...Confli\n+00039300: 6374 73e2 8099 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 cts... should be\n+00039310: 2075 7365 6420 756e 6c65 7373 2074 776f used unless two\n+00039320: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 6361 6e6e 6f74 packages.cannot\n+00039330: 2062 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 6174 be installed at\n+00039340: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7469 6d65 206f the same time o\n+00039350: 7220 696e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2074 6865 r installing the\n+00039360: 6d20 626f 7468 2063 6175 7365 7320 6f6e m both causes on\n+00039370: 650a 6f66 2074 6865 6d20 746f 2062 6520 e.of them to be \n+00039380: 6272 6f6b 656e 206f 7220 756e 7573 6162 broken or unusab\n+00039390: 6c65 2e20 2048 6176 696e 6720 7369 6d69 le. 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However,\n+000394e0: 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 7468 6520 7072 normally the pr\n+000394f0: 6573 656e 6365 206f 6620 616e 20e2 809c esence of an ...\n+00039500: 6561 726c 6965 7220 7468 616e e280 9d20 earlier than... \n+00039510: 7665 7273 696f 6e0a 636c 6175 7365 2069 version.clause i\n+00039520: 7320 6120 7369 676e 2074 6861 7420 e280 s a sign that ..\n+00039530: 9842 7265 616b 73e2 8099 2073 686f 756c .Breaks... shoul\n+00039540: 6420 6861 7665 2062 6565 6e20 7573 6564 d have been used\n+00039550: 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2e20 2041 6e0a e280 instead. An...\n+00039560: 9c65 6172 6c69 6572 2074 6861 6ee2 809d .earlier than...\n+00039570: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2063 6c61 7573 6520 version clause \n+00039580: 696e 20e2 8098 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 73e2 in ...Conflicts.\n+00039590: 8099 2070 7265 7665 6e74 7320 e280 9864 .. prevents ...d\n+000395a0: 706b 67e2 8099 2066 726f 6d0a 7570 6772 pkg... from.upgr\n+000395b0: 6164 696e 6720 6f72 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c ading or install\n+000395c0: 696e 6720 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 ing the package \n+000395d0: 7768 6963 6820 6465 636c 6172 6573 2073 which declares s\n+000395e0: 7563 6820 6120 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 2075 uch a conflict u\n+000395f0: 6e74 696c 0a74 6865 2075 7067 7261 6465 ntil.the upgrade\n+00039600: 206f 7220 7265 6d6f 7661 6c20 6f66 2074 or removal of t\n+00039610: 6865 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7465 642d 7769 he conflicted-wi\n+00039620: 7468 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 6173 2062 th package has b\n+00039630: 6565 6e0a 636f 6d70 6c65 7465 642c 2077 een.completed, w\n+00039640: 6869 6368 2069 7320 6120 7374 726f 6e67 hich is a strong\n+00039650: 2072 6573 7472 6963 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f restriction....\n+00039660: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n+00039670: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n+00039680: 3a20 5669 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 : Virtual packag\n+00039690: 6573 202d 2050 726f 7669 6465 732c 2020 es - Provides, \n+000396a0: 4e65 7874 3a20 4f76 6572 7772 6974 696e Next: Overwritin\n+000396b0: 6720 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7265 706c g files and repl\n+000396c0: 6163 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d acing packages -\n+000396d0: 2052 6570 6c61 6365 732c 2020 5072 6576 Replaces, Prev\n+000396e0: 3a20 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 696e 6720 6269 : Conflicting bi\n+000396f0: 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 nary packages - \n+00039700: 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 732c 2020 5570 3a20 Conflicts, Up: \n+00039710: 4465 636c 6172 696e 6720 7265 6c61 7469 Declaring relati\n+00039720: 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 onships between \n+00039730: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 372e 3520 5669 packages..7.5 Vi\n+00039740: 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d rtual packages -\n+00039750: 20e2 8098 5072 6f76 6964 6573 e280 990a ...Provides....\n+00039760: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00039770: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00039780: 3d0a 0a41 7320 7765 6c6c 2061 7320 7468 =..As well as th\n+00039790: 6520 6e61 6d65 7320 6f66 2061 6374 7561 e names of actua\n+000397a0: 6c20 28e2 809c 636f 6e63 7265 7465 e280 l (...concrete..\n+000397b0: 9d29 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2074 6865 .) packages, the\n+000397c0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a72 656c 6174 696f package.relatio\n+000397d0: 6e73 6869 7020 6669 656c 6473 20e2 8098 nship fields ...\n+000397e0: 4465 7065 6e64 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 9852 Depends..., ...R\n+000397f0: 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 ecommends..., ..\n+00039800: 9853 7567 6765 7374 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 .Suggests..., ..\n+00039810: 9845 6e68 616e 6365 73e2 8099 2c0a e280 .Enhances...,...\n+00039820: 9850 7265 2d44 6570 656e 6473 e280 992c .Pre-Depends...,\n+00039830: 20e2 8098 4272 6561 6b73 e280 992c 20e2 ...Breaks..., .\n+00039840: 8098 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 73e2 8099 2c20 ..Conflicts..., \n+00039850: e280 9842 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 ...Build-Depends\n+00039860: e280 992c 0ae2 8098 4275 696c 642d 4465 ...,....Build-De\n+00039870: 7065 6e64 732d 496e 6465 70e2 8099 2c20 pends-Indep..., \n+00039880: e280 9842 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 ...Build-Depends\n+00039890: 2d41 7263 68e2 8099 2c20 e280 9842 7569 -Arch..., ...Bui\n+000398a0: 6c64 2d43 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 e280 992c ld-Conflicts...,\n+000398b0: 0ae2 8098 4275 696c 642d 436f 6e66 6c69 ....Build-Confli\n+000398c0: 6374 732d 496e 6465 70e2 8099 2061 6e64 cts-Indep... and\n+000398d0: 20e2 8098 4275 696c 642d 436f 6e66 6c69 ...Build-Confli\n+000398e0: 6374 732d 4172 6368 e280 9920 6d61 7920 cts-Arch... may \n+000398f0: 6d65 6e74 696f 6e20 e280 9c76 6972 7475 mention ...virtu\n+00039900: 616c 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 73e2 809d 2e0a al.packages.....\n+00039910: 0a41 2027 7669 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b .A 'virtual pack\n+00039920: 6167 6527 2069 7320 6f6e 6520 7768 6963 age' is one whic\n+00039930: 6820 6170 7065 6172 7320 696e 2074 6865 h appears in the\n+00039940: 20e2 8098 5072 6f76 6964 6573 e280 9920 ...Provides... \n+00039950: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 656c 640a 6f66 control field.of\n+00039960: 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 another package\n+00039970: 2e20 2054 6865 2065 6666 6563 7420 6973 . 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If t\n+00039e60: 6865 20e2 8098 5072 6f76 6964 6573 e280 he ...Provides..\n+00039e70: 9920 6669 656c 6420 646f 6573 0a6e 6f74 . field does.not\n+00039e80: 2073 7065 6369 6679 2061 2076 6572 7369 specify a versi\n+00039e90: 6f6e 206e 756d 6265 722c 2069 7420 7769 on number, it wi\n+00039ea0: 6c6c 206e 6f74 2073 6174 6973 6679 2076 ll not satisfy v\n+00039eb0: 6572 7369 6f6e 6564 2064 6570 656e 6465 ersioned depende\n+00039ec0: 6e63 6965 730a 6f72 2076 696f 6c61 7465 ncies.or violate\n+00039ed0: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 6564 20e2 8098 436f versioned ...Co\n+00039ee0: 6e66 6c69 6374 73e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 nflicts... or ..\n+00039ef0: 9842 7265 616b 73e2 8099 2e20 2046 6f72 .Breaks.... For\n+00039f00: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6769 7665 6e20 example, given \n+00039f10: 7468 650a 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7061 the.following pa\n+00039f20: 636b 6167 6573 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 5061 ckages:.. 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Build-Depe\n+0003a3c0: 6e64 7320 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 nds Build-Depend\n+0003a3d0: 732d 496e 6465 7020 4275 696c 642d 4465 s-Indep Build-De\n+0003a3e0: 7065 6e64 732d 4172 6368 2042 7569 6c64 pends-Arch Build\n+0003a3f0: 2d43 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2042 7569 6c64 -Conflicts Build\n+0003a400: 2d43 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2d49 6e64 6570 -Conflicts-Indep\n+0003a410: 2042 7569 6c64 2d43 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 Build-Conflicts\n+0003a420: 2d41 7263 682c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5669 -Arch, Prev: Vi\n+0003a430: 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d rtual packages -\n+0003a440: 2050 726f 7669 6465 732c 2020 5570 3a20 Provides, Up: \n+0003a450: 4465 636c 6172 696e 6720 7265 6c61 7469 Declaring relati\n+0003a460: 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 onships between \n+0003a470: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 372e 3620 4f76 packages..7.6 Ov\n+0003a480: 6572 7772 6974 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7320 erwriting files \n+0003a490: 616e 6420 7265 706c 6163 696e 6720 7061 and replacing pa\n+0003a4a0: 636b 6167 6573 202d 20e2 8098 5265 706c ckages - ...Repl\n+0003a4b0: 6163 6573 e280 990a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d aces....========\n+0003a4c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003a4d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003a4e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003a4f0: 3d0a 0a50 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6361 6e20 =..Packages can \n+0003a500: 6465 636c 6172 6520 696e 2074 6865 6972 declare in their\n+0003a510: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6520 7468 control file th\n+0003a520: 6174 2074 6865 7920 7368 6f75 6c64 206f at they should o\n+0003a530: 7665 7277 7269 7465 0a66 696c 6573 2069 verwrite.files i\n+0003a540: 6e20 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6f74 6865 7220 n certain other \n+0003a550: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 6f72 2063 6f6d packages, or com\n+0003a560: 706c 6574 656c 7920 7265 706c 6163 6520 pletely replace \n+0003a570: 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e0a other packages..\n+0003a580: 5468 6520 e280 9852 6570 6c61 6365 73e2 The ...Replaces.\n+0003a590: 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 6965 6c64 .. control field\n+0003a5a0: 2068 6173 2074 6865 7365 2074 776f 2064 has these two d\n+0003a5b0: 6973 7469 6e63 7420 7075 7270 6f73 6573 istinct purposes\n+0003a5c0: 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4f76 ...* Menu:..* Ov\n+0003a5d0: 6572 7772 6974 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7320 erwriting files \n+0003a5e0: 696e 206f 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 in other package\n+0003a5f0: 733a 3a0a 2a20 5265 706c 6163 696e 6720 s::.* Replacing \n+0003a600: 7768 6f6c 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 whole packages, \n+0003a610: 666f 7263 696e 6720 7468 6569 7220 7265 forcing their re\n+0003a620: 6d6f 7661 6c3a 2052 6570 6c61 6369 6e67 moval: Replacing\n+0003a630: 2077 686f 6c65 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 whole packages \n+0003a640: 666f 7263 696e 6720 7468 6569 7220 7265 forcing their re\n+0003a650: 6d6f 7661 6c2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 moval.....File: \n+0003a660: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+0003a670: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204f 7665 7277 fo, Node: Overw\n+0003a680: 7269 7469 6e67 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 riting files in \n+0003a690: 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 other packages, \n+0003a6a0: 204e 6578 743a 2052 6570 6c61 6369 6e67 Next: Replacing\n+0003a6b0: 2077 686f 6c65 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 whole packages \n+0003a6c0: 666f 7263 696e 6720 7468 6569 7220 7265 forcing their re\n+0003a6d0: 6d6f 7661 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 4f76 6572 moval, Up: Over\n+0003a6e0: 7772 6974 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7320 616e writing files an\n+0003a6f0: 6420 7265 706c 6163 696e 6720 7061 636b d replacing pack\n+0003a700: 6167 6573 202d 2052 6570 6c61 6365 730a ages - Replaces.\n+0003a710: 0a37 2e36 2e31 204f 7665 7277 7269 7469 .7.6.1 Overwriti\n+0003a720: 6e67 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 6f74 6865 ng files in othe\n+0003a730: 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d r packages.-----\n+0003a740: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003a750: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003a760: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 7573 7561 ----..It is usua\n+0003a770: 6c6c 7920 616e 2065 7272 6f72 2066 6f72 lly an error for\n+0003a780: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6f20 636f a package to co\n+0003a790: 6e74 6169 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 7768 6963 ntain files whic\n+0003a7a0: 6820 6172 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 0a73 7973 h are on the.sys\n+0003a7b0: 7465 6d20 696e 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2070 tem in another p\n+0003a7c0: 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 ackage. However\n+0003a7d0: 2c20 6966 2074 6865 206f 7665 7277 7269 , if the overwri\n+0003a7e0: 7469 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2064 6563 ting package dec\n+0003a7f0: 6c61 7265 730a 7468 6174 2069 7420 e280 lares.that it ..\n+0003a800: 9852 6570 6c61 6365 73e2 8099 2074 6865 .Replaces... the\n+0003a810: 206f 6e65 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 696e 6720 one containing \n+0003a820: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2062 6569 6e67 206f the file being o\n+0003a830: 7665 7277 7269 7474 656e 2c20 7468 656e verwritten, then\n+0003a840: 0ae2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 7769 6c6c ....dpkg... will\n+0003a850: 2072 6570 6c61 6365 2074 6865 2066 696c replace the fil\n+0003a860: 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 206f 6c64 2070 e from the old p\n+0003a870: 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6974 6820 7468 6174 ackage with that\n+0003a880: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 650a 6e65 772e 2020 from the.new. \n+0003a890: 5468 6520 6669 6c65 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f The file will no\n+0003a8a0: 206c 6f6e 6765 7220 6265 206c 6973 7465 longer be liste\n+0003a8b0: 6420 6173 20e2 809c 6f77 6e65 64e2 809d d as ...owned...\n+0003a8c0: 2062 7920 7468 6520 6f6c 6420 7061 636b by the old pack\n+0003a8d0: 6167 650a 616e 6420 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 age.and will be \n+0003a8e0: 7461 6b65 6e20 6f76 6572 2062 7920 7468 taken over by th\n+0003a8f0: 6520 6e65 7720 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 e new package. \n+0003a900: 4e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2c20 e280 9842 7265 Normally, ...Bre\n+0003a910: 616b 73e2 8099 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 aks... should be\n+0003a920: 0a75 7365 6420 696e 2063 6f6e 6a75 6e63 .used in conjunc\n+0003a930: 7469 6f6e 2077 6974 6820 e280 9852 6570 tion with ...Rep\n+0003a940: 6c61 6365 73e2 8099 2e20 2028 3129 0a0a laces.... (1)..\n+0003a950: 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2069 6620 For example, if \n+0003a960: 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 666f 6f20 6973 a package foo is\n+0003a970: 2073 706c 6974 2069 6e74 6f20 666f 6f20 split into foo \n+0003a980: 616e 6420 666f 6f2d 6461 7461 2073 7461 and foo-data sta\n+0003a990: 7274 696e 6720 6174 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e rting at.version\n+0003a9a0: 2031 2e32 2d33 2c20 666f 6f2d 6461 7461 1.2-3, foo-data\n+0003a9b0: 2077 6f75 6c64 2068 6176 6520 7468 6520 would have the \n+0003a9c0: 6669 656c 6473 0a0a 2020 2020 2052 6570 fields.. Rep\n+0003a9d0: 6c61 6365 733a 2066 6f6f 2028 3c3c 2031 laces: foo (<< 1\n+0003a9e0: 2e32 2d33 290a 2020 2020 2042 7265 616b .2-3). Break\n+0003a9f0: 733a 2066 6f6f 2028 3c3c 2031 2e32 2d33 s: foo (<< 1.2-3\n+0003aa00: 290a 0a69 6e20 6974 7320 636f 6e74 726f )..in its contro\n+0003aa10: 6c20 6669 6c65 2e20 2054 6865 206e 6577 l file. The new\n+0003aa20: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 version of the \n+0003aa30: 7061 636b 6167 6520 666f 6f20 776f 756c package foo woul\n+0003aa40: 6420 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 0a68 6176 6520 d normally.have \n+0003aa50: 7468 6520 6669 656c 640a 0a20 2020 2020 the field.. \n+0003aa60: 4465 7065 6e64 733a 2066 6f6f 2d64 6174 Depends: foo-dat\n+0003aa70: 6120 283e 3d20 312e 322d 3329 0a0a 286f a (>= 1.2-3)..(o\n+0003aa80: 7220 706f 7373 6962 6c79 20e2 8098 5265 r possibly ...Re\n+0003aa90: 636f 6d6d 656e 6473 e280 9920 6f72 2065 commends... or e\n+0003aaa0: 7665 6e20 e280 9853 7567 6765 7374 73e2 ven ...Suggests.\n+0003aab0: 8099 2069 6620 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7320 .. if the files \n+0003aac0: 6d6f 7665 6420 696e 746f 0a66 6f6f 2d64 moved into.foo-d\n+0003aad0: 6174 6120 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 7265 7175 ata are not requ\n+0003aae0: 6972 6564 2066 6f72 206e 6f72 6d61 6c20 ired for normal \n+0003aaf0: 6f70 6572 6174 696f 6e29 2e0a 0a49 6620 operation)...If \n+0003ab00: 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2063 6f6d a package is com\n+0003ab10: 706c 6574 656c 7920 7265 706c 6163 6564 pletely replaced\n+0003ab20: 2069 6e20 7468 6973 2077 6179 2c20 736f in this way, so\n+0003ab30: 2074 6861 7420 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 that ...dpkg...\n+0003ab40: 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 740a 6b6e 6f77 206f does not.know o\n+0003ab50: 6620 616e 7920 6669 6c65 7320 6974 2073 f any files it s\n+0003ab60: 7469 6c6c 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 732c 2069 till contains, i\n+0003ab70: 7420 6973 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 6420 t is considered \n+0003ab80: 746f 2068 6176 650a e280 9c64 6973 6170 to have....disap\n+0003ab90: 7065 6172 6564 e280 9d2e 2020 4974 2077 peared.... It w\n+0003aba0: 696c 6c20 6265 206d 6172 6b65 6420 6173 ill be marked as\n+0003abb0: 206e 6f74 2077 616e 7465 6420 6f6e 2074 not wanted on t\n+0003abc0: 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 2873 656c 6563 he system (selec\n+0003abd0: 7465 640a 666f 7220 7265 6d6f 7661 6c29 ted.for removal)\n+0003abe0: 2061 6e64 20e2 809c 4e6f 742d 496e 7374 and ...Not-Inst\n+0003abf0: 616c 6c65 64e2 809d 2e20 2041 6e79 20e2 alled.... Any .\n+0003ac00: 8098 636f 6e66 6669 6c65 e280 9973 2064 ..conffile...s d\n+0003ac10: 6574 6169 6c73 206e 6f74 6564 2066 6f72 etails noted for\n+0003ac20: 2074 6865 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2077 696c the.package wil\n+0003ac30: 6c20 6265 2069 676e 6f72 6564 2c20 6173 l be ignored, as\n+0003ac40: 2074 6865 7920 7769 6c6c 2068 6176 6520 they will have \n+0003ac50: 6265 656e 2074 616b 656e 206f 7665 7220 been taken over \n+0003ac60: 6279 2074 6865 0a6f 7665 7277 7269 7469 by the.overwriti\n+0003ac70: 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 2054 6865 ng package. The\n+0003ac80: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 20e2 8098 package...s ...\n+0003ac90: 706f 7374 726d e280 9920 7363 7269 7074 postrm... script\n+0003aca0: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2072 756e 2077 6974 will be run wit\n+0003acb0: 6820 610a 7370 6563 6961 6c20 6172 6775 h a.special argu\n+0003acc0: 6d65 6e74 2074 6f20 616c 6c6f 7720 7468 ment to allow th\n+0003acd0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f 2064 6f20 e package to do \n+0003ace0: 616e 7920 6669 6e61 6c20 636c 6561 6e75 any final cleanu\n+0003acf0: 7020 7265 7175 6972 6564 2e0a 5365 6520 p required..See \n+0003ad00: 2a6e 6f74 6520 5375 6d6d 6172 7920 6f66 *note Summary of\n+0003ad10: 2077 6179 7320 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 ways maintainer\n+0003ad20: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 7265 2063 616c scripts are cal\n+0003ad30: 6c65 643a 2065 352e 2020 2832 290a 0a46 led: e5. (2)..F\n+0003ad40: 6f72 2074 6869 7320 7573 6167 6520 6f66 or this usage of\n+0003ad50: 20e2 8098 5265 706c 6163 6573 e280 992c ...Replaces...,\n+0003ad60: 2076 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 virtual package\n+0003ad70: 7320 2873 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2056 6972 s (see *note Vir\n+0003ad80: 7475 616c 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 tual.packages - \n+0003ad90: 5072 6f76 6964 6573 3a20 3536 2e29 2061 Provides: 56.) a\n+0003ada0: 7265 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e 7369 6465 7265 re not considere\n+0003adb0: 6420 7768 656e 206c 6f6f 6b69 6e67 2061 d when looking a\n+0003adc0: 7420 610a e280 9852 6570 6c61 6365 73e2 t a....Replaces.\n+0003add0: 8099 2066 6965 6c64 2e20 2054 6865 2070 .. field. The p\n+0003ade0: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6465 636c 6172 6564 ackages declared\n+0003adf0: 2061 7320 6265 696e 6720 7265 706c 6163 as being replac\n+0003ae00: 6564 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a6d 656e 7469 ed must be.menti\n+0003ae10: 6f6e 6564 2062 7920 7468 6569 7220 7265 oned by their re\n+0003ae20: 616c 206e 616d 6573 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 al names...This \n+0003ae30: 7573 6167 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 5265 706c usage of ...Repl\n+0003ae40: 6163 6573 e280 9920 6f6e 6c79 2074 616b aces... only tak\n+0003ae50: 6573 2065 6666 6563 7420 7768 656e 2062 es effect when b\n+0003ae60: 6f74 6820 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 7265 oth packages are\n+0003ae70: 2061 740a 6c65 6173 7420 7061 7274 6961 at.least partia\n+0003ae80: 6c6c 7920 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 lly on the syste\n+0003ae90: 6d20 6174 206f 6e63 652e 2020 4974 2069 m at once. It i\n+0003aea0: 7320 6e6f 7420 7265 6c65 7661 6e74 2069 s not relevant i\n+0003aeb0: 6620 7468 650a 7061 636b 6167 6573 2063 f the.packages c\n+0003aec0: 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 756e 6c65 7373 2074 onflict unless t\n+0003aed0: 6865 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 6861 7320 he conflict has \n+0003aee0: 6265 656e 206f 7665 7272 6964 6465 6e2e been overridden.\n+0003aef0: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n+0003af00: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n+0003af10: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 6f20 ----.. (1) To \n+0003af20: 7365 6520 7768 7920 e280 9842 7265 616b see why ...Break\n+0003af30: 73e2 8099 2069 7320 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 s... is normally\n+0003af40: 206e 6565 6465 6420 696e 2061 6464 6974 needed in addit\n+0003af50: 696f 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 5265 706c 6163 ion to ...Replac\n+0003af60: 6573 e280 992c 0a63 6f6e 7369 6465 7220 es...,.consider \n+0003af70: 7468 6520 6361 7365 206f 6620 6120 6669 the case of a fi\n+0003af80: 6c65 2069 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 le in the packag\n+0003af90: 6520 666f 6f20 6265 696e 6720 7461 6b65 e foo being take\n+0003afa0: 6e20 6f76 6572 2062 7920 7468 650a 7061 n over by the.pa\n+0003afb0: 636b 6167 6520 666f 6f2d 6461 7461 2e20 ckage foo-data. \n+0003afc0: 20e2 8098 5265 706c 6163 6573 e280 9920 ...Replaces... \n+0003afd0: 7769 6c6c 2061 6c6c 6f77 2066 6f6f 2d64 will allow foo-d\n+0003afe0: 6174 6120 746f 2062 6520 696e 7374 616c ata to be instal\n+0003aff0: 6c65 6420 616e 640a 7461 6b65 206f 7665 led and.take ove\n+0003b000: 7220 7468 6174 2066 696c 652e 2020 486f r that file. Ho\n+0003b010: 7765 7665 722c 2077 6974 686f 7574 20e2 wever, without .\n+0003b020: 8098 4272 6561 6b73 e280 992c 206e 6f74 ..Breaks..., not\n+0003b030: 6869 6e67 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 666f hing requires fo\n+0003b040: 6f20 746f 0a62 6520 7570 6772 6164 6564 o to.be upgraded\n+0003b050: 2074 6f20 6120 6e65 7765 7220 7665 7273 to a newer vers\n+0003b060: 696f 6e20 7468 6174 206b 6e6f 7773 2069 ion that knows i\n+0003b070: 7420 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2069 6e63 6c75 t does not inclu\n+0003b080: 6465 2074 6861 7420 6669 6c65 0a61 6e64 de that file.and\n+0003b090: 2069 6e73 7465 6164 2064 6570 656e 6473 instead depends\n+0003b0a0: 206f 6e20 666f 6f2d 6461 7461 2e20 204e on foo-data. N\n+0003b0b0: 6f74 6869 6e67 2077 6f75 6c64 2070 7265 othing would pre\n+0003b0c0: 7665 6e74 2074 6865 206e 6577 2066 6f6f vent the new foo\n+0003b0d0: 2d64 6174 610a 7061 636b 6167 6520 6672 -data.package fr\n+0003b0e0: 6f6d 2062 6569 6e67 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c om being install\n+0003b0f0: 6564 2061 6e64 2074 6865 6e20 7265 6d6f ed and then remo\n+0003b100: 7665 642c 2072 656d 6f76 696e 6720 7468 ved, removing th\n+0003b110: 6520 6669 6c65 2074 6861 7420 6974 0a74 e file that it.t\n+0003b120: 6f6f 6b20 6f76 6572 2066 726f 6d20 666f ook over from fo\n+0003b130: 6f2e 2020 4166 7465 7220 7468 6174 206f o. After that o\n+0003b140: 7065 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 7468 6520 7061 peration, the pa\n+0003b150: 636b 6167 6520 6d61 6e61 6765 7220 776f ckage manager wo\n+0003b160: 756c 640a 7468 696e 6b20 7468 6520 7379 uld.think the sy\n+0003b170: 7374 656d 2077 6173 2069 6e20 6120 636f stem was in a co\n+0003b180: 6e73 6973 7465 6e74 2073 7461 7465 2c20 nsistent state, \n+0003b190: 6275 7420 7468 6520 666f 6f20 7061 636b but the foo pack\n+0003b1a0: 6167 6520 776f 756c 6420 6265 0a6d 6973 age would be.mis\n+0003b1b0: 7369 6e67 206f 6e65 206f 6620 6974 7320 sing one of its \n+0003b1c0: 6669 6c65 732e 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 2052 files... (2) R\n+0003b1d0: 6570 6c61 6365 7320 6973 2061 206f 6e65 eplaces is a one\n+0003b1e0: 2077 6179 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 way relationshi\n+0003b1f0: 702e 2020 596f 7520 6861 7665 2074 6f20 p. You have to \n+0003b200: 696e 7374 616c 6c20 7468 650a 7265 706c install the.repl\n+0003b210: 6163 696e 6720 7061 636b 6167 6520 6166 acing package af\n+0003b220: 7465 7220 7468 6520 7265 706c 6163 6564 ter the replaced\n+0003b230: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c package.....Fil\n+0003b240: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n+0003b250: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5265 .info, Node: Re\n+0003b260: 706c 6163 696e 6720 7768 6f6c 6520 7061 placing whole pa\n+0003b270: 636b 6167 6573 2066 6f72 6369 6e67 2074 ckages forcing t\n+0003b280: 6865 6972 2072 656d 6f76 616c 2c20 2050 heir removal, P\n+0003b290: 7265 763a 204f 7665 7277 7269 7469 6e67 rev: Overwriting\n+0003b2a0: 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 6f74 6865 7220 files in other \n+0003b2b0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 2055 703a 204f packages, Up: O\n+0003b2c0: 7665 7277 7269 7469 6e67 2066 696c 6573 verwriting files\n+0003b2d0: 2061 6e64 2072 6570 6c61 6369 6e67 2070 and replacing p\n+0003b2e0: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 5265 706c 6163 ackages - Replac\n+0003b2f0: 6573 0a0a 372e 362e 3220 5265 706c 6163 es..7.6.2 Replac\n+0003b300: 696e 6720 7768 6f6c 6520 7061 636b 6167 ing whole packag\n+0003b310: 6573 2c20 666f 7263 696e 6720 7468 6569 es, forcing thei\n+0003b320: 7220 7265 6d6f 7661 6c0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d r removal.------\n+0003b330: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003b340: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0003b350: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+0003b360: 0a53 6563 6f6e 642c 20e2 8098 5265 706c .Second, ...Repl\n+0003b370: 6163 6573 e280 9920 616c 6c6f 7773 2074 aces... allows t\n+0003b380: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 2073 7973 he packaging sys\n+0003b390: 7465 6d20 746f 2072 6573 6f6c 7665 2077 tem to resolve w\n+0003b3a0: 6869 6368 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a73 686f hich package.sho\n+0003b3b0: 756c 6420 6265 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2077 uld be removed w\n+0003b3c0: 6865 6e20 7468 6572 6520 6973 2061 2063 hen there is a c\n+0003b3d0: 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 2873 6565 202a 6e6f onflict (see *no\n+0003b3e0: 7465 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 7469 6e67 2062 te Conflicting b\n+0003b3f0: 696e 6172 790a 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d inary.packages -\n+0003b400: 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 3a20 6634 2e29 Conflicts: f4.)\n+0003b410: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 7573 6167 6520 6f6e . This usage on\n+0003b420: 6c79 2074 616b 6573 2065 6666 6563 7420 ly takes effect \n+0003b430: 7768 656e 2074 6865 2074 776f 0a70 6163 when the two.pac\n+0003b440: 6b61 6765 7320 2764 6f27 2063 6f6e 666c kages 'do' confl\n+0003b450: 6963 742c 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2074 6865 ict, so that the\n+0003b460: 2074 776f 2075 7361 6765 7320 6f66 2074 two usages of t\n+0003b470: 6869 7320 6669 656c 6420 646f 206e 6f74 his field do not\n+0003b480: 0a69 6e74 6572 6665 7265 2077 6974 6820 .interfere with \n+0003b490: 6561 6368 206f 7468 6572 2e0a 0a49 6e20 each other...In \n+0003b4a0: 7468 6973 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 2c20 this situation, \n+0003b4b0: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6465 636c the package decl\n+0003b4c0: 6172 6564 2061 7320 6265 696e 6720 7265 ared as being re\n+0003b4d0: 706c 6163 6564 2063 616e 2062 6520 610a placed can be a.\n+0003b4e0: 7669 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 652c virtual package,\n+0003b4f0: 2073 6f20 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c so for example,\n+0003b500: 2061 6c6c 206d 6169 6c20 7472 616e 7370 all mail transp\n+0003b510: 6f72 7420 6167 656e 7473 2028 4d54 4173 ort agents (MTAs\n+0003b520: 2920 776f 756c 640a 6861 7665 2074 6865 ) would.have the\n+0003b530: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2066 6965 6c64 following field\n+0003b540: 7320 696e 2074 6865 6972 2063 6f6e 7472 s in their contr\n+0003b550: 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 ol files:.. \n+0003b560: 5072 6f76 6964 6573 3a20 6d61 696c 2d74 Provides: mail-t\n+0003b570: 7261 6e73 706f 7274 2d61 6765 6e74 0a20 ransport-agent. \n+0003b580: 2020 2020 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 733a 206d Conflicts: m\n+0003b590: 6169 6c2d 7472 616e 7370 6f72 742d 6167 ail-transport-ag\n+0003b5a0: 656e 740a 2020 2020 2052 6570 6c61 6365 ent. Replace\n+0003b5b0: 733a 206d 6169 6c2d 7472 616e 7370 6f72 s: mail-transpor\n+0003b5c0: 742d 6167 656e 740a 0a65 6e73 7572 696e t-agent..ensurin\n+0003b5d0: 6720 7468 6174 206f 6e6c 7920 6f6e 6520 g that only one \n+0003b5e0: 4d54 4120 6361 6e20 6265 2075 6e70 6163 MTA can be unpac\n+0003b5f0: 6b65 6420 6174 2061 6e79 206f 6e65 2074 ked at any one t\n+0003b600: 696d 652e 2020 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 650a ime. See *note.\n+0003b610: 5669 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 Virtual packages\n+0003b620: 202d 2050 726f 7669 6465 733a 2035 362e - Provides: 56.\n+0003b630: 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d for more inform\n+0003b640: 6174 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 7468 6973 ation about this\n+0003b650: 0a65 7861 6d70 6c65 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c .example.....Fil\n+0003b660: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n+0003b670: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5265 .info, Node: Re\n+0003b680: 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 6265 7477 lationships betw\n+0003b690: 6565 6e20 736f 7572 6365 2061 6e64 2062 een source and b\n+0003b6a0: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 202d inary packages -\n+0003b6b0: 2042 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 2042 Build-Depends B\n+0003b6c0: 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 2d49 6e64 uild-Depends-Ind\n+0003b6d0: 6570 2042 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 ep Build-Depends\n+0003b6e0: 2d41 7263 6820 4275 696c 642d 436f 6e66 -Arch Build-Conf\n+0003b6f0: 6c69 6374 7320 4275 696c 642d 436f 6e66 licts Build-Conf\n+0003b700: 6c69 6374 732d 496e 6465 7020 4275 696c licts-Indep Buil\n+0003b710: 642d 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 732d 4172 6368 d-Conflicts-Arch\n+0003b720: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2041 6464 6974 696f , Next: Additio\n+0003b730: 6e61 6c20 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 nal source packa\n+0003b740: 6765 7320 7573 6564 2074 6f20 6275 696c ges used to buil\n+0003b750: 6420 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 202d 2042 d the binary - B\n+0003b760: 7569 6c74 2d55 7369 6e67 2c20 2050 7265 uilt-Using, Pre\n+0003b770: 763a 204f 7665 7277 7269 7469 6e67 2066 v: Overwriting f\n+0003b780: 696c 6573 2061 6e64 2072 6570 6c61 6369 iles and replaci\n+0003b790: 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 5265 ng packages - Re\n+0003b7a0: 706c 6163 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2044 6563 places, Up: Dec\n+0003b7b0: 6c61 7269 6e67 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 laring relations\n+0003b7c0: 6869 7073 2062 6574 7765 656e 2070 6163 hips between pac\n+0003b7d0: 6b61 6765 730a 0a37 2e37 2052 656c 6174 kages..7.7 Relat\n+0003b7e0: 696f 6e73 6869 7073 2062 6574 7765 656e ionships between\n+0003b7f0: 2073 6f75 7263 6520 616e 6420 6269 6e61 source and bina\n+0003b800: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2d20 e280 ry packages - ..\n+0003b810: 9842 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 e280 .Build-Depends..\n+0003b820: 992c 20e2 8098 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 ., ...Build-Depe\n+0003b830: 6e64 732d 496e 6465 70e2 8099 2c20 e280 nds-Indep..., ..\n+0003b840: 9842 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 2d41 .Build-Depends-A\n+0003b850: 7263 68e2 8099 2c20 e280 9842 7569 6c64 rch..., ...Build\n+0003b860: 2d43 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 e280 992c 20e2 -Conflicts..., .\n+0003b870: 8098 4275 696c 642d 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 ..Build-Conflict\n+0003b880: 732d 496e 6465 70e2 8099 2c20 e280 9842 s-Indep..., ...B\n+0003b890: 7569 6c64 2d43 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 2d41 uild-Conflicts-A\n+0003b8a0: 7263 68e2 8099 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d rch....=========\n+0003b8b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003b8c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003b8d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003b8e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003b8f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003b900: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003b910: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003b920: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003b930: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n 0003b940: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003b950: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003b960: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0003b970: 3d3d 0a0a 4966 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 ==..If a package\n-0003b980: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 6120 6269 6e61 contains a bina\n-0003b990: 7279 206f 7220 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7768 ry or library wh\n-0003b9a0: 6963 6820 6c69 6e6b 7320 746f 2061 2073 ich links to a s\n-0003b9b0: 6861 7265 640a 6c69 6272 6172 792c 2077 hared.library, w\n-0003b9c0: 6520 6d75 7374 2065 6e73 7572 6520 7468 e must ensure th\n-0003b9d0: 6174 2c20 7768 656e 2074 6865 2070 6163 at, when the pac\n-0003b9e0: 6b61 6765 2069 7320 696e 7374 616c 6c65 kage is installe\n-0003b9f0: 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 0a73 7973 7465 6d2c d on the.system,\n-0003ba00: 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6272 all of the libr\n-0003ba10: 6172 6965 7320 6e65 6564 6564 2061 7265 aries needed are\n-0003ba20: 2061 6c73 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c65 642e also installed.\n-0003ba30: 2020 5468 6573 650a 6465 7065 6e64 656e These.dependen\n-0003ba40: 6369 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 6464 cies must be add\n-0003ba50: 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 ed to the binary\n-0003ba60: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6865 6e20 6974 package when it\n-0003ba70: 2069 7320 6275 696c 742c 2073 696e 6365 is built, since\n-0003ba80: 0a74 6865 7920 6d61 7920 6368 616e 6765 .they may change\n-0003ba90: 2062 6173 6564 206f 6e20 7768 6963 6820 based on which \n-0003baa0: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 2073 6861 version of a sha\n-0003bab0: 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7468 6520 red library the \n-0003bac0: 6269 6e61 7279 206f 720a 6c69 6272 6172 binary or.librar\n-0003bad0: 7920 7761 7320 6c69 6e6b 6564 2077 6974 y was linked wit\n-0003bae0: 6820 6576 656e 2069 6620 7468 6572 6520 h even if there \n-0003baf0: 6172 6520 6e6f 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2074 are no changes t\n-0003bb00: 6f20 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 206f 660a o the source of.\n-0003bb10: 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 2028 666f 7220 the binary (for \n-0003bb20: 6578 616d 706c 652c 2073 796d 626f 6c20 example, symbol \n-0003bb30: 7665 7273 696f 6e73 2063 6861 6e67 652c versions change,\n-0003bb40: 206d 6163 726f 7320 6265 636f 6d65 2066 macros become f\n-0003bb50: 756e 6374 696f 6e73 0a6f 7220 7669 6365 unctions.or vice\n-0003bb60: 2076 6572 7361 2c20 6f72 2074 6865 2062 versa, or the b\n-0003bb70: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 inary package ma\n-0003bb80: 7920 6465 7465 726d 696e 6520 6174 2063 y determine at c\n-0003bb90: 6f6d 7069 6c65 2d74 696d 650a 7768 6574 ompile-time.whet\n-0003bba0: 6865 7220 6e65 7720 6c69 6272 6172 7920 her new library \n-0003bbb0: 696e 7465 7266 6163 6573 2061 7265 2061 interfaces are a\n-0003bbc0: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 2063 616e vailable and can\n-0003bbd0: 2062 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 292e 2020 546f be called). 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Changi\n-0003ddc0: 6e67 2074 6865 2062 6568 6176 696f 7220 ng the behavior \n-0003ddd0: 6f66 2061 2073 796d 626f 6c20 6d61 7920 of a symbol may \n-0003dde0: 6f72 206d 6179 206e 6f74 2062 650a 6261 or may not be.ba\n-0003ddf0: 636b 7761 7264 2d63 6f6d 7061 7469 626c ckward-compatibl\n-0003de00: 6520 6465 7065 6e64 696e 6720 6f6e 2074 e depending on t\n-0003de10: 6865 2063 6861 6e67 653b 2066 6f72 2065 he change; for e\n-0003de20: 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6368 616e 6769 6e67 xample, changing\n-0003de30: 2061 0a66 756e 6374 696f 6e20 746f 2061 a.function to a\n-0003de40: 6363 6570 7420 6120 6e65 7720 656e 756d ccept a new enum\n-0003de50: 2063 6f6e 7374 616e 7420 6e6f 7420 7072 constant not pr\n-0003de60: 6576 696f 7573 6c79 2075 7365 6420 6279 eviously used by\n-0003de70: 2074 6865 0a6c 6962 7261 7279 2069 7320 the.library is \n-0003de80: 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c 7920 6261 636b 7761 generally backwa\n-0003de90: 7264 2d63 6f6d 7061 7469 626c 652c 2062 rd-compatible, b\n-0003dea0: 7574 2063 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 6520 ut changing the \n-0003deb0: 6d65 6d62 6572 7320 6f66 2061 0a73 7472 members of a.str\n-0003dec0: 7563 7420 7468 6174 2069 7320 7061 7373 uct that is pass\n-0003ded0: 6564 2069 6e74 6f20 6c69 6272 6172 7920 ed into library \n-0003dee0: 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 6973 2067 656e functions is gen\n-0003def0: 6572 616c 6c79 206e 6f74 2075 6e6c 6573 erally not unles\n-0003df00: 7320 7468 650a 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7461 s the.library ta\n-0003df10: 6b65 7320 7370 6563 6961 6c20 7072 6563 kes special prec\n-0003df20: 6175 7469 6f6e 7320 746f 2061 6363 6570 autions to accep\n-0003df30: 7420 6f6c 6420 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f t old versions o\n-0003df40: 6620 7468 6520 6461 7461 0a73 7472 7563 f the data.struc\n-0003df50: 7475 7265 2e0a 0a41 4249 2063 6861 6e67 ture...ABI chang\n-0003df60: 6573 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 es that are not \n-0003df70: 6261 636b 7761 7264 2d63 6f6d 7061 7469 backward-compati\n-0003df80: 626c 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2072 6571 ble normally req\n-0003df90: 7569 7265 2063 6861 6e67 696e 670a 7468 uire changing.th\n-0003dfa0: 6520 e280 9853 4f4e 414d 45e2 8099 206f e ...SONAME... o\n-0003dfb0: 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 616e f the library an\n-0003dfc0: 6420 7468 6572 6566 6f72 6520 7468 6520 d therefore the \n-0003dfd0: 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2070 shared library p\n-0003dfe0: 6163 6b61 6765 0a6e 616d 652c 2077 6869 ackage.name, whi\n-0003dff0: 6368 2066 6f72 6365 7320 7265 6275 696c ch forces rebuil\n-0003e000: 6469 6e67 2061 6c6c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 ding all package\n-0003e010: 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 6174 2073 6861 s using that sha\n-0003e020: 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 746f 0a75 red library to.u\n-0003e030: 7064 6174 6520 7468 6569 7220 6465 7065 pdate their depe\n-0003e040: 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2061 6e64 2061 6c6c ndencies and all\n-0003e050: 6f77 2074 6865 6d20 746f 2075 7365 2074 ow them to use t\n-0003e060: 6865 206e 6577 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f he new version o\n-0003e070: 6620 7468 650a 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 f the.shared lib\n-0003e080: 7261 7279 2e20 2046 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 rary. 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If the pack\n-0003e4e0: 6167 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2062 age maintainer b\n-0003e4f0: 656c 6965 7665 7320 7468 6174 2061 2073 elieves that a s\n-0003e500: 796d 626f 6c0a 6265 6861 7669 6f72 2063 ymbol.behavior c\n-0003e510: 6861 6e67 6520 636f 756c 6420 6861 7665 hange could have\n-0003e520: 206f 6363 7572 7265 6420 6275 7420 6973 occurred but is\n-0003e530: 6ee2 8099 7420 7375 7265 2c20 6974 e280 n...t sure, it..\n-0003e540: 9973 2073 6166 6572 2074 6f20 7570 6461 .s safer to upda\n-0003e550: 7465 0a74 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2072 te.the version r\n-0003e560: 6174 6865 7220 7468 616e 206c 6561 7665 ather than leave\n-0003e570: 2069 7420 756e 6d6f 6469 6669 6564 2e20 it unmodified. \n-0003e580: 2054 6869 7320 6d61 7920 7265 7375 6c74 This may result\n-0003e590: 2069 6e0a 756e 6e65 6365 7373 6172 696c in.unnecessaril\n-0003e5a0: 7920 7374 7269 6374 2064 6570 656e 6465 y strict depende\n-0003e5b0: 6e63 6965 732c 2062 7574 2069 7420 656e ncies, but it en\n-0003e5c0: 7375 7265 7320 7468 6174 2070 6163 6b61 sures that packa\n-0003e5d0: 6765 7320 7768 6f73 650a 6465 7065 6e64 ges whose.depend\n-0003e5e0: 656e 6369 6573 2061 7265 2073 6174 6973 encies are satis\n-0003e5f0: 6669 6564 2077 696c 6c20 776f 726b 2070 fied will work p\n-0003e600: 726f 7065 726c 792e 0a0a 4120 636f 6d6d roperly...A comm\n-0003e610: 6f6e 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 206f 6620 7768 on example of wh\n-0003e620: 656e 2061 2063 6861 6e67 6520 746f 2074 en a change to t\n-0003e630: 6865 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 7665 he dependency ve\n-0003e640: 7273 696f 6e20 6973 2072 6571 7569 7265 rsion is require\n-0003e650: 640a 6973 2061 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e20 d.is a function \n-0003e660: 7468 6174 2074 616b 6573 2061 6e20 656e that takes an en\n-0003e670: 756d 206f 7220 7374 7275 6374 2061 7267 um or struct arg\n-0003e680: 756d 656e 7420 7468 6174 2063 6f6e 7472 ument that contr\n-0003e690: 6f6c 7320 7768 6174 0a74 6865 2066 756e ols what.the fun\n-0003e6a0: 6374 696f 6e20 646f 6573 2e20 2046 6f72 ction does. 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Otherwise,\n-0003e830: 2061 2062 696e 6172 790a 6275 696c 7420 a binary.built \n-0003e840: 6167 6169 6e73 7420 7468 6520 6e65 7720 against the new \n-0003e850: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 206c version of the l\n-0003e860: 6962 7261 7279 2028 6861 7669 6e67 2064 ibrary (having d\n-0003e870: 6574 6563 7465 6420 6174 0a63 6f6d 7069 etected at.compi\n-0003e880: 6c65 2d74 696d 6520 7468 6174 2074 6865 le-time that the\n-0003e890: 206c 6962 7261 7279 2073 7570 706f 7274 library support\n-0003e8a0: 7320 e280 984f 505f 4241 5ae2 8099 2920 s ...OP_BAZ...) \n-0003e8b0: 6d61 7920 6265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 may be installed\n-0003e8c0: 2077 6974 6820 610a 7368 6172 6564 206c with a.shared l\n-0003e8d0: 6962 7261 7279 2074 6861 7420 646f 6573 ibrary that does\n-0003e8e0: 6ee2 8099 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 e280 n...t support ..\n-0003e8f0: 984f 505f 4241 5ae2 8099 2061 6e64 2077 .OP_BAZ... and w\n-0003e900: 696c 6c20 6661 696c 2061 7420 7275 6e74 ill fail at runt\n-0003e910: 696d 650a 7768 656e 2069 7420 7472 6965 ime.when it trie\n-0003e920: 7320 746f 2070 6173 7320 e280 984f 505f s to pass ...OP_\n-0003e930: 4241 5ae2 8099 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6973 BAZ... into this\n-0003e940: 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e2e 0a0a 4465 7065 function...Depe\n-0003e950: 6e64 656e 6379 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 ndency versions \n-0003e960: 696e 2065 6974 6865 7220 e280 9873 796d in either ...sym\n-0003e970: 626f 6c73 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 7368 bols... or ...sh\n-0003e980: 6c69 6273 e280 9920 6669 6c65 7320 6e6f libs... files no\n-0003e990: 726d 616c 6c79 0a73 686f 756c 6420 6e6f rmally.should no\n-0003e9a0: 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 7468 6520 4465 t contain the De\n-0003e9b0: 6269 616e 2072 6576 6973 696f 6e20 6f66 bian revision of\n-0003e9c0: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 7369 the package, si\n-0003e9d0: 6e63 6520 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 790a nce the library.\n-0003e9e0: 6265 6861 7669 6f72 2069 7320 6e6f 726d behavior is norm\n-0003e9f0: 616c 6c79 2066 6978 6564 2066 6f72 2061 ally fixed for a\n-0003ea00: 2070 6172 7469 6375 6c61 7220 7570 7374 particular upst\n-0003ea10: 7265 616d 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2061 6e64 ream version and\n-0003ea20: 2061 6e79 0a44 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b any.Debian pack\n-0003ea30: 6167 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6861 7420 7570 aging of that up\n-0003ea40: 7374 7265 616d 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2077 stream version w\n-0003ea50: 696c 6c20 6861 7665 2074 6865 2073 616d ill have the sam\n-0003ea60: 6520 6265 6861 7669 6f72 2e0a 496e 2074 e behavior..In t\n-0003ea70: 6865 2072 6172 6520 6361 7365 2074 6861 he rare case tha\n-0003ea80: 7420 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6265 t the library be\n-0003ea90: 6861 7669 6f72 2077 6173 2063 6861 6e67 havior was chang\n-0003eaa0: 6564 2069 6e20 6120 7061 7274 6963 756c ed in a particul\n-0003eab0: 6172 0a44 6562 6961 6e20 7265 7669 7369 ar.Debian revisi\n-0003eac0: 6f6e 2c20 6170 7065 6e64 696e 6720 e280 on, appending ..\n-0003ead0: 987e e280 9920 746f 2074 6865 2065 6e64 .~... to the end\n-0003eae0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 of the version \n-0003eaf0: 7468 6174 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 730a 7468 that includes.th\n-0003eb00: 6520 4465 6269 616e 2072 6576 6973 696f e Debian revisio\n-0003eb10: 6e20 6973 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 n is recommended\n-0003eb20: 2c20 7369 6e63 6520 7468 6973 2061 6c6c , since this all\n-0003eb30: 6f77 7320 6261 636b 706f 7274 7320 6f66 ows backports of\n-0003eb40: 2074 6865 0a73 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 the.shared libr\n-0003eb50: 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 7573 696e ary package usin\n-0003eb60: 6720 7468 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 2062 6163 g the normal bac\n-0003eb70: 6b70 6f72 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e69 6e67 kport versioning\n-0003eb80: 2063 6f6e 7665 6e74 696f 6e0a 746f 2073 convention.to s\n-0003eb90: 6174 6973 6679 2074 6865 2064 6570 656e atisfy the depen\n-0003eba0: 6465 6e63 792e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d dency... -----\n-0003ebb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n-0003ebc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n-0003ebd0: 3129 2041 6e20 6578 616d 706c 6520 6f66 1) An example of\n-0003ebe0: 2061 6e20 e280 9c75 6e72 6561 736f 6e61 an ...unreasona\n-0003ebf0: 626c 65e2 809d 2070 726f 6772 616d 2069 ble... program i\n-0003ec00: 7320 6f6e 6520 7468 6174 2075 7365 7320 s one that uses \n-0003ec10: 6c69 6272 6172 790a 696e 7465 7266 6163 library.interfac\n-0003ec20: 6573 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 646f 6375 es that are docu\n-0003ec30: 6d65 6e74 6564 2061 7320 696e 7465 726e mented as intern\n-0003ec40: 616c 2061 6e64 2075 6e73 7570 706f 7274 al and unsupport\n-0003ec50: 6564 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 6f6e 6c79 ed. If the only\n-0003ec60: 0a70 726f 6772 616d 7320 6f72 206c 6962 .programs or lib\n-0003ec70: 7261 7269 6573 2061 6666 6563 7465 6420 raries affected \n-0003ec80: 6279 2061 2063 6861 6e67 6520 6172 6520 by a change are \n-0003ec90: e280 9c75 6e72 6561 736f 6e61 626c 65e2 ...unreasonable.\n-0003eca0: 809d 206f 6e65 732c 0a6f 7468 6572 2074 .. ones,.other t\n-0003ecb0: 6563 686e 6971 7565 732c 2073 7563 6820 echniques, such \n-0003ecc0: 6173 2064 6563 6c61 7269 6e67 20e2 8098 as declaring ...\n-0003ecd0: 4272 6561 6b73 e280 9920 7265 6c61 7469 Breaks... relati\n-0003ece0: 6f6e 7368 6970 7320 7769 7468 2061 6666 onships with aff\n-0003ecf0: 6563 7465 640a 7061 636b 6167 6573 206f ected.packages o\n-0003ed00: 7220 7472 6561 7469 6e67 2074 6865 6972 r treating their\n-0003ed10: 2075 7361 6765 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 usage of the li\n-0003ed20: 6272 6172 7920 6173 2062 7567 7320 696e brary as bugs in\n-0003ed30: 2074 686f 7365 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 732c those.packages,\n-0003ed40: 206d 6179 2062 6520 6170 7072 6f70 7269 may be appropri\n-0003ed50: 6174 6520 696e 7374 6561 6420 6f66 2063 ate instead of c\n-0003ed60: 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 6520 534f 4e41 hanging the SONA\n-0003ed70: 4d45 2e20 486f 7765 7665 722c 0a74 6865 ME. However,.the\n-0003ed80: 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2061 7070 726f 6163 default approac\n-0003ed90: 6820 6973 2074 6f20 6368 616e 6765 2074 h is to change t\n-0003eda0: 6865 2053 4f4e 414d 4520 666f 7220 616e he SONAME for an\n-0003edb0: 7920 6368 616e 6765 2074 6f20 7468 6520 y change to the \n-0003edc0: 4142 490a 7468 6174 2063 6f75 6c64 2062 ABI.that could b\n-0003edd0: 7265 616b 2061 2070 726f 6772 616d 2e0a reak a program..\n-0003ede0: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n-0003edf0: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n-0003ee00: 6465 3a20 5468 6520 7379 6d62 6f6c 7320 de: The symbols \n-0003ee10: 7379 7374 656d 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2054 system, Next: T\n-0003ee20: 6865 2073 686c 6962 7320 7379 7374 656d he shlibs system\n-0003ee30: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2053 6861 7265 6420 , Prev: Shared \n-0003ee40: 6c69 6272 6172 7920 4142 4920 6368 616e library ABI chan\n-0003ee50: 6765 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4465 7065 6e64 ges, Up: Depend\n-0003ee60: 656e 6369 6573 2062 6574 7765 656e 2074 encies between t\n-0003ee70: 6865 206c 6962 7261 7279 2061 6e64 206f he library and o\n-0003ee80: 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a37 ther packages..7\n-0003ee90: 2e36 2e33 2054 6865 20e2 8098 7379 6d62 .6.3 The ...symb\n-0003eea0: 6f6c 73e2 8099 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2d2d ols... system.--\n-0003eeb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0003eec0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 496e 2074 6865 --------..In the\n-0003eed0: 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 2073 6563 7469 following secti\n-0003eee0: 6f6e 732c 2077 6520 7769 6c6c 2066 6972 ons, we will fir\n-0003eef0: 7374 2064 6573 6372 6962 6520 7768 6572 st describe wher\n-0003ef00: 6520 7468 6520 7661 7269 6f75 730a e280 e the various...\n-0003ef10: 9873 796d 626f 6c73 e280 9920 6669 6c65 .symbols... file\n-0003ef20: 7320 6172 6520 746f 2062 6520 666f 756e s are to be foun\n-0003ef30: 642c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9873 d, then the ...s\n-0003ef40: 796d 626f 6c73 e280 9920 6669 6c65 2066 ymbols... 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Curren\n-00040ef0: 746c 792c 2074 6865 206f 6e6c 7920 7375 tly, the only su\n-00040f00: 7070 6f72 7465 6420 6669 656c 642d 6e61 pported field-na\n-00040f10: 6d65 2069 730a e280 9842 7569 6c64 2d44 me is....Build-D\n-00040f20: 6570 656e 6473 2d50 6163 6b61 6765 e280 epends-Package..\n-00040f30: 992c 2077 686f 7365 2076 616c 7565 206c ., whose value l\n-00040f40: 6973 7473 2074 6865 202a 6e6f 7465 206c ists the *note l\n-00040f50: 6962 7261 7279 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 ibrary developme\n-00040f60: 6e74 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 3a20 6639 2e20 nt.package: f9. \n-00040f70: 6f6e 2077 6869 6368 2070 6163 6b61 6765 on which package\n-00040f80: 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 2073 6861 s using this sha\n-00040f90: 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6465 636c red library decl\n-00040fa0: 6172 6520 6120 6275 696c 640a 6465 7065 are a build.depe\n-00040fb0: 6e64 656e 6379 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6973 ndency. If this\n-00040fc0: 2066 6965 6c64 2069 7320 7072 6573 656e field is presen\n-00040fd0: 742c 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d73 686c 6962 t, ...dpkg-shlib\n-00040fe0: 6465 7073 e280 9920 7573 6573 2069 7420 deps... uses it \n-00040ff0: 746f 0a65 6e73 7572 6520 7468 6174 2074 to.ensure that t\n-00041000: 6865 2072 6573 756c 7469 6e67 2062 696e he resulting bin\n-00041010: 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 6465 7065 ary package depe\n-00041020: 6e64 656e 6379 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7368 ndency on the sh\n-00041030: 6172 6564 0a6c 6962 7261 7279 2069 7320 ared.library is \n-00041040: 6174 206c 6561 7374 2061 7320 7374 7269 at least as stri\n-00041050: 6374 2061 7320 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 ct as the source\n-00041060: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2064 6570 656e 6465 package depende\n-00041070: 6e63 7920 6f6e 2074 6865 0a73 6861 7265 ncy on the.share\n-00041080: 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6465 7665 6c6f d library develo\n-00041090: 706d 656e 7420 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 pment package. \n-000410a0: 2833 2920 2046 6f72 206f 7572 2065 7861 (3) For our exa\n-000410b0: 6d70 6c65 2c20 7468 6520 e280 987a 6c69 mple, the ...zli\n-000410c0: 6231 67e2 8099 0ae2 8098 7379 6d62 6f6c b1g.......symbol\n-000410d0: 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 776f 756c 6420 s... file would \n-000410e0: 636f 6e74 6169 6e3a 0a0a 2020 2020 202a contain:.. *\n-000410f0: 2042 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e 6473 2d50 Build-Depends-P\n-00041100: 6163 6b61 6765 3a20 7a6c 6962 3167 2d64 ackage: zlib1g-d\n-00041110: 6576 0a0a 416c 736f 2073 6565 20e2 8098 ev..Also see ...\n-00041120: 6465 622d 7379 6d62 6f6c 7328 3529 e280 deb-symbols(5)..\n-00041130: 992e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .... ---------\n-00041140: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n-00041150: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 ------.. (1) T\n-00041160: 6869 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2064 6574 6572 his can be deter\n-00041170: 6d69 6e65 6420 6279 2075 7369 6e67 2074 mined by using t\n-00041180: 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a0a 2020 2020 he command.. \n-00041190: 2072 6561 6465 6c66 202d 6420 2f75 7372 readelf -d /usr\n-000411a0: 2f6c 6962 2f6c 6962 7a2e 736f 2e31 2e32 /lib/libz.so.1.2\n-000411b0: 2e33 2e34 207c 2067 7265 7020 534f 4e41 .3.4 | grep SONA\n-000411c0: 4d45 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 2041 6e20 6578 ME.. (2) An ex\n-000411d0: 616d 706c 6520 6f66 2077 6865 7265 2074 ample of where t\n-000411e0: 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6265 206e 6565 6465 his may be neede\n-000411f0: 6420 6973 2077 6974 6820 6120 6c69 6272 d is with a libr\n-00041200: 6172 7920 7468 6174 0a69 6d70 6c65 6d65 ary that.impleme\n-00041210: 6e74 7320 7468 6520 6c69 6247 4c20 696e nts the libGL in\n-00041220: 7465 7266 6163 652e 2020 416c 6c20 474c terface. All GL\n-00041230: 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e73 implementations\n-00041240: 2070 726f 7669 6465 2074 6865 2073 616d provide the sam\n-00041250: 650a 7365 7420 6f66 2062 6173 6520 696e e.set of base in\n-00041260: 7465 7266 6163 6573 2c20 616e 6420 7468 terfaces, and th\n-00041270: 656e 206d 6179 2070 726f 7669 6465 2073 en may provide s\n-00041280: 6f6d 6520 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2069 ome additional i\n-00041290: 6e74 6572 6661 6365 730a 6f6e 6c79 2075 nterfaces.only u\n-000412a0: 7365 6420 6279 2070 726f 6772 616d 7320 sed by programs \n-000412b0: 7468 6174 2072 6571 7569 7265 2074 6861 that require tha\n-000412c0: 7420 7370 6563 6966 6963 2047 4c20 696d t specific GL im\n-000412d0: 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2e20 2053 plementation. S\n-000412e0: 6f2c 0a66 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 o,.for example, \n-000412f0: 6c69 6267 6c31 2d6d 6573 612d 676c 7820 libgl1-mesa-glx \n-00041300: 6d61 7920 7573 6520 7468 6520 666f 6c6c may use the foll\n-00041310: 6f77 696e 6720 e280 9873 796d 626f 6c73 owing ...symbols\n-00041320: e280 9920 6669 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 ... file:.. \n-00041330: 6c69 6247 4c2e 736f 2e31 206c 6962 676c libGL.so.1 libgl\n-00041340: 310a 2020 2020 2020 7c20 6c69 6267 6c31 1. | libgl1\n-00041350: 2d6d 6573 612d 676c 7820 234d 494e 5645 -mesa-glx #MINVE\n-00041360: 5223 0a20 2020 2020 2070 7562 6c69 6347 R#. publicG\n-00041370: 6c53 796d 626f 6c40 4261 7365 2036 2e33 lSymbol@Base 6.3\n-00041380: 2d31 205b 2e2e 2e5d 0a20 2020 2020 2069 -1 [...]. i\n-00041390: 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e53 7065 mplementationSpe\n-000413a0: 6369 6669 6353 796d 626f 6c40 4261 7365 cificSymbol@Base\n-000413b0: 2036 2e35 2e32 2d37 2031 0a20 2020 2020 6.5.2-7 1. \n-000413c0: 205b 2e2e 2e5d 0a0a 4269 6e61 7269 6573 [...]..Binaries\n-000413d0: 206f 7220 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 or shared libra\n-000413e0: 7269 6573 2075 7369 6e67 206f 6e6c 7920 ries using only \n-000413f0: e280 9870 7562 6c69 6347 6c53 796d 626f ...publicGlSymbo\n-00041400: 6ce2 8099 2077 6f75 6c64 2064 6570 656e l... would depen\n-00041410: 640a 6f6e 6c79 206f 6e20 e280 986c 6962 d.only on ...lib\n-00041420: 676c 31e2 8099 2028 7768 6963 6820 6d61 gl1... 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(1)..Pack\n-00041a50: 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 7072 6f76 6964 ages that provid\n-00041a60: 6520 e280 9873 796d 626f 6c73 e280 9920 e ...symbols... \n-00041a70: 6669 6c65 7320 6d75 7374 206b 6565 7020 files must keep \n-00041a80: 7468 656d 2075 702d 746f 2d64 6174 6520 them up-to-date \n-00041a90: 746f 0a65 6e73 7572 6520 636f 7272 6563 to.ensure correc\n-00041aa0: 7420 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2069 t dependencies i\n-00041ab0: 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 n packages that \n-00041ac0: 7573 6520 7468 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c use the shared l\n-00041ad0: 6962 7261 7269 6573 2e0a 5468 6973 206d ibraries..This m\n-00041ae0: 6561 6e73 2075 7064 6174 696e 6720 7468 eans updating th\n-00041af0: 6520 e280 9873 796d 626f 6c73 e280 9920 e ...symbols... \n-00041b00: 6669 6c65 2077 6865 6e65 7665 7220 6120 file whenever a \n-00041b10: 6e65 7720 7075 626c 6963 2073 796d 626f new public symbo\n-00041b20: 6c20 6973 0a61 6464 6564 2c20 6368 616e l is.added, chan\n-00041b30: 6769 6e67 2074 6865 206d 696e 696d 616c ging the minimal\n-00041b40: 2d76 6572 7369 6f6e 2066 6965 6c64 2077 -version field w\n-00041b50: 6865 6e65 7665 7220 6120 7379 6d62 6f6c henever a symbol\n-00041b60: 2063 6861 6e67 6573 0a62 6568 6176 696f changes.behavio\n-00041b70: 7220 6f72 2073 6967 6e61 7475 7265 2069 r or signature i\n-00041b80: 6e20 6120 6261 636b 7761 7264 2d63 6f6d n a backward-com\n-00041b90: 7061 7469 626c 6520 7761 7920 2873 6565 patible way (see\n-00041ba0: 202a 6e6f 7465 2053 6861 7265 640a 6c69 *note Shared.li\n-00041bb0: 6272 6172 7920 4142 4920 6368 616e 6765 brary ABI change\n-00041bc0: 733a 2031 3030 2e29 2c20 616e 6420 6368 s: 100.), and ch\n-00041bd0: 616e 6769 6e67 2074 6865 206c 6962 7261 anging the libra\n-00041be0: 7279 2d73 6f6e 616d 6520 616e 640a 6d61 ry-soname and.ma\n-00041bf0: 696e 2d64 6570 656e 6465 6e63 792d 7465 in-dependency-te\n-00041c00: 6d70 6c61 7465 2c20 616e 6420 7072 6f62 mplate, and prob\n-00041c10: 6162 6c79 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 6520 ably all of the \n-00041c20: 6d69 6e69 6d61 6c2d 7665 7273 696f 6e0a minimal-version.\n-00041c30: 6669 656c 6473 2c20 7768 656e 2074 6865 fields, when the\n-00041c40: 206c 6962 7261 7279 2063 6861 6e67 6573 library changes\n-00041c50: 20e2 8098 534f 4e41 4d45 e280 992e 2020 ...SONAME.... \n-00041c60: 5265 6d6f 7669 6e67 2061 2070 7562 6c69 Removing a publi\n-00041c70: 6320 7379 6d62 6f6c 0a66 726f 6d20 7468 c symbol.from th\n-00041c80: 6520 e280 9873 796d 626f 6c73 e280 9920 e ...symbols... \n-00041c90: 6669 6c65 2062 6563 6175 7365 2069 74e2 file because it.\n-00041ca0: 8099 7320 6e6f 206c 6f6e 6765 7220 7072 ..s no longer pr\n-00041cb0: 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 6c69 ovided by the li\n-00041cc0: 6272 6172 790a 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2072 brary.normally r\n-00041cd0: 6571 7569 7265 7320 6368 616e 6769 6e67 equires changing\n-00041ce0: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 534f 4e41 4d45 e280 the ...SONAME..\n-00041cf0: 9920 6f66 2074 6865 206c 6962 7261 7279 . of the library\n-00041d00: 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 0a52 756e . See *note.Run\n-00041d10: 2d74 696d 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 -time shared lib\n-00041d20: 7261 7269 6573 3a20 6565 2e20 666f 7220 raries: ee. for \n-00041d30: 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e more information\n-00041d40: 206f 6e20 e280 9853 4f4e 414d 45e2 8099 on ...SONAME...\n-00041d50: 732e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d s... ---------\n-00041d60: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n-00041d70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2049 ------.. (1) I\n-00041d80: 6620 796f 7520 6172 6520 7573 696e 6720 f you are using \n-00041d90: e280 9864 6562 6865 6c70 6572 e280 992c ...debhelper...,\n-00041da0: 20e2 8098 6468 5f6d 616b 6573 686c 6962 ...dh_makeshlib\n-00041db0: 73e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 7461 6b65 2063 s... will take c\n-00041dc0: 6172 6520 6f66 0a63 616c 6c69 6e67 2065 are of.calling e\n-00041dd0: 6974 6865 7220 e280 9864 706b 672d 6765 ither ...dpkg-ge\n-00041de0: 6e73 796d 626f 6c73 e280 9920 6f72 2067 nsymbols... or g\n-00041df0: 656e 6572 6174 696e 6720 6120 e280 9873 enerating a ...s\n-00041e00: 686c 6962 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 6173 hlibs... file as\n-00041e10: 0a61 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2e0a 0a1f .appropriate....\n-00041e20: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n-00041e30: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n-00041e40: 3a20 5468 6520 7368 6c69 6273 2073 7973 : The shlibs sys\n-00041e50: 7465 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5468 6520 tem, Prev: The \n-00041e60: 7379 6d62 6f6c 7320 7379 7374 656d 2c20 symbols system, \n-00041e70: 2055 703a 2044 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 Up: Dependencie\n-00041e80: 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7468 6520 6c69 s between the li\n-00041e90: 6272 6172 7920 616e 6420 6f74 6865 7220 brary and other \n-00041ea0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 372e 362e 3420 packages..7.6.4 \n-00041eb0: 5468 6520 e280 9873 686c 6962 73e2 8099 The ...shlibs...\n-00041ec0: 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d system.--------\n-00041ed0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00041ee0: 2d0a 0a54 6865 20e2 8098 7368 6c69 6273 -..The ...shlibs\n-00041ef0: e280 9920 7379 7374 656d 2069 7320 6120 ... system is a \n-00041f00: 7369 6d70 6c65 7220 616c 7465 726e 6174 simpler alternat\n-00041f10: 6976 6520 746f 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7379 ive to the ...sy\n-00041f20: 6d62 6f6c 73e2 8099 2073 7973 7465 6d20 mbols... system \n-00041f30: 666f 720a 6465 636c 6172 696e 6720 6465 for.declaring de\n-00041f40: 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2066 6f72 2073 pendencies for s\n-00041f50: 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 6965 732e hared libraries.\n-00041f60: 2020 4974 206d 6179 2062 6520 6d6f 7265 It may be more\n-00041f70: 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 0a66 6f72 appropriate.for\n-00041f80: 2043 2b2b 206c 6962 7261 7269 6573 2061 C++ libraries a\n-00041f90: 6e64 206f 7468 6572 2063 6173 6573 2077 nd other cases w\n-00041fa0: 6865 7265 2074 7261 636b 696e 6720 696e here tracking in\n-00041fb0: 6469 7669 6475 616c 2073 796d 626f 6c73 dividual symbols\n-00041fc0: 2069 730a 746f 6f20 6469 6666 6963 756c is.too difficul\n-00041fd0: 742e 2020 4974 2070 7265 6461 7465 6420 t. It predated \n-00041fe0: 7468 6520 e280 9873 796d 626f 6c73 e280 the ...symbols..\n-00041ff0: 9920 7379 7374 656d 2061 6e64 2069 7320 . system and is \n-00042000: 7468 6572 6566 6f72 650a 6672 6571 7565 therefore.freque\n-00042010: 6e74 6c79 2073 6565 6e20 696e 206f 6c64 ntly seen in old\n-00042020: 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e 2020 4974 er packages. It\n-00042030: 2069 7320 616c 736f 2072 6571 7569 7265 is also require\n-00042040: 6420 666f 7220 7564 6562 732c 2077 6869 d for udebs, whi\n-00042050: 6368 0a64 6f20 6e6f 7420 7375 7070 6f72 ch.do not suppor\n-00042060: 7420 e280 9873 796d 626f 6c73 e280 992e t ...symbols....\n-00042070: 0a0a 496e 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 ..In the followi\n-00042080: 6e67 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 732c 2077 6520 ng sections, we \n-00042090: 7769 6c6c 2066 6972 7374 2064 6573 6372 will first descr\n-000420a0: 6962 6520 7768 6572 6520 7468 6520 7661 ibe where the va\n-000420b0: 7269 6f75 730a e280 9873 686c 6962 73e2 rious....shlibs.\n-000420c0: 8099 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 2074 6f20 .. files are to \n-000420d0: 6265 2066 6f75 6e64 2c20 7468 656e 2068 be found, then h\n-000420e0: 6f77 2074 6f20 7573 6520 e280 9864 706b ow to use ...dpk\n-000420f0: 672d 7368 6c69 6264 6570 73e2 8099 2c20 g-shlibdeps..., \n-00042100: 616e 640a 6669 6e61 6c6c 7920 7468 6520 and.finally the \n-00042110: e280 9873 686c 6962 73e2 8099 2066 696c ...shlibs... fil\n-00042120: 6520 666f 726d 6174 2061 6e64 2068 6f77 e format and how\n-00042130: 2074 6f20 6372 6561 7465 2074 6865 6d2e to create them.\n-00042140: 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2054 6865 ..* Menu:..* The\n-00042150: 2073 686c 6962 7320 6669 6c65 7320 7072 shlibs files pr\n-00042160: 6573 656e 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 7973 esent on the sys\n-00042170: 7465 6d3a 3a0a 2a20 5468 6520 7368 6c69 tem::.* The shli\n-00042180: 6273 2046 696c 6520 466f 726d 6174 3a3a bs File Format::\n-00042190: 0a2a 2050 726f 7669 6469 6e67 2061 2073 .* Providing a s\n-000421a0: 686c 6962 7320 6669 6c65 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a hlibs file::....\n-000421b0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-000421c0: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-000421d0: 2054 6865 2073 686c 6962 7320 6669 6c65 The shlibs file\n-000421e0: 7320 7072 6573 656e 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 s present on the\n-000421f0: 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 system, Next: \n-00042200: 5468 6520 7368 6c69 6273 2046 696c 6520 The shlibs File \n-00042210: 466f 726d 6174 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6865 Format, Up: The\n-00042220: 2073 686c 6962 7320 7379 7374 656d 0a0a shlibs system..\n-00042230: 372e 362e 342e 3120 5468 6520 e280 9873 7.6.4.1 The ...s\n-00042240: 686c 6962 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6573 2070 hlibs... files p\n-00042250: 7265 7365 6e74 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7379 resent on the sy\n-00042260: 7374 656d 0a2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e stem............\n-00042270: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n-00042280: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n-00042290: 2e2e 2e2e 2e0a 0a54 6865 7265 2061 7265 .......There are\n-000422a0: 2073 6576 6572 616c 2070 6c61 6365 7320 several places \n-000422b0: 7768 6572 6520 e280 9873 686c 6962 73e2 where ...shlibs.\n-000422c0: 8099 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 2066 6f75 .. files are fou\n-000422d0: 6e64 2e20 2054 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 nd. The followi\n-000422e0: 6e67 0a6c 6973 7420 6769 7665 7320 7468 ng.list gives th\n-000422f0: 656d 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6f72 6465 7220 em in the order \n-00042300: 696e 2077 6869 6368 2074 6865 7920 6172 in which they ar\n-00042310: 6520 7265 6164 2062 7920 e280 9864 706b e read by ...dpk\n-00042320: 672d 7368 6c69 6264 6570 73e2 8099 2e0a g-shlibdeps.....\n-00042330: 2854 6865 2066 6972 7374 206f 6e65 2077 (The first one w\n-00042340: 6869 6368 2067 6976 6573 2074 6865 2072 hich gives the r\n-00042350: 6571 7569 7265 6420 696e 666f 726d 6174 equired informat\n-00042360: 696f 6e20 6973 2075 7365 642e 290a 0ae2 ion is used.)...\n-00042370: 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f73 686c 6962 732e ..debian/shlibs.\n-00042380: 6c6f 6361 6ce2 8099 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 local..... T\n-00042390: 6869 7320 6c69 7374 7320 6f76 6572 7269 his lists overri\n-000423a0: 6465 7320 666f 7220 7468 6973 2070 6163 des for this pac\n-000423b0: 6b61 6765 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6669 6c65 kage. 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The \n-000429c0: 6c61 7474 6572 206f 7665 7272 6964 6573 latter overrides\n-000429d0: 2061 6e79 206f 7468 6572 0ae2 8098 7368 any other....sh\n-000429e0: 6c69 6273 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 7379 libs... or ...sy\n-000429f0: 6d62 6f6c 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6573 2e0a mbols... files..\n-00042a00: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n-00042a10: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n-00042a20: 6465 3a20 5468 6520 7368 6c69 6273 2046 de: The shlibs F\n-00042a30: 696c 6520 466f 726d 6174 2c20 204e 6578 ile Format, Nex\n-00042a40: 743a 2050 726f 7669 6469 6e67 2061 2073 t: Providing a s\n-00042a50: 686c 6962 7320 6669 6c65 2c20 2050 7265 hlibs file, Pre\n-00042a60: 763a 2054 6865 2073 686c 6962 7320 6669 v: The shlibs fi\n-00042a70: 6c65 7320 7072 6573 656e 7420 6f6e 2074 les present on t\n-00042a80: 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d2c 2020 5570 3a20 he system, Up: \n-00042a90: 5468 6520 7368 6c69 6273 2073 7973 7465 The shlibs syste\n-00042aa0: 6d0a 0a37 2e36 2e34 2e32 2054 6865 20e2 m..7.6.4.2 The .\n-00042ab0: 8098 7368 6c69 6273 e280 9920 4669 6c65 ..shlibs... File\n-00042ac0: 2046 6f72 6d61 740a 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e Format.........\n-00042ad0: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n-00042ae0: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 0a0a 4561 6368 20e2 ..........Each .\n-00042af0: 8098 7368 6c69 6273 e280 9920 6669 6c65 ..shlibs... file\n-00042b00: 2068 6173 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 666f has the same fo\n-00042b10: 726d 6174 2e20 204c 696e 6573 2062 6567 rmat. Lines beg\n-00042b20: 696e 6e69 6e67 2077 6974 6820 e280 9823 inning with ...#\n-00042b30: e280 9920 6172 650a 636f 6e73 6964 6572 ... are.consider\n-00042b40: 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2063 6f6d 6d65 6e74 ed to be comment\n-00042b50: 7320 616e 6420 6172 6520 6967 6e6f 7265 s and are ignore\n-00042b60: 642e 2020 4561 6368 206c 696e 6520 6973 d. Each line is\n-00042b70: 206f 6620 7468 6520 666f 726d 3a0a 0a20 of the form:.. \n-00042b80: 2020 2020 5b74 7970 653a 205d 6c69 6272 [type: ]libr\n-00042b90: 6172 792d 6e61 6d65 2073 6f6e 616d 652d ary-name soname-\n-00042ba0: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6465 7065 6e64 656e version dependen\n-00042bb0: 6369 6573 202e 2e2e 0a0a 5765 2077 696c cies .....We wil\n-00042bc0: 6c20 6578 706c 6169 6e20 7468 6973 2062 l explain this b\n-00042bd0: 7920 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6520 746f 2074 y reference to t\n-00042be0: 6865 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 206f 6620 7468 he example of th\n-00042bf0: 6520 e280 987a 6c69 6231 67e2 8099 0a70 e ...zlib1g....p\n-00042c00: 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 7768 6963 6820 2861 ackage, which (a\n-00042c10: 7420 7468 6520 7469 6d65 206f 6620 7772 t the time of wr\n-00042c20: 6974 696e 6729 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 7320 iting) installs \n-00042c30: 7468 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 the shared libra\n-00042c40: 7279 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f6c ry..../usr/lib/l\n-00042c50: 6962 7a2e 736f 2e31 2e32 2e33 2e34 e280 ibz.so.1.2.3.4..\n-00042c60: 992e 0a0a e280 9874 7970 65e2 8099 2069 .......type... i\n-00042c70: 7320 616e 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c20 656c s an optional el\n-00042c80: 656d 656e 7420 7468 6174 2069 6e64 6963 ement that indic\n-00042c90: 6174 6573 2074 6865 2074 7970 6520 6f66 ates the type of\n-00042ca0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2066 6f72 0a77 6869 package for.whi\n-00042cb0: 6368 2074 6865 206c 696e 6520 6973 2076 ch the line is v\n-00042cc0: 616c 6964 2e20 2054 6865 206f 6e6c 7920 alid. The only \n-00042cd0: 7479 7065 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2069 type currently i\n-00042ce0: 6e20 7573 6520 6973 20e2 8098 7564 6562 n use is ...udeb\n-00042cf0: e280 992e 2020 5468 650a 636f 6c6f 6e20 .... The.colon \n-00042d00: 616e 6420 7370 6163 6520 6166 7465 7220 and space after \n-00042d10: 7468 6520 7479 7065 2061 7265 2072 6571 the type are req\n-00042d20: 7569 7265 642e 0a0a e280 986c 6962 7261 uired......libra\n-00042d30: 7279 2d6e 616d 65e2 8099 2069 7320 7468 ry-name... is th\n-00042d40: 6520 6e61 6d65 206f 6620 7468 6520 7368 e name of the sh\n-00042d50: 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2c20 696e ared library, in\n-00042d60: 2074 6869 7320 6361 7365 20e2 8098 6c69 this case ...li\n-00042d70: 627a e280 992e 0a28 5468 6973 206d 7573 bz.....(This mus\n-00042d80: 7420 6d61 7463 6820 7468 6520 6e61 6d65 t match the name\n-00042d90: 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6f6e part of the son\n-00042da0: 616d 652c 2073 6565 2062 656c 6f77 2e29 ame, see below.)\n-00042db0: 0a0a e280 9873 6f6e 616d 652d 7665 7273 .....soname-vers\n-00042dc0: 696f 6ee2 8099 2069 7320 7468 6520 7665 ion... is the ve\n-00042dd0: 7273 696f 6e20 7061 7274 206f 6620 7468 rsion part of th\n-00042de0: 6520 454c 4620 e280 9853 4f4e 414d 45e2 e ELF ...SONAME.\n-00042df0: 8099 2061 7474 7269 6275 7465 206f 660a .. attribute of.\n-00042e00: 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 792c 2064 6574 the library, det\n-00042e10: 6572 6d69 6e65 6420 7468 6520 7361 6d65 ermined the same\n-00042e20: 2077 6179 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 736f way that the so\n-00042e30: 7665 7273 696f 6e20 636f 6d70 6f6e 656e version componen\n-00042e40: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 0a72 6563 6f6d 6d65 t of the.recomme\n-00042e50: 6e64 6564 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 nded shared libr\n-00042e60: 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 6e61 6d65 ary package name\n-00042e70: 2069 7320 6465 7465 726d 696e 6564 2e20 is determined. \n-00042e80: 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 0a52 756e 2d74 See *note.Run-t\n-00042e90: 696d 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 ime shared libra\n-00042ea0: 7269 6573 3a20 6565 2e20 666f 7220 7468 ries: ee. for th\n-00042eb0: 6520 6465 7461 696c 732e 0a0a e280 9864 e details......d\n-00042ec0: 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 73e2 8099 2068 ependencies... h\n-00042ed0: 6173 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7379 6e74 as the same synt\n-00042ee0: 6178 2061 7320 6120 6465 7065 6e64 656e ax as a dependen\n-00042ef0: 6379 2066 6965 6c64 2069 6e20 6120 6269 cy field in a bi\n-00042f00: 6e61 7279 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2063 6f6e nary.package con\n-00042f10: 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 652e 2020 4974 2073 trol file. It s\n-00042f20: 686f 756c 6420 6769 7665 2064 6574 6169 hould give detai\n-00042f30: 6c73 206f 6620 7768 6963 6820 7061 636b ls of which pack\n-00042f40: 6167 6573 2061 7265 0a72 6571 7569 7265 ages are.require\n-00042f50: 6420 746f 2073 6174 6973 6679 2061 2062 d to satisfy a b\n-00042f60: 696e 6172 7920 6275 696c 7420 6167 6169 inary built agai\n-00042f70: 6e73 7420 7468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 nst the version \n-00042f80: 6f66 2074 6865 206c 6962 7261 7279 0a63 of the library.c\n-00042f90: 6f6e 7461 696e 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 ontained in the \n-00042fa0: 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 5365 6520 2a6e package. See *n\n-00042fb0: 6f74 6520 5379 6e74 6178 206f 6620 7265 ote Syntax of re\n-00042fc0: 6c61 7469 6f6e 7368 6970 2066 6965 6c64 lationship field\n-00042fd0: 733a 2064 632e 0a66 6f72 2064 6574 6169 s: dc..for detai\n-00042fe0: 6c73 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7379 6e74 6178 ls on the syntax\n-00042ff0: 2c20 616e 6420 2a6e 6f74 6520 5368 6172 , and *note Shar\n-00043000: 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2041 4249 2063 ed library ABI c\n-00043010: 6861 6e67 6573 3a20 3130 302e 0a66 6f72 hanges: 100..for\n-00043020: 2064 6574 6169 6c73 206f 6e20 686f 7720 details on how \n-00043030: 746f 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e20 7468 6520 to maintain the \n-00043040: 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 2076 6572 7369 dependency versi\n-00043050: 6f6e 2063 6f6e 7374 7261 696e 742e 0a0a on constraint...\n-00043060: 496e 206f 7572 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 In our example, \n-00043070: 6966 2074 6865 206c 6173 7420 6368 616e if the last chan\n-00043080: 6765 2074 6f20 7468 6520 e280 987a 6c69 ge to the ...zli\n-00043090: 6231 67e2 8099 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736f 2062 6520 e.would also be \n-00043270: 6120 7365 636f 6e64 206c 696e 653a 0a0a a second line:..\n-00043280: 2020 2020 2075 6465 623a 206c 6962 7a20 udeb: libz \n-00043290: 3120 7a6c 6962 3167 2d75 6465 6220 283e 1 zlib1g-udeb (>\n-000432a0: 3d20 313a 312e 322e 332e 332e 6466 7367 = 1:1.2.3.3.dfsg\n-000432b0: 290a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 )....File: debia\n-000432c0: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 n-policy.info, \n-000432d0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 5072 6f76 6964 696e 6720 Node: Providing \n-000432e0: 6120 7368 6c69 6273 2066 696c 652c 2020 a shlibs file, \n-000432f0: 5072 6576 3a20 5468 6520 7368 6c69 6273 Prev: The shlibs\n-00043300: 2046 696c 6520 466f 726d 6174 2c20 2055 File Format, U\n-00043310: 703a 2054 6865 2073 686c 6962 7320 7379 p: The shlibs sy\n-00043320: 7374 656d 0a0a 372e 362e 342e 3320 5072 stem..7.6.4.3 Pr\n-00043330: 6f76 6964 696e 6720 6120 e280 9873 686c oviding a ...shl\n-00043340: 6962 73e2 8099 2066 696c 650a 2e2e 2e2e ibs... file.....\n-00043350: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n-00043360: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e0a 0a54 ...............T\n-00043370: 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6520 6120 e280 9873 o provide a ...s\n-00043380: 686c 6962 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 666f hlibs... file fo\n-00043390: 7220 6120 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 r a shared libra\n-000433a0: 7279 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 ry binary packag\n-000433b0: 652c 2063 7265 6174 6520 610a e280 9873 e, create a....s\n-000433c0: 686c 6962 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 666f hlibs... file fo\n-000433d0: 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7468 6520 666f 726d llowing the form\n-000433e0: 6174 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 2061 626f at described abo\n-000433f0: 7665 2061 6e64 2070 6c61 6365 2069 7420 ve and place it \n-00043400: 696e 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 4445 4249 414e in the....DEBIAN\n-00043410: e280 9920 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 666f ... directory fo\n-00043420: 7220 7468 6174 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2064 r that package d\n-00043430: 7572 696e 6720 7468 6520 6275 696c 642e uring the build.\n-00043440: 2020 4974 2077 696c 6c20 7468 656e 2062 It will then b\n-00043450: 650a 696e 636c 7564 6564 2061 7320 6120 e.included as a \n-00043460: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 2066 6f72 control file for\n-00043470: 2074 6861 7420 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 that package. \n-00043480: 2831 290a 0a53 696e 6365 20e2 8098 6470 (1)..Since ...dp\n-00043490: 6b67 2d73 686c 6962 6465 7073 e280 9920 kg-shlibdeps... \n-000434a0: 7265 6164 7320 7468 6520 e280 9844 4542 reads the ...DEB\n-000434b0: 4941 4e2f 7368 6c69 6273 e280 9920 6669 IAN/shlibs... fi\n-000434c0: 6c65 7320 696e 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 les in all of th\n-000434d0: 650a 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e.binary package\n-000434e0: 7320 6265 696e 6720 6275 696c 7420 6672 s being built fr\n-000434f0: 6f6d 2074 6869 7320 736f 7572 6365 2070 om this source p\n-00043500: 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 ackage, all of t\n-00043510: 6865 0ae2 8098 4445 4249 414e 2f73 686c he....DEBIAN/shl\n-00043520: 6962 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6573 2073 686f ibs... files sho\n-00043530: 756c 6420 6265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 uld be installed\n-00043540: 2062 6566 6f72 6520 e280 9864 706b 672d before ...dpkg-\n-00043550: 7368 6c69 6264 6570 73e2 8099 2069 730a shlibdeps... is.\n-00043560: 6361 6c6c 6564 206f 6e20 616e 7920 6f66 called on any of\n-00043570: 2074 6865 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b the binary pack\n-00043580: 6167 6573 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ages... ------\n-00043590: 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d ---- Footnotes -\n-000435a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 ---------.. 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They sh\n-000493a0: 6f75 6c64 2075 7365 0ae2 8098 696e 766f ould use....invo\n-000493b0: 6b65 2d72 632e 64e2 8099 2061 7320 6465 ke-rc.d... as de\n-000493c0: 7363 7269 6265 6420 6265 6c6f 7720 746f scribed below to\n-000493d0: 2069 6e76 6f6b 6520 696e 6974 2073 6372 invoke init scr\n-000493e0: 6970 7473 2066 6f72 2072 6571 7565 7374 ipts for request\n-000493f0: 730a 7375 6368 2061 7320 7374 6172 7469 s.such as starti\n-00049400: 6e67 2061 6e64 2073 746f 7070 696e 6720 ng and stopping \n-00049410: 7365 7276 6963 652e 0a0a 4469 7265 6374 service...Direct\n-00049420: 6c79 206d 616e 6167 696e 6720 7468 6520 ly managing the \n-00049430: e280 982f 6574 632f 7263 3f2e 64e2 8099 .../etc/rc?.d...\n-00049440: 206c 696e 6b73 2061 6e64 2064 6972 6563 links and direc\n-00049450: 746c 7920 696e 766f 6b69 6e67 2074 6865 tly invoking the\n-00049460: 0ae2 8098 2f65 7463 2f69 6e69 742e 642f ..../etc/init.d/\n-00049470: e280 9920 696e 6974 2073 6372 6970 7473 ... init scripts\n-00049480: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 should be done \n-00049490: 6f6e 6c79 2062 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 only by packages\n-000494a0: 2070 726f 7669 6469 6e67 0a74 6865 2069 providing.the i\n-000494b0: 6e69 7420 7363 7269 7074 2073 7562 7379 nit script subsy\n-000494c0: 7374 656d 2028 7375 6368 2061 7320 e280 stem (such as ..\n-000494d0: 9869 6e69 742d 7379 7374 656d 2d68 656c .init-system-hel\n-000494e0: 7065 7273 e280 9929 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e pers...)...* Men\n-000494f0: 753a 0a0a 2a20 4d61 6e61 6769 6e67 2074 u:..* Managing t\n-00049500: 6865 206c 696e 6b73 3a3a 0a2a 2052 756e he links::.* Run\n-00049510: 6e69 6e67 2069 6e69 7420 7363 7269 7074 ning init script\n-00049520: 733a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 s::....File: deb\n-00049530: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n-00049540: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d61 6e61 6769 6e67 Node: Managing\n-00049550: 2074 6865 206c 696e 6b73 2c20 204e 6578 the links, Nex\n-00049560: 743a 2052 756e 6e69 6e67 2069 6e69 7420 t: Running init \n-00049570: 7363 7269 7074 732c 2020 5570 3a20 496e scripts, Up: In\n-00049580: 7465 7266 6163 696e 6720 7769 7468 2069 terfacing with i\n-00049590: 6e69 7420 7379 7374 656d 730a 0a38 2e33 nit systems..8.3\n-000495a0: 2e33 2e31 204d 616e 6167 696e 6720 7468 .3.1 Managing th\n-000495b0: 6520 6c69 6e6b 730a 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e e links.........\n-000495c0: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n-000495d0: 2e2e 0a0a 5468 6520 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 ....The program \n-000495e0: e280 9875 7064 6174 652d 7263 2e64 e280 ...update-rc.d..\n-000495f0: 9920 6973 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 666f . is provided fo\n-00049600: 7220 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 696e 7461 r package mainta\n-00049610: 696e 6572 7320 746f 2061 7272 616e 6765 iners to arrange\n-00049620: 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 2070 726f 7065 7220 .for the proper \n-00049630: 6372 6561 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 2072 656d creation and rem\n-00049640: 6f76 616c 206f 6620 e280 982f 6574 632f oval of .../etc/\n-00049650: 7263 6e2e 64e2 8099 2073 796d 626f 6c69 rcn.d... symboli\n-00049660: 6320 6c69 6e6b 732c 206f 720a 7468 6569 c links, or.thei\n-00049670: 7220 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 616c 2065 7175 r functional equ\n-00049680: 6976 616c 656e 7420 6966 2061 6e6f 7468 ivalent if anoth\n-00049690: 6572 206d 6574 686f 6420 6973 2062 6569 er method is bei\n-000496a0: 6e67 2075 7365 642e 2020 4974 2069 730a ng used. It is.\n-000496b0: 696e 7465 6e64 6564 2066 6f72 2075 7365 intended for use\n-000496c0: 2069 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 696e in package main\n-000496d0: 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2e0a tainer scripts..\n-000496e0: 0a59 6f75 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 696e .You must not in\n-000496f0: 636c 7564 6520 616e 7920 e280 982f 6574 clude any .../et\n-00049700: 632f 7263 6e2e 64e2 8099 2073 796d 626f c/rcn.d... symbo\n-00049710: 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b 7320 696e 2074 6865 lic links in the\n-00049720: 2061 6374 7561 6c0a 6172 6368 6976 6520 actual.archive \n-00049730: 6f72 206d 616e 7561 6c6c 7920 6372 6561 or manually crea\n-00049740: 7465 206f 7220 7265 6d6f 7665 2074 6865 te or remove the\n-00049750: 2073 796d 626f 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b 7320 symbolic links \n-00049760: 696e 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 720a 7363 in maintainer.sc\n-00049770: 7269 7074 733b 2079 6f75 206d 7573 7420 ripts; you must \n-00049780: 7573 6520 7468 6520 e280 9875 7064 6174 use the ...updat\n-00049790: 652d 7263 2e64 e280 9920 7072 6f67 7261 e-rc.d... progra\n-000497a0: 6d20 696e 7374 6561 642e 2020 2854 6865 m instead. (The\n-000497b0: 2066 6f72 6d65 720a 7769 6c6c 2066 6169 former.will fai\n-000497c0: 6c20 6966 2061 6e20 616c 7465 726e 6174 l if an alternat\n-000497d0: 6976 6520 6d65 7468 6f64 206f 6620 6d61 ive method of ma\n-000497e0: 696e 7461 696e 696e 6720 7275 6e6c 6576 intaining runlev\n-000497f0: 656c 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 0a69 el information.i\n-00049800: 7320 6265 696e 6720 7573 6564 2e29 2020 s being used.) \n-00049810: 596f 7520 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2069 6e63 You must not inc\n-00049820: 6c75 6465 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 lude the .../etc\n-00049830: 2f72 636e 2e64 e280 9920 6469 7265 6374 /rcn.d... direct\n-00049840: 6f72 6965 730a 7468 656d 7365 6c76 6573 ories.themselves\n-00049850: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6172 6368 6976 6520 in the archive \n-00049860: 6569 7468 6572 2e20 2028 4f6e 6c79 2074 either. (Only t\n-00049870: 6865 20e2 8098 696e 6974 2d73 7973 7465 he ...init-syste\n-00049880: 6d2d 6865 6c70 6572 73e2 8099 0a70 6163 m-helpers....pac\n-00049890: 6b61 6765 2069 7320 7065 726d 6974 7465 kage is permitte\n-000498a0: 6420 746f 2064 6f20 736f 2e29 0a0a 546f d to do so.)..To\n-000498b0: 2067 6574 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 get the default\n-000498c0: 2062 6568 6176 696f 7220 666f 7220 796f behavior for yo\n-000498d0: 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 7075 7420 ur package, put \n-000498e0: 696e 2079 6f75 7220 e280 9870 6f73 7469 in your ...posti\n-000498f0: 6e73 74e2 8099 0a73 6372 6970 743a 0a0a nst....script:..\n-00049900: 2020 2020 2075 7064 6174 652d 7263 2e64 update-rc.d\n-00049910: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2064 6566 6175 6c74 package default\n-00049920: 730a 0a61 6e64 2069 6e20 796f 7572 20e2 s..and in your .\n-00049930: 8098 706f 7374 726d e280 993a 0a0a 2020 ..postrm...:.. \n-00049940: 2020 2069 6620 5b20 2224 3122 203d 2070 if [ \"$1\" = p\n-00049950: 7572 6765 205d 3b20 7468 656e 0a20 2020 urge ]; then. \n-00049960: 2020 2020 2020 7570 6461 7465 2d72 632e update-rc.\n-00049970: 6420 7061 636b 6167 6520 7265 6d6f 7665 d package remove\n-00049980: 0a20 2020 2020 6669 0a0a 5468 6520 6465 . fi..The de\n-00049990: 6661 756c 7420 6265 6861 7669 6f75 7220 fault behaviour \n-000499a0: 6973 2074 6f20 656e 6162 6c65 2061 7574 is to enable aut\n-000499b0: 6f73 7461 7274 696e 6720 796f 7572 2070 ostarting your p\n-000499c0: 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 2064 6165 6d6f ackage...s daemo\n-000499d0: 6e2e 0a54 6865 206c 6f63 616c 2061 646d n..The local adm\n-000499e0: 696e 6973 7472 6174 6f72 2063 616e 206f inistrator can o\n-000499f0: 7665 7272 6964 6520 7468 6973 2075 7369 verride this usi\n-00049a00: 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 20e2 ng the command .\n-00049a10: 8098 7570 6461 7465 2d72 632e 640a 7061 ..update-rc.d.pa\n-00049a20: 636b 6167 6520 6469 7361 626c 65e2 8099 ckage disable...\n-00049a30: 2e20 2049 662c 2068 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 . If, however, \n-00049a40: 7468 6520 6461 656d 6f6e 2073 686f 756c the daemon shoul\n-00049a50: 6420 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 7574 6f73 7461 d not be autosta\n-00049a60: 7274 6564 0a75 6e6c 6573 7320 7468 6520 rted.unless the \n-00049a70: 6c6f 6361 6c20 6164 6d69 6e69 7374 7261 local administra\n-00049a80: 746f 7220 6861 7320 6578 706c 6963 6974 tor has explicit\n-00049a90: 6c79 2072 6571 7565 7374 6564 2074 6869 ly requested thi\n-00049aa0: 732c 2069 6e73 7465 6164 0a61 6464 2074 s, instead.add t\n-00049ab0: 6f20 796f 7572 20e2 8098 706f 7374 696e o your ...postin\n-00049ac0: 7374 e280 9920 7363 7269 7074 3a0a 0a20 st... script:.. \n-00049ad0: 2020 2020 7570 6461 7465 2d72 632e 6420 update-rc.d \n-00049ae0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6465 6661 756c 7473 package defaults\n-00049af0: 2d64 6973 6162 6c65 640a 0a61 6e64 2061 -disabled..and a\n-00049b00: 6464 2061 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 dd a dependency \n-00049b10: 6f6e 20e2 8098 696e 6974 2d73 7973 7465 on ...init-syste\n-00049b20: 6d2d 6865 6c70 6572 7320 283e 3d20 312e m-helpers (>= 1.\n-00049b30: 3530 29e2 8099 2c20 7768 6963 680a 696e 50)..., which.in\n-00049b40: 7472 6f64 7563 6564 2074 6865 20e2 8098 troduced the ...\n-00049b50: 6465 6661 756c 7473 2d64 6973 6162 6c65 defaults-disable\n-00049b60: 64e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 d... option. Th\n-00049b70: 656e 2074 6865 206c 6f63 616c 2061 646d en the local adm\n-00049b80: 696e 6973 7472 6174 6f72 0a63 616e 2065 inistrator.can e\n-00049b90: 6e61 626c 6520 6175 746f 7374 6172 7469 nable autostarti\n-00049ba0: 6e67 2074 6865 2064 6165 6d6f 6e20 7573 ng the daemon us\n-00049bb0: 696e 6720 7468 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 ing the command \n-00049bc0: e280 9875 7064 6174 652d 7263 2e64 0a70 ...update-rc.d.p\n-00049bd0: 6163 6b61 6765 2065 6e61 626c 65e2 8099 ackage enable...\n-00049be0: 2e0a 0a41 6e20 6f6c 6465 7220 7072 6163 ...An older prac\n-00049bf0: 7469 6365 2c20 7768 6963 6820 7368 6f75 tice, which shou\n-00049c00: 6c64 206e 6f74 2062 6520 7573 6564 2c20 ld not be used, \n-00049c10: 7761 7320 746f 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2061 was to include a\n-00049c20: 206c 696e 6520 6c69 6b65 0ae2 8098 4449 line like....DI\n-00049c30: 5341 424c 4544 3d79 6573 e280 9920 696e SABLED=yes... in\n-00049c40: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 the package...s\n-00049c50: 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f64 6566 6175 6c74 .../etc/default\n-00049c60: e280 9920 6669 6c65 2e20 2054 6865 2070 ... file. The p\n-00049c70: 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 2069 6e69 740a ackage...s init.\n-00049c80: 7363 7269 7074 2077 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 script would not\n-00049c90: 2073 7461 7274 2074 6865 2073 6572 7669 start the servi\n-00049ca0: 6365 2075 6e74 696c 2074 6865 206c 6f63 ce until the loc\n-00049cb0: 616c 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6164 6d69 6e69 al system admini\n-00049cc0: 7374 7261 746f 720a 6368 616e 6765 6420 strator.changed \n-00049cd0: 7468 6973 2074 6f20 e280 9844 4953 4142 this to ...DISAB\n-00049ce0: 4c45 443d 6e6f e280 992c 206f 7220 7369 LED=no..., or si\n-00049cf0: 6d69 6c61 722e 2020 5468 6520 7072 6f62 milar. The prob\n-00049d00: 6c65 6d20 7769 7468 2074 6869 730a 6170 lem with this.ap\n-00049d10: 7072 6f61 6368 2077 6173 2074 6861 7420 proach was that \n-00049d20: 6974 2068 6964 6573 2066 726f 6d20 7468 it hides from th\n-00049d30: 6520 696e 6974 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7768 e init system wh\n-00049d40: 6574 6865 7220 6f72 206e 6f74 2074 6865 ether or not the\n-00049d50: 0a64 6165 6d6f 6e20 7368 6f75 6c64 2061 .daemon should a\n-00049d60: 6374 7561 6c6c 7920 6265 2073 7461 7274 ctually be start\n-00049d70: 6564 2c20 7768 6963 6820 6c65 6164 7320 ed, which leads \n-00049d80: 746f 2069 6e63 6f6e 7369 7374 656e 7420 to inconsistent \n-00049d90: 616e 640a 636f 6e66 7573 696e 6720 6265 and.confusing be\n-00049da0: 6861 7669 6f72 3a20 e280 9873 6572 7669 havior: ...servi\n-00049db0: 6365 203c 7061 636b 6167 653e 2073 7461 ce sta\n-00049dc0: 7274 e280 9920 636f 756c 6420 7265 7475 rt... could retu\n-00049dd0: 726e 2073 7563 6365 7373 2062 7574 0a6e rn success but.n\n-00049de0: 6f74 2073 7461 7274 2074 6865 2073 6572 ot start the ser\n-00049df0: 7669 6365 3b20 7365 7276 6963 6573 2077 vice; services w\n-00049e00: 6974 6820 6120 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 ith a dependency\n-00049e10: 206f 6e20 7468 6973 2073 6572 7669 6365 on this service\n-00049e20: 2077 696c 6c0a 6265 2073 7461 7274 6564 will.be started\n-00049e30: 2065 7665 6e20 7468 6f75 6768 2074 6865 even though the\n-00049e40: 2073 6572 7669 6365 2069 736e e280 9974 service isn...t\n-00049e50: 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 3b20 616e 6420 696e running; and in\n-00049e60: 6974 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7374 6174 7573 it system status\n-00049e70: 0a63 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 636f 756c 6420 .commands could \n-00049e80: 696e 636f 7272 6563 746c 7920 636c 6169 incorrectly clai\n-00049e90: 6d20 7468 6174 2074 6865 2073 6572 7669 m that the servi\n-00049ea0: 6365 2077 6173 2073 7461 7274 6564 2e0a ce was started..\n-00049eb0: 0a4e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2069 6620 796f .Note that if yo\n-00049ec0: 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2063 6861 6e67 ur package chang\n-00049ed0: 6573 2072 756e 6c65 7665 6c73 206f 7220 es runlevels or \n-00049ee0: 7072 696f 7269 7479 2c20 796f 7520 6d61 priority, you ma\n-00049ef0: 7920 6861 7665 2074 6f0a 7265 6d6f 7665 y have to.remove\n-00049f00: 2061 6e64 2072 6563 7265 6174 6520 7468 and recreate th\n-00049f10: 6520 6c69 6e6b 732c 2073 696e 6365 206f e links, since o\n-00049f20: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2074 6865 206f 6c64 therwise the old\n-00049f30: 206c 696e 6b73 206d 6179 0a70 6572 7369 links may.persi\n-00049f40: 7374 2e20 2052 6566 6572 2074 6f20 7468 st. Refer to th\n-00049f50: 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 e documentation \n-00049f60: 6f66 20e2 8098 7570 6461 7465 2d72 632e of ...update-rc.\n-00049f70: 64e2 8099 2e0a 0a46 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 d......For more \n-00049f80: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 information abou\n-00049f90: 7420 7573 696e 6720 e280 9875 7064 6174 t using ...updat\n-00049fa0: 652d 7263 2e64 e280 992c 2070 6c65 6173 e-rc.d..., pleas\n-00049fb0: 6520 636f 6e73 756c 7420 6974 7320 6d61 e consult its ma\n-00049fc0: 6e0a 7061 6765 2c20 e280 9875 7064 6174 n.page, ...updat\n-00049fd0: 652d 7263 2e64 2838 29e2 8099 2e0a 0a49 e-rc.d(8)......I\n-00049fe0: 7420 6973 2065 6173 6965 7374 2066 6f72 t is easiest for\n-00049ff0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6e6f 7420 746f packages not to\n-0004a000: 2063 616c 6c20 e280 9875 7064 6174 652d call ...update-\n-0004a010: 7263 2e64 e280 9920 6469 7265 6374 6c79 rc.d... directly\n-0004a020: 2c20 6275 740a 696e 7374 6561 6420 7573 , but.instead us\n-0004a030: 6520 6465 6268 656c 7065 7220 7072 6f67 e debhelper prog\n-0004a040: 7261 6d73 2074 6861 7420 6164 6420 7468 rams that add th\n-0004a050: 6520 7265 7175 6972 6564 20e2 8098 7570 e required ...up\n-0004a060: 6461 7465 2d72 632e 64e2 8099 2063 616c date-rc.d... cal\n-0004a070: 6c73 0a61 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 ls.automatically\n-0004a080: 2e20 2053 6565 20e2 8098 6468 5f69 6e73 . See ...dh_ins\n-0004a090: 7461 6c6c 696e 6974 e280 992c 20e2 8098 tallinit..., ...\n-0004a0a0: 6468 5f69 6e73 7461 6c6c 7379 7374 656d dh_installsystem\n-0004a0b0: 64e2 8099 2c20 6574 632e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 d..., etc.....Fi\n-0004a0c0: 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 le: debian-polic\n-0004a0d0: 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2052 y.info, Node: R\n-0004a0e0: 756e 6e69 6e67 2069 6e69 7420 7363 7269 unning init scri\n-0004a0f0: 7074 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4d61 6e61 pts, Prev: Mana\n-0004a100: 6769 6e67 2074 6865 206c 696e 6b73 2c20 ging the links, \n-0004a110: 2055 703a 2049 6e74 6572 6661 6369 6e67 Up: Interfacing\n-0004a120: 2077 6974 6820 696e 6974 2073 7973 7465 with init syste\n-0004a130: 6d73 0a0a 382e 332e 332e 3220 5275 6e6e ms..8.3.3.2 Runn\n-0004a140: 696e 6720 696e 6974 2073 6372 6970 7473 ing init scripts\n-0004a150: 0a2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n-0004a160: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e0a 0a54 ...............T\n-0004a170: 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d 20e2 8098 696e he program ...in\n-0004a180: 766f 6b65 2d72 632e 64e2 8099 2069 7320 voke-rc.d... is \n-0004a190: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2074 6f20 6d61 6b65 provided to make\n-0004a1a0: 2069 7420 6561 7369 6572 2066 6f72 2070 it easier for p\n-0004a1b0: 6163 6b61 6765 0a6d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 ackage.maintaine\n-0004a1c0: 7273 2074 6f20 7072 6f70 6572 6c79 2069 rs to properly i\n-0004a1d0: 6e76 6f6b 6520 616e 2069 6e69 7420 7363 nvoke an init sc\n-0004a1e0: 7269 7074 2c20 6f62 6579 696e 6720 7275 ript, obeying ru\n-0004a1f0: 6e6c 6576 656c 2061 6e64 0a6f 7468 6572 nlevel and.other\n-0004a200: 206c 6f63 616c 6c79 2d64 6566 696e 6564 locally-defined\n-0004a210: 2063 6f6e 7374 7261 696e 7473 2074 6861 constraints tha\n-0004a220: 7420 6d69 6768 7420 6c69 6d69 7420 6120 t might limit a \n-0004a230: 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 7320 7269 6768 package...s righ\n-0004a240: 7420 746f 0a73 7461 7274 2c20 7374 6f70 t to.start, stop\n-0004a250: 2061 6e64 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 206d and otherwise m\n-0004a260: 616e 6167 6520 7365 7276 6963 6573 2e20 anage services. \n-0004a270: 2054 6869 7320 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 6d61 This program ma\n-0004a280: 7920 6265 2075 7365 6420 6279 0a6d 6169 y be used by.mai\n-0004a290: 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 2069 6e20 7468 6569 ntainers in thei\n-0004a2a0: 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 e280 9920 7363 r packages... sc\n-0004a2b0: 7269 7074 732e 0a0a 5468 6520 7061 636b ripts...The pack\n-0004a2c0: 6167 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 age maintainer s\n-0004a2d0: 6372 6970 7473 206d 7573 7420 7573 6520 cripts must use \n-0004a2e0: e280 9869 6e76 6f6b 652d 7263 2e64 e280 ...invoke-rc.d..\n-0004a2f0: 9920 746f 2069 6e76 6f6b 6520 7468 650a . to invoke the.\n-0004a300: e280 982f 6574 632f 696e 6974 2e64 2f2a .../etc/init.d/*\n-0004a310: e280 9920 696e 6974 2073 6372 6970 7473 ... init scripts\n-0004a320: 206f 7220 6571 7569 7661 6c65 6e74 2069 or equivalent i\n-0004a330: 6e73 7465 6164 206f 6620 6361 6c6c 696e nstead of callin\n-0004a340: 6720 7468 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els...Most packa\n-0004a430: 6765 7320 7769 6c6c 2073 696d 706c 7920 ges will simply \n-0004a440: 7573 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 2069 6e76 6f6b use:.. invok\n-0004a450: 652d 7263 2e64 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2061 e-rc.d package a\n-0004a460: 6374 696f 6e0a 0a69 6e20 7468 6569 7220 ction..in their \n-0004a470: e280 9870 6f73 7469 6e73 74e2 8099 2061 ...postinst... a\n-0004a480: 6e64 20e2 8098 7072 6572 6de2 8099 2073 nd ...prerm... s\n-0004a490: 6372 6970 7473 2e0a 0a41 2070 6163 6b61 cripts...A packa\n-0004a4a0: 6765 2073 686f 756c 6420 7265 6769 7374 ge should regist\n-0004a4b0: 6572 2069 7473 2069 6e69 7420 7363 7269 er its init scri\n-0004a4c0: 7074 2073 6572 7669 6365 7320 7573 696e pt services usin\n-0004a4d0: 6720 e280 9875 7064 6174 652d 7263 2e64 g ...update-rc.d\n-0004a4e0: e280 990a 6265 666f 7265 2069 7420 7472 ....before it tr\n-0004a4f0: 6965 7320 746f 2069 6e76 6f6b 6520 7468 ies to invoke th\n-0004a500: 656d 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 696e 766f em using ...invo\n-0004a510: 6b65 2d72 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Th\n-0004b4e0: 650a 6461 656d 6f6e 206d 7573 7420 616c e.daemon must al\n-0004b4f0: 736f 2063 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 2065 7865 so correctly exe\n-0004b500: 6375 7465 2073 6372 6970 7473 2069 6e0a cute scripts in.\n-0004b510: e280 982f 6574 632f 6372 6f6e 2e7b 686f .../etc/cron.{ho\n-0004b520: 7572 6c79 2c64 6169 6c79 2c77 6565 6b6c urly,daily,weekl\n-0004b530: 792c 6d6f 6e74 686c 797d e280 992e 0a0a y,monthly}......\n-0004b540: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2043 726f 6e20 * Menu:..* Cron \n-0004b550: 6a6f 6220 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6573 3a3a job file names::\n-0004b560: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n-0004b570: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n-0004b580: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2068 7474 ----.. 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It is. \n-0004bda0: 656e 636f 7572 6167 6564 2074 6f20 7368 encouraged to sh\n-0004bdb0: 6970 2074 6865 2069 636f 6e20 696e 2074 ip the icon in t\n-0004bdc0: 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2027 6869 636f he default 'hico\n-0004bdd0: 6c6f 7227 2069 636f 6e20 7468 656d 650a lor' icon theme.\n-0004bde0: 2020 2020 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 directories\n-0004bdf0: 2c20 6f72 2074 6f20 7573 6520 616e 2065 , or to use an e\n-0004be00: 7869 7374 696e 6720 6963 6f6e 2066 726f xisting icon fro\n-0004be10: 6d20 7468 6520 2768 6963 6f6c 6f72 2720 m the 'hicolor' \n-0004be20: 7468 656d 652e 0a0a 2020 202d 2049 6620 theme... - If \n-0004be30: 7468 6520 6d65 6e75 2065 6e74 7279 2069 the menu entry i\n-0004be40: 7320 6e6f 7420 7573 6566 756c 2069 6e20 s not useful in \n-0004be50: 7468 6520 6765 6e65 7261 6c20 6361 7365 the general case\n-0004be60: 2061 7320 6120 7374 616e 6461 6c6f 6e65 as a standalone\n-0004be70: 0a20 2020 2020 6170 706c 6963 6174 696f . applicatio\n-0004be80: 6e2c 2074 6865 2064 6573 6b74 6f70 2065 n, the desktop e\n-0004be90: 6e74 7279 2073 686f 756c 6420 7365 7420 ntry should set \n-0004bea0: 7468 6520 e280 984e 6f44 6973 706c 6179 the ...NoDisplay\n-0004beb0: e280 9920 6b65 7920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 ... key to. \n-0004bec0: 7472 7565 2c20 736f 2074 6861 7420 6974 true, so that it\n-0004bed0: 2063 616e 2062 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 can be configur\n-0004bee0: 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2064 6973 706c 6179 ed to be display\n-0004bef0: 6564 206f 6e6c 7920 6279 2074 686f 7365 ed only by those\n-0004bf00: 0a20 2020 2020 7768 6f20 6e65 6564 2069 . who need i\n-0004bf10: 742e 0a0a 2020 202d 2049 6e20 646f 7562 t... - In doub\n-0004bf20: 742c 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d t, the package m\n-0004bf30: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7368 6f75 6c64 aintainer should\n-0004bf40: 2063 6f6f 7264 696e 6174 6520 7769 7468 coordinate with\n-0004bf50: 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 696e 7461 the. mainta\n-0004bf60: 696e 6572 7320 6f66 206d 656e 7520 696d iners of menu im\n-0004bf70: 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 7320 7468 plementations th\n-0004bf80: 726f 7567 6820 7468 6520 2764 6562 6961 rough the 'debia\n-0004bf90: 6e2d 6465 736b 746f 7027 0a20 2020 2020 n-desktop'. \n-0004bfa0: 6d61 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 2069 6e20 mailing list in \n-0004bfb0: 6f72 6465 7220 746f 2061 766f 6964 2070 order to avoid p\n-0004bfc0: 726f 626c 656d 7320 7769 7468 2063 6174 roblems with cat\n-0004bfd0: 6567 6f72 6965 7320 6f72 2062 6164 0a20 egories or bad. \n-0004bfe0: 2020 2020 696e 7465 7261 6374 696f 6e73 interactions\n-0004bff0: 2077 6974 6820 6f74 6865 7220 6963 6f6e with other icon\n-0004c000: 732e 2020 4573 7065 6369 616c 6c79 2066 s. 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In par\n+0003cc60: 7469 6375 6c61 722c 2069 6620 7468 650a ticular, if the.\n+0003cc70: 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f 6620 7468 6520 versions of the \n+0003cc80: 696e 636f 7270 6f72 6174 6564 2070 6172 incorporated par\n+0003cc90: 7473 2061 7265 2075 7064 6174 6564 2062 ts are updated b\n+0003cca0: 7574 2074 6865 2069 6e63 6f72 706f 7261 ut the incorpora\n+0003ccb0: 7469 6e67 0a62 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b ting.binary pack\n+0003ccc0: 6167 6520 6973 206e 6f74 2072 6562 7569 age is not rebui\n+0003ccd0: 6c74 2c20 7468 6520 6f6c 6465 7220 7665 lt, the older ve\n+0003cce0: 7273 696f 6e73 206f 6620 7468 6520 696e rsions of the in\n+0003ccf0: 636f 7270 6f72 6174 6564 0a70 6172 7473 corporated.parts\n+0003cd00: 2077 696c 6c20 7265 6d61 696e 2069 6e20 will remain in \n+0003cd10: 7468 6520 6172 6368 6976 6520 696e 206f the archive in o\n+0003cd20: 7264 6572 2074 6f20 7361 7469 7366 7920 rder to satisfy \n+0003cd30: 7468 6520 6c69 6365 6e73 652e 0a0a 4120 the license...A \n+0003cd40: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7573 696e 6720 7468 package using th\n+0003cd50: 6520 736f 7572 6365 2063 6f64 6520 6672 e source code fr\n+0003cd60: 6f6d 2074 6865 2067 6363 2d34 2e36 2d73 om the gcc-4.6-s\n+0003cd70: 6f75 7263 6520 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 ource binary pac\n+0003cd80: 6b61 6765 0a62 7569 6c74 2066 726f 6d20 kage.built from \n+0003cd90: 7468 6520 6763 632d 342e 3620 736f 7572 the gcc-4.6 sour\n+0003cda0: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6f75 6c64 ce package would\n+0003cdb0: 2068 6176 6520 7468 6973 2066 6965 6c64 have this field\n+0003cdc0: 2069 6e20 6974 730a 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 in its.control \n+0003cdd0: 6669 6c65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 4275 696c file:.. Buil\n+0003cde0: 742d 5573 696e 673a 2067 6363 2d34 2e36 t-Using: gcc-4.6\n+0003cdf0: 2028 3d20 342e 362e 302d 3131 290a 0a41 (= 4.6.0-11)..A\n+0003ce00: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 package includi\n+0003ce10: 6e67 2062 696e 6172 6965 7320 6672 6f6d ng binaries from\n+0003ce20: 2067 7275 6232 2061 6e64 206c 6f61 646c grub2 and loadl\n+0003ce30: 696e 2077 6f75 6c64 2068 6176 6520 7468 in would have th\n+0003ce40: 6973 0a66 6965 6c64 2069 6e20 6974 7320 is.field in its \n+0003ce50: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 3a0a 0a20 control file:.. \n+0003ce60: 2020 2020 4275 696c 742d 5573 696e 673a Built-Using:\n+0003ce70: 2067 7275 6232 2028 3d20 312e 3939 2d39 grub2 (= 1.99-9\n+0003ce80: 292c 206c 6f61 646c 696e 2028 3d20 312e ), loadlin (= 1.\n+0003ce90: 3665 2d31 290a 0a54 6869 7320 6669 656c 6e-1)..This fiel\n+0003cea0: 6420 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7573 6564 d should be used\n+0003ceb0: 206f 6e6c 7920 7768 656e 2074 6865 7265 only when there\n+0003cec0: 2061 7265 206c 6963 656e 7365 206f 7220 are license or \n+0003ced0: 4446 5347 0a72 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 DFSG.requirement\n+0003cee0: 7320 746f 2072 6574 6169 6e20 7468 6520 s to retain the \n+0003cef0: 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6564 2073 6f75 7263 referenced sourc\n+0003cf00: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e20 2049 7420 e packages. It \n+0003cf10: 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2062 650a 6164 should not be.ad\n+0003cf20: 6465 6420 736f 6c65 6c79 2061 7320 6120 ded solely as a \n+0003cf30: 7761 7920 746f 206c 6f63 6174 6520 7061 way to locate pa\n+0003cf40: 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 6e65 6564 ckages that need\n+0003cf50: 2074 6f20 6265 2072 6562 7569 6c74 2061 to be rebuilt a\n+0003cf60: 6761 696e 7374 0a6e 6577 6572 2076 6572 gainst.newer ver\n+0003cf70: 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 6972 2062 sions of their b\n+0003cf80: 7569 6c64 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 uild dependencie\n+0003cf90: 732e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d s... ---------\n+0003cfa0: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n+0003cfb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 20e2 ------.. (1) .\n+0003cfc0: 8098 4275 696c 642d 4465 7065 6e64 73e2 ..Build-Depends.\n+0003cfd0: 8099 2069 6e20 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 .. in the source\n+0003cfe0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 package is not \n+0003cff0: 6164 6571 7561 7465 2073 696e 6365 2069 adequate since i\n+0003d000: 740a 2872 6967 6874 6675 6c6c 7929 2064 t.(rightfully) d\n+0003d010: 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 oes not document\n+0003d020: 2074 6865 2065 7861 6374 2076 6572 7369 the exact versi\n+0003d030: 6f6e 2075 7365 6420 696e 2074 6865 2062 on used in the b\n+0003d040: 7569 6c64 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 5468 uild... (2) Th\n+0003d050: 6520 6172 6368 6976 6520 736f 6674 7761 e archive softwa\n+0003d060: 7265 206d 6967 6874 2072 656a 6563 7420 re might reject \n+0003d070: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 7265 packages that re\n+0003d080: 6665 7220 746f 0a6e 6f6e 2d65 7869 7374 fer to.non-exist\n+0003d090: 656e 7420 736f 7572 6365 732e 0a0a 1f0a ent sources.....\n+0003d0a0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n+0003d0b0: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n+0003d0c0: 2053 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 6965 Shared librarie\n+0003d0d0: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5468 6520 4f70 s, Next: The Op\n+0003d0e0: 6572 6174 696e 6720 5379 7374 656d 2c20 erating System, \n+0003d0f0: 2050 7265 763a 2044 6563 6c61 7269 6e67 Prev: Declaring\n+0003d100: 2072 656c 6174 696f 6e73 6869 7073 2062 relationships b\n+0003d110: 6574 7765 656e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c etween packages,\n+0003d120: 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a38 2053 6861 Up: Top..8 Sha\n+0003d130: 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 6965 730a 2a2a red libraries.**\n+0003d140: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+0003d150: 0a0a 5061 636b 6167 6573 2063 6f6e 7461 ..Packages conta\n+0003d160: 696e 696e 6720 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 ining shared lib\n+0003d170: 7261 7269 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 2063 raries must be c\n+0003d180: 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 6564 2077 6974 6820 onstructed with \n+0003d190: 6120 6c69 7474 6c65 0a63 6172 6520 746f a little.care to\n+0003d1a0: 206d 616b 6520 7375 7265 2074 6861 7420 make sure that \n+0003d1b0: 7468 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 the shared libra\n+0003d1c0: 7279 2069 7320 616c 7761 7973 2061 7661 ry is always ava\n+0003d1d0: 696c 6162 6c65 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 ilable. This is\n+0003d1e0: 0a65 7370 6563 6961 6c6c 7920 696d 706f .especially impo\n+0003d1f0: 7274 616e 7420 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 rtant for packag\n+0003d200: 6573 2077 686f 7365 2073 6861 7265 6420 es whose shared \n+0003d210: 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 6172 6520 7669 libraries are vi\n+0003d220: 7461 6c6c 790a 696d 706f 7274 616e 742c tally.important,\n+0003d230: 2073 7563 6820 6173 2074 6865 2043 206c such as the C l\n+0003d240: 6962 7261 7279 2028 6375 7272 656e 746c ibrary (currentl\n+0003d250: 7920 e280 986c 6962 6336 e280 9929 2e0a y ...libc6...)..\n+0003d260: 0a54 6869 7320 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6465 .This section de\n+0003d270: 616c 7320 6f6e 6c79 2077 6974 6820 7075 als only with pu\n+0003d280: 626c 6963 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 blic shared libr\n+0003d290: 6172 6965 733a 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 aries: shared li\n+0003d2a0: 6272 6172 6965 730a 7468 6174 2061 7265 braries.that are\n+0003d2b0: 2070 6c61 6365 6420 696e 2064 6972 6563 placed in direc\n+0003d2c0: 746f 7269 6573 2073 6561 7263 6865 6420 tories searched \n+0003d2d0: 6279 2074 6865 2064 796e 616d 6963 206c by the dynamic l\n+0003d2e0: 696e 6b65 7220 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 inker by default\n+0003d2f0: 0a6f 7220 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 696e .or which are in\n+0003d300: 7465 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 6265 206c 696e tended to be lin\n+0003d310: 6b65 6420 6167 6169 6e73 7420 6e6f 726d ked against norm\n+0003d320: 616c 6c79 2061 6e64 2070 6f73 7369 626c ally and possibl\n+0003d330: 7920 7573 6564 2062 790a 6f74 6865 722c y used by.other,\n+0003d340: 2069 6e64 6570 656e 6465 6e74 2070 6163 independent pac\n+0003d350: 6b61 6765 732e 2020 5368 6172 6564 206c kages. Shared l\n+0003d360: 6962 7261 7269 6573 2074 6861 7420 6172 ibraries that ar\n+0003d370: 6520 696e 7465 726e 616c 2074 6f20 610a e internal to a.\n+0003d380: 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 2070 6163 6b61 particular packa\n+0003d390: 6765 206f 7220 7468 6174 2061 7265 206f ge or that are o\n+0003d3a0: 6e6c 7920 6c6f 6164 6564 2061 7320 6479 nly loaded as dy\n+0003d3b0: 6e61 6d69 6320 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 6172 namic modules ar\n+0003d3c0: 6520 6e6f 740a 636f 7665 7265 6420 6279 e not.covered by\n+0003d3d0: 2074 6869 7320 7365 6374 696f 6e20 616e this section an\n+0003d3e0: 6420 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 7375 626a 6563 d are not subjec\n+0003d3f0: 7420 746f 2069 7473 2072 6571 7569 7265 t to its require\n+0003d400: 6d65 6e74 732e 0a0a 4120 7368 6172 6564 ments...A shared\n+0003d410: 206c 6962 7261 7279 2069 7320 6964 656e library is iden\n+0003d420: 7469 6669 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 e280 tified by the ..\n+0003d430: 9853 4f4e 414d 45e2 8099 2061 7474 7269 .SONAME... attri\n+0003d440: 6275 7465 2073 746f 7265 6420 696e 2069 bute stored in i\n+0003d450: 7473 0a64 796e 616d 6963 2073 6563 7469 ts.dynamic secti\n+0003d460: 6f6e 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 6120 6269 6e61 on. When a bina\n+0003d470: 7279 2069 7320 6c69 6e6b 6564 2061 6761 ry is linked aga\n+0003d480: 696e 7374 2061 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 inst a shared li\n+0003d490: 6272 6172 792c 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 534f brary, the....SO\n+0003d4a0: 4e41 4d45 e280 9920 6f66 2074 6865 2073 NAME... of the s\n+0003d4b0: 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6973 hared library is\n+0003d4c0: 2072 6563 6f72 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 recorded in the\n+0003d4d0: 2062 696e 6172 79e2 8099 7320 e280 984e binary...s ...N\n+0003d4e0: 4545 4445 44e2 8099 0a73 6563 7469 6f6e EEDED....section\n+0003d4f0: 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2074 6865 2064 796e so that the dyn\n+0003d500: 616d 6963 206c 696e 6b65 7220 6b6e 6f77 amic linker know\n+0003d510: 7320 7468 6174 206c 6962 7261 7279 206d s that library m\n+0003d520: 7573 7420 6265 206c 6f61 6465 6420 6174 ust be loaded at\n+0003d530: 0a72 756e 7469 6d65 2e20 2054 6865 2073 .runtime. The s\n+0003d540: 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6669 hared library fi\n+0003d550: 6c65 e280 9973 2066 756c 6c20 6e61 6d65 le...s full name\n+0003d560: 2028 7768 6963 6820 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 (which usually \n+0003d570: 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 0a61 6464 6974 696f contains.additio\n+0003d580: 6e61 6c20 7665 7273 696f 6e20 696e 666f nal version info\n+0003d590: 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6e6f 7420 6e65 6564 rmation not need\n+0003d5a0: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9853 4f4e ed in the ...SON\n+0003d5b0: 414d 45e2 8099 2920 6973 2074 6865 7265 AME...) is there\n+0003d5c0: 666f 7265 0a6e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6e6f fore.normally no\n+0003d5d0: 7420 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6564 2064 6972 t referenced dir\n+0003d5e0: 6563 746c 792e 2020 496e 7374 6561 642c ectly. 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This \n+0003d7f0: 6669 6c65 2065 7869 7374 7320 6f6e 2074 file exists on t\n+0003d800: 6865 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 0a61 he file system.a\n+0003d810: 7320 6120 7379 6d6c 696e 6b20 706f 696e s a symlink poin\n+0003d820: 7469 6e67 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7368 6172 ting to the shar\n+0003d830: 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2e0a 0a53 6861 ed library...Sha\n+0003d840: 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 6172 red libraries ar\n+0003d850: 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 6c79 2073 706c 6974 e normally split\n+0003d860: 2069 6e74 6f20 7365 7665 7261 6c20 6269 into several bi\n+0003d870: 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e 2020 nary packages. \n+0003d880: 5468 650a e280 9853 4f4e 414d 45e2 8099 The....SONAME...\n+0003d890: 2073 796d 6c69 6e6b 2069 7320 696e 7374 symlink is inst\n+0003d8a0: 616c 6c65 6420 6279 2074 6865 2072 756e alled by the run\n+0003d8b0: 7469 6d65 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 time shared libr\n+0003d8c0: 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 652c 2061 6e64 ary package, and\n+0003d8d0: 0a74 6865 2062 6172 6520 e280 982e 736f .the bare ....so\n+0003d8e0: e280 9920 7379 6d6c 696e 6b20 6973 2069 ... symlink is i\n+0003d8f0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 nstalled in the \n+0003d900: 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 7061 636b development pack\n+0003d910: 6167 6520 7369 6e63 650a 6974 e280 9973 age since.it...s\n+0003d920: 206f 6e6c 7920 7573 6564 2077 6865 6e20 only used when \n+0003d930: 6c69 6e6b 696e 6720 6269 6e61 7269 6573 linking binaries\n+0003d940: 206f 7220 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 or shared libra\n+0003d950: 7269 6573 2e20 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c0a ries. However,.\n+0003d960: 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 736f 6d65 2065 there are some e\n+0003d970: 7863 6570 7469 6f6e 7320 666f 7220 756e xceptions for un\n+0003d980: 7573 7561 6c20 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 usual shared lib\n+0003d990: 7261 7269 6573 206f 7220 666f 7220 7368 raries or for sh\n+0003d9a0: 6172 6564 0a6c 6962 7261 7269 6573 2074 ared.libraries t\n+0003d9b0: 6861 7420 6172 6520 616c 736f 206c 6f61 hat are also loa\n+0003d9c0: 6465 6420 6173 2064 796e 616d 6963 206d ded as dynamic m\n+0003d9d0: 6f64 756c 6573 2062 7920 6f74 6865 7220 odules by other \n+0003d9e0: 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 2e0a 0a54 6869 7320 programs...This \n+0003d9f0: 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6973 2070 7269 6d61 section is prima\n+0003da00: 7269 6c79 2063 6f6e 6365 726e 6564 2077 rily concerned w\n+0003da10: 6974 6820 686f 7720 7468 6520 7365 7061 ith how the sepa\n+0003da20: 7261 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7368 6172 6564 ration of shared\n+0003da30: 0a6c 6962 7261 7269 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 .libraries into \n+0003da40: 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2070 6163 6b61 6765 multiple package\n+0003da50: 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 646f 6e65 s should be done\n+0003da60: 2061 6e64 2068 6f77 2064 6570 656e 6465 and how depende\n+0003da70: 6e63 6965 7320 6f6e 0a61 6e64 2062 6574 ncies on.and bet\n+0003da80: 7765 656e 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 ween shared libr\n+0003da90: 6172 7920 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 ary binary packa\n+0003daa0: 6765 7320 6172 6520 6d61 6e61 6765 6420 ges are managed \n+0003dab0: 696e 2044 6562 6961 6e2e 2020 2a6e 6f74 in Debian. *not\n+0003dac0: 650a 4c69 6272 6172 6965 733a 2031 3033 e.Libraries: 103\n+0003dad0: 2e20 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7265 6164 . should be read\n+0003dae0: 2069 6e20 636f 6e6a 756e 6374 696f 6e20 in conjunction \n+0003daf0: 7769 7468 2074 6869 7320 7365 6374 696f with this sectio\n+0003db00: 6e20 616e 640a 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2061 n and.contains a\n+0003db10: 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 7275 6c65 7320 dditional rules \n+0003db20: 666f 7220 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7320 636f for the files co\n+0003db30: 6e74 6169 6e65 6420 696e 2074 6865 2073 ntained in the s\n+0003db40: 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 790a 7061 hared library.pa\n+0003db50: 636b 6167 6573 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e 753a ckages...* Menu:\n+0003db60: 0a0a 2a20 5275 6e2d 7469 6d65 2073 6861 ..* Run-time sha\n+0003db70: 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 6965 733a 3a0a red libraries::.\n+0003db80: 2a20 5368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 * Shared library\n+0003db90: 2073 7570 706f 7274 2066 696c 6573 3a3a support files::\n+0003dba0: 0a2a 2053 7461 7469 6320 6c69 6272 6172 .* Static librar\n+0003dbb0: 6965 733a 3a0a 2a20 4465 7665 6c6f 706d ies::.* Developm\n+0003dbc0: 656e 7420 6669 6c65 733a 3a0a 2a20 4465 ent files::.* De\n+0003dbd0: 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2062 6574 7765 pendencies betwe\n+0003dbe0: 656e 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 en the packages \n+0003dbf0: 6f66 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6c69 6272 of the same libr\n+0003dc00: 6172 793a 3a0a 2a20 4465 7065 6e64 656e ary::.* Dependen\n+0003dc10: 6369 6573 2062 6574 7765 656e 2074 6865 cies between the\n+0003dc20: 206c 6962 7261 7279 2061 6e64 206f 7468 library and oth\n+0003dc30: 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 733a 3a0a 0a20 er packages::.. \n+0003dc40: 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f ---------- Foo\n+0003dc50: 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tnotes ---------\n+0003dc60: 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 5468 6973 2069 -.. 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Most, howev\n+0003dd30: 6572 2c20 656e 636f 6465 0a61 6464 6974 er, encode.addit\n+0003dd40: 696f 6e61 6c20 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f ional informatio\n+0003dd50: 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 6261 636b 7761 7264 n about backward\n+0003dd60: 732d 636f 6d70 6174 6962 6c65 2072 6576 s-compatible rev\n+0003dd70: 6973 696f 6e73 2061 7320 6120 6d69 6e6f isions as a mino\n+0003dd80: 720a 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 r.version number\n+0003dd90: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d in the file nam\n+0003dda0: 652e 2020 5468 6520 e280 9853 4f4e 414d e. 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(1) There a\n+0003ef80: 7265 2073 6f6d 6520 6578 6365 7074 696f re some exceptio\n+0003ef90: 6e61 6c20 7369 7475 6174 696f 6e73 2069 nal situations i\n+0003efa0: 6e20 7768 6963 6820 636f 2d69 6e73 7461 n which co-insta\n+0003efb0: 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 0a74 776f 2076 llation of.two v\n+0003efc0: 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2061 2073 6861 ersions of a sha\n+0003efd0: 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6973 206e red library is n\n+0003efe0: 6f74 2073 6166 652c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 ot safe, and the\n+0003eff0: 206e 6577 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 new shared libr\n+0003f000: 6172 790a 7061 636b 6167 6520 6861 7320 ary.package has \n+0003f010: 746f 2063 6f6e 666c 6963 7420 7769 7468 to conflict with\n+0003f020: 2074 6865 2070 7265 7669 6f75 7320 7368 the previous sh\n+0003f030: 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2070 6163 ared library pac\n+0003f040: 6b61 6765 2e20 2054 6869 730a 6973 206e kage. This.is n\n+0003f050: 6576 6572 2064 6573 6972 6162 6c65 2c20 ever desirable, \n+0003f060: 7369 6e63 6520 6974 2063 6175 7365 7320 since it causes \n+0003f070: 7369 676e 6966 6963 616e 7420 6469 7372 significant disr\n+0003f080: 7570 7469 6f6e 2064 7572 696e 670a 7570 uption during.up\n+0003f090: 6772 6164 6573 2061 6e64 2070 6f74 656e grades and poten\n+0003f0a0: 7469 616c 6c79 2062 7265 616b 7320 756e tially breaks un\n+0003f0b0: 7061 636b 6167 6564 2074 6869 7264 2d70 packaged third-p\n+0003f0c0: 6172 7479 2062 696e 6172 6965 732c 2062 arty binaries, b\n+0003f0d0: 7574 2069 730a 736f 6d65 7469 6d65 7320 ut is.sometimes \n+0003f0e0: 756e 6176 6f69 6461 626c 652e 2020 5468 unavoidable. Th\n+0003f0f0: 6573 6520 7369 7475 6174 696f 6e73 2061 ese situations a\n+0003f100: 7265 2073 7566 6669 6369 656e 746c 7920 re sufficiently \n+0003f110: 7261 7265 2074 6861 7420 7468 6579 0a75 rare that they.u\n+0003f120: 7375 616c 6c79 2077 6172 7261 6e74 2070 sually warrant p\n+0003f130: 726f 6a65 6374 2d77 6964 6520 6469 7363 roject-wide disc\n+0003f140: 7573 7369 6f6e 2c20 616e 6420 6172 6520 ussion, and are \n+0003f150: 636f 6d70 6c65 7820 656e 6f75 6768 2074 complex enough t\n+0003f160: 6861 7420 7468 650a 7275 6c65 7320 666f hat the.rules fo\n+0003f170: 7220 7468 656d 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6265 r them cannot be\n+0003f180: 2063 6f64 6966 6965 6420 696e 2044 6562 codified in Deb\n+0003f190: 6961 6e20 506f 6c69 6379 2e0a 0a20 2020 ian Policy... \n+0003f1a0: 2832 2920 5468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e (2) The followin\n+0003f1b0: 6720 636f 6d6d 616e 642c 2077 6865 6e20 g command, when \n+0003f1c0: 7275 6e20 6f6e 2061 2073 6861 7265 6420 run on a shared \n+0003f1d0: 6c69 6272 6172 792c 2077 696c 6c20 6f75 library, will ou\n+0003f1e0: 7470 7574 0a74 6865 206e 616d 6520 746f tput.the name to\n+0003f1f0: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2074 6865 be used for the\n+0003f200: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6520 Debian package \n+0003f210: 636f 6e74 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 6861 7420 containing that \n+0003f220: 7368 6172 6564 0a6c 6962 7261 7279 3a0a shared.library:.\n+0003f230: 0a20 2020 2020 6f62 6a64 756d 7020 2d70 . objdump -p\n+0003f240: 202f 7061 7468 2f74 6f2f 6c69 6266 6f6f /path/to/libfoo\n+0003f250: 2d62 6172 2e73 6f2e 312e 322e 3320 5c0a -bar.so.1.2.3 \\.\n+0003f260: 2020 2020 2020 2020 207c 2073 6564 202d | sed -\n+0003f270: 6e20 2d65 2773 2f5e 5b5b 3a73 7061 6365 n -e's/^[[:space\n+0003f280: 3a5d 5d2a 534f 4e41 4d45 5b5b 3a73 7061 :]]*SONAME[[:spa\n+0003f290: 6365 3a5d 5d2a 2f2f 7027 205c 0a20 2020 ce:]]*//p' \\. \n+0003f2a0: 2020 2020 2020 7c20 4c43 5f41 4c4c 3d43 | LC_ALL=C\n+0003f2b0: 2073 6564 202d 7220 2d65 2773 2f28 5b30 sed -r -e's/([0\n+0003f2c0: 2d39 5d29 5c2e 736f 5c2e 2f5c 312d 2f3b -9])\\.so\\./\\1-/;\n+0003f2d0: 2073 2f5c 2e73 6f28 5c2e 7c24 292f 2f3b s/\\.so(\\.|$)//;\n+0003f2e0: 2079 2f5f 2f2d 2f3b 2073 2f28 2e2a 292f y/_/-/; s/(.*)/\n+0003f2f0: 5c4c 262f 270a 0a20 2020 2833 2920 5468 \\L&/'.. 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T\n+0003f380: 6869 7320 6973 2073 6f0a 7468 6174 2077 his is so.that w\n+0003f390: 6865 6e20 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2063 hen ...dpkg... c\n+0003f3a0: 6f6d 6573 2074 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 omes to install \n+0003f3b0: 7468 6520 7379 6d6c 696e 6b20 286f 7665 the symlink (ove\n+0003f3c0: 7277 7269 7469 6e67 2074 6865 2070 7265 rwriting the pre\n+0003f3d0: 7669 6f75 730a 7379 6d6c 696e 6b20 706f vious.symlink po\n+0003f3e0: 696e 7469 6e67 2061 7420 616e 206f 6c64 inting at an old\n+0003f3f0: 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 er version of th\n+0003f400: 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7929 2c20 7468 6520 e library), the \n+0003f410: 6e65 7720 7368 6172 6564 0a6c 6962 7261 new shared.libra\n+0003f420: 7279 2069 7320 616c 7265 6164 7920 696e ry is already in\n+0003f430: 2070 6c61 6365 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6520 place. In the \n+0003f440: 7061 7374 2c20 7468 6973 2077 6173 2061 past, this was a\n+0003f450: 6368 6965 7665 6420 6279 2063 7265 6174 chieved by creat\n+0003f460: 696e 670a 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 ing.the library \n+0003f470: 696e 2074 6865 2074 656d 706f 7261 7279 in the temporary\n+0003f480: 2070 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 2064 6972 6563 packaging direc\n+0003f490: 746f 7279 2062 6566 6f72 6520 6372 6561 tory before crea\n+0003f4a0: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 0a73 796d 6c69 6e6b ting the.symlink\n+0003f4b0: 2e20 2055 6e66 6f72 7475 6e61 7465 6c79 . Unfortunately\n+0003f4c0: 2c20 7468 6973 2077 6173 206e 6f74 2061 , this was not a\n+0003f4d0: 6c77 6179 7320 6566 6665 6374 6976 652c lways effective,\n+0003f4e0: 2073 696e 6365 2074 6865 0a62 7569 6c64 since the.build\n+0003f4f0: 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 2074 6172 2066 ing of the tar f\n+0003f500: 696c 6520 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2e64 ile in the ....d\n+0003f510: 6562 e280 9920 6465 7065 6e64 6564 206f eb... depended o\n+0003f520: 6e20 7468 6520 6265 6861 7669 6f72 206f n the behavior o\n+0003f530: 6620 7468 650a 756e 6465 726c 7969 6e67 f the.underlying\n+0003f540: 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2e20 2053 file system. S\n+0003f550: 6f6d 6520 6669 6c65 2073 7973 7465 6d73 ome file systems\n+0003f560: 2028 7375 6368 2061 7320 7265 6973 6572 (such as reiser\n+0003f570: 6673 2920 7265 6f72 6465 720a 7468 6520 fs) reorder.the \n+0003f580: 6669 6c65 7320 736f 2074 6861 7420 7468 files so that th\n+0003f590: 6520 6f72 6465 7220 6f66 2063 7265 6174 e order of creat\n+0003f5a0: 696f 6e20 6973 2066 6f72 676f 7474 656e ion is forgotten\n+0003f5b0: 2e20 2053 696e 6365 2076 6572 7369 6f6e . Since version\n+0003f5c0: 0a31 2e37 2e30 2c20 e280 9864 706b 67e2 .1.7.0, ...dpkg.\n+0003f5d0: 8099 2072 656f 7264 6572 7320 7468 6520 .. reorders the \n+0003f5e0: 6669 6c65 7320 6974 7365 6c66 2061 7320 files itself as \n+0003f5f0: 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 7768 656e 2062 necessary when b\n+0003f600: 7569 6c64 696e 6720 610a 7061 636b 6167 uilding a.packag\n+0003f610: 652e 2020 5468 7573 2069 7420 6973 206e e. Thus it is n\n+0003f620: 6f20 6c6f 6e67 6572 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 o longer importa\n+0003f630: 6e74 2074 6f20 636f 6e63 6572 6e20 6f6e nt to concern on\n+0003f640: 6573 656c 6620 7769 7468 2074 6865 0a6f eself with the.o\n+0003f650: 7264 6572 206f 6620 6669 6c65 2063 7265 rder of file cre\n+0003f660: 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ation.....File: \n+0003f670: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+0003f680: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 206c 6463 6f6e fo, Node: ldcon\n+0003f690: 6669 672c 2020 5570 3a20 5275 6e2d 7469 fig, Up: Run-ti\n+0003f6a0: 6d65 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 me shared librar\n+0003f6b0: 6965 730a 0a38 2e31 2e31 20e2 8098 6c64 ies..8.1.1 ...ld\n+0003f6c0: 636f 6e66 6967 e280 990a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d config....------\n+0003f6d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 416e 7920 ----------..Any \n+0003f6e0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c69 package installi\n+0003f6f0: 6e67 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 ng shared librar\n+0003f700: 6965 7320 696e 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 ies in one of th\n+0003f710: 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 6c69 6272 6172 e default librar\n+0003f720: 790a 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 7320 6f66 y.directories of\n+0003f730: 2074 6865 2064 796e 616d 6963 206c 696e the dynamic lin\n+0003f740: 6b65 7220 2877 6869 6368 2061 7265 2063 ker (which are c\n+0003f750: 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 urrently .../usr\n+0003f760: 2f6c 6962 e280 9920 616e 640a e280 982f /lib... and..../\n+0003f770: 6c69 62e2 8099 2920 6f72 2061 2064 6972 lib...) or a dir\n+0003f780: 6563 746f 7279 2074 6861 7420 6973 206c ectory that is l\n+0003f790: 6973 7465 6420 696e 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 isted in .../etc\n+0003f7a0: 2f6c 642e 736f 2e63 6f6e 66e2 8099 2028 /ld.so.conf... (\n+0003f7b0: 3129 206d 7573 7420 7573 650a e280 986c 1) must use....l\n+0003f7c0: 6463 6f6e 6669 67e2 8099 2074 6f20 7570 dconfig... to up\n+0003f7d0: 6461 7465 2074 6865 2073 6861 7265 6420 date the shared \n+0003f7e0: 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7379 7374 656d 2e0a library system..\n+0003f7f0: 0a41 6e79 2073 7563 6820 7061 636b 6167 .Any such packag\n+0003f800: 6520 6d75 7374 2068 6176 6520 7468 6520 e must have the \n+0003f810: 6c69 6e65 20e2 8098 6163 7469 7661 7465 line ...activate\n+0003f820: 2d6e 6f61 7761 6974 206c 6463 6f6e 6669 -noawait ldconfi\n+0003f830: 67e2 8099 2069 6e20 6974 730a e280 9874 g... in its....t\n+0003f840: 7269 6767 6572 73e2 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 riggers... contr\n+0003f850: 6f6c 2066 696c 6520 2869 2e65 2e20 20e2 ol file (i.e. .\n+0003f860: 8098 4445 4249 414e 2f74 7269 6767 6572 ..DEBIAN/trigger\n+0003f870: 73e2 8099 292e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d s...)... -----\n+0003f880: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n+0003f890: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n+0003f8a0: 3129 2054 6865 7365 2061 7265 2063 7572 1) These are cur\n+0003f8b0: 7265 6e74 6c79 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f6c rently .../usr/l\n+0003f8c0: 6f63 616c 2f6c 6962 e280 9920 706c 7573 ocal/lib... plus\n+0003f8d0: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 2075 6e64 directories und\n+0003f8e0: 6572 0ae2 8098 2f6c 6962 e280 9920 616e er..../lib... an\n+0003f8f0: 6420 e280 982f 7573 722f 6c69 62e2 8099 d .../usr/lib...\n+0003f900: 206d 6174 6368 696e 6720 7468 6520 6d75 matching the mu\n+0003f910: 6c74 6961 7263 6820 7472 6970 6c65 7420 ltiarch triplet \n+0003f920: 666f 7220 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 0a61 for the system.a\n+0003f930: 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 652e 0a0a 1f0a rchitecture.....\n+0003f940: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n+0003f950: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n+0003f960: 2053 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 Shared library \n+0003f970: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6669 6c65 732c 2020 support files, \n+0003f980: 4e65 7874 3a20 5374 6174 6963 206c 6962 Next: Static lib\n+0003f990: 7261 7269 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2052 raries, Prev: R\n+0003f9a0: 756e 2d74 696d 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c un-time shared l\n+0003f9b0: 6962 7261 7269 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 ibraries, Up: S\n+0003f9c0: 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 6965 730a hared libraries.\n+0003f9d0: 0a38 2e32 2053 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 .8.2 Shared libr\n+0003f9e0: 6172 7920 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6669 6c65 ary support file\n+0003f9f0: 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d s.==============\n+0003fa00: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0003fa10: 3d3d 0a0a 4966 2079 6f75 7220 7061 636b ==..If your pack\n+0003fa20: 6167 6520 636f 6e74 6169 6e73 2066 696c age contains fil\n+0003fa30: 6573 2077 686f 7365 206e 616d 6573 2064 es whose names d\n+0003fa40: 6f20 6e6f 7420 6368 616e 6765 2077 6974 o not change wit\n+0003fa50: 6820 6561 6368 0a63 6861 6e67 6520 696e h each.change in\n+0003fa60: 2074 6865 206c 6962 7261 7279 2073 6861 the library sha\n+0003fa70: 7265 6420 6f62 6a65 6374 2076 6572 7369 red object versi\n+0003fa80: 6f6e 2c20 796f 7520 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 on, you must not\n+0003fa90: 2070 7574 2074 6865 6d20 696e 0a74 6865 put them in.the\n+0003faa0: 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 shared library \n+0003fab0: 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 4f74 6865 7277 package. Otherw\n+0003fac0: 6973 652c 2073 6576 6572 616c 2076 6572 ise, several ver\n+0003fad0: 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6861 sions of the sha\n+0003fae0: 7265 640a 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6361 6e6e red.library cann\n+0003faf0: 6f74 2062 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 ot be installed \n+0003fb00: 6174 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7469 6d65 at the same time\n+0003fb10: 2077 6974 686f 7574 2066 696c 656e 616d without filenam\n+0003fb20: 6520 636c 6173 6865 732c 0a6d 616b 696e e clashes,.makin\n+0003fb30: 6720 7570 6772 6164 6573 2061 6e64 2074 g upgrades and t\n+0003fb40: 7261 6e73 6974 696f 6e73 2075 6e6e 6563 ransitions unnec\n+0003fb50: 6573 7361 7269 6c79 2064 6966 6669 6375 essarily difficu\n+0003fb60: 6c74 2e0a 0a49 7420 6973 2072 6563 6f6d lt...It is recom\n+0003fb70: 6d65 6e64 6564 2074 6861 7420 7375 7070 mended that supp\n+0003fb80: 6f72 7469 6e67 2066 696c 6573 2061 6e64 orting files and\n+0003fb90: 2072 756e 2d74 696d 6520 7375 7070 6f72 run-time suppor\n+0003fba0: 7420 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 0a74 6861 7420 t programs.that \n+0003fbb0: 646f 206e 6f74 206e 6565 6420 746f 2062 do not need to b\n+0003fbc0: 6520 696e 766f 6b65 6420 6d61 6e75 616c e invoked manual\n+0003fbd0: 6c79 2062 7920 7573 6572 732c 2062 7574 ly by users, but\n+0003fbe0: 2061 7265 206e 6576 6572 7468 656c 6573 are nevertheles\n+0003fbf0: 730a 7265 7175 6972 6564 2066 6f72 2074 s.required for t\n+0003fc00: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6f20 6675 he package to fu\n+0003fc10: 6e63 7469 6f6e 2c20 6265 2070 6c61 6365 nction, be place\n+0003fc20: 6420 2869 6620 7468 6579 2061 7265 2062 d (if they are b\n+0003fc30: 696e 6172 7929 2069 6e0a 6120 7375 6264 inary) in.a subd\n+0003fc40: 6972 6563 746f 7279 206f 6620 e280 982f irectory of .../\n+0003fc50: 7573 722f 6c69 62e2 8099 2c20 7072 6566 usr/lib..., pref\n+0003fc60: 6572 6162 6c79 2075 6e64 6572 20e2 8098 erably under ...\n+0003fc70: 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2fe2 8099 7061 636b /usr/lib/...pack\n+0003fc80: 6167 652d 6e61 6d65 2e0a 4966 2074 6865 age-name..If the\n+0003fc90: 2070 726f 6772 616d 206f 7220 6669 6c65 program or file\n+0003fca0: 2069 7320 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 is architecture\n+0003fcb0: 2069 6e64 6570 656e 6465 6e74 2c20 7468 independent, th\n+0003fcc0: 6520 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6461 7469 6f6e e recommendation\n+0003fcd0: 0a69 7320 666f 7220 6974 2074 6f20 6265 .is for it to be\n+0003fce0: 2070 6c61 6365 6420 696e 2061 2073 7562 placed in a sub\n+0003fcf0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6f66 20e2 8098 directory of ...\n+0003fd00: 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 e280 9920 696e /usr/share... in\n+0003fd10: 7374 6561 642c 0a70 7265 6665 7261 626c stead,.preferabl\n+0003fd20: 7920 756e 6465 7220 e280 982f 7573 722f y under .../usr/\n+0003fd30: 7368 6172 652f e280 9970 6163 6b61 6765 share/...package\n+0003fd40: 2d6e 616d 652e 2020 466f 6c6c 6f77 696e -name. Followin\n+0003fd50: 6720 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 652d 6e61 g the package-na\n+0003fd60: 6d65 0a6e 616d 696e 6720 636f 6e76 656e me.naming conven\n+0003fd70: 7469 6f6e 2065 6e73 7572 6573 2074 6861 tion ensures tha\n+0003fd80: 7420 7468 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6573 t the file names\n+0003fd90: 2063 6861 6e67 6520 7768 656e 2074 6865 change when the\n+0003fda0: 2073 6861 7265 640a 6f62 6a65 6374 2076 shared.object v\n+0003fdb0: 6572 7369 6f6e 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2e0a ersion changes..\n+0003fdc0: 0a52 756e 2d74 696d 6520 7375 7070 6f72 .Run-time suppor\n+0003fdd0: 7420 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 2074 6861 7420 t programs that \n+0003fde0: 7573 6520 7468 6520 7368 6172 6564 206c use the shared l\n+0003fdf0: 6962 7261 7279 2062 7574 2061 7265 206e ibrary but are n\n+0003fe00: 6f74 0a72 6571 7569 7265 6420 666f 7220 ot.required for \n+0003fe10: 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 746f 2066 the library to f\n+0003fe20: 756e 6374 696f 6e20 6f72 2066 696c 6573 unction or files\n+0003fe30: 2075 7365 6420 6279 2074 6865 2073 6861 used by the sha\n+0003fe40: 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 790a 7468 6174 red library.that\n+0003fe50: 2063 616e 2062 6520 7573 6564 2062 7920 can be used by \n+0003fe60: 616e 7920 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 any version of t\n+0003fe70: 6865 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 he shared librar\n+0003fe80: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 y package should\n+0003fe90: 0a69 6e73 7465 6164 2062 6520 7075 7420 .instead be put \n+0003fea0: 696e 2061 2073 6570 6172 6174 6520 7061 in a separate pa\n+0003feb0: 636b 6167 652e 2020 5468 6973 2070 6163 ckage. This pac\n+0003fec0: 6b61 6765 206d 6967 6874 2074 7970 6963 kage might typic\n+0003fed0: 616c 6c79 2062 650a 6e61 6d65 6420 6c69 ally be.named li\n+0003fee0: 6272 6172 796e 616d 652d 746f 6f6c 733b braryname-tools;\n+0003fef0: 206e 6f74 6520 7468 6520 6162 7365 6e63 note the absenc\n+0003ff00: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6f76 6572 7369 e of the soversi\n+0003ff10: 6f6e 2069 6e20 7468 650a 7061 636b 6167 on in the.packag\n+0003ff20: 6520 6e61 6d65 2e0a 0a46 696c 6573 2061 e name...Files a\n+0003ff30: 6e64 2073 7570 706f 7274 2070 726f 6772 nd support progr\n+0003ff40: 616d 7320 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 6675 6c20 ams only useful \n+0003ff50: 7768 656e 2063 6f6d 7069 6c69 6e67 2073 when compiling s\n+0003ff60: 6f66 7477 6172 6520 6167 6169 6e73 740a oftware against.\n+0003ff70: 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7368 6f75 the library shou\n+0003ff80: 6c64 2062 6520 696e 636c 7564 6564 2069 ld be included i\n+0003ff90: 6e20 7468 6520 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e n the developmen\n+0003ffa0: 7420 7061 636b 6167 6520 666f 7220 7468 t package for th\n+0003ffb0: 650a 6c69 6272 6172 792e 2020 2831 290a e.library. (1).\n+0003ffc0: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n+0003ffd0: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n+0003ffe0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 466f 7220 ---.. (1) For \n+0003fff0: 6578 616d 706c 652c 2061 20e2 8098 7061 example, a ...pa\n+00040000: 636b 6167 652d 6e61 6d65 2d63 6f6e 6669 ckage-name-confi\n+00040010: 67e2 8099 2073 6372 6970 7420 6f72 2070 g... script or p\n+00040020: 6b67 2d63 6f6e 6669 670a 636f 6e66 6967 kg-config.config\n+00040030: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 732e 0a0a uration files...\n+00040040: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n+00040050: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n+00040060: 653a 2053 7461 7469 6320 6c69 6272 6172 e: Static librar\n+00040070: 6965 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4465 7665 ies, Next: Deve\n+00040080: 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 6669 6c65 732c 2020 lopment files, \n+00040090: 5072 6576 3a20 5368 6172 6564 206c 6962 Prev: Shared lib\n+000400a0: 7261 7279 2073 7570 706f 7274 2066 696c rary support fil\n+000400b0: 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6861 7265 6420 es, Up: Shared \n+000400c0: 6c69 6272 6172 6965 730a 0a38 2e33 2053 libraries..8.3 S\n+000400d0: 7461 7469 6320 6c69 6272 6172 6965 730a tatic libraries.\n+000400e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000400f0: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7374 6174 6963 ====..The static\n+00040100: 206c 6962 7261 7279 2028 e280 986c 6962 library (...lib\n+00040110: 7261 7279 6e61 6d65 2e61 e280 9929 2069 raryname.a...) i\n+00040120: 7320 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 7072 6f76 6964 s usually provid\n+00040130: 6564 2069 6e20 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 2074 ed in addition t\n+00040140: 6f0a 7468 6520 7368 6172 6564 2076 6572 o.the shared ver\n+00040150: 7369 6f6e 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2070 6c61 sion. It is pla\n+00040160: 6365 6420 696e 746f 2074 6865 2064 6576 ced into the dev\n+00040170: 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2070 6163 6b61 6765 elopment package\n+00040180: 2028 7365 650a 6265 6c6f 7729 2e0a 0a49 (see.below)...I\n+00040190: 6e20 736f 6d65 2063 6173 6573 2c20 6974 n some cases, it\n+000401a0: 2069 7320 6163 6365 7074 6162 6c65 2066 is acceptable f\n+000401b0: 6f72 2061 206c 6962 7261 7279 2074 6f20 or a library to \n+000401c0: 6265 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 be available in \n+000401d0: 7374 6174 6963 0a66 6f72 6d20 6f6e 6c79 static.form only\n+000401e0: 3b20 7468 6573 6520 6361 7365 7320 696e ; these cases in\n+000401f0: 636c 7564 653a 0a0a 2020 202d 206c 6962 clude:.. - lib\n+00040200: 7261 7269 6573 2066 6f72 206c 616e 6775 raries for langu\n+00040210: 6167 6573 2077 686f 7365 2073 6861 7265 ages whose share\n+00040220: 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7375 7070 6f72 d library suppor\n+00040230: 7420 6973 2069 6d6d 6174 7572 6520 6f72 t is immature or\n+00040240: 0a20 2020 2020 756e 7374 6162 6c65 0a0a . unstable..\n+00040250: 2020 202d 206c 6962 7261 7269 6573 2077 - libraries w\n+00040260: 686f 7365 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 7320 hose interfaces \n+00040270: 6172 6520 696e 2066 6c75 7820 6f72 2075 are in flux or u\n+00040280: 6e64 6572 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 nder development\n+00040290: 0a20 2020 2020 2863 6f6d 6d6f 6e6c 7920 . (commonly \n+000402a0: 7468 6520 6361 7365 2077 6865 6e20 7468 the case when th\n+000402b0: 6520 6c69 6272 6172 79e2 8099 7320 6d61 e library...s ma\n+000402c0: 6a6f 7220 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 6d62 jor version numb\n+000402d0: 6572 2069 7320 7a65 726f 2c0a 2020 2020 er is zero,. \n+000402e0: 206f 7220 7768 6572 6520 7468 6520 4142 or where the AB\n+000402f0: 4920 6272 6561 6b73 2061 6372 6f73 7320 I breaks across \n+00040300: 7061 7463 686c 6576 656c 7329 0a0a 2020 patchlevels).. \n+00040310: 202d 206c 6962 7261 7269 6573 2077 6869 - libraries whi\n+00040320: 6368 2061 7265 2065 7870 6c69 6369 746c ch are explicitl\n+00040330: 7920 696e 7465 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 6265 y intended to be\n+00040340: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e6c 7920 available only \n+00040350: 696e 0a20 2020 2020 7374 6174 6963 2066 in. static f\n+00040360: 6f72 6d20 6279 2074 6865 6972 2075 7073 orm by their ups\n+00040370: 7472 6561 6d20 6175 7468 6f72 2873 290a tream author(s).\n+00040380: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n+00040390: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n+000403a0: 6465 3a20 4465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 de: Development \n+000403b0: 6669 6c65 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4465 files, Next: De\n+000403c0: 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2062 6574 7765 pendencies betwe\n+000403d0: 656e 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 en the packages \n+000403e0: 6f66 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6c69 6272 of the same libr\n+000403f0: 6172 792c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5374 6174 ary, Prev: Stat\n+00040400: 6963 206c 6962 7261 7269 6573 2c20 2055 ic libraries, U\n+00040410: 703a 2053 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 p: Shared librar\n+00040420: 6965 730a 0a38 2e34 2044 6576 656c 6f70 ies..8.4 Develop\n+00040430: 6d65 6e74 2066 696c 6573 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d ment files.=====\n+00040440: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00040450: 0a0a 4966 2074 6865 7265 2061 7265 2064 ..If there are d\n+00040460: 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2066 696c 6573 evelopment files\n+00040470: 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 6420 7769 7468 associated with\n+00040480: 2061 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 a shared librar\n+00040490: 792c 2074 6865 0a73 6f75 7263 6520 7061 y, the.source pa\n+000404a0: 636b 6167 6520 6e65 6564 7320 746f 2067 ckage needs to g\n+000404b0: 656e 6572 6174 6520 6120 6269 6e61 7279 enerate a binary\n+000404c0: 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2070 6163 development pac\n+000404d0: 6b61 6765 206e 616d 6564 0a6c 6962 7261 kage named.libra\n+000404e0: 7279 6e61 6d65 2d64 6576 2c20 6f72 2069 ryname-dev, or i\n+000404f0: 6620 796f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7375 f you need to su\n+00040500: 7070 6f72 7420 6d75 6c74 6970 6c65 2064 pport multiple d\n+00040510: 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2076 6572 7369 evelopment versi\n+00040520: 6f6e 730a 6174 2061 2074 696d 652c 206c ons.at a time, l\n+00040530: 6962 7261 7279 6e61 6d65 6170 6976 6572 ibrarynameapiver\n+00040540: 7369 6f6e 2d64 6576 2e20 2049 6e73 7461 sion-dev. Insta\n+00040550: 6c6c 696e 6720 7468 6520 6465 7665 6c6f lling the develo\n+00040560: 706d 656e 740a 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d75 pment.package mu\n+00040570: 7374 2072 6573 756c 7420 696e 2069 6e73 st result in ins\n+00040580: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 6c6c tallation of all\n+00040590: 2074 6865 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 the development\n+000405a0: 2066 696c 6573 0a6e 6563 6573 7361 7279 files.necessary\n+000405b0: 2066 6f72 2063 6f6d 7069 6c69 6e67 2070 for compiling p\n+000405c0: 726f 6772 616d 7320 6167 6169 6e73 7420 rograms against \n+000405d0: 7468 6174 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 that shared libr\n+000405e0: 6172 792e 2020 2831 290a 0a49 6e20 6361 ary. (1)..In ca\n+000405f0: 7365 2073 6576 6572 616c 2064 6576 656c se several devel\n+00040600: 6f70 6d65 6e74 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 opment versions \n+00040610: 6f66 2061 206c 6962 7261 7279 2065 7869 of a library exi\n+00040620: 7374 2c20 796f 7520 6d61 7920 6e65 6564 st, you may need\n+00040630: 2074 6f0a 7573 6520 e280 9864 706b 67e2 to.use ...dpkg.\n+00040640: 8099 e280 9973 2043 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 .....s Conflicts\n+00040650: 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2028 7365 6520 mechanism (see \n+00040660: 2a6e 6f74 6520 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 696e *note Conflictin\n+00040670: 6720 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 g binary package\n+00040680: 730a 2d20 436f 6e66 6c69 6374 733a 2066 s.- Conflicts: f\n+00040690: 342e 2920 746f 2065 6e73 7572 6520 7468 4.) to ensure th\n+000406a0: 6174 2074 6865 2075 7365 7220 6f6e 6c79 at the user only\n+000406b0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 7320 6f6e 6520 6465 installs one de\n+000406c0: 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 740a 7665 7273 696f velopment.versio\n+000406d0: 6e20 6174 2061 2074 696d 6520 2861 7320 n at a time (as \n+000406e0: 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 6465 7665 6c6f different develo\n+000406f0: 706d 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e73 2061 pment versions a\n+00040700: 7265 206c 696b 656c 7920 746f 2068 6176 re likely to hav\n+00040710: 650a 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2068 6561 6465 e.the same heade\n+00040720: 7220 6669 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 6d2c r files in them,\n+00040730: 2077 6869 6368 2077 6f75 6c64 2063 6175 which would cau\n+00040740: 7365 2061 2066 696c 656e 616d 6520 636c se a filename cl\n+00040750: 6173 6820 6966 0a62 6f74 6820 7765 7265 ash if.both were\n+00040760: 2075 6e70 6163 6b65 6429 2e0a 0a54 6865 unpacked)...The\n+00040770: 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2070 6163 development pac\n+00040780: 6b61 6765 2073 686f 756c 6420 636f 6e74 kage should cont\n+00040790: 6169 6e20 6120 7379 6d6c 696e 6b20 666f ain a symlink fo\n+000407a0: 7220 7468 6520 6173 736f 6369 6174 6564 r the associated\n+000407b0: 0a73 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 .shared library \n+000407c0: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6120 7665 7273 696f without a versio\n+000407d0: 6e20 6e75 6d62 6572 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 n number. For e\n+000407e0: 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 7468 6520 6c69 6267 xample, the libg\n+000407f0: 6462 6d2d 6465 760a 7061 636b 6167 6520 dbm-dev.package \n+00040800: 7368 6f75 6c64 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 2061 should include a\n+00040810: 2073 796d 6c69 6e6b 2066 726f 6d20 e280 symlink from ..\n+00040820: 982f 7573 722f 6c69 622f 6c69 6267 6462 ./usr/lib/libgdb\n+00040830: 6d2e 736f e280 9920 746f 0ae2 8098 6c69 m.so... to....li\n+00040840: 6267 6462 6d2e 736f 2e33 2e30 2e30 e280 bgdbm.so.3.0.0..\n+00040850: 992e 2020 5468 6973 2073 796d 6c69 6e6b .. This symlink\n+00040860: 2069 7320 6e65 6564 6564 2062 7920 7468 is needed by th\n+00040870: 6520 6c69 6e6b 6572 2028 e280 986c 64e2 e linker (...ld.\n+00040880: 8099 2920 7768 656e 0a63 6f6d 7069 6c69 ..) when.compili\n+00040890: 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2061 7320 ng packages, as \n+000408a0: 6974 2077 696c 6c20 6f6e 6c79 206c 6f6f it will only loo\n+000408b0: 6b20 666f 7220 e280 986c 6962 6764 626d k for ...libgdbm\n+000408c0: 2e73 6fe2 8099 2077 6865 6e20 636f 6d70 .so... when comp\n+000408d0: 696c 696e 670a 6479 6e61 6d69 6361 6c6c iling.dynamicall\n+000408e0: 792e 0a0a 4966 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 y...If the packa\n+000408f0: 6765 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 4164 6120 ge provides Ada \n+00040900: 4c69 6272 6172 7920 496e 666f 726d 6174 Library Informat\n+00040910: 696f 6e20 28e2 8098 2a2e 616c 69e2 8099 ion (...*.ali...\n+00040920: 2920 6669 6c65 7320 666f 7220 7573 650a ) files for use.\n+00040930: 7769 7468 2047 4e41 542c 2074 6865 7365 with GNAT, these\n+00040940: 2066 696c 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 2069 files must be i\n+00040950: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2072 6561 642d 6f6e nstalled read-on\n+00040960: 6c79 2028 6d6f 6465 2030 3434 3429 2073 ly (mode 0444) s\n+00040970: 6f20 7468 6174 0a47 4e41 5420 7769 6c6c o that.GNAT will\n+00040980: 206e 6f74 2061 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 not attempt to \n+00040990: 7265 636f 6d70 696c 6520 7468 656d 2e20 recompile them. \n+000409a0: 2054 6869 7320 6f76 6572 7269 6465 7320 This overrides \n+000409b0: 7468 6520 6e6f 726d 616c 2066 696c 650a the normal file.\n+000409c0: 6d6f 6465 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 mode requirement\n+000409d0: 7320 6769 7665 6e20 696e 202a 6e6f 7465 s given in *note\n+000409e0: 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 Permissions and\n+000409f0: 206f 776e 6572 733a 2031 3065 2e0a 0a20 owners: 10e... \n+00040a00: 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f ---------- Foo\n+00040a10: 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tnotes ---------\n+00040a20: 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 5468 6973 2077 -.. (1) This w\n+00040a30: 6f72 6469 6e67 2061 6c6c 6f77 7320 7468 ording allows th\n+00040a40: 6520 6465 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 6669 e development fi\n+00040a50: 6c65 7320 746f 2062 6520 7370 6c69 7420 les to be split \n+00040a60: 696e 746f 0a73 6576 6572 616c 2070 6163 into.several pac\n+00040a70: 6b61 6765 732c 2073 7563 6820 6173 2061 kages, such as a\n+00040a80: 2073 6570 6172 6174 6520 6172 6368 6974 separate archit\n+00040a90: 6563 7475 7265 2d69 6e64 6570 656e 6465 ecture-independe\n+00040aa0: 6e74 0a6c 6962 7261 7279 6e61 6d65 2d68 nt.libraryname-h\n+00040ab0: 6561 6465 7273 2c20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 eaders, provided\n+00040ac0: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6465 7665 6c6f that the develo\n+00040ad0: 706d 656e 7420 7061 636b 6167 6520 6465 pment package de\n+00040ae0: 7065 6e64 7320 6f6e 0a61 6c6c 2074 6865 pends on.all the\n+00040af0: 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 6164 6469 7469 required additi\n+00040b00: 6f6e 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e 0a0a onal packages...\n+00040b10: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n+00040b20: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n+00040b30: 653a 2044 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 e: Dependencies \n+00040b40: 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b between the pack\n+00040b50: 6167 6573 206f 6620 7468 6520 7361 6d65 ages of the same\n+00040b60: 206c 6962 7261 7279 2c20 204e 6578 743a library, Next:\n+00040b70: 2044 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6265 Dependencies be\n+00040b80: 7477 6565 6e20 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 tween the librar\n+00040b90: 7920 616e 6420 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b y and other pack\n+00040ba0: 6167 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2044 6576 ages, Prev: Dev\n+00040bb0: 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2066 696c 6573 2c20 elopment files, \n+00040bc0: 2055 703a 2053 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 Up: Shared libr\n+00040bd0: 6172 6965 730a 0a38 2e35 2044 6570 656e aries..8.5 Depen\n+00040be0: 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 dencies between \n+00040bf0: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 206f 6620 the packages of \n+00040c00: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 206c 6962 7261 7279 the same library\n+00040c10: 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .===============\n+00040c20: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00040c30: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00040c40: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5479 7069 ==========..Typi\n+00040c50: 6361 6c6c 7920 7468 6520 6465 7665 6c6f cally the develo\n+00040c60: 706d 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 7368 pment version sh\n+00040c70: 6f75 6c64 2068 6176 6520 616e 2065 7861 ould have an exa\n+00040c80: 6374 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 0a64 6570 656e ct version.depen\n+00040c90: 6465 6e63 7920 6f6e 2074 6865 2072 756e dency on the run\n+00040ca0: 7469 6d65 206c 6962 7261 7279 2c20 746f time library, to\n+00040cb0: 206d 616b 6520 7375 7265 2074 6861 7420 make sure that \n+00040cc0: 636f 6d70 696c 6174 696f 6e20 616e 640a compilation and.\n+00040cd0: 6c69 6e6b 696e 6720 6861 7070 656e 7320 linking happens \n+00040ce0: 636f 7272 6563 746c 792e 2020 5468 6520 correctly. The \n+00040cf0: e280 9824 7b62 696e 6172 793a 5665 7273 ...${binary:Vers\n+00040d00: 696f 6e7d e280 9920 7375 6273 7469 7475 ion}... substitu\n+00040d10: 7469 6f6e 0a76 6172 6961 626c 6520 6361 tion.variable ca\n+00040d20: 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 666f 7220 n be useful for \n+00040d30: 7468 6973 2070 7572 706f 7365 2e20 2028 this purpose. (\n+00040d40: 3129 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 1).. ---------\n+00040d50: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n+00040d60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2050 ------.. (1) P\n+00040d70: 7265 7669 6f75 736c 792c 20e2 8098 247b reviously, ...${\n+00040d80: 536f 7572 6365 2d56 6572 7369 6f6e 7de2 Source-Version}.\n+00040d90: 8099 2077 6173 2075 7365 642c 2062 7574 .. was used, but\n+00040da0: 2069 7473 206e 616d 6520 7761 730a 636f its name was.co\n+00040db0: 6e66 7573 696e 6720 616e 6420 6974 2068 nfusing and it h\n+00040dc0: 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6465 7072 6563 6174 as been deprecat\n+00040dd0: 6564 2073 696e 6365 2064 706b 6720 312e ed since dpkg 1.\n+00040de0: 3133 2e31 392e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 13.19.....File: \n+00040df0: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+00040e00: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2044 6570 656e fo, Node: Depen\n+00040e10: 6465 6e63 6965 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 dencies between \n+00040e20: 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 616e 6420 the library and \n+00040e30: 6f74 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 other packages, \n+00040e40: 2050 7265 763a 2044 6570 656e 6465 6e63 Prev: Dependenc\n+00040e50: 6965 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7468 6520 ies between the \n+00040e60: 7061 636b 6167 6573 206f 6620 7468 6520 packages of the \n+00040e70: 7361 6d65 206c 6962 7261 7279 2c20 2055 same library, U\n+00040e80: 703a 2053 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 p: Shared librar\n+00040e90: 6965 730a 0a38 2e36 2044 6570 656e 6465 ies..8.6 Depende\n+00040ea0: 6e63 6965 7320 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7468 ncies between th\n+00040eb0: 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 616e 6420 6f74 e library and ot\n+00040ec0: 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a3d 3d3d her packages.===\n+00040ed0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00040ee0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00040ef0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00040f00: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4966 2061 2070 6163 6b61 ====..If a packa\n+00040f10: 6765 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 6120 6269 ge contains a bi\n+00040f20: 6e61 7279 206f 7220 6c69 6272 6172 7920 nary or library \n+00040f30: 7768 6963 6820 6c69 6e6b 7320 746f 2061 which links to a\n+00040f40: 2073 6861 7265 640a 6c69 6272 6172 792c shared.library,\n+00040f50: 2077 6520 6d75 7374 2065 6e73 7572 6520 we must ensure \n+00040f60: 7468 6174 2c20 7768 656e 2074 6865 2070 that, when the p\n+00040f70: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 696e 7374 616c ackage is instal\n+00040f80: 6c65 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 0a73 7973 7465 led on the.syste\n+00040f90: 6d2c 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 7468 6520 6c69 m, all of the li\n+00040fa0: 6272 6172 6965 7320 6e65 6564 6564 2061 braries needed a\n+00040fb0: 7265 2061 6c73 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c65 re also installe\n+00040fc0: 642e 2020 5468 6573 650a 6465 7065 6e64 d. These.depend\n+00040fd0: 656e 6369 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 2061 encies must be a\n+00040fe0: 6464 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6269 6e61 dded to the bina\n+00040ff0: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6865 6e20 ry package when \n+00041000: 6974 2069 7320 6275 696c 742c 2073 696e it is built, sin\n+00041010: 6365 0a74 6865 7920 6d61 7920 6368 616e ce.they may chan\n+00041020: 6765 2062 6173 6564 206f 6e20 7768 6963 ge based on whic\n+00041030: 6820 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 2073 h version of a s\n+00041040: 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7468 hared library th\n+00041050: 6520 6269 6e61 7279 206f 720a 6c69 6272 e binary or.libr\n+00041060: 6172 7920 7761 7320 6c69 6e6b 6564 2077 ary was linked w\n+00041070: 6974 6820 6576 656e 2069 6620 7468 6572 ith even if ther\n+00041080: 6520 6172 6520 6e6f 2063 6861 6e67 6573 e are no changes\n+00041090: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 206f to the source o\n+000410a0: 660a 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 2028 666f f.the binary (fo\n+000410b0: 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2073 796d 626f r example, symbo\n+000410c0: 6c20 7665 7273 696f 6e73 2063 6861 6e67 l versions chang\n+000410d0: 652c 206d 6163 726f 7320 6265 636f 6d65 e, macros become\n+000410e0: 2066 756e 6374 696f 6e73 0a6f 7220 7669 functions.or vi\n+000410f0: 6365 2076 6572 7361 2c20 6f72 2074 6865 ce versa, or the\n+00041100: 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 binary package \n+00041110: 6d61 7920 6465 7465 726d 696e 6520 6174 may determine at\n+00041120: 2063 6f6d 7069 6c65 2d74 696d 650a 7768 compile-time.wh\n+00041130: 6574 6865 7220 6e65 7720 6c69 6272 6172 ether new librar\n+00041140: 7920 696e 7465 7266 6163 6573 2061 7265 y interfaces are\n+00041150: 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2061 6e64 2063 available and c\n+00041160: 616e 2062 6520 6361 6c6c 6564 292e 2020 an be called). \n+00041170: 546f 0a61 6c6c 6f77 2074 6865 7365 2064 To.allow these d\n+00041180: 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 746f 2062 ependencies to b\n+00041190: 6520 636f 6e73 7472 7563 7465 642c 2073 e constructed, s\n+000411a0: 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 hared libraries \n+000411b0: 6d75 7374 0a70 726f 7669 6465 2065 6974 must.provide eit\n+000411c0: 6865 7220 6120 e280 9873 796d 626f 6c73 her a ...symbols\n+000411d0: e280 9920 6669 6c65 206f 7220 6120 e280 ... file or a ..\n+000411e0: 9873 686c 6962 73e2 8099 2066 696c 652e .shlibs... file.\n+000411f0: 2020 5468 6573 6520 7072 6f76 6964 650a These provide.\n+00041200: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6f6e 2074 information on t\n+00041210: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2064 6570 656e he package depen\n+00041220: 6465 6e63 6965 7320 7265 7175 6972 6564 dencies required\n+00041230: 2074 6f20 656e 7375 7265 2074 6865 2070 to ensure the p\n+00041240: 7265 7365 6e63 650a 6f66 2069 6e74 6572 resence.of inter\n+00041250: 6661 6365 7320 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 faces provided b\n+00041260: 7920 7468 6973 206c 6962 7261 7279 2e20 y this library. \n+00041270: 2041 6e79 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6974 Any package wit\n+00041280: 6820 6269 6e61 7269 6573 206f 720a 6c69 h binaries or.li\n+00041290: 6272 6172 6965 7320 6c69 6e6b 696e 6720 braries linking \n+000412a0: 746f 2061 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 to a shared libr\n+000412b0: 6172 7920 6d75 7374 2075 7365 2074 6865 ary must use the\n+000412c0: 7365 2066 696c 6573 2074 6f20 6465 7465 se files to dete\n+000412d0: 726d 696e 650a 7468 6520 7265 7175 6972 rmine.the requir\n+000412e0: 6564 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 7320 ed dependencies \n+000412f0: 7768 656e 2069 7420 6973 2062 7569 6c74 when it is built\n+00041300: 2e20 204f 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 . 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This\n+000414d0: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2070 6572 information per\n+000414e0: 6d69 7473 2064 6574 6169 6c65 6420 616e mits detailed an\n+000414f0: 616c 7973 6973 206f 6620 7468 6520 7379 alysis of the sy\n+00041500: 6d62 6f6c 730a 7573 6564 2062 7920 6120 mbols.used by a \n+00041510: 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 2070 6163 6b61 particular packa\n+00041520: 6765 2061 6e64 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 ge and construct\n+00041530: 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 6e20 6163 6375 7261 ion of an accura\n+00041540: 7465 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 792c 0a62 te dependency,.b\n+00041550: 7574 2069 7420 7265 7175 6972 6573 2074 ut it requires t\n+00041560: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 6e74 he package maint\n+00041570: 6169 6e65 7220 746f 2074 7261 636b 206d ainer to track m\n+00041580: 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 ore information \n+00041590: 6162 6f75 740a 7468 6520 7368 6172 6564 about.the shared\n+000415a0: 206c 6962 7261 7279 2e0a 0a41 20e2 8098 library...A ...\n+000415b0: 7368 6c69 6273 e280 9920 6669 6c65 2c20 shlibs... file, \n+000415c0: 696e 2063 6f6e 7472 6173 742c 206f 6e6c in contrast, onl\n+000415d0: 7920 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 7320 7468 6520 y documents the \n+000415e0: 6c61 7374 2074 696d 6520 7468 6520 6c69 last time the li\n+000415f0: 6272 6172 790a 4142 4920 6368 616e 6765 brary.ABI change\n+00041600: 6420 696e 2061 6e79 2077 6179 2e20 2049 d in any way. I\n+00041610: 7420 6f6e 6c79 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 t only provides \n+00041620: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 information abou\n+00041630: 7420 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 790a 6173 t the library.as\n+00041640: 2061 2077 686f 6c65 2c20 6e6f 7420 696e a whole, not in\n+00041650: 6469 7669 6475 616c 2073 796d 626f 6c73 dividual symbols\n+00041660: 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 6120 7061 636b 6167 . 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This generate\n+00041740: 7320 756e 6e65 6365 7373 6172 696c 790a s unnecessarily.\n+00041750: 7265 7374 7269 6374 6976 6520 6465 7065 restrictive depe\n+00041760: 6e64 656e 6369 6573 2063 6f6d 7061 7265 ndencies compare\n+00041770: 6420 746f 20e2 8098 7379 6d62 6f6c 73e2 d to ...symbols.\n+00041780: 8099 2066 696c 6573 2069 6620 6e6f 6e65 .. files if none\n+00041790: 206f 6620 7468 650a 7379 6d62 6f6c 7320 of the.symbols \n+000417a0: 7573 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 7061 636b used by the pack\n+000417b0: 6167 6520 6861 7665 2063 6861 6e67 6564 age have changed\n+000417c0: 2e20 2054 6869 732c 2069 6e20 7475 726e . 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(1\n+00041ef0: 2920 2054 6f20 646f 2074 6869 732c 2070 ) To do this, p\n+00041f00: 7574 2061 2063 616c 6c20 746f 0ae2 8098 ut a call to....\n+00041f10: 6470 6b67 2d73 686c 6962 6465 7073 e280 dpkg-shlibdeps..\n+00041f20: 9920 696e 746f 2079 6f75 7220 e280 9864 . into your ...d\n+00041f30: 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 2066 ebian/rules... f\n+00041f40: 696c 6520 696e 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 ile in the sourc\n+00041f50: 6520 7061 636b 6167 652e 0a4c 6973 7420 e package..List \n+00041f60: 616c 6c20 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 7069 all of the compi\n+00041f70: 6c65 6420 6269 6e61 7269 6573 2c20 6c69 led binaries, li\n+00041f80: 6272 6172 6965 732c 206f 7220 6c6f 6164 braries, or load\n+00041f90: 6162 6c65 206d 6f64 756c 6573 2069 6e0a able modules in.\n+00041fa0: 796f 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 2028 your package. 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(5).. \n+00042850: 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 ---------- Foot\n+00042860: 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d notes ----------\n+00042870: 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 .. 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(see *note \n+00044900: 5072 6f76 6964 696e 6720 610a 2020 2020 Providing a. \n+00044910: 2073 796d 626f 6c73 2066 696c 653a 2031 symbols file: 1\n+00044920: 3162 2e29 2e20 20e2 8098 7379 6d62 6f6c 1b.). ...symbol\n+00044930: 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6573 2066 6f75 6e64 s... files found\n+00044940: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6275 696c 6420 7472 in the build tr\n+00044950: 6565 2074 616b 650a 2020 2020 2070 7265 ee take. pre\n+00044960: 6365 6465 6e63 6520 6f76 6572 20e2 8098 cedence over ...\n+00044970: 7379 6d62 6f6c 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6573 symbols... files\n+00044980: 2066 726f 6d20 6f74 6865 7220 6269 6e61 from other bina\n+00044990: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e 0a0a 2020 ry packages... \n+000449a0: 2020 2054 6865 7365 2066 696c 6573 206d These files m\n+000449b0: 7573 7420 6578 6973 7420 6265 666f 7265 ust exist before\n+000449c0: 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d73 686c 6962 6465 ...dpkg-shlibde\n+000449d0: 7073 e280 9920 6973 2072 756e 206f 7220 ps... is run or \n+000449e0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2064 6570 656e 6465 the. depende\n+000449f0: 6e63 6965 7320 6f66 2062 696e 6172 6965 ncies of binarie\n+00044a00: 7320 616e 6420 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 s and libraries \n+00044a10: 6672 6f6d 2061 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 from a source pa\n+00044a20: 636b 6167 6520 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 6f74 ckage on. ot\n+00044a30: 6865 7220 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 6672 her libraries fr\n+00044a40: 6f6d 2074 6861 7420 7361 6d65 2073 6f75 om that same sou\n+00044a50: 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 7769 6c6c rce package will\n+00044a60: 206e 6f74 2062 6520 636f 7272 6563 742e not be correct.\n+00044a70: 0a20 2020 2020 496e 2070 7261 6374 6963 . 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The ...sym\n+00044c70: 626f 6c73 e280 9920 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 bols... control \n+00044c80: 6669 6c65 7320 666f 7220 616c 6c20 7468 files for all th\n+00044c90: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2063 7572 7265 e packages curre\n+00044ca0: 6e74 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 696e 7374 616c ntly. instal\n+00044cb0: 6c65 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 led on the syste\n+00044cc0: 6d20 6172 6520 7365 6172 6368 6564 206c m are searched l\n+00044cd0: 6173 742e 2020 5468 6973 2077 696c 6c20 ast. This will \n+00044ce0: 6265 2074 6865 206d 6f73 740a 2020 2020 be the most. \n+00044cf0: 2063 6f6d 6d6f 6e20 736f 7572 6365 206f common source o\n+00044d00: 6620 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 f shared library\n+00044d10: 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 696e 666f dependency info\n+00044d20: 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 6573 650a rmation. These.\n+00044d30: 2020 2020 2066 696c 6573 2063 616e 2062 files can b\n+00044d40: 6520 7265 6164 2077 6974 6820 e280 9864 e read with ...d\n+00044d50: 706b 672d 7175 6572 7920 2d2d 636f 6e74 pkg-query --cont\n+00044d60: 726f 6c2d 7368 6f77 2070 6163 6b61 6765 rol-show package\n+00044d70: 2073 796d 626f 6c73 e280 992e 0a0a 4265 symbols......Be\n+00044d80: 2061 7761 7265 2074 6861 7420 6966 2061 aware that if a\n+00044d90: 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f73 686c 6962 ...debian/shlib\n+00044da0: 732e 6c6f 6361 6ce2 8099 2065 7869 7374 s.local... exist\n+00044db0: 7320 696e 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 s in the source \n+00044dc0: 7061 636b 6167 652c 0a69 7420 7769 6c6c package,.it will\n+00044dd0: 206f 7665 7272 6964 6520 616e 7920 e280 override any ..\n+00044de0: 9873 796d 626f 6c73 e280 9920 6669 6c65 .symbols... file\n+00044df0: 732e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 7468 6520 s. This is the \n+00044e00: 6f6e 6c79 2063 6173 6520 7768 6572 6520 only case where \n+00044e10: 610a e280 9873 686c 6962 73e2 8099 2069 a....shlibs... i\n+00044e20: 7320 7573 6564 2064 6573 7069 7465 20e2 s used despite .\n+00044e30: 8098 7379 6d62 6f6c 73e2 8099 2066 696c ..symbols... fil\n+00044e40: 6573 2062 6569 6e67 2070 7265 7365 6e74 es being present\n+00044e50: 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2054 6865 . See *note The\n+00044e60: 0a73 686c 6962 7320 6669 6c65 7320 7072 .shlibs files pr\n+00044e70: 6573 656e 7420 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 7973 esent on the sys\n+00044e80: 7465 6d3a 2031 3163 2e20 616e 6420 2a6e tem: 11c. and *n\n+00044e90: 6f74 6520 5468 6520 7368 6c69 6273 2073 ote The shlibs s\n+00044ea0: 7973 7465 6d3a 0a33 372e 2066 6f72 206d ystem:.37. for m\n+00044eb0: 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e2e ore information.\n+00044ec0: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n+00044ed0: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n+00044ee0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2041 6e20 ----.. (1) An \n+00044ef0: 6578 616d 706c 6520 6d61 7920 636c 6172 example may clar\n+00044f00: 6966 792e 2020 5375 7070 6f73 6520 7468 ify. Suppose th\n+00044f10: 6520 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e source package\n+00044f20: 20e2 8098 666f 6fe2 8099 0a67 656e 6572 ...foo....gener\n+00044f30: 6174 6573 2074 776f 2062 696e 6172 7920 ates two binary \n+00044f40: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2c20 e280 986c 6962 packages, ...lib\n+00044f50: 666f 6f32 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9866 foo2... and ...f\n+00044f60: 6f6f 2d72 756e 7469 6d65 e280 992e 2020 oo-runtime.... \n+00044f70: 5768 656e 0a62 7569 6c64 696e 6720 7468 When.building th\n+00044f80: 6520 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e binary package\n+00044f90: 732c 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 7465 6e74 7320 s, the contents \n+00044fa0: 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 of the packages \n+00044fb0: 6172 6520 7374 6167 6564 2069 6e0a 7468 are staged in.th\n+00044fc0: 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 7320 e280 e directories ..\n+00044fd0: 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 6c69 6266 6f6f 32e2 .debian/libfoo2.\n+00044fe0: 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e .. and ...debian\n+00044ff0: 2f66 6f6f 2d72 756e 7469 6d65 e280 9920 /foo-runtime... \n+00045000: 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2e0a 28e2 respectively..(.\n+00045010: 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f74 6d70 e280 9920 ..debian/tmp... \n+00045020: 636f 756c 6420 6265 2075 7365 6420 696e could be used in\n+00045030: 7374 6561 6420 6f66 206f 6e65 206f 6620 stead of one of \n+00045040: 7468 6573 652e 2920 2053 696e 6365 20e2 these.) Since .\n+00045050: 8098 6c69 6266 6f6f 32e2 8099 0a70 726f ..libfoo2....pro\n+00045060: 7669 6465 7320 7468 6520 e280 986c 6962 vides the ...lib\n+00045070: 666f 6fe2 8099 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 foo... shared li\n+00045080: 6272 6172 792c 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 2063 brary, it will c\n+00045090: 6f6e 7461 696e 2061 20e2 8098 7379 6d62 ontain a ...symb\n+000450a0: 6f6c 73e2 8099 2066 696c 652c 0a77 6869 ols... file,.whi\n+000450b0: 6368 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2069 6e73 7461 ch will be insta\n+000450c0: 6c6c 6564 2069 6e20 e280 9864 6562 6961 lled in ...debia\n+000450d0: 6e2f 6c69 6266 6f6f 322f 4445 4249 414e n/libfoo2/DEBIAN\n+000450e0: 2f73 796d 626f 6c73 e280 992c 2065 7665 /symbols..., eve\n+000450f0: 6e74 7561 6c6c 790a 746f 2062 6520 696e ntually.to be in\n+00045100: 636c 7564 6564 2061 7320 6120 636f 6e74 cluded as a cont\n+00045110: 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 2069 6e20 7468 6174 rol file in that\n+00045120: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 package. 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(2)..\n+00046430: 4669 6e61 6c6c 792c 2074 6865 2065 6e74 Finally, the ent\n+00046440: 7279 2066 6f72 2074 6865 206c 6962 7261 ry for the libra\n+00046450: 7279 206d 6179 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 206f ry may contain o\n+00046460: 6e65 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 206d 6574 6164 ne or more metad\n+00046470: 6174 610a 6669 656c 6473 2e20 2043 7572 ata.fields. Cur\n+00046480: 7265 6e74 6c79 2c20 7468 6520 6f6e 6c79 rently, the only\n+00046490: 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 2066 6965 6c64 supported field\n+000464a0: 2d6e 616d 6520 6973 0ae2 8098 4275 696c -name is....Buil\n+000464b0: 642d 4465 7065 6e64 732d 5061 636b 6167 d-Depends-Packag\n+000464c0: 65e2 8099 2c20 7768 6f73 6520 7661 6c75 e..., whose valu\n+000464d0: 6520 6c69 7374 7320 7468 6520 2a6e 6f74 e lists the *not\n+000464e0: 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6465 7665 6c6f e library develo\n+000464f0: 706d 656e 740a 7061 636b 6167 653a 2031 pment.package: 1\n+00046500: 3064 2e20 6f6e 2077 6869 6368 2070 6163 0d. on which pac\n+00046510: 6b61 6765 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 6973 kages using this\n+00046520: 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 shared library \n+00046530: 6465 636c 6172 6520 610a 6275 696c 6420 declare a.build \n+00046540: 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 2e20 2049 6620 dependency. If \n+00046550: 7468 6973 2066 6965 6c64 2069 7320 7072 this field is pr\n+00046560: 6573 656e 742c 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d73 esent, ...dpkg-s\n+00046570: 686c 6962 6465 7073 e280 9920 7573 6573 hlibdeps... uses\n+00046580: 2069 7420 746f 0a65 6e73 7572 6520 7468 it to.ensure th\n+00046590: 6174 2074 6865 2072 6573 756c 7469 6e67 at the resulting\n+000465a0: 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 binary package \n+000465b0: 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 206f 6e20 7468 dependency on th\n+000465c0: 6520 7368 6172 6564 0a6c 6962 7261 7279 e shared.library\n+000465d0: 2069 7320 6174 206c 6561 7374 2061 7320 is at least as \n+000465e0: 7374 7269 6374 2061 7320 7468 6520 736f strict as the so\n+000465f0: 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2064 6570 urce package dep\n+00046600: 656e 6465 6e63 7920 6f6e 2074 6865 0a73 endency on the.s\n+00046610: 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 7920 6465 hared library de\n+00046620: 7665 6c6f 706d 656e 7420 7061 636b 6167 velopment packag\n+00046630: 652e 2020 2833 2920 2046 6f72 206f 7572 e. (3) For our\n+00046640: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 7468 6520 e280 example, the ..\n+00046650: 987a 6c69 6231 67e2 8099 0ae2 8098 7379 .zlib1g.......sy\n+00046660: 6d62 6f6c 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 776f mbols... file wo\n+00046670: 756c 6420 636f 6e74 6169 6e3a 0a0a 2020 uld contain:.. \n+00046680: 2020 202a 2042 7569 6c64 2d44 6570 656e * Build-Depen\n+00046690: 6473 2d50 6163 6b61 6765 3a20 7a6c 6962 ds-Package: zlib\n+000466a0: 3167 2d64 6576 0a0a 416c 736f 2073 6565 1g-dev..Also see\n+000466b0: 20e2 8098 6465 622d 7379 6d62 6f6c 7328 ...deb-symbols(\n+000466c0: 3529 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 5)...... -----\n+000466d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n+000466e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n+000466f0: 3129 2054 6869 7320 6361 6e20 6265 2064 1) This can be d\n+00046700: 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 6420 6279 2075 7369 etermined by usi\n+00046710: 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 0a0a ng the command..\n+00046720: 2020 2020 2072 6561 6465 6c66 202d 6420 readelf -d \n+00046730: 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f6c 6962 7a2e 736f /usr/lib/libz.so\n+00046740: 2e31 2e32 2e33 2e34 207c 2067 7265 7020 .1.2.3.4 | grep \n+00046750: 534f 4e41 4d45 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 2041 SONAME.. (2) A\n+00046760: 6e20 6578 616d 706c 6520 6f66 2077 6865 n example of whe\n+00046770: 7265 2074 6869 7320 6d61 7920 6265 206e re this may be n\n+00046780: 6565 6465 6420 6973 2077 6974 6820 6120 eeded is with a \n+00046790: 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7468 6174 0a69 6d70 library that.imp\n+000467a0: 6c65 6d65 6e74 7320 7468 6520 6c69 6247 lements the libG\n+000467b0: 4c20 696e 7465 7266 6163 652e 2020 416c L interface. Al\n+000467c0: 6c20 474c 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6174 l GL implementat\n+000467d0: 696f 6e73 2070 726f 7669 6465 2074 6865 ions provide the\n+000467e0: 2073 616d 650a 7365 7420 6f66 2062 6173 same.set of bas\n+000467f0: 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 6573 2c20 616e e interfaces, an\n+00046800: 6420 7468 656e 206d 6179 2070 726f 7669 d then may provi\n+00046810: 6465 2073 6f6d 6520 6164 6469 7469 6f6e de some addition\n+00046820: 616c 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 730a 6f6e al interfaces.on\n+00046830: 6c79 2075 7365 6420 6279 2070 726f 6772 ly used by progr\n+00046840: 616d 7320 7468 6174 2072 6571 7569 7265 ams that require\n+00046850: 2074 6861 7420 7370 6563 6966 6963 2047 that specific G\n+00046860: 4c20 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e L implementation\n+00046870: 2e20 2053 6f2c 0a66 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 . 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See *note.\n+00048420: 5275 6e2d 7469 6d65 2073 6861 7265 6420 Run-time shared \n+00048430: 6c69 6272 6172 6965 733a 2031 3032 2e20 libraries: 102. \n+00048440: 666f 7220 7468 6520 6465 7461 696c 732e for the details.\n+00048450: 0a0a e280 9864 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 .....dependencie\n+00048460: 73e2 8099 2068 6173 2074 6865 2073 616d s... has the sam\n+00048470: 6520 7379 6e74 6178 2061 7320 6120 6465 e syntax as a de\n+00048480: 7065 6e64 656e 6379 2066 6965 6c64 2069 pendency field i\n+00048490: 6e20 6120 6269 6e61 7279 0a70 6163 6b61 n a binary.packa\n+000484a0: 6765 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 652e ge control file.\n+000484b0: 2020 4974 2073 686f 756c 6420 6769 7665 It should give\n+000484c0: 2064 6574 6169 6c73 206f 6620 7768 6963 details of whic\n+000484d0: 6820 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 7265 0a72 h packages are.r\n+000484e0: 6571 7569 7265 6420 746f 2073 6174 6973 equired to satis\n+000484f0: 6679 2061 2062 696e 6172 7920 6275 696c fy a binary buil\n+00048500: 7420 6167 6169 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(1).. Pac\n+00049870: 6b61 6765 7320 666f 7220 3634 2d62 6974 kages for 64-bit\n+00049880: 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 206d architectures m\n+00049890: 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 696e 7374 616c 6c20 ust not install \n+000498a0: 6669 6c65 7320 696e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 files in. ..\n+000498b0: 982f 7573 722f 6c69 6236 34e2 8099 206f ./usr/lib64... o\n+000498c0: 7220 696e 2061 2073 7562 6469 7265 6374 r in a subdirect\n+000498d0: 6f72 7920 6f66 2069 742e 0a0a 2020 2020 ory of it... \n+000498e0: 2054 6865 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 The requirement\n+000498f0: 2066 6f72 2043 2061 6e64 2043 2b2b 2068 for C and C++ h\n+00049900: 6561 6465 7273 2066 696c 6573 2074 6f20 eaders files to \n+00049910: 6265 2061 6363 6573 7369 626c 650a 2020 be accessible. \n+00049920: 2020 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2074 6865 2073 through the s\n+00049930: 6561 7263 6820 7061 7468 20e2 8098 2f75 earch path .../u\n+00049940: 7372 2f69 6e63 6c75 6465 2fe2 8099 2069 sr/include/... i\n+00049950: 7320 616d 656e 6465 642c 2070 6572 6d69 s amended, permi\n+00049960: 7474 696e 670a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6573 tting. files\n+00049970: 2074 6f20 6265 2061 6363 6573 7369 626c to be accessibl\n+00049980: 6520 7468 726f 7567 6820 7468 6520 7365 e through the se\n+00049990: 6172 6368 2070 6174 680a 2020 2020 20e2 arch path. .\n+000499a0: 8098 2f75 7372 2f69 6e63 6c75 6465 2f74 ../usr/include/t\n+000499b0: 7269 706c 6574 e280 9920 7768 6572 6520 riplet... where \n+000499c0: e280 9874 7269 706c 6574 e280 9920 6973 ...triplet... is\n+000499d0: 2061 7320 6162 6f76 652e 2020 2832 290a as above. (2).\n+000499e0: 0a20 2020 2020 4170 706c 6963 6174 696f . Applicatio\n+000499f0: 6e73 206d 6179 2061 6c73 6f20 7573 6520 ns may also use \n+00049a00: 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 2073 7562 6469 7265 a single subdire\n+00049a10: 6374 6f72 7920 756e 6465 720a 2020 2020 ctory under. \n+00049a20: 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f74 7269 .../usr/lib/tri\n+00049a30: 706c 6574 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 2020 2054 plet...... 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The requir\n+00049c80: 656d 656e 7420 7468 6174 2062 6f6f 7420 ement that boot \n+00049c90: 6d61 6e61 6765 7220 636f 6e66 6967 7572 manager configur\n+00049ca0: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 6c69 7665 ation files live\n+00049cb0: 2069 6e0a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 in. .../etc\n+00049cc0: e280 992c 206f 7220 6174 206c 6561 7374 ..., or at least\n+00049cd0: 2061 7265 2073 796d 6c69 6e6b 6564 2074 are symlinked t\n+00049ce0: 6865 7265 2c20 6973 2072 656c 6178 6564 here, is relaxed\n+00049cf0: 2074 6f20 610a 2020 2020 2072 6563 6f6d to a. recom\n+00049d00: 6d65 6e64 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 2020 382e mendation... 8.\n+00049d10: 20e2 8098 2f76 6172 2f72 756e e280 9920 .../var/run... \n+00049d20: 6973 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 746f 2062 is required to b\n+00049d30: 6520 6120 7379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c 696e e a symbolic lin\n+00049d40: 6b20 746f 20e2 8098 2f72 756e e280 992c k to .../run...,\n+00049d50: 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982f 7661 and. .../va\n+00049d60: 722f 6c6f 636b e280 9920 6973 2072 6571 r/lock... is req\n+00049d70: 7569 7265 6420 746f 2062 6520 6120 7379 uired to be a sy\n+00049d80: 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c 696e 6b20 746f 20e2 mbolic link to .\n+00049d90: 8098 2f72 756e 2f6c 6f63 6be2 8099 2e0a ../run/lock.....\n+00049da0: 0a20 2039 2e20 5468 6520 e280 982f 7661 . 9. The .../va\n+00049db0: 722f 7777 77e2 8099 2064 6972 6563 746f r/www... directo\n+00049dc0: 7279 2069 7320 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c ry is additional\n+00049dd0: 6c79 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2e0a 0a20 2031 ly allowed... 1\n+00049de0: 302e 2054 6865 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 0. The requireme\n+00049df0: 6e74 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f6c nt for .../usr/l\n+00049e00: 6f63 616c 2f73 6861 7265 2f63 6f6c 6f72 ocal/share/color\n+00049e10: e280 9920 746f 2065 7869 7374 2069 660a ... to exist if.\n+00049e20: 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 .../usr/sha\n+00049e30: 7265 2f63 6f6c 6f72 e280 9920 6578 6973 re/color... exis\n+00049e40: 7473 2069 7320 7265 6c61 7865 6420 746f ts is relaxed to\n+00049e50: 2061 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6174 696f a recommendatio\n+00049e60: 6e2e 0a0a 2020 3131 2e20 5468 6520 7265 n... 11. The re\n+00049e70: 7175 6972 656d 656e 7420 666f 7220 e280 quirement for ..\n+00049e80: 982f 7573 722f 6c6f 6361 6c2f 6c69 6271 ./usr/local/libq\n+00049e90: 7561 6ce2 8099 2074 6f20 6578 6973 7420 ual... to exist \n+00049ea0: 6966 20e2 8098 2f6c 6962 7175 616c e280 if .../libqual..\n+00049eb0: 9920 6f72 0a20 2020 2020 e280 982f 7573 . or. .../us\n+00049ec0: 722f 6c69 6271 7561 6ce2 8099 2065 7869 r/libqual... exi\n+00049ed0: 7374 7320 2877 6865 7265 20e2 8098 6c69 sts (where ...li\n+00049ee0: 6271 7561 6ce2 8099 2069 7320 6120 7661 bqual... is a va\n+00049ef0: 7269 616e 7420 6f66 20e2 8098 6c69 62e2 riant of ...lib.\n+00049f00: 8099 2073 7563 680a 2020 2020 2061 7320 .. such. as \n+00049f10: e280 986c 6962 3332 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 ...lib32... or .\n+00049f20: 8098 6c69 6236 34e2 8099 2920 6973 2072 ..lib64...) is r\n+00049f30: 656d 6f76 6564 2e0a 0a20 2031 322e 204f emoved... 12. O\n+00049f40: 6e20 474e 552f 4875 7264 2073 7973 7465 n GNU/Hurd syste\n+00049f50: 6d73 2c20 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e ms, the followin\n+00049f60: 6720 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 2064 6972 g additional dir\n+00049f70: 6563 746f 7269 6573 2061 7265 0a20 2020 ectories are. \n+00049f80: 2020 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 696e 2074 6865 allowed in the\n+00049f90: 2072 6f6f 7420 6669 6c65 7379 7374 656d root filesystem\n+00049fa0: 3a20 e280 982f 6875 7264 e280 9920 616e : .../hurd... an\n+00049fb0: 6420 e280 982f 7365 7276 6572 73e2 8099 d .../servers...\n+00049fc0: 2e20 2028 3329 0a0a 2020 3133 2e20 4173 . (3).. 13. As\n+00049fd0: 2061 6e20 6578 6365 7074 696f 6e20 746f an exception to\n+00049fe0: 2074 6865 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 the requirement\n+00049ff0: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 7265 2074 6f20 6265 for there to be\n+0004a000: 206e 6f0a 2020 2020 2073 7562 6469 7265 no. subdire\n+0004a010: 6374 6f72 6965 7320 696e 20e2 8098 2f75 ctories in .../u\n+0004a020: 7372 2f62 696e e280 992c 2074 6865 20e2 sr/bin..., the .\n+0004a030: 8098 6d68 e280 9920 6d61 696c 2d68 616e ..mh... mail-han\n+0004a040: 646c 696e 6720 7375 6974 6520 6d61 790a dling suite may.\n+0004a050: 2020 2020 2063 7265 6174 6520 e280 982f create .../\n+0004a060: 7573 722f 6269 6e2f 6d68 2fe2 8099 2c20 usr/bin/mh/..., \n+0004a070: 6173 2077 6173 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2069 as was allowed i\n+0004a080: 6e20 4648 5320 7665 7273 696f 6e20 322e n FHS version 2.\n+0004a090: 332e 2020 4f74 6865 720a 2020 2020 2073 3. Other. s\n+0004a0a0: 7562 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 7320 6172 ubdirectories ar\n+0004a0b0: 6520 6e6f 7420 616c 6c6f 7765 642e 0a0a e not allowed...\n+0004a0c0: 5468 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 The version of t\n+0004a0d0: 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2072 6566 his document ref\n+0004a0e0: 6572 7265 6420 6865 7265 2063 616e 2062 erred here can b\n+0004a0f0: 6520 666f 756e 6420 696e 2074 6865 0ae2 e found in the..\n+0004a100: 8098 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 79e2 ..debian-policy.\n+0004a110: 8099 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206f 7220 6f6e .. package or on\n+0004a120: 2046 4853 2028 4465 6269 616e 2063 6f70 FHS (Debian cop\n+0004a130: 7929 2834 2920 616c 6f6e 6773 6964 6520 y)(4) alongside \n+0004a140: 7468 6973 206d 616e 7561 6c0a 286f 722c this manual.(or,\n+0004a150: 2069 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 2074 6865 if you have the\n+0004a160: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2069 debian-policy i\n+0004a170: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2c20 796f 7520 6361 nstalled, you ca\n+0004a180: 6e20 7472 7920 4648 5320 286c 6f63 616c n try FHS (local\n+0004a190: 0a63 6f70 7929 2835 2929 2e20 2054 6865 .copy)(5)). The\n+0004a1a0: 206c 6174 6573 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e2c latest version,\n+0004a1b0: 2077 6869 6368 206d 6179 2062 6520 6120 which may be a \n+0004a1c0: 6d6f 7265 2072 6563 656e 7420 7665 7273 more recent vers\n+0004a1d0: 696f 6e2c 206d 6179 0a62 6520 666f 756e ion, may.be foun\n+0004a1e0: 6420 6f6e 2046 4853 2028 7570 7374 7265 d on FHS (upstre\n+0004a1f0: 616d 2928 3629 2e20 2053 7065 6369 6669 am)(6). Specifi\n+0004a200: 6320 7175 6573 7469 6f6e 7320 6162 6f75 c questions abou\n+0004a210: 7420 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 7468 650a t following the.\n+0004a220: 7374 616e 6461 7264 206d 6179 2062 6520 standard may be \n+0004a230: 6173 6b65 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 asked on the ...\n+0004a240: 6465 6269 616e 2d64 6576 656c e280 9920 debian-devel... \n+0004a250: 6d61 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 2c20 6f72 mailing list, or\n+0004a260: 2072 6566 6572 7265 6420 746f 0a74 6865 referred to.the\n+0004a270: 2046 4853 206d 6169 6c69 6e67 206c 6973 FHS mailing lis\n+0004a280: 7420 2873 6565 2074 6865 2046 4853 2077 t (see the FHS w\n+0004a290: 6562 2073 6974 6528 3729 2066 6f72 206d eb site(7) for m\n+0004a2a0: 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e29 ore information)\n+0004a2b0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ... ----------\n+0004a2c0: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n+0004a2d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 5468 -----.. (1) Th\n+0004a2e0: 6973 2069 7320 6e65 6365 7373 6172 7920 is is necessary \n+0004a2f0: 696e 206f 7264 6572 2074 6f20 7265 7365 in order to rese\n+0004a300: 7276 6520 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 rve the director\n+0004a310: 6965 7320 666f 7220 7573 6520 696e 0a63 ies for use in.c\n+0004a320: 726f 7373 2d69 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f ross-installatio\n+0004a330: 6e20 6f66 206c 6962 7261 7279 2070 6163 n of library pac\n+0004a340: 6b61 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 206f 7468 6572 kages from other\n+0004a350: 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 2c20 architectures, \n+0004a360: 6173 2070 6172 740a 6f66 20e2 8098 6d75 as part.of ...mu\n+0004a370: 6c74 6961 7263 68e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 ltiarch...... \n+0004a380: 2832 2920 5468 6973 2069 7320 6e65 6365 (2) This is nece\n+0004a390: 7373 6172 7920 666f 7220 6172 6368 6974 ssary for archit\n+0004a3a0: 6563 7475 7265 2d64 6570 656e 6465 6e74 ecture-dependent\n+0004a3b0: 2068 6561 6465 7273 2066 696c 6520 746f headers file to\n+0004a3c0: 0a63 6f65 7869 7374 2069 6e20 6120 e280 .coexist in a ..\n+0004a3d0: 986d 756c 7469 6172 6368 e280 9920 7365 .multiarch... se\n+0004a3e0: 7475 702e 0a0a 2020 2028 3329 2054 6865 tup... (3) The\n+0004a3f0: 7365 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 2061 se directories a\n+0004a400: 7265 2075 7365 6420 746f 2073 746f 7265 re used to store\n+0004a410: 2074 7261 6e73 6c61 746f 7273 2061 6e64 translators and\n+0004a420: 2061 7320 6120 7365 7420 6f66 0a73 7461 as a set of.sta\n+0004a430: 6e64 6172 6420 6e61 6d65 7320 666f 7220 ndard names for \n+0004a440: 6d6f 756e 7420 706f 696e 7473 2c20 7265 mount points, re\n+0004a450: 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2e0a 0a20 2020 spectively... \n+0004a460: 2834 2920 6874 7470 733a 2f2f 7777 772e (4) https://www.\n+0004a470: 6465 6269 616e 2e6f 7267 2f64 6f63 2f70 debian.org/doc/p\n+0004a480: 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 2d6d 616e 7561 6c73 ackaging-manuals\n+0004a490: 2f66 6873 2f0a 0a20 2020 2835 2920 6669 /fhs/.. (5) fi\n+0004a4a0: 6c65 3a2f 2f2f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f le:///usr/share/\n+0004a4b0: 646f 632f 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 doc/debian-polic\n+0004a4c0: 792f 6668 732f 0a0a 2020 2028 3629 2068 y/fhs/.. 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Normal\n+0004b540: 6c79 2c20 7468 6973 2069 7320 646f 6e65 ly, this is done\n+0004b550: 2062 7920 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 by the package \n+0004b560: 7669 6120 616e 0a69 6e69 7420 7363 7269 via an.init scri\n+0004b570: 7074 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2057 pt. 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(e.g\n-0004c940: 2e0a e280 9878 2d73 6368 656d 652d 6861 .....x-scheme-ha\n-0004c950: 6e64 6c65 722f 6874 7470 73e2 8099 292e ndler/https...).\n-0004c960: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e ....File: debian\n-0004c970: 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e -policy.info, N\n-0004c980: 6f64 653a 2052 6567 6973 7472 6174 696f ode: Registratio\n-0004c990: 6e20 6f66 206d 6564 6961 2074 7970 6520 n of media type \n-0004c9a0: 6861 6e64 6c65 7273 2077 6974 6820 6d61 handlers with ma\n-0004c9b0: 696c 6361 7020 656e 7472 6965 732c 2020 ilcap entries, \n-0004c9c0: 4e65 7874 3a20 5072 6f76 6964 696e 6720 Next: Providing \n-0004c9d0: 6d65 6469 6120 7479 7065 7320 746f 2066 media types to f\n-0004c9e0: 696c 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2052 6567 iles, Prev: Reg\n-0004c9f0: 6973 7472 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 206d 6564 istration of med\n-0004ca00: 6961 2074 7970 6520 6861 6e64 6c65 7273 ia type handlers\n-0004ca10: 2077 6974 6820 6465 736b 746f 7020 656e with desktop en\n-0004ca20: 7472 6965 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4d75 6c74 tries, Up: Mult\n-0004ca30: 696d 6564 6961 2068 616e 646c 6572 730a imedia handlers.\n-0004ca40: 0a38 2e37 2e32 2052 6567 6973 7472 6174 .8.7.2 Registrat\n-0004ca50: 696f 6e20 6f66 206d 6564 6961 2074 7970 ion of media typ\n-0004ca60: 6520 6861 6e64 6c65 7273 2077 6974 6820 e handlers with \n-0004ca70: 6d61 696c 6361 7020 656e 7472 6965 730a mailcap entries.\n-0004ca80: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0004ca90: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0004caa0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0004cab0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a --------------..\n-0004cac0: 5061 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 6172 Packages that ar\n-0004cad0: 6520 6e6f 7420 7573 696e 6720 6465 736b e not using desk\n-0004cae0: 746f 7020 656e 7472 6965 7320 666f 7220 top entries for \n-0004caf0: 7265 6769 7374 7261 7469 6f6e 2073 686f registration sho\n-0004cb00: 756c 640a 696e 7374 616c 6c20 6120 6669 uld.install a fi\n-0004cb10: 6c65 2069 6e20 e280 986d 6169 6c63 6170 le in ...mailcap\n-0004cb20: 2835 29e2 8099 2066 6f72 6d61 7420 2852 (5)... format (R\n-0004cb30: 4643 2031 3532 3429 2069 6e20 7468 6520 FC 1524) in the \n-0004cb40: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 790a e280 982f 7573 directory..../us\n-0004cb50: 722f 6c69 622f 6d69 6d65 2f70 6163 6b61 r/lib/mime/packa\n-0004cb60: 6765 732f e280 992e 2020 5468 6520 6669 ges/.... The fi\n-0004cb70: 6c65 206e 616d 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 le name should b\n-0004cb80: 6520 7468 6520 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 e the binary pac\n-0004cb90: 6b61 6765 e280 9973 0a6e 616d 652e 0a0a kage...s.name...\n-0004cba0: 5468 6520 6d61 696c 6361 7020 7061 636b The mailcap pack\n-0004cbb0: 6167 6520 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2074 6865 age provides the\n-0004cbc0: 20e2 8098 7570 6461 7465 2d6d 696d 65e2 ...update-mime.\n-0004cbd0: 8099 2070 726f 6772 616d 2c20 7768 6963 .. program, whic\n-0004cbe0: 6820 696e 7465 6772 6174 6573 0a74 6865 h integrates.the\n-0004cbf0: 7365 2072 6567 6973 7472 6174 696f 6e73 se registrations\n-0004cc00: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 982f 6574 632f in the .../etc/\n-0004cc10: 6d61 696c 6361 70e2 8099 2066 696c 652c mailcap... file,\n-0004cc20: 2075 7369 6e67 2064 706b 6720 7472 6967 using dpkg trig\n-0004cc30: 6765 7273 2e0a 2831 290a 0a50 6163 6b61 gers..(1)..Packa\n-0004cc40: 6765 7320 696e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2064 ges installing d\n-0004cc50: 6573 6b74 6f70 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2073 esktop entries s\n-0004cc60: 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 696e 7374 616c hould not instal\n-0004cc70: 6c20 6d61 696c 6361 7020 656e 7472 6965 l mailcap entrie\n-0004cc80: 730a 666f 7220 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2070 s.for the same p\n-0004cc90: 726f 6772 616d 2c20 6265 6361 7573 6520 rogram, because \n-0004cca0: 7468 6520 6d61 696c 6361 7020 7061 636b the mailcap pack\n-0004ccb0: 6167 6520 616c 7265 6164 7920 7265 6164 age already read\n-0004ccc0: 7320 6465 736b 746f 700a 656e 7472 6965 s desktop.entrie\n-0004ccd0: 732e 0a0a 5061 636b 6167 6573 2075 7369 s...Packages usi\n-0004cce0: 6e67 2074 6865 7365 2066 6163 696c 6974 ng these facilit\n-0004ccf0: 6965 7320 2773 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7427 ies 'should not'\n-0004cd00: 2064 6570 656e 6420 6f6e 2c20 7265 636f depend on, reco\n-0004cd10: 6d6d 656e 642c 206f 720a 7375 6767 6573 mmend, or.sugges\n-0004cd20: 7420 e280 986d 6169 6c63 6170 e280 992e t ...mailcap....\n-0004cd30: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n-0004cd40: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n-0004cd50: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2043 7265 ----.. (1) Cre\n-0004cd60: 6174 696e 672c 206d 6f64 6966 7969 6e67 ating, modifying\n-0004cd70: 206f 7220 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 2061 2066 or removing a f\n-0004cd80: 696c 6520 696e 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f6c ile in..../usr/l\n-0004cd90: 6962 2f6d 696d 652f 7061 636b 6167 6573 ib/mime/packages\n-0004cda0: 2fe2 8099 2075 7369 6e67 206d 6169 6e74 /... using maint\n-0004cdb0: 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 7769 ainer scripts wi\n-0004cdc0: 6c6c 206e 6f74 2061 6374 6976 6174 6520 ll not activate \n-0004cdd0: 7468 650a 7472 6967 6765 722e 2020 496e the.trigger. In\n-0004cde0: 2074 6861 7420 6361 7365 2c20 6974 2063 that case, it c\n-0004cdf0: 616e 2062 6520 646f 6e65 2062 7920 6361 an be done by ca\n-0004ce00: 6c6c 696e 6720 e280 9864 706b 672d 7472 lling ...dpkg-tr\n-0004ce10: 6967 6765 720a 2d2d 6e6f 2d61 7761 6974 igger.--no-await\n-0004ce20: 202f 7573 722f 6c69 622f 6d69 6d65 2f70 /usr/lib/mime/p\n-0004ce30: 6163 6b61 6765 73e2 8099 2066 726f 6d20 ackages... from \n-0004ce40: 7468 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 the maintainer s\n-0004ce50: 6372 6970 7420 6166 7465 720a 6372 6561 cript after.crea\n-0004ce60: 7469 6e67 2c20 6d6f 6469 6679 696e 672c ting, modifying,\n-0004ce70: 206f 7220 7265 6d6f 7669 6e67 2074 6865 or removing the\n-0004ce80: 2066 696c 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 file.....File: \n-0004ce90: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n-0004cea0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2050 726f 7669 fo, Node: Provi\n-0004ceb0: 6469 6e67 206d 6564 6961 2074 7970 6573 ding media types\n-0004cec0: 2074 6f20 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5072 6576 to files, Prev\n-0004ced0: 3a20 5265 6769 7374 7261 7469 6f6e 206f : Registration o\n-0004cee0: 6620 6d65 6469 6120 7479 7065 2068 616e f media type han\n-0004cef0: 646c 6572 7320 7769 7468 206d 6169 6c63 dlers with mailc\n-0004cf00: 6170 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2c20 2055 703a ap entries, Up:\n-0004cf10: 204d 756c 7469 6d65 6469 6120 6861 6e64 Multimedia hand\n-0004cf20: 6c65 7273 0a0a 382e 372e 3320 5072 6f76 lers..8.7.3 Prov\n-0004cf30: 6964 696e 6720 6d65 6469 6120 7479 7065 iding media type\n-0004cf40: 7320 746f 2066 696c 6573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d s to files.-----\n-0004cf50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0004cf60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-0004cf70: 0a54 6865 206d 6564 6961 2074 7970 6520 .The media type \n-0004cf80: 6f66 2061 2066 696c 6520 6973 2064 6973 of a file is dis\n-0004cf90: 636f 7665 7265 6420 6279 2069 6e73 7065 covered by inspe\n-0004cfa0: 6374 696e 6720 7468 6520 6669 6c65 e280 cting the file..\n-0004cfb0: 9973 0a65 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 206f 7220 .s.extension or \n-0004cfc0: 6974 7320 e280 986d 6167 6963 2835 29e2 its ...magic(5).\n-0004cfd0: 8099 2070 6174 7465 726e 2c20 616e 6420 .. pattern, and \n-0004cfe0: 696e 7465 7272 6f67 6174 696e 6720 6120 interrogating a \n-0004cff0: 6461 7461 6261 7365 0a61 7373 6f63 6961 database.associa\n-0004d000: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 6d20 7769 7468 206d ting them with m\n-0004d010: 6564 6961 2074 7970 6573 2e0a 0a54 6f20 edia types...To \n-0004d020: 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6e65 7720 6173 736f support new asso\n-0004d030: 6369 6174 696f 6e73 2062 6574 7765 656e ciations between\n-0004d040: 206d 6564 6961 2074 7970 6573 2061 6e64 media types and\n-0004d050: 2066 696c 6573 2c20 7468 6569 720a 6368 files, their.ch\n-0004d060: 6172 6163 7465 7269 7374 6963 2066 696c aracteristic fil\n-0004d070: 6520 6578 7465 6e73 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 e extensions and\n-0004d080: 206d 6167 6963 2070 6174 7465 726e 7320 magic patterns \n-0004d090: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7265 6769 7374 should be regist\n-0004d0a0: 6572 6564 0a74 6f20 7468 6520 4941 4e41 ered.to the IANA\n-0004d0b0: 2028 496e 7465 726e 6574 2041 7373 6967 (Internet Assig\n-0004d0c0: 6e65 6420 4e75 6d62 6572 7320 4175 7468 ned Numbers Auth\n-0004d0d0: 6f72 6974 7929 2e20 2053 6565 0ae2 8098 ority). See....\n-0004d0e0: 6874 7470 733a 2f2f 7777 772e 6961 6e61 https://www.iana\n-0004d0f0: 2e6f 7267 2f61 7373 6967 6e6d 656e 7473 .org/assignments\n-0004d100: 2f6d 6564 6961 2d74 7970 6573 e280 9920 /media-types... \n-0004d110: 616e 6420 5246 4320 3638 3338 2066 6f72 and RFC 6838 for\n-0004d120: 2064 6574 6169 6c73 2e0a 5468 6973 2069 details..This i\n-0004d130: 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2077 696c 6c20 nformation will \n-0004d140: 7468 656e 2070 726f 7061 6761 7465 2074 then propagate t\n-0004d150: 6f20 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 7320 6469 o the systems di\n-0004d160: 7363 6f76 6572 696e 6720 6669 6c65 0a6d scovering file.m\n-0004d170: 6564 6961 2074 7970 6573 2069 6e20 4465 edia types in De\n-0004d180: 6269 616e 2c20 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 bian, provided b\n-0004d190: 7920 7468 6520 7368 6172 6564 2d6d 696d y the shared-mim\n-0004d1a0: 652d 696e 666f 2c20 6d65 6469 612d 7479 e-info, media-ty\n-0004d1b0: 7065 7320 616e 640a 6669 6c65 2070 6163 pes and.file pac\n-0004d1c0: 6b61 6765 732e 2020 4966 2072 6567 6973 kages. If regis\n-0004d1d0: 7472 6174 696f 6e20 616e 6420 7072 6f70 tration and prop\n-0004d1e0: 6167 6174 696f 6e20 6361 6e20 6e6f 7420 agation can not \n-0004d1f0: 6265 2077 6169 7465 6420 666f 722c 0a73 be waited for,.s\n-0004d200: 7570 706f 7274 2063 616e 2062 6520 6173 upport can be as\n-0004d210: 6b65 6420 746f 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e74 ked to the maint\n-0004d220: 6169 6e65 7273 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 ainers of the pa\n-0004d230: 636b 6167 6573 206d 656e 7469 6f6e 6564 ckages mentioned\n-0004d240: 2061 626f 7665 2e0a 0a46 6f72 2066 696c above...For fil\n-0004d250: 6573 2074 6861 7420 6172 6520 7072 6f64 es that are prod\n-0004d260: 7563 6564 2061 6e64 2072 6561 6420 6279 uced and read by\n-0004d270: 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 6170 706c 6963 a single applic\n-0004d280: 6174 696f 6e2c 2069 7420 6973 2061 6c73 ation, it is als\n-0004d290: 6f0a 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2074 6f20 6465 o.possible to de\n-0004d2a0: 636c 6172 6520 7468 6973 2061 7373 6f63 clare this assoc\n-0004d2b0: 6961 7469 6f6e 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This is.becau\n-0004e440: 7365 2073 7563 6820 656e 7669 726f 6e6d se such environm\n-0004e450: 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 776f ent variables wo\n-0004e460: 756c 6420 6861 7665 2074 6f20 6265 2073 uld have to be s\n-0004e470: 6574 2069 6e20 6120 7379 7374 656d 2d77 et in a system-w\n-0004e480: 6964 650a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f ide.configuratio\n-0004e490: 6e20 6669 6c65 2073 7563 6820 6173 2061 n file such as a\n-0004e4a0: 2066 696c 6520 696e 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 file in .../etc\n-0004e4b0: 2f70 726f 6669 6c65 2e64 e280 992c 2077 /profile.d..., w\n-0004e4c0: 6869 6368 2069 7320 6e6f 740a 7375 7070 hich is not.supp\n-0004e4d0: 6f72 7465 6420 6279 2061 6c6c 2073 6865 orted by all she\n-0004e4e0: 6c6c 732e 0a0a 4966 2061 2070 726f 6772 lls...If a progr\n-0004e4f0: 616d 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2064 6570 656e am usually depen\n-0004e500: 6473 206f 6e20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e ds on environmen\n-0004e510: 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 666f 7220 t variables for \n-0004e520: 6974 730a 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f its.configuratio\n-0004e530: 6e2c 2074 6865 2070 726f 6772 616d 2073 n, the program s\n-0004e540: 686f 756c 6420 6265 2063 6861 6e67 6564 hould be changed\n-0004e550: 2074 6f20 6661 6c6c 2062 6163 6b20 746f to fall back to\n-0004e560: 2061 0a72 6561 736f 6e61 626c 6520 6465 a.reasonable de\n-0004e570: 6661 756c 7420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 fault configurat\n-0004e580: 696f 6e20 6966 2074 6865 7365 2065 6e76 ion if these env\n-0004e590: 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c ironment variabl\n-0004e5a0: 6573 2061 7265 206e 6f74 0a70 7265 7365 es are not.prese\n-0004e5b0: 6e74 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6973 2063 616e nt. 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(see *\n-000500a0: 6e6f 7465 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 note debian/rule\n-000500b0: 7320 616e 6420 4445 425f 4255 494c 445f s and DEB_BUILD_\n-000500c0: 4f50 5449 4f4e 533a 2036 372e 292e 0a54 OPTIONS: 67.)..T\n-000500d0: 6869 7320 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2063 616e his variable can\n-000500e0: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2073 6576 6572 616c contain several\n-000500f0: 2066 6c61 6773 2074 6f20 6368 616e 6765 flags to change\n-00050100: 2068 6f77 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 how a package i\n-00050110: 730a 636f 6d70 696c 6564 2061 6e64 2062 s.compiled and b\n-00050120: 7569 6c74 2e0a 0a49 7420 6973 2075 7020 uilt...It is up \n-00050130: 746f 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d to the package m\n-00050140: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 746f 2064 6563 aintainer to dec\n-00050150: 6964 6520 7768 6174 2063 6f6d 7069 6c61 ide what compila\n-00050160: 7469 6f6e 206f 7074 696f 6e73 0a61 7265 tion options.are\n-00050170: 2062 6573 7420 666f 7220 7468 6520 7061 best for the pa\n-00050180: 636b 6167 652e 2020 4365 7274 6169 6e20 ckage. Certain \n-00050190: 6269 6e61 7269 6573 2028 7375 6368 2061 binaries (such a\n-000501a0: 730a 636f 6d70 7574 6174 696f 6e61 6c6c s.computationall\n-000501b0: 792d 696e 7465 6e73 6976 6520 7072 6f67 y-intensive prog\n-000501c0: 7261 6d73 2920 7769 6c6c 2066 756e 6374 rams) will funct\n-000501d0: 696f 6e20 6265 7474 6572 2077 6974 6820 ion better with \n-000501e0: 6365 7274 6169 6e0a 666c 6167 7320 28e2 certain.flags (.\n-000501f0: 8098 2d4f 33e2 8099 2c20 666f 7220 6578 ..-O3..., for ex\n-00050200: 616d 706c 6529 3b20 6665 656c 2066 7265 ample); feel fre\n-00050210: 6520 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 6d2e 2020 e to use them. \n-00050220: 506c 6561 7365 2075 7365 2067 6f6f 640a Please use good.\n-00050230: 6a75 6467 6d65 6e74 2068 6572 652e 2020 judgment here. \n-00050240: 446f 6ee2 8099 7420 7573 6520 666c 6167 Don...t use flag\n-00050250: 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 7361 6b65 206f s for the sake o\n-00050260: 6620 6974 3b20 6f6e 6c79 2075 7365 2074 f it; only use t\n-00050270: 6865 6d20 6966 0a74 6865 7265 2069 7320 hem if.there is \n-00050280: 676f 6f64 2072 6561 736f 6e20 746f 2064 good reason to d\n-00050290: 6f20 736f 2e20 2046 6565 6c20 6672 6565 o so. 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Pro\n-00051740: 6475 6369 6e67 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 ducing source pa\n-00051750: 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 7420 6465 7065 ckages that depe\n-00051760: 6e64 206f 6e0a 756e 7265 6c65 6173 6564 nd on.unreleased\n-00051770: 2063 6f6d 7069 6c65 7273 2069 7320 616c compilers is al\n-00051780: 736f 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2061 2062 6164 so usually a bad\n-00051790: 2069 6465 612e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d idea... -----\n-000517a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n-000517b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n-000517c0: 3129 2049 6620 796f 7520 6172 6520 7573 1) If you are us\n-000517d0: 696e 6720 4743 432c 20e2 8098 2d66 5049 ing GCC, ...-fPI\n-000517e0: 43e2 8099 2070 726f 6475 6365 7320 636f C... produces co\n-000517f0: 6465 2077 6974 6820 7265 6c6f 6361 7461 de with relocata\n-00051800: 626c 650a 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 2069 6e64 ble.position ind\n-00051810: 6570 656e 6465 6e74 2063 6f64 652c 2077 ependent code, w\n-00051820: 6869 6368 2069 7320 7265 7175 6972 6564 hich is required\n-00051830: 2066 6f72 206d 6f73 7420 6172 6368 6974 for most archit\n-00051840: 6563 7475 7265 7320 746f 0a63 7265 6174 ectures to.creat\n-00051850: 6520 6120 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 e a shared libra\n-00051860: 7279 2c20 7769 7468 2069 3338 3620 616e ry, with i386 an\n-00051870: 6420 7065 7268 6170 7320 736f 6d65 206f d perhaps some o\n-00051880: 7468 6572 7320 7768 6572 6520 6e6f 6e0a thers where non.\n-00051890: 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 2069 6e64 6570 656e position indepen\n-000518a0: 6465 6e74 2063 6f64 6520 6973 2070 6572 dent code is per\n-000518b0: 6d69 7474 6564 2069 6e20 6120 7368 6172 mitted in a shar\n-000518c0: 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2e0a 0a50 6f73 ed library...Pos\n-000518d0: 6974 696f 6e20 696e 6465 7065 6e64 656e ition independen\n-000518e0: 7420 636f 6465 206d 6179 2068 6176 6520 t code may have \n-000518f0: 6120 7065 7266 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 7065 a performance pe\n-00051900: 6e61 6c74 792c 2065 7370 6563 6961 6c6c nalty, especiall\n-00051910: 7920 6f6e 0ae2 8098 6933 3836 e280 992e y on....i386....\n-00051920: 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c 2069 6e20 6d6f However, in mo\n-00051930: 7374 2063 6173 6573 2074 6865 2073 7065 st cases the spe\n-00051940: 6564 2070 656e 616c 7479 206d 7573 7420 ed penalty must \n-00051950: 6265 206d 6561 7375 7265 640a 6167 6169 be measured.agai\n-00051960: 6e73 7420 7468 6520 6d65 6d6f 7279 2077 nst the memory w\n-00051970: 6173 7465 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 6577 asted on the few\n-00051980: 2061 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 2077 architectures w\n-00051990: 6865 7265 206e 6f6e 2070 6f73 6974 696f here non positio\n-000519a0: 6e0a 696e 6465 7065 6e64 656e 7420 636f n.independent co\n-000519b0: 6465 2069 7320 6576 656e 2070 6f73 7369 de is even possi\n-000519c0: 626c 652e 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 2053 6f6d ble... (2) Som\n-000519d0: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2072 6561 736f 6e73 e of the reasons\n-000519e0: 2077 6879 2074 6869 7320 6d69 6768 7420 why this might \n-000519f0: 6265 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 6973 2069 be required is i\n-00051a00: 6620 7468 6520 6c69 6272 6172 790a 636f f the library.co\n-00051a10: 6e74 6169 6e73 2068 616e 6420 6372 6166 ntains hand craf\n-00051a20: 7465 6420 6173 7365 6d62 6c79 2063 6f64 ted assembly cod\n-00051a30: 6520 7468 6174 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7265 e that is not re\n-00051a40: 6c6f 6361 7461 626c 652c 2074 6865 2073 locatable, the s\n-00051a50: 7065 6564 0a70 656e 616c 7479 2069 7320 peed.penalty is \n-00051a60: 6578 6365 7373 6976 6520 666f 7220 636f excessive for co\n-00051a70: 6d70 7574 6520 696e 7465 6e73 6976 6520 mpute intensive \n-00051a80: 6c69 6273 2c20 616e 6420 7369 6d69 6c61 libs, and simila\n-00051a90: 7220 7265 6173 6f6e 732e 0a0a 2020 2028 r reasons... (\n-00051aa0: 3329 2053 6f6d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2072 3) Some of the r\n-00051ab0: 6561 736f 6e73 2066 6f72 206c 696e 6b69 easons for linki\n-00051ac0: 6e67 2073 7461 7469 6320 6c69 6272 6172 ng static librar\n-00051ad0: 6965 7320 7769 7468 2074 6865 20e2 8098 ies with the ...\n-00051ae0: 2d66 5049 43e2 8099 0a66 6c61 6720 6172 -fPIC....flag ar\n-00051af0: 6520 6966 2c20 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c e if, for exampl\n-00051b00: 652c 206f 6e65 206e 6565 6473 2061 2050 e, one needs a P\n-00051b10: 6572 6c20 4150 4920 666f 7220 6120 6c69 erl API for a li\n-00051b20: 6272 6172 7920 7468 6174 2069 730a 756e brary that is.un\n-00051b30: 6465 7220 7261 7069 6420 6465 7665 6c6f der rapid develo\n-00051b40: 706d 656e 742c 2061 6e64 2068 6173 2061 pment, and has a\n-00051b50: 6e20 756e 7374 6162 6c65 2041 5049 2c20 n unstable API, \n-00051b60: 736f 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 6172 so shared librar\n-00051b70: 6965 730a 6172 6520 706f 696e 746c 6573 ies.are pointles\n-00051b80: 7320 6174 2074 6869 7320 7068 6173 6520 s at this phase \n-00051b90: 6f66 2074 6865 206c 6962 7261 7279 e280 of the library..\n-00051ba0: 9973 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6d65 6e74 2e20 .s development. \n-00051bb0: 2049 6e20 7468 6174 2063 6173 652c 0a73 In that case,.s\n-00051bc0: 696e 6365 2050 6572 6c20 6e65 6564 7320 ince Perl needs \n-00051bd0: 6120 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7769 7468 2072 a library with r\n-00051be0: 656c 6f63 6174 6162 6c65 2063 6f64 652c elocatable code,\n-00051bf0: 2069 7420 6d61 7920 6d61 6b65 2073 656e it may make sen\n-00051c00: 7365 2074 6f0a 6372 6561 7465 2061 2073 se to.create a s\n-00051c10: 7461 7469 6320 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7769 tatic library wi\n-00051c20: 7468 2072 656c 6f63 6174 6162 6c65 2063 th relocatable c\n-00051c30: 6f64 652e 2020 416e 6f74 6865 7220 7265 ode. Another re\n-00051c40: 6173 6f6e 2063 6974 6564 2069 730a 6966 ason cited is.if\n-00051c50: 2079 6f75 2061 7265 2064 6973 7469 6c6c you are distill\n-00051c60: 696e 6720 7661 7269 6f75 7320 6c69 6272 ing various libr\n-00051c70: 6172 6965 7320 696e 746f 2061 2063 6f6d aries into a com\n-00051c80: 6d6f 6e20 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 mon shared libra\n-00051c90: 7279 2c0a 6c69 6b65 20e2 8098 6d6b 6c69 ry,.like ...mkli\n-00051ca0: 6273 e280 9920 646f 6573 2069 6e20 7468 bs... does in th\n-00051cb0: 6520 4465 6269 616e 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c e Debian install\n-00051cc0: 6572 2070 726f 6a65 6374 2e0a 0a20 2020 er project... \n-00051cd0: 2834 2920 596f 7520 6d69 6768 7420 7761 (4) You might wa\n-00051ce0: 6e74 2074 6f20 7265 706c 6163 6520 e280 nt to replace ..\n-00051cf0: 982d 2d73 7472 6970 2d75 6e6e 6565 6465 .--strip-unneede\n-00051d00: 64e2 8099 2077 6974 6820 e280 982d 2d73 d... with ...--s\n-00051d10: 7472 6970 2d64 6562 7567 e280 990a 666f trip-debug....fo\n-00051d20: 7220 7374 6174 6963 206c 6962 7261 7269 r static librari\n-00051d30: 6573 2c20 6173 2064 685f 7374 7269 7020 es, as dh_strip \n-00051d40: 646f 6573 2e20 2057 6865 6e20 7374 7269 does. When stri\n-00051d50: 7070 696e 6720 7374 6174 6963 0a6c 6962 pping static.lib\n-00051d60: 7261 7269 6573 2c20 796f 7520 7368 6f75 raries, you shou\n-00051d70: 6c64 2061 6c73 6f20 7061 7373 20e2 8098 ld also pass ...\n-00051d80: 2d2d 656e 6162 6c65 2d64 6574 6572 6d69 --enable-determi\n-00051d90: 6e69 7374 6963 2d61 7263 6869 7665 73e2 nistic-archives.\n-00051da0: 8099 2074 6f0a 656e 7375 7265 2074 6861 .. to.ensure tha\n-00051db0: 7420 796f 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2062 t your package b\n-00051dc0: 7569 6c64 2069 7320 7265 7072 6f64 7563 uild is reproduc\n-00051dd0: 6962 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2835 2920 4120 ible... 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Next:\n-000521b0: 2053 796d 626f 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b 732c Symbolic links,\n-000521c0: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5368 6172 6564 206c Prev: Shared l\n-000521d0: 6962 7261 7269 6573 3c32 3e2c 2020 5570 ibraries<2>, Up\n-000521e0: 3a20 4669 6c65 733c 323e 0a0a 392e 3420 : Files<2>..9.4 \n-000521f0: 5363 7269 7074 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d Scripts.========\n-00052200: 3d3d 3d0a 0a41 6c6c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 ===..All command\n-00052210: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2c20 696e 636c 7564 scripts, includ\n-00052220: 696e 6720 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 ing the package \n-00052230: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 maintainer scrip\n-00052240: 7473 2069 6e73 6964 6520 7468 650a 7061 ts inside the.pa\n-00052250: 636b 6167 6520 616e 6420 7573 6564 2062 ckage and used b\n-00052260: 7920 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2c20 7368 y ...dpkg..., sh\n-00052270: 6f75 6c64 2068 6176 6520 6120 e280 9823 ould have a ...#\n-00052280: 21e2 8099 206c 696e 6520 6e61 6d69 6e67 !... line naming\n-00052290: 2074 6865 2073 6865 6c6c 2074 6f0a 6265 the shell to.be\n-000522a0: 2075 7365 6420 746f 2069 6e74 6572 7072 used to interpr\n-000522b0: 6574 2074 6865 6d2e 0a0a 496e 2074 6865 et them...In the\n-000522c0: 2063 6173 6520 6f66 2050 6572 6c20 7363 case of Perl sc\n-000522d0: 7269 7074 7320 7468 6973 2073 686f 756c ripts this shoul\n-000522e0: 6420 6265 20e2 8098 2321 2f75 7372 2f62 d be ...#!/usr/b\n-000522f0: 696e 2f70 6572 6ce2 8099 2e0a 0a57 6865 in/perl......Whe\n-00052300: 6e20 7363 7269 7074 7320 6172 6520 696e n scripts are in\n-00052310: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 696e 746f 2061 2064 stalled into a d\n-00052320: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2069 6e20 7468 6520 irectory in the \n-00052330: 7379 7374 656d 2050 4154 482c 2074 6865 system PATH, the\n-00052340: 0a73 6372 6970 7420 6e61 6d65 2073 686f .script name sho\n-00052350: 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 696e 636c 7564 6520 uld not include \n-00052360: 616e 2065 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 2073 7563 an extension suc\n-00052370: 6820 6173 20e2 8098 2e73 68e2 8099 206f h as ....sh... o\n-00052380: 7220 e280 982e 706c e280 9920 7468 6174 r ....pl... that\n-00052390: 0a64 656e 6f74 6573 2074 6865 2073 6372 .denotes the scr\n-000523a0: 6970 7469 6e67 206c 616e 6775 6167 6520 ipting language \n-000523b0: 6375 7272 656e 746c 7920 7573 6564 2074 currently used t\n-000523c0: 6f20 696d 706c 656d 656e 7420 6974 2e0a o implement it..\n-000523d0: 0a53 6865 6c6c 2073 6372 6970 7473 2028 .Shell scripts (\n-000523e0: e280 9873 68e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 ...sh... and ...\n-000523f0: 6261 7368 e280 9929 206f 7468 6572 2074 bash...) other t\n-00052400: 6861 6e20 e280 9869 6e69 742e 64e2 8099 han ...init.d...\n-00052410: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2073 686f 756c 640a scripts should.\n-00052420: 616c 6d6f 7374 2063 6572 7461 696e 6c79 almost certainly\n-00052430: 2073 7461 7274 2077 6974 6820 e280 9873 start with ...s\n-00052440: 6574 202d 65e2 8099 2073 6f20 7468 6174 et -e... so that\n-00052450: 2065 7272 6f72 7320 6172 6520 6465 7465 errors are dete\n-00052460: 6374 6564 2e0a e280 9869 6e69 742e 64e2 cted.....init.d.\n-00052470: 8099 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 7265 2073 .. scripts are s\n-00052480: 6f6d 6574 6869 6e67 206f 6620 6120 7370 omething of a sp\n-00052490: 6563 6961 6c20 6361 7365 2c20 6475 6520 ecial case, due \n-000524a0: 746f 2068 6f77 2066 7265 7175 656e 746c to how frequentl\n-000524b0: 790a 7468 6579 206e 6565 6420 746f 2063 y.they need to c\n-000524c0: 616c 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2074 6861 all commands tha\n-000524d0: 7420 6172 6520 616c 6c6f 7765 6420 746f t are allowed to\n-000524e0: 2066 6169 6c2c 2061 6e64 2069 7420 6d61 fail, and it ma\n-000524f0: 7920 696e 7374 6561 640a 6265 2065 6173 y instead.be eas\n-00052500: 6965 7220 746f 2063 6865 636b 2074 6865 ier to check the\n-00052510: 2065 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 206f 6620 exit status of \n-00052520: 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 2064 6972 6563 746c commands directl\n-00052530: 792e 2020 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 650a 5772 y. See *note.Wr\n-00052540: 6974 696e 6720 7468 6520 7363 7269 7074 iting the script\n-00052550: 733a 2031 3162 2e20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 s: 11b. for more\n-00052560: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 626f information abo\n-00052570: 7574 2077 7269 7469 6e67 20e2 8098 696e ut writing ...in\n-00052580: 6974 2e64 e280 990a 7363 7269 7074 732e it.d....scripts.\n-00052590: 0a0a 4576 6572 7920 7363 7269 7074 2073 ..Every script s\n-000525a0: 686f 756c 6420 7573 6520 e280 9873 6574 hould use ...set\n-000525b0: 202d 65e2 8099 206f 7220 6368 6563 6b20 -e... or check \n-000525c0: 7468 6520 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 the exit status \n-000525d0: 6f66 2027 6576 6572 7927 0a63 6f6d 6d61 of 'every'.comma\n-000525e0: 6e64 2e0a 0a53 6372 6970 7473 206d 6179 nd...Scripts may\n-000525f0: 2061 7373 756d 6520 7468 6174 20e2 8098 assume that ...\n-00052600: 2f62 696e 2f73 68e2 8099 2069 6d70 6c65 /bin/sh... imple\n-00052610: 6d65 6e74 7320 7468 6520 504f 5349 582e ments the POSIX.\n-00052620: 312d 3230 3137 2053 6865 6c6c 0a43 6f6d 1-2017 Shell.Com\n-00052630: 6d61 6e64 204c 616e 6775 6167 6520 2831 mand Language (1\n-00052640: 2920 706c 7573 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f ) plus the follo\n-00052650: 7769 6e67 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 wing additional \n-00052660: 6665 6174 7572 6573 206e 6f74 206d 616e features not man\n-00052670: 6461 7465 640a 6279 2050 4f53 4958 2e31 dated.by POSIX.1\n-00052680: 2d32 3031 372e 2e20 2028 3229 0a0a 2020 -2017.. (2).. \n-00052690: 202d 20e2 8098 6563 686f 202d 6ee2 8099 - ...echo -n...\n-000526a0: 2c20 6966 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6564 , if implemented\n-000526b0: 2061 7320 6120 7368 656c 6c20 6275 696c as a shell buil\n-000526c0: 742d 696e 2c20 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2067 t-in, must not g\n-000526d0: 656e 6572 6174 6520 610a 2020 2020 206e enerate a. n\n-000526e0: 6577 6c69 6e65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 e280 ewline... - ..\n-000526f0: 9874 6573 74e2 8099 2c20 6966 2069 6d70 .test..., if imp\n-00052700: 6c65 6d65 6e74 6564 2061 7320 6120 7368 lemented as a sh\n-00052710: 656c 6c20 6275 696c 742d 696e 2c20 6d75 ell built-in, mu\n-00052720: 7374 2073 7570 706f 7274 20e2 8098 2d61 st support ...-a\n-00052730: e280 9920 616e 640a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 ... and. ...\n-00052740: 2d6f e280 9920 6173 2062 696e 6172 7920 -o... as binary \n-00052750: 6c6f 6769 6361 6c20 6f70 6572 6174 6f72 logical operator\n-00052760: 732e 0a0a 2020 202d 20e2 8098 6c6f 6361 s... - ...loca\n-00052770: 6ce2 8099 2074 6f20 6372 6561 7465 2061 l... to create a\n-00052780: 2073 636f 7065 6420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 scoped variable\n-00052790: 206d 7573 7420 6265 2073 7570 706f 7274 must be support\n-000527a0: 6564 2c20 696e 636c 7564 696e 670a 2020 ed, including. \n-000527b0: 2020 206c 6973 7469 6e67 206d 756c 7469 listing multi\n-000527c0: 706c 6520 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 696e ple variables in\n-000527d0: 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 6c6f 6361 6c20 a single local \n-000527e0: 636f 6d6d 616e 6420 616e 6420 6173 7369 command and assi\n-000527f0: 676e 696e 670a 2020 2020 2061 2076 616c gning. a val\n-00052800: 7565 2074 6f20 6120 7661 7269 6162 6c65 ue to a variable\n-00052810: 2061 7420 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2074 696d at the same tim\n-00052820: 6520 6173 206c 6f63 616c 697a 696e 6720 e as localizing \n-00052830: 6974 2e20 20e2 8098 6c6f 6361 6ce2 8099 it. ...local...\n-00052840: 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 7920 6f72 206d 6179 . may or may\n-00052850: 206e 6f74 2070 7265 7365 7276 6520 7468 not preserve th\n-00052860: 6520 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2076 616c 7565 e variable value\n-00052870: 2066 726f 6d20 616e 206f 7574 6572 2073 from an outer s\n-00052880: 636f 7065 2069 660a 2020 2020 206e 6f20 cope if. no \n-00052890: 6173 7369 676e 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 7072 assignment is pr\n-000528a0: 6573 656e 742e 2020 5573 6573 2073 7563 esent. Uses suc\n-000528b0: 6820 6173 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 h as:.. \n-000528c0: 2066 6e61 6d65 2028 2920 7b0a 2020 2020 fname () {. \n-000528d0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 6c6f 6361 6c20 local \n-000528e0: 6120 6220 633d 6465 6c74 6120 640a 2020 a b c=delta d. \n-000528f0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2320 2e2e # ..\n-00052900: 2e20 7573 6520 612c 2062 2c20 632c 2064 . use a, b, c, d\n-00052910: 202e 2e2e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 207d .... }\n-00052920: 0a0a 2020 2020 206d 7573 7420 6265 2073 .. must be s\n-00052930: 7570 706f 7274 6564 2061 6e64 206d 7573 upported and mus\n-00052940: 7420 7365 7420 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 t set the value \n-00052950: 6f66 20e2 8098 63e2 8099 2074 6f20 e280 of ...c... to ..\n-00052960: 9864 656c 7461 e280 992e 0a0a 2020 202d .delta...... -\n-00052970: 2054 6865 2058 5349 2065 7874 656e 7369 The XSI extensi\n-00052980: 6f6e 2074 6f20 e280 986b 696c 6ce2 8099 on to ...kill...\n-00052990: 2061 6c6c 6f77 696e 6720 e280 986b 696c allowing ...kil\n-000529a0: 6c20 2d73 6967 6e61 6ce2 8099 2c20 7768 l -signal..., wh\n-000529b0: 6572 6520 7369 676e 616c 0a20 2020 2020 ere signal. \n-000529c0: 6973 2065 6974 6865 7220 7468 6520 6e61 is either the na\n-000529d0: 6d65 206f 6620 6120 7369 676e 616c 206f me of a signal o\n-000529e0: 7220 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 206e 756d r one of the num\n-000529f0: 6572 6963 2073 6967 6e61 6c73 206c 6973 eric signals lis\n-00052a00: 7465 640a 2020 2020 2069 6e20 7468 6520 ted. in the \n-00052a10: 5853 4920 6578 7465 6e73 696f 6e20 2830 XSI extension (0\n-00052a20: 2c20 312c 2032 2c20 332c 2036 2c20 392c , 1, 2, 3, 6, 9,\n-00052a30: 2031 342c 2061 6e64 2031 3529 2c20 6d75 14, and 15), mu\n-00052a40: 7374 2062 650a 2020 2020 2073 7570 706f st be. suppo\n-00052a50: 7274 6564 2069 6620 e280 986b 696c 6ce2 rted if ...kill.\n-00052a60: 8099 2069 7320 696d 706c 656d 656e 7465 .. is implemente\n-00052a70: 6420 6173 2061 2073 6865 6c6c 2062 7569 d as a shell bui\n-00052a80: 6c74 2d69 6e2e 0a0a 2020 202d 2054 6865 lt-in... - The\n-00052a90: 2058 5349 2065 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 2074 XSI extension t\n-00052aa0: 6f20 e280 9874 7261 70e2 8099 2061 6c6c o ...trap... all\n-00052ab0: 6f77 696e 6720 6e75 6d65 7269 6320 7369 owing numeric si\n-00052ac0: 676e 616c 7320 6d75 7374 2062 650a 2020 gnals must be. \n-00052ad0: 2020 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 2e20 2049 supported. I\n-00052ae0: 6e20 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 7468 n addition to th\n-00052af0: 6520 7369 676e 616c 206e 756d 6265 7273 e signal numbers\n-00052b00: 206c 6973 7465 6420 696e 2074 6865 0a20 listed in the. \n-00052b10: 2020 2020 6578 7465 6e73 696f 6e2c 2077 extension, w\n-00052b20: 6869 6368 2061 7265 2074 6865 2073 616d hich are the sam\n-00052b30: 6520 6173 2066 6f72 20e2 8098 6b69 6c6c e as for ...kill\n-00052b40: e280 9920 6162 6f76 652c 2031 3320 2853 ... above, 13 (S\n-00052b50: 4947 5049 5045 290a 2020 2020 206d 7573 IGPIPE). mus\n-00052b60: 7420 6265 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2e0a 0a49 t be allowed...I\n-00052b70: 6620 6120 7368 656c 6c20 7363 7269 7074 f a shell script\n-00052b80: 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 6e6f 6e2d 504f requires non-PO\n-00052b90: 5349 582e 312d 3230 3137 2066 6561 7475 SIX.1-2017 featu\n-00052ba0: 7265 7320 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2073 6865 res from the she\n-00052bb0: 6c6c 0a69 6e74 6572 7072 6574 6572 206f ll.interpreter o\n-00052bc0: 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7468 6f73 6520 ther than those \n-00052bd0: 6c69 7374 6564 2061 626f 7665 2c20 7468 listed above, th\n-00052be0: 6520 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 7368 e appropriate sh\n-00052bf0: 656c 6c20 6d75 7374 2062 650a 7370 6563 ell must be.spec\n-00052c00: 6966 6965 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 6972 ified in the fir\n-00052c10: 7374 206c 696e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2073 st line of the s\n-00052c20: 6372 6970 7420 2865 2e67 2e2c 20e2 8098 cript (e.g., ...\n-00052c30: 2321 2f62 696e 2f62 6173 68e2 8099 2920 #!/bin/bash...) \n-00052c40: 616e 6420 7468 650a 7061 636b 6167 6520 and the.package \n-00052c50: 6d75 7374 2064 6570 656e 6420 6f6e 2074 must depend on t\n-00052c60: 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2070 726f 7669 he package provi\n-00052c70: 6469 6e67 2074 6865 2073 6865 6c6c 2028 ding the shell (\n-00052c80: 756e 6c65 7373 2074 6865 2073 6865 6c6c unless the shell\n-00052c90: 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 6d61 726b .package is mark\n-00052ca0: 6564 20e2 809c 4573 7365 6e74 6961 6ce2 ed ...Essential.\n-00052cb0: 809d 2c20 6173 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6361 .., as in the ca\n-00052cc0: 7365 206f 6620 e280 9862 6173 68e2 8099 se of ...bash...\n-00052cd0: 292e 0a0a 596f 7520 6d61 7920 7769 7368 )...You may wish\n-00052ce0: 2074 6f20 7265 7374 7269 6374 2079 6f75 to restrict you\n-00052cf0: 7220 7363 7269 7074 2074 6f20 504f 5349 r script to POSI\n-00052d00: 582e 312d 3230 3137 2066 6561 7475 7265 X.1-2017 feature\n-00052d10: 7320 706c 7573 2074 6865 0a61 626f 7665 s plus the.above\n-00052d20: 2073 6574 2077 6865 6e20 706f 7373 6962 set when possib\n-00052d30: 6c65 2073 6f20 7468 6174 2069 7420 6d61 le so that it ma\n-00052d40: 7920 7573 6520 e280 982f 6269 6e2f 7368 y use .../bin/sh\n-00052d50: e280 9920 6173 2069 7473 2069 6e74 6572 ... as its inter\n-00052d60: 7072 6574 6572 2e0a 4368 6563 6b69 6e67 preter..Checking\n-00052d70: 2079 6f75 7220 7363 7269 7074 2077 6974 your script wit\n-00052d80: 6820 e280 9863 6865 636b 6261 7368 6973 h ...checkbashis\n-00052d90: 6d73 e280 9920 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2064 ms... from the d\n-00052da0: 6576 7363 7269 7074 7320 7061 636b 6167 evscripts packag\n-00052db0: 6520 6f72 0a72 756e 6e69 6e67 2079 6f75 e or.running you\n-00052dc0: 7220 7363 7269 7074 2077 6974 6820 616e r script with an\n-00052dd0: 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7465 2073 6865 6c6c alternate shell\n-00052de0: 2073 7563 6820 6173 20e2 8098 706f 7368 such as ...posh\n-00052df0: e280 9920 6d61 7920 6865 6c70 0a75 6e63 ... may help.unc\n-00052e00: 6f76 6572 2076 696f 6c61 7469 6f6e 7320 over violations \n-00052e10: 6f66 2074 6865 2061 626f 7665 2072 6571 of the above req\n-00052e20: 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 732e 2020 4966 2069 uirements. If i\n-00052e30: 6e20 646f 7562 7420 7768 6574 6865 7220 n doubt whether \n-00052e40: 610a 7363 7269 7074 2063 6f6d 706c 6965 a.script complie\n-00052e50: 7320 7769 7468 2074 6865 7365 2072 6571 s with these req\n-00052e60: 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 732c 2075 7365 20e2 uirements, use .\n-00052e70: 8098 2f62 696e 2f62 6173 68e2 8099 2e0a ../bin/bash.....\n-00052e80: 0a50 6572 6c20 7363 7269 7074 7320 7368 .Perl scripts sh\n-00052e90: 6f75 6c64 2063 6865 636b 2066 6f72 2065 ould check for e\n-00052ea0: 7272 6f72 7320 7768 656e 206d 616b 696e rrors when makin\n-00052eb0: 6720 616e 7920 7379 7374 656d 2063 616c g any system cal\n-00052ec0: 6c73 2c0a 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 e280 ls,.including ..\n-00052ed0: 986f 7065 6ee2 8099 2c20 e280 9870 7269 .open..., ...pri\n-00052ee0: 6e74 e280 992c 20e2 8098 636c 6f73 65e2 nt..., ...close.\n-00052ef0: 8099 2c20 e280 9872 656e 616d 65e2 8099 .., ...rename...\n-00052f00: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 7379 7374 656d e280 and ...system..\n-00052f10: 992e 0a0a e280 9863 7368 e280 9920 616e .......csh... an\n-00052f20: 6420 e280 9874 6373 68e2 8099 2073 686f d ...tcsh... sho\n-00052f30: 756c 6420 6265 2061 766f 6964 6564 2061 uld be avoided a\n-00052f40: 7320 7363 7269 7074 696e 6720 6c61 6e67 s scripting lang\n-00052f50: 7561 6765 732e 2020 5365 6520 2743 7368 uages. See 'Csh\n-00052f60: 0a50 726f 6772 616d 6d69 6e67 2043 6f6e .Programming Con\n-00052f70: 7369 6465 7265 6420 4861 726d 6675 6c27 sidered Harmful'\n-00052f80: 2c20 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 20e2 8098 , one of the ...\n-00052f90: 636f 6d70 2e75 6e69 782e 2ae2 8099 2046 comp.unix.*... F\n-00052fa0: 4151 732c 2077 6869 6368 0a63 616e 2062 AQs, which.can b\n-00052fb0: 6520 666f 756e 6420 6174 20e2 8098 6874 e found at ...ht\n-00052fc0: 7470 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e66 6171 732e 6f72 tp://www.faqs.or\n-00052fd0: 672f 6661 7173 2f75 6e69 782d 6661 712f g/faqs/unix-faq/\n-00052fe0: 7368 656c 6c2f 6373 682d 7768 796e 6f74 shell/csh-whynot\n-00052ff0: 2fe2 8099 2e0a 4966 2061 6e20 7570 7374 /.....If an upst\n-00053000: 7265 616d 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2063 6f6d ream package com\n-00053010: 6573 2077 6974 6820 e280 9863 7368 e280 es with ...csh..\n-00053020: 9920 7363 7269 7074 7320 7468 656e 2079 . scripts then y\n-00053030: 6f75 206d 7573 7420 6d61 6b65 2073 7572 ou must make sur\n-00053040: 650a 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 7374 6172 e.that they star\n-00053050: 7420 7769 7468 20e2 8098 2321 2f62 696e t with ...#!/bin\n-00053060: 2f63 7368 e280 9920 616e 6420 6d61 6b65 /csh... and make\n-00053070: 2079 6f75 7220 7061 636b 6167 6520 6465 your package de\n-00053080: 7065 6e64 206f 6e20 7468 650a e280 9863 pend on the....c\n-00053090: 2d73 6865 6c6c e280 9920 7669 7274 7561 -shell... virtua\n-000530a0: 6c20 7061 636b 6167 652e 0a0a 416e 7920 l package...Any \n-000530b0: 7363 7269 7074 7320 7768 6963 6820 6372 scripts which cr\n-000530c0: 6561 7465 2066 696c 6573 2069 6e20 776f eate files in wo\n-000530d0: 726c 642d 7772 6974 6561 626c 6520 6469 rld-writeable di\n-000530e0: 7265 6374 6f72 6965 7320 2865 2e67 2e2c rectories (e.g.,\n-000530f0: 2069 6e0a e280 982f 746d 70e2 8099 2920 in..../tmp...) \n-00053100: 6d75 7374 2075 7365 2061 206d 6563 6861 must use a mecha\n-00053110: 6e69 736d 2077 6869 6368 2077 696c 6c20 nism which will \n-00053120: 6661 696c 2061 746f 6d69 6361 6c6c 7920 fail atomically \n-00053130: 6966 2061 2066 696c 6520 7769 7468 0a74 if a file with.t\n-00053140: 6865 2073 616d 6520 6e61 6d65 2061 6c72 he same name alr\n-00053150: 6561 6479 2065 7869 7374 732e 0a0a 5468 eady exists...Th\n-00053160: 6520 4465 6269 616e 2062 6173 6520 7379 e Debian base sy\n-00053170: 7374 656d 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 7468 stem provides th\n-00053180: 6520 e280 9874 656d 7066 696c 65e2 8099 e ...tempfile...\n-00053190: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 6d6b 7465 6d70 e280 and ...mktemp..\n-000531a0: 9920 7574 696c 6974 6965 730a 666f 7220 . utilities.for \n-000531b0: 7573 6520 6279 2073 6372 6970 7473 2066 use by scripts f\n-000531c0: 6f72 2074 6869 7320 7075 7270 6f73 652e or this purpose.\n-000531d0: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n-000531e0: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n-000531f0: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 6865 ----.. (1) The\n-00053200: 204f 7065 6e20 4772 6f75 7020 4261 7365 Open Group Base\n-00053210: 2053 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 Specifications \n-00053220: 4973 7375 6520 372c 2032 3031 3820 4564 Issue 7, 2018 Ed\n-00053230: 6974 696f 6e2c 2077 6869 6368 0a69 7320 ition, which.is \n-00053240: 616c 736f 206b 6e6f 776e 2061 7320 504f also known as PO\n-00053250: 5349 582e 312d 3230 3137 2061 6e64 2061 SIX.1-2017 and a\n-00053260: 7320 4945 4545 2053 7464 2031 3030 332e s IEEE Std 1003.\n-00053270: 312d 3230 3137 2061 6e64 2069 730a 6176 1-2017 and is.av\n-00053280: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 6f6e 2074 6865 2057 ailable on the W\n-00053290: 6f72 6c64 2057 6964 6520 5765 6220 6672 orld Wide Web fr\n-000532a0: 6f6d 2054 6865 204f 7065 6e20 4772 6f75 om The Open Grou\n-000532b0: 700a 2868 7474 703a 2f2f 7075 6273 2e6f p.(http://pubs.o\n-000532c0: 7065 6e67 726f 7570 2e6f 7267 2f6f 6e6c pengroup.org/onl\n-000532d0: 696e 6570 7562 732f 3936 3939 3931 3937 inepubs/96999197\n-000532e0: 3939 2f64 6f77 6e6c 6f61 642f 292e 0a0a 99/download/)...\n-000532f0: 2020 2028 3229 2054 6865 7365 2066 6561 (2) These fea\n-00053300: 7475 7265 7320 6172 6520 696e 2077 6964 tures are in wid\n-00053310: 6573 7072 6561 6420 7573 6520 696e 2074 espread use in t\n-00053320: 6865 204c 696e 7578 2063 6f6d 6d75 6e69 he Linux communi\n-00053330: 7479 2061 6e64 0a61 7265 2069 6d70 6c65 ty and.are imple\n-00053340: 6d65 6e74 6564 2069 6e20 616c 6c20 6f66 mented in all of\n-00053350: 2062 6173 682c 2064 6173 682c 2061 6e64 bash, dash, and\n-00053360: 206b 7368 2c20 7468 6520 6d6f 7374 2063 ksh, the most c\n-00053370: 6f6d 6d6f 6e20 7368 656c 6c73 0a75 7365 ommon shells.use\n-00053380: 7273 206d 6179 2077 6973 6820 746f 2075 rs may wish to u\n-00053390: 7365 2061 7320 e280 982f 6269 6e2f 7368 se as .../bin/sh\n-000533a0: e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 ........File: de\n-000533b0: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f bian-policy.info\n-000533c0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 796d 626f 6c69 , Node: Symboli\n-000533d0: 6320 6c69 6e6b 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 c links, Next: \n-000533e0: 4465 7669 6365 2066 696c 6573 2c20 2050 Device files, P\n-000533f0: 7265 763a 2053 6372 6970 7473 2c20 2055 rev: Scripts, U\n-00053400: 703a 2046 696c 6573 3c32 3e0a 0a39 2e35 p: Files<2>..9.5\n-00053410: 2053 796d 626f 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b 730a Symbolic links.\n-00053420: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00053430: 3d3d 0a0a 496e 2067 656e 6572 616c 2c20 ==..In general, \n-00053440: 7379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c 696e 6b73 2077 symbolic links w\n-00053450: 6974 6869 6e20 6120 746f 702d 6c65 7665 ithin a top-leve\n-00053460: 6c20 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7368 6f75 l directory shou\n-00053470: 6c64 2062 650a 7265 6c61 7469 7665 2c20 ld be.relative, \n-00053480: 616e 6420 7379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c 696e and symbolic lin\n-00053490: 6b73 2070 6f69 6e74 696e 6720 6672 6f6d ks pointing from\n-000534a0: 206f 6e65 2074 6f70 2d6c 6576 656c 2064 one top-level d\n-000534b0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2074 6f20 6f72 0a69 irectory to or.i\n-000534c0: 6e74 6f20 616e 6f74 6865 7220 7368 6f75 nto another shou\n-000534d0: 6c64 2062 6520 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2e20 ld be absolute. \n-000534e0: 2028 4120 746f 702d 6c65 7665 6c20 6469 (A top-level di\n-000534f0: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6973 2061 0a73 7562 rectory is a.sub\n-00053500: 2d64 6972 6563 746f 7279 206f 6620 7468 -directory of th\n-00053510: 6520 726f 6f74 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 e root directory\n-00053520: 20e2 8098 2fe2 8099 2e29 2020 466f 7220 .../....) For \n-00053530: 6578 616d 706c 652c 2061 2073 796d 626f example, a symbo\n-00053540: 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b 0a66 726f 6d20 e280 lic link.from ..\n-00053550: 982f 7573 722f 6c69 622f 666f 6fe2 8099 ./usr/lib/foo...\n-00053560: 2074 6f20 e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 to .../usr/shar\n-00053570: 652f 6261 72e2 8099 2073 686f 756c 6420 e/bar... should \n-00053580: 6265 2072 656c 6174 6976 650a 28e2 8098 be relative.(...\n-00053590: 2e2e 2f73 6861 7265 2f62 6172 e280 9929 ../share/bar...)\n-000535a0: 2c20 6275 7420 6120 7379 6d62 6f6c 6963 , but a symbolic\n-000535b0: 206c 696e 6b20 6672 6f6d 20e2 8098 2f76 link from .../v\n-000535c0: 6172 2f72 756e e280 9920 746f 20e2 8098 ar/run... to ...\n-000535d0: 2f72 756e e280 9920 7368 6f75 6c64 0a62 /run... should.b\n-000535e0: 6520 6162 736f 6c75 7465 2e20 2028 3129 e absolute. (1)\n-000535f0: 2020 5379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c 696e 6b73 Symbolic links\n-00053600: 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 7472 6176 6572 must not traver\n-00053610: 7365 2061 626f 7665 2074 6865 2072 6f6f se above the roo\n-00053620: 740a 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792e 0a0a 496e t.directory...In\n-00053630: 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e2c 2073 796d 626f addition, symbo\n-00053640: 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 lic links should\n-00053650: 2062 6520 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 6173 be specified as\n-00053660: 2073 686f 7274 2061 7320 706f 7373 6962 short as possib\n-00053670: 6c65 2c0a 692e 652e 2c20 6c69 6e6b 2074 le,.i.e., link t\n-00053680: 6172 6765 7473 206c 696b 6520 e280 9866 argets like ...f\n-00053690: 6f6f 2f2e 2e2f 6261 72e2 8099 2061 7265 oo/../bar... are\n-000536a0: 2064 6570 7265 6361 7465 642e 0a0a 4e6f deprecated...No\n-000536b0: 7465 2074 6861 7420 7768 656e 2063 7265 te that when cre\n-000536c0: 6174 696e 6720 6120 7265 6c61 7469 7665 ating a relative\n-000536d0: 206c 696e 6b20 7573 696e 6720 e280 986c link using ...l\n-000536e0: 6ee2 8099 2069 7420 6973 206e 6f74 206e n... it is not n\n-000536f0: 6563 6573 7361 7279 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 ecessary.for the\n-00053700: 2074 6172 6765 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206c target of the l\n-00053710: 696e 6b20 746f 2065 7869 7374 2072 656c ink to exist rel\n-00053720: 6174 6976 6520 746f 2074 6865 2077 6f72 ative to the wor\n-00053730: 6b69 6e67 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 0a79 king directory.y\n-00053740: 6f75 e280 9972 6520 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 ou...re running \n-00053750: e280 986c 6ee2 8099 2066 726f 6d2c 206e ...ln... from, n\n-00053760: 6f72 2069 7320 6974 206e 6563 6573 7361 or is it necessa\n-00053770: 7279 2074 6f20 6368 616e 6765 2064 6972 ry to change dir\n-00053780: 6563 746f 7279 2074 6f20 7468 650a 6469 ectory to the.di\n-00053790: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7768 6572 6520 7468 rectory where th\n-000537a0: 6520 6c69 6e6b 2069 7320 746f 2062 6520 e link is to be \n-000537b0: 6d61 6465 2e20 2053 696d 706c 7920 696e made. Simply in\n-000537c0: 636c 7564 6520 7468 6520 7374 7269 6e67 clude the string\n-000537d0: 2074 6861 740a 7368 6f75 6c64 2061 7070 that.should app\n-000537e0: 6561 7220 6173 2074 6865 2074 6172 6765 ear as the targe\n-000537f0: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 206c 696e 6b20 2874 t of the link (t\n-00053800: 6869 7320 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 6120 7061 his will be a pa\n-00053810: 7468 6e61 6d65 0a72 656c 6174 6976 6520 thname.relative \n-00053820: 746f 2074 6865 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 to the directory\n-00053830: 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 7468 6520 6c69 in which the li\n-00053840: 6e6b 2072 6573 6964 6573 2920 6173 2074 nk resides) as t\n-00053850: 6865 2066 6972 7374 0a61 7267 756d 656e he first.argumen\n-00053860: 7420 746f 20e2 8098 6c6e e280 992e 0a0a t to ...ln......\n-00053870: 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2069 6e20 For example, in \n-00053880: 796f 7572 20e2 8098 4d61 6b65 6669 6c65 your ...Makefile\n-00053890: e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e ... or ...debian\n-000538a0: 2f72 756c 6573 e280 992c 2079 6f75 2063 /rules..., you c\n-000538b0: 616e 2064 6f20 7468 696e 6773 0a6c 696b an do things.lik\n-000538c0: 653a 0a0a 2020 2020 206c 6e20 2d66 7320 e:.. ln -fs \n-000538d0: 6763 6320 2428 7072 6566 6978 292f 6269 gcc $(prefix)/bi\n-000538e0: 6e2f 6363 0a20 2020 2020 6c6e 202d 6673 n/cc. ln -fs\n-000538f0: 2067 6363 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 746d 702f gcc debian/tmp/\n-00053900: 7573 722f 6269 6e2f 6363 0a20 2020 2020 usr/bin/cc. \n-00053910: 6c6e 202d 6673 202e 2e2f 7362 696e 2f73 ln -fs ../sbin/s\n-00053920: 656e 646d 6169 6c20 2428 7072 6566 6978 endmail $(prefix\n-00053930: 292f 6269 6e2f 7275 6e71 0a20 2020 2020 )/bin/runq. \n-00053940: 6c6e 202d 6673 202e 2e2f 7362 696e 2f73 ln -fs ../sbin/s\n-00053950: 656e 646d 6169 6c20 6465 6269 616e 2f74 endmail debian/t\n-00053960: 6d70 2f75 7372 2f62 696e 2f72 756e 710a mp/usr/bin/runq.\n-00053970: 0a41 2073 796d 626f 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b .A symbolic link\n-00053980: 2070 6f69 6e74 696e 6720 746f 2061 2063 pointing to a c\n-00053990: 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 6420 6669 6c65 2028 ompressed file (\n-000539a0: 696e 2074 6865 2073 656e 7365 2074 6861 in the sense tha\n-000539b0: 7420 6974 2069 730a 6d65 616e 7420 746f t it is.meant to\n-000539c0: 2062 6520 756e 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 be uncompressed\n-000539d0: 2077 6974 6820 e280 9875 6e7a 6970 e280 with ...unzip..\n-000539e0: 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 7a6c 6573 73e2 8099 . or ...zless...\n-000539f0: 2065 7463 2e29 2020 7368 6f75 6c64 2061 etc.) should a\n-00053a00: 6c77 6179 730a 6861 7665 2074 6865 2073 lways.have the s\n-00053a10: 616d 6520 6669 6c65 2065 7874 656e 7369 ame file extensi\n-00053a20: 6f6e 2061 7320 7468 6520 7265 6665 7265 on as the refere\n-00053a30: 6e63 6564 2066 696c 652e 2020 2846 6f72 nced file. (For\n-00053a40: 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6966 2061 0a66 example, if a.f\n-00053a50: 696c 6520 e280 9866 6f6f 2e67 7ae2 8099 ile ...foo.gz...\n-00053a60: 2069 7320 7265 6665 7265 6e63 6564 2062 is referenced b\n-00053a70: 7920 6120 7379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c 696e y a symbolic lin\n-00053a80: 6b2c 2074 6865 2066 696c 656e 616d 6520 k, the filename \n-00053a90: 6f66 2074 6865 206c 696e 6b0a 6861 7320 of the link.has \n-00053aa0: 746f 2065 6e64 2077 6974 6820 e280 9ce2 to end with ....\n-00053ab0: 8098 2e67 7ae2 8099 e280 9d20 746f 6f2c ...gz...... too,\n-00053ac0: 2061 7320 696e 20e2 8098 6261 722e 677a as in ...bar.gz\n-00053ad0: e280 992e 290a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ....).. ------\n-00053ae0: 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d ---- Footnotes -\n-00053af0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 ---------.. (1\n-00053b00: 2920 5468 6973 2069 7320 6e65 6365 7373 ) This is necess\n-00053b10: 6172 7920 746f 2061 6c6c 6f77 2074 6f70 ary to allow top\n-00053b20: 2d6c 6576 656c 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 -level directori\n-00053b30: 6573 2074 6f20 6265 2073 796d 6c69 6e6b es to be symlink\n-00053b40: 732e 0a49 6620 6c69 6e6b 696e 6720 e280 s..If linking ..\n-00053b50: 982f 7661 722f 7275 6ee2 8099 2074 6f20 ./var/run... to \n-00053b60: e280 982f 7275 6ee2 8099 2077 6572 6520 .../run... were \n-00053b70: 646f 6e65 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 7265 done with the re\n-00053b80: 6c61 7469 7665 2073 796d 626f 6c69 630a lative symbolic.\n-00053b90: 6c69 6e6b 20e2 8098 2e2e 2f72 756e e280 link ...../run..\n-00053ba0: 992c 2062 7574 20e2 8098 2f76 6172 e280 ., but .../var..\n-00053bb0: 9920 7765 7265 2061 2073 796d 626f 6c69 . were a symboli\n-00053bc0: 6320 6c69 6e6b 2074 6f20 e280 982f 7372 c link to .../sr\n-00053bd0: 762f 6469 736b 31e2 8099 2c20 7468 650a v/disk1..., the.\n-00053be0: 7379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c 696e 6b20 776f symbolic link wo\n-00053bf0: 756c 6420 706f 696e 7420 746f 20e2 8098 uld point to ...\n-00053c00: 2f73 7276 2f72 756e e280 9920 7261 7468 /srv/run... rath\n-00053c10: 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7468 6520 696e 7465 er than the inte\n-00053c20: 6e64 6564 2074 6172 6765 742e 0a0a 1f0a nded target.....\n-00053c30: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-00053c40: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-00053c50: 2044 6576 6963 6520 6669 6c65 732c 2020 Device files, \n-00053c60: 4e65 7874 3a20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 Next: Configurat\n-00053c70: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5072 6576 ion files, Prev\n-00053c80: 3a20 5379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c 696e 6b73 : Symbolic links\n-00053c90: 2c20 2055 703a 2046 696c 6573 3c32 3e0a , Up: Files<2>.\n-00053ca0: 0a39 2e36 2044 6576 6963 6520 6669 6c65 .9.6 Device file\n-00053cb0: 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d s.==============\n-00053cc0: 3d3d 0a0a 5061 636b 6167 6573 206d 7573 ==..Packages mus\n-00053cd0: 7420 6e6f 7420 696e 636c 7564 6520 6465 t not include de\n-00053ce0: 7669 6365 2066 696c 6573 206f 7220 6e61 vice files or na\n-00053cf0: 6d65 6420 7069 7065 7320 696e 2074 6865 med pipes in the\n-00053d00: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a66 696c 6520 7472 package.file tr\n-00053d10: 6565 2e0a 0a44 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b ee...Debian pack\n-00053d20: 6167 6573 2073 686f 756c 6420 6173 7375 ages should assu\n-00053d30: 6d65 2074 6861 7420 6465 7669 6365 2066 me that device f\n-00053d40: 696c 6573 2069 6e20 e280 982f 6465 76e2 iles in .../dev.\n-00053d50: 8099 2061 7265 0a64 796e 616d 6963 616c .. are.dynamical\n-00053d60: 6c79 206d 616e 6167 6564 2062 7920 7468 ly managed by th\n-00053d70: 6520 6b65 726e 656c 206f 7220 736f 6d65 e kernel or some\n-00053d80: 206f 7468 6572 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6661 other system fa\n-00053d90: 6369 6c69 7479 2061 6e64 2064 6f0a 6e6f cility and do.no\n-00053da0: 7420 6861 7665 2074 6f20 6265 2065 7870 t have to be exp\n-00053db0: 6c69 6369 746c 7920 6372 6561 7465 6420 licitly created \n-00053dc0: 6f72 206d 616e 6167 6564 2062 7920 7468 or managed by th\n-00053dd0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 4465 6269 e package. Debi\n-00053de0: 616e 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6f74 6865 an.packages othe\n-00053df0: 7220 7468 616e 2074 686f 7365 2077 686f r than those who\n-00053e00: 7365 2070 7572 706f 7365 2069 7320 746f se purpose is to\n-00053e10: 206d 616e 6167 6520 7468 6520 e280 982f manage the .../\n-00053e20: 6465 76e2 8099 2064 6576 6963 650a 6669 dev... device.fi\n-00053e30: 6c65 2074 7265 6520 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 le tree must not\n-00053e40: 2061 7474 656d 7074 2074 6f20 6372 6561 attempt to crea\n-00053e50: 7465 206f 7220 7265 6d6f 7665 2064 6576 te or remove dev\n-00053e60: 6963 6520 6669 6c65 7320 696e 20e2 8098 ice files in ...\n-00053e70: 2f64 6576 e280 990a 7768 656e 2061 2064 /dev....when a d\n-00053e80: 796e 616d 6963 2064 6576 6963 6520 6d61 ynamic device ma\n-00053e90: 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 2066 6163 696c 6974 nagement facilit\n-00053ea0: 7920 6973 2069 6e20 7573 652e 0a0a 4966 y is in use...If\n-00053eb0: 206e 616d 6564 2070 6970 6573 206f 7220 named pipes or \n-00053ec0: 6465 7669 6365 2066 696c 6573 206f 7574 device files out\n-00053ed0: 7369 6465 206f 6620 e280 982f 6465 76e2 side of .../dev.\n-00053ee0: 8099 2061 7265 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 .. are required \n-00053ef0: 6279 2061 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 7468 by a.package, th\n-00053f00: 6579 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 726d 616c ey should normal\n-00053f10: 6c79 2062 6520 6372 6561 7465 6420 7768 ly be created wh\n-00053f20: 656e 206e 6563 6573 7361 7279 2062 7920 en necessary by \n-00053f30: 7468 6520 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 0a69 6e20 the programs.in \n-00053f40: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 652c 2062 7920 the package, by \n-00053f50: 696e 6974 2073 6372 6970 7473 206f 7220 init scripts or \n-00053f60: 7379 7374 656d 6420 756e 6974 2066 696c systemd unit fil\n-00053f70: 6573 2c20 6f72 2062 7920 7369 6d69 6c61 es, or by simila\n-00053f80: 720a 6f6e 2d64 656d 616e 6420 6d65 6368 r.on-demand mech\n-00053f90: 616e 6973 6d73 2e20 2049 6620 7375 6368 anisms. If such\n-00053fa0: 2066 696c 6573 206e 6565 6420 746f 2062 files need to b\n-00053fb0: 6520 6372 6561 7465 6420 6475 7269 6e67 e created during\n-00053fc0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a69 6e73 7461 6c6c package.install\n-00053fd0: 6174 696f 6e2c 2074 6865 7920 6d75 7374 ation, they must\n-00053fe0: 2062 6520 6372 6561 7465 6420 696e 2074 be created in t\n-00053ff0: 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 696e 7374 e280 he ...postinst..\n-00054000: 9920 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 . maintainer scr\n-00054010: 6970 740a 2831 2920 616e 6420 7265 6d6f ipt.(1) and remo\n-00054020: 7665 6420 696e 2065 6974 6865 7220 7468 ved in either th\n-00054030: 6520 e280 9870 7265 726d e280 9920 6f72 e ...prerm... or\n-00054040: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 726d e280 the ...postrm..\n-00054050: 9920 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 . maintainer scr\n-00054060: 6970 742e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ipt... -------\n-00054070: 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d --- Footnotes --\n-00054080: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 --------.. (1)\n-00054090: 2049 74e2 8099 7320 6265 7474 6572 2074 It...s better t\n-000540a0: 6f20 7573 6520 e280 986d 6b66 6966 6fe2 o use ...mkfifo.\n-000540b0: 8099 2072 6174 6865 7220 7468 616e 20e2 .. rather than .\n-000540c0: 8098 6d6b 6e6f 64e2 8099 2074 6f20 6372 ..mknod... to cr\n-000540d0: 6561 7465 206e 616d 6564 0a70 6970 6573 eate named.pipes\n-000540e0: 2074 6f20 6176 6f69 6420 6661 6c73 6520 to avoid false \n-000540f0: 706f 7369 7469 7665 7320 6672 6f6d 2061 positives from a\n-00054100: 7574 6f6d 6174 6564 2063 6865 636b 7320 utomated checks \n-00054110: 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a69 6e63 for packages.inc\n-00054120: 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 2063 7265 6174 696e orrectly creatin\n-00054130: 6720 6465 7669 6365 2066 696c 6573 2e0a g device files..\n-00054140: 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d ...File: debian-\n-00054150: 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f policy.info, No\n-00054160: 6465 3a20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f de: Configuratio\n-00054170: 6e20 6669 6c65 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 n files, Next: \n-00054180: 4c6f 6720 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5072 6576 Log files, Prev\n-00054190: 3a20 4465 7669 6365 2066 696c 6573 2c20 : Device files, \n-000541a0: 2055 703a 2046 696c 6573 3c32 3e0a 0a39 Up: Files<2>..9\n-000541b0: 2e37 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e .7 Configuration\n-000541c0: 2066 696c 6573 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d files.=========\n-000541d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n-000541e0: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2044 6566 696e * Menu:..* Defin\n-000541f0: 6974 696f 6e73 3a20 4465 6669 6e69 7469 itions: Definiti\n-00054200: 6f6e 733c 323e 2e0a 2a20 4c6f 6361 7469 ons<2>..* Locati\n-00054210: 6f6e 3a3a 0a2a 2042 6568 6176 696f 723a on::.* Behavior:\n-00054220: 3a0a 2a20 5368 6172 696e 6720 636f 6e66 :.* Sharing conf\n-00054230: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 733a iguration files:\n-00054240: 3a0a 2a20 5573 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 :.* User configu\n-00054250: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2028 e280 ration files (..\n-00054260: 9c64 6f74 6669 6c65 73e2 809d 293a 2055 .dotfiles...): U\n-00054270: 7365 7220 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f ser configuratio\n-00054280: 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 e280 9c64 6f74 6669 n files ...dotfi\n-00054290: 6c65 73e2 809d 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a les........File:\n-000542a0: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n-000542b0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4465 6669 nfo, Node: Defi\n-000542c0: 6e69 7469 6f6e 733c 323e 2c20 204e 6578 nitions<2>, Nex\n-000542d0: 743a 204c 6f63 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 t: Location, Up\n-000542e0: 3a20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 : Configuration \n-000542f0: 6669 6c65 730a 0a39 2e37 2e31 2044 6566 files..9.7.1 Def\n-00054300: 696e 6974 696f 6e73 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d initions.-------\n-00054310: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 636f 6e66 ----------..conf\n-00054320: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 0a0a iguration file..\n-00054330: 2020 2020 2041 2066 696c 6520 7468 6174 A file that\n-00054340: 2061 6666 6563 7473 2074 6865 206f 7065 affects the ope\n-00054350: 7261 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 6120 7072 6f67 ration of a prog\n-00054360: 7261 6d2c 206f 7220 7072 6f76 6964 6573 ram, or provides\n-00054370: 2073 6974 652d 0a20 2020 2020 6f72 2068 site-. or h\n-00054380: 6f73 742d 7370 6563 6966 6963 2069 6e66 ost-specific inf\n-00054390: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2c20 6f72 206f 7468 ormation, or oth\n-000543a0: 6572 7769 7365 2063 7573 746f 6d69 7a65 erwise customize\n-000543b0: 7320 7468 6520 6265 6861 7669 6f72 0a20 s the behavior. \n-000543c0: 2020 2020 6f66 2061 2070 726f 6772 616d of a program\n-000543d0: 2e20 2054 7970 6963 616c 6c79 2c20 636f . Typically, co\n-000543e0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n-000543f0: 7320 6172 6520 696e 7465 6e64 6564 2074 s are intended t\n-00054400: 6f20 6265 0a20 2020 2020 6d6f 6469 6669 o be. modifi\n-00054410: 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d ed by the system\n-00054420: 2061 646d 696e 6973 7472 6174 6f72 2028 administrator (\n-00054430: 6966 206e 6565 6465 6420 6f72 2064 6573 if needed or des\n-00054440: 6972 6564 2920 746f 0a20 2020 2020 636f ired) to. co\n-00054450: 6e66 6f72 6d20 746f 206c 6f63 616c 2070 nform to local p\n-00054460: 6f6c 6963 7920 6f72 2074 6f20 7072 6f76 olicy or to prov\n-00054470: 6964 6520 6d6f 7265 2075 7365 6675 6c20 ide more useful \n-00054480: 7369 7465 2d73 7065 6369 6669 630a 2020 site-specific. \n-00054490: 2020 2062 6568 6176 696f 722e 0a0a e280 behavior.....\n-000544a0: 9863 6f6e 6666 696c 65e2 8099 0a0a 2020 .conffile..... \n-000544b0: 2020 2041 2066 696c 6520 6c69 7374 6564 A file listed\n-000544c0: 2069 6e20 6120 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 in a package...\n-000544d0: 7320 e280 9863 6f6e 6666 696c 6573 e280 s ...conffiles..\n-000544e0: 9920 6669 6c65 2c20 616e 6420 6973 2074 . file, and is t\n-000544f0: 7265 6174 6564 0a20 2020 2020 7370 6563 reated. spec\n-00054500: 6961 6c6c 7920 6279 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 ially by ...dpkg\n-00054510: e280 9920 2873 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 2044 ... (see *note D\n-00054520: 6574 6169 6c73 206f 6620 636f 6e66 6967 etails of config\n-00054530: 7572 6174 696f 6e3a 2064 382e 292e 0a0a uration: d8.)...\n-00054540: 5468 6520 6469 7374 696e 6374 696f 6e20 The distinction \n-00054550: 6265 7477 6565 6e20 7468 6573 6520 7477 between these tw\n-00054560: 6f20 6973 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 3b20 o is important; \n-00054570: 7468 6579 2061 7265 206e 6f74 0a69 6e74 they are not.int\n-00054580: 6572 6368 616e 6765 6162 6c65 2063 6f6e erchangeable con\n-00054590: 6365 7074 732e 2020 416c 6d6f 7374 2061 cepts. 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I\n-000546f0: 6e20 6765 6e65 7261 6c2c 2061 6e79 2073 n general, any s\n-00054700: 6372 6970 7420 7468 6174 2065 6d62 6564 cript that embed\n-00054710: 7320 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a s configuration.\n-00054720: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6973 2064 information is d\n-00054730: 652d 6661 6374 6f20 6120 636f 6e66 6967 e-facto a config\n-00054740: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2061 6e64 uration file and\n-00054750: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2074 7265 6174 should be treat\n-00054760: 6564 2061 730a 7375 6368 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 ed as.such.....F\n-00054770: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-00054780: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-00054790: 4c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a Location, Next:\n-000547a0: 2042 6568 6176 696f 722c 2020 5072 6576 Behavior, Prev\n-000547b0: 3a20 4465 6669 6e69 7469 6f6e 733c 323e : Definitions<2>\n-000547c0: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 , Up: Configura\n-000547d0: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 0a0a 392e 372e tion files..9.7.\n-000547e0: 3220 4c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2 Location.-----\n-000547f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a41 6e79 2063 ---------..Any c\n-00054800: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c onfiguration fil\n-00054810: 6573 2063 7265 6174 6564 206f 7220 7573 es created or us\n-00054820: 6564 2062 7920 796f 7572 2070 6163 6b61 ed by your packa\n-00054830: 6765 206d 7573 7420 7265 7369 6465 2069 ge must reside i\n-00054840: 6e0a e280 982f 6574 63e2 8099 2e20 2049 n..../etc.... 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(1)..T\n-00054bc0: 6865 2065 6173 7920 7761 7920 746f 2061 he easy way to a\n-00054bd0: 6368 6965 7665 2074 6869 7320 6265 6861 chieve this beha\n-00054be0: 7669 6f72 2069 7320 746f 206d 616b 6520 vior is to make \n-00054bf0: 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f the configuratio\n-00054c00: 6e20 6669 6c65 0a61 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 n file.a ...conf\n-00054c10: 6669 6c65 e280 992e 2020 5468 6973 2069 file.... 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This i\n-00054cd0: 6d70 6c69 6573 2074 6861 7420 7468 650a mplies that the.\n-00054ce0: 6465 6661 756c 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 default version \n-00054cf0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7061 7274 206f 6620 will be part of \n-00054d00: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6469 7374 the package dist\n-00054d10: 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2c20 616e 6420 6d75 ribution, and mu\n-00054d20: 7374 206e 6f74 0a62 6520 6d6f 6469 6669 st not.be modifi\n-00054d30: 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 6d61 696e 7461 ed by the mainta\n-00054d40: 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2064 7572 iner scripts dur\n-00054d50: 696e 6720 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e ing installation\n-00054d60: 2028 6f72 2061 7420 616e 790a 6f74 6865 (or at any.othe\n-00054d70: 7220 7469 6d65 292e 0a0a 496e 206f 7264 r time)...In ord\n-00054d80: 6572 2074 6f20 656e 7375 7265 2074 6861 er to ensure tha\n-00054d90: 7420 6c6f 6361 6c20 6368 616e 6765 7320 t local changes \n-00054da0: 6172 6520 7072 6573 6572 7665 6420 636f are preserved co\n-00054db0: 7272 6563 746c 792c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 rrectly, package\n-00054dc0: 730a 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e 7461 s.must not conta\n-00054dd0: 696e 206f 7220 6d61 6b65 2068 6172 6420 in or make hard \n-00054de0: 6c69 6e6b 7320 746f 2063 6f6e 6666 696c links to conffil\n-00054df0: 6573 2e20 2028 3229 0a0a 5468 6520 6f74 es. 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In ce\n-00055370: 7274 6169 6e20 6361 7365 7320 6974 2069 rtain cases it i\n-00055380: 7320 7573 6566 756c 2066 6f72 2074 6865 s useful for the\n-00055390: 7265 2074 6f0a 6265 2061 6e20 6578 616d re to.be an exam\n-000553a0: 706c 6520 6f72 2074 656d 706c 6174 6520 ple or template \n-000553b0: 6669 6c65 2077 6869 6368 2074 6865 206d file which the m\n-000553c0: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 aintainer script\n-000553d0: 7320 7573 652e 2020 5375 6368 0a66 696c s use. Such.fil\n-000553e0: 6573 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2069 6e20 es should be in \n-000553f0: e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 7061 .../usr/share/pa\n-00055400: 636b 6167 65e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 982f ckage... or .../\n-00055410: 7573 722f 6c69 622f 7061 636b 6167 65e2 usr/lib/package.\n-00055420: 8099 2028 6465 7065 6e64 696e 670a 6f6e .. (depending.on\n-00055430: 2077 6865 7468 6572 2074 6865 7920 6172 whether they ar\n-00055440: 6520 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 2d69 e architecture-i\n-00055450: 6e64 6570 656e 6465 6e74 206f 7220 6e6f ndependent or no\n-00055460: 7429 2e20 2054 6865 7265 2073 686f 756c t). There shoul\n-00055470: 6420 6265 0a73 796d 626f 6c69 6320 6c69 d be.symbolic li\n-00055480: 6e6b 7320 746f 2074 6865 6d20 6672 6f6d nks to them from\n-00055490: 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 2f64 .../usr/share/d\n-000554a0: 6f63 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 2f65 7861 6d70 oc/package/examp\n-000554b0: 6c65 73e2 8099 2069 6620 7468 6579 0a61 les... if they.a\n-000554c0: 7265 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 732c 2061 6e64 re examples, and\n-000554d0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2070 6572 6665 should be perfe\n-000554e0: 6374 6c79 206f 7264 696e 6172 7920 e280 ctly ordinary ..\n-000554f0: 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2d68 616e 646c 6564 .dpkg...-handled\n-00055500: 2066 696c 6573 0a28 276e 6f74 2720 636f files.('not' co\n-00055510: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n-00055520: 7329 2e0a 0a54 6865 7365 2074 776f 2073 s)...These two s\n-00055530: 7479 6c65 7320 6f66 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 tyles of configu\n-00055540: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6861 6e64 ration file hand\n-00055550: 6c69 6e67 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 6265 ling must not be\n-00055560: 206d 6978 6564 2c20 666f 720a 7468 6174 mixed, for.that\n-00055570: 2077 6179 206c 6965 7320 6d61 646e 6573 way lies madnes\n-00055580: 733a 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 7769 s: ...dpkg... wi\n-00055590: 6c6c 2061 736b 2061 626f 7574 206f 7665 ll ask about ove\n-000555a0: 7277 7269 7469 6e67 2074 6865 2066 696c rwriting the fil\n-000555b0: 6520 6576 6572 790a 7469 6d65 2074 6865 e every.time the\n-000555c0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 7570 6772 package is upgr\n-000555d0: 6164 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d aded... ------\n-000555e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d ---- Footnotes -\n-000555f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 ---------.. (1\n-00055600: 2920 5468 6520 e280 9864 706b 672d 6d61 ) The ...dpkg-ma\n-00055610: 696e 7473 6372 6970 742d 6865 6c70 6572 intscript-helper\n-00055620: e280 9920 746f 6f6c 2c20 6176 6169 6c61 ... tool, availa\n-00055630: 626c 6520 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2064 706b ble from the dpk\n-00055640: 670a 7061 636b 6167 652c 2063 616e 2068 g.package, can h\n-00055650: 656c 7020 666f 7220 7468 6973 2074 6173 elp for this tas\n-00055660: 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 2052 6174 696f k... (2) Ratio\n-00055670: 6e61 6c65 3a20 5468 6572 6520 6172 6520 nale: There are \n-00055680: 7477 6f20 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2077 6974 two problems wit\n-00055690: 6820 6861 7264 206c 696e 6b73 2e20 2054 h hard links. T\n-000556a0: 6865 2066 6972 7374 2069 730a 7468 6174 he first is.that\n-000556b0: 2073 6f6d 6520 6564 6974 6f72 7320 6272 some editors br\n-000556c0: 6561 6b20 7468 6520 6c69 6e6b 2077 6869 eak the link whi\n-000556d0: 6c65 2065 6469 7469 6e67 206f 6e65 206f le editing one o\n-000556e0: 6620 7468 6520 6669 6c65 732c 2073 6f20 f the files, so \n-000556f0: 7468 6174 0a74 6865 2074 776f 2066 696c that.the two fil\n-00055700: 6573 206d 6179 2075 6e77 6974 7469 6e67 es may unwitting\n-00055710: 6c79 2062 6563 6f6d 6520 756e 6c69 6e6b ly become unlink\n-00055720: 6564 2061 6e64 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 ed and different\n-00055730: 2e20 2054 6865 2073 6563 6f6e 640a 6973 . The second.is\n-00055740: 2074 6861 7420 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 that ...dpkg...\n-00055750: 206d 6967 6874 2062 7265 616b 2074 6865 might break the\n-00055760: 2068 6172 6420 6c69 6e6b 2077 6869 6c65 hard link while\n-00055770: 2075 7067 7261 6469 6e67 20e2 8098 636f upgrading ...co\n-00055780: 6e66 6669 6c65 e280 9973 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 nffile...s.....F\n-00055790: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-000557a0: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-000557b0: 5368 6172 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6967 7572 Sharing configur\n-000557c0: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 732c 2020 4e65 ation files, Ne\n-000557d0: 7874 3a20 5573 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 xt: User configu\n-000557e0: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 20e2 809c ration files ...\n-000557f0: 646f 7466 696c 6573 e280 9d2c 2020 5072 dotfiles..., Pr\n-00055800: 6576 3a20 4265 6861 7669 6f72 2c20 2055 ev: Behavior, U\n-00055810: 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e p: Configuration\n-00055820: 2066 696c 6573 0a0a 392e 372e 3420 5368 files..9.7.4 Sh\n-00055830: 6172 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 aring configurat\n-00055840: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ion files.------\n-00055850: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00055860: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6620 -----------..If \n-00055870: 7477 6f20 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 7061 636b two or more pack\n-00055880: 6167 6573 2075 7365 2074 6865 2073 616d ages use the sam\n-00055890: 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 e configuration \n-000558a0: 6669 6c65 2061 6e64 2069 7420 6973 0a72 file and it is.r\n-000558b0: 6561 736f 6e61 626c 6520 666f 7220 626f easonable for bo\n-000558c0: 7468 2074 6f20 6265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c th to be install\n-000558d0: 6564 2061 7420 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2074 ed at the same t\n-000558e0: 696d 652c 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6573 ime, one of thes\n-000558f0: 650a 7061 636b 6167 6573 206d 7573 7420 e.packages must \n-00055900: 6265 2064 6566 696e 6564 2061 7320 276f be defined as 'o\n-00055910: 776e 6572 2720 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6f6e wner' of the con\n-00055920: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 652c figuration file,\n-00055930: 2069 2e65 2e2c 2069 740a 7769 6c6c 2062 i.e., it.will b\n-00055940: 6520 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 7768 e the package wh\n-00055950: 6963 6820 6861 6e64 6c65 7320 7468 6174 ich handles that\n-00055960: 2066 696c 6520 6173 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 file as a confi\n-00055970: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 652e 0a4f guration file..O\n-00055980: 7468 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7468 ther packages th\n-00055990: 6174 2075 7365 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 at use the confi\n-000559a0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6d75 guration file mu\n-000559b0: 7374 2064 6570 656e 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 st depend on the\n-000559c0: 206f 776e 696e 670a 7061 636b 6167 6520 owning.package \n-000559d0: 6966 2074 6865 7920 7265 7175 6972 6520 if they require \n-000559e0: 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f the configuratio\n-000559f0: 6e20 6669 6c65 2074 6f20 6f70 6572 6174 n file to operat\n-00055a00: 652e 2020 4966 2074 6865 206f 7468 6572 e. If the other\n-00055a10: 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2077 696c 6c20 7573 .package will us\n-00055a20: 6520 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 e the configurat\n-00055a30: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2069 6620 7072 6573 ion file if pres\n-00055a40: 656e 742c 2062 7574 2069 7320 6361 7061 ent, but is capa\n-00055a50: 626c 6520 6f66 0a6f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 ble of.operating\n-00055a60: 2077 6974 686f 7574 2069 742c 206e 6f20 without it, no \n-00055a70: 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6379 206e 6565 6420 dependency need \n-00055a80: 6265 2064 6563 6c61 7265 642e 0a0a 4966 be declared...If\n-00055a90: 2069 7420 6973 2064 6573 6972 6162 6c65 it is desirable\n-00055aa0: 2066 6f72 2074 776f 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 for two or more\n-00055ab0: 2072 656c 6174 6564 2070 6163 6b61 6765 related package\n-00055ac0: 7320 746f 2073 6861 7265 2061 0a63 6f6e s to share a.con\n-00055ad0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 figuration file \n-00055ae0: 2761 6e64 2720 666f 7220 616c 6c20 6f66 'and' for all of\n-00055af0: 2074 6865 2072 656c 6174 6564 2070 6163 the related pac\n-00055b00: 6b61 6765 7320 746f 2062 6520 6162 6c65 kages to be able\n-00055b10: 2074 6f0a 6d6f 6469 6679 2074 6861 7420 to.modify that \n-00055b20: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n-00055b30: 6c65 2c20 7468 656e 2074 6865 2066 6f6c le, then the fol\n-00055b40: 6c6f 7769 6e67 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 lowing should be\n-00055b50: 2064 6f6e 653a 0a0a 2020 312e 204f 6e65 done:.. 1. One\n-00055b60: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7265 6c61 7465 6420 of the related \n-00055b70: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2028 7468 6520 e280 packages (the ..\n-00055b80: 9c6f 776e 696e 67e2 809d 2070 6163 6b61 .owning... packa\n-00055b90: 6765 2920 7769 6c6c 206d 616e 6167 6520 ge) will manage \n-00055ba0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 the. configu\n-00055bb0: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 7769 7468 ration file with\n-00055bc0: 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 maintainer scri\n-00055bd0: 7074 7320 6173 2064 6573 6372 6962 6564 pts as described\n-00055be0: 2069 6e20 7468 650a 2020 2020 2070 7265 in the. pre\n-00055bf0: 7669 6f75 7320 7365 6374 696f 6e2e 0a0a vious section...\n-00055c00: 2020 322e 2054 6865 206f 776e 696e 6720 2. The owning \n-00055c10: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2061 package should a\n-00055c20: 6c73 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6520 6120 7072 lso provide a pr\n-00055c30: 6f67 7261 6d20 7468 6174 2074 6865 206f ogram that the o\n-00055c40: 7468 6572 0a20 2020 2020 7061 636b 6167 ther. packag\n-00055c50: 6573 206d 6179 2075 7365 2074 6f20 6d6f es may use to mo\n-00055c60: 6469 6679 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 dify the configu\n-00055c70: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 652e 0a0a 2020 ration file... \n-00055c80: 332e 2054 6865 2072 656c 6174 6564 2070 3. The related p\n-00055c90: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6d75 7374 2075 7365 ackages must use\n-00055ca0: 2074 6865 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 7072 the provided pr\n-00055cb0: 6f67 7261 6d20 746f 206d 616b 6520 616e ogram to make an\n-00055cc0: 790a 2020 2020 2064 6573 6972 6564 206d y. desired m\n-00055cd0: 6f64 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e73 2074 6f20 odifications to \n-00055ce0: 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f the configuratio\n-00055cf0: 6e20 6669 6c65 2e20 2054 6865 7920 7368 n file. They sh\n-00055d00: 6f75 6c64 0a20 2020 2020 6569 7468 6572 ould. either\n-00055d10: 2064 6570 656e 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2063 depend on the c\n-00055d20: 6f72 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f 2067 ore package to g\n-00055d30: 7561 7261 6e74 6565 2074 6861 7420 7468 uarantee that th\n-00055d40: 650a 2020 2020 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 e. configura\n-00055d50: 7469 6f6e 206d 6f64 6966 6965 7220 7072 tion modifier pr\n-00055d60: 6f67 7261 6d20 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 ogram is availab\n-00055d70: 6c65 206f 7220 6163 6365 7074 2067 7261 le or accept gra\n-00055d80: 6365 6675 6c6c 790a 2020 2020 2074 6861 cefully. tha\n-00055d90: 7420 7468 6579 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6d6f t they cannot mo\n-00055da0: 6469 6679 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 dify the configu\n-00055db0: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6966 2069 ration file if i\n-00055dc0: 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2e20 2028 5468 6973 t is not. (This\n-00055dd0: 0a20 2020 2020 6973 2069 6e20 6164 6469 . is in addi\n-00055de0: 7469 6f6e 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6661 6374 tion to the fact\n-00055df0: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 that the config\n-00055e00: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 206d 6179 uration file may\n-00055e10: 206e 6f74 2065 7665 6e0a 2020 2020 2062 not even. b\n-00055e20: 6520 7072 6573 656e 7420 696e 2074 6865 e present in the\n-00055e30: 206c 6174 7465 7220 7363 656e 6172 696f latter scenario\n-00055e40: 2e29 0a0a 536f 6d65 7469 6d65 7320 6974 .)..Sometimes it\n-00055e50: e280 9973 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 ...s appropriate\n-00055e60: 2074 6f20 6372 6561 7465 2061 206e 6577 to create a new\n-00055e70: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6869 6368 2070 package which p\n-00055e80: 726f 7669 6465 7320 7468 650a 6261 7369 rovides the.basi\n-00055e90: 6320 696e 6672 6173 7472 7563 7475 7265 c infrastructure\n-00055ea0: 2066 6f72 2074 6865 206f 7468 6572 2070 for the other p\n-00055eb0: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 616e 6420 7768 6963 ackages and whic\n-00055ec0: 6820 6d61 6e61 6765 7320 7468 6520 7368 h manages the sh\n-00055ed0: 6172 6564 0a63 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 ared.configurati\n-00055ee0: 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2e20 2028 5468 6520 on files. (The \n-00055ef0: e280 9873 676d 6c2d 6261 7365 e280 9920 ...sgml-base... \n-00055f00: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2061 2067 6f6f package is a goo\n-00055f10: 6420 6578 616d 706c 652e 290a 0a49 6620 d example.)..If \n-00055f20: 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f the configuratio\n-00055f30: 6e20 6669 6c65 2063 616e 6e6f 7420 6265 n file cannot be\n-00055f40: 2073 6861 7265 6420 6173 2064 6573 6372 shared as descr\n-00055f50: 6962 6564 2061 626f 7665 2c20 7468 650a ibed above, the.\n-00055f60: 7061 636b 6167 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 packages must be\n-00055f70: 206d 6172 6b65 6420 6173 2063 6f6e 666c marked as confl\n-00055f80: 6963 7469 6e67 2077 6974 6820 6561 6368 icting with each\n-00055f90: 206f 7468 6572 2e20 2054 776f 2070 6163 other. Two pac\n-00055fa0: 6b61 6765 730a 7468 6174 2073 7065 6369 kages.that speci\n-00055fb0: 6679 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6669 6c65 fy the same file\n-00055fc0: 2061 7320 6120 e280 9863 6f6e 6666 696c as a ...conffil\n-00055fd0: 65e2 8099 206d 7573 7420 636f 6e66 6c69 e... must confli\n-00055fe0: 6374 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2061 6e0a ct. This is an.\n-00055ff0: 696e 7374 616e 6365 206f 6620 7468 6520 instance of the \n-00056000: 6765 6e65 7261 6c20 7275 6c65 2061 626f general rule abo\n-00056010: 7574 206e 6f74 2073 6861 7269 6e67 2066 ut not sharing f\n-00056020: 696c 6573 2e20 204e 6569 7468 6572 0a61 iles. Neither.a\n-00056030: 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 7665 7320 6e6f 7220 lternatives nor \n-00056040: 6469 7665 7273 696f 6e73 2061 7265 206c diversions are l\n-00056050: 696b 656c 7920 746f 2062 6520 6170 7072 ikely to be appr\n-00056060: 6f70 7269 6174 6520 696e 2074 6869 7320 opriate in this \n-00056070: 6361 7365 3b0a 696e 2070 6172 7469 6375 case;.in particu\n-00056080: 6c61 722c 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 lar, ...dpkg... \n-00056090: 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2068 616e 646c 6520 does not handle \n-000560a0: 6469 7665 7274 6564 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 diverted ...conf\n-000560b0: 6669 6c65 e280 9973 2077 656c 6c2e 0a0a file...s well...\n-000560c0: 5768 656e 2074 776f 2070 6163 6b61 6765 When two package\n-000560d0: 7320 626f 7468 2064 6563 6c61 7265 2074 s both declare t\n-000560e0: 6865 2073 616d 6520 e280 9863 6f6e 6666 he same ...conff\n-000560f0: 696c 65e2 8099 2c20 7468 6579 206d 6179 ile..., they may\n-00056100: 2073 6565 0a6c 6566 742d 6f76 6572 2063 see.left-over c\n-00056110: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c onfiguration fil\n-00056120: 6573 2066 726f 6d20 6561 6368 206f 7468 es from each oth\n-00056130: 6572 2065 7665 6e20 7468 6f75 6768 2074 er even though t\n-00056140: 6865 7920 636f 6e66 6c69 6374 0a77 6974 hey conflict.wit\n-00056150: 6820 6561 6368 206f 7468 6572 2e20 2049 h each other. I\n-00056160: 6620 6120 7573 6572 2072 656d 6f76 6573 f a user removes\n-00056170: 2028 7769 7468 6f75 7420 7075 7267 696e (without purgin\n-00056180: 6729 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 650a 7061 g) one of the.pa\n-00056190: 636b 6167 6573 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 ckages and insta\n-000561a0: 6c6c 7320 7468 6520 6f74 6865 722c 2074 lls the other, t\n-000561b0: 6865 206e 6577 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 he new package w\n-000561c0: 696c 6c20 7461 6b65 206f 7665 7220 7468 ill take over th\n-000561d0: 650a e280 9863 6f6e 6666 696c 65e2 8099 e....conffile...\n-000561e0: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6f6c 6420 7061 from the old pa\n-000561f0: 636b 6167 652e 2020 4966 2074 6865 2066 ckage. If the f\n-00056200: 696c 6520 7761 7320 6d6f 6469 6669 6564 ile was modified\n-00056210: 2062 7920 7468 6520 7573 6572 2c0a 6974 by the user,.it\n-00056220: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2074 7265 6174 6564 will be treated\n-00056230: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 6173 2061 6e79 the same as any\n-00056240: 206f 7468 6572 206c 6f63 616c 6c79 206d other locally m\n-00056250: 6f64 6966 6965 6420 e280 9863 6f6e 6666 odified ...conff\n-00056260: 696c 65e2 8099 0a64 7572 696e 6720 616e ile....during an\n-00056270: 2075 7067 7261 6465 2e0a 0a54 6865 206d upgrade...The m\n-00056280: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 aintainer script\n-00056290: 7320 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2061 6c74 6572 s must not alter\n-000562a0: 2061 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 6669 6c65 e280 a ...conffile..\n-000562b0: 9920 6f66 2027 616e 7927 2070 6163 6b61 . of 'any' packa\n-000562c0: 6765 2c0a 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 7468 ge,.including th\n-000562d0: 6520 6f6e 6520 7468 6520 7363 7269 7074 e one the script\n-000562e0: 7320 6265 6c6f 6e67 2074 6f2e 0a0a 1f0a s belong to.....\n-000562f0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-00056300: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-00056310: 2055 7365 7220 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 User configurat\n-00056320: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 e280 9c64 6f74 ion files ...dot\n-00056330: 6669 6c65 73e2 809d 2c20 2050 7265 763a files..., Prev:\n-00056340: 2053 6861 7269 6e67 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 Sharing configu\n-00056350: 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2c20 2055 ration files, U\n-00056360: 703a 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e p: Configuration\n-00056370: 2066 696c 6573 0a0a 392e 372e 3520 5573 files..9.7.5 Us\n-00056380: 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e er configuration\n-00056390: 2066 696c 6573 2028 e280 9c64 6f74 6669 files (...dotfi\n-000563a0: 6c65 73e2 809d 290a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d les...).--------\n-000563b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000563c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000563d0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 2066 696c 6573 2069 ---..The files i\n-000563e0: 6e20 e280 982f 6574 632f 736b 656c e280 n .../etc/skel..\n-000563f0: 9920 7769 6c6c 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 . will automatic\n-00056400: 616c 6c79 2062 6520 636f 7069 6564 2069 ally be copied i\n-00056410: 6e74 6f20 6e65 7720 7573 6572 0a61 6363 nto new user.acc\n-00056420: 6f75 6e74 7320 6279 20e2 8098 6164 6475 ounts by ...addu\n-00056430: 7365 72e2 8099 2e20 204e 6f20 6f74 6865 ser.... No othe\n-00056440: 7220 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 7368 6f75 6c64 r program should\n-00056450: 2072 6566 6572 656e 6365 2074 6865 2066 reference the f\n-00056460: 696c 6573 2069 6e0a e280 982f 6574 632f iles in..../etc/\n-00056470: 736b 656c e280 992e 0a0a 5468 6572 6566 skel......Theref\n-00056480: 6f72 652c 2069 6620 6120 7072 6f67 7261 ore, if a progra\n-00056490: 6d20 6e65 6564 7320 6120 646f 7466 696c m needs a dotfil\n-000564a0: 6520 746f 2065 7869 7374 2069 6e20 6164 e to exist in ad\n-000564b0: 7661 6e63 6520 696e 20e2 8098 2448 4f4d vance in ...$HOM\n-000564c0: 45e2 8099 0a74 6f20 776f 726b 2073 656e E....to work sen\n-000564d0: 7369 626c 792c 2074 6861 7420 646f 7466 sibly, that dotf\n-000564e0: 696c 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 696e ile should be in\n-000564f0: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 696e 20e2 8098 2f65 stalled in .../e\n-00056500: 7463 2f73 6b65 6ce2 8099 2061 6e64 0a74 tc/skel... and.t\n-00056510: 7265 6174 6564 2061 7320 6120 636f 6e66 reated as a conf\n-00056520: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2e0a iguration file..\n-00056530: 0a48 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7072 6f67 7261 .However, progra\n-00056540: 6d73 2074 6861 7420 7265 7175 6972 6520 ms that require \n-00056550: 646f 7466 696c 6573 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 dotfiles in orde\n-00056560: 7220 746f 206f 7065 7261 7465 2073 656e r to operate sen\n-00056570: 7369 626c 7920 6172 650a 6120 6261 6420 sibly are.a bad \n-00056580: 7468 696e 672c 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 7468 thing, unless th\n-00056590: 6579 2064 6f20 6372 6561 7465 2074 6865 ey do create the\n-000565a0: 2064 6f74 6669 6c65 7320 7468 656d 7365 dotfiles themse\n-000565b0: 6c76 6573 0a61 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c lves.automatical\n-000565c0: 6c79 2e0a 0a46 7572 7468 6572 6d6f 7265 ly...Furthermore\n-000565d0: 2c20 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 2073 686f 756c , programs shoul\n-000565e0: 6420 6265 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 d be configured \n-000565f0: 6279 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 6465 by the Debian de\n-00056600: 6661 756c 740a 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 fault.installati\n-00056610: 6f6e 2074 6f20 6265 6861 7665 2061 7320 on to behave as \n-00056620: 636c 6f73 656c 7920 746f 2074 6865 2075 closely to the u\n-00056630: 7073 7472 6561 6d20 6465 6661 756c 7420 pstream default \n-00056640: 6265 6861 7669 6f72 2061 730a 706f 7373 behavior as.poss\n-00056650: 6962 6c65 2e0a 0a54 6865 7265 666f 7265 ible...Therefore\n-00056660: 2c20 6966 2061 2070 726f 6772 616d 2069 , if a program i\n-00056670: 6e20 6120 4465 6269 616e 2070 6163 6b61 n a Debian packa\n-00056680: 6765 206e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 6265 2063 ge needs to be c\n-00056690: 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 696e 0a73 6f6d onfigured in.som\n-000566a0: 6520 7761 7920 696e 206f 7264 6572 2074 e way in order t\n-000566b0: 6f20 6f70 6572 6174 6520 7365 6e73 6962 o operate sensib\n-000566c0: 6c79 2c20 7468 6174 2073 686f 756c 6420 ly, that should \n-000566d0: 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 7573 696e 6720 610a be done using a.\n-000566e0: 7369 7465 2d77 6964 6520 636f 6e66 6967 site-wide config\n-000566f0: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2070 6c61 uration file pla\n-00056700: 6365 6420 696e 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 e280 ced in .../etc..\n-00056710: 992e 2020 4f6e 6c79 2069 6620 7468 6520 .. Only if the \n-00056720: 7072 6f67 7261 6d0a 646f 6573 6ee2 8099 program.doesn...\n-00056730: 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6120 7369 7465 t support a site\n-00056740: 2d77 6964 6520 6465 6661 756c 7420 636f -wide default co\n-00056750: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 616e 6420 nfiguration and \n-00056760: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 650a 6d61 696e the package.main\n-00056770: 7461 696e 6572 2064 6f65 736e e280 9974 tainer doesn...t\n-00056780: 2068 6176 6520 7469 6d65 2074 6f20 6164 have time to ad\n-00056790: 6420 6974 206d 6179 2061 2064 6566 6175 d it may a defau\n-000567a0: 6c74 2070 6572 2d75 7365 7220 6669 6c65 lt per-user file\n-000567b0: 2062 650a 706c 6163 6564 2069 6e20 e280 be.placed in ..\n-000567c0: 982f 6574 632f 736b 656c e280 992e 0a0a ./etc/skel......\n-000567d0: e280 982f 6574 632f 736b 656c e280 9920 .../etc/skel... \n-000567e0: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6173 2065 6d70 should be as emp\n-000567f0: 7479 2061 7320 7765 2063 616e 206d 616b ty as we can mak\n-00056800: 6520 6974 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2070 e it. This is p\n-00056810: 6172 7469 6375 6c61 726c 790a 7472 7565 articularly.true\n-00056820: 2062 6563 6175 7365 2074 6865 7265 2069 because there i\n-00056830: 7320 6e6f 2065 6173 7920 286f 7220 6e65 s no easy (or ne\n-00056840: 6365 7373 6172 696c 7920 6465 7369 7261 cessarily desira\n-00056850: 626c 6529 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2066 ble) mechanism f\n-00056860: 6f72 0a65 6e73 7572 696e 6720 7468 6174 or.ensuring that\n-00056870: 2074 6865 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 the appropriate\n-00056880: 2064 6f74 6669 6c65 7320 6172 6520 636f dotfiles are co\n-00056890: 7069 6564 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 6163 pied into the ac\n-000568a0: 636f 756e 7473 206f 660a 6578 6973 7469 counts of.existi\n-000568b0: 6e67 2075 7365 7273 2077 6865 6e20 6120 ng users when a \n-000568c0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2069 6e73 7461 package is insta\n-000568d0: 6c6c 6564 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 lled.....File: d\n-000568e0: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 ebian-policy.inf\n-000568f0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4c6f 6720 6669 o, Node: Log fi\n-00056900: 6c65 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4c6f 6361 les, Next: Loca\n-00056910: 6c65 2066 696c 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a le files, Prev:\n-00056920: 2043 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 Configuration f\n-00056930: 696c 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2046 696c 6573 iles, Up: Files\n-00056940: 3c32 3e0a 0a39 2e38 204c 6f67 2066 696c <2>..9.8 Log fil\n-00056950: 6573 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d es.=============\n-00056960: 0a0a 4c6f 6720 6669 6c65 7320 7368 6f75 ..Log files shou\n-00056970: 6c64 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2062 6520 6e61 ld usually be na\n-00056980: 6d65 6420 e280 982f 7661 722f 6c6f 672f med .../var/log/\n-00056990: 7061 636b 6167 652e 6c6f 67e2 8099 2e20 package.log.... \n-000569a0: 2049 6620 796f 7520 6861 7665 0a6d 616e If you have.man\n-000569b0: 7920 6c6f 6720 6669 6c65 732c 206f 7220 y log files, or \n-000569c0: 6e65 6564 2061 2073 6570 6172 6174 6520 need a separate \n-000569d0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 666f 7220 7065 directory for pe\n-000569e0: 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 2072 6561 736f 6e73 rmission reasons\n-000569f0: 0a28 e280 982f 7661 722f 6c6f 67e2 8099 .(.../var/log...\n-00056a00: 2069 7320 7772 6974 6162 6c65 206f 6e6c is writable onl\n-00056a10: 7920 6279 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 e280 9929 y by ...root...)\n-00056a20: 2c20 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2075 7375 , you should usu\n-00056a30: 616c 6c79 2063 7265 6174 6520 610a 6469 ally create a.di\n-00056a40: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6e61 6d65 6420 e280 rectory named ..\n-00056a50: 982f 7661 722f 6c6f 672f 7061 636b 6167 ./var/log/packag\n-00056a60: 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 2070 6c61 6365 2079 e... and place y\n-00056a70: 6f75 7220 6c6f 6720 6669 6c65 7320 7468 our log files th\n-00056a80: 6572 652e 0a0a 4c6f 6720 6669 6c65 7320 ere...Log files \n-00056a90: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 726f 7461 7465 6420 must be rotated \n-00056aa0: 6f63 6361 7369 6f6e 616c 6c79 2073 6f20 occasionally so \n-00056ab0: 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 646f 6ee2 8099 that they don...\n-00056ac0: 7420 6772 6f77 0a69 6e64 6566 696e 6974 t grow.indefinit\n-00056ad0: 656c 792e 2020 5468 6520 6265 7374 2077 ely. The best w\n-00056ae0: 6179 2074 6f20 646f 2074 6869 7320 6973 ay to do this is\n-00056af0: 2074 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 6120 6c6f to install a lo\n-00056b00: 6720 726f 7461 7469 6f6e 0a63 6f6e 6669 g rotation.confi\n-00056b10: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 696e guration file in\n-00056b20: 2074 6865 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 20e2 the directory .\n-00056b30: 8098 2f65 7463 2f6c 6f67 726f 7461 7465 ../etc/logrotate\n-00056b40: 2e64 e280 992c 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 .d..., normally \n-00056b50: 6e61 6d65 640a e280 982f 6574 632f 6c6f named..../etc/lo\n-00056b60: 6772 6f74 6174 652e 642f 7061 636b 6167 grotate.d/packag\n-00056b70: 65e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 7573 6520 7468 e..., and use th\n-00056b80: 6520 6661 6369 6c69 7469 6573 2070 726f e facilities pro\n-00056b90: 7669 6465 6420 6279 0ae2 8098 6c6f 6772 vided by....logr\n-00056ba0: 6f74 6174 65e2 8099 2e20 2028 3129 2020 otate.... (1) \n-00056bb0: 4865 7265 2069 7320 6120 676f 6f64 2065 Here is a good e\n-00056bc0: 7861 6d70 6c65 2066 6f72 2061 206c 6f67 xample for a log\n-00056bd0: 726f 7461 7465 2063 6f6e 6669 6720 6669 rotate config fi\n-00056be0: 6c65 0a28 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 le.(for more inf\n-00056bf0: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2073 6565 20e2 8098 ormation see ...\n-00056c00: 6c6f 6772 6f74 6174 6528 3829 e280 9929 logrotate(8)...)\n-00056c10: 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 2f76 6172 2f6c 6f67 :.. /var/log\n-00056c20: 2f66 6f6f 2f2a 2e6c 6f67 207b 0a20 2020 /foo/*.log {. \n-00056c30: 2020 2020 2020 726f 7461 7465 2031 320a rotate 12.\n-00056c40: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2077 6565 6b6c 790a weekly.\n-00056c50: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2063 6f6d 7072 6573 compres\n-00056c60: 730a 2020 2020 2020 2020 206d 6973 7369 s. missi\n-00056c70: 6e67 6f6b 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 706f ngok. po\n-00056c80: 7374 726f 7461 7465 0a20 2020 2020 2020 strotate. \n-00056c90: 2020 2020 2020 7374 6172 742d 7374 6f70 start-stop\n-00056ca0: 2d64 6165 6d6f 6e20 2d4b 202d 7020 2f76 -daemon -K -p /v\n-00056cb0: 6172 2f72 756e 2f66 6f6f 2e70 6964 202d ar/run/foo.pid -\n-00056cc0: 7320 4855 5020 2d78 202f 7573 722f 7362 s HUP -x /usr/sb\n-00056cd0: 696e 2f66 6f6f 202d 710a 2020 2020 2020 in/foo -q. \n-00056ce0: 2020 2065 6e64 7363 7269 7074 0a20 2020 endscript. \n-00056cf0: 2020 7d0a 0a54 6869 7320 726f 7461 7465 }..This rotate\n-00056d00: 7320 616c 6c20 6669 6c65 7320 756e 6465 s all files unde\n-00056d10: 7220 e280 982f 7661 722f 6c6f 672f 666f r .../var/log/fo\n-00056d20: 6fe2 8099 2c20 7361 7665 7320 3132 2063 o..., saves 12 c\n-00056d30: 6f6d 7072 6573 7365 640a 6765 6e65 7261 ompressed.genera\n-00056d40: 7469 6f6e 732c 2061 6e64 2074 656c 6c73 tions, and tells\n-00056d50: 2074 6865 2064 6165 6d6f 6e20 746f 2072 the daemon to r\n-00056d60: 656f 7065 6e20 6974 7320 6c6f 6720 6669 eopen its log fi\n-00056d70: 6c65 7320 6166 7465 7220 7468 6520 6c6f les after the lo\n-00056d80: 670a 726f 7461 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 7420 g.rotation. It \n-00056d90: 736b 6970 7320 7468 6973 206c 6f67 2072 skips this log r\n-00056da0: 6f74 6174 696f 6e20 2876 6961 20e2 8098 otation (via ...\n-00056db0: 6d69 7373 696e 676f 6be2 8099 2920 6966 missingok...) if\n-00056dc0: 206e 6f20 7375 6368 206c 6f67 0a66 696c no such log.fil\n-00056dd0: 6520 6973 2070 7265 7365 6e74 2c20 7768 e is present, wh\n-00056de0: 6963 6820 6176 6f69 6473 2065 7272 6f72 ich avoids error\n-00056df0: 7320 6966 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 s if the package\n-00056e00: 2069 7320 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 6275 7420 is removed but \n-00056e10: 6e6f 740a 7075 7267 6564 2e0a 0a4c 6f67 not.purged...Log\n-00056e20: 2066 696c 6573 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 files should be\n-00056e30: 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2077 6865 6e20 7468 removed when th\n-00056e40: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2070 7572 e package is pur\n-00056e50: 6765 6420 2862 7574 206e 6f74 2077 6865 ged (but not whe\n-00056e60: 6e20 6974 0a69 7320 6f6e 6c79 2072 656d n it.is only rem\n-00056e70: 6f76 6564 292e 2020 5468 6973 2073 686f oved). This sho\n-00056e80: 756c 6420 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 6279 2074 uld be done by t\n-00056e90: 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 726d e280 9920 he ...postrm... \n-00056ea0: 7363 7269 7074 2077 6865 6e20 6974 2069 script when it i\n-00056eb0: 730a 6361 6c6c 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 s.called with th\n-00056ec0: 6520 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 20e2 8098 7075 e argument ...pu\n-00056ed0: 7267 65e2 8099 2028 7365 6520 2a6e 6f74 rge... (see *not\n-00056ee0: 6520 4465 7461 696c 7320 6f66 2072 656d e Details of rem\n-00056ef0: 6f76 616c 2061 6e64 2f6f 720a 636f 6e66 oval and/or.conf\n-00056f00: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 7075 7267 696e iguration purgin\n-00056f10: 673a 2064 612e 292e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d g: da.)... ---\n-00056f20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 ------- Footnote\n-00056f30: 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 s ----------.. \n-00056f40: 2028 3129 2054 6865 2074 7261 6469 7469 (1) The traditi\n-00056f50: 6f6e 616c 2061 7070 726f 6163 6820 746f onal approach to\n-00056f60: 206c 6f67 2066 696c 6573 2068 6173 2062 log files has b\n-00056f70: 6565 6e20 746f 2073 6574 2075 7020 2761 een to set up 'a\n-00056f80: 6420 686f 6327 0a6c 6f67 2072 6f74 6174 d hoc'.log rotat\n-00056f90: 696f 6e20 7363 6865 6d65 7320 7573 696e ion schemes usin\n-00056fa0: 6720 7369 6d70 6c65 2073 6865 6c6c 2073 g simple shell s\n-00056fb0: 6372 6970 7473 2061 6e64 2063 726f 6e2e cripts and cron.\n-00056fc0: 2020 5768 696c 6520 7468 6973 0a61 7070 While this.app\n-00056fd0: 726f 6163 6820 6973 2068 6967 686c 7920 roach is highly \n-00056fe0: 6375 7374 6f6d 697a 6162 6c65 2c20 6974 customizable, it\n-00056ff0: 2072 6571 7569 7265 7320 7175 6974 6520 requires quite \n-00057000: 6120 6c6f 7420 6f66 2073 7973 6164 6d69 a lot of sysadmi\n-00057010: 6e0a 776f 726b 2e20 2045 7665 6e20 7468 n.work. Even th\n-00057020: 6f75 6768 2074 6865 206f 7269 6769 6e61 ough the origina\n-00057030: 6c20 4465 6269 616e 2073 7973 7465 6d20 l Debian system \n-00057040: 6865 6c70 6564 2061 206c 6974 746c 6520 helped a little \n-00057050: 6279 0a61 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 by.automatically\n-00057060: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 6120 7379 installing a sy\n-00057070: 7374 656d 2077 6869 6368 2063 616e 2062 stem which can b\n-00057080: 6520 7573 6564 2061 7320 6120 7465 6d70 e used as a temp\n-00057090: 6c61 7465 2c20 7468 6973 0a77 6173 2064 late, this.was d\n-000570a0: 6565 6d65 6420 6e6f 7420 656e 6f75 6768 eemed not enough\n-000570b0: 2e0a 0a54 6865 2075 7365 206f 6620 e280 ...The use of ..\n-000570c0: 986c 6f67 726f 7461 7465 e280 992c 2061 .logrotate..., a\n-000570d0: 2070 726f 6772 616d 2064 6576 656c 6f70 program develop\n-000570e0: 6564 2062 7920 5265 6420 4861 742c 2069 ed by Red Hat, i\n-000570f0: 7320 6265 7474 6572 2c20 6173 2069 740a s better, as it.\n-00057100: 6365 6e74 7261 6c69 7a65 7320 6c6f 6720 centralizes log \n-00057110: 6d61 6e61 6765 6d65 6e74 2e20 2049 7420 management. It \n-00057120: 6861 7320 626f 7468 2061 2063 6f6e 6669 has both a confi\n-00057130: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 650a 28e2 guration file.(.\n-00057140: 8098 2f65 7463 2f6c 6f67 726f 7461 7465 ../etc/logrotate\n-00057150: 2e63 6f6e 66e2 8099 2920 616e 6420 6120 .conf...) and a \n-00057160: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7768 6572 6520 directory where \n-00057170: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2063 616e 2064 726f packages can dro\n-00057180: 7020 7468 6569 720a 696e 6469 7669 6475 p their.individu\n-00057190: 616c 206c 6f67 2072 6f74 6174 696f 6e20 al log rotation \n-000571a0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e73 2028 configurations (\n-000571b0: e280 982f 6574 632f 6c6f 6772 6f74 6174 .../etc/logrotat\n-000571c0: 652e 64e2 8099 292e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 e.d...).....File\n-000571d0: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n-000571e0: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204c 6f63 info, Node: Loc\n-000571f0: 616c 6520 6669 6c65 732c 2020 4e65 7874 ale files, Next\n-00057200: 3a20 5065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 7320 616e : Permissions an\n-00057210: 6420 6f77 6e65 7273 2c20 2050 7265 763a d owners, Prev:\n-00057220: 204c 6f67 2066 696c 6573 2c20 2055 703a Log files, Up:\n-00057230: 2046 696c 6573 3c32 3e0a 0a39 2e39 204c Files<2>..9.9 L\n-00057240: 6f63 616c 6520 6669 6c65 730a 3d3d 3d3d ocale files.====\n-00057250: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 ============..Th\n-00057260: 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 e280 982f e directory .../\n-00057270: 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 6c6f 6361 6c65 usr/share/locale\n-00057280: 2fe2 8099 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 6c6f /... contains lo\n-00057290: 6361 6c69 7a61 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 calization files\n-000572a0: 2066 6f72 0a64 6966 6665 7265 6e74 206c for.different l\n-000572b0: 6f63 616c 6573 2e0a 0a50 6163 6b61 6765 ocales...Package\n-000572c0: 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2072 6571 s should not req\n-000572d0: 7569 7265 2074 6865 2065 7869 7374 656e uire the existen\n-000572e0: 6365 206f 6620 616e 7920 6669 6c65 7320 ce of any files \n-000572f0: 696e 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 in..../usr/share\n-00057300: 2f6c 6f63 616c 652f e280 9920 696e 206f /locale/... in o\n-00057310: 7264 6572 2074 6f20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e rder to function\n-00057320: 2069 6e20 6120 e280 9843 e280 9920 6f72 in a ...C... or\n-00057330: 20e2 8098 432e 5554 462d 38e2 8099 206c ...C.UTF-8... l\n-00057340: 6f63 616c 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ocale.....File: \n-00057350: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n-00057360: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2050 6572 6d69 fo, Node: Permi\n-00057370: 7373 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 206f 776e 6572 ssions and owner\n-00057380: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4669 6c65 206e s, Next: File n\n-00057390: 616d 6573 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204c 6f63 ames, Prev: Loc\n-000573a0: 616c 6520 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5570 3a20 ale files, Up: \n-000573b0: 4669 6c65 733c 323e 0a0a 392e 3130 2050 Files<2>..9.10 P\n-000573c0: 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 206f ermissions and o\n-000573d0: 776e 6572 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d wners.==========\n-000573e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-000573f0: 3d0a 0a54 6865 2072 756c 6573 2069 6e20 =..The rules in \n-00057400: 7468 6973 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2061 7265 this section are\n-00057410: 2067 7569 6465 6c69 6e65 7320 666f 7220 guidelines for \n-00057420: 6765 6e65 7261 6c20 7573 652e 2020 4966 general use. If\n-00057430: 206e 6563 6573 7361 7279 0a79 6f75 206d necessary.you m\n-00057440: 6179 2064 6576 6961 7465 2066 726f 6d20 ay deviate from \n-00057450: 7468 6520 6465 7461 696c 7320 6265 6c6f the details belo\n-00057460: 772e 2020 486f 7765 7665 722c 2069 6620 w. However, if \n-00057470: 796f 7520 646f 2073 6f20 796f 7520 6d75 you do so you mu\n-00057480: 7374 0a6d 616b 6520 7375 7265 2074 6861 st.make sure tha\n-00057490: 7420 7768 6174 2069 7320 646f 6e65 2069 t what is done i\n-000574a0: 7320 7365 6375 7265 2061 6e64 2079 6f75 s secure and you\n-000574b0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 7472 7920 746f 2062 should try to b\n-000574c0: 6520 6173 0a63 6f6e 7369 7374 656e 7420 e as.consistent \n-000574d0: 6173 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 7769 7468 as possible with\n-000574e0: 2074 6865 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 6865 the rest of the\n-000574f0: 2073 7973 7465 6d2e 2020 596f 7520 6172 system. You ar\n-00057500: 6520 616c 736f 0a65 6e63 6f75 7261 6765 e also.encourage\n-00057510: 6420 746f 2064 6973 6375 7373 2069 7420 d to discuss it \n-00057520: 6f6e 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2d64 6576 on ...debian-dev\n-00057530: 656c e280 9920 6669 7273 742e 0a0a 4669 el... first...Fi\n-00057540: 6c65 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6f77 les should be ow\n-00057550: 6e65 6420 6279 20e2 8098 726f 6f74 3a72 ned by ...root:r\n-00057560: 6f6f 74e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 6d61 6465 oot..., and made\n-00057570: 2077 7269 7461 626c 6520 6f6e 6c79 2062 writable only b\n-00057580: 7920 7468 650a 6f77 6e65 7220 616e 6420 y the.owner and \n-00057590: 756e 6976 6572 7361 6c6c 7920 7265 6164 universally read\n-000575a0: 6162 6c65 2028 616e 6420 6578 6563 7574 able (and execut\n-000575b0: 6162 6c65 2c20 6966 2061 7070 726f 7072 able, if appropr\n-000575c0: 6961 7465 292c 2074 6861 7420 6973 0a6d iate), that is.m\n-000575d0: 6f64 6520 3634 3420 6f72 2037 3535 2e0a ode 644 or 755..\n-000575e0: 0a44 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 2073 686f .Directories sho\n-000575f0: 756c 6420 6265 206d 6f64 6520 3735 3520 uld be mode 755 \n-00057600: 6f72 2028 666f 7220 6772 6f75 702d 7772 or (for group-wr\n-00057610: 6974 6162 696c 6974 7929 206d 6f64 6520 itability) mode \n-00057620: 3237 3735 2e0a 5468 6520 6f77 6e65 7273 2775..The owners\n-00057630: 6869 7020 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6972 6563 hip of the direc\n-00057640: 746f 7279 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2063 tory should be c\n-00057650: 6f6e 7369 7374 656e 7420 7769 7468 2069 onsistent with i\n-00057660: 7473 206d 6f64 653a 2069 6620 610a 6469 ts mode: if a.di\n-00057670: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6973 206d 6f64 6520 rectory is mode \n-00057680: 3237 3735 2c20 6974 2073 686f 756c 6420 2775, it should \n-00057690: 6265 206f 776e 6564 2062 7920 7468 6520 be owned by the \n-000576a0: 6772 6f75 7020 7468 6174 206e 6565 6473 group that needs\n-000576b0: 2077 7269 7465 0a61 6363 6573 7320 746f write.access to\n-000576c0: 2069 742e 2020 2831 290a 0a43 6f6e 7472 it. 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When \n-00058160: 7468 6973 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6368 this has been ch\n-00058170: 6563 6b65 6420 796f 7520 6d75 7374 2061 ecked you must a\n-00058180: 7272 616e 6765 2066 6f72 2079 6f75 7220 rrange for your \n-00058190: 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f 0a63 7265 6174 package to.creat\n-000581a0: 6520 7468 6520 7573 6572 206f 7220 6772 e the user or gr\n-000581b0: 6f75 7020 6966 206e 6563 6573 7361 7279 oup if necessary\n-000581c0: 2075 7369 6e67 20e2 8098 6164 6475 7365 using ...adduse\n-000581d0: 72e2 8099 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9870 r... in the ...p\n-000581e0: 7265 696e 7374 e280 990a 6f72 20e2 8098 reinst....or ...\n-000581f0: 706f 7374 696e 7374 e280 9920 7363 7269 postinst... scri\n-00058200: 7074 2028 6167 6169 6e2c 2074 6865 206c pt (again, the l\n-00058210: 6174 7465 7220 6973 2074 6f20 6265 2070 atter is to be p\n-00058220: 7265 6665 7272 6564 2069 6620 6974 2069 referred if it i\n-00058230: 730a 706f 7373 6962 6c65 292e 0a0a 4e6f s.possible)...No\n-00058240: 7465 2074 6861 7420 6368 616e 6769 6e67 te that changing\n-00058250: 2074 6865 206e 756d 6572 6963 2076 616c the numeric val\n-00058260: 7565 206f 6620 616e 2069 6420 6173 736f ue of an id asso\n-00058270: 6369 6174 6564 2077 6974 6820 6120 6e61 ciated with a na\n-00058280: 6d65 2069 730a 7665 7279 2064 6966 6669 me is.very diffi\n-00058290: 6375 6c74 2c20 616e 6420 696e 766f 6c76 cult, and involv\n-000582a0: 6573 2073 6561 7263 6869 6e67 2074 6865 es searching the\n-000582b0: 2066 696c 6520 7379 7374 656d 2066 6f72 file system for\n-000582c0: 2061 6c6c 0a61 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 all.appropriate\n-000582d0: 2066 696c 6573 2e20 2059 6f75 206e 6565 files. You nee\n-000582e0: 6420 746f 2074 6869 6e6b 2063 6172 6566 d to think caref\n-000582f0: 756c 6c79 2077 6865 7468 6572 2061 2073 ully whether a s\n-00058300: 7461 7469 6320 6f72 0a64 796e 616d 6963 tatic or.dynamic\n-00058310: 2069 6420 6973 2072 6571 7569 7265 642c id is required,\n-00058320: 2073 696e 6365 2063 6861 6e67 696e 6720 since changing \n-00058330: 796f 7572 206d 696e 6420 6c61 7465 7220 your mind later \n-00058340: 7769 6c6c 2063 6175 7365 0a70 726f 626c will cause.probl\n-00058350: 656d 732e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a ems...* Menu:..*\n-00058360: 2054 6865 2075 7365 206f 6620 6470 6b67 The use of dpkg\n-00058370: 2d73 7461 746f 7665 7272 6964 653a 3a0a -statoverride::.\n-00058380: 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 . ---------- F\n-00058390: 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ootnotes -------\n-000583a0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 5768 656e ---.. (1) When\n-000583b0: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 7570 a package is up\n-000583c0: 6772 6164 6564 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6520 graded, and the \n-000583d0: 6f77 6e65 7220 6f72 2070 6572 6d69 7373 owner or permiss\n-000583e0: 696f 6e73 206f 6620 610a 6669 6c65 2069 ions of a.file i\n-000583f0: 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 2070 ncluded in the p\n-00058400: 6163 6b61 6765 2068 6173 2063 6861 6e67 ackage has chang\n-00058410: 6564 2c20 6470 6b67 2061 7272 616e 6765 ed, dpkg arrange\n-00058420: 7320 666f 7220 7468 650a 6f77 6e65 7273 s for the.owners\n-00058430: 6869 7020 616e 6420 7065 726d 6973 7369 hip and permissi\n-00058440: 6f6e 7320 746f 2062 6520 636f 7272 6563 ons to be correc\n-00058450: 746c 7920 7365 7420 7570 6f6e 2069 6e73 tly set upon ins\n-00058460: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e2e 0a48 6f77 6576 tallation..Howev\n-00058470: 6572 2c20 7468 6973 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f er, this does no\n-00058480: 7420 6578 7465 6e64 2074 6f20 6469 7265 t extend to dire\n-00058490: 6374 6f72 6965 733b 2074 6865 2070 6572 ctories; the per\n-000584a0: 6d69 7373 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 0a6f 776e missions and.own\n-000584b0: 6572 7368 6970 206f 6620 6469 7265 6374 ership of direct\n-000584c0: 6f72 6965 7320 616c 7265 6164 7920 6f6e ories already on\n-000584d0: 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d20 646f 6573 the system does\n-000584e0: 206e 6f74 2063 6861 6e67 6520 6f6e 0a69 not change on.i\n-000584f0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 206f 7220 7570 6772 6164 nstall or upgrad\n-00058500: 6520 6f66 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e 2020 e of packages. \n-00058510: 5468 6973 206d 616b 6573 2073 656e 7365 This makes sense\n-00058520: 2c20 7369 6e63 6520 6f74 6865 7277 6973 , since otherwis\n-00058530: 650a 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2064 6972 6563 746f e.common directo\n-00058540: 7269 6573 206c 696b 6520 e280 982f 7573 ries like .../us\n-00058550: 72e2 8099 2077 6f75 6c64 2061 6c77 6179 r... would alway\n-00058560: 7320 6265 2069 6e20 666c 7578 2e20 2054 s be in flux. 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Linux...\n-00059700: 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 7765 2064 6f6e Note that we don\n-00059710: e280 9974 2077 616e 7420 746f 2075 7365 ...t want to use\n-00059720: 20e2 8098 6172 6368 2d64 6562 6961 6e2d ...arch-debian-\n-00059730: 6c69 6e75 78e2 8099 2074 6f20 6170 706c linux... to appl\n-00059740: 7920 746f 2074 6865 2072 756c 650a e280 y to the rule...\n-00059750: 9861 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 652d 7665 .architecture-ve\n-00059760: 6e64 6f72 2d6f 73e2 8099 2073 696e 6365 ndor-os... since\n-00059770: 2074 6869 7320 776f 756c 6420 6d61 6b65 this would make\n-00059780: 206f 7572 2070 726f 6772 616d 7320 696e our programs in\n-00059790: 636f 6d70 6174 6962 6c65 0a77 6974 6820 compatible.with \n-000597a0: 6f74 6865 7220 4c69 6e75 7820 6469 7374 other Linux dist\n-000597b0: 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 732e 2020 5765 2061 ributions. We a\n-000597c0: 6c73 6f20 646f 6ee2 8099 7420 7573 6520 lso don...t use \n-000597d0: 736f 6d65 7468 696e 6720 6c69 6b65 0ae2 something like..\n-000597e0: 8098 6172 6368 2d75 6e6b 6e6f 776e 2d6c ..arch-unknown-l\n-000597f0: 696e 7578 e280 992c 2073 696e 6365 2074 inux..., since t\n-00059800: 6865 20e2 8098 756e 6b6e 6f77 6ee2 8099 he ...unknown...\n-00059810: 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6c6f 6f6b 2076 does not look v\n-00059820: 6572 7920 676f 6f64 2e0a 0a2a 204d 656e ery good...* Men\n-00059830: 753a 0a0a 2a20 4172 6368 6974 6563 7475 u:..* Architectu\n-00059840: 7265 2077 696c 6463 6172 6473 3a3a 0a0a re wildcards::..\n-00059850: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n-00059860: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n-00059870: 653a 2041 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6520 e: Architecture \n-00059880: 7769 6c64 6361 7264 732c 2020 5570 3a20 wildcards, Up: \n-00059890: 4172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 2073 7065 Architecture spe\n-000598a0: 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2073 7472 696e cification strin\n-000598b0: 6773 0a0a 3130 2e31 2e31 2041 7263 6869 gs..10.1.1 Archi\n-000598c0: 7465 6374 7572 6520 7769 6c64 6361 7264 tecture wildcard\n-000598d0: 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d s.--------------\n-000598e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-000598f0: 0a41 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6179 2073 .A package may s\n-00059900: 7065 6369 6679 2061 6e20 6172 6368 6974 pecify an archit\n-00059910: 6563 7475 7265 2077 696c 6463 6172 642e ecture wildcard.\n-00059920: 2020 4172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 2077 Architecture w\n-00059930: 696c 6463 6172 6473 0a61 7265 2069 6e20 ildcards.are in \n-00059940: 7468 6520 666f 726d 6174 20e2 8098 616e the format ...an\n-00059950: 79e2 8099 2028 7768 6963 6820 6d61 7463 y... (which matc\n-00059960: 6865 7320 6576 6572 7920 6172 6368 6974 hes every archit\n-00059970: 6563 7475 7265 292c 20e2 8098 6f73 e280 ecture), ...os..\n-00059980: 992d 616e 792c 206f 720a 616e 792d e280 .-any, or.any-..\n-00059990: 9863 7075 e280 992e 2020 2831 290a 0a20 .cpu.... (1).. \n-000599a0: 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f ---------- Foo\n-000599b0: 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tnotes ---------\n-000599c0: 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 496e 7465 726e -.. (1) Intern\n-000599d0: 616c 6c79 2c20 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 ally, the packag\n-000599e0: 6520 7379 7374 656d 206e 6f72 6d61 6c69 e system normali\n-000599f0: 7a65 7320 7468 6520 474e 5520 7472 6970 zes the GNU trip\n-00059a00: 6c65 7473 2061 6e64 0a74 6865 2044 6562 lets and.the Deb\n-00059a10: 6961 6e20 6172 6368 6573 2069 6e74 6f20 ian arches into \n-00059a20: 4465 6269 616e 2061 7263 6820 7472 6970 Debian arch trip\n-00059a30: 6c65 7473 2028 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 lets (which are \n-00059a40: 6b69 6e64 206f 6620 696e 7665 7274 6564 kind of inverted\n-00059a50: 0a47 4e55 2074 7269 706c 6574 7329 2c20 .GNU triplets), \n-00059a60: 7769 7468 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 2063 with the first c\n-00059a70: 6f6d 706f 6e65 6e74 206f 6620 7468 6520 omponent of the \n-00059a80: 7472 6970 6c65 7420 7265 7072 6573 656e triplet represen\n-00059a90: 7469 6e67 2074 6865 0a6c 6962 6320 616e ting the.libc an\n-00059aa0: 6420 4142 4920 696e 2075 7365 2c20 616e d ABI in use, an\n-00059ab0: 6420 7468 656e 2064 6f65 7320 6d61 7463 d then does matc\n-00059ac0: 6869 6e67 2061 6761 696e 7374 2074 686f hing against tho\n-00059ad0: 7365 2074 7269 706c 6574 732e 0a48 6f77 se triplets..How\n-00059ae0: 6576 6572 2c20 7375 6368 2074 7269 706c ever, such tripl\n-00059af0: 6574 7320 6172 6520 616e 2069 6e74 6572 ets are an inter\n-00059b00: 6e61 6c20 696d 706c 656d 656e 7461 7469 nal implementati\n-00059b10: 6f6e 2064 6574 6169 6c20 7468 6174 2073 on detail that s\n-00059b20: 686f 756c 640a 6e6f 7420 6265 2075 7365 hould.not be use\n-00059b30: 6420 6279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6469 d by packages di\n-00059b40: 7265 6374 6c79 2e20 2054 6865 206c 6962 rectly. The lib\n-00059b50: 6320 616e 6420 4142 4920 706f 7274 696f c and ABI portio\n-00059b60: 6e20 6973 2068 616e 646c 6564 0a69 6e74 n is handled.int\n-00059b70: 6572 6e61 6c6c 7920 6279 2074 6865 2070 ernally by the p\n-00059b80: 6163 6b61 6765 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6261 ackage system ba\n-00059b90: 7365 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 206f 7320 616e sed on the os an\n-00059ba0: 6420 6370 752e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 d cpu.....File: \n-00059bb0: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n-00059bc0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2044 6165 6d6f fo, Node: Daemo\n-00059bd0: 6e73 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2055 7369 6e67 ns, Next: Using\n-00059be0: 2070 7365 7564 6f2d 7474 7973 2061 6e64 pseudo-ttys and\n-00059bf0: 206d 6f64 6966 7969 6e67 2077 746d 7020 modifying wtmp \n-00059c00: 7574 6d70 2061 6e64 206c 6173 746c 6f67 utmp and lastlog\n-00059c10: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2041 7263 6869 7465 , Prev: Archite\n-00059c20: 6374 7572 6520 7370 6563 6966 6963 6174 cture specificat\n-00059c30: 696f 6e20 7374 7269 6e67 732c 2020 5570 ion strings, Up\n-00059c40: 3a20 4375 7374 6f6d 697a 6564 2070 726f : Customized pro\n-00059c50: 6772 616d 730a 0a31 302e 3220 4461 656d grams..10.2 Daem\n-00059c60: 6f6e 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ons.============\n-00059c70: 0a0a 5468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 ..The configurat\n-00059c80: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 e280 982f 6574 ion files .../et\n-00059c90: 632f 7365 7276 6963 6573 e280 992c 20e2 c/services..., .\n-00059ca0: 8098 2f65 7463 2f70 726f 746f 636f 6c73 ../etc/protocols\n-00059cb0: e280 992c 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 2f65 7463 ..., and..../etc\n-00059cc0: 2f72 7063 e280 9920 6172 6520 6d61 6e61 /rpc... are mana\n-00059cd0: 6765 6420 6279 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6e65 ged by the ...ne\n-00059ce0: 7462 6173 65e2 8099 2070 6163 6b61 6765 tbase... package\n-00059cf0: 2061 6e64 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 6265 and must not be\n-00059d00: 206d 6f64 6966 6965 640a 6279 206f 7468 modified.by oth\n-00059d10: 6572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732e 0a0a 4966 er packages...If\n-00059d20: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2072 6571 7569 a package requi\n-00059d30: 7265 7320 6120 6e65 7720 656e 7472 7920 res a new entry \n-00059d40: 696e 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6573 6520 in one of these \n-00059d50: 6669 6c65 732c 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e74 files, the maint\n-00059d60: 6169 6e65 720a 7368 6f75 6c64 2067 6574 ainer.should get\n-00059d70: 2069 6e20 636f 6e74 6163 7420 7769 7468 in contact with\n-00059d80: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6e65 7462 6173 65e2 the ...netbase.\n-00059d90: 8099 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 722c 2077 .. maintainer, w\n-00059da0: 686f 2077 696c 6c20 6164 6420 7468 650a ho will add the.\n-00059db0: 656e 7472 6965 7320 616e 6420 7265 6c65 entries and rele\n-00059dc0: 6173 6520 6120 6e65 7720 7665 7273 696f ase a new versio\n-00059dd0: 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6e65 7462 n of the ...netb\n-00059de0: 6173 65e2 8099 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a ase... package..\n-00059df0: 0a54 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 .The configurati\n-00059e00: 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 e280 982f 6574 632f on file .../etc/\n-00059e10: 696e 6574 642e 636f 6e66 e280 9920 6d75 inetd.conf... mu\n-00059e20: 7374 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6d6f 6469 6669 st not be modifi\n-00059e30: 6564 2062 7920 7468 650a 7061 636b 6167 ed by the.packag\n-00059e40: 65e2 8099 7320 7363 7269 7074 7320 6578 e...s scripts ex\n-00059e50: 6365 7074 2076 6961 2074 6865 20e2 8098 cept via the ...\n-00059e60: 7570 6461 7465 2d69 6e65 7464 e280 9920 update-inetd... \n-00059e70: 7363 7269 7074 206f 7220 7468 650a e280 script or the...\n-00059e80: 9844 6562 6961 6e4e 6574 2e70 6de2 8099 .DebianNet.pm...\n-00059e90: 2050 6572 6c20 6d6f 6475 6c65 2e20 2053 Perl module. S\n-00059ea0: 6565 2074 6865 6972 2064 6f63 756d 656e ee their documen\n-00059eb0: 7461 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2064 6574 6169 tation for detai\n-00059ec0: 6c73 206f 6e20 686f 770a 746f 2061 6464 ls on how.to add\n-00059ed0: 2065 6e74 7269 6573 2e0a 0a49 6620 6120 entries...If a \n-00059ee0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7761 6e74 7320 746f package wants to\n-00059ef0: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2061 6e20 6578 616d install an exam\n-00059f00: 706c 6520 656e 7472 7920 696e 746f 20e2 ple entry into .\n-00059f10: 8098 2f65 7463 2f69 6e65 7464 2e63 6f6e ../etc/inetd.con\n-00059f20: 66e2 8099 2c0a 7468 6520 656e 7472 7920 f...,.the entry \n-00059f30: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7072 6563 6564 6564 must be preceded\n-00059f40: 2077 6974 6820 6578 6163 746c 7920 6f6e with exactly on\n-00059f50: 6520 6861 7368 2063 6861 7261 6374 6572 e hash character\n-00059f60: 2028 e280 9823 e280 9929 2e20 2053 7563 (...#...). Suc\n-00059f70: 680a 6c69 6e65 7320 6172 6520 7472 6561 h.lines are trea\n-00059f80: 7465 6420 6173 20e2 809c 636f 6d6d 656e ted as ...commen\n-00059f90: 7465 6420 6f75 7420 6279 2075 7365 72e2 ted out by user.\n-00059fa0: 809d 2062 7920 7468 6520 e280 9875 7064 .. by the ...upd\n-00059fb0: 6174 652d 696e 6574 64e2 8099 0a73 6372 ate-inetd....scr\n-00059fc0: 6970 7420 616e 6420 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 ipt and are not \n-00059fd0: 6368 616e 6765 6420 6f72 2061 6374 6976 changed or activ\n-00059fe0: 6174 6564 2064 7572 696e 6720 7061 636b ated during pack\n-00059ff0: 6167 6520 7570 6461 7465 732e 0a0a 1f0a age updates.....\n-0005a000: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-0005a010: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-0005a020: 2055 7369 6e67 2070 7365 7564 6f2d 7474 Using pseudo-tt\n-0005a030: 7973 2061 6e64 206d 6f64 6966 7969 6e67 ys and modifying\n-0005a040: 2077 746d 7020 7574 6d70 2061 6e64 206c wtmp utmp and l\n-0005a050: 6173 746c 6f67 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2045 astlog, Next: E\n-0005a060: 6469 746f 7273 2061 6e64 2070 6167 6572 ditors and pager\n-0005a070: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4461 656d 6f6e s, Prev: Daemon\n-0005a080: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4375 7374 6f6d 697a s, Up: Customiz\n-0005a090: 6564 2070 726f 6772 616d 730a 0a31 302e ed programs..10.\n-0005a0a0: 3320 5573 696e 6720 7073 6575 646f 2d74 3 Using pseudo-t\n-0005a0b0: 7479 7320 616e 6420 6d6f 6469 6679 696e tys and modifyin\n-0005a0c0: 6720 7774 6d70 2c20 7574 6d70 2061 6e64 g wtmp, utmp and\n-0005a0d0: 206c 6173 746c 6f67 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d lastlog.=======\n-0005a0e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0005a0f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0005a100: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0005a110: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 536f 6d65 2070 726f 6772 ====..Some progr\n-0005a120: 616d 7320 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 6372 6561 ams need to crea\n-0005a130: 7465 2070 7365 7564 6f2d 7474 7973 2e20 te pseudo-ttys. \n-0005a140: 2054 6869 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 This should be \n-0005a150: 646f 6e65 2075 7369 6e67 0a55 6e69 7839 done using.Unix9\n-0005a160: 3820 7074 7973 2069 6620 7468 6520 4320 8 ptys if the C \n-0005a170: 6c69 6272 6172 7920 7375 7070 6f72 7473 library supports\n-0005a180: 2069 742e 2020 5468 6520 7265 7375 6c74 it. The result\n-0005a190: 696e 6720 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 6d75 7374 ing program must\n-0005a1a0: 0a6e 6f74 2062 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 .not be installe\n-0005a1b0: 6420 7365 7475 6964 2072 6f6f 742c 2075 d setuid root, u\n-0005a1c0: 6e6c 6573 7320 7468 6174 2069 7320 7265 nless that is re\n-0005a1d0: 7175 6972 6564 2066 6f72 206f 7468 6572 quired for other\n-0005a1e0: 0a66 756e 6374 696f 6e61 6c69 7479 2e0a .functionality..\n-0005a1f0: 0a54 6865 2066 696c 6573 20e2 8098 2f76 .The files .../v\n-0005a200: 6172 2f72 756e 2f75 746d 70e2 8099 2c20 ar/run/utmp..., \n-0005a210: e280 982f 7661 722f 6c6f 672f 7774 6d70 .../var/log/wtmp\n-0005a220: e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 982f 7661 722f ... and .../var/\n-0005a230: 6c6f 672f 6c61 7374 6c6f 67e2 8099 206d log/lastlog... m\n-0005a240: 7573 740a 6265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 ust.be installed\n-0005a250: 2077 7269 7461 626c 6520 6279 2067 726f writable by gro\n-0005a260: 7570 20e2 8098 7574 6d70 e280 992e 2020 up ...utmp.... \n-0005a270: 5072 6f67 7261 6d73 2077 6869 6368 206e Programs which n\n-0005a280: 6565 6420 746f 206d 6f64 6966 790a 7468 eed to modify.th\n-0005a290: 6f73 6520 6669 6c65 7320 6d75 7374 2062 ose files must b\n-0005a2a0: 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 7365 7467 e installed setg\n-0005a2b0: 6964 20e2 8098 7574 6d70 e280 992e 0a0a id ...utmp......\n-0005a2c0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n-0005a2d0: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n-0005a2e0: 653a 2045 6469 746f 7273 2061 6e64 2070 e: Editors and p\n-0005a2f0: 6167 6572 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5765 agers, Next: We\n-0005a300: 6220 7365 7276 6572 7320 616e 6420 6170 b servers and ap\n-0005a310: 706c 6963 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 2050 7265 plications, Pre\n-0005a320: 763a 2055 7369 6e67 2070 7365 7564 6f2d v: Using pseudo-\n-0005a330: 7474 7973 2061 6e64 206d 6f64 6966 7969 ttys and modifyi\n-0005a340: 6e67 2077 746d 7020 7574 6d70 2061 6e64 ng wtmp utmp and\n-0005a350: 206c 6173 746c 6f67 2c20 2055 703a 2043 lastlog, Up: C\n-0005a360: 7573 746f 6d69 7a65 6420 7072 6f67 7261 ustomized progra\n-0005a370: 6d73 0a0a 3130 2e34 2045 6469 746f 7273 ms..10.4 Editors\n-0005a380: 2061 6e64 2070 6167 6572 730a 3d3d 3d3d and pagers.====\n-0005a390: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0005a3a0: 3d3d 3d0a 0a53 6f6d 6520 7072 6f67 7261 ===..Some progra\n-0005a3b0: 6d73 2068 6176 6520 7468 6520 6162 696c ms have the abil\n-0005a3c0: 6974 7920 746f 206c 6175 6e63 6820 616e ity to launch an\n-0005a3d0: 2065 6469 746f 7220 6f72 2070 6167 6572 editor or pager\n-0005a3e0: 2070 726f 6772 616d 2074 6f0a 6564 6974 program to.edit\n-0005a3f0: 206f 7220 6469 7370 6c61 7920 6120 7465 or display a te\n-0005a400: 7874 2064 6f63 756d 656e 742e 2020 5369 xt document. Si\n-0005a410: 6e63 6520 7468 6572 6520 6172 6520 6c6f nce there are lo\n-0005a420: 7473 206f 6620 6469 6666 6572 656e 740a ts of different.\n-0005a430: 6564 6974 6f72 7320 616e 6420 7061 6765 editors and page\n-0005a440: 7273 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 rs available in \n-0005a450: 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2064 6973 7472 the Debian distr\n-0005a460: 6962 7574 696f 6e2c 2074 6865 2073 7973 ibution, the sys\n-0005a470: 7465 6d0a 6164 6d69 6e69 7374 7261 746f tem.administrato\n-0005a480: 7220 616e 6420 6561 6368 2075 7365 7220 r and each user \n-0005a490: 7368 6f75 6c64 2068 6176 6520 7468 6520 should have the \n-0005a4a0: 706f 7373 6962 696c 6974 7920 746f 2063 possibility to c\n-0005a4b0: 686f 6f73 6520 7468 6569 720a 7072 6566 hoose their.pref\n-0005a4c0: 6572 7265 6420 6564 6974 6f72 2061 6e64 erred editor and\n-0005a4d0: 2070 6167 6572 2e0a 0a49 6e20 6164 6469 pager...In addi\n-0005a4e0: 7469 6f6e 2c20 6576 6572 7920 7072 6f67 tion, every prog\n-0005a4f0: 7261 6d20 7368 6f75 6c64 2063 686f 6f73 ram should choos\n-0005a500: 6520 6120 676f 6f64 2064 6566 6175 6c74 e a good default\n-0005a510: 2065 6469 746f 722f 7061 6765 7220 6966 editor/pager if\n-0005a520: 0a6e 6f6e 6520 6973 2073 656c 6563 7465 .none is selecte\n-0005a530: 6420 6279 2074 6865 2075 7365 7220 6f72 d by the user or\n-0005a540: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6164 6d69 6e69 7374 system administ\n-0005a550: 7261 746f 722e 0a0a 5468 7573 2c20 6576 rator...Thus, ev\n-0005a560: 6572 7920 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 7468 6174 ery program that\n-0005a570: 206c 6175 6e63 6865 7320 616e 2065 6469 launches an edi\n-0005a580: 746f 7220 6f72 2070 6167 6572 206d 7573 tor or pager mus\n-0005a590: 7420 7573 6520 7468 6520 4544 4954 4f52 t use the EDITOR\n-0005a5a0: 0a6f 7220 5041 4745 5220 656e 7669 726f .or PAGER enviro\n-0005a5b0: 6e6d 656e 7420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2074 nment variable t\n-0005a5c0: 6f20 6465 7465 726d 696e 6520 7468 6520 o determine the \n-0005a5d0: 6564 6974 6f72 206f 7220 7061 6765 7220 editor or pager \n-0005a5e0: 7468 6520 7573 6572 0a77 6973 6865 7320 the user.wishes \n-0005a5f0: 746f 2075 7365 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6573 to use. If thes\n-0005a600: 6520 7661 7269 6162 6c65 7320 6172 6520 e variables are \n-0005a610: 6e6f 7420 7365 742c 2074 6865 2070 726f not set, the pro\n-0005a620: 6772 616d 730a e280 982f 7573 722f 6269 grams..../usr/bi\n-0005a630: 6e2f 6564 6974 6f72 e280 9920 616e 6420 n/editor... and \n-0005a640: e280 982f 7573 722f 6269 6e2f 7061 6765 .../usr/bin/page\n-0005a650: 72e2 8099 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2075 r... should be u\n-0005a660: 7365 642c 2072 6573 7065 6374 6976 656c sed, respectivel\n-0005a670: 792e 0a54 6865 7365 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 y..These command\n-0005a680: 7320 6d61 7920 6265 2069 6e76 6f6b 6564 s may be invoked\n-0005a690: 2065 7870 6c69 6369 746c 7920 2865 2e67 explicitly (e.g\n-0005a6a0: 2e2c 2061 7320 e280 982f 7573 722f 6269 ., as .../usr/bi\n-0005a6b0: 6e2f 6564 6974 6f72 e280 9929 206f 720a n/editor...) or.\n-0005a6c0: 7669 6120 6120 5041 5448 2073 6561 7263 via a PATH searc\n-0005a6d0: 6820 2865 2e67 2e2c 2061 7320 e280 9865 h (e.g., as ...e\n-0005a6e0: 6469 746f 72e2 8099 292e 0a0a 5468 6573 ditor...)...Thes\n-0005a6f0: 6520 7477 6f20 6669 6c65 7320 6172 6520 e two files are \n-0005a700: 6d61 6e61 6765 6420 7468 726f 7567 6820 managed through \n-0005a710: 7468 6520 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 20e2 the ...dpkg... .\n-0005a720: 809c 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 6573 e280 ..alternatives..\n-0005a730: 9d20 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d2e 0a45 7665 . mechanism..Eve\n-0005a740: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2070 726f 7669 ry package provi\n-0005a750: 6469 6e67 2061 6e20 6564 6974 6f72 206f ding an editor o\n-0005a760: 7220 7061 6765 7220 6d75 7374 2063 616c r pager must cal\n-0005a770: 6c20 7468 650a e280 9875 7064 6174 652d l the....update-\n-0005a780: 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 6573 e280 9920 alternatives... \n-0005a790: 7363 7269 7074 2074 6f20 7265 6769 7374 script to regist\n-0005a7a0: 6572 2061 7320 616e 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 er as an alterna\n-0005a7b0: 7469 7665 2066 6f72 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 tive for..../usr\n-0005a7c0: 2f62 696e 2f65 6469 746f 72e2 8099 206f /bin/editor... o\n-0005a7d0: 7220 e280 982f 7573 722f 6269 6e2f 7061 r .../usr/bin/pa\n-0005a7e0: 6765 72e2 8099 2061 7320 6170 7072 6f70 ger... as approp\n-0005a7f0: 7269 6174 652e 2020 5468 6520 616c 7465 riate. The alte\n-0005a800: 726e 6174 6976 650a 7368 6f75 6c64 2068 rnative.should h\n-0005a810: 6176 6520 6120 736c 6176 6520 616c 7465 ave a slave alte\n-0005a820: 726e 6174 6976 6520 666f 7220 e280 982f rnative for .../\n-0005a830: 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 6d61 6e2f 6d61 usr/share/man/ma\n-0005a840: 6e31 2f65 6469 746f 722e 312e 677a e280 n1/editor.1.gz..\n-0005a850: 9920 6f72 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 . or..../usr/sha\n-0005a860: 7265 2f6d 616e 2f6d 616e 312f 7061 6765 re/man/man1/page\n-0005a870: 722e 312e 677a e280 9920 706f 696e 7469 r.1.gz... pointi\n-0005a880: 6e67 2074 6f20 7468 6520 636f 7272 6573 ng to the corres\n-0005a890: 706f 6e64 696e 6720 6d61 6e75 616c 0a70 ponding manual.p\n-0005a8a0: 6167 652e 0a0a 4966 2069 7420 6973 2076 age...If it is v\n-0005a8b0: 6572 7920 6861 7264 2074 6f20 6164 6170 ery hard to adap\n-0005a8c0: 7420 6120 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 746f 206d t a program to m\n-0005a8d0: 616b 6520 7573 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2045 ake use of the E\n-0005a8e0: 4449 544f 5220 6f72 2050 4147 4552 0a76 DITOR or PAGER.v\n-0005a8f0: 6172 6961 626c 6573 2c20 7468 6174 2070 ariables, that p\n-0005a900: 726f 6772 616d 206d 6179 2062 6520 636f rogram may be co\n-0005a910: 6e66 6967 7572 6564 2074 6f20 7573 650a nfigured to use.\n-0005a920: e280 982f 7573 722f 6269 6e2f 7365 6e73 .../usr/bin/sens\n-0005a930: 6962 6c65 2d65 6469 746f 72e2 8099 2061 ible-editor... a\n-0005a940: 6e64 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f62 696e 2f73 nd .../usr/bin/s\n-0005a950: 656e 7369 626c 652d 7061 6765 72e2 8099 ensible-pager...\n-0005a960: 2061 7320 7468 6520 6564 6974 6f72 0a6f as the editor.o\n-0005a970: 7220 7061 6765 7220 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 r pager program \n-0005a980: 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2e20 2054 respectively. T\n-0005a990: 6865 7365 2061 7265 2074 776f 2073 6372 hese are two scr\n-0005a9a0: 6970 7473 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 696e ipts provided in\n-0005a9b0: 2074 6865 0a73 656e 7369 626c 652d 7574 the.sensible-ut\n-0005a9c0: 696c 7320 7061 636b 6167 6520 7468 6174 ils package that\n-0005a9d0: 2063 6865 636b 2074 6865 2045 4449 544f check the EDITO\n-0005a9e0: 5220 616e 6420 5041 4745 5220 7661 7269 R and PAGER vari\n-0005a9f0: 6162 6c65 7320 616e 640a 6c61 756e 6368 ables and.launch\n-0005aa00: 2074 6865 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 the appropriate\n-0005aa10: 2070 726f 6772 616d 2c20 616e 6420 6661 program, and fa\n-0005aa20: 6c6c 2062 6163 6b20 746f 20e2 8098 2f75 ll back to .../u\n-0005aa30: 7372 2f62 696e 2f65 6469 746f 72e2 8099 sr/bin/editor...\n-0005aa40: 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f62 696e and..../usr/bin\n-0005aa50: 2f70 6167 6572 e280 9920 6966 2074 6865 /pager... if the\n-0005aa60: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 6973 206e 6f74 variable is not\n-0005aa70: 2073 6574 2e0a 0a41 2070 726f 6772 616d set...A program\n-0005aa80: 206d 6179 2061 6c73 6f20 7573 6520 7468 may also use th\n-0005aa90: 6520 5649 5355 414c 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e e VISUAL environ\n-0005aaa0: 6d65 6e74 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 746f ment variable to\n-0005aab0: 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 2074 6865 0a75 determine the.u\n-0005aac0: 7365 72e2 8099 7320 6368 6f69 6365 206f ser...s choice o\n-0005aad0: 6620 6564 6974 6f72 2e20 2049 6620 6974 f editor. If it\n-0005aae0: 2065 7869 7374 732c 2069 7420 7368 6f75 exists, it shou\n-0005aaf0: 6c64 2074 616b 6520 7072 6563 6564 656e ld take preceden\n-0005ab00: 6365 206f 7665 720a 4544 4954 4f52 2e20 ce over.EDITOR. \n-0005ab10: 5468 6973 2069 7320 696e 2066 6163 7420 This is in fact \n-0005ab20: 7768 6174 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f62 696e what .../usr/bin\n-0005ab30: 2f73 656e 7369 626c 652d 6564 6974 6f72 /sensible-editor\n-0005ab40: e280 9920 646f 6573 2e0a 0a49 7420 6973 ... does...It is\n-0005ab50: 206e 6f74 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 666f not required fo\n-0005ab60: 7220 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f 2064 r a package to d\n-0005ab70: 6570 656e 6420 6f6e 20e2 8098 6564 6974 epend on ...edit\n-0005ab80: 6f72 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 9870 6167 or... and ...pag\n-0005ab90: 6572 e280 992c 206e 6f72 0a69 7320 6974 er..., nor.is it\n-0005aba0: 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 666f 7220 6120 required for a \n-0005abb0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f 2070 726f 7669 package to provi\n-0005abc0: 6465 2073 7563 6820 7669 7274 7561 6c20 de such virtual \n-0005abd0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e20 2028 3129 0a0a packages. 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(Delete\n-0005aee0: 6429 0a0a 2020 332e 2041 6363 6573 7320 d).. 3. Access \n-0005aef0: 746f 2069 6d61 6765 730a 0a20 2020 2020 to images.. \n-0005af00: 496d 6167 6573 2066 6f72 2061 2070 6163 Images for a pac\n-0005af10: 6b61 6765 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2073 kage should be s\n-0005af20: 746f 7265 6420 696e 0a20 2020 2020 e280 tored in. ..\n-0005af30: 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 696d 6167 ./usr/share/imag\n-0005af40: 6573 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9920 616e es/package... an\n-0005af50: 6420 7265 6665 7272 6564 2074 6f20 7468 d referred to th\n-0005af60: 726f 7567 6820 616e 2061 6c69 6173 0a20 rough an alias. \n-0005af70: 2020 2020 e280 982f 696d 6167 6573 2fe2 .../images/.\n-0005af80: 8099 2061 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 .. as:.. \n-0005af90: 2020 6874 7470 3a2f 2f6c 6f63 616c 686f http://localho\n-0005afa0: 7374 2f69 6d61 6765 732f 7061 636b 6167 st/images/packag\n-0005afb0: 652f 6669 6c65 6e61 6d65 0a0a 2020 342e e/filename.. 4.\n-0005afc0: 2057 6562 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7420 526f Web Document Ro\n-0005afd0: 6f74 0a0a 2020 2020 2057 6562 2041 7070 ot.. Web App\n-0005afe0: 6c69 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 lications should\n-0005aff0: 2074 7279 2074 6f20 6176 6f69 6420 7374 try to avoid st\n-0005b000: 6f72 696e 6720 6669 6c65 7320 696e 2074 oring files in t\n-0005b010: 6865 2057 6562 0a20 2020 2020 446f 6375 he Web. Docu\n-0005b020: 6d65 6e74 2052 6f6f 742e 2020 496e 7374 ment Root. Inst\n-0005b030: 6561 6420 7468 6579 2073 686f 756c 6420 ead they should \n-0005b040: 7573 6520 7468 6520 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 use the /usr/sha\n-0005b050: 7265 2f64 6f63 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 0a20 re/doc/package. \n-0005b060: 2020 2020 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 666f directory fo\n-0005b070: 7220 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 732e 2020 4966 r documents. If\n-0005b080: 2061 6363 6573 7320 746f 2074 6865 2077 access to the w\n-0005b090: 6562 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 726f 6f74 eb document root\n-0005b0a0: 2069 730a 2020 2020 2075 6e61 766f 6964 is. unavoid\n-0005b0b0: 6162 6c65 2074 6865 6e20 7573 650a 0a20 able then use.. \n-0005b0c0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 202f 7661 722f 7777 /var/ww\n-0005b0d0: 772f 6874 6d6c 0a0a 2020 2020 2061 7320 w/html.. as \n-0005b0e0: 7468 6520 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 2052 6f6f the Document Roo\n-0005b0f0: 742e 2020 5468 6973 206d 6967 6874 2062 t. This might b\n-0005b100: 6520 6a75 7374 2061 2073 796d 626f 6c69 e just a symboli\n-0005b110: 6320 6c69 6e6b 2074 6f20 7468 650a 2020 c link to the. \n-0005b120: 2020 206c 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 7768 6572 location wher\n-0005b130: 6520 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 2061 646d e the system adm\n-0005b140: 696e 6973 7472 6174 6f72 2068 6173 2070 inistrator has p\n-0005b150: 7574 2074 6865 2072 6561 6c20 646f 6375 ut the real docu\n-0005b160: 6d65 6e74 0a20 2020 2020 726f 6f74 2e0a ment. root..\n-0005b170: 0a20 2035 2e20 5072 6f76 6964 696e 6720 . 5. Providing \n-0005b180: 6874 7470 6420 616e 642f 6f72 2068 7474 httpd and/or htt\n-0005b190: 7064 2d63 6769 0a0a 2020 2020 2041 6c6c pd-cgi.. All\n-0005b1a0: 2077 6562 2073 6572 7665 7273 2073 686f web servers sho\n-0005b1b0: 756c 6420 7072 6f76 6964 6520 7468 6520 uld provide the \n-0005b1c0: 7669 7274 7561 6c20 7061 636b 6167 6520 virtual package \n-0005b1d0: e280 9868 7474 7064 e280 992e 2020 4966 ...httpd.... If\n-0005b1e0: 2061 0a20 2020 2020 7765 6220 7365 7276 a. web serv\n-0005b1f0: 6572 2068 6173 2043 4749 2073 7570 706f er has CGI suppo\n-0005b200: 7274 2069 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 2070 726f rt it should pro\n-0005b210: 7669 6465 20e2 8098 6874 7470 642d 6367 vide ...httpd-cg\n-0005b220: 69e2 8099 0a20 2020 2020 6164 6469 7469 i.... additi\n-0005b230: 6f6e 616c 6c79 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 416c onally... Al\n-0005b240: 6c20 7765 6220 6170 706c 6963 6174 696f l web applicatio\n-0005b250: 6e73 2077 6869 6368 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 ns which do not \n-0005b260: 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 4347 4920 7363 7269 contain CGI scri\n-0005b270: 7074 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2064 6570 656e pts should depen\n-0005b280: 640a 2020 2020 206f 6e20 e280 9868 7474 d. on ...htt\n-0005b290: 7064 e280 992c 2061 6c6c 2074 686f 7365 pd..., all those\n-0005b2a0: 2077 6562 2061 7070 6c69 6361 7469 6f6e web application\n-0005b2b0: 7320 7768 6963 6820 e280 9864 6fe2 8099 s which ...do...\n-0005b2c0: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 2043 4749 0a20 2020 contain CGI. \n-0005b2d0: 2020 7363 7269 7074 732c 2073 686f 756c scripts, shoul\n-0005b2e0: 6420 6465 7065 6e64 206f 6e20 e280 9868 d depend on ...h\n-0005b2f0: 7474 7064 2d63 6769 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a ttpd-cgi........\n-0005b300: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-0005b310: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-0005b320: 204d 6169 6c20 7472 616e 7370 6f72 7420 Mail transport \n-0005b330: 6465 6c69 7665 7279 2061 6e64 2075 7365 delivery and use\n-0005b340: 7220 6167 656e 7473 2c20 204e 6578 743a r agents, Next:\n-0005b350: 204e 6577 7320 7379 7374 656d 2063 6f6e News system con\n-0005b360: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2c20 2050 7265 figuration, Pre\n-0005b370: 763a 2057 6562 2073 6572 7665 7273 2061 v: Web servers a\n-0005b380: 6e64 2061 7070 6c69 6361 7469 6f6e 732c nd applications,\n-0005b390: 2020 5570 3a20 4375 7374 6f6d 697a 6564 Up: Customized\n-0005b3a0: 2070 726f 6772 616d 730a 0a31 302e 3620 programs..10.6 \n-0005b3b0: 4d61 696c 2074 7261 6e73 706f 7274 2c20 Mail transport, \n-0005b3c0: 6465 6c69 7665 7279 2061 6e64 2075 7365 delivery and use\n-0005b3d0: 7220 6167 656e 7473 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d r agents.=======\n-0005b3e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0005b3f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-0005b400: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 4465 6269 616e 2070 ======..Debian p\n-0005b410: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7768 6963 6820 7072 ackages which pr\n-0005b420: 6f63 6573 7320 656c 6563 7472 6f6e 6963 ocess electronic\n-0005b430: 206d 6169 6c2c 2077 6865 7468 6572 206d mail, whether m\n-0005b440: 6169 6c20 7573 6572 2061 6765 6e74 730a ail user agents.\n-0005b450: 284d 5541 7329 206f 7220 6d61 696c 2074 (MUAs) or mail t\n-0005b460: 7261 6e73 706f 7274 2061 6765 6e74 7320 ransport agents \n-0005b470: 284d 5441 7329 2c20 6d75 7374 2065 6e73 (MTAs), must ens\n-0005b480: 7572 6520 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 6172 ure that they ar\n-0005b490: 650a 636f 6d70 6174 6962 6c65 2077 6974 e.compatible wit\n-0005b4a0: 6820 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 h the configurat\n-0005b4b0: 696f 6e20 6465 6369 7369 6f6e 7320 6265 ion decisions be\n-0005b4c0: 6c6f 772e 2020 4661 696c 7572 6520 746f low. Failure to\n-0005b4d0: 2064 6f20 7468 6973 0a6d 6179 2072 6573 do this.may res\n-0005b4e0: 756c 7420 696e 206c 6f73 7420 6d61 696c ult in lost mail\n-0005b4f0: 2c20 6272 6f6b 656e 20e2 8098 4672 6f6d , broken ...From\n-0005b500: 3ae2 8099 206c 696e 6573 2c20 616e 6420 :... lines, and \n-0005b510: 6f74 6865 7220 7365 7269 6f75 7320 6272 other serious br\n-0005b520: 6169 6e0a 6461 6d61 6765 210a 0a54 6865 ain.damage!..The\n-0005b530: 206d 6169 6c20 7370 6f6f 6c20 6973 20e2 mail spool is .\n-0005b540: 8098 2f76 6172 2f6d 6169 6ce2 8099 2061 ../var/mail... a\n-0005b550: 6e64 2074 6865 2069 6e74 6572 6661 6365 nd the interface\n-0005b560: 2074 6f20 7365 6e64 2061 206d 6169 6c20 to send a mail \n-0005b570: 6d65 7373 6167 650a 6973 20e2 8098 2f75 message.is .../u\n-0005b580: 7372 2f73 6269 6e2f 7365 6e64 6d61 696c sr/sbin/sendmail\n-0005b590: e280 9920 2861 7320 7065 7220 7468 6520 ... (as per the \n-0005b5a0: 4648 5329 2e20 4f6e 206f 6c64 6572 2073 FHS). On older s\n-0005b5b0: 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 7468 6520 6d61 696c ystems, the mail\n-0005b5c0: 0a73 706f 6f6c 206d 6179 2062 6520 7068 .spool may be ph\n-0005b5d0: 7973 6963 616c 6c79 206c 6f63 6174 6564 ysically located\n-0005b5e0: 2069 6e20 e280 982f 7661 722f 7370 6f6f in .../var/spoo\n-0005b5f0: 6c2f 6d61 696c e280 992c 2062 7574 2061 l/mail..., but a\n-0005b600: 6c6c 2061 6363 6573 7320 746f 0a74 6865 ll access to.the\n-0005b610: 206d 6169 6c20 7370 6f6f 6c20 7368 6f75 mail spool shou\n-0005b620: 6c64 2062 6520 7669 6120 7468 6520 e280 ld be via the ..\n-0005b630: 982f 7661 722f 6d61 696c e280 9920 7379 ./var/mail... sy\n-0005b640: 6d6c 696e 6b2e 2020 5468 6520 6d61 696c mlink. The mail\n-0005b650: 2073 706f 6f6c 2069 730a 7061 7274 206f spool is.part o\n-0005b660: 6620 7468 6520 6261 7365 2073 7973 7465 f the base syste\n-0005b670: 6d20 616e 6420 6e6f 7420 7061 7274 206f m and not part o\n-0005b680: 6620 7468 6520 4d54 4120 7061 636b 6167 f the MTA packag\n-0005b690: 652e 0a0a 416c 6c20 4465 6269 616e 204d e...All Debian M\n-0005b6a0: 5541 732c 204d 5441 732c 204d 4441 7320 UAs, MTAs, MDAs \n-0005b6b0: 616e 6420 6f74 6865 7220 6d61 696c 626f and other mailbo\n-0005b6c0: 7820 6163 6365 7373 696e 6720 7072 6f67 x accessing prog\n-0005b6d0: 7261 6d73 2028 7375 6368 0a61 7320 494d rams (such.as IM\n-0005b6e0: 4150 2064 6165 6d6f 6e73 2920 6d75 7374 AP daemons) must\n-0005b6f0: 206c 6f63 6b20 7468 6520 6d61 696c 626f lock the mailbo\n-0005b700: 7820 696e 2061 6e20 4e46 532d 7361 6665 x in an NFS-safe\n-0005b710: 2077 6179 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d65 616e way. This mean\n-0005b720: 730a 7468 6174 20e2 8098 6663 6e74 6c28 s.that ...fcntl(\n-0005b730: 29e2 8099 206c 6f63 6b69 6e67 206d 7573 )... locking mus\n-0005b740: 7420 6265 2063 6f6d 6269 6e65 6420 7769 t be combined wi\n-0005b750: 7468 2064 6f74 206c 6f63 6b69 6e67 2e20 th dot locking. \n-0005b760: 2054 6f20 6176 6f69 640a 6465 6164 6c6f To avoid.deadlo\n-0005b770: 636b 732c 2061 2070 726f 6772 616d 2073 cks, a program s\n-0005b780: 686f 756c 6420 7573 6520 e280 9866 636e hould use ...fcn\n-0005b790: 746c 2829 e280 9920 6669 7273 7420 616e tl()... first an\n-0005b7a0: 6420 646f 7420 6c6f 636b 696e 6720 6166 d dot locking af\n-0005b7b0: 7465 720a 7468 6973 2c20 6f72 2061 6c74 ter.this, or alt\n-0005b7c0: 6572 6e61 7469 7665 6c79 2069 6d70 6c65 ernatively imple\n-0005b7d0: 6d65 6e74 2074 6865 2074 776f 206c 6f63 ment the two loc\n-0005b7e0: 6b69 6e67 206d 6574 686f 6473 2069 6e20 king methods in \n-0005b7f0: 6120 6e6f 6e0a 626c 6f63 6b69 6e67 2077 a non.blocking w\n-0005b800: 6179 2e20 2028 3129 2020 5573 696e 6720 ay. (1) Using \n-0005b810: 7468 6520 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 7320 e280 the functions ..\n-0005b820: 986d 6169 6c6c 6f63 6be2 8099 2061 6e64 .maillock... and\n-0005b830: 20e2 8098 6d61 696c 756e 6c6f 636b e280 ...mailunlock..\n-0005b840: 990a 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 7920 7468 ..provided by th\n-0005b850: 6520 e280 986c 6962 6c6f 636b 6669 6c65 e ...liblockfile\n-0005b860: 2ae2 8099 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6973 *... packages is\n-0005b870: 2074 6865 2072 6563 6f6d 6d65 6e64 6564 the recommended\n-0005b880: 2077 6179 2074 6f0a 6163 636f 6d70 6c69 way to.accompli\n-0005b890: 7368 2074 6869 732e 0a0a 4d61 696c 626f sh this...Mailbo\n-0005b8a0: 7865 7320 6172 6520 6765 6e65 7261 6c6c xes are generall\n-0005b8b0: 7920 6569 7468 6572 206d 6f64 6520 3630 y either mode 60\n-0005b8c0: 3020 616e 6420 6f77 6e65 6420 6279 2075 0 and owned by u\n-0005b8d0: 7365 7220 6f72 206d 6f64 6520 3636 300a ser or mode 660.\n-0005b8e0: 616e 6420 6f77 6e65 6420 6279 20e2 8098 and owned by ...\n-0005b8f0: 7573 6572 3a6d 6169 6ce2 8099 2e20 2028 user:mail.... (\n-0005b900: 3229 2020 5468 6520 6c6f 6361 6c20 7379 2) The local sy\n-0005b910: 7374 656d 2061 646d 696e 6973 7472 6174 stem administrat\n-0005b920: 6f72 206d 6179 0a63 686f 6f73 6520 6120 or may.choose a \n-0005b930: 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 7065 726d 6973 different permis\n-0005b940: 7369 6f6e 2073 6368 656d 653b 2070 6163 sion scheme; pac\n-0005b950: 6b61 6765 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 kages should not\n-0005b960: 206d 616b 650a 6173 7375 6d70 7469 6f6e make.assumption\n-0005b970: 7320 6162 6f75 7420 7468 6520 7065 726d s about the perm\n-0005b980: 6973 7369 6f6e 2061 6e64 206f 776e 6572 ission and owner\n-0005b990: 7368 6970 206f 6620 6d61 696c 626f 7865 ship of mailboxe\n-0005b9a0: 7320 756e 6c65 7373 0a72 6571 7569 7265 s unless.require\n-0005b9b0: 6420 2873 7563 6820 6173 2077 6865 6e20 d (such as when \n-0005b9c0: 6372 6561 7469 6e67 2061 206e 6577 206d creating a new m\n-0005b9d0: 6169 6c62 6f78 292e 2020 4120 4d55 4120 ailbox). A MUA \n-0005b9e0: 6d61 7920 7265 6d6f 7665 2061 0a6d 6169 may remove a.mai\n-0005b9f0: 6c62 6f78 2028 756e 6c65 7373 2069 7420 lbox (unless it \n-0005ba00: 6861 7320 6e6f 6e73 7461 6e64 6172 6420 has nonstandard \n-0005ba10: 7065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 7329 2069 6e20 permissions) in \n-0005ba20: 7768 6963 6820 6361 7365 2074 6865 204d which case the M\n-0005ba30: 5441 206f 720a 616e 6f74 6865 7220 4d55 TA or.another MU\n-0005ba40: 4120 6d75 7374 2072 6563 7265 6174 6520 A must recreate \n-0005ba50: 6974 2069 6620 6e65 6564 6564 2e0a 0a54 it if needed...T\n-0005ba60: 6865 206d 6169 6c20 7370 6f6f 6c20 6973 he mail spool is\n-0005ba70: 2032 3737 3520 e280 9872 6f6f 743a 6d61 2775 ...root:ma\n-0005ba80: 696c e280 992c 2061 6e64 204d 5541 7320 il..., and MUAs \n-0005ba90: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7365 7467 6964 should be setgid\n-0005baa0: 206d 6169 6c20 746f 2064 6f0a 7468 6520 mail to do.the \n-0005bab0: 6c6f 636b 696e 6720 6d65 6e74 696f 6e65 locking mentione\n-0005bac0: 6420 6162 6f76 6520 2861 6e64 206d 7573 d above (and mus\n-0005bad0: 7420 6f62 7669 6f75 736c 7920 6176 6f69 t obviously avoi\n-0005bae0: 6420 6163 6365 7373 696e 6720 6f74 6865 d accessing othe\n-0005baf0: 720a 7573 6572 73e2 8099 206d 6169 6c62 r.users... mailb\n-0005bb00: 6f78 6573 2075 7369 6e67 2074 6869 7320 oxes using this \n-0005bb10: 7072 6976 696c 6567 6529 2e0a 0ae2 8098 privilege)......\n-0005bb20: 2f65 7463 2f61 6c69 6173 6573 e280 9920 /etc/aliases... \n-0005bb30: 6973 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 6669 is the source fi\n-0005bb40: 6c65 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 le for the syste\n-0005bb50: 6d20 6d61 696c 2061 6c69 6173 6573 2028 m mail aliases (\n-0005bb60: 652e 672e 2c0a 706f 7374 6d61 7374 6572 e.g.,.postmaster\n-0005bb70: 2c20 7573 656e 6574 2c20 6574 632e 292c , usenet, etc.),\n-0005bb80: 2069 7420 6973 2074 6865 206f 6e65 2077 it is the one w\n-0005bb90: 6869 6368 2074 6865 2073 7973 6164 6d69 hich the sysadmi\n-0005bba0: 6e20 616e 640a e280 9870 6f73 7469 6e73 n and....postins\n-0005bbb0: 74e2 8099 2073 6372 6970 7473 206d 6179 t... scripts may\n-0005bbc0: 2065 6469 742e 2020 4166 7465 7220 e280 edit. After ..\n-0005bbd0: 982f 6574 632f 616c 6961 7365 73e2 8099 ./etc/aliases...\n-0005bbe0: 2069 7320 6564 6974 6564 2074 6865 2070 is edited the p\n-0005bbf0: 726f 6772 616d 0a6f 7220 6875 6d61 6e20 rogram.or human \n-0005bc00: 6564 6974 696e 6720 6974 206d 7573 7420 editing it must \n-0005bc10: 6361 6c6c 20e2 8098 6e65 7761 6c69 6173 call ...newalias\n-0005bc20: 6573 e280 992e 2020 416c 6c20 4d54 4120 es.... 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Note that \n-0005bcf0: 6265 6361 7573 6520 6f66 2074 6869 732c because of this,\n-0005bd00: 2061 6c6c 204d 5441 2070 6163 6b61 6765 all MTA package\n-0005bd10: 7320 6d75 7374 2068 6176 650a e280 9850 s must have....P\n-0005bd20: 726f 7669 6465 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 9843 rovides..., ...C\n-0005bd30: 6f6e 666c 6963 7473 e280 9920 616e 6420 onflicts... and \n-0005bd40: e280 9852 6570 6c61 6365 733a 206d 6169 ...Replaces: mai\n-0005bd50: 6c2d 7472 616e 7370 6f72 742d 6167 656e l-transport-agen\n-0005bd60: 74e2 8099 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 0a66 6965 t... control.fie\n-0005bd70: 6c64 732e 0a0a 5468 6520 636f 6e76 656e lds...The conven\n-0005bd80: 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 7772 6974 696e 6720 tion of writing \n-0005bd90: e280 9866 6f72 7761 7264 2074 6f20 6164 ...forward to ad\n-0005bda0: 6472 6573 73e2 8099 2069 6e20 7468 6520 dress... in the \n-0005bdb0: 6d61 696c 626f 7820 6974 7365 6c66 2069 mailbox itself i\n-0005bdc0: 730a 6e6f 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7465 642e s.not supported.\n-0005bdd0: 2020 5573 6520 6120 e280 982e 666f 7277 Use a ....forw\n-0005bde0: 6172 64e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 696e 7374 ard... file inst\n-0005bdf0: 6561 642e 0a0a 5468 6520 e280 9872 6d61 ead...The ...rma\n-0005be00: 696c e280 9920 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 7573 il... program us\n-0005be10: 6564 2062 7920 5555 4350 2066 6f72 2069 ed by UUCP for i\n-0005be20: 6e63 6f6d 696e 6720 6d61 696c 2073 686f ncoming mail sho\n-0005be30: 756c 6420 6265 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 uld be..../usr/s\n-0005be40: 6269 6e2f 726d 6169 6ce2 8099 2e20 204c bin/rmail.... L\n-0005be50: 696b 6577 6973 652c 20e2 8098 7273 6d74 ikewise, ...rsmt\n-0005be60: 70e2 8099 2c20 666f 7220 7265 6365 6976 p..., for receiv\n-0005be70: 696e 670a 6261 7463 682d 534d 5450 2d6f ing.batch-SMTP-o\n-0005be80: 7665 722d 5555 4350 2c20 7368 6f75 6c64 ver-UUCP, should\n-0005be90: 2062 6520 e280 982f 7573 722f 7362 696e be .../usr/sbin\n-0005bea0: 2f72 736d 7470 e280 9920 6966 2069 7420 /rsmtp... if it \n-0005beb0: 6973 2073 7570 706f 7274 6564 2e0a 0a49 is supported...I\n-0005bec0: 6620 796f 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206e f your package n\n-0005bed0: 6565 6473 2074 6f20 6b6e 6f77 2077 6861 eeds to know wha\n-0005bee0: 7420 686f 7374 6e61 6d65 2074 6f20 7573 t hostname to us\n-0005bef0: 6520 6f6e 2028 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c e on (for exampl\n-0005bf00: 6529 0a6f 7574 676f 696e 6720 6e65 7773 e).outgoing news\n-0005bf10: 2061 6e64 206d 6169 6c20 6d65 7373 6167 and mail messag\n-0005bf20: 6573 2077 6869 6368 2061 7265 2067 656e es which are gen\n-0005bf30: 6572 6174 6564 206c 6f63 616c 6c79 2c20 erated locally, \n-0005bf40: 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 0a75 7365 2074 you should.use t\n-0005bf50: 6865 2066 696c 6520 e280 982f 6574 632f he file .../etc/\n-0005bf60: 6d61 696c 6e61 6d65 e280 992e 2020 4974 mailname.... It\n-0005bf70: 2077 696c 6c20 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 7468 will contain th\n-0005bf80: 6520 706f 7274 696f 6e20 6166 7465 7220 e portion after \n-0005bf90: 7468 650a 7573 6572 6e61 6d65 2061 6e64 the.username and\n-0005bfa0: 20e2 8098 40e2 8099 2028 6174 2920 7369 ...@... (at) si\n-0005bfb0: 676e 2066 6f72 2065 6d61 696c 2061 6464 gn for email add\n-0005bfc0: 7265 7373 6573 206f 6620 7573 6572 7320 resses of users \n-0005bfd0: 6f6e 2074 6865 206d 6163 6869 6e65 0a28 on the machine.(\n-0005bfe0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2062 7920 6120 6e65 followed by a ne\n-0005bff0: 776c 696e 6529 2e0a 0a53 7563 6820 6120 wline)...Such a \n-0005c000: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2063 package should c\n-0005c010: 6865 636b 2066 6f72 2074 6865 2065 7869 heck for the exi\n-0005c020: 7374 656e 6365 206f 6620 7468 6973 2066 stence of this f\n-0005c030: 696c 6520 7768 656e 2069 7420 6973 0a62 ile when it is.b\n-0005c040: 6569 6e67 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 642e eing configured.\n-0005c050: 2020 4966 2069 7420 6578 6973 7473 2c20 If it exists, \n-0005c060: 6974 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2075 7365 it should be use\n-0005c070: 6420 7769 7468 6f75 7420 636f 6d6d 656e d without commen\n-0005c080: 742c 0a61 6c74 686f 7567 6820 616e 204d t,.although an M\n-0005c090: 5441 e280 9973 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 TA...s configura\n-0005c0a0: 7469 6f6e 2073 6372 6970 7420 6d61 7920 tion script may \n-0005c0b0: 7769 7368 2074 6f20 7072 6f6d 7074 2074 wish to prompt t\n-0005c0c0: 6865 2075 7365 7220 6576 656e 0a69 6620 he user even.if \n-0005c0d0: 6974 2066 696e 6473 2074 6861 7420 7468 it finds that th\n-0005c0e0: 6973 2066 696c 6520 6578 6973 7473 2e20 is file exists. \n-0005c0f0: 2049 6620 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2064 6f65 If the file doe\n-0005c100: 7320 6e6f 7420 6578 6973 742c 2074 6865 s not exist, the\n-0005c110: 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2073 686f 756c 6420 .package should \n-0005c120: 7072 6f6d 7074 2074 6865 2075 7365 7220 prompt the user \n-0005c130: 666f 7220 7468 6520 7661 6c75 6520 2870 for the value (p\n-0005c140: 7265 6665 7261 626c 7920 7573 696e 670a referably using.\n-0005c150: e280 9864 6562 636f 6e66 e280 9929 2061 ...debconf...) a\n-0005c160: 6e64 2073 746f 7265 2069 7420 696e 20e2 nd store it in .\n-0005c170: 8098 2f65 7463 2f6d 6169 6c6e 616d 65e2 ../etc/mailname.\n-0005c180: 8099 2061 7320 7765 6c6c 2061 7320 7573 .. as well as us\n-0005c190: 696e 6720 6974 2069 6e20 7468 650a 7061 ing it in the.pa\n-0005c1a0: 636b 6167 65e2 8099 7320 636f 6e66 6967 ckage...s config\n-0005c1b0: 7572 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 6520 7072 uration. The pr\n-0005c1c0: 6f6d 7074 2073 686f 756c 6420 6d61 6b65 ompt should make\n-0005c1d0: 2069 7420 636c 6561 7220 7468 6174 2074 it clear that t\n-0005c1e0: 6865 206e 616d 650a 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 he name.will not\n-0005c1f0: 206a 7573 7420 6265 2075 7365 6420 6279 just be used by\n-0005c200: 2074 6861 7420 7061 636b 6167 652e 2020 that package. \n-0005c210: 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2069 6e20 For example, in \n-0005c220: 7468 6973 2073 6974 7561 7469 6f6e 0a74 this situation.t\n-0005c230: 6865 20e2 8098 696e 6ee2 8099 2070 6163 he ...inn... pac\n-0005c240: 6b61 6765 2063 6f75 6c64 2073 6179 2073 kage could say s\n-0005c250: 6f6d 6574 6869 6e67 206c 696b 653a 0a0a omething like:..\n-0005c260: 2020 2020 2050 6c65 6173 6520 656e 7465 Please ente\n-0005c270: 7220 7468 6520 226d 6169 6c20 6e61 6d65 r the \"mail name\n-0005c280: 2220 6f66 2079 6f75 7220 7379 7374 656d \" of your system\n-0005c290: 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6973 2074 6865 2068 . This is the h\n-0005c2a0: 6f73 746e 616d 6520 706f 7274 696f 6e0a ostname portion.\n-0005c2b0: 2020 2020 206f 6620 7468 6520 6164 6472 of the addr\n-0005c2c0: 6573 7320 746f 2062 6520 7368 6f77 6e20 ess to be shown \n-0005c2d0: 6f6e 206f 7574 676f 696e 6720 6e65 7773 on outgoing news\n-0005c2e0: 2061 6e64 206d 6169 6c20 6d65 7373 6167 and mail messag\n-0005c2f0: 6573 2e20 2054 6865 0a20 2020 2020 6465 es. The. de\n-0005c300: 6661 756c 7420 6973 2073 7973 686f 7374 fault is syshost\n-0005c310: 6e61 6d65 2c20 796f 7572 2073 7973 7465 name, your syste\n-0005c320: 6d27 7320 686f 7374 206e 616d 652e 0a0a m's host name...\n-0005c330: 2020 2020 204d 6169 6c20 6e61 6d65 205b Mail name [\n-0005c340: 2273 7973 686f 7374 6e61 6d65 225d 3a0a \"syshostname\"]:.\n-0005c350: 0a77 6865 7265 2073 7973 686f 7374 6e61 .where syshostna\n-0005c360: 6d65 2069 7320 7468 6520 6f75 7470 7574 me is the output\n-0005c370: 206f 6620 e280 9868 6f73 746e 616d 6520 of ...hostname \n-0005c380: 2d2d 6671 646e e280 992e 0a0a 2020 202d --fqdn...... -\n-0005c390: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f --------- Footno\n-0005c3a0: 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a tes ----------..\n-0005c3b0: 2020 2028 3129 2049 6620 6974 2069 7320 (1) If it is \n-0005c3c0: 6e6f 7420 706f 7373 6962 6c65 2074 6f20 not possible to \n-0005c3d0: 6573 7461 626c 6973 6820 626f 7468 206c establish both l\n-0005c3e0: 6f63 6b73 2c20 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d ocks, the system\n-0005c3f0: 0a73 686f 756c 646e e280 9974 2077 6169 .shouldn...t wai\n-0005c400: 7420 666f 7220 7468 6520 7365 636f 6e64 t for the second\n-0005c410: 206c 6f63 6b20 746f 2062 6520 6573 7461 lock to be esta\n-0005c420: 626c 6973 6865 642c 2062 7574 2072 656d blished, but rem\n-0005c430: 6f76 6520 7468 650a 6669 7273 7420 6c6f ove the.first lo\n-0005c440: 636b 2c20 7761 6974 2061 2028 7261 6e64 ck, wait a (rand\n-0005c450: 6f6d 2920 7469 6d65 2c20 616e 6420 7374 om) time, and st\n-0005c460: 6172 7420 6f76 6572 206c 6f63 6b69 6e67 art over locking\n-0005c470: 2061 6761 696e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 again... 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'different\n-0005dd90: 2720 7769 6e64 6f77 206d 616e 6167 6572 ' window manager\n-0005dda0: 2028 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6b69 6c6c 696e (without killin\n-0005ddb0: 6720 7468 6520 5820 7365 7276 6572 2920 g the X server) \n-0005ddc0: 696e 2069 7473 0a20 2020 2020 6465 6661 in its. defa\n-0005ddd0: 756c 7420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f ult configuratio\n-0005dde0: 6e2c 2061 6464 2031 3020 706f 696e 7473 n, add 10 points\n-0005ddf0: 3b20 6f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 6164 6420 ; otherwise add \n-0005de00: 6e6f 6e65 2e0a 0a54 6861 7420 616c 7465 none...That alte\n-0005de10: 726e 6174 6976 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2068 rnative should h\n-0005de20: 6176 6520 6120 736c 6176 6520 616c 7465 ave a slave alte\n-0005de30: 726e 6174 6976 6520 666f 720a e280 982f rnative for..../\n-0005de40: 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 6d61 6e2f 6d61 usr/share/man/ma\n-0005de50: 6e31 2f78 2d77 696e 646f 772d 6d61 6e61 n1/x-window-mana\n-0005de60: 6765 722e 312e 677a e280 9920 706f 696e ger.1.gz... poin\n-0005de70: 7469 6e67 2074 6f20 7468 650a 636f 7272 ting to the.corr\n-0005de80: 6573 706f 6e64 696e 6720 6d61 6e75 616c esponding manual\n-0005de90: 2070 6167 652e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d page... -----\n-0005dea0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n-0005deb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. 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Th\n-0005eea0: 6973 2069 6e76 6f63 6174 696f 6e20 6d75 is invocation mu\n-0005eeb0: 7374 206f 6363 7572 0a20 2020 2020 696e st occur. in\n-0005eec0: 2062 6f74 6820 7468 6520 e280 9870 6f73 both the ...pos\n-0005eed0: 7469 6e73 74e2 8099 2028 666f 7220 616c tinst... (for al\n-0005eee0: 6c20 6172 6775 6d65 6e74 7329 2061 6e64 l arguments) and\n-0005eef0: 20e2 8098 706f 7374 726d e280 9920 2866 ...postrm... (f\n-0005ef00: 6f72 2061 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 6172 6775 or all. argu\n-0005ef10: 6d65 6e74 7320 6578 6365 7074 20e2 8098 ments except ...\n-0005ef20: 7570 6772 6164 65e2 8099 2920 7363 7269 upgrade...) scri\n-0005ef30: 7074 732e 0a0a 2020 3131 2e20 466f 6e74 pts... 11. 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(for\n-0005f030: 2061 6c6c 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 2920 all arguments) \n-0005f040: 616e 6420 e280 9870 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 and ...postrm...\n-0005f050: 2028 666f 7220 616c 6c0a 2020 2020 2061 (for all. a\n-0005f060: 7267 756d 656e 7473 2065 7863 6570 7420 rguments except \n-0005f070: e280 9875 7067 7261 6465 e280 9929 2073 ...upgrade...) s\n-0005f080: 6372 6970 7473 2e0a 0a20 2031 322e 2046 cripts... 12. F\n-0005f090: 6f6e 7420 7061 636b 6167 6573 206d 7573 ont packages mus\n-0005f0a0: 7420 696e 766f 6b65 20e2 8098 7570 6461 t invoke ...upda\n-0005f0b0: 7465 2d66 6f6e 7473 2d64 6972 e280 9920 te-fonts-dir... \n-0005f0c0: 6f6e 2065 6163 6820 6469 7265 6374 6f72 on each director\n-0005f0d0: 790a 2020 2020 2069 6e74 6f20 7768 6963 y. into whic\n-0005f0e0: 6820 7468 6579 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 h they installed\n-0005f0f0: 2066 6f6e 7473 2e20 2054 6869 7320 696e fonts. This in\n-0005f100: 766f 6361 7469 6f6e 206d 7573 7420 6f63 vocation must oc\n-0005f110: 6375 7220 696e 0a20 2020 2020 626f 7468 cur in. both\n-0005f120: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 696e 7374 the ...postinst\n-0005f130: e280 9920 2866 6f72 2061 6c6c 2061 7267 ... (for all arg\n-0005f140: 756d 656e 7473 2920 616e 6420 e280 9870 uments) and ...p\n-0005f150: 6f73 7472 6de2 8099 2028 666f 7220 616c ostrm... (for al\n-0005f160: 6c0a 2020 2020 2061 7267 756d 656e 7473 l. arguments\n-0005f170: 2065 7863 6570 7420 e280 9875 7067 7261 except ...upgra\n-0005f180: 6465 e280 9929 2073 6372 6970 7473 2e0a de...) scripts..\n-0005f190: 0a20 2031 332e 2046 6f6e 7420 7061 636b . 13. Font pack\n-0005f1a0: 6167 6573 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 7072 ages must not pr\n-0005f1b0: 6f76 6964 6520 616c 6961 7320 6e61 6d65 ovide alias name\n-0005f1c0: 7320 666f 7220 7468 6520 666f 6e74 7320 s for the fonts \n-0005f1d0: 7468 6579 0a20 2020 2020 696e 636c 7564 they. includ\n-0005f1e0: 6520 7768 6963 6820 636f 6c6c 6964 6520 e which collide \n-0005f1f0: 7769 7468 2061 6c69 6173 206e 616d 6573 with alias names\n-0005f200: 2061 6c72 6561 6479 2069 6e20 7573 6520 already in use \n-0005f210: 6279 2066 6f6e 7473 0a20 2020 2020 616c by fonts. al\n-0005f220: 7265 6164 7920 7061 636b 6167 6564 2e0a ready packaged..\n-0005f230: 0a20 2031 342e 2046 6f6e 7420 7061 636b . 14. Font pack\n-0005f240: 6167 6573 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 7072 ages must not pr\n-0005f250: 6f76 6964 6520 666f 6e74 7320 7769 7468 ovide fonts with\n-0005f260: 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 584c 4644 2072 the same XLFD r\n-0005f270: 6567 6973 7472 790a 2020 2020 206e 616d egistry. nam\n-0005f280: 6520 6173 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2066 6f6e e as another fon\n-0005f290: 7420 616c 7265 6164 7920 7061 636b 6167 t already packag\n-0005f2a0: 6564 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ed... --------\n-0005f2b0: 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d -- Footnotes ---\n-0005f2c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 -------.. (1) \n-0005f2d0: 466f 7220 7468 6520 7075 7270 6f73 6573 For the purposes\n-0005f2e0: 206f 6620 4465 6269 616e 2050 6f6c 6963 of Debian Polic\n-0005f2f0: 792c 2061 20e2 809c 666f 6e74 2066 6f72 y, a ...font for\n-0005f300: 2074 6865 2058 2057 696e 646f 770a 5379 the X Window.Sy\n-0005f310: 7374 656d e280 9d20 6973 206f 6e65 2077 stem... is one w\n-0005f320: 6869 6368 2069 7320 6163 6365 7373 6564 hich is accessed\n-0005f330: 2076 6961 2058 2070 726f 746f 636f 6c20 via X protocol \n-0005f340: 7265 7175 6573 7473 2e20 2046 6f6e 7473 requests. 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6f67 7261 6d73 0a0a 3130 zed programs..10\n-00060320: 2e31 3120 4761 6d65 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d .11 Games.======\n-00060330: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 2070 6572 6d69 =====..The permi\n-00060340: 7373 696f 6e73 206f 6e20 e280 982f 7661 ssions on .../va\n-00060350: 722f 6761 6d65 73e2 8099 2061 7265 206d r/games... are m\n-00060360: 6f64 6520 3735 352c 206f 776e 6572 20e2 ode 755, owner .\n-00060370: 8098 726f 6f74 e280 9920 616e 6420 6772 ..root... and gr\n-00060380: 6f75 700a e280 9872 6f6f 74e2 8099 2e0a oup....root.....\n-00060390: 0a45 6163 6820 6761 6d65 2064 6563 6964 .Each game decid\n-000603a0: 6573 206f 6e20 6974 7320 6f77 6e20 7365 es on its own se\n-000603b0: 6375 7269 7479 2070 6f6c 6963 792e 0a0a curity policy...\n-000603c0: 4761 6d65 7320 7768 6963 6820 7265 7175 Games which requ\n-000603d0: 6972 6520 7072 6f74 6563 7465 642c 2070 ire protected, p\n-000603e0: 7269 7669 6c65 6765 6420 6163 6365 7373 rivileged access\n-000603f0: 2074 6f20 6869 6768 2d73 636f 7265 2066 to high-score f\n-00060400: 696c 6573 2c0a 7361 7665 6420 6761 6d65 iles,.saved game\n-00060410: 732c 2065 7463 2e2c 206d 6179 2062 6520 s, etc., may be \n-00060420: 6d61 6465 2073 6574 2d27 6772 6f75 7027 made set-'group'\n-00060430: 2d69 6420 286d 6f64 6520 3237 3535 2920 -id (mode 2755) \n-00060440: 616e 6420 6f77 6e65 6420 6279 0ae2 8098 and owned by....\n-00060450: 726f 6f74 3a67 616d 6573 e280 992c 2061 root:games..., a\n-00060460: 6e64 2075 7365 2066 696c 6573 2061 6e64 nd use files and\n-00060470: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 2077 6974 directories wit\n-00060480: 6820 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 7065 h appropriate pe\n-00060490: 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 730a 2837 3730 20e2 rmissions.(770 .\n-000604a0: 8098 726f 6f74 3a67 616d 6573 e280 992c ..root:games...,\n-000604b0: 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 292e 2020 for example). \n-000604c0: 5468 6579 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 6265 They must not be\n-000604d0: 206d 6164 6520 7365 742d 2775 7365 7227 made set-'user'\n-000604e0: 2d69 642c 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(If an a\n-00060510: 7474 6163 6b65 7220 6361 6e20 7375 6276 ttacker can subv\n-00060520: 6572 7420 616e 790a 7365 742d 7573 6572 ert any.set-user\n-00060530: 2d69 6420 6761 6d65 2074 6865 7920 6361 -id game they ca\n-00060540: 6e20 6f76 6572 7772 6974 6520 7468 6520 n overwrite the \n-00060550: 6578 6563 7574 6162 6c65 206f 6620 616e executable of an\n-00060560: 7920 6f74 6865 722c 2063 6175 7369 6e67 y other, causing\n-00060570: 0a6f 7468 6572 2070 6c61 7965 7273 206f .other players o\n-00060580: 6620 7468 6573 6520 6761 6d65 7320 746f f these games to\n-00060590: 2072 756e 2061 2054 726f 6a61 6e20 686f run a Trojan ho\n-000605a0: 7273 6520 7072 6f67 7261 6d2e 2020 5769 rse program. Wi\n-000605b0: 7468 2061 0a73 6574 2d67 726f 7570 2d69 th a.set-group-i\n-000605c0: 6420 6761 6d65 2074 6865 2061 7474 6163 d game the attac\n-000605d0: 6b65 7220 6f6e 6c79 2067 6574 7320 6163 ker only gets ac\n-000605e0: 6365 7373 2074 6f20 6c65 7373 2069 6d70 cess to less imp\n-000605f0: 6f72 7461 6e74 2067 616d 650a 6461 7461 ortant game.data\n-00060600: 2c20 616e 6420 6966 2074 6865 7920 6361 , and if they ca\n-00060610: 6e20 6765 7420 6174 2074 6865 206f 7468 n get at the oth\n-00060620: 6572 2070 6c61 7965 7273 e280 9920 6163 er players... ac\n-00060630: 636f 756e 7473 2061 7420 616c 6c20 6974 counts at all it\n-00060640: 2077 696c 6c0a 7461 6b65 2063 6f6e 7369 will.take consi\n-00060650: 6465 7261 626c 7920 6d6f 7265 2065 6666 derably more eff\n-00060660: 6f72 742e 290a 0a53 6f6d 6520 7061 636b ort.)..Some pack\n-00060670: 6167 6573 2c20 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c ages, for exampl\n-00060680: 6520 736f 6d65 2066 6f72 7475 6e65 2063 e some fortune c\n-00060690: 6f6f 6b69 6520 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 2c20 ookie programs, \n-000606a0: 6172 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6564 0a62 are configured.b\n-000606b0: 7920 7468 6520 7570 7374 7265 616d 2061 y the upstream a\n-000606c0: 7574 686f 7273 2074 6f20 696e 7374 616c uthors to instal\n-000606d0: 6c20 7769 7468 2074 6865 6972 2064 6174 l with their dat\n-000606e0: 6120 6669 6c65 7320 6f72 206f 7468 6572 a files or other\n-000606f0: 2073 7461 7469 630a 696e 666f 726d 6174 static.informat\n-00060700: 696f 6e20 6d61 6465 2075 6e72 6561 6461 ion made unreada\n-00060710: 626c 6520 736f 2074 6861 7420 7468 6579 ble so that they\n-00060720: 2063 616e 206f 6e6c 7920 6265 2061 6363 can only be acc\n-00060730: 6573 7365 6420 7468 726f 7567 680a 7365 essed through.se\n-00060740: 742d 6964 2070 726f 6772 616d 7320 7072 t-id programs pr\n-00060750: 6f76 6964 6564 2e20 2059 6f75 2073 686f ovided. You sho\n-00060760: 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 646f 2074 6869 7320 uld not do this \n-00060770: 696e 2061 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b in a Debian pack\n-00060780: 6167 653a 0a61 6e79 6f6e 6520 6361 6e20 age:.anyone can \n-00060790: 646f 776e 6c6f 6164 2074 6865 20e2 8098 download the ...\n-000607a0: 2e64 6562 e280 9920 6669 6c65 2061 6e64 .deb... file and\n-000607b0: 2072 6561 6420 7468 6520 6461 7461 2066 read the data f\n-000607c0: 726f 6d20 6974 2c20 736f 2074 6865 7265 rom it, so there\n-000607d0: 0a69 7320 6e6f 2070 6f69 6e74 206d 616b .is no point mak\n-000607e0: 696e 6720 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7320 756e ing the files un\n-000607f0: 7265 6164 6162 6c65 2e20 204e 6f74 206d readable. Not m\n-00060800: 616b 696e 6720 7468 6520 6669 6c65 730a aking the files.\n-00060810: 756e 7265 6164 6162 6c65 2061 6c73 6f20 unreadable also \n-00060820: 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2064 means that you d\n-00060830: 6f6e e280 9974 2068 6176 6520 746f 206d on...t have to m\n-00060840: 616b 6520 736f 206d 616e 7920 7072 6f67 ake so many prog\n-00060850: 7261 6d73 0a73 6574 2d69 642c 2077 6869 rams.set-id, whi\n-00060860: 6368 2072 6564 7563 6573 2074 6865 2072 ch reduces the r\n-00060870: 6973 6b20 6f66 2061 2073 6563 7572 6974 isk of a securit\n-00060880: 7920 686f 6c65 2e0a 0a41 7320 6465 7363 y hole...As desc\n-00060890: 7269 6265 6420 696e 2074 6865 2046 4853 ribed in the FHS\n-000608a0: 2c20 6269 6e61 7269 6573 206f 6620 6761 , binaries of ga\n-000608b0: 6d65 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 696e mes should be in\n-000608c0: 7374 616c 6c65 6420 696e 2074 6865 0a64 stalled in the.d\n-000608d0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 irectory .../usr\n-000608e0: 2f67 616d 6573 e280 992e 2020 5468 6973 /games.... This\n-000608f0: 2061 6c73 6f20 6170 706c 6965 7320 746f also applies to\n-00060900: 2067 616d 6573 2074 6861 7420 7573 6520 games that use \n-00060910: 7468 6520 580a 5769 6e64 6f77 2053 7973 the X.Window Sys\n-00060920: 7465 6d2e 2020 4d61 6e75 616c 2070 6167 tem. Manual pag\n-00060930: 6573 2066 6f72 2067 616d 6573 2028 5820 es for games (X \n-00060940: 616e 6420 6e6f 6e2d 5820 6761 6d65 7329 and non-X games)\n-00060950: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 0a69 6e73 7461 should be.insta\n-00060960: 6c6c 6564 2069 6e20 e280 982f 7573 722f lled in .../usr/\n-00060970: 7368 6172 652f 6d61 6e2f 6d61 6e36 e280 share/man/man6..\n-00060980: 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 ......File: debi\n-00060990: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n-000609a0: 204e 6f64 653a 2044 6f63 756d 656e 7461 Node: Documenta\n-000609b0: 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2049 6e74 tion, Next: Int\n-000609c0: 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e20 616e 6420 7363 roduction and sc\n-000609d0: 6f70 6520 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2061 7070 ope of these app\n-000609e0: 656e 6469 6365 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 endices, Prev: \n-000609f0: 4375 7374 6f6d 697a 6564 2070 726f 6772 Customized progr\n-00060a00: 616d 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a 0a31 ams, Up: Top..1\n-00060a10: 3120 446f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e0a 1 Documentation.\n-00060a20: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-00060a30: 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 204d 616e ..* Menu:..* Man\n-00060a40: 7561 6c20 7061 6765 733a 3a0a 2a20 496e ual pages::.* In\n-00060a50: 666f 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7473 3a3a 0a2a fo documents::.*\n-00060a60: 2041 6464 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 646f 6375 Additional docu\n-00060a70: 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e3a 3a0a 2a20 5072 mentation::.* Pr\n-00060a80: 6566 6572 7265 6420 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 eferred document\n-00060a90: 6174 696f 6e20 666f 726d 6174 733a 3a0a ation formats::.\n-00060aa0: 2a20 436f 7079 7269 6768 7420 696e 666f * Copyright info\n-00060ab0: 726d 6174 696f 6e3a 3a0a 2a20 4578 616d rmation::.* Exam\n-00060ac0: 706c 6573 3a3a 0a2a 2043 6861 6e67 656c ples::.* Changel\n-00060ad0: 6f67 2066 696c 6573 2061 6e64 2072 656c og files and rel\n-00060ae0: 6561 7365 206e 6f74 6573 3a3a 0a0a 1f0a ease notes::....\n-00060af0: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n-00060b00: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n-00060b10: 204d 616e 7561 6c20 7061 6765 732c 2020 Manual pages, \n-00060b20: 4e65 7874 3a20 496e 666f 2064 6f63 756d Next: Info docum\n-00060b30: 656e 7473 2c20 2055 703a 2044 6f63 756d ents, Up: Docum\n-00060b40: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 0a0a 3131 2e31 204d entation..11.1 M\n-00060b50: 616e 7561 6c20 7061 6765 730a 3d3d 3d3d anual pages.====\n-00060b60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a59 =============..Y\n-00060b70: 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 696e 7374 616c ou should instal\n-00060b80: 6c20 6d61 6e75 616c 2070 6167 6573 2069 l manual pages i\n-00060b90: 6e20 e280 986e 726f 6666 e280 9920 736f n ...nroff... so\n-00060ba0: 7572 6365 2066 6f72 6d2c 2069 6e20 6170 urce form, in ap\n-00060bb0: 7072 6f70 7269 6174 650a 706c 6163 6573 propriate.places\n-00060bc0: 2075 6e64 6572 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 under .../usr/s\n-00060bd0: 6861 7265 2f6d 616e e280 992e 2020 596f hare/man.... Yo\n-00060be0: 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 206f 6e6c 7920 7573 u should only us\n-00060bf0: 6520 7365 6374 696f 6e73 2031 2074 6f20 e sections 1 to \n-00060c00: 3920 2873 6565 0a74 6865 2046 4853 2066 9 (see.the FHS f\n-00060c10: 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 6465 7461 696c 7329 or more details)\n-00060c20: 2e20 2059 6f75 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 . You must not \n-00060c30: 696e 7374 616c 6c20 6120 7072 652d 666f install a pre-fo\n-00060c40: 726d 6174 7465 6420 e280 9c63 6174 0a70 rmatted ...cat.p\n-00060c50: 6167 65e2 809d 2e0a 0a45 6163 6820 7072 age......Each pr\n-00060c60: 6f67 7261 6d2c 2075 7469 6c69 7479 2c20 ogram, utility, \n-00060c70: 616e 6420 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e 2073 686f and function sho\n-00060c80: 756c 6420 6861 7665 2061 6e20 6173 736f uld have an asso\n-00060c90: 6369 6174 6564 206d 616e 7561 6c0a 7061 ciated manual.pa\n-00060ca0: 6765 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 696e 2074 ge included in t\n-00060cb0: 6865 2073 616d 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 he same package \n-00060cc0: 6f72 2061 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 792e or a dependency.\n-00060cd0: 2020 4974 2069 7320 7375 6767 6573 7465 It is suggeste\n-00060ce0: 6420 7468 6174 0a61 6c6c 2063 6f6e 6669 d that.all confi\n-00060cf0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2061 guration files a\n-00060d00: 6c73 6f20 6861 7665 2061 206d 616e 7561 lso have a manua\n-00060d10: 6c20 7061 6765 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 6420 l page included \n-00060d20: 6173 2077 656c 6c2e 0a4d 616e 7561 6c20 as well..Manual \n-00060d30: 7061 6765 7320 666f 7220 7072 6f74 6f63 pages for protoc\n-00060d40: 6f6c 7320 616e 6420 6f74 6865 7220 6175 ols and other au\n-00060d50: 7869 6c69 6172 7920 7468 696e 6773 2061 xiliary things a\n-00060d60: 7265 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c2e 0a0a 4966 re optional...If\n-00060d70: 206e 6f20 6d61 6e75 616c 2070 6167 6520 no manual page \n-00060d80: 6973 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 2c20 7468 is available, th\n-00060d90: 6973 2069 7320 636f 6e73 6964 6572 6564 is is considered\n-00060da0: 2061 7320 6120 6275 6720 616e 6420 7368 as a bug and sh\n-00060db0: 6f75 6c64 0a62 6520 7265 706f 7274 6564 ould.be reported\n-00060dc0: 2074 6f20 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e 2042 to the Debian B\n-00060dd0: 7567 2054 7261 636b 696e 6720 5379 7374 ug Tracking Syst\n-00060de0: 656d 2028 7468 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e em (the maintain\n-00060df0: 6572 206f 6620 7468 650a 7061 636b 6167 er of the.packag\n-00060e00: 6520 6973 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2074 6f20 e is allowed to \n-00060e10: 7772 6974 6520 7468 6973 2062 7567 2072 write this bug r\n-00060e20: 6570 6f72 7420 7468 656d 7365 6c76 6573 eport themselves\n-00060e30: 2c20 6966 2074 6865 7920 736f 0a64 6573 , if they so.des\n-00060e40: 6972 6529 2e20 2044 6f20 6e6f 7420 636c ire). 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E\n-00060f20: 7665 6e20 7468 6f75 6768 2074 6865 2047 ven though the G\n-00060f30: 4e55 2050 726f 6a65 6374 2064 6f20 6e6f NU Project do no\n-00060f40: 7420 696e 2067 656e 6572 616c 2063 6f6e t in general con\n-00060f50: 7369 6465 7220 7468 6520 6c61 636b 0a6f sider the lack.o\n-00060f60: 6620 6120 6d61 6e20 7061 6765 2074 6f20 f a man page to \n-00060f70: 6265 2061 2062 7567 2c20 7765 2064 6f3b be a bug, we do;\n-00060f80: 2069 6620 7468 6579 2074 656c 6c20 796f if they tell yo\n-00060f90: 7520 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 646f 6ee2 u that they don.\n-00060fa0: 8099 740a 636f 6e73 6964 6572 2069 7420 ..t.consider it \n-00060fb0: 6120 6275 6720 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 a bug you should\n-00060fc0: 206c 6561 7665 2074 6865 2062 7567 2069 leave the bug i\n-00060fd0: 6e20 6f75 7220 6275 6720 7472 6163 6b69 n our bug tracki\n-00060fe0: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 6f70 656e 2061 ng system.open a\n-00060ff0: 6e79 7761 792e 0a0a 4d61 6e75 616c 2070 nyway...Manual p\n-00061000: 6167 6573 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2069 ages should be i\n-00061010: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2063 6f6d 7072 6573 nstalled compres\n-00061020: 7365 6420 7573 696e 6720 e280 9867 7a69 sed using ...gzi\n-00061030: 7020 2d39 e280 992e 0a0a 4966 206f 6e65 p -9......If one\n-00061040: 206d 616e 2070 6167 6520 6e65 6564 7320 man page needs \n-00061050: 746f 2062 6520 6163 6365 7373 6962 6c65 to be accessible\n-00061060: 2076 6961 2073 6576 6572 616c 206e 616d via several nam\n-00061070: 6573 2069 7420 6973 2062 6574 7465 7220 es it is better \n-00061080: 746f 0a75 7365 2061 2073 796d 626f 6c69 to.use a symboli\n-00061090: 6320 6c69 6e6b 2074 6861 6e20 7468 6520 c link than the \n-000610a0: e280 982e 736f e280 9920 6665 6174 7572 ....so... featur\n-000610b0: 652c 2062 7574 2074 6865 7265 2069 7320 e, but there is \n-000610c0: 6e6f 206e 6565 6420 746f 0a66 6964 646c no need to.fiddl\n-000610d0: 6520 7769 7468 2074 6865 2072 656c 6576 e with the relev\n-000610e0: 616e 7420 7061 7274 7320 6f66 2074 6865 ant parts of the\n-000610f0: 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 736f 7572 6365 upstream source\n-00061100: 2074 6f20 6368 616e 6765 2066 726f 6d0a to change from.\n-00061110: e280 982e 736f e280 9920 746f 2073 796d ....so... to sym\n-00061120: 6c69 6e6b 733a 2064 6f6e e280 9974 2064 links: don...t d\n-00061130: 6f20 6974 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 6974 e280 o it unless it..\n-00061140: 9973 2065 6173 792e 2020 596f 7520 7368 .s easy. 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A p\n-00061790: 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6861 740a 6f70 7469 ackage that.opti\n-000617a0: 6f6e 616c 6c79 2064 6973 706c 6179 7320 onally displays \n-000617b0: 6974 7320 6f77 6e20 6d61 6e75 616c 2070 its own manual p\n-000617c0: 6167 6573 2c20 7375 6368 2061 7320 746f ages, such as to\n-000617d0: 2070 726f 7669 6465 2075 7365 7220 6865 provide user he\n-000617e0: 6c70 2c0a 6d75 7374 2066 6169 6c20 6772 lp,.must fail gr\n-000617f0: 6163 6566 756c 6c79 2069 6620 7468 6520 acefully if the \n-00061800: 6d61 6e75 616c 2070 6167 6573 2061 7265 manual pages are\n-00061810: 6ee2 8099 7420 696e 7374 616c 6c65 642e n...t installed.\n-00061820: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n-00061830: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n-00061840: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2049 7420 ----.. 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If the docu\n-00062c20: 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 6973 2070 6163 mentation is pac\n-00062c30: 6b61 6765 640a 7365 7061 7261 7465 6c79 kaged.separately\n-00062c40: 2c20 6173 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2d64 6f63 , as package-doc\n-00062c50: 2066 6f72 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 6974 for example, it\n-00062c60: 206d 6179 2062 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 may be installe\n-00062c70: 6420 756e 6465 7220 6569 7468 6572 0a74 d under either.t\n-00062c80: 6861 7420 7061 7468 206f 7220 696e 746f hat path or into\n-00062c90: 2074 6865 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 the documentati\n-00062ca0: 6f6e 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2066 6f72 on directory for\n-00062cb0: 2074 6865 2073 6570 6172 6174 650a 646f the separate.do\n-00062cc0: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 7061 636b cumentation pack\n-00062cd0: 6167 6520 28e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 age (.../usr/sha\n-00062ce0: 7265 2f64 6f63 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 2d64 re/doc/package-d\n-00062cf0: 6f63 e280 9920 696e 2074 6869 7320 6578 oc... in this ex\n-00062d00: 616d 706c 6529 2e0a 486f 7765 7665 722c ample)..However,\n-00062d10: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 7468 6520 installing the \n-00062d20: 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 696e documentation in\n-00062d30: 746f 2074 6865 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 to the documenta\n-00062d40: 7469 6f6e 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 0a6f tion directory.o\n-00062d50: 6620 7468 6520 6d61 696e 2070 6163 6b61 f the main packa\n-00062d60: 6765 2069 7320 656e 636f 7572 6167 6564 ge is encouraged\n-00062d70: 2073 696e 6365 2069 7420 6973 2069 6e64 since it is ind\n-00062d80: 6570 656e 6465 6e74 206f 6620 7468 650a ependent of the.\n-00062d90: 7061 636b 6167 696e 6720 6d65 7468 6f64 packaging method\n-00062da0: 2061 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 6265 2065 6173 and will be eas\n-00062db0: 6965 7220 666f 7220 7573 6572 7320 746f ier for users to\n-00062dc0: 2066 696e 642e 0a0a 416e 7920 7365 7061 find...Any sepa\n-00062dd0: 7261 7465 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2070 726f rate package pro\n-00062de0: 7669 6469 6e67 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 viding documenta\n-00062df0: 7469 6f6e 206d 7573 7420 7374 696c 6c20 tion must still \n-00062e00: 696e 7374 616c 6c20 7374 616e 6461 7264 install standard\n-00062e10: 0a64 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2066 .documentation f\n-00062e20: 696c 6573 2069 6e20 6974 7320 6f77 6e20 iles in its own \n-00062e30: e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 646f .../usr/share/do\n-00062e40: 63e2 8099 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2061 c... directory a\n-00062e50: 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 640a 696e 2074 s specified.in t\n-00062e60: 6865 2072 6573 7420 6f66 2074 6869 7320 he rest of this \n-00062e70: 706f 6c69 6379 2e20 2053 6565 2c20 666f policy. See, fo\n-00062e80: 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 202a 6e6f 7465 r example, *note\n-00062e90: 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 0a69 6e66 6f72 Copyright.infor\n-00062ea0: 6d61 7469 6f6e 3a20 3565 2e20 616e 6420 mation: 5e. and \n-00062eb0: 2a6e 6f74 6520 4368 616e 6765 6c6f 6720 *note Changelog \n-00062ec0: 6669 6c65 7320 616e 6420 7265 6c65 6173 files and releas\n-00062ed0: 6520 6e6f 7465 733a 2035 622e 0a0a 5061 e notes: 5b...Pa\n-00062ee0: 636b 6167 6573 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 ckages must not \n-00062ef0: 7265 7175 6972 6520 7468 6520 6578 6973 require the exis\n-00062f00: 7465 6e63 6520 6f66 2061 6e79 2066 696c tence of any fil\n-00062f10: 6573 2069 6e0a e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 es in..../usr/sh\n-00062f20: 6172 652f 646f 632f e280 9920 696e 206f are/doc/... in o\n-00062f30: 7264 6572 2074 6f20 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e rder to function\n-00062f40: 2e20 2028 3129 2020 416e 7920 6669 6c65 . (1) Any file\n-00062f50: 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 2075 7365 6420 s that are used \n-00062f60: 6f72 0a72 6561 6420 6279 2070 726f 6772 or.read by progr\n-00062f70: 616d 7320 6275 7420 6172 6520 616c 736f ams but are also\n-00062f80: 2075 7365 6675 6c20 6173 2073 7461 6e64 useful as stand\n-00062f90: 2061 6c6f 6e65 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 alone documenta\n-00062fa0: 7469 6f6e 2073 686f 756c 640a 6265 2069 tion should.be i\n-00062fb0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2065 6c73 6577 6865 nstalled elsewhe\n-00062fc0: 7265 2c20 7375 6368 2061 7320 756e 6465 re, such as unde\n-00062fd0: 7220 e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f r .../usr/share/\n-00062fe0: 7061 636b 6167 652f e280 992c 2061 6e64 package/..., and\n-00062ff0: 2074 6865 6e0a 696e 636c 7564 6564 2076 then.included v\n-00063000: 6961 2073 796d 626f 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b ia symbolic link\n-00063010: 7320 696e 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 s in .../usr/sha\n-00063020: 7265 2f64 6f63 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 e280 re/doc/package..\n-00063030: 992e 0a0a e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 ......./usr/shar\n-00063040: 652f 646f 632f 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 e/doc/package...\n-00063050: 2069 7320 7065 726d 6974 7465 6420 746f is permitted to\n-00063060: 2062 6520 6120 7379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c be a symbolic l\n-00063070: 696e 6b20 746f 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 0a64 ink to another.d\n-00063080: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2069 6e20 e280 982f irectory in .../\n-00063090: 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 646f 63e2 8099 usr/share/doc...\n-000630a0: 206f 6e6c 7920 6966 2074 6865 2074 776f only if the two\n-000630b0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 626f 7468 2063 packages both c\n-000630c0: 6f6d 6520 6672 6f6d 0a74 6865 2073 616d ome from.the sam\n-000630d0: 6520 736f 7572 6365 2061 6e64 2074 6865 e source and the\n-000630e0: 2066 6972 7374 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2044 first package D\n-000630f0: 6570 656e 6473 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7365 epends on the se\n-00063100: 636f 6e64 2e20 204f 7468 6572 7769 7365 cond. Otherwise\n-00063110: 2c0a e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f ,..../usr/share/\n-00063120: 646f 632f 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 206d doc/package... m\n-00063130: 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 6265 2061 2073 796d ust not be a sym\n-00063140: 626f 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b 2e20 2028 3229 bolic link. (2)\n-00063150: 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 .. ---------- \n-00063160: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes ------\n-00063170: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 6865 ----.. (1) The\n-00063180: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6164 6d69 6e69 7374 system administ\n-00063190: 7261 746f 7220 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 rator should be \n-000631a0: 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6465 6c65 7465 2066 able to delete f\n-000631b0: 696c 6573 2069 6e0a e280 982f 7573 722f iles in..../usr/\n-000631c0: 7368 6172 652f 646f 632f e280 9920 7769 share/doc/... wi\n-000631d0: 7468 6f75 7420 6361 7573 696e 6720 616e thout causing an\n-000631e0: 7920 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 2074 6f20 6272 y programs to br\n-000631f0: 6561 6b2e 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 2050 6c65 eak... (2) Ple\n-00063200: 6173 6520 6e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 7468 ase note that th\n-00063210: 6973 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6f76 6572 is does not over\n-00063220: 7269 6465 2074 6865 2073 6563 7469 6f6e ride the section\n-00063230: 206f 6e20 6368 616e 6765 6c6f 670a 6669 on changelog.fi\n-00063240: 6c65 7320 6265 6c6f 772c 2073 6f20 7468 les below, so th\n-00063250: 6520 6669 6c65 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 e file .../usr/s\n-00063260: 6861 7265 2f64 6f63 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 hare/doc/package\n-00063270: 2f63 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 2e44 6562 6961 /changelog.Debia\n-00063280: 6e2e 677a e280 990a 6d75 7374 2072 6566 n.gz....must ref\n-00063290: 6572 2074 6f20 7468 6520 6368 616e 6765 er to the change\n-000632a0: 6c6f 6720 666f 7220 7468 6520 6375 7272 log for the curr\n-000632b0: 656e 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2070 ent version of p\n-000632c0: 6163 6b61 6765 2069 6e0a 7175 6573 7469 ackage in.questi\n-000632d0: 6f6e 2e20 2049 6e20 7072 6163 7469 6365 on. 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If.yo\n-00063ee0: 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 6173 2073 ur package has s\n-00063ef0: 7563 6820 6120 6669 6c65 2069 7420 7368 uch a file it sh\n-00063f00: 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 ould be installe\n-00063f10: 6420 696e 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 d in..../usr/sha\n-00063f20: 7265 2f64 6f63 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 2f52 re/doc/package/R\n-00063f30: 4541 444d 45e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9852 EADME... or ...R\n-00063f40: 4541 444d 452e 4465 6269 616e e280 9920 EADME.Debian... \n-00063f50: 6f72 2073 6f6d 6520 6f74 6865 720a 6170 or some other.ap\n-00063f60: 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 706c 6163 652e propriate place.\n-00063f70: 0a0a 416c 6c20 636f 7079 7269 6768 7420 ..All copyright \n-00063f80: 6669 6c65 7320 6d75 7374 2062 6520 656e files must be en\n-00063f90: 636f 6465 6420 696e 2055 5446 2d38 2e0a coded in UTF-8..\n-00063fa0: 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4d61 6368 .* Menu:..* Mach\n-00063fb0: 696e 652d 7265 6164 6162 6c65 2063 6f70 ine-readable cop\n-00063fc0: 7972 6967 6874 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 yright informati\n-00063fd0: 6f6e 3a3a 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d on::.. -------\n-00063fe0: 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d --- Footnotes --\n-00063ff0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 --------.. (1)\n-00064000: 2049 6e20 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 2c20 In particular, \n-00064010: e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 636f .../usr/share/co\n-00064020: 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f 4170 mmon-licenses/Ap\n-00064030: 6163 6865 2d32 2e30 e280 992c 0ae2 8098 ache-2.0...,....\n-00064040: 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 2f63 6f6d 6d6f /usr/share/commo\n-00064050: 6e2d 6c69 6365 6e73 6573 2f41 7274 6973 n-licenses/Artis\n-00064060: 7469 63e2 8099 2c0a e280 982f 7573 722f tic...,..../usr/\n-00064070: 7368 6172 652f 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c 6963 share/common-lic\n-00064080: 656e 7365 732f 4343 302d 312e 30e2 8099 enses/CC0-1.0...\n-00064090: 2c0a e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f ,..../usr/share/\n-000640a0: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f common-licenses/\n-000640b0: 4750 4c2d 31e2 8099 2c20 e280 982f 7573 GPL-1..., .../us\n-000640c0: 722f 7368 6172 652f 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c r/share/common-l\n-000640d0: 6963 656e 7365 732f 4750 4c2d 32e2 8099 icenses/GPL-2...\n-000640e0: 2c0a e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f ,..../usr/share/\n-000640f0: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f common-licenses/\n-00064100: 4750 4c2d 33e2 8099 2c20 e280 982f 7573 GPL-3..., .../us\n-00064110: 722f 7368 6172 652f 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c r/share/common-l\n-00064120: 6963 656e 7365 732f 4c47 504c 2d32 e280 icenses/LGPL-2..\n-00064130: 992c 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 .,..../usr/share\n-00064140: 2f63 6f6d 6d6f 6e2d 6c69 6365 6e73 6573 /common-licenses\n-00064150: 2f4c 4750 4c2d 322e 31e2 8099 2c0a e280 /LGPL-2.1...,...\n-00064160: 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 636f 6d6d ./usr/share/comm\n-00064170: 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f 4c47 504c on-licenses/LGPL\n-00064180: 2d33 e280 992c 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 -3...,..../usr/s\n-00064190: 6861 7265 2f63 6f6d 6d6f 6e2d 6c69 6365 hare/common-lice\n-000641a0: 6e73 6573 2f47 4644 4c2d 312e 32e2 8099 nses/GFDL-1.2...\n-000641b0: 2c0a e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f ,..../usr/share/\n-000641c0: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f common-licenses/\n-000641d0: 4746 444c 2d31 2e33 e280 992c 0ae2 8098 GFDL-1.3...,....\n-000641e0: 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 2f63 6f6d 6d6f /usr/share/commo\n-000641f0: 6e2d 6c69 6365 6e73 6573 2f4d 504c 2d31 n-licenses/MPL-1\n-00064200: 2e31 e280 992c 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 2f75 .1..., and..../u\n-00064210: 7372 2f73 6861 7265 2f63 6f6d 6d6f 6e2d sr/share/common-\n-00064220: 6c69 6365 6e73 6573 2f4d 504c 2d32 2e30 licenses/MPL-2.0\n-00064230: e280 9920 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 ... respectively\n-00064240: 2e20 2054 6865 2055 6e69 7665 7273 6974 . The Universit\n-00064250: 7920 6f66 0a43 616c 6966 6f72 6e69 6120 y of.California \n-00064260: 4253 4420 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 6973 2061 BSD license is a\n-00064270: 6c73 6f20 696e 636c 7564 6564 2069 6e20 lso included in \n-00064280: 6261 7365 2d66 696c 6573 2061 730a e280 base-files as...\n-00064290: 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 636f 6d6d ./usr/share/comm\n-000642a0: 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f 4253 44e2 on-licenses/BSD.\n-000642b0: 8099 2c20 6275 7420 6769 7665 6e20 7468 .., but given th\n-000642c0: 6520 6272 6576 6974 7920 6f66 2074 6869 e brevity of thi\n-000642d0: 7320 6c69 6365 6e73 652c 0a69 7473 2073 s license,.its s\n-000642e0: 7065 6369 6669 6369 7479 2074 6f20 636f pecificity to co\n-000642f0: 6465 2077 686f 7365 2063 6f70 7972 6967 de whose copyrig\n-00064300: 6874 2069 7320 6865 6c64 2062 7920 7468 ht is held by th\n-00064310: 6520 5265 6765 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 6865 e Regents of the\n-00064320: 0a55 6e69 7665 7273 6974 7920 6f66 2043 .University of C\n-00064330: 616c 6966 6f72 6e69 612c 2061 6e64 2074 alifornia, and t\n-00064340: 6865 2066 7265 7175 656e 6379 206f 6620 he frequency of \n-00064350: 6d69 6e6f 7220 776f 7264 696e 6720 6368 minor wording ch\n-00064360: 616e 6765 732c 0a69 7473 2074 6578 7420 anges,.its text \n-00064370: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 696e 636c 7564 should be includ\n-00064380: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 636f 7079 7269 ed in the copyri\n-00064390: 6768 7420 6669 6c65 2072 6174 6865 7220 ght file rather \n-000643a0: 7468 616e 0a72 6566 6572 656e 6369 6e67 than.referencing\n-000643b0: 2074 6869 7320 6669 6c65 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 this file.....F\n-000643c0: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-000643d0: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-000643e0: 4d61 6368 696e 652d 7265 6164 6162 6c65 Machine-readable\n-000643f0: 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2069 6e66 6f72 copyright infor\n-00064400: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f70 mation, Up: Cop\n-00064410: 7972 6967 6874 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 yright informati\n-00064420: 6f6e 0a0a 3131 2e35 2e31 204d 6163 6869 on..11.5.1 Machi\n-00064430: 6e65 2d72 6561 6461 626c 6520 636f 7079 ne-readable copy\n-00064440: 7269 6768 7420 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f right informatio\n-00064450: 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d n.--------------\n-00064460: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00064470: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-00064480: 0a41 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e .A specification\n-00064490: 2066 6f72 2061 2073 7461 6e64 6172 642c for a standard,\n-000644a0: 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2d72 6561 6461 626c machine-readabl\n-000644b0: 6520 666f 726d 6174 2066 6f72 0ae2 8098 e format for....\n-000644c0: 6465 6269 616e 2f63 6f70 7972 6967 6874 debian/copyright\n-000644d0: e280 9920 6669 6c65 7320 6973 206d 6169 ... files is mai\n-000644e0: 6e74 6169 6e65 6420 6173 2070 6172 7420 ntained as part \n-000644f0: 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f of the debian-po\n-00064500: 6c69 6379 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 2054 licy.package. 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(if appropri\n-00068550: 6174 6529 0a69 6e20 7468 6520 6375 7272 ate).in the curr\n-00068560: 656e 7420 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792e 2020 ent directory. \n-00068570: e280 9864 706b 672d 736f 7572 6365 e280 ...dpkg-source..\n-00068580: 9920 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2063 6c65 616e . does not clean\n-00068590: 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7472 6565 the source tree\n-000685a0: 0a66 6972 7374 202d 2074 6869 7320 6d75 .first - this mu\n-000685b0: 7374 2062 6520 646f 6e65 2073 6570 6172 st be done separ\n-000685c0: 6174 656c 7920 6966 2069 7420 6973 2072 ately if it is r\n-000685d0: 6571 7569 7265 642e 0a0a 5365 6520 616c equired...See al\n-000685e0: 736f 202a 6e6f 7465 2053 6f75 7263 6520 so *note Source \n-000685f0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 7320 6172 6368 packages as arch\n-00068600: 6976 6573 3a20 6232 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ives: b2.....Fil\n-00068610: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n-00068620: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6470 .info, Node: dp\n-00068630: 6b67 2d62 7569 6c64 7061 636b 6167 6520 kg-buildpackage \n-00068640: 2d20 6f76 6572 616c 6c20 7061 636b 6167 - overall packag\n-00068650: 652d 6275 696c 6469 6e67 2063 6f6e 7472 e-building contr\n-00068660: 6f6c 2073 6372 6970 742c 2020 4e65 7874 ol script, Next\n-00068670: 3a20 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 636f 6e74 726f : dpkg-gencontro\n-00068680: 6c20 2d20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 7320 6269 l - generates bi\n-00068690: 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2063 6f6e nary package con\n-000686a0: 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 2c20 2050 7265 trol files, Pre\n-000686b0: 763a 2064 706b 672d 736f 7572 6365 202d v: dpkg-source -\n-000686c0: 2070 6163 6b73 2061 6e64 2075 6e70 6163 packs and unpac\n-000686d0: 6b73 2044 6562 6961 6e20 736f 7572 6365 ks Debian source\n-000686e0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2020 5570 3a20 packages, Up: \n-000686f0: 546f 6f6c 7320 666f 7220 7072 6f63 6573 Tools for proces\n-00068700: 7369 6e67 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b sing source pack\n-00068710: 6167 6573 0a0a 3134 2e31 2e32 20e2 8098 ages..14.1.2 ...\n-00068720: 6470 6b67 2d62 7569 6c64 7061 636b 6167 dpkg-buildpackag\n-00068730: 65e2 8099 202d 206f 7665 7261 6c6c 2070 e... - overall p\n-00068740: 6163 6b61 6765 2d62 7569 6c64 696e 6720 ackage-building \n-00068750: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 7363 7269 7074 0a2d control script.-\n-00068760: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00068770: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00068780: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00068790: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000687a0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a53 6565 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 ---..See ...dpkg\n-000687b0: 2d62 7569 6c64 7061 636b 6167 6528 3129 -buildpackage(1)\n-000687c0: e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 ........File: de\n-000687d0: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f bian-policy.info\n-000687e0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2064 706b 672d 6765 , Node: dpkg-ge\n-000687f0: 6e63 6f6e 7472 6f6c 202d 2067 656e 6572 ncontrol - gener\n-00068800: 6174 6573 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b ates binary pack\n-00068810: 6167 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 age control file\n-00068820: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6470 6b67 2d73 s, Next: dpkg-s\n-00068830: 686c 6962 6465 7073 202d 2063 616c 6375 hlibdeps - calcu\n-00068840: 6c61 7465 7320 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 lates shared lib\n-00068850: 7261 7279 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 rary dependencie\n-00068860: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6470 6b67 2d62 s, Prev: dpkg-b\n-00068870: 7569 6c64 7061 636b 6167 6520 2d20 6f76 uildpackage - ov\n-00068880: 6572 616c 6c20 7061 636b 6167 652d 6275 erall package-bu\n-00068890: 696c 6469 6e67 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2073 ilding control s\n-000688a0: 6372 6970 742c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 6f6c cript, Up: Tool\n-000688b0: 7320 666f 7220 7072 6f63 6573 7369 6e67 s for processing\n-000688c0: 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 source packages\n-000688d0: 0a0a 3134 2e31 2e33 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 ..14.1.3 ...dpkg\n-000688e0: 2d67 656e 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 202d -gencontrol... -\n-000688f0: 2067 656e 6572 6174 6573 2062 696e 6172 generates binar\n-00068900: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 636f 6e74 726f y package contro\n-00068910: 6c20 6669 6c65 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d l files.--------\n-00068920: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00068930: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00068940: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00068950: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 ---------..This \n-00068960: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 6973 2075 7375 616c program is usual\n-00068970: 6c79 2063 616c 6c65 6420 6672 6f6d 20e2 ly called from .\n-00068980: 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 e280 ..debian/rules..\n-00068990: 9920 2873 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 0a73 6563 . (see *note.sec\n-000689a0: 7469 6f6e 5f74 6974 6c65 3a20 3162 352e tion_title: 1b5.\n-000689b0: 2920 696e 2074 6865 2074 6f70 206c 6576 ) in the top lev\n-000689c0: 656c 206f 6620 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 el of the source\n-000689d0: 2074 7265 652e 0a0a 5468 6973 2069 7320 tree...This is \n-000689e0: 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 646f 6e65 206a 7573 usually done jus\n-000689f0: 7420 6265 666f 7265 2074 6865 2066 696c t before the fil\n-00068a00: 6573 2061 6e64 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 es and directori\n-00068a10: 6573 2069 6e20 7468 650a 7465 6d70 6f72 es in the.tempor\n-00068a20: 6172 7920 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7472 ary directory tr\n-00068a30: 6565 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 2070 6163 ee where the pac\n-00068a40: 6b61 6765 2069 7320 6265 696e 6720 6275 kage is being bu\n-00068a50: 696c 7420 6861 7665 2074 6865 6972 0a70 ilt have their.p\n-00068a60: 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 206f ermissions and o\n-00068a70: 776e 6572 7368 6970 7320 7365 7420 616e wnerships set an\n-00068a80: 6420 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 d the package is\n-00068a90: 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 6564 2075 7369 constructed usi\n-00068aa0: 6e67 0ae2 8098 6470 6b67 2d64 6562 2fe2 ng....dpkg-deb/.\n-00068ab0: 8099 2e20 2028 3129 0a0a e280 9864 706b ... 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(1) This is \n-00068f20: 736f 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 636f 6e74 so that the cont\n-00068f30: 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 2077 6869 6368 2069 rol file which i\n-00068f40: 7320 7072 6f64 7563 6564 2068 6173 2074 s produced has t\n-00068f50: 6865 2072 6967 6874 0a70 6572 6d69 7373 he right.permiss\n-00068f60: 696f 6e73 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 ions....File: de\n-00068f70: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f bian-policy.info\n-00068f80: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2064 706b 672d 7368 , Node: dpkg-sh\n-00068f90: 6c69 6264 6570 7320 2d20 6361 6c63 756c libdeps - calcul\n-00068fa0: 6174 6573 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 ates shared libr\n-00068fb0: 6172 7920 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 ary dependencies\n-00068fc0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2064 706b 672d 6469 , Next: dpkg-di\n-00068fd0: 7374 6164 6466 696c 6520 2d20 6164 6473 staddfile - adds\n-00068fe0: 2061 2066 696c 6520 746f 2064 6562 6961 a file to debia\n-00068ff0: 6e2f 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 n/files, Prev: \n-00069000: 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 dpkg-gencontrol \n-00069010: 2d20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 7320 6269 6e61 - generates bina\n-00069020: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2063 6f6e 7472 ry package contr\n-00069030: 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2054 ol files, Up: T\n-00069040: 6f6f 6c73 2066 6f72 2070 726f 6365 7373 ools for process\n-00069050: 696e 6720 736f 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 ing source packa\n-00069060: 6765 730a 0a31 342e 312e 3420 e280 9864 ges..14.1.4 ...d\n-00069070: 706b 672d 7368 6c69 6264 6570 73e2 8099 pkg-shlibdeps...\n-00069080: 202d 2063 616c 6375 6c61 7465 7320 7368 - calculates sh\n-00069090: 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2064 6570 ared library dep\n-000690a0: 656e 6465 6e63 6965 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d endencies.------\n-000690b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000690c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000690d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000690e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5365 6520 ----------..See \n-000690f0: e280 9864 706b 672d 7368 6c69 6264 6570 ...dpkg-shlibdep\n-00069100: 7328 3129 e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 s(1)........File\n-00069110: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n-00069120: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2064 706b info, Node: dpk\n-00069130: 672d 6469 7374 6164 6466 696c 6520 2d20 g-distaddfile - \n-00069140: 6164 6473 2061 2066 696c 6520 746f 2064 adds a file to d\n-00069150: 6562 6961 6e2f 6669 6c65 732c 2020 4e65 ebian/files, Ne\n-00069160: 7874 3a20 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 6368 616e xt: dpkg-genchan\n-00069170: 6765 7320 2d20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 7320 ges - generates \n-00069180: 6120 6368 616e 6765 7320 7570 6c6f 6164 a changes upload\n-00069190: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 652c 2020 control file, \n-000691a0: 5072 6576 3a20 6470 6b67 2d73 686c 6962 Prev: dpkg-shlib\n-000691b0: 6465 7073 202d 2063 616c 6375 6c61 7465 deps - calculate\n-000691c0: 7320 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 s shared library\n-000691d0: 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 732c 2020 dependencies, \n-000691e0: 5570 3a20 546f 6f6c 7320 666f 7220 7072 Up: Tools for pr\n-000691f0: 6f63 6573 7369 6e67 2073 6f75 7263 6520 ocessing source \n-00069200: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 3134 2e31 2e35 packages..14.1.5\n-00069210: 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d64 6973 7461 6464 ...dpkg-distadd\n-00069220: 6669 6c65 e280 9920 2d20 6164 6473 2061 file... - adds a\n-00069230: 2066 696c 6520 746f 20e2 8098 6465 6269 file to ...debi\n-00069240: 616e 2f66 696c 6573 e280 990a 2d2d 2d2d an/files....----\n-00069250: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00069260: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00069270: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00069280: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a53 6f6d 6520 7061 636b -----..Some pack\n-00069290: 6167 6573 e280 9920 7570 6c6f 6164 7320 ages... uploads \n-000692a0: 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 696e 636c 7564 6520 need to include \n-000692b0: 6669 6c65 7320 6f74 6865 7220 7468 616e files other than\n-000692c0: 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 616e 640a the source and.\n-000692d0: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2066 binary package f\n-000692e0: 696c 6573 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6470 6b67 2d64 iles......dpkg-d\n-000692f0: 6973 7461 6464 6669 6c65 e280 9920 6164 istaddfile... ad\n-00069300: 6473 2061 2066 696c 6520 746f 2074 6865 ds a file to the\n-00069310: 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f66 696c 6573 ...debian/files\n-00069320: e280 9920 6669 6c65 2073 6f20 7468 6174 ... file so that\n-00069330: 2069 740a 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 696e 636c it.will be incl\n-00069340: 7564 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 982e uded in the ....\n-00069350: 6368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 changes... file \n-00069360: 7768 656e 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d67 656e when ...dpkg-gen\n-00069370: 6368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7275 changes... is ru\n-00069380: 6e2e 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 7573 7561 6c6c n...It is usuall\n-00069390: 7920 696e 766f 6b65 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 y invoked from t\n-000693a0: 6865 20e2 8098 6269 6e61 7279 e280 9920 he ...binary... \n-000693b0: 7461 7267 6574 206f 6620 e280 9864 6562 target of ...deb\n-000693c0: 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 3a0a 0a20 ian/rules...:.. \n-000693d0: 2020 2020 6470 6b67 2d64 6973 7461 6464 dpkg-distadd\n-000693e0: 6669 6c65 2066 696c 656e 616d 6520 7365 file filename se\n-000693f0: 6374 696f 6e20 7072 696f 7269 7479 0a0a ction priority..\n-00069400: 5468 6520 6669 6c65 6e61 6d65 2069 7320 The filename is \n-00069410: 7265 6c61 7469 7665 2074 6f20 7468 6520 relative to the \n-00069420: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7768 6572 6520 directory where \n-00069430: e280 9864 706b 672d 6765 6e63 6861 6e67 ...dpkg-genchang\n-00069440: 6573 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 0a65 7870 6563 es... will.expec\n-00069450: 7420 746f 2066 696e 6420 6974 202d 2074 t to find it - t\n-00069460: 6869 7320 6973 2075 7375 616c 6c79 2074 his is usually t\n-00069470: 6865 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2061 626f he directory abo\n-00069480: 7665 2074 6865 2074 6f70 206c 6576 656c ve the top level\n-00069490: 206f 660a 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 2074 of.the source t\n-000694a0: 7265 652e 2020 5468 6520 e280 9864 6562 ree. The ...deb\n-000694b0: 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 2074 6172 ian/rules... tar\n-000694c0: 6765 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 2070 7574 2074 get should put t\n-000694d0: 6865 2066 696c 6520 7468 6572 650a 6a75 he file there.ju\n-000694e0: 7374 2062 6566 6f72 6520 6f72 206a 7573 st before or jus\n-000694f0: 7420 6166 7465 7220 6361 6c6c 696e 6720 t after calling \n-00069500: e280 9864 706b 672d 6469 7374 6164 6466 ...dpkg-distaddf\n-00069510: 696c 65e2 8099 2e0a 0a54 6865 2073 6563 ile......The sec\n-00069520: 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 2070 7269 6f72 6974 tion and priorit\n-00069530: 7920 6172 6520 7061 7373 6564 2075 6e63 y are passed unc\n-00069540: 6861 6e67 6564 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 hanged into the \n-00069550: 7265 7375 6c74 696e 670a e280 982e 6368 resulting.....ch\n-00069560: 616e 6765 73e2 8099 2066 696c 652e 0a0a anges... file...\n-00069570: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n-00069580: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n-00069590: 653a 2064 706b 672d 6765 6e63 6861 6e67 e: dpkg-genchang\n-000695a0: 6573 202d 2067 656e 6572 6174 6573 2061 es - generates a\n-000695b0: 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2075 706c 6f61 6420 changes upload \n-000695c0: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 2c20 204e control file, N\n-000695d0: 6578 743a 2064 706b 672d 7061 7273 6563 ext: dpkg-parsec\n-000695e0: 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 202d 2070 726f 6475 hangelog - produ\n-000695f0: 6365 7320 7061 7273 6564 2072 6570 7265 ces parsed repre\n-00069600: 7365 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 2063 sentation of a c\n-00069610: 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 2c20 2050 7265 763a hangelog, Prev:\n-00069620: 2064 706b 672d 6469 7374 6164 6466 696c dpkg-distaddfil\n-00069630: 6520 2d20 6164 6473 2061 2066 696c 6520 e - adds a file \n-00069640: 746f 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 6669 6c65 732c to debian/files,\n-00069650: 2020 5570 3a20 546f 6f6c 7320 666f 7220 Up: Tools for \n-00069660: 7072 6f63 6573 7369 6e67 2073 6f75 7263 processing sourc\n-00069670: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 3134 2e31 e packages..14.1\n-00069680: 2e36 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 6368 .6 ...dpkg-gench\n-00069690: 616e 6765 73e2 8099 202d 2067 656e 6572 anges... - gener\n-000696a0: 6174 6573 2061 20e2 8098 2e63 6861 6e67 ates a ....chang\n-000696b0: 6573 e280 9920 7570 6c6f 6164 2063 6f6e es... upload con\n-000696c0: 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 650a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d trol file.------\n-000696d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000696e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000696f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00069700: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-00069710: 0a53 6565 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d67 656e .See ...dpkg-gen\n-00069720: 6368 616e 6765 7328 3129 e280 992e 0a0a changes(1)......\n-00069730: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n-00069740: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n-00069750: 653a 2064 706b 672d 7061 7273 6563 6861 e: dpkg-parsecha\n-00069760: 6e67 656c 6f67 202d 2070 726f 6475 6365 ngelog - produce\n-00069770: 7320 7061 7273 6564 2072 6570 7265 7365 s parsed represe\n-00069780: 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 2063 6861 ntation of a cha\n-00069790: 6e67 656c 6f67 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2064 ngelog, Next: d\n-000697a0: 706b 672d 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 pkg-architecture\n-000697b0: 202d 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 - information a\n-000697c0: 626f 7574 2074 6865 2062 7569 6c64 2061 bout the build a\n-000697d0: 6e64 2068 6f73 7420 7379 7374 656d 2c20 nd host system, \n-000697e0: 2050 7265 763a 2064 706b 672d 6765 6e63 Prev: dpkg-genc\n-000697f0: 6861 6e67 6573 202d 2067 656e 6572 6174 hanges - generat\n-00069800: 6573 2061 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2075 706c es a changes upl\n-00069810: 6f61 6420 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 oad control file\n-00069820: 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f6f 6c73 2066 6f72 , Up: Tools for\n-00069830: 2070 726f 6365 7373 696e 6720 736f 7572 processing sour\n-00069840: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a31 342e ce packages..14.\n-00069850: 312e 3720 e280 9864 706b 672d 7061 7273 1.7 ...dpkg-pars\n-00069860: 6563 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 e280 9920 2d20 echangelog... - \n-00069870: 7072 6f64 7563 6573 2070 6172 7365 6420 produces parsed \n-00069880: 7265 7072 6573 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 206f representation o\n-00069890: 6620 6120 6368 616e 6765 6c6f 670a 2d2d f a changelog.--\n-000698a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000698b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000698c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000698d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000698e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5365 6520 ----------..See \n-000698f0: e280 9864 706b 672d 7061 7273 6563 6861 ...dpkg-parsecha\n-00069900: 6e67 656c 6f67 2831 29e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f ngelog(1).......\n-00069910: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n-00069920: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n-00069930: 3a20 6470 6b67 2d61 7263 6869 7465 6374 : dpkg-architect\n-00069940: 7572 6520 2d20 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f ure - informatio\n-00069950: 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 7468 6520 6275 696c n about the buil\n-00069960: 6420 616e 6420 686f 7374 2073 7973 7465 d and host syste\n-00069970: 6d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6470 6b67 2d70 m, Prev: dpkg-p\n-00069980: 6172 7365 6368 616e 6765 6c6f 6720 2d20 arsechangelog - \n-00069990: 7072 6f64 7563 6573 2070 6172 7365 6420 produces parsed \n-000699a0: 7265 7072 6573 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 206f representation o\n-000699b0: 6620 6120 6368 616e 6765 6c6f 672c 2020 f a changelog, \n-000699c0: 5570 3a20 546f 6f6c 7320 666f 7220 7072 Up: Tools for pr\n-000699d0: 6f63 6573 7369 6e67 2073 6f75 7263 6520 ocessing source \n-000699e0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 3134 2e31 2e38 packages..14.1.8\n-000699f0: 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d61 7263 6869 7465 ...dpkg-archite\n-00069a00: 6374 7572 65e2 8099 202d 2069 6e66 6f72 cture... - infor\n-00069a10: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 2074 6865 mation about the\n-00069a20: 2062 7569 6c64 2061 6e64 2068 6f73 7420 build and host \n-00069a30: 7379 7374 656d 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d system.---------\n-00069a40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00069a50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00069a60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00069a70: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n-00069a80: 0a53 6565 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d61 7263 .See ...dpkg-arc\n-00069a90: 6869 7465 6374 7572 6528 3129 e280 992e hitecture(1)....\n-00069aa0: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e ....File: debian\n-00069ab0: 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e -policy.info, N\n-00069ac0: 6f64 653a 2054 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 ode: The Debian \n-00069ad0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 736f 7572 6365 2074 package source t\n-00069ae0: 7265 652c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 536f 7572 ree, Next: Sour\n-00069af0: 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6173 2061 ce packages as a\n-00069b00: 7263 6869 7665 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 rchives, Prev: \n-00069b10: 546f 6f6c 7320 666f 7220 7072 6f63 6573 Tools for proces\n-00069b20: 7369 6e67 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b sing source pack\n-00069b30: 6167 6573 2c20 2055 703a 2053 6f75 7263 ages, Up: Sourc\n-00069b40: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 2066 726f 6d20 e packages from \n-00069b50: 6f6c 6420 5061 636b 6167 696e 6720 4d61 old Packaging Ma\n-00069b60: 6e75 616c 0a0a 3134 2e32 2054 6865 2044 nual..14.2 The D\n-00069b70: 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6520 736f ebian package so\n-00069b80: 7572 6365 2074 7265 650a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d urce tree.======\n-00069b90: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n-00069ba0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 =============..T\n-00069bb0: 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 6172 6368 6976 he source archiv\n-00069bc0: 6520 7363 6865 6d65 2064 6573 6372 6962 e scheme describ\n-00069bd0: 6564 206c 6174 6572 2069 7320 696e 7465 ed later is inte\n-00069be0: 6e64 6564 2074 6f20 616c 6c6f 7720 6120 nded to allow a \n-00069bf0: 4465 6269 616e 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2073 Debian.package s\n-00069c00: 6f75 7263 6520 7472 6565 2077 6974 6820 ource tree with \n-00069c10: 736f 6d65 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 6420 some associated \n-00069c20: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d65 7461 6461 7461 package metadata\n-00069c30: 2074 6f20 6265 0a72 6570 726f 6475 6365 to be.reproduce\n-00069c40: 6420 616e 6420 7472 616e 7370 6f72 7465 d and transporte\n-00069c50: 6420 6561 7369 6c79 2e20 2054 6865 2044 d easily. The D\n-00069c60: 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6520 736f ebian package so\n-00069c70: 7572 6365 2074 7265 6520 6973 2061 0a76 urce tree is a.v\n-00069c80: 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 6f72 ersion of the or\n-00069c90: 6967 696e 616c 2070 726f 6772 616d 2077 iginal program w\n-00069ca0: 6974 6820 6365 7274 6169 6e20 6669 6c65 ith certain file\n-00069cb0: 7320 6164 6465 6420 666f 7220 7468 6520 s added for the \n-00069cc0: 6265 6e65 6669 740a 6f66 2074 6865 2070 benefit.of the p\n-00069cd0: 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 2070 726f 6365 7373 ackaging process\n-00069ce0: 2c20 616e 6420 7769 7468 2061 6e79 206f , and with any o\n-00069cf0: 7468 6572 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2072 6571 ther changes req\n-00069d00: 7569 7265 6420 6d61 6465 2074 6f0a 7468 uired made to.th\n-00069d10: 6520 7265 7374 206f 6620 7468 6520 736f e rest of the so\n-00069d20: 7572 6365 2063 6f64 6520 616e 6420 696e urce code and in\n-00069d30: 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e 2073 6372 6970 stallation scrip\n-00069d40: 7473 2e0a 0a54 6865 2065 7874 7261 2066 ts...The extra f\n-00069d50: 696c 6573 2063 7265 6174 6564 2066 6f72 iles created for\n-00069d60: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 6172 6520 696e 2074 Debian are in t\n-00069d70: 6865 2073 7562 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 he subdirectory \n-00069d80: e280 9864 6562 6961 6ee2 8099 206f 660a ...debian... of.\n-00069d90: 7468 6520 746f 7020 6c65 7665 6c20 6f66 the top level of\n-00069da0: 2074 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b the Debian pack\n-00069db0: 6167 6520 736f 7572 6365 2074 7265 652e age source tree.\n-00069dc0: 2020 5468 6579 2061 7265 2064 6573 6372 They are descr\n-00069dd0: 6962 6564 0a62 656c 6f77 2e0a 0a2a 204d ibed.below...* M\n-00069de0: 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 6465 6269 616e 2f72 enu:..* debian/r\n-00069df0: 756c 6573 202d 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e20 ules - the main \n-00069e00: 6275 696c 6469 6e67 2073 6372 6970 743a building script:\n-00069e10: 3a0a 2a20 6465 6269 616e 2f73 7562 7374 :.* debian/subst\n-00069e20: 7661 7273 2061 6e64 2076 6172 6961 626c vars and variabl\n-00069e30: 6520 7375 6273 7469 7475 7469 6f6e 733a e substitutions:\n-00069e40: 3a0a 2a20 6465 6269 616e 2f66 696c 6573 :.* debian/files\n-00069e50: 3a3a 0a2a 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 746d 703a ::.* debian/tmp:\n-00069e60: 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 :....File: debia\n-00069e70: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 n-policy.info, \n-00069e80: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c Node: debian/rul\n-00069e90: 6573 202d 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e20 6275 es - the main bu\n-00069ea0: 696c 6469 6e67 2073 6372 6970 742c 2020 ilding script, \n-00069eb0: 4e65 7874 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2f73 7562 Next: debian/sub\n-00069ec0: 7374 7661 7273 2061 6e64 2076 6172 6961 stvars and varia\n-00069ed0: 626c 6520 7375 6273 7469 7475 7469 6f6e ble substitution\n-00069ee0: 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5468 6520 4465 6269 s, Up: The Debi\n-00069ef0: 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2073 6f75 7263 an package sourc\n-00069f00: 6520 7472 6565 0a0a 3134 2e32 2e31 20e2 e tree..14.2.1 .\n-00069f10: 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 e280 ..debian/rules..\n-00069f20: 9920 2d20 7468 6520 6d61 696e 2062 7569 . - the main bui\n-00069f30: 6c64 696e 6720 7363 7269 7074 0a2d 2d2d lding script.---\n-00069f40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00069f50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00069f60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a53 -------------..S\n-00069f70: 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 204d 6169 6e20 6275 ee *note Main bu\n-00069f80: 696c 6469 6e67 2073 6372 6970 743b 2064 ilding script; 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deb\n-0006a0f0: 6961 6e2f 7375 6273 7476 6172 733a 2036 ian/substvars: 6\n-0006a100: 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 e.....File: debi\n-0006a110: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n-0006a120: 204e 6f64 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 6669 Node: debian/fi\n-0006a130: 6c65 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6465 6269 les, Next: debi\n-0006a140: 616e 2f74 6d70 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2064 an/tmp, Prev: d\n-0006a150: 6562 6961 6e2f 7375 6273 7476 6172 7320 ebian/substvars \n-0006a160: 616e 6420 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2073 7562 and variable sub\n-0006a170: 7374 6974 7574 696f 6e73 2c20 2055 703a stitutions, Up:\n-0006a180: 2054 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b The Debian pack\n-0006a190: 6167 6520 736f 7572 6365 2074 7265 650a age source tree.\n-0006a1a0: 0a31 342e 322e 3320 e280 9864 6562 6961 .14.2.3 ...debia\n-0006a1b0: 6e2f 6669 6c65 73e2 8099 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d n/files....-----\n-0006a1c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-0006a1d0: 0a0a 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 4765 6e65 ..See *note Gene\n-0006a1e0: 7261 7465 6420 6669 6c65 7320 6c69 7374 rated files list\n-0006a1f0: 3b20 6465 6269 616e 2f66 696c 6573 3a20 ; debian/files: \n-0006a200: 3733 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 73.....File: deb\n-0006a210: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n-0006a220: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2f74 Node: debian/t\n-0006a230: 6d70 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2064 6562 6961 mp, Prev: debia\n-0006a240: 6e2f 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5468 n/files, Up: Th\n-0006a250: 6520 4465 6269 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 e Debian package\n-0006a260: 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7472 6565 0a0a 3134 source tree..14\n-0006a270: 2e32 2e34 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f74 .2.4 ...debian/t\n-0006a280: 6d70 e280 990a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d mp....----------\n-0006a290: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 ---------..This \n-0006a2a0: 6973 2074 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2074 is the default t\n-0006a2b0: 656d 706f 7261 7279 206c 6f63 6174 696f emporary locatio\n-0006a2c0: 6e20 666f 7220 7468 6520 636f 6e73 7472 n for the constr\n-0006a2d0: 7563 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 6269 6e61 7279 uction of binary\n-0006a2e0: 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6279 2074 6865 .packages by the\n-0006a2f0: 20e2 8098 6269 6e61 7279 e280 9920 7461 ...binary... ta\n-0006a300: 7267 6574 2e20 2054 6865 2064 6972 6563 rget. The direc\n-0006a310: 746f 7279 20e2 8098 746d 70e2 8099 2073 tory ...tmp... s\n-0006a320: 6572 7665 7320 6173 2074 6865 2072 6f6f erves as the roo\n-0006a330: 740a 6f66 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 7379 t.of the file sy\n-0006a340: 7374 656d 2074 7265 6520 6173 2069 7420 stem tree as it \n-0006a350: 6973 2062 6569 6e67 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 is being constru\n-0006a360: 6374 6564 2028 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c cted (for exampl\n-0006a370: 652c 2062 790a 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 e, by.using the \n-0006a380: 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 7320 7570 7374 package...s upst\n-0006a390: 7265 616d 206d 616b 6566 696c 6573 2069 ream makefiles i\n-0006a3a0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 6172 6765 7473 2061 nstall targets a\n-0006a3b0: 6e64 2072 6564 6972 6563 7469 6e67 0a74 nd redirecting.t\n-0006a3c0: 6865 206f 7574 7075 7420 7468 6572 6529 he output there)\n-0006a3d0: 2c20 616e 6420 6974 2061 6c73 6f20 636f , and it also co\n-0006a3e0: 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 6865 20e2 8098 4445 ntains the ...DE\n-0006a3f0: 4249 414e e280 9920 7375 6264 6972 6563 BIAN... subdirec\n-0006a400: 746f 7279 2e20 2053 6565 0a2a 6e6f 7465 tory. 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(\n-0006b7a0: 6569 7468 6572 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6f72 either in the or\n-0006b7b0: 6967 696e 616c 206f 7220 7468 6520 6d6f iginal or the mo\n-0006b7c0: 6469 6669 6564 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7472 dified source tr\n-0006b7d0: 6565 292e 0a0a 4368 616e 6765 7320 7768 ee)...Changes wh\n-0006b7e0: 6963 6820 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 7265 7072 ich are not repr\n-0006b7f0: 6573 656e 7465 642c 2062 7574 2077 6869 esented, but whi\n-0006b800: 6368 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2064 6574 6563 ch are not detec\n-0006b810: 7465 6420 6279 0ae2 8098 6470 6b67 2d73 ted by....dpkg-s\n-0006b820: 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 2c20 6172 653a 0a0a ource..., are:..\n-0006b830: 2020 202d 2043 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 - Changing th\n-0006b840: 6520 7065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 e permissions of\n-0006b850: 2066 696c 6573 2028 6f74 6865 7220 7468 files (other th\n-0006b860: 616e 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c an ...debian/rul\n-0006b870: 6573 e280 9929 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 es...) and. \n-0006b880: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 732e 0a0a 5468 directories...Th\n-0006b890: 6520 e280 9864 6562 6961 6ee2 8099 2064 e ...debian... d\n-0006b8a0: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 irectory and ...\n-0006b8b0: 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 e280 9920 debian/rules... \n-0006b8c0: 6172 6520 6861 6e64 6c65 6420 7370 6563 are handled spec\n-0006b8d0: 6961 6c6c 7920 6279 0ae2 8098 6470 6b67 ially by....dpkg\n-0006b8e0: 2d73 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 202d 2062 6566 -source... - bef\n-0006b8f0: 6f72 6520 6170 706c 7969 6e67 2074 6865 ore applying the\n-0006b900: 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2069 7420 7769 6c6c changes it will\n-0006b910: 2063 7265 6174 6520 7468 6520 e280 9864 create the ...d\n-0006b920: 6562 6961 6ee2 8099 0a64 6972 6563 746f ebian....directo\n-0006b930: 7279 2c20 616e 6420 6166 7465 7277 6172 ry, and afterwar\n-0006b940: 6473 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 206d 616b 6520 ds it will make \n-0006b950: e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 ...debian/rules.\n-0006b960: 8099 2077 6f72 6c64 2d65 7865 6375 7461 .. world-executa\n-0006b970: 626c 652e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ble... -------\n-0006b980: 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d --- Footnotes --\n-0006b990: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 --------.. 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See *note.B\n-0006e930: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 3a20 inary packages: \n-0006e940: 3163 2e20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 1c. for more inf\n-0006e950: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ormation.....Fil\n-0006e960: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n-0006e970: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4469 .info, Node: Di\n-0006e980: 7665 7273 696f 6e73 202d 206f 7665 7272 versions - overr\n-0006e990: 6964 696e 6720 6120 7061 636b 6167 65e2 iding a package.\n-0006e9a0: 8099 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 ..s version of a\n-0006e9b0: 2066 696c 6520 6672 6f6d 206f 6c64 2050 file from old P\n-0006e9c0: 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 204d 616e 7561 6c2c ackaging Manual,\n-0006e9d0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4465 6269 616e 2050 Next: Debian P\n-0006e9e0: 6f6c 6963 7920 6368 616e 6765 7320 7072 olicy changes pr\n-0006e9f0: 6f63 6573 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 416c ocess, Prev: Al\n-0006ea00: 7465 726e 6174 6976 6520 7665 7273 696f ternative versio\n-0006ea10: 6e73 206f 6620 616e 2069 6e74 6572 6661 ns of an interfa\n-0006ea20: 6365 202d 2075 7064 6174 652d 616c 7465 ce - update-alte\n-0006ea30: 726e 6174 6976 6573 2066 726f 6d20 6f6c rnatives from ol\n-0006ea40: 6420 5061 636b 6167 696e 6720 4d61 6e75 d Packaging Manu\n-0006ea50: 616c 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3138 al, Up: Top..18\n-0006ea60: 2044 6976 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 2d20 6f76 Diversions - ov\n-0006ea70: 6572 7269 6469 6e67 2061 2070 6163 6b61 erriding a packa\n-0006ea80: 6765 e280 9973 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f ge...s version o\n-0006ea90: 6620 6120 6669 6c65 2028 6672 6f6d 206f f a file (from o\n-0006eaa0: 6c64 2050 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 204d 616e ld Packaging Man\n-0006eab0: 7561 6c29 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ual).***********\n-0006eac0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0006ead0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0006eae0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0006eaf0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-0006eb00: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a49 7420 6973 *********..It is\n-0006eb10: 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 746f 2068 6176 possible to hav\n-0006eb20: 6520 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 206e 6f74 e ...dpkg... not\n-0006eb30: 206f 7665 7277 7269 7465 2061 2066 696c overwrite a fil\n-0006eb40: 6520 7768 656e 2069 7420 7265 696e 7374 e when it reinst\n-0006eb50: 616c 6c73 0a74 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 alls.the package\n-0006eb60: 2069 7420 6265 6c6f 6e67 7320 746f 2c20 it belongs to, \n-0006eb70: 616e 6420 746f 2068 6176 6520 6974 2070 and to have it p\n-0006eb80: 7574 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 6672 6f6d ut the file from\n-0006eb90: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a73 6f6d the package.som\n-0006eba0: 6577 6865 7265 2065 6c73 6520 696e 7374 ewhere else inst\n-0006ebb0: 6561 642e 0a0a 5468 6973 2063 616e 2062 ead...This can b\n-0006ebc0: 6520 7573 6564 206c 6f63 616c 6c79 2074 e used locally t\n-0006ebd0: 6f20 6f76 6572 7269 6465 2061 2070 6163 o override a pac\n-0006ebe0: 6b61 6765 e280 9973 2076 6572 7369 6f6e kage...s version\n-0006ebf0: 206f 6620 6120 6669 6c65 2c20 6f72 0a62 of a file, or.b\n-0006ec00: 7920 6f6e 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f y one package to\n-0006ec10: 206f 7665 7272 6964 6520 616e 6f74 6865 override anothe\n-0006ec20: 72e2 8099 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e20 286f r...s version (o\n-0006ec30: 7220 7072 6f76 6964 6520 6120 7772 6170 r provide a wrap\n-0006ec40: 7065 7220 666f 720a 6974 292e 0a0a 4265 per for.it)...Be\n-0006ec50: 666f 7265 2064 6563 6964 696e 6720 746f fore deciding to\n-0006ec60: 2075 7365 2061 2064 6976 6572 7369 6f6e use a diversion\n-0006ec70: 2c20 7265 6164 202a 6e6f 7465 2041 6c74 , read *note Alt\n-0006ec80: 6572 6e61 7469 7665 2076 6572 7369 6f6e ernative version\n-0006ec90: 7320 6f66 0a61 6e20 696e 7465 7266 6163 s of.an interfac\n-0006eca0: 6520 2d20 7570 6461 7465 2d61 6c74 6572 e - update-alter\n-0006ecb0: 6e61 7469 7665 7320 2866 726f 6d20 6f6c natives (from ol\n-0006ecc0: 6420 5061 636b 6167 696e 6720 4d61 6e75 d Packaging Manu\n-0006ecd0: 616c 293a 2031 6535 2e20 746f 0a73 6565 al): 1e5. to.see\n-0006ece0: 2069 6620 796f 7520 7265 616c 6c79 2077 if you really w\n-0006ecf0: 616e 7420 6120 6469 7665 7273 696f 6e20 ant a diversion \n-0006ed00: 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7365 7665 rather than seve\n-0006ed10: 7261 6c20 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 650a ral alternative.\n-0006ed20: 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f 6620 6120 7072 versions of a pr\n-0006ed30: 6f67 7261 6d2e 0a0a 5468 6572 6520 6973 ogram...There is\n-0006ed40: 2061 2064 6976 6572 7369 6f6e 206c 6973 a diversion lis\n-0006ed50: 742c 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 7265 6164 t, which is read\n-0006ed60: 2062 7920 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2c20 by ...dpkg..., \n-0006ed70: 616e 6420 7570 6461 7465 6420 6279 2061 and updated by a\n-0006ed80: 0a73 7065 6369 616c 2070 726f 6772 616d .special program\n-0006ed90: 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d64 6976 6572 74e2 ...dpkg-divert.\n-0006eda0: 8099 2e20 2050 6c65 6173 6520 7365 6520 ... Please see \n-0006edb0: e280 9864 706b 672d 6469 7665 7274 2838 ...dpkg-divert(8\n-0006edc0: 29e2 8099 2066 6f72 2066 756c 6c0a 6465 )... for full.de\n-0006edd0: 7461 696c 7320 6f66 2069 7473 206f 7065 tails of its ope\n-0006ede0: 7261 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a57 6865 6e20 6120 ration...When a \n-0006edf0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7769 7368 6573 2074 package wishes t\n-0006ee00: 6f20 6469 7665 7274 2061 2066 696c 6520 o divert a file \n-0006ee10: 6672 6f6d 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2c20 6974 from another, it\n-0006ee20: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6361 6c6c 0ae2 8098 should call....\n-0006ee30: 6470 6b67 2d64 6976 6572 74e2 8099 2069 dpkg-divert... i\n-0006ee40: 6e20 6974 7320 7072 6569 6e73 7420 746f n its preinst to\n-0006ee50: 2061 6464 2074 6865 2064 6976 6572 7369 add the diversi\n-0006ee60: 6f6e 2061 6e64 2072 656e 616d 6520 7468 on and rename th\n-0006ee70: 650a 6578 6973 7469 6e67 2066 696c 652e e.existing file.\n-0006ee80: 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2073 For example, s\n-0006ee90: 7570 706f 7369 6e67 2074 6861 7420 6120 upposing that a \n-0006eea0: e280 9873 6d61 696c 7772 6170 7065 72e2 ...smailwrapper.\n-0006eeb0: 8099 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a77 6973 6865 .. package.wishe\n-0006eec0: 7320 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2061 2077 s to install a w\n-0006eed0: 7261 7070 6572 2061 726f 756e 6420 e280 rapper around ..\n-0006eee0: 982f 7573 722f 7362 696e 2f73 6d61 696c ./usr/sbin/smail\n-0006eef0: e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2064 706b 672d ...:.. dpkg-\n-0006ef00: 6469 7665 7274 202d 2d70 6163 6b61 6765 divert --package\n-0006ef10: 2073 6d61 696c 7772 6170 7065 7220 2d2d smailwrapper --\n-0006ef20: 6164 6420 2d2d 7265 6e61 6d65 205c 0a20 add --rename \\. \n-0006ef30: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2d2d 6469 7665 7274 --divert\n-0006ef40: 202f 7573 722f 7362 696e 2f73 6d61 696c /usr/sbin/smail\n-0006ef50: 2e72 6561 6c20 2f75 7372 2f73 6269 6e2f .real /usr/sbin/\n-0006ef60: 736d 6169 6c0a 0a54 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d smail..The ...--\n-0006ef70: 7061 636b 6167 6520 736d 6169 6c77 7261 package smailwra\n-0006ef80: 7070 6572 e280 9920 656e 7375 7265 7320 pper... ensures \n-0006ef90: 7468 6174 20e2 8098 736d 6169 6c77 7261 that ...smailwra\n-0006efa0: 7070 6572 e280 99e2 8099 7320 636f 7079 pper......s copy\n-0006efb0: 206f 660a e280 982f 7573 722f 7362 696e of..../usr/sbin\n-0006efc0: 2f73 6d61 696c e280 9920 6361 6e20 6279 /smail... can by\n-0006efd0: 7061 7373 2074 6865 2064 6976 6572 7369 pass the diversi\n-0006efe0: 6f6e 2061 6e64 2067 6574 2069 6e73 7461 on and get insta\n-0006eff0: 6c6c 6564 2061 7320 7468 6520 7472 7565 lled as the true\n-0006f000: 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e 2e20 2049 74e2 8099 .version. It...\n-0006f010: 7320 7361 6665 2074 6f20 6164 6420 7468 s safe to add th\n-0006f020: 6520 6469 7665 7273 696f 6e20 756e 636f e diversion unco\n-0006f030: 6e64 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 6f6e 2075 nditionally on u\n-0006f040: 7067 7261 6465 730a 7369 6e63 6520 6974 pgrades.since it\n-0006f050: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 206c 6566 7420 756e will be left un\n-0006f060: 6368 616e 6765 6420 6966 2069 7420 616c changed if it al\n-0006f070: 7265 6164 7920 6578 6973 7473 2c20 6275 ready exists, bu\n-0006f080: 7420 e280 9864 706b 672d 6469 7665 7274 t ...dpkg-divert\n-0006f090: e280 990a 7769 6c6c 2064 6973 706c 6179 ....will display\n-0006f0a0: 2061 206d 6573 7361 6765 2e20 2054 6f20 a message. To \n-0006f0b0: 7375 7070 7265 7373 2074 6861 7420 6d65 suppress that me\n-0006f0c0: 7373 6167 652c 206d 616b 6520 7468 6520 ssage, make the \n-0006f0d0: 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 636f 6e64 6974 696f command.conditio\n-0006f0e0: 6e61 6c20 6f6e 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 nal on the versi\n-0006f0f0: 6f6e 2066 726f 6d20 7768 6963 6820 7468 on from which th\n-0006f100: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2062 6569 e package is bei\n-0006f110: 6e67 2075 7067 7261 6465 643a 0a0a 2020 ng upgraded:.. \n-0006f120: 2020 2069 6620 5b20 7570 6772 6164 6520 if [ upgrade \n-0006f130: 213d 2022 2431 2220 5d20 7c7c 2064 706b != \"$1\" ] || dpk\n-0006f140: 6720 2d2d 636f 6d70 6172 652d 7665 7273 g --compare-vers\n-0006f150: 696f 6e73 2022 2432 2220 6c74 2031 2e30 ions \"$2\" lt 1.0\n-0006f160: 2d32 3b20 7468 656e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 -2; then. \n-0006f170: 2020 6470 6b67 2d64 6976 6572 7420 2d2d dpkg-divert --\n-0006f180: 7061 636b 6167 6520 736d 6169 6c77 7261 package smailwra\n-0006f190: 7070 6572 202d 2d61 6464 202d 2d72 656e pper --add --ren\n-0006f1a0: 616d 6520 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ame \\. \n-0006f1b0: 2020 202d 2d64 6976 6572 7420 2f75 7372 --divert /usr\n-0006f1c0: 2f73 6269 6e2f 736d 6169 6c2e 7265 616c /sbin/smail.real\n-0006f1d0: 202f 7573 722f 7362 696e 2f73 6d61 696c /usr/sbin/smail\n-0006f1e0: 0a20 2020 2020 6669 0a0a 7768 6572 6520 . fi..where \n-0006f1f0: e280 9831 2e30 2d32 e280 9920 6973 2074 ...1.0-2... is t\n-0006f200: 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2061 7420 7768 he version at wh\n-0006f210: 6963 6820 7468 6520 6469 7665 7273 696f ich the diversio\n-0006f220: 6e20 7761 7320 6669 7273 7420 6164 6465 n was first adde\n-0006f230: 6420 746f 0a74 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 d to.the package\n-0006f240: 2e20 2052 756e 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 2063 . 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when using \n-0006f6e0: e280 9864 706b 672d 6469 7665 7274 e280 ...dpkg-divert..\n-0006f6f0: 9920 7468 6572 6520 6973 2061 2074 696d . there is a tim\n-0006f700: 652c 2061 6674 6572 2069 740a 6861 7320 e, after it.has \n-0006f710: 6265 656e 2064 6976 6572 7465 6420 6275 been diverted bu\n-0006f720: 7420 6265 666f 7265 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 t before ...dpkg\n-0006f730: e280 9920 6861 7320 696e 7374 616c 6c65 ... has installe\n-0006f740: 6420 7468 6520 6e65 7720 7665 7273 696f d the new versio\n-0006f750: 6e2c 2077 6865 6e0a 7468 6520 6669 6c65 n, when.the file\n-0006f760: 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6578 6973 742e does not exist.\n-0006f770: 0a0a 446f 206e 6f74 2061 7474 656d 7074 ..Do not attempt\n-0006f780: 2074 6f20 6469 7665 7274 2061 2063 6f6e to divert a con\n-0006f790: 6666 696c 652c 2061 7320 e280 9864 706b ffile, as ...dpk\n-0006f7a0: 67e2 8099 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6861 g... does not ha\n-0006f7b0: 6e64 6c65 2069 7420 7765 6c6c 2e0a 0a44 ndle it well...D\n-0006f7c0: 6f20 6e6f 7420 7573 6520 6469 7665 7273 o not use divers\n-0006f7d0: 696f 6e73 2066 6f72 2066 696c 6573 2074 ions for files t\n-0006f7e0: 6861 7420 6861 7665 2074 6865 6972 206f hat have their o\n-0006f7f0: 776e 206e 6174 6976 6520 6f76 6572 7269 wn native overri\n-0006f800: 6465 0a6d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 732c 2073 de.mechanisms, s\n-0006f810: 7563 6820 6173 20e2 8098 7379 7374 656d uch as ...system\n-0006f820: 64e2 8099 2075 6e69 7420 6669 6c65 732e d... unit files.\n-0006f830: 2020 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 4269 6e61 See *note Bina\n-0006f840: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 733a 0a31 632e ry packages:.1c.\n-0006f850: 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d for more inform\n-0006f860: 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ation.....File: \n-0006f870: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n-0006f880: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2044 6562 6961 fo, Node: Debia\n-0006f890: 6e20 506f 6c69 6379 2063 6861 6e67 6573 n Policy changes\n-0006f8a0: 2070 726f 6365 7373 2c20 204e 6578 743a process, Next:\n-0006f8b0: 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 Maintainer scri\n-0006f8c0: 7074 2066 6c6f 7763 6861 7274 732c 2020 pt flowcharts, \n-0006f8d0: 5072 6576 3a20 4469 7665 7273 696f 6e73 Prev: Diversions\n-0006f8e0: 202d 206f 7665 7272 6964 696e 6720 6120 - 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In 2017, Sea\n-0006fb80: 6e20 5768 6974 746f 6e0a 6465 7072 6563 n Whitton.deprec\n-0006fb90: 6174 6564 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6973 7375 ated the ...issu\n-0006fba0: 65e2 8099 2075 7365 7274 6167 2061 6e64 e... usertag and\n-0006fbb0: 2061 6464 6564 2075 7365 206f 6620 7468 added use of th\n-0006fbc0: 6520 e280 986d 6f72 6569 6e66 6fe2 8099 e ...moreinfo...\n-0006fbd0: 2074 6167 2c0a 6166 7465 7220 6469 7363 tag,.after disc\n-0006fbe0: 7573 7369 6f6e 7320 6174 2044 6562 436f ussions at DebCo\n-0006fbf0: 6e66 3137 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 nf17.....File: d\n-0006fc00: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 ebian-policy.inf\n-0006fc10: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4368 616e 6765 o, Node: Change\n-0006fc20: 2047 6f61 6c73 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2043 Goals, Next: C\n-0006fc30: 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 6365 7373 2c20 urrent Process, \n-0006fc40: 2050 7265 763a 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 Prev: Introduct\n-0006fc50: 696f 6e3c 333e 2c20 2055 703a 2044 6562 ion<3>, Up: Deb\n-0006fc60: 6961 6e20 506f 6c69 6379 2063 6861 6e67 ian Policy chang\n-0006fc70: 6573 2070 726f 6365 7373 0a0a 3139 2e32 es process..19.2\n-0006fc80: 2043 6861 6e67 6520 476f 616c 730a 3d3d Change Goals.==\n-0006fc90: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n-0006fca0: 0a20 2020 2d20 5468 6520 6368 616e 6765 . - The change\n-0006fcb0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2074 6563 686e should be techn\n-0006fcc0: 6963 616c 6c79 2063 6f72 7265 6374 2c20 ically correct, \n-0006fcd0: 616e 6420 636f 6e73 6973 7465 6e74 2077 and consistent w\n-0006fce0: 6974 6820 7468 650a 2020 2020 2072 6573 ith the. res\n-0006fcf0: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 t of the policy \n-0006fd00: 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2e20 2054 6869 7320 document. 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Except\n-0006fe50: 696f 6e73 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2072 ions should be r\n-0006fe60: 6172 6520 286f 6e6c 7920 6966 2074 6865 are (only if the\n-0006fe70: 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2073 7461 7465 2069 current state i\n-0006fe80: 730a 2020 2020 2072 6561 6c6c 7920 756e s. really un\n-0006fe90: 7465 6e61 626c 6529 2c20 616e 6420 7072 tenable), and pr\n-0006fea0: 6f62 6162 6c79 2062 6c65 7373 6564 2062 obably blessed b\n-0006feb0: 7920 7468 6520 5443 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 y the TC... - \n-0006fec0: 5468 6520 6368 616e 6765 2068 6173 2074 The change has t\n-0006fed0: 6f20 6265 2072 6576 6965 7765 6420 696e o be reviewed in\n-0006fee0: 2064 6570 7468 2c20 696e 2074 6865 206f depth, in the o\n-0006fef0: 7065 6e2c 2077 6865 7265 2061 6e79 206f pen, where any o\n-0006ff00: 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 7920 636f 6e74 ne. may cont\n-0006ff10: 7269 6275 7465 3b20 6120 7075 626c 6963 ribute; a public\n-0006ff20: 6c79 2061 6363 6573 7369 626c 652c 2061 ly accessible, a\n-0006ff30: 7263 6869 7665 642c 206f 7065 6e20 6d61 rchived, open ma\n-0006ff40: 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 2e0a 0a20 2020 iling list... \n-0006ff50: 2d20 5072 6f70 6f73 616c 2073 686f 756c - Proposal shoul\n-0006ff60: 6420 6265 2061 6464 7265 7373 6564 2069 d be addressed i\n-0006ff70: 6e20 6120 7469 6d65 6c79 2066 6173 6869 n a timely fashi\n-0006ff80: 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 416e 7920 646f on... - Any do\n-0006ff90: 6d61 696e 2065 7870 6572 7473 2073 686f main experts sho\n-0006ffa0: 756c 6420 6265 2063 6f6e 7375 6c74 6564 uld be consulted\n-0006ffb0: 2c20 7369 6e63 6520 6e6f 7420 6576 6572 , since not ever\n-0006ffc0: 7920 706f 6c69 6379 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 y policy. ma\n-0006ffd0: 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 2073 7562 7363 iling list subsc\n-0006ffe0: 7269 6265 7220 6973 2061 6e20 6578 7065 riber is an expe\n-0006fff0: 7274 206f 6e20 6576 6572 7974 6869 6e67 rt on everything\n-00070000: 2c20 696e 636c 7564 696e 670a 2020 2020 , including. \n-00070010: 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 6d61 696e 7461 696e policy maintain\n-00070020: 6572 732e 0a0a 2020 202d 2054 6865 2067 ers... - The g\n-00070030: 6f61 6c20 6973 2072 6f75 6768 2063 6f6e oal is rough con\n-00070040: 7365 6e73 7573 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6368 sensus on the ch\n-00070050: 616e 6765 2c20 7768 6963 6820 7368 6f75 ange, which shou\n-00070060: 6c64 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6861 7264 0a20 ld not be hard. \n-00070070: 2020 2020 6966 2074 6865 206d 6174 7465 if the matte\n-00070080: 7220 6973 2074 6563 686e 6963 616c 2e20 r is technical. \n-00070090: 2054 6563 686e 6963 616c 2069 7373 7565 Technical issue\n-000700a0: 7320 7768 6572 6520 7468 6572 6520 6973 s where there is\n-000700b0: 206e 6f0a 2020 2020 2061 6772 6565 6d65 no. agreeme\n-000700c0: 6e74 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2072 6566 nt should be ref\n-000700d0: 6572 7265 6420 746f 2074 6865 2054 433b erred to the TC;\n-000700e0: 206e 6f6e 2d74 6563 686e 6963 616c 2069 non-technical i\n-000700f0: 7373 7565 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 0a20 2020 ssues should. \n-00070100: 2020 6265 2072 6566 6572 7265 6420 746f be referred to\n-00070110: 2074 6865 2077 686f 6c65 2064 6576 656c the whole devel\n-00070120: 6f70 6572 2062 6f64 792c 2061 6e64 2070 oper body, and p\n-00070130: 6572 6861 7073 2067 656e 6572 616c 0a20 erhaps general. \n-00070140: 2020 2020 7265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 7320 resolutions \n-00070150: 6c69 6520 646f 776e 2074 6861 7420 7061 lie down that pa\n-00070160: 7468 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 5061 636b 6167 th... - Packag\n-00070170: 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 7768 e maintainers wh\n-00070180: 6f73 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 206d 6179 ose packages may\n-00070190: 2062 6520 696d 7061 6374 6564 2073 686f be impacted sho\n-000701a0: 756c 6420 6861 7665 0a20 2020 2020 6163 uld have. ac\n-000701b0: 6365 7373 2074 6f20 706f 6c69 6379 2063 cess to policy c\n-000701c0: 6861 6e67 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 732c hange proposals,\n-000701d0: 2065 7665 6e20 6966 2074 6865 7920 646f even if they do\n-000701e0: 206e 6f74 2073 7562 7363 7269 6265 2074 not subscribe t\n-000701f0: 6f0a 2020 2020 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 6d61 o. policy ma\n-00070200: 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 7320 2870 6f6c iling lists (pol\n-00070210: 6963 7920 6761 7a65 7474 653f 292e 0a0a icy gazette?)...\n-00070220: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n-00070230: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n-00070240: 653a 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 6365 e: Current Proce\n-00070250: 7373 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204f 7468 6572 ss, Next: Other\n-00070260: 2054 6167 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4368 Tags, Prev: Ch\n-00070270: 616e 6765 2047 6f61 6c73 2c20 2055 703a ange Goals, Up:\n-00070280: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 506f 6c69 6379 2063 Debian Policy c\n-00070290: 6861 6e67 6573 2070 726f 6365 7373 0a0a hanges process..\n-000702a0: 3139 2e33 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 19.3 Current Pro\n-000702b0: 6365 7373 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d cess.===========\n-000702c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a45 6163 6820 =========..Each \n-000702d0: 7375 6767 6573 7465 6420 6368 616e 6765 suggested change\n-000702e0: 2067 6f65 7320 7468 726f 7567 6820 6469 goes through di\n-000702f0: 6666 6572 656e 7420 7374 6174 6573 2e20 fferent states. \n-00070300: 2054 6865 7365 2073 7461 7465 7320 6172 These states ar\n-00070310: 650a 6465 6e6f 7465 6420 7468 726f 7567 e.denoted throug\n-00070320: 6820 6569 7468 6572 2075 7365 7274 6167 h either usertag\n-00070330: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 0a3c 6465 6269 616e s of the. use\n-00070360: 7220 6f72 2c20 666f 7220 e280 986d 6f72 r or, for ...mor\n-00070370: 6569 6e66 6fe2 8099 2c20 e280 9870 6174 einfo..., ...pat\n-00070380: 6368 e280 992c 0ae2 8098 7065 6e64 696e ch...,....pendin\n-00070390: 67e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9877 6f6e g..., and ...won\n-000703a0: 7466 6978 e280 992c 2072 6567 756c 6172 tfix..., regular\n-000703b0: 2074 6167 732e 0a0a 4375 7272 656e 7420 tags...Current \n-000703c0: 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6275 6773 2831 290a list of bugs(1).\n-000703d0: 0a54 6865 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 6465 6c65 .The Policy dele\n-000703e0: 6761 7465 7320 6172 6520 7265 7370 6f6e gates are respon\n-000703f0: 7369 626c 6520 666f 7220 6d61 6e61 6769 sible for managi\n-00070400: 6e67 2074 6865 2074 6167 7320 6f6e 2062 ng the tags on b\n-00070410: 7567 7320 616e 640a 7769 6c6c 2075 7064 ugs and.will upd\n-00070420: 6174 6520 7461 6773 2061 7320 6e65 7720 ate tags as new \n-00070430: 6275 6773 2061 7265 2073 7562 6d69 7474 bugs are submitt\n-00070440: 6564 206f 7220 6173 2061 6374 6976 6974 ed or as activit\n-00070450: 7920 6861 7070 656e 7320 6f6e 0a62 7567 y happens on.bug\n-00070460: 732e 2020 416c 6c20 4465 6269 616e 2044 s. All Debian D\n-00070470: 6576 656c 6f70 6572 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 evelopers should\n-00070480: 2066 6565 6c20 6672 6565 2074 6f20 6164 feel free to ad\n-00070490: 6420 7468 6520 7365 636f 6e64 6564 2074 d the seconded t\n-000704a0: 6167 2061 730a 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 ag as.described \n-000704b0: 6265 6c6f 772e 2020 4f74 6865 7220 7461 below. Other ta\n-000704c0: 6773 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2063 6861 gs should be cha\n-000704d0: 6e67 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 636f nged with the co\n-000704e0: 6f72 6469 6e61 7469 6f6e 206f 660a 7468 ordination of.th\n-000704f0: 6520 506f 6c69 6379 2054 6561 6d2e 0a0a e Policy Team...\n-00070500: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2053 7461 7465 * Menu:..* State\n-00070510: 2041 3b20 4d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 A; More informa\n-00070520: 7469 6f6e 2072 6571 7569 7265 643a 2053 tion required: S\n-00070530: 7461 7465 2041 204d 6f72 6520 696e 666f tate A More info\n-00070540: 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7265 7175 6972 6564 rmation required\n-00070550: 2e0a 2a20 5374 6174 6520 423b 2044 6973 ..* State B; Dis\n-00070560: 6375 7373 696f 6e3a 2053 7461 7465 2042 cussion: State B\n-00070570: 2044 6973 6375 7373 696f 6e2e 0a2a 2053 Discussion..* S\n-00070580: 7461 7465 2043 3b20 5072 6f70 6f73 616c tate C; Proposal\n-00070590: 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4320 5072 6f70 6f73 : State C Propos\n-000705a0: 616c 2e0a 2a20 5374 6174 6520 443b 2057 al..* State D; W\n-000705b0: 6f72 6469 6e67 2070 726f 706f 7365 643a ording proposed:\n-000705c0: 2053 7461 7465 2044 2057 6f72 6469 6e67 State D Wording\n-000705d0: 2070 726f 706f 7365 642e 0a2a 2053 7461 proposed..* Sta\n-000705e0: 7465 2045 3b20 5365 636f 6e64 6564 3a20 te E; Seconded: \n-000705f0: 5374 6174 6520 4520 5365 636f 6e64 6564 State E Seconded\n-00070600: 2e0a 2a20 5374 6174 6520 463b 2041 6363 ..* State F; Acc\n-00070610: 6570 7465 643a 2053 7461 7465 2046 2041 epted: State F A\n-00070620: 6363 6570 7465 642e 0a2a 2053 7461 7465 ccepted..* State\n-00070630: 2047 3b20 5265 6a65 6374 3a20 5374 6174 G; Reject: Stat\n-00070640: 6520 4720 5265 6a65 6374 2e0a 0a20 2020 e G Reject... \n-00070650: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e ---------- Footn\n-00070660: 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a otes ----------.\n-00070670: 0a20 2020 2831 2920 0a68 7474 7073 3a2f . (1) .https:/\n-00070680: 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 616e 2e6f 7267 /bugs.debian.org\n-00070690: 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 6b67 7265 706f /cgi-bin/pkgrepo\n-000706a0: 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 3d64 6562 6961 rt.cgi?src=debia\n-000706b0: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 656e 642d 6578 n-policy&pend-ex\n-000706c0: 633d 646f 6e65 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 c=done....File: \n-000706d0: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n-000706e0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 7461 7465 fo, Node: State\n-000706f0: 2041 204d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 A More informat\n-00070700: 696f 6e20 7265 7175 6972 6564 2c20 204e ion required, N\n-00070710: 6578 743a 2053 7461 7465 2042 2044 6973 ext: State B Dis\n-00070720: 6375 7373 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 4375 cussion, Up: Cu\n-00070730: 7272 656e 7420 5072 6f63 6573 730a 0a31 rrent Process..1\n-00070740: 392e 332e 3120 5374 6174 6520 413a 204d 9.3.1 State A: M\n-00070750: 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 ore information \n-00070760: 7265 7175 6972 6564 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d required.-------\n-00070770: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00070780: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00070790: 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 506f 6c69 6379 2064 --..The Policy d\n-000707a0: 656c 6567 6174 6573 2061 7265 2075 6e61 elegates are una\n-000707b0: 626c 6520 746f 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 ble to determine\n-000707c0: 2077 6865 7468 6572 2074 6865 2062 7567 whether the bug\n-000707d0: 2069 7320 7265 616c 6c79 2061 0a50 6f6c is really a.Pol\n-000707e0: 6963 7920 6d61 7474 6572 2c20 6f72 206a icy matter, or j\n-000707f0: 7564 6765 2074 6861 7420 7468 6572 6520 udge that there \n-00070800: 6172 6520 6d69 7373 696e 6720 6465 7461 are missing deta\n-00070810: 696c 7320 7468 6174 2077 6f75 6c64 0a70 ils that would.p\n-00070820: 7265 7665 6e74 2061 2066 7275 6974 6675 revent a fruitfu\n-00070830: 6c20 6469 7363 7573 7369 6f6e 2028 616e l discussion (an\n-00070840: 6420 6d61 7920 7265 7375 6c74 2069 6e20 d may result in \n-00070850: 6120 636f 6e66 7573 6564 2061 6e64 0a75 a confused and.u\n-00070860: 6e68 656c 7066 756c 2064 6973 6375 7373 nhelpful discuss\n-00070870: 696f 6e29 2e0a 0a50 6f6c 6963 7920 6465 ion)...Policy de\n-00070880: 6c65 6761 7465 7320 6173 6b20 7468 6520 legates ask the \n-00070890: 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2073 7562 6d69 7474 original submitt\n-000708a0: 6572 2074 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6520 7468 er to provide th\n-000708b0: 6520 6d69 7373 696e 670a 6465 7461 696c e missing.detail\n-000708c0: 732e 2020 4f74 6865 7273 2061 7265 2061 s. Others are a\n-000708d0: 736b 6564 2074 6f20 7265 6672 6169 6e20 sked to refrain \n-000708e0: 6672 6f6d 2064 6973 6375 7373 696e 6720 from discussing \n-000708f0: 7768 6174 6576 6572 2074 6865 7920 7461 whatever they ta\n-00070900: 6b65 0a74 6865 2069 7373 7565 2074 6f20 ke.the issue to \n-00070910: 6265 2c20 6c69 6d69 7469 6e67 2074 6865 be, limiting the\n-00070920: 6972 2070 6f73 7469 6e67 7320 746f 2061 ir postings to a\n-00070930: 7474 656d 7074 7320 746f 2073 7570 706c ttempts to suppl\n-00070940: 7920 7468 650a 6d69 7373 696e 6720 6465 y the.missing de\n-00070950: 7461 696c 732e 0a0a 5441 473a 206d 6f72 tails...TAG: mor\n-00070960: 6569 6e66 6f28 3129 0a0a 5768 6174 206e einfo(1)..What n\n-00070970: 6565 6473 2074 6f20 6861 7070 656e 206e eeds to happen n\n-00070980: 6578 743a 2053 7562 6d69 7474 6572 2028 ext: Submitter (\n-00070990: 6f72 2073 6f6d 656f 6e65 2065 6c73 6529 or someone else)\n-000709a0: 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 7468 650a 7265 provides the.re\n-000709b0: 7175 6573 7465 6420 696e 666f 726d 6174 quested informat\n-000709c0: 696f 6e20 7769 7468 696e 2033 3020 6461 ion within 30 da\n-000709d0: 7973 2c20 6f72 2074 6865 2062 7567 2069 ys, or the bug i\n-000709e0: 7320 636c 6f73 6564 2e0a 0a54 6865 206d s closed...The m\n-000709f0: 616a 6f72 6974 7920 6f66 2062 7567 7320 ajority of bugs \n-00070a00: 7769 6c6c 2073 6b69 7020 7468 6973 2073 will skip this s\n-00070a10: 7461 6765 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tage... ------\n-00070a20: 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d ---- Footnotes -\n-00070a30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 ---------.. (1\n-00070a40: 2920 0a68 7474 7073 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e ) .https://bugs.\n-00070a50: 6465 6269 616e 2e6f 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 debian.org/cgi-b\n-00070a60: 696e 2f70 6b67 7265 706f 7274 2e63 6769 in/pkgreport.cgi\n-00070a70: 3f73 7263 3d64 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ?src=debian-poli\n-00070a80: 6379 2670 656e 642d 6578 633d 646f 6e65 cy&pend-exc=done\n-00070a90: 2674 6167 3d6d 6f72 6569 6e66 6f0a 0a1f &tag=moreinfo...\n-00070aa0: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n-00070ab0: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n-00070ac0: 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4220 4469 7363 7573 : State B Discus\n-00070ad0: 7369 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 7461 sion, Next: Sta\n-00070ae0: 7465 2043 2050 726f 706f 7361 6c2c 2020 te C Proposal, \n-00070af0: 5072 6576 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4120 4d6f Prev: State A Mo\n-00070b00: 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2072 re information r\n-00070b10: 6571 7569 7265 642c 2020 5570 3a20 4375 equired, Up: Cu\n-00070b20: 7272 656e 7420 5072 6f63 6573 730a 0a31 rrent Process..1\n-00070b30: 392e 332e 3220 5374 6174 6520 423a 2044 9.3.2 State B: D\n-00070b40: 6973 6375 7373 696f 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d iscussion.------\n-00070b50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00070b60: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4469 7363 7573 7320 7265 ----..Discuss re\n-00070b70: 6d65 6479 2e20 2041 6c74 6572 6e61 7465 medy. Alternate\n-00070b80: 2070 726f 706f 7361 6c73 2e20 2044 6973 proposals. Dis\n-00070b90: 6375 7373 696f 6e20 6775 6964 6564 2062 cussion guided b\n-00070ba0: 7920 6465 6c65 6761 7465 732e 0a54 6865 y delegates..The\n-00070bb0: 7265 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 2063 re should be a c\n-00070bc0: 6c65 6172 2074 696d 6520 6c69 6d69 7420 lear time limit \n-00070bd0: 746f 2074 6869 7320 7374 6167 652c 2062 to this stage, b\n-00070be0: 7574 2061 7320 7965 7420 7765 2068 6176 ut as yet we hav\n-00070bf0: 6520 6e6f 740a 7365 7420 6f6e 652e 0a0a e not.set one...\n-00070c00: 5441 473a 2064 6973 6375 7373 696f 6e28 TAG: discussion(\n-00070c10: 3129 0a0a 5768 6174 206e 6565 6473 2074 1)..What needs t\n-00070c20: 6f20 6861 7070 656e 206e 6578 743a 2052 o happen next: R\n-00070c30: 6561 6368 2061 2063 6f6e 636c 7573 696f each a conclusio\n-00070c40: 6e20 616e 6420 636f 6e73 656e 7375 7320 n and consensus \n-00070c50: 696e 2074 6865 0a64 6973 6375 7373 696f in the.discussio\n-00070c60: 6e20 616e 6420 6d61 6b65 2061 2066 696e n and make a fin\n-00070c70: 616c 2070 726f 706f 7361 6c20 666f 7220 al proposal for \n-00070c80: 7768 6174 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2063 what should be c\n-00070c90: 6861 6e67 6564 2028 6966 0a61 6e79 7468 hanged (if.anyth\n-00070ca0: 696e 6729 2c20 6d6f 7669 6e67 2074 6f20 ing), moving to \n-00070cb0: 7468 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 2074 6167 the proposal tag\n-00070cc0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ... ----------\n-00070cd0: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n-00070ce0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 0a68 -----.. (1) .h\n-00070cf0: 7474 7073 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 ttps://bugs.debi\n-00070d00: 616e 2e6f 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 an.org/cgi-bin/p\n-00070d10: 6b67 7265 706f 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 kgreport.cgi?src\n-00070d20: 3d64 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 =debian-policy&p\n-00070d30: 656e 642d 6578 633d 646f 6e65 2674 6167 end-exc=done&tag\n-00070d40: 3d64 6973 6375 7373 696f 6e0a 0a1f 0a46 =discussion....F\n-00070d50: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-00070d60: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-00070d70: 5374 6174 6520 4320 5072 6f70 6f73 616c State C Proposal\n-00070d80: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 7461 7465 2044 , Next: State D\n-00070d90: 2057 6f72 6469 6e67 2070 726f 706f 7365 Wording propose\n-00070da0: 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5374 6174 6520 d, Prev: State \n-00070db0: 4220 4469 7363 7573 7369 6f6e 2c20 2055 B Discussion, U\n-00070dc0: 703a 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 6365 p: Current Proce\n-00070dd0: 7373 0a0a 3139 2e33 2e33 2053 7461 7465 ss..19.3.3 State\n-00070de0: 2043 3a20 5072 6f70 6f73 616c 0a2d 2d2d C: Proposal.---\n-00070df0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00070e00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a41 2066 696e 616c 2070 -----..A final p\n-00070e10: 726f 706f 7361 6c20 6861 7320 656d 6572 roposal has emer\n-00070e20: 6765 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2064 6973 ged from the dis\n-00070e30: 6375 7373 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 cussion, and the\n-00070e40: 7265 2069 7320 6120 726f 7567 680a 636f re is a rough.co\n-00070e50: 6e73 656e 7375 7320 6f6e 2068 6f77 2074 nsensus on how t\n-00070e60: 6f20 7072 6f63 6565 6420 746f 2072 6573 o proceed to res\n-00070e70: 6f6c 7665 2074 6865 2069 7373 7565 2e0a olve the issue..\n-00070e80: 0a54 4147 3a20 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 2831 .TAG: proposal(1\n-00070e90: 290a 0a57 6861 7420 6e65 6564 7320 746f )..What needs to\n-00070ea0: 2068 6170 7065 6e20 6e65 7874 3a20 5072 happen next: Pr\n-00070eb0: 6f76 6964 6564 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 ovided that the \n-00070ec0: 726f 7567 6820 636f 6e73 656e 7375 7320 rough consensus \n-00070ed0: 7065 7273 6973 7473 2c0a 6465 7665 6c6f persists,.develo\n-00070ee0: 7020 6120 7061 7463 6820 6167 6169 6e73 p a patch agains\n-00070ef0: 7420 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 506f t the current Po\n-00070f00: 6c69 6379 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 7769 licy document wi\n-00070f10: 7468 2073 7065 6369 6669 630a 776f 7264 th specific.word\n-00070f20: 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6861 6e67 ing of the chang\n-00070f30: 652e 2020 4f66 7465 6e20 7468 6973 2069 e. Often this i\n-00070f40: 7320 646f 6e65 2069 6e20 636f 6e6a 756e s done in conjun\n-00070f50: 6374 696f 6e20 7769 7468 2074 6865 0a70 ction with the.p\n-00070f60: 726f 706f 7361 6c2c 2069 6e20 7768 6963 roposal, in whic\n-00070f70: 6820 6361 7365 206f 6e65 206d 6179 2073 h case one may s\n-00070f80: 6b69 7020 7468 6973 2073 7465 7020 616e kip this step an\n-00070f90: 6420 6d6f 7665 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 d move directly \n-00070fa0: 746f 0a70 6174 6368 2074 6167 2e0a 0a20 to.patch tag... \n-00070fb0: 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f ---------- Foo\n-00070fc0: 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tnotes ---------\n-00070fd0: 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 0a68 7474 7073 -.. (1) .https\n-00070fe0: 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 616e 2e6f ://bugs.debian.o\n-00070ff0: 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 6b67 7265 rg/cgi-bin/pkgre\n-00071000: 706f 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 3d64 6562 port.cgi?src=deb\n-00071010: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 656e 642d ian-policy&pend-\n-00071020: 6578 633d 646f 6e65 2674 6167 3d70 726f exc=done&tag=pro\n-00071030: 706f 7361 6c0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 posal....File: d\n-00071040: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 ebian-policy.inf\n-00071050: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5374 6174 6520 o, Node: State \n-00071060: 4420 576f 7264 696e 6720 7072 6f70 6f73 D Wording propos\n-00071070: 6564 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 7461 7465 ed, Next: State\n-00071080: 2045 2053 6563 6f6e 6465 642c 2020 5072 E Seconded, Pr\n-00071090: 6576 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4320 5072 6f70 ev: State C Prop\n-000710a0: 6f73 616c 2c20 2055 703a 2043 7572 7265 osal, Up: Curre\n-000710b0: 6e74 2050 726f 6365 7373 0a0a 3139 2e33 nt Process..19.3\n-000710c0: 2e34 2053 7461 7465 2044 3a20 576f 7264 .4 State D: Word\n-000710d0: 696e 6720 7072 6f70 6f73 6564 0a2d 2d2d ing proposed.---\n-000710e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-000710f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a41 -------------..A\n-00071100: 2070 6174 6368 2061 6761 696e 7374 2074 patch against t\n-00071110: 6865 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 646f 6375 6d65 he Policy docume\n-00071120: 6e74 2072 6566 6c65 6374 696e 6720 7468 nt reflecting th\n-00071130: 6520 636f 6e73 656e 7375 7320 6861 7320 e consensus has \n-00071140: 6265 656e 0a63 7265 6174 6564 2061 6e64 been.created and\n-00071150: 2069 7320 7761 6974 696e 6720 666f 7220 is waiting for \n-00071160: 666f 726d 616c 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2e20 formal seconds. \n-00071170: 2054 6865 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 7061 The standard pa\n-00071180: 7463 6820 7461 6720 6973 0a75 7365 6420 tch tag is.used \n-00071190: 666f 7220 7468 6973 2073 7461 7465 2c20 for this state, \n-000711a0: 7369 6e63 6520 6974 e280 9973 2065 7373 since it...s ess\n-000711b0: 656e 7469 616c 6c79 2065 7175 6976 616c entially equival\n-000711c0: 656e 7420 746f 2074 6865 2073 7461 6e64 ent to the stand\n-000711d0: 6172 640a 6d65 616e 696e 6720 6f66 2074 ard.meaning of t\n-000711e0: 6861 7420 7461 672e 0a0a 5441 473a 2070 hat tag...TAG: p\n-000711f0: 6174 6368 2831 290a 0a57 6861 7420 6e65 atch(1)..What ne\n-00071200: 6564 7320 746f 2068 6170 7065 6e20 6e65 eds to happen ne\n-00071210: 7874 3a20 5468 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c xt: The proposal\n-00071220: 206e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 6265 2072 6576 needs to be rev\n-00071230: 6965 7765 6420 616e 640a 7365 636f 6e64 iewed and.second\n-00071240: 6564 2e20 2041 6e79 2044 6562 6961 6e20 ed. Any Debian \n-00071250: 6465 7665 6c6f 7065 7220 7768 6f20 6167 developer who ag\n-00071260: 7265 6573 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6368 rees with the ch\n-00071270: 616e 6765 2061 6e64 2074 6865 0a63 6f6e ange and the.con\n-00071280: 636c 7573 696f 6e20 6f66 2072 6f75 6768 clusion of rough\n-00071290: 2063 6f6e 7365 6e73 7573 2066 726f 6d20 consensus from \n-000712a0: 7468 6520 6469 7363 7573 7369 6f6e 2073 the discussion s\n-000712b0: 686f 756c 6420 7361 7920 736f 2069 6e20 hould say so in \n-000712c0: 7468 650a 6275 6720 6c6f 6720 6279 2073 the.bug log by s\n-000712d0: 6563 6f6e 6469 6e67 2074 6865 2070 726f econding the pro\n-000712e0: 706f 7361 6c2e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d posal... -----\n-000712f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n-00071300: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n-00071310: 3129 200a 6874 7470 733a 2f2f 6275 6773 1) .https://bugs\n-00071320: 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 6367 692d .debian.org/cgi-\n-00071330: 6269 6e2f 706b 6772 6570 6f72 742e 6367 bin/pkgreport.cg\n-00071340: 693f 7372 633d 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c i?src=debian-pol\n-00071350: 6963 7926 7065 6e64 2d65 7863 3d64 6f6e icy&pend-exc=don\n-00071360: 6526 7461 673d 7061 7463 680a 0a1f 0a46 e&tag=patch....F\n-00071370: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n-00071380: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n-00071390: 5374 6174 6520 4520 5365 636f 6e64 6564 State E Seconded\n-000713a0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 7461 7465 2046 , Next: State F\n-000713b0: 2041 6363 6570 7465 642c 2020 5072 6576 Accepted, Prev\n-000713c0: 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4420 576f 7264 696e : State D Wordin\n-000713d0: 6720 7072 6f70 6f73 6564 2c20 2055 703a g proposed, Up:\n-000713e0: 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 6365 7373 Current Process\n-000713f0: 0a0a 3139 2e33 2e35 2053 7461 7465 2045 ..19.3.5 State E\n-00071400: 3a20 5365 636f 6e64 6564 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d : Seconded.-----\n-00071410: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00071420: 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 706f 7361 ---..The proposa\n-00071430: 6c20 6973 2073 6967 6e65 6420 6f66 6620 l is signed off \n-00071440: 6f6e 2062 7920 4e20 4465 6269 616e 2044 on by N Debian D\n-00071450: 6576 656c 6f70 6572 732e 2020 546f 2073 evelopers. To s\n-00071460: 7461 7274 2077 6974 682c 0a77 65e2 8099 tart with,.we...\n-00071470: 7265 2067 6f69 6e67 2077 6974 6820 4e3d re going with N=\n-00071480: 332c 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 2074 6861 7420 3, meaning that \n-00071490: 6966 2074 6872 6565 2044 6562 6961 6e20 if three Debian \n-000714a0: 4465 7665 6c6f 7065 7273 2061 6772 6565 Developers agree\n-000714b0: 2c20 6e6f 740a 6a75 7374 2077 6974 6820 , not.just with \n-000714c0: 7468 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 2062 7574 the proposal but\n-000714d0: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 636f 6e63 6c75 with the conclu\n-000714e0: 7369 6f6e 2074 6861 7420 6974 2072 6566 sion that it ref\n-000714f0: 6c65 6374 730a 636f 6e73 656e 7375 7320 lects.consensus \n-00071500: 616e 6420 6164 6472 6573 7365 7320 7468 and addresses th\n-00071510: 6520 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2069 7373 7565 e original issue\n-00071520: 20e2 8093 2069 7420 6973 2063 6f6e 7369 ... it is consi\n-00071530: 6465 7265 6420 656c 6967 6962 6c65 0a66 dered eligible.f\n-00071540: 6f72 2069 6e63 6c75 7369 6f6e 2069 6e20 or inclusion in \n-00071550: 7468 6520 6e65 7874 2076 6572 7369 6f6e the next version\n-00071560: 206f 6620 506f 6c69 6379 2e20 2053 696e of Policy. Sin\n-00071570: 6365 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 6973 2070 6172 ce Policy is par\n-00071580: 746c 7920 610a 7465 6368 6e69 6361 6c20 tly a.technical \n-00071590: 7072 6f6a 6563 7420 676f 7665 726e 616e project governan\n-000715a0: 6365 206d 6574 686f 642c 206f 6e65 206d ce method, one m\n-000715b0: 7573 7420 6265 2061 2044 6562 6961 6e20 ust be a Debian \n-000715c0: 4465 7665 6c6f 7065 7220 746f 0a66 6f72 Developer to.for\n-000715d0: 6d61 6c6c 7920 7365 636f 6e64 2c20 616c mally second, al\n-000715e0: 7468 6f75 6768 2072 6576 6965 7720 616e though review an\n-000715f0: 6420 6469 7363 7573 7369 6f6e 2069 7320 d discussion is \n-00071600: 7765 6c63 6f6d 6520 6672 6f6d 2061 6e79 welcome from any\n-00071610: 6f6e 652e 0a4f 6e63 6520 7468 6973 2074 one..Once this t\n-00071620: 6167 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6170 706c ag has been appl\n-00071630: 6965 642c 2074 6865 2062 7567 2069 7320 ied, the bug is \n-00071640: 7761 6974 696e 6720 666f 7220 6120 506f waiting for a Po\n-00071650: 6c69 6379 2074 6561 6d0a 6d65 6d62 6572 licy team.member\n-00071660: 2074 6f20 6170 706c 7920 7468 6520 7061 to apply the pa\n-00071670: 7463 6820 746f 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 tch to the packa\n-00071680: 6765 2072 6570 6f73 6974 6f72 792e 0a0a ge repository...\n-00071690: 5441 473a 2073 6563 6f6e 6465 6428 3129 TAG: seconded(1)\n-000716a0: 0a0a 5768 6174 206e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 ..What needs to \n-000716b0: 6861 7070 656e 206e 6578 743a 2041 2050 happen next: A P\n-000716c0: 6f6c 6963 7920 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 olicy maintainer\n-000716d0: 2064 6f65 7320 7468 6520 6669 6e61 6c20 does the final \n-000716e0: 7265 7669 6577 2061 6e64 0a63 6f6e 6669 review and.confi\n-000716f0: 726d 6174 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 rmation, and the\n-00071700: 6e20 6170 706c 6965 7320 7468 6520 7061 n applies the pa\n-00071710: 7463 6820 666f 7220 7468 6520 6e65 7874 tch for the next\n-00071720: 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 7265 6c65 6173 652e Policy release.\n-00071730: 0a0a 5468 6973 2074 6167 2069 7320 6e6f ..This tag is no\n-00071740: 7420 7573 6564 2076 6572 7920 6d75 6368 t used very much\n-00071750: 2062 6563 6175 7365 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c because normall\n-00071760: 7920 6120 506f 6c69 6379 206d 6169 6e74 y a Policy maint\n-00071770: 6169 6e65 720a 6170 706c 6965 7320 7468 ainer.applies th\n-00071780: 6520 7061 7463 6820 616e 6420 6d6f 7665 e patch and move\n-00071790: 7320 7468 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 2074 s the proposal t\n-000717a0: 6f20 7468 6520 6e65 7874 2073 7461 7465 o the next state\n-000717b0: 206f 6e63 6520 656e 6f75 6768 0a73 6563 once enough.sec\n-000717c0: 6f6e 6473 2061 7265 2072 6561 6368 6564 onds are reached\n-000717d0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ... ----------\n-000717e0: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n-000717f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 0a68 -----.. (1) .h\n-00071800: 7474 7073 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 ttps://bugs.debi\n-00071810: 616e 2e6f 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 an.org/cgi-bin/p\n-00071820: 6b67 7265 706f 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 kgreport.cgi?src\n-00071830: 3d64 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 =debian-policy&p\n-00071840: 656e 642d 6578 633d 646f 6e65 2674 6167 end-exc=done&tag\n-00071850: 3d73 6563 6f6e 6465 640a 0a1f 0a46 696c =seconded....Fil\n-00071860: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n-00071870: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5374 .info, Node: St\n-00071880: 6174 6520 4620 4163 6365 7074 6564 2c20 ate F Accepted, \n-00071890: 204e 6578 743a 2053 7461 7465 2047 2052 Next: State G R\n-000718a0: 656a 6563 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5374 eject, Prev: St\n-000718b0: 6174 6520 4520 5365 636f 6e64 6564 2c20 ate E Seconded, \n-000718c0: 2055 703a 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f Up: Current Pro\n-000718d0: 6365 7373 0a0a 3139 2e33 2e36 2053 7461 cess..19.3.6 Sta\n-000718e0: 7465 2046 3a20 4163 6365 7074 6564 0a2d te F: Accepted.-\n-000718f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00071900: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a43 6861 6e67 6520 -------..Change \n-00071910: 6163 6365 7074 6564 2c20 7769 6c6c 2062 accepted, will b\n-00071920: 6520 696e 206e 6578 7420 7570 6c6f 6164 e in next upload\n-00071930: 2e20 2054 6865 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 . The standard \n-00071940: 7065 6e64 696e 6720 7461 6720 6973 0a75 pending tag is.u\n-00071950: 7365 6420 666f 7220 7468 6973 2073 7461 sed for this sta\n-00071960: 7465 2073 696e 6365 2069 7420 6d61 7463 te since it matc\n-00071970: 6865 7320 7468 6520 7265 6775 6c61 7220 hes the regular \n-00071980: 6d65 616e 696e 6720 6f66 2070 656e 6469 meaning of pendi\n-00071990: 6e67 2e0a 0a54 4147 3a20 7065 6e64 696e ng...TAG: pendin\n-000719a0: 6728 3129 0a0a 5768 6174 206e 6565 6473 g(1)..What needs\n-000719b0: 2074 6f20 6861 7070 656e 206e 6578 743a to happen next:\n-000719c0: 2054 6865 2062 7567 2069 7320 6e6f 7720 The bug is now \n-000719d0: 696e 2074 6865 2077 6169 7469 6e67 2071 in the waiting q\n-000719e0: 7565 7565 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a6e 6578 ueue for the.nex\n-000719f0: 7420 506f 6c69 6379 2072 656c 6561 7365 t Policy release\n-00071a00: 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6572 65e2 8099 7320 , and there...s \n-00071a10: 6e6f 7468 696e 6720 6c65 6674 2074 6f20 nothing left to \n-00071a20: 646f 2065 7863 6570 7420 666f 7220 7570 do except for up\n-00071a30: 6c6f 6164 2061 0a6e 6577 2076 6572 7369 load a.new versi\n-00071a40: 6f6e 206f 6620 506f 6c69 6379 2e0a 0a20 on of Policy... \n-00071a50: 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f ---------- Foo\n-00071a60: 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tnotes ---------\n-00071a70: 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 0a68 7474 7073 -.. (1) .https\n-00071a80: 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 616e 2e6f ://bugs.debian.o\n-00071a90: 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 6b67 7265 rg/cgi-bin/pkgre\n-00071aa0: 706f 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 3d64 6562 port.cgi?src=deb\n-00071ab0: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 656e 642d ian-policy&pend-\n-00071ac0: 6578 633d 646f 6e65 2674 6167 3d70 656e exc=done&tag=pen\n-00071ad0: 6469 6e67 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 ding....File: de\n-00071ae0: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f bian-policy.info\n-00071af0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 7461 7465 2047 , Node: State G\n-00071b00: 2052 656a 6563 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 Reject, Prev: \n-00071b10: 5374 6174 6520 4620 4163 6365 7074 6564 State F Accepted\n-00071b20: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 , Up: Current P\n-00071b30: 726f 6365 7373 0a0a 3139 2e33 2e37 2053 rocess..19.3.7 S\n-00071b40: 7461 7465 2047 3a20 5265 6a65 6374 0a2d tate G: Reject.-\n-00071b50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n-00071b60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a52 656a 6563 7465 6420 -----..Rejected \n-00071b70: 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 732e 2020 5468 6520 proposals. 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The.submit\n-00071c40: 7465 7220 6d61 7920 7468 656e 2061 7070 ter may then app\n-00071c50: 6561 6c20 746f 2074 6865 2074 6563 682d eal to the tech-\n-00071c60: 6374 7465 2069 6620 7468 6579 2073 6f20 ctte if they so \n-00071c70: 6465 7369 7265 2e0a 416c 7465 726e 6174 desire..Alternat\n-00071c80: 656c 792c 2069 7373 7565 7320 6170 7065 ely, issues appe\n-00071c90: 616c 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7465 6368 aled to the tech\n-00071ca0: 2d63 7474 6520 6d61 7920 7265 6d61 696e -ctte may remain\n-00071cb0: 206f 7065 6e20 7769 7468 2074 6869 730a open with this.\n-00071cc0: 7461 6720 7768 696c 6520 7468 6174 2061 tag while that a\n-00071cd0: 7070 6561 6c20 7072 6f63 6565 6473 2e0a ppeal proceeds..\n-00071ce0: 0a54 4147 3a20 776f 6e74 6669 7828 3129 .TAG: wontfix(1)\n-00071cf0: 0a0a 5765 206d 6179 2075 7365 206f 6e65 ..We may use one\n-00071d00: 206f 6620 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e of the followin\n-00071d10: 6720 7461 6773 2068 6572 652e 2020 4974 g tags here. 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Thos\n-00071e80: 6520 7769 7368 696e 6720 746f 2072 6573 e wishing to res\n-00071e90: 7461 7274 2064 6973 6375 7373 696f 6e20 tart discussion \n-00071ea0: 7368 6f75 6c64 206f 7065 6e20 6120 6e65 should open a ne\n-00071eb0: 7720 6275 672c 0a20 2020 2020 6275 7420 w bug,. but \n-00071ec0: 6f6e 6c79 2069 6620 7468 6579 2068 6176 only if they hav\n-00071ed0: 6520 6120 636f 6e63 7265 7465 206e 6577 e a concrete new\n-00071ee0: 2063 6861 6e67 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c change proposal\n-00071ef0: 2e0a 0a27 7374 616c 6c65 6427 0a0a 2020 ...'stalled'.. \n-00071f00: 2020 2043 6f6e 7365 6e73 7573 206f 6e20 Consensus on \n-00071f10: 6120 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 2077 6173 206e a proposal was n\n-00071f20: 6f74 2066 6f72 7468 636f 6d69 6e67 2e20 ot forthcoming. \n-00071f30: 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6520 6275 However, the bu\n-00071f40: 670a 2020 2020 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 g. should be\n-00071f50: 206b 6570 7420 6f70 656e 2c20 6173 2061 kept open, as a\n-00071f60: 2066 6f72 6d20 6f66 2064 6f63 756d 656e form of documen\n-00071f70: 7461 7469 6f6e 2c20 616e 6420 746f 206d tation, and to m\n-00071f80: 696e 696d 6973 650a 2020 2020 2074 6865 inimise. the\n-00071f90: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2064 7570 6c69 number of dupli\n-00071fa0: 6361 7465 2066 696c 696e 6773 2e0a 0a57 cate filings...W\n-00071fb0: 6861 7420 6d61 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 hat may need to \n-00071fc0: 6861 7070 656e 206e 6578 743a 2054 6865 happen next: The\n-00071fd0: 2062 7567 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2063 bug should be c\n-00071fe0: 6c6f 7365 6420 6f6e 6365 2061 2066 696e losed once a fin\n-00071ff0: 616c 0a72 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e20 6973 al.resolution is\n-00072000: 2072 6561 6368 6564 2028 6578 6365 7074 reached (except\n-00072010: 696e 6720 2773 7461 6c6c 6564 2729 2c20 ing 'stalled'), \n-00072020: 6f72 2072 6574 6167 6765 6420 746f 2061 or retagged to a\n-00072030: 6e0a 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 7374 n.appropriate st\n-00072040: 6174 6520 6966 2074 6861 7420 6669 6e61 ate if that fina\n-00072050: 6c20 7265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 2072 6576 l resolution rev\n-00072060: 6572 7365 7320 7468 6520 6465 6369 7369 erses the decisi\n-00072070: 6f6e 2074 6f0a 7265 6a65 6374 2074 6865 on to.reject the\n-00072080: 2070 726f 706f 7361 6c2e 0a0a 2020 202d proposal... -\n-00072090: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f --------- Footno\n-000720a0: 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a tes ----------..\n-000720b0: 2020 2028 3129 200a 6874 7470 733a 2f2f (1) .https://\n-000720c0: 6275 6773 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f bugs.debian.org/\n-000720d0: 6367 692d 6269 6e2f 706b 6772 6570 6f72 cgi-bin/pkgrepor\n-000720e0: 742e 6367 693f 7372 633d 6465 6269 616e t.cgi?src=debian\n-000720f0: 2d70 6f6c 6963 7926 7065 6e64 2d65 7863 -policy&pend-exc\n-00072100: 3d64 6f6e 6526 7461 673d 7265 6a65 6374 =done&tag=reject\n-00072110: 6564 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 ed....File: debi\n-00072120: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n-00072130: 204e 6f64 653a 204f 7468 6572 2054 6167 Node: Other Tag\n-00072140: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4375 7272 656e s, Prev: Curren\n-00072150: 7420 5072 6f63 6573 732c 2020 5570 3a20 t Process, Up: \n-00072160: 4465 6269 616e 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 6368 Debian Policy ch\n-00072170: 616e 6765 7320 7072 6f63 6573 730a 0a31 anges process..1\n-00072180: 392e 3420 4f74 6865 7220 5461 6773 0a3d 9.4 Other Tags.=\n-00072190: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n-000721a0: 416c 6c20 506f 6c69 6379 2062 7567 7320 All Policy bugs \n-000721b0: 6172 6520 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 are additionally\n-000721c0: 2063 6174 6567 6f72 697a 6564 2062 7920 categorized by \n-000721d0: 636c 6173 7320 6f66 2062 7567 2e0a 0a54 class of bug...T\n-000721e0: 6865 206e 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 2074 6167 he normative tag\n-000721f0: 2069 7320 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2062 7567 is used for bug\n-00072200: 7320 7468 6174 206d 616b 6520 6e6f 726d s that make norm\n-00072210: 6174 6976 6520 6368 616e 6765 7320 746f ative changes to\n-00072220: 0a50 6f6c 6963 792c 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 .Policy, meaning\n-00072230: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6469 6374 6174 that the dictat\n-00072240: 6573 206f 6620 506f 6c69 6379 2077 696c es of Policy wil\n-00072250: 6c20 6368 616e 6765 2069 6e20 736f 6d65 l change in some\n-00072260: 2066 6173 6869 6f6e 0a61 7320 7061 7274 fashion.as part\n-00072270: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7265 736f 6c75 7469 of the resoluti\n-00072280: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 6275 6720 6966 on of the bug if\n-00072290: 2074 6865 2070 726f 706f 7361 6c20 6973 the proposal is\n-000722a0: 2061 6363 6570 7465 642e 2020 5468 650a accepted. The.\n-000722b0: 6675 6c6c 2070 726f 6365 7373 2069 7320 full process is \n-000722c0: 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2066 6f72 2073 7563 followed for suc\n-000722d0: 6820 6275 6773 2e0a 0a54 4147 3a20 6e6f h bugs...TAG: no\n-000722e0: 726d 6174 6976 6528 3129 0a0a 5468 6520 rmative(1)..The \n-000722f0: 696e 666f 726d 6174 6976 6520 7461 6720 informative tag \n-00072300: 6973 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 6275 6773 is used for bugs\n-00072310: 2061 626f 7574 2077 6f72 6469 6e67 2069 about wording i\n-00072320: 7373 7565 732c 2074 7970 6f73 2c0a 696e ssues, typos,.in\n-00072330: 666f 726d 6174 6976 6520 666f 6f74 6e6f formative footno\n-00072340: 7465 732c 206f 7220 6f74 6865 7220 6368 tes, or other ch\n-00072350: 616e 6765 7320 7468 6174 2064 6f20 6e6f anges that do no\n-00072360: 7420 6166 6665 6374 2074 6865 2066 6f72 t affect the for\n-00072370: 6d61 6c0a 6469 6374 6174 6573 206f 6620 mal.dictates of \n-00072380: 506f 6c69 6379 2c20 6a75 7374 2074 6865 Policy, just the\n-00072390: 2070 7265 7365 6e74 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 presentation. \n-000723a0: 5468 6520 7361 6d65 2074 6167 7320 6172 The same tags ar\n-000723b0: 6520 7573 6564 2066 6f72 0a74 6865 7365 e used for.these\n-000723c0: 2062 7567 7320 666f 7220 636f 6e76 656e bugs for conven\n-000723d0: 6965 6e63 652c 2062 7574 2074 6865 2050 ience, but the P\n-000723e0: 6f6c 6963 7920 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 olicy maintainer\n-000723f0: 7320 6d61 7920 6d61 6b65 0a69 6e66 6f72 s may make.infor\n-00072400: 6d61 7469 7665 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2077 mative changes w\n-00072410: 6974 686f 7574 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 ithout following\n-00072420: 2074 6865 2066 756c 6c20 7072 6f63 6573 the full proces\n-00072430: 732e 2020 496e 666f 726d 6174 6976 650a s. 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(2) .https\n-00072620: 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 616e 2e6f ://bugs.debian.o\n-00072630: 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 6b67 7265 rg/cgi-bin/pkgre\n-00072640: 706f 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 3d64 6562 port.cgi?src=deb\n-00072650: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 656e 642d ian-policy&pend-\n-00072660: 6578 633d 646f 6e65 2674 6167 3d69 6e66 exc=done&tag=inf\n-00072670: 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 0a0a 2020 2028 3329 ormative.. 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0a0a 3230 204d , Up: Top..20 M\n-00072770: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 aintainer script\n-00072780: 2066 6c6f 7763 6861 7274 730a 2a2a 2a2a flowcharts.****\n-00072790: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n-000727a0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a54 6865 ***********..The\n-000727b0: 2066 6c6f 7763 6861 7274 7320 2831 2920 flowcharts (1) \n-000727c0: 696e 636c 7564 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6973 included in this\n-000727d0: 2061 7070 656e 6469 7820 7573 6520 7468 appendix use th\n-000727e0: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 670a 636f 6e76 e following.conv\n-000727f0: 656e 7469 6f6e 733a 0a0a 2020 202d 206d entions:.. - m\n-00072800: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 aintainer script\n-00072810: 7320 616e 6420 7468 6569 7220 6172 6775 s and their argu\n-00072820: 6d65 6e74 7320 6172 6520 7769 7468 696e ments are within\n-00072830: 2062 6f78 6573 3b0a 0a20 2020 2d20 6163 boxes;.. - ac\n-00072840: 7469 6f6e 7320 6361 7272 6965 6420 6f75 tions carried ou\n-00072850: 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that was not pre\n-00072940: 7669 6f75 736c 7920 696e 7374 616c 6c65 viously installe\n-00072950: 6422 0008 5d0a 0a0a 4669 6775 7265 3a20 d\"..]...Figure: \n-00072960: 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2061 2070 6163 Installing a pac\n-00072970: 6b61 6765 2074 6861 7420 7761 7320 6e6f kage that was no\n-00072980: 7420 7072 6576 696f 7573 6c79 2069 6e73 t previously ins\n-00072990: 7461 6c6c 6564 0a0a 0008 5b69 6d61 6765 talled....[image\n-000729a0: 2073 7263 3d22 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c src=\"debian-pol\n-000729b0: 6963 792d 6669 6775 7265 732f 6465 6269 icy-figures/debi\n-000729c0: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792d 696e 7374 616c an-policy-instal\n-000729d0: 6c2d 636f 6e66 6669 6c65 732e 706e 6722 l-conffiles.png\"\n-000729e0: 2061 6c74 3d22 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 alt=\"Installing\n-000729f0: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6861 7420 a package that \n-00072a00: 7761 7320 7072 6576 696f 7573 6c79 2072 was previously r\n-00072a10: 656d 6f76 6564 2c20 6275 7420 6e6f 7420 emoved, but not \n-00072a20: 7075 7267 6564 2200 085d 0a0a 0a46 6967 purged\"..]...Fig\n-00072a30: 7572 653a 2049 6e73 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 ure: Installing \n-00072a40: 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 7468 6174 2077 a package that w\n-00072a50: 6173 2070 7265 7669 6f75 736c 7920 7265 as previously re\n-00072a60: 6d6f 7665 642c 2062 7574 206e 6f74 2070 moved, but not p\n-00072a70: 7572 6765 640a 0a00 085b 696d 6167 6520 urged....[image \n-00072a80: 7372 633d 2264 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 src=\"debian-poli\n-00072a90: 6379 2d66 6967 7572 6573 2f64 6562 6961 cy-figures/debia\n-00072aa0: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2d75 7067 7261 6465 n-policy-upgrade\n-00072ab0: 2e70 6e67 2220 616c 743d 2255 7067 7261 .png\" alt=\"Upgra\n-00072ac0: 6469 6e67 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2200 ding a package\".\n-00072ad0: 085d 0a0a 0a46 6967 7572 653a 2055 7067 .]...Figure: Upg\n-00072ae0: 7261 6469 6e67 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 rading a package\n-00072af0: 0a0a 0008 5b69 6d61 6765 2073 7263 3d22 ....[image src=\"\n-00072b00: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792d 6669 debian-policy-fi\n-00072b10: 6775 7265 732f 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c gures/debian-pol\n-00072b20: 6963 792d 7265 6d6f 7665 2e70 6e67 2220 icy-remove.png\" \n-00072b30: 616c 743d 2252 656d 6f76 696e 6720 6120 alt=\"Removing a \n-00072b40: 7061 636b 6167 6522 0008 5d0a 0a0a 4669 package\"..]...Fi\n-00072b50: 6775 7265 3a20 5265 6d6f 7669 6e67 2061 gure: Removing a\n-00072b60: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a0a 0008 5b69 6d61 package....[ima\n-00072b70: 6765 2073 7263 3d22 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ge src=\"debian-p\n-00072b80: 6f6c 6963 792d 6669 6775 7265 732f 6465 olicy-figures/de\n-00072b90: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792d 7075 7267 bian-policy-purg\n-00072ba0: 652e 706e 6722 2061 6c74 3d22 5075 7267 e.png\" alt=\"Purg\n-00072bb0: 696e 6720 6120 7061 636b 6167 6520 7072 ing a package pr\n-00072bc0: 6576 696f 7573 6c79 2072 656d 6f76 6564 eviously removed\n-00072bd0: 2200 085d 0a0a 0a46 6967 7572 653a 2050 \"..]...Figure: P\n-00072be0: 7572 6769 6e67 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 urging a package\n-00072bf0: 2070 7265 7669 6f75 736c 7920 7265 6d6f previously remo\n-00072c00: 7665 640a 0a00 085b 696d 6167 6520 7372 ved....[image sr\n-00072c10: 633d 2264 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 c=\"debian-policy\n-00072c20: 2d66 6967 7572 6573 2f64 6562 6961 6e2d -figures/debian-\n-00072c30: 706f 6c69 6379 2d72 656d 6f76 652d 7075 policy-remove-pu\n-00072c40: 7267 652e 706e 6722 2061 6c74 3d22 5265 rge.png\" alt=\"Re\n-00072c50: 6d6f 7669 6e67 2061 6e64 2070 7572 6769 moving and purgi\n-00072c60: 6e67 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2200 085d ng a package\"..]\n-00072c70: 0a0a 0a46 6967 7572 653a 2052 656d 6f76 ...Figure: Remov\n-00072c80: 696e 6720 616e 6420 7075 7267 696e 6720 ing and purging \n-00072c90: 6120 7061 636b 6167 650a 0a20 2020 2d2d a package.. --\n-00072ca0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 -------- Footnot\n-00072cb0: 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 es ----------.. \n-00072cc0: 2020 2831 2920 5468 6573 6520 666c 6f77 (1) These flow\n-00072cd0: 6368 6172 7473 2077 6572 6520 6f72 6967 charts were orig\n-00072ce0: 696e 616c 6c79 2063 7265 6174 6564 2062 inally created b\n-00072cf0: 7920 4d61 7267 6172 6974 6120 4d61 6e74 y Margarita Mant\n-00072d00: 6572 6f6c 610a 666f 7220 7468 6520 4465 erola.for the De\n-00072d10: 6269 616e 2057 6f6d 656e 2070 726f 6a65 bian Women proje\n-00072d20: 6374 2077 696b 692e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 ct wiki.....File\n-00072d30: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n-00072d40: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2055 7067 info, Node: Upg\n-00072d50: 7261 6469 6e67 2063 6865 636b 6c69 7374 rading checklist\n-00072d60: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204c 6963 656e 7365 , Next: License\n-00072d70: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204d 6169 6e74 6169 , Prev: Maintai\n-00072d80: 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 2066 6c6f 7763 ner script flowc\n-00072d90: 6861 7274 732c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 700a harts, Up: Top.\n-00072da0: 0a32 3120 5570 6772 6164 696e 6720 6368 .21 Upgrading ch\n-00072db0: 6563 6b6c 6973 740a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ecklist.********\n-00072dc0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n-00072dd0: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2041 626f 7574 * Menu:..* About\n-00072de0: 2074 6865 2063 6865 636b 6c69 7374 3a3a the checklist::\n-00072df0: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e37 2e32 .* Version 4.7.2\n-00072e00: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3720 322e : Version 4 7 2.\n-00072e10: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e37 2e31 .* Version 4.7.1\n-00072e20: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3720 312e : Version 4 7 1.\n-00072e30: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e37 2e30 .* Version 4.7.0\n-00072e40: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3720 302e : Version 4 7 0.\n-00072e50: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e36 2e32 .* Version 4.6.2\n-00072e60: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3620 322e : Version 4 6 2.\n-00072e70: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e36 2e31 .* Version 4.6.1\n-00072e80: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3620 312e : Version 4 6 1.\n-00072e90: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e36 2e30 .* Version 4.6.0\n-00072ea0: 3a20 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Emacs a\n-00083c50: 6e64 2054 6558 2061 7265 206e 6f20 6c6f nd TeX are no lo\n-00083c60: 6e67 6572 206d 616e 6461 7465 6420 6279 nger mandated by\n-00083c70: 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 746f 2062 6520 7072 policy to be pr\n-00083c80: 696f 7269 7479 0a20 2020 2020 7374 616e iority. stan\n-00083c90: 6461 7264 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a31 dard packages..1\n-00083ca0: 312e 350a 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6f67 7261 1.5.. Progra\n-00083cb0: 6d73 2074 6861 7420 6163 6365 7373 2064 ms that access d\n-00083cc0: 6f63 7320 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 646f 2073 ocs need to do s\n-00083cd0: 6f20 7669 6120 e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 o via .../usr/sh\n-00083ce0: 6172 652f 646f 63e2 8099 2c20 616e 640a are/doc..., and.\n-00083cf0: 2020 2020 206e 6f74 2076 6961 20e2 8098 not via ...\n-00083d00: 2f75 7372 2f64 6f63 2fe2 8099 2061 7320 /usr/doc/... as \n-00083d10: 7761 7320 7468 6520 706f 6c69 6379 2070 was the policy p\n-00083d20: 7265 7669 6f75 736c 790a 0a31 322e 330a reviously..12.3.\n-00083d30: 0a20 2020 2020 5075 7474 696e 6720 646f . Putting do\n-00083d40: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 696e 20e2 cumentation in .\n-00083d50: 8098 2f75 7372 2f64 6f63 e280 9920 7665 ../usr/doc... ve\n-00083d60: 7273 7573 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 rsus .../usr/sha\n-00083d70: 7265 2f64 6f63 e280 9920 6973 206e 6f77 re/doc... is now\n-00083d80: 0a20 2020 2020 6120 e280 9c73 6572 696f . a ...serio\n-00083d90: 7573 e280 9d20 706f 6c69 6379 2076 696f us... policy vio\n-00083da0: 6c61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a31 312e 350a 0a20 lation...11.5.. \n-00083db0: 2020 2020 466f 7220 7765 6220 7365 7276 For web serv\n-00083dc0: 6572 732c 206f 6e65 2073 686f 756c 6420 ers, one should \n-00083dd0: 6e6f 7420 7072 6f76 6964 6520 6e6f 6e2d not provide non-\n-00083de0: 6c6f 6361 6c20 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f20 local access to \n-00083df0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 the. .../usr\n-00083e00: 2f73 6861 7265 2f64 6f63 e280 9920 6869 /share/doc... hi\n-00083e10: 6572 6172 6368 792e 2020 4966 206f 6e65 erarchy. 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Ad\n-00086060: 6465 6420 7468 6520 636c 6172 6966 6963 ded the clarific\n-00086070: 6174 696f 6e20 7468 6174 2074 6865 202e ation that the .\n-00086080: 6c61 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 2065 7373 la files are ess\n-00086090: 656e 7469 616c 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a20 ential for the. \n-000860a0: 2020 2020 7061 636b 6167 6573 2075 7369 packages usi\n-000860b0: 6e67 206c 6962 746f 6f6c e280 9973 206c ng libtool...s l\n-000860c0: 6962 6c74 646c 206c 6962 7261 7279 2c20 ibltdl library, \n-000860d0: 696e 2077 6869 6368 2063 6173 6520 7468 in which case th\n-000860e0: 6520 2e6c 610a 2020 2020 2066 696c 6573 e .la. files\n-000860f0: 206d 7573 7420 676f 2069 6e20 7468 6520 must go in the \n-00086100: 7275 6e2d 7469 6d65 206c 6962 7261 7279 run-time library\n-00086110: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 package....File\n-00086120: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n-00086130: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2056 6572 info, Node: Ver\n-00086140: 7369 6f6e 2033 2030 2030 2c20 204e 6578 sion 3 0 0, Nex\n-00086150: 743a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2032 2035 2030 t: Version 2 5 0\n-00086160: 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e , Prev: Version\n-00086170: 2033 2030 2031 2c20 2055 703a 2055 7067 3 0 1, Up: Upg\n-00086180: 7261 6469 6e67 2063 6865 636b 6c69 7374 rading checklist\n-00086190: 0a0a 3231 2e36 3220 5665 7273 696f 6e20 ..21.62 Version \n-000861a0: 332e 302e 300a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3.0.0.==========\n-000861b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a52 656c 6561 =========..Relea\n-000861c0: 7365 6420 4a75 6e65 2c20 3139 3939 2e0a sed June, 1999..\n-000861d0: 0a39 2e31 0a0a 2020 2020 2044 6562 6961 .9.1.. 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663a 2031 3266 7f33 3034 3933 1.Ref: 12f.30493\n-0008f440: 310a 5265 663a 2063 682d 6f70 6572 7379 1.Ref: ch-opersy\n-0008f450: 7320 7339 2d33 2d34 7f33 3034 3933 310a s s9-3-4.304931.\n-0008f460: 5265 663a 2031 3330 7f33 3034 3933 310a Ref: 130.304931.\n-0008f470: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4578 616d 706c 657f 3330 Node: Example.30\n-0008f480: 3530 3236 0a52 6566 3a20 6368 2d6f 7065 5026.Ref: ch-ope\n-0008f490: 7273 7973 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 7f33 3035 rsys example.305\n-0008f4a0: 3133 340a 5265 663a 2031 3331 7f33 3035 134.Ref: 131.305\n-0008f4b0: 3133 340a 5265 663a 2063 682d 6f70 6572 134.Ref: ch-oper\n-0008f4c0: 7379 7320 7339 2d33 2d35 7f33 3035 3133 sys s9-3-5.30513\n-0008f4d0: 340a 5265 663a 2031 3332 7f33 3035 3133 4.Ref: 132.30513\n-0008f4e0: 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 436f 6e73 6f6c 6520 4.Node: Console \n-0008f4f0: 6d65 7373 6167 6573 2066 726f 6d20 696e messages from in\n-0008f500: 6974 2064 2073 6372 6970 7473 7f33 3035 it d scripts.305\n-0008f510: 3338 360a 5265 663a 2063 682d 6f70 6572 386.Ref: ch-oper\n-0008f520: 7379 7320 636f 6e73 6f6c 652d 6d65 7373 sys console-mess\n-0008f530: 6167 6573 2d66 726f 6d2d 696e 6974 2d64 ages-from-init-d\n-0008f540: 2d73 6372 6970 7473 7f33 3035 3533 370a -scripts.305537.\n-0008f550: 5265 663a 2031 3333 7f33 3035 3533 370a Ref: 133.305537.\n-0008f560: 5265 663a 2063 682d 6f70 6572 7379 7320 Ref: ch-opersys \n-0008f570: 7339 2d34 7f33 3035 3533 370a 5265 663a s9-4.305537.Ref:\n-0008f580: 2031 3334 7f33 3035 3533 370a 4e6f 6465 134.305537.Node\n-0008f590: 3a20 4372 6f6e 206a 6f62 737f 3330 3536 : Cron jobs.3056\n-0008f5a0: 3630 0a52 6566 3a20 6368 2d6f 7065 7273 60.Ref: ch-opers\n-0008f5b0: 7973 2063 726f 6e2d 6a6f 6273 7f33 3035 ys cron-jobs.305\n-0008f5c0: 3739 320a 5265 663a 2031 3335 7f33 3035 792.Ref: 135.305\n-0008f5d0: 3739 320a 5265 663a 2063 682d 6f70 6572 792.Ref: ch-oper\n-0008f5e0: 7379 7320 732d 6372 6f6e 2d6a 6f62 737f sys s-cron-jobs.\n-0008f5f0: 3330 3537 3932 0a52 6566 3a20 3133 367f 305792.Ref: 136.\n-0008f600: 3330 3537 3932 0a52 6566 3a20 4372 6f6e 305792.Ref: Cron\n-0008f610: 206a 6f62 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 jobs-Footnote-1\n-0008f620: 7f33 3038 3631 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4372 .308614.Node: Cr\n-0008f630: 6f6e 206a 6f62 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 on job file name\n-0008f640: 737f 3330 3836 3731 0a52 6566 3a20 6368 s.308671.Ref: ch\n-0008f650: 2d6f 7065 7273 7973 2063 726f 6e2d 6a6f -opersys cron-jo\n-0008f660: 622d 6669 6c65 2d6e 616d 6573 7f33 3038 b-file-names.308\n-0008f670: 3734 330a 5265 663a 2031 3338 7f33 3038 743.Ref: 138.308\n-0008f680: 3734 330a 5265 663a 2063 682d 6f70 6572 743.Ref: ch-oper\n-0008f690: 7379 7320 732d 6372 6f6e 2d66 696c 6573 sys s-cron-files\n-0008f6a0: 7f33 3038 3734 330a 5265 663a 2031 3337 .308743.Ref: 137\n-0008f6b0: 7f33 3038 3734 330a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d65 .308743.Node: Me\n-0008f6c0: 6e75 737f 3330 3933 3532 0a52 6566 3a20 nus.309352.Ref: \n-0008f6d0: 6368 2d6f 7065 7273 7973 206d 656e 7573 ch-opersys menus\n-0008f6e0: 7f33 3039 3436 370a 5265 663a 2031 3339 .309467.Ref: 139\n-0008f6f0: 7f33 3039 3436 370a 5265 663a 2063 682d .309467.Ref: ch-\n-0008f700: 6f70 6572 7379 7320 732d 6d65 6e75 737f opersys s-menus.\n-0008f710: 3330 3934 3637 0a52 6566 3a20 3134 7f33 309467.Ref: 14.3\n-0008f720: 3039 3436 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d75 6c74 09467.Node: Mult\n-0008f730: 696d 6564 6961 2068 616e 646c 6572 737f imedia handlers.\n-0008f740: 3331 3138 3436 0a52 6566 3a20 6368 2d6f 311846.Ref: ch-o\n-0008f750: 7065 7273 7973 206d 756c 7469 6d65 6469 persys multimedi\n-0008f760: 612d 6861 6e64 6c65 7273 7f33 3131 3937 a-handlers.31197\n-0008f770: 340a 5265 663a 2031 3361 7f33 3131 3937 4.Ref: 13a.31197\n-0008f780: 340a 5265 663a 2063 682d 6f70 6572 7379 4.Ref: ch-opersy\n-0008f790: 7320 732d 6d69 6d65 7f33 3131 3937 340a s s-mime.311974.\n-0008f7a0: 5265 663a 2031 3362 7f33 3131 3937 340a Ref: 13b.311974.\n-0008f7b0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 5265 6769 7374 7261 7469 Node: Registrati\n-0008f7c0: 6f6e 206f 6620 6d65 6469 6120 7479 7065 on of media type\n-0008f7d0: 2068 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7020 656e 7472 6965 732d 466f 6f74 cap entries-Foot\n-0008f9b0: 6e6f 7465 2d31 7f33 3134 3731 300a 4e6f note-1.314710.No\n-0008f9c0: 6465 3a20 5072 6f76 6964 696e 6720 6d65 de: Providing me\n-0008f9d0: 6469 6120 7479 7065 7320 746f 2066 696c dia types to fil\n-0008f9e0: 6573 7f33 3135 3031 360a 5265 663a 2063 es.315016.Ref: c\n-0008f9f0: 682d 6f70 6572 7379 7320 7072 6f76 6964 h-opersys provid\n-0008fa00: 696e 672d 6d65 6469 612d 7479 7065 732d ing-media-types-\n-0008fa10: 746f 2d66 696c 6573 7f33 3135 3137 340a to-files.315174.\n-0008fa20: 5265 663a 2031 3430 7f33 3135 3137 340a Ref: 140.315174.\n-0008fa30: 5265 663a 2063 682d 6f70 6572 7379 7320 Ref: ch-opersys \n-0008fa40: 732d 6669 6c65 2d6d 6564 6961 2d74 7970 s-file-media-typ\n-0008fa50: 657f 3331 3531 3734 0a52 6566 3a20 3134 e.315174.Ref: 14\n-0008fa60: 317f 3331 3531 3734 0a4e 6f64 653a 204b 1.315174.Node: K\n-0008fa70: 6579 626f 6172 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 eyboard configur\n-0008fa80: 6174 696f 6e7f 3331 3632 3932 0a52 6566 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6365 706b 6720 732d 706b 672d 6470 urcepkg s-pkg-dp\n-00092700: 6b67 2d73 6f75 7263 657f 3432 3635 3834 kg-source.426584\n-00092710: 0a52 6566 3a20 3162 307f 3432 3635 3834 .Ref: 1b0.426584\n-00092720: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2064 706b 672d 6275 696c .Node: dpkg-buil\n-00092730: 6470 6163 6b61 6765 202d 206f 7665 7261 dpackage - overa\n-00092740: 6c6c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2d62 7569 6c64 ll package-build\n-00092750: 696e 6720 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 7363 7269 ing control scri\n-00092760: 7074 7f34 3237 3533 310a 5265 663a 2061 pt.427531.Ref: a\n-00092770: 702d 706b 672d 736f 7572 6365 706b 6720 p-pkg-sourcepkg \n-00092780: 6470 6b67 2d62 7569 6c64 7061 636b 6167 dpkg-buildpackag\n-00092790: 652d 6f76 6572 616c 6c2d 7061 636b 6167 e-overall-packag\n-000927a0: 652d 6275 696c 6469 6e67 2d63 6f6e 7472 e-building-contr\n-000927b0: 6f6c 2d73 6372 6970 747f 3432 3737 3938 ol-script.427798\n-000927c0: 0a52 6566 3a20 3162 317f 3432 3737 3938 .Ref: 1b1.427798\n-000927d0: 0a52 6566 3a20 6170 2d70 6b67 2d73 6f75 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663a 2061 702d 706b 672d 736f 7572 Ref: ap-pkg-sour\n-000928d0: 6365 706b 6720 732d 706b 672d 6470 6b67 cepkg s-pkg-dpkg\n-000928e0: 2d67 656e 636f 6e74 726f 6c7f 3432 3832 -gencontrol.4282\n-000928f0: 3432 0a52 6566 3a20 3162 347f 3432 3832 42.Ref: 1b4.4282\n-00092900: 3432 0a52 6566 3a20 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 42.Ref: dpkg-gen\n-00092910: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 2d20 6765 6e65 7261 control - genera\n-00092920: 7465 7320 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 tes binary packa\n-00092930: 6765 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 ge control files\n-00092940: 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d 317f 3432 3938 -Footnote-1.4298\n-00092950: 3431 0a4e 6f64 653a 2064 706b 672d 7368 41.Node: dpkg-sh\n-00092960: 6c69 6264 6570 7320 2d20 6361 6c63 756c libdeps - calcul\n-00092970: 6174 6573 2073 6861 7265 6420 6c69 6272 ates shared libr\n-00092980: 6172 7920 6465 7065 6e64 656e 6369 6573 ary dependencies\n-00092990: 7f34 3239 3932 360a 5265 663a 2061 702d .429926.Ref: ap-\n-000929a0: 706b 672d 736f 7572 6365 706b 6720 6470 pkg-sourcepkg dp\n-000929b0: 6b67 2d73 686c 6962 6465 7073 2d63 616c kg-shlibdeps-cal\n-000929c0: 6375 6c61 7465 732d 7368 6172 6564 2d6c culates-shared-l\n-000929d0: 6962 7261 7279 2d64 6570 656e 6465 6e63 ibrary-dependenc\n-000929e0: 6965 737f 3433 3031 3831 0a52 6566 3a20 ies.430181.Ref: \n-000929f0: 3162 367f 3433 3031 3831 0a52 6566 3a20 1b6.430181.Ref: \n-00092a00: 6170 2d70 6b67 2d73 6f75 7263 6570 6b67 ap-pkg-sourcepkg\n-00092a10: 2073 2d70 6b67 2d64 706b 672d 7368 6c69 s-pkg-dpkg-shli\n-00092a20: 6264 6570 737f 3433 3031 3831 0a52 6566 bdeps.430181.Ref\n-00092a30: 3a20 3162 377f 3433 3031 3831 0a4e 6f64 : 1b7.430181.Nod\n-00092a40: 653a 2064 706b 672d 6469 7374 6164 6466 e: dpkg-distaddf\n-00092a50: 696c 6520 2d20 6164 6473 2061 2066 696c ile - adds a fil\n-00092a60: 6520 746f 2064 6562 6961 6e2f 6669 6c65 e to debian/file\n-00092a70: 737f 3433 3033 3436 0a52 6566 3a20 6170 s.430346.Ref: ap\n-00092a80: 2d70 6b67 2d73 6f75 7263 6570 6b67 2064 -pkg-sourcepkg d\n-00092a90: 706b 672d 6469 7374 6164 6466 696c 652d pkg-distaddfile-\n-00092aa0: 6164 6473 2d61 2d66 696c 652d 746f 2d64 adds-a-file-to-d\n-00092ab0: 6562 6961 6e2d 6669 6c65 737f 3433 3036 ebian-files.4306\n-00092ac0: 3032 0a52 6566 3a20 3162 387f 3433 3036 02.Ref: 1b8.4306\n-00092ad0: 3032 0a52 6566 3a20 6170 2d70 6b67 2d73 02.Ref: ap-pkg-s\n-00092ae0: 6f75 7263 6570 6b67 2073 2d70 6b67 2d64 ourcepkg s-pkg-d\n-00092af0: 706b 672d 6469 7374 6164 6466 696c 657f pkg-distaddfile.\n-00092b00: 3433 3036 3032 0a52 6566 3a20 3162 397f 430602.Ref: 1b9.\n-00092b10: 3433 3036 3032 0a4e 6f64 653a 2064 706b 430602.Node: dpk\n-00092b20: 672d 6765 6e63 6861 6e67 6573 202d 2067 g-genchanges - g\n-00092b30: 656e 6572 6174 6573 2061 2063 6861 6e67 enerates a chang\n-00092b40: 6573 2075 706c 6f61 6420 636f 6e74 726f es upload contro\n-00092b50: 6c20 6669 6c65 7f34 3331 3437 320a 5265 l file.431472.Re\n-00092b60: 663a 2061 702d 706b 672d 736f 7572 6365 f: ap-pkg-source\n-00092b70: 706b 6720 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 6368 616e 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2d73 6f75 7263 6570 6b67 2064 706b kg-sourcepkg dpk\n-00092c70: 672d 7061 7273 6563 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 g-parsechangelog\n-00092c80: 2d70 726f 6475 6365 732d 7061 7273 6564 -produces-parsed\n-00092c90: 2d72 6570 7265 7365 6e74 6174 696f 6e2d -representation-\n-00092ca0: 6f66 2d61 2d63 6861 6e67 656c 6f67 7f34 of-a-changelog.4\n-00092cb0: 3332 3230 350a 5265 663a 2031 6263 7f34 32205.Ref: 1bc.4\n-00092cc0: 3332 3230 350a 5265 663a 2061 702d 706b 32205.Ref: ap-pk\n-00092cd0: 672d 736f 7572 6365 706b 6720 732d 706b g-sourcepkg s-pk\n-00092ce0: 672d 6470 6b67 2d70 6172 7365 6368 616e g-dpkg-parsechan\n-00092cf0: 6765 6c6f 677f 3433 3232 3035 0a52 6566 gelog.432205.Ref\n-00092d00: 3a20 3162 647f 3433 3232 3035 0a4e 6f64 : 1bd.432205.Nod\n-00092d10: 653a 2064 706b 672d 6172 6368 6974 6563 e: dpkg-architec\n-00092d20: 7475 7265 202d 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 ture - informati\n-00092d30: 6f6e 2061 626f 7574 2074 6865 2062 7569 on about the bui\n-00092d40: 6c64 2061 6e64 2068 6f73 7420 7379 7374 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3830 320a 5265 663a 2061 702d 706b 32802.Ref: ap-pk\n-00092e40: 672d 736f 7572 6365 706b 6720 732d 706b g-sourcepkg s-pk\n-00092e50: 672d 736f 7572 6365 7472 6565 7f34 3332 g-sourcetree.432\n-00092e60: 3939 380a 5265 663a 2031 6235 7f34 3332 998.Ref: 1b5.432\n-00092e70: 3939 380a 5265 663a 2061 702d 706b 672d 998.Ref: ap-pkg-\n-00092e80: 736f 7572 6365 706b 6720 7468 652d 6465 sourcepkg the-de\n-00092e90: 6269 616e 2d70 6163 6b61 6765 2d73 6f75 bian-package-sou\n-00092ea0: 7263 652d 7472 6565 7f34 3332 3939 380a rce-tree.432998.\n-00092eb0: 5265 663a 2031 6330 7f34 3332 3939 380a Ref: 1c0.432998.\n-00092ec0: 4e6f 6465 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c Node: debian/rul\n-00092ed0: 6573 202d 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e20 6275 es - the main bu\n-00092ee0: 696c 6469 6e67 2073 6372 6970 747f 3433 ilding script.43\n-00092ef0: 3337 3633 0a52 6566 3a20 6170 2d70 6b67 3763.Ref: ap-pkg\n-00092f00: 2d73 6f75 7263 6570 6b67 2064 6562 6961 -sourcepkg debia\n-00092f10: 6e2d 7275 6c65 732d 7468 652d 6d61 696e 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Ref: 219.501154.\n-00095190: 4e6f 6465 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3320 Node: Version 3 \n-000951a0: 3920 367f 3530 3137 3830 0a52 6566 3a20 9 6.501780.Ref: \n-000951b0: 7570 6772 6164 696e 672d 6368 6563 6b6c upgrading-checkl\n-000951c0: 6973 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e2d 332d 392d ist version-3-9-\n-000951d0: 367f 3530 3139 3030 0a52 6566 3a20 3231 6.501900.Ref: 21\n-000951e0: 617f 3530 3139 3030 0a4e 6f64 653a 2056 a.501900.Node: V\n-000951f0: 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 2039 2035 7f35 3033 ersion 3 9 5.503\n-00095200: 3338 340a 5265 663a 2075 7067 7261 6469 384.Ref: upgradi\n-00095210: 6e67 2d63 6865 636b 6c69 7374 2076 6572 ng-checklist ver\n-00095220: 7369 6f6e 2d33 2d39 2d35 7f35 3033 3530 sion-3-9-5.50350\n-00095230: 340a 5265 663a 2032 3162 7f35 3033 3530 4.Ref: 21b.50350\n-00095240: 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 4.Node: Version \n-00095250: 3320 3920 347f 3530 3532 3336 0a52 6566 3 9 4.505236.Ref\n-00095260: 3a20 7570 6772 6164 696e 672d 6368 6563 : upgrading-chec\n-00095270: 6b6c 6973 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e2d 332d klist version-3-\n-00095280: 392d 347f 3530 3533 3536 0a52 6566 3a20 9-4.505356.Ref: \n-00095290: 3231 637f 3530 3533 3536 0a4e 6f64 653a 21c.505356.Node:\n-000952a0: 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 2039 2033 7f35 Version 3 9 3.5\n-000952b0: 3037 3035 300a 5265 663a 2075 7067 7261 07050.Ref: upgra\n-000952c0: 6469 6e67 2d63 6865 636b 6c69 7374 2076 ding-checklist v\n-000952d0: 6572 7369 6f6e 2d33 2d39 2d33 7f35 3037 ersion-3-9-3.507\n-000952e0: 3137 300a 5265 663a 2032 3164 7f35 3037 170.Ref: 21d.507\n-000952f0: 3137 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5665 7273 696f 170.Node: Versio\n-00095300: 6e20 3320 3920 327f 3530 3937 3931 0a52 n 3 9 2.509791.R\n-00095310: 6566 3a20 7570 6772 6164 696e 672d 6368 ef: upgrading-ch\n-00095320: 6563 6b6c 6973 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e2d ecklist version-\n-00095330: 332d 392d 327f 3530 3939 3131 0a52 6566 3-9-2.509911.Ref\n-00095340: 3a20 3231 657f 3530 3939 3131 0a4e 6f64 : 21e.509911.Nod\n-00095350: 653a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 2039 2031 e: Version 3 9 1\n-00095360: 7f35 3132 3435 370a 5265 663a 2075 7067 .512457.Ref: upg\n-00095370: 7261 6469 6e67 2d63 6865 636b 6c69 7374 rading-checklist\n-00095380: 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2d33 2d39 2d31 7f35 version-3-9-1.5\n-00095390: 3132 3537 370a 5265 663a 2032 3166 7f35 12577.Ref: 21f.5\n-000953a0: 3132 3537 370a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5665 7273 12577.Node: Vers\n-000953b0: 696f 6e20 3320 3920 307f 3531 3538 3830 ion 3 9 0.515880\n-000953c0: 0a52 6566 3a20 7570 6772 6164 696e 672d .Ref: upgrading-\n-000953d0: 6368 6563 6b6c 6973 7420 7665 7273 696f checklist versio\n-000953e0: 6e2d 332d 392d 307f 3531 3630 3030 0a52 n-3-9-0.516000.R\n-000953f0: 6566 3a20 3232 307f 3531 3630 3030 0a4e ef: 220.516000.N\n-00095400: 6f64 653a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 2038 ode: Version 3 8\n-00095410: 2034 7f35 3139 3337 370a 5265 663a 2075 4.519377.Ref: u\n-00095420: 7067 7261 6469 6e67 2d63 6865 636b 6c69 pgrading-checkli\n-00095430: 7374 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2d33 2d38 2d34 st version-3-8-4\n-00095440: 7f35 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This sectio\n+0004cab0: 6e20 6465 7363 7269 6265 7320 686f 7720 n describes how \n+0004cac0: 7468 6174 2069 7320 646f 6e65 2e0a 0a2a that is done...*\n+0004cad0: 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 496e 7472 6f64 Menu:..* Introd\n+0004cae0: 7563 7469 6f6e 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 uction: Introduc\n+0004caf0: 7469 6f6e 3c32 3e2e 0a2a 2057 7269 7469 tion<2>..* Writi\n+0004cb00: 6e67 2074 6865 2073 6372 6970 7473 3a3a ng the scripts::\n+0004cb10: 0a2a 2049 6e74 6572 6661 6369 6e67 2077 .* Interfacing w\n+0004cb20: 6974 6820 696e 6974 2073 7973 7465 6d73 ith init systems\n+0004cb30: 3a3a 0a2a 2042 6f6f 742d 7469 6d65 2069 ::.* Boot-time i\n+0004cb40: 6e69 7469 616c 697a 6174 696f 6e3a 3a0a nitialization::.\n+0004cb50: 2a20 4578 616d 706c 653a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 * Example::....F\n+0004cb60: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n+0004cb70: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n+0004cb80: 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 3c32 3e2c Introduction<2>,\n+0004cb90: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 5772 6974 696e 6720 Next: Writing \n+0004cba0: 7468 6520 7363 7269 7074 732c 2020 5570 the scripts, Up\n+0004cbb0: 3a20 5374 6172 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 : Starting syste\n+0004cbc0: 6d20 7365 7276 6963 6573 0a0a 392e 332e m services..9.3.\n+0004cbd0: 3120 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e 0a2d 1 Introduction.-\n+0004cbe0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0004cbf0: 2d0a 0a54 6865 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2069 -..The default i\n+0004cc00: 6e69 7420 7379 7374 656d 2061 6e64 2073 nit system and s\n+0004cc10: 6572 7669 6365 206d 616e 6167 6572 2069 ervice manager i\n+0004cc20: 6e20 4465 6269 616e 2069 7320 e280 9873 n Debian is ...s\n+0004cc30: 7973 7465 6d64 e280 992e 0a50 6163 6b61 ystemd.....Packa\n+0004cc40: 6765 7320 7468 6174 2077 6973 6820 746f ges that wish to\n+0004cc50: 2061 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c 6c79 2073 automatically s\n+0004cc60: 7461 7274 2061 6e64 2073 746f 7020 7379 tart and stop sy\n+0004cc70: 7374 656d 2073 6572 7669 6365 7320 6d75 stem services mu\n+0004cc80: 7374 0a69 6e63 6c75 6465 20e2 8098 7379 st.include ...sy\n+0004cc90: 7374 656d 64e2 8099 2073 6572 7669 6365 stemd... service\n+0004cca0: 2075 6e69 7473 2074 6f20 646f 2073 6f2c units to do so,\n+0004ccb0: 2075 6e6c 6573 7320 7468 6520 7365 7276 unless the serv\n+0004ccc0: 6963 6520 6973 206f 6e6c 790a 696e 7465 ice is only.inte\n+0004ccd0: 6e64 6564 2066 6f72 2075 7365 206f 6e20 nded for use on \n+0004cce0: 7379 7374 656d 7320 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 systems running \n+0004ccf0: 616c 7465 726e 6174 6520 696e 6974 2073 alternate init s\n+0004cd00: 7973 7465 6d73 2e20 2053 6565 0ae2 8098 ystems. See....\n+0004cd10: 7379 7374 656d 642e 7365 7276 6963 6528 systemd.service(\n+0004cd20: 3529 e280 9920 666f 7220 6465 7461 696c 5)... for detail\n+0004cd30: 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 2073 796e 7461 7820 s on the syntax \n+0004cd40: 6f66 2061 2073 6572 7669 6365 2075 6e69 of a service uni\n+0004cd50: 7420 6669 6c65 2e0a 0a49 6e20 7468 6520 t file...In the \n+0004cd60: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2063 6173 6520 7468 6174 common case that\n+0004cd70: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 6e63 6c75 a package inclu\n+0004cd80: 6465 7320 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 2073 7973 des a single sys\n+0004cd90: 7465 6d20 7365 7276 6963 652c 2074 6865 tem service, the\n+0004cda0: 0a73 6572 7669 6365 2075 6e69 7420 7368 .service unit sh\n+0004cdb0: 6f75 6c64 2068 6176 6520 7468 6520 7361 ould have the sa\n+0004cdc0: 6d65 206e 616d 6520 6173 2074 6865 2070 me name as the p\n+0004cdd0: 6163 6b61 6765 2070 6c75 7320 7468 650a ackage plus the.\n+0004cde0: e280 982e 7365 7276 6963 65e2 8099 2065 ....service... e\n+0004cdf0: 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 2e0a 0a50 6163 6b61 xtension...Packa\n+0004ce00: 6765 7320 696e 636c 7564 696e 6720 6120 ges including a \n+0004ce10: 7365 7276 6963 6520 756e 6974 206d 6179 service unit may\n+0004ce20: 206f 7074 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 696e 636c optionally incl\n+0004ce30: 7564 6520 616e 2069 6e69 7420 7363 7269 ude an init scri\n+0004ce40: 7074 0a74 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6f74 pt.to support ot\n+0004ce50: 6865 7220 696e 6974 2073 7973 7465 6d73 her init systems\n+0004ce60: 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6973 2063 6173 652c . In this case,\n+0004ce70: 2074 6865 2069 6e69 7420 7363 7269 7074 the init script\n+0004ce80: 2073 686f 756c 640a 6861 7665 2074 6865 should.have the\n+0004ce90: 2073 616d 6520 6e61 6d65 2061 7320 7468 same name as th\n+0004cea0: 6520 e280 9873 7973 7465 6d64 e280 9920 e ...systemd... \n+0004ceb0: 7365 7276 6963 6520 756e 6974 2073 6f20 service unit so \n+0004cec0: 7468 6174 20e2 8098 7379 7374 656d 64e2 that ...systemd.\n+0004ced0: 8099 2077 696c 6c0a 6967 6e6f 7265 2069 .. will.ignore i\n+0004cee0: 7420 616e 6420 7573 6520 7468 6520 7365 t and use the se\n+0004cef0: 7276 6963 6520 756e 6974 2069 6e73 7465 rvice unit inste\n+0004cf00: 6164 2e20 2050 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6d61 ad. Packages ma\n+0004cf10: 7920 616c 736f 2073 7570 706f 7274 0a6f y also support.o\n+0004cf20: 7468 6572 2069 6e69 7420 7379 7374 656d ther init system\n+0004cf30: 7320 6279 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2063 s by including c\n+0004cf40: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2069 6e20 onfiguration in \n+0004cf50: 7468 6520 6e61 7469 7665 2066 6f72 6d61 the native forma\n+0004cf60: 7420 6f66 0a74 686f 7365 2069 6e69 7420 t of.those init \n+0004cf70: 7379 7374 656d 732e 0a0a e280 9873 7973 systems......sys\n+0004cf80: 7465 6d64 e280 9920 7573 6573 2064 6570 temd... uses dep\n+0004cf90: 656e 6465 6e63 7920 616e 6420 6f72 6465 endency and orde\n+0004cfa0: 7269 6e67 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e ring information\n+0004cfb0: 2063 6f6e 7461 696e 6564 2077 6974 6869 contained withi\n+0004cfc0: 6e20 7468 650a 656e 6162 6c65 6420 756e n the.enabled un\n+0004cfd0: 6974 2066 696c 6573 2074 6f20 6465 6369 it files to deci\n+0004cfe0: 6465 2077 6869 6368 2073 6572 7669 6365 de which service\n+0004cff0: 7320 746f 2072 756e 2061 6e64 2069 6e20 s to run and in \n+0004d000: 7768 6963 6820 6f72 6465 722e 0a54 6865 which order..The\n+0004d010: 20e2 8098 7379 7376 2d72 63e2 8099 2072 ...sysv-rc... r\n+0004d020: 756e 6c65 7665 6c20 7379 7374 656d 2066 unlevel system f\n+0004d030: 6f72 20e2 8098 7379 7376 696e 6974 e280 or ...sysvinit..\n+0004d040: 9920 7573 6573 2073 796d 6c69 6e6b 7320 . uses symlinks \n+0004d050: 696e 0ae2 8098 2f65 7463 2f72 636e 2e64 in..../etc/rcn.d\n+0004d060: e280 9920 746f 2064 6563 6964 6520 7768 ... to decide wh\n+0004d070: 6963 6820 7363 7269 7074 7320 746f 2072 ich scripts to r\n+0004d080: 756e 2061 6e64 2069 6e20 7768 6963 6820 un and in which \n+0004d090: 6f72 6465 7220 6174 2062 6f6f 740a 7469 order at boot.ti\n+0004d0a0: 6d65 2061 6e64 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6520 me and when the \n+0004d0b0: 696e 6974 2073 7461 7465 2028 6f72 20e2 init state (or .\n+0004d0c0: 809c 7275 6e6c 6576 656c e280 9d29 2069 ..runlevel...) i\n+0004d0d0: 7320 6368 616e 6765 642e 2020 5365 6520 s changed. See \n+0004d0e0: 7468 650a e280 9852 4541 444d 452e 7275 the....README.ru\n+0004d0f0: 6e6c 6576 656c 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 nlevels... file \n+0004d100: 7368 6970 7065 6420 7769 7468 20e2 8098 shipped with ...\n+0004d110: 7379 7376 2d72 63e2 8099 2066 6f72 2069 sysv-rc... for i\n+0004d120: 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e0a 6465 mplementation.de\n+0004d130: 7461 696c 732e 2020 4f74 6865 7220 616c tails. Other al\n+0004d140: 7465 726e 6174 6976 6573 206d 6967 6874 ternatives might\n+0004d150: 2065 7869 7374 2e0a 0a54 6865 2073 6563 exist...The sec\n+0004d160: 7469 6f6e 7320 6265 6c6f 7720 6465 7363 tions below desc\n+0004d170: 7269 6265 2068 6f77 2074 6f20 7772 6974 ribe how to writ\n+0004d180: 6520 7468 6f73 6520 7363 7269 7074 7320 e those scripts \n+0004d190: 616e 6420 636f 6e66 6967 7572 650a 7468 and configure.th\n+0004d1a0: 6f73 6520 7379 6d6c 696e 6b73 2e0a 0a1f ose symlinks....\n+0004d1b0: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n+0004d1c0: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n+0004d1d0: 3a20 5772 6974 696e 6720 7468 6520 7363 : Writing the sc\n+0004d1e0: 7269 7074 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 496e ripts, Next: In\n+0004d1f0: 7465 7266 6163 696e 6720 7769 7468 2069 terfacing with i\n+0004d200: 6e69 7420 7379 7374 656d 732c 2020 5072 nit systems, Pr\n+0004d210: 6576 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 7469 6f6e ev: Introduction\n+0004d220: 3c32 3e2c 2020 5570 3a20 5374 6172 7469 <2>, Up: Starti\n+0004d230: 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7365 7276 6963 ng system servic\n+0004d240: 6573 0a0a 392e 332e 3220 5772 6974 696e es..9.3.2 Writin\n+0004d250: 6720 7468 6520 7363 7269 7074 730a 2d2d g the scripts.--\n+0004d260: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0004d270: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a49 6e69 7420 7363 -------..Init sc\n+0004d280: 7269 7074 7320 6172 6520 706c 6163 6564 ripts are placed\n+0004d290: 2069 6e20 e280 982f 6574 632f 696e 6974 in .../etc/init\n+0004d2a0: 2e64 e280 992e 2020 496e 2074 6865 2063 .d.... In the c\n+0004d2b0: 6f6d 6d6f 6e20 6361 7365 2074 6861 7420 ommon case that \n+0004d2c0: 610a 7061 636b 6167 6520 7374 6172 7473 a.package starts\n+0004d2d0: 2061 2073 696e 676c 6520 7365 7276 6963 a single servic\n+0004d2e0: 652c 2074 6865 7920 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 e, they should b\n+0004d2f0: 6520 6e61 6d65 640a e280 982f 6574 632f e named..../etc/\n+0004d300: 696e 6974 2e64 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 e280 init.d/package..\n+0004d310: 992e 2020 5468 6579 2073 686f 756c 6420 .. They should \n+0004d320: 6163 6365 7074 206f 6e65 2061 7267 756d accept one argum\n+0004d330: 656e 742c 2073 6179 696e 6720 7768 6174 ent, saying what\n+0004d340: 2074 6f0a 646f 3a0a 0ae2 8098 7374 6172 to.do:.....star\n+0004d350: 74e2 8099 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 7461 7274 t..... start\n+0004d360: 2074 6865 2073 6572 7669 6365 2c0a 0ae2 the service,...\n+0004d370: 8098 7374 6f70 e280 990a 0a20 2020 2020 ..stop..... \n+0004d380: 7374 6f70 2074 6865 2073 6572 7669 6365 stop the service\n+0004d390: 2c0a 0ae2 8098 7265 7374 6172 74e2 8099 ,.....restart...\n+0004d3a0: 0a0a 2020 2020 2073 746f 7020 616e 6420 .. stop and \n+0004d3b0: 7265 7374 6172 7420 7468 6520 7365 7276 restart the serv\n+0004d3c0: 6963 6520 6966 2069 74e2 8099 7320 616c ice if it...s al\n+0004d3d0: 7265 6164 7920 7275 6e6e 696e 672c 206f ready running, o\n+0004d3e0: 7468 6572 7769 7365 0a20 2020 2020 7374 therwise. st\n+0004d3f0: 6172 7420 7468 6520 7365 7276 6963 650a art the service.\n+0004d400: 0ae2 8098 7472 792d 7265 7374 6172 74e2 ....try-restart.\n+0004d410: 8099 0a0a 2020 2020 2072 6573 7461 7274 .... restart\n+0004d420: 2074 6865 2073 6572 7669 6365 2069 6620 the service if \n+0004d430: 6974 e280 9973 2061 6c72 6561 6479 2072 it...s already r\n+0004d440: 756e 6e69 6e67 2c20 6f74 6865 7277 6973 unning, otherwis\n+0004d450: 6520 6a75 7374 2072 6570 6f72 740a 2020 e just report. \n+0004d460: 2020 2073 7563 6365 7373 2e0a 0ae2 8098 success......\n+0004d470: 7265 6c6f 6164 e280 990a 0a20 2020 2020 reload..... \n+0004d480: 6361 7573 6520 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 cause the config\n+0004d490: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2073 uration of the s\n+0004d4a0: 6572 7669 6365 2074 6f20 6265 2072 656c ervice to be rel\n+0004d4b0: 6f61 6465 6420 7769 7468 6f75 740a 2020 oaded without. \n+0004d4c0: 2020 2061 6374 7561 6c6c 7920 7374 6f70 actually stop\n+0004d4d0: 7069 6e67 2061 6e64 2072 6573 7461 7274 ping and restart\n+0004d4e0: 696e 6720 7468 6520 7365 7276 6963 652c ing the service,\n+0004d4f0: 0a0a e280 9866 6f72 6365 2d72 656c 6f61 .....force-reloa\n+0004d500: 64e2 8099 0a0a 2020 2020 2063 6175 7365 d..... cause\n+0004d510: 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 the configurati\n+0004d520: 6f6e 2074 6f20 6265 2072 656c 6f61 6465 on to be reloade\n+0004d530: 6420 6966 2074 6865 2073 6572 7669 6365 d if the service\n+0004d540: 2073 7570 706f 7274 730a 2020 2020 2074 supports. t\n+0004d550: 6869 732c 206f 7468 6572 7769 7365 2072 his, otherwise r\n+0004d560: 6573 7461 7274 2074 6865 2073 6572 7669 estart the servi\n+0004d570: 6365 2e0a 0ae2 8098 7374 6174 7573 e280 ce......status..\n+0004d580: 990a 0a20 2020 2020 7265 706f 7274 2074 ... report t\n+0004d590: 6865 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2073 7461 7475 he current statu\n+0004d5a0: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2073 6572 7669 6365 s of the service\n+0004d5b0: 0a0a 5468 6520 e280 9873 7461 7274 e280 ..The ...start..\n+0004d5c0: 992c 20e2 8098 7374 6f70 e280 992c 20e2 ., ...stop..., .\n+0004d5d0: 8098 7265 7374 6172 74e2 8099 2c20 616e ..restart..., an\n+0004d5e0: 6420 e280 9866 6f72 6365 2d72 656c 6f61 d ...force-reloa\n+0004d5f0: 64e2 8099 206f 7074 696f 6e73 2073 686f d... options sho\n+0004d600: 756c 6420 6265 0a73 7570 706f 7274 6564 uld be.supported\n+0004d610: 2062 7920 616c 6c20 696e 6974 2073 6372 by all init scr\n+0004d620: 6970 7473 2e20 2053 7570 706f 7274 696e ipts. 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This wi\n+0004e600: 6c6c 2074 7970 6963 616c 6c79 0a6d 6561 ll typically.mea\n+0004e610: 6e20 6372 6561 7469 6e67 2061 6e79 2072 n creating any r\n+0004e620: 6571 7569 7265 6420 7375 6264 6972 6563 equired subdirec\n+0004e630: 746f 7269 6573 2064 796e 616d 6963 616c tories dynamical\n+0004e640: 6c79 2077 6865 6e20 7468 6520 e280 9869 ly when the ...i\n+0004e650: 6e69 742e 64e2 8099 0a73 6372 6970 7420 nit.d....script \n+0004e660: 6973 2072 756e 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f is run. See *no\n+0004e670: 7465 202f 7275 6e20 616e 6420 2f72 756e te /run and /run\n+0004e680: 2f6c 6f63 6b3a 2031 3265 2e20 666f 7220 /lock: 12e. for \n+0004e690: 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e more information\n+0004e6a0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ... ----------\n+0004e6b0: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n+0004e6c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 e280 -----.. (1) ..\n+0004e6d0: 982f 6c69 622f 6c73 622f 696e 6974 2d66 ./lib/lsb/init-f\n+0004e6e0: 756e 6374 696f 6e73 e280 992c 2077 6869 unctions..., whi\n+0004e6f0: 6368 2061 7373 6973 7473 2069 6e20 7772 ch assists in wr\n+0004e700: 6974 696e 6720 4c53 422d 636f 6d70 6c69 iting LSB-compli\n+0004e710: 616e 740a 696e 6974 2073 6372 6970 7473 ant.init scripts\n+0004e720: 2c20 6d61 7920 6661 696c 2069 6620 e280 , may fail if ..\n+0004e730: 9873 6574 202d 65e2 8099 2069 7320 696e .set -e... is in\n+0004e740: 2065 6666 6563 7420 616e 6420 6563 686f effect and echo\n+0004e750: 696e 6720 7374 6174 7573 0a6d 6573 7361 ing status.messa\n+0004e760: 6765 7320 746f 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 736f ges to the conso\n+0004e770: 6c65 2066 6169 6c73 2c20 666f 7220 6578 le fails, for ex\n+0004e780: 616d 706c 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ample.....File: \n+0004e790: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+0004e7a0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e74 6572 fo, Node: Inter\n+0004e7b0: 6661 6369 6e67 2077 6974 6820 696e 6974 facing with init\n+0004e7c0: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 204e 6578 743a systems, Next:\n+0004e7d0: 2042 6f6f 742d 7469 6d65 2069 6e69 7469 Boot-time initi\n+0004e7e0: 616c 697a 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 alization, Prev\n+0004e7f0: 3a20 5772 6974 696e 6720 7468 6520 7363 : Writing the sc\n+0004e800: 7269 7074 732c 2020 5570 3a20 5374 6172 ripts, Up: Star\n+0004e810: 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7365 7276 ting system serv\n+0004e820: 6963 6573 0a0a 392e 332e 3320 496e 7465 ices..9.3.3 Inte\n+0004e830: 7266 6163 696e 6720 7769 7468 2069 6e69 rfacing with ini\n+0004e840: 7420 7379 7374 656d 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d t systems.------\n+0004e850: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0004e860: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a4d -------------..M\n+0004e870: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 aintainer script\n+0004e880: 7320 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2069 s for packages i\n+0004e890: 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2069 6e69 7420 7363 ncluding init sc\n+0004e8a0: 7269 7074 7320 6d75 7374 2075 7365 0ae2 ripts must use..\n+0004e8b0: 8098 7570 6461 7465 2d72 632e 64e2 8099 ..update-rc.d...\n+0004e8c0: 2061 7320 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 6265 as described be\n+0004e8d0: 6c6f 7720 746f 2069 6e74 6572 6163 7420 low to interact \n+0004e8e0: 7769 7468 2074 6865 2073 6572 7669 6365 with the service\n+0004e8f0: 206d 616e 6167 6572 0a66 6f72 2072 6571 manager.for req\n+0004e900: 7565 7374 7320 7375 6368 2061 7320 656e uests such as en\n+0004e910: 6162 6c69 6e67 206f 7220 6469 7361 626c abling or disabl\n+0004e920: 696e 6720 7365 7276 6963 6573 2e20 2054 ing services. T\n+0004e930: 6865 7920 7368 6f75 6c64 2075 7365 0ae2 hey should use..\n+0004e940: 8098 696e 766f 6b65 2d72 632e 64e2 8099 ..invoke-rc.d...\n+0004e950: 2061 7320 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 6265 as described be\n+0004e960: 6c6f 7720 746f 2069 6e76 6f6b 6520 696e low to invoke in\n+0004e970: 6974 2073 6372 6970 7473 2066 6f72 2072 it scripts for r\n+0004e980: 6571 7565 7374 730a 7375 6368 2061 7320 equests.such as \n+0004e990: 7374 6172 7469 6e67 2061 6e64 2073 746f starting and sto\n+0004e9a0: 7070 696e 6720 7365 7276 6963 652e 0a0a pping service...\n+0004e9b0: 4469 7265 6374 6c79 206d 616e 6167 696e Directly managin\n+0004e9c0: 6720 7468 6520 e280 982f 6574 632f 7263 g the .../etc/rc\n+0004e9d0: 3f2e 64e2 8099 206c 696e 6b73 2061 6e64 ?.d... links and\n+0004e9e0: 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 696e 766f 6b69 directly invoki\n+0004e9f0: 6e67 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 2f65 7463 2f69 ng the..../etc/i\n+0004ea00: 6e69 742e 642f e280 9920 696e 6974 2073 nit.d/... init s\n+0004ea10: 6372 6970 7473 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 cripts should be\n+0004ea20: 2064 6f6e 6520 6f6e 6c79 2062 7920 7061 done only by pa\n+0004ea30: 636b 6167 6573 2070 726f 7669 6469 6e67 ckages providing\n+0004ea40: 0a74 6865 2069 6e69 7420 7363 7269 7074 .the init script\n+0004ea50: 2073 7562 7379 7374 656d 2028 7375 6368 subsystem (such\n+0004ea60: 2061 7320 e280 9869 6e69 742d 7379 7374 as ...init-syst\n+0004ea70: 656d 2d68 656c 7065 7273 e280 9929 2e0a em-helpers...)..\n+0004ea80: 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4d61 6e61 .* Menu:..* Mana\n+0004ea90: 6769 6e67 2074 6865 206c 696e 6b73 3a3a ging the links::\n+0004eaa0: 0a2a 2052 756e 6e69 6e67 2069 6e69 7420 .* Running init \n+0004eab0: 7363 7269 7074 733a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c scripts::....Fil\n+0004eac0: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n+0004ead0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d61 .info, Node: Ma\n+0004eae0: 6e61 6769 6e67 2074 6865 206c 696e 6b73 naging the links\n+0004eaf0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2052 756e 6e69 6e67 , Next: Running\n+0004eb00: 2069 6e69 7420 7363 7269 7074 732c 2020 init scripts, \n+0004eb10: 5570 3a20 496e 7465 7266 6163 696e 6720 Up: Interfacing \n+0004eb20: 7769 7468 2069 6e69 7420 7379 7374 656d with init system\n+0004eb30: 730a 0a39 2e33 2e33 2e31 204d 616e 6167 s..9.3.3.1 Manag\n+0004eb40: 696e 6720 7468 6520 6c69 6e6b 730a 2e2e ing the links...\n+0004eb50: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e ................\n+0004eb60: 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 2e2e 0a0a 5468 6520 7072 ..........The pr\n+0004eb70: 6f67 7261 6d20 e280 9875 7064 6174 652d ogram ...update-\n+0004eb80: 7263 2e64 e280 9920 6973 2070 726f 7669 rc.d... is provi\n+0004eb90: 6465 6420 666f 7220 7061 636b 6167 6520 ded for package \n+0004eba0: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 746f 2061 maintainers to a\n+0004ebb0: 7272 616e 6765 0a66 6f72 2074 6865 2070 rrange.for the p\n+0004ebc0: 726f 7065 7220 6372 6561 7469 6f6e 2061 roper creation a\n+0004ebd0: 6e64 2072 656d 6f76 616c 206f 6620 e280 nd removal of ..\n+0004ebe0: 982f 6574 632f 7263 6e2e 64e2 8099 2073 ./etc/rcn.d... s\n+0004ebf0: 796d 626f 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b 732c 206f ymbolic links, o\n+0004ec00: 720a 7468 6569 7220 6675 6e63 7469 6f6e r.their function\n+0004ec10: 616c 2065 7175 6976 616c 656e 7420 6966 al equivalent if\n+0004ec20: 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 206d 6574 686f 6420 another method \n+0004ec30: 6973 2062 6569 6e67 2075 7365 642e 2020 is being used. \n+0004ec40: 4974 2069 730a 696e 7465 6e64 6564 2066 It is.intended f\n+0004ec50: 6f72 2075 7365 2069 6e20 7061 636b 6167 or use in packag\n+0004ec60: 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 e maintainer scr\n+0004ec70: 6970 7473 2e0a 0a59 6f75 206d 7573 7420 ipts...You must \n+0004ec80: 6e6f 7420 696e 636c 7564 6520 616e 7920 not include any \n+0004ec90: e280 982f 6574 632f 7263 6e2e 64e2 8099 .../etc/rcn.d...\n+0004eca0: 2073 796d 626f 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b 7320 symbolic links \n+0004ecb0: 696e 2074 6865 2061 6374 7561 6c0a 6172 in the actual.ar\n+0004ecc0: 6368 6976 6520 6f72 206d 616e 7561 6c6c chive or manuall\n+0004ecd0: 7920 6372 6561 7465 206f 7220 7265 6d6f y create or remo\n+0004ece0: 7665 2074 6865 2073 796d 626f 6c69 6320 ve the symbolic \n+0004ecf0: 6c69 6e6b 7320 696e 206d 6169 6e74 6169 links in maintai\n+0004ed00: 6e65 720a 7363 7269 7074 733b 2079 6f75 ner.scripts; you\n+0004ed10: 206d 7573 7420 7573 6520 7468 6520 e280 must use the ..\n+0004ed20: 9875 7064 6174 652d 7263 2e64 e280 9920 .update-rc.d... \n+0004ed30: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 696e 7374 6561 642e program instead.\n+0004ed40: 2020 2854 6865 2066 6f72 6d65 720a 7769 (The former.wi\n+0004ed50: 6c6c 2066 6169 6c20 6966 2061 6e20 616c ll fail if an al\n+0004ed60: 7465 726e 6174 6976 6520 6d65 7468 6f64 ternative method\n+0004ed70: 206f 6620 6d61 696e 7461 696e 696e 6720 of maintaining \n+0004ed80: 7275 6e6c 6576 656c 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 runlevel informa\n+0004ed90: 7469 6f6e 0a69 7320 6265 696e 6720 7573 tion.is being us\n+0004eda0: 6564 2e29 2020 596f 7520 6d75 7374 206e ed.) 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An exampl\n+0004fe20: 6520 6f6e 2077 6869 6368 2079 6f75 0a63 e on which you.c\n+0004fe30: 616e 2062 6173 6520 796f 7572 2069 6e69 an base your ini\n+0004fe40: 7420 7363 7269 7074 7320 6973 2061 7661 t scripts is ava\n+0004fe50: 696c 6162 6c65 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6d61 ilable in the ma\n+0004fe60: 6e20 7061 6765 0ae2 8098 696e 6974 2d64 n page....init-d\n+0004fe70: 2d73 6372 6970 7428 3529 e280 992e 0a0a -script(5)......\n+0004fe80: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n+0004fe90: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n+0004fea0: 653a 2043 6f6e 736f 6c65 206d 6573 7361 e: Console messa\n+0004feb0: 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 2069 6e69 7420 6420 ges from init d \n+0004fec0: 7363 7269 7074 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 scripts, Next: \n+0004fed0: 4372 6f6e 206a 6f62 732c 2020 5072 6576 Cron jobs, Prev\n+0004fee0: 3a20 5374 6172 7469 6e67 2073 7973 7465 : Starting syste\n+0004fef0: 6d20 7365 7276 6963 6573 2c20 2055 703a m services, Up:\n+0004ff00: 2054 6865 204f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2053 The Operating S\n+0004ff10: 7973 7465 6d0a 0a39 2e34 2043 6f6e 736f ystem..9.4 Conso\n+0004ff20: 6c65 206d 6573 7361 6765 7320 6672 6f6d le messages from\n+0004ff30: 20e2 8098 696e 6974 2e64 e280 9920 7363 ...init.d... sc\n+0004ff40: 7269 7074 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ripts.==========\n+0004ff50: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0004ff60: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0004ff70: 0a0a 5468 6973 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2068 ..This section h\n+0004ff80: 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6465 6c65 7465 642e as been deleted.\n+0004ff90: 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e ....File: debian\n+0004ffa0: 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e -policy.info, N\n+0004ffb0: 6f64 653a 2043 726f 6e20 6a6f 6273 2c20 ode: Cron jobs, \n+0004ffc0: 204e 6578 743a 204d 656e 7573 2c20 2050 Next: Menus, P\n+0004ffd0: 7265 763a 2043 6f6e 736f 6c65 206d 6573 rev: Console mes\n+0004ffe0: 7361 6765 7320 6672 6f6d 2069 6e69 7420 sages from init \n+0004fff0: 6420 7363 7269 7074 732c 2020 5570 3a20 d scripts, Up: \n+00050000: 5468 6520 4f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 5379 The Operating Sy\n+00050010: 7374 656d 0a0a 392e 3520 4372 6f6e 206a stem..9.5 Cron j\n+00050020: 6f62 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d obs.============\n+00050030: 3d0a 0a50 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6d75 7374 =..Packages must\n+00050040: 206e 6f74 206d 6f64 6966 7920 7468 6520 not modify the \n+00050050: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n+00050060: 6c65 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f63 726f 6e74 le .../etc/cront\n+00050070: 6162 e280 992c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 790a ab..., and they.\n+00050080: 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 206d 6f64 6966 7920 must not modify \n+00050090: 7468 6520 6669 6c65 7320 696e 20e2 8098 the files in ...\n+000500a0: 2f76 6172 2f73 706f 6f6c 2f63 726f 6e2f /var/spool/cron/\n+000500b0: 6372 6f6e 7461 6273 e280 992e 0a0a 4966 crontabs......If\n+000500c0: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 616e 7473 a package wants\n+000500d0: 2074 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 6120 6a6f to install a jo\n+000500e0: 6220 7468 6174 2068 6173 2074 6f20 6265 b that has to be\n+000500f0: 2065 7865 6375 7465 6420 7669 6120 6372 executed via cr\n+00050100: 6f6e 2c20 6974 0a73 686f 756c 6420 706c on, it.should pl\n+00050110: 6163 6520 6120 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6564 ace a file named\n+00050120: 2061 7320 7370 6563 6966 6965 6420 696e as specified in\n+00050130: 202a 6e6f 7465 2043 726f 6e20 6a6f 6220 *note Cron job \n+00050140: 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6573 3a0a 3134 622e file names:.14b.\n+00050150: 2069 6e74 6f20 6f6e 6520 6f72 206d 6f72 into one or mor\n+00050160: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 e of the followi\n+00050170: 6e67 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 3a0a ng directories:.\n+00050180: 0a20 2020 2d20 e280 982f 6574 632f 6372 . - .../etc/cr\n+00050190: 6f6e 2e68 6f75 726c 79e2 8099 0a0a 2020 on.hourly..... \n+000501a0: 202d 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f63 726f 6e2e - .../etc/cron.\n+000501b0: 6461 696c 79e2 8099 0a0a 2020 202d 20e2 daily..... - .\n+000501c0: 8098 2f65 7463 2f63 726f 6e2e 7765 656b ../etc/cron.week\n+000501d0: 6c79 e280 990a 0a20 2020 2d20 e280 982f ly..... - .../\n+000501e0: 6574 632f 6372 6f6e 2e6d 6f6e 7468 6c79 etc/cron.monthly\n+000501f0: e280 990a 0a41 7320 7468 6573 6520 6469 .....As these di\n+00050200: 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6e61 6d65 7320 696d rectory names im\n+00050210: 706c 792c 2074 6865 2066 696c 6573 2077 ply, the files w\n+00050220: 6974 6869 6e20 7468 656d 2061 7265 2065 ithin them are e\n+00050230: 7865 6375 7465 6420 6f6e 2061 6e0a 686f xecuted on an.ho\n+00050240: 7572 6c79 2c20 6461 696c 792c 2077 6565 urly, daily, wee\n+00050250: 6b6c 792c 206f 7220 6d6f 6e74 686c 7920 kly, or monthly \n+00050260: 6261 7369 732c 2072 6573 7065 6374 6976 basis, respectiv\n+00050270: 656c 792e 2020 5468 6520 6578 6163 7420 ely. The exact \n+00050280: 7469 6d65 730a 6172 6520 6c69 7374 6564 times.are listed\n+00050290: 2069 6e20 e280 982f 6574 632f 6372 6f6e in .../etc/cron\n+000502a0: 7461 62e2 8099 2e0a 0a41 6c6c 2066 696c tab......All fil\n+000502b0: 6573 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2069 6e20 es installed in \n+000502c0: 616e 7920 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2064 6972 any of these dir\n+000502d0: 6563 746f 7269 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 ectories must be\n+000502e0: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2028 652e 672e 2c0a scripts (e.g.,.\n+000502f0: 7368 656c 6c20 7363 7269 7074 7320 6f72 shell scripts or\n+00050300: 2050 6572 6c20 7363 7269 7074 7329 2073 Perl scripts) s\n+00050310: 6f20 7468 6174 2074 6865 7920 6361 6e20 o that they can \n+00050320: 6561 7369 6c79 2062 6520 6d6f 6469 6669 easily be modifi\n+00050330: 6564 2062 790a 7468 6520 6c6f 6361 6c20 ed by.the local \n+00050340: 7379 7374 656d 2061 646d 696e 6973 7472 system administr\n+00050350: 6174 6f72 2e20 2049 6e20 6164 6469 7469 ator. 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The daemon mu\n+000509d0: 7374 2061 6c73 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 740a st also support.\n+000509e0: 6e61 6d65 7320 666f 7220 6461 7973 2061 names for days a\n+000509f0: 6e64 206d 6f6e 7468 732c 2072 616e 6765 nd months, range\n+00050a00: 732c 2061 6e64 2073 7465 7020 7661 6c75 s, and step valu\n+00050a10: 6573 2e20 2049 7420 6861 7320 746f 2073 es. It has to s\n+00050a20: 7570 706f 7274 0ae2 8098 2f65 7463 2f63 upport..../etc/c\n+00050a30: 726f 6e74 6162 e280 992c 2061 6e64 2063 rontab..., and c\n+00050a40: 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 2065 7865 6375 7465 orrectly execute\n+00050a50: 2074 6865 2073 6372 6970 7473 2069 6e20 the scripts in \n+00050a60: e280 982f 6574 632f 6372 6f6e 2e64 e280 .../etc/cron.d..\n+00050a70: 992e 2020 5468 650a 6461 656d 6f6e 206d .. The.daemon m\n+00050a80: 7573 7420 616c 736f 2063 6f72 7265 6374 ust also correct\n+00050a90: 6c79 2065 7865 6375 7465 2073 6372 6970 ly execute scrip\n+00050aa0: 7473 2069 6e0a e280 982f 6574 632f 6372 ts in..../etc/cr\n+00050ab0: 6f6e 2e7b 686f 7572 6c79 2c64 6169 6c79 on.{hourly,daily\n+00050ac0: 2c77 6565 6b6c 792c 6d6f 6e74 686c 797d ,weekly,monthly}\n+00050ad0: e280 992e 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a ......* Menu:..*\n+00050ae0: 2043 726f 6e20 6a6f 6220 6669 6c65 206e Cron job file n\n+00050af0: 616d 6573 3a3a 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d ames::.. -----\n+00050b00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n+00050b10: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n+00050b20: 3129 2068 7474 7073 3a2f 2f77 7777 2e6f 1) https://www.o\n+00050b30: 7065 6e67 726f 7570 2e6f 7267 2f6f 6e6c pengroup.org/onl\n+00050b40: 696e 6570 7562 732f 3936 3939 3931 3937 inepubs/96999197\n+00050b50: 3939 2f0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 99/....File: deb\n+00050b60: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n+00050b70: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4372 6f6e 206a 6f62 Node: Cron job\n+00050b80: 2066 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 732c 2020 5570 file names, Up\n+00050b90: 3a20 4372 6f6e 206a 6f62 730a 0a39 2e35 : Cron jobs..9.5\n+00050ba0: 2e31 2043 726f 6e20 6a6f 6220 6669 6c65 .1 Cron job file\n+00050bb0: 206e 616d 6573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d names.---------\n+00050bc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00050bd0: 0a0a 5468 6520 6669 6c65 206e 616d 6520 ..The file name \n+00050be0: 6f66 2061 2063 726f 6e20 6a6f 6220 6669 of a cron job fi\n+00050bf0: 6c65 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 726d 616c le should normal\n+00050c00: 6c79 206d 6174 6368 2074 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(\n+000522f0: 3129 2043 7265 6174 696e 672c 206d 6f64 1) Creating, mod\n+00052300: 6966 7969 6e67 206f 7220 7265 6d6f 7669 ifying or removi\n+00052310: 6e67 2061 2066 696c 6520 696e 0ae2 8098 ng a file in....\n+00052320: 2f75 7372 2f6c 6962 2f6d 696d 652f 7061 /usr/lib/mime/pa\n+00052330: 636b 6167 6573 2fe2 8099 2075 7369 6e67 ckages/... using\n+00052340: 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 maintainer scri\n+00052350: 7074 7320 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2061 6374 pts will not act\n+00052360: 6976 6174 6520 7468 650a 7472 6967 6765 ivate the.trigge\n+00052370: 722e 2020 496e 2074 6861 7420 6361 7365 r. In that case\n+00052380: 2c20 6974 2063 616e 2062 6520 646f 6e65 , it can be done\n+00052390: 2062 7920 6361 6c6c 696e 6720 e280 9864 by calling ...d\n+000523a0: 706b 672d 7472 6967 6765 720a 2d2d 6e6f pkg-trigger.--no\n+000523b0: 2d61 7761 6974 202f 7573 722f 6c69 622f -await /usr/lib/\n+000523c0: 6d69 6d65 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 73e2 8099 mime/packages...\n+000523d0: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6d61 696e 7461 from the mainta\n+000523e0: 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7420 6166 7465 iner script afte\n+000523f0: 720a 6372 6561 7469 6e67 2c20 6d6f 6469 r.creating, modi\n+00052400: 6679 696e 672c 206f 7220 7265 6d6f 7669 fying, or removi\n+00052410: 6e67 2074 6865 2066 696c 652e 0a0a 1f0a ng the file.....\n+00052420: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n+00052430: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n+00052440: 2050 726f 7669 6469 6e67 206d 6564 6961 Providing media\n+00052450: 2074 7970 6573 2074 6f20 6669 6c65 732c types to files,\n+00052460: 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5265 6769 7374 7261 Prev: Registra\n+00052470: 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 6d65 6469 6120 7479 tion of media ty\n+00052480: 7065 2068 616e 646c 6572 7320 7769 7468 pe handlers with\n+00052490: 206d 6169 6c63 6170 2065 6e74 7269 6573 mailcap entries\n+000524a0: 2c20 2055 703a 204d 756c 7469 6d65 6469 , Up: Multimedi\n+000524b0: 6120 6861 6e64 6c65 7273 0a0a 392e 372e a handlers..9.7.\n+000524c0: 3320 5072 6f76 6964 696e 6720 6d65 6469 3 Providing medi\n+000524d0: 6120 7479 7065 7320 746f 2066 696c 6573 a types to files\n+000524e0: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+000524f0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00052500: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 206d 6564 6961 -----..The media\n+00052510: 2074 7970 6520 6f66 2061 2066 696c 6520 type of a file \n+00052520: 6973 2064 6973 636f 7665 7265 6420 6279 is discovered by\n+00052530: 2069 6e73 7065 6374 696e 6720 7468 6520 inspecting the \n+00052540: 6669 6c65 e280 9973 0a65 7874 656e 7369 file...s.extensi\n+00052550: 6f6e 206f 7220 6974 7320 e280 986d 6167 on or its ...mag\n+00052560: 6963 2835 29e2 8099 2070 6174 7465 726e ic(5)... pattern\n+00052570: 2c20 616e 6420 696e 7465 7272 6f67 6174 , and interrogat\n+00052580: 696e 6720 6120 6461 7461 6261 7365 0a61 ing a database.a\n+00052590: 7373 6f63 6961 7469 6e67 2074 6865 6d20 ssociating them \n+000525a0: 7769 7468 206d 6564 6961 2074 7970 6573 with media types\n+000525b0: 2e0a 0a54 6f20 7375 7070 6f72 7420 6e65 ...To support ne\n+000525c0: 7720 6173 736f 6369 6174 696f 6e73 2062 w associations b\n+000525d0: 6574 7765 656e 206d 6564 6961 2074 7970 etween media typ\n+000525e0: 6573 2061 6e64 2066 696c 6573 2c20 7468 es and files, th\n+000525f0: 6569 720a 6368 6172 6163 7465 7269 7374 eir.characterist\n+00052600: 6963 2066 696c 6520 6578 7465 6e73 696f ic file extensio\n+00052610: 6e73 2061 6e64 206d 6167 6963 2070 6174 ns and magic pat\n+00052620: 7465 726e 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 terns should be \n+00052630: 7265 6769 7374 6572 6564 0a74 6f20 7468 registered.to th\n+00052640: 6520 4941 4e41 2028 496e 7465 726e 6574 e IANA (Internet\n+00052650: 2041 7373 6967 6e65 6420 4e75 6d62 6572 Assigned Number\n+00052660: 7320 4175 7468 6f72 6974 7929 2e20 2053 s Authority). 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Deb\n+00053e40: 6961 6e20 7061 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 ian packages tha\n+00053e50: 7420 7072 6f76 6964 6573 206f 6e6c 696e t provides onlin\n+00053e60: 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e0a e documentation.\n+00053e70: 286f 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 6a75 7374 (other than just\n+00053e80: 206d 616e 7561 6c20 7061 6765 7329 206d manual pages) m\n+00053e90: 6179 2072 6567 6973 7465 7220 7468 6573 ay register thes\n+00053ea0: 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 7320 7769 7468 e documents with\n+00053eb0: 0a64 6f63 2d62 6173 6520 6279 2069 6e73 .doc-base by ins\n+00053ec0: 7461 6c6c 696e 6720 6120 646f 632d 6261 talling a doc-ba\n+00053ed0: 7365 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6520 se control file \n+00053ee0: 696e 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 in..../usr/share\n+00053ef0: 2f64 6f63 2d62 6173 652f e280 992e 0a0a /doc-base/......\n+00053f00: 506c 6561 7365 2072 6566 6572 2074 6f20 Please refer to \n+00053f10: 7468 6520 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f the documentatio\n+00053f20: 6e20 7468 6174 2063 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Syst\n+00054010: 656d 0a0a 392e 3131 2041 6c74 6572 6e61 em..9.11 Alterna\n+00054020: 7465 2069 6e69 7420 7379 7374 656d 730a te init systems.\n+00054030: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00054040: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6869 ===========..Thi\n+00054050: 7320 7365 6374 696f 6e20 6861 7320 6265 s section has be\n+00054060: 656e 2064 656c 6574 6564 2e0a 0a2a 204d en deleted...* M\n+00054070: 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4576 656e 742d 6261 enu:..* Event-ba\n+00054080: 7365 6420 626f 6f74 2077 6974 6820 7570 sed boot with up\n+00054090: 7374 6172 743a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a start::....File:\n+000540a0: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n+000540b0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4576 656e nfo, Node: Even\n+000540c0: 742d 6261 7365 6420 626f 6f74 2077 6974 t-based boot wit\n+000540d0: 6820 7570 7374 6172 742c 2020 5570 3a20 h upstart, Up: \n+000540e0: 416c 7465 726e 6174 6520 696e 6974 2073 Alternate init s\n+000540f0: 7973 7465 6d73 0a0a 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\n+000541e0: 7468 6174 2061 2072 6562 6f6f 7420 6973 that a reboot is\n+000541f0: 2072 6571 7569 7265 642c 2020 5072 6576 required, Prev\n+00054200: 3a20 416c 7465 726e 6174 6520 696e 6974 : Alternate init\n+00054210: 2073 7973 7465 6d73 2c20 2055 703a 2054 systems, Up: T\n+00054220: 6865 204f 7065 7261 7469 6e67 2053 7973 he Operating Sys\n+00054230: 7465 6d0a 0a39 2e31 3220 5369 676e 616c tem..9.12 Signal\n+00054240: 696e 6720 7468 6174 2061 2072 6562 6f6f ing that a reboo\n+00054250: 7420 6973 2072 6571 7569 7265 640a 3d3d t is required.==\n+00054260: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00054270: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00054280: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5072 6f67 7261 6d73 ======..Programs\n+00054290: 2063 616e 2073 6967 6e61 6c20 7468 6174 can signal that\n+000542a0: 2061 2072 6562 6f6f 7420 6973 2072 6571 a reboot is req\n+000542b0: 7569 7265 6420 6279 20e2 8098 746f 7563 uired by ...touc\n+000542c0: 68e2 8099 696e 670a e280 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It is conve\n+000542f0: 6e74 696f 6e61 6c20 746f 2061 6464 2074 ntional to add t\n+00054300: 6865 206e 616d 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a70 he name of the.p\n+00054310: 6163 6b61 6765 2873 2920 7265 7175 6972 ackage(s) requir\n+00054320: 696e 6720 7468 6520 7265 626f 6f74 2074 ing the reboot t\n+00054330: 6f20 e280 982f 7275 6e2f 7265 626f 6f74 o .../run/reboot\n+00054340: 2d72 6571 7569 7265 642e 706b 6773 e280 -required.pkgs..\n+00054350: 992e 0a50 726f 6772 616d 7320 7368 6f75 ...Programs shou\n+00054360: 6c64 206e 6f74 2061 6464 2061 2070 6163 ld not add a pac\n+00054370: 6b61 6765 206e 616d 6520 746f 20e2 8098 kage name to ...\n+00054380: 2f72 756e 2f72 6562 6f6f 742d 7265 7175 /run/reboot-requ\n+00054390: 6972 6564 2e70 6b67 73e2 8099 2069 660a ired.pkgs... if.\n+000543a0: 6974 2069 7320 616c 7265 6164 7920 7072 it is already pr\n+000543b0: 6573 656e 7420 7468 6572 652e 0a0a 5468 esent there...Th\n+000543c0: 6520 e280 982f 7275 6e2f 7265 626f 6f74 e .../run/reboot\n+000543d0: 2d72 6571 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T\n+00055a90: 6865 0a72 6561 736f 6e73 2066 6f72 206e he.reasons for n\n+00055aa0: 6f74 2063 6f6d 7069 6c69 6e67 2077 6974 ot compiling wit\n+00055ab0: 6820 e280 982d 6650 4943 e280 9920 666c h ...-fPIC... fl\n+00055ac0: 6167 206d 7573 7420 6265 2072 6563 6f72 ag must be recor\n+00055ad0: 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 2066 696c 650a ded in the file.\n+00055ae0: e280 9852 4541 444d 452e 4465 6269 616e ...README.Debian\n+00055af0: e280 992c 2061 6e64 2063 6172 6520 6d75 ..., and care mu\n+00055b00: 7374 2062 6520 7461 6b65 6e20 746f 2065 st be taken to e\n+00055b10: 6974 6865 7220 7265 7374 7269 6374 2074 ither restrict t\n+00055b20: 6865 0a61 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 6520 he.architecture \n+00055b30: 6f72 2061 7272 616e 6765 2066 6f72 20e2 or arrange for .\n+00055b40: 8098 2d66 5049 43e2 8099 2074 6f20 6265 ..-fPIC... to be\n+00055b50: 2075 7365 6420 6f6e 2061 7263 6869 7465 used on archite\n+00055b60: 6374 7572 6573 2077 6865 7265 2069 740a ctures where it.\n+00055b70: 6973 2072 6571 7569 7265 642e 2020 2832 is required. 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If it is inte\n+000569c0: 6e64 6564 2066 6f72 2075 7365 2077 6974 nded for use wit\n+000569d0: 6820 e280 986c 6962 6c74 646c e280 992c h ...libltdl...,\n+000569e0: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2e6c 61e2 8099 0a66 the ....la....f\n+000569f0: 696c 6573 206d 7573 7420 676f 2069 6e20 iles must go in \n+00056a00: 7468 6520 7275 6e2d 7469 6d65 206c 6962 the run-time lib\n+00056a10: 7261 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a 0a54 rary package...T\n+00056a20: 6865 7365 2072 6571 7569 7265 6d65 6e74 hese requirement\n+00056a30: 7320 666f 7220 6861 6e64 6c69 6e67 206f s for handling o\n+00056a40: 6620 e280 982e 6c61 e280 9920 6669 6c65 f ....la... file\n+00056a50: 7320 646f 206e 6f74 2061 7070 6c79 2074 s do not apply t\n+00056a60: 6f20 6c6f 6164 6162 6c65 0a6d 6f64 756c o loadable.modul\n+00056a70: 6573 206f 7220 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 es or libraries \n+00056a80: 6e6f 7420 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 696e not installed in\n+00056a90: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 2073 6561 directories sea\n+00056aa0: 7263 6865 6420 6279 2064 6566 6175 6c74 rched by default\n+00056ab0: 2062 790a 7468 6520 6479 6e61 6d69 6320 by.the dynamic \n+00056ac0: 6c69 6e6b 6572 2e20 2050 6163 6b61 6765 linker. Package\n+00056ad0: 7320 696e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 206c 6f61 s installing loa\n+00056ae0: 6461 626c 6520 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 7769 dable modules wi\n+00056af0: 6c6c 0a66 7265 7175 656e 746c 7920 6e65 ll.frequently ne\n+00056b00: 6564 2074 6f20 696e 7374 616c 6c20 7468 ed to install th\n+00056b10: 6520 e280 982e 6c61 e280 9920 6669 6c65 e ....la... file\n+00056b20: 7320 616c 6f6e 6773 6964 6520 7468 6520 s alongside the \n+00056b30: 6d6f 6475 6c65 7320 736f 2074 6861 740a modules so that.\n+00056b40: 7468 6579 2063 616e 2062 6520 6c6f 6164 they can be load\n+00056b50: 6564 2062 7920 e280 986c 6962 6c74 646c ed by ...libltdl\n+00056b60: e280 992e 2020 e280 9864 6570 656e 6465 .... ...depende\n+00056b70: 6e63 795f 6c69 6273 e280 9920 646f 6573 ncy_libs... does\n+00056b80: 206e 6f74 206e 6565 6420 746f 2062 650a not need to be.\n+00056b90: 6d6f 6469 6669 6564 2066 6f72 206c 6962 modified for lib\n+00056ba0: 7261 7269 6573 206f 7220 6d6f 6475 6c65 raries or module\n+00056bb0: 7320 7468 6174 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2069 s that are not i\n+00056bc0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2069 6e20 6469 7265 nstalled in dire\n+00056bd0: 6374 6f72 6965 730a 7365 6172 6368 6564 ctories.searched\n+00056be0: 2062 7920 7468 6520 6479 6e61 6d69 6320 by the dynamic \n+00056bf0: 6c69 6e6b 6572 2062 7920 6465 6661 756c linker by defaul\n+00056c00: 7420 616e 6420 6e6f 7420 696e 7465 6e64 t and not intend\n+00056c10: 6564 2066 6f72 2075 7365 2062 790a 6f74 ed for use by.ot\n+00056c20: 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2e0a 0a59 her packages...Y\n+00056c30: 6f75 206d 7573 7420 6d61 6b65 2073 7572 ou must make sur\n+00056c40: 6520 7468 6174 2079 6f75 2075 7365 206f e that you use o\n+00056c50: 6e6c 7920 7265 6c65 6173 6564 2076 6572 nly released ver\n+00056c60: 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2073 6861 7265 640a sions of shared.\n+00056c70: 6c69 6272 6172 6965 7320 746f 2062 7569 libraries to bui\n+00056c80: 6c64 2079 6f75 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 ld your packages\n+00056c90: 3b20 6f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 6f74 6865 ; otherwise othe\n+00056ca0: 7220 7573 6572 7320 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 r users will not\n+00056cb0: 2062 6520 6162 6c65 0a74 6f20 7275 6e20 be able.to run \n+00056cc0: 796f 7572 2062 696e 6172 6965 7320 7072 your binaries pr\n+00056cd0: 6f70 6572 6c79 2e20 2050 726f 6475 6369 operly. Produci\n+00056ce0: 6e67 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 ng source packag\n+00056cf0: 6573 2074 6861 7420 6465 7065 6e64 206f es that depend o\n+00056d00: 6e0a 756e 7265 6c65 6173 6564 2063 6f6d n.unreleased com\n+00056d10: 7069 6c65 7273 2069 7320 616c 736f 2075 pilers is also u\n+00056d20: 7375 616c 6c79 2061 2062 6164 2069 6465 sually a bad ide\n+00056d30: 612e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d a... ---------\n+00056d40: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n+00056d50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2049 ------.. (1) I\n+00056d60: 6620 796f 7520 6172 6520 7573 696e 6720 f you are using \n+00056d70: 4743 432c 20e2 8098 2d66 5049 43e2 8099 GCC, ...-fPIC...\n+00056d80: 2070 726f 6475 6365 7320 636f 6465 2077 produces code w\n+00056d90: 6974 6820 7265 6c6f 6361 7461 626c 650a ith relocatable.\n+00056da0: 706f 7369 7469 6f6e 2069 6e64 6570 656e position indepen\n+00056db0: 6465 6e74 2063 6f64 652c 2077 6869 6368 dent code, which\n+00056dc0: 2069 7320 7265 7175 6972 6564 2066 6f72 is required for\n+00056dd0: 206d 6f73 7420 6172 6368 6974 6563 7475 most architectu\n+00056de0: 7265 7320 746f 0a63 7265 6174 6520 6120 res to.create a \n+00056df0: 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 2c20 shared library, \n+00056e00: 7769 7468 2069 3338 3620 616e 6420 7065 with i386 and pe\n+00056e10: 7268 6170 7320 736f 6d65 206f 7468 6572 rhaps some other\n+00056e20: 7320 7768 6572 6520 6e6f 6e0a 706f 7369 s where non.posi\n+00056e30: 7469 6f6e 2069 6e64 6570 656e 6465 6e74 tion independent\n+00056e40: 2063 6f64 6520 6973 2070 6572 6d69 7474 code is permitt\n+00056e50: 6564 2069 6e20 6120 7368 6172 6564 206c ed in a shared l\n+00056e60: 6962 7261 7279 2e0a 0a50 6f73 6974 696f ibrary...Positio\n+00056e70: 6e20 696e 6465 7065 6e64 656e 7420 636f n independent co\n+00056e80: 6465 206d 6179 2068 6176 6520 6120 7065 de may have a pe\n+00056e90: 7266 6f72 6d61 6e63 6520 7065 6e61 6c74 rformance penalt\n+00056ea0: 792c 2065 7370 6563 6961 6c6c 7920 6f6e y, especially on\n+00056eb0: 0ae2 8098 6933 3836 e280 992e 2020 486f ....i386.... Ho\n+00056ec0: 7765 7665 722c 2069 6e20 6d6f 7374 2063 wever, in most c\n+00056ed0: 6173 6573 2074 6865 2073 7065 6564 2070 ases the speed p\n+00056ee0: 656e 616c 7479 206d 7573 7420 6265 206d enalty must be m\n+00056ef0: 6561 7375 7265 640a 6167 6169 6e73 7420 easured.against \n+00056f00: 7468 6520 6d65 6d6f 7279 2077 6173 7465 the memory waste\n+00056f10: 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 2066 6577 2061 7263 d on the few arc\n+00056f20: 6869 7465 6374 7572 6573 2077 6865 7265 hitectures where\n+00056f30: 206e 6f6e 2070 6f73 6974 696f 6e0a 696e non position.in\n+00056f40: 6465 7065 6e64 656e 7420 636f 6465 2069 dependent code i\n+00056f50: 7320 6576 656e 2070 6f73 7369 626c 652e s even possible.\n+00056f60: 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 2053 6f6d 6520 6f66 .. (2) Some of\n+00056f70: 2074 6865 2072 6561 736f 6e73 2077 6879 the reasons why\n+00056f80: 2074 6869 7320 6d69 6768 7420 6265 2072 this might be r\n+00056f90: 6571 7569 7265 6420 6973 2069 6620 7468 equired is if th\n+00056fa0: 6520 6c69 6272 6172 790a 636f 6e74 6169 e library.contai\n+00056fb0: 6e73 2068 616e 6420 6372 6166 7465 6420 ns hand crafted \n+00056fc0: 6173 7365 6d62 6c79 2063 6f64 6520 7468 assembly code th\n+00056fd0: 6174 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7265 6c6f 6361 at is not reloca\n+00056fe0: 7461 626c 652c 2074 6865 2073 7065 6564 table, the speed\n+00056ff0: 0a70 656e 616c 7479 2069 7320 6578 6365 .penalty is exce\n+00057000: 7373 6976 6520 666f 7220 636f 6d70 7574 ssive for comput\n+00057010: 6520 696e 7465 6e73 6976 6520 6c69 6273 e intensive libs\n+00057020: 2c20 616e 6420 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 7265 , and similar re\n+00057030: 6173 6f6e 732e 0a0a 2020 2028 3329 2053 asons... 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This can crea\n+00057580: 7465 2075 6e6e 6565 6465 6420 6465 7065 te unneeded depe\n+00057590: 6e64 656e 6369 6573 206f 6e20 7368 6172 ndencies on shar\n+000575a0: 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 0a70 6163 6b61 ed library.packa\n+000575b0: 6765 7320 7468 6174 2077 6f75 6c64 206f ges that would o\n+000575c0: 7468 6572 7769 7365 2062 6520 6869 6464 therwise be hidd\n+000575d0: 656e 2062 6568 696e 6420 7468 6520 6c69 en behind the li\n+000575e0: 6272 6172 7920 4142 492c 2061 6e64 2063 brary ABI, and c\n+000575f0: 616e 0a6d 616b 6520 6c69 6272 6172 7920 an.make library \n+00057600: 7472 616e 7369 7469 6f6e 7320 746f 206e transitions to n\n+00057610: 6577 2053 4f4e 414d 4573 2075 6e6e 6563 ew SONAMEs unnec\n+00057620: 6573 7361 7269 6c79 2063 6f6d 706c 6963 essarily complic\n+00057630: 6174 6564 2061 6e64 0a64 6966 6669 6375 ated and.difficu\n+00057640: 6c74 2074 6f20 6d61 6e61 6765 2e0a 0a1f lt to manage....\n+00057650: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n+00057660: 6c69 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Scripts, Next: \n+00057750: 5379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c 696e 6b73 2c20 Symbolic links, \n+00057760: 2050 7265 763a 2053 6861 7265 6420 6c69 Prev: Shared li\n+00057770: 6272 6172 6965 733c 323e 2c20 2055 703a braries<2>, Up:\n+00057780: 2046 696c 6573 3c32 3e0a 0a31 302e 3420 Files<2>..10.4 \n+00057790: 5363 7269 7074 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d Scripts.========\n+000577a0: 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 416c 6c20 636f 6d6d 616e ====..All comman\n+000577b0: 6420 7363 7269 7074 732c 2069 6e63 6c75 d scripts, inclu\n+000577c0: 6469 6e67 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 ding the package\n+000577d0: 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 maintainer scri\n+000577e0: 7074 7320 696e 7369 6465 2074 6865 0a70 pts inside the.p\n+000577f0: 6163 6b61 6765 2061 6e64 2075 7365 6420 ackage and used \n+00057800: 6279 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 992c 2073 by ...dpkg..., s\n+00057810: 686f 756c 6420 6861 7665 2061 20e2 8098 hould have a ...\n+00057820: 2321 e280 9920 6c69 6e65 206e 616d 696e #!... line namin\n+00057830: 6720 7468 6520 7368 656c 6c20 746f 0a62 g the shell to.b\n+00057840: 6520 7573 6564 2074 6f20 696e 7465 7270 e used to interp\n+00057850: 7265 7420 7468 656d 2e0a 0a49 6e20 7468 ret them...In th\n+00057860: 6520 6361 7365 206f 6620 5065 726c 2073 e case of Perl s\n+00057870: 6372 6970 7473 2074 6869 7320 7368 6f75 cripts this shou\n+00057880: 6c64 2062 6520 e280 9823 212f 7573 722f ld be ...#!/usr/\n+00057890: 6269 6e2f 7065 726c e280 992e 0a0a 5768 bin/perl......Wh\n+000578a0: 656e 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 7265 2069 en scripts are i\n+000578b0: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2069 6e74 6f20 6120 nstalled into a \n+000578c0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 696e 2074 6865 directory in the\n+000578d0: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 5041 5448 2c20 7468 system PATH, th\n+000578e0: 650a 7363 7269 7074 206e 616d 6520 7368 e.script name sh\n+000578f0: 6f75 6c64 206e 6f74 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 ould not include\n+00057900: 2061 6e20 6578 7465 6e73 696f 6e20 7375 an extension su\n+00057910: 6368 2061 7320 e280 982e 7368 e280 9920 ch as ....sh... \n+00057920: 6f72 20e2 8098 2e70 6ce2 8099 2074 6861 or ....pl... tha\n+00057930: 740a 6465 6e6f 7465 7320 7468 6520 7363 t.denotes the sc\n+00057940: 7269 7074 696e 6720 6c61 6e67 7561 6765 ripting language\n+00057950: 2063 7572 7265 6e74 6c79 2075 7365 6420 currently used \n+00057960: 746f 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 2069 742e to implement it.\n+00057970: 0a0a 5368 656c 6c20 7363 7269 7074 7320 ..Shell scripts \n+00057980: 28e2 8098 7368 e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 (...sh... and ..\n+00057990: 9862 6173 68e2 8099 2920 6f74 6865 7220 .bash...) other \n+000579a0: 7468 616e 20e2 8098 696e 6974 2e64 e280 than ...init.d..\n+000579b0: 9920 7363 7269 7074 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 . scripts should\n+000579c0: 0a61 6c6d 6f73 7420 6365 7274 6169 6e6c .almost certainl\n+000579d0: 7920 7374 6172 7420 7769 7468 20e2 8098 y start with ...\n+000579e0: 7365 7420 2d65 e280 9920 736f 2074 6861 set -e... so tha\n+000579f0: 7420 6572 726f 7273 2061 7265 2064 6574 t errors are det\n+00057a00: 6563 7465 642e 0ae2 8098 696e 6974 2e64 ected.....init.d\n+00057a10: e280 9920 7363 7269 7074 7320 6172 6520 ... scripts are \n+00057a20: 736f 6d65 7468 696e 6720 6f66 2061 2073 something of a s\n+00057a30: 7065 6369 616c 2063 6173 652c 2064 7565 pecial case, due\n+00057a40: 2074 6f20 686f 7720 6672 6571 7565 6e74 to how frequent\n+00057a50: 6c79 0a74 6865 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 ly.they need to \n+00057a60: 6361 6c6c 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 7468 call commands th\n+00057a70: 6174 2061 7265 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2074 at are allowed t\n+00057a80: 6f20 6661 696c 2c20 616e 6420 6974 206d o fail, and it m\n+00057a90: 6179 2069 6e73 7465 6164 0a62 6520 6561 ay instead.be ea\n+00057aa0: 7369 6572 2074 6f20 6368 6563 6b20 7468 sier to check th\n+00057ab0: 6520 6578 6974 2073 7461 7475 7320 6f66 e exit status of\n+00057ac0: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 7320 6469 7265 6374 commands direct\n+00057ad0: 6c79 2e20 2053 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 0a57 ly. See *note.W\n+00057ae0: 7269 7469 6e67 2074 6865 2073 6372 6970 riting the scrip\n+00057af0: 7473 3a20 3132 662e 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 ts: 12f. for mor\n+00057b00: 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 6162 e information ab\n+00057b10: 6f75 7420 7772 6974 696e 6720 e280 9869 out writing ...i\n+00057b20: 6e69 742e 64e2 8099 0a73 6372 6970 7473 nit.d....scripts\n+00057b30: 2e0a 0a45 7665 7279 2073 6372 6970 7420 ...Every script \n+00057b40: 7368 6f75 6c64 2075 7365 20e2 8098 7365 should use ...se\n+00057b50: 7420 2d65 e280 9920 6f72 2063 6865 636b t -e... or check\n+00057b60: 2074 6865 2065 7869 7420 7374 6174 7573 the exit status\n+00057b70: 206f 6620 2765 7665 7279 270a 636f 6d6d of 'every'.comm\n+00057b80: 616e 642e 0a0a 5363 7269 7074 7320 6d61 and...Scripts ma\n+00057b90: 7920 6173 7375 6d65 2074 6861 7420 e280 y assume that ..\n+00057ba0: 982f 6269 6e2f 7368 e280 9920 696d 706c ./bin/sh... impl\n+00057bb0: 656d 656e 7473 2074 6865 2050 4f53 4958 ements the POSIX\n+00057bc0: 2e31 2d32 3031 3720 5368 656c 6c0a 436f .1-2017 Shell.Co\n+00057bd0: 6d6d 616e 6420 4c61 6e67 7561 6765 2028 mmand Language (\n+00057be0: 3129 2070 6c75 7320 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 1) plus the foll\n+00057bf0: 6f77 696e 6720 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c owing additional\n+00057c00: 2066 6561 7475 7265 7320 6e6f 7420 6d61 features not ma\n+00057c10: 6e64 6174 6564 0a62 7920 504f 5349 582e ndated.by POSIX.\n+00057c20: 312d 3230 3137 2e2e 2020 2832 290a 0a20 1-2017.. (2).. \n+00057c30: 2020 2d20 e280 9865 6368 6f20 2d6e e280 - ...echo -n..\n+00057c40: 992c 2069 6620 696d 706c 656d 656e 7465 ., if implemente\n+00057c50: 6420 6173 2061 2073 6865 6c6c 2062 7569 d as a shell bui\n+00057c60: 6c74 2d69 6e2c 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 lt-in, must not \n+00057c70: 6765 6e65 7261 7465 2061 0a20 2020 2020 generate a. \n+00057c80: 6e65 776c 696e 652e 0a0a 2020 202d 20e2 newline... - .\n+00057c90: 8098 7465 7374 e280 992c 2069 6620 696d ..test..., if im\n+00057ca0: 706c 656d 656e 7465 6420 6173 2061 2073 plemented as a s\n+00057cb0: 6865 6c6c 2062 7569 6c74 2d69 6e2c 206d hell built-in, m\n+00057cc0: 7573 7420 7375 7070 6f72 7420 e280 982d ust support ...-\n+00057cd0: 61e2 8099 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 e280 a... and. ..\n+00057ce0: 982d 6fe2 8099 2061 7320 6269 6e61 7279 .-o... as binary\n+00057cf0: 206c 6f67 6963 616c 206f 7065 7261 746f logical operato\n+00057d00: 7273 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 e280 986c 6f63 rs... - ...loc\n+00057d10: 616c e280 9920 746f 2063 7265 6174 6520 al... to create \n+00057d20: 6120 7363 6f70 6564 2076 6172 6961 626c a scoped variabl\n+00057d30: 6520 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7375 7070 6f72 e must be suppor\n+00057d40: 7465 642c 2069 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 0a20 ted, including. \n+00057d50: 2020 2020 6c69 7374 696e 6720 6d75 6c74 listing mult\n+00057d60: 6970 6c65 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 2069 iple variables i\n+00057d70: 6e20 6120 7369 6e67 6c65 206c 6f63 616c n a single local\n+00057d80: 2063 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2061 6e64 2061 7373 command and ass\n+00057d90: 6967 6e69 6e67 0a20 2020 2020 6120 7661 igning. a va\n+00057da0: 6c75 6520 746f 2061 2076 6172 6961 626c lue to a variabl\n+00057db0: 6520 6174 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7469 e at the same ti\n+00057dc0: 6d65 2061 7320 6c6f 6361 6c69 7a69 6e67 me as localizing\n+00057dd0: 2069 742e 2020 e280 986c 6f63 616c e280 it. ...local..\n+00057de0: 990a 2020 2020 206d 6179 206f 7220 6d61 .. may or ma\n+00057df0: 7920 6e6f 7420 7072 6573 6572 7665 2074 y not preserve t\n+00057e00: 6865 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 7661 6c75 he variable valu\n+00057e10: 6520 6672 6f6d 2061 6e20 6f75 7465 7220 e from an outer \n+00057e20: 7363 6f70 6520 6966 0a20 2020 2020 6e6f scope if. no\n+00057e30: 2061 7373 6967 6e6d 656e 7420 6973 2070 assignment is p\n+00057e40: 7265 7365 6e74 2e20 2055 7365 7320 7375 resent. Uses su\n+00057e50: 6368 2061 733a 0a0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ch as:.. \n+00057e60: 2020 666e 616d 6520 2829 207b 0a20 2020 fname () {. \n+00057e70: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 206c 6f63 616c local\n+00057e80: 2061 2062 2063 3d64 656c 7461 2064 0a20 a b c=delta d. \n+00057e90: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 2023 202e # .\n+00057ea0: 2e2e 2075 7365 2061 2c20 622c 2063 2c20 .. use a, b, c, \n+00057eb0: 6420 2e2e 2e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 d .... \n+00057ec0: 7d0a 0a20 2020 2020 6d75 7374 2062 6520 }.. must be \n+00057ed0: 7375 7070 6f72 7465 6420 616e 6420 6d75 supported and mu\n+00057ee0: 7374 2073 6574 2074 6865 2076 616c 7565 st set the value\n+00057ef0: 206f 6620 e280 9863 e280 9920 746f 20e2 of ...c... to .\n+00057f00: 8098 6465 6c74 61e2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 ..delta...... \n+00057f10: 2d20 5468 6520 5853 4920 6578 7465 6e73 - The XSI extens\n+00057f20: 696f 6e20 746f 20e2 8098 6b69 6c6c e280 ion to ...kill..\n+00057f30: 9920 616c 6c6f 7769 6e67 20e2 8098 6b69 . allowing ...ki\n+00057f40: 6c6c 202d 7369 676e 616c e280 992c 2077 ll -signal..., w\n+00057f50: 6865 7265 2073 6967 6e61 6c0a 2020 2020 here signal. \n+00057f60: 2069 7320 6569 7468 6572 2074 6865 206e is either the n\n+00057f70: 616d 6520 6f66 2061 2073 6967 6e61 6c20 ame of a signal \n+00057f80: 6f72 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 6e75 or one of the nu\n+00057f90: 6d65 7269 6320 7369 676e 616c 7320 6c69 meric signals li\n+00057fa0: 7374 6564 0a20 2020 2020 696e 2074 6865 sted. in the\n+00057fb0: 2058 5349 2065 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 2028 XSI extension (\n+00057fc0: 302c 2031 2c20 322c 2033 2c20 362c 2039 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9\n+00057fd0: 2c20 3134 2c20 616e 6420 3135 292c 206d , 14, and 15), m\n+00057fe0: 7573 7420 6265 0a20 2020 2020 7375 7070 ust be. supp\n+00057ff0: 6f72 7465 6420 6966 20e2 8098 6b69 6c6c orted if ...kill\n+00058000: e280 9920 6973 2069 6d70 6c65 6d65 6e74 ... is implement\n+00058010: 6564 2061 7320 6120 7368 656c 6c20 6275 ed as a shell bu\n+00058020: 696c 742d 696e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 5468 ilt-in... - Th\n+00058030: 6520 5853 4920 6578 7465 6e73 696f 6e20 e XSI extension \n+00058040: 746f 20e2 8098 7472 6170 e280 9920 616c to ...trap... al\n+00058050: 6c6f 7769 6e67 206e 756d 6572 6963 2073 lowing numeric s\n+00058060: 6967 6e61 6c73 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a20 ignals must be. \n+00058070: 2020 2020 7375 7070 6f72 7465 642e 2020 supported. \n+00058080: 496e 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e20 746f 2074 In addition to t\n+00058090: 6865 2073 6967 6e61 6c20 6e75 6d62 6572 he signal number\n+000580a0: 7320 6c69 7374 6564 2069 6e20 7468 650a s listed in the.\n+000580b0: 2020 2020 2065 7874 656e 7369 6f6e 2c20 extension, \n+000580c0: 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 7468 6520 7361 which are the sa\n+000580d0: 6d65 2061 7320 666f 7220 e280 986b 696c me as for ...kil\n+000580e0: 6ce2 8099 2061 626f 7665 2c20 3133 2028 l... above, 13 (\n+000580f0: 5349 4750 4950 4529 0a20 2020 2020 6d75 SIGPIPE). mu\n+00058100: 7374 2062 6520 616c 6c6f 7765 642e 0a0a st be allowed...\n+00058110: 4966 2061 2073 6865 6c6c 2073 6372 6970 If a shell scrip\n+00058120: 7420 7265 7175 6972 6573 206e 6f6e 2d50 t requires non-P\n+00058130: 4f53 4958 2e31 2d32 3031 3720 6665 6174 OSIX.1-2017 feat\n+00058140: 7572 6573 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 7368 ures from the sh\n+00058150: 656c 6c0a 696e 7465 7270 7265 7465 7220 ell.interpreter \n+00058160: 6f74 6865 7220 7468 616e 2074 686f 7365 other than those\n+00058170: 206c 6973 7465 6420 6162 6f76 652c 2074 listed above, t\n+00058180: 6865 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 2073 he appropriate s\n+00058190: 6865 6c6c 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a73 7065 hell must be.spe\n+000581a0: 6369 6669 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6669 cified in the fi\n+000581b0: 7273 7420 6c69 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 rst line of the \n+000581c0: 7363 7269 7074 2028 652e 672e 2c20 e280 script (e.g., ..\n+000581d0: 9823 212f 6269 6e2f 6261 7368 e280 9929 .#!/bin/bash...)\n+000581e0: 2061 6e64 2074 6865 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 and the.package\n+000581f0: 206d 7573 7420 6465 7065 6e64 206f 6e20 must depend on \n+00058200: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 7072 6f76 the package prov\n+00058210: 6964 696e 6720 7468 6520 7368 656c 6c20 iding the shell \n+00058220: 2875 6e6c 6573 7320 7468 6520 7368 656c (unless the shel\n+00058230: 6c0a 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 206d 6172 l.package is mar\n+00058240: 6b65 6420 e280 9c45 7373 656e 7469 616c ked ...Essential\n+00058250: e280 9d2c 2061 7320 696e 2074 6865 2063 ..., as in the c\n+00058260: 6173 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 6261 7368 e280 ase of ...bash..\n+00058270: 9929 2e0a 0a59 6f75 206d 6179 2077 6973 .)...You may wis\n+00058280: 6820 746f 2072 6573 7472 6963 7420 796f h to restrict yo\n+00058290: 7572 2073 6372 6970 7420 746f 2050 4f53 ur script to POS\n+000582a0: 4958 2e31 2d32 3031 3720 6665 6174 7572 IX.1-2017 featur\n+000582b0: 6573 2070 6c75 7320 7468 650a 6162 6f76 es plus the.abov\n+000582c0: 6520 7365 7420 7768 656e 2070 6f73 7369 e set when possi\n+000582d0: 626c 6520 736f 2074 6861 7420 6974 206d ble so that it m\n+000582e0: 6179 2075 7365 20e2 8098 2f62 696e 2f73 ay use .../bin/s\n+000582f0: 68e2 8099 2061 7320 6974 7320 696e 7465 h... as its inte\n+00058300: 7270 7265 7465 722e 0a43 6865 636b 696e rpreter..Checkin\n+00058310: 6720 796f 7572 2073 6372 6970 7420 7769 g your script wi\n+00058320: 7468 20e2 8098 6368 6563 6b62 6173 6869 th ...checkbashi\n+00058330: 736d 73e2 8099 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 sms... from the \n+00058340: 6465 7673 6372 6970 7473 2070 6163 6b61 devscripts packa\n+00058350: 6765 206f 720a 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 796f ge or.running yo\n+00058360: 7572 2073 6372 6970 7420 7769 7468 2061 ur script with a\n+00058370: 6e20 616c 7465 726e 6174 6520 7368 656c n alternate shel\n+00058380: 6c20 7375 6368 2061 7320 e280 9870 6f73 l such as ...pos\n+00058390: 68e2 8099 206d 6179 2068 656c 700a 756e h... may help.un\n+000583a0: 636f 7665 7220 7669 6f6c 6174 696f 6e73 cover violations\n+000583b0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 6162 6f76 6520 7265 of the above re\n+000583c0: 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 2e20 2049 6620 quirements. If \n+000583d0: 696e 2064 6f75 6274 2077 6865 7468 6572 in doubt whether\n+000583e0: 2061 0a73 6372 6970 7420 636f 6d70 6c69 a.script compli\n+000583f0: 6573 2077 6974 6820 7468 6573 6520 7265 es with these re\n+00058400: 7175 6972 656d 656e 7473 2c20 7573 6520 quirements, use \n+00058410: e280 982f 6269 6e2f 6261 7368 e280 992e .../bin/bash....\n+00058420: 0a0a 5065 726c 2073 6372 6970 7473 2073 ..Perl scripts s\n+00058430: 686f 756c 6420 6368 6563 6b20 666f 7220 hould check for \n+00058440: 6572 726f 7273 2077 6865 6e20 6d61 6b69 errors when maki\n+00058450: 6e67 2061 6e79 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6361 ng any system ca\n+00058460: 6c6c 732c 0a69 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 20e2 lls,.including .\n+00058470: 8098 6f70 656e e280 992c 20e2 8098 7072 ..open..., ...pr\n+00058480: 696e 74e2 8099 2c20 e280 9863 6c6f 7365 int..., ...close\n+00058490: e280 992c 20e2 8098 7265 6e61 6d65 e280 ..., ...rename..\n+000584a0: 9920 616e 6420 e280 9873 7973 7465 6de2 . and ...system.\n+000584b0: 8099 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6373 68e2 8099 2061 ........csh... a\n+000584c0: 6e64 20e2 8098 7463 7368 e280 9920 7368 nd ...tcsh... sh\n+000584d0: 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6176 6f69 6465 6420 ould be avoided \n+000584e0: 6173 2073 6372 6970 7469 6e67 206c 616e as scripting lan\n+000584f0: 6775 6167 6573 2e20 2053 6565 2027 4373 guages. See 'Cs\n+00058500: 680a 5072 6f67 7261 6d6d 696e 6720 436f h.Programming Co\n+00058510: 6e73 6964 6572 6564 2048 6172 6d66 756c nsidered Harmful\n+00058520: 272c 206f 6e65 206f 6620 7468 6520 e280 ', one of the ..\n+00058530: 9863 6f6d 702e 756e 6978 2e2a e280 9920 .comp.unix.*... \n+00058540: 4641 5173 2c20 7768 6963 680a 6361 6e20 FAQs, which.can \n+00058550: 6265 2066 6f75 6e64 2061 7420 e280 9868 be found at ...h\n+00058560: 7474 703a 2f2f 7777 772e 6661 7173 2e6f ttp://www.faqs.o\n+00058570: 7267 2f66 6171 732f 756e 6978 2d66 6171 rg/faqs/unix-faq\n+00058580: 2f73 6865 6c6c 2f63 7368 2d77 6879 6e6f /shell/csh-whyno\n+00058590: 742f e280 992e 0a49 6620 616e 2075 7073 t/.....If an ups\n+000585a0: 7472 6561 6d20 7061 636b 6167 6520 636f tream package co\n+000585b0: 6d65 7320 7769 7468 20e2 8098 6373 68e2 mes with ...csh.\n+000585c0: 8099 2073 6372 6970 7473 2074 6865 6e20 .. scripts then \n+000585d0: 796f 7520 6d75 7374 206d 616b 6520 7375 you must make su\n+000585e0: 7265 0a74 6861 7420 7468 6579 2073 7461 re.that they sta\n+000585f0: 7274 2077 6974 6820 e280 9823 212f 6269 rt with ...#!/bi\n+00058600: 6e2f 6373 68e2 8099 2061 6e64 206d 616b n/csh... and mak\n+00058610: 6520 796f 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2064 e your package d\n+00058620: 6570 656e 6420 6f6e 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 epend on the....\n+00058630: 632d 7368 656c 6ce2 8099 2076 6972 7475 c-shell... virtu\n+00058640: 616c 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e0a 0a41 6e79 al package...Any\n+00058650: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2077 6869 6368 2063 scripts which c\n+00058660: 7265 6174 6520 6669 6c65 7320 696e 2077 reate files in w\n+00058670: 6f72 6c64 2d77 7269 7465 6162 6c65 2064 orld-writeable d\n+00058680: 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 2028 652e 672e irectories (e.g.\n+00058690: 2c20 696e 0ae2 8098 2f74 6d70 e280 9929 , in..../tmp...)\n+000586a0: 206d 7573 7420 7573 6520 6120 6d65 6368 must use a mech\n+000586b0: 616e 6973 6d20 7768 6963 6820 7769 6c6c anism which will\n+000586c0: 2066 6169 6c20 6174 6f6d 6963 616c 6c79 fail atomically\n+000586d0: 2069 6620 6120 6669 6c65 2077 6974 680a if a file with.\n+000586e0: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 206e 616d 6520 616c the same name al\n+000586f0: 7265 6164 7920 6578 6973 7473 2e0a 0a54 ready exists...T\n+00058700: 6865 2044 6562 6961 6e20 6261 7365 2073 he Debian base s\n+00058710: 7973 7465 6d20 7072 6f76 6964 6573 2074 ystem provides t\n+00058720: 6865 20e2 8098 7465 6d70 6669 6c65 e280 he ...tempfile..\n+00058730: 9920 616e 6420 e280 986d 6b74 656d 70e2 . and ...mktemp.\n+00058740: 8099 2075 7469 6c69 7469 6573 0a66 6f72 .. utilities.for\n+00058750: 2075 7365 2062 7920 7363 7269 7074 7320 use by scripts \n+00058760: 666f 7220 7468 6973 2070 7572 706f 7365 for this purpose\n+00058770: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ... ----------\n+00058780: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n+00058790: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 5468 -----.. (1) Th\n+000587a0: 6520 4f70 656e 2047 726f 7570 2042 6173 e Open Group Bas\n+000587b0: 6520 5370 6563 6966 6963 6174 696f 6e73 e Specifications\n+000587c0: 2049 7373 7565 2037 2c20 3230 3138 2045 Issue 7, 2018 E\n+000587d0: 6469 7469 6f6e 2c20 7768 6963 680a 6973 dition, which.is\n+000587e0: 2061 6c73 6f20 6b6e 6f77 6e20 6173 2050 also known as P\n+000587f0: 4f53 4958 2e31 2d32 3031 3720 616e 6420 OSIX.1-2017 and \n+00058800: 6173 2049 4545 4520 5374 6420 3130 3033 as IEEE Std 1003\n+00058810: 2e31 2d32 3031 3720 616e 6420 6973 0a61 .1-2017 and is.a\n+00058820: 7661 696c 6162 6c65 206f 6e20 7468 6520 vailable on the \n+00058830: 576f 726c 6420 5769 6465 2057 6562 2066 World Wide Web f\n+00058840: 726f 6d20 5468 6520 4f70 656e 2047 726f rom The Open Gro\n+00058850: 7570 0a28 6874 7470 3a2f 2f70 7562 732e up.(http://pubs.\n+00058860: 6f70 656e 6772 6f75 702e 6f72 672f 6f6e opengroup.org/on\n+00058870: 6c69 6e65 7075 6273 2f39 3639 3939 3139 linepubs/9699919\n+00058880: 3739 392f 646f 776e 6c6f 6164 2f29 2e0a 799/download/)..\n+00058890: 0a20 2020 2832 2920 5468 6573 6520 6665 . (2) These fe\n+000588a0: 6174 7572 6573 2061 7265 2069 6e20 7769 atures are in wi\n+000588b0: 6465 7370 7265 6164 2075 7365 2069 6e20 despread use in \n+000588c0: 7468 6520 4c69 6e75 7820 636f 6d6d 756e the Linux commun\n+000588d0: 6974 7920 616e 640a 6172 6520 696d 706c ity and.are impl\n+000588e0: 656d 656e 7465 6420 696e 2061 6c6c 206f emented in all o\n+000588f0: 6620 6261 7368 2c20 6461 7368 2c20 616e f bash, dash, an\n+00058900: 6420 6b73 682c 2074 6865 206d 6f73 7420 d ksh, the most \n+00058910: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2073 6865 6c6c 730a 7573 common shells.us\n+00058920: 6572 7320 6d61 7920 7769 7368 2074 6f20 ers may wish to \n+00058930: 7573 6520 6173 20e2 8098 2f62 696e 2f73 use as .../bin/s\n+00058940: 68e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 h........File: d\n+00058950: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 ebian-policy.inf\n+00058960: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5379 6d62 6f6c o, Node: Symbol\n+00058970: 6963 206c 696e 6b73 2c20 204e 6578 743a ic links, Next:\n+00058980: 2044 6576 6963 6520 6669 6c65 732c 2020 Device files, \n+00058990: 5072 6576 3a20 5363 7269 7074 732c 2020 Prev: Scripts, \n+000589a0: 5570 3a20 4669 6c65 733c 323e 0a0a 3130 Up: Files<2>..10\n+000589b0: 2e35 2053 796d 626f 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b .5 Symbolic link\n+000589c0: 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d s.==============\n+000589d0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a49 6e20 6765 6e65 7261 =====..In genera\n+000589e0: 6c2c 2073 796d 626f 6c69 6320 6c69 6e6b l, symbolic link\n+000589f0: 7320 7769 7468 696e 2061 2074 6f70 2d6c s within a top-l\n+00058a00: 6576 656c 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2073 evel directory s\n+00058a10: 686f 756c 6420 6265 0a72 656c 6174 6976 hould be.relativ\n+00058a20: 652c 2061 6e64 2073 796d 626f 6c69 6320 e, and symbolic \n+00058a30: 6c69 6e6b 7320 706f 696e 7469 6e67 2066 links pointing f\n+00058a40: 726f 6d20 6f6e 6520 746f 702d 6c65 7665 rom one top-leve\n+00058a50: 6c20 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 746f 206f l directory to o\n+00058a60: 720a 696e 746f 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2073 r.into another s\n+00058a70: 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 6273 6f6c 7574 hould be absolut\n+00058a80: 652e 2020 2841 2074 6f70 2d6c 6576 656c e. 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This impl\n+0005a280: 6965 7320 7468 6174 2074 6865 0a64 6566 ies that the.def\n+0005a290: 6175 6c74 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2077 696c ault version wil\n+0005a2a0: 6c20 6265 2070 6172 7420 6f66 2074 6865 l be part of the\n+0005a2b0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2064 6973 7472 6962 package distrib\n+0005a2c0: 7574 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 206d 7573 7420 ution, and must \n+0005a2d0: 6e6f 740a 6265 206d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 not.be modified \n+0005a2e0: 6279 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 by the maintaine\n+0005a2f0: 7220 7363 7269 7074 7320 6475 7269 6e67 r scripts during\n+0005a300: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 286f installation (o\n+0005a310: 7220 6174 2061 6e79 0a6f 7468 6572 2074 r at any.other t\n+0005a320: 696d 6529 2e0a 0a49 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 ime)...In order \n+0005a330: 746f 2065 6e73 7572 6520 7468 6174 206c to ensure that l\n+0005a340: 6f63 616c 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2061 7265 ocal changes are\n+0005a350: 2070 7265 7365 7276 6564 2063 6f72 7265 preserved corre\n+0005a360: 6374 6c79 2c20 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a6d ctly, packages.m\n+0005a370: 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 636f 6e74 6169 6e20 ust not contain \n+0005a380: 6f72 206d 616b 6520 6861 7264 206c 696e or make hard lin\n+0005a390: 6b73 2074 6f20 636f 6e66 6669 6c65 732e ks to conffiles.\n+0005a3a0: 2020 2832 290a 0a54 6865 206f 7468 6572 (2)..The other\n+0005a3b0: 2077 6179 2074 6f20 646f 2069 7420 6973 way to do it is\n+0005a3c0: 2076 6961 2074 6865 206d 6169 6e74 6169 via the maintai\n+0005a3d0: 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 732e 2020 496e ner scripts. In\n+0005a3e0: 2074 6869 7320 6361 7365 2c20 7468 650a this case, the.\n+0005a3f0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n+0005a400: 6c65 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 6265 206c le must not be l\n+0005a410: 6973 7465 6420 6173 2061 20e2 8098 636f isted as a ...co\n+0005a420: 6e66 6669 6c65 e280 9920 616e 6420 6d75 nffile... and mu\n+0005a430: 7374 206e 6f74 2062 650a 7061 7274 206f st not be.part o\n+0005a440: 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6469 f the package di\n+0005a450: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 2e20 2049 6620 stribution. If \n+0005a460: 7468 6520 6578 6973 7465 6e63 6520 6f66 the existence of\n+0005a470: 2061 2066 696c 6520 6973 0a72 6571 7569 a file is.requi\n+0005a480: 7265 6420 666f 7220 7468 6520 7061 636b red for the pack\n+0005a490: 6167 6520 746f 2062 6520 7365 6e73 6962 age to be sensib\n+0005a4a0: 6c79 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 6420 6974 ly configured it\n+0005a4b0: 2069 7320 7468 650a 7265 7370 6f6e 7369 is the.responsi\n+0005a4c0: 6269 6c69 7479 206f 6620 7468 6520 7061 bility of the pa\n+0005a4d0: 636b 6167 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 ckage maintainer\n+0005a4e0: 2074 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6520 6d61 696e to provide main\n+0005a4f0: 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 0a77 tainer scripts.w\n+0005a500: 6869 6368 2063 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 2063 hich correctly c\n+0005a510: 7265 6174 652c 2075 7064 6174 6520 616e reate, update an\n+0005a520: 6420 6d61 696e 7461 696e 2074 6865 2066 d maintain the f\n+0005a530: 696c 6520 616e 6420 7265 6d6f 7665 2069 ile and remove i\n+0005a540: 7420 6f6e 0a70 7572 6765 2e20 2028 5365 t on.purge. (Se\n+0005a550: 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 5061 636b 6167 6520 e *note Package \n+0005a560: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 maintainer scrip\n+0005a570: 7473 2061 6e64 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 ts and installat\n+0005a580: 696f 6e0a 7072 6f63 6564 7572 653a 2064 ion.procedure: d\n+0005a590: 622e 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f b. for more info\n+0005a5a0: 726d 6174 696f 6e2e 2920 2054 6865 7365 rmation.) These\n+0005a5b0: 2073 6372 6970 7473 206d 7573 7420 6265 scripts must be\n+0005a5c0: 2069 6465 6d70 6f74 656e 740a 2869 2e65 idempotent.(i.e\n+0005a5d0: 2e2c 206d 7573 7420 776f 726b 2063 6f72 ., must work cor\n+0005a5e0: 7265 6374 6c79 2069 6620 e280 9864 706b rectly if ...dpk\n+0005a5f0: 67e2 8099 206e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 7265 g... needs to re\n+0005a600: 2d72 756e 2074 6865 6d20 6475 6520 746f -run them due to\n+0005a610: 2065 7272 6f72 730a 6475 7269 6e67 2069 errors.during i\n+0005a620: 6e73 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 6f72 2072 nstallation or r\n+0005a630: 656d 6f76 616c 292c 206d 7573 7420 636f emoval), must co\n+0005a640: 7065 2077 6974 6820 616c 6c20 7468 6520 pe with all the \n+0005a650: 7661 7269 6574 7920 6f66 2077 6179 730a variety of ways.\n+0005a660: e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2063 616e 2063 ...dpkg... can c\n+0005a670: 616c 6c20 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 all maintainer s\n+0005a680: 6372 6970 7473 2c20 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 cripts, must not\n+0005a690: 206f 7665 7277 7269 7465 206f 7220 6f74 overwrite or ot\n+0005a6a0: 6865 7277 6973 650a 6d61 6e67 6c65 2074 herwise.mangle t\n+0005a6b0: 6865 2075 7365 72e2 8099 7320 636f 6e66 he user...s conf\n+0005a6c0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 7769 7468 6f75 iguration withou\n+0005a6d0: 7420 6173 6b69 6e67 2c20 6d75 7374 206e t asking, must n\n+0005a6e0: 6f74 2061 736b 2075 6e6e 6563 6573 7361 ot ask unnecessa\n+0005a6f0: 7279 0a71 7565 7374 696f 6e73 2028 7061 ry.questions (pa\n+0005a700: 7274 6963 756c 6172 6c79 2064 7572 696e rticularly durin\n+0005a710: 6720 7570 6772 6164 6573 292c 2061 6e64 g upgrades), and\n+0005a720: 206d 7573 7420 6f74 6865 7277 6973 6520 must otherwise \n+0005a730: 6265 2067 6f6f 640a 6369 7469 7a65 6e73 be good.citizens\n+0005a740: 2e0a 0a54 6865 2073 6372 6970 7473 2061 ...The scripts a\n+0005a750: 7265 206e 6f74 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 re not required \n+0005a760: 746f 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7265 2065 7665 to configure eve\n+0005a770: 7279 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 6f70 7469 ry possible opti\n+0005a780: 6f6e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a70 6163 6b61 on for the.packa\n+0005a790: 6765 2c20 6275 7420 6f6e 6c79 2074 686f ge, but only tho\n+0005a7a0: 7365 206e 6563 6573 7361 7279 2074 6f20 se necessary to \n+0005a7b0: 6765 7420 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 get the package \n+0005a7c0: 7275 6e6e 696e 6720 6f6e 2061 2067 6976 running on a giv\n+0005a7d0: 656e 0a73 7973 7465 6d2e 2020 4964 6561 en.system. Idea\n+0005a7e0: 6c6c 7920 7468 6520 7379 7361 646d 696e lly the sysadmin\n+0005a7f0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 6861 7665 should not have\n+0005a800: 2074 6f20 646f 2061 6e79 2063 6f6e 6669 to do any confi\n+0005a810: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a6f 7468 6572 2074 guration.other t\n+0005a820: 6861 6e20 7468 6174 2064 6f6e 6520 2873 han that done (s\n+0005a830: 656d 692d 2961 7574 6f6d 6174 6963 616c emi-)automatical\n+0005a840: 6c79 2062 7920 7468 6520 e280 9870 6f73 ly by the ...pos\n+0005a850: 7469 6e73 74e2 8099 2073 6372 6970 742e tinst... script.\n+0005a860: 0a0a 4120 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2070 7261 6374 ..A common pract\n+0005a870: 6963 6520 6973 2074 6f20 6372 6561 7465 ice is to create\n+0005a880: 2061 2073 6372 6970 7420 6361 6c6c 6564 a script called\n+0005a890: 20e2 8098 7061 636b 6167 652d 636f 6e66 ...package-conf\n+0005a8a0: 6967 7572 65e2 8099 2061 6e64 0a68 6176 igure... and.hav\n+0005a8b0: 6520 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 e the package...\n+0005a8c0: 7320 e280 9870 6f73 7469 6e73 74e2 8099 s ...postinst...\n+0005a8d0: 2063 616c 6c20 6974 2069 6620 616e 6420 call it if and \n+0005a8e0: 6f6e 6c79 2069 6620 7468 6520 636f 6e66 only if the conf\n+0005a8f0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e0a 6669 6c65 2064 iguration.file d\n+0005a900: 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 616c 7265 6164 7920 oes not already \n+0005a910: 6578 6973 742e 2020 496e 2063 6572 7461 exist. In certa\n+0005a920: 696e 2063 6173 6573 2069 7420 6973 2075 in cases it is u\n+0005a930: 7365 6675 6c20 666f 7220 7468 6572 6520 seful for there \n+0005a940: 746f 0a62 6520 616e 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 to.be an example\n+0005a950: 206f 7220 7465 6d70 6c61 7465 2066 696c or template fil\n+0005a960: 6520 7768 6963 6820 7468 6520 6d61 696e e which the main\n+0005a970: 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 2075 tainer scripts u\n+0005a980: 7365 2e20 2053 7563 680a 6669 6c65 7320 se. Such.files \n+0005a990: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 696e 20e2 8098 should be in ...\n+0005a9a0: 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 2f70 6163 6b61 /usr/share/packa\n+0005a9b0: 6765 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 ge... or .../usr\n+0005a9c0: 2f6c 6962 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9920 /lib/package... \n+0005a9d0: 2864 6570 656e 6469 6e67 0a6f 6e20 7768 (depending.on wh\n+0005a9e0: 6574 6865 7220 7468 6579 2061 7265 2061 ether they are a\n+0005a9f0: 7263 6869 7465 6374 7572 652d 696e 6465 rchitecture-inde\n+0005aa00: 7065 6e64 656e 7420 6f72 206e 6f74 292e pendent or not).\n+0005aa10: 2020 5468 6572 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 There should b\n+0005aa20: 650a 7379 6d62 6f6c 6963 206c 696e 6b73 e.symbolic links\n+0005aa30: 2074 6f20 7468 656d 2066 726f 6d20 e280 to them from ..\n+0005aa40: 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 646f 632f ./usr/share/doc/\n+0005aa50: 7061 636b 6167 652f 6578 616d 706c 6573 package/examples\n+0005aa60: e280 9920 6966 2074 6865 790a 6172 6520 ... if they.are \n+0005aa70: 6578 616d 706c 6573 2c20 616e 6420 7368 examples, and sh\n+0005aa80: 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7065 7266 6563 746c ould be perfectl\n+0005aa90: 7920 6f72 6469 6e61 7279 20e2 8098 6470 y ordinary ...dp\n+0005aaa0: 6b67 e280 992d 6861 6e64 6c65 6420 6669 kg...-handled fi\n+0005aab0: 6c65 730a 2827 6e6f 7427 2063 6f6e 6669 les.('not' confi\n+0005aac0: 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 292e guration files).\n+0005aad0: 0a0a 5468 6573 6520 7477 6f20 7374 796c ..These two styl\n+0005aae0: 6573 206f 6620 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 es of configurat\n+0005aaf0: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2068 616e 646c 696e ion file handlin\n+0005ab00: 6720 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6d69 g must not be mi\n+0005ab10: 7865 642c 2066 6f72 0a74 6861 7420 7761 xed, for.that wa\n+0005ab20: 7920 6c69 6573 206d 6164 6e65 7373 3a20 y lies madness: \n+0005ab30: e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2077 696c 6c20 ...dpkg... will \n+0005ab40: 6173 6b20 6162 6f75 7420 6f76 6572 7772 ask about overwr\n+0005ab50: 6974 696e 6720 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2065 iting the file e\n+0005ab60: 7665 7279 0a74 696d 6520 7468 6520 7061 very.time the pa\n+0005ab70: 636b 6167 6520 6973 2075 7067 7261 6465 ckage is upgrade\n+0005ab80: 642e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d d... ---------\n+0005ab90: 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d - Footnotes ----\n+0005aba0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 2054 ------.. (1) T\n+0005abb0: 6865 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d6d 6169 6e74 he ...dpkg-maint\n+0005abc0: 7363 7269 7074 2d68 656c 7065 72e2 8099 script-helper...\n+0005abd0: 2074 6f6f 6c2c 2061 7661 696c 6162 6c65 tool, available\n+0005abe0: 2066 726f 6d20 7468 6520 6470 6b67 0a70 from the dpkg.p\n+0005abf0: 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 6361 6e20 6865 6c70 ackage, can help\n+0005ac00: 2066 6f72 2074 6869 7320 7461 736b 2e0a for this task..\n+0005ac10: 0a20 2020 2832 2920 5261 7469 6f6e 616c . (2) Rational\n+0005ac20: 653a 2054 6865 7265 2061 7265 2074 776f e: There are two\n+0005ac30: 2070 726f 626c 656d 7320 7769 7468 2068 problems with h\n+0005ac40: 6172 6420 6c69 6e6b 732e 2020 5468 6520 ard links. The \n+0005ac50: 6669 7273 7420 6973 0a74 6861 7420 736f first is.that so\n+0005ac60: 6d65 2065 6469 746f 7273 2062 7265 616b me editors break\n+0005ac70: 2074 6865 206c 696e 6b20 7768 696c 6520 the link while \n+0005ac80: 6564 6974 696e 6720 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 editing one of t\n+0005ac90: 6865 2066 696c 6573 2c20 736f 2074 6861 he files, so tha\n+0005aca0: 740a 7468 6520 7477 6f20 6669 6c65 7320 t.the two files \n+0005acb0: 6d61 7920 756e 7769 7474 696e 676c 7920 may unwittingly \n+0005acc0: 6265 636f 6d65 2075 6e6c 696e 6b65 6420 become unlinked \n+0005acd0: 616e 6420 6469 6666 6572 656e 742e 2020 and different. \n+0005ace0: 5468 6520 7365 636f 6e64 0a69 7320 7468 The second.is th\n+0005acf0: 6174 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 6d69 at ...dpkg... mi\n+0005ad00: 6768 7420 6272 6561 6b20 7468 6520 6861 ght break the ha\n+0005ad10: 7264 206c 696e 6b20 7768 696c 6520 7570 rd link while up\n+0005ad20: 6772 6164 696e 6720 e280 9863 6f6e 6666 grading ...conff\n+0005ad30: 696c 65e2 8099 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 ile...s.....File\n+0005ad40: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n+0005ad50: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 6861 info, Node: Sha\n+0005ad60: 7269 6e67 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 ring configurati\n+0005ad70: 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a on files, Next:\n+0005ad80: 2055 7365 7220 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 User configurat\n+0005ad90: 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 7320 e280 9c64 6f74 ion files ...dot\n+0005ada0: 6669 6c65 73e2 809d 2c20 2050 7265 763a files..., Prev:\n+0005adb0: 2042 6568 6176 696f 722c 2020 5570 3a20 Behavior, Up: \n+0005adc0: 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 Configuration fi\n+0005add0: 6c65 730a 0a31 302e 372e 3420 5368 6172 les..10.7.4 Shar\n+0005ade0: 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f ing configuratio\n+0005adf0: 6e20 6669 6c65 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d n files.--------\n+0005ae00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0005ae10: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4966 2074 ----------..If t\n+0005ae20: 776f 206f 7220 6d6f 7265 2070 6163 6b61 wo or more packa\n+0005ae30: 6765 7320 7573 6520 7468 6520 7361 6d65 ges use the same\n+0005ae40: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n+0005ae50: 696c 6520 616e 6420 6974 2069 730a 7265 ile and it is.re\n+0005ae60: 6173 6f6e 6162 6c65 2066 6f72 2062 6f74 asonable for bot\n+0005ae70: 6820 746f 2062 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 h to be installe\n+0005ae80: 6420 6174 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 7469 d at the same ti\n+0005ae90: 6d65 2c20 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 7365 me, one of these\n+0005aea0: 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6d75 7374 2062 .packages must b\n+0005aeb0: 6520 6465 6669 6e65 6420 6173 2027 6f77 e defined as 'ow\n+0005aec0: 6e65 7227 206f 6620 7468 6520 636f 6e66 ner' of the conf\n+0005aed0: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2c20 iguration file, \n+0005aee0: 692e 652e 2c20 6974 0a77 696c 6c20 6265 i.e., it.will be\n+0005aef0: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2077 6869 the package whi\n+0005af00: 6368 2068 616e 646c 6573 2074 6861 7420 ch handles that \n+0005af10: 6669 6c65 2061 7320 6120 636f 6e66 6967 file as a config\n+0005af20: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2e0a 4f74 uration file..Ot\n+0005af30: 6865 7220 7061 636b 6167 6573 2074 6861 her packages tha\n+0005af40: 7420 7573 6520 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 t use the config\n+0005af50: 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 206d 7573 uration file mus\n+0005af60: 7420 6465 7065 6e64 206f 6e20 7468 6520 t depend on the \n+0005af70: 6f77 6e69 6e67 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2069 owning.package i\n+0005af80: 6620 7468 6579 2072 6571 7569 7265 2074 f they require t\n+0005af90: 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e he configuration\n+0005afa0: 2066 696c 6520 746f 206f 7065 7261 7465 file to operate\n+0005afb0: 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 6f74 6865 720a . If the other.\n+0005afc0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7769 6c6c 2075 7365 package will use\n+0005afd0: 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 the configurati\n+0005afe0: 6f6e 2066 696c 6520 6966 2070 7265 7365 on file if prese\n+0005aff0: 6e74 2c20 6275 7420 6973 2063 6170 6162 nt, but is capab\n+0005b000: 6c65 206f 660a 6f70 6572 6174 696e 6720 le of.operating \n+0005b010: 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6974 2c20 6e6f 2064 without it, no d\n+0005b020: 6570 656e 6465 6e63 7920 6e65 6564 2062 ependency need b\n+0005b030: 6520 6465 636c 6172 6564 2e0a 0a49 6620 e declared...If \n+0005b040: 6974 2069 7320 6465 7369 7261 626c 6520 it is desirable \n+0005b050: 666f 7220 7477 6f20 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 for two or more \n+0005b060: 7265 6c61 7465 6420 7061 636b 6167 6573 related packages\n+0005b070: 2074 6f20 7368 6172 6520 610a 636f 6e66 to share a.conf\n+0005b080: 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2027 iguration file '\n+0005b090: 616e 6427 2066 6f72 2061 6c6c 206f 6620 and' for all of \n+0005b0a0: 7468 6520 7265 6c61 7465 6420 7061 636b the related pack\n+0005b0b0: 6167 6573 2074 6f20 6265 2061 626c 6520 ages to be able \n+0005b0c0: 746f 0a6d 6f64 6966 7920 7468 6174 2063 to.modify that c\n+0005b0d0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c onfiguration fil\n+0005b0e0: 652c 2074 6865 6e20 7468 6520 666f 6c6c e, then the foll\n+0005b0f0: 6f77 696e 6720 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 owing should be \n+0005b100: 646f 6e65 3a0a 0a20 2031 2e20 4f6e 6520 done:.. 1. One \n+0005b110: 6f66 2074 6865 2072 656c 6174 6564 2070 of the related p\n+0005b120: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 2874 6865 20e2 809c ackages (the ...\n+0005b130: 6f77 6e69 6e67 e280 9d20 7061 636b 6167 owning... packag\n+0005b140: 6529 2077 696c 6c20 6d61 6e61 6765 2074 e) will manage t\n+0005b150: 6865 0a20 2020 2020 636f 6e66 6967 7572 he. configur\n+0005b160: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2077 6974 6820 ation file with \n+0005b170: 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 maintainer scrip\n+0005b180: 7473 2061 7320 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 ts as described \n+0005b190: 696e 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 7072 6576 in the. prev\n+0005b1a0: 696f 7573 2073 6563 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 ious section... \n+0005b1b0: 2032 2e20 5468 6520 6f77 6e69 6e67 2070 2. The owning p\n+0005b1c0: 6163 6b61 6765 2073 686f 756c 6420 616c ackage should al\n+0005b1d0: 736f 2070 726f 7669 6465 2061 2070 726f so provide a pro\n+0005b1e0: 6772 616d 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6f74 gram that the ot\n+0005b1f0: 6865 720a 2020 2020 2070 6163 6b61 6765 her. package\n+0005b200: 7320 6d61 7920 7573 6520 746f 206d 6f64 s may use to mod\n+0005b210: 6966 7920 7468 6520 636f 6e66 6967 7572 ify the configur\n+0005b220: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 2e0a 0a20 2033 ation file... 3\n+0005b230: 2e20 5468 6520 7265 6c61 7465 6420 7061 . 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If\n+0005b710: 2061 2075 7365 7220 7265 6d6f 7665 7320 a user removes \n+0005b720: 2877 6974 686f 7574 2070 7572 6769 6e67 (without purging\n+0005b730: 2920 6f6e 6520 6f66 2074 6865 0a70 6163 ) one of the.pac\n+0005b740: 6b61 6765 7320 616e 6420 696e 7374 616c kages and instal\n+0005b750: 6c73 2074 6865 206f 7468 6572 2c20 7468 ls the other, th\n+0005b760: 6520 6e65 7720 7061 636b 6167 6520 7769 e new package wi\n+0005b770: 6c6c 2074 616b 6520 6f76 6572 2074 6865 ll take over the\n+0005b780: 0ae2 8098 636f 6e66 6669 6c65 e280 9920 ....conffile... \n+0005b790: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 206f 6c64 2070 6163 from the old pac\n+0005b7a0: 6b61 6765 2e20 2049 6620 7468 6520 6669 kage. If the fi\n+0005b7b0: 6c65 2077 6173 206d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 le was modified \n+0005b7c0: 6279 2074 6865 2075 7365 722c 0a69 7420 by the user,.it \n+0005b7d0: 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 7472 6561 7465 6420 will be treated \n+0005b7e0: 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 616e 7920 the same as any \n+0005b7f0: 6f74 6865 7220 6c6f 6361 6c6c 7920 6d6f other locally mo\n+0005b800: 6469 6669 6564 20e2 8098 636f 6e66 6669 dified ...conffi\n+0005b810: 6c65 e280 990a 6475 7269 6e67 2061 6e20 le....during an \n+0005b820: 7570 6772 6164 652e 0a0a 5468 6520 6d61 upgrade...The ma\n+0005b830: 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7473 intainer scripts\n+0005b840: 206d 7573 7420 6e6f 7420 616c 7465 7220 must not alter \n+0005b850: 6120 e280 9863 6f6e 6666 696c 65e2 8099 a ...conffile...\n+0005b860: 206f 6620 2761 6e79 2720 7061 636b 6167 of 'any' packag\n+0005b870: 652c 0a69 6e63 6c75 6469 6e67 2074 6865 e,.including the\n+0005b880: 206f 6e65 2074 6865 2073 6372 6970 7473 one the scripts\n+0005b890: 2062 656c 6f6e 6720 746f 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 belong to.....F\n+0005b8a0: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n+0005b8b0: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n+0005b8c0: 5573 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 User configurati\n+0005b8d0: 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 20e2 809c 646f 7466 on files ...dotf\n+0005b8e0: 696c 6573 e280 9d2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 iles..., Prev: \n+0005b8f0: 5368 6172 696e 6720 636f 6e66 6967 7572 Sharing configur\n+0005b900: 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5570 ation files, Up\n+0005b910: 3a20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 : Configuration \n+0005b920: 6669 6c65 730a 0a31 302e 372e 3520 5573 files..10.7.5 Us\n+0005b930: 6572 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e er configuration\n+0005b940: 2066 696c 6573 2028 e280 9c64 6f74 6669 files (...dotfi\n+0005b950: 6c65 73e2 809d 290a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d les...).--------\n+0005b960: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0005b970: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0005b980: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 6669 6c65 7320 ----..The files \n+0005b990: 696e 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f73 6b65 6ce2 in .../etc/skel.\n+0005b9a0: 8099 2077 696c 6c20 6175 746f 6d61 7469 .. will automati\n+0005b9b0: 6361 6c6c 7920 6265 2063 6f70 6965 6420 cally be copied \n+0005b9c0: 696e 746f 206e 6577 2075 7365 720a 6163 into new user.ac\n+0005b9d0: 636f 756e 7473 2062 7920 e280 9861 6464 counts by ...add\n+0005b9e0: 7573 6572 e280 992e 2020 4e6f 206f 7468 user.... 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Only if the\n+0005bcd0: 2070 726f 6772 616d 0a64 6f65 736e e280 program.doesn..\n+0005bce0: 9974 2073 7570 706f 7274 2061 2073 6974 .t support a sit\n+0005bcf0: 652d 7769 6465 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2063 e-wide default c\n+0005bd00: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 onfiguration and\n+0005bd10: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a6d 6169 the package.mai\n+0005bd20: 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 646f 6573 6ee2 8099 ntainer doesn...\n+0005bd30: 7420 6861 7665 2074 696d 6520 746f 2061 t have time to a\n+0005bd40: 6464 2069 7420 6d61 7920 6120 6465 6661 dd it may a defa\n+0005bd50: 756c 7420 7065 722d 7573 6572 2066 696c ult per-user fil\n+0005bd60: 6520 6265 0a70 6c61 6365 6420 696e 20e2 e be.placed in .\n+0005bd70: 8098 2f65 7463 2f73 6b65 6ce2 8099 2e0a ../etc/skel.....\n+0005bd80: 0ae2 8098 2f65 7463 2f73 6b65 6ce2 8099 ..../etc/skel...\n+0005bd90: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 7320 656d should be as em\n+0005bda0: 7074 7920 6173 2077 6520 6361 6e20 6d61 pty as we can ma\n+0005bdb0: 6b65 2069 742e 2020 5468 6973 2069 7320 ke it. This is \n+0005bdc0: 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 6c79 0a74 7275 particularly.tru\n+0005bdd0: 6520 6265 6361 7573 6520 7468 6572 6520 e because there \n+0005bde0: 6973 206e 6f20 6561 7379 2028 6f72 206e is no easy (or n\n+0005bdf0: 6563 6573 7361 7269 6c79 2064 6573 6972 ecessarily desir\n+0005be00: 6162 6c65 2920 6d65 6368 616e 6973 6d20 able) mechanism \n+0005be10: 666f 720a 656e 7375 7269 6e67 2074 6861 for.ensuring tha\n+0005be20: 7420 7468 6520 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 t the appropriat\n+0005be30: 6520 646f 7466 696c 6573 2061 7265 2063 e dotfiles are c\n+0005be40: 6f70 6965 6420 696e 746f 2074 6865 2061 opied into the a\n+0005be50: 6363 6f75 6e74 7320 6f66 0a65 7869 7374 ccounts of.exist\n+0005be60: 696e 6720 7573 6572 7320 7768 656e 2061 ing users when a\n+0005be70: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 696e 7374 package is inst\n+0005be80: 616c 6c65 642e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 alled.....File: \n+0005be90: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+0005bea0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 204c 6f67 2066 fo, Node: Log f\n+0005beb0: 696c 6573 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204c 6f63 iles, Next: Loc\n+0005bec0: 616c 6520 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5072 6576 ale files, Prev\n+0005bed0: 3a20 436f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 : Configuration \n+0005bee0: 6669 6c65 732c 2020 5570 3a20 4669 6c65 files, Up: File\n+0005bef0: 733c 323e 0a0a 3130 2e38 204c 6f67 2066 s<2>..10.8 Log f\n+0005bf00: 696c 6573 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d iles.===========\n+0005bf10: 3d3d 3d0a 0a4c 6f67 2066 696c 6573 2073 ===..Log files s\n+0005bf20: 686f 756c 6420 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6265 hould usually be\n+0005bf30: 206e 616d 6564 20e2 8098 2f76 6172 2f6c named .../var/l\n+0005bf40: 6f67 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 2e6c 6f67 e280 og/package.log..\n+0005bf50: 992e 2020 4966 2079 6f75 2068 6176 650a .. If you have.\n+0005bf60: 6d61 6e79 206c 6f67 2066 696c 6573 2c20 many log files, \n+0005bf70: 6f72 206e 6565 6420 6120 7365 7061 7261 or need a separa\n+0005bf80: 7465 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2066 6f72 te directory for\n+0005bf90: 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 7265 6173 permission reas\n+0005bfa0: 6f6e 730a 28e2 8098 2f76 6172 2f6c 6f67 ons.(.../var/log\n+0005bfb0: e280 9920 6973 2077 7269 7461 626c 6520 ... is writable \n+0005bfc0: 6f6e 6c79 2062 7920 e280 9872 6f6f 74e2 only by ...root.\n+0005bfd0: 8099 292c 2079 6f75 2073 686f 756c 6420 ..), you should \n+0005bfe0: 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 6372 6561 7465 2061 usually create a\n+0005bff0: 0a64 6972 6563 746f 7279 206e 616d 6564 .directory named\n+0005c000: 20e2 8098 2f76 6172 2f6c 6f67 2f70 6163 .../var/log/pac\n+0005c010: 6b61 6765 e280 9920 616e 6420 706c 6163 kage... and plac\n+0005c020: 6520 796f 7572 206c 6f67 2066 696c 6573 e your log files\n+0005c030: 2074 6865 7265 2e0a 0a4c 6f67 2066 696c there...Log fil\n+0005c040: 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 2072 6f74 6174 es must be rotat\n+0005c050: 6564 206f 6363 6173 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 ed occasionally \n+0005c060: 736f 2074 6861 7420 7468 6579 2064 6f6e so that they don\n+0005c070: e280 9974 2067 726f 770a 696e 6465 6669 ...t grow.indefi\n+0005c080: 6e69 7465 6c79 2e20 2054 6865 2062 6573 nitely. The bes\n+0005c090: 7420 7761 7920 746f 2064 6f20 7468 6973 t way to do this\n+0005c0a0: 2069 7320 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2061 is to install a\n+0005c0b0: 206c 6f67 2072 6f74 6174 696f 6e0a 636f log rotation.co\n+0005c0c0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n+0005c0d0: 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 in the director\n+0005c0e0: 7920 e280 982f 6574 632f 6c6f 6772 6f74 y .../etc/logrot\n+0005c0f0: 6174 652e 64e2 8099 2c20 6e6f 726d 616c ate.d..., normal\n+0005c100: 6c79 206e 616d 6564 0ae2 8098 2f65 7463 ly named..../etc\n+0005c110: 2f6c 6f67 726f 7461 7465 2e64 2f70 6163 /logrotate.d/pac\n+0005c120: 6b61 6765 e280 992c 2061 6e64 2075 7365 kage..., and use\n+0005c130: 2074 6865 2066 6163 696c 6974 6965 7320 the facilities \n+0005c140: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2062 790a e280 986c provided by....l\n+0005c150: 6f67 726f 7461 7465 e280 992e 2020 2831 ogrotate.... (1\n+0005c160: 2920 2048 6572 6520 6973 2061 2067 6f6f ) Here is a goo\n+0005c170: 6420 6578 616d 706c 6520 666f 7220 6120 d example for a \n+0005c180: 6c6f 6772 6f74 6174 6520 636f 6e66 6967 logrotate config\n+0005c190: 2066 696c 650a 2866 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 file.(for more \n+0005c1a0: 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7365 6520 information see \n+0005c1b0: e280 986c 6f67 726f 7461 7465 2838 29e2 ...logrotate(8).\n+0005c1c0: 8099 293a 0a0a 2020 2020 202f 7661 722f ..):.. /var/\n+0005c1d0: 6c6f 672f 666f 6f2f 2a2e 6c6f 6720 7b0a log/foo/*.log {.\n+0005c1e0: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2072 6f74 6174 6520 rotate \n+0005c1f0: 3132 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 7765 656b 12. week\n+0005c200: 6c79 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 636f 6d70 ly. comp\n+0005c210: 7265 7373 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 6d69 ress. mi\n+0005c220: 7373 696e 676f 6b0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 ssingok. \n+0005c230: 2070 6f73 7472 6f74 6174 650a 2020 2020 postrotate. \n+0005c240: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2073 7461 7274 2d73 start-s\n+0005c250: 746f 702d 6461 656d 6f6e 202d 4b20 2d70 top-daemon -K -p\n+0005c260: 202f 7661 722f 7275 6e2f 666f 6f2e 7069 /var/run/foo.pi\n+0005c270: 6420 2d73 2048 5550 202d 7820 2f75 7372 d -s HUP -x /usr\n+0005c280: 2f73 6269 6e2f 666f 6f20 2d71 0a20 2020 /sbin/foo -q. \n+0005c290: 2020 2020 2020 656e 6473 6372 6970 740a endscript.\n+0005c2a0: 2020 2020 207d 0a0a 5468 6973 2072 6f74 }..This rot\n+0005c2b0: 6174 6573 2061 6c6c 2066 696c 6573 2075 ates all files u\n+0005c2c0: 6e64 6572 20e2 8098 2f76 6172 2f6c 6f67 nder .../var/log\n+0005c2d0: 2f66 6f6f e280 992c 2073 6176 6573 2031 /foo..., saves 1\n+0005c2e0: 3220 636f 6d70 7265 7373 6564 0a67 656e 2 compressed.gen\n+0005c2f0: 6572 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 616e 6420 7465 erations, and te\n+0005c300: 6c6c 7320 7468 6520 6461 656d 6f6e 2074 lls the daemon t\n+0005c310: 6f20 7265 6f70 656e 2069 7473 206c 6f67 o reopen its log\n+0005c320: 2066 696c 6573 2061 6674 6572 2074 6865 files after the\n+0005c330: 206c 6f67 0a72 6f74 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 log.rotation. \n+0005c340: 4974 2073 6b69 7073 2074 6869 7320 6c6f It skips this lo\n+0005c350: 6720 726f 7461 7469 6f6e 2028 7669 6120 g rotation (via \n+0005c360: e280 986d 6973 7369 6e67 6f6b e280 9929 ...missingok...)\n+0005c370: 2069 6620 6e6f 2073 7563 6820 6c6f 670a if no such log.\n+0005c380: 6669 6c65 2069 7320 7072 6573 656e 742c file is present,\n+0005c390: 2077 6869 6368 2061 766f 6964 7320 6572 which avoids er\n+0005c3a0: 726f 7273 2069 6620 7468 6520 7061 636b rors if the pack\n+0005c3b0: 6167 6520 6973 2072 656d 6f76 6564 2062 age is removed b\n+0005c3c0: 7574 206e 6f74 0a70 7572 6765 642e 0a0a ut not.purged...\n+0005c3d0: 4c6f 6720 6669 6c65 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 Log files should\n+0005c3e0: 2062 6520 7265 6d6f 7665 6420 7768 656e be removed when\n+0005c3f0: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 the package is \n+0005c400: 7075 7267 6564 2028 6275 7420 6e6f 7420 purged (but not \n+0005c410: 7768 656e 2069 740a 6973 206f 6e6c 7920 when it.is only \n+0005c420: 7265 6d6f 7665 6429 2e20 2054 6869 7320 removed). This \n+0005c430: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 646f 6e65 2062 should be done b\n+0005c440: 7920 7468 6520 e280 9870 6f73 7472 6de2 y the ...postrm.\n+0005c450: 8099 2073 6372 6970 7420 7768 656e 2069 .. script when i\n+0005c460: 7420 6973 0a63 616c 6c65 6420 7769 7468 t is.called with\n+0005c470: 2074 6865 2061 7267 756d 656e 7420 e280 the argument ..\n+0005c480: 9870 7572 6765 e280 9920 2873 6565 202a .purge... (see *\n+0005c490: 6e6f 7465 2044 6574 6169 6c73 206f 6620 note Details of \n+0005c4a0: 7265 6d6f 7661 6c20 616e 642f 6f72 0a63 removal and/or.c\n+0005c4b0: 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2070 7572 onfiguration pur\n+0005c4c0: 6769 6e67 3a20 6565 2e29 2e0a 0a20 2020 ging: ee.)... \n+0005c4d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e ---------- Footn\n+0005c4e0: 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a otes ----------.\n+0005c4f0: 0a20 2020 2831 2920 5468 6520 7472 6164 . (1) The trad\n+0005c500: 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 6170 7072 6f61 6368 itional approach\n+0005c510: 2074 6f20 6c6f 6720 6669 6c65 7320 6861 to log files ha\n+0005c520: 7320 6265 656e 2074 6f20 7365 7420 7570 s been to set up\n+0005c530: 2027 6164 2068 6f63 270a 6c6f 6720 726f 'ad hoc'.log ro\n+0005c540: 7461 7469 6f6e 2073 6368 656d 6573 2075 tation schemes u\n+0005c550: 7369 6e67 2073 696d 706c 6520 7368 656c sing simple shel\n+0005c560: 6c20 7363 7269 7074 7320 616e 6420 6372 l scripts and cr\n+0005c570: 6f6e 2e20 2057 6869 6c65 2074 6869 730a on. While this.\n+0005c580: 6170 7072 6f61 6368 2069 7320 6869 6768 approach is high\n+0005c590: 6c79 2063 7573 746f 6d69 7a61 626c 652c ly customizable,\n+0005c5a0: 2069 7420 7265 7175 6972 6573 2071 7569 it requires qui\n+0005c5b0: 7465 2061 206c 6f74 206f 6620 7379 7361 te a lot of sysa\n+0005c5c0: 646d 696e 0a77 6f72 6b2e 2020 4576 656e dmin.work. Even\n+0005c5d0: 2074 686f 7567 6820 7468 6520 6f72 6967 though the orig\n+0005c5e0: 696e 616c 2044 6562 6961 6e20 7379 7374 inal Debian syst\n+0005c5f0: 656d 2068 656c 7065 6420 6120 6c69 7474 em helped a litt\n+0005c600: 6c65 2062 790a 6175 746f 6d61 7469 6361 le by.automatica\n+0005c610: 6c6c 7920 696e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2061 lly installing a\n+0005c620: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 7768 6963 6820 6361 system which ca\n+0005c630: 6e20 6265 2075 7365 6420 6173 2061 2074 n be used as a t\n+0005c640: 656d 706c 6174 652c 2074 6869 730a 7761 emplate, this.wa\n+0005c650: 7320 6465 656d 6564 206e 6f74 2065 6e6f s deemed not eno\n+0005c660: 7567 682e 0a0a 5468 6520 7573 6520 6f66 ugh...The use of\n+0005c670: 20e2 8098 6c6f 6772 6f74 6174 65e2 8099 ...logrotate...\n+0005c680: 2c20 6120 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 6465 7665 , a program deve\n+0005c690: 6c6f 7065 6420 6279 2052 6564 2048 6174 loped by Red Hat\n+0005c6a0: 2c20 6973 2062 6574 7465 722c 2061 7320 , is better, as \n+0005c6b0: 6974 0a63 656e 7472 616c 697a 6573 206c it.centralizes l\n+0005c6c0: 6f67 206d 616e 6167 656d 656e 742e 2020 og management. \n+0005c6d0: 4974 2068 6173 2062 6f74 6820 6120 636f It has both a co\n+0005c6e0: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 6c65 nfiguration file\n+0005c6f0: 0a28 e280 982f 6574 632f 6c6f 6772 6f74 .(.../etc/logrot\n+0005c700: 6174 652e 636f 6e66 e280 9929 2061 6e64 ate.conf...) and\n+0005c710: 2061 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2077 6865 a directory whe\n+0005c720: 7265 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 6361 6e20 re packages can \n+0005c730: 6472 6f70 2074 6865 6972 0a69 6e64 6976 drop their.indiv\n+0005c740: 6964 7561 6c20 6c6f 6720 726f 7461 7469 idual log rotati\n+0005c750: 6f6e 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e on configuration\n+0005c760: 7320 28e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f6c 6f67 726f s (.../etc/logro\n+0005c770: 7461 7465 2e64 e280 9929 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 tate.d...).....F\n+0005c780: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n+0005c790: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n+0005c7a0: 4c6f 6361 6c65 2066 696c 6573 2c20 204e Locale files, N\n+0005c7b0: 6578 743a 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e73 ext: Permissions\n+0005c7c0: 2061 6e64 206f 776e 6572 732c 2020 5072 and owners, Pr\n+0005c7d0: 6576 3a20 4c6f 6720 6669 6c65 732c 2020 ev: Log files, \n+0005c7e0: 5570 3a20 4669 6c65 733c 323e 0a0a 3130 Up: Files<2>..10\n+0005c7f0: 2e39 204c 6f63 616c 6520 6669 6c65 730a .9 Locale files.\n+0005c800: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0005c810: 3d0a 0a54 6865 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 =..The directory\n+0005c820: 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 2f6c .../usr/share/l\n+0005c830: 6f63 616c 652f e280 9920 636f 6e74 6169 ocale/... contai\n+0005c840: 6e73 206c 6f63 616c 697a 6174 696f 6e20 ns localization \n+0005c850: 6669 6c65 7320 666f 720a 6469 6666 6572 files for.differ\n+0005c860: 656e 7420 6c6f 6361 6c65 732e 0a0a 5061 ent locales...Pa\n+0005c870: 636b 6167 6573 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f ckages should no\n+0005c880: 7420 7265 7175 6972 6520 7468 6520 6578 t require the ex\n+0005c890: 6973 7465 6e63 6520 6f66 2061 6e79 2066 istence of any f\n+0005c8a0: 696c 6573 2069 6e0a e280 982f 7573 722f iles in..../usr/\n+0005c8b0: 7368 6172 652f 6c6f 6361 6c65 2fe2 8099 share/locale/...\n+0005c8c0: 2069 6e20 6f72 6465 7220 746f 2066 756e in order to fun\n+0005c8d0: 6374 696f 6e20 696e 2061 20e2 8098 43e2 ction in a ...C.\n+0005c8e0: 8099 206f 7220 e280 9843 2e55 5446 2d38 .. or ...C.UTF-8\n+0005c8f0: e280 9920 6c6f 6361 6c65 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 ... locale.....F\n+0005c900: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n+0005c910: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n+0005c920: 5065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 Permissions and \n+0005c930: 6f77 6e65 7273 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2046 owners, Next: F\n+0005c940: 696c 6520 6e61 6d65 732c 2020 5072 6576 ile names, Prev\n+0005c950: 3a20 4c6f 6361 6c65 2066 696c 6573 2c20 : Locale files, \n+0005c960: 2055 703a 2046 696c 6573 3c32 3e0a 0a31 Up: Files<2>..1\n+0005c970: 302e 3130 2050 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e73 0.10 Permissions\n+0005c980: 2061 6e64 206f 776e 6572 730a 3d3d 3d3d and owners.====\n+0005c990: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0005c9a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a 5468 6520 7275 ========..The ru\n+0005c9b0: 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6869 7320 7365 6374 les in this sect\n+0005c9c0: 696f 6e20 6172 6520 6775 6964 656c 696e ion are guidelin\n+0005c9d0: 6573 2066 6f72 2067 656e 6572 616c 2075 es for general u\n+0005c9e0: 7365 2e20 2049 6620 6e65 6365 7373 6172 se. 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Howev\n+0005ca20: 6572 2c20 6966 2079 6f75 2064 6f20 736f er, if you do so\n+0005ca30: 2079 6f75 206d 7573 740a 6d61 6b65 2073 you must.make s\n+0005ca40: 7572 6520 7468 6174 2077 6861 7420 6973 ure that what is\n+0005ca50: 2064 6f6e 6520 6973 2073 6563 7572 6520 done is secure \n+0005ca60: 616e 6420 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 2074 and you should t\n+0005ca70: 7279 2074 6f20 6265 2061 730a 636f 6e73 ry to be as.cons\n+0005ca80: 6973 7465 6e74 2061 7320 706f 7373 6962 istent as possib\n+0005ca90: 6c65 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 7265 7374 le with the rest\n+0005caa0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 2e20 of the system. \n+0005cab0: 2059 6f75 2061 7265 2061 6c73 6f0a 656e You are also.en\n+0005cac0: 636f 7572 6167 6564 2074 6f20 6469 7363 couraged to disc\n+0005cad0: 7573 7320 6974 206f 6e20 e280 9864 6562 uss it on ...deb\n+0005cae0: 6961 6e2d 6465 7665 6ce2 8099 2066 6972 ian-devel... fir\n+0005caf0: 7374 2e0a 0a46 696c 6573 2073 686f 756c st...Files shoul\n+0005cb00: 6420 6265 206f 776e 6564 2062 7920 e280 d be owned by ..\n+0005cb10: 9872 6f6f 743a 726f 6f74 e280 992c 2061 .root:root..., a\n+0005cb20: 6e64 206d 6164 6520 7772 6974 6162 6c65 nd made writable\n+0005cb30: 206f 6e6c 7920 6279 2074 6865 0a6f 776e only by the.own\n+0005cb40: 6572 2061 6e64 2075 6e69 7665 7273 616c er and universal\n+0005cb50: 6c79 2072 6561 6461 626c 6520 2861 6e64 ly readable (and\n+0005cb60: 2065 7865 6375 7461 626c 652c 2069 6620 executable, if \n+0005cb70: 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6529 2c20 7468 appropriate), th\n+0005cb80: 6174 2069 730a 6d6f 6465 2036 3434 206f at is.mode 644 o\n+0005cb90: 7220 3735 352e 0a0a 4469 7265 6374 6f72 r 755...Director\n+0005cba0: 6965 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6d6f ies should be mo\n+0005cbb0: 6465 2037 3535 206f 7220 2866 6f72 2067 de 755 or (for g\n+0005cbc0: 726f 7570 2d77 7269 7461 6269 6c69 7479 roup-writability\n+0005cbd0: 2920 6d6f 6465 2032 3737 352e 0a54 6865 ) mode 2775..The\n+0005cbe0: 206f 776e 6572 7368 6970 206f 6620 7468 ownership of th\n+0005cbf0: 6520 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7368 6f75 e directory shou\n+0005cc00: 6c64 2062 6520 636f 6e73 6973 7465 6e74 ld be consistent\n+0005cc10: 2077 6974 6820 6974 7320 6d6f 6465 3a20 with its mode: \n+0005cc20: 6966 2061 0a64 6972 6563 746f 7279 2069 if a.directory i\n+0005cc30: 7320 6d6f 6465 2032 3737 352c 2069 7420 s mode 2775, it \n+0005cc40: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 6f77 6e65 6420 should be owned \n+0005cc50: 6279 2074 6865 2067 726f 7570 2074 6861 by the group tha\n+0005cc60: 7420 6e65 6564 7320 7772 6974 650a 6163 t needs write.ac\n+0005cc70: 6365 7373 2074 6f20 6974 2e20 2028 3129 cess to it. 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In th\n+0005cf40: 6973 2063 6173 6520 7468 6579 2073 686f is case they sho\n+0005cf50: 756c 6420 6265 206f 776e 6564 2062 7920 uld be owned by \n+0005cf60: 7468 6520 7569 6420 746f 0a77 6869 6368 the uid to.which\n+0005cf70: 2074 6865 7920 6172 6520 7365 742d 6964 they are set-id\n+0005cf80: 2c20 616e 6420 6279 2074 6865 2067 726f , and by the gro\n+0005cf90: 7570 2077 6869 6368 2073 686f 756c 6420 up which should \n+0005cfa0: 6265 2061 6c6c 6f77 6564 2074 6f0a 6578 be allowed to.ex\n+0005cfb0: 6563 7574 6520 7468 656d 2e20 2054 6865 ecute them. 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(Doing it\n+0005d560: 2069 6e20 7468 650a e280 9870 6f73 7469 in the....posti\n+0005d570: 6e73 74e2 8099 2069 7320 746f 2062 6520 nst... is to be \n+0005d580: 7072 6566 6572 7265 6420 6966 2069 7420 preferred if it \n+0005d590: 6973 2070 6f73 7369 626c 652c 206f 7468 is possible, oth\n+0005d5a0: 6572 7769 7365 2061 0a70 7265 2d64 6570 erwise a.pre-dep\n+0005d5b0: 656e 6465 6e63 7920 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 endency will be \n+0005d5c0: 6e65 6564 6564 206f 6e20 7468 6520 e280 needed on the ..\n+0005d5d0: 9861 6464 7573 6572 e280 9920 7061 636b .adduser... pack\n+0005d5e0: 6167 652e 290a 0a4f 6e20 7468 6520 6f74 age.)..On the ot\n+0005d5f0: 6865 7220 6861 6e64 2c20 7468 6520 7072 her hand, the pr\n+0005d600: 6f67 7261 6d20 6d69 6768 7420 6265 2061 ogram might be a\n+0005d610: 626c 6520 746f 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 ble to determine\n+0005d620: 2074 6865 2075 6964 206f 7220 6769 640a the uid or gid.\n+0005d630: 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2075 7365 7220 6f72 from the user or\n+0005d640: 2067 726f 7570 206e 616d 6520 6174 2072 group name at r\n+0005d650: 756e 7469 6d65 2c20 736f 2074 6861 7420 untime, so that \n+0005d660: 6120 6479 6e61 6d69 6361 6c6c 7920 616c a dynamically al\n+0005d670: 6c6f 6361 7465 640a 6964 2063 616e 2062 located.id can b\n+0005d680: 6520 7573 6564 2e20 2049 6e20 7468 6973 e used. In this\n+0005d690: 2063 6173 6520 796f 7520 7368 6f75 6c64 case you should\n+0005d6a0: 2063 686f 6f73 6520 616e 2061 7070 726f choose an appro\n+0005d6b0: 7072 6961 7465 2075 7365 7220 6f72 0a67 priate user or.g\n+0005d6c0: 726f 7570 206e 616d 652c 2064 6973 6375 roup name, discu\n+0005d6d0: 7373 696e 6720 7468 6973 206f 6e20 e280 ssing this on ..\n+0005d6e0: 9864 6562 6961 6e2d 6465 7665 6ce2 8099 .debian-devel...\n+0005d6f0: 2061 6e64 2063 6865 636b 696e 6720 7468 and checking th\n+0005d700: 6174 2069 7420 6973 0a75 6e69 7175 652e at it is.unique.\n+0005d710: 2020 5768 656e 2074 6869 7320 6861 7320 When this has \n+0005d720: 6265 656e 2063 6865 636b 6564 2079 6f75 been checked you\n+0005d730: 206d 7573 7420 6172 7261 6e67 6520 666f must arrange fo\n+0005d740: 7220 796f 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 r your package t\n+0005d750: 6f0a 6372 6561 7465 2074 6865 2075 7365 o.create the use\n+0005d760: 7220 6f72 2067 726f 7570 2069 6620 6e65 r or group if ne\n+0005d770: 6365 7373 6172 7920 7573 696e 6720 e280 cessary using ..\n+0005d780: 9861 6464 7573 6572 e280 9920 696e 2074 .adduser... in t\n+0005d790: 6865 20e2 8098 7072 6569 6e73 74e2 8099 he ...preinst...\n+0005d7a0: 0a6f 7220 e280 9870 6f73 7469 6e73 74e2 .or ...postinst.\n+0005d7b0: 8099 2073 6372 6970 7420 2861 6761 696e .. script (again\n+0005d7c0: 2c20 7468 6520 6c61 7474 6572 2069 7320 , the latter is \n+0005d7d0: 746f 2062 6520 7072 6566 6572 7265 6420 to be preferred \n+0005d7e0: 6966 2069 7420 6973 0a70 6f73 7369 626c if it is.possibl\n+0005d7f0: 6529 2e0a 0a4e 6f74 6520 7468 6174 2063 e)...Note that c\n+0005d800: 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 6520 6e75 6d65 hanging the nume\n+0005d810: 7269 6320 7661 6c75 6520 6f66 2061 6e20 ric value of an \n+0005d820: 6964 2061 7373 6f63 6961 7465 6420 7769 id associated wi\n+0005d830: 7468 2061 206e 616d 6520 6973 0a76 6572 th a name is.ver\n+0005d840: 7920 6469 6666 6963 756c 742c 2061 6e64 y difficult, and\n+0005d850: 2069 6e76 6f6c 7665 7320 7365 6172 6368 involves search\n+0005d860: 696e 6720 7468 6520 6669 6c65 2073 7973 ing the file sys\n+0005d870: 7465 6d20 666f 7220 616c 6c0a 6170 7072 tem for all.appr\n+0005d880: 6f70 7269 6174 6520 6669 6c65 732e 2020 opriate files. \n+0005d890: 596f 7520 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 7468 696e You need to thin\n+0005d8a0: 6b20 6361 7265 6675 6c6c 7920 7768 6574 k carefully whet\n+0005d8b0: 6865 7220 6120 7374 6174 6963 206f 720a her a static or.\n+0005d8c0: 6479 6e61 6d69 6320 6964 2069 7320 7265 dynamic id is re\n+0005d8d0: 7175 6972 6564 2c20 7369 6e63 6520 6368 quired, since ch\n+0005d8e0: 616e 6769 6e67 2079 6f75 7220 6d69 6e64 anging your mind\n+0005d8f0: 206c 6174 6572 2077 696c 6c20 6361 7573 later will caus\n+0005d900: 650a 7072 6f62 6c65 6d73 2e0a 0a2a 204d e.problems...* M\n+0005d910: 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 5468 6520 7573 6520 enu:..* The use \n+0005d920: 6f66 2064 706b 672d 7374 6174 6f76 6572 of dpkg-statover\n+0005d930: 7269 6465 3a3a 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d ride::.. -----\n+0005d940: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n+0005d950: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n+0005d960: 3129 2057 6865 6e20 6120 7061 636b 6167 1) When a packag\n+0005d970: 6520 6973 2075 7067 7261 6465 642c 2061 e is upgraded, a\n+0005d980: 6e64 2074 6865 206f 776e 6572 206f 7220 nd the owner or \n+0005d990: 7065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2061 permissions of a\n+0005d9a0: 0a66 696c 6520 696e 636c 7564 6564 2069 .file included i\n+0005d9b0: 6e20 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6861 n the package ha\n+0005d9c0: 7320 6368 616e 6765 642c 2064 706b 6720 s changed, dpkg \n+0005d9d0: 6172 7261 6e67 6573 2066 6f72 2074 6865 arranges for the\n+0005d9e0: 0a6f 776e 6572 7368 6970 2061 6e64 2070 .ownership and p\n+0005d9f0: 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e73 2074 6f20 6265 ermissions to be\n+0005da00: 2063 6f72 7265 6374 6c79 2073 6574 2075 correctly set u\n+0005da10: 706f 6e20 696e 7374 616c 6c61 7469 6f6e pon installation\n+0005da20: 2e0a 486f 7765 7665 722c 2074 6869 7320 ..However, this \n+0005da30: 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2065 7874 656e 6420 does not extend \n+0005da40: 746f 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 3b20 to directories; \n+0005da50: 7468 6520 7065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 7320 the permissions \n+0005da60: 616e 640a 6f77 6e65 7273 6869 7020 6f66 and.ownership of\n+0005da70: 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 6573 2061 6c72 directories alr\n+0005da80: 6561 6479 206f 6e20 7468 6520 7379 7374 eady on the syst\n+0005da90: 656d 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6368 616e em does not chan\n+0005daa0: 6765 206f 6e0a 696e 7374 616c 6c20 6f72 ge on.install or\n+0005dab0: 2075 7067 7261 6465 206f 6620 7061 636b upgrade of pack\n+0005dac0: 6167 6573 2e20 2054 6869 7320 6d61 6b65 ages. This make\n+0005dad0: 7320 7365 6e73 652c 2073 696e 6365 206f s sense, since o\n+0005dae0: 7468 6572 7769 7365 0a63 6f6d 6d6f 6e20 therwise.common \n+0005daf0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 7320 6c69 6b65 directories like\n+0005db00: 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 e280 9920 776f 756c .../usr... woul\n+0005db10: 6420 616c 7761 7973 2062 6520 696e 2066 d always be in f\n+0005db20: 6c75 782e 2020 546f 2063 6f72 7265 6374 lux. To correct\n+0005db30: 6c79 0a63 6861 6e67 6520 7065 726d 6973 ly.change permis\n+0005db40: 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 2061 2064 6972 6563 sions of a direc\n+0005db50: 746f 7279 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 tory the package\n+0005db60: 206f 776e 732c 2065 7870 6c69 6369 7420 owns, explicit \n+0005db70: 6163 7469 6f6e 2069 730a 7265 7175 6972 action is.requir\n+0005db80: 6564 2c20 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 696e 2074 ed, usually in t\n+0005db90: 6865 20e2 8098 706f 7374 696e 7374 e280 he ...postinst..\n+0005dba0: 9920 7363 7269 7074 2e20 2043 6172 6520 . script. Care \n+0005dbb0: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7461 6b65 6e20 746f must be taken to\n+0005dbc0: 0a68 616e 646c 6520 646f 776e 6772 6164 .handle downgrad\n+0005dbd0: 6573 2061 7320 7765 6c6c 2c20 696e 2074 es as well, in t\n+0005dbe0: 6861 7420 6361 7365 2e0a 0a20 2020 2832 hat case... (2\n+0005dbf0: 2920 4f72 6469 6e61 7279 2066 696c 6573 ) Ordinary files\n+0005dc00: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2062 7920 e280 installed by ..\n+0005dc10: 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2028 6173 206f 7070 .dpkg... (as opp\n+0005dc20: 6f73 6564 2074 6f20 e280 9863 6f6e 6666 osed to ...conff\n+0005dc30: 696c 65e2 8099 7320 616e 640a 6f74 6865 ile...s and.othe\n+0005dc40: 7220 7369 6d69 6c61 7220 6f62 6a65 6374 r similar object\n+0005dc50: 7329 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 6861 7665 s) normally have\n+0005dc60: 2074 6865 6972 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f their permissio\n+0005dc70: 6e73 2072 6573 6574 2074 6f20 7468 650a ns reset to the.\n+0005dc80: 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 6420 7065 726d distributed perm\n+0005dc90: 6973 7369 6f6e 7320 7768 656e 2074 6865 issions when the\n+0005dca0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2069 7320 7265 696e package is rein\n+0005dcb0: 7374 616c 6c65 642e 2020 486f 7765 7665 stalled. Howeve\n+0005dcc0: 722c 2074 6865 0a75 7365 206f 6620 e280 r, the.use of ..\n+0005dcd0: 9864 706b 672d 7374 6174 6f76 6572 7269 .dpkg-statoverri\n+0005dce0: 6465 e280 9920 6f76 6572 7269 6465 7320 de... overrides \n+0005dcf0: 7468 6973 2064 6566 6175 6c74 2062 6568 this default beh\n+0005dd00: 6176 696f 722e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 avior.....File: \n+0005dd10: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+0005dd20: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2054 6865 2075 fo, Node: The u\n+0005dd30: 7365 206f 6620 6470 6b67 2d73 7461 746f se of dpkg-stato\n+0005dd40: 7665 7272 6964 652c 2020 5570 3a20 5065 verride, Up: Pe\n+0005dd50: 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 7320 616e 6420 6f77 rmissions and ow\n+0005dd60: 6e65 7273 0a0a 3130 2e31 302e 3120 5468 ners..10.10.1 Th\n+0005dd70: 6520 7573 6520 6f66 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 e use of ...dpkg\n+0005dd80: 2d73 7461 746f 7665 7272 6964 65e2 8099 -statoverride...\n+0005dd90: 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d .---------------\n+0005dda0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0005ddb0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 7365 -------..This se\n+0005ddc0: 6374 696f 6e20 6973 206e 6f74 2069 6e74 ction is not int\n+0005ddd0: 656e 6465 6420 6173 2070 6f6c 6963 792c ended as policy,\n+0005dde0: 2062 7574 2061 7320 6120 6465 7363 7269 but as a descri\n+0005ddf0: 7074 696f 6e20 6f66 2074 6865 2075 7365 ption of the use\n+0005de00: 0a6f 6620 e280 9864 706b 672d 7374 6174 .of ...dpkg-stat\n+0005de10: 6f76 6572 7269 6465 e280 992e 0a0a 4966 override......If\n+0005de20: 2061 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6164 6d69 6e69 a system admini\n+0005de30: 7374 7261 746f 7220 7769 7368 6573 2074 strator wishes t\n+0005de40: 6f20 6861 7665 2061 2066 696c 6520 286f o have a file (o\n+0005de50: 7220 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 6f72 206f r directory or o\n+0005de60: 7468 6572 0a73 7563 6820 7468 696e 6729 ther.such thing)\n+0005de70: 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2077 6974 6820 installed with \n+0005de80: 6f77 6e65 7220 616e 6420 7065 726d 6973 owner and permis\n+0005de90: 7369 6f6e 7320 6469 6666 6572 656e 7420 sions different \n+0005dea0: 6672 6f6d 2074 686f 7365 2069 6e0a 7468 from those in.th\n+0005deb0: 6520 6469 7374 7269 6275 7465 6420 4465 e distributed De\n+0005dec0: 6269 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2c20 7468 bian package, th\n+0005ded0: 6579 2063 616e 2075 7365 2074 6865 20e2 ey can use the .\n+0005dee0: 8098 6470 6b67 2d73 7461 746f 7665 7272 ..dpkg-statoverr\n+0005def0: 6964 65e2 8099 0a70 726f 6772 616d 2074 ide....program t\n+0005df00: 6f20 696e 7374 7275 6374 20e2 8098 6470 o instruct ...dp\n+0005df10: 6b67 e280 9920 746f 2075 7365 2074 6865 kg... to use the\n+0005df20: 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 2073 6574 7469 different setti\n+0005df30: 6e67 7320 6576 6572 7920 7469 6d65 2074 ngs every time t\n+0005df40: 6865 0a66 696c 6520 6973 2069 6e73 7461 he.file is insta\n+0005df50: 6c6c 6564 2e20 2054 6875 7320 7468 6520 lled. Thus the \n+0005df60: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e package maintain\n+0005df70: 6572 2073 686f 756c 6420 6469 7374 7269 er should distri\n+0005df80: 6275 7465 2074 6865 0a66 696c 6573 2077 bute the.files w\n+0005df90: 6974 6820 7468 6569 7220 6e6f 726d 616c ith their normal\n+0005dfa0: 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e73 2c20 616e permissions, an\n+0005dfb0: 6420 6c65 6176 6520 6974 2066 6f72 2074 d leave it for t\n+0005dfc0: 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 6164 6d69 6e69 he system.admini\n+0005dfd0: 7374 7261 746f 7220 746f 206d 616b 6520 strator to make \n+0005dfe0: 616e 7920 6465 7369 7265 6420 6368 616e any desired chan\n+0005dff0: 6765 732e 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c ges. For exampl\n+0005e000: 652c 2061 2064 6165 6d6f 6e20 7768 6963 e, a daemon whic\n+0005e010: 680a 6973 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c 7920 7265 h.is normally re\n+0005e020: 7175 6972 6564 2074 6f20 6265 2073 6574 quired to be set\n+0005e030: 7569 6420 726f 6f74 2c20 6275 7420 696e uid root, but in\n+0005e040: 2063 6572 7461 696e 2073 6974 7561 7469 certain situati\n+0005e050: 6f6e 7320 636f 756c 640a 6265 2075 7365 ons could.be use\n+0005e060: 6420 7769 7468 6f75 7420 6265 696e 6720 d without being \n+0005e070: 7365 7475 6964 2c20 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 setuid, should b\n+0005e080: 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 7365 7475 e installed setu\n+0005e090: 6964 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 982e 6465 id in the ....de\n+0005e0a0: 62e2 8099 2e0a 5468 656e 2074 6865 206c b.....Then the l\n+0005e0b0: 6f63 616c 2073 7973 7465 6d20 6164 6d69 ocal system admi\n+0005e0c0: 6e69 7374 7261 746f 7220 6361 6e20 6368 nistrator can ch\n+0005e0d0: 616e 6765 2074 6869 7320 6966 2074 6865 ange this if the\n+0005e0e0: 7920 7769 7368 2e20 2049 660a 7468 6572 y wish. If.ther\n+0005e0f0: 6520 6172 6520 7477 6f20 7374 616e 6461 e are two standa\n+0005e100: 7264 2077 6179 7320 6f66 2064 6f69 6e67 rd ways of doing\n+0005e110: 2069 742c 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 it, the package\n+0005e120: 206d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 6361 6e20 maintainer can \n+0005e130: 7573 650a e280 9864 6562 636f 6e66 e280 use....debconf..\n+0005e140: 9920 746f 2066 696e 6420 6f75 7420 7468 . to find out th\n+0005e150: 6520 7072 6566 6572 656e 6365 2c20 616e e preference, an\n+0005e160: 6420 6361 6c6c 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d73 d call ...dpkg-s\n+0005e170: 7461 746f 7665 7272 6964 65e2 8099 2069 tatoverride... i\n+0005e180: 6e0a 7468 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 n.the maintainer\n+0005e190: 2073 6372 6970 7420 6966 206e 6563 6573 script if neces\n+0005e1a0: 7361 7279 2074 6f20 6163 636f 6d6d 6f64 sary to accommod\n+0005e1b0: 6174 6520 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 0a61 ate the system.a\n+0005e1c0: 646d 696e 6973 7472 6174 6f72 e280 9973 dministrator...s\n+0005e1d0: 2063 686f 6963 652e 2020 4361 7265 206d choice. Care m\n+0005e1e0: 7573 7420 6265 2074 616b 656e 2064 7572 ust be taken dur\n+0005e1f0: 696e 6720 7570 6772 6164 6573 2074 6f20 ing upgrades to \n+0005e200: 6e6f 740a 6f76 6572 7269 6465 2061 6e20 not.override an \n+0005e210: 6578 6973 7469 6e67 2073 6574 7469 6e67 existing setting\n+0005e220: 2e0a 0a47 6976 656e 2074 6865 2061 626f ...Given the abo\n+0005e230: 7665 2c20 e280 9864 706b 672d 7374 6174 ve, ...dpkg-stat\n+0005e240: 6f76 6572 7269 6465 e280 9920 6973 2065 override... is e\n+0005e250: 7373 656e 7469 616c 6c79 2061 2074 6f6f ssentially a too\n+0005e260: 6c20 666f 7220 7379 7374 656d 0a61 646d l for system.adm\n+0005e270: 696e 6973 7472 6174 6f72 7320 616e 6420 inistrators and \n+0005e280: 776f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 6e6f 726d 616c would not normal\n+0005e290: 6c79 2062 6520 6e65 6564 6564 2069 6e20 ly be needed in \n+0005e2a0: 7468 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 0a73 the maintainer.s\n+0005e2b0: 6372 6970 7473 2e20 2054 6865 7265 2069 cripts. There i\n+0005e2c0: 7320 6f6e 6520 7479 7065 206f 6620 7369 s one type of si\n+0005e2d0: 7475 6174 696f 6e2c 2074 686f 7567 682c tuation, though,\n+0005e2e0: 2077 6865 7265 2063 616c 6c73 2074 6f0a where calls to.\n+0005e2f0: e280 9864 706b 672d 7374 6174 6f76 6572 ...dpkg-statover\n+0005e300: 7269 6465 e280 9920 776f 756c 6420 6265 ride... would be\n+0005e310: 206e 6565 6465 6420 696e 2074 6865 206d needed in the m\n+0005e320: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 aintainer script\n+0005e330: 732c 2061 6e64 2074 6861 740a 696e 766f s, and that.invo\n+0005e340: 6c76 6573 2070 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7768 lves packages wh\n+0005e350: 6963 6820 7573 6520 6479 6e61 6d69 6361 ich use dynamica\n+0005e360: 6c6c 7920 616c 6c6f 6361 7465 6420 7573 lly allocated us\n+0005e370: 6572 206f 7220 6772 6f75 7020 6964 732e er or group ids.\n+0005e380: 2020 496e 0a73 7563 6820 6120 7369 7475 In.such a situ\n+0005e390: 6174 696f 6e2c 2073 6f6d 6574 6869 6e67 ation, something\n+0005e3a0: 206c 696b 6520 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2120 6470 6b67 2d73 7461 746f 7665 f ! dpkg-statove\n+0005e4a0: 7272 6964 6520 2d2d 6c69 7374 2024 6920 rride --list $i \n+0005e4b0: 3e2f 6465 762f 6e75 6c6c 2032 3e26 313b >/dev/null 2>&1;\n+0005e4c0: 2074 6865 6e0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 then. \n+0005e4d0: 2020 2023 696e 636c 7564 653a 2064 6562 #include: deb\n+0005e4e0: 636f 6e66 2070 726f 6365 7373 696e 672c conf processing,\n+0005e4f0: 2071 7565 7374 696f 6e20 6162 6f75 7420 question about \n+0005e500: 666f 6f20 616e 6420 6261 720a 2020 2020 foo and bar. \n+0005e510: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2069 6620 5b20 2224 if [ \"$\n+0005e520: 5245 5422 203d 2022 7472 7565 2220 5d20 RET\" = \"true\" ] \n+0005e530: 3b20 7468 656e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ; then. \n+0005e540: 2020 2020 2020 2020 6470 6b67 2d73 7461 dpkg-sta\n+0005e550: 746f 7665 7272 6964 6520 2d2d 7570 6461 toverride --upda\n+0005e560: 7465 202d 2d61 6464 2073 7973 7573 6572 te --add sysuser\n+0005e570: 2072 6f6f 7420 3437 3535 2024 690a 2020 root 4755 $i. \n+0005e580: 2020 2020 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The libc and\n+0005f110: 2041 4249 2070 6f72 7469 6f6e 2069 7320 ABI portion is \n+0005f120: 6861 6e64 6c65 640a 696e 7465 726e 616c handled.internal\n+0005f130: 6c79 2062 7920 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 ly by the packag\n+0005f140: 6520 7379 7374 656d 2062 6173 6564 206f e system based o\n+0005f150: 6e20 7468 6520 6f73 2061 6e64 2063 7075 n the os and cpu\n+0005f160: 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 .....File: debia\n+0005f170: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 n-policy.info, \n+0005f180: 4e6f 6465 3a20 4461 656d 6f6e 732c 2020 Node: Daemons, \n+0005f190: 4e65 7874 3a20 5573 696e 6720 7073 6575 Next: Using pseu\n+0005f1a0: 646f 2d74 7479 7320 616e 6420 6d6f 6469 do-ttys and modi\n+0005f1b0: 6679 696e 6720 7774 6d70 2075 746d 7020 fying wtmp utmp \n+0005f1c0: 616e 6420 6c61 7374 6c6f 672c 2020 5072 and lastlog, Pr\n+0005f1d0: 6576 3a20 4172 6368 6974 6563 7475 7265 ev: Architecture\n+0005f1e0: 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e 2073 specification s\n+0005f1f0: 7472 696e 6773 2c20 2055 703a 2043 7573 trings, Up: Cus\n+0005f200: 746f 6d69 7a65 6420 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 tomized programs\n+0005f210: 0a0a 3131 2e32 2044 6165 6d6f 6e73 0a3d ..11.2 Daemons.=\n+0005f220: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6865 ===========..The\n+0005f230: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 configuration f\n+0005f240: 696c 6573 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f73 6572 iles .../etc/ser\n+0005f250: 7669 6365 73e2 8099 2c20 e280 982f 6574 vices..., .../et\n+0005f260: 632f 7072 6f74 6f63 6f6c 73e2 8099 2c20 c/protocols..., \n+0005f270: 616e 640a e280 982f 6574 632f 7270 63e2 and..../etc/rpc.\n+0005f280: 8099 2061 7265 206d 616e 6167 6564 2062 .. are managed b\n+0005f290: 7920 7468 6520 e280 986e 6574 6261 7365 y the ...netbase\n+0005f2a0: e280 9920 7061 636b 6167 6520 616e 6420 ... package and \n+0005f2b0: 6d75 7374 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6d6f 6469 must not be modi\n+0005f2c0: 6669 6564 0a62 7920 6f74 6865 7220 7061 fied.by other pa\n+0005f2d0: 636b 6167 6573 2e0a 0a49 6620 6120 7061 ckages...If a pa\n+0005f2e0: 636b 6167 6520 7265 7175 6972 6573 2061 ckage requires a\n+0005f2f0: 206e 6577 2065 6e74 7279 2069 6e20 6f6e new entry in on\n+0005f300: 6520 6f66 2074 6865 7365 2066 696c 6573 e of these files\n+0005f310: 2c20 7468 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 , the maintainer\n+0005f320: 0a73 686f 756c 6420 6765 7420 696e 2063 .should get in c\n+0005f330: 6f6e 7461 6374 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 ontact with the \n+0005f340: e280 986e 6574 6261 7365 e280 9920 6d61 ...netbase... ma\n+0005f350: 696e 7461 696e 6572 2c20 7768 6f20 7769 intainer, who wi\n+0005f360: 6c6c 2061 6464 2074 6865 0a65 6e74 7269 ll add the.entri\n+0005f370: 6573 2061 6e64 2072 656c 6561 7365 2061 es and release a\n+0005f380: 206e 6577 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6620 new version of \n+0005f390: 7468 6520 e280 986e 6574 6261 7365 e280 the ...netbase..\n+0005f3a0: 9920 7061 636b 6167 652e 0a0a 5468 6520 . package...The \n+0005f3b0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n+0005f3c0: 6c65 20e2 8098 2f65 7463 2f69 6e65 7464 le .../etc/inetd\n+0005f3d0: 2e63 6f6e 66e2 8099 206d 7573 7420 6e6f .conf... must no\n+0005f3e0: 7420 6265 206d 6f64 6966 6965 6420 6279 t be modified by\n+0005f3f0: 2074 6865 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 e280 9973 the.package...s\n+0005f400: 2073 6372 6970 7473 2065 7863 6570 7420 scripts except \n+0005f410: 7669 6120 7468 6520 e280 9875 7064 6174 via the ...updat\n+0005f420: 652d 696e 6574 64e2 8099 2073 6372 6970 e-inetd... scrip\n+0005f430: 7420 6f72 2074 6865 0ae2 8098 4465 6269 t or the....Debi\n+0005f440: 616e 4e65 742e 706d e280 9920 5065 726c anNet.pm... Perl\n+0005f450: 206d 6f64 756c 652e 2020 5365 6520 7468 module. See th\n+0005f460: 6569 7220 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f eir documentatio\n+0005f470: 6e20 666f 7220 6465 7461 696c 7320 6f6e n for details on\n+0005f480: 2068 6f77 0a74 6f20 6164 6420 656e 7472 how.to add entr\n+0005f490: 6965 732e 0a0a 4966 2061 2070 6163 6b61 ies...If a packa\n+0005f4a0: 6765 2077 616e 7473 2074 6f20 696e 7374 ge wants to inst\n+0005f4b0: 616c 6c20 616e 2065 7861 6d70 6c65 2065 all an example e\n+0005f4c0: 6e74 7279 2069 6e74 6f20 e280 982f 6574 ntry into .../et\n+0005f4d0: 632f 696e 6574 642e 636f 6e66 e280 992c c/inetd.conf...,\n+0005f4e0: 0a74 6865 2065 6e74 7279 206d 7573 7420 .the entry must \n+0005f4f0: 6265 2070 7265 6365 6465 6420 7769 7468 be preceded with\n+0005f500: 2065 7861 6374 6c79 206f 6e65 2068 6173 exactly one has\n+0005f510: 6820 6368 6172 6163 7465 7220 28e2 8098 h character (...\n+0005f520: 23e2 8099 292e 2020 5375 6368 0a6c 696e #...). Such.lin\n+0005f530: 6573 2061 7265 2074 7265 6174 6564 2061 es are treated a\n+0005f540: 7320 e280 9c63 6f6d 6d65 6e74 6564 206f s ...commented o\n+0005f550: 7574 2062 7920 7573 6572 e280 9d20 6279 ut by user... by\n+0005f560: 2074 6865 20e2 8098 7570 6461 7465 2d69 the ...update-i\n+0005f570: 6e65 7464 e280 990a 7363 7269 7074 2061 netd....script a\n+0005f580: 6e64 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2063 6861 6e67 nd are not chang\n+0005f590: 6564 206f 7220 6163 7469 7661 7465 6420 ed or activated \n+0005f5a0: 6475 7269 6e67 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2075 during package u\n+0005f5b0: 7064 6174 6573 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a pdates.....File:\n+0005f5c0: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n+0005f5d0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5573 696e nfo, Node: Usin\n+0005f5e0: 6720 7073 6575 646f 2d74 7479 7320 616e g pseudo-ttys an\n+0005f5f0: 6420 6d6f 6469 6679 696e 6720 7774 6d70 d modifying wtmp\n+0005f600: 2075 746d 7020 616e 6420 6c61 7374 6c6f utmp and lastlo\n+0005f610: 672c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4564 6974 6f72 g, Next: Editor\n+0005f620: 7320 616e 6420 7061 6765 7273 2c20 2050 s and pagers, P\n+0005f630: 7265 763a 2044 6165 6d6f 6e73 2c20 2055 rev: Daemons, U\n+0005f640: 703a 2043 7573 746f 6d69 7a65 6420 7072 p: Customized pr\n+0005f650: 6f67 7261 6d73 0a0a 3131 2e33 2055 7369 ograms..11.3 Usi\n+0005f660: 6e67 2070 7365 7564 6f2d 7474 7973 2061 ng pseudo-ttys a\n+0005f670: 6e64 206d 6f64 6966 7969 6e67 2077 746d nd modifying wtm\n+0005f680: 702c 2075 746d 7020 616e 6420 6c61 7374 p, utmp and last\n+0005f690: 6c6f 670a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d log.============\n+0005f6a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0005f6b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+0005f6c0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n+0005f6d0: 0a53 6f6d 6520 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 206e .Some programs n\n+0005f6e0: 6565 6420 746f 2063 7265 6174 6520 7073 eed to create ps\n+0005f6f0: 6575 646f 2d74 7479 732e 2020 5468 6973 eudo-ttys. This\n+0005f700: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2064 6f6e 6520 should be done \n+0005f710: 7573 696e 670a 556e 6978 3938 2070 7479 using.Unix98 pty\n+0005f720: 7320 6966 2074 6865 2043 206c 6962 7261 s if the C libra\n+0005f730: 7279 2073 7570 706f 7274 7320 6974 2e20 ry supports it. \n+0005f740: 2054 6865 2072 6573 756c 7469 6e67 2070 The resulting p\n+0005f750: 726f 6772 616d 206d 7573 740a 6e6f 7420 rogram must.not \n+0005f760: 6265 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 6564 2073 6574 be installed set\n+0005f770: 7569 6420 726f 6f74 2c20 756e 6c65 7373 uid root, unless\n+0005f780: 2074 6861 7420 6973 2072 6571 7569 7265 that is require\n+0005f790: 6420 666f 7220 6f74 6865 720a 6675 6e63 d for other.func\n+0005f7a0: 7469 6f6e 616c 6974 792e 0a0a 5468 6520 tionality...The \n+0005f7b0: 6669 6c65 7320 e280 982f 7661 722f 7275 files .../var/ru\n+0005f7c0: 6e2f 7574 6d70 e280 992c 20e2 8098 2f76 n/utmp..., .../v\n+0005f7d0: 6172 2f6c 6f67 2f77 746d 70e2 8099 2061 ar/log/wtmp... a\n+0005f7e0: 6e64 20e2 8098 2f76 6172 2f6c 6f67 2f6c nd .../var/log/l\n+0005f7f0: 6173 746c 6f67 e280 9920 6d75 7374 0a62 astlog... must.b\n+0005f800: 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 6420 7772 6974 e installed writ\n+0005f810: 6162 6c65 2062 7920 6772 6f75 7020 e280 able by group ..\n+0005f820: 9875 746d 70e2 8099 2e20 2050 726f 6772 .utmp.... Progr\n+0005f830: 616d 7320 7768 6963 6820 6e65 6564 2074 ams which need t\n+0005f840: 6f20 6d6f 6469 6679 0a74 686f 7365 2066 o modify.those f\n+0005f850: 696c 6573 206d 7573 7420 6265 2069 6e73 iles must be ins\n+0005f860: 7461 6c6c 6564 2073 6574 6769 6420 e280 talled setgid ..\n+0005f870: 9875 746d 70e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c .utmp........Fil\n+0005f880: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n+0005f890: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4564 .info, Node: Ed\n+0005f8a0: 6974 6f72 7320 616e 6420 7061 6765 7273 itors and pagers\n+0005f8b0: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2057 6562 2073 6572 , Next: Web ser\n+0005f8c0: 7665 7273 2061 6e64 2061 7070 6c69 6361 vers and applica\n+0005f8d0: 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5573 tions, Prev: Us\n+0005f8e0: 696e 6720 7073 6575 646f 2d74 7479 7320 ing pseudo-ttys \n+0005f8f0: 616e 6420 6d6f 6469 6679 696e 6720 7774 and modifying wt\n+0005f900: 6d70 2075 746d 7020 616e 6420 6c61 7374 mp utmp and last\n+0005f910: 6c6f 672c 2020 5570 3a20 4375 7374 6f6d log, Up: Custom\n+0005f920: 697a 6564 2070 726f 6772 616d 730a 0a31 ized programs..1\n+0005f930: 312e 3420 4564 6974 6f72 7320 616e 6420 1.4 Editors and \n+0005f940: 7061 6765 7273 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d pagers.=========\n+0005f950: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n+0005f960: 536f 6d65 2070 726f 6772 616d 7320 6861 Some programs ha\n+0005f970: 7665 2074 6865 2061 6269 6c69 7479 2074 ve the ability t\n+0005f980: 6f20 6c61 756e 6368 2061 6e20 6564 6974 o launch an edit\n+0005f990: 6f72 206f 7220 7061 6765 7220 7072 6f67 or or pager prog\n+0005f9a0: 7261 6d20 746f 0a65 6469 7420 6f72 2064 ram to.edit or d\n+0005f9b0: 6973 706c 6179 2061 2074 6578 7420 646f isplay a text do\n+0005f9c0: 6375 6d65 6e74 2e20 2053 696e 6365 2074 cument. Since t\n+0005f9d0: 6865 7265 2061 7265 206c 6f74 7320 6f66 here are lots of\n+0005f9e0: 2064 6966 6665 7265 6e74 0a65 6469 746f different.edito\n+0005f9f0: 7273 2061 6e64 2070 6167 6572 7320 6176 rs and pagers av\n+0005fa00: 6169 6c61 626c 6520 696e 2074 6865 2044 ailable in the D\n+0005fa10: 6562 6961 6e20 6469 7374 7269 6275 7469 ebian distributi\n+0005fa20: 6f6e 2c20 7468 6520 7379 7374 656d 0a61 on, the system.a\n+0005fa30: 646d 696e 6973 7472 6174 6f72 2061 6e64 dministrator and\n+0005fa40: 2065 6163 6820 7573 6572 2073 686f 756c each user shoul\n+0005fa50: 6420 6861 7665 2074 6865 2070 6f73 7369 d have the possi\n+0005fa60: 6269 6c69 7479 2074 6f20 6368 6f6f 7365 bility to choose\n+0005fa70: 2074 6865 6972 0a70 7265 6665 7272 6564 their.preferred\n+0005fa80: 2065 6469 746f 7220 616e 6420 7061 6765 editor and page\n+0005fa90: 722e 0a0a 496e 2061 6464 6974 696f 6e2c r...In addition,\n+0005faa0: 2065 7665 7279 2070 726f 6772 616d 2073 every program s\n+0005fab0: 686f 756c 6420 6368 6f6f 7365 2061 2067 hould choose a g\n+0005fac0: 6f6f 6420 6465 6661 756c 7420 6564 6974 ood default edit\n+0005fad0: 6f72 2f70 6167 6572 2069 660a 6e6f 6e65 or/pager if.none\n+0005fae0: 2069 7320 7365 6c65 6374 6564 2062 7920 is selected by \n+0005faf0: 7468 6520 7573 6572 206f 7220 7379 7374 the user or syst\n+0005fb00: 656d 2061 646d 696e 6973 7472 6174 6f72 em administrator\n+0005fb10: 2e0a 0a54 6875 732c 2065 7665 7279 2070 ...Thus, every p\n+0005fb20: 726f 6772 616d 2074 6861 7420 6c61 756e rogram that laun\n+0005fb30: 6368 6573 2061 6e20 6564 6974 6f72 206f ches an editor o\n+0005fb40: 7220 7061 6765 7220 6d75 7374 2075 7365 r pager must use\n+0005fb50: 2074 6865 2045 4449 544f 520a 6f72 2050 the EDITOR.or P\n+0005fb60: 4147 4552 2065 6e76 6972 6f6e 6d65 6e74 AGER environment\n+0005fb70: 2076 6172 6961 626c 6520 746f 2064 6574 variable to det\n+0005fb80: 6572 6d69 6e65 2074 6865 2065 6469 746f ermine the edito\n+0005fb90: 7220 6f72 2070 6167 6572 2074 6865 2075 r or pager the u\n+0005fba0: 7365 720a 7769 7368 6573 2074 6f20 7573 ser.wishes to us\n+0005fbb0: 652e 2020 4966 2074 6865 7365 2076 6172 e. If these var\n+0005fbc0: 6961 626c 6573 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2073 iables are not s\n+0005fbd0: 6574 2c20 7468 6520 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 et, the programs\n+0005fbe0: 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f62 696e 2f65 6469 ..../usr/bin/edi\n+0005fbf0: 746f 72e2 8099 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 2f75 tor... and .../u\n+0005fc00: 7372 2f62 696e 2f70 6167 6572 e280 9920 sr/bin/pager... \n+0005fc10: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 7573 6564 2c20 should be used, \n+0005fc20: 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 2e0a 5468 respectively..Th\n+0005fc30: 6573 6520 636f 6d6d 616e 6473 206d 6179 ese commands may\n+0005fc40: 2062 6520 696e 766f 6b65 6420 6578 706c be invoked expl\n+0005fc50: 6963 6974 6c79 2028 652e 672e 2c20 6173 icitly (e.g., as\n+0005fc60: 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f62 696e 2f65 6469 .../usr/bin/edi\n+0005fc70: 746f 72e2 8099 2920 6f72 0a76 6961 2061 tor...) or.via a\n+0005fc80: 2050 4154 4820 7365 6172 6368 2028 652e PATH search (e.\n+0005fc90: 672e 2c20 6173 20e2 8098 6564 6974 6f72 g., as ...editor\n+0005fca0: e280 9929 2e0a 0a54 6865 7365 2074 776f ...)...These two\n+0005fcb0: 2066 696c 6573 2061 7265 206d 616e 6167 files are manag\n+0005fcc0: 6564 2074 6872 6f75 6768 2074 6865 20e2 ed through the .\n+0005fcd0: 8098 6470 6b67 e280 9920 e280 9c61 6c74 ..dpkg... ...alt\n+0005fce0: 6572 6e61 7469 7665 73e2 809d 206d 6563 ernatives... mec\n+0005fcf0: 6861 6e69 736d 2e0a 4576 6572 7920 7061 hanism..Every pa\n+0005fd00: 636b 6167 6520 7072 6f76 6964 696e 6720 ckage providing \n+0005fd10: 616e 2065 6469 746f 7220 6f72 2070 6167 an editor or pag\n+0005fd20: 6572 206d 7573 7420 6361 6c6c 2074 6865 er must call the\n+0005fd30: 0ae2 8098 7570 6461 7465 2d61 6c74 6572 ....update-alter\n+0005fd40: 6e61 7469 7665 73e2 8099 2073 6372 6970 natives... scrip\n+0005fd50: 7420 746f 2072 6567 6973 7465 7220 6173 t to register as\n+0005fd60: 2061 6e20 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 6520 an alternative \n+0005fd70: 666f 720a e280 982f 7573 722f 6269 6e2f for..../usr/bin/\n+0005fd80: 6564 6974 6f72 e280 9920 6f72 20e2 8098 editor... or ...\n+0005fd90: 2f75 7372 2f62 696e 2f70 6167 6572 e280 /usr/bin/pager..\n+0005fda0: 9920 6173 2061 7070 726f 7072 6961 7465 . as appropriate\n+0005fdb0: 2e20 2054 6865 2061 6c74 6572 6e61 7469 . 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These \n+0005ff50: 6172 6520 7477 6f20 7363 7269 7074 7320 are two scripts \n+0005ff60: 7072 6f76 6964 6564 2069 6e20 7468 650a provided in the.\n+0005ff70: 7365 6e73 6962 6c65 2d75 7469 6c73 2070 sensible-utils p\n+0005ff80: 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6861 7420 6368 6563 ackage that chec\n+0005ff90: 6b20 7468 6520 4544 4954 4f52 2061 6e64 k the EDITOR and\n+0005ffa0: 2050 4147 4552 2076 6172 6961 626c 6573 PAGER variables\n+0005ffb0: 2061 6e64 0a6c 6175 6e63 6820 7468 6520 and.launch the \n+0005ffc0: 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 7072 6f67 appropriate prog\n+0005ffd0: 7261 6d2c 2061 6e64 2066 616c 6c20 6261 ram, and fall ba\n+0005ffe0: 636b 2074 6f20 e280 982f 7573 722f 6269 ck to .../usr/bi\n+0005fff0: 6e2f 6564 6974 6f72 e280 9920 616e 640a n/editor... and.\n+00060000: e280 982f 7573 722f 6269 6e2f 7061 6765 .../usr/bin/page\n+00060010: 72e2 8099 2069 6620 7468 6520 7661 7269 r... if the vari\n+00060020: 6162 6c65 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 7365 742e able is not set.\n+00060030: 0a0a 4120 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 6d61 7920 ..A program may \n+00060040: 616c 736f 2075 7365 2074 6865 2056 4953 also use the VIS\n+00060050: 5541 4c20 656e 7669 726f 6e6d 656e 7420 UAL environment \n+00060060: 7661 7269 6162 6c65 2074 6f20 6465 7465 variable to dete\n+00060070: 726d 696e 6520 7468 650a 7573 6572 e280 rmine the.user..\n+00060080: 9973 2063 686f 6963 6520 6f66 2065 6469 .s choice of edi\n+00060090: 746f 722e 2020 4966 2069 7420 6578 6973 tor. If it exis\n+000600a0: 7473 2c20 6974 2073 686f 756c 6420 7461 ts, it should ta\n+000600b0: 6b65 2070 7265 6365 6465 6e63 6520 6f76 ke precedence ov\n+000600c0: 6572 0a45 4449 544f 522e 2054 6869 7320 er.EDITOR. This \n+000600d0: 6973 2069 6e20 6661 6374 2077 6861 7420 is in fact what \n+000600e0: e280 982f 7573 722f 6269 6e2f 7365 6e73 .../usr/bin/sens\n+000600f0: 6962 6c65 2d65 6469 746f 72e2 8099 2064 ible-editor... d\n+00060100: 6f65 732e 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 6e6f 7420 oes...It is not \n+00060110: 7265 7175 6972 6564 2066 6f72 2061 2070 required for a p\n+00060120: 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6f20 6465 7065 6e64 ackage to depend\n+00060130: 206f 6e20 e280 9865 6469 746f 72e2 8099 on ...editor...\n+00060140: 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 7061 6765 72e2 8099 and ...pager...\n+00060150: 2c20 6e6f 720a 6973 2069 7420 7265 7175 , nor.is it requ\n+00060160: 6972 6564 2066 6f72 2061 2070 6163 6b61 ired for a packa\n+00060170: 6765 2074 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6520 7375 ge to provide su\n+00060180: 6368 2076 6972 7475 616c 2070 6163 6b61 ch virtual packa\n+00060190: 6765 732e 2020 2831 290a 0a20 2020 2d2d ges. (1).. --\n+000601a0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 -------- Footnot\n+000601b0: 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 es ----------.. \n+000601c0: 2020 2831 2920 5468 6520 4465 6269 616e (1) The Debian\n+000601d0: 2062 6173 6520 7379 7374 656d 2061 6c72 base system alr\n+000601e0: 6561 6479 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 616e eady provides an\n+000601f0: 2065 6469 746f 7220 616e 6420 6120 7061 editor and a pa\n+00060200: 6765 720a 7072 6f67 7261 6d2e 0a0a 1f0a ger.program.....\n+00060210: 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c File: debian-pol\n+00060220: 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a icy.info, Node:\n+00060230: 2057 6562 2073 6572 7665 7273 2061 6e64 Web servers and\n+00060240: 2061 7070 6c69 6361 7469 6f6e 732c 2020 applications, \n+00060250: 4e65 7874 3a20 4d61 696c 2074 7261 6e73 Next: Mail trans\n+00060260: 706f 7274 2064 656c 6976 6572 7920 616e port delivery an\n+00060270: 6420 7573 6572 2061 6765 6e74 732c 2020 d user agents, \n+00060280: 5072 6576 3a20 4564 6974 6f72 7320 616e Prev: Editors an\n+00060290: 6420 7061 6765 7273 2c20 2055 703a 2043 d pagers, Up: C\n+000602a0: 7573 746f 6d69 7a65 6420 7072 6f67 7261 ustomized progra\n+000602b0: 6d73 0a0a 3131 2e35 2057 6562 2073 6572 ms..11.5 Web ser\n+000602c0: 7665 7273 2061 6e64 2061 7070 6c69 6361 vers and applica\n+000602d0: 7469 6f6e 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d tions.==========\n+000602e0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000602f0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6869 7320 7365 =======..This se\n+00060300: 6374 696f 6e20 6465 7363 7269 6265 7320 ction describes \n+00060310: 7468 6520 6c6f 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 616e the locations an\n+00060320: 6420 5552 4c73 2074 6861 7420 7368 6f75 d URLs that shou\n+00060330: 6c64 2062 6520 7573 6564 2062 7920 616c ld be used by al\n+00060340: 6c0a 7765 6220 7365 7276 6572 7320 616e l.web servers an\n+00060350: 6420 7765 6220 6170 706c 6963 6174 696f d web applicatio\n+00060360: 6e73 2069 6e20 7468 6520 4465 6269 616e ns in the Debian\n+00060370: 2073 7973 7465 6d2e 0a0a 2020 312e 2043 system... 1. 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All web\n+00060800: 2061 7070 6c69 6361 7469 6f6e 7320 7768 applications wh\n+00060810: 6963 6820 646f 206e 6f74 2063 6f6e 7461 ich do not conta\n+00060820: 696e 2043 4749 2073 6372 6970 7473 2073 in CGI scripts s\n+00060830: 686f 756c 6420 6465 7065 6e64 0a20 2020 hould depend. \n+00060840: 2020 6f6e 20e2 8098 6874 7470 64e2 8099 on ...httpd...\n+00060850: 2c20 616c 6c20 7468 6f73 6520 7765 6220 , all those web \n+00060860: 6170 706c 6963 6174 696f 6e73 2077 6869 applications whi\n+00060870: 6368 20e2 8098 646f e280 9920 636f 6e74 ch ...do... cont\n+00060880: 6169 6e20 4347 490a 2020 2020 2073 6372 ain CGI. scr\n+00060890: 6970 7473 2c20 7368 6f75 6c64 2064 6570 ipts, should dep\n+000608a0: 656e 6420 6f6e 20e2 8098 6874 7470 642d end on ...httpd-\n+000608b0: 6367 69e2 8099 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a cgi........File:\n+000608c0: 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 debian-policy.i\n+000608d0: 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d61 696c nfo, Node: Mail\n+000608e0: 2074 7261 6e73 706f 7274 2064 656c 6976 transport deliv\n+000608f0: 6572 7920 616e 6420 7573 6572 2061 6765 ery and user age\n+00060900: 6e74 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4e65 7773 nts, Next: News\n+00060910: 2073 7973 7465 6d20 636f 6e66 6967 7572 system configur\n+00060920: 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5765 ation, Prev: We\n+00060930: 6220 7365 7276 6572 7320 616e 6420 6170 b servers and ap\n+00060940: 706c 6963 6174 696f 6e73 2c20 2055 703a plications, Up:\n+00060950: 2043 7573 746f 6d69 7a65 6420 7072 6f67 Customized prog\n+00060960: 7261 6d73 0a0a 3131 2e36 204d 6169 6c20 rams..11.6 Mail \n+00060970: 7472 616e 7370 6f72 742c 2064 656c 6976 transport, deliv\n+00060980: 6572 7920 616e 6420 7573 6572 2061 6765 ery and user age\n+00060990: 6e74 730a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d nts.============\n+000609a0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000609b0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+000609c0: 3d0a 0a44 6562 6961 6e20 7061 636b 6167 =..Debian packag\n+000609d0: 6573 2077 6869 6368 2070 726f 6365 7373 es which process\n+000609e0: 2065 6c65 6374 726f 6e69 6320 6d61 696c electronic mail\n+000609f0: 2c20 7768 6574 6865 7220 6d61 696c 2075 , whether mail u\n+00060a00: 7365 7220 6167 656e 7473 0a28 4d55 4173 ser agents.(MUAs\n+00060a10: 2920 6f72 206d 6169 6c20 7472 616e 7370 ) or mail transp\n+00060a20: 6f72 7420 6167 656e 7473 2028 4d54 4173 ort agents (MTAs\n+00060a30: 292c 206d 7573 7420 656e 7375 7265 2074 ), must ensure t\n+00060a40: 6861 7420 7468 6579 2061 7265 0a63 6f6d hat they are.com\n+00060a50: 7061 7469 626c 6520 7769 7468 2074 6865 patible with the\n+00060a60: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2064 configuration d\n+00060a70: 6563 6973 696f 6e73 2062 656c 6f77 2e20 ecisions below. \n+00060a80: 2046 6169 6c75 7265 2074 6f20 646f 2074 Failure to do t\n+00060a90: 6869 730a 6d61 7920 7265 7375 6c74 2069 his.may result i\n+00060aa0: 6e20 6c6f 7374 206d 6169 6c2c 2062 726f n lost mail, bro\n+00060ab0: 6b65 6e20 e280 9846 726f 6d3a e280 9920 ken ...From:... \n+00060ac0: 6c69 6e65 732c 2061 6e64 206f 7468 6572 lines, and other\n+00060ad0: 2073 6572 696f 7573 2062 7261 696e 0a64 serious brain.d\n+00060ae0: 616d 6167 6521 0a0a 5468 6520 6d61 696c amage!..The mail\n+00060af0: 2073 706f 6f6c 2069 7320 e280 982f 7661 spool is .../va\n+00060b00: 722f 6d61 696c e280 9920 616e 6420 7468 r/mail... and th\n+00060b10: 6520 696e 7465 7266 6163 6520 746f 2073 e interface to s\n+00060b20: 656e 6420 6120 6d61 696c 206d 6573 7361 end a mail messa\n+00060b30: 6765 0a69 7320 e280 982f 7573 722f 7362 ge.is .../usr/sb\n+00060b40: 696e 2f73 656e 646d 6169 6ce2 8099 2028 in/sendmail... (\n+00060b50: 6173 2070 6572 2074 6865 2046 4853 292e as per the FHS).\n+00060b60: 204f 6e20 6f6c 6465 7220 7379 7374 656d On older system\n+00060b70: 732c 2074 6865 206d 6169 6c0a 7370 6f6f s, the mail.spoo\n+00060b80: 6c20 6d61 7920 6265 2070 6879 7369 6361 l may be physica\n+00060b90: 6c6c 7920 6c6f 6361 7465 6420 696e 20e2 lly located in .\n+00060ba0: 8098 2f76 6172 2f73 706f 6f6c 2f6d 6169 ../var/spool/mai\n+00060bb0: 6ce2 8099 2c20 6275 7420 616c 6c20 6163 l..., but all ac\n+00060bc0: 6365 7373 2074 6f0a 7468 6520 6d61 696c cess to.the mail\n+00060bd0: 2073 706f 6f6c 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 spool should be\n+00060be0: 2076 6961 2074 6865 20e2 8098 2f76 6172 via the .../var\n+00060bf0: 2f6d 6169 6ce2 8099 2073 796d 6c69 6e6b /mail... symlink\n+00060c00: 2e20 2054 6865 206d 6169 6c20 7370 6f6f . 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To a\n+00060d20: 766f 6964 0a64 6561 646c 6f63 6b73 2c20 void.deadlocks, \n+00060d30: 6120 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 7368 6f75 6c64 a program should\n+00060d40: 2075 7365 20e2 8098 6663 6e74 6c28 29e2 use ...fcntl().\n+00060d50: 8099 2066 6972 7374 2061 6e64 2064 6f74 .. first and dot\n+00060d60: 206c 6f63 6b69 6e67 2061 6674 6572 0a74 locking after.t\n+00060d70: 6869 732c 206f 7220 616c 7465 726e 6174 his, or alternat\n+00060d80: 6976 656c 7920 696d 706c 656d 656e 7420 ively implement \n+00060d90: 7468 6520 7477 6f20 6c6f 636b 696e 6720 the two locking \n+00060da0: 6d65 7468 6f64 7320 696e 2061 206e 6f6e methods in a non\n+00060db0: 0a62 6c6f 636b 696e 6720 7761 792e 2020 .blocking way. \n+00060dc0: 2831 2920 2055 7369 6e67 2074 6865 2066 (1) Using the f\n+00060dd0: 756e 6374 696f 6e73 20e2 8098 6d61 696c unctions ...mail\n+00060de0: 6c6f 636b e280 9920 616e 6420 e280 986d lock... and ...m\n+00060df0: 6169 6c75 6e6c 6f63 6be2 8099 0a70 726f ailunlock....pro\n+00060e00: 7669 6465 6420 6279 2074 6865 20e2 8098 vided by the ...\n+00060e10: 6c69 626c 6f63 6b66 696c 652a e280 9920 liblockfile*... \n+00060e20: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2069 7320 7468 6520 packages is the \n+00060e30: 7265 636f 6d6d 656e 6465 6420 7761 7920 recommended way \n+00060e40: 746f 0a61 6363 6f6d 706c 6973 6820 7468 to.accomplish th\n+00060e50: 6973 2e0a 0a4d 6169 6c62 6f78 6573 2061 is...Mailboxes a\n+00060e60: 7265 2067 656e 6572 616c 6c79 2065 6974 re generally eit\n+00060e70: 6865 7220 6d6f 6465 2036 3030 2061 6e64 her mode 600 and\n+00060e80: 206f 776e 6564 2062 7920 7573 6572 206f owned by user o\n+00060e90: 7220 6d6f 6465 2036 3630 0a61 6e64 206f r mode 660.and o\n+00060ea0: 776e 6564 2062 7920 e280 9875 7365 723a wned by ...user:\n+00060eb0: 6d61 696c e280 992e 2020 2832 2920 2054 mail.... (2) T\n+00060ec0: 6865 206c 6f63 616c 2073 7973 7465 6d20 he local system \n+00060ed0: 6164 6d69 6e69 7374 7261 746f 7220 6d61 administrator ma\n+00060ee0: 790a 6368 6f6f 7365 2061 2064 6966 6665 y.choose a diffe\n+00060ef0: 7265 6e74 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 rent permission \n+00060f00: 7363 6865 6d65 3b20 7061 636b 6167 6573 scheme; packages\n+00060f10: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 6d61 6b65 should not make\n+00060f20: 0a61 7373 756d 7074 696f 6e73 2061 626f .assumptions abo\n+00060f30: 7574 2074 6865 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f ut the permissio\n+00060f40: 6e20 616e 6420 6f77 6e65 7273 6869 7020 n and ownership \n+00060f50: 6f66 206d 6169 6c62 6f78 6573 2075 6e6c of mailboxes unl\n+00060f60: 6573 730a 7265 7175 6972 6564 2028 7375 ess.required (su\n+00060f70: 6368 2061 7320 7768 656e 2063 7265 6174 ch as when creat\n+00060f80: 696e 6720 6120 6e65 7720 6d61 696c 626f ing a new mailbo\n+00060f90: 7829 2e20 2041 204d 5541 206d 6179 2072 x). 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If t\n+000616b0: 6865 2066 696c 6520 646f 6573 206e 6f74 he file does not\n+000616c0: 2065 7869 7374 2c20 7468 650a 7061 636b exist, the.pack\n+000616d0: 6167 6520 7368 6f75 6c64 2070 726f 6d70 age should promp\n+000616e0: 7420 7468 6520 7573 6572 2066 6f72 2074 t the user for t\n+000616f0: 6865 2076 616c 7565 2028 7072 6566 6572 he value (prefer\n+00061700: 6162 6c79 2075 7369 6e67 0ae2 8098 6465 ably using....de\n+00061710: 6263 6f6e 66e2 8099 2920 616e 6420 7374 bconf...) and st\n+00061720: 6f72 6520 6974 2069 6e20 e280 982f 6574 ore it in .../et\n+00061730: 632f 6d61 696c 6e61 6d65 e280 9920 6173 c/mailname... as\n+00061740: 2077 656c 6c20 6173 2075 7369 6e67 2069 well as using i\n+00061750: 7420 696e 2074 6865 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 t in the.package\n+00061760: e280 9973 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 ...s configurati\n+00061770: 6f6e 2e20 2054 6865 2070 726f 6d70 7420 on. The prompt \n+00061780: 7368 6f75 6c64 206d 616b 6520 6974 2063 should make it c\n+00061790: 6c65 6172 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6e61 lear that the na\n+000617a0: 6d65 0a77 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 6a75 7374 me.will not just\n+000617b0: 2062 6520 7573 6564 2062 7920 7468 6174 be used by that\n+000617c0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 2046 6f72 2065 package. For e\n+000617d0: 7861 6d70 6c65 2c20 696e 2074 6869 7320 xample, in this \n+000617e0: 7369 7475 6174 696f 6e0a 7468 6520 e280 situation.the ..\n+000617f0: 9869 6e6e e280 9920 7061 636b 6167 6520 .inn... package \n+00061800: 636f 756c 6420 7361 7920 736f 6d65 7468 could say someth\n+00061810: 696e 6720 6c69 6b65 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 ing like:.. \n+00061820: 506c 6561 7365 2065 6e74 6572 2074 6865 Please enter the\n+00061830: 2022 6d61 696c 206e 616d 6522 206f 6620 \"mail name\" of \n+00061840: 796f 7572 2073 7973 7465 6d2e 2020 5468 your system. Th\n+00061850: 6973 2069 7320 7468 6520 686f 7374 6e61 is is the hostna\n+00061860: 6d65 2070 6f72 7469 6f6e 0a20 2020 2020 me portion. \n+00061870: 6f66 2074 6865 2061 6464 7265 7373 2074 of the address t\n+00061880: 6f20 6265 2073 686f 776e 206f 6e20 6f75 o be shown on ou\n+00061890: 7467 6f69 6e67 206e 6577 7320 616e 6420 tgoing news and \n+000618a0: 6d61 696c 206d 6573 7361 6765 732e 2020 mail messages. \n+000618b0: 5468 650a 2020 2020 2064 6566 6175 6c74 The. default\n+000618c0: 2069 7320 7379 7368 6f73 746e 616d 652c is syshostname,\n+000618d0: 2079 6f75 7220 7379 7374 656d 2773 2068 your system's h\n+000618e0: 6f73 7420 6e61 6d65 2e0a 0a20 2020 2020 ost name... \n+000618f0: 4d61 696c 206e 616d 6520 5b22 7379 7368 Mail name [\"sysh\n+00061900: 6f73 746e 616d 6522 5d3a 0a0a 7768 6572 ostname\"]:..wher\n+00061910: 6520 7379 7368 6f73 746e 616d 6520 6973 e syshostname is\n+00061920: 2074 6865 206f 7574 7075 7420 6f66 20e2 the output of .\n+00061930: 8098 686f 7374 6e61 6d65 202d 2d66 7164 ..hostname --fqd\n+00061940: 6ee2 8099 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d n...... ------\n+00061950: 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d ---- Footnotes -\n+00061960: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 ---------.. (1\n+00061970: 2920 4966 2069 7420 6973 206e 6f74 2070 ) If it is not p\n+00061980: 6f73 7369 626c 6520 746f 2065 7374 6162 ossible to estab\n+00061990: 6c69 7368 2062 6f74 6820 6c6f 636b 732c lish both locks,\n+000619a0: 2074 6865 2073 7973 7465 6d0a 7368 6f75 the system.shou\n+000619b0: 6c64 6ee2 8099 7420 7761 6974 2066 6f72 ldn...t wait for\n+000619c0: 2074 6865 2073 6563 6f6e 6420 6c6f 636b the second lock\n+000619d0: 2074 6f20 6265 2065 7374 6162 6c69 7368 to be establish\n+000619e0: 6564 2c20 6275 7420 7265 6d6f 7665 2074 ed, but remove t\n+000619f0: 6865 0a66 6972 7374 206c 6f63 6b2c 2077 he.first lock, w\n+00061a00: 6169 7420 6120 2872 616e 646f 6d29 2074 ait a (random) t\n+00061a10: 696d 652c 2061 6e64 2073 7461 7274 206f ime, and start o\n+00061a20: 7665 7220 6c6f 636b 696e 6720 6167 6169 ver locking agai\n+00061a30: 6e2e 0a0a 2020 2028 3229 2054 6865 7265 n... (2) There\n+00061a40: 2061 7265 2074 776f 2074 7261 6469 7469 are two traditi\n+00061a50: 6f6e 616c 2070 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e20 onal permission \n+00061a60: 7363 6865 6d65 7320 666f 7220 6d61 696c schemes for mail\n+00061a70: 2073 706f 6f6c 733a 0a6d 6f64 6520 3630 spools:.mode 60\n+00061a80: 3020 7769 7468 2061 6c6c 206d 6169 6c20 0 with all mail \n+00061a90: 6465 6c69 7665 7279 2064 6f6e 6520 6279 delivery done by\n+00061aa0: 2070 726f 6365 7373 6573 2072 756e 6e69 processes runni\n+00061ab0: 6e67 2061 7320 7468 650a 6465 7374 696e ng as the.destin\n+00061ac0: 6174 696f 6e20 7573 6572 2c20 6f72 206d ation user, or m\n+00061ad0: 6f64 6520 3636 3020 616e 6420 6f77 6e65 ode 660 and owne\n+00061ae0: 6420 6279 2067 726f 7570 206d 6169 6c20 d by group mail \n+00061af0: 7769 7468 206d 6169 6c20 6465 6c69 7665 with mail delive\n+00061b00: 7279 0a64 6f6e 6520 6279 2061 2070 726f ry.done by a pro\n+00061b10: 6365 7373 2072 756e 6e69 6e67 2061 7320 cess running as \n+00061b20: 6120 7379 7374 656d 2075 7365 7220 696e a system user in\n+00061b30: 2067 726f 7570 206d 6169 6c2e 2020 4869 group mail. Hi\n+00061b40: 7374 6f72 6963 616c 6c79 2c0a 4465 6269 storically,.Debi\n+00061b50: 616e 2072 6571 7569 7265 6420 6d6f 6465 an required mode\n+00061b60: 2036 3630 206d 6169 6c20 7370 6f6f 6c73 660 mail spools\n+00061b70: 2074 6f20 656e 6162 6c65 2074 6865 206c to enable the l\n+00061b80: 6174 7465 7220 6d6f 6465 6c2c 2062 7574 atter model, but\n+00061b90: 0a74 6861 7420 6d6f 6465 6c20 6861 7320 .that model has \n+00061ba0: 6265 636f 6d65 2069 6e63 7265 6173 696e become increasin\n+00061bb0: 676c 7920 756e 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2061 6e64 gly uncommon and\n+00061bc0: 2074 6865 2070 7269 6e63 6970 6c65 206f the principle o\n+00061bd0: 6620 6c65 6173 740a 7072 6976 696c 6567 f least.privileg\n+00061be0: 6520 696e 6469 6361 7465 7320 7468 6174 e indicates that\n+00061bf0: 206d 6169 6c20 7379 7374 656d 7320 7468 mail systems th\n+00061c00: 6174 2075 7365 2074 6865 2066 6972 7374 at use the first\n+00061c10: 206d 6f64 656c 2073 686f 756c 640a 7573 model should.us\n+00061c20: 6520 7065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 e permissions of\n+00061c30: 2036 3030 2e20 2049 6620 6465 6c69 7665 600. If delive\n+00061c40: 7279 2074 6f20 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 2069 ry to programs i\n+00061c50: 7320 7065 726d 6974 7465 642c 2069 74e2 s permitted, it.\n+00061c60: 8099 730a 6561 7369 6572 2074 6f20 6b65 ..s.easier to ke\n+00061c70: 6570 2074 6865 206d 6169 6c20 7379 7374 ep the mail syst\n+00061c80: 656d 2073 6563 7572 6520 6966 2074 6865 em secure if the\n+00061c90: 2064 656c 6976 6572 7920 6167 656e 7420 delivery agent \n+00061ca0: 7275 6e73 2061 7320 7468 650a 6465 7374 runs as the.dest\n+00061cb0: 696e 6174 696f 6e20 7573 6572 2e20 2044 ination user. D\n+00061cc0: 6562 6961 6e20 506f 6c69 6379 2074 6865 ebian Policy the\n+00061cd0: 7265 666f 7265 2070 6572 6d69 7473 2065 refore permits e\n+00061ce0: 6974 6865 7220 7363 6865 6d65 2e0a 0a1f ither scheme....\n+00061cf0: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n+00061d00: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n+00061d10: 3a20 4e65 7773 2073 7973 7465 6d20 636f : News system co\n+00061d20: 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e2c 2020 4e65 nfiguration, Ne\n+00061d30: 7874 3a20 5072 6f67 7261 6d73 2066 6f72 xt: Programs for\n+00061d40: 2074 6865 2058 2057 696e 646f 7720 5379 the X Window Sy\n+00061d50: 7374 656d 2c20 2050 7265 763a 204d 6169 stem, Prev: Mai\n+00061d60: 6c20 7472 616e 7370 6f72 7420 6465 6c69 l transport deli\n+00061d70: 7665 7279 2061 6e64 2075 7365 7220 6167 very and user ag\n+00061d80: 656e 7473 2c20 2055 703a 2043 7573 746f ents, Up: Custo\n+00061d90: 6d69 7a65 6420 7072 6f67 7261 6d73 0a0a mized programs..\n+00061da0: 3131 2e37 204e 6577 7320 7379 7374 656d 11.7 News system\n+00061db0: 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 0a3d configuration.=\n+00061dc0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00061dd0: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a41 =============..A\n+00061de0: 6c6c 2074 6865 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 ll the configura\n+00061df0: 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 6573 2072 656c 6174 tion files relat\n+00061e00: 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 4e4e 5450 2028 ed to the NNTP (\n+00061e10: 6e65 7773 2920 7365 7276 6572 7320 616e news) servers an\n+00061e20: 640a 636c 6965 6e74 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 d.clients should\n+00061e30: 2062 6520 6c6f 6361 7465 6420 756e 6465 be located unde\n+00061e40: 7220 e280 982f 6574 632f 6e65 7773 e280 r .../etc/news..\n+00061e50: 992e 0a0a 5468 6572 6520 6172 6520 736f ....There are so\n+00061e60: 6d65 2063 6f6e 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e me configuration\n+00061e70: 2069 7373 7565 7320 7468 6174 2061 7070 issues that app\n+00061e80: 6c79 2074 6f20 6120 6e75 6d62 6572 206f ly to a number o\n+00061e90: 6620 6e65 7773 0a63 6c69 656e 7473 2061 f news.clients a\n+00061ea0: 6e64 2073 6572 7665 7220 7061 636b 6167 nd server packag\n+00061eb0: 6573 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6d61 6368 696e es on the machin\n+00061ec0: 652e 2020 5468 6573 6520 6172 653a 0a0a e. These are:..\n+00061ed0: e280 982f 6574 632f 6e65 7773 2f6f 7267 .../etc/news/org\n+00061ee0: 616e 697a 6174 696f 6ee2 8099 0a0a 2020 anization..... \n+00061ef0: 2020 2041 2073 7472 696e 6720 7768 6963 A string whic\n+00061f00: 6820 7368 6f75 6c64 2061 7070 6561 7220 h should appear \n+00061f10: 6173 2074 6865 206f 7267 616e 697a 6174 as the organizat\n+00061f20: 696f 6e20 6865 6164 6572 2066 6f72 2061 ion header for a\n+00061f30: 6c6c 0a20 2020 2020 6d65 7373 6167 6573 ll. messages\n+00061f40: 2070 6f73 7465 6420 6279 204e 4e54 5020 posted by NNTP \n+00061f50: 636c 6965 6e74 7320 6f6e 2074 6865 206d clients on the m\n+00061f60: 6163 6869 6e65 0a0a e280 982f 6574 632f achine...../etc/\n+00061f70: 6e65 7773 2f73 6572 7665 72e2 8099 0a0a news/server.....\n+00061f80: 2020 2020 2043 6f6e 7461 696e 7320 7468 Contains th\n+00061f90: 6520 4651 444e 206f 6620 7468 6520 7570 e FQDN of the up\n+00061fa0: 7374 7265 616d 204e 4e54 5020 7365 7276 stream NNTP serv\n+00061fb0: 6572 2c20 6f72 206c 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They must\n+00064cb0: 2062 6520 7265 6769 7374 6572 6564 2061 be registered a\n+00064cc0: 7320 e280 9863 6f6e 6666 696c 65e2 8099 s ...conffile...\n+00064cd0: 7320 6f72 2068 616e 646c 6564 0a61 7320 s or handled.as \n+00064ce0: 636f 6e66 6967 7572 6174 696f 6e20 6669 configuration fi\n+00064cf0: 6c65 732e 0a0a 4375 7374 6f6d 697a 6174 les...Customizat\n+00064d00: 696f 6e20 6f66 2070 726f 6772 616d 73e2 ion of programs.\n+00064d10: 8099 2058 2072 6573 6f75 7263 6573 206d .. X resources m\n+00064d20: 6179 2061 6c73 6f20 6265 2073 7570 706f ay also be suppo\n+00064d30: 7274 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 650a 7072 rted with the.pr\n+00064d40: 6f76 6973 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 2066 696c ovision of a fil\n+00064d50: 6520 7769 7468 2074 6865 2073 616d 6520 e with the same \n+00064d60: 6e61 6d65 2061 7320 7468 6174 206f 6620 name as that of \n+00064d70: 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 706c 6163 the package plac\n+00064d80: 6564 2069 6e0a 7468 6520 e280 982f 6574 ed in.the .../et\n+00064d90: 632f 5831 312f 5872 6573 6f75 7263 6573 c/X11/Xresources\n+00064da0: 2fe2 8099 2064 6972 6563 746f 7279 2c20 /... directory, \n+00064db0: 7768 6963 6820 6d75 7374 2062 6520 7265 which must be re\n+00064dc0: 6769 7374 6572 6564 2061 7320 610a e280 gistered as a...\n+00064dd0: 9863 6f6e 6666 696c 65e2 8099 206f 7220 .conffile... or \n+00064de0: 6861 6e64 6c65 6420 6173 2061 2063 6f6e handled as a con\n+00064df0: 6669 6775 7261 7469 6f6e 2066 696c 652e figuration file.\n+00064e00: 2020 2831 290a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d (1).. ------\n+00064e10: 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d ---- Footnotes -\n+00064e20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 ---------.. (1\n+00064e30: 2920 4e6f 7465 2074 6861 7420 7468 6973 ) Note that this\n+00064e40: 206d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 2069 7320 6e6f mechanism is no\n+00064e50: 7420 7468 6520 7361 6d65 2061 7320 7573 t the same as us\n+00064e60: 696e 6720 6170 702d 6465 6661 756c 7473 ing app-defaults\n+00064e70: 3b0a 6170 702d 6465 6661 756c 7473 2061 ;.app-defaults a\n+00064e80: 7265 2074 6965 6420 746f 2074 6865 2063 re tied to the c\n+00064e90: 6c69 656e 7420 6269 6e61 7279 206f 6e20 lient binary on \n+00064ea0: 7468 6520 6c6f 6361 6c20 6669 6c65 2073 the local file s\n+00064eb0: 7973 7465 6d2c 0a77 6865 7265 6173 2058 ystem,.whereas X\n+00064ec0: 2072 6573 6f75 7263 6573 2061 7265 2073 resources are s\n+00064ed0: 746f 7265 6420 696e 2074 6865 2058 2073 tored in the X s\n+00064ee0: 6572 7665 7220 616e 6420 6166 6665 6374 erver and affect\n+00064ef0: 2061 6c6c 2063 6f6e 6e65 6374 696e 670a all connecting.\n+00064f00: 636c 6965 6e74 732e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 clients.....File\n+00064f10: 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e : debian-policy.\n+00064f20: 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2049 6e73 info, Node: Ins\n+00064f30: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 6469 7265 6374 tallation direct\n+00064f40: 6f72 7920 6973 7375 6573 2c20 2050 7265 ory issues, Pre\n+00064f50: 763a 2041 7070 6c69 6361 7469 6f6e 2064 v: Application d\n+00064f60: 6566 6175 6c74 7320 6669 6c65 732c 2020 efaults files, \n+00064f70: 5570 3a20 5072 6f67 7261 6d73 2066 6f72 Up: Programs for\n+00064f80: 2074 6865 2058 2057 696e 646f 7720 5379 the X Window Sy\n+00064f90: 7374 656d 0a0a 3131 2e38 2e37 2049 6e73 stem..11.8.7 Ins\n+00064fa0: 7461 6c6c 6174 696f 6e20 6469 7265 6374 tallation direct\n+00064fb0: 6f72 7920 6973 7375 6573 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d ory issues.-----\n+00064fc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00064fd0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00064fe0: 0a48 6973 746f 7269 6361 6c6c 792c 2070 .Historically, p\n+00064ff0: 6163 6b61 6765 7320 7573 696e 6720 7468 ackages using th\n+00065000: 6520 5820 5769 6e64 6f77 2053 7973 7465 e X Window Syste\n+00065010: 6d20 7573 6564 2061 2073 6570 6172 6174 m used a separat\n+00065020: 6520 7365 7420 6f66 0a69 6e73 7461 6c6c e set of.install\n+00065030: 6174 696f 6e20 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 ation directorie\n+00065040: 7320 6672 6f6d 206f 7468 6572 2070 6163 s from other pac\n+00065050: 6b61 6765 732e 2020 5468 6973 2070 7261 kages. 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You should n\n+00065d20: 6f74 2064 6f20 7468 6973 2069 6e20 6120 ot do this in a \n+00065d30: 4465 6269 616e 2070 6163 6b61 6765 3a0a Debian package:.\n+00065d40: 616e 796f 6e65 2063 616e 2064 6f77 6e6c anyone can downl\n+00065d50: 6f61 6420 7468 6520 e280 982e 6465 62e2 oad the ....deb.\n+00065d60: 8099 2066 696c 6520 616e 6420 7265 6164 .. file and read\n+00065d70: 2074 6865 2064 6174 6120 6672 6f6d 2069 the data from i\n+00065d80: 742c 2073 6f20 7468 6572 650a 6973 206e t, so there.is n\n+00065d90: 6f20 706f 696e 7420 6d61 6b69 6e67 2074 o point making t\n+00065da0: 6865 2066 696c 6573 2075 6e72 6561 6461 he files unreada\n+00065db0: 626c 652e 2020 4e6f 7420 6d61 6b69 6e67 ble. 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(1\n+00068b00: 2920 2054 6865 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 ) The documenta\n+00068b10: 7469 6f6e 206d 7573 7420 6265 0a69 6e73 tion must be.ins\n+00068b20: 7461 6c6c 6564 2061 7320 7370 6563 6966 talled as specif\n+00068b30: 6965 6420 696e 202a 6e6f 7465 2041 6464 ied in *note Add\n+00068b40: 6974 696f 6e61 6c20 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 itional document\n+00068b50: 6174 696f 6e3a 2031 6162 2e0a 0a4f 7468 ation: 1ab...Oth\n+00068b60: 6572 2066 6f72 6d61 7473 2073 7563 6820 er formats such \n+00068b70: 6173 2050 6f73 7453 6372 6970 7420 6d61 as PostScript ma\n+00068b80: 7920 6265 2070 726f 7669 6465 6420 6174 y be provided at\n+00068b90: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a6d 6169 the package.mai\n+00068ba0: 6e74 6169 6e65 72e2 8099 7320 6469 7363 ntainer...s disc\n+00068bb0: 7265 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d retion... ----\n+00068bc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 ------ Footnotes\n+00068bd0: 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 ----------.. \n+00068be0: 2831 2920 5261 7469 6f6e 616c 653a 2054 (1) Rationale: T\n+00068bf0: 6865 2069 6d70 6f72 7461 6e74 2074 6869 he important thi\n+00068c00: 6e67 2068 6572 6520 6973 2074 6861 7420 ng here is that \n+00068c10: 4854 4d4c 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7461 7469 HTML documentati\n+00068c20: 6f6e 0a73 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 7661 on.should be ava\n+00068c30: 696c 6162 6c65 2066 726f 6d20 2773 6f6d ilable from 'som\n+00068c40: 6527 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 e' binary packag\n+00068c50: 652e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 e.....File: debi\n+00068c60: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n+00068c70: 204e 6f64 653a 2043 6f70 7972 6967 6874 Node: Copyright\n+00068c80: 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2c20 204e information, N\n+00068c90: 6578 743a 2045 7861 6d70 6c65 732c 2020 ext: Examples, \n+00068ca0: 5072 6576 3a20 5072 6566 6572 7265 6420 Prev: Preferred \n+00068cb0: 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 666f documentation fo\n+00068cc0: 726d 6174 732c 2020 5570 3a20 446f 6375 rmats, Up: Docu\n+00068cd0: 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e0a 0a31 322e 3520 mentation..12.5 \n+00068ce0: 436f 7079 7269 6768 7420 696e 666f 726d Copyright inform\n+00068cf0: 6174 696f 6e0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ation.==========\n+00068d00: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ================\n+00068d10: 0a0a 4576 6572 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 ..Every package \n+00068d20: 6d75 7374 2062 6520 6163 636f 6d70 616e must be accompan\n+00068d30: 6965 6420 6279 2061 2076 6572 6261 7469 ied by a verbati\n+00068d40: 6d20 636f 7079 206f 6620 6974 7320 6469 m copy of its di\n+00068d50: 7374 7269 6275 7469 6f6e 0a6c 6963 656e stribution.licen\n+00068d60: 7365 2873 2920 696e 2074 6865 2066 696c se(s) in the fil\n+00068d70: 6520 e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f e .../usr/share/\n+00068d80: 646f 632f 5041 434b 4147 452f 636f 7079 doc/PACKAGE/copy\n+00068d90: 7269 6768 74e2 8099 2e20 2054 6869 7320 right.... 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If.yo\n+000694b0: 7572 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2068 6173 2073 ur package has s\n+000694c0: 7563 6820 6120 6669 6c65 2069 7420 7368 uch a file it sh\n+000694d0: 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 696e 7374 616c 6c65 ould be installe\n+000694e0: 6420 696e 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 d in..../usr/sha\n+000694f0: 7265 2f64 6f63 2f70 6163 6b61 6765 2f52 re/doc/package/R\n+00069500: 4541 444d 45e2 8099 206f 7220 e280 9852 EADME... or ...R\n+00069510: 4541 444d 452e 4465 6269 616e e280 9920 EADME.Debian... \n+00069520: 6f72 2073 6f6d 6520 6f74 6865 720a 6170 or some other.ap\n+00069530: 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 706c 6163 652e propriate place.\n+00069540: 0a0a 416c 6c20 636f 7079 7269 6768 7420 ..All copyright \n+00069550: 6669 6c65 7320 6d75 7374 2062 6520 656e files must be en\n+00069560: 636f 6465 6420 696e 2055 5446 2d38 2e0a coded in UTF-8..\n+00069570: 0a2a 204d 656e 753a 0a0a 2a20 4d61 6368 .* Menu:..* Mach\n+00069580: 696e 652d 7265 6164 6162 6c65 2063 6f70 ine-readable cop\n+00069590: 7972 6967 6874 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 yright informati\n+000695a0: 6f6e 3a3a 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d on::.. -------\n+000695b0: 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d --- Footnotes --\n+000695c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 --------.. (1)\n+000695d0: 2049 6e20 7061 7274 6963 756c 6172 2c20 In particular, \n+000695e0: e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 636f .../usr/share/co\n+000695f0: 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f 4170 mmon-licenses/Ap\n+00069600: 6163 6865 2d32 2e30 e280 992c 0ae2 8098 ache-2.0...,....\n+00069610: 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 2f63 6f6d 6d6f /usr/share/commo\n+00069620: 6e2d 6c69 6365 6e73 6573 2f41 7274 6973 n-licenses/Artis\n+00069630: 7469 63e2 8099 2c0a e280 982f 7573 722f tic...,..../usr/\n+00069640: 7368 6172 652f 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c 6963 share/common-lic\n+00069650: 656e 7365 732f 4343 302d 312e 30e2 8099 enses/CC0-1.0...\n+00069660: 2c0a e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f ,..../usr/share/\n+00069670: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f common-licenses/\n+00069680: 4750 4c2d 31e2 8099 2c20 e280 982f 7573 GPL-1..., .../us\n+00069690: 722f 7368 6172 652f 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c r/share/common-l\n+000696a0: 6963 656e 7365 732f 4750 4c2d 32e2 8099 icenses/GPL-2...\n+000696b0: 2c0a e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f ,..../usr/share/\n+000696c0: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f common-licenses/\n+000696d0: 4750 4c2d 33e2 8099 2c20 e280 982f 7573 GPL-3..., .../us\n+000696e0: 722f 7368 6172 652f 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c r/share/common-l\n+000696f0: 6963 656e 7365 732f 4c47 504c 2d32 e280 icenses/LGPL-2..\n+00069700: 992c 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 .,..../usr/share\n+00069710: 2f63 6f6d 6d6f 6e2d 6c69 6365 6e73 6573 /common-licenses\n+00069720: 2f4c 4750 4c2d 322e 31e2 8099 2c0a e280 /LGPL-2.1...,...\n+00069730: 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 636f 6d6d ./usr/share/comm\n+00069740: 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f 4c47 504c on-licenses/LGPL\n+00069750: 2d33 e280 992c 0ae2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 -3...,..../usr/s\n+00069760: 6861 7265 2f63 6f6d 6d6f 6e2d 6c69 6365 hare/common-lice\n+00069770: 6e73 6573 2f47 4644 4c2d 312e 32e2 8099 nses/GFDL-1.2...\n+00069780: 2c0a e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f ,..../usr/share/\n+00069790: 636f 6d6d 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f common-licenses/\n+000697a0: 4746 444c 2d31 2e33 e280 992c 0ae2 8098 GFDL-1.3...,....\n+000697b0: 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 7265 2f63 6f6d 6d6f /usr/share/commo\n+000697c0: 6e2d 6c69 6365 6e73 6573 2f4d 504c 2d31 n-licenses/MPL-1\n+000697d0: 2e31 e280 992c 2061 6e64 0ae2 8098 2f75 .1..., and..../u\n+000697e0: 7372 2f73 6861 7265 2f63 6f6d 6d6f 6e2d sr/share/common-\n+000697f0: 6c69 6365 6e73 6573 2f4d 504c 2d32 2e30 licenses/MPL-2.0\n+00069800: e280 9920 7265 7370 6563 7469 7665 6c79 ... respectively\n+00069810: 2e20 2054 6865 2055 6e69 7665 7273 6974 . The Universit\n+00069820: 7920 6f66 0a43 616c 6966 6f72 6e69 6120 y of.California \n+00069830: 4253 4420 6c69 6365 6e73 6520 6973 2061 BSD license is a\n+00069840: 6c73 6f20 696e 636c 7564 6564 2069 6e20 lso included in \n+00069850: 6261 7365 2d66 696c 6573 2061 730a e280 base-files as...\n+00069860: 982f 7573 722f 7368 6172 652f 636f 6d6d ./usr/share/comm\n+00069870: 6f6e 2d6c 6963 656e 7365 732f 4253 44e2 on-licenses/BSD.\n+00069880: 8099 2c20 6275 7420 6769 7665 6e20 7468 .., but given th\n+00069890: 6520 6272 6576 6974 7920 6f66 2074 6869 e brevity of thi\n+000698a0: 7320 6c69 6365 6e73 652c 0a69 7473 2073 s license,.its s\n+000698b0: 7065 6369 6669 6369 7479 2074 6f20 636f pecificity to co\n+000698c0: 6465 2077 686f 7365 2063 6f70 7972 6967 de whose copyrig\n+000698d0: 6874 2069 7320 6865 6c64 2062 7920 7468 ht is held by th\n+000698e0: 6520 5265 6765 6e74 7320 6f66 2074 6865 e Regents of the\n+000698f0: 0a55 6e69 7665 7273 6974 7920 6f66 2043 .University of C\n+00069900: 616c 6966 6f72 6e69 612c 2061 6e64 2074 alifornia, and t\n+00069910: 6865 2066 7265 7175 656e 6379 206f 6620 he frequency of \n+00069920: 6d69 6e6f 7220 776f 7264 696e 6720 6368 minor wording ch\n+00069930: 616e 6765 732c 0a69 7473 2074 6578 7420 anges,.its text \n+00069940: 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 6520 696e 636c 7564 should be includ\n+00069950: 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 636f 7079 7269 ed in the copyri\n+00069960: 6768 7420 6669 6c65 2072 6174 6865 7220 ght file rather \n+00069970: 7468 616e 0a72 6566 6572 656e 6369 6e67 than.referencing\n+00069980: 2074 6869 7320 6669 6c65 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 this file.....F\n+00069990: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n+000699a0: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n+000699b0: 4d61 6368 696e 652d 7265 6164 6162 6c65 Machine-readable\n+000699c0: 2063 6f70 7972 6967 6874 2069 6e66 6f72 copyright infor\n+000699d0: 6d61 7469 6f6e 2c20 2055 703a 2043 6f70 mation, Up: Cop\n+000699e0: 7972 6967 6874 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 yright informati\n+000699f0: 6f6e 0a0a 3132 2e35 2e31 204d 6163 6869 on..12.5.1 Machi\n+00069a00: 6e65 2d72 6561 6461 626c 6520 636f 7079 ne-readable copy\n+00069a10: 7269 6768 7420 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f right informatio\n+00069a20: 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d n.--------------\n+00069a30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00069a40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a ---------------.\n+00069a50: 0a41 2073 7065 6369 6669 6361 7469 6f6e .A specification\n+00069a60: 2066 6f72 2061 2073 7461 6e64 6172 642c for a standard,\n+00069a70: 206d 6163 6869 6e65 2d72 6561 6461 626c machine-readabl\n+00069a80: 6520 666f 726d 6174 2066 6f72 0ae2 8098 e format for....\n+00069a90: 6465 6269 616e 2f63 6f70 7972 6967 6874 debian/copyright\n+00069aa0: e280 9920 6669 6c65 7320 6973 206d 6169 ... files is mai\n+00069ab0: 6e74 6169 6e65 6420 6173 2070 6172 7420 ntained as part \n+00069ac0: 6f66 2074 6865 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f of the debian-po\n+00069ad0: 6c69 6379 0a70 6163 6b61 6765 2e20 2054 licy.package. T\n+00069ae0: 6869 7320 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 7320 his document is \n+00069af0: 696e 2074 6865 20e2 8098 636f 7079 7269 in the ...copyri\n+00069b00: 6768 742d 666f 726d 6174 e280 9920 6669 ght-format... fi\n+00069b10: 6c65 7320 696e 2074 6865 0a64 6562 6961 les in the.debia\n+00069b20: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2070 6163 6b61 6765 n-policy package\n+00069b30: 2e20 2049 7420 6973 2061 6c73 6f20 6176 . 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Th\n+0006aa00: 6579 2061 7265 2074 6865 0a63 6861 7074 ey are the.chapt\n+0006aa10: 6572 7320 7768 6963 6820 6172 6520 6c69 ers which are li\n+0006aa20: 6b65 6c79 2074 6f20 6265 206f 6620 7573 kely to be of us\n+0006aa30: 6520 746f 2070 6163 6b61 6765 206d 6169 e to package mai\n+0006aa40: 6e74 6169 6e65 7273 2061 6e64 2077 6869 ntainers and whi\n+0006aa50: 6368 0a68 6176 6520 6e6f 7420 616c 7265 ch.have not alre\n+0006aa60: 6164 7920 6265 656e 2069 6e63 6c75 6465 ady been include\n+0006aa70: 6420 696e 2074 6865 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 d in the policy \n+0006aa80: 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2069 7473 656c 662e document itself.\n+0006aa90: 2020 4d6f 7374 206f 660a 7468 6573 6520 Most of.these \n+0006aaa0: 7365 6374 696f 6e73 2061 7265 2076 6572 sections are ver\n+0006aab0: 7920 6c69 6b65 6c79 206e 6f74 2072 656c y likely not rel\n+0006aac0: 6576 616e 7420 746f 2070 6f6c 6963 793b evant to policy;\n+0006aad0: 2074 6865 7920 7368 6f75 6c64 2062 650a they should be.\n+0006aae0: 7472 6561 7465 6420 6173 2064 6f63 756d treated as docum\n+0006aaf0: 656e 7461 7469 6f6e 2066 6f72 2074 6865 entation for the\n+0006ab00: 2070 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 2073 7973 7465 packaging syste\n+0006ab10: 6d2e 2020 506c 6561 7365 206e 6f74 6520 m. 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(if appropri\n+0006db20: 6174 6529 0a69 6e20 7468 6520 6375 7272 ate).in the curr\n+0006db30: 656e 7420 6469 7265 6374 6f72 792e 2020 ent directory. \n+0006db40: e280 9864 706b 672d 736f 7572 6365 e280 ...dpkg-source..\n+0006db50: 9920 646f 6573 206e 6f74 2063 6c65 616e . does not clean\n+0006db60: 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7472 6565 the source tree\n+0006db70: 0a66 6972 7374 202d 2074 6869 7320 6d75 .first - this mu\n+0006db80: 7374 2062 6520 646f 6e65 2073 6570 6172 st be done separ\n+0006db90: 6174 656c 7920 6966 2069 7420 6973 2072 ately if it is r\n+0006dba0: 6571 7569 7265 642e 0a0a 5365 6520 616c equired...See al\n+0006dbb0: 736f 202a 6e6f 7465 2053 6f75 7263 6520 so *note Source \n+0006dbc0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 2061 7320 6172 6368 packages as arch\n+0006dbd0: 6976 6573 3a20 6336 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ives: c6.....Fil\n+0006dbe0: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n+0006dbf0: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 6470 .info, Node: dp\n+0006dc00: 6b67 2d62 7569 6c64 7061 636b 6167 6520 kg-buildpackage \n+0006dc10: 2d20 6f76 6572 616c 6c20 7061 636b 6167 - overall packag\n+0006dc20: 652d 6275 696c 6469 6e67 2063 6f6e 7472 e-building contr\n+0006dc30: 6f6c 2073 6372 6970 742c 2020 4e65 7874 ol script, Next\n+0006dc40: 3a20 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 636f 6e74 726f : dpkg-gencontro\n+0006dc50: 6c20 2d20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 7320 6269 l - generates bi\n+0006dc60: 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2063 6f6e nary package con\n+0006dc70: 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 6573 2c20 2050 7265 trol files, Pre\n+0006dc80: 763a 2064 706b 672d 736f 7572 6365 202d v: dpkg-source -\n+0006dc90: 2070 6163 6b73 2061 6e64 2075 6e70 6163 packs and unpac\n+0006dca0: 6b73 2044 6562 6961 6e20 736f 7572 6365 ks Debian source\n+0006dcb0: 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2020 5570 3a20 packages, Up: \n+0006dcc0: 546f 6f6c 7320 666f 7220 7072 6f63 6573 Tools for proces\n+0006dcd0: 7369 6e67 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b sing source pack\n+0006dce0: 6167 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e32 20e2 8098 ages..15.1.2 ...\n+0006dcf0: 6470 6b67 2d62 7569 6c64 7061 636b 6167 dpkg-buildpackag\n+0006dd00: 65e2 8099 202d 206f 7665 7261 6c6c 2070 e... - overall p\n+0006dd10: 6163 6b61 6765 2d62 7569 6c64 696e 6720 ackage-building \n+0006dd20: 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 7363 7269 7074 0a2d control script.-\n+0006dd30: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0006dd40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0006dd50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0006dd60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0006dd70: 2d2d 2d0a 0a53 6565 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 ---..See ...dpkg\n+0006dd80: 2d62 7569 6c64 7061 636b 6167 6528 3129 -buildpackage(1)\n+0006dd90: e280 992e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 ........File: de\n+0006dda0: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f bian-policy.info\n+0006ddb0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2064 706b 672d 6765 , Node: dpkg-ge\n+0006ddc0: 6e63 6f6e 7472 6f6c 202d 2067 656e 6572 ncontrol - gener\n+0006ddd0: 6174 6573 2062 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b ates binary pack\n+0006dde0: 6167 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 6c65 age control file\n+0006ddf0: 732c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 6470 6b67 2d73 s, Next: dpkg-s\n+0006de00: 686c 6962 6465 7073 202d 2063 616c 6375 hlibdeps - calcu\n+0006de10: 6c61 7465 7320 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 lates shared lib\n+0006de20: 7261 7279 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 rary dependencie\n+0006de30: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 6470 6b67 2d62 s, Prev: dpkg-b\n+0006de40: 7569 6c64 7061 636b 6167 6520 2d20 6f76 uildpackage - ov\n+0006de50: 6572 616c 6c20 7061 636b 6167 652d 6275 erall package-bu\n+0006de60: 696c 6469 6e67 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2073 ilding control s\n+0006de70: 6372 6970 742c 2020 5570 3a20 546f 6f6c cript, Up: Tool\n+0006de80: 7320 666f 7220 7072 6f63 6573 7369 6e67 s for processing\n+0006de90: 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 source packages\n+0006dea0: 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e33 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 ..15.1.3 ...dpkg\n+0006deb0: 2d67 656e 636f 6e74 726f 6ce2 8099 202d -gencontrol... -\n+0006dec0: 2067 656e 6572 6174 6573 2062 696e 6172 generates binar\n+0006ded0: 7920 7061 636b 6167 6520 636f 6e74 726f y package contro\n+0006dee0: 6c20 6669 6c65 730a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d l files.--------\n+0006def0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0006df00: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0006df10: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0006df20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6869 7320 ---------..This \n+0006df30: 7072 6f67 7261 6d20 6973 2075 7375 616c program is usual\n+0006df40: 6c79 2063 616c 6c65 6420 6672 6f6d 20e2 ly called from .\n+0006df50: 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 e280 ..debian/rules..\n+0006df60: 9920 2873 6565 202a 6e6f 7465 0a73 6563 . (see *note.sec\n+0006df70: 7469 6f6e 5f74 6974 6c65 3a20 3163 392e tion_title: 1c9.\n+0006df80: 2920 696e 2074 6865 2074 6f70 206c 6576 ) in the top lev\n+0006df90: 656c 206f 6620 7468 6520 736f 7572 6365 el of the source\n+0006dfa0: 2074 7265 652e 0a0a 5468 6973 2069 7320 tree...This is \n+0006dfb0: 7573 7561 6c6c 7920 646f 6e65 206a 7573 usually done jus\n+0006dfc0: 7420 6265 666f 7265 2074 6865 2066 696c t before the fil\n+0006dfd0: 6573 2061 6e64 2064 6972 6563 746f 7269 es and directori\n+0006dfe0: 6573 2069 6e20 7468 650a 7465 6d70 6f72 es in the.tempor\n+0006dff0: 6172 7920 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7472 ary directory tr\n+0006e000: 6565 2077 6865 7265 2074 6865 2070 6163 ee where the pac\n+0006e010: 6b61 6765 2069 7320 6265 696e 6720 6275 kage is being bu\n+0006e020: 696c 7420 6861 7665 2074 6865 6972 0a70 ilt have their.p\n+0006e030: 6572 6d69 7373 696f 6e73 2061 6e64 206f ermissions and o\n+0006e040: 776e 6572 7368 6970 7320 7365 7420 616e wnerships set an\n+0006e050: 6420 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 d the package is\n+0006e060: 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 6374 6564 2075 7369 constructed usi\n+0006e070: 6e67 0ae2 8098 6470 6b67 2d64 6562 2fe2 ng....dpkg-deb/.\n+0006e080: 8099 2e20 2028 3129 0a0a e280 9864 706b ... 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\n+0006e710: 6164 6473 2061 2066 696c 6520 746f 2064 adds a file to d\n+0006e720: 6562 6961 6e2f 6669 6c65 732c 2020 4e65 ebian/files, Ne\n+0006e730: 7874 3a20 6470 6b67 2d67 656e 6368 616e xt: dpkg-genchan\n+0006e740: 6765 7320 2d20 6765 6e65 7261 7465 7320 ges - generates \n+0006e750: 6120 6368 616e 6765 7320 7570 6c6f 6164 a changes upload\n+0006e760: 2063 6f6e 7472 6f6c 2066 696c 652c 2020 control file, \n+0006e770: 5072 6576 3a20 6470 6b67 2d73 686c 6962 Prev: dpkg-shlib\n+0006e780: 6465 7073 202d 2063 616c 6375 6c61 7465 deps - calculate\n+0006e790: 7320 7368 6172 6564 206c 6962 7261 7279 s shared library\n+0006e7a0: 2064 6570 656e 6465 6e63 6965 732c 2020 dependencies, \n+0006e7b0: 5570 3a20 546f 6f6c 7320 666f 7220 7072 Up: Tools for pr\n+0006e7c0: 6f63 6573 7369 6e67 2073 6f75 7263 6520 ocessing source \n+0006e7d0: 7061 636b 6167 6573 0a0a 3135 2e31 2e35 packages..15.1.5\n+0006e7e0: 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d64 6973 7461 6464 ...dpkg-distadd\n+0006e7f0: 6669 6c65 e280 9920 2d20 6164 6473 2061 file... - adds a\n+0006e800: 2066 696c 6520 746f 20e2 8098 6465 6269 file to ...debi\n+0006e810: 616e 2f66 696c 6573 e280 990a 2d2d 2d2d an/files....----\n+0006e820: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0006e830: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0006e840: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+0006e850: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a53 6f6d 6520 7061 636b -----..Some pack\n+0006e860: 6167 6573 e280 9920 7570 6c6f 6164 7320 ages... uploads \n+0006e870: 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 696e 636c 7564 6520 need to include \n+0006e880: 6669 6c65 7320 6f74 6865 7220 7468 616e files other than\n+0006e890: 2074 6865 2073 6f75 7263 6520 616e 640a the source and.\n+0006e8a0: 6269 6e61 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2066 binary package f\n+0006e8b0: 696c 6573 2e0a 0ae2 8098 6470 6b67 2d64 iles......dpkg-d\n+0006e8c0: 6973 7461 6464 6669 6c65 e280 9920 6164 istaddfile... ad\n+0006e8d0: 6473 2061 2066 696c 6520 746f 2074 6865 ds a file to the\n+0006e8e0: 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f66 696c 6573 ...debian/files\n+0006e8f0: e280 9920 6669 6c65 2073 6f20 7468 6174 ... file so that\n+0006e900: 2069 740a 7769 6c6c 2062 6520 696e 636c it.will be incl\n+0006e910: 7564 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6520 e280 982e uded in the ....\n+0006e920: 6368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 changes... file \n+0006e930: 7768 656e 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d67 656e when ...dpkg-gen\n+0006e940: 6368 616e 6765 73e2 8099 2069 7320 7275 changes... is ru\n+0006e950: 6e2e 0a0a 4974 2069 7320 7573 7561 6c6c n...It is usuall\n+0006e960: 7920 696e 766f 6b65 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 y invoked from t\n+0006e970: 6865 20e2 8098 6269 6e61 7279 e280 9920 he ...binary... \n+0006e980: 7461 7267 6574 206f 6620 e280 9864 6562 target of ...deb\n+0006e990: 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 3a0a 0a20 ian/rules...:.. \n+0006e9a0: 2020 2020 6470 6b67 2d64 6973 7461 6464 dpkg-distadd\n+0006e9b0: 6669 6c65 2066 696c 656e 616d 6520 7365 file filename se\n+0006e9c0: 6374 696f 6e20 7072 696f 7269 7479 0a0a ction priority..\n+0006e9d0: 5468 6520 6669 6c65 6e61 6d65 2069 7320 The filename is \n+0006e9e0: 7265 6c61 7469 7665 2074 6f20 7468 6520 relative to the \n+0006e9f0: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 7920 7768 6572 6520 directory where \n+0006ea00: e280 9864 706b 672d 6765 6e63 6861 6e67 ...dpkg-genchang\n+0006ea10: 6573 e280 9920 7769 6c6c 0a65 7870 6563 es... will.expec\n+0006ea20: 7420 746f 2066 696e 6420 6974 202d 2074 t to find it - 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The ...deb\n+0006ea80: 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 8099 2074 6172 ian/rules... tar\n+0006ea90: 6765 7420 7368 6f75 6c64 2070 7574 2074 get should put t\n+0006eaa0: 6865 2066 696c 6520 7468 6572 650a 6a75 he file there.ju\n+0006eab0: 7374 2062 6566 6f72 6520 6f72 206a 7573 st before or jus\n+0006eac0: 7420 6166 7465 7220 6361 6c6c 696e 6720 t after calling \n+0006ead0: e280 9864 706b 672d 6469 7374 6164 6466 ...dpkg-distaddf\n+0006eae0: 696c 65e2 8099 2e0a 0a54 6865 2073 6563 ile......The sec\n+0006eaf0: 7469 6f6e 2061 6e64 2070 7269 6f72 6974 tion and priorit\n+0006eb00: 7920 6172 6520 7061 7373 6564 2075 6e63 y are passed unc\n+0006eb10: 6861 6e67 6564 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 6520 hanged into the \n+0006eb20: 7265 7375 6c74 696e 670a e280 982e 6368 resulting.....ch\n+0006eb30: 616e 6765 73e2 8099 2066 696c 652e 0a0a anges... file...\n+0006eb40: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n+0006eb50: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n+0006eb60: 653a 2064 706b 672d 6765 6e63 6861 6e67 e: dpkg-genchang\n+0006eb70: 6573 202d 2067 656e 6572 6174 6573 2061 es - 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The direc\n+0006f8e0: 746f 7279 20e2 8098 746d 70e2 8099 2073 tory ...tmp... s\n+0006f8f0: 6572 7665 7320 6173 2074 6865 2072 6f6f erves as the roo\n+0006f900: 740a 6f66 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 7379 t.of the file sy\n+0006f910: 7374 656d 2074 7265 6520 6173 2069 7420 stem tree as it \n+0006f920: 6973 2062 6569 6e67 2063 6f6e 7374 7275 is being constru\n+0006f930: 6374 6564 2028 666f 7220 6578 616d 706c cted (for exampl\n+0006f940: 652c 2062 790a 7573 696e 6720 7468 6520 e, by.using the \n+0006f950: 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 7320 7570 7374 package...s upst\n+0006f960: 7265 616d 206d 616b 6566 696c 6573 2069 ream makefiles i\n+0006f970: 6e73 7461 6c6c 2074 6172 6765 7473 2061 nstall targets a\n+0006f980: 6e64 2072 6564 6972 6563 7469 6e67 0a74 nd redirecting.t\n+0006f990: 6865 206f 7574 7075 7420 7468 6572 6529 he output there)\n+0006f9a0: 2c20 616e 6420 6974 2061 6c73 6f20 636f , and it also co\n+0006f9b0: 6e74 6169 6e73 2074 6865 20e2 8098 4445 ntains the ...DE\n+0006f9c0: 4249 414e e280 9920 7375 6264 6972 6563 BIAN... subdirec\n+0006f9d0: 746f 7279 2e20 2053 6565 0a2a 6e6f 7465 tory. 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See *note \n+0006fef0: 4465 6269 616e 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7061 Debian source pa\n+0006ff00: 636b 6167 6520 636f 6e74 726f 6c20 6669 ckage control fi\n+0006ff10: 6c65 7320 e280 930a 2020 2020 202e 6473 les .... .ds\n+0006ff20: 633a 2036 332e 0a0a 4f72 6967 696e 616c c: 63...Original\n+0006ff30: 2073 6f75 7263 6520 6172 6368 6976 6520 source archive \n+0006ff40: 2d20 e280 9870 6163 6b61 6765 5f75 7073 - ...package_ups\n+0006ff50: 7472 6561 6d2d 7665 7273 696f 6e2e 6f72 tream-version.or\n+0006ff60: 6967 2e74 6172 2e67 7ae2 8099 0a0a 2020 ig.tar.gz..... \n+0006ff70: 2020 2054 6869 7320 6973 2061 2063 6f6d This is a com\n+0006ff80: 7072 6573 7365 6420 2877 6974 6820 e280 pressed (with ..\n+0006ff90: 9867 7a69 7020 2d39 e280 9929 20e2 8098 .gzip -9...) ...\n+0006ffa0: 7461 72e2 8099 2066 696c 6520 636f 6e74 tar... file cont\n+0006ffb0: 6169 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 0a20 2020 2020 aining the. \n+0006ffc0: 736f 7572 6365 2063 6f64 6520 6672 6f6d source code from\n+0006ffd0: 2074 6865 2075 7073 7472 6561 6d20 6175 the upstream au\n+0006ffe0: 7468 6f72 7320 6f66 2074 6865 2070 726f thors of the pro\n+0006fff0: 6772 616d 2e0a 0a44 6562 6961 6e20 7061 gram...Debian pa\n+00070000: 636b 6167 6520 6469 6666 202d 20e2 8098 ckage diff - ...\n+00070010: 7061 636b 6167 655f 7570 7374 7265 616d package_upstream\n+00070020: 5f76 6572 7369 6f6e 2d72 6576 6973 696f _version-revisio\n+00070030: 6e2e 6469 6666 2e67 7ae2 8099 0a0a 2020 n.diff.gz..... \n+00070040: 2020 2054 6869 7320 6973 2061 2075 6e69 This is a uni\n+00070050: 6669 6564 2063 6f6e 7465 7874 2064 6966 fied context dif\n+00070060: 6620 28e2 8098 6469 6666 202d 75e2 8099 f (...diff -u...\n+00070070: 2920 6769 7669 6e67 2074 6865 2063 6861 ) giving the cha\n+00070080: 6e67 6573 2077 6869 6368 0a20 2020 2020 nges which. \n+00070090: 6172 6520 7265 7175 6972 6564 2074 6f20 are required to \n+000700a0: 7475 726e 2074 6865 206f 7269 6769 6e61 turn the origina\n+000700b0: 6c20 736f 7572 6365 2069 6e74 6f20 7468 l source into th\n+000700c0: 6520 4465 6269 616e 2073 6f75 7263 652e e Debian source.\n+000700d0: 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6573 6520 6368 616e . These chan\n+000700e0: 6765 7320 6d61 7920 6f6e 6c79 2069 6e63 ges may only inc\n+000700f0: 6c75 6465 2065 6469 7469 6e67 2061 6e64 lude editing and\n+00070100: 2063 7265 6174 696e 6720 706c 6169 6e20 creating plain \n+00070110: 6669 6c65 732e 0a20 2020 2020 5468 6520 files.. 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(\n+00070d70: 6569 7468 6572 2069 6e20 7468 6520 6f72 either in the or\n+00070d80: 6967 696e 616c 206f 7220 7468 6520 6d6f iginal or the mo\n+00070d90: 6469 6669 6564 2073 6f75 7263 6520 7472 dified source tr\n+00070da0: 6565 292e 0a0a 4368 616e 6765 7320 7768 ee)...Changes wh\n+00070db0: 6963 6820 6172 6520 6e6f 7420 7265 7072 ich are not repr\n+00070dc0: 6573 656e 7465 642c 2062 7574 2077 6869 esented, but whi\n+00070dd0: 6368 2061 7265 206e 6f74 2064 6574 6563 ch are not detec\n+00070de0: 7465 6420 6279 0ae2 8098 6470 6b67 2d73 ted by....dpkg-s\n+00070df0: 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 2c20 6172 653a 0a0a ource..., are:..\n+00070e00: 2020 202d 2043 6861 6e67 696e 6720 7468 - Changing th\n+00070e10: 6520 7065 726d 6973 7369 6f6e 7320 6f66 e permissions of\n+00070e20: 2066 696c 6573 2028 6f74 6865 7220 7468 files (other th\n+00070e30: 616e 20e2 8098 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c an ...debian/rul\n+00070e40: 6573 e280 9929 2061 6e64 0a20 2020 2020 es...) and. \n+00070e50: 6469 7265 6374 6f72 6965 732e 0a0a 5468 directories...Th\n+00070e60: 6520 e280 9864 6562 6961 6ee2 8099 2064 e ...debian... d\n+00070e70: 6972 6563 746f 7279 2061 6e64 20e2 8098 irectory and ...\n+00070e80: 6465 6269 616e 2f72 756c 6573 e280 9920 debian/rules... \n+00070e90: 6172 6520 6861 6e64 6c65 6420 7370 6563 are handled spec\n+00070ea0: 6961 6c6c 7920 6279 0ae2 8098 6470 6b67 ially by....dpkg\n+00070eb0: 2d73 6f75 7263 65e2 8099 202d 2062 6566 -source... - bef\n+00070ec0: 6f72 6520 6170 706c 7969 6e67 2074 6865 ore applying the\n+00070ed0: 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2069 7420 7769 6c6c changes it will\n+00070ee0: 2063 7265 6174 6520 7468 6520 e280 9864 create the ...d\n+00070ef0: 6562 6961 6ee2 8099 0a64 6972 6563 746f ebian....directo\n+00070f00: 7279 2c20 616e 6420 6166 7465 7277 6172 ry, and afterwar\n+00070f10: 6473 2069 7420 7769 6c6c 206d 616b 6520 ds it will make \n+00070f20: e280 9864 6562 6961 6e2f 7275 6c65 73e2 ...debian/rules.\n+00070f30: 8099 2077 6f72 6c64 2d65 7865 6375 7461 .. world-executa\n+00070f40: 626c 652e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ble... -------\n+00070f50: 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 2d2d --- Footnotes --\n+00070f60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 3129 --------.. (1)\n+00070f70: 2054 6869 7320 6973 206e 6f74 2063 7572 This is not cur\n+00070f80: 7265 6e74 6c79 2064 6574 6563 7465 6420 rently detected \n+00070f90: 7768 656e 2062 7569 6c64 696e 6720 736f when building so\n+00070fa0: 7572 6365 2070 6163 6b61 6765 732c 2062 urce packages, b\n+00070fb0: 7574 0a6f 6e6c 7920 7768 656e 2065 7874 ut.only when ext\n+00070fc0: 7261 6374 696e 6720 7468 656d 2e0a 0a20 racting them... \n+00070fd0: 2020 2832 2920 4861 7264 206c 696e 6b73 (2) Hard links\n+00070fe0: 206d 6179 2062 6520 7065 726d 6974 7465 may be permitte\n+00070ff0: 6420 6174 2073 6f6d 6520 706f 696e 7420 d at some point \n+00071000: 696e 2074 6865 2066 7574 7572 652c 2062 in the future, b\n+00071010: 7574 0a77 6f75 6c64 2072 6571 7569 7265 ut.would require\n+00071020: 2061 2066 6169 7220 616d 6f75 6e74 206f a fair amount o\n+00071030: 6620 776f 726b 2e0a 0a20 2020 2833 2920 f work... 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See *note.B\n+00073f00: 696e 6172 7920 7061 636b 6167 6573 3a20 inary packages: \n+00073f10: 3333 2e20 666f 7220 6d6f 7265 2069 6e66 33. for more inf\n+00073f20: 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c ormation.....Fil\n+00073f30: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n+00073f40: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4469 .info, Node: Di\n+00073f50: 7665 7273 696f 6e73 202d 206f 7665 7272 versions - overr\n+00073f60: 6964 696e 6720 6120 7061 636b 6167 65e2 iding a package.\n+00073f70: 8099 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 ..s version of a\n+00073f80: 2066 696c 6520 6672 6f6d 206f 6c64 2050 file from old P\n+00073f90: 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 204d 616e 7561 6c2c ackaging Manual,\n+00073fa0: 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 4465 6269 616e 2050 Next: Debian P\n+00073fb0: 6f6c 6963 7920 6368 616e 6765 7320 7072 olicy changes pr\n+00073fc0: 6f63 6573 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 416c ocess, Prev: Al\n+00073fd0: 7465 726e 6174 6976 6520 7665 7273 696f ternative versio\n+00073fe0: 6e73 206f 6620 616e 2069 6e74 6572 6661 ns of an interfa\n+00073ff0: 6365 202d 2075 7064 6174 652d 616c 7465 ce - update-alte\n+00074000: 726e 6174 6976 6573 2066 726f 6d20 6f6c rnatives from ol\n+00074010: 6420 5061 636b 6167 696e 6720 4d61 6e75 d Packaging Manu\n+00074020: 616c 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3139 al, Up: Top..19\n+00074030: 2044 6976 6572 7369 6f6e 7320 2d20 6f76 Diversions - ov\n+00074040: 6572 7269 6469 6e67 2061 2070 6163 6b61 erriding a packa\n+00074050: 6765 e280 9973 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 206f ge...s version o\n+00074060: 6620 6120 6669 6c65 2028 6672 6f6d 206f f a file (from o\n+00074070: 6c64 2050 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 204d 616e ld Packaging Man\n+00074080: 7561 6c29 0a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ual).***********\n+00074090: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+000740a0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+000740b0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+000740c0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+000740d0: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a49 7420 6973 *********..It is\n+000740e0: 2070 6f73 7369 626c 6520 746f 2068 6176 possible to hav\n+000740f0: 6520 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 206e 6f74 e ...dpkg... not\n+00074100: 206f 7665 7277 7269 7465 2061 2066 696c overwrite a fil\n+00074110: 6520 7768 656e 2069 7420 7265 696e 7374 e when it reinst\n+00074120: 616c 6c73 0a74 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 alls.the package\n+00074130: 2069 7420 6265 6c6f 6e67 7320 746f 2c20 it belongs to, \n+00074140: 616e 6420 746f 2068 6176 6520 6974 2070 and to have it p\n+00074150: 7574 2074 6865 2066 696c 6520 6672 6f6d ut the file from\n+00074160: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a73 6f6d the package.som\n+00074170: 6577 6865 7265 2065 6c73 6520 696e 7374 ewhere else inst\n+00074180: 6561 642e 0a0a 5468 6973 2063 616e 2062 ead...This can b\n+00074190: 6520 7573 6564 206c 6f63 616c 6c79 2074 e used locally t\n+000741a0: 6f20 6f76 6572 7269 6465 2061 2070 6163 o override a pac\n+000741b0: 6b61 6765 e280 9973 2076 6572 7369 6f6e kage...s version\n+000741c0: 206f 6620 6120 6669 6c65 2c20 6f72 0a62 of a file, or.b\n+000741d0: 7920 6f6e 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 746f y one package to\n+000741e0: 206f 7665 7272 6964 6520 616e 6f74 6865 override anothe\n+000741f0: 72e2 8099 7320 7665 7273 696f 6e20 286f r...s version (o\n+00074200: 7220 7072 6f76 6964 6520 6120 7772 6170 r provide a wrap\n+00074210: 7065 7220 666f 720a 6974 292e 0a0a 4265 per for.it)...Be\n+00074220: 666f 7265 2064 6563 6964 696e 6720 746f fore deciding to\n+00074230: 2075 7365 2061 2064 6976 6572 7369 6f6e use a diversion\n+00074240: 2c20 7265 6164 202a 6e6f 7465 2041 6c74 , read *note Alt\n+00074250: 6572 6e61 7469 7665 2076 6572 7369 6f6e ernative version\n+00074260: 7320 6f66 0a61 6e20 696e 7465 7266 6163 s of.an interfac\n+00074270: 6520 2d20 7570 6461 7465 2d61 6c74 6572 e - update-alter\n+00074280: 6e61 7469 7665 7320 2866 726f 6d20 6f6c natives (from ol\n+00074290: 6420 5061 636b 6167 696e 6720 4d61 6e75 d Packaging Manu\n+000742a0: 616c 293a 2031 6639 2e20 746f 0a73 6565 al): 1f9. to.see\n+000742b0: 2069 6620 796f 7520 7265 616c 6c79 2077 if you really w\n+000742c0: 616e 7420 6120 6469 7665 7273 696f 6e20 ant a diversion \n+000742d0: 7261 7468 6572 2074 6861 6e20 7365 7665 rather than seve\n+000742e0: 7261 6c20 616c 7465 726e 6174 6976 650a ral alternative.\n+000742f0: 7665 7273 696f 6e73 206f 6620 6120 7072 versions of a pr\n+00074300: 6f67 7261 6d2e 0a0a 5468 6572 6520 6973 ogram...There is\n+00074310: 2061 2064 6976 6572 7369 6f6e 206c 6973 a diversion lis\n+00074320: 742c 2077 6869 6368 2069 7320 7265 6164 t, which is read\n+00074330: 2062 7920 e280 9864 706b 67e2 8099 2c20 by ...dpkg..., \n+00074340: 616e 6420 7570 6461 7465 6420 6279 2061 and updated by a\n+00074350: 0a73 7065 6369 616c 2070 726f 6772 616d .special program\n+00074360: 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 2d64 6976 6572 74e2 ...dpkg-divert.\n+00074370: 8099 2e20 2050 6c65 6173 6520 7365 6520 ... Please see \n+00074380: e280 9864 706b 672d 6469 7665 7274 2838 ...dpkg-divert(8\n+00074390: 29e2 8099 2066 6f72 2066 756c 6c0a 6465 )... for full.de\n+000743a0: 7461 696c 7320 6f66 2069 7473 206f 7065 tails of its ope\n+000743b0: 7261 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a57 6865 6e20 6120 ration...When a \n+000743c0: 7061 636b 6167 6520 7769 7368 6573 2074 package wishes t\n+000743d0: 6f20 6469 7665 7274 2061 2066 696c 6520 o divert a file \n+000743e0: 6672 6f6d 2061 6e6f 7468 6572 2c20 6974 from another, it\n+000743f0: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6361 6c6c 0ae2 8098 should call....\n+00074400: 6470 6b67 2d64 6976 6572 74e2 8099 2069 dpkg-divert... i\n+00074410: 6e20 6974 7320 7072 6569 6e73 7420 746f n its preinst to\n+00074420: 2061 6464 2074 6865 2064 6976 6572 7369 add the diversi\n+00074430: 6f6e 2061 6e64 2072 656e 616d 6520 7468 on and rename th\n+00074440: 650a 6578 6973 7469 6e67 2066 696c 652e e.existing file.\n+00074450: 2020 466f 7220 6578 616d 706c 652c 2073 For example, s\n+00074460: 7570 706f 7369 6e67 2074 6861 7420 6120 upposing that a \n+00074470: e280 9873 6d61 696c 7772 6170 7065 72e2 ...smailwrapper.\n+00074480: 8099 2070 6163 6b61 6765 0a77 6973 6865 .. package.wishe\n+00074490: 7320 746f 2069 6e73 7461 6c6c 2061 2077 s to install a w\n+000744a0: 7261 7070 6572 2061 726f 756e 6420 e280 rapper around ..\n+000744b0: 982f 7573 722f 7362 696e 2f73 6d61 696c ./usr/sbin/smail\n+000744c0: e280 993a 0a0a 2020 2020 2064 706b 672d ...:.. dpkg-\n+000744d0: 6469 7665 7274 202d 2d70 6163 6b61 6765 divert --package\n+000744e0: 2073 6d61 696c 7772 6170 7065 7220 2d2d smailwrapper --\n+000744f0: 6164 6420 2d2d 7265 6e61 6d65 205c 0a20 add --rename \\. \n+00074500: 2020 2020 2020 2020 2d2d 6469 7665 7274 --divert\n+00074510: 202f 7573 722f 7362 696e 2f73 6d61 696c /usr/sbin/smail\n+00074520: 2e72 6561 6c20 2f75 7372 2f73 6269 6e2f .real /usr/sbin/\n+00074530: 736d 6169 6c0a 0a54 6865 20e2 8098 2d2d smail..The ...--\n+00074540: 7061 636b 6167 6520 736d 6169 6c77 7261 package smailwra\n+00074550: 7070 6572 e280 9920 656e 7375 7265 7320 pper... ensures \n+00074560: 7468 6174 20e2 8098 736d 6169 6c77 7261 that ...smailwra\n+00074570: 7070 6572 e280 99e2 8099 7320 636f 7079 pper......s copy\n+00074580: 206f 660a e280 982f 7573 722f 7362 696e of..../usr/sbin\n+00074590: 2f73 6d61 696c e280 9920 6361 6e20 6279 /smail... can by\n+000745a0: 7061 7373 2074 6865 2064 6976 6572 7369 pass the diversi\n+000745b0: 6f6e 2061 6e64 2067 6574 2069 6e73 7461 on and get insta\n+000745c0: 6c6c 6564 2061 7320 7468 6520 7472 7565 lled as the true\n+000745d0: 0a76 6572 7369 6f6e 2e20 2049 74e2 8099 .version. It...\n+000745e0: 7320 7361 6665 2074 6f20 6164 6420 7468 s safe to add th\n+000745f0: 6520 6469 7665 7273 696f 6e20 756e 636f e diversion unco\n+00074600: 6e64 6974 696f 6e61 6c6c 7920 6f6e 2075 nditionally on u\n+00074610: 7067 7261 6465 730a 7369 6e63 6520 6974 pgrades.since it\n+00074620: 2077 696c 6c20 6265 206c 6566 7420 756e will be left un\n+00074630: 6368 616e 6765 6420 6966 2069 7420 616c changed if it al\n+00074640: 7265 6164 7920 6578 6973 7473 2c20 6275 ready exists, bu\n+00074650: 7420 e280 9864 706b 672d 6469 7665 7274 t ...dpkg-divert\n+00074660: e280 990a 7769 6c6c 2064 6973 706c 6179 ....will display\n+00074670: 2061 206d 6573 7361 6765 2e20 2054 6f20 a message. To \n+00074680: 7375 7070 7265 7373 2074 6861 7420 6d65 suppress that me\n+00074690: 7373 6167 652c 206d 616b 6520 7468 6520 ssage, make the \n+000746a0: 636f 6d6d 616e 640a 636f 6e64 6974 696f command.conditio\n+000746b0: 6e61 6c20 6f6e 2074 6865 2076 6572 7369 nal on the versi\n+000746c0: 6f6e 2066 726f 6d20 7768 6963 6820 7468 on from which th\n+000746d0: 6520 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2062 6569 e package is bei\n+000746e0: 6e67 2075 7067 7261 6465 643a 0a0a 2020 ng upgraded:.. \n+000746f0: 2020 2069 6620 5b20 7570 6772 6164 6520 if [ upgrade \n+00074700: 213d 2022 2431 2220 5d20 7c7c 2064 706b != \"$1\" ] || dpk\n+00074710: 6720 2d2d 636f 6d70 6172 652d 7665 7273 g --compare-vers\n+00074720: 696f 6e73 2022 2432 2220 6c74 2031 2e30 ions \"$2\" lt 1.0\n+00074730: 2d32 3b20 7468 656e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 -2; then. \n+00074740: 2020 6470 6b67 2d64 6976 6572 7420 2d2d dpkg-divert --\n+00074750: 7061 636b 6167 6520 736d 6169 6c77 7261 package smailwra\n+00074760: 7070 6572 202d 2d61 6464 202d 2d72 656e pper --add --ren\n+00074770: 616d 6520 5c0a 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 ame \\. \n+00074780: 2020 202d 2d64 6976 6572 7420 2f75 7372 --divert /usr\n+00074790: 2f73 6269 6e2f 736d 6169 6c2e 7265 616c /sbin/smail.real\n+000747a0: 202f 7573 722f 7362 696e 2f73 6d61 696c /usr/sbin/smail\n+000747b0: 0a20 2020 2020 6669 0a0a 7768 6572 6520 . fi..where \n+000747c0: e280 9831 2e30 2d32 e280 9920 6973 2074 ...1.0-2... is t\n+000747d0: 6865 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2061 7420 7768 he version at wh\n+000747e0: 6963 6820 7468 6520 6469 7665 7273 696f ich the diversio\n+000747f0: 6e20 7761 7320 6669 7273 7420 6164 6465 n was first adde\n+00074800: 6420 746f 0a74 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6765 d to.the package\n+00074810: 2e20 2052 756e 6e69 6e67 2074 6865 2063 . Running the c\n+00074820: 6f6d 6d61 6e64 2064 7572 696e 6720 6162 ommand during ab\n+00074830: 6f72 742d 7570 6772 6164 6520 6973 2070 ort-upgrade is p\n+00074840: 6f69 6e74 6c65 7373 2062 7574 0a68 6172 ointless but.har\n+00074850: 6d6c 6573 732e 0a0a 5468 6520 706f 7374 mless...The post\n+00074860: 726d 2068 6173 2074 6f20 646f 2074 6865 rm has to do the\n+00074870: 2072 6576 6572 7365 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 reverse:.. \n+00074880: 6966 205b 2072 656d 6f76 6520 3d20 2224 if [ remove = \"$\n+00074890: 3122 202d 6f20 6162 6f72 742d 696e 7374 1\" -o abort-inst\n+000748a0: 616c 6c20 3d20 2224 3122 202d 6f20 6469 all = \"$1\" -o di\n+000748b0: 7361 7070 6561 7220 3d20 2224 3122 205d sappear = \"$1\" ]\n+000748c0: 3b20 7468 656e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 ; then. \n+000748d0: 6470 6b67 2d64 6976 6572 7420 2d2d 7061 dpkg-divert --pa\n+000748e0: 636b 6167 6520 736d 6169 6c77 7261 7070 ckage smailwrapp\n+000748f0: 6572 202d 2d72 656d 6f76 6520 2d2d 7265 er --remove --re\n+00074900: 6e61 6d65 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 name \\. \n+00074910: 2020 2020 2d2d 6469 7665 7274 202f 7573 --divert /us\n+00074920: 722f 7362 696e 2f73 6d61 696c 2e72 6561 r/sbin/smail.rea\n+00074930: 6c20 2f75 7372 2f73 6269 6e2f 736d 6169 l /usr/sbin/smai\n+00074940: 6c0a 2020 2020 2066 690a 0a49 6620 7468 l. fi..If th\n+00074950: 6520 6469 7665 7273 696f 6e20 7761 7320 e diversion was \n+00074960: 6164 6465 6420 6174 2061 2070 6172 7469 added at a parti\n+00074970: 6375 6c61 7220 7665 7273 696f 6e2c 2074 cular version, t\n+00074980: 6865 2070 6f73 7472 6d20 7368 6f75 6c64 he postrm should\n+00074990: 0a61 6c73 6f20 6861 6e64 6c65 2074 6865 .also handle the\n+000749a0: 2066 6169 6c75 7265 2063 6173 6520 6f66 failure case of\n+000749b0: 2075 7067 7261 6469 6e67 2066 726f 6d20 upgrading from \n+000749c0: 616e 206f 6c64 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e an older version\n+000749d0: 2028 756e 6c65 7373 0a74 6865 206f 6c64 (unless.the old\n+000749e0: 6572 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2069 7320 736f er version is so\n+000749f0: 206f 6c64 2074 6861 7420 6469 7265 6374 old that direct\n+00074a00: 2075 7067 7261 6465 7320 6172 6520 6e6f upgrades are no\n+00074a10: 206c 6f6e 6765 720a 7375 7070 6f72 7465 longer.supporte\n+00074a20: 6429 3a0a 0a20 2020 2020 6966 205b 2061 d):.. if [ a\n+00074a30: 626f 7274 2d75 7067 7261 6465 203d 2022 bort-upgrade = \"\n+00074a40: 2431 2220 5d20 2626 2064 706b 6720 2d2d $1\" ] && dpkg --\n+00074a50: 636f 6d70 6172 652d 7665 7273 696f 6e73 compare-versions\n+00074a60: 2022 2432 2220 6c74 2031 2e30 2d32 3b20 \"$2\" lt 1.0-2; \n+00074a70: 7468 656e 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 6470 then. dp\n+00074a80: 6b67 2d64 6976 6572 7420 2d2d 7061 636b kg-divert --pack\n+00074a90: 6167 6520 736d 6169 6c77 7261 7070 6572 age smailwrapper\n+00074aa0: 202d 2d72 656d 6f76 6520 2d2d 7265 6e61 --remove --rena\n+00074ab0: 6d65 205c 0a20 2020 2020 2020 2020 2020 me \\. \n+00074ac0: 2020 2d2d 6469 7665 7274 202f 7573 722f --divert /usr/\n+00074ad0: 7362 696e 2f73 6d61 696c 2e72 6561 6c20 sbin/smail.real \n+00074ae0: 2f75 7372 2f73 6269 6e2f 736d 6169 6c0a /usr/sbin/smail.\n+00074af0: 2020 2020 2066 690a 0a77 6865 7265 20e2 fi..where .\n+00074b00: 8098 312e 302d 32e2 8099 2069 7320 7468 ..1.0-2... is th\n+00074b10: 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6174 2077 6869 e version at whi\n+00074b20: 6368 2074 6865 2064 6976 6572 7369 6f6e ch the diversion\n+00074b30: 2077 6173 2066 6972 7374 2061 6464 6564 was first added\n+00074b40: 2074 6f0a 7468 6520 7061 636b 6167 652e to.the package.\n+00074b50: 2020 5468 6520 706f 7374 726d 2073 686f The postrm sho\n+00074b60: 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 7265 6d6f 7665 2074 uld not remove t\n+00074b70: 6865 2064 6976 6572 7369 6f6e 206f 6e20 he diversion on \n+00074b80: 7570 6772 6164 6573 0a62 6f74 6820 6265 upgrades.both be\n+00074b90: 6361 7573 6520 7468 6572 65e2 8099 7320 cause there...s \n+00074ba0: 6e6f 2072 6561 736f 6e20 746f 2072 656d no reason to rem\n+00074bb0: 6f76 6520 7468 6520 6469 7665 7273 696f ove the diversio\n+00074bc0: 6e20 6f6e 6c79 2074 6f0a 696d 6d65 6469 n only to.immedi\n+00074bd0: 6174 656c 7920 7265 2d61 6464 2069 7420 ately re-add it \n+00074be0: 616e 6420 7369 6e63 6520 7468 6520 706f and since the po\n+00074bf0: 7374 726d 206f 6620 7468 6520 6f6c 6420 strm of the old \n+00074c00: 7061 636b 6167 6520 6973 2072 756e 0a61 package is run.a\n+00074c10: 6674 6572 2075 6e70 6163 6b69 6e67 2073 fter unpacking s\n+00074c20: 6f20 7468 6520 7265 6d6f 7661 6c20 6f66 o the removal of\n+00074c30: 2074 6865 2064 6976 6572 7369 6f6e 2077 the diversion w\n+00074c40: 696c 6c20 6661 696c 2e0a 0a44 6f20 6e6f ill fail...Do no\n+00074c50: 7420 6174 7465 6d70 7420 746f 2064 6976 t attempt to div\n+00074c60: 6572 7420 6120 6669 6c65 2077 6869 6368 ert a file which\n+00074c70: 2069 7320 7669 7461 6c6c 7920 696d 706f is vitally impo\n+00074c80: 7274 616e 7420 666f 7220 7468 650a 7379 rtant for the.sy\n+00074c90: 7374 656d e280 9973 206f 7065 7261 7469 stem...s operati\n+00074ca0: 6f6e 202d 2077 6865 6e20 7573 696e 6720 on - when using \n+00074cb0: e280 9864 706b 672d 6469 7665 7274 e280 ...dpkg-divert..\n+00074cc0: 9920 7468 6572 6520 6973 2061 2074 696d . there is a tim\n+00074cd0: 652c 2061 6674 6572 2069 740a 6861 7320 e, after it.has \n+00074ce0: 6265 656e 2064 6976 6572 7465 6420 6275 been diverted bu\n+00074cf0: 7420 6265 666f 7265 20e2 8098 6470 6b67 t before ...dpkg\n+00074d00: e280 9920 6861 7320 696e 7374 616c 6c65 ... has installe\n+00074d10: 6420 7468 6520 6e65 7720 7665 7273 696f d the new versio\n+00074d20: 6e2c 2077 6865 6e0a 7468 6520 6669 6c65 n, when.the file\n+00074d30: 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6578 6973 742e does not exist.\n+00074d40: 0a0a 446f 206e 6f74 2061 7474 656d 7074 ..Do not attempt\n+00074d50: 2074 6f20 6469 7665 7274 2061 2063 6f6e to divert a con\n+00074d60: 6666 696c 652c 2061 7320 e280 9864 706b ffile, as ...dpk\n+00074d70: 67e2 8099 2064 6f65 7320 6e6f 7420 6861 g... does not ha\n+00074d80: 6e64 6c65 2069 7420 7765 6c6c 2e0a 0a44 ndle it well...D\n+00074d90: 6f20 6e6f 7420 7573 6520 6469 7665 7273 o not use divers\n+00074da0: 696f 6e73 2066 6f72 2066 696c 6573 2074 ions for files t\n+00074db0: 6861 7420 6861 7665 2074 6865 6972 206f hat have their o\n+00074dc0: 776e 206e 6174 6976 6520 6f76 6572 7269 wn native overri\n+00074dd0: 6465 0a6d 6563 6861 6e69 736d 732c 2073 de.mechanisms, s\n+00074de0: 7563 6820 6173 20e2 8098 7379 7374 656d uch as ...system\n+00074df0: 64e2 8099 2075 6e69 7420 6669 6c65 732e d... unit files.\n+00074e00: 2020 5365 6520 2a6e 6f74 6520 4269 6e61 See *note Bina\n+00074e10: 7279 2070 6163 6b61 6765 733a 0a33 332e ry packages:.33.\n+00074e20: 2066 6f72 206d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d for more inform\n+00074e30: 6174 696f 6e2e 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 ation.....File: \n+00074e40: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+00074e50: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2044 6562 6961 fo, Node: Debia\n+00074e60: 6e20 506f 6c69 6379 2063 6861 6e67 6573 n Policy changes\n+00074e70: 2070 726f 6365 7373 2c20 204e 6578 743a process, Next:\n+00074e80: 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 Maintainer scri\n+00074e90: 7074 2066 6c6f 7763 6861 7274 732c 2020 pt flowcharts, \n+00074ea0: 5072 6576 3a20 4469 7665 7273 696f 6e73 Prev: Diversions\n+00074eb0: 202d 206f 7665 7272 6964 696e 6720 6120 - overriding a \n+00074ec0: 7061 636b 6167 65e2 8099 7320 7665 7273 package...s vers\n+00074ed0: 696f 6e20 6f66 2061 2066 696c 6520 6672 ion of a file fr\n+00074ee0: 6f6d 206f 6c64 2050 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 om old Packaging\n+00074ef0: 204d 616e 7561 6c2c 2020 5570 3a20 546f Manual, Up: To\n+00074f00: 700a 0a32 3020 4465 6269 616e 2050 6f6c p..20 Debian Pol\n+00074f10: 6963 7920 6368 616e 6765 7320 7072 6f63 icy changes proc\n+00074f20: 6573 730a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ess.************\n+00074f30: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+00074f40: 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a ****..* Menu:..*\n+00074f50: 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e3a 2049 Introduction: I\n+00074f60: 6e74 726f 6475 6374 696f 6e3c 333e 2e0a ntroduction<3>..\n+00074f70: 2a20 4368 616e 6765 2047 6f61 6c73 3a3a * Change Goals::\n+00074f80: 0a2a 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 6365 .* Current Proce\n+00074f90: 7373 3a3a 0a2a 204f 7468 6572 2054 6167 ss::.* Other Tag\n+00074fa0: 733a 3a0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 s::....File: deb\n+00074fb0: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c ian-policy.info,\n+00074fc0: 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 496e 7472 6f64 7563 Node: Introduc\n+00074fd0: 7469 6f6e 3c33 3e2c 2020 4e65 7874 3a20 tion<3>, Next: \n+00074fe0: 4368 616e 6765 2047 6f61 6c73 2c20 2055 Change Goals, U\n+00074ff0: 703a 2044 6562 6961 6e20 506f 6c69 6379 p: Debian Policy\n+00075000: 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2070 726f 6365 7373 changes process\n+00075010: 0a0a 3230 2e31 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 ..20.1 Introduct\n+00075020: 696f 6e0a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d ion.============\n+00075030: 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a54 6f20 696e 7472 6f64 =====..To introd\n+00075040: 7563 6520 6120 6368 616e 6765 2069 6e20 uce a change in \n+00075050: 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 4465 6269 the current Debi\n+00075060: 616e 2050 6f6c 6963 792c 2074 6865 2063 an Policy, the c\n+00075070: 6861 6e67 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 0a68 hange proposal.h\n+00075080: 6173 2074 6f20 676f 2074 6872 6f75 6768 as to go through\n+00075090: 2061 2063 6572 7461 696e 2070 726f 6365 a certain proce\n+000750a0: 7373 2e20 2028 3129 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d ss. (1).. ---\n+000750b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 ------- Footnote\n+000750c0: 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 s ----------.. \n+000750d0: 2028 3129 2054 6869 7320 7072 6f63 6573 (1) This proces\n+000750e0: 7320 7761 7320 6f72 6967 696e 616c 6c79 s was originally\n+000750f0: 2064 6576 656c 6f70 6564 2062 7920 4d61 developed by Ma\n+00075100: 7267 6172 6974 6120 4d61 6e74 6572 6f6c rgarita Manterol\n+00075110: 612c 0a43 6c69 6e74 2041 6461 6d73 2c20 a,.Clint Adams, \n+00075120: 5275 7373 2041 6c6c 6265 7279 2061 6e64 Russ Allbery and\n+00075130: 204d 616e 6f6a 2053 7269 7661 7374 6176 Manoj Srivastav\n+00075140: 612e 2020 496e 2032 3031 372c 2053 6561 a. In 2017, Sea\n+00075150: 6e20 5768 6974 746f 6e0a 6465 7072 6563 n Whitton.deprec\n+00075160: 6174 6564 2074 6865 20e2 8098 6973 7375 ated the ...issu\n+00075170: 65e2 8099 2075 7365 7274 6167 2061 6e64 e... usertag and\n+00075180: 2061 6464 6564 2075 7365 206f 6620 7468 added use of th\n+00075190: 6520 e280 986d 6f72 6569 6e66 6fe2 8099 e ...moreinfo...\n+000751a0: 2074 6167 2c0a 6166 7465 7220 6469 7363 tag,.after disc\n+000751b0: 7573 7369 6f6e 7320 6174 2044 6562 436f ussions at DebCo\n+000751c0: 6e66 3137 2e0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 nf17.....File: d\n+000751d0: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 ebian-policy.inf\n+000751e0: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 4368 616e 6765 o, Node: Change\n+000751f0: 2047 6f61 6c73 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2043 Goals, Next: C\n+00075200: 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 6365 7373 2c20 urrent Process, \n+00075210: 2050 7265 763a 2049 6e74 726f 6475 6374 Prev: Introduct\n+00075220: 696f 6e3c 333e 2c20 2055 703a 2044 6562 ion<3>, Up: Deb\n+00075230: 6961 6e20 506f 6c69 6379 2063 6861 6e67 ian Policy chang\n+00075240: 6573 2070 726f 6365 7373 0a0a 3230 2e32 es process..20.2\n+00075250: 2043 6861 6e67 6520 476f 616c 730a 3d3d Change Goals.==\n+00075260: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a ===============.\n+00075270: 0a20 2020 2d20 5468 6520 6368 616e 6765 . - The change\n+00075280: 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2074 6563 686e should be techn\n+00075290: 6963 616c 6c79 2063 6f72 7265 6374 2c20 ically correct, \n+000752a0: 616e 6420 636f 6e73 6973 7465 6e74 2077 and consistent w\n+000752b0: 6974 6820 7468 650a 2020 2020 2072 6573 ith the. res\n+000752c0: 7420 6f66 2074 6865 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 t of the policy \n+000752d0: 646f 6375 6d65 6e74 2e20 2054 6869 7320 document. 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This\n+00075310: 2061 6c73 6f20 6d65 616e 7320 7468 6174 also means that\n+00075320: 2074 6865 2070 726f 706f 7365 6420 736f the proposed so\n+00075330: 6c75 7469 6f6e 2062 6520 6b6e 6f77 6e20 lution be known \n+00075340: 746f 2077 6f72 6b3b 0a20 2020 2020 6974 to work;. it\n+00075350: 6572 6174 6976 6520 6465 7369 676e 2070 erative design p\n+00075360: 726f 6365 7373 6573 2064 6f20 6e6f 7420 rocesses do not \n+00075370: 6265 6c6f 6e67 2069 6e20 706f 6c69 6379 belong in policy\n+00075380: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 5468 6520 6368 616e ... - The chan\n+00075390: 6765 2073 686f 756c 6420 6e6f 7420 6265 ge should not be\n+000753a0: 2074 6f6f 2064 6973 7275 7074 6976 653b too disruptive;\n+000753b0: 2069 6620 7665 7279 206d 616e 7920 7061 if very many pa\n+000753c0: 636b 6167 6573 0a20 2020 2020 6265 636f ckages. beco\n+000753d0: 6d65 2069 6e73 7461 6e74 6c79 2062 7567 me instantly bug\n+000753e0: 6779 2c20 7468 656e 2069 6e73 7465 6164 gy, then instead\n+000753f0: 2074 6865 7265 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 there should be\n+00075400: 2061 2074 7261 6e73 6974 696f 6e0a 2020 a transition. \n+00075410: 2020 2070 6c61 6e2e 2020 4578 6365 7074 plan. Except\n+00075420: 696f 6e73 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2072 ions should be r\n+00075430: 6172 6520 286f 6e6c 7920 6966 2074 6865 are (only if the\n+00075440: 2063 7572 7265 6e74 2073 7461 7465 2069 current state i\n+00075450: 730a 2020 2020 2072 6561 6c6c 7920 756e s. really un\n+00075460: 7465 6e61 626c 6529 2c20 616e 6420 7072 tenable), and pr\n+00075470: 6f62 6162 6c79 2062 6c65 7373 6564 2062 obably blessed b\n+00075480: 7920 7468 6520 5443 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 y the TC... - \n+00075490: 5468 6520 6368 616e 6765 2068 6173 2074 The change has t\n+000754a0: 6f20 6265 2072 6576 6965 7765 6420 696e o be reviewed in\n+000754b0: 2064 6570 7468 2c20 696e 2074 6865 206f depth, in the o\n+000754c0: 7065 6e2c 2077 6865 7265 2061 6e79 206f pen, where any o\n+000754d0: 6e65 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 7920 636f 6e74 ne. may cont\n+000754e0: 7269 6275 7465 3b20 6120 7075 626c 6963 ribute; a public\n+000754f0: 6c79 2061 6363 6573 7369 626c 652c 2061 ly accessible, a\n+00075500: 7263 6869 7665 642c 206f 7065 6e20 6d61 rchived, open ma\n+00075510: 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 2e0a 0a20 2020 iling list... \n+00075520: 2d20 5072 6f70 6f73 616c 2073 686f 756c - Proposal shoul\n+00075530: 6420 6265 2061 6464 7265 7373 6564 2069 d be addressed i\n+00075540: 6e20 6120 7469 6d65 6c79 2066 6173 6869 n a timely fashi\n+00075550: 6f6e 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 416e 7920 646f on... - Any do\n+00075560: 6d61 696e 2065 7870 6572 7473 2073 686f main experts sho\n+00075570: 756c 6420 6265 2063 6f6e 7375 6c74 6564 uld be consulted\n+00075580: 2c20 7369 6e63 6520 6e6f 7420 6576 6572 , since not ever\n+00075590: 7920 706f 6c69 6379 0a20 2020 2020 6d61 y policy. ma\n+000755a0: 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 2073 7562 7363 iling list subsc\n+000755b0: 7269 6265 7220 6973 2061 6e20 6578 7065 riber is an expe\n+000755c0: 7274 206f 6e20 6576 6572 7974 6869 6e67 rt on everything\n+000755d0: 2c20 696e 636c 7564 696e 670a 2020 2020 , including. \n+000755e0: 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 6d61 696e 7461 696e policy maintain\n+000755f0: 6572 732e 0a0a 2020 202d 2054 6865 2067 ers... - The g\n+00075600: 6f61 6c20 6973 2072 6f75 6768 2063 6f6e oal is rough con\n+00075610: 7365 6e73 7573 206f 6e20 7468 6520 6368 sensus on the ch\n+00075620: 616e 6765 2c20 7768 6963 6820 7368 6f75 ange, which shou\n+00075630: 6c64 206e 6f74 2062 6520 6861 7264 0a20 ld not be hard. \n+00075640: 2020 2020 6966 2074 6865 206d 6174 7465 if the matte\n+00075650: 7220 6973 2074 6563 686e 6963 616c 2e20 r is technical. \n+00075660: 2054 6563 686e 6963 616c 2069 7373 7565 Technical issue\n+00075670: 7320 7768 6572 6520 7468 6572 6520 6973 s where there is\n+00075680: 206e 6f0a 2020 2020 2061 6772 6565 6d65 no. agreeme\n+00075690: 6e74 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2072 6566 nt should be ref\n+000756a0: 6572 7265 6420 746f 2074 6865 2054 433b erred to the TC;\n+000756b0: 206e 6f6e 2d74 6563 686e 6963 616c 2069 non-technical i\n+000756c0: 7373 7565 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 0a20 2020 ssues should. \n+000756d0: 2020 6265 2072 6566 6572 7265 6420 746f be referred to\n+000756e0: 2074 6865 2077 686f 6c65 2064 6576 656c the whole devel\n+000756f0: 6f70 6572 2062 6f64 792c 2061 6e64 2070 oper body, and p\n+00075700: 6572 6861 7073 2067 656e 6572 616c 0a20 erhaps general. \n+00075710: 2020 2020 7265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 7320 resolutions \n+00075720: 6c69 6520 646f 776e 2074 6861 7420 7061 lie down that pa\n+00075730: 7468 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d20 5061 636b 6167 th... - Packag\n+00075740: 6520 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 7320 7768 e maintainers wh\n+00075750: 6f73 6520 7061 636b 6167 6573 206d 6179 ose packages may\n+00075760: 2062 6520 696d 7061 6374 6564 2073 686f be impacted sho\n+00075770: 756c 6420 6861 7665 0a20 2020 2020 6163 uld have. ac\n+00075780: 6365 7373 2074 6f20 706f 6c69 6379 2063 cess to policy c\n+00075790: 6861 6e67 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 732c hange proposals,\n+000757a0: 2065 7665 6e20 6966 2074 6865 7920 646f even if they do\n+000757b0: 206e 6f74 2073 7562 7363 7269 6265 2074 not subscribe t\n+000757c0: 6f0a 2020 2020 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 6d61 o. policy ma\n+000757d0: 696c 696e 6720 6c69 7374 7320 2870 6f6c iling lists (pol\n+000757e0: 6963 7920 6761 7a65 7474 653f 292e 0a0a icy gazette?)...\n+000757f0: 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 ..File: debian-p\n+00075800: 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 olicy.info, Nod\n+00075810: 653a 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 6365 e: Current Proce\n+00075820: 7373 2c20 204e 6578 743a 204f 7468 6572 ss, Next: Other\n+00075830: 2054 6167 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4368 Tags, Prev: Ch\n+00075840: 616e 6765 2047 6f61 6c73 2c20 2055 703a ange Goals, Up:\n+00075850: 2044 6562 6961 6e20 506f 6c69 6379 2063 Debian Policy c\n+00075860: 6861 6e67 6573 2070 726f 6365 7373 0a0a hanges process..\n+00075870: 3230 2e33 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 20.3 Current Pro\n+00075880: 6365 7373 0a3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d cess.===========\n+00075890: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a45 6163 6820 =========..Each \n+000758a0: 7375 6767 6573 7465 6420 6368 616e 6765 suggested change\n+000758b0: 2067 6f65 7320 7468 726f 7567 6820 6469 goes through di\n+000758c0: 6666 6572 656e 7420 7374 6174 6573 2e20 fferent states. \n+000758d0: 2054 6865 7365 2073 7461 7465 7320 6172 These states ar\n+000758e0: 650a 6465 6e6f 7465 6420 7468 726f 7567 e.denoted throug\n+000758f0: 6820 6569 7468 6572 2075 7365 7274 6167 h either usertag\n+00075900: 7320 6f66 2074 6865 0a3c 6465 6269 616e s of the. use\n+00075930: 7220 6f72 2c20 666f 7220 e280 986d 6f72 r or, for ...mor\n+00075940: 6569 6e66 6fe2 8099 2c20 e280 9870 6174 einfo..., ...pat\n+00075950: 6368 e280 992c 0ae2 8098 7065 6e64 696e ch...,....pendin\n+00075960: 67e2 8099 2c20 616e 6420 e280 9877 6f6e g..., and ...won\n+00075970: 7466 6978 e280 992c 2072 6567 756c 6172 tfix..., regular\n+00075980: 2074 6167 732e 0a0a 4375 7272 656e 7420 tags...Current \n+00075990: 6c69 7374 206f 6620 6275 6773 2831 290a list of bugs(1).\n+000759a0: 0a54 6865 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 6465 6c65 .The Policy dele\n+000759b0: 6761 7465 7320 6172 6520 7265 7370 6f6e gates are respon\n+000759c0: 7369 626c 6520 666f 7220 6d61 6e61 6769 sible for managi\n+000759d0: 6e67 2074 6865 2074 6167 7320 6f6e 2062 ng the tags on b\n+000759e0: 7567 7320 616e 640a 7769 6c6c 2075 7064 ugs and.will upd\n+000759f0: 6174 6520 7461 6773 2061 7320 6e65 7720 ate tags as new \n+00075a00: 6275 6773 2061 7265 2073 7562 6d69 7474 bugs are submitt\n+00075a10: 6564 206f 7220 6173 2061 6374 6976 6974 ed or as activit\n+00075a20: 7920 6861 7070 656e 7320 6f6e 0a62 7567 y happens on.bug\n+00075a30: 732e 2020 416c 6c20 4465 6269 616e 2044 s. All Debian D\n+00075a40: 6576 656c 6f70 6572 7320 7368 6f75 6c64 evelopers should\n+00075a50: 2066 6565 6c20 6672 6565 2074 6f20 6164 feel free to ad\n+00075a60: 6420 7468 6520 7365 636f 6e64 6564 2074 d the seconded t\n+00075a70: 6167 2061 730a 6465 7363 7269 6265 6420 ag as.described \n+00075a80: 6265 6c6f 772e 2020 4f74 6865 7220 7461 below. Other ta\n+00075a90: 6773 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2063 6861 gs should be cha\n+00075aa0: 6e67 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 636f nged with the co\n+00075ab0: 6f72 6469 6e61 7469 6f6e 206f 660a 7468 ordination of.th\n+00075ac0: 6520 506f 6c69 6379 2054 6561 6d2e 0a0a e Policy Team...\n+00075ad0: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2053 7461 7465 * Menu:..* State\n+00075ae0: 2041 3b20 4d6f 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 A; More informa\n+00075af0: 7469 6f6e 2072 6571 7569 7265 643a 2053 tion required: S\n+00075b00: 7461 7465 2041 204d 6f72 6520 696e 666f tate A More info\n+00075b10: 726d 6174 696f 6e20 7265 7175 6972 6564 rmation required\n+00075b20: 2e0a 2a20 5374 6174 6520 423b 2044 6973 ..* State B; Dis\n+00075b30: 6375 7373 696f 6e3a 2053 7461 7465 2042 cussion: State B\n+00075b40: 2044 6973 6375 7373 696f 6e2e 0a2a 2053 Discussion..* S\n+00075b50: 7461 7465 2043 3b20 5072 6f70 6f73 616c tate C; Proposal\n+00075b60: 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4320 5072 6f70 6f73 : State C Propos\n+00075b70: 616c 2e0a 2a20 5374 6174 6520 443b 2057 al..* State D; W\n+00075b80: 6f72 6469 6e67 2070 726f 706f 7365 643a ording proposed:\n+00075b90: 2053 7461 7465 2044 2057 6f72 6469 6e67 State D Wording\n+00075ba0: 2070 726f 706f 7365 642e 0a2a 2053 7461 proposed..* Sta\n+00075bb0: 7465 2045 3b20 5365 636f 6e64 6564 3a20 te E; Seconded: \n+00075bc0: 5374 6174 6520 4520 5365 636f 6e64 6564 State E Seconded\n+00075bd0: 2e0a 2a20 5374 6174 6520 463b 2041 6363 ..* State F; Acc\n+00075be0: 6570 7465 643a 2053 7461 7465 2046 2041 epted: State F A\n+00075bf0: 6363 6570 7465 642e 0a2a 2053 7461 7465 ccepted..* State\n+00075c00: 2047 3b20 5265 6a65 6374 3a20 5374 6174 G; Reject: Stat\n+00075c10: 6520 4720 5265 6a65 6374 2e0a 0a20 2020 e G Reject... \n+00075c20: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e ---------- Footn\n+00075c30: 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a otes ----------.\n+00075c40: 0a20 2020 2831 2920 0a68 7474 7073 3a2f . (1) .https:/\n+00075c50: 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 616e 2e6f 7267 /bugs.debian.org\n+00075c60: 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 6b67 7265 706f /cgi-bin/pkgrepo\n+00075c70: 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 3d64 6562 6961 rt.cgi?src=debia\n+00075c80: 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 656e 642d 6578 n-policy&pend-ex\n+00075c90: 633d 646f 6e65 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 c=done....File: \n+00075ca0: 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e debian-policy.in\n+00075cb0: 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 7461 7465 fo, Node: State\n+00075cc0: 2041 204d 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 A More informat\n+00075cd0: 696f 6e20 7265 7175 6972 6564 2c20 204e ion required, N\n+00075ce0: 6578 743a 2053 7461 7465 2042 2044 6973 ext: State B Dis\n+00075cf0: 6375 7373 696f 6e2c 2020 5570 3a20 4375 cussion, Up: Cu\n+00075d00: 7272 656e 7420 5072 6f63 6573 730a 0a32 rrent Process..2\n+00075d10: 302e 332e 3120 5374 6174 6520 413a 204d 0.3.1 State A: M\n+00075d20: 6f72 6520 696e 666f 726d 6174 696f 6e20 ore information \n+00075d30: 7265 7175 6972 6564 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d required.-------\n+00075d40: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00075d50: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00075d60: 2d2d 0a0a 5468 6520 506f 6c69 6379 2064 --..The Policy d\n+00075d70: 656c 6567 6174 6573 2061 7265 2075 6e61 elegates are una\n+00075d80: 626c 6520 746f 2064 6574 6572 6d69 6e65 ble to determine\n+00075d90: 2077 6865 7468 6572 2074 6865 2062 7567 whether the bug\n+00075da0: 2069 7320 7265 616c 6c79 2061 0a50 6f6c is really a.Pol\n+00075db0: 6963 7920 6d61 7474 6572 2c20 6f72 206a icy matter, or j\n+00075dc0: 7564 6765 2074 6861 7420 7468 6572 6520 udge that there \n+00075dd0: 6172 6520 6d69 7373 696e 6720 6465 7461 are missing deta\n+00075de0: 696c 7320 7468 6174 2077 6f75 6c64 0a70 ils that would.p\n+00075df0: 7265 7665 6e74 2061 2066 7275 6974 6675 revent a fruitfu\n+00075e00: 6c20 6469 7363 7573 7369 6f6e 2028 616e l discussion (an\n+00075e10: 6420 6d61 7920 7265 7375 6c74 2069 6e20 d may result in \n+00075e20: 6120 636f 6e66 7573 6564 2061 6e64 0a75 a confused and.u\n+00075e30: 6e68 656c 7066 756c 2064 6973 6375 7373 nhelpful discuss\n+00075e40: 696f 6e29 2e0a 0a50 6f6c 6963 7920 6465 ion)...Policy de\n+00075e50: 6c65 6761 7465 7320 6173 6b20 7468 6520 legates ask the \n+00075e60: 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2073 7562 6d69 7474 original submitt\n+00075e70: 6572 2074 6f20 7072 6f76 6964 6520 7468 er to provide th\n+00075e80: 6520 6d69 7373 696e 670a 6465 7461 696c e missing.detail\n+00075e90: 732e 2020 4f74 6865 7273 2061 7265 2061 s. Others are a\n+00075ea0: 736b 6564 2074 6f20 7265 6672 6169 6e20 sked to refrain \n+00075eb0: 6672 6f6d 2064 6973 6375 7373 696e 6720 from discussing \n+00075ec0: 7768 6174 6576 6572 2074 6865 7920 7461 whatever they ta\n+00075ed0: 6b65 0a74 6865 2069 7373 7565 2074 6f20 ke.the issue to \n+00075ee0: 6265 2c20 6c69 6d69 7469 6e67 2074 6865 be, limiting the\n+00075ef0: 6972 2070 6f73 7469 6e67 7320 746f 2061 ir postings to a\n+00075f00: 7474 656d 7074 7320 746f 2073 7570 706c ttempts to suppl\n+00075f10: 7920 7468 650a 6d69 7373 696e 6720 6465 y the.missing de\n+00075f20: 7461 696c 732e 0a0a 5441 473a 206d 6f72 tails...TAG: mor\n+00075f30: 6569 6e66 6f28 3129 0a0a 5768 6174 206e einfo(1)..What n\n+00075f40: 6565 6473 2074 6f20 6861 7070 656e 206e eeds to happen n\n+00075f50: 6578 743a 2053 7562 6d69 7474 6572 2028 ext: Submitter (\n+00075f60: 6f72 2073 6f6d 656f 6e65 2065 6c73 6529 or someone else)\n+00075f70: 2070 726f 7669 6465 7320 7468 650a 7265 provides the.re\n+00075f80: 7175 6573 7465 6420 696e 666f 726d 6174 quested informat\n+00075f90: 696f 6e20 7769 7468 696e 2033 3020 6461 ion within 30 da\n+00075fa0: 7973 2c20 6f72 2074 6865 2062 7567 2069 ys, or the bug i\n+00075fb0: 7320 636c 6f73 6564 2e0a 0a54 6865 206d s closed...The m\n+00075fc0: 616a 6f72 6974 7920 6f66 2062 7567 7320 ajority of bugs \n+00075fd0: 7769 6c6c 2073 6b69 7020 7468 6973 2073 will skip this s\n+00075fe0: 7461 6765 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tage... ------\n+00075ff0: 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d ---- Footnotes -\n+00076000: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 ---------.. (1\n+00076010: 2920 0a68 7474 7073 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e ) .https://bugs.\n+00076020: 6465 6269 616e 2e6f 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 debian.org/cgi-b\n+00076030: 696e 2f70 6b67 7265 706f 7274 2e63 6769 in/pkgreport.cgi\n+00076040: 3f73 7263 3d64 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ?src=debian-poli\n+00076050: 6379 2670 656e 642d 6578 633d 646f 6e65 cy&pend-exc=done\n+00076060: 2674 6167 3d6d 6f72 6569 6e66 6f0a 0a1f &tag=moreinfo...\n+00076070: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n+00076080: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n+00076090: 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4220 4469 7363 7573 : State B Discus\n+000760a0: 7369 6f6e 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 7461 sion, Next: Sta\n+000760b0: 7465 2043 2050 726f 706f 7361 6c2c 2020 te C Proposal, \n+000760c0: 5072 6576 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4120 4d6f Prev: State A Mo\n+000760d0: 7265 2069 6e66 6f72 6d61 7469 6f6e 2072 re information r\n+000760e0: 6571 7569 7265 642c 2020 5570 3a20 4375 equired, Up: Cu\n+000760f0: 7272 656e 7420 5072 6f63 6573 730a 0a32 rrent Process..2\n+00076100: 302e 332e 3220 5374 6174 6520 423a 2044 0.3.2 State B: D\n+00076110: 6973 6375 7373 696f 6e0a 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d iscussion.------\n+00076120: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00076130: 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 4469 7363 7573 7320 7265 ----..Discuss re\n+00076140: 6d65 6479 2e20 2041 6c74 6572 6e61 7465 medy. Alternate\n+00076150: 2070 726f 706f 7361 6c73 2e20 2044 6973 proposals. Dis\n+00076160: 6375 7373 696f 6e20 6775 6964 6564 2062 cussion guided b\n+00076170: 7920 6465 6c65 6761 7465 732e 0a54 6865 y delegates..The\n+00076180: 7265 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2061 2063 re should be a c\n+00076190: 6c65 6172 2074 696d 6520 6c69 6d69 7420 lear time limit \n+000761a0: 746f 2074 6869 7320 7374 6167 652c 2062 to this stage, b\n+000761b0: 7574 2061 7320 7965 7420 7765 2068 6176 ut as yet we hav\n+000761c0: 6520 6e6f 740a 7365 7420 6f6e 652e 0a0a e not.set one...\n+000761d0: 5441 473a 2064 6973 6375 7373 696f 6e28 TAG: discussion(\n+000761e0: 3129 0a0a 5768 6174 206e 6565 6473 2074 1)..What needs t\n+000761f0: 6f20 6861 7070 656e 206e 6578 743a 2052 o happen next: R\n+00076200: 6561 6368 2061 2063 6f6e 636c 7573 696f each a conclusio\n+00076210: 6e20 616e 6420 636f 6e73 656e 7375 7320 n and consensus \n+00076220: 696e 2074 6865 0a64 6973 6375 7373 696f in the.discussio\n+00076230: 6e20 616e 6420 6d61 6b65 2061 2066 696e n and make a fin\n+00076240: 616c 2070 726f 706f 7361 6c20 666f 7220 al proposal for \n+00076250: 7768 6174 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2063 what should be c\n+00076260: 6861 6e67 6564 2028 6966 0a61 6e79 7468 hanged (if.anyth\n+00076270: 696e 6729 2c20 6d6f 7669 6e67 2074 6f20 ing), moving to \n+00076280: 7468 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 2074 6167 the proposal tag\n+00076290: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ... ----------\n+000762a0: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n+000762b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 0a68 -----.. (1) .h\n+000762c0: 7474 7073 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 ttps://bugs.debi\n+000762d0: 616e 2e6f 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 an.org/cgi-bin/p\n+000762e0: 6b67 7265 706f 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 kgreport.cgi?src\n+000762f0: 3d64 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 =debian-policy&p\n+00076300: 656e 642d 6578 633d 646f 6e65 2674 6167 end-exc=done&tag\n+00076310: 3d64 6973 6375 7373 696f 6e0a 0a1f 0a46 =discussion....F\n+00076320: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n+00076330: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n+00076340: 5374 6174 6520 4320 5072 6f70 6f73 616c State C Proposal\n+00076350: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 7461 7465 2044 , Next: State D\n+00076360: 2057 6f72 6469 6e67 2070 726f 706f 7365 Wording propose\n+00076370: 642c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5374 6174 6520 d, Prev: State \n+00076380: 4220 4469 7363 7573 7369 6f6e 2c20 2055 B Discussion, U\n+00076390: 703a 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 6365 p: Current Proce\n+000763a0: 7373 0a0a 3230 2e33 2e33 2053 7461 7465 ss..20.3.3 State\n+000763b0: 2043 3a20 5072 6f70 6f73 616c 0a2d 2d2d C: Proposal.---\n+000763c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+000763d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a41 2066 696e 616c 2070 -----..A final p\n+000763e0: 726f 706f 7361 6c20 6861 7320 656d 6572 roposal has emer\n+000763f0: 6765 6420 6672 6f6d 2074 6865 2064 6973 ged from the dis\n+00076400: 6375 7373 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 cussion, and the\n+00076410: 7265 2069 7320 6120 726f 7567 680a 636f re is a rough.co\n+00076420: 6e73 656e 7375 7320 6f6e 2068 6f77 2074 nsensus on how t\n+00076430: 6f20 7072 6f63 6565 6420 746f 2072 6573 o proceed to res\n+00076440: 6f6c 7665 2074 6865 2069 7373 7565 2e0a olve the issue..\n+00076450: 0a54 4147 3a20 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 2831 .TAG: proposal(1\n+00076460: 290a 0a57 6861 7420 6e65 6564 7320 746f )..What needs to\n+00076470: 2068 6170 7065 6e20 6e65 7874 3a20 5072 happen next: Pr\n+00076480: 6f76 6964 6564 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 ovided that the \n+00076490: 726f 7567 6820 636f 6e73 656e 7375 7320 rough consensus \n+000764a0: 7065 7273 6973 7473 2c0a 6465 7665 6c6f persists,.develo\n+000764b0: 7020 6120 7061 7463 6820 6167 6169 6e73 p a patch agains\n+000764c0: 7420 7468 6520 6375 7272 656e 7420 506f t the current Po\n+000764d0: 6c69 6379 2064 6f63 756d 656e 7420 7769 licy document wi\n+000764e0: 7468 2073 7065 6369 6669 630a 776f 7264 th specific.word\n+000764f0: 696e 6720 6f66 2074 6865 2063 6861 6e67 ing of the chang\n+00076500: 652e 2020 4f66 7465 6e20 7468 6973 2069 e. Often this i\n+00076510: 7320 646f 6e65 2069 6e20 636f 6e6a 756e s done in conjun\n+00076520: 6374 696f 6e20 7769 7468 2074 6865 0a70 ction with the.p\n+00076530: 726f 706f 7361 6c2c 2069 6e20 7768 6963 roposal, in whic\n+00076540: 6820 6361 7365 206f 6e65 206d 6179 2073 h case one may s\n+00076550: 6b69 7020 7468 6973 2073 7465 7020 616e kip this step an\n+00076560: 6420 6d6f 7665 2064 6972 6563 746c 7920 d move directly \n+00076570: 746f 0a70 6174 6368 2074 6167 2e0a 0a20 to.patch tag... \n+00076580: 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f ---------- Foo\n+00076590: 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tnotes ---------\n+000765a0: 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 0a68 7474 7073 -.. (1) .https\n+000765b0: 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 616e 2e6f ://bugs.debian.o\n+000765c0: 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 6b67 7265 rg/cgi-bin/pkgre\n+000765d0: 706f 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 3d64 6562 port.cgi?src=deb\n+000765e0: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 656e 642d ian-policy&pend-\n+000765f0: 6578 633d 646f 6e65 2674 6167 3d70 726f exc=done&tag=pro\n+00076600: 706f 7361 6c0a 0a1f 0a46 696c 653a 2064 posal....File: d\n+00076610: 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 ebian-policy.inf\n+00076620: 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5374 6174 6520 o, Node: State \n+00076630: 4420 576f 7264 696e 6720 7072 6f70 6f73 D Wording propos\n+00076640: 6564 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 7461 7465 ed, Next: State\n+00076650: 2045 2053 6563 6f6e 6465 642c 2020 5072 E Seconded, Pr\n+00076660: 6576 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4320 5072 6f70 ev: State C Prop\n+00076670: 6f73 616c 2c20 2055 703a 2043 7572 7265 osal, Up: Curre\n+00076680: 6e74 2050 726f 6365 7373 0a0a 3230 2e33 nt Process..20.3\n+00076690: 2e34 2053 7461 7465 2044 3a20 576f 7264 .4 State D: Word\n+000766a0: 696e 6720 7072 6f70 6f73 6564 0a2d 2d2d ing proposed.---\n+000766b0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+000766c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a41 -------------..A\n+000766d0: 2070 6174 6368 2061 6761 696e 7374 2074 patch against t\n+000766e0: 6865 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 646f 6375 6d65 he Policy docume\n+000766f0: 6e74 2072 6566 6c65 6374 696e 6720 7468 nt reflecting th\n+00076700: 6520 636f 6e73 656e 7375 7320 6861 7320 e consensus has \n+00076710: 6265 656e 0a63 7265 6174 6564 2061 6e64 been.created and\n+00076720: 2069 7320 7761 6974 696e 6720 666f 7220 is waiting for \n+00076730: 666f 726d 616c 2073 6563 6f6e 6473 2e20 formal seconds. \n+00076740: 2054 6865 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 7061 The standard pa\n+00076750: 7463 6820 7461 6720 6973 0a75 7365 6420 tch tag is.used \n+00076760: 666f 7220 7468 6973 2073 7461 7465 2c20 for this state, \n+00076770: 7369 6e63 6520 6974 e280 9973 2065 7373 since it...s ess\n+00076780: 656e 7469 616c 6c79 2065 7175 6976 616c entially equival\n+00076790: 656e 7420 746f 2074 6865 2073 7461 6e64 ent to the stand\n+000767a0: 6172 640a 6d65 616e 696e 6720 6f66 2074 ard.meaning of t\n+000767b0: 6861 7420 7461 672e 0a0a 5441 473a 2070 hat tag...TAG: p\n+000767c0: 6174 6368 2831 290a 0a57 6861 7420 6e65 atch(1)..What ne\n+000767d0: 6564 7320 746f 2068 6170 7065 6e20 6e65 eds to happen ne\n+000767e0: 7874 3a20 5468 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c xt: The proposal\n+000767f0: 206e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 6265 2072 6576 needs to be rev\n+00076800: 6965 7765 6420 616e 640a 7365 636f 6e64 iewed and.second\n+00076810: 6564 2e20 2041 6e79 2044 6562 6961 6e20 ed. Any Debian \n+00076820: 6465 7665 6c6f 7065 7220 7768 6f20 6167 developer who ag\n+00076830: 7265 6573 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 6368 rees with the ch\n+00076840: 616e 6765 2061 6e64 2074 6865 0a63 6f6e ange and the.con\n+00076850: 636c 7573 696f 6e20 6f66 2072 6f75 6768 clusion of rough\n+00076860: 2063 6f6e 7365 6e73 7573 2066 726f 6d20 consensus from \n+00076870: 7468 6520 6469 7363 7573 7369 6f6e 2073 the discussion s\n+00076880: 686f 756c 6420 7361 7920 736f 2069 6e20 hould say so in \n+00076890: 7468 650a 6275 6720 6c6f 6720 6279 2073 the.bug log by s\n+000768a0: 6563 6f6e 6469 6e67 2074 6865 2070 726f econding the pro\n+000768b0: 706f 7361 6c2e 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d 2d2d posal... -----\n+000768c0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 7320 ----- Footnotes \n+000768d0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 2028 ----------.. (\n+000768e0: 3129 200a 6874 7470 733a 2f2f 6275 6773 1) .https://bugs\n+000768f0: 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 6367 692d .debian.org/cgi-\n+00076900: 6269 6e2f 706b 6772 6570 6f72 742e 6367 bin/pkgreport.cg\n+00076910: 693f 7372 633d 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c i?src=debian-pol\n+00076920: 6963 7926 7065 6e64 2d65 7863 3d64 6f6e icy&pend-exc=don\n+00076930: 6526 7461 673d 7061 7463 680a 0a1f 0a46 e&tag=patch....F\n+00076940: 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 ile: debian-poli\n+00076950: 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 cy.info, Node: \n+00076960: 5374 6174 6520 4520 5365 636f 6e64 6564 State E Seconded\n+00076970: 2c20 204e 6578 743a 2053 7461 7465 2046 , Next: State F\n+00076980: 2041 6363 6570 7465 642c 2020 5072 6576 Accepted, Prev\n+00076990: 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4420 576f 7264 696e : State D Wordin\n+000769a0: 6720 7072 6f70 6f73 6564 2c20 2055 703a g proposed, Up:\n+000769b0: 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f 6365 7373 Current Process\n+000769c0: 0a0a 3230 2e33 2e35 2053 7461 7465 2045 ..20.3.5 State E\n+000769d0: 3a20 5365 636f 6e64 6564 0a2d 2d2d 2d2d : Seconded.-----\n+000769e0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+000769f0: 2d2d 2d0a 0a54 6865 2070 726f 706f 7361 ---..The proposa\n+00076a00: 6c20 6973 2073 6967 6e65 6420 6f66 6620 l is signed off \n+00076a10: 6f6e 2062 7920 4e20 4465 6269 616e 2044 on by N Debian D\n+00076a20: 6576 656c 6f70 6572 732e 2020 546f 2073 evelopers. To s\n+00076a30: 7461 7274 2077 6974 682c 0a77 65e2 8099 tart with,.we...\n+00076a40: 7265 2067 6f69 6e67 2077 6974 6820 4e3d re going with N=\n+00076a50: 332c 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 2074 6861 7420 3, meaning that \n+00076a60: 6966 2074 6872 6565 2044 6562 6961 6e20 if three Debian \n+00076a70: 4465 7665 6c6f 7065 7273 2061 6772 6565 Developers agree\n+00076a80: 2c20 6e6f 740a 6a75 7374 2077 6974 6820 , not.just with \n+00076a90: 7468 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 2062 7574 the proposal but\n+00076aa0: 2077 6974 6820 7468 6520 636f 6e63 6c75 with the conclu\n+00076ab0: 7369 6f6e 2074 6861 7420 6974 2072 6566 sion that it ref\n+00076ac0: 6c65 6374 730a 636f 6e73 656e 7375 7320 lects.consensus \n+00076ad0: 616e 6420 6164 6472 6573 7365 7320 7468 and addresses th\n+00076ae0: 6520 6f72 6967 696e 616c 2069 7373 7565 e original issue\n+00076af0: 20e2 8093 2069 7420 6973 2063 6f6e 7369 ... it is consi\n+00076b00: 6465 7265 6420 656c 6967 6962 6c65 0a66 dered eligible.f\n+00076b10: 6f72 2069 6e63 6c75 7369 6f6e 2069 6e20 or inclusion in \n+00076b20: 7468 6520 6e65 7874 2076 6572 7369 6f6e the next version\n+00076b30: 206f 6620 506f 6c69 6379 2e20 2053 696e of Policy. Sin\n+00076b40: 6365 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 6973 2070 6172 ce Policy is par\n+00076b50: 746c 7920 610a 7465 6368 6e69 6361 6c20 tly a.technical \n+00076b60: 7072 6f6a 6563 7420 676f 7665 726e 616e project governan\n+00076b70: 6365 206d 6574 686f 642c 206f 6e65 206d ce method, one m\n+00076b80: 7573 7420 6265 2061 2044 6562 6961 6e20 ust be a Debian \n+00076b90: 4465 7665 6c6f 7065 7220 746f 0a66 6f72 Developer to.for\n+00076ba0: 6d61 6c6c 7920 7365 636f 6e64 2c20 616c mally second, al\n+00076bb0: 7468 6f75 6768 2072 6576 6965 7720 616e though review an\n+00076bc0: 6420 6469 7363 7573 7369 6f6e 2069 7320 d discussion is \n+00076bd0: 7765 6c63 6f6d 6520 6672 6f6d 2061 6e79 welcome from any\n+00076be0: 6f6e 652e 0a4f 6e63 6520 7468 6973 2074 one..Once this t\n+00076bf0: 6167 2068 6173 2062 6565 6e20 6170 706c ag has been appl\n+00076c00: 6965 642c 2074 6865 2062 7567 2069 7320 ied, the bug is \n+00076c10: 7761 6974 696e 6720 666f 7220 6120 506f waiting for a Po\n+00076c20: 6c69 6379 2074 6561 6d0a 6d65 6d62 6572 licy team.member\n+00076c30: 2074 6f20 6170 706c 7920 7468 6520 7061 to apply the pa\n+00076c40: 7463 6820 746f 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 tch to the packa\n+00076c50: 6765 2072 6570 6f73 6974 6f72 792e 0a0a ge repository...\n+00076c60: 5441 473a 2073 6563 6f6e 6465 6428 3129 TAG: seconded(1)\n+00076c70: 0a0a 5768 6174 206e 6565 6473 2074 6f20 ..What needs to \n+00076c80: 6861 7070 656e 206e 6578 743a 2041 2050 happen next: A P\n+00076c90: 6f6c 6963 7920 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 olicy maintainer\n+00076ca0: 2064 6f65 7320 7468 6520 6669 6e61 6c20 does the final \n+00076cb0: 7265 7669 6577 2061 6e64 0a63 6f6e 6669 review and.confi\n+00076cc0: 726d 6174 696f 6e2c 2061 6e64 2074 6865 rmation, and the\n+00076cd0: 6e20 6170 706c 6965 7320 7468 6520 7061 n applies the pa\n+00076ce0: 7463 6820 666f 7220 7468 6520 6e65 7874 tch for the next\n+00076cf0: 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 7265 6c65 6173 652e Policy release.\n+00076d00: 0a0a 5468 6973 2074 6167 2069 7320 6e6f ..This tag is no\n+00076d10: 7420 7573 6564 2076 6572 7920 6d75 6368 t used very much\n+00076d20: 2062 6563 6175 7365 206e 6f72 6d61 6c6c because normall\n+00076d30: 7920 6120 506f 6c69 6379 206d 6169 6e74 y a Policy maint\n+00076d40: 6169 6e65 720a 6170 706c 6965 7320 7468 ainer.applies th\n+00076d50: 6520 7061 7463 6820 616e 6420 6d6f 7665 e patch and move\n+00076d60: 7320 7468 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 2074 s the proposal t\n+00076d70: 6f20 7468 6520 6e65 7874 2073 7461 7465 o the next state\n+00076d80: 206f 6e63 6520 656e 6f75 6768 0a73 6563 once enough.sec\n+00076d90: 6f6e 6473 2061 7265 2072 6561 6368 6564 onds are reached\n+00076da0: 2e0a 0a20 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ... ----------\n+00076db0: 2046 6f6f 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d Footnotes -----\n+00076dc0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 0a68 -----.. (1) .h\n+00076dd0: 7474 7073 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 ttps://bugs.debi\n+00076de0: 616e 2e6f 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 an.org/cgi-bin/p\n+00076df0: 6b67 7265 706f 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 kgreport.cgi?src\n+00076e00: 3d64 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 =debian-policy&p\n+00076e10: 656e 642d 6578 633d 646f 6e65 2674 6167 end-exc=done&tag\n+00076e20: 3d73 6563 6f6e 6465 640a 0a1f 0a46 696c =seconded....Fil\n+00076e30: 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 e: debian-policy\n+00076e40: 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 3a20 5374 .info, Node: St\n+00076e50: 6174 6520 4620 4163 6365 7074 6564 2c20 ate F Accepted, \n+00076e60: 204e 6578 743a 2053 7461 7465 2047 2052 Next: State G R\n+00076e70: 656a 6563 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 5374 eject, Prev: St\n+00076e80: 6174 6520 4520 5365 636f 6e64 6564 2c20 ate E Seconded, \n+00076e90: 2055 703a 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 726f Up: Current Pro\n+00076ea0: 6365 7373 0a0a 3230 2e33 2e36 2053 7461 cess..20.3.6 Sta\n+00076eb0: 7465 2046 3a20 4163 6365 7074 6564 0a2d te F: Accepted.-\n+00076ec0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00076ed0: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a43 6861 6e67 6520 -------..Change \n+00076ee0: 6163 6365 7074 6564 2c20 7769 6c6c 2062 accepted, will b\n+00076ef0: 6520 696e 206e 6578 7420 7570 6c6f 6164 e in next upload\n+00076f00: 2e20 2054 6865 2073 7461 6e64 6172 6420 . The standard \n+00076f10: 7065 6e64 696e 6720 7461 6720 6973 0a75 pending tag is.u\n+00076f20: 7365 6420 666f 7220 7468 6973 2073 7461 sed for this sta\n+00076f30: 7465 2073 696e 6365 2069 7420 6d61 7463 te since it matc\n+00076f40: 6865 7320 7468 6520 7265 6775 6c61 7220 hes the regular \n+00076f50: 6d65 616e 696e 6720 6f66 2070 656e 6469 meaning of pendi\n+00076f60: 6e67 2e0a 0a54 4147 3a20 7065 6e64 696e ng...TAG: pendin\n+00076f70: 6728 3129 0a0a 5768 6174 206e 6565 6473 g(1)..What needs\n+00076f80: 2074 6f20 6861 7070 656e 206e 6578 743a to happen next:\n+00076f90: 2054 6865 2062 7567 2069 7320 6e6f 7720 The bug is now \n+00076fa0: 696e 2074 6865 2077 6169 7469 6e67 2071 in the waiting q\n+00076fb0: 7565 7565 2066 6f72 2074 6865 0a6e 6578 ueue for the.nex\n+00076fc0: 7420 506f 6c69 6379 2072 656c 6561 7365 t Policy release\n+00076fd0: 2c20 616e 6420 7468 6572 65e2 8099 7320 , and there...s \n+00076fe0: 6e6f 7468 696e 6720 6c65 6674 2074 6f20 nothing left to \n+00076ff0: 646f 2065 7863 6570 7420 666f 7220 7570 do except for up\n+00077000: 6c6f 6164 2061 0a6e 6577 2076 6572 7369 load a.new versi\n+00077010: 6f6e 206f 6620 506f 6c69 6379 2e0a 0a20 on of Policy... \n+00077020: 2020 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2046 6f6f ---------- Foo\n+00077030: 746e 6f74 6573 202d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d tnotes ---------\n+00077040: 2d0a 0a20 2020 2831 2920 0a68 7474 7073 -.. (1) .https\n+00077050: 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 616e 2e6f ://bugs.debian.o\n+00077060: 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 6b67 7265 rg/cgi-bin/pkgre\n+00077070: 706f 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 3d64 6562 port.cgi?src=deb\n+00077080: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 656e 642d ian-policy&pend-\n+00077090: 6578 633d 646f 6e65 2674 6167 3d70 656e exc=done&tag=pen\n+000770a0: 6469 6e67 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 ding....File: de\n+000770b0: 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f bian-policy.info\n+000770c0: 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2053 7461 7465 2047 , Node: State G\n+000770d0: 2052 656a 6563 742c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 Reject, Prev: \n+000770e0: 5374 6174 6520 4620 4163 6365 7074 6564 State F Accepted\n+000770f0: 2c20 2055 703a 2043 7572 7265 6e74 2050 , Up: Current P\n+00077100: 726f 6365 7373 0a0a 3230 2e33 2e37 2053 rocess..20.3.7 S\n+00077110: 7461 7465 2047 3a20 5265 6a65 6374 0a2d tate G: Reject.-\n+00077120: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d ----------------\n+00077130: 2d2d 2d2d 2d0a 0a52 656a 6563 7465 6420 -----..Rejected \n+00077140: 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 732e 2020 5468 6520 proposals. The \n+00077150: 7374 616e 6461 7264 2077 6f6e 7466 6978 standard wontfix\n+00077160: 2069 7320 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2074 6869 is used for thi\n+00077170: 7320 7374 6174 652e 0a4e 6f72 6d61 6c6c s state..Normall\n+00077180: 792c 2062 7567 7320 696e 2074 6869 7320 y, bugs in this \n+00077190: 7374 6174 6520 7769 6c6c 206e 6f74 2072 state will not r\n+000771a0: 656d 6169 6e20 6f70 656e 2028 6578 6365 emain open (exce\n+000771b0: 7074 696e 6720 2773 7461 6c6c 6564 2729 pting 'stalled')\n+000771c0: 3b0a 696e 7374 6561 642c 2061 2050 6f6c ;.instead, a Pol\n+000771d0: 6963 7920 7465 616d 206d 656d 6265 7220 icy team member \n+000771e0: 7769 6c6c 2063 6c6f 7365 2074 6865 6d20 will close them \n+000771f0: 7769 7468 2061 6e20 6578 706c 616e 6174 with an explanat\n+00077200: 696f 6e2e 2020 5468 650a 7375 626d 6974 ion. The.submit\n+00077210: 7465 7220 6d61 7920 7468 656e 2061 7070 ter may then app\n+00077220: 6561 6c20 746f 2074 6865 2074 6563 682d eal to the tech-\n+00077230: 6374 7465 2069 6620 7468 6579 2073 6f20 ctte if they so \n+00077240: 6465 7369 7265 2e0a 416c 7465 726e 6174 desire..Alternat\n+00077250: 656c 792c 2069 7373 7565 7320 6170 7065 ely, issues appe\n+00077260: 616c 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 7465 6368 aled to the tech\n+00077270: 2d63 7474 6520 6d61 7920 7265 6d61 696e -ctte may remain\n+00077280: 206f 7065 6e20 7769 7468 2074 6869 730a open with this.\n+00077290: 7461 6720 7768 696c 6520 7468 6174 2061 tag while that a\n+000772a0: 7070 6561 6c20 7072 6f63 6565 6473 2e0a ppeal proceeds..\n+000772b0: 0a54 4147 3a20 776f 6e74 6669 7828 3129 .TAG: wontfix(1)\n+000772c0: 0a0a 5765 206d 6179 2075 7365 206f 6e65 ..We may use one\n+000772d0: 206f 6620 7468 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e of the followin\n+000772e0: 6720 7461 6773 2068 6572 652e 2020 4974 g tags here. It\n+000772f0: e280 9973 206e 6f74 2063 6c65 6172 2077 ...s not clear w\n+00077300: 6865 7468 6572 2077 650a 6e65 6564 206d hether we.need m\n+00077310: 6f72 6520 7461 6773 2066 6f72 2074 6869 ore tags for thi\n+00077320: 7320 7374 6167 652e 0a0a 2764 7562 696f s stage...'dubio\n+00077330: 7573 270a 0a20 2020 2020 4e6f 7420 6120 us'.. Not a \n+00077340: 706f 6c69 6379 206d 6174 7465 720a 0a27 policy matter..'\n+00077350: 6374 7465 270a 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6665 ctte'.. Refe\n+00077360: 7272 6564 2074 6f20 7468 6520 5465 6368 rred to the Tech\n+00077370: 6e69 6361 6c20 436f 6d6d 6974 7465 6520 nical Committee \n+00077380: 2874 6563 682d 6374 7465 290a 0a27 6465 (tech-ctte)..'de\n+00077390: 7665 6c27 0a0a 2020 2020 2052 6566 6572 vel'.. Refer\n+000773a0: 7265 6420 746f 2074 6865 2064 6576 656c red to the devel\n+000773b0: 6f70 6572 2062 6f64 790a 0a27 6465 6c65 oper body..'dele\n+000773c0: 6761 7465 270a 0a20 2020 2020 5265 6a65 gate'.. 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Thos\n+00077450: 6520 7769 7368 696e 6720 746f 2072 6573 e wishing to res\n+00077460: 7461 7274 2064 6973 6375 7373 696f 6e20 tart discussion \n+00077470: 7368 6f75 6c64 206f 7065 6e20 6120 6e65 should open a ne\n+00077480: 7720 6275 672c 0a20 2020 2020 6275 7420 w bug,. but \n+00077490: 6f6e 6c79 2069 6620 7468 6579 2068 6176 only if they hav\n+000774a0: 6520 6120 636f 6e63 7265 7465 206e 6577 e a concrete new\n+000774b0: 2063 6861 6e67 6520 7072 6f70 6f73 616c change proposal\n+000774c0: 2e0a 0a27 7374 616c 6c65 6427 0a0a 2020 ...'stalled'.. \n+000774d0: 2020 2043 6f6e 7365 6e73 7573 206f 6e20 Consensus on \n+000774e0: 6120 7072 6f70 6f73 616c 2077 6173 206e a proposal was n\n+000774f0: 6f74 2066 6f72 7468 636f 6d69 6e67 2e20 ot forthcoming. \n+00077500: 2048 6f77 6576 6572 2c20 7468 6520 6275 However, the bu\n+00077510: 670a 2020 2020 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 g. should be\n+00077520: 206b 6570 7420 6f70 656e 2c20 6173 2061 kept open, as a\n+00077530: 2066 6f72 6d20 6f66 2064 6f63 756d 656e form of documen\n+00077540: 7461 7469 6f6e 2c20 616e 6420 746f 206d tation, and to m\n+00077550: 696e 696d 6973 650a 2020 2020 2074 6865 inimise. the\n+00077560: 206e 756d 6265 7220 6f66 2064 7570 6c69 number of dupli\n+00077570: 6361 7465 2066 696c 696e 6773 2e0a 0a57 cate filings...W\n+00077580: 6861 7420 6d61 7920 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 hat may need to \n+00077590: 6861 7070 656e 206e 6578 743a 2054 6865 happen next: The\n+000775a0: 2062 7567 2073 686f 756c 6420 6265 2063 bug should be c\n+000775b0: 6c6f 7365 6420 6f6e 6365 2061 2066 696e losed once a fin\n+000775c0: 616c 0a72 6573 6f6c 7574 696f 6e20 6973 al.resolution is\n+000775d0: 2072 6561 6368 6564 2028 6578 6365 7074 reached (except\n+000775e0: 696e 6720 2773 7461 6c6c 6564 2729 2c20 ing 'stalled'), \n+000775f0: 6f72 2072 6574 6167 6765 6420 746f 2061 or retagged to a\n+00077600: 6e0a 6170 7072 6f70 7269 6174 6520 7374 n.appropriate st\n+00077610: 6174 6520 6966 2074 6861 7420 6669 6e61 ate if that fina\n+00077620: 6c20 7265 736f 6c75 7469 6f6e 2072 6576 l resolution rev\n+00077630: 6572 7365 7320 7468 6520 6465 6369 7369 erses the decisi\n+00077640: 6f6e 2074 6f0a 7265 6a65 6374 2074 6865 on to.reject the\n+00077650: 2070 726f 706f 7361 6c2e 0a0a 2020 202d proposal... -\n+00077660: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f --------- Footno\n+00077670: 7465 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a tes ----------..\n+00077680: 2020 2028 3129 200a 6874 7470 733a 2f2f (1) .https://\n+00077690: 6275 6773 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f bugs.debian.org/\n+000776a0: 6367 692d 6269 6e2f 706b 6772 6570 6f72 cgi-bin/pkgrepor\n+000776b0: 742e 6367 693f 7372 633d 6465 6269 616e t.cgi?src=debian\n+000776c0: 2d70 6f6c 6963 7926 7065 6e64 2d65 7863 -policy&pend-exc\n+000776d0: 3d64 6f6e 6526 7461 673d 7265 6a65 6374 =done&tag=reject\n+000776e0: 6564 0a0a 1f0a 4669 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 ed....File: debi\n+000776f0: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792e 696e 666f 2c20 an-policy.info, \n+00077700: 204e 6f64 653a 204f 7468 6572 2054 6167 Node: Other Tag\n+00077710: 732c 2020 5072 6576 3a20 4375 7272 656e s, Prev: Curren\n+00077720: 7420 5072 6f63 6573 732c 2020 5570 3a20 t Process, Up: \n+00077730: 4465 6269 616e 2050 6f6c 6963 7920 6368 Debian Policy ch\n+00077740: 616e 6765 7320 7072 6f63 6573 730a 0a32 anges process..2\n+00077750: 302e 3420 4f74 6865 7220 5461 6773 0a3d 0.4 Other Tags.=\n+00077760: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 0a0a ==============..\n+00077770: 416c 6c20 506f 6c69 6379 2062 7567 7320 All Policy bugs \n+00077780: 6172 6520 6164 6469 7469 6f6e 616c 6c79 are additionally\n+00077790: 2063 6174 6567 6f72 697a 6564 2062 7920 categorized by \n+000777a0: 636c 6173 7320 6f66 2062 7567 2e0a 0a54 class of bug...T\n+000777b0: 6865 206e 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 2074 6167 he normative tag\n+000777c0: 2069 7320 7573 6564 2066 6f72 2062 7567 is used for bug\n+000777d0: 7320 7468 6174 206d 616b 6520 6e6f 726d s that make norm\n+000777e0: 6174 6976 6520 6368 616e 6765 7320 746f ative changes to\n+000777f0: 0a50 6f6c 6963 792c 206d 6561 6e69 6e67 .Policy, meaning\n+00077800: 2074 6861 7420 7468 6520 6469 6374 6174 that the dictat\n+00077810: 6573 206f 6620 506f 6c69 6379 2077 696c es of Policy wil\n+00077820: 6c20 6368 616e 6765 2069 6e20 736f 6d65 l change in some\n+00077830: 2066 6173 6869 6f6e 0a61 7320 7061 7274 fashion.as part\n+00077840: 206f 6620 7468 6520 7265 736f 6c75 7469 of the resoluti\n+00077850: 6f6e 206f 6620 7468 6520 6275 6720 6966 on of the bug if\n+00077860: 2074 6865 2070 726f 706f 7361 6c20 6973 the proposal is\n+00077870: 2061 6363 6570 7465 642e 2020 5468 650a accepted. The.\n+00077880: 6675 6c6c 2070 726f 6365 7373 2069 7320 full process is \n+00077890: 666f 6c6c 6f77 6564 2066 6f72 2073 7563 followed for suc\n+000778a0: 6820 6275 6773 2e0a 0a54 4147 3a20 6e6f h bugs...TAG: no\n+000778b0: 726d 6174 6976 6528 3129 0a0a 5468 6520 rmative(1)..The \n+000778c0: 696e 666f 726d 6174 6976 6520 7461 6720 informative tag \n+000778d0: 6973 2075 7365 6420 666f 7220 6275 6773 is used for bugs\n+000778e0: 2061 626f 7574 2077 6f72 6469 6e67 2069 about wording i\n+000778f0: 7373 7565 732c 2074 7970 6f73 2c0a 696e ssues, typos,.in\n+00077900: 666f 726d 6174 6976 6520 666f 6f74 6e6f formative footno\n+00077910: 7465 732c 206f 7220 6f74 6865 7220 6368 tes, or other ch\n+00077920: 616e 6765 7320 7468 6174 2064 6f20 6e6f anges that do no\n+00077930: 7420 6166 6665 6374 2074 6865 2066 6f72 t affect the for\n+00077940: 6d61 6c0a 6469 6374 6174 6573 206f 6620 mal.dictates of \n+00077950: 506f 6c69 6379 2c20 6a75 7374 2074 6865 Policy, just the\n+00077960: 2070 7265 7365 6e74 6174 696f 6e2e 2020 presentation. \n+00077970: 5468 6520 7361 6d65 2074 6167 7320 6172 The same tags ar\n+00077980: 6520 7573 6564 2066 6f72 0a74 6865 7365 e used for.these\n+00077990: 2062 7567 7320 666f 7220 636f 6e76 656e bugs for conven\n+000779a0: 6965 6e63 652c 2062 7574 2074 6865 2050 ience, but the P\n+000779b0: 6f6c 6963 7920 6d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 olicy maintainer\n+000779c0: 7320 6d61 7920 6d61 6b65 0a69 6e66 6f72 s may make.infor\n+000779d0: 6d61 7469 7665 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2077 mative changes w\n+000779e0: 6974 686f 7574 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7769 6e67 ithout following\n+000779f0: 2074 6865 2066 756c 6c20 7072 6f63 6573 the full proces\n+00077a00: 732e 2020 496e 666f 726d 6174 6976 650a s. Informative.\n+00077a10: 6275 6773 2066 616c 6c20 756e 6465 7220 bugs fall under \n+00077a20: 7468 6569 7220 6469 7363 7265 7469 6f6e their discretion\n+00077a30: 2e0a 0a54 4147 3a20 696e 666f 726d 6174 ...TAG: informat\n+00077a40: 6976 6528 3229 0a0a 5468 6520 7061 636b ive(2)..The pack\n+00077a50: 6167 696e 6720 7461 6720 6973 2075 7365 aging tag is use\n+00077a60: 6420 666f 7220 6275 6773 2061 626f 7574 d for bugs about\n+00077a70: 2074 6865 2070 6163 6b61 6769 6e67 2061 the packaging a\n+00077a80: 6e64 2062 7569 6c64 2070 726f 6365 7373 nd build process\n+00077a90: 0a6f 6620 7468 6520 6465 6269 616e 2d70 .of the debian-p\n+00077aa0: 6f6c 6963 7920 4465 6269 616e 2070 6163 olicy Debian pac\n+00077ab0: 6b61 6765 2e20 2054 6865 7365 2062 7567 kage. These bug\n+00077ac0: 7320 646f 206e 6f74 2066 6f6c 6c6f 7720 s do not follow \n+00077ad0: 7468 650a 6e6f 726d 616c 2070 726f 6365 the.normal proce\n+00077ae0: 7373 2061 6e64 2077 696c 6c20 6e6f 7420 ss and will not \n+00077af0: 6861 7665 2074 6865 206f 7468 6572 2074 have the other t\n+00077b00: 6167 7320 6578 6365 7074 2066 6f72 2070 ags except for p\n+00077b10: 656e 6469 6e67 2061 6e64 0a77 6f6e 7466 ending and.wontf\n+00077b20: 6978 2028 7573 6564 2077 6974 6820 7468 ix (used with th\n+00077b30: 6569 7220 6e6f 726d 616c 206d 6561 6e69 eir normal meani\n+00077b40: 6e67 7329 2e0a 0a54 4147 3a20 7061 636b ngs)...TAG: pack\n+00077b50: 6167 696e 6728 3329 0a0a 2020 202d 2d2d aging(3).. ---\n+00077b60: 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d20 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 ------- Footnote\n+00077b70: 7320 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 2d2d 0a0a 2020 s ----------.. \n+00077b80: 2028 3129 200a 6874 7470 733a 2f2f 6275 (1) .https://bu\n+00077b90: 6773 2e64 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 6367 gs.debian.org/cg\n+00077ba0: 692d 6269 6e2f 706b 6772 6570 6f72 742e i-bin/pkgreport.\n+00077bb0: 6367 693f 7372 633d 6465 6269 616e 2d70 cgi?src=debian-p\n+00077bc0: 6f6c 6963 7926 7065 6e64 2d65 7863 3d64 olicy&pend-exc=d\n+00077bd0: 6f6e 6526 7461 673d 6e6f 726d 6174 6976 one&tag=normativ\n+00077be0: 650a 0a20 2020 2832 2920 0a68 7474 7073 e.. (2) .https\n+00077bf0: 3a2f 2f62 7567 732e 6465 6269 616e 2e6f ://bugs.debian.o\n+00077c00: 7267 2f63 6769 2d62 696e 2f70 6b67 7265 rg/cgi-bin/pkgre\n+00077c10: 706f 7274 2e63 6769 3f73 7263 3d64 6562 port.cgi?src=deb\n+00077c20: 6961 6e2d 706f 6c69 6379 2670 656e 642d ian-policy&pend-\n+00077c30: 6578 633d 646f 6e65 2674 6167 3d69 6e66 exc=done&tag=inf\n+00077c40: 6f72 6d61 7469 7665 0a0a 2020 2028 3329 ormative.. (3)\n+00077c50: 200a 6874 7470 733a 2f2f 6275 6773 2e64 .https://bugs.d\n+00077c60: 6562 6961 6e2e 6f72 672f 6367 692d 6269 ebian.org/cgi-bi\n+00077c70: 6e2f 706b 6772 6570 6f72 742e 6367 693f n/pkgreport.cgi?\n+00077c80: 7372 633d 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 src=debian-polic\n+00077c90: 7926 7065 6e64 2d65 7863 3d64 6f6e 6526 y&pend-exc=done&\n+00077ca0: 7461 673d 7061 636b 6167 696e 670a 0a1f tag=packaging...\n+00077cb0: 0a46 696c 653a 2064 6562 6961 6e2d 706f .File: debian-po\n+00077cc0: 6c69 6379 2e69 6e66 6f2c 2020 4e6f 6465 licy.info, Node\n+00077cd0: 3a20 4d61 696e 7461 696e 6572 2073 6372 : Maintainer scr\n+00077ce0: 6970 7420 666c 6f77 6368 6172 7473 2c20 ipt flowcharts, \n+00077cf0: 204e 6578 743a 2055 7067 7261 6469 6e67 Next: Upgrading\n+00077d00: 2063 6865 636b 6c69 7374 2c20 2050 7265 checklist, Pre\n+00077d10: 763a 2044 6562 6961 6e20 506f 6c69 6379 v: Debian Policy\n+00077d20: 2063 6861 6e67 6573 2070 726f 6365 7373 changes process\n+00077d30: 2c20 2055 703a 2054 6f70 0a0a 3231 204d , Up: Top..21 M\n+00077d40: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 aintainer script\n+00077d50: 2066 6c6f 7763 6861 7274 730a 2a2a 2a2a flowcharts.****\n+00077d60: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a ****************\n+00077d70: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a0a 0a54 6865 ***********..The\n+00077d80: 2066 6c6f 7763 6861 7274 7320 2831 2920 flowcharts (1) \n+00077d90: 696e 636c 7564 6564 2069 6e20 7468 6973 included in this\n+00077da0: 2061 7070 656e 6469 7820 7573 6520 7468 appendix use th\n+00077db0: 6520 666f 6c6c 6f77 696e 670a 636f 6e76 e following.conv\n+00077dc0: 656e 7469 6f6e 733a 0a0a 2020 202d 206d entions:.. - m\n+00077dd0: 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 7220 7363 7269 7074 aintainer script\n+00077de0: 7320 616e 6420 7468 6569 7220 6172 6775 s and their argu\n+00077df0: 6d65 6e74 7320 6172 6520 7769 7468 696e ments are within\n+00077e00: 2062 6f78 6573 3b0a 0a20 2020 2d20 6163 boxes;.. - ac\n+00077e10: 7469 6f6e 7320 6361 7272 6965 6420 6f75 tions carried ou\n+00077e20: 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that was not pre\n+00077f10: 7669 6f75 736c 7920 696e 7374 616c 6c65 viously installe\n+00077f20: 6422 0008 5d0a 0a0a 4669 6775 7265 3a20 d\"..]...Figure: \n+00077f30: 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 2061 2070 6163 Installing a pac\n+00077f40: 6b61 6765 2074 6861 7420 7761 7320 6e6f kage that was no\n+00077f50: 7420 7072 6576 696f 7573 6c79 2069 6e73 t previously ins\n+00077f60: 7461 6c6c 6564 0a0a 0008 5b69 6d61 6765 talled....[image\n+00077f70: 2073 7263 3d22 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c src=\"debian-pol\n+00077f80: 6963 792d 6669 6775 7265 732f 6465 6269 icy-figures/debi\n+00077f90: 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 792d 696e 7374 616c an-policy-instal\n+00077fa0: 6c2d 636f 6e66 6669 6c65 732e 706e 6722 l-conffiles.png\"\n+00077fb0: 2061 6c74 3d22 496e 7374 616c 6c69 6e67 alt=\"Installing\n+00077fc0: 2061 2070 6163 6b61 6765 2074 6861 7420 a package that \n+00077fd0: 7761 7320 7072 6576 696f 7573 6c79 2072 was previously r\n+00077fe0: 656d 6f76 6564 2c20 6275 7420 6e6f 7420 emoved, but not \n+00077ff0: 7075 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ecklist.********\n+00078390: 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 2a2a 0a0a **************..\n+000783a0: 2a20 4d65 6e75 3a0a 0a2a 2041 626f 7574 * Menu:..* About\n+000783b0: 2074 6865 2063 6865 636b 6c69 7374 3a3a the checklist::\n+000783c0: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e37 2e32 .* Version 4.7.2\n+000783d0: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3720 322e : Version 4 7 2.\n+000783e0: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e37 2e31 .* Version 4.7.1\n+000783f0: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3720 312e : Version 4 7 1.\n+00078400: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e37 2e30 .* Version 4.7.0\n+00078410: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3720 302e : Version 4 7 0.\n+00078420: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e36 2e32 .* Version 4.6.2\n+00078430: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3620 322e : Version 4 6 2.\n+00078440: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e36 2e31 .* Version 4.6.1\n+00078450: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3620 312e : Version 4 6 1.\n+00078460: 0a2a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2e36 2e30 .* Version 4.6.0\n+00078470: 3a20 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Emacs a\n+00089220: 6e64 2054 6558 2061 7265 206e 6f20 6c6f nd TeX are no lo\n+00089230: 6e67 6572 206d 616e 6461 7465 6420 6279 nger mandated by\n+00089240: 2070 6f6c 6963 7920 746f 2062 6520 7072 policy to be pr\n+00089250: 696f 7269 7479 0a20 2020 2020 7374 616e iority. stan\n+00089260: 6461 7264 2070 6163 6b61 6765 730a 0a31 dard packages..1\n+00089270: 312e 350a 0a20 2020 2020 5072 6f67 7261 1.5.. Progra\n+00089280: 6d73 2074 6861 7420 6163 6365 7373 2064 ms that access d\n+00089290: 6f63 7320 6e65 6564 2074 6f20 646f 2073 ocs need to do s\n+000892a0: 6f20 7669 6120 e280 982f 7573 722f 7368 o via .../usr/sh\n+000892b0: 6172 652f 646f 63e2 8099 2c20 616e 640a are/doc..., and.\n+000892c0: 2020 2020 206e 6f74 2076 6961 20e2 8098 not via ...\n+000892d0: 2f75 7372 2f64 6f63 2fe2 8099 2061 7320 /usr/doc/... as \n+000892e0: 7761 7320 7468 6520 706f 6c69 6379 2070 was the policy p\n+000892f0: 7265 7669 6f75 736c 790a 0a31 322e 330a reviously..12.3.\n+00089300: 0a20 2020 2020 5075 7474 696e 6720 646f . Putting do\n+00089310: 6375 6d65 6e74 6174 696f 6e20 696e 20e2 cumentation in .\n+00089320: 8098 2f75 7372 2f64 6f63 e280 9920 7665 ../usr/doc... ve\n+00089330: 7273 7573 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 2f73 6861 rsus .../usr/sha\n+00089340: 7265 2f64 6f63 e280 9920 6973 206e 6f77 re/doc... is now\n+00089350: 0a20 2020 2020 6120 e280 9c73 6572 696f . a ...serio\n+00089360: 7573 e280 9d20 706f 6c69 6379 2076 696f us... policy vio\n+00089370: 6c61 7469 6f6e 2e0a 0a31 312e 350a 0a20 lation...11.5.. \n+00089380: 2020 2020 466f 7220 7765 6220 7365 7276 For web serv\n+00089390: 6572 732c 206f 6e65 2073 686f 756c 6420 ers, one should \n+000893a0: 6e6f 7420 7072 6f76 6964 6520 6e6f 6e2d not provide non-\n+000893b0: 6c6f 6361 6c20 6163 6365 7373 2074 6f20 local access to \n+000893c0: 7468 650a 2020 2020 20e2 8098 2f75 7372 the. .../usr\n+000893d0: 2f73 6861 7265 2f64 6f63 e280 9920 6869 /share/doc... hi\n+000893e0: 6572 6172 6368 792e 2020 4966 206f 6e65 erarchy. 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Descrip\n+0008b530: 7469 6f6e 206f 6620 686f 7720 746f 2068 tion of how to h\n+0008b540: 616e 646c 6520 7665 7273 696f 6e20 6e75 andle version nu\n+0008b550: 6d62 6572 7320 6261 7365 6420 6f6e 2064 mbers based on d\n+0008b560: 6174 6573 2061 6464 6564 0a0a 1f0a 4669 ates added....Fi\n+0008b570: 6c65 3a20 6465 6269 616e 2d70 6f6c 6963 le: debian-polic\n+0008b580: 792e 696e 666f 2c20 204e 6f64 653a 2056 y.info, Node: V\n+0008b590: 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 2030 2031 2c20 204e ersion 3 0 1, N\n+0008b5a0: 6578 743a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 2030 ext: Version 3 0\n+0008b5b0: 2030 2c20 2050 7265 763a 2056 6572 7369 0, Prev: Versi\n+0008b5c0: 6f6e 2033 2031 2030 2c20 2055 703a 2055 on 3 1 0, Up: U\n+0008b5d0: 7067 7261 6469 6e67 2063 6865 636b 6c69 pgrading checkli\n+0008b5e0: 7374 0a0a 3232 2e36 3120 5665 7273 696f st..22.61 Versio\n+0008b5f0: 6e20 332e 302e 310a 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d n 3.0.1.========\n+0008b600: 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d3d 3d0a 0a52 656c ===========..Rel\n+0008b610: 6561 7365 6420 4a75 6c79 2c20 3139 3939 eased July, 1999\n+0008b620: 2e0a 0a31 302e 320a 0a20 2020 2020 4164 ...10.2.. 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7072 6f63 6573 7320 6964 367f ap-process id6.\n+0009a2a0: 3438 3730 3738 0a52 6566 3a20 3230 657f 487078.Ref: 20e.\n+0009a2b0: 3438 3730 3738 0a52 6566 3a20 6170 2d70 487078.Ref: ap-p\n+0009a2c0: 726f 6365 7373 2073 7461 7465 2d66 2d61 rocess state-f-a\n+0009a2d0: 6363 6570 7465 647f 3438 3730 3738 0a52 ccepted.487078.R\n+0009a2e0: 6566 3a20 3230 667f 3438 3730 3738 0a52 ef: 20f.487078.R\n+0009a2f0: 6566 3a20 5374 6174 6520 4620 4163 6365 ef: State F Acce\n+0009a300: 7074 6564 2d46 6f6f 746e 6f74 652d 317f pted-Footnote-1.\n+0009a310: 3438 3734 3931 0a4e 6f64 653a 2053 7461 487491.Node: Sta\n+0009a320: 7465 2047 2052 656a 6563 747f 3438 3735 te G Reject.4875\n+0009a330: 3930 0a52 6566 3a20 6170 2d70 726f 6365 90.Ref: ap-proce\n+0009a340: 7373 2069 6437 7f34 3837 3638 380a 5265 ss id7.487688.Re\n+0009a350: 663a 2032 3130 7f34 3837 3638 380a 5265 f: 210.487688.Re\n+0009a360: 663a 2061 702d 7072 6f63 6573 7320 7374 f: ap-process st\n+0009a370: 6174 652d 672d 7265 6a65 6374 7f34 3837 ate-g-reject.487\n+0009a380: 3638 380a 5265 663a 2032 3131 7f34 3837 688.Ref: 211.487\n+0009a390: 3638 380a 5265 663a 2053 7461 7465 2047 688.Ref: State G\n+0009a3a0: 2052 656a 6563 742d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 Reject-Footnote\n+0009a3b0: 2d31 7f34 3839 3038 380a 4e6f 6465 3a20 -1.489088.Node: \n+0009a3c0: 4f74 6865 7220 5461 6773 7f34 3839 3138 Other Tags.48918\n+0009a3d0: 380a 5265 663a 2061 702d 7072 6f63 6573 8.Ref: ap-proces\n+0009a3e0: 7320 6f74 6865 722d 7461 6773 7f34 3839 s other-tags.489\n+0009a3f0: 3239 350a 5265 663a 2032 3132 7f34 3839 295.Ref: 212.489\n+0009a400: 3239 350a 5265 663a 2061 702d 7072 6f63 295.Ref: ap-proc\n+0009a410: 6573 7320 7072 6f63 6573 732d 6f74 6865 ess process-othe\n+0009a420: 722d 7461 6773 7f34 3839 3239 350a 5265 r-tags.489295.Re\n+0009a430: 663a 2032 3133 7f34 3839 3239 350a 5265 f: 213.489295.Re\n+0009a440: 663a 204f 7468 6572 2054 6167 732d 466f f: Other Tags-Fo\n+0009a450: 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 7f34 3930 3336 360a otnote-1.490366.\n+0009a460: 5265 663a 204f 7468 6572 2054 6167 732d Ref: Other Tags-\n+0009a470: 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d32 7f34 3930 3436 Footnote-2.49046\n+0009a480: 370a 5265 663a 204f 7468 6572 2054 6167 7.Ref: Other Tag\n+0009a490: 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d33 7f34 3930 s-Footnote-3.490\n+0009a4a0: 3537 300a 4e6f 6465 3a20 4d61 696e 7461 570.Node: Mainta\n+0009a4b0: 696e 6572 2073 6372 6970 7420 666c 6f77 iner script flow\n+0009a4c0: 6368 6172 7473 7f34 3930 3637 310a 5265 charts.490671.Re\n+0009a4d0: 663a 2061 702d 666c 6f77 6368 6172 7473 f: ap-flowcharts\n+0009a4e0: 2064 6f63 7f34 3930 3831 320a 5265 663a doc.490812.Ref:\n+0009a4f0: 2065 397f 3439 3038 3132 0a52 6566 3a20 e9.490812.Ref: \n+0009a500: 6170 2d66 6c6f 7763 6861 7274 7320 6d61 ap-flowcharts ma\n+0009a510: 696e 7461 696e 6572 2d73 6372 6970 742d intainer-script-\n+0009a520: 666c 6f77 6368 6172 7473 7f34 3930 3831 flowcharts.49081\n+0009a530: 320a 5265 663a 2032 3134 7f34 3930 3831 2.Ref: 214.49081\n+0009a540: 320a 5265 663a 204d 6169 6e74 6169 6e65 2.Ref: Maintaine\n+0009a550: 7220 7363 7269 7074 2066 6c6f 7763 6861 r script flowcha\n+0009a560: 7274 732d 466f 6f74 6e6f 7465 2d31 7f34 rts-Footnote-1.4\n+0009a570: 3932 3137 350a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5570 6772 92175.Node: Upgr\n+0009a580: 6164 696e 6720 6368 6563 6b6c 6973 747f ading checklist.\n+0009a590: 3439 3232 3832 0a52 6566 3a20 7570 6772 492282.Ref: upgr\n+0009a5a0: 6164 696e 672d 6368 6563 6b6c 6973 7420 ading-checklist \n+0009a5b0: 646f 637f 3439 3234 3031 0a52 6566 3a20 doc.492401.Ref: \n+0009a5c0: 397f 3439 3234 3031 0a52 6566 3a20 7570 9.492401.Ref: up\n+0009a5d0: 6772 6164 696e 672d 6368 6563 6b6c 6973 grading-checklis\n+0009a5e0: 7420 7570 6772 6164 696e 672d 6368 6563 t upgrading-chec\n+0009a5f0: 6b6c 6973 747f 3439 3234 3031 0a52 6566 klist.492401.Ref\n+0009a600: 3a20 3231 357f 3439 3234 3031 0a4e 6f64 : 215.492401.Nod\n+0009a610: 653a 2041 626f 7574 2074 6865 2063 6865 e: About the che\n+0009a620: 636b 6c69 7374 7f34 3934 3733 320a 5265 cklist.494732.Re\n+0009a630: 663a 2075 7067 7261 6469 6e67 2d63 6865 f: upgrading-che\n+0009a640: 636b 6c69 7374 2061 626f 7574 2d74 6865 cklist about-the\n+0009a650: 2d63 6865 636b 6c69 7374 7f34 3934 3833 -checklist.49483\n+0009a660: 360a 5265 663a 2032 3136 7f34 3934 3833 6.Ref: 216.49483\n+0009a670: 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 6.Node: Version \n+0009a680: 3420 3720 327f 3439 3637 3731 0a52 6566 4 7 2.496771.Ref\n+0009a690: 3a20 7570 6772 6164 696e 672d 6368 6563 : upgrading-chec\n+0009a6a0: 6b6c 6973 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e2d 342d klist version-4-\n+0009a6b0: 372d 327f 3439 3638 3937 0a52 6566 3a20 7-2.496897.Ref: \n+0009a6c0: 3231 377f 3439 3638 3937 0a4e 6f64 653a 217.496897.Node:\n+0009a6d0: 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2037 2031 7f34 Version 4 7 1.4\n+0009a6e0: 3937 3433 390a 5265 663a 2075 7067 7261 97439.Ref: upgra\n+0009a6f0: 6469 6e67 2d63 6865 636b 6c69 7374 2076 ding-checklist v\n+0009a700: 6572 7369 6f6e 2d34 2d37 2d31 7f34 3937 ersion-4-7-1.497\n+0009a710: 3535 390a 5265 663a 2032 3138 7f34 3937 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6563 6b6c 6973 7420 7665 7273 696f checklist versio\n+0009a810: 6e2d 342d 362d 317f 3530 3132 3139 0a52 n-4-6-1.501219.R\n+0009a820: 6566 3a20 3231 627f 3530 3132 3139 0a4e ef: 21b.501219.N\n+0009a830: 6f64 653a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 2036 ode: Version 4 6\n+0009a840: 2030 7f35 3031 3535 340a 5265 663a 2075 0.501554.Ref: u\n+0009a850: 7067 7261 6469 6e67 2d63 6865 636b 6c69 pgrading-checkli\n+0009a860: 7374 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2d34 2d36 2d30 st version-4-6-0\n+0009a870: 7f35 3031 3637 340a 5265 663a 2032 3163 .501674.Ref: 21c\n+0009a880: 7f35 3031 3637 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5665 .501674.Node: Ve\n+0009a890: 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3520 317f 3530 3230 rsion 4 5 1.5020\n+0009a8a0: 3236 0a52 6566 3a20 7570 6772 6164 696e 26.Ref: upgradin\n+0009a8b0: 672d 6368 6563 6b6c 6973 7420 7665 7273 g-checklist vers\n+0009a8c0: 696f 6e2d 342d 352d 317f 3530 3231 3436 ion-4-5-1.502146\n+0009a8d0: 0a52 6566 3a20 3231 647f 3530 3231 3436 .Ref: 21d.502146\n+0009a8e0: 0a4e 6f64 653a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2034 .Node: Version 4\n+0009a8f0: 2035 2030 7f35 3033 3331 360a 5265 663a 5 0.503316.Ref:\n+0009a900: 2075 7067 7261 6469 6e67 2d63 6865 636b upgrading-check\n+0009a910: 6c69 7374 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2d34 2d35 list version-4-5\n+0009a920: 2d30 7f35 3033 3433 360a 5265 663a 2032 -0.503436.Ref: 2\n+0009a930: 3165 7f35 3033 3433 360a 4e6f 6465 3a20 1e.503436.Node: \n+0009a940: 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3420 317f 3530 Version 4 4 1.50\n+0009a950: 3435 3236 0a52 6566 3a20 7570 6772 6164 4526.Ref: upgrad\n+0009a960: 696e 672d 6368 6563 6b6c 6973 7420 7665 ing-checklist ve\n+0009a970: 7273 696f 6e2d 342d 342d 317f 3530 3436 rsion-4-4-1.5046\n+0009a980: 3436 0a52 6566 3a20 3231 667f 3530 3436 46.Ref: 21f.5046\n+0009a990: 3436 0a4e 6f64 653a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 46.Node: Version\n+0009a9a0: 2034 2034 2030 7f35 3035 3338 370a 5265 4 4 0.505387.Re\n+0009a9b0: 663a 2075 7067 7261 6469 6e67 2d63 6865 f: upgrading-che\n+0009a9c0: 636b 6c69 7374 2076 6572 7369 6f6e 2d34 cklist version-4\n+0009a9d0: 2d34 2d30 7f35 3035 3530 370a 5265 663a -4-0.505507.Ref:\n+0009a9e0: 2032 3230 7f35 3035 3530 370a 4e6f 6465 220.505507.Node\n+0009a9f0: 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3320 307f : Version 4 3 0.\n+0009aa00: 3530 3633 3331 0a52 6566 3a20 7570 6772 506331.Ref: upgr\n+0009aa10: 6164 696e 672d 6368 6563 6b6c 6973 7420 ading-checklist \n+0009aa20: 7665 7273 696f 6e2d 342d 332d 307f 3530 version-4-3-0.50\n+0009aa30: 3634 3531 0a52 6566 3a20 3232 317f 3530 6451.Ref: 221.50\n+0009aa40: 3634 3531 0a4e 6f64 653a 2056 6572 7369 6451.Node: Versi\n+0009aa50: 6f6e 2034 2032 2031 7f35 3037 3937 340a on 4 2 1.507974.\n+0009aa60: 5265 663a 2075 7067 7261 6469 6e67 2d63 Ref: upgrading-c\n+0009aa70: 6865 636b 6c69 7374 2076 6572 7369 6f6e hecklist version\n+0009aa80: 2d34 2d32 2d31 7f35 3038 3039 340a 5265 -4-2-1.508094.Re\n+0009aa90: 663a 2032 3232 7f35 3038 3039 340a 4e6f f: 222.508094.No\n+0009aaa0: 6465 3a20 5665 7273 696f 6e20 3420 3220 de: Version 4 2 \n+0009aab0: 307f 3530 3833 3234 0a52 6566 3a20 7570 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387f 3535 3934 3336 0a52 6566 3a20 5-8.559436.Ref: \n+0009b690: 3234 347f 3535 3934 3336 0a4e 6f64 653a 244.559436.Node:\n+0009b6a0: 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 2035 2037 7f35 Version 3 5 7.5\n+0009b6b0: 3630 3136 340a 5265 663a 2075 7067 7261 60164.Ref: upgra\n+0009b6c0: 6469 6e67 2d63 6865 636b 6c69 7374 2076 ding-checklist v\n+0009b6d0: 6572 7369 6f6e 2d33 2d35 2d37 7f35 3630 ersion-3-5-7.560\n+0009b6e0: 3238 340a 5265 663a 2032 3435 7f35 3630 284.Ref: 245.560\n+0009b6f0: 3238 340a 4e6f 6465 3a20 5665 7273 696f 284.Node: Versio\n+0009b700: 6e20 3320 3520 367f 3536 3134 3936 0a52 n 3 5 6.561496.R\n+0009b710: 6566 3a20 7570 6772 6164 696e 672d 6368 ef: upgrading-ch\n+0009b720: 6563 6b6c 6973 7420 7665 7273 696f 6e2d ecklist version-\n+0009b730: 332d 352d 367f 3536 3136 3136 0a52 6566 3-5-6.561616.Ref\n+0009b740: 3a20 3234 367f 3536 3136 3136 0a4e 6f64 : 246.561616.Nod\n+0009b750: 653a 2056 6572 7369 6f6e 2033 2035 2035 e: Version 3 5 5\n+0009b760: 7f35 3632 3436 350a 5265 663a 2075 7067 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